PELP1_HUMAN Proline-, glutamic acid- and leucine-rich protein 1 (sprot)

A proline-, glutamic acid- and leucine-rich protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ZN521_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 521 (sprot)

A zinc finger protein 521 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SP7_HUMAN Transcription factor Sp7 (sprot)

A transcription factor Sp7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NKX32_HUMAN Homeobox protein Nkx-3.2 (sprot)

A homeobox protein Nkx-3.2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MSX2_HUMAN Homeobox protein MSX-2 (sprot)

A homeobox protein MSX-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NAB2_HUMAN NGFI-A-binding protein 2 (sprot)

An NGFI-A-binding protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


JUND_HUMAN Transcription factor JunD (sprot)

A transcription factor JunD that is encoded in the genome of human.


ASCL1_HUMAN Achaete-scute homolog 1 (sprot)

An achaete-scute homolog 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


REST_HUMAN RE1-silencing transcription factor (sprot)

An RE1-silencing transcription factor that is encoded in the genome of human.


LYL1_HUMAN Protein lyl-1 (sprot)

A protein lyl-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FOSB_HUMAN Protein FosB (sprot)

A protein FosB that is encoded in the genome of human.


EGR3_HUMAN Early growth response protein 3 (sprot)

An early growth response protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SOX10_HUMAN Transcription factor SOX-10 (sprot)

A transcription factor SOX-10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PO3F1_HUMAN POU domain, class 3, transcription factor 1 (sprot)

A POU domain, class 3, transcription factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PO3F2_HUMAN POU domain, class 3, transcription factor 2 (sprot)

A POU domain, class 3, transcription factor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SNAI1_HUMAN Zinc finger protein SNAI1 (sprot)

A zinc finger protein SNAI1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FOXF1_HUMAN Forkhead box protein F1 (sprot)

A forkhead box protein F1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MSGN1_HUMAN Mesogenin-1 (sprot)

A mesogenin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TBX6_HUMAN T-box transcription factor TBX6 (sprot)

A T-box transcription factor TBX6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SNAI2_HUMAN Zinc finger protein SNAI2 (sprot)

A zinc finger protein SNAI2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DLX5_HUMAN Homeobox protein DLX-5 (sprot)

A homeobox protein DLX-5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DLX6_HUMAN Homeobox protein DLX-6 (sprot)

A homeobox protein DLX-6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CTBP2_HUMAN C-terminal-binding protein 2 (sprot)

A C-terminal-binding protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


LHX9_HUMAN LIM/homeobox protein Lhx9 (sprot)

A LIM/homeobox protein Lhx9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TF7L2_HUMAN Transcription factor 7-like 2 (sprot)

A transcription factor 7-like 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


histone H1.4, initiator methionine removed monomethylated 1 (mouse)

A histone H1.4, initiator methionine removed monomethylated 1 in mouse. UniProtKB:P43274, 2-219, Lys-26, MOD:00085.


GTP-dependent protein kinase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

GTP dependent catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein serine/threonine = ADP + protein serine/threonine phosphate.


Lewy body

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Cytoplasmic, spherical inclusion commonly found in damaged neurons, and composed of abnormally phosphorylated, neurofilament proteins aggregated with ubiquitin and alpha-synuclein.


negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in neural plate anterior/posterior pattern formation

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin in the anterior end of the neural plate. This regulation sets up a Wnt signaling gradient along the anterior/posterior axis.


double-strand break repair via classical nonhomologous end joining

An instance of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining that requires a number of factors important for V(D)J recombination, including the KU70/80 heterodimer (KU), XRCC4, ligase IV, and DNA-PKcs in mammals. It does not produce translocations (as opposed to the alternative nonhomologous end joining).


ATR-ATRIP complex

A protein complex that contains the protein kinase ATR and ATR-interacting protein (ATRIP) and binds single-stranded DNA; ssDNA binding affinity is increased in the presence of replication protein A.


checkpoint clamp complex

Conserved heterotrimeric complex of PCNA-like proteins that is loaded onto DNA at sites of DNA damage.


inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

Any inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration.


intracellular cAMP-activated cation channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when intracellular cAMP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


intracellular cAMP-activated cation channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when intracellular cAMP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts, to regulate the presynaptic membrane potential.


general adaptation syndrome, behavioral process

The set of behavioral processes that occur as part of the general adaptation syndrome, the response of the body to a strong, stressful stimulus.


reproductive process

A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents.


amyloid precursor protein metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of amyloid-beta, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease.


reproductive structure development

The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of somatic structures that will be used in the process of creating new individuals from one or more parents, from their formation to the mature structures.


behavioral response to formalin induced pain

Any process that results in a change in the behaviour of an organism as a result of a formalin pain stimulus.


positive regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of long-term synaptic potentiation.


efferent neuron

biolink:Cell biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A neuron which sends impulses peripherally to activate muscles or secretory cells.


peripheral nervous system

biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A major division of the nervous system that contains nerves which connect the central nervous system (CNS) with sensory organs, other organs, muscles, blood vessels and glands.


PCD15_CHICK Protocadherin-15 (sprot)

A protocadherin-15 that is encoded in the genome of chicken.


F6M3L0_LAMFL EH-domain containing protein (trembl)


F6VEL3_MACMU Calcyon neuron specific vesicular protein (trembl)


peripheral nervous system neuron differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron whose cell body resides in the peripheral nervous system.


ganglion development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


temperature-gated ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens in response to a temperature stimulus (e.g. exposure to a temperature range different than the optimal temperature for that organism).


collection of basal ganglia

biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Subcortical masses of gray matter in the forebrain and midbrain that are richly interconnected and so viewed as a functional system. The nuclei usually included are the caudate nucleus (caudoputamen in rodents), putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra (pars compacta and pars reticulata) and the subthalamic nucleus. Some also include the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum.


LIN7B_MOUSE Protein lin-7 homolog B (sprot)

A protein lin-7 homolog B that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis

Any process that increases the rate or frequency of epithelial cell proliferation that results in the lung attaining its shape.


growth

The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell.


vocal learning

A behavioral process whose outcome is a relatively long-lasting behavioral change whereby an organism modifies innate vocalizations to imitate sounds produced by others.


regulation of dendrite development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development.


H9FSF4_MACMU Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 isoform a (trembl)


voltage-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

Voltage-gated ion channel activity, occurring in the presynaptic membrane, involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential. This is a key step in synaptic transmission, following the arrival of an action potential at the synapse.


regulation of vasoconstriction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reductions in the diameter of blood vessels.


negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intracellular signal transduction.


regulation of intracellular signal transduction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intracellular signal transduction.


14-3-3 protein binding

Binding to a 14-3-3 protein. A 14-3-3 protein is any of a large family of approximately 30kDa acidic proteins which exist primarily as homo- and heterodimers within all eukaryotic cells, and have been implicated in the modulation of distinct biological processes by binding to specific phosphorylated sites on diverse target proteins, thereby forcing conformational changes or influencing interactions between their targets and other molecules. Each 14-3-3 protein sequence can be roughly divided into three sections: a divergent amino terminus, the conserved core region and a divergent carboxy-terminus. The conserved middle core region of the 14-3-3s encodes an amphipathic groove that forms the main functional domain, a cradle for interacting with client proteins.


regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling.


positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling.


dendrite membrane

The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a dendrite.


neuronal cell body membrane

The plasma membrane of a neuron cell body - excludes the plasma membrane of cell projections such as axons and dendrites.


cell-cell signaling via exosome

Cell-cell signaling in which the ligand is carried between cells by an exosome.


F6XUP1_MACMU non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase (trembl)


F7BYT9_MACMU Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (trembl)


regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any process that regulates the concentration of calcium in the postsynaptic cytosol.


protein localization to eisosome filament

A process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location in a eisosome filament (also called linear eisosome), a filamentous cortical structure formed, in S. pombe, by the eisosome component Pil1.


eisosome

A cell part that is composed of the eisosome membrane or MCC domain, a furrow-like plasma membrane sub-domain and associated integral transmembrane proteins, and the proteins (eisosome filaments) that form a scaffolding lattice on the cytoplasmic face. Eisosomes broadly affect overall plasma membrane organization.


regulation of protein modification process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a protein.


histone deacetylase 1

A protein that is a translation product of the human HDAC1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof.


exon-exon junction complex

A multi-subunit complex deposited by the spliceosome upstream of messenger RNA exon-exon junctions. The exon-exon junction complex provides a binding platform for factors involved in mRNA export and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.


positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay.


pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a pattern recognition receptor (PRR), and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. PRRs bind pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs), structures conserved among microbial species, or damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs), endogenous molecules released from damaged cells.


nuclease activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids.


An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of 2'-3'-cGAMP; major species at pH 7.3.


modulation by symbiont of host programmed cell death

Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


peptidyl-serine dephosphorylation

The removal of phosphoric residues from peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine to form peptidyl-serine.


MGAT1_HUMAN Alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (sprot)

An alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


paired mesoderm homeobox protein 2B monoubiquitinated 1 (mouse)

A paired mesoderm homeobox protein 2B (mouse) that has been monoubiquitinated at the residue equivalent to Lys-185 of the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:O35690. UniProtKB:O35690, Lys-185, PR:000044771.


paired mesoderm homeobox protein 2A monoubiquitinated 1 (mouse)

A paired mesoderm homeobox protein 2A (mouse) that has been monoubiquitinated at the residue equivalent to Lys-178 of the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q62066. UniProtKB:Q62066, Lys-178, PR:000044771.


stress granule assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a stress granule.


proline dipeptidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a dipeptide with proline at the C-terminal <=> L-proline + a standard alpha amino acid.


non-membrane-bounded organelle

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes.


PEPD_HUMAN Xaa-Pro dipeptidase (sprot)

An Xaa-Pro dipeptidase that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of innate immune response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection.


1433B_HUMAN 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha (sprot)

A 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fatty acids.


regulation of mRNA processing

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA processing, those processes involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into a mature mRNA prior to its translation into polypeptide.


XPF_HUMAN DNA repair endonuclease XPF (sprot)

A DNA repair endonuclease XPF that is encoded in the genome of human.


ARP3B_HUMAN Actin-related protein 3B (sprot)

An actin-related protein 3B that is encoded in the genome of human.


ACTB_HUMAN Actin, cytoplasmic 1 (sprot)

An actin, cytoplasmic 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MICA1_HUMAN [F-actin]-monooxygenase MICAL1 (sprot)

An [F-actin]-monooxygenase MICAL1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


lovastatin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lovastatin (also known as mevinolin, mevacor or monacolin K), a hypolipidemic inhibitor of (3S)-hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGR).


carbon tetrachloride metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbon tetrachloride, a toxic, carcinogenic compound which is used as a general solvent in industrial degreasing operations. It is also used as grain fumigant and a chemical intermediate in the production of refrigerants.


A member of the class of hydroxycoumarins that is coumarin which is substituted by methoxy, methyl, and hydroxy groups at positions 4, 5 and 7, respectively.


m-Cresol

A cresol with the methyl substituent at position 3. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene.


A dihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of 5-methylorsellinic acid, obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group. It is the major species at pH 7.3.


dihydromonacolin L carboxylate

A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of dihydromonacolin L acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


An oxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the a dianion resulting from the carboxy group and the beta-keto-enol group of 3-farnesyl-6-hydroxy-2,3,5-trimethyl-4-oxocyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid; major species at pH 7.3.


HYDROGEN

An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.


Vinyl Chloride

A monohaloethene that is ethene in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a chloro group.


omeprazole

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.


Cyclophosphamide monohydrate

The monohydrate of cyclophosphamide.


Aflatoxin B2

An aflatoxin having a hexahydrocyclopenta[c]furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene skeleton with oxygen functionality at positions 1, 4 and 11.


monacolin J carboxylate

A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of monacolin J acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


19-hydroxyprostaglandin H2

A prostaglandin H that consists of prostaglandin H2 bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at position 19.


Hydrogen bromide

A diatomic molecule containing covalently bonded hydrogen and bromine atoms.


An indole that consists of 3H-indole bearing a methylene substituent at position 3.


A urea that consists of 1-butylurea having a 4-hydroxymethylbenzenesulfonyl group attached at the 3-position.


N-desmethyl loperamide

A monocarboxylic acid amide that is the methylamide of 4-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl]-2,2-diphenylbutanoic acid.


Hydroxyomeprazole

A sulfoxide that is omeprazole in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 5 on the pyridine ring is substituted by a hydroxy group.


A taxane diterpenoid that consists of paclitaxel bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at the 6alpha-position.


A phosphorodiamide that consists of 2-amino-1,3,2-oxazaphosphinan-4-ol 2-oxide having two 2-chloroethyl groups attached to the exocyclic nitrogen.


hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid

A long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid that is any docosahexaenoic acid bearing a single hydroxy substituent. An oxidation product of docosahexaenoic acid metabolism.


methimazole S-oxide

The S-oxide of methimazole.


A member of the class of aflatoxins that is obtained by the formal epoxidation across the 8,9-double bond of aflatoxin M1.


LOVA_ASPTE Dihydromonacolin L monooxygenase LovA (sprot)


VDTE1_BYSSP FAD-binding monooxygenase VdtE (sprot)


KTNC_ASPNC Bicoumarin synthase ktnC (sprot)


NVFK_ASPN1 FAD-dependent monooxygenase nvfK (sprot)


postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton

The actin cytoskeleton that is part of a postsynapse.


structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton.


histone dopaminyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dopamine + L-glutaminyl-[histone] = 5-dopaminyl-L-glutamyl-[histone] + NH4(+).


BENZTROPINE

Tropane in which a hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a diphenylmethoxy group (endo-isomer). An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used (particularly as its methanesulphonate salt) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.


Triprolidine

An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is acrivastine in which the pyridine ring is lacking the propenoic acid substituent. It is a sedating antihistamine that is used (generally as the monohydrochloride monohydrate) for the relief of the symptoms of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.


Modafinil

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of armodafinil and (S)-modafinil. A central nervous system stimulant, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. The optical enantiomers of modafinil have similar pharmacological actions in animals.


A secondary amino compound that is N-ethylisopropylamine in which a hydrogen of one of the isopropyl methyl groups has been replaced by a 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl group.


Cinnamaldehyde

The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes.


Ursolic Acid

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.


Clorgiline

An aromatic ether that is the 2,4-dichlorophenyl ether of 3-aminopropan-1-ol in which the nitrogen is substituted by a methyl group and a prop-1-yn-3-yl group. A monoamine oxidase inhibitor, it was formerly used as an antidepressant.


Ribavirin

A 1-ribosyltriazole that is the 1-ribofuranosyl derivative of 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide. A synthetic guanosine analogue, it is an inhibitor of HCV polymerase and possesses a broad spectrum of activity against DNA and RNA viruses.


A hydrazone that is hydrazonomalononitrile in which one of the hydrazine hydrogens is substituted by a p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl group.


Sodium Benzoate

An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion.


ventral striatum

A composite structure of the telencephalon that is defined in the striatopallidal system by connectivity and neurochemical staining. It includes the nucleus accumbens, the most ventral portions of the caudate nucleus and the putamen, the rostrolateral portion of the anterior perforated substance, the islands of Calleja and a rostral subcommissural portion of substantia innominata. The boundary between the ventral striatum and dorsal striatum is indistinct in sections stained for Nissl substance (Heimer-1995; adapted from Brain Info).


positive regulation of dopamine secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine.


terminal web

An actin-rich cytoskeletal network located beneath the microvilli of the apical plasma membrane of polarized epithelial cells. In addition to actin filaments, the terminal web may contain actin-binding proteins, myosin motor proteins, and intermediate filaments. The terminal web can function as a contractile structure that influences the spatial distribution of microvilli as well as the development and morphogenesis of tissues containing polarized epithelial cells.


terminal web assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a terminal web.


epithelial cell apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in an epithelial cell.


NVFJ_ASPN1 Asnovolin E/Chermesin D methyltransferase nvfJ (sprot)


inward rectifier potassium channel 13 isoform m2 (mouse)

An inward rectifier potassium channel 13 (mouse) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P86046-1 except that amino acids 155-360 have been replaced by the sequence KRKW. UniProtKB:P86046-1, 1-154, KRKW.


negative regulation of potassium ion transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5 isoform 3 (mouse)

A voltage-gated potassium channel subunit KCNA5 isoform 3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


regulation of eye photoreceptor cell development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of eye photoreceptor development.


neuron cell-cell adhesion

The attachment of a neuron to another cell via adhesion molecules.


pigment cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pigment cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a pigment cell fate.


hindbrain structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the hindbrain. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The hindbrain is the region consisting of the medulla, pons and cerebellum. Areas of the hindbrain control motor and autonomic functions.


cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules

The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that are at least partially embedded in the plasma membrane.


dorsal fin morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the dorsal fin are generated and organized. A dorsal fin is an unpaired medial fin on the dorsal aspect of fish that provides lateral stability while swimming. Generally fish have one or two dorsal fins.


cell migration involved in somitogenic axis elongation

Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that contributes to somitogenic axis elongation.


axial mesoderm structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the axial mesoderm. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure.


aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator

A protein that is a translation product of the human ARNT gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof.


hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha

A protein that is a translation product of the human HIF1A gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof.


STRN_HUMAN Striatin (sprot)

A striatin that is encoded in the genome of human.


CAV2_HUMAN Caveolin-2 (sprot)

A caveolin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein insertion into mitochondrial inner membrane

The processes mediating the insertion of proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Mitochondrial inner membrane proteins can get inserted from the cytosol, by crossing the outer membrane and being guided by an inner membrane translocase complex into their final destination in the inner membrane. Some proteins present in the intermembrane space can get inserted into the inner mitochondrial membrane. Finally, some proteins are inserted into the inner membrane from the matrix side of the membrane.


nucleus-vacuole junction assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a nucleus-vacuole junction (NVJ), membrane contact sites formed between the vacuole membrane and the outer nuclear membrane. In S. cerevisiae these contacts are mediated through direct physical interaction between Vac8p and Nvj1p. The NVJ plays roles in piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus and in the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting pathway.


negative regulation of phosphate transmembrane transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phosphate transmembrane transport.


cell junction maintenance

The organization process that preserves a cell junction in a stable functional or structural state. A cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix.


tight junction

A cell-cell junction that seals cells together in an epithelium in a way that prevents even small molecules from leaking from one side of the sheet to the other.


intestinal mucosa

Mucosal layer that lines the intestine.


CLD3_HUMAN Claudin-3 (sprot)

A claudin-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein localization to spindle pole body

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the spindle pole body.


microtubule cytoskeleton organization involved in mitosis

Any microtubule cytoskeleton organization that is involved in mitosis.


lithium hydride

An alkali metal hydride where the metal is specified as lithium.


Chloroacetaldehyde

Acetaldehyde substituted at C-2 by chlorine.


Sodium Chlorate

An inorganic sodium salt that has chlorate as the counter-ion. An oxidising agent, it is used for bleaching paper and as a herbicide. It is also used in the manufacture of dyes, explosives and matches.


biotin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of biotin, cis-tetrahydro-2-oxothieno(3,4-d)imidazoline-4-valeric acid.


6-carboxyhexanoate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + CoA + pimelate = AMP + diphosphate + H+ + pimelyl-CoA.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-alanine + H+ + pimelyl-CoA = 8-amino-7-oxononanoate + CO2 + CoA.


tyrosine transport

The directed movement of tyrosine, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


arginine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid.


melibiose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of melibiose, the disaccharide 6-O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose.


regulation of filopodium assembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone.


terminal Schwann cell

A neuroglial cell of the peripheral nervous system inside the basal lamina of the neuromuscular junction providing chemical and physical support to the synapse.


ELF3_HUMAN ETS-related transcription factor Elf-3 (sprot)

An ETS-related transcription factor Elf-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


The process of coupling tryptophan to tryptophanyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


The process of coupling methionine to methionyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by methionyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


The process of coupling leucine to leucyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by leucyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


mitochondrial lysyl-tRNA aminoacylation

The process of coupling lysine to lysyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by lysyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


The process of coupling tyrosine to tyrosyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


The process of coupling alanine to alanyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by alanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


maltose alpha-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-maltose + H2O = 2 alpha-D-glucose.


maltose transmembrane transport

The process in which maltose is transported across a membrane.


cortisol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cortisol, the steroid hormone 11-beta-17,21-trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. Cortisol is synthesized from cholesterol in the adrenal gland and controls carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism and has anti-inflammatory properties.


protein adenylylation

The addition of an adenylyl group (adenosine 5'-monophosphate; AMP) to a protein amino acid.


Nitrosoperoxycarbonate

A carbon oxoanion that results from the removal of a proton from nitrosoperoxycarbonic acid. It is formed in vivo by nucleophilic reaction of peroxynitrite with carbon dioxide, and is an important reactive species in inflammation processes.


hydroperoxy fatty acid anion

A fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of any hydroperoxy fatty acid, formed by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid moiety.


GCN2-mediated signaling

A series of reactions in which a signal is passed on to downstream proteins within the cell via GCN2 (also known as EIF2AK4), an intracellular protein kinase that is activated by stress signals, such as amino acid starvation.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, 3'-5' exonucleolytic nonsense-mediated decay

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the nuclear-transcribed mRNA transcript body of an mRNA in which an amino-acid codon has changed to a nonsense codon; occurs when the 3' end is not protected by a 3'-poly(A) tail; degradation proceeds in the 3' to 5' direction.


tRNA 3'-end processing

The process in which the 3' end of a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to that of a mature tRNA.


tRNA 3'-terminal CCA addition

Post-transcriptional addition of the terminal 3' CCA sequence to a tRNA which does not encode this sequence within the primary transcript. CCA addition proceeds by the sequential addition of CTP, CTP, and then ATP to the 3' end of the tRNA, yielding a diphosphate with each nucleotide addition.


suppression by symbiont of host defense-related programmed cell death

Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of defense-related programmed cell death in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


suppression by symbiont of host inflammatory response

Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response of the host organism; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


negative regulation of intracellular transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within cells.


regulation of leukocyte migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte migration.


neutrophil mediated immunity

Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a neutrophil.


regulation of establishment or maintenance of cell polarity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the specification, formation or maintenance of anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns.


sucrose catabolic process to fructose-6-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, which proceeds by phosphorylation of sucrose to form sucrose-6-phosphate. The subsequent actions of a hydrolase and a fructokinase generate fructose-6-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate.


negative regulation of transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


notochord cell vacuolation

The assembly and arrangement of a vacuole within a cell of the notochord.


regulation of cilium assembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cilium assembly.


regulation of heart looping

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heart looping.


eye pigment granule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of intracellular pigment storage granules in the eye.


regulation of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.


regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin.


positive regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway.


anterior neural plate formation

The formation of anterior end of the flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate.


nuclear replisome

A multi-component enzymatic machine at the nuclear replication fork, which mediates DNA replication. Includes DNA primase, one or more DNA polymerases, DNA helicases, and other proteins.


DNA helicase A complex

A homohexameric protein complex that possesses DNA helicase activity; associates with DNA polymerase alpha-primase and translocates in the 5' to 3' direction.


postreplication repair

The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication. Includes pathways that remove replication-blocking lesions in conjunction with DNA replication.


negative regulation of proteolysis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.


negative regulation of mitotic recombination

Any process that inhibits or decreases the rate of DNA recombination during mitosis.


organelle membrane

A membrane that is one of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope or the outermost membrane of single membrane bound organelle.


optokinetic behavior

The behavior of an organism pertaining to movement of the eyes and of objects in the visual field, as in nystagmus.


regulation of histone acetylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of an acetyl group to a histone protein.


cellular response to anoxia

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating a decline in oxygen levels to trace amounts, <0.1%.


lamellar body membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding a lamellar body. A lamellar body is a membrane-bounded organelle, specialized for the storage and secretion of various substances (surfactant phospholipids, glycoproteins and acid phosphates) which are arranged in the form of tightly packed, concentric, membrane sheets or lamellae. Has some similar properties to, but is distinct from, a lysosome.


APOB_HUMAN Apolipoprotein B-100 (sprot)

An apolipoprotein B-100 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ABCA3_HUMAN Phospholipid-transporting ATPase ABCA3 (sprot)

A phospholipid-transporting ATPase ABCA3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


branching morphogenesis of a nerve

The process in which the anatomical structures of branches in a nerve are generated and organized. This term refers to an anatomical structure (nerve) not a cell (neuron).


regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production.


regulation of intestinal epithelial cell development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal epithelial cell development.


melanocyte migration

The orderly movement of melanocytes from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. A melanocyte is a pigment cell derived from the neural crest. It contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which give a brown to black appearance.


pigment granule aggregation in cell center

The directed movement of dispersed pigment granules towards the center of the cell.


pigment granule dispersal

The directed movement of pigment granules within a cell towards the cell periphery.


pyridoxal phosphate binding

Binding to pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6.


translation elongation factor binding

Binding to a translation elongation factor, any polypeptide factor involved in the peptide elongation in ribosome-mediated translation.


positive regulation of iridophore differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of iridophore differentiation.


arachidonic acid monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the incorporation of one atom from molecular oxygen into arachidonic acid and the reduction of the other atom of oxygen to water.


regulation of DNA replication

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication.


negative regulation of sister chromatid cohesion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid cohesion.


negative regulation of chromosome segregation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome segregation, the process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets.


glycosylceramide

A ceramide compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxy group of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide (or derivative) by a ceramide group.


ceramide translocation

The movement of a ceramide molecule from one leaflet of a membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet.


nuclear pore localization

Any process in which nuclear pores are transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


nuclear pore organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear pore.


pancreatic D cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features that characterize a pancreatic delta cell. A delta cell is a cell of the pancreas that produces somatostatin.


enteroendocrine cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of an enteroendocrine cell. Enteroendocrine cells are hormonally active epithelial cells in the gut that constitute the diffuse neuroendocrine system.


pancreatic epsilon cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features of a pancreatic epsilon cell. A pancreatic epsilon cell is a cell in the pancreas that secretes ghrelin.


negative regulation of pancreatic A cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic A cell differentiation.


regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides, catalyzed by RNA polymerase II.


neuroblast differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuroblast. There are at least four stages through which the pluripotent cells of epiblast or blastula become neuroblasts.


negative regulation of amyloid fibril formation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of amyloid fibril formation.


invasive growth in response to glucose limitation

A growth pattern exhibited by budding haploid cells under certain growth conditions, in which cells retain the typical axial budding pattern of haploids, but become elongated and fail to separate after division; during growth on a solid substrate, this results in penetration of cells into the agar medium. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


negative regulation of triglyceride biosynthetic process

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of triglyceride biosynthesis. Triglyceride biosynthesis is the collection of chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.


maintenance of nucleus location

Any process in which the nucleus is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


SIR5_HUMAN NAD-dependent protein deacylase sirtuin-5, mitochondrial (sprot)

An NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein desumoylation

The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is cleaved from its target protein.


histone H3-containing nucleosome

A complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins containing the histone H3, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures.


alkylglycerol

A glycerol ether having at least one alkyl substituent on oxygen.


negative regulation of phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process.


A glycerophosphocholine having an unspecified O-acyl substituent at the 1-position of the glycerol fragment.


lysophosphatidylcholine 14:0

A lysophosphatidylcholine in which the remaining acyl group is specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl). If R1 is the acyl group and R2 is a hydrogen then the molecule is a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine.  If R1 is a hydrogen and R2 is the acyl group then the molecule is a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine.


lysophosphatidylcholine 22:6

An acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in which the acyl group (position not specified) contains 22 carbons with 6 double bonds.


PPCT_HUMAN Phosphatidylcholine transfer protein (sprot)

A phosphatidylcholine transfer protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


STAR7_HUMAN StAR-related lipid transfer protein 7, mitochondrial (sprot)

A StAR-related lipid transfer protein 7, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


clathrin-sculpted vesicle

A clathrin-sculpted lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicle after clathrin release.


multivesicular body, internal vesicle

A membrane-bounded vesicle wholly contained within a multivesicular body.


endosome to melanosome transport

The directed movement of substances from endosomes to the melanosome, a specialised lysosome-related organelle.


histidine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving histidine, 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid.


lysine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.


regulation of plasma lipoprotein particle levels

Any process involved in the maintenance of internal levels of plasma lipoprotein particles within an organism.


actin filament network formation

The assembly of a network of actin filaments; actin filaments on different axes and with differing orientations are crosslinked together to form a mesh of filaments.


aspartate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, 2-aminobutanedioic acid.


membrane fusion

The membrane organization process that joins two lipid bilayers to form a single membrane.


VP33B_HUMAN Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33B (sprot)

A vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33B that is encoded in the genome of human.


L-glutamine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-glutamine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-glutamine is 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid.


glutamine transport

The directed movement of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


microfibril

Extracellular matrix components occurring independently or along with elastin. Thought to have force-bearing functions in tendon. In addition to fibrillins, microfibrils may contain other associated proteins.


capsule of lens

The elastic, clear, membrane-like structure, that is outer most layer of the lens.


Arp2/3 protein complex

A stable protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5), and functions in the nucleation of branched actin filaments.


muscle cell projection membrane

The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a muscle cell projection.


positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading.


sarcoplasm

The cytoplasm of a muscle cell; includes the sarcoplasmic reticulum.


microfibril binding

Binding to a microfibril, any small fibril occurring in biological material.


extracellular matrix constituent conferring elasticity

A component of the extracellular matrix that enables the matrix to recoil after transient stretching.


supramolecular fiber organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a supramolecular fiber, a polymer consisting of an indefinite number of protein or protein complex subunits that have polymerised to form a fiber-shaped structure.


hippocampal mossy fiber

Axon of dentate gyrus granule cell projecting to hippocampal area CA3, characterized by expansions (mossy fiber expansions) giving the fibers a mossy appearance. These unmyelinated axons were first described by Ramon y Cajal.


positive regulation of transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


AP-1 adaptor complex binding

Binding to an AP-1 adaptor complex. The AP-1 adaptor complex is a heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta1, gamma, mu1 and sigma1 subunits and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle. In at least humans, the AP-1 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (gamma1 and gamma2, mu1A and mu1B, and sigma1A, sigma1B and sigma1C).


positive regulation of cholesterol import

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cholesterol import.


Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation

The actin nucleation process in which actin monomers combine to form a new branch on the side of an existing actin filament; mediated by the Arp2/3 protein complex and its interaction with other proteins.


lytic vacuole

A vacuole that is maintained at an acidic pH and which contains degradative enzymes, including a wide variety of acid hydrolases.


positive regulation of protein exit from endoplasmic reticulum

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of directed movement of proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum.


macrophage proliferation

The expansion of a macrophage population by cell division.


septin complex

A protein complex containing septins. Typically, these complexes contain multiple septins and are oligomeric.


septin cytoskeleton

The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of septins and associated proteins. Includes septin cytoskeleton-associated complexes.


septin filament array

Arrays of septin filaments, or bars, found in a series of filamentous structures. Such structures have been observed in the prospore membrane during spore formation in S. cerevisiae and in the chlamydospore membrane during chlamydospore formation in C. albicans.


septin ring

A tight ring-shaped structure that forms in the division plane at the site of cytokinesis; composed of members of the conserved family of filament-forming proteins called septins as well as septin-associated proteins. This type of septin structure is observed at the bud neck of budding fungal cells, at the site of cell division in animal cells, at the junction between the mother cell and a pseudohyphal projection, and also within hyphae of filamentous fungi at sites where a septum will form.


pseudopodium retraction

The myosin-based contraction and retraction of a pseudopodium.


cortical cytoskeleton organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane.


cellular pigmentation

The deposition or aggregation of coloring matter in a cell.


CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response

The process in which an antigenically naive CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell as part of an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells.


unconventional myosin-IXb isoform 3 (mouse)

An unconventional myosin-IXb (mouse) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q9QY06-3.


unconventional myosin-IXb isoform 1 (mouse)

An unconventional myosin-IXb (mouse) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q9QY06-1.


ATPase binding

Binding to an ATPase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP.


negative regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity

Any process that decreases the activity of a ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel. The ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel catalyzes the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when a ryanodine class ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


negative regulation of protein localization to cilium

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cilium.


lysosomal matrix

A matrix composed of supramolecular assemblies of lysosomal enzymes and lipids which forms at a pH of 5.0 within the lysosome.


chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding

The process of assisting in the correct posttranslational noncovalent assembly of proteins, which is dependent on additional protein cofactors. This process occurs over one or several cycles of nucleotide hydrolysis-dependent binding and release.


clathrin coat disassembly

The disaggregation of a clathrin coat into its constituent components; results in stripping or removing the clathrin coat from clathrin-coated vesicles (CCV) before fusing with their targets. CVVs transport cargo from plasma membrane and trans-Golgi to the endosomal system.


collagen receptor activity

Combining with a collagen and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


positive regulation of B cell activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B cell activation.


TRPDC_CLOS1 Tryptophan decarboxylase (sprot)


TRPDC_RUMGV Tryptophan decarboxylase (sprot)


TRPC_BACTN Indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthase (sprot)


granuloma formation

The formation of nodular inflammatory lesions, usually small or granular, firm, persistent, well-structured, and containing compactly grouped T lymphocytes and modified phagocytes such as epithelioid cells, giant cells, and other macrophages. Granuloma formation represents a chronic inflammatory response initiated by various infectious and noninfectious agents. The center of a granuloma consists of fused macrophages, which can become necrotic.


acetoacetic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetoacetic acid, 3-oxobutanoic acid; the empirical formula is C4H6O3 or CH3COCH2COOH.


FBN2_MOUSE Fibrillin-2 (sprot)

A fibrillin-2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


S35D3_HUMAN Solute carrier family 35 member D3 (sprot)

A solute carrier family 35 member D3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


microtubule-based process

Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins.


mast cell secretory granule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule in a mast cell. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion.


zinc export across plasma membrane

The directed movement of zinc ions from a cell, into the extracellular region.


dopachrome isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-dopachrome = 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylate.


positive regulation of binding

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of binding, the selective interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule.


regulation of establishment of blood-brain barrier

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the establishment of the blood-brain barrier, a selectively permeable structural and functional barrier that exists between the capillaries and the brain.


synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic active zone membrane

Fusion of the membrane of a synaptic vesicle with the presynaptic active zone membrane, thereby releasing its cargo neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft.


terminal button organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a terminal button. A terminal button is the terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters.


regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphate from a phosphoprotein.


actin rod assembly

The assembly of actin rods, a cellular structure consisting of parallel, hexagonally arranged actin tubules.


cellular response to ATP

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ATP (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) stimulus.


glomerular mesangial cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerular mesangial cell in the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


regulation of protein targeting to vacuolar membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein targeting to vacuolar membrane.


COPI-coated vesicle

A vesicle with a coat formed of the COPI coat complex proteins. COPI-coated vesicles are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state, are involved in Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum (retrograde) vesicle transport, and possibly also in intra-Golgi transport.


Golgi vesicle transport

The directed movement of substances into, out of or within the Golgi apparatus, mediated by vesicles.


regulation of vesicle size

Any process that modulates the size of a vesicle.


regulation of actin nucleation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation, the initial step in the formation of an actin filament in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament.


renal water absorption

A renal system process in which water is taken up from the collecting ducts and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures.


postsynaptic endocytic zone

A stably positioned site of clathrin adjacent and physically attached to the postsynaptic specialization, which is the site of endocytosis of post-synaptic proteins.


opsin binding

Binding to an opsin, any of a group of hydrophobic, integral membrane glycoproteins located primarily in the disc membrane of rods or cones, involved in photoreception.


opsin transport

The directed movement of an opsin (a G protein-coupled receptor of photoreceptor cells) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


branching involved in labyrinthine layer morphogenesis

The process in which the branches of the fetal placental villi are generated and organized. The villous part of the placenta is called the labyrinth layer.


negative regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid dendritic cell activation.


negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus.


background adaptation

Any process in which an organism changes its pigmentation (lightening in response to a brighter environment or darkening in response to a dimmer environment) in response to a change in light intensity.


histone acetyltransferase regulator activity

Binds to and modulates the activity of histone acetyltransferase.


positive regulation of protein deacetylation

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein deacetylation, the removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid.


cellular tumor antigen p53 acetylated 2 (mouse)

A cellular tumor antigen p53 (mouse) that has been acetylated at the position equivalent to Lys-379 of the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P02340. UniProtKB:P02340, Lys-379, MOD:00064.


NCBP1_HUMAN Nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 1 (sprot)

A nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NCBP2_HUMAN Nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 2 (sprot)

A nuclear cap-binding protein subunit 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SRSF5_HUMAN Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 5 (sprot)

A serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SRS11_HUMAN Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 11 (sprot)

A serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 11 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SRSF9_HUMAN Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 9 (sprot)

A serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


U2AF2_HUMAN Splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit (sprot)

A splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit that is encoded in the genome of human.


SRSF4_HUMAN Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 4 (sprot)

A serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


U2AF1_HUMAN Splicing factor U2AF 35 kDa subunit (sprot)

A splicing factor U2AF 35 kDa subunit that is encoded in the genome of human.


U2AF4_HUMAN Splicing factor U2AF 26 kDa subunit (sprot)

A splicing factor U2AF 26 kDa subunit that is encoded in the genome of human.


intracellular distribution of mitochondria

Any process that establishes the spatial arrangement of mitochondria within the cell.


regulation of axon regeneration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axon regeneration.


epidermal growth factor binding

Binding to epidermal growth factor.


morphogenesis of an epithelial fold

The morphogenetic process in which an epithelial sheet bends along a linear axis.


regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell differentiation.


positive regulation of timing of anagen

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of timing of anagen, the growth phase of the hair cycle.


membrane biogenesis

A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a membrane.


keratin filament binding

Binding to a keratin filament, an intermediate filament composed of acidic and basic keratins (types I and II), typically expressed in epithelial cells.


regulation of antibacterial peptide production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antibacterial peptide production.


mitochondrial respiratory chain complex IV

A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Contains the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2).


mitochondrial DNA replication

The process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized in the mitochondrion.


positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

Any signaling pathway that increases or activates a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G1 phase to S phase of the mitotic cell cycle.


regulation of succinate dehydrogenase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of succinate dehydrogenase activity.


cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of the embryonic placenta.


peptide secretion

The controlled release of a peptide from a cell or a tissue.


regulation of integrin biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of integrins.


spot adherens junction

A small cell-cell adherens junction assembled during the cellularization stage of insect embyrogenesis; spot adherens junctions later fuse to form the zonula adherens.


positive regulation of timing of catagen

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of timing of catagen, the regression phase of the hair cycle.


hair inner root sheath

A multilayered tube composed of terminally differentiated hair follicle keratinocytes that is surrounded by the outer root sheath; the layers of the inner root sheath include the companion layer, Henle's layer, Huxley's layer and the inner root sheath cuticle[MP].


hair cycle

The cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair; one of the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of an animal, and forming a covering for a part of the head or for any part or the whole of the body.


odontoblast differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell of neural crest origin acquires the specialized features of an odontoblast, a cell on the outer surface of the dental pulp whose biological function is the creation of dentin.


nail development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a nail over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A nail is a horn-like envelope covering the outer end of a finger or toe, and consists of the nail plate, the nail matrix and the nail bed below it, and the grooves surrounding it.


tongue morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the tongue are generated and organized. The tongue is the movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth of most vertebrates, in man other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in speech.


regulation of hair cycle

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair.


positive regulation of chondrocyte proliferation

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage.


trachea gland development

The progression of a trachea gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Trachea glands are found under the mucus of the trachea and secrete mucus, and agents that help protect the lung from injury and infection.


KAD2_HUMAN Adenylate kinase 2, mitochondrial (sprot)

An adenylate kinase 2, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphinganine-1-phosphate, the phosphorylated derivative of D-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol.


regulation of type 2 immune response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a type 2 immune response.


regulation of T cell migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell migration.


alcohol-forming very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a very long chain fatty acyl-CoA + NADPH + H+ = a very long chain primary alcohol + NADP+ + CoA. A very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA) is a fatty acid with an aliphatic tail of 22 or more carbons.


post-embryonic camera-type eye development

The process occurring during the post-embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the camera-type eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


Golgi cis cisterna

The Golgi cisterna closest to the endoplasmic reticulum; the first processing compartment through which proteins pass after export from the ER.


neutral sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + sphingomyelin = ceramide + choline phosphate + H+ in a neutral environment.


peptide hormone secretion

The regulated release of a peptide hormone from a cell.


dentinogenesis

The process whose specific outcome is the formation of dentin, the mineralized tissue that constitutes the major bulk of teeth. Dentin may be one of three types: primary dentin, secondary dentin, and tertiary dentin.


sphingomyelin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine.


polysaccharide transport

The directed movement of polysaccharides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A polysaccharide is a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically.


negative regulation of hyaluronan biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hyaluronan biosynthetic process.


cellular response to magnesium ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a magnesium ion stimulus.


sphingomyelin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine, any of a class of phospholipids in which the amino group of sphingosine is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxyl group of sphingosine is esterified to phosphorylcholine.


long-chain fatty acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a long-chain fatty acid, a fatty acid with an aliphatic tail of 13 to 21 carbons.


diacylglycerol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diacylglycerol, a glyceride in which any two of the R groups (positions not specified) are acyl groups while the remaining R group can be either H or an alkyl group.


negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of amyloid-beta clearance.


neuregulin binding

Binding to a neuregulin, a member of the EGF family of growth factors.


establishment of planar polarity involved in nephron morphogenesis

Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium that contributes to the shaping of a nephron.


gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1

A GABA(A) receptor protein that is a translation product of the human GABRA1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof.


gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6

A GABA(A) receptor protein that is a translation product of the human GABRA6 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof.


gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5

A GABA(A) receptor protein that is a translation product of the human GABRA5 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof.


epidermal-dermal junction

The multi-layer basement membrane between the dermis and epidermis that serves to adhere the dermis and epidermis, provide mechanical support for the epidermis, and forms a barrier to cells and large molecules across the junction.


glycosphingolipid binding

Binding to glycosphingolipid, a compound with residues of sphingoid and at least one monosaccharide.


mammary gland epithelium development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mammary gland epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk.


outflow tract septum morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the outflow tract septum are generated and organized. The outflow tract septum is a partition in the outflow tract.


wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells

The migration of an epidermal cell along or through a wound gap that contributes to the reestablishment of a continuous epidermis.


negative regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription regulatory region DNA binding.


frontal suture morphogenesis

The process in which the frontal suture is generated and organized.


activation of meiosis

Any process that starts the inactive process of meiosis.


cellular response to estradiol stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.


negative regulation of CREB transcription factor activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor CREB.


ErbB-2 class receptor binding

Binding to a protein-tyrosine kinase receptor Neu/ErbB-2/HER2.


chemorepulsion involved in interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortex

The creation and reception of signals that result in the movement of interneurons away from the signal during migration from the subpallium to the cortex.


autophagosome organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an autophagosome.


regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metalloendopeptidase activity.


negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process

Any process that decreases the rate or extent of cardiac cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death.


coronary vasculature morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of blood vessels of the heart are generated and organized. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood.


tricuspid valve formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the tricuspid valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell over time, from its formation to the mature state.


Smc5-Smc6 complex

A conserved complex that contains a heterodimer of SMC proteins (Smc5p and Smc6p, or homologs thereof) and several other proteins, and is involved in DNA repair and maintaining cell cycle arrest following DNA damage. In S. cerevisiae, this is an octameric complex called Mms21-Smc5-Smc6 complex, with at least five of its subunits conserved in fission yeast and humans.


mediator complex binding

Binding to a mediator complex. The mediator complex is a protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins.


telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening

Any process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure by affecting and monitoring the activity of telomeric proteins and lengthening the telomeric DNA.


signal transduction by p53 class mediator

An intracellular signaling process that is induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53 or an equivalent protein.


cellular response to fatty acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fatty acid stimulus.


mammary gland morphogenesis

The process in which anatomical structures of the mammary gland are generated and organized. Morphogenesis refers to the creation of shape. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk.


negative regulation of type 2 immune response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a type 2 immune response.


positive regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgE isotypes.


negative regulation of macrophage fusion

Any process that stops, prevents, or decreases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage fusion.


regulation of store-operated calcium entry

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of store-operated calcium entry.


phagosome-lysosome fusion involved in apoptotic cell clearance

The creation of a phagolysosome from a phagosome and a lysosome as a part of apoptotic cell clearance.


epithelial cell of stratum germinativum of esophagus

A basal cell that is part of the epithelium of esophagus.


inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol trisphosphate, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, with three phosphate groups attached.


regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling.


somatotropin secreting cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a somatotropin secreting cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A somatotropin secreting cell is an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin.


positive regulation of inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol trisphosphate.


prolactin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving prolactin, a protein hormone of the anterior pituitary gland that promotes lactation in response to the suckling stimulus of hungry young mammals.


thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion

The regulated release of thyroid-stimulating hormone, a peptide hormone that stimulates the activity of the thyroid gland, from secretory granules in the anterior pituitary.


positive regulation of growth hormone secretion

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of growth hormone from a cell.


luteinizing hormone secretion

The regulated release of luteinizing hormone, a gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary.


follicle-stimulating hormone secretion

The regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone, a gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary.


synaptic transmission involved in micturition

The process of communication from a neuron to a smooth muscle in the bladder that contributes to the expulsion of urine from the body.


prolactin receptor binding

Binding to a prolactin receptor.


regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of receptor signaling via JAK-STAT.


growth hormone receptor binding

Binding to a growth hormone receptor.


positive regulation of glucose transmembrane transport

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport across a membrane. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway.


GHR_MOUSE Growth hormone receptor (sprot)

A growth hormone receptor that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


leptin-mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by leptin binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Leptin is a hormone manufactured primarily in the adipocytes of white adipose tissue, and the level of circulating leptin is directly proportional to the total amount of fat in the body.


peptide hormone receptor binding

Binding to a receptor for a peptide hormone.


subthalamic nucleus development

The progression of the subthalamic nucleus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The subthalamic nucleus is the lens-shaped nucleus located in the ventral part of the subthalamus on the inner aspect of the internal capsule that is concerned with the integration of somatic motor function.


negative regulation of hormone biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hormones.


co-transcriptional gene silencing by RNA interference machinery

A process in which the RNAi machinery mediates the degradation of nascent transcripts in association with chromatin.


ODPA_YEAST Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, mitochondrial (sprot)

A protein that is a translation product of the PDA1 gene in yeast.


histone H3-K27 acetylation

The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 27 of the histone.


positive regulation of calcium ion import

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle.


positive regulation of enamel mineralization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of enamel mineralization, the deposition of calcium salts in tooth enamel.


negative regulation of chondrocyte proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage.


ameloblast differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an ameloblast, a cylindrical epithelial cell in the innermost layer of the enamel organ.


cellular response to cell-matrix adhesion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of cell-matrix adhesion.


mandibular condyle articular cartilage development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of mandibular joint condyle articular cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


negative regulation of growth plate cartilage chondrocyte proliferation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes in a growing endochondral bone, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


S-shaped body morphogenesis

The process in which the S-shaped body is generated and organized. The S-shaped body is the successor of the comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron.


skeletal muscle fiber differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a skeletal muscle fiber cell. Skeletal muscle fiber differentiation starts with myoblast fusion and the appearance of specific cell markers (this is the cell development step). Then individual skeletal muscle fibers fuse to form bigger myotubes and start to contract.


notochord cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features cells that make up the notochord. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a notochord cell fate.


endocardium morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the endocardium is generated and organized. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.


intermediate mesoderm development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the intermediate mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The intermediate mesoderm is located between the lateral mesoderm and the paraxial mesoderm. It develops into the kidney and gonads.


mesodermal to mesenchymal transition involved in gastrulation

The epithelial to mesenchymal transition process in which a mesodermal cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell as part of the process of gastrulation.


cyclin D2-CDK4 complex

A protein complex consisting of cyclin D2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner.


cellular response to phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate stimulus.


cellular response to ionomycin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ionomycin stimulus.


cyclin D2-CDK6 complex

A protein complex consisting of cyclin D2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner.


response to 5-fluorouracil

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 5-fluorouracil stimulus.


cyclin A1-CDK2 complex

A protein complex consisting of cyclin A1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner.


cyclin E1-CDK2 complex

A protein complex consisting of cyclin E1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner.


cyclin E2-CDK2 complex

A protein complex consisting of cyclin E2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner.


cyclin A2-CDK2 complex

A protein complex consisting of cyclin A2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner.


positive regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication initiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of initiation of DNA-dependent DNA replication.


establishment of protein localization to telomere

The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the telomeric region of a chromosome.


regulation of cell-matrix adhesion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to the extracellular matrix.


maintenance of cell number

Any process by which the numbers of cells of a particular type or in a tissue are maintained.


beta-3 adrenergic receptor binding

Binding to a beta-3 adrenergic receptor.


regulation of cytoplasmic translation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translation.


synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction

The assembly of a synapse at a neuromuscular junction.


olfactory sociosexual communication

The use of external chemical cues called pheromones to send social and sexual information between members of the same species, leading to specific behavioral responses. Pheromones may be detected by two olfactory sensory circuits, the main olfactory pathway and the vomeronasal system.


regulation of RNA stability

Any process that modulates the propensity of RNA molecules to degradation. Includes processes that both stabilize and destabilize RNAs.


negative regulation of calcineurin-mediated signaling

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcineurin-mediated signaling.


regulation of heart morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heart morphogenesis.


sensory perception of bitter taste

The series of events required to receive a bitter taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


sensory perception of umami taste

The series of events required to receive an umami taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Umami taste is the savory taste of meats and other foods that are rich in glutamates. This is a neurological process.


sensory perception of sweet taste

The series of events required to receive a sweet taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


regulation of mating type switching

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mating type switching, the conversion of a single-cell organism from one mating type to another by the precise replacement of a DNA sequence at the expressed mating type locus with a copy of a sequence from a donor locus.


regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein.


regulation of activation of Janus kinase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of activation of JAK (Janus Activated Kinase) protein. The activation of JAK protein is the process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a JAK (Janus Activated Kinase) protein, thereby activating it.


type I interferon receptor binding

Binding to an interferon-type I receptor, a heterodimeric complex composed of an alpha subunit (IFNAR1) and a beta subunit (IFNAR2).


protein phosphorylated amino acid binding

Binding to a phosphorylated amino acid residue within a protein.


postsynaptic specialization assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynaptic specialization, a region that lies adjacent to the cytoplasmic face of the postsynaptic membrane.


reelin-mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of reelin (a secreted glycoprotein) to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


activation of GTPase activity

Any process that initiates the activity of an inactive GTPase through the replacement of GDP by GTP.


cerebellar neuron development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cerebellar neuron over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin.


helper T cell diapedesis

The passage of a helper T cell between the tight junctions of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, typically the fourth and final step of cellular extravasation.


lamellipodium morphogenesis

A process that is carried out at the cellular level and in which the structure of a lamellipodium is organized.


platelet alpha granule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a platelet alpha granule. A platelet alpha granule is a secretory organelle found in blood platelets.


phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform 2 (mouse)

A phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform 1 (mouse)

A phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type-1 gamma isoform 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


regulation of kinetochore assembly

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of kinetochore assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the kinetochore, a multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules.


negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation in thymus

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus.


positive regulation of dentin-containing tooth bud formation by mesenchymal-epithelial signaling

Any process that initiates the formation of a tooth bud by the secretion of a signal from a mesenchymal cell and its reception and subsequent change in the identity of an epithelial cell of the tooth bud.