Clobenpropit

An imidothiocarbamic ester that consists of isothiourea bearing S-3-(imidazol-4-yl)propyl and N-4-chlorobenzyl substituents. An extremely potent histamine H3 antagonist/inverse agonist (pA2 = 9.93). Also displays partial agonist activity at H4 receptors; induces eosinophil shape change with an EC50 of 3 nM.


Tetramethylammonium

The simplest quaternary ammonium cation, comprising a central nitrogen linked to four methyl groups.


Nadolol

Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.


Midodrine

An aromatic ether that is 1,4-dimethoxybenzene which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-(glycylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with selective alpha-adrenergic agonist activity, it is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a peripheral vasoconstrictor in the treatment of certain hypotensive states. The main active moiety is its major metabolite, deglymidodrine.


Sulfamerazine

A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a methyl substituent at the 4-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.


monocarboxylic acid transport

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The directed movement of monocarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


L-hydroxyproline transmembrane transporter activity

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Enables the transfer of L-hydroxyproline from one side of a membrane to the other.


group XIIA secretory phospholipase A2 isoform m2 (mouse)

A group XIIA secretory phospholipase A2 (mouse) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q9EPR2-2.


semicircular canal development

The progression of the semicircular canal from its initial formation to the mature structure.


equilibrioception

The series of events required for an organism to receive an orientational stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Equilibrioception refers to a combination of processes by which an organism can perceive its orientation with respect to gravity. In animals, stimuli come from labyrinth system of the inner ears, monitoring the direction of motion; visual stimuli, with information on orientation and motion; pressure receptors, which tell the organism which body surfaces are in contact with the ground; and proprioceptive cues, which report which parts of the body are in motion.


granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor binding

Binding to a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor.


CSF3_MOUSE Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (sprot)

A granulocyte colony-stimulating factor that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


spinal cord motor neuron migration

The orderly movement of a spinal cord motor neuron from one site to another. A spinal cord motor neuron is a motor neuron that passes from the spinal cord toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes movement.


vestibulocochlear nerve development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vestibulocochlear nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This sensory nerve innervates the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The vestibular branch innervates the vestibular apparatus that senses head position changes relative to gravity. The auditory branch innervates the cochlear duct, which is connected to the three bony ossicles which transduce sound waves into fluid movement in the cochlea.


auditory behavior

The behavior of an organism in response to a sound.


positive regulation of synapse assembly

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse.


vestibular reflex

A reflex process in which a response to an angular or linear acceleration stimulus begins with an afferent nerve impulse from a receptor in the inner ear and ends with the compensatory action of eye muscles. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness.


linear vestibuloocular reflex

A vestibular reflex by which a response to a linear acceleration stimulus begins with an afferent nerve impulse from a receptor in the otolith and ends with the compensatory action of eye muscles. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness.


tube formation

Creation of the central hole of a tube in an anatomical structure through which gases and/or liquids flow.


synaptic target recognition

The process in which a neuronal cell in a multicellular organism interprets signals produced by potential target cells, with which it may form synapses.


mesenchyme development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesenchymal tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mesenchymal tissue is made up of loosely packed stellate cells.


mesenchymal-epithelial cell signaling

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an epithelial cell where it is received and interpreted.


primary palate development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a primary palate over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


suckling behavior

Specific behavior of a newborn or infant mammal that results in the derivation of nourishment from the breast.


coronary artery morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of coronary arteries are generated and organized. Coronary arteries are blood vessels that transport blood to the heart muscle.


cell proliferation involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the shaping of the outflow tract.


visceral serous pericardium development

The progression of the visceral serous pericardium from its formation to the mature structure. The visceral serous pericardium is the inner layer of the pericardium.


SPT6H_HUMAN Transcription elongation factor SPT6 (sprot)

A transcription elongation factor SPT6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


IWS1_HUMAN Protein IWS1 homolog (sprot)

A protein IWS1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


histone H3K9 acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H3 L-lysine (position 9) = CoA + histone H3 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 9).


histone H3K14 acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H3 L-lysine (position 14) = CoA + histone H3 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 14).


spliceosomal complex

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Any of a series of ribonucleoprotein complexes that contain snRNA(s) and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and are formed sequentially during the spliceosomal splicing of one or more substrate RNAs, and which also contain the RNA substrate(s) from the initial target RNAs of splicing, the splicing intermediate RNA(s), to the final RNA products. During cis-splicing, the initial target RNA is a single, contiguous RNA transcript, whether mRNA, snoRNA, etc., and the released products are a spliced RNA and an excised intron, generally as a lariat structure. During trans-splicing, there are two initial substrate RNAs, the spliced leader RNA and a pre-mRNA.


positive regulation of myoblast proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast proliferation.


A hydroxy fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of 18-hydroxyarachidonic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


12-Hydroxydodecanoic acid

A medium-chain fatty acid that is the 12-hydroxylated derivative of lauric acid.


A HETE that is icosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 12. It is a metabolite of arachidonic acid.


bone marrow development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the bone marrow over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


positive regulation of protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity.


AP-1 adaptor complex

A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta1, gamma, mu1 and sigma1 subunits and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle; vesicles with AP-1-containing coats are normally found primarily in the trans-Golgi network. In at least humans, the AP-1 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (gamma1 and gamma2, mu1A and mu1B, and sigma1A, sigma1B and sigma1C).


AP-3 adaptor complex

A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta3, delta, mu3 and sigma3 subunits and is found associated with endosomal membranes. AP-3 does not appear to associate with clathrin in all organisms. In at least humans, the AP-3 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (beta3A and beta3B, mu3A and mu3B, and sigma3A and sigma3B).


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TTT complex

A protein complex responsible for the stabilisation of protein levels of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinase (PIKK) family proteins. The TTT complex can also be found as part of the ASTRA complex (GO:0070209).


NCK2_MOUSE Cytoplasmic protein NCK2 (sprot)

A cytoplasmic protein NCK2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


EPHB1_MOUSE Ephrin type-B receptor 1 (sprot)

An ephrin type-B receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


GIT2_MOUSE ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT2 (sprot)

An ARF GTPase-activating protein GIT2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


transcription elongation factor complex

Any protein complex that interacts with RNA polymerase II to increase (positive transcription elongation factor) or reduce (negative transcription elongation factor) the rate of transcription elongation.


phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class III

A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that contains a catalytic class III phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) subunit bound to a regulatory (adaptor) subunit. Additional adaptor proteins may be present. Class III PI3Ks have a substrate specificity restricted to phosphatidylinositol (PI).


Lsd1/2 complex

A nucleosome-binding protein complex that comprises two SWIRM domain histone demethylases and two PHD finger proteins. The complex is involved in transcriptional regulation via heterochromatic silencing and the regulation of chromatin boundary formation, and was first identified in fission yeast.


AF1L1_MOUSE Actin filament-associated protein 1-like 1 (sprot)

An actin filament-associated protein 1-like 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


PRS8_MOUSE 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 (sprot)

A 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 8 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


MIS12/MIND type complex

A multiprotein kinetochore subcomplex that binds to centromeric chromatin and forms part of the outer kinetochore. It helps to recruit outer kinetochore subunits that will bind to microtubules. In humans, it consists of MIS12, DSN1, NSL1 and PMF1.


nuclear exosome (RNase complex)

A ribonuclease complex that has 3-prime to 5-prime processive and distributive hydrolytic exoribonuclease activity and endoribonuclease activity, producing 5-prime-phosphomonoesters. Participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events preventing nuclear export and/or translation of aberrant RNAs. Restricted to processing linear and circular single-stranded RNAs (ssRNA) only. RNAs with complex secondary structures may have to be unwound or pre-processed by co-factors prior to entering the complex, esp if the 3-prime end is structured.


Ndc80 complex

An essential outer kinetochore complex involved in the attachment of microtubule ends to the chromosomes during mitosis.


retromer, cargo-selective complex

The trimeric subcomplex of the retromer, believed to be closely associated with the membrane. This trimeric complex is responsible for recognizing and binding to cargo molecules. The complex comprises three Vps proteins in both yeast and mammalian cells: Vps35p, Vps29p, and Vps26p in yeast, and VPS35, VPS29 and VPS26A or VPS26B in mammals.


TRAMP complex

A multiprotein complex having distributive polyadenylation activity of a variety of RNA substrates including hypomodified and incorrectly folded tRNAs, pre-snRNAs, pre-snoRNAs, incorrectly spliced or processed pre-mRNAs, cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), pre-rRNAs and rRNA fragments released as part of rRNA processing. In S. cerevisiae, the complex consists of either Pap2 (also known as Trf4) or Trf5, Air1 or Air2, and Mtr4, and is involved in RNA 3'-end processing and in RNA surveillance and quality control.


mitotic septin complex

A heterooligomeric septin complex that acts during mitotic cell division.


SPAT2_HUMAN Spermatogenesis-associated protein 2 (sprot)

A spermatogenesis-associated protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SNP29_HUMAN Synaptosomal-associated protein 29 (sprot)

A synaptosomal-associated protein 29 that is encoded in the genome of human.


COG5_HUMAN Conserved oligomeric Golgi complex subunit 5 (sprot)

A conserved oligomeric Golgi complex subunit 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


BL1S1_HUMAN Biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 subunit 1 (sprot)

A biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 subunit 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


BL1S3_HUMAN Biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 subunit 3 (sprot)

A biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 subunit 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


BL1S5_HUMAN Biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 subunit 5 (sprot)

A protein Muted that is encoded in the genome of human.


BL1S6_HUMAN Biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 subunit 6 (sprot)

A biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 subunit 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


myotube differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotube differentiation starts with myoblast fusion and the appearance of specific cell markers (this is the cell development step). Then individual myotubes can fuse to form bigger myotubes and start to contract. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse.


myotube differentiation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotube differentiation starts with myoblast fusion and the appearance of specific cell markers (this is the cell development step). Then individual myotubes can fuse to form bigger myotubes and start to contract. This process occurs as part of the process of skeletal muscle regeneration. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse.


skeletal muscle fiber adaptation

Any process in which the skeletal muscle fibers change their phenotypic profiles in response to altered functional demands and a variety of signals. Muscle fibers are formed by the maturation of myotubes. They can be classed as slow, intermediate/fast or fast.


myoblast fate determination

The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a myoblast regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


negative regulation of myoblast proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast proliferation.


positive regulation of transcription by transcription factor localization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent transcription using a mechanism that involves the localization of a transcription factor.


histone methylation

The modification of histones by addition of methyl groups.


regulation of adaxial/abaxial pattern formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of adaxial/abaxial pattern formation.


positive regulation of histone H3-K27 methylation

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of histone H3-K27 methylation. Histone H3-K27 methylation is the modification of histone H3 by addition of a methyl group to lysine at position 27 of the histone.


mediator complex

A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The mediator complex is required for activation of transcription of most protein-coding genes, but can also act as a transcriptional corepressor. The Saccharomyces complex contains several identifiable subcomplexes: a head domain comprising Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p; and a regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins.


embryonic placenta development

The embryonically driven process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin.


mammary gland branching involved in thelarche

The process in which the branching structure of the mammary gland duct is generated and organized during the period of sexual maturity in mammals. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk.


mammary gland branching involved in pregnancy

The process in which the branching structure of the mammary gland duct is generated and organized as a part of pregnancy.


regulation of vitamin D receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vitamin D receptor signaling pathway activity.


positive regulation of G0 to G1 transition

A cell cycle process that activates or increases the rate or extent of the transition from the G0 quiescent state to the G1 phase.


enucleate erythrocyte development

The process aimed at the progression of an enucleate erythrocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


positive regulation of protein localization to membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to membrane.


positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation.


cellular response to interleukin-12

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-12 stimulus.


natural killer cell proliferation

The expansion of a natural killer cell population by cell division.


bundle of His development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the bundle of His over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The bundle of His is part of the His-Purkinje system that transmits signals from the AV node to the cardiac Purkinje fibers.


positive regulation of astrocyte differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte differentiation.


enucleate erythrocyte differentiation

The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires specialized features of an erythrocyte without a nucleus. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.


entrainment of circadian clock

The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to environmental time cues such as light.


ventricular zone

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Proliferative region that is part of the ventricular system.


positive regulation of natural killer cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell proliferation.


spinal cord oligodendrocyte cell differentiation

The process in which neuroepithelial cells in the neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocytes are non-neuronal cells. The primary function of oligodendrocytes is the myelination of nerve axons in the central nervous system. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


pancreatic A cell fate commitment

The commitment of a cell to a pancreatic A cell and its capacity to differentiate into a pancreatic A cell. A pancreatic A cell is a cell in the pancreas that secretes glucagon.


pancreatic PP cell fate commitment

The commitment of a cell to a pancreatic PP cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a pancreatic PP cell. A pancreatic polypeptide-producing cell is a cell in the pancreas that produces pancreatic polypeptide.


spinal cord oligodendrocyte cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an oligodendrocyte in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway.


ventral spinal cord interneuron fate determination

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a ventral spinal cord interneuron regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. Ventral spinal cord interneurons are cells located in the ventral portion of the spinal cord that transmit signals between sensory and motor neurons and are required for reflexive responses.


type B pancreatic cell fate commitment

The commitment of a cell to a type B pancreatic cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a type B pancreatic cell. A type B pancreatic cell is a cell located towards center of the islets of Langerhans that secretes insulin.


mitotic DNA-templated DNA replication

A DNA replication process that uses parental DNA as a template for the DNA-dependent DNA polymerases that synthesize the new strands during the mitotic cell cycle.


replication fork

The Y-shaped region of a replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes.


MUS81_HUMAN Crossover junction endonuclease MUS81 (sprot)

A crossover junction endonuclease MUS81 that is encoded in the genome of human.


A purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate having adenine as the nucleobase.


primary miRNA processing

A process involved in the conversion of a primary microRNA transcript into a pre-microRNA molecule.


glial cell projection

A prolongation or process extending from a glial cell.


subapical complex

The most apical region of the lateral plasma membrane of an invertebrate epithelial cell. The subapical complex lies above the zonula adherens and the septate junction, and is comparable to the position of the tight junction of vertebrate cells.


establishment of bipolar cell polarity involved in cell morphogenesis

The specification and formation of bipolar intracellular organization or cell growth patterns that contribute to cell morphogenesis. Bipolar organization is the organization that is a mirror image along an axis from a plane.


regulation of stem cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell proliferation. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.


pre-miRNA processing

A process involved in the conversion of a pre-microRNA transcript into a mature microRNA molecule.


regulation of miRNA metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of miRNA metabolic process.


suppression by virus of host viral-induced cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of IRF3 activity

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces a viral-induced cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway in a host organism by reducing the activity of host IRF3 (interferon regulatory factor-3). IRF3 is a transcription factor in the RIG-I/MDA-5 signaling pathway. Viral infection triggers phosphorylation of cytoplasmic IRF3, which allows IRF3 to form a homodimer, migrate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of IFN-alpha and IFN-beta genes.


positive regulation of neutrophil differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil differentiation.


histone acetyltransferase complex

A protein complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase activity.


internal peptidyl-lysine acetylation

The addition of an acetyl group to a non-terminal lysine residue in a protein.


protein acetylation

The addition of an acetyl group to a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid.


protein deacetylation

The removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid.


CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell

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A CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta T cell that regulates overall immune responses as well as the responses of other T cell subsets through direct cell-cell contact and cytokine release.


tolerance induction to self antigen

Tolerance induction directed at self antigens.


negative regulation of interleukin-10 production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-10 production.


positive regulation of interleukin-4 production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-4 production.


negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tumor necrosis factor production.


negative regulation of interleukin-2 production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-2 production.


negative regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgE isotypes.


negative regulation of interleukin-6 production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production.


negative regulation of interleukin-5 production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-5 production.


tolerance induction

A process that directly activates any of the steps required for tolerance, a physiologic state in which the immune system does not react destructively against the components of an organism that harbors it or against antigens that are introduced to it.


positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta1 production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta1.


positive regulation of T cell anergy

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell anergy.


T cell anergy

Any process contributing to anergy in T cells, a state of functional inactivation which is part of T cell tolerance induction.


negative regulation of interleukin-4 production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-4 production.


regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgG isotypes.


positive regulation of peripheral T cell tolerance induction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of peripheral T cell tolerance induction.


negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response.


positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of regulatory T cells.


T cell tolerance induction

A process involving any mechanism for tolerance induction in T cells.


negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of lymphocyte proliferation.


positive regulation of T cell tolerance induction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell tolerance induction.


positive regulation of immature T cell proliferation in thymus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus.


FOXP3_MOUSE Forkhead box protein P3 (sprot)

A forkhead box protein P3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


cellular response to interleukin-2

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-2 stimulus.


interleukin-2 receptor binding

Binding to an interleukin-2 receptor.


regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of resting T cell proliferation.


positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation.


cellular response to biotic stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism.


T cell homeostatic proliferation

The non-specific expansion of T cell populations within a whole or part of an organism to reach to a total number of T cells which will then remain stable over time in the absence of an external stimulus.


neural tissue regeneration

The regrowth of neural tissue following its loss or destruction.


ganglionic eminence

The transient proliferative population of neurons that expands exponentially during late prenatal development; it is a continuous germinal zone distinct from the ventricular zone that surrounds the brain ventricles[MP].


cell differentiation in spinal cord

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the spinal cord. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


chromosome organization involved in meiotic cell cycle

A process of chromosome organization that is involved in a meiotic cell cycle.


npBAF complex

A SWI/SNF-type complex that is found in neural stem or progenitor cells, and in human contains actin and proteins encoded by the ARID1A/BAF250A or ARID1B/BAF250B, SMARCD1/BAF60A, SMARCD3/BAF60C, SMARCA2/BRM/BAF190B, SMARCA4/BRG1/BAF190A, SMARCB1/BAF47, SMARCC1/BAF155, SMARCE1/BAF57, SMARCC2/BAF170, PHF10/BAF45A, ACTL6A/BAF53A genes. The npBAF complex is essential for the self-renewal/proliferative capacity of the multipotent neural stem cells.


perichromatin fibrils

Structures of variable diameter visible in the nucleoplasm by electron microscopy, mainly observed near the border of condensed chromatin. The fibrils are enriched in RNA, and are believed to be sites of pre-mRNA splicing and polyadenylylation representing the in situ form of nascent transcripts.


histone H3 acetylation

The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an acetyl group.


blastocyst hatching

The hatching of the cellular blastocyst from the zona pellucida.


heart trabecula formation

The process of creating a trabecula in the heart. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod.


embryonic organ morphogenesis

Morphogenesis, during the embryonic phase, of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.


aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell surrounding the aorta.


positive regulation of osteoclast development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast development.


secretory granule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion.


positive regulation of hormone secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.


positive regulation of cardiac muscle tissue development

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue development.


cellular response to hormone stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus.


cellular response to cAMP

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus.


regulation of phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process.


antigen processing and presentation

The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.


CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation

The change in morphology and behavior of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.


effector memory CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell

CD8-positive, alpha-beta memory T cell with the phenotype CCR7-negative, CD127-positive, CD45RA-negative, CD45RO-positive, and CD25-negative.


lymphocyte migration into lymphoid organs

The movement of a lymphocyte within the lymphatic system into lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes, spleen or Peyer's patches, and its subsequent positioning within defined functional compartments such as sites of cell activation by antigen.


immune system process

Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats.


C-rich strand telomeric DNA binding

Binding to C-rich, single-stranded, telomere-associated DNA.


G-rich strand telomeric DNA binding

Binding to G-rich, single-stranded, telomere-associated DNA.


nucleotidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleotide + H2O = a nucleoside + phosphate.


positive regulation of telomere maintenance

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process that affects and monitors the activity of telomeric proteins and the length of telomeric DNA.


meiotic nuclear membrane microtubule tethering complex

A nuclear membrane protein complex which connects the nuclear outer and inner membranes together, and links links the nuclear lumen to cytoplasmic microtubules during meiosis.


cytoskeleton-nuclear membrane anchor activity

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a cytoskeletal protein or protein complex and a nuclear membrane lipid or membrane-associated protein, in order to maintain the localization of the cytoskeleton at a specific location of the nuclear membrane.


negative regulation of ribonucleoprotein complex localization

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ribonucleoprotein complex localization.


cyclin-dependent kinase 2 isoform 1 (mouse)

A cyclin-dependent kinase 2 isoform 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


single-stranded RNA binding

Binding to single-stranded RNA.


RNA stabilization

Prevention of degradation of RNA molecules.


positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the migration of the endothelial cells of blood vessels.


retinal blood vessel morphogenesis

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


embryonic neurocranium morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the neurocranium are generated and organized during the embryonic phase. The neurocranium is the portion of the vertebrate skull surrounding the brain.


proximal/distal pattern formation involved in pronephric nephron development

The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis of the pronephros.


regulation of synaptic membrane adhesion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of adhesion between pre- and post-synaptic membranes.


regulation of neuron migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuron migration.


cerebral cortex marginal layer

Developing superficial cortical layer located just under the pia matter, develops from the marginal layer of the neural tube and becomes cortical layer I.


layer of hippocampus

The layers of the laminar structure of the hippocampus.


pontine cistern

The space located on lateral aspects of the pons at the junction with the celebellum.


hilus of dentate gyrus

Layer of the dentate gyrus lying deep to the granule cell layer, within the opening of the C or V formed by the granule cell layer characterized by loosely packed polymorphic cells.


inhibitory interneuron

An interneuron (also called relay neuron, association neuron or local circuit neuron) is a multipolar neuron which connects afferent neurons and efferent neurons in neural pathways. Like motor neurons, interneuron cell bodies are always located in the central nervous system (CNS).


histone acetyltransferase KAT5 isoform h4 (human)

A histone acetyltransferase KAT5 (human) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q92993-4.


LYPL1_HUMAN Lysophospholipase-like protein 1 (sprot)

A lysophospholipase-like protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


otolith mineralization

The precipitation of specific crystal forms of calcium carbonate with extracellular matrix proteins in the otolith organs of the vertebrate inner ear.


otolith morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of an otolith are generated and organized.


egg coat formation

Construction of an egg coat, a specialized extracellular matrix that surrounds the ovum of animals. The egg coat provides structural support and can play an essential role in oogenesis, fertilization and early development.


detection of gravity

The series of events in which a gravitational stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


intracellular pH reduction

Any process that reduces the internal pH of a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


establishment of vesicle localization

The directed movement of a vesicle to a specific location.


enamel mineralization

The process in which calcium salts, mainly carbonated hydroxyapatite, are deposited in tooth enamel.


T-helper 1 cell activation

The change in morphology and behavior of a T-helper 1 cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.


osteoclast proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of osteoclasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoclast cell population. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, which typically differentiates from monocytes.


dentin mineralization

The process in which calcium salts are deposited into the calcareous tooth structure known as dentin.


pH reduction

Any process that reduces the internal pH of an organism, part of an organism or a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


memory T cell activation

The change in morphology and behavior of a memory T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.


response to silver ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a silver ion stimulus.


cytoplasm to vacuole transport by the Cvt pathway

A cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway that uses machinery common with autophagy. The Cvt vesicle is formed when the receptor protein, Atg19, binds to the complexes of the target protein (aminopeptidase or alpha-mannosidase homododecamers), forming the Cvt complex. Atg11 binds to Atg9 and transports the Cvt complex to the pre-autophagosome (PAS). The phagophore membrane expands around the Cvt complex (excluding bulk cytoplasm) forming the Cvt vesicle. This pathway is mostly observed in yeast.


Atg8-family conjugating enzyme activity

Isoenergetic transfer of an Atg8 family modifer from one protein to a phosphatidylethanolamine or  phosphatidylserine on a membrane, via the reaction X-Atg8 + Y = Y-Atg8 + X.


cysteine-type exopeptidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C- or N-terminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile.


Atg12 conjugating enzyme activity

Isoenergetic transfer of Atg12 from one protein to another via the reaction X-Atg12 + Y = Y-Atg12 + X, where both the X-Atg12 and Y-Atg12 linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal amino acid of Atg12 and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue.


negative regulation of autophagosome assembly

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of autophagosome assembly.


Atg1/ULK1 kinase complex

A protein complex consisting of Atg1 (or Atg1 homologs e.g. ULK1, ULK2 in mammals) and Atg13 along with other proteins that regulate its function (e.g. Atg17 in yeast or RB1CC1(FIP200) in mammals). This complex has serine/threonine protein kinase activity and is involved in autophagosome formation.


phagophore assembly site membrane

A cellular membrane associated with the phagophore assembly site.


cysteine protease ATG4D isoform h2 (human)

A cysteine protease ATG4D (human) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q86TL0-2.


phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylinositol phosphate.


actin filament bundle

An assembly of actin filaments that are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness.


perichondral ossification

Intramembranous ossification from the surface of a cartilage element as the perichondrium becomes a periosteum, without replacement of cartilage.


actin filament bundle organization

A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an actin filament bundle.


cellular response to retinoic acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a retinoic acid stimulus.


chondrocyte development involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis

The progression of a chondrocyte over time from after its commitment to its mature state where the chondrocyte will contribute to the shaping of an endochondral bone.


collagen type II trimer

A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(II) chains; type II collagen triple helices associate to form fibrils.


pronephros morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the pronephros are generated and organized. In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensable for larval life.


regulation of neural crest formation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of neural crest formation. Neural crest formation is the formation of the specialized region of ectoderm between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm. The neural crest gives rise to the neural crest cells that migrate away from this region as neural tube formation proceeds.


natural killer cell degranulation

The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as perforin and granzymes by a natural killer cell.


melanosome transport

The directed movement of melanosomes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


cytotoxic T cell degranulation

The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as perforin and granzymes by a cytotoxic T cell.


hemidesmosome

A cell-substrate junction (attachment structure) found in epithelial cells that links intermediate filaments to extracellular matrices via transmembrane complexes. In vertebrates, hemidesmosomes mediate contact between the basal side of epithelial cells and the basal lamina. In C. elegans, hemidesmosomes connect epithelial cells to distinct extracellular matrices on both the apical and basal cell surfaces.


An adenosylhomocysteinase that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


lipid antigen binding

Binding to a lipid antigen.


micturition

The regulation of body fluids process in which parasympathetic nerves stimulate the bladder wall muscle to contract and expel urine from the body.


glucosylceramide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of glucose by a ceramide group. They are neutral glycolipids containing equimolar amounts of fatty acid, glucose, and sphingosine or a sphingosine derivative.


renal system development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal system maintains fluid balance and contributes to electrolyte balance, acid/base balance, and disposal of nitrogenous waste products. In humans, the renal system comprises a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, sphincter muscle and associated blood vessels.


cornified envelope assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cornified envelope.


prostate gland growth

The increase in size or mass of the prostate gland where the increase in size or mass has the specific outcome of the progression of the gland, from its formation to its mature state.


corneocyte development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the corneocyte over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A corneocyte is the last stage of development of a keratinocyte where the keratinocyte flattens, loses its nucleus and eventually delaminates from the epidermis.


galactosylceramide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of galactose by a ceramide group.


inclusion body assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an inclusion body.


glycolipid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycolipids, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). Some substances classified as bacterial glycolipids have the sugar group acylated by one or more fatty acids and the glycerol group may be absent.


membrane lipid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving membrane lipids, any lipid found in or associated with a biological membrane.


cerebellar climbing fiber to Purkinje cell synapse

A synapse of a climbing fiber onto the dendrites of a Purkinje cell in cerebellum. The climbing fiber originates from the inferior olivary nucleus of the medulla oblongata.


locomotory exploration behavior

The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to a novel environment.


regulation of lysosome organization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lysosome organization.


PO2F3_MOUSE POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 3 (sprot)

A POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


VNS1_MOUSE Vomeronasal secretory protein 1 (sprot)

A vomeronasal secretory protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


SYN2_MOUSE Synapsin-2 (sprot)

A synapsin-2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


CRBA2_MOUSE Beta-crystallin A2 (sprot)

A beta-crystallin A2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


EAA3_MOUSE Excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (sprot)

An excitatory amino acid transporter 3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


G6PD1_MOUSE Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase X (sprot)

A glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


VEGFB_MOUSE Vascular endothelial growth factor B (sprot)

A vascular endothelial growth factor B that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


CATE_MOUSE Cathepsin E (sprot)

A cathepsin E that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


KLRBC_MOUSE Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily B member 1C (sprot)

A killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily B member 1C that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


TPD52_MOUSE Tumor protein D52 (sprot)

A tumor protein D52 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


CHKA_MOUSE Choline kinase alpha (sprot)

A choline kinase alpha that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


BNIP3_MOUSE BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 (sprot)

A BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


RDH16_MOUSE Retinol dehydrogenase 16 (sprot)

A protein that is a translation product of the Rdh16 gene in mouse.


DMRT2_MOUSE Doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor 2 (sprot)

A doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


TREX1_MOUSE Three-prime repair exonuclease 1 (sprot)

A three-prime repair exonuclease 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


B2L10_MOUSE Bcl-2-like protein 10 (sprot)

A Bcl-2-like protein 10 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


BNI3L_MOUSE BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3-like (sprot)

A BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3-like that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


RNH1_MOUSE Ribonuclease H1 (sprot)

A ribonuclease H1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


IKZF2_MOUSE Zinc finger protein Helios (sprot)

A zinc finger protein Helios that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


HSF4_MOUSE Heat shock factor protein 4 (sprot)

A heat shock factor protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


S27A1_MOUSE Long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 (sprot)

A long-chain fatty acid transport protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


RNF17_MOUSE RING finger protein 17 (sprot)

A RING finger protein 17 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


JMJD6_MOUSE Bifunctional arginine demethylase and lysyl-hydroxylase JMJD6 (sprot)

A bifunctional arginine demethylase and lysyl-hydroxylase JMJD6 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


IRF3_MOUSE Interferon regulatory factor 3 (sprot)

An interferon regulatory factor 3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


PRDX4_MOUSE Peroxiredoxin-4 (sprot)

A peroxiredoxin-4 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


NOE1_MOUSE Noelin (sprot)

A noelin that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


DCTP1_MOUSE dCTP pyrophosphatase 1 (sprot)

A dCTP pyrophosphatase 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


KCD20_MOUSE BTB/POZ domain-containing protein KCTD20 (sprot)

A BTB/POZ domain-containing protein KCTD20 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


CCD91_MOUSE Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 91 (sprot)

A coiled-coil domain-containing protein 91 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


FGOP2_MOUSE FGFR1 oncogene partner 2 homolog (sprot)

An FGFR1 oncogene partner 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


S10AG_MOUSE Protein S100-A16 (sprot)

A protein S100-A16 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


PAAT_MOUSE ATPase PAAT (sprot)

An ATPase PAAT that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


MCLN2_MOUSE Mucolipin-2 (sprot)

A mucolipin-2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


PRRC1_MOUSE Protein PRRC1 (sprot)

A protein PPRC1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


NUP35_MOUSE Nucleoporin NUP35 (sprot)

A nucleoporin NUP35 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


MISS_MOUSE MAPK-interacting and spindle-stabilizing protein (sprot)

A MAPK-interacting and spindle-stabilizing protein that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


TRI32_MOUSE E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM32 (sprot)

An E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM32 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


DMRTD_MOUSE Doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor C2 (sprot)

A doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor C2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


CDD_MOUSE Cytidine deaminase (sprot)

A cytidine deaminase that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


PACE1_MOUSE Protein-associating with the carboxyl-terminal domain of ezrin (sprot)

A protein-associating with the carboxyl-terminal domain of ezrin that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


TM38A_MOUSE Trimeric intracellular cation channel type A (sprot)

A trimeric intracellular cation channel type A that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


CEP72_MOUSE Centrosomal protein of 72 kDa (sprot)

A centrosomal protein of 72 kDa that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


E2F8_MOUSE Transcription factor E2F8 (sprot)

A transcription factor E2F8 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


BACD1_MOUSE BTB/POZ domain-containing adapter for CUL3-mediated RhoA degradation protein 1 (sprot)

A BTB/POZ domain-containing adapter for CUL3-mediated RhoA degradation protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


NSMA2_MOUSE Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 (sprot)

A sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


ANO6_MOUSE Anoctamin-6 (sprot)

An anoctamin-6 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


DLK2_MOUSE Protein delta homolog 2 (sprot)

A protein delta homolog 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


CXG3_MOUSE Gap junction gamma-3 protein (sprot)

A gap junction gamma-3 protein that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


C209D_MOUSE CD209 antigen-like protein D (sprot)

A CD209 molecule-like protein D that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


NNRE_MOUSE NAD(P)H-hydrate epimerase (sprot)

An apolipoprotein A-I-binding protein that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


CAN8_MOUSE Calpain-8 (sprot)

A calpain-8 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


OLM2B_MOUSE Olfactomedin-like protein 2B (sprot)

An olfactomedin-like protein 2B that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


SYT14_MOUSE Synaptotagmin-14 (sprot)

A synaptotagmin-14 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


OLM2A_MOUSE Olfactomedin-like protein 2A (sprot)

An olfactomedin-like protein 2A that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


TEN4_MOUSE Teneurin-4 (sprot)

A teneurin-4 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


DMRTA_MOUSE Doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor A1 (sprot)

A doublesex- and mab-3-related transcription factor A1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


KLRE1_MOUSE Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily E member 1 (sprot)

A protein that is a translation product of the Klre1 gene in mouse.


PRDM6_MOUSE Putative histone-lysine N-methyltransferase PRDM6 (sprot)

A putative histone-lysine N-methyltransferase PRDM6 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


MYOM3_MOUSE Myomesin-3 (sprot)

A myomesin-3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


GP139_MOUSE Probable G-protein coupled receptor 139 (sprot)

A probable G-protein coupled receptor 139 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


HELT_MOUSE Hairy and enhancer of split-related protein HELT (sprot)

A hairy and enhancer of split-related protein HELT that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


TLR13_MOUSE Toll-like receptor 13 (sprot)

A Toll-like receptor 13 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


ERFE_MOUSE Erythroferrone (sprot)

An erythroferrone that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


ADHX_MOUSE Alcohol dehydrogenase class-3 (sprot)

An alcohol dehydrogenase class-3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


ADH1_MOUSE Alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (sprot)

An alcohol dehydrogenase 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


PRDX3_MOUSE Thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase, mitochondrial (sprot)

A thioredoxin-dependent peroxide reductase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


ASGR1_MOUSE Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (sprot)

An asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


C1QB_MOUSE Complement C1q subcomponent subunit B (sprot)

A complement C1q subcomponent subunit B that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


CRBA1_MOUSE Beta-crystallin A1 (sprot)

A beta-crystallin A3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


CRBB2_MOUSE Beta-crystallin B2 (sprot)

A beta-crystallin B2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


BHA15_MOUSE Class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 15 (sprot)

A class A basic helix-loop-helix protein 15 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


FKB1A_MOUSE Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1A (sprot)

A peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1A that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


VGFR1_MOUSE Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (sprot)

A vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


GABP2_MOUSE GA-binding protein subunit beta-2 (sprot)

A GA-binding protein subunit beta-2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


GDF6_MOUSE Growth/differentiation factor 6 (sprot)

A growth/differentiation factor 6 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


CXB1_MOUSE Gap junction beta-1 protein (sprot)

A gap junction beta-1 protein that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


HEXB_MOUSE Beta-hexosaminidase subunit beta (sprot)

A beta-hexosaminidase subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


GLPA_MOUSE Glycophorin-A (sprot)

A protein that is a translation product of the Gypa gene in mouse.


HPRT_MOUSE Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (sprot)

A hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


HSF2_MOUSE Heat shock factor protein 2 (sprot)

A heat shock factor protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


IL12B_MOUSE Interleukin-12 subunit beta (sprot)

An interleukin-12 subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


HEM2_MOUSE Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (sprot)

A delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


ANPRB_MOUSE Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (sprot)

An atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


PTPRE_MOUSE Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon (sprot)

A receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


SYN1_MOUSE Synapsin-1 (sprot)

A synapsin-1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


TYRP1_MOUSE 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase (sprot)

A 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


manchette

A tubular array of microtubules that extends from the perinuclear ring surrounding the spermatid nucleus to the flagellar axoneme. The manchette may also contain F-actin filaments.


immunological synapse formation

The formation of an area of close contact between a lymphocyte (T-, B-, or natural killer cell) and a target cell through the clustering of particular signaling and adhesion molecules and their associated membrane rafts on both the lymphocyte and target cell, which facilitates activation of the lymphocyte, transfer of membrane from the target cell to the lymphocyte, and in some situations killing of the target cell through release of secretory granules and/or death-pathway ligand-receptor interaction.


leading edge membrane

The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding the leading edge of a motile cell.


uropod

A membrane projection with related cytoskeletal components at the trailing edge of a cell in the process of migrating or being activated, found on the opposite side of the cell from the leading edge or immunological synapse, respectively.


alpha-beta T cell receptor complex

A T cell receptor complex in which the TCR heterodimer comprises alpha and beta chains, associated with the CD3 complex; recognizes a complex consisting of an antigen-derived peptide bound to a class I or class II MHC protein.


GPI anchor biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage.


negative regulation of JNK cascade

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade.


apoptotic nuclear changes

Alterations undergone by nuclei at the molecular and morphological level as part of the execution phase of apoptosis.


positive regulation of interleukin-2 production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-2 production.


MHC class II protein binding

Binding to a major histocompatibility complex class II molecule; a set of molecules displayed on cell surfaces that are responsible for lymphocyte recognition and antigen presentation.


T cell cytokine production

Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a T cell.


membrane raft organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of membrane rafts, small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes.


dolichol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving dolichols, any 2,3-dihydropolyprenol derived from four or more linked isoprene units.


T cell meandering migration

The random-like motility observed for T cells in lymph nodes which enhances surveillance of antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on antigen presenting cells (APCs).


immune response-inhibiting signal transduction

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the level or activity of a second messenger or other downstream target, and ultimately leading to inhibition of an immune response.


integrin activation

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of an integrin, a heterodimeric adhesion receptor formed by the non-covalent association of particular alpha and beta subunits, that lead to the increased affinity of the integrin for its extracellular ligands.


hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA.


gamma-delta T cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized hemopoietic cell acquires specialized features of a gamma-delta T cell. A gamma-delta T cell is a T cell that expresses a gamma-delta T cell receptor complex.


mast cell proliferation

The expansion of a mast cell population by cell division.


T cell migration

The movement of a T cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


ninein isoform m1 (mouse)

A ninein (mouse) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q61043-3.


negative regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of T cell mediated cytotoxicity.


positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell mediated cytotoxicity.


basophil

Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation. A basophil is CD123-positive, CD193-positive, CD203c-positive, and FceRIa-positive.


mast cell degranulation

The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine, serotonin, and neutral proteases by a mast cell.


natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

The directed killing of a target cell by a natural killer cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors.


cell proliferation in bone marrow

The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population in the bone marrow.


mast cell cytokine production

Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a mast cell.


myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis

The movement of a myeloid dendritic cell in response to an external stimulus.


natural killer cell cytokine production

Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a natural killer cell.


exosomal secretion

The process whereby a membrane-bounded vesicle is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane.


Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a the binding of the Fc portion of an immunoglobulin by an Fc receptor capable of activating or perpetuating an immune response. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region.


regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte differentiation.


type III interferon production

The appearance of type III interferon due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


positive regulation of germinal center formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of germinal center formation.


male sex determination

The specification of male sex of an individual organism.


Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)+ + 17-alpha,20-alpha-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one = NAD(P)H + H+ + 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone.


Catalysis of the reaction: 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone = acetaldehyde + 4-androstene-3,17-dione.


progesterone metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving progesterone, a steroid hormone produced in the ovary which prepares and maintains the uterus for pregnancy. Also found in plants.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of androst-4-ene-3,17-dione.


female sex determination

The specification of female sex of an individual organism.


kidney collecting duct epithelial cell

An epithelial cell that is part of the collecting duct of renal tubule.


IFT22_HUMAN Intraflagellar transport protein 22 homolog (sprot)

An intraflagellar transport protein 22 that is encoded in the genome of human.


IFT56_HUMAN Intraflagellar transport protein 56 (sprot)

An intraflagellar transport protein 56 that is encoded in the genome of human.


IT70B_HUMAN Intraflagellar transport protein 70B (sprot)

A tetratricopeptide repeat protein 30B that is encoded in the genome of human.


axonemal microtubule

A microtubule in the axoneme of a eukaryotic cilium or flagellum; an axoneme contains nine modified doublet microtubules, which may or may not surround a pair of single microtubules.


krueppel-like factor 4 unmodified 1 (mouse)

A krueppel-like factor 4 (mouse) that lacks modification at the position equivalent to Glu-381 of the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q60793. UniProtKB:Q60793, Glu-381, PR:000026291.


fertilization

The union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote. It involves the fusion of the gametic nuclei (karyogamy) and cytoplasm (plasmogamy).


regulation of blastocyst development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blastocyst development.


immune response in nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue

An immune response taking place in the nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT). NALT includes the tonsils and adenoids.


microtubule severing

The process in which a microtubule is broken down into smaller segments. Severing enzymes remove dimers from the middle of the filament to create new ends, unlike depolymerizing kinesins that use ATP to uncap microtubules at their ends.


positive regulation of cilium movement

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of cilium movement, the directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium.


nuclear outer membrane

The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope; continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum of the cell and sometimes studded with ribosomes.


male germ cell nucleus

The nucleus of a male germ cell, a reproductive cell in males.


chiasma

A connection formed between chromatids, visible during meiosis, thought to be the point of the interchange involved in crossing-over.


X chromosome

The sex chromosome present in both sexes of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex. Two copies of the X chromosome are present in each somatic cell of females and one copy is present in males.


Y chromosome

The sex chromosome present in males of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex; generally, the sex chromosome that pairs with the X chromosome in the heterogametic sex. The Y chromosome is absent from the cells of females and present in one copy in the somatic cells of males.


autosome

Any chromosome other than a sex chromosome.


transverse filament

A structural unit of the synaptonemal complex that spans the regions between the lateral elements and connects them.


outer kinetochore

The region of a kinetochore most external to centromeric DNA; this outer region mediates kinetochore-microtubule interactions.


P granule

A small cytoplasmic, non-membranous RNA/protein complex aggregate in the primordial germ cells of many higher eukaryotes.


perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum

The portion of endoplasmic reticulum, the intracellular network of tubules and cisternae, that occurs near the nucleus. The lumen of the perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum is contiguous with the nuclear envelope lumen (also called perinuclear space), the region between the inner and outer nuclear membranes.


centriole replication

The cell cycle process in which a daughter centriole is formed perpendicular to an existing centriole. An immature centriole contains a ninefold radially symmetric array of single microtubules; mature centrioles consist of a radial array of nine microtubule triplets, doublets, or singlets depending upon the species and cell type. Duplicated centrioles also become the ciliary basal body in cells that form cilia during G0.


meiotic attachment of telomere to nuclear envelope

The meiotic cell cycle process in which physical connections are formed between telomeric heterochromatin and the nuclear envelope, facilitating bouquet formation.


meiotic telomere clustering

The cell cycle process in which the dynamic reorganization of telomeres occurs in early meiotic prophase, during which meiotic chromosome ends are gathered in a bouquet arrangement at the inner surface of the nuclear envelope proximal to the spindle pole body. This plays an important role in progression through meiosis and precedes synapsis.


axonemal dynein complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an axonemal dynein complex, a dynein complex found in eukaryotic cilia and flagella, in which the motor domain heads interact with adjacent microtubules to generate a sliding force which is converted to a bending motion.


resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates

The cleavage and rejoining of intermediates, such as Holliday junctions, formed during meiotic recombination to produce two intact molecules in which genetic material has been exchanged.


male meiotic nuclear division

A cell cycle process by which the cell nucleus divides as part of a meiotic cell cycle in the male germline.


male meiosis chromosome segregation

The cell cycle process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during the meiotic cell cycle in a male.


sperm DNA condensation

The progressive compaction of the spermatid chromatin so that it reaches a level of condensation that is not compatible with nuclear activities such as transcription or DNA replication.


lateral element assembly

The cell cycle process in which lateral elements are formed. Axial elements form a proteinaceous core between the two sister chromatids of each chromosome; the two axial elements then connect along their entire lengths by fine fibers known as transverse filaments, forming the lateral elements.


meiotic sister chromatid cohesion involved in meiosis I

The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the entire length of the chromosome during meiosis I.


meiotic cell cycle phase transition

The cell cycle process by which a cell commits to entering the next meiotic cell cycle phase.


germline cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle

The process in which a germline cell switches cell cycle mode from mitotic to meiotic division.


chromosome localization to nuclear envelope involved in homologous chromosome segregation

The directed movement of a chromosome to the nuclear envelope that contributes to homologous chromosome segregation and precedes synapsis.


synaptonemal complex disassembly

The controlled breakdown of a synaptonemal complex.


trachea development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a trachea over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.


tube development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tube over time, from its initial formation to a mature structure. Epithelial and endothelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues including lung and trachea, kidney, the mammary gland, the vascular system and the gastrointestinal and urinary-genital tracts.


vesicle membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding any membrane-bounded vesicle in the cell.


chromatoid body

A ribonucleoprotein complex found in the cytoplasm of male germ cells, composed of exceedingly thin filaments that are consolidated into a compact mass or into dense strands of varying thickness that branch to form an irregular network. Contains mRNAs, miRNAs, and protein components involved in miRNA processing (such as Argonaute proteins and the endonuclease Dicer) and in RNA decay (such as the decapping enzyme DCP1a and GW182).


pi-body

A P granule that contains the PIWIL2-TDRD1 module, a set of proteins that act in the primary piRNA pathway. The pi-body corresponds to the cementing material between mitochondria found in gonocytes.


sperm head-tail coupling apparatus

A centrosome-based structure consisting of two cylindrical microtubule-based centrioles and associated components which anchors the flagellum to the sperm head.


manchette assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a manchette.


intramanchette transport

The movement of vesicles and protein complexes carried out by molecular motors, kinesins and dynein, along the microtubule tracks within the manchette and by myosin along actin filaments.


spermatid nucleus elongation

The change in shape of the spermatid nucleus from a spherical structure to an elongated organelle, during the latter part of spermatid differentiation.


sperm individualization

The resolution of the male germline syncytium or cyst into individual gametes by packaging each spermatid into its own plasma membrane.


phosphatidylcholine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. They are important constituents of cell membranes.


equatorin isoform 2 (mouse)

An equatorin (mouse) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q9D9V2-2.


negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation.


negative regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction. Nitric oxide mediated signal transduction is The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of nitric oxide (NO).


positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesion

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules.


negative regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis.


extracellular exosome

A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.


opsonin binding

Binding to an opsonin, such as a complement component or antibody, deposited on the surface of a bacteria, virus, immune complex, or other particulate material.


microglia development

The process aimed at the progression of a microglial cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


leukocyte cell-cell adhesion

The attachment of a leukocyte to another cell via adhesion molecules.


membrane repolarization during action potential

The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential.


cellular response to copper ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a copper ion stimulus.


nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process

Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.


regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion transmembrane transport.


pronephros structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the pronephros. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensable for larval life.


interferon-alpha production

The appearance of interferon-alpha due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


positive regulation of interferon-alpha production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-alpha production.


G3P_PIG Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (sprot)


oviduct epithelium development

The progression of the oviduct epithelium over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. An oviduct is a tube through which an ova passes from the ovary to the uterus, or from the ovary to the outside of the organism. The oviduct epithelium is the specialized epithelium that lines the oviduct.


positive regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type IIa hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.


complement-dependent cytotoxicity

Cell killing caused by the membrane attack complex formed following complement activation.


positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction.


positive regulation of protein localization to cell division site involved in mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell division site involved in mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly.


positive regulation of actin filament bundle assembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin filament bundles.


regulation of complement activation, classical pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the classical pathway of complement activation.


manganese ion transmembrane transport

A process in which a manganese ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


zinc ion transport

The directed movement of zinc (Zn II) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


negative regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any activin receptor signaling pathway.


specification of animal organ axis polarity

The process in which the polarity of an animal organ axis is specified.


type I cell of carotid body

A round or oval neuroepithelial cell that contacts other type I cells or capillaries. They occur in clusters that are surrounded by sheath cells (type-II cells) in the carotid body. This cell type is capable of secreting a number of neurotransmitters.


S22A8_HUMAN Organic anion transporter 3 (sprot)

An organic anion transporter 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of complement activation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation.


glomerular basement membrane development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the glomerular basement membrane over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the glomerulus which performs the actual filtration.


complement receptor activity

Combining with any component or product of the complement cascade and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


positive regulation of cartilage development

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of cartilage development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.


negative regulation of immune response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus.


NFAT protein

A protein that contains a Rel homology domain (RHD) (Pfam:PF00554) followed by an IPT/TIG domain (Pfam:PF01833).


NFAT activation molecule 1

A protein that is a translation product of the human NFAM1 gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof.


artery smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the artery. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The artery is a vessel carrying blood away from the heart.


olfactory bulb axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a neuron in the olfactory bulb is directed to its target in the brain in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


anterior commissure morphogenesis

Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in one half of the cerebral cortex towards target cells in the contralateral half. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the anterior commissure, a small midline fiber tract that lies at the anterior end of the corpus callosum.


ventral aorta development

The progression of the ventral aorta over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The ventral aorta is a blood vessel in a single-pass circulatory system that carries de-oxygenated blood from the heart to the gills. In a single-pass circulatory system blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once.


regulation of cell-cell adhesion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell.


positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell proliferation.


positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-mediated signaling.


homotypic cell-cell adhesion

The attachment of a cell to a second cell of the identical type via adhesion molecules.


positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin.


negative regulation of erythrocyte clearance

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of erythrocyte clearance.


positive regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus.


negative regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of resting T cell proliferation.


positive regulation of integrin activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of integrin activation.


positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin.


positive regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of resting T cell proliferation.


positive regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell.


regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin.


negative regulation of erythrocyte aggregation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of erythrocyte aggregation.


endothelial cell-matrix adhesion

The binding of an endothelial cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules.


negative regulation of coagulation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of coagulation.


negative regulation of activation of membrane attack complex

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activation of the membrane attack complex components of the complement cascade.


response to protozoan

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a protozoan.


negative thymic T cell selection

The process of elimination of immature T cells in the thymus which react strongly with self-antigens.


regulation of defense response to virus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the antiviral response of a cell or organism.


negative regulation of type IV hypersensitivity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type IV hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.


cardiac septum development

The progression of a cardiac septum over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure.


hyaluronic acid binding

Binding to hyaluronic acid, a polymer composed of repeating dimeric units of glucuronic acid and N-acetyl glucosamine.


D-glucuronate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of D-glucuronate, the D-enantiomer of glucuronate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


endosome to lysosome transport

The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes.


branching involved in prostate gland morphogenesis

The process in which the branching structure of the prostate gland is generated and organized. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem.


wound healing involved in inflammatory response

The series of events that restore integrity to damaged tissue that contribute to an inflammatory response.


calmodulin

A protein that is a translation product of the human CALM1, CALM2, or CALM3 genes, 1:1 orthologs thereof, or a semi-ortholog thereof.


septin cytoskeleton organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising septin complexes and their associated proteins.


regulation of p38MAPK cascade

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of p38MAPK cascade.


positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own residues.


sphingolipid mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals mediated by a sphingolipid.


cell migration to the midline involved in heart development

The orderly movement of a cell toward the midline that contributes to the progression of the heart over time.


cellular response to ceramide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ceramide stimulus.


vesicle budding from membrane

The evagination of a membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle.


mRNA localization resulting in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression after the production of a mRNA transcript by its transport into, or maintainance in, a specific location within the cell.


histone H3-K9 acetylation

The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 9 of the histone.


long-chain fatty acid import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of a long-chain fatty acid from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with an aliphatic tail of 13 to 21 carbons.


vitamin A import into cell

The directed movement of vitamin A from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. Vitamin A is any of several retinoid derivatives of beta-carotene, primarily retinol, retinal, or retinoic acid.


corpus callosum development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the corpus callosum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The corpus callosum is a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. It consists of contralateral axon projections that provide communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres.


detection of hot stimulus involved in thermoception

The series of events in which a hot stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of thermoception.


WD40-repeat domain binding

Binding to a WD40 repeat domain of a protein. The WD40 repeat is a short structural motif of approximately 40 amino acids, often terminating in a tryptophan-aspartic acid (W-D) dipeptide. Several of these repeats are combined to form a type of protein domain called the WD domain.


phosphodiesterase activity, acting on 3'-phosphoglycolate-terminated DNA strands

Catalysis of the hydrolytic removal of phosphoglycolate from the 3'-terminus of a 3'-phosphoglycolate-terminated DNA strand.


actin cortical patch assembly

Assembly of an actin cortical patch, a discrete actin-containing structure found at the plasma membrane of fungal cells.


maintenance of mitochondrion location

Any process in which a mitochondrion is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


hypothalamus

biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A specialized brain region of the ventral diencephalon arising near the end of the segmentation period; the embryonic hypothalamic region will give rise to the posterior pituitary gland as well as a number of brain nuclei. [ZFA]. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis).[Wikipedia].


sensory perception of smell

The series of events required for an organism to receive an olfactory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Olfaction involves the detection of chemical composition of an organism's ambient medium by chemoreceptors. This is a neurological process.


olfactory tract

White matter tract that contains projections from the olfactory bulb to other parts of the brain.


protein lipidation involved in autophagosome assembly

The protein lipidation process by which phosphatidylethanolamine is conjugated to a protein of the ATG8 family, leading to membrane insertion of the protein as a step in autophagosome assembly.


negative stranded viral RNA replication

A viral genome replication process where the template genome is negative stranded, single stranded RNA ((-)ssRNA).


neurohypophysis development

The progression of the neurohypophysis over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The neurohypophysis is the part of the pituitary gland that secretes hormones involved in blood pressure regulation.


locus ceruleus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the locus ceruleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic.