prephenate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: prephenate = phenylpyruvate + H2O + CO2.


U2-type prespliceosome assembly

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The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an U2-type prespliceosome.


7-methylguanosine cap hypermethylation

Hypermethylation of the 7-(mono)methylguanosine (m(7)G) cap structure at the 2' position of the guanosine residue to convert a mono-methylated cap to a 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine cap structure. This type of cap modification occurs on small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and is dependent on prior guanine-N7 methylation.


biotin carboxylase activity

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Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + biotin-carboxyl-carrier protein + CO2 = ADP + phosphate + carboxybiotin-carboxyl-carrier protein.


para-aminobenzoic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of para-aminobenzoic acid, an intermediate in the synthesis of folic acid, a compound which some organisms, e.g. prokaryotes, eukaryotic microbes, and plants, can synthesize de novo. Others, notably mammals, cannot. In yeast, it is present as a factor in the B complex of vitamins.


Catalysis of the reaction: farnesylfarnesylgeranyl diphosphate + p-hydroxybenzoate = 3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate + diphosphate.


saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-glutamate-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-saccharopine + H2O + NADP+ = L-allysine + L-glutamate + H+ + NADPH.


positive regulation of phospholipid translocation

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the translocation, or flipping, of phospholipid molecules from one monolayer of a membrane bilayer to the opposite monolayer.


small-subunit processome assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a small-subunit processome.


dethiobiotin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-diaminononanoate + ATP + CO2 = ADP + dethiobiotin + 4 H+ + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 8-amino-7-oxononanoate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 7,8-diaminononanoate + S-adenosyl-4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate.


epoxide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving epoxides, compounds in which an oxygen atom is directly attached to two adjacent or non-adjacent carbon atoms of a carbon chain or ring system; thus cyclic ethers.


regulation of retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to ER

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to ER.


(1->3)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds.


The process of coupling glutamate to glutamyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by glutamyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


ascus lipid droplet

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Any particle of coalesced lipids in an ascus or ascospore. May include associated proteins.


spermidine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane.


thiaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + thiamine = 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine + 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole + H+.


phosphomethylpyrimidine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-amino-2-methyl-5-phosphomethylpyrimidine = ADP + 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine.


hydroxymethylpyrimidine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine + ATP = 4-amino-2-methyl-5-phosphomethylpyrimidine + ADP + 2 H+.


thiamine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-diamino-6-hydroxy-4-(5-phosphoribosylamino)-pyrimidine + H2O + H+ = 5-amino-6-(5-phosphoribosylamino)uracil + NH4.


methylglyoxal reductase (NADH-dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+ = methylglyoxal + NADH + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine = N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate.


mRNA cap binding

Binding to a 7-methylguanosine (m7G) group or derivative located at the 5' end of an mRNA molecule.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate + 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione = 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine + phosphate.


methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH-dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: lactaldehyde + NADP+ = methylglyoxal + NADPH + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylbutanol + NAD(P)+ = 3-methylbutanal + NAD(P)H + H+. 3-methylbutanal is also known as isovaleraldehyde.


ferric-enterobactin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of ferric-enterobactin from one side of a membrane to the other.


ferric-enterobactin import into cell

A process in which ferric-enterobactin, the iron-bound form of the siderophore enterobactin, is transported into the cell by specific cell surface receptors.


linear primary-alkylsulfatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a primary linear alkyl sulfate ester + H2O =>a primary alcohol + H(+) + sulfate.


dodecyl sulfate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving dodecyl sulfate, commonly found as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), a component of a variety of synthetic surfactants.


hexosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


dolichyl pyrophosphate Man9GlcNAc2 alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the addition of the first glucose residue to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor for N-linked glycosylation; the transfer of glucose from dolichyl phosphate glucose (Dol-P-Glc) on to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol.


ABC-type sterol transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + sterol(in) = ADP + phosphate + sterol(out).


mitochondrial RNA 5'-end processing

Any process involved in forming the mature 5' end of an RNA molecule transcribed from a mitochondrial genome; occurs in the mitochondrion.


nicotinamide riboside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide riboside, the product of the formation of a glycosidic bond between ribose and nicotinamide.


nicotinic acid riboside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinic acid riboside, the product of the formation of a glycosidic bond between ribose and nicotinic acid.


dolichyl pyrophosphate Glc1Man9GlcNAc2 alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the addition of the second glucose residue to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor for N-linked glycosylation; the transfer of glucose from dolichyl phosphate glucose (Dol-P-Glc) on to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide Glc(1)Man(9)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol.


retromer, tubulation complex

The dimeric subcomplex of the retromer, believed to be peripherally associated with the membrane. This dimeric complex is responsible for remodeling endosomal membranes to form a tube-structure to which cargo molecules are selected for recycling. The budding yeast complex comprises Vps5p and Vps17p, and may contain multiple copies of a Vps5p/Vps17p dimer. The mammalian complex contains SNX1 or SNX2 dimerized with SNX5 or SNX6.


carnitine:acyl carnitine antiporter activity

Catalysis of the reaction: carnitine (mitochondrial) + acyl carnitine (cytoplasm) = carnitine (cytoplasm) + acyl carnitine (mitochondrial).


glycerol dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which glycerol is converted into glycerone and NAD+ or NADP is reduced.


mitochondrial L-ornithine transmembrane transport

The process in which L-ornithine is transported across a mitochondrial membrane, into or out of the mitochondrion.


inosine salvage

Any process that generates inosine, hypoxanthine riboside, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.


Catalysis of the reaction: P1-P6-bis(5'-adenosyl) hexaphosphate + H2O = AMP + adenosine 5'-pentaphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: P1-P6-bis(5'-adenosyl) pentaphosphate + H2O = AMP + adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate.


diadenosine polyphosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diadenosine polyphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with phosphate groups attached.


nuclear mRNA surveillance of mRNP export

The set of processes involved in identifying and degrading incorrectly formed or aberrant nuclear mRNPs docked at the nuclear pore complex prior to export to the cytoplasm.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing N1-methylguanine.


enzyme-directed rRNA pseudouridine synthesis

The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine during ribosome biogenesis where the enzyme specifies the site that becomes pseudouridylated without using a guide RNA.


intracellular triglyceride homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of triglyceride within a cell.


cytosol to endoplasmic reticulum transport

The directed movement of substances from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell.


DNA 5'-adenosine monophosphate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-AMP-DNA + H2O = AMP + DNA; nucleophilic release of a covalently linked adenylate residue from a DNA strand, leaving a 5' phosphate terminus.


riboflavin transport

The directed movement of riboflavin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin, converted in the cell to FMN and FAD, cofactors required for the function of flavoproteins.


maturation of 5S rRNA

Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature 5S rRNA molecule.


CTP-dependent diacylglycerol kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + CTP = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CDP + H+.


regulation of isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, mevalonate pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, mevalonate pathway.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + NADP+ + phosphate = L-glutamyl 5-phosphate + H+ + NADPH.


cell cortex of cell tip

The region directly beneath the plasma membrane at the cell tip. The cell tip is the region at either end of the longest axis of a cylindrical or elongated cell.


negative regulation of DNA recombinase mediator complex assembly

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombinase mediator complex assembly.


formate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.


fluoride transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of fluoride from one side of a membrane to the other.


fluoride transmembrane transport

The process in which fluoride is transported across a membrane.


Catalysis of the reaction: cyclobutadipyrimidine (in DNA) = 2 pyrimidine residues (in DNA). This reaction represents the reactivation of irradiated DNA by light.


photoreactive repair

The repair of UV-induced T-T, C-T and C-C dimers by directly reversing the damage to restore the original pyrimidines.


microtubule anchoring

Any process in which a microtubule is maintained in a specific location in a cell.


terpenoid biosynthetic process, mevalonate-dependent

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoids via isopentenyl diphosphate, synthesized by the mevalonate pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in terpenoid biosynthesis, and in mevalonate-dependent terpenoid biosynthesis, acetate, in the form of acetyl-CoA, is converted to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) through a series of mevalonate intermediates.


terpenoid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoids, any member of a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure.


positive regulation of transcription from a mobile element promoter

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from a mobile element promoter.


dihydroceramidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a dihydroceramide + H2O = a fatty acid + dihydrosphingosine.


sulfite transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of sulfite ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


alcohol O-octanoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: octanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + an octyl ester.


The process of coupling aspartate to aspartyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by aspartyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule

A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm.


RNA cap binding

Binding to a 7-methylguanosine (m7G) group or derivative located at the 5' end of an RNA molecule.


nuclear membrane fusion involved in karyogamy

The joining of 2 or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround the nucleus during the creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei.


phosphatidylglycerol phospholipase C activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylglycerol + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate.


phosphatidylglycerol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylglycerols, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of glycerol.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine + 4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole + H+ = diphosphate + thiamine phosphate.


hydroxyethylthiazole kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methylthiazole + ATP = 4-methyl-5-(2-phosphoethyl)-thiazole + ADP + 2 H+.


L-methionine salvage from S-adenosylmethionine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from S-adenosylmethionine.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-adenosylhomocysteine; the L-enantiomer is formed from S-adenosylmethionine and is a strong inhibitor of S-adenosylmethionine-mediated methylation reactions. It can be cleaved to form adenosine and homocysteine.


methylglyoxal catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, the aldehyde of pyruvic acid.


propionate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving propionate, the anion derived from propionic (propanoic) acid, a carboxylic acid important in the energy metabolism of ruminants.


2-methylcitrate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + oxaloacetate + propanoyl-CoA = (2R,3S)-2-methylcitrate + CoA + H+.


5'-adenylyl sulfate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of 5'-adenylyl sulfate from one side of a membrane to the other.


3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate transmembrane transport

The process in which 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate is transported across a membrane.


cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds.


uniporter activity

Catalysis of the transport of a single molecular species across a membrane; transport is independent of the movement of any other molecular species.


The process of coupling phenylalanine to phenylalanyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


chorismate mutase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: chorismate = prephenate.


cytosine deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cytosine + H2O = uracil + NH3.


cytidine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cytidine, cytosine riboside, a widely distributed nucleoside.


positive regulation of ARF protein signal transduction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ARF protein signal transduction.


negative regulation of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine biosynthetic process.


prespliceosome

A spliceosomal complex that is formed by association of the 5' splice site and the branch point sequence with specific snRNPs. The prespliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the bound snRNPs. Commitment to a given pair of 5' and 3' splice sites occurs at the time of prespliceosome formation. Prespliceosome complexes are not active for splicing, but are instead an early step in the assembly of a spliceosomal complex.


RNA strand-exchange activity

Facilitates the displacement of one strand of an RNA-RNA duplex and its replacement with a different strand of higher complementarity.


positive regulation of monopolar cell growth

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of monopolar cell growth, polarized growth from one end of a cell.


arsenate reductase activity

Catalysis of the interconversion of arsenate and arsenite.


antimonite transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of antimonite from one side of a membrane to the other.


arsenite transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of arsenite from one side of a membrane to the other.


antimonite transport

The directed movement of antimonite into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


snoRNA guided rRNA pseudouridine synthesis

The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine in an rRNA molecule during ribosome biogenesis using a snoRNA guide that targets the position of pseudouridylation.


rRNA acetylation

The modification of rRNA structure by addition of an acetyl group to rRNA. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid.


alignment of 3' and 5' splice sites of mRNA

Recognition of both the 5' and 3'-splice sites and positioning them in the correct alignment with respect to each other so that the second catalytic step of nuclear mRNA splicing can occur.


eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2 binding

Binding to eukaryotic initiation factor eIF2, a protein complex involved in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation.


pseudouridine 5'-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pseudouridine 5'-phosphate + H2O = pseudouridine + phosphate.


intron homing

Lateral transfer of an intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron.


homing of group II introns

Lateral transfer of a group II intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron; group II introns are self-splicing introns with a conserved secondary structure.


movement of group I intron

Lateral transfer of a group I intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron; group I introns are self-splicing introns that use guanosine as a cofactor in the splicing reaction.


snoRNA guided rRNA 2'-O-methylation

The posttranscriptional addition of methyl groups to the 2'-oxygen atom of nucleotide residues in an rRNA molecule during ribosome biogenesis using a snoRNA guide that targets the position of methylation.


[4Fe-4S] cluster assembly

The incorporation of four iron atoms and four sulfur atoms into an iron-sulfur cluster.


nuclear RNA surveillance

A process that identifies and degrades defective or aberrant RNAs within the nucleus.


FANCM-MHF complex

A protein complex contains the proteins FANCM and MHF, or their orthologs, plays an essential role in DNA remodeling, protects replication forks, and is conserved in eukaryotes.


ATPase-coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other, driven by the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate.


cell wall biogenesis

A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cell wall. Includes biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, such as proteins and polysaccharides, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the cellular component. A cell wall is the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis.


site-specific recombinase activity

Catalysis of the formation of new phosphodiester bonds between a pair of short, unique target DNA sequences.


plasmid recombination

A process of DNA recombination occurring within a plasmid or between plasmids and other plasmids or DNA molecules.


snRNA pseudouridylation guide activity

Activity that provides specificity to a pseudouridine synthetase by using base complementarity to guide site-specific pseudouridylations to a small nuclear RNA molecule.


presynaptic actin cytoskeleton

The actin cytoskeleton that is part of a presynapse.


A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a postsynaptic specialization, a structure that lies adjacent to the cytoplasmic face of the postsynaptic membrane.


CALY_HUMAN Neuron-specific vesicular protein calcyon (sprot)

A neuron-specific vesicular protein calcyon that is encoded in the genome of human.


NCAM1_CHICK Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (sprot)

A neural cell adhesion molecule 1 that is encoded in the genome of chicken.


axonal transport of messenger ribonucleoprotein complex

The directed movement of a messenger ribonucleoprotein complex along microtubules in axons.


anterograde dendritic transport of messenger ribonucleoprotein complex

The directed movement of a messenger ribonucleoprotein complex along microtubules in nerve cell dendrites towards the postsynapse.


regulation of synaptic vesicle budding from presynaptic endocytic zone membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle budding from presynaptic endocytic zone membrane.


dendritic transport of mitochondrion

The directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in nerve cell dendrites.


structural constituent of presynapse

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a presynapse.


teneurin-2 isoform h2 (human)

A teneurin-2 (human) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q9NT68-2.


Q9Z0N9_RAT Importin subunit alpha (trembl)


synaptic vesicle lumen

The volume enclosed by the synaptic vesicle membrane.


regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

Any process that modulates the potential difference across a presynaptic membrane.


Q6IT90_LAMFL Amphiphysin (Fragment) (trembl)


G3P_BOVIN Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (sprot)


GRIK4_HUMAN Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 4 (sprot)

A glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GRIK5_HUMAN Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 5 (sprot)

A glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GLRA1_HUMAN Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1 (sprot)

A glycine receptor subunit alpha-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GRIA3_HUMAN Glutamate receptor 3 (sprot)

A glutamate receptor 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GRIA4_HUMAN Glutamate receptor 4 (sprot)

A glutamate receptor 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GBRA5_HUMAN Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 (sprot)

A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GBRB1_HUMAN Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 (sprot)

A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NMD3B_HUMAN Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B (sprot)

A glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B that is encoded in the genome of human.


SCN1A_HUMAN Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha (sprot)

A sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


KCNJ8_HUMAN ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 8 (sprot)

An ATP-sensitive inward rectifier potassium channel 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


postsynaptic endosome membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding a postsynaptic endosome.


perforant pathway to dendrate granule cell synapse

A neuron to neuron synapse of a pyramidal neuron in the entorhinal cortex onto a granule cell in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.


maintenance of alignment of postsynaptic density and presynaptic active zone

The process by which alignment between postsynaptic density and presynaptic active zone is maintained.


postsynaptic spectrin-associated cytoskeleton organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of spectrin-associated cytoskeleton and associated proteins in the postsynapse.


regulation of synaptic vesicle lumen acidification

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle lumen acidification.


U5U756_DANRE DmX-like protein 2 (trembl)


regulation of anterograde synaptic vesicle transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anterograde synaptic vesicle transport.


neurotransmitter biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell.


DCE1_HUMAN Glutamate decarboxylase 1 (sprot)

A glutamate decarboxylase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


calcium:monoatomic cation antiporter activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any calcium:cation antiporter activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration.


NAC1_CANLF Sodium/calcium exchanger 1 (sprot)


negative adaptation of signaling pathway

The negative regulation of a signal transduction pathway in response to a stimulus upon prolonged exposure to that stimulus.


mitotic cytokinetic process

Any cytokinetic process that is involved in mitotic cell cycle.


dauer larval development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dauer larva over time, through the facultative diapause of the dauer (enduring) larval stage, with specialized traits adapted for dispersal and long-term survival, with elevated stress resistance and without feeding.


egg-laying behavior

A reproductive behavior that results in the deposition of eggs (either fertilized or not) upon a surface or into a medium such as water.


nematode larval development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nematode larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Nematode larval development begins with the newly hatched first-stage larva (L1) and ends with the end of the last larval stage (for example the fourth larval stage (L4) in C. elegans). Each stage of nematode larval development is characterized by proliferation of specific cell lineages and an increase in body size without alteration of the basic body plan. Nematode larval stages are separated by molts in which each stage-specific exoskeleton, or cuticle, is shed and replaced anew.


positive regulation of development, heterochronic

Any process that modulates the consistent predetermined time point at which an integrated living unit or organism progresses from an initial condition to a later condition and increases the rate at which this time point is reached.


molting cycle, collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle

The periodic shedding of part or all of a collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle, which is then replaced by a new collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle. An example of this is found in the Nematode worm, Caenorhabditis elegans.


reproduction

The production of new individuals that contain some portion of genetic material inherited from one or more parent organisms.


regulation of nematode larval development, heterochronic

Any process that modulates the consistent predetermined time point at which a nematode larva progresses from an initial condition to a later condition and the rate at which this time point is reached.


positive regulation of vulval development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of development of the vulva. Vulval development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the egg-laying organ of female and hermaphrodite nematodes over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In nematodes, the vulva is formed from ventral epidermal cells during larval stages to give rise to a fully formed vulva in the adult.


regulation of vulval development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of development of the vulva. Vulval development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the egg-laying organ of female and hermaphrodite nematodes over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In nematodes, the vulva is formed from ventral epidermal cells during larval stages to give rise to a fully formed vulva in the adult.


nematode male tail tip morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the adult male tail tip is generated and organized. In some species of rhabitid nematodes, the male tail tip undergoes a morphological change such that the most posterior hypodermal cells in the tail (hyp8-11 in C. elegans) fuse and retract anteriorly, changing the shape of the tail from a pointed, tapered cone, or spike, to a rounded, blunt dome.


vulval development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the egg-laying organ of female and hermaphrodite nematodes over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In nematodes, the vulva is formed from ventral epidermal cells during larval stages to give rise to a fully formed vulva in the adult.


pseudopodium

A temporary protrusion or retractile process of a cell, associated with flowing movements of the protoplasm, and serving for locomotion and feeding.


primary sex determination

The sex determination process that results in the initial specification of sexual status of an individual organism.


fasciculation of sensory neuron axon

The collection of sensory neuron axons into a bundle of rods, known as a fascicle.


negative regulation of vasculogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vasculogenesis.


eye field cell fate commitment involved in camera-type eye formation

The commitment of neurectodermal cells to cells of the eye field and their capacity to differentiate into eye field cells. Eye field cells are neurectodermal cells that will form the optic placode.


Cajal body organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of Cajal bodies, nuclear bodies that appear ultrastructurally as a tangle of coiled, electron-dense threads roughly 0.5 micrometers in diameter and are enriched in ribonucleoproteins, and certain general RNA polymerase II transcription factors.


negative regulation of miRNA-mediated gene silencing

A process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of gene silencing by a microRNA (miRNA).


blood vessel endothelial cell fate specification

The process involved in the specification of identity of a blood vessel endothelial cell. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment. A blood vessel endothelial cell is an endothelial cell of the vascular tree, which includes blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.


heart rudiment development

The progression of the heart rudiment over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The heart rudiment is a cone-like structure that is formed when myocardial progenitor cells of the heart field fuse at the midline. The heart rudiment is the first structure of the heart tube.


segment polarity determination

Division of the 14 parasegments of the embryo into anterior and posterior compartments; exemplified by the actions of the segment polarity gene products.


cardiogenic plate morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the cardiogenic plate are generated and organized. The cardiogenic plate is the first recognizable structure derived from the heart field.


high-affinity inorganic phosphate:sodium symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: HPO42-(out) + Na+(out) = HPO42-(in) + Na+(in). In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation

The process in which a dendritic cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.


anterior lateral line neuromast development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anterior lateral line neuromast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neuromast is the sensory receptor of the anterior lateral line system and is composed of a population of sensory hair cells, and nonsensory supporting cells and mantle cells. Neuromast are located superficially on the epithelium or in lateral line canals.


serotonin receptor signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a serotonin receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


mitotic spindle midzone assembly

The cell cycle process in which the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components forms the spindle midzone.


regulation of chondrocyte hypertrophy

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte hypertrophy.


regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a cardiac muscle cell. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.


cell-cell recognition

Cell recognition between cells. May involve the formation of specialized cell junctions.


negative regulation of collateral sprouting of intact axon in response to injury

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of collateral sprouting of an intact axon as a result of injury to an axon.


optic vesicle morphogenesis

The developmental process pertaining to the formation and shaping of the optic vesicle. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the vesicle and ends when the vesicle has evaginated. The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup.


posterior chamber swim bladder

biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The posterior compartment of the swim bladder plays a key role in buoyancy control. It is connected to the anterior chamber via the dusctus communicans. Finney et al, 2006.


anterior chamber swim bladder

The anterior compartment of the swim bladder is thought to have acoustic resonance properties that play a key role in audition. It is connected to the posterior chamber via the dusctus communicans. Finney et al, 2006.


regulation of mesodermal cell fate specification

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm cell fate specification.


G protein-coupled enkephalin receptor activity

Combining with an enkephalin, and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein. A enkephalin is a pentapeptide (Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met or Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu) involved in regulating nociception in the body.


morphine receptor activity

Combining with morphine (17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5alpha-epoxymorphinan-3,6alpha-diol), and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein.


lateral line development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral line over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear and between the eye and ear.


neuromast primordium migration

The migration of a cluster of a relatively undifferentiated cell originating at specific cephalic placodes and depositing proneuromasts along a developing lateral line, from which the neuromasts will develop.


neurotrophin receptor activity

Combining with a neurotrophin, any of a family of growth factors that prevent apoptosis in neurons and promote nerve growth, and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.


clustering of voltage-gated calcium channels

The process in which voltage-gated calcium channels become localized together in high densities.


glucagon receptor binding

Binding to a glucagon receptor.


serine-pyruvate transaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + pyruvate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + L-alanine.


pyruvate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyruvate, 2-oxopropanoate.


chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, any glycoprotein whose glycosaminoglycan units are chondroitin sulfate. Chondroitin sulfates are a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues; the repeat units consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate.


DNA (6-4) photolyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4) photoproduct (in DNA) = 2 pyrimidine residues (in DNA). Catalyzes the reactivation of ultraviolet-irradiated DNA.


9,10 (9', 10')-carotenoid-cleaving dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the oxidative cleavage of carotenoids at the (9, 10) and/or (9', 10') double bond.


embryonic heart tube elongation

The developmental growth that results in the increase in length of the embryonic heart tube. The embryonic heart tube is an epithelial tube that will give rise to the mature heart.


cell-cell adhesion involved in mesendodermal cell migration

The attachment of mesendodermal cells to each other that contributes to the establishment of cell polarity that is part of the directed movement of the cells of the mesendoderm.


posterior lateral line neuromast hair cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a posterior lateral line neuromast hair cell. (N.B. This may be development of neuromast hair cell type or a set of cell of neuromast hair cell type. This will involve the change of a cell or set of cells from one cell identity to another). Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the neuromast and are located in a portion of the neuromast called the sensory strip. Each hair cell of the neuromast is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. There are approximately seven hair cells within each neuromast, with each hair cell innervated by afferent and efferent neurons.


rhombomere formation

The process that gives rise to the rhombomere. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates.


cellular response to methanol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methanol stimulus.


guanylate cyclase activator activity

Binds to and increases the activity of guanylate cyclase.


rhombomere 6 morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 6 is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order.


rhombomere 5 morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of rhombomere 5 are generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order.


posterior lateral line system development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the posterior lateral line system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The posterior lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes, situated behind the ear, that give rise to both the neuromasts and the posterior lateral line sensory nerves that innervate the neuromasts. The posterior lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians. The neuromasts are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project primarily to the hindbrain. The posterior mechanosensory lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance.


bile acid binding

Binding to a bile acid, a steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile.


physiological cardiac muscle hypertrophy

The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart muscle due to an increase in size of cardiac muscle cells without cell division. This process contributes to the developmental growth of the heart.


endosome to pigment granule transport

The directed movement of substances from endosomes to pigment granules.


pigment granule maturation

Steps required to form a membrane-bounded organelle into a pigment granule containing pigment. Maturation is a developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cell or structure to attain its fully functional state.


cleavage furrow formation

Generation of the cleavage furrow, a shallow groove in the cell surface near the old metaphase plate that marks the site of cytokinesis. This process includes the recruitment and localized activation of signals such as RhoA at the site of the future furrow to ensure that furrowing initiates at the correct site in the cell.


pronephros formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the pronephros. In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensable for larval life.


L27 domain binding

Binding to a L27 domain of a protein. L27 is composed of conserved negatively charged amino acids and a conserved aromatic amino acid. L27 domains can assemble proteins involved in signaling and establishment and maintenance of cell polarity into complexes by interacting in a heterodimeric manner.


negative regulation of muscle contraction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction.


alpha-adrenergic receptor activity

Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of alpha-adrenergic receptors.


regulation of homocysteine metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving homocysteine, the amino acid alpha-amino-gamma-mercaptobutanoic acid.


monoatomic cation homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of monoatomic cations within an organism or cell. Monatomic cations (also called simple cations) are cations consisting of exactly one atom.


insulin-like growth factor II binding

Binding to insulin-like growth factor II.


insulin-like growth factor I binding

Binding to insulin-like growth factor I.


glycoprotein transport

The directed movement of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


regulation of chemokine activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chemokine activity.


regulation of microglial cell activation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell activation.


cerebellar Purkinje cell layer structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells.


epicardium morphogenesis

The developmental process by which an epicardium is generated and organized.


interstitial cell of Cajal differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an interstitial cell of Cajal. An interstitial cell of Cajal is an intestinal neuroepithelial cell that serves as a pacemaker to trigger gut contraction.


cell proliferation in hindbrain ventricular zone

The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population in the hindbrain region that is adjacent to the ventricular cavity.


tRNA transcription

The synthesis of transfer RNA (tRNA) from a DNA template.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: taurine(out) + Na+(out) = taurine(in) + Na+(in).


histone octamer slider activity

A chromatin remodeler activity that slides core histone octamers along chromosomal DNA.


ubiquinone biosynthetic process via 3,4-dihydroxy-5-polyprenylbenzoate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ubiquinone, via the intermediates 3,4-dihydroxy-5-polyprenylbenzoate and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-5-polyprenylbenzoate.


regulation of apoptotic cell clearance

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic cell clearance.


pigment accumulation

The aggregation of coloring matter in a particular location in an organism, tissue or cell, occurring in response to some external stimulus.


cellular response to temperature stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a temperature stimulus.


negative regulation of muscle organ development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle development.


The multiplication or reproduction of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Oligodendrocyte progenitors give rise to oligodendrocytes, which form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system.


regulation of glial cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell proliferation.


negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin.


microcystin transport

The directed movement of a microcystin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


regulation of store-operated calcium channel activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of store-operated calcium channel activity.


karyomere membrane fusion

Process whereby karyomere membranes fuse during interphase to form a single lobed nucleus.


pronuclear fusion

The merging of two pronuclei in a fertilized egg to fuse and produce a single zygotic genome.


pronephric nephron tubule development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pronephric nephron tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephric nephron and connects the filtration unit (glomerulus or glomus) of the pronephros to the pronephric duct.


myosin filament organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a filament composed of myosin molecules.


neuromast hair cell differentiation involved in neuromast regeneration

Differentiation of new neuromast sensory hair cells to replace those lost or destroyed by injury.


establishment of endothelial blood-brain barrier

Establishment of the endothelial barrier between the blood and the brain. The endothelial cells in the brain capillaries are packed tightly together preventing the passage of most molecules from the blood into the brain. Only lipid soluble molecules or those that are actively transported can pass through the blood-brain barrier.


regulation of phospholipase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipase activity, the hydrolysis of a phospholipid.


negative regulation of oocyte development

Any process that decreases the rate or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


detoxification of mercury ion

Any process that reduce or remove the toxicity of mercuric ion. These include transport of mercury away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of mercury ion and/or reduction of mercury ion (Hg[II]) to metallic mercury (Hg[0]).


regulation of muscle organ development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle development.


arginine N-methyltransferase activity

Enables the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to an amino group of an arginine residue.


transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase activity

Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate.


lateral line system development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral line system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lateral line system is a network of sensory organs (neuromasts) and lateral line nerves located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated between the eye and ear.


cone photoresponse recovery

The processes required for a cone photoreceptor to recover, following light activation, so that it can respond to a subsequent light stimulus. Cone recovery requires the shutoff of active participants in the phototransduction cascade, including the visual pigment and downstream signal transducers.


optic vesicle formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the optic vesicle from the lateral wall of the forebrain. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the vesicle and ends when the vesicle has evaginated. The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup.


immune response-activating signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated by a ligand binding to its receptor that lead to the activation or perpetuation of an immune response.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + m(7)G(5')pppAm = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + m(7)G(5')pppm(6)Am.


ammonium homeostasis

Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ammonium.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + protein = UDP + 4-N-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-protein.


embryonic medial fin morphogenesis

The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the medial fin are generated and organized. Medial fins are unpaired fins of fish, usually located dorsomedially or ventromedially and primarily used for stability while swimming.


polymeric cytoskeletal fiber

A component of the cytoskeleton consisting of a homo or heteropolymeric fiber constructed from an indeterminate number of protein subunits.


ventriculo bulbo valve morphogenesis

The process in which the structure of the ventriculo bulbo valve is generated and organized.


regulation of myofibril size

Any process that modulates the size of myofibrils. A myofibril is the contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle. It is a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism.


regulation of cellular response to drug

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to drug.


corticotropin receptor activity

Combining with corticotropin to initiate a change in cell activity.


negative regulation of vasculature development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vasculature development.


formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: formaldehyde + H2O + NAD+ = formate + 2 H+ + NADH.


formaldehyde metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving formaldehyde (methanal, H2C=O), a colorless liquid or gas with a pungent odor, commonly used as a fixative or an antibacterial agent.


octanol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving octanol, the 8-carbon alcohol with the formula C8H17OH.


absorption of visible light

The reception of a (visible light) photon by a cell, visible light being defined as having a wavelength within the range 380-780 nm.


negative regulation of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration.


facial nerve formation

The process that gives rise to the facial nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. This sensory and motor nerve supplies the muscles of facial expression and the expression and taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The principal branches are the superficial opthalmic, buccal, palatine and hyomandibular. The main trunk synapses within pterygopalatine ganglion in the parotid gland and this ganglion then gives of nerve branches which supply the lacrimal gland and the mucous secreting glands of the nasal and oral cavities.


myelination of anterior lateral line nerve axons

The formation of compact myelin sheaths around the axons of the anterior lateral line nerve.


efferent axon development in posterior lateral line nerve

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an efferent axon in the posterior lateral line nerve over time from its formation to the mature structure. This process includes axonogenesis and pathfinding of the efferent axons in the posterior lateral line nerve.


afferent axon development in posterior lateral line nerve

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an afferent axon in the posterior lateral line nerve over time from its formation to the mature structure. This process includes axonogenesis and pathfinding of the afferent axons in the posterior lateral line nerve.


paraxial mesodermal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a paraxial mesoderm cell.


growth hormone activity

The action characteristic of growth hormone, a peptide hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitary or the placenta into the circulation, and binds to membrane receptors in target tissues to stimulate body growth.


regulation of muscle hypertrophy

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle hypertrophy.


spindle assembly involved in female meiosis II

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle during meiosis II of a meiotic cell cycle in females. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


germ cell nucleus

The nucleus of a germ cell, a reproductive cell in multicellular organisms.


specification of pronephric distal tubule identity

The process in which the distal tubule of the pronephric nephron acquires its identity.


regulation of cholesterol efflux

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholesterol efflux. Cholesterol efflux is the directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, out of a cell or organelle.


chemokine binding

Binding to a chemokine. Chemokines are a family of small chemotactic cytokines; their name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells. All chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an immune response to recruit cells of the immune system to a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling the migration of cells during normal processes of tissue maintenance or development. Chemokines are found in all vertebrates, some viruses and some bacteria.


non-myelinated axon ensheathment

The process in which a non-myelinating glial cell membrane closes around an axon.


ionocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of an ionocyte. Ionocytes are specialized epithelial cells that contribute to osmotic homeostasis.


S-adenosylmethionine cycle

A cyclic series of interconversions involving S-adenosylmethionine, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine, L-cysteine, and L-methionine. Couples utilization of the methyl group of SAM with recycling of the homocysteinyl group and regeneration of methionine.


cardiac muscle tissue growth involved in heart morphogenesis

The developmental growth of cardiac muscle tissue that contributes to the shaping of the heart.


cardiac chamber ballooning

The morphogenic growth in which the chambers of the heart expand in size, contributing to their shaping.


regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell differentiation.


neuropeptide binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently and stoichiometrically with neuropeptides, peptides with direct synaptic effects (peptide neurotransmitters) or indirect modulatory effects on the nervous system (peptide neuromodulators).


circadian sleep/wake cycle, wakefulness

The part of the circadian sleep/wake cycle where the organism is not asleep.


orexin receptor binding

Binding to an orexin receptor.


establishment or maintenance of microtubule cytoskeleton polarity

Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized microtubule-based cytoskeletal structures.


negative regulation of response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to endoplasmic reticulum stress.


P granule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of polar granules, cytoplasmic, non-membranous RNA/protein complex aggregates in the primordial germ cells of many higher eukaryotes.


Catalysis of the reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-glycoprotein = CMP + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-glycoprotein + H+.


testosterone 17-beta-dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + testosterone = NADPH + H+ + androst-4-ene-3,17-dione.


Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 2',3'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 3'-phosphate.


CDP-glycerol diphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: CDP-glycerol + H2O = sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + CMP + 2 H+.


AMPA selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to an AMPA-selective glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


commitment of multipotent stem cells to neuronal lineage in forebrain

The initial commitment of cells whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into some type of neuron in the forebrain.


regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage.


posterior lateral line neuromast mantle cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a posterior lateral line neuromast mantle cell. (N.B. This may be development of neuromast mantle cell type or a set of cells of neuromast mantle cell type. This will involve the change of a cell or set of cells from one cell identity to another). Mantle cells are non-sensory cells that surround the sensory strip, separating the neuromast from the epidermis. Mantle cells secrete the cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all of the hair cells are embedded.


phorbol ester receptor activity

Combining with a phorbol ester and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.


oculomotor nerve formation

The process that gives rise to the oculomotor nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle.


phagosome maturation

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the arrangement of constituent parts of a phagosome within a cell. Phagosome maturation begins with endocytosis and formation of the early phagosome and ends with the formation of the hybrid organelle, the phagolysosome.


regulation of podocyte apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular visceral epithelial cell apoptotic process.


negative regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation.


regulation of skeletal muscle cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell proliferation.


midbrain-hindbrain boundary initiation

The regionalization process that gives rise to the midbrain-hindbrain boundary. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate.


hepaticobiliary system process

An system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the hepaticobiliary system. The hepaticobiliary system is responsible for metabolic and catabolic processing of small molecules absorbed from the blood or gut, hormones and serum proteins, detoxification, storage of glycogen, triglycerides, metals and lipid soluble vitamins and excretion of bile. Included are the synthesis of albumin, blood coagulation factors, complement, and specific binding proteins.


gamma-glutamyl-peptidase activity

Catalysis of the cleavage of a gamma-linked glutamate bond.


regulation of late endosome to lysosome transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of late endosome to lysosome transport.


late stripe melanocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a late stripe melanocyte (LSM). In zebrafish, LSMs develop during the second phase (3-4 weeks of development) of the larva-to-adult transition (2-4 weeks of development).


Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule; dependent on the presence of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-galactose + a glucosylceramide = a lactosylceramide + uridine-5'-diphosphate. The glucosylceramide has sphinganine as the long chain base.


regulation of RIG-I signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the RIG-I signaling pathway.


G/U mismatch-specific uracil-DNA glycosylase activity

Hydrolyzes mismatched double-stranded DNA and polynucleotides, releasing free uracil and leaving an apyrimidinic (AP) site.


detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch

The series of events involved in the perception of touch in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


deoxyribonuclease I activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA to 5'-phosphodinucleotide and 5'-phosphooligonucleotide end products.


regulation of non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway.


mechanosensory lateral line system development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mechanosensory lateral line system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mechanosensory lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The neuromasts are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project primarily to the hindbrain. The mechanosensory lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance.


cytoskeletal rearrangement involved in phagocytosis, engulfment

The assembly, arrangement, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures that is involved in the internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis.


regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of inner ear receptor cell differentiation.


response to thyroid hormone

A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a thyroid hormone stimulus.


acyl binding

Binding to an acyl group, any group formally derived by removal of the hydroxyl group from the acid function of a carboxylic acid.


heterocyclic compound binding

Binding to heterocyclic compound.


voltage-gated calcium channel complex assembly

Cellular protein complex assembly that results in the formation of a voltage-gated calcium channel complex.


negative regulation of neural crest formation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of neural crest formation. Neural crest formation is the formation of the specialized region of ectoderm between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm. The neural crest gives rise to the neural crest cells that migrate away from this region as neural tube formation procedes.


response to vitamin B3

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B3 stimulus.


response to prostaglandin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin stimulus.


H3K27me3 modified histone binding

Binding to a histone H3 in which the lysine residue at position 27 has been modified by trimethylation.


negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).


negative regulation of type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of an interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway.


negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic B cell development.


regulation of excitatory synapse assembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of excitatory synapse assembly.


cytokinetic process

A cellular process that is involved in cytokinesis (the division of the cytoplasm of a cell and its separation into two daughter cells).


all-trans retinal binding

Binding to all-trans retinal, a compound that plays an important role in the visual process in most vertebrates. All-trans retinal (trans r., visual yellow) results from the bleaching of rhodopsin by light, in which the 11-cis form is converted to the all-trans form. Retinal is one of the forms of vitamin A.


cilium movement involved in otolith formation

The directed, self-propelled movement of cilia of inner ear epithelial cells, resulting the aggregation of otolith seed particles.


2-phenylethylamine receptor activity

Combining with the biogenic amine 2-phenylethylamine to initiate a change in cell activity.


polyamine binding

Binding to a polyamine, an organic compound containing two or more amino groups.


putrescine binding

Binding to putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane, the polyamine formed by decarboxylation of ornithine and the metabolic precursor of spermidine and spermine.


detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of smell

The series of events involved in the perception of smell in which an olfactory chemical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


soluble molecule recognition

The recognition of soluble molecules in the environment.


bulbus arteriosus formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the bulbus arteriosus from unspecified parts. The bulbus arteriosus is an elastic chamber of the heart.


Catalysis of the reaction: testosterone + donor-H2 + O2 = 6-beta-hydroxytestosterone + H2O.


regulation of transcription of nucleolar large rRNA by RNA polymerase I

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription of nuclear large rRNA mediated by RNA polymerase I.


nucleolar chromatin organization

Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of nucleolar chromatin.


midbrain-hindbrain boundary structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary structure. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-xylosyl-proteoglycan = UDP + alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-xylosyl-proteoglycan.


pronuclear migration

The directed movement of the male and female pronuclei towards each other prior to their fusion.


monoatomic anion homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of monoatomic anions within an organism or cell. Monatomic anions (also called simple anions) are anions consisting of exactly one atom.


negative regulation of nodal signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nodal signaling pathway.


regulation of synaptic transmission, glycinergic

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glycinergic synaptic transmission. Glycinergic synaptic transmission is the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glycine.


regulation of nervous system development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nervous system development, the origin and formation of nervous tissue.


vitamin A biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of the vitamin A compounds, retinol, retinal (retinaldehyde) and retinoic acid. Animals cannot synthesize vitamin A de novo, but form it through oxidative cleavage of carotenoids.


membrane raft distribution

The process that establishes the spatial arrangement of membrane rafts within a cellular membrane.


regulation of buoyancy

Any process that modulates an organism's tendency or ability to rise or float in a fluid medium such as water or air, often through the use of stored gases.


interleukin-4 binding

Binding to interleukin-4.


cardiac neuron development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac neuron over time, from its formation to the mature state.


eurydendroid cell differentiation

The process in which neuroblasts acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature eurydendroid cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a eurydendroid cell fate. A eurydendroid cell is an efferent neuron found in the cerebellar cortex of teleosts.


disaccharide binding

Binding to a disaccharide. Disaccharides are sugars composed of two monosaccharide units.


pore complex

A protein complex providing a discrete opening in a membrane that allows the passage of gases and/or liquids.


positive regulation of wound healing

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.


regulation of intestinal lipid absorption

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal lipid absorption.


regulation of metaphase plate congression

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of metaphase plate congression, the alignment of chromosomes at the metaphase plate, a plane halfway between the poles of the spindle.


leukocyte chemotaxis involved in immune response

The movement of an immune cell in response to an external stimulus a part of an immune response.


primary piRNA processing

The process involved in converting precursor piRNAs into non-overlapping, contiguous primary piRNAs (approximately 24-30-nt piRNAs with a preference for a 5' uridine (U) via the endonucleolytic activity of cytosolic PIWI. This may include pre-piRNA maturation of 3' ends by trimming and 2'-O-methylation.


tyrosine binding

Binding to 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.


monocarboxylic acid binding

Binding to a monocarboxylic acid, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (COOH) group or anion (COO-).


ATP-activated inward rectifier potassium channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an inwardly-rectifying voltage-gated channel, where the inward rectification is due to a voltage-dependent block of the channel pore by ATP. An inwardly rectifying current-voltage relation is one where at any given driving force the inward flow of K+ ions exceeds the outward flow for the opposite driving force.


ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex

A complex for the transport of metabolites into and out of the cell, typically comprised of four domains; two membrane-associated domains and two ATP-binding domains at the intracellular face of the membrane, that form a central pore through the plasma membrane. Each of the four core domains may be encoded as a separate polypeptide or the domains can be fused in any one of a number of ways into multidomain polypeptides. In Bacteria and Archaebacteria, ABC transporters also include substrate binding proteins to bind substrate external to the cytoplasm and deliver it to the transporter.


melanocyte proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of melanocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. A melanocyte is a pigment cell derived from the neural crest. It contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which give a brown to black appearance.


regulation of planar cell polarity pathway involved in axis elongation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of planar cell polarity pathway involved in axis elongation.


positive regulation of cortical granule exocytosis by positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cortical granule exocytosis by directing movement of calcium ions (Ca2+) into the cytosol.


detoxification of hydrogen peroxide

Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of hydrogen peroxide. These include transport of hydrogen peroxide away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration.


protein-disulfide reductase (NAD(P)) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: protein-dithiol + NAD(P)+ = protein-disulfide + NAD(P)H + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: benzo(a)pyrene + O2 = benzo(a)pyrene-cis-9,10-dihydrodiol.


benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzo(a)pyrene + O2 = benzo(a)pyrene-cis-7,8-dihydrodiol.


regulation of polarized epithelial cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of polarized epithelial cell differentiation.


epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of an epithelial cell that characterize the cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


atrial cardiac muscle cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an atrial cardiac muscle cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction. The atrium is the part of the heart that receives blood into the organ.


positive regulation of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation.


negative regulation of lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation.


regulation of ERAD pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ERAD pathway.


mRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation

Splicing of mRNA substrates via recognition of the folded RNA structure that brings the 5' and 3' splice sites into proximity and cleavage of the RNA at both the 3' and 5' splice sites by an endonucleolytic mechanism, followed by ligation of the exons.


calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity

Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a calcium-dependent cysteine-type endopeptidase, any enzyme that hydrolyzes peptide bonds in polypeptides by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile in a calcium-dependent manner.


tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphotyrosyl groups formed as covalent intermediates (in DNA backbone breakage) between a DNA topoisomerase and DNA.


negative regulation of hemopoiesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hemopoiesis.


regulation of cell projection size

A process that modulates the size of a cell projection.


UBC13-UEV1A complex

A heterodimeric ubiquitin conjugating enzyme complex that catalyzes assembly of K63-linked polyubiquitin chains and is involved in NF-kappaB activation. In humans at least, the complex comprises the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC13 and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme variant 1A (UEV1A).


rhodopsin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving rhodopsin, a brilliant purplish-red, light-sensitive visual pigment found in the rod cells of the retinas.


type 2 neuropeptide Y receptor binding

Binding to a type 2 neuropeptide Y receptor.


type 4 neuropeptide Y receptor binding

Binding to a type 4 neuropeptide Y receptor.


serotonin transport

The directed movement of serotonin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems.


manganese ion homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of manganese ions within an organism or cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: cytolipin-H + CMP-N-acetylneuraminate = alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosylceramide + CMP. Alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosylceramide is also known as GM3.


opioid receptor binding

Binding to an opioid receptor.


maintenance of animal organ identity

The process in which the identity of an animal organ is maintained. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


IgM immunoglobulin complex

A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgM isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and in its circulating form complexed with J chain in polymeric forms. An IgM immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


thrombin-activated receptor activity

A G protein-coupled receptor activity that is activated by cleavage by thrombin, which exposes a tethered ligand corresponding to the new N-terminus, which binds to the receptor and activates it.


tubulin-glycine ligase activity

Catalysis of the posttranslational transfer of one or more glycine residues to a specific glutamate residue on a target tubulin molecule; acts on alpha or beta tubulin.


induction of host canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction

A process that initiates, promotes, or enhances a canonical NF-kappaB-mediated signaling cascade. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


protein palmitoleylation

The covalent attachment of a palmitoleyl group to a protein.


regulation of compound eye pigmentation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in the compound eye.


tachykinin receptor activity

Combining with a tachykinin neuropeptide and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein.


negative regulation of lens fiber cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lens fiber cell differentiation.


Binding to 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS), a naturally occurring mixed anhydride. It is an intermediate in the formation of a variety of sulfo compounds in biological systems.


hindbrain formation

The process that gives rise to the hindbrain. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The hindbrain is the region consisting of the medulla, pons and cerebellum. Areas of the hindbrain control motor and autonomic functions.


regulation of extracellular matrix constituent secretion

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the controlled release of molecules that form the extracellular matrix, including carbohydrates and glycoproteins by a cell or a group of cells.


heparan sulfate sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + heparan sulfate = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + sulfated heparan sulfate.


central nervous system maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the central nervous system to attain its fully functional state. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain and spinal cord. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord.


anal fin morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the anal fin are generated and organized. An anal fin is an unpaired medial fin on the ventral aspect near the caudal end of a fish, which provides lateral stability while swimming.


pteridine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pteridine, pyrazino(2,3-dipyrimidine), the parent structure of pterins and the pteroyl group.


developmental process

A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition.


regulation of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation.


NAD binding

Binding to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH.


galactosylceramide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of galactose by a ceramide group.


melatonin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine).


regulation of endodermal cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endodermal cell differentiation.


regulation of neuroinflammatory response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuroinflammatory response.


negative regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of luteinizing hormone.


retinal binding

Binding to retinal, one of the forms of vitamin A. Retinal plays an important role in the visual process in most vertebrates, combining with opsins to form visual pigments in the retina.


growth hormone-releasing hormone activity

The action characteristic of growth hormone-releasing hormone, any of a family of peptide hormones that act on the anterior pituitary to stimulate the secretion of growth hormone and exert a trophic effect on the gland.


regulation of response to food

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to a food stimulus.


endocardial cell development

The progression of an endocardial cell over time, from its formation to the mature cell. An endocardial cell is a specialized endothelial cell that makes up the endocardium portion of the heart.


regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart valve morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cell proliferation that contributes to the shaping of a heart valve.


anterior lateral line neuromast hair cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an anterior lateral line neuromast hair cell. Neuromast hair cells are the sensory receptors of the neuromast and are located in a portion of the neuromast called the sensory strip. Each hair cell of the neuromast is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. There are approximately seven hair cells within each neuromast, with each hair cell innervated by afferent and efferent neurons.


regulation of male mating behavior

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of male mating behavior.


detection of pheromone

The series of events in which a pheromone stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


CNBH domain intrinsic ligand binding

Interacting selectivity and noncovalently with a cyclic nucleotide mimicking protein motif that is part of the same protein. The CNBHD is a domain on KCNH channels that creates a binding pocket on the KCNH channel that resembles the cyclic nucleotide- binding domain on other ion channels. It binds to a peptide motif that is part of the same protein rather than a cyclic nucleotide.


negative regulation of plasminogen activation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of plasminogen activation. Plasminogen activation is the process in which plasminogen is processed to plasmin.


negative regulation of epiboly involved in gastrulation with mouth forming second

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epiboly involved in gastrulation with mouth forming second.


glucuronokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucuronate + ATP = 1-phospho-alpha-D-glucuronate + ADP + 2 H+.


ABC-type protein transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + protein(out) = ADP + phosphate + protein(in).


regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in heart development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in heart development.


regulation of transmission of nerve impulse

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation.


regulation of wound healing

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.


phagolysosome assembly involved in apoptotic cell clearance

The process in which a phagosome, a vesicle formed by phagocytosis, fuses with a lysosome as a part of apoptotic cell clearance.


negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity.


regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process.


vitelline envelope

A glycoprotein-based structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the egg before fertilization.


pancreatic A cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pancreatic A cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pancreatic A cell is a cell in the pancreas that secretes glucagon.


CD154 receptor binding

Binding to CD154, a receptor found on the surface of some activated lymphocytes.


serine O-acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on the serine molecule.


peptidyl-serine octanoylation

The octanoylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O3-octanoyl-L-serine, typical of the protein ghrelin.


frontonasal suture morphogenesis

The process in which the frontonasal suture, between frontal and nasal bones, is generated and organized.


regulation of lymphocyte proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte proliferation.


asynchronous neurotransmitter secretion

Release of neurotransmitter at the synapse that persists for tens to hundreds of milliseconds after action potential invasion.


germ-line stem cell division

The self-renewing division of a germline stem cell to produce a daughter stem cell and a daughter germ cell, which will divide to form the gametes.


response to vitamin D

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin D stimulus.


amino-acid betaine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of betaine from one side of a membrane to the other. Betaine is the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.


motilin receptor binding

Binding to a motilin receptor.


CBM complex

A protein complex comprising Bcl10, MALT1 and a CARD domain-containing protein (CARD9, CARD10 or CARD11); plays a role in signal transduction during NF-kappaB activation.


response to cobalt ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cobalt ion stimulus.


response to manganese ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a manganese ion stimulus.


regulation of myoblast fusion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast fusion.


Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + H2O + NADP+ = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + CO2 + H+ + NADPH.


CD40 receptor binding

Binding to CD40, a receptor found on the surface of all B-lymphocytes.


DNA strand elongation

The DNA metabolic process in which an existing DNA strand is extended by activities including the addition of nucleotides to the 3' end of the strand.


DNA polymerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a nucleic acid template and a 3'hydroxyl group.


thymocyte migration

The movement of a thymocyte through distinct intrathymic niches (e.g. medulla, cortex), where it receives a unique set of developmental cues required for T-cell development.


negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process.


regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, wakefulness

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the wakeful phase of the circadian sleep/wake cycle. The wakeful phase is the part of the circadian sleep/wake cycle where the organism is not asleep.


open rectifier potassium channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an open rectifier voltage-gated channel. An open rectifier current-voltage relationship is one in which the direction of rectification depends on the external potassium ion concentration.