name: Assist in identifying styles of dysfunctional thinking (e.g., polarized thinking, overgeneralization, magnification, personalization)


name: Encourage identification and naming of painful emotions (e.g., anger, anxiety, hopelessness)


name: Assist in identifying perceived stressors (e.g., situations, events, interactions with other people) that contributed to stress


name: Assist to identify faulty interpretations about perceived stressors


name: Assist in recognizing irrationality of certain beliefs compared with actual reality


name: Assist in changing irrational self-statements to rational self-statements


name: Assist in replacing faulty interpretations with more reality-based interpretations of stressful situations, events, interactions


name: Apply therapeutic techniques and strategies to facilitate changing thought patterns (e.g., Socratic questioning, life event visualization, feeling focusing, summary and reframing, thought records, de-catastrophizing or "what if " technique, positive belief records)


name: Make statements and ask questions that challenge perception and behavior, as appropriate


name: Assist to identify belief system that affects health status


name: Use belief systems to see situation in a different way


name: Reinforce learning and use of new thought patterns


name: Evaluate for progress toward achieving desired goals


name: Prepare for ending of therapeutic session


name: Encourage the use of a multi-stimulation program (e.g., singing and listening to music, creative activities, exercise, conversation, social interactions, problem solving) to promote and protect cognitive capacity


name: Determine goals for management of environment and optimum comfort


name: Ease transition by warmly welcoming to new environment


name: Give consideration to placement of persons in multiple-bedded rooms (i.e., roommates with similar environmental concerns when possible)


name: Provide single room if preference and need for quiet and rest, if possible


name: Provide safe, clean, calm, and airy environment


name: Provide or remove blankets to regulate temperature, as indicated


name: Adjust lighting to meet needs of activities, avoiding direct light in eyes


name: Facilitate hygiene measures (e.g., wiping brow; applying skin creams; cleaning body, hair, and oral cavity)


name: Position to facilitate comfort (e.g., using principles of body alignment, support with pillows, support joints during movement, splint over incisions, immobilize painful body part)


name: Encourage non-pharmacological actions to increase comfort (e.g., music therapy, massage therapy)


name: Monitor skin, especially over bony prominences, for signs of pressure or irritation


name: Provide relevant and useful educational resources concerning management of illnesses and injuries


name: Analyze infection data routinely in healthcare settings and community to make evidence-based decisions


name: Identify individuals who are potentially contagious


name: Isolate potentially contagious individuals if indicated, quickly and appropriately


name: Require use of standard precautions with all person-to-person contact


name: Promote frequent handwashing or cleansing with antimicrobial hand sanitizer


name: Promote use of personal protective equipment (PPE) where indicated


name: Create triage areas in affected healthcare settings where isolation is possible, during known outbreaks


name: Create specific isolation areas for affected individuals during known outbreaks


name: Ensure provision of strengthened forms of support, including social and emotional support, to prevent adverse effects when source isolation or other forms of constraints are in use


name: Ensure community workers and at-risk health care workers receive relevant and up-to-date vaccinations


name: Ensure regular educational programs related to benefits of vaccinations within community


name: Encourage persons to avoid crowded settings during known outbreaks


name: Provide information related to respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette


name: Instruct persons to stay away from work or school when having active symptoms of infection


name: Promote use of disinfectants in institutions and schools


name: Use available technological advancements to monitor communicable diseases in communities (e.g., wastewater-based epidemiology, water fingerprinting)


name: Encourage proper prescribing and use of antibiotics to avoid superinfections


name: Provide information about antibiotic use and need to finish complete dosage, as prescribed


name: Promote access to adequate, regular health care treatment and health education related to prevention and treatment of communicable diseases and prevention of recurrence (e.g., safe sex practices, proper food handling, handwashing, avoidance of intravenous drug use)


name: Promote harm-reduction services for persons who inject drugs, such as medication-assisted treatment and syringe service programs (SSPs), to reduce risk of blood borne infectious disease acquisition (e.g., hepatitis C, HIV)


name: Ensure regular interactions with media to keep public properly informed of risks and proper actions to avoid spread of communicable diseases


name: Identify potential types of disasters for area (e.g., industrial, environmental)


name: Identify all community medical and social agency resources available to respond to disasters


name: Work with other agencies in planning for disasters (e.g., EMS services, local, state, and government agencies)


name: Build disaster leadership team with prearranged roles, adequate availability, and designated command center


name: Develop disaster notification network to alert personnel


name: Establish housing for personnel to remain on site if needed


name: Develop internal (e.g., place of business, home) and external (e.g., city, county, state) evacuation routes for various disaster scenarios (e.g., earthquake, hurricane, flood, terrorist)


name: Encourage regular review of internal and external evacuation routes throughout community


name: Encourage posting of evacuation plans in all buildings


name: Create shelters for displaced persons (e.g., bomb shelter, flood shelter) and signage to locate shelters


name: Check and restock shelter supplies routinely


name: Develop community preparations for disaster events


name: Educate community members on safety, self-help, location of shelters, evacuation routes, and first aid measures


name: Encourage community members to have personal preparedness plan (e.g., emergency telephone numbers, battery-operated radio, working flashlight, first aid kit, medical information, health care provider information, persons to be notified in an emergency, personal medications)


name: Educate health care personnel on disaster plans on routine basis


name: Evaluate performance of disaster personnel after disaster or mock disaster drill


name: Identify mechanism for debriefing for health care personnel after disaster


name: Sensitize health care personnel to potential psychological effects (e.g., depression, sadness, fear, anger, phobias, guilt, irritability, anxiety) of disaster


name: Identify post-disaster referral resources (e.g., rehabilitation, convalescence, counseling)


name: Identify post-disaster needs (e.g., ongoing disaster-related health care needs, collection of epidemiological data, assessment of cause of disaster, steps for prevention of reoccurrence)


name: Provide opportunities for participation by members in community


name: Assist in raising awareness of health problems and concerns


name: Dialogue with community to clarify health concern priorities


name: Collaboratively develop strategic initiatives with community members


name: Strengthen contacts between groups to discuss common and competing interests


name: Provide organizational framework to enhance communication and negotiation skills


name: Cultivate environment that provides safe expressions of views


name: Unify community members behind common mission


name: Ensure that community members maintain control of decision making


name: Develop mechanisms for involvement in local, state, and national activities related to community health concerns


name: Facilitate access to community health centers with free to low-cost health care provision


name: Provide educational programs related to community health needs


name: Identify learning needs (e.g., new or change in policy and procedures, transition to practice, equipment)


name: Identify performance problems (e.g., knowledge deficit, skill deficit, motivational deficit), as appropriate


name: Identify instructional goals, objectives, and learning activities


name: Identify resources to support instruction (e.g., expert consultation, learning materials, time, fiscal resources)


name: Design methods of pre- and post-assessment


name: Provide instructional program (e.g., self-directed learning packets, classroom, online, simulation)


name: Determine frequency of knowledge and skill evaluation


name: Provide private, neutral setting for conversation


name: Create and maintain non-threatening environment


name: Employ variety of communication techniques (e.g., active listening, establish common ground, clarify meaning, reframing, paraphrasing, reflecting)


name: Facilitate search for acceptable outcomes


name: Identify factors that may cause or contribute to constipation (e.g., medications, exercise, sleep, stress, diet)


name: Monitor for signs and symptoms of constipation (e.g., bloating, pain, nausea, absent bowel sounds)


name: Consult with health care provider about frequency of bowel movements


name: Explain etiology of problem and rationale for care


name: Institute toileting schedule, as appropriate


name: Inform of procedure for manual removal of stool, if necessary


name: Instruct to record color, volume, frequency, and consistency of stools


name: Instruct on high-fiber diet, as appropriate


name: Instruct on appropriate use of laxatives, stool softeners, and enemas


name: Instruct on importance of diet, exercise, fluid intake, and sleep


name: Instruct about time frame for resolution of constipation


name: Determine preferred communication method (e.g., in person, telephone, video, web-based)


name: Consider culture, ethnicity, and context when developing consultative relationships


name: Collect data to identify nature of problem


name: Mutually identify desired outcomes aimed to solve problem


name: Develop written contract to define agreement and avoid misunderstandings


name: Promote progress with self-direction and responsibility


name: Develop plan of agreed upon actions and strategies designed to achieve desired outcomes


name: Obtain commitment from decision makers to carry out agreed-upon actions


name: Document current or previously used resources


name: Assign personnel within budget according to acuity needs


name: Apply technology to assist with budgeting and cost containment (e.g., staffing programs, product tracking, supply prediction programs)


name: Communicate and coordinate care needs with other departments so care delivered in timely manner


name: Negotiate with interprofessional team members to prevent unnecessary or duplicative tests and procedures


name: Investigate competitive prices for supplies and equipment routinely


name: Determine whether supplies should be disposable or reusable, purchased or leased


name: Use standardized documentation to contain costs and maintain quality


name: Collaborate with interprofessional team members to contain costs and maintain quality


name: Use quality improvement programs to monitor delivery of quality care in cost-effective manner


name: Evaluate services and programs for cost effectiveness on ongoing basis


name: Inform of cost and alternatives of when and where to acquire health care services


name: Inform of cost, time, and alternatives involved in specific test or procedure


name: Encourage to ask questions about services and charges


name: Discuss financial situation as appropriate


name: Explore creative options to secure needed resources


name: Assist to sitting position with head slightly flexed, shoulders relaxed, and knees flexed


name: Encourage to take deep breath, hold for 2 seconds, and cough two or three times in succession


name: Use varied techniques to assist with effective coughing (e.g., huff cough, quad cough, manually assisted cough, diaphragmatic breathing)


name: Instruct to inhale deeply, bend forward slightly, and perform three or four huffs against open glottis


name: Instruct to inhale deeply several times, to exhale slowly, and to cough at end of exhalation


name: Compress abdomen below xiphoid with flat hand while assisting to flex forward while coughing


name: Instruct to follow coughing with several maximal inhalation breaths


name: Offer support devices (e.g., folded blanket, pillow, palmed hands) to splint incisions for pain minimization during directed coughing


name: Assist to use pillow or rolled blanket as splint against incision when coughing


name: Encourage persons with respiratory infections or chronic pulmonary diseases to deep breathe and cough every 2 hours while awake


name: Encourage persons with large amounts of sputum production to deep breathe and cough every hour while awake


name: Introduce self and ensure person is comfortable


name: Invite social conversation to ease anxiety


name: Invite to describe reasons for seeking counseling


name: Determine purpose, goals, and agenda for counseling sessions


name: Establish therapeutic relationship based on trust, empathy, compassion, and respect


name: Establish length of counseling sessions and length of counseling relationship


name: Develop understanding of concerns, problems, and difficulties


name: Assist to identify problem or situation causing distress


name: Identify what thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are associated with problem


name: Determine how family behavior may be affecting person


name: Determine what strategies previously used to manage problem


name: Assist to list and prioritize all possible alternatives to problem


name: Identify any differences between person's and health care team's view of situation


name: Verbalize discrepancy between feelings and behaviors


name: Maintain awareness of nonverbal behaviors as signs of emotional state


name: Ask person and significant others to identify what they can and cannot do about what is happening


name: Use tools to help increase self-awareness and knowledge of situation (e.g., paper and pencil measures, audiotape, videotape, interactional exercises with other people), as appropriate


name: Discourage decision-making when under severe stress, when possible


name: Reveal selected aspects of own experiences or personality to foster genuineness and trust, as appropriate


name: Use established therapeutic approach to guide counseling sessions (e.g., psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic, integrative-holistic)


name: Assist to identify strengths, and reinforce them


name: Evaluate for achievement of established goals and for resolution of presenting problem


name: Prepare for ending of therapeutic relationship


name: Determine if safety risk to self or others


name: Initiate necessary precautions to safeguard person or others


name: Use active, acute crisis management approach, as needed


name: Support person to feel safe and less anxious


name: Promote person's sense of control and self-efficacy to regain control as soon as possible


name: Focus on interaction by eliminating prejudices, presumptions, personal worries, and other distractions


name: Listen with full attention using communication techniques (e.g., eye contact, rapport, frequent responses to verify and transmit understanding, summarizing what person saying)


name: Encourage expression of feelings in nondestructive manner


name: Encourage to use own resources to make changes


name: Recognize type of crisis (e.g., maturational, situational, adventitious) to help develop person-centered plan of care, as appropriate


name: Monitor cognitive, emotional, and behavioral reactions to adjust interventions accordingly


name: Encourage to focus on present and immediate situation ("here and now") and not anticipating future events


name: Identify if previously agreed to a crisis plan and whether it is applicable in current situation


name: Develop crisis prevention plan to outline preferred ways of managing and preventing future crisis (e.g., information on early warning signs of crisis, medications, supports that help manage crisis, preferences for care, contact details for family members, information about 24-hour services), as necessary


name: Identify cultural beliefs or spiritual practices that should be addressed in assessing and intervening in crisis


name: Develop awareness of meaning of crisis from person's point of view


name: Recognize and understand impact of trauma histories of people experiencing crisis


name: Involve in identifying realistic and suitable interventions


name: Encourage to focus on one implication at a time


name: Assist in identification of personal strengths and abilities to use in resolving crisis


name: Assist in identification of past and present coping skills and effectiveness


name: Explore and enable educational needs of person and family, as appropriate


name: Instruct on specific coping skills (e.g., decision-making, problem solving, assertiveness, meditation, relaxation), as necessary


name: Provide social skills training, as needed


name: Assist to decide on particular course of action


name: Assist in formulating time frame for implementation of chosen course of action


name: Evaluate with person whether crisis has been resolved by chosen course of action


name: Plan with person how adaptive coping skills can be used to deal with future crises


name: Link person and family with community resources, as needed


name: Provide guidance to develop and maintain support systems


name: Introduce to people or groups who have successfully undergone same experience


name: Identify social supports available to family (e.g., groups; education about disease, treatment, prognosis, drugs; community supports for family; community supports for person to reach optimal functioning)


name: Provide information or refer person and family to additional support or services as needed


name: Facilitate access to community-based outreach support, appropriate health care providers, peer support workers, and mental health and substance use services


name: Plan regular follow-up (e.g., phone calls, clinic visits, home visits)


name: Evaluate and refer to rehabilitation program, as necessary


name: Encourage use of telecommunication- and technology-based solutions (e.g., psycho-education, online skills, online tools) for receiving emergency assessment, triage, and support, or for support with coping and self-management, as appropriate


name: Determine understanding of health condition using exploratory questions (e.g., how is this illness affecting you? What do you think the cause of the illness might be?)


name: Use cultural assessment tools if needed to determine areas of agreement and disagreement with health care practices or health care provider recommendations (e.g., ABCD Cultural Assessment Tool, LEARN Model of Cross-Cultural Communication)


name: Promote open discussion of cultural beliefs


name: Acknowledge commonalities between provider and person


name: Identify cultural practices that may negatively affect health


name: Discuss and clarify discrepancies openly


name: Negotiate, when issues cannot be resolved, acceptable compromise of treatment based on biomedical knowledge, knowledge of belief systems, and ethical standards


name: Recommend plan of care that involves person and family, and includes culturally appropriate and relevant strategies compatible with provider recommendations


name: Allow more than usual time to process information and work through decisions


name: Appear relaxed and unhurried in interactions


name: Provide information to health care team about cultural preferences


name: Include family in plan for prescribed regimen, when appropriate


name: Select final plan with involvement of provider and person


name: Facilitate intercultural communication between all providers (e.g., use of translator, bilingual written materials or media, accurate nonverbal communication, avoid stereotyping)


name: Provide information about health care system


name: Assist other health care providers to understand and accept person's reasons for nonadherence


name: Provide caregivers who share life experiences or language with persons where possible


name: Treat every encounter with persons from culturally diverse backgrounds as unique experiences


name: Modify typical interventions (e.g., teaching) in culturally congruent ways


name: Examine entire situation, including person and environment, determining level of agitation and potential for violence


name: Ensure safety of person, self, staff, and bystanders, removing bystanders if possible


name: Recruit other staff for assistance, employing teamwork (i.e., one staff interacting with person while other staff manage environmental safety for all)


name: Keep all interacting persons in an open space


name: Establish ability of person to communicate verbally, using person's preferred name


name: Identify self verbally, noting why person there (i.e., in psychiatric unit for counseling or medication review)


name: Approach using a calm, soft, clear voice when speaking, keeping sentences short and simple


name: Determine what person wants and its level of urgency, identifying actual and potential stressors


name: Provide clearly stated options and choices whenever possible, avoiding opinions on issues and grievances beyond staff control


name: Offer reassurance and help when setting boundaries while avoiding judgmental attitudes


name: Demonstrate control of situation without becoming demanding or authoritative


name: Listen to concerns with empathetic, genuine, non-confrontational approach at all times


name: Use non-threatening verbal and nonverbal communication patterns, avoiding excessive stimulation, aggressive postures and prolonged eye contact (i.e., relax shoulders with arms down and hands open outwards)


name: Avoid mirroring any negative body language


name: Avoid smiles or grimaces when person delusional or hallucinating


name: Avoid making sudden movements and threatening postures (e.g., gesticulation, pointing, crossing arms, putting hands on hips)


name: Administer calming medication to enhance communication ability, if indicated and as needed


name: Allow for choice in type or route of medication administration, if possible


name: Reassess person and environment for safety concerns frequently


name: Address medical issues, especially pain and discomfort


name: Provide appropriate level of care for person once situation under control (e.g., seclusion, restraint, return to room)


name: Promote engagement with social and support network, if appropriate


name: Ensure effective communication related to episode with other health care providers


name: Document episode following agency guidelines


name: Understand person's values, beliefs, interests, abilities, likes and dislikes


name: Determine physical, social, and psychological history, usual habits, and routines


name: Determine behavioral expectations appropriate for cognitive status


name: Use standardized assessments to determine functional and cognitive ability


name: Monitor environment to avoid over- and under-stimulation


name: Identify and remove potential dangers in environment


name: Provide consistent physical environment and daily routine


name: Prepare for interaction with eye contact and touch, as culturally appropriate


name: Address distinctly by name when initiating interaction


name: Ensure physical, psychological, emotional, and social needs are met


name: Modify factors (e.g., unmet needs), caregiver factors (e.g., communication), and environmental factors (e.g., over- or under-stimulation) when managing behavior


name: Avoid patronizing and infantilizing communication


name: Use distraction or redirection rather than confrontation to manage behavior


name: Provide caregivers that are familiar (e.g., avoid frequent rotations of staff assignments)


name: Provide support for eating (e.g., homelike atmosphere, adaptive food and utensils, culturally appropriate foods, proper oral health)


name: Provide support for toileting (e.g., scheduled bathroom visits, continence promotion)


name: Avoid agitating by quizzing with orientation questions that cannot be answered


name: Provide opportunities for meaningful interaction


name: Select activities geared to cognitive abilities and interests


name: Discuss with family members and friends how best to interact with person


name: Provide choices rather than open-ended questions


name: Use symbols, other than written signs, to assist person to locate room, bathroom, or other areas


name: Discuss home safety issues and interventions (e.g., access to weapons or chemicals, elopement)


name: Encourage use of eyeglasses or hearing aids if needed


name: Provide opportunities for music and reminisce therapy


name: Personalize bath according to person's usual bathing preferences or cultural preferences (e.g., assistance from family, cover body parts as requested)


name: View as whole person by focusing on person rather than task


name: Determine preferences for bathing (e.g., soaking bath, shower, towel bath, bag-bath with no-rinse soap, disposable wipes with no-rinse soap)


name: Determine preferences for time of day, use of products, location, and frequency of bathing


name: Maintain privacy by using location that allows for uninterrupted bathing


name: Maintain warmth of environment (e.g., radiant heat panels, infrared heat lamps, heated floors)


name: Maintain warmth of bathing supplies (e.g., warming cabinet for towels or towelettes, ensure water appropriate temperature)


name: Maintain warmth of person (i.e., keep covered with bath blanket)


name: Reduce extraneous environmental noise (e.g., place acoustic panels in bathroom)


name: Create relaxing environment with preferred music (i.e., individualized bathing playlist)


name: Socialize with person prior to initiating bathing


name: Seek input from other caregivers related to preferences and successful or unsuccessful bathing strategies


name: Invite family caregivers into bathing process


name: Prepare all bathing supplies prior to approaching person


name: Order body parts being washed from least sensitive to most sensitive


name: Encourage person to assist with bath as able


name: Support flexible bathing times and approach person when calm


name: Assess for cues that indicate discomfort


name: Provide choices (e.g., "would you like me to wash your hand or arm next?")


name: Speak in soft, relaxing, non-patronizing tone


name: Respond accordingly to person's perceptions (e.g., temperature, pain, fear of drowning)


name: Identify antecedents or "triggers" if responsive behavior occurs


name: Do not use physical restraints and avoid chemical restraints (e.g., psychoactive medications)


name: Monitor for verbal and nonverbal warning signs of increasing rejection of care


name: Accept negative comments and accept refusals


name: Validate person's feelings (i.e., do not contradict)


name: Complete towel or bag bath in person preferred location (e.g., bed, recliner)


name: Assure family when giving towel or bag bath that washing without water improves skin condition compared to traditional bed bath and that there are no differences in skin or hygienic outcomes when comparing washing without water compared to traditional bath or shower


name: Introduce bath or shower slowly when giving traditional bath or shower by first letting water trickle on hand


name: Perform gentle massage during bathing or with lotion after bathing


name: Use no rinse shampoo product or have hair stylist shampoo hair, as needed


name: Use bathing equipment that is comfortable for person


name: Use proper ergonomic equipment and techniques to ensure health provider and person safety


name: Attempt other methods of bathing for future hygienic care if rejection of care occurs


name: Provide evidenced-based and person-centered education about bathing for health providers, as appropriate


name: Support safer walking by providing secure and safe place for wandering


name: Provide appropriate supervision (i.e., place in room that allows for maximum surveillance, conduct regular checks, use volunteer or specialized personnel)


name: Modify unsafe aspects of environment (e.g., throw rugs, adequate lighting)


name: Alert neighbors about wandering behavior


name: Alert police and have current pictures of person taken


name: Provide person with medical alert bracelet or necklace


name: Use technology strategies such as pressure pads, locating devices, door alarms, surveillance, and wandering detection devices for elopement concerns


name: Use locating strategies such as radio frequency identification devices (RFID), global positioning system (GPS) devices, or electronic tagging


name: Use visual exiting barriers such as cloth coverings over doorknobs, mirrors in front of exit doors, and tape on floors in front of exit doors for elopement concerns


name: Reduce environmental triggers for wandering (e.g., avoid placing in rooms near areas of high traffic or noise, avoid rooms near elevators, exit signs or stairs, position bed with best visibility of bathroom)


name: Determine causes of wandering (e.g., searching for loved ones, going to work)


name: Provide assurances of safety and belonging


name: Provide card with information (e.g., address, phone number)


name: Monitor nutrition, hydration, and weight


name: Provide meaningful activities for person including but not limited to music, art, doll therapy, exercise programing, and aromatherapy


name: Increase social interactions and engagement in activities


name: Reduce noise, draw shades at sundown to reduce shadows, play soothing music, and use non-glare lighting, which may also help decrease agitation that can lead to wandering


name: Accommodate bedtime and sleep rituals to prevent insomnia and nighttime wandering


name: Follow organizational protocols for lost persons


name: Contact employer and malpractice carrier when notice of deposition or subpoena for testimony received


name: Discuss case only with attorney representing self at deposition


name: Avoid discussing case with co-workers, health care providers, and others involved without attorney present


name: Request that attorney explain deposition process


name: Keep all documents in safe and secure place


name: Listen carefully to entire question to understand it before attempting to answer


name: Answer questions directly and truthfully


name: Avoid interrupting or interjecting words when questions asked


name: Answer only questions pertaining to personal experience and role; do not speculate on role and duties of others


name: Answer "I do not remember" or "I don't recall" if not able to remember a fact


name: Follow directions of attorney in providing answers


name: Speak calmly, clearly, and with confidence


name: Ask to talk with attorney privately, if needed


name: Communicate with opposing counsel or opposing party only with attorney present


name: Discuss the risks and benefits of infant and caregiver co-sleeping


name: Use soft-bristled toothbrush with water or non-fluoridated toothpaste once several teeth have erupted


name: Identify factors that may cause or contribute to diarrhea (e.g., medications, exercise, sleep, stress, diet)


name: Determine history of diarrhea (e.g., acute, persistent, chronic)


name: Obtain stool for culture and sensitivity if diarrhea continues, as prescribed


name: Monitor bowel movements including frequency, consistency, volume, and color


name: Instruct on appropriate use of antidiarrheal medications


name: Observe skin turgor and other signs of dehydration (e.g., sunken eyes, dry mucous membranes)


name: Encourage frequent, small, bland food feedings, adding bulk gradually


name: Instruct to eliminate lactose, spicy or fatty foods, and caffeine


name: Consult health care provider if signs and symptoms of diarrhea persist


name: Instruct on stress-reduction techniques, as appropriate


name: Monitor safe food preparation and sanitation


name: Add mashed solid foods (e.g., finely diced meats, canned fruits, oatmeal, eggs) between 6 to 8 weeks post-surgery


name: Encourage attendance at a support group for several months post-surgery


name: Obtain permission to give personal information if speaking with someone other than person


name: Identify self with name and credentials, organization


name: Use intermediary services for communication as indicated


name: Inform about call process and obtain consent


name: Advise if call being recorded (e.g., for quality monitoring)


name: Determine satisfaction with care episodes using organizational guidelines


name: Document satisfaction using organizational guidelines


name: Review information from previous treatment, examination or testing to ensure adequate comprehension and adequate home care obtained or followed


name: Establish date and time for follow-up care or referral appointment


name: Provide information about current treatment regimen and resultant self-care responsibilities according to scope of practice and established guidelines, as necessary


name: Do not leave follow-up messages on voice mail


name: Document any assessments, advice, instructions, or other information given according to specified guidelines


name: Determine how person or family member can be reached for return telephone call, as appropriate


name: Gather data related to discharge needs upon admission and ongoing


name: Determine preferred languages for in-person oral communication, phone communication, and written materials


name: Observe for impaired health literacy cues (e.g., failing to complete written forms, inability to identify medications or reasons for taking them, deferment to family members for information about health condition)


name: Arrange for a qualified health care interpreter, including translation of written materials, as indicated


name: Provide ongoing instruction to person, family and caregivers related to hospital stay (e.g., cause for admission, treatments, care needed)


name: Ensure person, family, and caregivers are active participants in care


name: Determine home resources, challenges, and family or caregiver availability


name: Assist in planning for supportive environment to provide post-hospital care


name: Develop discharge plan that considers health literacy, health care, social, cultural, and financial needs


name: Formulate plan for post-discharge follow-up with person, family, and caregiver involvement


name: Ensure that dietary advice is consistent with religious or cultural practices


name: Ensure ability to obtain required medications and take as prescribed


name: Assist to prepare for discharge as indicated


name: Instruct on required after-hospital follow-up care (e.g., medicines, diet, exercise, herbal supplements)


name: Review any areas of poor understanding during instructions


name: Communicate discharge plans to interprofessional team, as appropriate


name: Ensure that adequate communication with primary care providers is ongoing


name: Coordinate efforts of interprofessional team to ensure timely discharge


name: Report any areas of concern related to discharge teaching or planning, prior to discharge


name: Provide copies of all information in preferred language


name: Expedite transmission of discharge summary to clinicians accepting care of person


name: Inform post-discharge caregivers of preferred language and cultural needs


name: Place discharge instructions in electronic portal for easy access, if appropriate


name: Provide contact information with discharge instructions


name: Schedule appointments for follow-up care (e.g., appointments, post-discharge tests or labs)


name: Arrange for post-discharge evaluation, as appropriate


name: Plan for follow-up results from lab tests or labs that are pending at discharge


name: Organize post-discharge outpatient services and health care equipment


name: Provide reinforcement of discharge plan within 48 hours of discharge (e.g., via telephone, text messages, video chat, home visit)


name: Coordinate with home health agencies to increase discharge information, follow-up, and after-hospital care received, as indicated


name: Determine at-home needs based on current health (e.g., comorbidities, cognitive or motor deficits)


name: Review home environment with person or family to determine problem areas


name: Consult with person and family concerning preparation for care delivery at home


name: Order and confirm delivery of medications and supplies, as needed


name: Encourage transition of care, with special attention to strengthening bond between person and family and new team or service


name: Instruct family or caregiver about health-disease process that person experiences


name: Provide guidance on organization of airy, light, and clean environment


name: Instruct family about situations requiring return to hospital


name: Document person's health status upon arrival at home


name: Ensure correct record prior to documentation


name: Record initial and ongoing assessment findings


name: Include nursing assessments, nursing diagnoses, nursing interventions, and outcomes of care provided


name: Use principles for documentation (e.g., factual, accurate, complete, timely)


name: Use standardized, systematic, and prescribed documentation policy required by facility


name: Use vendor and agency specific forms and flowsheets as indicated (e.g., Braden scale, fall risk)


name: Ensure accurate date and time of all events


name: Describe behaviors objectively and accurately using quotations, as needed


name: Record response to nursing interventions


name: Record when provider was notified of change in status


name: Include deviations from expected outcomes, as appropriate


name: Record use of safety measures, as appropriate


name: Record observations of home environment, as appropriate


name: Ensure that record complete at discharge


name: Sign record, using legal signature, credentials, and title


name: Maintain privacy and confidentiality of record


name: Document and report situations, as mandated by law


name: Consider culture and age when promoting dressing activities


name: Schedule dressing or undressing at time when not fatigued, often with bathing


name: Preserve person's modesty by not undressing unnecessarily


name: Close door or draw curtains when undressing person


name: Identify areas in which person can dress independently


name: Encourage to do as much as possible to increase independence and boost morale, as appropriate


name: Talk to person during process to allay anxieties and embarrassment


name: Use clear simple instructions for persons with cognitive deficits


name: Inform of available clothing for selection, providing personal clothing as appropriate


name: Provide clothes in accessible area (e.g., at bedside)


name: Lay clothes out in order and place within easy reach


name: Identify areas in which needs assistance in dressing


name: Encourage use of devices and simple dressing aids (e.g., dressing stick, long handled shoehorn, long handled reaching apparatus), as appropriate


name: Dress most disabled extremity first, as appropriate


name: Place shirt sleeve as high as possible on shoulder of affected arm to facilitate dressing or undressing


name: Dress in nonrestrictive, comfortable, loose-fitting clothing, as appropriate


name: Be gentle in movements and pull clothes, not person


name: Encourage to wear type of clothes normally worn (i.e., pajamas in bed, underwear and outerwear when up), as appropriate


name: Select shoes or slippers conducive to walking and safe ambulation


name: Avoid back fastenings and tight-fitting garments if limited movement of arms


name: Provide clothes with front pocket as more accessible when sitting down


name: Use front-fastening bras for woman with arthritic hands or recuperating after stroke


name: Use cotton clothes where possible to absorb perspiration better


name: Give assistance until fully able to assume responsibility for dressing self


name: Check accuracy and completeness of each medication administration record (MAR) prior to giving any medications, if indicated


name: Identify using at least two identifiers (e.g., name, birthday)


name: Note medical history and allergies, if indicated


name: Determine knowledge of medication and method of administration or treatment


name: Perform necessary pre-medication or pre-procedure assessments (e.g., blood pressure, pulse)


name: Position lying on side or sitting with head tilted toward affected ear


name: Place absorbent pads under head, neck, and shoulders


name: Cleanse pinna of ear and meatus of ear canal


name: Explain that feeling of fullness common during procedure


name: Instruct there may be discomfort when solution reaches tympanic membrane


name: Straighten ear canal and insert tip of syringe into auditory meatus


name: Direct solution gently upward against top of canal


name: Continue instilling fluid until all solution used or until canal cleansed


name: Avoid blocking outward flow of solution with syringe


name: Hang irrigating container and run solution through tubing with nozzle if not using syringe method, assuring no air in tubing prior to instilling in ear


name: Assist to side-lying position on affected side when irrigation completed, to drain excess fluid


name: Place cotton ball in auditory meatus to absorb excess fluid, as indicated


name: Monitor response to irrigation as indicated


name: Document character and amount of discharge, appearance of canal, discomfort immediately after instillation and again when medication, if used, expected to act


name: Inspect cotton ball for drainage when removed, if used


name: Document medication administration and responsiveness according to agency protocol


name: Determine health status, support systems, and goals for treatment


name: Collaborate with other members of health care team to develop treatment plan


name: Involve person and significant others, as appropriate


name: Confer with team and person to set target weight if not within recommended weight range for age and body frame


name: Establish amount of daily weight gain desired


name: Confer with dietitian to determine daily caloric intake necessary to attain and maintain target weight


name: Instruct and reinforce concepts of good nutrition, as needed


name: Encourage to discuss food preferences with dietitian


name: Respect, when possible, dietary lifestyle choices (e.g., vegetarian, vegan, pollotarian)


name: Regularly use hope engendering comments and actions to encourage efforts toward recovery


name: Monitor physiological parameters (e.g., vital signs, electrolytes), as needed


name: Weigh on routine basis (i.e., at same time of day and after voiding)


name: Attempt to control variables that may alter weight (e.g., different clothes, hidden objects within clothes)


name: Encourage self-monitoring of daily food intake, weight gain, and weight maintenance, as appropriate


name: Monitor for suicidal or self-harm behaviors


name: Establish expectations for appropriate behaviors (e.g., intake of food and fluid, amount of physical activity)


name: Use behavioral contracting to elicit desired weight gain or maintenance behaviors


name: Observe during and after meals or snacks to ensure that adequate intake achieved and maintained


name: Accompany to bathroom during designated observation times after meals or snacks


name: Monitor for behaviors related to eating, weight loss, and weight gain


name: Provide support (e.g., relaxation therapy, desensitization exercises, opportunities to talk about feelings) as integrates new eating behaviors, changing body image, and lifestyle changes


name: Encourage use of daily logs to record feelings and circumstances surrounding urge to purge, vomit, and overexercise


name: Provide supervised exercise program, when appropriate


name: Assist person and significant others to examine and resolve personal issues that may contribute to eating disorder, as needed


name: Assist to develop self-esteem compatible with healthy body weight


name: Confer with health care team on routine basis about progress


name: Initiate maintenance phase of treatment when target weight achieved and has consistently shown desired eating behaviors for designated period of time


name: Place responsibility for choices about eating and physical activity with person, as appropriate


name: Assist to evaluate appropriateness and consequences of choices about eating and physical activity


name: Reinstitute weight gain protocol if unable to remain in target weight range


name: Institute treatment program and follow-up care (e.g., medical, counseling) for home management


name: Explore current knowledge and beliefs about ECT including rationale for treatment


name: Instruct about treatment where needed to clarify knowledge gaps


name: Encourage to express feelings regarding prospect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatment


name: Review pretreatment orders and complete pretreatment checklist to ensure readiness for treatment and anesthesia (e.g., fasting, medication holds)


name: Verify identify by using at least two personal identifiers


name: Ensure person (or legal designee if person unable to give informed consent) has adequate understanding of ECT when obtaining informed consent


name: Confirm written order and signed informed consent for ECT treatment


name: Record height and weight in health care record


name: Discontinue or taper medications contraindicated for ECT as recommended


name: Review medication instructions before ECT treatment


name: Inform health care provider of any laboratory abnormalities


name: Confirm NPO status and medication instructions have been followed


name: Assist to dress in loose fitting clothing that can be opened in front to allow placement of monitoring equipment


name: Perform routine pre-procedure preparation (e.g., removal of dentures, jewelry, glasses, contact lenses; obtain vital signs; emptying bladder)


name: Ensure hair clean, dry, and devoid of hair ornaments in preparation for electrode placement


name: Obtain fasting blood glucose reading pre- and post-procedure if insulin-dependent


name: Administer medications before and throughout treatment


name: Verbally communicate unusual vital signs, physical complaints or symptoms, or unusual occurrences during handoff


name: Assist in placing leads for various monitors (e.g., EEG, ECG) and monitoring equipment (e.g., pulse oximeter, blood pressure cuff, peripheral nerve stimulator)


name: Place bite block in mouth and support chin to allow for airway patency during delivery of electrical stimulus


name: Position on side with side rails raised when unconscious


name: Perform routine postprocedural assessments (e.g., monitor vital signs, mental status, pulse oximeter, ECG)


name: Administer intravenous fluids, as prescribed


name: Notify anesthesia provider or attending provider if unstable


name: Observe in recovery area until fully awake, oriented to time and place, and independently able to perform self-care activities


name: Assist to return to inpatient unit or another recovery area, when adequately alert, oriented, and physically stable


name: Provide report on treatment and response when transitioning care


name: Determine level of observation needed upon return to unit or recovery area


name: Provide determined level of observation upon transfer from treatment area


name: Observe first attempt to ambulate independently to ensure full muscle control has returned after receiving muscle relaxant during ECT treatment


name: Ensure gag reflex has returned before offering oral medications, food, or fluids


name: Monitor for potential side effects of ECT (e.g., muscle soreness, headache, nausea, confusion, disorientation)


name: Administer medications (e.g., analgesics, antiemetics) as ordered for side effects


name: Treat disorientation by restricting environmental stimulation and frequently reorienting


name: Encourage to verbalize feelings about experience


name: Remind of amnesia effect of ECT treatment


name: Reinforce teaching on ECT, as appropriate


name: Update significant others on status, as appropriate


name: Discharge outpatient recipient of ECT to responsible adult when adequately recovered from treatment, as per agency protocol


name: Collaborate with treatment team to evaluate effectiveness of ECT (e.g., mood, cognitive status) and modify treatment plan, as needed


name: Document pretreatment preparation, procedure details, treatment, and responses


name: Monitor for cardiovascular manifestations of hypocalcemia (e.g., decreased contractility, decreased cardiac output, hypo-tension, lengthened ST segment, prolonged QT interval, torsades de pointes)


name: Monitor for signs and symptoms of hypernatremia: extreme thirst; fever; dry, sticky mucous membranes; tachycardia, hypo-tension, lethargy, confusion, altered mentation; and seizures


name: Interpret electronic monitor strip for baseline heart rate, longterm variability, and presence of spontaneous accelerations, decelerations, or contractions


name: Provide anticipatory guidance for abnormal test results (e.g., non-reassuring, nonstress test; positive oxytocin challenge test; or low biophysical profile score)


name: Initiate fetal resuscitation interventions to treat non-reassuring (abnormal) fetal heart patterns, as appropriate


name: Keep physician informed of pertinent changes in the fetal heart rate, interventions for non-reassuring patterns, subsequent fetal response, labor progress, and maternal response to labor


name: Determine experience and comfort with portal before attempting to present and promote


name: Collaborate with providers, person, and family members in initiating portal access and providing desired information


name: Implement portals using systematic process with accommodation for visual and physical limitations


name: Determine level of ability related to electronic device to be used for personal portal access


name: Tailor portal to individual health condition and level of activity


name: Provide kiosk, laptop, or tablet to orient to uses and importance of portal, where possible


name: Provide user-friendly instructions that highlight portal benefits (e.g., access to medications, laboratory results, diagnostic testing results, person-specific education resources, timely access to health information, reminders for preventive and follow-up care)


name: Actively promote portal use (e.g., bulk enrollment, ensure all providers and staff refer to portal, add to all handouts, endorse benefits)


name: Instruct about portal features and how to use each application


name: Ensure that portal has proactive, engaging portal features (e.g., problem-solving orientation, interactive decision tools, personalized messages and tools)


name: Ensure that portal operates in real time for current condition or activities (e.g., current medications with last dose and next dose times, current laboratory and diagnostic workup reports)


name: Offer guidance about effective communication with providers


name: Consider portals with gaming features as stress reduction measure or incentive system for select persons


name: Gather regular feedback related to portal use to facilitate refinements


name: Administer prophylactic low-dose anticoagulant and/or anti-platelet medication (e.g., heparin, clopidogrel, warfarin, aspirin, dipyridamole, dextran) per organizational policy and protocol


name: Instruct patient to check with health care provider: before taking any medication or herbal preparations, including over-thecounter products; before changing brands of medication; and before discontinuing a medication


name: Introduce self and ensure person comfortable


name: Use open-ended questions to help guide conversation and stir discussion (e.g., what happened, how did that make you feel, what will you do next?)


name: Listen attentively to concerns, thoughts, feelings, and beliefs


name: Refrain from making judgments about experiences


name: Restate concerns to seek understanding and convey empathy (e.g., It sounds like you are saying...; or What I'm hearing is...)


name: Use touch to support emotionally, if appropriate


name: Encourage to express feelings of anxiety, anger, or sadness


name: Empathize and validate experience (e.g., That's a lot to deal with; I'm sorry that this is happening; It sounds like that really hurt you; I understand; That would make me angry too)


name: Facilitate identification of usual response pattern in coping with fears


name: Discuss possible consequences of not dealing with feelings of guilt and shame


name: Identify function that anger, frustration, and rage can serve


name: Encourage talking or crying as means to express and release emotional responses


name: Stay with person and provide assurance of safety and security during periods of anxiety


name: Reduce demand for cognitive functioning when ill or fatigued


name: Hyper-oxygenate the patient and suction the endotracheal airway


name: Provide for measures to prevent aspiration post-extubation, as indicated


name: Monitor the post-extubation period, including ensuring the equipment, personnel, and medications are readily available in the event of emergent, post-extubation phenomena


name: Determine appropriateness of extubation based on person and family's wishes


name: Involve interprofessional team in decision-making process


name: Review records to ensure wishes regarding discontinuation of ventilator support are documented


name: Prepare family on what to expect (e.g., episodes of abnormal breathing or involuntary movements, discontinuation of interventions that do not provide comfort)


name: Discontinue neuromuscular blocking agents at appropriate interval before extubation, as prescribed


name: Maintain intravenous or subcutaneous access as indicated


name: Encourage family to spend time with person prior to extubation


name: Remove unnecessary equipment from bedside


name: Remove soft ties, mitts, and other devices that hinder contact between person and family


name: Decrease or turn off sound of monitoring equipment and electronic devices (e.g., alarm settings, television, radios, phones, computers) except when requested otherwise by family


name: Premedicate prior to extubation for comfort, as prescribed


name: Proceed with steps of extubation (e.g., deflate cuff, remove tube)


name: Maintain cannula for person with tracheostomy or significant airway edema


name: Administer medication to alleviate respiratory distress, pain, or anxiety, as prescribed


name: Document process, medications, and outcomes (e.g., instability, stability, death)


name: Consult with dietitian in selecting type and strength of enteral feeding


name: Verify correct formula, expiration date, and integrity of container


name: Prepare formula for administration following manufacturer guidelines, assuring formula at room temperature


name: Perform appropriate abdominal assessments prior to initiating feedings (e.g., bowel sounds, firmness on palpation, expanding girth)


name: Monitor for proper placement of tube, according to agency protocol


name: Avoid pH testing for confirmation of placement in persons receiving acid-suppression medications or on continuous feedings


name: Mark tubing at point of exit to maintain proper placement and check regularly for movement, once placement confirmed by x-ray


name: Confirm tube placement by x-ray examination before initial administration of feedings or medications via tube, per agency protocol


name: Monitor reports of routine chest and abdominal radiographic films for reference to feeding tube location


name: Obtain repeat x-ray film confirmation of placement if bedside assessments create any doubt regarding tube location


name: Check tube placement immediately before each intermittent feeding or per agency protocol for continuous feedings


name: Avoid IV syringes when administering feedings or solutions into tubes to decrease chance of inadvertently accessing IV lines


name: Check residual per health care provider prescription or agency policy, prior to medication administration and changes in enteral feeding


name: Wait to verify placement at least 1 hour after medication administration by tube or mouth


name: Place in reverse Trendelenburg during feedings if person needs to remain supine


name: Monitor for signs and symptoms of respiratory distress during feeding (e.g., coughing, choking, reduced oxygen saturation)


name: Stop feedings if distress noted and obtain x-ray per agency protocol


name: Discontinue feedings 30 to 60 minutes before lowering head of bed


name: Turn off tube feeding 1 hour before procedure or transport if person needs to be positioned less than 30 degrees head elevation


name: Irrigate tube every 4 to 6 hours during continuous feedings, before and after every intermittent feeding, after giving medications, and when disconnecting tube feedings, to prevent clogging of tube, per agency protocol


name: Unclog feeding tubes using solution of meat tenderizer and water (i.e., 1 tablespoon in 30 mL of warm water) let sit for 5 minutes and then flush with warm water, per agency protocol


name: Implement total free-water requirement per day per registered dietitian recommendation


name: Use clean technique in administering tube feedings, with aseptic technique for tubing connections


name: Avoid handling feeding system or touching can tops, container openings, spike or spike port to prevent bacterial growth


name: Use only pumps designated for tube feedings


name: Label bag with tube feeding type, strength, amount, date, time, and initials


name: Monitor for growth, height or weight changes monthly, as appropriate


name: Monitor for conditions that increase risk for tube migration or dislocation (e.g., vomiting, retching, nasotracheal suction, agitation)


name: Monitor calorie, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin, and mineral intake for adequacy (or refer to dietitian) two times weekly initially, decreasing to once per month


name: Identify safety needs, based on level of physical and cognitive function, and past history of behavior


name: Remove environmental hazards (e.g., loose rugs, movable furniture)


name: Safeguard with side rails or side-rail padding, as appropriate


name: Escort during off-unit activities, as appropriate


name: Provide adaptive devices (e.g., step stools, handrails), as appropriate


name: Place furniture in room in arrangement that best accommodates disabilities


name: Provide clean, comfortable bed and environment


name: Neatly arrange supplies and linens that must remain in view


name: Block view of bathroom, commode, or other equipment used for elimination


name: Avoid unnecessary interruptions that may wake person from rest periods


name: Adjust environmental temperature to meet needs, if body temperature is altered


name: Provide music of choice and device for private listening when music may disturb others


name: Manipulate lighting and air for therapeutic benefit


name: Clean areas used for eating and drinking utensils before use


name: Individualize visiting restrictions to meet needs


name: Individualize daily routine to meet needs


name: Provide immediate and continuous means to summon nurse


name: Educate about changes and precautions, so no inadvertent disruption occurs


name: Provide information about making home environment safe


name: Instruct in building safe and peaceful care environment at home


name: Initiate screening for environmental health risks


name: Participate in interprofessional teams to identify threats to safety in community


name: Determine information about community culture in order to understand practices, beliefs, and values that affect health care


name: Remove barriers to accessing health services


name: Encourage relationships within community related to health promotion and disease prevention


name: Determine safety needs, based on physical, emotional, and cognitive function


name: Provide information for emergency contacts


name: Assist in relocating to safer environment (e.g., referral for housing assistance)


name: Instruct on need for air, light, and periodically cleaned environment


name: Collaborate with agencies to improve environmental safety (e.g., health department, Emergency Medical Services [EMS], Department of Human Services [DHS])


name: Notify agencies authorized to protect environment (e.g., health department, EMS, DHS)


name: Document situations of danger to person safety and mitigation actions


name: Encourage reporting of failures and adverse events to appropriate institutional department


name: Analyze level of risk (e.g., living habits, work, atmosphere, water, housing, food, waste, radiation, violence)


name: Use periodic exposure assessment for populations or at-risk locations


name: Maintain knowledge associated with specific environmental standards (e.g., Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], Occupation Safety and Health Administration [OSHA])


name: Collaborate with agencies to improve environmental safety


name: Encourage appropriate resources to eliminate and reduce use or formation of harmful agents


name: Ensure regular assessment and control measures are in place


name: Instruct in identification of situations involving environmental risks


name: Document populations, situations, and places at risk


name: Obtain health care provider approval for instituting exercise plan, as needed


name: Appraise health beliefs and desires about physical exercise


name: Determine motivation to begin or continue exercise program


name: Assist in identifying positive role model for maintaining exercise program


name: Assist to develop appropriate exercise program to meet needs


name: Assist to set short-term and long-term goals for exercise program


name: Assist to schedule regular periods for exercise program into weekly routine


name: Advise to use comfortable clothing, shoes, and socks


name: Instruct about water intake at least 2 hours before beginning of activity


name: Include family or caregivers in planning and maintaining exercise program


name: Inform about health benefits and physiological effects of exercise


name: Instruct about appropriate type of exercise for level of health, in collaboration with health care provider or exercise physiologist


name: Instruct about desired frequency, duration, and intensity of exercise program


name: Monitor adherence to exercise program or activity


name: Assist to prepare and maintain progress graph or chart to motivate adherence to exercise program


name: Instruct about conditions warranting cessation or alteration in exercise program


name: Instruct on proper warm-up and cool-down exercises


name: Instruct in techniques to avoid injury when exercising


name: Instruct in proper breathing techniques to maximize oxygen uptake during physical exercise


name: Provide reinforcement schedule to enhance motivation (e.g., increased endurance estimation, weekly weigh-in)


name: Conduct pre-exercise health screening to identify risks for exercise using standardized physical activity readiness scales or health history and physical examination


name: Obtain approval from health care provider for initiating strength-training program, as appropriate


name: Assist to express own beliefs, values, and goals for muscle fitness and health


name: Determine muscle fitness levels using exercise field or laboratory tests (e.g., maximum lift, number of lifts per unit of time)


name: Assist to develop home or work environment that facilitates engaging in exercise plan


name: Instruct to wear clothing that prevents overheating or cooling and not restrictive


name: Assist to develop strength training program consistent with muscle fitness level, musculoskeletal constraints, functional health goals, exercise equipment resources, personal preference, and social support


name: Provide age and health condition-compatible strength training program


name: Use standardized scales or instruments for functional assessment prior to strength training


name: Specify level of resistance, number of repetitions, number of sets and frequency of "training" sessions according to fitness level and presence or absence of exercise risk factors


name: Assist to talk through and perform prescribed movement patterns without weights until correct form learned


name: Modify movements and methods of applying resistance for chair-bound or bed-bound persons


name: Instruct to recognize signs and symptoms of exercise tolerance or intolerance during and after exercise sessions (e.g., light-headedness; dyspnea; more than usual muscle, skeletal, or joint pain; weakness; extreme fatigue; angina; profuse sweating; palpitations)


name: Assist to develop record-keeping system that includes amount of resistance, along with number of repetitions and sets to monitor progress in muscle fitness


name: Establish follow-up schedule to maintain motivation, to assist in problem solving, and to monitor progress


name: Collaborate with family and other health professionals (e.g., activity therapist, exercise physiologist, occupational therapist, recreational therapist, physical therapist) in planning, teaching, and monitoring muscle training program)


name: Obtain health care provider approval for instituting stretching exercise plan, as needed


name: Assist to explore beliefs, motivation, and level of neuromusculoskeletal fitness


name: Explain purposes for stretching (e.g., relaxation, muscle and joint prep for more vigorous exercise, flexibility, balance, functional independence)


name: Assist to develop schedule for exercise consistent with age, physical status, goals, motivation, and lifestyle


name: Assist to develop exercise plan that incorporates orderly sequence of stretching movements, increments in duration of hold phase of movement, and increments in number of repetitions for each slow-stretch-hold movement, consistent with level of musculoskeletal fitness or presence of pathology


name: Monitor exercise tolerance (i.e., presence of breathlessness, rapid pulse, pallor, lightheadedness, joint or muscle pain, or swelling) during exercise


name: Collaborate with family members in planning, teaching, and monitoring exercise plan


name: Assist to use footwear that facilitates walking and prevents injury


name: Monitor gait profile and clinical conditions before starting ambulation therapy


name: Encourage to sit in bed, on side of bed, or in chair, as tolerated


name: Instruct how to position self throughout transfer process


name: Use gait belt to assist with transfer and ambulation, as needed


name: Ensure removal of environmental barriers along route


name: Apply and provide assistive device (e.g., cane, walker, wheelchair) for ambulation, if unsteady


name: Assist with initial ambulation and as needed


name: Instruct about safe transfer and ambulation techniques


name: Monitor use of crutches, canes, or other walking aids


name: Assist to stand and ambulate specified distance and with specified number of staff


name: Assist to establish realistic increments in distance for ambulation


name: Determine ability to participate in activities requiring balance


name: Monitor motor functions through use of standardized instruments, as needed


name: Monitor situations that promote loss of balance


name: Instruct on importance of exercise therapy in maintaining and improving balance


name: Instruct on balance exercises such as standing on one leg, bending forward, stretching and resistance, as appropriate


name: Provide assistive devices (e.g., cane, walker, pillows, pads) to support in performing exercise


name: Assist to formulate realistic, measurable goals


name: Assist to participate in stretching exercises when lying, sitting, or standing


name: Assist to move to sitting position, stabilize trunk with arms placed at side on bed or chair, and rock trunk over supporting arms


name: Encourage to maintain wide base of support, if needed


name: Assist to practice standing with eyes closed for short periods at regular intervals to stimulate proprioception


name: Conduct home assessment to identify existing environmental and behavioral hazards if applicable


name: Refer to physical and occupational therapy for vestibular habituation training exercises


name: Collaborate with physical therapy in developing and executing exercise program


name: Determine motivation level for maintaining or restoring joint movement


name: Explain purpose and plan for joint exercises


name: Monitor location and nature of discomfort or pain during movement or activity


name: Monitor breathing pattern while performing exercise


name: Assist to optimal body position for passive and active joint movement


name: Encourage active range-of-motion (ROM) exercises, according to regular, planned schedule


name: Perform passive ROM exercises, as indicated


name: Instruct how to systematically perform passive, assisted, or active ROM exercises


name: Provide written instructions for exercise


name: Assist to develop schedule for active ROM exercises


name: Encourage to visualize body motion before beginning movement


name: Determine readiness to engage in activity or exercise protocol


name: Consult physical therapy to determine optimal position during exercise and number of repetitions for each movement pattern


name: Explain rationale for type of exercise and protocol


name: Provide privacy for exercising, if desired


name: Adjust lighting, room temperature, and noise level to enhance concentration for exercise activity


name: Initiate pain control measures before beginning exercise or activity


name: Assist to maintain trunk and proximal joint stability during motor activity


name: Assist to sitting or standing position for exercise protocol, as appropriate


name: Reinforce instructions about proper performance of exercises to minimize injury and maximize effectiveness


name: Identify any misperceptions of body image


name: Reorient to body awareness and movement functions of body


name: Encourage to visually scan affected side of body when performing ADLs or exercises, if indicated


name: Instruct to recite each movement as performed


name: Use visual aids to facilitate learning methods to perform ADLs or exercise movements, as appropriate


name: Provide restful environment after periods of exercise


name: Assist to develop exercise protocol for strength, endurance, and flexibility


name: Encourage to practice exercises independently, as indicated


name: Encourage to use warm-up and cool-down activities before and after exercise protocol


name: Use tactile (e.g., tapping) stimuli to minimize muscle spasm


name: Assist to prepare and maintain progress graph or chart for adherence with exercise protocol


name: Monitor emotional, cardiovascular, and functional responses to exercise protocol


name: Monitor self-exercise for correct performance


name: Evaluate progress toward enhancement and restoration of body movement and function


name: Provide positive reinforcement for efforts in exercise and physical activity


name: Assist to make prescribed revisions in home exercise plan, as indicated


name: Determine hemodynamic status using multiple parameters to evaluate clinical status and appropriateness for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy (ECMO) therapy (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate, pulses, jugular venous pressure, central venous pressure, right and left atrial and ventricular pressures, pulmonary artery pressure), as appropriate


name: Record baseline vital signs (e.g., temperature, pulse, respirations, blood pressure, weight)


name: Explain ECMO procedure and obtain informed consent


name: Determine type of ECMO needed (i.e., using a vein and an artery [VA ECMO] for problems with both heart and lungs, or using one or more veins near heart [VV ECMO] for problems only in lungs)


name: Assist as needed with initiation of ECMO cannulation, assuring time out for procedure and presence of properly trained staff (e.g., respiratory therapist, surgical team, nurses)


name: Ensure proper sedation, paralysis, anticoagulation and ventilation, as prescribed


name: Obtain post-cannulation radiology studies (e.g., anterior posterior chest or abdomen or both)


name: Initiate ECMO, according to protocol, increasing blood flow until respiratory and hemodynamic targets are met


name: Maintain blood flow at set rate determined by achievement of respiratory and hemodynamic targets, while providing continuous venous oximetry


name: Maintain anticoagulation with continuous IV infusion of unfractionated heparin or direct thrombin inhibitor to achieve an activated clotting time (ACT) of 180 to 210 seconds


name: Reduce ACT target if bleeding occurs, as prescribed


name: Monitor platelet counts and maintain level above 50,000/mL, per protocol


name: Monitor hemoglobin and maintain level within normal range


name: Adjust ventilator settings to prevent barotrauma, ventilator-induced lung injury, and oxygen toxicity, as prescribed


name: Monitor urine output and laboratory values to determine adequacy of kidney function


name: Monitor for signs of infection and poor perfusion such as increased lactic acid level, metabolic acidosis, decreased urine output, and increased liver enzymes


name: Monitor lower limbs for signs of ischemia, coolness, or mottling of feet


name: Conduct daily wakeup and hourly pupil checks to monitor neurological status


name: Practice diligent repositioning to prevent skin breakdown


name: Provide for care with two-member team (e.g., ECMO specialist, nurse)


name: Ensure team includes ECMO specialist nurse providing 24-hour, 7-day ECMO care and supported by perfusionist backup for technical aspects of circuit management


name: Ensure that ECMO order sets are available for machine priming, daily parameters, circuit settings, parameters for blood transfusions and orders for radiology (e.g., echocardiogram for symptoms)


name: Ensure instructions available for all perfusionists or nurses in charge of ECMO machine


name: Monitor daily and routine laboratory values per protocol


name: Monitor anticoagulation status and adjust settings per protocol and order sets


name: Ensure instructions available to alert ECMO health care providers, as needed


name: Check person-circuit interactions per protocols and order sets (e.g., flow rate, pressure, temperature, pH level, conductivity, clots, air detector, negative pressure for ultrafiltration, blood sensor) to ensure safety


name: Manage clinical needs through continuous surveillance and troubleshooting to prevent and manage circuit emergencies


name: Monitor blood pressure, pulse, respirations, temperature, and response continuously during ECMO therapy


name: Ensure interprofessional team is involved in plan of care (e.g., physical therapy, occupational therapy, nutritionist, case management)


name: Compare post-ECMO vitals and blood chemistries to pre-ECMO values


name: Document tolerance of procedure and achievement of outcomes, as appropriate


name: Explain procedures regardless of level of consciousness


name: Monitor corneal reflex and determine if pupils are equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation (e.g., PERRLA)


name: Place in supine position prior to any procedures


name: Use clean warm washcloth or cotton balls moistened with warm water or saline to cleanse


name: Apply eye shield and alternate as needed for vision, as appropriate


name: Apply lubricating eye drops or ointments, as appropriate


name: Keep movement from inner aspect or nasal area to outer aspect when cleansing eye


name: Start with cleanest eye first when doing procedures to both eyes


name: Ensure new separate swab, cotton ball, or corner of washcloth used for each eye


name: Avoid sharing swabs or shields between eyes


name: Perform eye care every 4 hours or as prescribed


name: Adjust eye care frequency when receiving oxygen therapies that dry eyes


name: Instruct on wearing sunglasses and hats to avoid or reduce ultraviolet sun exposure


name: Instruct on proper eye care, as indicated


name: Instruct on regular eye examinations (i.e., age 65 and older need comprehensive dilated eye exams every year)


name: Follow six rights of medication administration if medication administered


name: Identify using at least two identifiers (e.g., name, birthdate)


name: Determine knowledge of medication and understanding of method of administration or procedure


name: Position lying on side with affected eye down


name: Place basin next to eye to catch drainage


name: Prepare to expose upper and lower lids if irrigating in stages (i.e., first hold lower lid down, then hold upper lid up)


name: Use slight pressure on bony prominences of eye orbits to keep eyelids in place and prevent reflexive blinking


name: Hold eye irrigator 2.5 cm (1 inch) above eye to avoid excessive pressure while irrigating


name: Irrigate eye directing solution onto conjunctival area from inner canthus to outer canthus


name: Avoid irrigating toward nasal lacrimal duct


name: Irrigate until solution leaving eye is clear, or as ordered for medication


name: Instruct to close and move eye periodically during irrigation to enhance secretion or debris removal


name: Wipe eyelids from inner to outer canthus when cleansing


name: Identify cognitive or physical deficits that may increase risk of falling


name: Identify characteristics of environment that increase potential for falls (e.g., slippery floors, rugs, open stairways)


name: Institute fall safety guideline (e.g., signage, colored clothing, bracelet), per facility policy


name: Evaluate gait, balance, and fatigue level with ambulation


name: Encourage use of cane, walker, or gait belt as appropriate


name: Instruct on use of cane, walker, or gait belt as appropriate


name: Lock wheels of wheelchair, bed, or gurney during transfer


name: Instruct to call for assistance with movement, as appropriate


name: Post signs to remind to call for help when getting out of bed, as appropriate


name: Provide elevated toilet seat for easy transfer, as needed


name: Provide sleeping surface close to floor, as needed


name: Remove low-lying furniture (e.g., footstools, tables) and clutter on floor surface


name: Provide nonslip surfaces in bathtub, shower, and floor surfaces


name: Ensure shoes fit properly, fasten securely, and have non-skid soles


name: Instruct to wear prescription glasses, as appropriate


name: Educate about risk factors that contribute to falls and ways to decrease risks


name: Instruct on importance of handrails for stairs, bathrooms, and walkways


name: Assist in identifying and modifying hazards in home


name: Instruct to avoid ice and other slippery outdoor surfaces


name: Develop ways to participate safely in leisure activities


name: Institute routine physical exercise program that includes walking


name: Collaborate with interprofessional team to minimize side effects of medications that contribute to falling (e.g., orthostatic hypotension, unsteady gait)


name: Provide close supervision and safety devices


name: Institute fall safety agreement, as appropriate


name: Maintain crib side rails in elevated position when caregiver not present, as appropriate


name: Fasten latches securely on access panel of incubator when leaving bedside of infant in incubator


name: Educate parents about the effects of sleep deprivation on family functioning


name: Obtain consensus from interprofessional team for family's presence and timing of family's presence


name: Apprise situation to determine when appropriate for family presence


name: Minimize risk of physical presence by following appropriate infection control guidelines


name: Communicate proactively so families are aware of any restrictions


name: Provide specifically trained team members (e.g., chaplain, nurse, social worker) to be designated for family, who can handle difficult and exceptional family situations


name: Clearly state compassionate exceptions to infection control or other restrictions


name: Use shared decision-making approach to communicate risks and benefits in cases where family can be physically present


name: Invite family presence during resuscitation, as appropriate


name: Introduce self and other members of interprofessional team to family and person


name: Ensure family has been informed about what to expect (e.g., what they will see, hear, smell, condition of person, equipment used)


name: Inform family to report if they feel faint or ill


name: Ensure family members are not left unattended


name: Apprise interprofessional team of family's emotional reaction to person's condition, as appropriate


name: Obtain information concerning person's status, response to treatment, identified needs


name: Provide timely information and explanations to family of person's status, response to treatment and identified needs, in understandable terms


name: Enlist family to assist in assuring other members abide by established safety protocols, if indicated


name: Use person's name when speaking to family


name: Determine person's and family's emotional, physical, psychosocial, and spiritual support needs and initiate measures to meet those needs, as needed


name: Provide opportunity for family to ask questions, to see, touch, or speak to person before transfers


name: Assist person or family members in making telephone calls, as needed


name: Enhance discharge education and follow-up to support successful transitions of care (e.g., hospice)


name: Provide comfort measures and support, including appropriate referrals, as needed


name: Participate in evaluation of staff emotional needs


name: Assist in identifying need for critical incident stress debriefing and individual defusing of events


name: Determine food, cultural, or religious preferences and incorporate into feeding routines


name: Create pleasant environment during mealtime, removing unnecessary equipment and supplies


name: Provide oral hygiene before meals, as needed


name: Fix food on tray as prefers (e.g., cutting meat, opening packages)


name: Maintain in upright position with head and neck flexed slightly forward during feeding


name: Place food within vision area if has visual-field defect


name: Ask to indicate when finished, as appropriate


name: Provide drinking straw, as needed or desired


name: Provide finger foods or preferred foods and drinks, as appropriate


name: Maintain attention to person while they are eating


name: Encourage parents or family to feed person


name: Encourage to eat in dining room if available


name: Provide adaptive devices to facilitate feeding self (e.g., long handles, handle with large circumference, small strap on utensils) as needed


name: Monitor body weight, hydration status, and laboratory values, as appropriate


name: Instruct person and family on methods to assist with feeding needs


name: Determine current use of healthcare system and financial effect


name: Assist to identify financial needs, including analysis of assets and liabilities


name: Determine cognitive ability to read, fill out forms, manage money


name: Assist to develop plan to prioritize daily living needs


name: Devise plan of care to encourage person or family to access appropriate levels of care in most cost-effective manner


name: Inform of services available through state and federal programs


name: Determine whether eligible for waiver programs


name: Refer person who may be eligible for state or federally funded programs to appropriate individuals


name: Inform of available resources and assist in accessing resources (e.g., medication assistance program, county relief program)


name: Assist to develop budget or make referral to appropriate financial resource person (e.g., financial planner, estate planner, consumer counselor), as needed


name: Assist to fill out applications for available resources, as needed


name: Assist in long-term care placement planning, as needed


name: Assist to assure money in secure place (e.g., bank), as needed


name: Assist in obtaining burial fund, as appropriate


name: Represent economic needs at multidisciplinary conferences, as needed


name: Collaborate with community agencies to provide needed services


name: Administer medication (e.g., prophylactic antibiotic, vaccination, antihistamine, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic), as appropriate


name: Develop cost-benefit analysis of programs and services


name: Maintain budget appropriate to services provided


name: Solicit matched contributions that support programs and services


name: Use appropriate accounting methods to ensure accurate and designated use of funds


name: Determine baseline fluid status (e.g., overloaded, dehydrated, normovolemic)


name: Monitor for changes in fluid status using regularly obtained data (e.g., weights, laboratory values, vital signs)


name: Conduct medication reconciliation to determine medications influencing fluid balance


name: Treat underlying cause of fluid imbalance where possible (e.g., overuse of diuretics, congestive heart failure, hyperglycemia)


name: Maintain accurate intake (e.g., IV, oral) and output record (e.g., urinary void, urinary catheter, incontinence briefs, weighed diapers)


name: Monitor hydration status (e.g., moist mucous membranes, adequacy of pulses, orthostatic blood pressure, fontanel appearance, skin turgor), as appropriate


name: Monitor vital signs and hemodynamic status


name: Monitor for indications of fluid overload or retention (e.g., crackles, elevated CVP or pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, edema, neck vein distention, ascites), as appropriate


name: Monitor for indications of dehydration (e.g., dry mucous membranes, weak peripheral pulses, flat neck or hand veins, decreased urine output, dizziness, syncope)


name: Monitor location and extent of edema if present


name: Administer IV therapy at room temperature, as prescribed


name: Administer prescribed diuretics and fluid regulating medications (e.g., aldosterone, electrolytes, albumin), as appropriate


name: Promote oral intake (e.g., provide drinking straw; offer fluids between meals; change ice water routinely; make freezer pops using child's favorite juice; cut gelatin into fun squares; use small medicine cups), as appropriate


name: Provide fluids that observe prescribed dietary restrictions (e.g., sugar-free, low-sodium, thickened)


name: Instruct on nothing by mouth (NPO) status, as appropriate


name: Encourage significant other to assist with feedings, as appropriate


name: Monitor response to prescribed electrolyte therapy


name: Consult health care provider if signs and symptoms of fluid volume excess persist or worsen


name: Prepare for administration of blood products (i.e., check blood with identification and prepare infusion setup), as appropriate


name: Monitor response to therapies at least every 2 hours


name: Instruct related to fluid intake or restriction, medications influencing fluid balance and dietary intake for maintaining adequate fluid balance


name: Instruct related to signs and symptoms of fluid imbalances


name: Determine current foot care practices and routines


name: Inspect skin of feet, including ankles, for irritation, cracks, lesions, corns, calluses, deformities, or edema


name: Inspect shoes for proper fit, noting areas of wear


name: Monitor gait and weight distribution on feet


name: Monitor hydration level of feet, arterial insufficiency in lower legs, and lower extremity edema


name: Wash feet or administer foot soaks, as needed


name: Apply lotion or moisture-absorbing powder, if indicated


name: Inspect nails for thickness or discoloration


name: Clean nails and cut normal thickness toenails when soft, using toenail clipper and using curve of toe as guide, following agency protocol for trimming nails


name: Use emery board to file nails to ensure smooth corners


name: Recommend assistance of significant other with foot care if vision impaired or if mobility problems


name: Instruct to inspect inside of shoes for rough areas


name: Instruct to monitor temperature of feet using back of hand


name: Instruct in importance of regular inspection, especially when sensation diminished


name: Assist in developing plan for daily foot assessment and care at home


name: Instruct to use mirror or assistance of another to carry out foot inspection, as needed


name: Advise daily washing of feet using warm water and mild soap


name: Advise thoroughly drying feet after washing them, especially between toes


name: Instruct to hydrate skin daily by brief soaking, bathing in room-temperature water or application of emollient


name: Advise regarding when to contact health professional, including presence of nonhealing or infected lesions


name: Caution about potential sources of injury to feet, (e.g., heat, cold, cutting corns or calluses, chemicals, strong antiseptics or astringents, adhesive tape, going barefoot or wearing thongs or open-toe shoes)


name: Instruct on proper technique for toenail trimming, (i.e., cutting relatively straight across, following contour of toe, and filing sharp edges with emery board)


name: Instruct on care of soft calluses, including gentle buffing with towel or pumice stone after bath


name: Recommend specialist care for thick or ingrown toenails, corns, calluses, or bony deformities, as indicated


name: Recommend appropriate shoes (i.e., low heeled with shoe shape that matches foot shape; adequate depth of toe box; soles made of material that will absorb shock; adjustable fit by lace or straps; uppers made of breathable, soft, and flexible materials; changes made for gait and limb-length disorders; and potential for modification, if necessary)


name: Recommend appropriate socks, (i.e., absorbent and non-constricting)


name: Recommend guidelines to follow when purchasing new shoes, including having feet properly measured and fitted at time of purchase


name: Recommend wearing new shoes only few hours at a time for first 2 weeks


name: Communicate God's/higher power's or inner self 's forgiveness through prayer, scripture, other readings, as appropriate


name: Determine desired change in social, physical, behavioral, spiritual, or group dynamics (e.g., relaxation, stimulation, concentration, stress reduction, physical activity)


name: Describe purpose of gardening and skills needed for successful experience including pacing physical activity, observational skills and tasks needed for optimal plant growth, and time of activities


name: Identify gardening preferences (e.g., indoor, outdoor, seasonal, location, time commitment)


name: Choose plants (e.g., vegetables, flowers, herbs) and garden location (e.g., indoor, outdoor, raised beds) preferences


name: Limit exposure to extraneous physical stress (e.g., excessive heat, cold, rain, lightning)


name: Adapt gardening activities to endurance levels and abilities


name: Make gardening equipment, fertilizer, and water available


name: Provide educational materials at appropriate learning level


name: Allow time for self-reflection, group interchange, and therapeutic evaluation


name: Actively encourage participation with others to promote social interaction


name: Monitor quality, transformation, and quantity of plants and produce


name: Monitor physical, social, and therapeutic response


name: Debrief regularly on challenges and benefits of gardening


name: Determine knowledge base, myths, perceptions, and misperceptions related to genetic conditions


name: Explore confirmed genetic risk factors to determine level of understanding


name: Determine purpose, goals, and agenda for genetic counseling session


name: Determine presence and quality of support systems and previous coping skills


name: Explore estimates of risk, based upon phenotype (e.g., person characteristics), family history (e.g., pedigree analysis), calculated risk information, or genotype (e.g., genetic testing results)


name: Provide estimates of occurrence or recurrence risk for person and at-risk family members


name: Provide information on natural history of disease or condition, treatment and management strategies, prognostic information, and prevention strategies, if known


name: Provide information about risks, benefits, and limitations of treatment or management options, as well as options for dealing with recurrence risk


name: Provide decision-making support as persons consider their options


name: Monitor response when person learns about own genetic risk factors


name: Allow and stimulate expression of feelings


name: Record summary of genetic counseling session, as indicated


name: Assist in identifying nature of attachment to lost object or person


name: Consider social context of person experiencing loss


name: Assist to identify initial reaction to loss


name: Encourage expression of memories of loss, both past and current


name: Assure that grief is natural reaction to experiencing loss


name: Assure that everyone experiences grief in own unique way


name: Explain phases of grieving process, as appropriate


name: Encourage to implement cultural, religious, and social customs associated with loss


name: Recommend attending grief support group, if appropriate


name: Determine capability for doing non-nurse guided imagery (e.g., alone or with tape)


name: Determine willingness to engage in reflection processes


name: Determine if concern or experience appropriate for guided reflection process


name: Select strategies for engaging in reflection activities (e.g., in person, internet, telehealth, written reflection)


name: Establish therapeutic relationship based on trust and respect


name: Identify focus of guided reflection with person


name: Monitor feelings and emotions expressed during reflection


name: Assist to describe what occurred (e.g., What, where and when did this happen? What did you do? In what order did things occur? What was the result?)


name: Ask to describe what they were thinking and feeling about event (e.g., What was your initial reaction? What were you thinking or feeling during and after situation? What do you think about it now?)


name: Support expression of thoughts and feelings through use of silence and active listening


name: Encourage to think-aloud while examining experience to enhance clarity


name: Assist in evaluating experience (e.g., What went well? What were the challenges? Who or what was unhelpful? What needs improvement?)


name: Assist in clarifying misinformation or inaccuracies, if indicated


name: Assist in seeking needed information and resources


name: Assist in finding meaning in situation (e.g., What similarities or differences are there between this experience and other experiences? What choices did you make and what effect did they have? What did you do well? What went wrong or did not turn out how it should have done?)


name: Explore other actions or choices that could have been taken (e.g., What factors do you believe affected the outcome? What are some alternative actions or approaches?)


name: Explore different choices for future occurrences of same situation (e.g., If similar situation or experience arose again, what would you do? What might you do to increase likelihood of positive outcomes and minimize likelihood of undesirable outcomes? What did you learn from this experience?)


name: Explore progress toward resolution at appropriate intervals


name: End session by encouraging reflection on discussion and what was learned, as appropriate


name: Refer to counseling, support group, or other health care providers at end of session, if indicated


name: Touch the patient's body to help him or her ground or connect with the earth's energy if they experience dizziness when getting up


name: Establish working relationship with interprofessional team


name: Participate in orientation of interprofessional team


name: Assist health care providers to learn routines of care unit


name: Encourage use of structured communication tool (e.g., Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation [SBAR]) to foster clear communication as needed


name: Create and use system to inform interprofessional team of assigned caregivers


name: Coach residents and health care providers through unfamiliar routines


name: Alert interprofessional team to changes in scheduled procedures


name: Discuss care concerns or practice-related issues directly with health care provider involved


name: Encourage to voice concerns to interprofessional team


name: Report changes in status, as appropriate


name: Participate in bedside rounds and interprofessional care teams, as appropriate


name: Participate on interprofessional committees to address clinical issues


name: Use interprofessional projects and committees as forums


name: Provide information to appropriate interprofessional team


name: Follow up interprofessional team requests for new equipment or supplies


name: Provide feedback to interprofessional team about changes in practice, equipment, and staffing


name: Include interprofessional team on in-services for new equipment or practice changes


name: Encourage interprofessional team to participate in collaborative education programs


name: Support collaborative research and quality improvement activities


name: Target needs identified in United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals, Healthy People 2030: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives, or other local, state, and national needs


name: Identify internal or external individual, group or community factors that may enhance or reduce motivation for healthy behavior


name: Determine type and focus of health education program (e.g., physical health, social health, emotional and mental health, spiritual health)


name: Determine personal context and social-cultural history of health behavior


name: Determine current health knowledge and lifestyle behaviors


name: Assist in clarifying health beliefs and values


name: Identify ethnic and cultural background, family and community support, social environment, accommodation, religion, spiritual beliefs and lifestyle factors


name: Prioritize individual learner needs based on person preference and needs, skills of nurse, resources available, and likelihood of successful goal attainment