extrinsic component of postsynaptic endosome membrane

The component of the postsynaptic endosome membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


dense body

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

An electron dense body which may contain granules.


regulation of cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cell differentiation that contributes to the progression of the placenta over time, from its initial condition to its mature state.


RNA polymerase I preinitiation complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription from an RNA polymerase I promoter.


RNA polymerase I general transcription initiation factor binding

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Binding to an RNA polymerase I transcription factor, a protein required to initiate or regulate transcription by RNA polymerase I.


regulation of response to DNA integrity checkpoint signaling

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to DNA integrity checkpoint signaling.


lactose binding

Binding to lactose, a disaccharide of glucose and galactose, the carbohydrate of milk.


prostaglandin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandins, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring.


regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to insulin stimulus.


dendritic transport

The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules in dendrites.


negative regulation of Kit signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Kit signaling pathway.


negative regulation of mast cell activation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation.


regulation of Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway..


glycerol-3-phosphate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of glycerol-3-phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycerol-3-phosphate is a phosphoric monoester of glycerol.


The process in which glycerol-3-phosphate is transported across a membrane. Glycerol-3-phosphate is a phosphoric monoester of glycerol.


negative regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation

The process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of granule cell precursor proliferation.


cerebellar granular layer maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the cerebellar granular layer to attain its fully functional state. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer.


laminin receptor activity

Combining with a laminin, a glycoprotein that constitutes the majority of proteins in the basement membrane, to initiate a change in cell activity.


neutrophil-mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

The directed killing of a gram-negative bacterium by a neutrophil.


calcium-dependent cell-matrix adhesion

The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules that require the presence of calcium for the interaction.


regulation of antimicrobial humoral response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an antimicrobial humoral response.


positive regulation of appetite

Any process that increases appetite.


negative regulation of locomotion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of locomotion of a cell or organism.


perinucleolar chromocenter

A chromocenter adjacent to the nucleolus.


reverse cholesterol transport

The directed movement of peripheral cell cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, towards the liver for catabolism.


snoRNA binding

Binding to a small nucleolar RNA.


dense fibrillar component

A structure found in the nucleolus, which contains newly synthesized preribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) and a collection of proteins.


Catalysis of the reaction: diphospho-1D-myo-inositol polyphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol polyphosphate + phosphate.


positive regulation of androgen receptor activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of androgen receptor activity.


regulation of tolerance induction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction.


negative regulation of histone acetylation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of an acetyl group to a histone protein.


polyphosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a polyphosphate, the anion or salt of polyphosphoric acid.


tachykinin receptor signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by tachykinin binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. Tachykinin is a short peptide with the terminal sequence (Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2).


positive regulation of saliva secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of saliva.


neural nucleus development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neural nucleus from its initial condition to its mature state. A neural nucleus is an anatomical structure consisting of a discrete aggregate of neuronal soma.


interleukin-15 production

The appearance of interleukin-15 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


RNA lariat debranching enzyme activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of branched RNA structures that contain vicinal 2'-5'- and 3'-5'-phosphodiester bonds at a branch point nucleotide.


regulation of blood vessel branching

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel branching.


regulation of JUN kinase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity.


U11/U12 snRNP

A ribonucleoprotein complex that is formed by the association of the U11 and U12 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins.


monosaccharide binding

Binding to a monosaccharide. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates; they are polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H or polyhydroxy ketones H[CHOH]nC(=O)[CHOH]mH with three or more carbon atoms. They form the constitutional repeating units of oligo- and polysaccharides.


regulation of viral life cycle

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of viral life cycle.


ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding

Binding to a ubiquitin-like protein ligase, such as ubiquitin-ligase.


negative regulation of transmembrane transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other.


negative regulation of transporter activity

Any process that stops or reduces the activity of a transporter.


1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate(2-)

The dianion of 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate.


negative regulation of cytokinesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell, and its separation into two daughter cells.


small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of potassium by a channel with a unit conductance of 2 to 20 picoSiemens that opens in response to stimulus by internal calcium ions. Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels are more sensitive to calcium than are large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Transport by a channel involves catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a solute (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel, without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.


C-X-C chemokine receptor activity

Combining with a C-X-C chemokine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. A C-X-C chemokine has a single amino acid between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four cysteine motif.


renal potassium excretion

The elimination of potassium ions from peritubular capillaries (or surrounding hemolymph in invertebrates) into the renal tubules to be incorporated subsequently into the urine.


lipid tube assembly involved in organelle fusion

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a macromolecular complex that contains a tube of lipid surrounded by a protein coat involved in membrane shaping of vesicle membranes as organelles fuse.


cell-cell adhesion mediator activity

The binding by a cell-adhesion protein on the cell surface to an extracellular matrix component, to mediate adhesion of the cell to another cell.


protection from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

The process of protecting a cell from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity.


protein-disulfide reductase (glutathione) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + protein-disulfide = glutathione disulfide+ protein-dithiol.


mitochondrial inner membrane peptidase complex

Protease complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane, consisting of at least two subunits, involved in processing of both nuclear- and mitochondrially-encoded proteins targeted to the intermembrane space.


protein processing involved in protein targeting to mitochondrion

The cleavage of peptide bonds in proteins, usually near the N terminus, contributing to the process of import into the mitochondrion. Several different peptidases mediate cleavage of proteins destined for different mitochondrial compartments.


behavioral response to starvation

Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of deprivation of nourishment.


rhythmic process

Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism.


ribonucleoside triphosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


regulation of interleukin-2 production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-2 production.


pyrimidine- and adenosine-specific:sodium symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: (pyrimidine nucleoside or adenosine)(out) + Na+(out) = (pyrimidine nucleoside or adenosine)(in) + Na+(in).


purine-specific nucleoside:sodium symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: purine(out) + Na+(out) = nucleoside(in) + Na+(in).


pyrimidine nucleoside transport

The directed movement of a pyrimidine nucleoside, a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


establishment of Sertoli cell barrier

Establishment of a structure near the basement membrane in adjacent Sertoli cells of the seminiferous epithelium for maintaining spermatogenesis. The structure consists of tight junctions, basal ectoplasmic specializations, and desmosome-like junctions.


glycine secretion, neurotransmission

The controlled release of glycine by a cell, in which glycine acts as a neurotransmitter.


regulation of hormone secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.


positive regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the growth hormone receptor signaling pathway. The growth hormone receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of growth hormone receptor binding to its physiological ligand.


clathrin heavy chain binding

Binding to a clathrin heavy chain.


regulation of Rac protein signal transduction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rac protein signal transduction.


cellular response to toxic substance

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus.


histone H3R2 methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (histone H3)-arginine (position 2) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (histone H3)-N-methyl-arginine (position 2). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the arginine residue at position 2 of histone H3.


negative regulation of collateral sprouting in absence of injury

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of collateral sprouting in the absence of injury.


interleukin-8 production

The appearance of interleukin-8 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of low-density lipoprotein particle receptors.


pyrimidine nucleotide-sugar transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a pyrimidine nucleotide-sugar from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyrimidine nucleotide-sugars are pyrimidine nucleotides in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative.


pyrimidine nucleotide-sugar transmembrane transport

The process in which a pyrimidine nucleotide-sugar is transported across a membrane. Pyrimidine nucleotide-sugars are pyrimidine nucleotides in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative.


amino acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents.


cellular response to arsenic-containing substance

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenic stimulus from compounds containing arsenic, including arsenates, arsenites, and arsenides.


negative regulation of viral process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant.


N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase D activity

Catalysis of the release of N-acylethanolamine from N-acyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (NAPE) to generate N-acylethanolamine (NAE).


Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex

A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul3 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by a BTB-domain-containing protein.


hepatocyte growth factor receptor binding

Binding to an hepatocyte growth factor receptor.


AP-2 adaptor complex

A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits, and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle, and the cargo receptors during receptor/clathrin mediated endocytosis. Vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles. In at least humans, the AP-2 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different alpha genes (alphaA and alphaC).


phosphatidylinositol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid with its sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol.


indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tryptophan + O2 = N-formylkynurenine. The product of the reaction depends on the substrate; D-tryptophan produces N-formyl-D-kynurenine, and L-tryptophan produces N-formyl-L-kynurenine.


tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including kynurenine.


regulation of macrophage chemotaxis

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage chemotaxis. Macrophage chemotaxis is the movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1D-myo-inositol 5-diphosphate pentakisphosphate = ADP + 1D-myo-inositol bisdiphosphate tetrakisphosphate.


amino-acid betaine transport

The directed movement of betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


proline transmembrane transport

The directed movement of proline, pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid, across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


gamma-tubulin complex localization

Any process in which a gamma-tubulin complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


podocyte cell migration

The orderly movement of a podocyte from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism or multicellular structure. A podocyte is a specialized kidney epithelial cell.


regulation of focal adhesion assembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion formation, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions.


regulation of fibroblast migration

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium.


inter-Golgi cisterna vesicle-mediated transport

The directed movement of substances from one Golgi cisterna to another, mediated by small transport vesicles.


isoleucyl-tRNA aminoacylation

The process of coupling isoleucine to isoleucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. The isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a isoleucine-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.


negative regulation of heat generation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of heat generation.


negative regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate, or extent of the self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another in a behavioral context; the aspect of locomotory behavior having to do with movement.


androsterone dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)+ + androsterone = NAD(P)H + H+ + 5-alpha-androstane-3,17-dione.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylgalactosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


cellular response to genistein

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a genistein stimulus.


The conjugate base of a 6-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl)-1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol compound.


A multienzyme, heterooligomeric complex involved in dolichyl-linked oligosaccharide synthesis. In yeast the complex is composed of Alg7p, which catalyzes the first step (GlcNAc1-PP-Dol from dolichol-phosphate and UDP-GlcNAc), and Alg13p plus Alg14p, the catalytic and anchoring subunits respectively, which together catalyze the second step (GlcNAc2-PP-dolichol from GlcNAc1-PP-Dol and UDP-GlcNAc) of dolichyl-linked oligosaccharide synthesis.


endosome fission

The process by which early and late endosomes undergo budding and fission reactions that separate regions destined for lysosomal degradation from carriers to be recycled to the plasma membrane.


high-density lipoprotein particle receptor activity

Combining with a high-density lipoprotein particle and delivering the high-density lipoprotein into the cell via endocytosis.


endolysosome

An transient hybrid organelle formed by fusion of a late endosome with a lysosome, and in which active degradation takes place.


heme export

The directed movement of heme out of a cell or organelle.


negative regulation of fibrinolysis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots.


positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte chemotaxis.


negative regulation of GTP binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of GTP binding.


carnosine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the dipeptide beta-alanyl-L-histidine (carnosine).


creatine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of creatine from one side of a membrane to the other. Creatine is a compound synthesized from the amino acids arginine, glycine, and methionine that occurs in muscle.


creatine transmembrane transport

The directed movement of creatine across a membrane.


lateral sprouting involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis

The process in which a branch forms along the side of a mammary duct.


tube closure

Creation of the central hole of a tube in an anatomical structure by sealing the edges of an epithelial fold.


long-chain 2,3-trans-enoyl CoA(4-)

A 2,3-trans-enoyl CoA(4-) obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of any long-chain 2,3-trans-enoyl CoA (long-chain = chain length between C13 and C22); major species at pH 7.3.


A 3-enoyl-CoA in which the beta C=C double bond has trans stereochemistry.


trace-amine receptor activity

Combining with a trace amine to initiate a change in cell activity. Trace amines are biogenic amines that are synthesized from aromatic amino acids and are substrates for monoamine oxidase, and are therefore detectable only at trace levels in mammals.


G protein-coupled amine receptor activity

Combining with an extracellular amine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


detection of chemical stimulus

The series of events in which a chemical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


APOC1_HUMAN Apolipoprotein C-I (sprot)

An apolipoprotein C-I that is encoded in the genome of human.


APOC4_HUMAN Apolipoprotein C-IV (sprot)

An apolipoprotein C-IV that is encoded in the genome of human.


farnesylated protein binding

Binding to a farnesylated protein.


GUC1C_HUMAN Guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 3 (sprot)

A guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GUC1A_HUMAN Guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 1 (sprot)

A guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GUC1B_HUMAN Guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 2 (sprot)

A guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


symporter activity

Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy.


alpha-beta T cell activation

The change in morphology and behavior of an alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.


membrane raft polarization

The clustering and aggregation of a membrane into domains. This serves as a mechanism to compartmentalize cellular activities and to establish cell polarity.


ER-associated misfolded protein catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of misfolded proteins transported from the endoplasmic reticulum and targeted to cytoplasmic proteasomes for degradation.


Holliday junction resolvase complex

An endodeoxyribonuclease complex that resolves the 4-way DNA intermediates of a Holliday junction into two separate duplex DNA molecules. Can be branch-migration associated.


crossover junction DNA endonuclease activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage at a junction such as a reciprocal single-stranded crossover between two homologous DNA duplexes (Holliday junction).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction chloride(in) + 2 hydrogencarbonate(out) + Na+(out) = chloride(out) + 2 hydrogencarbonate(in) + Na+(in).


U7 snRNP

A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the U7 snRNA and is required for the 3'-end processing of replication-dependent histone pre-mRNAs.


non-tyrosine kinase fibroblast growth factor receptor activity

Combining with fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other by a mechanism independent of tyrosine kinase activity.


RRP8_HUMAN Ribosomal RNA-processing protein 8 (sprot)

A ribosomal RNA-processing protein 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ribonuclease MRP complex

A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains an RNA molecule of the snoRNA family, and cleaves the rRNA precursor as part of rRNA transcript processing. It also has other roles: In S. cerevisiae it is involved in cell cycle-regulated degradation of daughter cell-specific mRNAs, while in mammalian cells it also enters the mitochondria and processes RNAs to create RNA primers for DNA replication.


ribonuclease MRP activity

Catalysis of the site-specific cleavage of RNA by a catalytic RNA-mediated mechanism; substrates include the A3 site in the ITS1 of pre-rRNA.


fatty acid ligase activity

Catalysis of the ligation of a fatty acid to an acceptor, coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.


artery vasodilation involved in baroreceptor response to increased systemic arterial blood pressure

An increase in the internal diameter of an artery, triggered by vasomotor suppression, during the chemoreceptor response to decreased blood pressure.


negative regulation of nervous system process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a neurophysiological process.


DNA replication, synthesis of RNA primer

The synthesis of a short RNA polymer, usually 4-15 nucleotides long, using one strand of unwound DNA as a template; the RNA then serves as a primer from which DNA polymerases extend synthesis.


N-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the nitrogen atom of an acceptor molecule.


Misoprostol

A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form.


Chloral Hydrate

An organochlorine compound that is the hydrate of trichloroacetaldehyde.


intracellular monoatomic ion homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of monoatomic ions within a cell. Monatomic ions (also called simple ions) are ions consisting of exactly one atom.


fucose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving fucose, or 6-deoxygalactose, which has two enantiomers, D-fucose and L-fucose.


post-embryonic eye morphogenesis

The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized. The eye is the organ of sight.


Combining with the sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein.


positive regulation of ligase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a deoxyribonucleotide, a compound consisting of deoxyribonucleoside (a base linked to a deoxyribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.


deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


L-glutamate uniporter activity

Catalysis of the active transport of a L-glutamate across a membrane by a mechanism involving conformational change, where energy for active transport is derived from membrane potential if the solute is charged.


cellular response to camptothecin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a camptothecin stimulus.


pigment accumulation in tissues

The aggregation of coloring matter in a particular location in a tissue, occurring in response to an external stimulus.


phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol bisphosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol phosphate + phosphate.


pheromone receptor activity

Combining with a pheromone to initiate a change in cell activity. A pheromone is a substance used in olfactory communication between organisms of the same species eliciting a change in sexual or social behavior.


ferritin receptor activity

Combining with ferritin, and delivering ferritin into the cell via endocytosis.


positive regulation of mast cell activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation.


formate transport

The directed movement of formate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


single-stranded DNA-dependent ATP-dependent DNA helicase complex

A protein complex that possesses single-stranded DNA-dependent DNA helicase activity.


single-stranded DNA helicase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, in the presence of single-stranded DNA; drives the unwinding of a DNA helix.


regulation of glycogen catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen.


positive regulation of miRNA metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of miRNA metabolic process.


regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death.


positive regulation of protein localization to synapse

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to synapse.


glossopharyngeal nerve

biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Cranial nerve that branches into the ramus communicans (to the skin), the pretrematic (to the walls of the pharynx and mouth, viscero-sensory fibers), and the larval post-trematic branch (lost in the adult).


Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity

Prevents the dissociation of GDP from the small GTPase Rho, thereby preventing GTP from binding.


protein refolding

The process carried out by a cell that restores the biological activity of an unfolded or misfolded protein, using helper proteins such as chaperones.


negative regulation of peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation.


branchiomotor neuron axon guidance

The process in which a branchiomotor neuron growth cone is directed to a specific target site. Branchiomotor neurons are located in the hindbrain and innervate branchial arch-derived muscles that control jaw movements, facial expression, the larynx, and the pharynx.


NADHX epimerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-NADHX = (S)-NADHX.


anterograde axonal transport of neurotransmitter receptor complex

The directed movement of a neurotransmitter receptor complex along microtubules from the cell body toward the cell periphery in nerve cell axons.


defense response to other organism

Reactions triggered in response to the presence of another organism that act to protect the cell or organism from damage caused by that organism.


calcium-dependent self proteolysis

The calcium-dependent hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their own peptide bonds.


interleukin-23 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-23 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


interleukin-23 binding

Binding to interleukin-23.


leukocyte mediated immunity

Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a leukocyte.


ceramide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ceramides, any N-acetylated sphingoid.


postsynaptic density protein 95 clustering

The clustering process in which postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) molecules are localized to distinct domains in the cell membrane. PSD-95 is mostly located in the post synaptic density of neurons, and is involved in anchoring synaptic proteins.


positive regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity

Any process that activates or increases the activity of a phosphoprotein phosphatase.


SPB13_HUMAN Serpin B13 (sprot)

A serpin B13 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SOCS4_HUMAN Suppressor of cytokine signaling 4 (sprot)

A suppressor of cytokine signaling 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of non-canonical Wnt-activated signaling pathway.


regulation of male germ cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of male germ cell proliferation.


negative regulation of acute inflammatory response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response.


uterine gland development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an uterine gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


tarsal gland development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tarsal gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by baroreceptor feedback

The neural regulation of blood pressure in which baroreceptors sense the amount of stretch occurring in vessels and respond to the input via central nervous system control.


positive regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process.


adrenal cortex development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the adrenal cortex over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The adrenal cortex is located at the periphery of the adrenal gland and controls glucose and electrolyte metabolism, response to stress and sexual development through the production of different classes of steroid hormones (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids and androgens).


Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-oxo-5-beta-steroid + acceptor = a 3-oxo-D4-steroid + reduced acceptor.


regulation of Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation mediated by the Arp2/3 complex and interacting proteins.


recombination hotspot binding

Binding to a genomic region which promotes recombination.


meiotic gene conversion

The cell cycle process in which genetic information is transferred from one helix to another. It often occurs in association with general genetic recombination events, and is believed to be a straightforward consequence of the mechanisms of general recombination and DNA repair. For example, meiosis might yield three copies of the maternal version of an allele and only one copy of the paternal allele, indicating that one of the two copies of the paternal allele has been changed to a copy of the maternal allele.


propionate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of propionate from one side of a membrane to the other. Propionate (or propanoate) is the organic acid CH3-CH2-COOH.


short-chain fatty acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of short-chain fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. A short-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with an aliphatic tail of less than 6 carbons.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: monocarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = monocarboxylate(in) + Na+(in).


short-chain fatty acid transmembrane transport

The directed movement of short-chain fatty acids into a cell or organelle. A short-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with an aliphatic tail of less than 6 carbons.


propanoate transmembrane transport

The directed movement of propionate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


regulation of eye pigmentation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in the eye of an organism.


regulation of humoral immune response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response.


sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling pathway

A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by sphingosine-1-phosphate binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


endothelial tube morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized from an endothelium. Endothelium refers to the layer of cells lining blood vessels, lymphatics, the heart, and serous cavities, and is derived from bone marrow or mesoderm. Corneal endothelium is a special case, derived from neural crest cells.


protein transport into membrane raft

The directed movement of a protein into a membrane raft. Membrane rafts are small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes.


TS1R2_MOUSE Taste receptor type 1 member 2 (sprot)

A taste receptor type 1 member 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


TS1R3_MOUSE Taste receptor type 1 member 3 (sprot)

A taste receptor type 1 member 3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


primary ureteric bud growth

The process in which the primary ureteric bud grows along its axis dorsally toward the metanephric blastema.


response to statin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a statin stimulus. Statins are organooxygen compounds whose structure is related to compactin (mevastatin) and which may be used as an anticholesteremic drug due its EC:1.1.1.34/EC:1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitory properties.


regulation of matrix metallopeptidase secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of matrix metallopeptidase secretion.


germ-line sex determination

The determination of sex and sexual phenotype in an organism's germ line.


regulation of secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or a tissue.


anterograde axonal transport

The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules from the cell body toward the cell periphery in nerve cell axons.


RAB21_HUMAN Ras-related protein Rab-21 (sprot)

A Ras-related protein Rab-21 that is encoded in the genome of human.


fibrillar center

A structure found most metazoan nucleoli, but not usually found in lower eukaryotes; surrounded by the dense fibrillar component; the zone of transcription from multiple copies of the pre-rRNA genes is in the border region between these two structures.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-amino-3-carboxymuconate 6-semialdehyde + H+ = 2-aminomuconate 6-semialdehyde + CO2.


quinolinate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving quinolinate, the anion of quinolinic acid, also known as 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid.


carbohydrate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.


positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid beta-oxidation.


rRNA 2'-O-ribose methylation guide activity

Specifies the site of 2'-O-ribose methylation in an rRNA molecule by base pairing with a short sequence around the target residue.


calcium- and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase complex

An enzyme complex which in eukaryotes is composed of four different chains: alpha, beta, gamma, and delta. The different isoforms assemble into homo- or heteromultimeric holoenzymes composed of 8 to 12 subunits. Catalyzes the phosphorylation of proteins to O-phosphoproteins.


positive regulation of dendrite morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis.


positive regulation of amyloid-beta formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of amyloid-beta formation.


regulation of presynaptic membrane organization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of presynaptic membrane organization.


negative regulation of RIG-I signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the RIG-I signaling pathway.


positive regulation of antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antibacterial peptide biosynthesis.


innate immune response in mucosa

Any process of the innate immune response that takes place in the mucosal tissues.


detection of muramyl dipeptide

The series of events in which a muramyl dipeptide stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Muramyl dipeptide is derived from peptidoglycan.


positive regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of biosynthesis of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria.


RAP2A_HUMAN Ras-related protein Rap-2a (sprot)

A Ras-related protein Rap-2a that is encoded in the genome of human.


succinate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving succinate, also known as butanedioate or ethane dicarboxylate, the dianion of succinic acid. Succinate is an important intermediate in metabolism and a component of the TCA cycle.


NAD(P)(+)

A coenzyme that may be NAD(+) or NADP(+).


NAD(P)H

A coenzyme that may be NADH or NADPH.


exopeptidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain, in a reaction that requires a free N-terminal amino group, C-terminal carboxyl group or both.


ornithine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis.


The dication resulting from deprotonation of the amino and guanidino groups of agmatine; major species at pH 7.3.


astral microtubule

Any of the spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell.


establishment of secretory granule localization

The directed movement of a secretory granule to a specific location.


beta-alanine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine. It occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins.


amino acid activation for nonribosomal peptide biosynthetic process

Activation of an amino acid for incorporation into a peptide by a nonribosomal process.


negative regulation of lymphangiogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphangiogenesis.


toxin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a toxin from one side of a membrane to the other. A toxin is a poisonous compound (typically a protein) that is produced by cells or organisms and that can cause disease when introduced into the body or tissues of an organism.


T follicular helper cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a mature T follicular helper cell.


clathrin-coated vesicle membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-coated vesicle.


meiotic DNA double-strand break processing involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination

The cell cycle process in which the 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of the DNA at the site of the break to form a 3' single-strand DNA overhang occurs resulting in double strand break formation and repair through a double Holliday junction intermediate.


positive regulation of protein acetylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein acetylation.


phosphate ion binding

Binding to a phosphate ion.


brain-derived neurotrophic factor binding

Binding to brain-derived neurotrophic factor.


negative regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway.


lipid modification

The covalent alteration of one or more fatty acids in a lipid, resulting in a change in the properties of the lipid.


sebaceous gland cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized epidermal cell acquires the specialized features of a sebaceous gland cell.


purine deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


negative regulation of serotonin secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of serotonin.


GTPase inhibitor activity

Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP and orthophosphate.


regulation of chromosome organization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a chromosome.


The organization of chromatin into heterochromatin at the pericentric region of a chromosome.


brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


estrous cycle phase

The progression of physiological phases, occurring in the endometrium during the estrous cycle that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. The estrous cycle is an ovulation cycle where the endometrium is resorbed if pregnancy does not occur.


preantral ovarian follicle growth

Increase in size of follicles surrounded by two or more layers of granulosa cells up to the onset of antrum formation.


negative regulation of ovulation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ovulation, the release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary.


Safranal

A monoterpenoid formally derived from beta-cyclocitral by dehydrogenation.


Binding to phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism.


negative regulation of steroid hormone biosynthetic process

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroid hormones,compounds with a 1, 2, cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus that act as hormones.


Golgi trans cisterna

The Golgi cisterna farthest from the endoplasmic reticulum; the final processing compartment through which proteins pass before exiting the Golgi apparatus; the compartment in which N-linked protein glycosylation is completed.


protein phosphatase type 1 complex

A protein complex that possesses magnesium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase (AMD phosphatase) activity, and consists of a catalytic subunit and one or more regulatory subunits that dictates the phosphatase's substrate specificity, function, and activity.


isopentenyl diphosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving isopentenyl diphosphate, an isomer of dimethylallyl diphosphate and the key precursor of all isoprenoids.


negative regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol.


anterograde synaptic vesicle transport

The directed movement of synaptic vesicle along axonal microtubules from the cell body to the presynapse.


sphingoid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingoids, any of a class of compounds comprising sphinganine and its homologues and stereoisomers, and derivatives of these compounds.


regulation of acute inflammatory response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response.


negative regulation of natural killer cell activation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell activation.


positive regulation of growth

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism.


right ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the right ventricular compact myocardium are generated and organized.


cell-cell fusion

A cellular process in which two or more cells combine together, their plasma membrane fusing, producing a single cell. In some cases, nuclei fuse, producing a polyploid cell, while in other cases, nuclei remain separate, producing a syncytium.


stereocilium membrane

The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a stereocilium.


histone H3S10 kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: histone H3-serine (position 10) + ATP = histone H3-phosphoserine (position 10) + ADP. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to the serine residue at position 10 of histone H3.


positive regulation of oocyte maturation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oocyte maturation.


negative regulation of spindle checkpoint

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the spindle checkpoint, a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition until the spindle is correctly assembled and oriented, and chromosomes are attached to the spindle.


acyl carnitine transport

The directed movement of acyl carnitine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Acyl carnitine is the condensation product of a carboxylic acid and carnitine and is the transport form for a fatty acid crossing the mitochondrial membrane.


A HETE having a 5-hydroxy group and (6E)-, (8Z)-, (11Z)- and (14Z)-double bonds.


A (7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-17-hydroperoxydocosapentaenoic acid in which the chiral centre at position 17 has S-configuration. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


vesicle cytoskeletal trafficking

The directed movement of a vesicle along a cytoskeletal fiber such as a microtubule or and actin filament, mediated by motor proteins.


B-1 B cell differentiation

The process in which a hemopoietic stem cell acquires the specialized features of a B-1 B cell. B-1 B cells are a distinct subset of B cells characterized as being CD5 positive, found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and enriched for self-reactivity.


regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling in response to detection of lipopolysaccharide.


DNA replication checkpoint signaling

A signal transduction process that contributes to a DNA replication checkpoint, that prevents the initiation of nuclear division until DNA replication is complete, thereby ensuring that progeny inherit a full complement of the genome.


choline metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.


spermine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of spermine, a polybasic amine found in human sperm, in ribosomes and in some viruses and involved in nucleic acid packaging.


prostaglandin receptor activity

Combining with a prostaglandin (PG) to initiate a change in cell activity.


regulation of ephrin receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ephrin receptor signaling pathway.


SAM domain binding

Binding to a SAM (Sterile Alpha Motif) domain, which is a 70-amino acid protein sequence that participates in protein-protein, protein-lipid, and protein-RNA interactions and is conserved from lower to higher eukaryotes.


denatured protein binding

Binding to a denatured protein.


nodal signaling pathway involved in determination of lateral mesoderm left/right asymmetry

The series of molecular signals initiated by a nodal protein binding to an activin receptor on the surface of a target cell, which contributes to the establishment of lateral mesoderm with respect to the left and right halves.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by ischemic conditions

The process that modulates blood pressure by the detection of carbon dioxide levels in the brain stem. Increased levels activate the sympathetic vasoconstrictor mechanism increasing the force with which blood flows through the circulatory system.


nickel cation transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of nickel (Ni) cations from one side of a membrane to the other.


nickel cation transport

The directed movement of nickel (Ni) cations into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


VTDB_HUMAN Vitamin D-binding protein (sprot)

A vitamin D-binding protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin

The process in which renin-angiotensin modulates the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system.


negative regulation of superoxide anion generation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of enzymatic generation of superoxide by a cell.


serotonin biosynthetic process from tryptophan

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation from tryptophan of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties.


cGMP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside cyclic phosphate + H2O = a nucleoside phosphate.


regulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity.


11-cis retinal binding

Binding to 11-cis retinal, an isomer of retinal that plays an important role in the visual process in most vertebrates. 11-cis retinal combines with opsin in the rods (scotopsin) to form rhodopsin or visual purple. Retinal is one of the three compounds that makes up vitamin A.


membrane attack complex

A protein complex produced by sequentially activated components of the complement cascade inserted into a target cell membrane and forming a pore leading to cell lysis via ion and water flow.


detection of hypoxic conditions in blood by carotid body chemoreceptor signaling

The process in which information about a lack of oxygen are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies.


regulation of microtubule-based movement

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of microtubule-based movement, the movement of organelles, other microtubules and other particles along microtubules, mediated by motor proteins.


G protein-coupled UDP receptor activity

Combining with a nucleotide and transmitting the signal to a heterotrimeric G-protein complex to initiate a change in cell activity, activated by UDP.


positive regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity.


negative regulation of mitochondrial depolarization

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the change in the membrane potential of the mitochondria from negative to positive.


regulation of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway.


regulation of cohesin loading

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which a cohesin complex is transported to, or maintained at, a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin.


positive regulation of miRNA-mediated gene silencing

A process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene silencing by a microRNA (miRNA).


negative regulation of cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of cell differentiation that contributes to the progression of the placenta over time, from its initial condition to its mature state.


heart growth

The increase in size or mass of the heart.


RISC-loading complex

A trimeric protein complex required for the formation of a mature RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). In humans the complex is composed of the endonuclease Dicer (DICER1), TRBP (TARBP2) and the Argonaute protein Ago2 (EIF2C2/AGO2). Within the complex, Dicer and TRBP are required to process precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) to mature miRNAs and then load them onto Ago2. Ago2 bound to the mature miRNA constitutes the minimal RISC and may subsequently dissociate from Dicer and TRBP. This complex has endoribonuclease activity.


neutrophil-mediated killing of fungus

The directed killing of a fungal cell by a neutrophil.


organelle fusion

The creation of a single organelle from two or more organelles.


orexin receptor activity

Combining with orexin to initiate a change in cell activity.


detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste

The series of events required for a bitter taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal.


NADPH oxidase complex

A enzyme complex of which the core is a heterodimer composed of a light (alpha) and heavy (beta) chain, and requires several other water-soluble proteins of cytosolic origin for activity. Functions in superoxide generation by the NADPH-dependent reduction of O2.


response to gravity

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus.


nipple morphogenesis

The process in which the nipple is generated and organized.


elastin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of elastin. Elastin is a glycoprotein which is randomly coiled and crosslinked to form elastic fibers that are found in connective tissue.


calcium-dependent phospholipase C activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + choline phosphate. This reaction requires Ca2+.


ATP-dependent polydeoxyribonucleotide 5'-hydroxyl-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 5'-dephospho-DNA = ADP + 5'-phospho-DNA.


CNTFR_MOUSE Ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor subunit alpha (sprot)

A ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor binding

Binding to a ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor.


regulation of interferon-beta production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta production.


positive regulation of viral genome replication

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.


regulation of synaptic vesicle clustering

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle clustering.


presynaptic active zone assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a presynaptic active zone. The presynaptic active zone is a specialized region of the plasma membrane and cell cortex of a presynaptic neuron; encompasses a region of the plasma membrane where synaptic vesicles dock and fuse, and a specialized cortical cytoskeletal matrix.


centriole assembly

A cellular process that results in the assembly of one or more centrioles.


astral microtubule nucleation

The 'de novo' formation of an astral microtubule, in which tubulin heterodimers form metastable oligomeric aggregates, some of which go on to support formation of a complete microtubule.


positive regulation of testosterone secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of testosterone secretion.


purine nucleoside binding

Binding to a purine nucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked either to ribose or deoxyribose.


menopause

Cessation of menstruation, occurring in (e.g.) the human female usually around the age of 50.


complement component C1q complex binding

Binding to a C1q complex, a component of the classical complement cascade.


An anionic phospholipid obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate and carboxy groups and protonation of the amino group of any lysophosphatidylserine; major species at pH 7.3. The structure is depicted in the image where R(1) = acyl, R(2) = H or where R(1) = H, R(2) = acyl.


regulation of T cell apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of T cell death by apoptotic process.


positive regulation of inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP). IPSP is a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential.


negative regulation of T-helper cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper cell differentiation.


pituitary gland cell

biolink:Cell biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any cell that is part of a pituitary gland.


intracellular chemical homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of a chemical within a cell.


myosin II binding

Binding to a class II myosin, any member of the class of 'conventional' double-headed myosins that includes muscle myosin.


L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) = ADP + O-phospho-L-seryl-tRNA(Sec).


Cetyl palmitate

A palmitate ester resulting from the formal condensation of palmitic acid with palmityl alcohol. It is used as a thickener and emollient in cosmetics.


omegasome

Omega-shaped (as in the Greek capital letter) intracellular membrane-bounded organelle enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and dynamically connected to the endoplasmic reticulum. Omegasomes are the first step of the formation of autophagosomes via the phagophore assembly sites.


tendon sheath development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tendon sheath over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A tendon sheath is a layer of membrane around a tendon. It permits the tendon to move.


positive regulation of collagen biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals.


tendon cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a tendon cell. Tendon cell are elongated fibrocytes in which the cytoplasm is stretched between the collagen fibres of the tendon. Tendon cells have a central cell nucleus with a prominent nucleolus, a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, and are responsible for synthesis and turnover of tendon fibres and ground substance.


sequestering of actin monomers

The selective interaction of actin monomers with specific molecules that inhibit their polymerization by preventing their access to other monomers.


sphingolipid binding

Binding to a sphingolipid, a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid).


succinate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of succinate, the dianion of ethane dicarboxylic acid, from one side of a membrane to the other.


citrate transport

The directed movement of citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


tricarboxylic acid transport

The directed movement of tricarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


succinate transport

The directed movement of succinate, the dianion of ethane dicarboxylic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


interleukin-1 receptor complex

A protein complex that binds interleukin-1; comprises an alpha and a beta subunit.


VCB complex

A protein complex that possesses ubiquitin ligase activity; the complex is usually pentameric; for example, in mammals the subunits are pVHL, elongin B, elongin C, cullin-2 (Cul2), and Rbx1.


mitochondrial crista

Any of the inward folds of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Their number, extent, and shape differ in mitochondria from different tissues and organisms. They appear to be devices for increasing the surface area of the mitochondrial inner membrane, where the enzymes of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation are found. Their shape can vary with the respiratory state of the mitochondria.


avascular cornea development in camera-type eye

The progression of an avascular cornea over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Corneal avascularity (the absence of blood vessels in the cornea) is required for optical clarity and optimal vision. Avascular corneas are present in most animals, except Manatees.


inositol hexakisphosphate 6-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1D-myo-inositol hexakisphosphate = ADP + 6-diphospho-1D-myo-inositol (1,2,3,4,5)pentakisphosphate.


meiotic recombination nodule assembly

During meiosis, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) to form small, electron dense structures in association with meiotic chromosomes.


late meiotic recombination nodule assembly

During meiosis, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) to form small, electron dense structures in association with meiotic chromosomes during pachytene. Involved in the catalysis crossing over.


CCR2 chemokine receptor binding

Binding to a CCR2 chemokine receptor.


positive regulation of flagellated sperm motility involved in capacitation

The process in which the controlled movement of a flagellated sperm cell is initiated as part of the process required for flagellated sperm to reach fertilization competence.


astrocyte cell migration

The orderly movement of an astrocyte, a class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system, the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord.


toxic substance binding

Binding to a toxic substance, a poisonous substance that causes damage to biological systems.


CP2 mannose-ethanolamine phosphotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ethanolamine phosphate + Man-alpha-(1,2)-Man-alpha-(1,2)-Man-alpha-(1,6)-R = Man-alpha-(1,2)-Man-alpha-6-P-EtN-(1,2)-Man-alpha-(1,6)-R; R is Man-alpha(1,4)-GlcNH2-inositol-PO4-lipid. This reaction is the transfer of ethanolamine phosphate to C6 of second mannose in the GPI lipid precursor CP2.


paramesonephric duct development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the paramesonephric duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Mullerian ducts (or paramesonephric ducts) are paired ducts of the embryo that run down the lateral sides of the urogenital ridge and terminate at the mullerian eminence in the primitive urogenital sinus. In the female, they will develop to form the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and the upper portion of the vagina; in the male, they are lost. These ducts are made of tissue of mesodermal origin.


mesonephric duct development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric duct over time, from its initial formation to a mature structure. A mesonephric duct is a tube drains the mesonephros.


epithelial tube morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized from an epithelium. Epithelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system.


positive regulation of sphingolipid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sphingolipid signaling.


regulation of neutrophil degranulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil degranulation.


inorganic anion transport

The directed movement of inorganic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage.


negative regulation of monoatomic ion transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulator activity

Modulates the activity of a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Regulatory subunits can link a PI3K catalytic subunit to upstream signaling events and help position the catalytic subunits close to their lipid substrates.


histone H3-R26 methylation

The modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to arginine at position 26 of the histone.


positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation.


regulation of interleukin-8 production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production.


regulation of neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicle

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicles.


positive regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining.


The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a nitrogen (N) atom in an N-terminal cysteine residue to form N-palmitoyl-L-cysteine.


vascular endothelial growth factor binding

Binding to a vascular endothelial growth factor.


actin filament branching

The formation of daughter actin filament branches at an angle on the sides of preexisting mother filaments.


regulation of endothelial cell migration

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium.


Roundabout signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a SLIT protein binding to a Roundabout (ROBO) family receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell differentiation.


positive regulation of T-helper 17 type immune response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 type immune response.


positive regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell differentiation.


post-transcriptional gene silencing

The inactivation of gene expression that occurs after transcription.


positive regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell differentiation.


myoblast proliferation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

The multiplication or reproduction of myoblasts, resulting in the expansion of the cell population. This occurs as part of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


positive regulation of female receptivity

Any process that activates or increases the receptiveness of a female to male advances.


MT1H_HUMAN Metallothionein-1H (sprot)

A metallothionein-1H that is encoded in the genome of human.


MT3_HUMAN Metallothionein-3 (sprot)

A metallothionein-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MT1M_HUMAN Metallothionein-1M (sprot)

A metallothionein-1M that is encoded in the genome of human.


MT1F_HUMAN Metallothionein-1F (sprot)

A metallothionein-1F that is encoded in the genome of human.


MT1B_HUMAN Metallothionein-1B (sprot)

A metallothionein-1B that is encoded in the genome of human.


MT1X_HUMAN Metallothionein-1X (sprot)

A metallothionein-1X that is encoded in the genome of human.


MT4_HUMAN Metallothionein-4 (sprot)

A metallothionein-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MT1E_HUMAN Metallothionein-1E (sprot)

A metallothionein-1E that is encoded in the genome of human.


MT1A_HUMAN Metallothionein-1A (sprot)

A metallothionein-1A that is encoded in the genome of human.


MT1G_HUMAN Metallothionein-1G (sprot)

A metallothionein-1G that is encoded in the genome of human.


mating pheromone activity

The activity of binding to and activating specific cell surface receptors, thereby inducing a behavioral or physiological response(s) from a responding organism or cell that leads to the transfer or union of genetic material between organisms or cells. The mating pheromone can either be retained on the cell surface or secreted.


organic cyclic compound binding

Binding to an organic cyclic compound, any molecular entity that contains carbon arranged in a cyclic molecular structure.


establishment of protein localization to chromatin

The directed movement of a protein to a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin.


regulation of mRNA catabolic process

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of a mRNA catabolic process, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage.


respiratory chain complex IV assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex IV (also known as cytochrome c oxidase), the terminal member of the respiratory chain of the mitochondrion and some aerobic bacteria. Cytochrome c oxidases are multi-subunit enzymes containing from 13 subunits in the mammalian mitochondrial form to 3-4 subunits in the bacterial forms.


AGA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AGA codon.


melanocortin receptor binding

Binding to a melanocortin receptor.


MSHR_MOUSE Melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor (sprot)

A melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


MC3R_MOUSE Melanocortin receptor 3 (sprot)

A melanocortin receptor 3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


organic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.


response to nitrosative stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrosative stress stimulus. Nitrosative stress is a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of nitric oxide (NO) or the highly reactive oxidant peroxynitrite, which is produced following interaction of NO with superoxide anions.


formaldehyde catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of formaldehyde (methanal, H2C=O), the simplest aldehyde.


peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation

The covalent addition of a nitric oxide (NO) group to the sulphur (S) atom of a cysteine residue in a protein, to form peptidyl-S-nitrosyl-L-cysteine.


response to testosterone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a testosterone stimulus.


norepinephrine-epinephrine-mediated vasodilation involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

A process that results in an increase in the diameter of an artery during the norepinephrine-epinephrine response to blood pressure change.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by norepinephrine-epinephrine

The process in which the secretion of norepinephrine or epinephrine into the bloodstream modulates the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system.


regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of non-rapid eye movement sleep.


regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S-adenosylhomocysteine, forming homocysteine and then methionine.


angiogenin-PRI complex

A stable heterodimer of angiogenin and placental ribonuclease inhibitor; interaction between angiogenin and PRI prevents angiogenin binding to its receptor to stimulate angiogenesis.


negative regulation of lipase activity

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of lipase activity, the hydrolysis of a lipid or phospholipid.


male somatic sex determination

The determination of sex and sexual phenotypes in a male organism's soma.


ammonia assimilation cycle

The pathway by which ammonia is processed and incorporated into a cell. In an energy-rich (glucose-containing), nitrogen-poor environment, glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase form an ammonia assimilatory cycle, in which ammonia is incorporated into L-glutamate to form L-glutamine, which then combines with alpha-ketoglutarate to regenerate L-glutamate. This ATP-dependent cycle is essential for nitrogen-limited growth and for steady-state growth with some sources of nitrogen.


negative regulation of striated muscle contraction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle contraction.


3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (2-methylpropanoyl-transferring) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + lipoamide = S-(2-methylpropanoyl)dihydrolipoamide + CO2.


cellular response to iron(III) ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an iron(III) ion stimulus.


negative regulation of respiratory burst

Any process that decreases the rate frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.


An N-acetyl-beta-D-glycosaminyl glycopeptide consisting of an N-acetyl-beta-D-glycosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetylmuramoyl moiety attached to the amino terminus of the pentapeptide L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala via an amide linkage.


A tetrapeptide comprising L-alanyl, gamma-D-glutamyl, L-lysyl and D-alanine residues coupled in sequence.


N-acetylglucosamine

An N-acylglucosamine where the N-acyl group is specified as acetyl.


LEAP2_HUMAN Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (sprot)

A liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CMGA_HUMAN Chromogranin-A (sprot)

A chromogranin-A that is encoded in the genome of human.


HIS1_HUMAN Histatin-1 (sprot)

A histatin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HIS3_HUMAN Histatin-3 (sprot)

A histatin-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HSP71_CANAL Heat shock protein SSA1 (sprot)

A protein that is a translation product of the SSA1 gene in Candida albicans SC5314.


HSP72_CANAL Heat shock protein SSA2 (sprot)

A protein that is a translation product of the SSA2 gene in Candida albicans SC5314.


BPIB4_HUMAN BPI fold-containing family B member 4 (sprot)

A BPI fold-containing family B member 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


BPIB2_HUMAN BPI fold-containing family B member 2 (sprot)

A BPI fold-containing family B member 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


BPIB6_HUMAN BPI fold-containing family B member 6 (sprot)

A BPI fold-containing family B member 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RNAS8_HUMAN Ribonuclease 8 (sprot)

A ribonuclease 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


BPIB1_HUMAN BPI fold-containing family B member 1 (sprot)

A BPI fold-containing family B member 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RNAS6_HUMAN Ribonuclease K6 (sprot)

A ribonuclease K6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


BPIA2_HUMAN BPI fold-containing family A member 2 (sprot)

A BPI fold-containing family A member 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RNAS7_HUMAN Ribonuclease 7 (sprot)

A ribonuclease 7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


BPIA1_HUMAN BPI fold-containing family A member 1 (sprot)

A BPI fold-containing family A member 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


L-glycero-alpha-D-manno-Heptopyranose

An aldoheptose in pyranose cyclic form with L-glycero-alpha-D-manno stereochemistry.


A carbohydrate acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of 3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid; major species at pH 7.3.


beta-D-galactofuranosyl group

The galactosyl group formed from beta-D-galactofuranose.


hydroxyapatite binding

Binding to hydroxyapatite, the calcium phosphate mineral of formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 found both in rocks of nonorganic origin and as a component of bone and dentin.


complement component C5a receptor activity

Combining with the C5a product of the complement cascade and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholinergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.


nickel cation binding

Binding to a nickel (Ni) cation.


cysteine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.


sulfate binding

Binding to sulfate, SO4(2-), a negatively charged small molecule.


cytotoxic T cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a cytotoxic T cell.


common lymphoid progenitor

A oligopotent progenitor cell committed to the lymphoid lineage.


CENP-A containing chromatin

The specialized chromatin located in the centromeric core region or the entire centromeric region in organisms with point centromeres, which is enriched for CENP-A-containing nucleosomes. This chromatin forms a 3-dimensional structure which provides a platform for kinetochore assembly and microtubule attachment.


regulation of chylomicron remnant clearance

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of chylomicron remnant clearance. Chylomicron clearance is the process in which a chylomicron remnant is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis into liver cells and its constituent parts degraded.


G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway

A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a ligand binding to an acetylcholine receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway

An adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by acetylcholine binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


endothelial cell activation

The change in morphology and behavior of an endothelial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.


negative regulation of eye pigmentation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in the eye of an organism.


camera-type eye photoreceptor cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a photoreceptor cell in a camera-type eye.


follicular B cell differentiation

The process in which a B cell in the spleen acquires the specialized features of a follicular B cell. Follicular B cells are major population of mature recirculating B cells in the spleen and are located in the B-cell follicle region.


corticotropin-releasing hormone binding

Binding to corticotropin-releasing hormone, a polypeptide hormone involved in the stress response. It is released by the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of corticotropin by the anterior pituitary gland.


negative regulation of hemostasis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hemostasis.


CBG_HUMAN Corticosteroid-binding globulin (sprot)

A corticosteroid-binding globulin that is encoded in the genome of human.


response to UV-A

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a UV-A radiation stimulus. UV-A radiation (UV-A light) spans the wavelengths 315 to 400 nm.


NADP binding

Binding to nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH.


Catalysis of the reaction: corticosterone + reduced adrenal ferredoxin + O2 = 18-hydroxycorticosterone + oxidized adrenal ferredoxin + H2O.


An oxysterol that is the 22S-hydroxy derivative of cholesterol.


STAR_HUMAN Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, mitochondrial (sprot)

A steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


STAR6_HUMAN StAR-related lipid transfer protein 6 (sprot)

A StAR-related lipid transfer protein 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


STAR4_HUMAN StAR-related lipid transfer protein 4 (sprot)

A StAR-related lipid transfer protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


aldosterone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldosterone, a corticosteroid hormone that is produced by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex and regulates salt (sodium and potassium) and water balance.


amine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom.


heterocycle metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings).


dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds. Dibenzo-p-dioxins are generated as by-products in the manufacturing of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, paper pulp bleaching, and in incineration, and can accumulate in milk and throughout the food chain, creating significant health concern.


Catalysis of the hydroxylation of C-24 of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3) to form 24(R),25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.


testosterone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of testosterone, an androgen having 17beta-hydroxy and 3-oxo groups, together with unsaturation at C-4 C-5.


naphthalene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of naphthalene.


nucleolar large rRNA transcription by RNA polymerase I

The synthesis of the large ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript which encodes several rRNAs, e.g. in mammals 28S, 18S and 5.8S, from a nuclear DNA template transcribed by RNA polymerase I.


hypoglossal nerve morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the hypoglossal nerve is generated and organized. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue.


bradykinin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the peptide hormone bradykinin.


tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade

A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell initiated by the action of tissue (glandular) kallikreins on low molecular weight kininogen in response to tissue damage. Tissue kallikreins are present in glandular tissues and their fluids, such as the salivary glands, sweat glands, pancreas, and kidney. The ultimate products of the tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade include kallidin and bradykinin, agents known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability.


G protein-coupled receptor internalization

The process that results in the uptake of a G protein-coupled receptor into an endocytic vesicle.


regulation of RNA export from nucleus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.


macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the cytokine macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


regulation of cell cycle G1/S phase transition

Any signaling pathway that modulates the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G1 phase to S phase of the cell cycle.


negative regulation of advanced glycation end-product receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of advanced glycation end-product receptor activity.


advanced glycation end-product binding

Binding to advanced glycation end-product.


positive regulation of advanced glycation end-product receptor activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of advanced glycation end-product receptor activity.


positive regulation of signaling

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process.


negative regulation of signaling

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process.


positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.


negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.


positive regulation of glucokinase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucokinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a glucose molecule.


negative regulation of protein dephosphorylation

Any process the stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a protein.


complement binding

Binding to a component or product of the complement cascade.


homoiothermy

Any homoeostatic process in which an organism maintains its internal body temperature at a relatively constant value. This is achieved by using metabolic processes to counteract fluctuations in the temperature of the environment.


D(3) dopamine receptor isoform D3Short (mouse)

A D(3) dopamine receptor (mouse) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P30728-2.


ester

A compound formally derived from an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l > 0) and an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol by linking with formal loss of water from an acidic hydroxy group of the former and a hydroxy group of the latter.


syncytium formation

The formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane. Syncytia are normally derived from single cells that fuse or fail to complete cell division.


spinal cord interneuron axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a spinal cord interneuron is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. A spinal cord interneuron is a CNS interneuron located in the spinal cord.


interneuron migration

The orderly movement of an interneuron from one site to another.


arginine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid.