vestibular receptor cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a vestibular receptor cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate.


positive regulation of developmental pigmentation

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the developmental process that results in the deposition of coloring matter in an organism.


pre-miRNA binding

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Binding to a precursor microRNA (pre-miRNA) transcript, a stem-loop-containing precursor of microRNA.


epidermis development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the epidermis over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The epidermis is the outer epithelial layer of an animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species.


hindgut development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hindgut over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hindgut is part of the alimentary canal that lies posterior to the midgut.


cerebellar cortex morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the cranial nerves are generated and organized. The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function.


mammary gland duct morphogenesis

The process in which anatomical structures of the mammary ducts are generated and organized. Mammary ducts are epithelial tubes that transport milk.


spinal cord ventral commissure morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the spinal cord ventral commissure are generated and organized.


ventral midline development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventral midline over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In protostomes (such as insects, snails and worms) as well as deuterostomes (vertebrates), the midline is an embryonic region that functions in patterning of the adjacent nervous tissue. The ventral midline in insects is a cell population extending along the ventral surface of the embryo and is the region from which cells detach to form the ventrally located nerve cords. In vertebrates, the midline is originally located dorsally. During development, it folds inwards and becomes the ventral part of the dorsally located neural tube and is then called the ventral midline, or floor plate.


hindgut morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the hindgut are generated and organized.


ventral spinal cord development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventral region of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neurons of the ventral region of the mature spinal cord participate in motor output.


regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator.


C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 4 isoform 2 (mouse)

A C-Jun-amino-terminal kinase-interacting protein 4 isoform 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


coiled-coil domain-containing protein 66 isoform 1 (mouse)

A coiled-coil domain-containing protein 66 isoform 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


heme export

The directed movement of heme out of a cell or organelle.


cellular response to bisphenol A

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bisphenol A stimulus.


negative regulation of immunoglobulin production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of immunoglobulin production.


zona pellucida receptor complex

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A multisubunit complex comprising the chaperonin-containing T-complex and several other components involved in mediating sperm-oocyte Interaction.


mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane

A zone of apposition between endoplasmic-reticulum and mitochondrial membranes, structured by bridging complexes. These contact sites are thought to facilitate inter-organelle calcium and phospholipid exchange.


clathrin-coated vesicle cargo loading, AP-1-mediated

Formation of a macromolecular complex between proteins of the AP-1 adaptor complex and proteins and/or lipoproteins that are going to be transported by a clathrin-coated vesicle. The AP-1 adaptor protein complex is a component of the cytoplasmic coat found on clathrin-coated vesicles, and binds to sorting signals of cargo to facilitate their trafficking.


biolink:MacromolecularComplex biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:MacromolecularMachineMixin biolink:ThingWithTaxon


vacuole

A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol.


meiotic metaphase I

The cell cycle phase, following prophase I, during which chromosomes become aligned on the equatorial plate of the cell as part of meiosis I.


Mpp10 complex

A protein complex that forms a subcomplex of the 90S preribosome. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Mpp10p, Imp3p and Imp4p.


GARP complex

A quatrefoil tethering complex required for retrograde traffic from the early endosome back to the late Golgi and biogenesis of cytoplasmic vesicles.


sarcoglycan complex

A protein complex formed of four sarcoglycans plus sarcospan; there are six known sarcoglycans: alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-sarcoglycan; all are N-glycosylated single-pass transmembrane proteins. The sarcoglycan-sarcospan complex is a subcomplex of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex, and is fixed to the dystrophin axis by a lateral association with the dystroglycan complex.


TRAPP complex

A large complex that acts as a tethering factor involved in transporting vesicles from the ER through the Golgi to the plasma membrane. A TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex has a core set of proteins which are joined by specific subunits depending on the cellular component where a given TRAPP complex is active.


monopolin complex

A protein complex required for clamping microtubule binding sites, ensuring orientation of sister kinetochores to the same pole (mono-orientation) during meiosis I. In the yeast S. cerevisiae this complex consists of Csm1p, Lrs4p, Hrr25p and Mam1p; in S. pombe Psc1 and Mde4 have been identified as subunits.


Cvt complex

A protein complex that is involved in the Cvt pathway. In budding yeast, the Cvt complex consists of multimers of preApe1p.


neuropeptide Y receptor activity

Combining with neuropeptide Y to initiate a change in cell activity.


peptide YY receptor activity

Combining with gut peptide YY to initiate a change in cell activity.


central nervous system neuron

biolink:Cell biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any neuron that is part of a central nervous system.


regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).


mRNA modification

The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA molecule to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.


third ventricle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the third ventricle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The third ventricle is the narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami. Its floor is formed by the hypothalamus, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by ependyma, and it communicates with the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct, and with the lateral ventricles by the interventricular foramina.


pancreatic polypeptide receptor activity

Combining with pancreatic polypeptide PP to initiate a change in cell activity.


synaptic signaling via neuropeptide

Cell-cell signaling to or from a synapse, mediated by a peptide.


dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity

Combining with the neurotransmitter dopamine to initiate a change in cell activity.


negative regulation of blood pressure

Any process in which the force of blood traveling through the circulatory system is decreased.


mating behavior

The behavioral interactions between organisms for the purpose of mating, or sexual reproduction resulting in the formation of zygotes.


norepinephrine-epinephrine vasoconstriction involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

A process that results in a decrease in the diameter of an artery during the norepinephrine-epinephrine response to decreased blood pressure.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by vasopressin

The regulation of blood pressure mediated by the signaling molecule vasopressin. Vasopressin is produced in the hypothalamus, and affects vasoconstriction, and renal water transport.


sensitization

An increased in a behavioral response to a repeated stimulus. For example, a shock to the tail of the marine snail Aplysia, to which the snail responds by withdrawing its gill, will result in increased gill withdrawal the next time the skin is touched.


regulation of female receptivity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the willingness or readiness of a female to receive male advances.


regulation of dopamine secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine.


negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.


neuropeptide signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a neuropeptide binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


protein localization to non-motile cilium

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a non-motile cilium.


galanin receptor activity

Combining with galanin to initiate a change in cell activity.


frontal cortex

biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Anterior portion of the neocortex, lying anterior to the central sulcus in humans. It is bounded by the parietal cortex posteriorly and the temporal cortex laterally[NIFSTD,modified].


dentate gyrus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dentate gyrus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dentate gyrus is one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus. It contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus.


behavioral response to cocaine

Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a cocaine stimulus.


conditioned taste aversion

A conditioned aversion to a specific chemical compound as a result of that compound being coupled with a noxious stimulus.


maternal behavior

Female behaviors associated with the care and rearing of offspring.


dopamine transport

The directed movement of dopamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Dopamine is a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.


operant conditioning

Learning to anticipate future events on the basis of past experience with the consequences of one's own behavior.


positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.


camera-type eye photoreceptor cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a light-responsive receptor in a camera-type eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


TMIG1_HUMAN Transmembrane and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 1 (sprot)

A transmembrane and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


R9BP_MOUSE Regulator of G-protein signaling 9-binding protein (sprot)

A regulator of G-protein signaling 9-binding protein that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


N-acetylneuraminate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N-acetylneuraminate, the anion of 5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-3-ulosonic acid.


retina homeostasis

A tissue homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium within the retina of the eye, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function.


B2RPU6_MOUSE Nuclear protein MDM1 (trembl)

A nuclear protein MDM1 (mouse) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:B2RPU6.


regulation of blood vessel remodeling

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of blood vessel remodeling, the reorganization or renovation of existing blood vessels.


regulation of chromatin binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin binding. Chromatin binding is the selective interaction with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase.


bone trabecula morphogenesis

The process of shaping a trabecula in bone. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod.


chondrocyte hypertrophy

The growth of a chondrocyte, where growth contributes to the progression of the chondrocyte over time.


mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in bone development

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesenchymal cells of bone as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


pelvic appendage apical ectodermal ridge

An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a pelvic appendage bud.


pectoral appendage apical ectodermal ridge

An apical ectodermal ridge that is part of a pectoral appendage bud.


mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 20 isoform ZAKalpha (mouse)

A mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 20 (mouse) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q9ESL4-1.


gonadotrophin-releasing hormone neuronal migration to the hypothalamus

The directional movement of a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone producing neuron from the nasal placode to the hypothalamus.


negative regulation of osteoblast proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of osteoblast proliferation.


positive regulation of ossification

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ossification, the formation of bone or of a bony substance or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance.


positive regulation of protein import into nucleus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of movement of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.


pancreas morphogenesis

Morphogenesis of the pancreas. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized.


thalamus development

The process in which the thalamus changes over time, from its initial formation to its mature state.


atrial septum morphogenesis

The developmental process in which atrial septum is generated and organized. The atrial septum separates the upper chambers (the atria) of the heart from one another.


myoblast migration

The orderly movement of a myoblast from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. A myoblast is a cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


epithelial-mesenchymal cell signaling

Any process that results in the transfer of information from an epithelial cell to a mesenchymal cell where it is interpreted.


maintenance of protein localization in organelle

Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location a specific location on or in an organelle, and is prevented from moving elsewhere. Encompasses establishment of localization in the membrane or lumen of a membrane-bounded organelle.


Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring outside the cell.


apoptotic process involved in development

Any apoptotic process that is involved in anatomical structure development.


release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by endoplasmic reticulum

The directed movement of calcium ion from endoplasmic reticulum to cytosol.


bleb assembly

The assembly of a bleb, a cell extension caused by localized decoupling of the cytoskeleton from the plasma membrane and characterized by rapid formation, rounded shape, and scarcity of organelles within the protrusion. Plasma membrane blebbing occurs during apoptosis and other cellular processes, including cell locomotion, cell division, and as a result of physical or chemical stresses.


extracellular matrix constituent secretion

The controlled release of molecules that form the extracellular matrix, including carbohydrates and glycoproteins by a cell.


calcium activated phospholipid scrambling

The movement of a population of phospholipid molecules from one leaflet of the plasma membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet as a result of a calcium stimulus.


microvesicle

An extracellular vesicle released from the plasma membrane and ranging in size from about 100 nm to 1000 nm.


AP-3 adaptor complex binding

Binding to an AP-3 adaptor complex. The AP-3 adaptor complex is a heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta3, delta, mu3 and sigma3 subunits and is found associated with endosomal membranes. In at least humans, the AP-3 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (beta3A and beta3B, mu3A and mu3B, and sigma3A and sigma3B).


antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II

The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein.


platelet dense granule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a platelet dense granule. A platelet dense granule is an electron-dense granule occurring in blood platelets that stores and secretes adenosine nucleotides and serotonin. They contain a highly condensed core consisting of serotonin, histamine, calcium, magnesium, ATP, ADP, pyrophosphate and membrane lysosomal proteins.


establishment of protein localization to mitochondrial membrane involved in mitochondrial fission

The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the mitochondrial membrane that contributes to mitochondrial fission.


skin epidermis development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skin epidermis over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


protein modification process

The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications). Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification).


melanosome assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a melanosome, a tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored.


zinc ion import into synaptic vesicle

The directed movement of Zn2+ ions from the cytoplasm into the lumen of a cytoplasmic vesicle.


antigen processing and presentation, exogenous lipid antigen via MHC class Ib

The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses lipid antigen of exogenous origin in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex on its cell surface. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 family.


positive regulation of NK T cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell differentiation.


gray matter of spinal cord

The ridge-shaped grey matter of the spinal cord that extends longitudunally through the center of each half of the spinal cord, and are largely or entirely composed of nerve cell bodies and their dendrites and some supportive tissue.


positive regulation of protein localization to cell surface

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to the cell surface.


negative regulation of protein localization to cell surface

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to the cell surface.


methionyl glutamyl tRNA synthetase complex

A complex consisting of methionyl- and glutamyl-tRNA synthetases. The tRNA synthetases present in the complex bind to their cognate tRNAs more efficiently than they do as monomers.


glutamyl-tRNA aminoacylation

The process of coupling glutamate to glutamyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutamyl-tRNA synthetase. The glutamyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a glutamic acid-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.


detection of misfolded protein

The series of events in which a misfolded protein stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


proteasome binding

Binding to a proteasome, a large multisubunit protein complex that catalyzes protein degradation.


positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cell cycle phase transition.


establishment or maintenance of actin cytoskeleton polarity

Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized actin-based cytoskeletal structures.


regulation of establishment of protein localization to chromosome

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein to a specific location on a chromosome.


single-stranded telomeric DNA binding

Binding to single-stranded telomere-associated DNA.


poly(A)+ mRNA export from nucleus

The directed movement of poly(A)+ mRNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.


nuclear mRNA surveillance

A process that identifies and degrades defective or aberrant mRNAs within the nucleus.


methionyl-tRNA aminoacylation

The process of coupling methionine to methionyl-tRNA, catalyzed by methionyl-tRNA synthetase. The methionyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a methionine-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.


macrolide binding

Binding to a macrolide, any of a large group of structurally related antibiotics produced by Streptomyces species.


response to muscle stretch

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a myofibril being extended beyond its slack length.


insulin-responsive compartment

A small membrane-bounded vesicle that releases its contents by exocytosis in response to insulin stimulation; the contents are enriched in GLUT4, IRAP and VAMP2.


fatty acid transport

The directed movement of fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis.


cellular lipid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, as carried out by individual cells.


glucose import in response to insulin stimulus

The directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell as a result of an insulin stimulus.


negative regulation of glucose transmembrane transport

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport across a membrane. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


negative regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to insulin stimulus.


phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activator activity

Binds to and increases the activity of a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K).


phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding

Binding to a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group to an inositol lipid at the 3' position of the inositol ring.


cytokine production involved in immune response

The appearance of a cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus contributing to an immune response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


stress granule assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a stress granule.


eye pigmentation

Establishment of a pattern of pigment in the eye of an organism.


organelle transport along microtubule

The directed movement of an organelle along a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. This process begins with the attachment of an organelle to a microtubule, and ends when the organelle reaches its final destination.


positive regulation of natural killer cell activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell activation.


vascular associated smooth muscle cell development

The process aimed at the progression of a vascular smooth muscle cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. A vascular smooth muscle cell is a non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the blood vessels.


pericyte cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a pericyte cell.


regulation of glutamate uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of L-glutamate into a neuron or glial cell.


response to yeast

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a yeast species.


protein kinase A regulatory subunit binding

Binding to one or both of the regulatory subunits of protein kinase A.


AKAP9_HUMAN A-kinase anchor protein 9 (sprot)

An A-kinase anchor protein 9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


kinase regulator activity

Modulates the activity of a kinase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.


protein localization to endosome

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an endosome.


LTOR4_HUMAN Ragulator complex protein LAMTOR4 (sprot)

A ragulator complex protein LAMTOR4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation of hydroxypyruvate and alanine from serine and pyruvate.


chemical synaptic transmission, postsynaptic

The part of synaptic transmission occurring in the post-synapse: a signal transduction pathway consisting of neurotransmitter receptor activation and its effects on postsynaptic membrane potential and the ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol.


autolysosome

A type of secondary lysosome in which a primary lysosome has fused with the outer membrane of an autophagosome. It is involved in the second step of autophagy in which it degrades contents with acidic lysosomal hydrolases.


autophagy of mitochondrion

The autophagic process in which mitochondria are delivered to a type of vacuole and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions.


sperm connecting piece

The segment of the sperm flagellum that attaches to the implantation fossa of the nucleus in the sperm head; from the remnant of the centriole at this point, the axoneme extends throughout the length of the flagellum.


protein kinase A catalytic subunit binding

Binding to one or both of the catalytic subunits of protein kinase A.


amylase secretion

The controlled release of amylase from a cell.


ADCY6_MOUSE Adenylate cyclase type 6 (sprot)

An adenylate cyclase type 6 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


recycling endosome membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding a recycling endosome.


unique cartilage matrix-associated protein isoform 4 (mouse)

A unique cartilage matrix-associated protein isoform 4 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


unique cartilage matrix-associated protein isoform 2 (mouse)

A unique cartilage matrix-associated protein isoform 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


RFIP4_MOUSE Rab11 family-interacting protein 4 (sprot)

A Rab11 family-interacting protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


AQP1_HUMAN Aquaporin-1 (sprot)

An aquaporin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


focal adhesion assembly

The aggregation and bonding together of a set of components to form a focal adhesion, a complex of intracellular signaling and structural proteins that provides a structural link between the internal actin cytoskeleton and the ECM, and also function as a locus of signal transduction activity.


body fluid secretion

The controlled release of a fluid by a cell or tissue in an animal.


regulation of termination of DNA-templated transcription

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent, or location of DNA-templated transcription termination, the process in which transcription is completed; the formation of phosphodiester bonds ceases, the RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, and RNA polymerase releases the DNA.


small-subunit processome

A large ribonucleoprotein complex that is an early preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 80S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins.


rDNA heterochromatin

A region of heterochromatin located at the rDNA repeats in a chromosome.


four-way junction DNA binding

Binding to a DNA segment containing four-way junctions, also known as Holliday junctions, a structure where two DNA double strands are held together by reciprocal exchange of two of the four strands, one strand each from the two original helices.


DNA binding, bending

The activity of binding selectively and non-covalently to and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence.


transcriptional start site selection at RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of an RNA polymerase II promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript.


regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase I

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase I.


nucleophagy

A form of autophagy, by which damaged or non-essential parts of the nucleus, or even an entire nucleus is degraded.


rDNA chromatin condensation

The process in which the chromatin structure of the rDNA repeats is compacted. In S. cerevisiae, condensation and resolution of the rDNA occurs during anaphase.


regulation of ribosomal protein gene transcription by RNA polymerase II

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the synthesis of RNA from ribosomal protein genes mediated by RNA polymerase II.


regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the migration of the endothelial cells of blood vessels.


hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of any organ involved in hematopoiesis (also known as hemopoiesis) or lymphoid cell activation over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Such development includes differentiation of resident cell types (stromal cells) and of migratory cell types dependent on the unique microenvironment afforded by the organ for their proper differentiation.


skeletal muscle tissue growth

The increase in size or mass of a skeletal muscle. This may be due to a change in the fiber number or size.


positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue growth

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of skeletal muscle growth.


pituitary homeobox 2 isoform Ptx2C (mouse)

A pituitary homeobox 2 isoform Ptx2C that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.


positive regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.


CD4-positive or CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment

The process in which an immature T cell commits to CD4-positive T cell lineage or the CD8-positive lineage of alpha-beta T cells.


positive regulation of protein localization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a protein localization.


ubiquitin-specific protease binding

Binding to a ubiquitin-specific protease.


negative regulation of necroptotic process

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a necroptotic process, a necrotic cell death process that results from the activation of endogenous cellular processes, such as signaling involving death domain receptors or Toll-like receptors.


preameloblast

Skeletogenic cell that has the potential to develop into an ameloblast. Located in the inner enamel epithelium, these cells elongate, their nuclei shift distally (away from the dental papilla), and their cytoplasm becomes filled with organelles needed for synthesis and secretion of enamel proteins.


regulation of copper ion transmembrane transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of copper ion transmembrane transport.


presynaptic endosome

An endosome present in the presynapse that fuses with endocytic vesicles arising in the presynaptic endocytic zone. This organelle is believed to be involved in regeneration of synaptic vesicles.


vesicle coating

A protein coat is added to the vesicle to form the proper shape of the vesicle and to target the vesicle for transport to its destination.


neurotransmitter receptor transport, postsynaptic endosome to lysosome

The directed movement of neurotransmitter receptor from the postsynaptic endosome in tranpsort vesicles to the lysosome for degradation.


regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of dendritic cell cytokine production.


regulation of B cell activation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of B cell activation.


cellular response to chloroquine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chloroquine stimulus.


protein K11-linked deubiquitination

A protein deubiquitination process in which a K11-linked ubiquitin chain, i.e. a polymer of ubiquitin formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 11 of the ubiquitin monomers, is removed from a protein.


motor neuron migration

The orderly movement of a motor neuron from one site to another. A motor neuron is an efferent neuron that passes from the central nervous system or a ganglion toward or to a muscle and conducts an impulse that causes movement.


hindbrain tangential cell migration

The migration of a cell in the hindbrain in which cells move orthogonal to the direction of radial migration.


CD103-positive dendritic cell

A conventional dendritic cell that is CD103-positive. This cell type is usually found in non-lymphoid tissue.


CD11b-positive dendritic cell

A conventional dendritic cell that expresses CD11b (ITGAM).


regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by the fusion of the plasma membranes of two or more individual cells.


post-embryonic foregut morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the foregut are generated and organized, during the post-embryonic phase.


mitotic spindle pole body

The microtubule organizing center that forms as part of the mitotic cell cycle; functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome.


protein localization to extracellular region

Any process in which a protein is transported from one specific location in the extracellular region to another, or maintained in a specific extracellular location.


glomerular filtration

The process in which plasma is filtered through the glomerular membrane which consists of capillary endothelial cells, the basement membrane, and epithelial cells. The glomerular filtrate is the same as plasma except it has no significant amount of protein.


response to water deprivation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a water deprivation stimulus, prolonged deprivation of water.


loop of Henle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the loop of Henle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The loop of Henle is a nephron tubule that connects the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule.


intracellular sodium ion homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of sodium ions within a cell.


collecting duct development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a collecting duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The collecting duct responds to vasopressin and aldosterone to regulate water, electrolyte and acid-base balance. It is the final common path through which urine flows before entering the ureter and then emptying into the bladder.


intracellular phosphate ion homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of phosphate ions within a cell.


citric acid secretion

The controlled release of citric acid, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, by a cell or a tissue.


cellular response to unfolded protein

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus.


connective tissue replacement

The series of events leading to growth of connective tissue when loss of tissues that are incapable of regeneration occurs, or when fibrinous exudate cannot be adequately cleared.


renal urate salt excretion

The elimination of urate salt or uric acid from peritubular capillaries (or surrounding hemolymph in invertebrates) into the renal tubules to be incorporated subsequently into the urine.


protein transport into plasma membrane raft

The directed movement of a protein into a plasma membrane raft.


regulation of protein transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


regulation of urine volume

Any process that modulates the amount of urine excreted from the body over a unit of time.


urate transport

The directed movement of urate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


response to diuretic

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diuretic stimulus. A diuretic is an agent that promotes the excretion of urine through its effects on kidney function.


multicellular organismal-level water homeostasis

A chemical homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of water within extracellular body fluids, such as blood, xylem or phloem, of a multicellular organism. This is distinct from maintenance of cellular homeostasis, which occurs within a cell.


Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state at the level of the multicellular organism.


response to unfolded protein

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus.


chemical homeostasis

Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of a chemical.


urea transmembrane transport

The process in which urea, the water-soluble compound H2N-CO-NH2, is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


cardiac cell fate specification

The process involved in the specification of cardiac cell identity. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment.


axonemal central pair projection

Part of the 9+2 axoneme, that occurs in most motile cilia, consisting of the projections off of the central pair of single microtubules.


axonemal central apparatus assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an axonemal central apparatus.


KLC1_MOUSE Kinesin light chain 1 (sprot)

A kinesin light chain 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


KLC2_MOUSE Kinesin light chain 2 (sprot)

A kinesin light chain 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


kinesin II complex

A complex consisting of two distinct motor subunits that form a heterodimer complexed with a third non-motor accessory subunit, the kinesin associated protein or KAP; the KIF3 heterodimer interacts via its C-terminal portion with KAP, which is thought to regulate the binding of the motor to cargo membranes.


epidermal stem cell homeostasis

Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of epidermal stem cells within a population of cells.


axonemal basal plate

Part of the axoneme consisting of a highly electron-dense region at the distal end of the ciliary transition zone within the axonemal lumen at which the axonemal central pair of microtubules is connected to the rest of the axonemal structure.


regulation of feeding behavior

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the behavior associated with the intake of food.


response to fluid shear stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fluid shear stress stimulus. Fluid shear stress is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface.


glomerular endothelium development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the glomerular endothelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus.


negative regulation of cortisol secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cortisol from a cell.


myo-inositol transport

The directed movement of myo-inositol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Myo-inositol is 1,2,3,4,5/4,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.


endopeptidase inhibitor activity

Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an endopeptidase.


blood vessel maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a blood vessel to attain its fully functional state.


negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell proliferation.


cardiocyte

A cell located in the heart, including both muscle and non muscle cells.


mesonephric duct formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a mesonephric duct. A mesonephric duct is a tube that drains the mesonephros.


urate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of urate, the anion of uric acid, 2,6,8-trioxypurine.


positive regulation of cation channel activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cation channel activity.


ciliated olfactory receptor neuron

An olfactory receptor cell in which the apical ending of the dendrite is a pronounced ciliated olfactory knob.


nephrocystin-3 isoform m1, initiator methionine removed myristoylated 1 (mouse)

A nephrocystin-3 isoform m1, initiator methionine removed form (mouse) that has been post-translationally modified to include N-terminal Gly myristoylation. UniProtKB:Q7TNH6-1, 2-1325, Gly-2, MOD:00068.


regulation of G-protein activated inward rectifier potassium channel activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of G-protein activated inward rectifier potassium channel activity.


regulation of retrograde axon cargo transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde axon cargo transport.


positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


cytoplasm protein quality control by the ubiquitin-proteasome system

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of misfolded proteins in the cytoplasm, which are targeted to cytoplasmic proteasomes for degradation.


RNA (guanine-N7)-methylation

The addition of a methyl group to the N7 atom in the base portion of a guanine nucleotide residue in an RNA molecule.


HRI-mediated signaling

A series of reactions in which a signal is passed on to downstream proteins within the cell via HRI (also known as EIF2AK1), an intracellular protein kinase that is activated by stress signals, such as heme deficiency, oxidative stress, osmotic shock, mitochondrial dysfunction and heat shock.


ubiquitin-protein transferase regulator activity

Binds to and modulates the activity of a ubiquitin-protein transferase, an enzyme that catalyzes the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to lysine in a substrate protein.


A member of the class of monochlorobenzenes that is benzene substituted by 2-(1,3-dinitrilopropan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl and chloro groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a mitochondrial depolarizing agent that induces reactive oxygen species mediated cell death.


fungal-type cell wall assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a fungal-type cell wall.


RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform 1 phosphorylated 1 (mouse)

A RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform 1 (mouse) that has been phosphorylated on the residue at the position equivalent to Ser-474 of the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q60823-1. UniProtKB:Q60823-1, Ser-474, MOD:00046.


nesprin-2 isoform m1 (mouse)

A nesprin-2 (mouse) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q6ZWQ0-1.


regulation of interleukin-6 production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production.


positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.


positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class II.


positive regulation of lymphocyte proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of lymphocyte proliferation.


positive regulation of interleukin-10 production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-10 production.


positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the stress-activated MAPK cascade.


positive regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) pathway.


positive regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 (NOD1) pathway.


nitric oxide production involved in inflammatory response

The synthesis or release of nitric oxide following a stimulus as part of an inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


positive regulation of macrophage activation

Any process that stimulates, induces or increases the rate of macrophage activation.


negative regulation of macrophage activation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage activation.


alternatively activated macrophage

An elicited macrophage characterized by low production of pro-inflammatory and Th1 polarizing cytokines and high expression of arginase-1, and associated with tissue remodelling.


lung macrophage

Circulating macrophages and tissue macrophages (alveolar macrophages) of lung.


TNR11_HUMAN Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11A (sprot)

A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11A that is encoded in the genome of human.


TNR3_HUMAN Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 3 (sprot)

A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TR13C_HUMAN Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13C (sprot)

A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13C that is encoded in the genome of human.


TNR12_HUMAN Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12A (sprot)

A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12A that is encoded in the genome of human.


response to anesthetic

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an anesthetic stimulus. An anesthetic is a substance that causes loss of feeling, awareness, or sensation.


osmosensory signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated in response to osmotic change.


chloride transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of chloride ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


regulation of body fluid levels

Any process that modulates the levels of body fluids.


urate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of urate, the anion of uric acid, 2,6,8-trioxypurine.


Allantoin

An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is 5-aminohydantoin in which a carbamoyl group is attached to the exocyclic nitrogen.


gastrin-induced gastric acid secretion

The regulated release of gastric acid induced by the interaction of gastrin with its receptor.


corticosterone secretion

The regulated release of corticosterone into the circulatory system. Corticosterone is a 21-carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands.


response to acetylcholine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acetylcholine stimulus.


renin secretion into blood stream

The regulated release of renin into the blood stream by juxtoglomerular cells.


renal sodium excretion

The elimination of sodium ions from peritubular capillaries (or surrounding hemolymph in invertebrates) into the renal tubules to be incorporated subsequently into the urine.


angioblast cell migration

The orderly movement of angioblasts, cells involved in blood vessel morphogenesis.


morphogenesis of a branching structure

The process in which the anatomical structures of branches are generated and organized. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem. Examples in animals would include blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics and other endothelial or epithelial tubes.


protein localization to cell cortex

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, the cell cortex.


mesonephros development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the mesonephros is the second of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the mesonephros will form the mature kidney.


negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development.


regulation of epidermis development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epidermis development.


regulation of keratinocyte proliferation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


positive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


negative regulation of keratinocyte proliferation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


positive regulation of keratinocyte differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte differentiation.


cornified envelope

A type of plasma membrane that has been modified through addition of distinct intracellular and extracellular components, including ceramide, found in cornifying epithelial cells (corneocytes).


regulation of epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation.


prostate gland morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a prostate gland are generated and organized.


mammary gland fat development

The progression of the mammary gland fat over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary fat is an adipose structure in the gland that is invaded by the mammary ducts.


mammary placode formation

The developmental process in which the mammary placode forms. The mammary placode is a transient lens shaped structure that will give rise to the mammary bud proper.


mammary gland bud formation

The morphogenetic process in which a bud forms from the mammary placode. A mammary bud is bulb of epithelial cells that is distinct from the surrounding epidermis.


iodide transport

The directed movement of iodide into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


beta-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-glucose residues with release of beta-D-glucose.


pyramidal neuron differentiation

The process in which a neuroblast or one of its progeny commits to a pyramidal neuron fate, migrates from the ventricular zone to the appropriate layer in the cortex and develops into a mature neuron.


cerebellar Purkinje cell layer formation

The process that gives rise to the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells.


microglial cell proliferation

The expansion of a microglial cell population by cell division.


Weibel-Palade body

A large, elongated, rod-shaped secretory granule characteristic of vascular endothelial cells that contain a number of structurally and functionally distinct proteins, of which the best characterized are von Willebrand factor (VWF) and P-selectin. Weibel-Palade bodies are formed from the trans-Golgi network in a process that depends on VWF, which is densely packed in a highly organized manner, and on coat proteins that remain associated with the granules. Upon cell stimulation, regulated exocytosis releases the contained proteins to the cell surface, where they act in the recruitment of platelets and leukocytes and in inflammatory and vasoactive responses.


response to peptide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide stimulus.


response to nitric oxide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitric oxide stimulus.


negative regulation of programmed necrotic cell death

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed necrotic cell death.


positive regulation of neutrophil extravasation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil extravasation.


positive regulation of T cell extravasation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell extravasation.


negative regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the retina.


negative regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of homotypic cell-cell adhesion.


desmosome

A cell-cell junction in which: on the cytoplasmic surface of each interacting plasma membrane is a dense plaque composed of a mixture of intracellular anchor proteins; a bundle of keratin intermediate filaments is attached to the surface of each plaque; transmembrane adhesion proteins of the cadherin family bind to the plaques and interact through their extracellular domains to hold the adjacent membranes together by a Ca2+-dependent mechanism.


proline-rich region binding

Binding to a proline-rich region, i.e. a region that contains a high proportion of proline residues, in a protein.


regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation.


bud elongation involved in lung branching

The process in which a bud in the lung grows out from the point where it is formed.


WBP1_MOUSE WW domain-binding protein 1 (sprot)

A WW domain-binding protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


An enzyme complex composed of 2-4 or more subunits, which usually contains nonheme iron and requires ATP for catalysis. Catalyzes the formation of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate from ribonucleoside diphosphate, using either thioredoxin disulfide or glutaredoxin disulfide as an acceptor.


deoxyribonucleotide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a deoxyribonucleotide, a compound consisting of deoxyribonucleoside (a base linked to a deoxyribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.


multi fate stem cell

A stem cell that can give rise to multiple lineages of cells.


VGFR3_HUMAN Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (sprot)

A vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HES5_HUMAN Transcription factor HES-5 (sprot)

A transcription factor HES-5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ACTA_HUMAN Actin, aortic smooth muscle (sprot)

An actin, aortic smooth muscle that is encoded in the genome of human.


HEY1_HUMAN Hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 1 (sprot)

A hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HEY2_HUMAN Hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 2 (sprot)

A hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


transcription factor Ovo-like 2 isoform 2 (mouse)

A transcription factor Ovo-like 2 (mouse) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q8CIV7-2.


blastocyst formation

The initial formation of a blastocyst from a solid ball of cells known as a morula.


trophectodermal cell fate commitment

The cell fate commitment of precursor cells that will become trophectoderm cells.


insulin receptor substrate binding

Binding to an insulin receptor substrate (IRS) protein, an adaptor protein that bind to the transphosphorylated insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptors, are themselves phosphorylated and in turn recruit SH2 domain-containing signaling molecules to form a productive signaling complex.


transition between fast and slow fiber

The process of conversion of fast-contracting muscle fibers to a slower character. This may involve slowing of contractile rate, slow myosin gene induction, increase in oxidative metabolic properties, altered electrophysiology and altered innervation. This process also regulates skeletal muscle adapatation.


GBA1_HUMAN Lysosomal acid glucosylceramidase (sprot)

A lysosomal acid glucosylceramidase that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation in the thymus.


DN2 thymocyte

A thymocyte that has the phenotype CD4-negative, CD8-negative, CD44-positive, and CD25-positive.


negative regulation of mitophagy

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitophagy.


thrombocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a thrombocyte, a nucleated cell found in all vertebrates but mammals involved in hemostasis.


positive regulation of serine C-palmitoyltransferase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of serine C-palmitoyltransferase activity.


regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).


proteasome regulatory particle assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a mature, active proteasome regulatory particle complex.


AFLB_ASPPU Fatty acid synthase beta subunit aflB (sprot)


AFLA_ASPPU Fatty acid synthase alpha subunit aflA (sprot)


muscle cell fate determination

The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a muscle cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.


hepatic stem cell

A stem cell that can give rise to the cells of the liver. The term usually refers to the self-renewing pool of hepatocyte precursors in the adult liver (differently from 'hepatoblast', often used for fetal precursors of hepatocytes).


cholangiocyte

An epithelial cell that is part of the bile duct. Cholangiocytes contribute to bile secretion via net release of bicarbonate and water. They are cuboidal epithelium in the small interlobular bile ducts, but become columnar and mucus secreting in larger bile ducts approaching the porta hepatis and the extrahepatic ducts.


limb morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a limb are generated and organized. A limb is a paired appendage of a tetrapod used for locomotion or grasping.


positive regulation of stem cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell proliferation.


forelimb morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the forelimb are generated and organized. The forelimbs are the front limbs of an animal, e.g. the arms of a human.


branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis

The process in which the branching structure of the mammary gland duct is generated and organized. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk.


ventricular septum morphogenesis

The developmental process in which a ventricular septum is generated and organized. A ventricular septum is an anatomical structure that separates the lower chambers (ventricles) of the heart from one another.


limbic system development

The progression of the limbic system over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The limbic system is a collection of structures in the brain involved in emotion, motivation and emotional aspects of memory.


mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development

The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population of the ureter, that contributes to ureter development.


ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell in the ureter.


oligopeptide binding

Binding to an oligopeptide.


response to peptidoglycan

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptidoglycan stimulus. Peptidoglycan is a bacterial cell wall macromolecule.


behavior

The internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of animals (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli, via a mechanism that involves nervous system activity.


glutamate receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of glutamate to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


negative regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the growth of a cardiac muscle cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from its initial formation to its mature state.


eyelid development in camera-type eye

The progression of the eyelid in a camera-type eye from its formation to the mature state. The eyelid is a membranous cover that helps protect and lubricate the eye.


positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells.


positive regulation of epithelial cell migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell migration.


positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation.


leading edge cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of leading edge cells, cells at the front of a migrating epithelial sheet.


renal absorption

A renal system process in which water, ions, glucose and proteins are taken up from the collecting ducts, glomerulus and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures (e.g. protein absorption is observed in nephrocytes in Drosophila, see PMID:23264686).


negative regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division.


regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the growth of a cardiac muscle cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from its initial formation to its mature state.


osmosensory signaling pathway via Sho1 osmosensor

The series of molecular signals generated in response to osmotic change, as mediated through a Sho1 osmosensor system.


vesicle localization

Any process in which a vesicle or vesicles are transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location.


engulfment of apoptotic cell

The removal of the apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, by a neighboring cell or by a phagocyte.


neutrophil clearance

The selective elimination of senescent neutrophils from the body by autoregulatory mechanisms.


lymphocyte activation

A change in morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.


vagina development

The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of the vagina over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


negative regulation of lymphocyte activation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte activation.


NF-kappaB binding

Binding to NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters.


dATP biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dATP, deoxyadenosine triphosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate).


immature T cell proliferation

The expansion of an immature T cell population by cell division.


negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the SMAD protein signaling pathway.


UCMA_HUMAN Unique cartilage matrix-associated protein (sprot)

A unique cartilage matrix-associated protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

The process that reduces the force with which blood travels through the systemic arterial circulatory system.


smooth muscle cell apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a smooth muscle cell. Smooth muscle consists of non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels.


positive regulation of sodium-dependent phosphate transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sodium-dependent phosphate transport.


cellular bud neck septin ring

A ring-shaped structure that forms at the site of cytokinesis in the bud neck of a budding cell; composed of members of the conserved family of filament forming proteins called septins as well as septin-associated proteins. In S. cerevisiae, this structure forms at the time of bud emergence and the septins show a high rate of exchange.


septin complex

A protein complex containing septins. Typically, these complexes contain multiple septins and are oligomeric.


septin filament array

Arrays of septin filaments, or bars, found in a series of filamentous structures. Such structures have been observed in the prospore membrane during spore formation in S. cerevisiae and in the chlamydospore membrane during chlamydospore formation in C. albicans.


prospore membrane

The prospore membrane is a double-membraned structure that extends from the cytoplasmic face of the spindle pole bodies to encompass the spindle pole bodies and the four nuclear lobes that are formed during meiosis. It helps isolate the meiotic nuclei from the cytoplasm during spore formation and serves as a foundation for the formation of the spore walls. An example of this component is found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.


mating projection base

The region where the mating projection meets the bulk of the cell, in unicellular fungi exposed to mating pheromone.


1-phosphatidylinositol binding

Binding to a phosphatidylinositol, a glycophospholipid with its sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol.


Binding to phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 5' position.


septin ring assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of septins and associated proteins to form an organized structure resembling a ring at the cell cortex.


glutamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid.


glycine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycine, aminoethanoic acid.


taurine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), a sulphur-containing amino acid derivative important in the metabolism of fats.


L-serine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.


threonine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.


sensory neuron axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a sensory neuron is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. A sensory neuron is an afferent neuron conveying sensory impulses.


dorsal spinal cord development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dorsal region of the spinal cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dorsal region of the mature spinal cord contains neurons that process and relay sensory input.


cytoplasmic translation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a protein in the cytoplasm. This is a ribosome-mediated process in which the information in messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to specify the sequence of amino acids in the protein.


cerebellar granule cell differentiation

The process in which neuroblasts acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature cerebellar granule cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a granule cell fate. A granule cell is a glutamatergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex.


ionotropic glutamate receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to a glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


radial glia guided migration of Purkinje cell

The migration of postmitotic a Purkinje cell along radial glial cells from the ventricular zone to the Purkinje cell layer.


cerebellum structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the cerebellum. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The cerebellum is the portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the pons. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills.


radial glia guided migration of cerebellar granule cell

The inward migration of postmitotic granule cells along a radial glial cell from the external granule layer to the internal granule cell layer.


response to zinc ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a zinc ion stimulus.


D-alanine transport

The directed movement of D-alanine, the D-enantiomer of 2-aminopropanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


D-serine transport

The directed movement of D-serine, the D-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of neuroblasts that will give rise to granule cells. A granule cell is a glutamatergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex.


cerebellum maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the cerebellum to attain its fully functional state. The cerebellum is the portion of the brain in the back of the head between the cerebrum and the pons. The cerebellum controls balance for walking and standing, modulates the force and range of movement and is involved in the learning of motor skills.


Schmidt-Lanterman incisure

Regions within compact myelin in which the cytoplasmic faces of the enveloping myelin sheath are not tightly juxtaposed, and include cytoplasm from the cell responsible for making the myelin. Schmidt-Lanterman incisures occur in the compact myelin internode, while lateral loops are analogous structures found in the paranodal region adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier.


microvillus organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microvillus, a thin cylindrical membrane-covered projection on the surface of a cell.


regulation of axon diameter

Any process that modulates the rate, direction or extent of axon growth such that the correct diameter is attained and maintained.


myelin assembly

The process in which the wraps of cell membrane that constitute myelin are laid down around an axon in the central or peripheral nervous system.


commissural neuron axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a commissural neuron is directed to its target in the brain in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


neuroinflammatory response

The immediate defensive reaction by neural vertebrate tissue to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents.


G-quadruplex DNA unwinding

The process by which G-quadruplex (also known as G4) DNA, which is a four-stranded DNA structure held together by guanine base pairing, is unwound or 'melted'.


telomeric DNA binding

Binding to a telomere, a specific structure at the end of a linear chromosome required for the integrity and maintenance of the end.


regulation of telomere maintenance

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process that affects and monitors the activity of telomeric proteins and the length of telomeric DNA.


DNA duplex unwinding

The process in which interchain hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA are broken or 'melted', generating a region of unpaired single strands.


positive regulation of nuclease activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids.


error-free postreplication DNA repair

The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA via processes such as template switching, which does not remove the replication-blocking lesions but does not increase the endogenous mutation rate.


FANCB_HUMAN Fanconi anemia group B protein (sprot)

A Fanconi anemia group B protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


FANCC_HUMAN Fanconi anemia group C protein (sprot)

A Fanconi anemia group C protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


FAP20_HUMAN Fanconi anemia core complex-associated protein 20 (sprot)

A Fanconi anemia core complex-associated protein 20 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FANCE_HUMAN Fanconi anemia group E protein (sprot)

A Fanconi anemia group E protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


FANCF_HUMAN Fanconi anemia group F protein (sprot)

A Fanconi anemia group F protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


FANCL_HUMAN E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase FANCL (sprot)

An E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase FANCL that is encoded in the genome of human.


FP100_HUMAN Fanconi anemia core complex-associated protein 100 (sprot)

A Fanconi anemia core complex-associated protein 100 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FANCA_HUMAN Fanconi anemia group A protein (sprot)

A Fanconi anemia group A protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


FANCG_HUMAN Fanconi anemia group G protein (sprot)

A Fanconi anemia group G protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


UBE2T_HUMAN Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 T (sprot)

A ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 T that is encoded in the genome of human.


FANCM_HUMAN Fanconi anemia group M protein (sprot)

A Fanconi anemia group M protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


FAP24_HUMAN Fanconi anemia core complex-associated protein 24 (sprot)

A Fanconi anemia core complex-associated protein 24 that is encoded in the genome of human.


invasive growth in response to glucose limitation

A growth pattern exhibited by budding haploid cells under certain growth conditions, in which cells retain the typical axial budding pattern of haploids, but become elongated and fail to separate after division; during growth on a solid substrate, this results in penetration of cells into the agar medium. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


tRNA (guanine-N7)-methylation

The process whereby a guanine in a tRNA is methylated at the N7 position of guanine.


regulation of cell wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy, not direct ATP coupling. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.


regulation of intracellular pH

Any process that modulates the internal pH of a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


trigeminal sensory nucleus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the trigeminal sensory nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


cardiac muscle progenitor cell migration to the midline involved in heart field formation

The orderly movement of a myocardial progenitor cell toward the midline to form the heart field. Cardiac muscle progenitor cells are non-terminally differentiated, mesoderm-derived cells that are committed to differentiate into myocardial cells of the heart.


protein O-linked fucosylation

The process of transferring a fucosyl group to a serine or threonine residues in a protein acceptor molecule, to form an O-linked protein-sugar linkage.


SEM5A_HUMAN Semaphorin-5A (sprot)

A semaphorin-5A that is encoded in the genome of human.


SSPO_HUMAN SCO-spondin (sprot)

A SCO-spondin that is encoded in the genome of human.


PROP_HUMAN Properdin (sprot)

A properdin that is encoded in the genome of human.


TSP2_HUMAN Thrombospondin-2 (sprot)

A thrombospondin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATS12_HUMAN A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 12 (sprot)

An a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 12 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATS20_HUMAN A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 20 (sprot)

An a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 20 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATL3_HUMAN ADAMTS-like protein 3 (sprot)

An ADAMTS-like protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATL4_HUMAN ADAMTS-like protein 4 (sprot)

An ADAMTS-like protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATL5_HUMAN ADAMTS-like protein 5 (sprot)

An ADAMTS-like protein 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


THSD4_HUMAN Thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein 4 (sprot)

A thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATS13_HUMAN A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 13 (sprot)

An a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 13 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATL2_HUMAN ADAMTS-like protein 2 (sprot)

An ADAMTS-like protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SBSPO_HUMAN Somatomedin-B and thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein (sprot)

A somatomedin-B and thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATL1_HUMAN ADAMTS-like protein 1 (sprot)

An ADAMTS-like protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATS17_HUMAN A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 17 (sprot)

An a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 17 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATS15_HUMAN A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 15 (sprot)

An a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 15 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATS19_HUMAN A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 19 (sprot)

An a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 19 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SPON2_HUMAN Spondin-2 (sprot)

A spondin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


THS7B_HUMAN Thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein 7B (sprot)

A thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein 7B that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATS10_HUMAN A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 10 (sprot)

An a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SPON1_HUMAN Spondin-1 (sprot)

A spondin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


THSD1_HUMAN Thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein 1 (sprot)

A thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SEM5B_HUMAN Semaphorin-5B (sprot)

A semaphorin-5B that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATS7_HUMAN A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 7 (sprot)

An a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATS6_HUMAN A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 6 (sprot)

An a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


THS7A_HUMAN Thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein 7A (sprot)

A thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein 7A that is encoded in the genome of human.


secondary heart field

biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A specific region of the lateral mesoderm that will form the majority of the mesodermal component of the right ventricle, arterial pole (outflow tract) and venous pole (inflow tract).


neural crest cell

A cell of the neural crest. Neural crest cells are multipotent. Premigratory neural crest cells are found at the neural plate boarder, some of which will undergo ectomesynchymal transition and delamination to form migratory neural crest cells.


heparin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heparin, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans of average Mr (6000-20000), consisting predominantly of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-sulfate residues.


sulfation

The addition of a sulfate group to a molecule.


dendritic cell migration

The movement of a dendritic cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


hypersensitivity

An inflammatory response to an exogenous environmental antigen or an endogenous antigen initiated by the adaptive immune system.


lymphocyte adhesion to endothelial cell of high endothelial venule

The attachment of a lymphocyte to an endothelial cell of a high endothelial venule (HEV) via adhesion molecules. A HEV cell is an endothelial cell that is cuboidal, expresses leukocyte-specific receptors, and allows for passage of lymphocytes into bloodstream.


leukocyte tethering or rolling

Transient adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells lining blood vessels. Carbohydrates on circulating leukocytes bind selectins on the vessel wall causing the leukocytes to slow down and roll along the inner surface of the vessel wall. During this rolling motion, transitory bonds are formed and broken between selectins and their ligands. Typically the first step in cellular extravasation (the movement of leukocytes out of the circulatory system, towards the site of tissue damage or infection).


response to heparin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heparin stimulus.


endochondral bone growth

The increase in size or mass of an endochondral bone that contributes to the shaping of the bone.


response to growth factor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus.


heart field specification

The process that results in the delineation of a specific region of the lateral mesoderm into the area in which the heart will develop.


heparin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving heparin, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans found mainly as an intracellular component of mast cells. They are similar to heparan sulfates but are of somewhat higher average Mr (6000-20000) and contain fewer N-acetyl groups and more N-sulfate and O-sulfate groups; they may be attached in the same manner to protein, forming proteoglycans. They consist predominantly of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-sulfate residues.


fluid transport

The directed movement of substances that are in liquid form in normal living conditions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


vascular system

Anatomical system that consists of all blood and lymph vessels.


tectorial membrane of cochlea

The overlaying membrane of the cochlear duct, an extracellular matrix of the inner ear that contacts the stereocilia bundles of specialized sensory hair cells; sound induces movement of these hair cells relative to the tectorial membrane, deflects the stereocilia, and leads to fluctuations in hair cell membrane potential, transducing sound into electrical signals[MP,modified].


negative regulation of axon extension involved in regeneration

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension involved in regeneration.


positive regulation of axon extension involved in regeneration

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of axon extension involved in regeneration.


regulation of pteridine metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving pteridine.


regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction by changing the calcium ion signals that trigger contraction.


cellular response to oscillatory fluid shear stress

Any response to oscillatory fluid shear stress that occurs at the level of a cell.


regulation of collagen biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals.


regulation of apoptosis involved in tissue homeostasis

Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptosis that results in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a tissue.


protein sulfation

The addition of a sulfate group as an ester to a protein amino acid.


polysaccharide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically.


heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process, enzymatic modification

The modification, often by sulfation, of sugars incorporated into heparan sulfate after polymerization.


UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a UDP-N-acetylglucosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. N-acetylglucosamine is a substance composed of N-acetylglucosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


oligosaccharyltransferase complex

A protein complex that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of eukaryotes and transfers lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor to asparagine residues on nascent proteins. In yeast, the complex includes at least nine different subunits, whereas in mammalian cells at least three different forms of the complex have been detected.


beta-secretase 1 isoform 1 N-glycosylated 5 (mouse)

A beta-secretase 1 isoform 1 (mouse) that has been glycosylated at positions equivalent to Asn-153 and Asn-223 of the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P56818-1. UniProtKB:P56818-1, Asn-153/Asn-223, MOD:00160.