Grade 1 Colon Adenocarcinoma

A colon adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a malignant cellular infiltrate with more than 95% glandular formation.


Carcinoma of sigmoid colon

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A carcinoma that arises from the sigmoid colon.


Stage II Colorectal Cancer

Stage Group II is subdivided into IIA and IIB on the basis of whether the primary tumor is T3 or T4, respectively.  T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into the subserosa, or into non-peritonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues.  T4: Tumor directly invades other organs or structures, and/or perforates visceral peritoneum. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Colorectal Angiosarcoma

An angiosarcoma that arises from the colon or rectum.


Colorectal Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the colon or rectum and is characterized by the presence of a malignant glandular epithelial component and a malignant neuroendocrine component.  At least 30 percent of either component should be present for the diagnosis to be made.


Colorectal Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade, and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the colon or rectum.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells.


Metastatic Microsatellite Stable Colon Carcinoma

Microsatellite stable colon carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Stage IIIA Colon Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIA includes: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0). T1: Tumor invades submucosa. T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes. N1c: Tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis. N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Locally Advanced Colorectal Carcinoma

A colorectal carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Stage 0 Rectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ, intramucosal carcinoma (involvement of lamina propria with no extension through muscularis mucosae). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IV Colon Carcinoma

Stage IV includes: (Any T, Any N, M1).  M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Colorectal Sarcoma

A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the colon or rectum.  Representative examples include angiosarcoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma.


Microsatellite Stable Colon Carcinoma

Colon carcinoma characterized by the absence of microsatellite instability.


Stage II Colon Cancer

Stage II includes: IIA (T3, N0, M0); IIB (T4, N0, M0).  T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria or into non-peritonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues.  T4: Tumor directly invades other organs or structures, and/or perforates visceral peritoneum.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Stage IIIB Rectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph nodes measuring 0.2 mm or more), or any number of tumor deposits are present and all identifiable lymph nodes are negative. N1c: No regional lymph nodes are positive, but there are tumor deposits in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic, or perirectal/mesorectal tissues. N2a: Four to six regional lymph nodes are positive. N2b: Seven or more regional lymph nodes are positive. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Metastatic Carcinoma in the Rectum

A carcinoma that has spread to the rectum from another anatomic site.


Refractory Rectal Adenocarcinoma

Rectal adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Colon Hodgkin Lymphoma

An extranodal Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the colon.


Stage II Colorectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage II includes: IIA (T3, N0, M0); IIB (T4a, N0, M0); IIC (T4b, N0, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues.  T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum.  T4b: Tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IIIC Rectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIC includes: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph nodes measuring 0.2 mm or more), or any number of tumor deposits are present and all identifiable lymph nodes are negative. N2: Four or more regional lymph nodes are positive. N2a: Four to six regional lymph nodes are positive. N2b: Seven or more regional lymph nodes are positive. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

A colorectal adenocarcinoma that develops in patients with a history of inflammatory bowel disease.


Colon Cancer by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of colon carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


Stage III Colon Cancer

Stage III includes: IIIA (T1-T2, N1, M0); IIIB (T3-T4, N1, M0); IIIC (Any T, N2, M0). N1: Metastasis in 1 to 3 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 4 or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Rectal Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of rectal cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to adenocarcinomas, high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas of the rectum. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Ulcerative Colitis-Associated Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

A colorectal adenocarcinoma that develops in patients with a history of ulcerative colitis.  Such carcinomas are usually multiple and flat.  Histologically, they are usually mucinous or signet-ring cell type.


Grade 2 Rectal Adenocarcinoma

A rectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a malignant cellular infiltrate with 50-95% glandular formation.


malignant neoplasm of large intestine stage IV

Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, Any N, M1a); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1b).  M1a: Metastasis confined to one organ or site (e.g., liver, lung, ovary, nonregional node).  M1b: Metastases in more than one organ/site or the peritoneum. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Hypermutated Colorectal Carcinoma

A colorectal carcinoma characterized by a high mutational rate caused by DNA mismatch repair deficiency or POLE/POLD1 driver mutations.


Stage IIIA Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph nodes measuring 0.2 mm or more), or any number of tumor deposits are present and all identifiable lymph nodes are negative. N1c: No regional lymph nodes are positive, but there are tumor deposits in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic, or perirectal/mesorectal tissues. N2a: Four to six regional lymph nodes are positive. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IIA Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Metastatic Colorectal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

Colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma that has spread from the original site of growth to other anatomic sites.


Stage I Rectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVA Colon Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IVA includes: Any T, Any N, M1a. M1a: Metastasis confined to one organ or site (e.g., liver, lung, ovary, nonregional node). (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IIC Rectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Colorectal Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the colon or rectum.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells.


Colon Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the colon. It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells.


Stage I Rectal Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0).  T1: Tumor invades submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Colorectal Hodgkin Lymphoma

An extranodal Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the colon or rectum.


Stage II Rectosigmoid Cancer AJCC v6

Stage II includes IIA (T3, N0, M0) and IIB (T4, N0, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into the subserosa, or into nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues. T4: Tumor directly invades other organs or structures, and/or perforates the visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Grade 1 Rectal Adenocarcinoma

A rectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a malignant cellular infiltrate with more than 95% glandular formation.


Recurrent Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of colorectal adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Colorectal Carcinoma Metastatic in the Liver

A carcinoma that originates from the colorectal area and has spread to the liver.


Rectosigmoid Cancer by AJCC v6 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of rectosigmoid carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


Unresectable Colorectal Carcinoma

A colorectal carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage IV Colorectal Cancer

Stage IV includes: Any T, any N, M1.  M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Stage III Colorectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage III includes: IIIA (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0); IIIB (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0); IIIC (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0).  T1: Tumor invades submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria.  T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues.  T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum.  T4b: Tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes.  N1c: Tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis. N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes.  N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes.  N2b: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IIIC Colon Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIC includes: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum. T4b: Tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes. N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes. N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes. N2b: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Colon Cribriform Comedo-Type Adenocarcinoma

A rare, invasive colon adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cribriform glands with central necrotic changes.


Rectosigmoid Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma

An infiltrating adenocarcinoma arising from the rectosigmoid area.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells with prominent intracytoplasmic mucin.  These cells constitute more than 50% of the malignant cellular population.


Stage IIIB Rectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIB includes: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0). T1: Tumor invades submucosa. T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes. N1c: Tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis. N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes. N2b: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IIA Rectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Refractory Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Carcinoma

Microsatellite stable colorectal carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Stage IIB Colon Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIB includes: T4a, N0, M0. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Colon Micropapillary Adenocarcinoma

A rare, invasive colon adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of clusters of malignant glandular cells within stromal spaces.


Stage IV Rectosigmoid Cancer AJCC v6

Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Adenocarcinoma of colon recurrent

The reemergence of colon adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Crohn Disease-Associated Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

A colorectal adenocarcinoma that develops in patients with a history of Crohn disease.


Adenocarcinoma of colon metastatic

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the colon and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Stage IIB Colorectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIB includes: T4a, N0, M0.  T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Rectal Micropapillary Adenocarcinoma

A rare, invasive rectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of clusters of malignant glandular cells within stromal spaces.


Locally Advanced Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Carcinoma

A microsatellite stable colorectal carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Rectal Serrated Adenocarcinoma

A rare, invasive rectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a malignant infiltrate with serrated glandular architecture.


Advanced Rectal Carcinoma

Rectal carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Unresectable Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

Colorectal adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage IIA Rectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Colorectal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

An invasive colorectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of extracellular mucin pools that contain malignant glandular epithelial structures.  The extracellular mucin pools occupy more than 50% of the malignant lesion.


Colorectal Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of colorectal cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to adenocarcinomas, high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas, and squamous cell carcinomas of the colon and rectum. Appendiceal carcinomas, anal carcinomas, and well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (carcinoids) are not covered by this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IIIB Colorectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIB includes: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0). T1: Tumor invades submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria.  T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues.  T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum.  N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes.  N1c: Tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis.  N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes.  N2b: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IIA Colon Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Colorectal Sarcomatoid Carcinoma

A biphasic colorectal carcinoma with a spindle cell, sarcomatoid component.


Stage IIB Rectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIB includes: T4a, N0, M0. T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Colorectal Cancer by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of colorectal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to large intestine

The spread of a malignant neoplasm to the large intestine.  This may be from a primary large intestine malignant neoplasm, or from a malignant neoplasm at a distant site.


Refractory Rectal Carcinoma

Rectal carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Colorectal Undifferentiated Carcinoma

An invasive malignant epithelial tumor that arises from the colon or rectum.  There is no morphologic, immunophenotypic, or molecular biological evidence of glandular or squamous differentiation.


Colon cancer recurrent

The reemergence of colon carcinoma after a period of remission.


Metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

Colorectal adenocarcinoma that has spread from the original site of growth to other anatomic sites.


Stage IV Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, Any N, M1a); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1b); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1c). M1a: Metastasis to one site or organ without peritoneal metastasis. M1b: Metastasis to two or more sites or organs without peritoneal metastasis. M1c: Metastasis to the peritoneal surface alone or with other site or organ metastases. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Refractory Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

Colorectal adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Stage IIIC Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIC includes: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph nodes measuring 0.2 mm or more), or any number of tumor deposits are present and all identifiable lymph nodes are negative. N2: Four or more regional lymph nodes are positive. N2a: Four to six regional lymph nodes are positive. N2b: Seven or more regional lymph nodes are positive. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Anaplastic Carcinoma of the Rectum

An invasive malignant epithelial tumor that arises from the rectum.  There is no morphologic, immunophenotypic, or molecular biological evidence of glandular or squamous differentiation.


Stage II Rectal Cancer

Stage II includes IIA (T3, N0, M0) and IIB (T4, N0, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into the subserosa, or into nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues. T4: Tumor directly invades other organs or structures, and/or perforates the visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Stage IIIA Rectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIA includes: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0). T1: Tumor invades submucosa. T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes. N1c: Tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis. N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IVA Colon Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: Any T, Any N, M1a. M1a: Metastasis to one site or organ without peritoneal metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Locally Advanced Rectal Carcinoma

Rectal carcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Colon Carcinoma Metastatic in the Liver

A carcinoma that originates from the colonic wall and has spread to the liver.


Stage IIA Colorectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage III Rectosigmoid Cancer AJCC v7

Stage III includes: IIIA (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0); IIIB (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0); IIIC (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0).  T1: Tumor invades submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria.  T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues.  T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum.  T4b: Tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes.  N1c: Tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis. N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes.  N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes.  N2b: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage III Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0); IIIB: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0); IIIC: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph nodes measuring 0.2 mm or more), or any number of tumor deposits are present and all identifiable lymph nodes are negative. N1c: No regional lymph nodes are positive, but there are tumor deposits in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic, or perirectal/mesorectal tissues. N2: Four or more regional lymph nodes are positive. N2a: Four to six regional lymph nodes are positive. N2b: Seven or more regional lymph nodes are positive. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Rectal Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade, and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the rectum.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells.


Stage 0 Colorectal Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0.  Tis: Carcinoma in situ: intraepithelial or invasion of the lamina propria.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Grade 3 Rectal Adenocarcinoma

A rectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a malignant cellular infiltrate with less than 50% glandular formation.


Microsatellite Stable Rectal Carcinoma

Rectal carcinoma characterized by the absence of microsatellite instability.


Stage I Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage III Rectal Cancer AJCC v6

Stage III includes: IIIA (T1-T2, N0, M0); IIIB (T3-T4, N1, M0); IIIC (Any T, N2, M0).  N1: Metastasis in 1 to 3 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 4 or more regional lymph nodes. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Oligometastatic Colorectal Carcinoma

Colorectal carcinoma that has metastasized to a limited number of sites.


Locally Advanced Microsatellite Stable Colon Carcinoma

Microsatellite stable colon carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Stage I Colon Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0).  T1: Tumor invades submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Stage IVC Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1c. M1c: Metastasis to the peritoneal surface alone or with other site or organ metastases. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Colorectal Adenoma-Like Adenocarcinoma

A well differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma with good prognosis. It resembles a villous adenoma on the surface.


Stage I Rectosigmoid Cancer AJCC v6 and v7


Stage IV Colon Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, Any N, M1a); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1b); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1c). M1a: Metastasis to one site or organ without peritoneal metastasis. M1b: Metastasis to two or more sites or organs without peritoneal metastasis. M1c: Metastasis to the peritoneal surface alone or with other site or organ metastases. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Colorectal cancer recurrent

The reemergence of colorectal carcinoma after a period of remission.


Stage IIIB Colon Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIB includes: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0). T1: Tumor invades submucosa. T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes. N1c: Tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis. N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes. N2b: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage III Colon Cancer AJCC v7

Stage III includes: IIIA (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0); IIIB (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0); IIIC (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0).  T1: Tumor invades submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria.  T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues.  T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum.  T4b: Tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes.  N1c: Tumor deposit(s) in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic or perirectal tissues without regional lymph node metastasis. N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes.  N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes.  N2b: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IIIC Colorectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIC includes: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0).  T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues.  T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum.  T4b: Tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures. N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes.  N2a: Metastasis in 4-6 regional lymph nodes.  N2b: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IVA Rectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IVA includes: Any T, Any N, M1a. M1a: Metastasis confined to one organ or site (e.g., liver, lung, ovary, nonregional node). (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IIC Rectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


A rare, invasive colorectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of clusters of malignant glandular cells within stromal spaces.


Secondary malignant neoplasm of rectum

The spread of a malignant neoplasm to the rectum.  This may be from a primary large intestine malignant neoplasm, or from a malignant neoplasm at a distant site.


Stage IIB Colon Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIB includes: T4a, N0, M0. T4a: Tumor penetrates to the surface of the visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Rectosigmoid Adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma arising from the rectosigmoid area.  It is more frequently seen in populations with a Western type diet and in patients with a history of chronic inflammatory bowel disease.  Signs and symptoms include intestinal bleeding, anemia, and change in bowel habits.  According to the degree of cellular differentiation, rectosigmoid adenocarcinomas are divided into well, moderately, and poorly differentiated.  Histologic variants include mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, serrated adenocarcinoma, cribriform comedo-type adenocarcinoma, and micropapillary adenocarcinoma.


Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the colon or rectum and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Stage IV Rectal Cancer AJCC v6

Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Advanced Colon Carcinoma

Colon carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Stage III Rectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1-T2, N1/N1c, M0); (T1, N2a, M0); IIIB: (T3-T4a, N1/N1c, M0); (T2-T3, N2a, M0); (T1-T2, N2b, M0); IIIC: (T4a, N2a, M0); (T3-T4a, N2b, M0); (T4b, N1-N2, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into pericolorectal tissues. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph nodes measuring 0.2 mm or more), or any number of tumor deposits are present and all identifiable lymph nodes are negative. N1c: No regional lymph nodes are positive, but there are tumor deposits in the subserosa, mesentery, or nonperitonealized pericolic, or perirectal/mesorectal tissues. N2: Four or more regional lymph nodes are positive. N2a: Four to six regional lymph nodes are positive. N2b: Seven or more regional lymph nodes are positive. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Colon Cancer by AJCC v6 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of colon carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


Rectal Cribriform Comedo-Type Adenocarcinoma

A rare, invasive rectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cribriform glands with central necrotic changes.


Stage IV Rectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, Any N, M1a); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1b); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1c). M1a: Metastasis to one site or organ without peritoneal metastasis. M1b: Metastasis to two or more sites or organs without peritoneal metastasis. M1c: Metastasis to the peritoneal surface alone or with other site or organ metastases. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Refractory Rectal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Rectal squamous cell carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Grade 3 Colorectal Adenocarcinoma

A colorectal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a malignant cellular infiltrate with less than 50% glandular formation.


Metastatic Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Carcinoma

A microsatellite stable carcinoma that arises from the colon or rectum and has metastasized to other anatomic sites.


Stage 0 Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ, intramucosal carcinoma (involvement of lamina propria with no extension through muscularis mucosae). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IIC Colorectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor directly invades or is adherent to other organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Locally Advanced Colon Carcinoma

Colon carcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Stage IVA Colorectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: Any T, Any N, M1a. M1a: Metastasis to one site or organ without peritoneal metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IV Rectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, Any N, M1a); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1b).  M1a: Metastasis confined to one organ or site (e.g., liver, lung, ovary, nonregional node).  M1b: Metastases in more than one organ/site or the peritoneum. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Rectal Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A rare, aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the rectum. It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells.


Colorectal Poorly Cohesive Adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the colorectal mucosa and is characterized by the presence of isolated malignant cells or malignant cells that form small aggregates.


Rectal Epithelioid Cell Melanoma

An epithelioid cell melanoma arising from the rectum.


Stage IVB Rectal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b. M1b: Metastases in more than one organ/site or the peritoneum. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Undifferentiated Carcinoma of Colon

An invasive malignant epithelial tumor that arises from the colon.  There is no morphologic, immunophenotypic, or molecular biological evidence of glandular or squamous differentiation.


Advanced Microsatellite Stable Colorectal Carcinoma

A microsatellite stable carcinoma that arises from the colon or rectum and has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Stage IIB Rectal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIB includes: T4a, N0, M0. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum (including gross perforation of the bowel through tumor and continuous invasion of tumor through areas of inflammation to the surface of the visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Basic blue 26

An iminium salt composed of 4-{(4-anilinonaphthalen-1-yl)[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene}-N,N-dimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-iminium and chloride ions in a 1:1 ratio. It binds to nucleic acids and can be used in standardised staining techniques suitable for automated cell-pattern recognition.


oxathiolane

Any five-membered oxacycle that also contains a sulfur atom.


BRL 15572 hydrochloride

A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of 3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenylpropan-2-ol. A selective h5-HT1D antagonist, displaying 60-fold selectivity over h5-HT1B, and exhibiting little or no affinity for a range of other receptor types.


An ergostanoid that is (22E)-ergosta-7,22-diene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 and an epoxy group across positions 5 and 6 (the 3beta,5alpha,6alpha,7alpha stereoisomer). It has been isolated from Aspergillus ochraceus as well as Penicillium commune.


A steroid glucosiduronic acid that is 17alpha-estradiol in which the hydroxy hydrogen at position 17 has been replaced by a beta-D-glucuronyl residue.


Salsolinol

A 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol that has S-configuration.


Cardenolide

A steroid lactone that is a C23 steroid with methyl groups at C-10 and C-13 and a butenolide ring at C-17.


Oleandrin

A steroid saponin that consists of oleandrigenin having a 2,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl residue attached to the oxygen function at position 3.


Elaeodendroside V

A cardenolide glycoside that is sarmentologenin glycosylated at position 3 by a beta-allosyl-(1->4)-beta-6-deoxyallosyl moiety. Isolated from Elaeodendron alluaudianum, it exhibits antiproliferative activity against human ovarian cancer and human histiocytic lymphoma cell lines.


cardenolide glycoside

Any member of the class of cardenolides with glycosyl residues attached to position 3.


Tanghinigenin

A member of the class of  cardenolides that is 7,8-epoxycard-20(22)-enolide substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 14 (the 3beta,5beta,7beta stereoisomer).


Sarmentogenin

A member of the class of cardenolides that is 5beta-card-20(22)-enolide which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 11alpha, and 14beta positions.


A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is ecdysone in which the hydroxy group at position 25 is replaced by a hydrogen.


A cholestanoid that is cholestanol which is substituted by a hydroxy group at position 26 and has R-configuration at position 25.


3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid

A 4-carbon, branched hydroxy fatty acid and intermediate in the metabolism of valine.


The 5alpha-stereoisomer of  4,5-dihydrocortisone.


N-acylserotonin

A fatty amide resulting from the condensation of the carboxy group of a fatty acid with the primary amino group of serotonin.


An androstanoid with a 5beta-configuration formed by reduction across the C4-C5 double bond of epitestosterone.


hydroxyindoles

Any member of the class of  indoles carrying at least one hydroxy group.


dihydroxyindole

Any member of the class of  hydroxyindoles carrying two hydroxy groups.


VIOLACEIN

A member of the class of hydroxyindoles resulting from the formal oxidative coupling between the 3-position of 1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one and the 3-position of 1,3-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one, which is substituted at the 5 position by a 5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl group, where the newly-formed double bond has E configuration. It is a purple chromobacterial pigment that has antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoan, and anticancer properties.


Deoxyviolaceinic acid

A pyrrolecarboxylic acid that is pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid which is substituted at position 3 by a 3-hydroxyindol-3-yl group at at position 5 by an indol-3-yl group.


Violaceinic acid

A pyrrolecarboxylic acid that is pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid which is substituted at position 3 by a 3-hydroxyindol-3-yl group at at position 5 by a 5-hydroxyindol-3-yl group.


Proviolacein

A hydroxyindole that is 2H-pyrrol-2-one which is substituted at positions 3 and 5 by 1H-indol-3-yl and 5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl groups, respectively. It is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of the purple chromobacterial pigment violacein from L-tryptophan.


Protoviolaceinic acid

A pyrrolecarboxylic acid that is pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid which is substituted at position 3 by a 1H-indol-3-yl group at at position 5 by a 5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl group.


Withalongolide H

A  withanolide saponin that consists of withaferin A attached to a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from the aerial parts of Physalis longifolia, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.


A rhodamine 6G compound having a carboxy substituent in the 6-position.


A steroid saponin isolated from Ornithogalum thyrsoides and has been shown to exhibit cytotoxic activity.


mitomycin

A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.


onium betaine

Neutral molecules having charge-separated forms with an onium atom which bears no hydrogen atoms and that is not adjacent to the anionic atom.


Acetylcarnitine

An O-acylcarnitine having acetyl as the acyl substituent.


saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine

An O-acylcarnitine in which the R is a saturated fatty acyl chain.


O-valeroylcarnitine

A C5-acylcarnitine in which the acyl group specified is valeroyl.


octenoyl-L-carnitine

An O-acyl-L-carnitine that is L-carnitine having a octenoyl group as the acyl substituent in which the position of the double bond is unspecified.


O-nonanoyl-L-carnitine

The L-enantiomer of  O-nonanoylcarnitine.


Thiamine pyrophosphate

An ammonium betaine that is the conjugate base of thiamine(1+) diphosphate arising from the deprotonation of one of the hydroxy groups of the terminal phosphate group.


Any O-acylcarnitine in which the acyl group contains a total of 5 carbon atoms.


O-pimelylcarnitine

An O-acylcarnitine in which the acyl group specified is pimelyl.


O-octadecadienoyl-L-carnitine

An O-acyl-L-carnitine that is L-carnitine having a octadecadienoyl group as the acyl substituent in which the positions of the two double bonds are unspecified.


O-acylcarnitine

Any carboxylic ester obtained by the O-acylation of carnitine.


polyunsaturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine

Any fatty acyl-L-carnitine where the fatty acid has 2 or more unsaturations. Major species at pH 7.3


Thiaminium carboxylate betaine

An ammonium betaine that is the conjugate base of thiamine(1+) carboxylic acid arising from the deprotonation of the carboxy group.


amino-acid betaine

Any amino acid-derived zwitterion - such as glycine betaine (N,N,N-trimethylammonioacetate) - in which the ammonium nitrogen carries methyl substituents and bears no hydrogen atoms.


fatty acyl-L-carnitine

Any O-acylcarnitine in which the carnitine component has L-configuration and the acyl group is a fatty acid.


Carnitine

An amino-acid betaine that is butanoate substituted with a hydroxy group at position C-3 and a trimethylammonium group at C-4.


Hexanoylcarnitine

An O-acylcarnitine compound having hexanoyl as the acyl substituent.


methyl-branched fatty acyl-L-carnitine

An O-acylcarnitine in which the R group is a methyl-branched fatty acyl chain.


monounsaturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine

An O-acylcarnitine in which the R is a monounsaturated fatty acyl chain.


O-dodecanoylcarnitine

An O-acylcarnitine having dodecanoyl as the acyl substituent.


Decanoylcarnitine

An O-acylcarnitine compound having decanoyl as the acyl substituent.


O-decenoylcarnitine

An O-acylcarnitine in which the acyl group is specified as decenoyl (position of double bond not specified).


Thiamine triphosphorate

An ammonium betaine that is the conjugate base of thiamine(1+) triphosphate arising from the deptoronation of one of the hydroxy groups of the terminal phosphate group.


An optically active form of O-2-methylbutyrylcarnitine having (R)-configuration.


O-hexadecenoylcarnitine

An  O-acylcarnitine having a hexadecenoyl group with an unspecified double bond as the acyl substituent.


Thiamine phosphoric acid ester

An ammonium betaine that is the conjugate base of thiamine(1+) monophosphate arising from the deprotonation of one of the phosphate hydroxy groups.


O-octadecadienoylcarnitine

An O-acylcarnitine in which the acyl group specified is octadecadienoyl.


O-acyl-L-carnitine

An O-acylcarnitine in which the carnitine component has L-configuration.


Octanoylcarnitine

An O-acylcarnitine having octanoyl as the acyl substituent.


Any O-acylcarnitine in which the acyl group contains a total of 4 carbon atoms.


An O-acylcarnitine having isobutyryl as the acyl substituent.


Tiglylcarnitine

An O-acylcarnitine compound having trans-2-methyl-2-butenoyl (tiglyl) as the acyl substituent.


Propionylcarnitine

An O-acylcarnitine compound having propanoyl as the acyl substituent.


ammonium betaine

Any neutral molecule having charge-separated forms with a quaternary ammonium atom which bears no hydrogen atoms and that is not adjacent to the anionic atom.


Myristoylcarnitine

An O-acylcarnitine having tetradecanoyl (myristoyl) as the acyl substituent.


Any O-acylcarnitine in which the acyl group contains a total of 9 carbon atoms.


O-Butanoylcarnitine

A C4-acylcarnitine  that is the O-butanoyl derivative of carnitine.


Isovaleryl-l-carnitine

An O-isovalerylcarnitine that is the 3-methylbutanoyl (isovaleryl) derivative of L-carnitine.


Palmitoylcarnitine

An O-acylcarnitine having palmitoyl (hexadecanoyl) as the acyl substituent.


B-Cell Malignant Neoplasm

A clonal lymphoproliferative disorder composed of neoplastic B-cells. It includes B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, B-cell leukemias, and plasma cell myeloma.


DS Stage IA Plasma Cell Myeloma

Durie/Salmon stage I plasma cell myeloma associated with a relatively normal renal function (serum creatinine concentration < 2.0 mg/dL).


Leptomeningeal myelomatosis

A central nervous system plasma cell myeloma involving the leptomeninges.


Plasma cell myeloma recurrent

The reemergence of plasma cell myeloma after a period of remission.


DS Stage IIIB Plasma Cell Myeloma

Durie/Salmon stage III plasma cell myeloma associated with abnormal renal function (serum creatinine concentration greater than or equal to 2.0 mg/dL).


Extramedullary Disease in Plasma Cell Myeloma Involving the Central Nervous System

Plasma cell myeloma involving the central nervous system. It manifests with single or multiple intraparenchymal lesions and/or leptomeningeal involvement. Patients present with diffuse cerebral dysfunction and nerve paralysis. The prognosis is poor.


Plasma Cell Myeloma Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

A lymphoproliferative disorder that develops following an organ transplantation and exhibits plasma cell myeloma features.


RISS Stage I Plasma Cell Myeloma

Serum beta-2-microglobulin less than 3.5 mg/L and serum albumin 3.5 g/dL or more and no high-risk cytogenetics and normal LDH. High risk cytogenetics consist of one or more of the following: del17p, t(4;14), or t(14;16). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


DS Stage IIB Plasma Cell Myeloma

Durie/Salmon stage II plasma cell myeloma associated with abnormal renal function (serum creatinine concentration greater than or equal to 2.0 mg/dL).


Extramedullary Disease in Plasma Cell Myeloma

Infiltration of organs and soft tissues by malignant (clonal) plasma cells in patients with history of plasma cell myeloma. Skin, liver, lymph nodes, pleura, and central nervous system are the most frequently affected sites.


DS Stage IIA Plasma Cell Myeloma

Durie/Salmon stage II plasma cell myeloma associated with a relatively normal renal function (serum creatinine concentration < 2.0 mg/dL).


Plasma cell myeloma refractory

Plasma cell myeloma that is resistant to treatment.


DS Stage II Plasma Cell Myeloma

Plasma cell myeloma that fits in neither stage I nor stage III.  Estimated myeloma cell mass: 0.6 to 1.2 trillion (1012)/m2 (intermediate burden).  The following subclassification of stages is used: a. Creatinine less than 2.0 mg/dL, b. Creatinine greater than or equal to 2.0 mg/dL.  Impaired renal function worsens prognosis regardless of stage.  Note that the newer International Staging System defines stage II quite differently: Beta-2-microglobulin less than 3.5 and albumin less than 3.5 or beta-2-microglobulin 3.5 to less than 5.5 (median survival of 44 months).  (PDQ)


Extramedullary Disease in Plasma Cell Myeloma Involving the Uterine Corpus

Infiltration of the uterine corpus by malignant (clonal) plasma cells in patients with history of plasma cell myeloma.


RISS Stage II Plasma Cell Myeloma

Not stage I or III. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Plasma Cell Myeloma by ISS Stage

A header term that refers to the staging of plasma cell myeloma according to the International Staging System.


Plasma Cell Myeloma by RISS Stage

A staging system for plasma cell myeloma based on the Revised International Staging System (RISS) criteria. This staging system does not apply to smoldering multiple myeloma (no AJCC staging system), monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (no AJCC staging system), and Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (no AJCC staging system). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


ISS Stage II Plasma Cell Myeloma

Plasma cell myeloma with blood levels of beta-2-microglobulin between 3.5 and 5.5 mg/L.


Extramedullary Disease in Plasma Cell Myeloma Involving the Skin

Infiltration of the skin by malignant (clonal) plasma cells in patients with history of plasma cell myeloma.


DS Stage III Plasma Cell Myeloma

Plasma cell myeloma with one or more of the following: 1. Hemoglobin less than 8.5 g/dL. 2. Serum calcium greater than 12.0 mg/dL. 3. More than three lytic bone lesions. 4. High M protein production as shown by: a. IgG greater than 7.0 g/dL. b. IgA greater than 5.0 g/dL. c. Urinary kappa or lamda greater than 12.0 g/24 hours. Estimated myeloma cell mass: greater than 1.2 trillion (1012)/m2 (high burden). The following subclassification of stages is used: a. Creatinine less than 2.0 mg/dL. b. Creatinine greater than or equal to 2.0 mg/dL. Serum beta-2-microglobulin has been shown to be a reliable marker for prognosis. Since the great majority of symptomatic myeloma patients are classified as stage III by the Durie/Salmon criteria, this staging system has not proven to be very useful for identifying the patients with intermediate and poor prognosis. Note that the newer International Staging System defines stage III quite differently: Beta-2-microglobulin greater than or equal to 5.5 (median survival of 29 months). (PDQ)


DS Stage I Plasma Cell Myeloma

Plasma cell myeloma with all of the following: 1. Hemoglobin greater than 10 g/Dl, 2. Normal serum calcium, 3. Normal bone structure, 4. Low monoclonal (or myeloma) protein (M protein) production as shown by: a. IgG less than 5.0 g/dL, b. IgA less than 3.0 g/dL, c. Urinary kappa or lamda less than 4 g/24 hours. Estimated myeloma cell mass: less than 0.6 trillion (1012)/m2 (low burden). The following subclassification of stages is used: a. Creatinine less than 2.0 mg/dL, b. Creatinine greater than or equal to 2.0 mg/dL. Impaired renal function worsens prognosis regardless of stage. Note that the newer International Staging System defines stage I quite differently: Beta-2-microglobulin less than 3.5 and albumin greater than or equal to 3.5 (median survival of 62 months). (PDQ)


DS Stage IIIA Plasma Cell Myeloma

Durie/Salmon stage III plasma cell myeloma associated with a relatively normal renal function (serum creatinine concentration < 2.0 mg/dL).


RISS Stage III Plasma Cell Myeloma

Serum beta-2-microglobulin 5.5 mg/L or more and high-risk cytogenetics and/or high LDH. High risk cytogenetics consist of one or more of the following: del17p, t(4;14), or t(14;16). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


ISS Stage III Plasma Cell Myeloma

Plasma cell myeloma with beta-2-microglobulin greater than or equal to 5.5 (median survival of 29 months).  Note that the older Durie/Salmon staging system defines stage III quite differently. (PDQ)


DS Stage IB Plasma Cell Myeloma

Durie/Salmon stage I plasma cell myeloma associated with abnormal renal function (serum creatinine concentration greater than or equal to 2.0 mg/dL).


Extramedullary Disease in Plasma Cell Myeloma Involving the Kidney

Infiltration of the kidney by malignant (clonal) plasma cells in patients with history of plasma cell myeloma.


ISS Stage I Plasma Cell Myeloma

Plasma cell myeloma with beta-2-microglobulin less than 3.5 and albumin greater than or equal to 3.5 (median survival of 62 months).  Note that the older Durie/Salmon staging system defines stage I quite differently. (PDQ)


Plasma Cell Myeloma by DS Stage

A header term that refers to the staging of plasma cell myeloma according to the Durie/Salmon staging system.


Victoria Blue R

An iminium salt composed of 4-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl][4-(ethylamino)naphthalen-1-yl]methylidene}-N,N-dimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-iminium and chloride ions in a 1:1 ratio.


Finding by Site or System

biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:ThingWithTaxon

A term that refers to the classification of a clinical or laboratory finding according to the anatomic site or system that is involved.


Melanocortin Pathway Defect

An abnormality in the biochemical pathway involving the melanocortins, a group of peptide hormones associated with anorexogenic signaling in the brain and hypothalamus.


Hormone Imbalance

An abnormal finding indicating that the level of a particular hormone is not within the expected normal values.


Congenital isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency due to mutation(s) in the TBX19 gene.


Adrenal Androgen Excess

Excessive secretion of the androgen hormones dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate, and androstenedione, from the adrenal gland. Clinical manifestations may include virilization.


Endocrine System Finding

Symptoms, physical examination results, and/or laboratory test results related to the endocrine system.


Acquired Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Deficiency

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency, the cause of which is not present at birth.


Ovarian Hyperandrogenism

Increased production of androgens by the ovaries.


Blood Pressure Finding

A test result that reports the diastolic and systolic pressure of the blood.


Cardiovascular System Finding

Symptoms, physical examination results, and/or laboratory test results related to the cardiovascular system.


Cocarboxylase

An organic chloride salt of thiamine(1+) diphosphate.


glucotriose

Any trisaccharide composed of 3 glucose moieties.


D-threonine

An optically active form of threonine having D-configuration.


An amido thiophene-2-carboxylic acid derivative used as an inhibitor of HCV (Hepatitis C Virus) RNA polymerase.


Diphenyleneiodonium chloride

An organic chloride salt having dibenziodolium as the counterion.


Metastatic Fibrolamellar Carcinoma

A fibrolamellar carcinoma that has spread from the liver to another anatomic site.


Metastatic Endometrial Adenosquamous Carcinoma

Endometrial adenosquamous carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Metastatic Cervical Adenosquamous Carcinoma

A cervical adenosquamous carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site.


Recurrent Cervical Adenosquamous Carcinoma

The reemergence of cervical adenosquamous carcinoma after a period of remission.


Recurrent Endometrial Adenosquamous Carcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial adenosquamous carcinoma after a period of remission.


biotins

Compounds containing a biotin (5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoic acid) skeleton.


A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.


GDP-L-fucose

A GDP-L-fucose in which the anomeric oxygen is on the same side of the fucose ring as the methyl substituent.


Cervical Squamotransitional Carcinoma

A human papillomavirus-related cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of papillary structures with fibrovascular cores. It is covered with multiple layers of atypical cells that resemble cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3.


Hydrocortisone phosphate

A steroid phosphate that is the 21-O-phospho derivative of cortisol.


Prednisolone phosphate

A synthetic glucocorticoid resulting from the formal condensation of the 21-hydroxy group of prednisolone with one of the hydroxy groups of phosphoric acid. It is a prodrug for prednisolone that is activated in vivo by phosphatases.


Betamethasone phosphate

A steroid phosphate that is the 21-O-phospho derivative of betamethasone.


Dexamethasone phosphate

A steroid phosphate that is the 21-O-phospho derivative of dexamethasone.


Recurrent Endometrial Undifferentiated Carcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial undifferentiated carcinoma after a period of remission.


Refractory Endometrial Undifferentiated Carcinoma

Endometrial undifferentiated carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Lurasidone hydrochloride

A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of lurasidone with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. An atypical antipsychotic agent used for the treatment of schizophrenia.


Phenosafranin

An organic chloride salt having 3,7-diamino-5-phenylphenazin-5-ium as the counterion. It is commonly used for staining Gram negative bacteria red in smears to contrast with the blue Gram positive organisms.


dipeptide

Any molecule that contains two amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages.


glutamyl-L-amino acid

A dipeptide in which one of the amino acid residues is glutamine.


Tyrosyltyrosine

Tyrosyltyrosine in which each tyrosine residue has L-configuration.


Any piperazinone that has a piperazine-2,5-dione skeleton.


inorganic peroxide

Compounds of structure ROOR' in which R and R' are inorganic groups.


trans-Stilbene

Any olefinic compound characterised by a 1,2-diphenylethylene backbone.


iminium ion

Cations of structure R2C=N(+)R2.


Stage IVA Uterine Corpus Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor invading bladder or rectum. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Uterine Corpus High Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma

A rare, high grade sarcoma that arises from the endometrial stroma. It is characterized by round cell morphology. It was previously also known as undifferentiated uterine sarcoma. In 2014, high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma was reclassified and is currently considered a distinct and rare neoplasm. It appears to have a prognosis that falls between low grade endometrial stromal sarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma.


Cervical Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor

A rare malignant neoplasm with nerve sheath differentiation arising from the cervix.


Stage I Uterine Corpus Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma AJCC v8

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IIIC Uterine Corpus Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIC includes: T1-3, N1, M0. T1: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus. T2: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor extending beyond the uterus, within the pelvis. T3: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Uterine Corpus Low Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma

A rare, indolent, invasive mesenchymal tumor that arises from the endometrial stroma. It is characterized by the presence of a plexiform vasculature, infrequent mitoses, and insignificant cytologic atypia. Late recurrences may occur.


Stage IIIA Uterine Corpus Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at one site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IVB Uterine Corpus Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: M1: Distant metastasis (excluding adnexa, pelvic, and abdominal tissues). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Uterine Corpus Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


Cervical Angiosarcoma

A highly aggressive malignant vascular neoplasm that arises from the cervix and shows endothelial cell differentiation.


Stage II Uterine Corpus Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor extending beyond the uterus, within the pelvis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Endocervical Undifferentiated Sarcoma

A high grade undifferentiated sarcoma that arises from the endocervix.


Stage IV Uterine Corpus Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: T4, Any N, M0; IVB: Any T, Any N, M1. T4: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor invading bladder or rectum. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis (excluding adnexa, pelvic, and abdominal tissues). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Malignant Cervical Soft Tissue Neoplasm

A rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the cervix.


AIDS-Related Cervical Kaposi Sarcoma

A Kaposi sarcoma arising from the cervix in patients who are infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.


Stage IA Uterine Corpus Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma AJCC v8

Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus, measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage III Uterine Corpus Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: T3a, N0, M0; IIIB: T3b, N0, M0; IIIC: T1-3, N1, M0. T1: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor limited to the uterus. T2: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor extending beyond the uterus, within the pelvis. T3: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues. T3a: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at one site. T3b: Uterine corpus endometrial stroma sarcoma with tumor infiltrating abdominal tissues at more than one site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Cervical Low Grade Endometrioid Stromal Sarcoma

A very rare sarcoma that arises from the cervix and is characterized by the presence of cells that resemble endometrial stromal cells.


An aldohexose used as a source of energy and metabolic intermediate.


alkane

An acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having the general formula CnH2n+2, and therefore consisting entirely of hydrogen atoms and saturated carbon atoms.


Octadecane

A straight-chain alkane carrying 18 carbon atoms.


long-chain alkane

Any alkane having a chain length of at least 13 carbon atoms.


Duloxetine hydrochloride

A duloxetine hydrochloride in which the duloxetine moiety has S configuration.


The anhydrous form of (S)-ropivacaine hydrochloride.


The (R)-enantiomer of bromazine.


straight-chain fatty acid

Any fatty acid whose skeletal carbon atoms form an unbranched open chain.


hydroxypalmitic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is palmitic (hexadecanoic) acid substituted with one hydroxy group.


linolenic acid

A two-membered subclass of octadecatrienoic acid comprising the (9Z,12Z,15Z)- and (6Z,9Z,12Z)-isomers. Linolenic acids are nutrients essential to the formation of prostaglandins and are also used in making paints and synthetic resins.


Vaccenic acid

An octadecenoic acid having a double bond at position 11; and which can occur in cis- or trans- configurations.


octadecadienoic acid

Any straight-chain, C18 polyunsaturated fatty acid having two C=C double bonds.


conjugated linoleic acid

An octadecadienoic acid having a system of two conjugated double bonds at any position.


docosapentaenoic acid

Any straight-chain, C22 fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.


Tetradecenic acid

A tetradecenoic acid having its double bond in the 2-position.


2-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid comprising a C16 straight chain carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 2.


octadecatrienoic acid

Any trienoic fatty acid having eighteen carbons.


fatty acid 20:3

Any trienoic fatty acid with twenty carbons.


hexadecadienoic acid

Any straight-chain, C16 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing two C=C double bonds (position and geometry not specified).


3-Hydroxyhexadecanoic acid

A long-chain fatty acid that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of palmitic acid.


cis-2-decenoic acid,CDA

A decenoic acid having its double bond in position 2.


butenoic acid

Any C4, straight-chain fatty acid containing one double bond.


The (5Z,7E,9E,14Z,17Z)-isomer of icosapentaenoic acid.


Palmitolinoleic acid

A hexadecenoic acid in which the double bond is located at position 9.


pentenoic acid

Any C5, straight-chain, monounsaturated fatty acid.


tetracosenoic acid

Any C24 monounsaturated fatty acid containing one double bond.


cis-Parinaric acid

The (9Z,11E,13E,15Z)-isomer of parinaric acid.


docosenoic acid

A C22, monounsaturated fatty acid carrying a C=C double bond at any position.


tetradecenoic acid

Any C14 straight-chain monounsaturated fatty acid having one C=C double bond.


hexadecenoic acid

A C16 straight-chain monounsaturated fatty acid having one C=C double bond.


octadecatetraenoic acid

A polyunsaturated fatty acid whose structure contains double bonds at any four positions of an 18-carbon straight chain.


Eicosa-5,8,11-trienoic acid

An icosatrienoic acid with three bonds at positions 5, 8 and 11.


decenoic acid

Any C10 monounsaturated fatty acid having a double bond in the carbon backbone.


beta-Parinaric acid

The all-trans- isomer of parinaric acid.


But-2-enoic acid

A butenoic acid having the double bond at position C-2.


docosatetraenoic acid

Any straight-chain, C22 fatty acid having four C=C double bonds.


Head and Neck Disorder

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the anatomic structures of the head and neck region.  This category includes inflammatory disorders, benign neoplasms, precancerous conditions, and malignant neoplasms.


Congenital thyroid disorder

A thyroid gland disorder present at birth. It includes thyroid gland aplasia and thyroid gland hypoplasia, both result in hypothyroidism.


Disorder of neck

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the anatomic structures of the neck region.  This category includes disorders of the pharynx, larynx, thyroid gland, and parathyroid gland.


Non-Neoplastic Thyroid Gland Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the thyroid gland.  Representative examples include hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroiditis, and thyroid gland abscess.


Non-Neoplastic Neck Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the anatomic structures of the neck region.  This category includes non-neoplastic disorders of the pharynx, larynx, thyroid gland, and parathyroid gland.


Non-Neoplastic Head and Neck Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the anatomic structures of the head and neck region.


Tetranabinex

A diverse group of pharmacologically active secondary metabolite characteristic to Cannabis plant as well as produced naturally in the body by humans and animals. Cannabinoids contain oxygen as a part of the heterocyclic ring or in the form of various functional groups. They are subdivided on the basis of their origin.


phytocannabinoid

A class of cannabinoid which are C21 terpenophenolic compounds isolated primarily from Cannabis sativa.


endocannabinoid

A class of cannabinoids present in mammalian biological fluids and tissues that activate cannabinoid receptors.


oxooctadecadienoic acid

An oxo fatty acid that is obtained by oxidation of the allylic hydroxy group of any hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid during its metabolism.


13-Oxooctadeca-9,11-dienoic acid

An oxooctadecadienoic acid that is 9,11-octadecadienoic acid in which the oxo group is located at position 13.


D-Lysine hydrochloride

The hydrochloride salt of D-lysine.


A quinolin-4-one having methyl and hydroxy substituents at the 2- and 3-positions respectively.


Methylsuccinic acid

A dicarboxylic acid that is butanedioic acid substituted at position 2 by a methyl group.


gamma-lactone

A lactone having a five-membered lactone ring.


butenolide

A gamma-lactone that consists of a 2-furanone skeleton and its substituted derivatives.


A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one in which all or the hydrogens attached to the benzene ring are replaced by chlorines. A fungicide used for the control of rice blast, it is not approved for use within the European Union.


The 2-chloro derivative of cis-4-carboxymethylenebut-2-en-1,4-olide.


decatromicin A

A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic isolated from Actinomadura sp. MK73-NF4. It specifically inhibits the growth of gram-positive bacteria including multi-drug resistant strains such as Staphylococcus aureus MS9610 and menthicilin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA).


The trans-isomer of 2-chloro-4-carboxymethylenebut-2-en-1,4-olide.


Teniposide

A furonaphthodioxole that is a synthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin with anti-tumour activity; causes single- and double-stranded breaks in DNA and DNA-protein cross-links and prevents repair by topoisomerase II binding.


vitamin C

Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.


Sarmentologenin

A steroid lactone that is card-20(22)-enolide substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5, 11, 14 and 19.


Any gamma-lactone having the lactone moiety derived from 4-hydroxybutanoic acid.


Venen

A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of equimolar amounts of triprolidine and hydrogen chloride. Its monohydrate is used for the symptomatic relief of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.


Halogenated cyanine compound that binds nucleic acids.


A C21-steroid that is cortisone in which the 21-hydroxy group has been oxidised to the corresponding aldehyde.


A C21-steroid that is cortisol in which the 21-hydroxy group has been oxidised to the corresponding aldehyde.


Stage III Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3a, N0, M0); IIIB: (T3b, N0, M0); IIIC: (T4, N0, M0). T3a: Multiple tumors more than 5 cm. T3b: Single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein.  T4: Tumors(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Hepatocellular Carcinoma by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of hepatocellular carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


Stage IIIC Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IIIC includes: T4, N0, M0.  T4: Tumors(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IV Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N1, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis.  M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage II Childhood Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v6 and v7

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0.  T2: Solitary tumor with vascular invasion or multiple tumors none more than 5 cm.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Stage IVB Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1.  M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IVA Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IVA includes: Any T, N1, M0.  N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage III Childhood Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7


Stage I Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v6 and v7

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0.  T1: Solitary tumor without vascular invasion.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Stage IIIA Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0.  T3a: Multiple tumors more than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage II Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v6 and v7


Stage IV Childhood Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7


Stage IIIB Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage I Childhood Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v6 and v7


Meperidine hydrochloride

The hydrochloride salt of pethidine. An analgesic used for the treatment of postoperative and labour pain.


quercetin O-glucoside

A quercetin O-glycoside that is an O-glucosylated derivative of quercetin.


N-tetracosenoylsphingosine

An acylsphingosine in which the acyl moiety contains 24 carbons and 1 double bond.


diarylmethane

Any compound containing two aryl groups connected by a single C atom.


A diarylmethane in which the two aryl groups are specified as 5-methylfuran-2-yl and pyrrol-3-yl.


Dextromethadone

A 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one that has (S)-configuration. It is the less active enantiomer of methadone and has very little activity on opioid receptors and mainly responsible for the inhibition of hERG K+ channels and thus for cardiac toxicity. The drug is currently under clinical development for the treatment of major depressive disorder.


Levomethadone

A 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one that has (R)-configuration. It is the active enantiomer of methadone and its hydrochloride salt is used to treat adults who are addicted to drugs such as heroin and morphine.


Symmetrel

A hydrochloride obtained by combining amantadine and hydrochloric acid in equimolar amounts.


bromomethanes

A halomethane that is methane in which one or more hydrogens has been replaced by bromine.


Fluorobenzene

Any fluoroarene that is a benzene or a substituted benzene carrying at least one fluoro group.


Copper(I) chloride

An inorganic chloride of copper in which the metal is in the +1 oxidation state.


CUPRIC CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS

An inorganic chloride of copper in which the metal is in the +2 oxidation state.


Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma

A hepatocellular carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site.


Stage IIIB Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Tumor extending to pelvic wall and/or causing hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney (unless known to be due to another cause). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


BCLC Stage 0 Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Very early hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients are optimal candidates for resection. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


Refractory Endometrial Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial mucinous adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Refractory Microsatellite Stable Endometrial Carcinoma

Microsatellite stable endometrial carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Refractory Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


BCLC Stage B Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma.  Patients may benefit from chemoembolization. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


Metastatic Endometrial Mixed Cell Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial mixed cell adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Stage I Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

The carcinoma is strictly confined to the cervix (extension to the uterine corpus should be disregarded). (FIGO 2009)


Cervical Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

A rare carcinoma that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of squamous cells, mucus producing cells, and cells of intermediate type.


Hepatocellular Carcinoma by AJCC v6 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of hepatocellular carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


Pure Cutaneous Mastocytosis

Mastocytosis that manifests with pure cutaneous involvement.


Stage IIB Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

Cervical carcinoma with parametrial involvement but not up to the pelvic wall. (FIGO 2018)


Well Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with mild atypia and an increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio forming thin trabecular patterns.  It is usually associated with small tumors and an early stage.


Stage IIB Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma with parametrial invasion. (FIGO 2009)


Cervical Invasive Stratified Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

A rare, distinct form of invasive cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma associated with human papillomavirus infection. It is characterized by the presence of stratiﬁed, immature epithelial cells containing varying quantities of intracytoplasmic mucin.


Undifferentiated schizophrenia

A subtype of schizophrenia in which the individual exhibits the characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia but the overall picture is not one of catatonic type, paranoid type, or disorganized type schizophrenia.


Stage I Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor strictly confined to the cervix (extension to corpus should be disregarded). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Cervical carcinoma stage II AJCC v7

Stage II includes: II (T2, N0, M0); IIA (T2a, N0, M0); IIA1 (T2a1, N0, M0); IIA2 (T2a2, N0, M0); IIB (T2b, N0, M0); T2: Cervical carcinoma invades beyond uterus but not to pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. T2a: Tumor without parametrial invasion.  T2a1: Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T2a2: Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension.  T2b: Tumor with parametrial invasion.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IV Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v6

Stage IV includes (Any T, Any N, M1).  M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


High Grade Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma exhibiting more than 50% solid non-glandular, non-squamous growth.


Human Papillomavirus-Related Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A cervical squamous cell carcinoma associated with human papillomavirus infection.


Stage III Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

Cervical carcinoma that involves the lower third of the vagina and/or extends to the pelvic wall and/or causes hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney and/or involves pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph nodes. (FIGO 2018)


Stage IB2 Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

Invasive cervical carcinoma equal or more than 2 cm and less than 4 cm in greatest dimension. (FIGO 2018)


Stage IVA Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

The cervical carcinoma has spread to adjacent pelvic organs. (FIGO 2018)


Metastatic Endometrial Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial clear cell adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Human Papillomavirus-Related Cervical Adenocarcinoma In Situ

Cervical adenocarcinoma in situ associated with human papillomavirus infection.


Stage IIIC2 Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

Cervical carcinoma with para-aortic lymph node metastasis. (FIGO 2018)


Malignant hepatobiliary neoplasms

A malignant neoplasm that affects the liver parenchyma, bile ducts, and gallbladder.  Representative examples include hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder carcinoma.


Stage III Cervical Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage III includes: III (T3, N0, M0); IIIA (T3a, N0, M0); IIIB (T1, N1, M0), (T2, N1, M0), (T3a, N1, M0), (T3b, Any N, M0). T3: Tumor extends to pelvic wall and/or involves lower third of vagina, and/or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney. T3a: Tumor involves lower third of vagina, no extension to pelvic wall.  T3b: Tumor extends to pelvic wall and/or causes hydronephrosis or non functioning kidney.  N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


undifferentiated carcinoma of cervix

A rare carcinoma that arises from the cervix and is characterized by the lack of specific cellular differentiation.


Stage IV Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: T4, Any N, M0; IVB: Any T, Any N, M1. T4: Tumor invading the mucosa of the bladder or rectum, and/or extending beyond the true pelvis (bullous edema is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis (including peritoneal spread or involvement of the supraclavicular, mediastinal, or distant lymph nodes; lung; liver; or bone). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The reemergence of hepatocellular carcinoma after a period of remission


Stage IVA Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: Any T, N1, M0. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Endometrial Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Intestinal-Type

A rare mucinous adenocarcinoma arising from intestinal metaplasia of the endometrium.


Stage II Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, Any N, M0. T2: Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IA Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IA includes: T1a, Any N, M0. T1a: Tumor diagnosed only by microscopy. Stromal invasion with a maximum depth of 5.0 mm measured from the base of the epithelium and a horizontal spread of 7.0 mm or less. Vascular space involvement, venous or lymphatic, does not affect classification. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IIIC1 Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IIIC1 includes: TX, T0, T1-3, N1, M0. TX: Primary tumor cannot be assessed. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor strictly confined to the cervix (extension to corpus should be disregarded). T2: Tumor invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. T3: Tumor extending to pelvic sidewall and/or involving the lower third of vagina, and/or causing hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney. The pelvic sidewall is defined as the muscle, fascia, neurovascular structures, and skeletal portions of the bony pelvis. Cases with no cancer-free space between the tumor and pelvic wall by rectal examination are FIGO III. N1: Tumor with regional lymph node metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes only. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Mitochondrial enzyme deficiency

A constellation of disorders whose common thread is the insufficient quantity of one or more mitochondrial enzymes.


Stage IIA Cervical Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIA includes: IIA (T2a, N0, M0); IIA1 (T2a1, N0, M0); IIA2 (T2a2, N0, M0).  T2a: Tumor without parametrial invasion.  T2a1: Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T2a2: Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Hepatitis Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A hepatocellular carcinoma that develops following hepatitis virus exposure and injury of the liver parenchyma.


Stage IB Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IB includes: T1b, Any N, M0. T1b: Tumor with clinically visible lesion confined to the cervix or microscopic lesion greater than T1a/IA2. It includes all macroscopically visible lesions, even those with superficial invasion. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Cervical Cancer by FIGO Stage 2009

A term that refers to the staging of cervical cancer according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, 2009.


Non-Neoplastic Central Nervous System Disorder


Stage IB2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IB2 includes: T1b2, Any N, M0. T1b2: Tumor with clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IIA Cervical Cancer AJCC v6

Tumor without parametrial invasion.


Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm to the Cervix

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the cervix from another anatomic site.


Stage IB1 Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

Invasive cervical carcinoma with equal or more than 5 mm depth of stromal invasion, and less than 2 cm in greatest dimension. (FIGO 2018)


Recurrent Endometrial Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


Adult Pleomorphic Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A pleomorphic hepatocellular carcinoma that occurs during adulthood.


POLE-Ultramutated Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

An endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma characterized by mutations in the exonuclease domain of the DNA polymerase epsilon (POLE) gene that result in an ultra-mutated tumor phenotype.


Cervical Adenocarcinoma In Situ

Stage 0 includes: (Tis, N0, M0). Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. FIGO no longer includes stage 0. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Non-Neoplastic Retroperitoneal Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the retroperitoneum.


Moderately Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm forming trabecular and pseudoglandular patterns.  It is usually associated with tumors that are larger than 3 cm in diameter.


Cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbation

An acute episode of worsening pulmonary symptoms related to cystic fibrosis.


Non-Neoplastic Genitourinary System Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the genitourinary system.


Stage IIIA Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma involving lower one-third of the vagina. (FIGO 2009)


Rare Non-Neoplastic Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that is rare.


Stage IA1 Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IA1 includes: T1a1, Any N, M0. T1a1: Invasive cervical carcinoma with measured stromal invasion of 3.0 mm or less in depth and 7.0 mm or less in horizontal spread. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Human Papillomavirus-Independent Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A cervical squamous cell carcinoma not associated with human papillomavirus infection.


p53-Mutant Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

An endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of p53 gene mutations.


Non-Neoplastic Endocrine Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the endocrine system.  Representative examples include diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, and adrenal gland insufficiency.


Metastatic Microsatellite Stable Endometrial Carcinoma

Microsatellite stable endometrial carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Non-Neoplastic Vascular Disorder

A term that includes all non-neoplastic vascular disorders.


Early Rheumatoid Arthritis

Recent diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (usually within one to two years of onset) during which treatment may be more effective and possibly improve the disease course.


Hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of steatohepatitis features, including macrovesicular steatosis, fibrosis, ballooning of malignant hepatocytes, Mallory bodies, and inflammation.


B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic proliferation of B-lymphocytes.


Stage II Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not extending onto the lower third of the vagina or to the pelvic wall. (FIGO 2009)


Microsatellite Stable Endometrial Carcinoma

Endometrial carcinoma characterized by the absence of microsatellite instability.


Abnormal Laboratory Test Result

A laboratory test result that falls outside of the normal, acceptable range.


Enzyme Deficiency

A finding in which there is a subnormal amount of an enzyme. Enzymes are proteins that are necessary in certain catabolic processes.


Stage IV Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma involving adjacent and distant organs. (FIGO 2009)


Non-Neoplastic Peritoneal and Retroperitoneal Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the peritoneum and/or retroperitoneum.


Stage IB Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma measuring more than 5 mm in depth. (FIGO 2009)


Poorly Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant pleomorphic cells forming solid patterns.


Recurrent Endometrial Mixed Cell Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial mixed cell adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Refractory Endometrial Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Non-Neoplastic Soft Tissue Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the soft tissue.


Locally Advanced Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Recurrent Endometrial Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial mucinous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Stage III Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma involving lower vagina, pelvic sidewall, and ureters. (FIGO 2009)


Stage IB2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IB2 includes: T1b2, N0, M0. T1b2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm and equal or less than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Stage IIIA Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Tumor involving the lower third of vagina but not extending to pelvic wall. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Stage IA1 Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma measuring equal or less than 3 mm in depth. (FIGO 2009)


Stage IB Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

Invasive cervical carcinoma with measured deepest invasion equal or more than 5 mm (greater than Stage IA), lesion limited to the cervix uteri. (FIGO 2018)


Polyarticular Still Disease

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis affecting multiple joints, usually symmetrically. It may be associated with low grade fever, anemia, and weight loss. Patients usually test negative for rheumatoid factor.


Stage IIA2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIA2 includes: T2a2, N0, M0.  Tumor invades beyond uterus but no to pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. No parametrial invasion.  T2a2: Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Endometrial Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A high grade neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the endometrium. It is composed of large polygonal cells arranged in well-demarcated nests, trabeculae or cords with peripheral palisading.


Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Situ

Stage 0 includes: (Tis, N0, M0). Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. FIGO no longer includes stage 0. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Nerve palsy

Paralysis that is caused by damage to a nerve.


Stage IV Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IV includes: IVA: T4, Any N, M0; IVB: Any T, Any N, M1. T4: Tumor has involved (biopsy-proven) the mucosa of the bladder or rectum, or has spread to adjacent organs. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis including inguinal lymph nodes, lung, liver, bone, or intraperitoneal metastases. Metastases to pelvic or paraaortic lymph nodes, or vagina are excluded. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Human Papillomavirus-Independent Cervical Adenocarcinoma

Cervical adenocarcinoma not associated with human papillomavirus infection.


BCLC Stage D Hepatocellular Carcinoma

End-stage hepatocellular carcinoma.  Patients will receive symptomatic treatment. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


Stage IA Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor that can be diagnosed only by microscopy with maximum depth of invasion equal or less than 5 mm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Stage IIA2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IIA2 includes: T2a2, N0, M0. T2a2: Tumor with involvement limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial invasion measuring more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the respiratory system or the thoracic organs.


Stage IIA1 Cervical Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIA1 includes: T2a1, N0, M0.  Tumor invades beyond uterus but no to pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. No parametrial invasion.  T2a1: Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A hepatocellular carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Cerebral Adrenoleukodystrophy

A subtype of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) occurring in approximately 40 percent of boys with ALD, primarily affecting the cerebrum, resulting in rapidly declining neurocognitive function and in most patients, premature death.


Congenital Systemic Disorder

An inherited disorder that presents with systemic manifestations.


Refractory Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma, not otherwise specified, that is resistant to treatment.


Stage IIIA Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Multiple tumors, at least one of which is larger than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma measuring equal to or less than 2 cm in diameter. It includes early hepatocellular carcinoma and small progressed hepatocellular carcinoma.


Unresectable Fibrolamellar Carcinoma

A fibrolamellar carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Congenital Adrenal Gland Disorder

A genetic disorder that affects the adrenal gland.  It includes adrenal gland hyperplasia and adrenal gland hypoplasia.


Schizophrenia, Childhood

Schizophrenia occurring in childhood.


Retroperitoneal disorder

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the retroperitoneum.


Schizophrenia, Disorganized

A subtype of schizophrenia characterized by disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, and a flat or inappropriate affect; associated features include grimacing, mannerisms, and other oddities of behavior. Criteria for the catatonic type of schizophrenia are not met.


Cervical Adenocarcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified

A cervical adenocarcinoma that cannot be classified by WHO criteria or International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC).


Thoracic Diseases

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the thorax and/or the organs of the thoracic cavity.  Representative examples include pleural infection, mediastinitis, thymoma, mediastinal lymphoma, and pleural mesothelioma.


Infiltrating Cervical Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the cervix and invades into the stromal tissue.


Hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of diffuse neutrophil infiltrates within the tumor.


Stage IB3 Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IB3 includes: T1b3, N0, M0. T1b3: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Metastatic Endometrial Serous Adenocarcinoma

An endometrial serous adenocarcinoma that has spread to other anatomic sites.


Recurrent Adult Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A hepatocellular carcinoma that occurs during adulthood and has recurred after a period of remission.


BCLC Stage A Adult Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Early hepatocellular carcinoma.  Patients are candidates for radical therapies (resection, liver transplantation, or percutaneous treatments). (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


Male Reproductive System Carcinoma

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of any part of the male reproductive system. Representative examples include prostate carcinoma and penile carcinoma.


Stage III Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: T3, Any N, M0. T3: Tumor extending to pelvic sidewall and/or involving the lower third of vagina, and/or causing hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IIIC2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IIIC2 includes: TX, T0, T1-3, N2, M0. TX: Primary tumor cannot be assessed. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor strictly confined to the cervix (extension to corpus should be disregarded). T2: Tumor invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. T3: Tumor extending to pelvic sidewall and/or involving the lower third of vagina, and/or causing hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney. The pelvic sidewall is defined as the muscle, fascia, neurovascular structures, and skeletal portions of the bony pelvis. Cases with no cancer-free space between the tumor and pelvic wall by rectal examination are FIGO III. N2: Tumor with regional lymph node metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes with or without positive pelvic lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Human Papillomavirus-Related Cervical Adenocarcinoma

A cervical adenocarcinoma associated with the presence of human papillomavirus infection.


A rare type of hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of pleomorphic malignant cells that are intermixed with lymphocytes.


Macrotrabecular Massive Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by more than 50% growth of macrotrabecular pattern (equal to or more than 6 to 10 cells thick). It presents with higher grade and stage compared to conventional hepatocellular carcinoma. It has poor prognosis with early recurrence and poor overall survival.