Metachronous Malignant Neoplasm

A malignant tumor that arises at a site separate from another, primary malignant tumor in the same anatomic system.  It is not clear if metachronous malignant neoplasms represent new primary tumors or metastatic disease.  Examples include metachronous osteosarcoma of the bones that develops in patients with known primary bone osteosarcoma, and metachronous Wilms' tumor that affects the opposite kidney in patients with a history of Wilms' tumor.


Peritoneal Diseases

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A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the peritoneum.  Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include peritonitis and panniculitis.  Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include adenomatoid tumor, primary peritoneal carcinoma, metastatic carcinoma to the peritoneum, and malignant mesothelioma.


Locally Advanced Vulvar Carcinoma

Vulvar carcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Resectable Glioma

A glioma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Vulvar Germ Cell Tumor

A rare germ cell tumor that arises from the vulva.


Subgaleal Hemorrhage Related to Birth

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Bleeding in the potential space between the skull periosteum and the scalp galea aponeurosis of a newborn infant due to shearing forces on the tentorium and deep venous system during labor and delivery.


High Grade Fever

Body temperature of 104 degrees Fahrenheit (40 degrees Celsius) or higher.


Neuroendocrine breast tumor

A well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the breast. It may be classified as G1 (low grade) or G2 (intermediate grade) neuroendocrine tumor.


Atypical Gastric Lymphoid Hyperplasia

An atypical lymphoid hyperplasia involving the gastric mucosa.


Unilateral Anophthalmos

A rare congenital abnormality characterized by the complete absence of ocular tissue in one orbit.


46,XX Ovotesticular Difference of Sex Development

The presence of ovarian and testicular tissue in the an individual with 46,XX karyotype. The anatomical expression of this condition is variable.


Stage IA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0, G1-2, X. T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated.  G2: Moderately differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IV Appendix Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: (T1, N0, N1, M1); (T2, N0, N1, M1); (T3, N0, N1, M1); (T4, N0, N1, M1). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but less than or equal to 4 cm. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm or with subserosal invasion or involvement of the mesoappendix. T4: Tumor perforating the peritoneum or directly invading other adjacent organs or structures (excluding direct mural extension to adjacent subserosa of adjacent bowel), e.g., abdominal wall and skeletal muscle. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Vasogenic Edema

Edema that is characterized by increased permeability of capillary endothelial cells.


Metastatic small cell carcinoma

A small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has metastasized from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Granulosa cell-theca cell tumor

A general term used to describe sex cord-stromal tumors characterized by the presence of granulosa cells in a thecomatous/fibrothecomatous background.


Gastroesophageal Junction Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gastroesophageal junction.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells.


Pancreatic Poorly Differentiated Ductal Adenocarcinoma

A pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of small and irregular malignant glandular structures, solid sheets of malignant cells, and single malignant cells.


T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia, Common Variant

T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia defined by the presence of CD3-positive, CD8-positive, and T-cell receptor alpha-beta-positive cytotoxic T-cells.


Gastric Cancer by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of gastric carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


Radiculoneuropathy

Spontaneous degeneration of the spinal cord and peripheral nerves characterized by myelin sheath vacuolation, Wallerian degeneration and intramyelinic space infiltration by macrophages.


Muscular Dystrophy Secondary to Mitochondrial Disorder

A muscular dystrophy that was caused by a primary mitochondrial disorder.


Locally Advanced Adenocarcinoma

Adenocarcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gallbladder. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 10 HPF. According to the size of the malignant cells, the prominence of the nucleoli, and the amount of cytoplasm, it is classified either as small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.


Radiation Overdose

A higher than intended cumulative dose of radiation to a single field.


Intraoperative Neurological Injury

Damage to any part of the nervous system during a surgical procedure.


Intermediate Bone Neoplasm

A locally aggressive or rarely metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the bone.


Criminal injury

Trauma resulting from illegal activity.


Unresectable Peritoneal Malignant Mesothelioma

Peritoneal malignant mesothelioma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Fuchs' adenoma

A benign proliferation of the pars plicata epithelium of the ciliary body. It is associated with aging..


Myeloid Neoplasms with Germline Predisposition

A term that refers to myelodysplastic syndromes, myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms, and acute myeloid leukemias that are associated with germline mutations and are familial.


Stage IIIA Vulvar Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIA includes: (T1/T2, N1a/N1b, M0); T1: Invasive vulvar cancer confined to the vulva or perineum.  T2: Vulvar cancer with tumor of any size with extension to adjacent perineal structures (lower/distal 1/3 urethra, lower/distal 1/3 vagina, anal involvement).  N1a: Vulvar cancer with one or two lymph node metastasis each measuring 5 mm or less.  N1b: Vulvar cancer with one lymph node metastasis measuring 5 mm or greater.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Malignant Testicular Sertoli Cell Tumor

A Sertoli cell tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by nuclear pleomorphism, increased mitotic activity and necrotic changes.  Metastases may be present at diagnosis.


Recurrent Malignant Germ Cell Tumor

The reemergence of a malignant germ cell tumor after a period of remission.


Congenital Platelets Abnormality

A group of rare inherited platelet disorders that involve abnormalities of platelet function or platelet production and that usually cause moderate to severe bleeding problems.


Defective Alpha Heavy Chain Present

An indication that cells expressing a mutated or defective form of immunoglobulin heavy chain alpha have been detected in a sample.


Lugano Classification Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A staging system for childhood Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Lugano classification criteria. Staging for childhood Hodgkin lymphoma is the same as for the adult counterpart. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Adult Angiosarcoma

An angiosarcoma occurring in the adult population.


neoplasm of optic chiasm

A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the optic chiasm.


Abscess of pituitary

An inflammatory or infectious process in the pituitary gland characterized by a circumscribed, walled collection of purulent material.


High Level of Hyaluronic Acid

A finding indicating high concentrations of hyaluronic acid in a sample.


Metastatic Conjunctival Melanoma

Conjunctival melanoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Assault by sharp object

A physical attack with a pointed object.


Localized Adult Undifferentiated High Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone

An undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma of bone that occurs in adulthood and has not spread to other anatomic sites.


Refractory Melanoma

Melanoma that does not respond to treatment.


Lugano Classification Hodgkin Lymphoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A staging system for Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Lugano classification criteria. Staging for childhood Hodgkin lymphoma is the same as for the adult counterpart. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Central Nervous System Paraganglioma

An extra-adrenal paraganglioma arising from the central nervous system.


Nuclear Cataract Grade 4

A stage of nuclear sclerotic cataract marked by severe yellowing and sclerosis of the lens nucleus. (Modified LOCS II)


Tuberculous abscess

An abscess resulting from infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.


An epithelioid hemangioendothelioma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Papillary carcinoma in situ

An epithelial neoplasm with a papillary growth pattern in which the malignant cells are confined to the epithelium, without evidence of invasion.


Unresectable Prostate Carcinoma

Prostate carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Olfactory neurogenic tumor

A rare, benign (olfactory neurocytoma) or malignant (olfactory neuroblastoma) neuroectodermal tumor originating from olfactory receptor cells in the nasal cavity.


Grade 2 Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma

Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma in which at least 25% of the tumor nodules contain increased numbers of Reed-Sternberg cells.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to lacrimal gland

A malignant neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to the lacrimal gland.


Malignant Fundus Neoplasm

A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the gastric fundus.


Elevated Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

A finding indicating elevated concentrations of human chorionic gonadotropin in a sample.


Stage I Extragonadal Non-Seminomatous Germ Cell Tumor


Stage IIB Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IIB includes: T2b, N0, M0.  T2b: Extension to other pelvic structures.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Polyostotic Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting with multiple sites of involvement.


Stage III Acral Lentiginous Melanoma AJCC v7

Stage III includes: Any T, N1-3, M0.  Stage III is divided into three pathologic subgroups: IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC.  There are no clinical subgroups for stage III.  N1: Cutaneous melanoma with metastasis in one regional lymph node.  N2: Cutaneous melanoma with metastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes or in transit met(s)/satellite(s) without metastatic nodes.  N3: Cutaneous melanoma with 4 or more metastatic nodes, or matted nodes, or in transit met(s)/satellite(s) with metastatic node(s).  M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Diencephalic Glioblastoma

A glioblastoma that occurs in the diencephalon.


Nightmare Disorder

A sleep disorder characterized by the repeated occurrence of frightening dreams which precipitate awakenings from sleep; on awakening, the individual becomes fully alert and oriented and has detailed recall of the nightmare, which usually involves imminent danger or extreme embarrassment to the individual.


Retinoblastoma, spontaneously regressed

An archaic term that refers to benign, non-progressive retinal lesions in patients with mutation of the RB1 gene.


Elevated CEA

A laboratory test result indicating the presence of an increased level of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CEA in a biological sample.


Neonatal hyperglycemia

Blood glucose concentration above the upper limit of established reference ranges in a newborn.


Atypical Melanocytic Nevus of Genital Type

A small, well circumscribed melanocytic neoplasm that arises from the vulva and affects women in their reproductive years. It is characterized by the presence of junctional nests of melanocytes. Some of the superficial melanocytes show atypia. During pregnancy the atypical melanocytic changes may appear more prominent. This neoplasm is not associated with the presence of dysplastic nevi in other anatomic areas.


Refractory Prostate Carcinoma

Prostate carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Recurrent Female Reproductive System Carcinoma

The reemergence of female reproductive system carcinoma after a period of remission.


Lugano Classification Stage III Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm; nodes above the diaphragm with spleen involvement. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Therapy-Related Toxicity - Unacceptable to Patient

Indicates that a toxicity adverse effect has been experienced by a patient, and it is severe enough for the patient to discontinue the treatment.


Tracheal fistula

An abnormal communication between the trachea and another organ or anatomic site.


Septic arthritis staphylococcal

Arthritis due to staphylococcal sepsis.


Eating disorder symptom

Abnormal eating behaviors, including binge eating, compulsive eating, emotional eating, night eating, and self-induced vomiting, though not at a level that rises to the diagnosis of eating disorder.


Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy resulting from the deposition of misfolded transthyretin. The condition can be classified by the presence (hereditary transthyretin amyloid) or absence (wild-type transthyretin amyloid) of mutation(s) in the TTR gene, encoding transthyretin.


Adenocarcinoma of the prostate metastatic

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the prostate gland and has spread to other anatomic sites.


Bladder Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

A neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the bladder.


Stage IB Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IB includes: T1b, Any N, M0. T1b: Tumor with clinically visible lesion confined to the cervix or microscopic lesion greater than T1a/IA2. It includes all macroscopically visible lesions, even those with superficial invasion. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Recurrent Intermediate Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


Venous Stroke

Ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke resulting from cerebral venous thrombosis.


Fetus Small for Gestational Age with Oligohydraminos

A fetus that does not grow beyond the 10th percentile of conventionally accepted weight for gestational age and shows evidence of oligohydramnios.


Cervical Cancer by FIGO Stage 2009

A term that refers to the staging of cervical cancer according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, 2009.


Non-Neoplastic Central Nervous System Disorder


Stenosis

Narrowing or stricture of a vessel, duct or canal.


Vascular disorder of intestine

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic vascular disorder that affects the intestines.


Cerebellar sarcoma

An obsolete term referring to desmoplastic medulloblastoma.


Gastric Non-Neoplastic Polyp

A non-neoplastic polyp that arises from the stomach.  This category includes hyperplastic polyps and hamartomatous polyps.


Recurrent Childhood Diffuse Astrocytoma

The reemergence of diffuse astrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission.


Haptoglobin Decreased

A laboratory test result which indicates decreased levels of haptoglobin in a biological specimen.


Stage IIIA Esophageal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIA includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: (T1-2, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T3, N1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4a, N0, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Resectable tumor invading pleura, pericardium, or diaphragm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus. For adenocarcinoma: (T1-2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Resectable tumor invading pleura, pericardium, or diaphragm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IB2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IB2 includes: T1b2, Any N, M0. T1b2: Tumor with clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Radiation anemia

Anemia arising due to radiation therapy.


Invasive listeriosis

A bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes in a sterile body compartment.


Stage 0 Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v8

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. This includes high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIn-3), intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia, intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia, and mucinous cystic neoplasm with high-grade dysplasia.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Defects in Intrinsic and Innate Immunity

A group of diseases or disorders caused by genetic defects within the immune system, comprised by: Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD); Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (HPV); Predisposition to severe viral infection; Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE); Predisposition to invasive fungal diseases; Predisposition to mucocutaneous candidiasis; TLR signaling pathway deficiencies with bacterial susceptibility; and other inborn errors of immunity related to nonhematopoietic tissues.


Lymphocyte-Depleted Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma by Ann Arbor Stage

An anatomic stage for lymphocyte-depleted classic Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria.


Metastatic Unresectable Sarcoma

A metastatic sarcoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Locally Advanced Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

Esophageal adenocarcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Stage IIA Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v7

Stage IIA includes: T2, N0, M0.  T2: Stomach/ duodenum /jejunum/ileum: tumor invades muscularis propria or is more than 1 cm in size; ampulla: tumor is more than 1 cm in size; colon or rectum: tumor invades muscularis propria or is more than 2 cm in size with invasion of lamina propria or submucosa.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm with Ring Sideroblasts and Thrombocytosis

A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm with morphologic and clinical characteristics of refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts, marked thrombocytosis, and abnormal megakaryocytes.


Metastatic Appendix Adenocarcinoma

Appendix adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Hodgkin's disease nodular sclerosis stage I

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage I: Involvement of a single lymph node region (I); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in the absence of any lymph node involvement (IE) (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma).


Ann Arbor Stage III AIDS-Related Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm (III), which also may be accompanied by extralymphatic extension in association with adjacent lymph node involvement (IIIE) or by involvement of the spleen (IIIS) or both (IIIE,S).


Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Microtumor

A non-functioning pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor measuring less than 0.5 cm in diameter.


Refractory Neoplasm

A neoplasm that does not respond to treatment.


Posterior Subcapsular Cataract Grade 3

A stage of posterior subcapsular cataract characterized by 50% of the posterior capsule obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II)


Prostate cancer stage B

Tumor is clinically palpable but confined to the prostate.


Metastatic Anal Canal Carcinoma

An anal canal carcinoma which has spread to another anatomic site.


Malignant Peritoneal and Retroperitoneal Neoplasm

A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the peritoneum and/or retroperitoneum.


Hypernatremia

Higher than normal levels of sodium in the circulating blood.


Stage IIA Cervical Cancer AJCC v6

Tumor without parametrial invasion.


Stage IVB Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b. M1b: Fallopian tube cancer with liver or splenic parenchymal metastases; metastases to extra-abdominal organs (including inguinal lymph nodes and lymph nodes outside the abdominal cavity); transmural involvement of intestine. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IIIB Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor AJCC v7

Stage IIIB includes: Any T, M1a, Risk factors: high risk.  M1a: Lung metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Recurrent Myxoid Glioneuronal Tumor

The reemergence of myxoid glioneuronal tumor after a period of remission.


Chronic total occlusion of coronary artery

Prolonged complete obstruction of the coronary artery. (ACC)


Fibrinolysis Shutdown

Acute impairment of breaking down fibrin clots leading to venous thromboembolism, stroke, and renal failure.


Metastatic Pancreatobiliary Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas, bile ducts, gallbladder, or ampulla of Vater and has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Lymphoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma according to the AJCC v8 classification guidelines.


Incarcerated inguinal hernia

The trapping of bowel or omentum inside the inguinal canal that cannot be reduced, resulting in inflammation, pain, nausea, and possible bowel obstruction.


Lymphoma stage I

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage I: Involvement of a single lymph node region (I); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in the absence of any lymph node involvement (IE) (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma).


Glycogen storage disease, type IX

Glycogen storage disease usually inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern.  It is characterized by a deficiency of hepatic phosphorylase kinase.


Pinhole meatus

A narrowing of the opening of the urethra at the external meatus.


Radiating Chest Pain in Neck

The location of the radiating chest pain is in the neck.


AIDS-Related Carcinoma

Carcinoma occurring in HIV-positive patients.


Monoclonal Hypergammaglobulinemia

A laboratory test result indicating abnormally high proliferation of the gamma globulins originating from one cell line.


Granuloma annulare aggravated

A chronic, inflammatory skin condition characterized by raised, ring shaped eruptions occurring singly or in groups; often on the tops of the hands, feet, elbows, and knees. It is commonly seen in children and young adults, and in women twice as much as men.


Bladder Cancer by AJCC v6 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of bladder cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


Stage I Ampulla of Vater Cancer AJCC v7

Stage I includes: IA (T1, N0, M0); IB (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor limited to ampulla of Vater or sphincter of Oddi.  T2: Tumor invades duodenal wall.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm to the Cervix

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the cervix from another anatomic site.


Anal Canal Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A precancerous neoplastic intraepithelial process involving the anal canal.  When it is clinically noticeable, it may appear as an eczematous or papillary lesion, plaques, or papules.  Morphologically, it is characterized by loss of epithelial stratification and nuclear polarity, cytologic atypia, and the presence of mitotic figures.  It may be classified as low or high grade.


Laryngeal nerve palsy

Damage to the laryngeal nerve that results in paralysis of the layrnx.


Acinar cell tumor

A benign or malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm consisting of secretory cells forming acinar patterns. It includes the acinar cell adenoma and acinar cell carcinoma.


Helicobacter Pylori-Related Malignant Neoplasm


A pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma that arises from the supratentorial region of the brain.


Spinal nerves paralysis permanent

Spinal nerve paralysis that is irreversible.


Organic failure to thrive

Failure to thrive (FTT), that occurs in less than five percent of FTT cases; it is caused by acute or chronic disorders that interfere with nutritional uptake, including cleft palate, malabsorption due to cystic fibrosis, and short gut syndrome.


Low grade cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia

Cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of mild dysplastic changes.


Malignant Pancreatic Vipoma

A pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor producing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).  It is associated with watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and hypochlorhydria or achlorhydria.  It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.  One third of cases are metastatic at the time of diagnosis.


Recurrent Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm

The reemergence of a primary central nervous system neoplasm after a period of remission.


Angiosarcoma Associated with Lymphedema

An angiosarcoma that develops in association with long standing lymphedema.


T/NK-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic proliferation of T-lymphocytes and/or NK-cells.


Central Nervous System Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Rare involvement of the central nervous system by Langerhans cell histiocytosis.


Injury to peritoneum without mention of open wound into cavity

Trauma to the peritoneum without indication of associated damage to the skin and other internal and external tissues.


Mucinous cystic neoplasm with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of gallbladder

A non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the gallbladder epithelium.  It is characterized by the presence of mild atypia.


Stage IIIA Testicular Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: (Any pT/TX, Any N, M1a, S0); (Any pT/TX, Any N, M1a, S1). TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. M1a: Testicular cancer with non-retroperitoneal nodal or pulmonary metastases. S0: Marker study levels within normal limits. S1: LDH less than 1.5 x N and hCG (mlU/mL) less than 5,000 and AFP (ng/mL) less than 1,000. N indicates the upper limit of normal for the LDH assay. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Sacral Fistula

A pathologic communication between the skin and the dural space that is located 5-25 mm from the anal verge.


Extrahepatic Bile Duct Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

A well differentiated, intermediate grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. The mitotic count is 2-20 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is 3 to 20 percent.


Locally Advanced Primary Malignant Brain Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the brain that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Retinoblastoma, differentiated

A retinoblastoma with well differentiated features. It often produces Flexner-Wintersteiner rosettes or Homer-Wright rosettes. In some cases the tumor cells form fleurettes.


Metastatic Gastric Carcinoma

A gastric carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Mesothelioma malignant localised

A mesothelioma with the gross appearance of a circumscribed serosal lesion and the microscopic appearance of diffuse malignant mesothelioma, without evidence of diffuse spread.


Recurrent Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm

The reemergence of a blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm after a period of remission.


Cervical Germ Cell Tumor

A rare germ cell tumor that arises from the cervix. Examples include mature cystic teratoma, yolk sac tumor, and choriocarcinoma.


Hereditary factor I deficiency disease

An inherited blood coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of fibrinogen in the blood, resulting in bleeding.


Stage IIC Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Acoustic shock

Neurophysiological and psychological symptoms caused by sudden and unexpected loud noise.


Stage 0 Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0.  Tis: Carcinoma in situ.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


Cutaneous Histiocytic and Dendritic Cell Neoplasm

A histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasm that affects the skin.


Metastatic Malignant Skin Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm of the skin that has spread to other anatomic sites.


Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Abnormalities of Chromosome 7

A rare acute myeloid leukemia that occurs in childhood and is characterized by deletion of chromosome 7.


Stage IB1 Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

Invasive cervical carcinoma with equal or more than 5 mm depth of stromal invasion, and less than 2 cm in greatest dimension. (FIGO 2018)


External Ear Pain

Painful sensation in the external ear region.


Fibrinogen Deficiency

A usually inherited blood coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of fibrinogen in the blood, resulting in bleeding.


Ampulla of Vater Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the ampulla of Vater and the periampullary region. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 10 HPF. According to the size of the malignant cells, the prominence of the nucleoli, and the amount of cytoplasm, it is classified either as small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.  Patients usually present with advanced stage disease.


Disseminated adenocarcinoma

Adenocarcinoma that is spread throughout the body.


Recurrent Endometrial Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


Unresectable Carcinoma

Carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Refractory Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


POLE-Ultramutated Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

An endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma characterized by mutations in the exonuclease domain of the DNA polymerase epsilon (POLE) gene that result in an ultra-mutated tumor phenotype.


Cartilaginous hamartoma

A hamartoma characterized by the presence of cartilaginous elements.


Hodgkin's disease nodular sclerosis stage I supradiaphragmatic


Oligodendroblastoma

An obsolete term referring to neoplasms arising from oligodendrocytes.


Recurrent Abdominal Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

The reemergence of an abdominal neuroendocrine neoplasm after a period of remission.


Advanced Sarcoma

A sarcoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Recurrent Adenovirus Infection

An adenovirus infection that has recurred after a period of remission.


Increased Colloid

Increase in the amount of colloid.


Vitreoretinal Disorder

A disorder affecting the vitreous fluid and retina.


Uterine Non-Neoplastic Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the uterine corpus or the cervix. Representative examples include endometritis, uterine adenomyosis, and cervicitis.


Delusional disorder, erotomanic type

A subtype of delusional disorder characterized by the central delusional theme that another person (usually one of higher status) is in love with the individual.


Stage IV Esophagus Carcinoma

Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. IVA: Any T, Any N, M1a. IVB: Any T, Any N, M1b.  M1: Distant Metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.) -2003


tubular adenoma of extrahepatic bile duct

An adenoma that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts.  It is characterized by the presence of a tubular pattern.


EBV-Related Malignant Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that develops in a patient infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and in which there is a well-documented association between the malignancy and EBV. Representative examples include EBV-related lymphomas and carcinomas.


Uterine Ligament Papillary Cystadenoma

A cystadenoma that arises from the broad or other uterine ligaments. It is characterized by the presence of small papillary projections in the inner surface of the cysts. It may be sporadic or associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease.


Stage IV Uterine Corpus Cancer

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4, Any N, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: Tumor invades bladder mucosa and/or bowel mucosa (bullous edema is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4).  M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis (includes metastasis to inguinal lymph nodes, intraperitoneal disease, or lung, liver, or bone.  It excludes metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes, vagina, pelvic serosa, or adnexa). This staging applies to carcinomas and carcinosarcomas. (AJCC 7th ed.)


neoplasm of optic tract

A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the optic tract.


Prostate Acinar Adenocarcinoma, Sarcomatoid Variant

A rare morphologic variant of acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland with unfavorable prognosis, composed of both malignant glandular and sarcomatous components.  The sarcomatous component contains a malignant spindle cell proliferation or specific mesenchymal elements including osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and leiomyosarcoma.


Malignant melanoma in giant pigmented nevus

A melanoma arising in a giant congenital melanocytic nevus. The risk of developing a melanoma in a giant congenital melanocytic nevus has been reported to be between 5% and 50%. The incidence of developing melanoma is higher before the age of 10 and in adult life.


Inner Restlessness

A feeling of unrest and/or an inability to feel calm or relaxed.


Early Disseminated Lyme Disease

An early stage of Lyme disease that may present days to weeks after a tick bite with relapsing signs of a red, concentrically-expanding rash (erythema migrans), facial palsy, meningismus, neuralgia, heart palpitations, and dizziness.


Pancreatic Delta Cell Adenoma

An endocrine neoplasm arising from the delta cells of the pancreas which produce somatostatin. It does not show evidence of vascular invasion or metastasis to other anatomic sites.


Transfusion hemosiderosis

Accumulation of iron in internal organs that results from repeated blood transfusions.


Cervical Adenocarcinoma In Situ

Stage 0 includes: (Tis, N0, M0). Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. FIGO no longer includes stage 0. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Microinvasive Malignant Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that has minimal stromal invasion.


Palsy of accessory nerve

Partial or complete paralysis of the spinal accessory nerve.


Advanced Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor

A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Muscle Invasive Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma

A bladder urothelial carcinoma invading into the bladder muscularis propria.


Neurasthenia

An episode of acute, severe anxiety or depression associated with an inability to function as normal.


Subcapsular renal hematoma

A collection of blood between the renal capsule and the renal parenchyma.


Non-Neoplastic Retroperitoneal Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the retroperitoneum.


Adenocarcinoma, metastatic

An adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Metastatic Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Immunodeficiency-Related Central Nervous System Lymphoma

A lymphoma that arises from the central nervous system in patients with acquired immunodeficiency conditions or rarely, hereditary immunodeficiency syndromes.


Ampulla of Vater Gangliocytic Paraganglioma

An extra-adrenal paraganglioma that arises from the ampulla of Vater and the periampullary region.  It consists of a mixture of neuroendocrine cells, Schwann-like cells, and ganglion cells.


Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia with CBFA2T3-GLIS2

A non-Down syndrome acute megakaryoblastic leukemia that occurs in childhood. It is associated with CBFA2T3-GLIS2 chimeric oncogene and has an unfavorable prognosis.


Desmoplastic trichilemmoma

A variant of tricholemmoma that is characterized by extensive sclerotic stroma formation.


Localized Malignant Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that is confined to a specific site without evidence of spread to other anatomic sites.


Non-Neoplastic Genitourinary System Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the genitourinary system.


Stage IIA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IIA includes: T2, N0, M0, G3.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. G3: Poorly differentiated.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Hyponatremia with Hypoosmolality

Abnormally low serum sodium levels in the setting of electrolyte/fluid imbalance. This condition may be the result of excessive intake or retention of water and/or excretion of salt.


Iodine deficiency

A deficiency of iodine in the diet.


Airsickness

A sensation of discomfort associated with air travel that may include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, or sweating.


Stage II Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: T3, N0, M0; IIB: T4a, N0, M0; IIC: T4b, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into the subserosa or the mesoappendix. T4a: Tumor invades through the visceral peritoneum, including the acellular mucin or mucinous epithelium involving the serosa of the appendix or serosa of the mesoappendix. T4b: Tumor directly invades or adheres to adjacent organs or structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Adenosis

Any disease or disorder of a gland, characterized by abnormal development or enlargement of the gland.


Metastatic Primary Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the central nervous system and has spread from its original site of growth to other sites.


Mild esophageal dysplasia

A lesion in which the architectural and cytologic abnormalities are confined to the lower half of the esophageal epithelium.  (WHO, 2000)


Prostate Acinar Adenocarcinoma, Microcystic Variant

A variant of acinar prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of microcystic foci in radical prostatectomy specimens.


Congenital stenosis of pulmonary artery

A congenital cardiovascular abnormality characterized by the narrowing of the lumen of the main pulmonary artery or its branches. It may be associated with other congenital heart malformations. Signs and symptoms include dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, fatigue, and edema.


AIDS-Related Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Pelvic inflammatory disease that develops in a patient with HIV/AIDS.


Stage I Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage I includes: IA: (T1, pN0, M0) and IB: (T1, cN0, M0).  T1: Primary tumor equal or less than 2 cm in size.  pN0: No regional lymph node metastasis by pathologic examination.  cN0: No regional lymph node metastasis by clinical examination.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th Ed.)


Hidroacanthoma simplex

A rare intraepidermal neoplasia that arises from the acrosyringial portion of the eccrine duct.


Lugano Classification Limited Stage Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Limited stage childhood Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages I, IE, II, and IIE. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


HPV-related carcinoma

A carcinoma associated with the presence of human papillomavirus infection.


Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of a gestational trophoblastic neoplasm according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This classification applies to the following neoplasms: invasive hydatidiform mole, gestational choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor, and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor. Complete and partial hydatidiform moles are not included in this classification. The current FIGO classification includes an anatomic stage designated by Roman numeral I, II, III, or IV, followed by the risk factor score expressed in Arabic numerals (e.g., Stage II: 4, Stage IV: 9).  (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Hodgkin's disease lymphocyte depletion type stage IV

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or isolated extralymphatic organ involvement in the absence of adjacent regional lymph node involvement, but in conjunction with disease in distant site(s); or any involvement of the liver or bone marrow, lungs (other than by direct extension from another site), or cerebrospinal fluid.


Stage I Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor AJCC v7

Stage I includes: (T1, M0, Risk factors: unknown); IA (T1, M0, Risk factors: low risk); IB (T1, M0, Risk factors: high risk).  T1: Tumor confined to uterus.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IIIA Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma involving lower one-third of the vagina. (FIGO 2009)


Stage III Ureter Cancer AJCC v7

Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades beyond muscularis into periureteric fat.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Peritoneal laceration

A cut or tear of the peritoneum.


Digestive System Hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from any part of the digestive system.


FancD2 Nuclear Foci Present

A laboratory test result indicating the presence of Fanconi anemia group D2 protein nuclear foci in cells, in response to DNA damage.


Malignant Esophageal Neoplasm by Topographic Region

Esophageal segments used primarily in pathology, and distinct from the anatomic segments used for clinical purposes.


Colorectal Cancer by Astler-Coller Stage


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage II Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Acidophil carcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic dyes.


Childhood Lymphocyte-Depleted Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma

Lymphocyte-depleted classic Hodgkin lymphoma occurring in childhood.


Transplant-Related Malignant Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises in a patient with a history of organ transplantation.


Clinical Stage III Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0-1, M0); (T4a, N0-1, M0). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma

Hodgkin lymphoma occurring in childhood.


Intracystic Papillary Breast Carcinoma

An intraductal breast carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth within a large cystic duct. There is no evidence of invasion of the breast parenchyma.


Metastatic Esophageal Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the esophagus and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Unresectable Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Extrahepatic Bile Duct Lymphoma

A lymphoma that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts, with the bulk of the disease located at this site.


Stage I Testicular Cancer AJCC v8

Stage I includes: pT1-T4, N0, M0, SX. pT1: Testicular cancer which is limited to testis (including rete testis invasion) without lymphovascular invasion. pT2: Testicular cancer which is limited to testis (including rete testis invasion) with lymphovascular invasion or invades hilar soft tissue or epididymis or penetrates visceral mesothelial layer covering the external surface of tunica albuginea with or without lymphovascular invasion. pT3: Testicular cancer in which the tumor invades spermatic cord with or without lymphovascular invasion. pT4: Testicular cancer in which the tumor invades scrotum with or without lymphovascular invasion. N0: Testicular cancer with no regional lymph node metastasis. M0: Testicular cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. SX: Marker studies not available or not performed. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Keratin-Filled Cyst

A cyst that contains keratin.


Myopathy Secondary to Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorder

A myopathy that was caused by a primary disorder of fatty acid oxidation.


NF1-Associated Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor

A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor that is associated with NF1 gene inactivation and a history of neurofibromatosis type 1.


Lugano Classification Stage IIE Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage IIE: Contiguous extralymphatic extension from a nodal site with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Dentophobia

A persistent, irrational fear of treatment, whether preventative or therapeutic, by a dentist, coupled with compulsive desire to avoid any such situation.


Grade 1 Teratoma

A teratoma that contains mature tissue elements and a limited amount of immature tissue elements.


Stage IIIC Vulvar Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIC includes: (T1/T2, N2c, M0).  T1: Invasive vulvar cancer confined to the vulva or perineum.  T2: Vulvar cancer with tumor of any size with extension to adjacent perineal structures (lower/distal 1/3 urethra, lower/distal 1/3 vagina, anal involvement).  N2c: Vulvar cancer with lymph node metastasis with extracapsular spread.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Low Leukocyte Count

A lower than average level of leukocytes in a sample.


Vaginal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A rare neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the vagina. This category includes small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.


Pathologic Stage IV Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: Any T, Tis, Any N, M1. Tis: Melanoma in situ. Thickness: Not applicable. Ulceration status: Not applicable. M1: Evidence of distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Hernia with Obstruction without Mention of Gangrene

The protrusion of an organ, or the fascia of an organ, through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it, which results in obstruction, without mention of necrosis of the herniated contents.


Viral gastroenteritis due to Rotavirus

Enteritis attributed to the rotavirus.


Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia

Proliferation of glandular epithelial cells associated with the presence of cytologic atypia and architectural growth pattern changes.


Rare Non-Neoplastic Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that is rare.


Stage IVC Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1c, Any G. M1c: Metastasis to sites other than peritoneum. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Recurrent Digestive System Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

The reemergence of a digestive system neuroendocrine neoplasm after a period of remission.


Cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman Disease

Rosai-Dorfman disease affecting the skin. It manifests with multiple papules, nodules, or plaques.


Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy neonatal

Injury to the central nervous system in the newborn period that occurs when there is insufficient delivery of oxygen to all or part of the brain.


Refractory T-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia

T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia that is resistant to treatment.


Locally Advanced Malignant Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Recurrent Mature T-Cell and NK-Cell Neoplasm

The reemergence of mature T-cell and NK-cell neoplasm after a period of remission.


Status Migrainosus

An episode of migraine that persists for more than 72 hours.


uterine cervical atrophy

A condition characterized by the absence of squamous maturation in the cervical epithelium. It is associated with decreased estrogen production.


Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma with Papillae


Stage IA1 Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IA1 includes: T1a1, Any N, M0. T1a1: Invasive cervical carcinoma with measured stromal invasion of 3.0 mm or less in depth and 7.0 mm or less in horizontal spread. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Severe Chronic Active EBV Infection

A severe form of chronic Epstein-Barr virus infection characterized by continued intermittent fever, lymphadenopathy, thrombocytopenia, lymphocytopenia, neutropenia, polyclonal gammopathy, and greatly elevated titers for antibodies to EBV-related antigens.


Metastatic Malignant Genitourinary System Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the genitourinary system and has metastasized to other anatomic sites.


Renal pelvis fistula

An abnormal communication between the renal pelvis and another anatomic site.


Metastatic Gallbladder Carcinoma

A gallbladder carcinoma that has spread from the original site of growth to other anatomic sites.


Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy, Intractable, without Status Epilepticus

Intractable juvenile myoclonic epilepsy which is not associated with an acute, prolonged epileptic crisis.


Adenocarcinoma gastric recurrent

The reemergence of gastric adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter-Associated Peritonitis

Infection of the peritoneum related to a peritoneal dialysis catheter.


Disseminated Listeriosis

A bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes in two or more non-contiguous sterile body compartments.


Superficial Epithelioma with Sebaceous Differentiation

A benign epithelial neoplasm occurring in the head, neck or back region. It is characterized by proliferation of basaloid cells in the upper dermis with broad attachments to the epidermis.


Refractory Anaplastic Ganglioglioma

Anaplastic ganglioglioma that is resistant to treatment.


Vaginal Warty Carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vagina and is characterized by a papillary growth pattern, hyperkeratosis, and koilocytosis.


Infection of peritoneal dialysis catheter

A local or systemic infection associated with the use of a peritoneal dialysis catheter.


Stage I Bone Cancer AJCC v8

Stage I includes: IA: (T1, N0, M0, G1 or GX); IB: (T2, N0, M0, G1 or GX); (T3, N0, M0, G1 or GX). T1: Tumor measuring 8 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 8 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Discontinuous tumors in the primary bone site. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G1: Well differentiated, low grade. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Human Papillomavirus-Independent Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A cervical squamous cell carcinoma not associated with human papillomavirus infection.


p53-Mutant Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

An endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of p53 gene mutations.


Tracheal web

A rare congenital or acquired abnormality characterized by the presence of a web-like thin layer of tissue that narrows the lumen of the trachea. It may result in wheezing, dyspnea, and respiratory failure.


Gastric hyperplastic polyp

A non-neoplastic polyp that arises from the stomach and is characterized by the presence of dilated gastric foveoli, edematous changes, and inflammation.


Extrapulmonary Small Cell Carcinoma

A small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from an anatomic site other than the lung.


Refractory Male Reproductive System Carcinoma

Male reproductive system carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Proliferative Inflammatory Atrophy

A lesion in the prostate gland characterized by glandular atrophy, chronic inflammation, and epithelial hyperplasia. It has been suggested that it is a precancerous lesion and it may lead to the development of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostatic carcinoma.


External hemorrhoids (disorder)

A hemorrhoid which originates below the dentate line.


Stage III Vulvar Cancer AJCC v7

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1/T2, N1a/N1b, M0); IIIB: (T1/T2, N2a/N2b, M0); IIIC: (T1/T2, N2c, M0).  T1: Invasive vulvar cancer confined to the vulva or perineum.  T2: Vulvar cancer with tumor of any size with extension to adjacent perineal structures (lower/distal 1/3 urethra, lower/distal 1/3 vagina, anal involvement).  N1a: Vulvar cancer with one or two lymph node metastasis each measuring 5 mm or less.  N1b: Vulvar cancer with one lymph node metastasis measuring 5 mm or greater.  N2a: Vulvar cancer with three or more lymph node metastases each measuring 5 mm or less.  N2b: Vulvar cancer with two or more lymph node metastases measuring 5 mm or greater.  N2c: Vulvar cancer with lymph node metastasis with extracapsular spread.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Recurrent Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


silent stroke

An asymptomatic cerebral infarction that was incidentally noted by T2 or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintensities on an MRI of the brain.


Refractory Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia

Acute myelomonocytic leukemia that does not respond to treatment.


Human Papillomavirus-Related Verrucous Carcinoma

A verrucous carcinoma that is associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection.


Stage IV Acral Lentiginous Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IV includes: (Any T, Any N, M1).  M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


Decreased CYBB Expression

An indication that the expression of CYBB is lower than the normal range of values.


Uterine Corpus Cancer by AJCC v6 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of uterine corpus cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


Non-Metastatic Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor

Gestational trophoblastic tumor that is confined to the site in which it initially manifested.


Preseptal cellulitis

An acute infection of the anterior portion of the eyelid and surrounding tissues.


Injury of phrenic nerve

Damage to the phrenic nerve.


Non-Neoplastic Endocrine Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the endocrine system.  Representative examples include diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, and adrenal gland insufficiency.


Uterine Corpus Non-Neoplastic Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the uterine corpus. Representative examples include endometritis and uterine adenomyosis.


Bone Tumor of Undefined Neoplastic Nature

A group of lesions that affect the bone and have the appearance and cytogenetic or molecular characteristics of neoplasms but the clinical behavior is suggestive of a non-neoplastic process.


Unresectable Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

Carcinoid tumor that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Metastatic Microsatellite Stable Endometrial Carcinoma

Microsatellite stable endometrial carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Borderline Primary Cutaneous CD30-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder


Childhood Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia with PML-RARA

An acute promyelocytic leukemia with PML-RARA fusion occurring in children.


Metastatic osteosarcoma

An osteosarcoma which has spread to another anatomical site.


Stage IB Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v7

Stage IB includes: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2a, N0, M0).  T1b: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring 1.0 mm or less in thickness, with ulceration or mitoses equal or more than 1/mm2. T2a: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring 1.01-2.0 mm in thickness, without ulceration.  N0: No regional lymph node metastases.  M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Tissue or Organ Disruption

A loss of structural integrity within a tissue or organ.


Recurrent Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma

The reemergence of Hodgkin lymphoma after a period of remission during childhood.


Iris vascular disorder

A vascular disorder or the iris.


Refractory Severe Aplastic Anemia

Severe aplastic anemia that is resistant to treatment.


Stage IIIA Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0.  T3a: Microscopic peritoneal metastasis outside the pelvis.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Pancreatic Intraductal Tubulopapillary Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma

A pancreatic intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasm characterized by the presence of an invasive carcinomatous component.  The invasive carcinoma has a tubular pattern.


Non-Infectious Gastroenterocolitis

An inflammatory disease of the stomach and intestines due to a non-infectious cause.


Adult Intracranial Meningioma

An intracranial meningioma that occurs during adulthood.


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage III Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T0-2, N1, M0); IIIB: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Non-Neoplastic Vascular Disorder

A term that includes all non-neoplastic vascular disorders.


Pulmonary Granuloma

A granuloma that is located in lung tissue.


Stage III Childhood Large Cell Lymphoma

Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm (III) that may also be accompanied by localized involvement of an extralymphatic organ or site (IIIE), by involvement of the spleen (IIIS), or both (IIIS+E). (from PDQ)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IV Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pancreatic Cancer by AJCC v6 and v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of exocrine and endocrine pancreatic cancer including well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th and 7th editions.


Recurrent Childhood Ependymoma

The reemergence of ependymoma in childhood after a period of remission.


Cardiac Mesenchymal Hamartoma

A benign soft tissue mass that involves the endocardium, myocardium, or epicardium. It is characterized by the presence of an admixture of mature mesenchymal tissues normally found within the heart.


Resectable Malignant Bone Neoplasm

Malignant bone neoplasm that is amenable to surgical resection.


Vascular Access Complication

Complications related to damage at the vascular access site. Examples include bleeding, formation of hematoma, aneurysm, pseudoaneurysm, or arteriovenous fistula, development of infection, and catheter thrombosis.


Stage IA Gastric Carcinoma

Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0.  T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Biliary Adenofibroma

A rare benign neoplasm that arises from the intrahepatic bile ducts.  It is characterized by the presence of biliary epithelial tissue and fibroblastic stroma.


Recurrent Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage

The reemergence of acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage after a period of remission.


Metastatic Intracranial Malignant Neoplasm

An intracranial malignant neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Distantly Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm

A malignant tumor that has spread from its original (primary) site of growth to another site distant from the primary site.


Iatrogenic Obesity

Obesity resulting from medical treatment or intervention.


Immunosuppressive Disorder

A disorder in which immune function is suppressed.


Rare Childhood Malignant Neoplasm

An infrequent malignant neoplasm that occurs during childhood.


Advanced Biliary Tract Carcinoma

Carcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic, hilar, extrahepatic bile ducts, cystic duct, or gallbladder and has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


FNCLCC Sarcoma Grade 2

A sarcoma with a total score of 4 or 5 according to the FNCLCC guidelines.


Thyroid-Binding Globulin Deficiency

Subnormal concentration of thyroid-binding globulin.


Malignant melanoma in precancerous melanosis

A melanoma arising from an atypical intraepithelial melanocytic hyperplasia.


Malignant Neoplasm with Regional Lymph Node Involvement

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to nearby lymph nodes.


Stage I Esophageal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage I includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: IA (T1, N0, M0, G1, GX, Tumor location: Any); IB (T1, N0, M0, G2-3, Tumor location: Any); (T2-3, N0, M0, G1, GX, Tumor location: Lower, X).  For adenocarcinoma: IA (T1, N0, M0, G1-2, X); IB (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2, GX).  T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1.  G2: Moderately differentiated.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Recurrent Childhood Astrocytic Tumor

The reemergence of a childhood astrocytic tumor after a period of remission.


Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells

A rare squamous cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of multinucleated non-neoplastic giant cells that resemble osteoclasts.


Job Strain

Negative physical or emotional health outcomes resulting from high job demands with low job decision latitude.


Stage IA Uterine Corpus Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0.  T1a: Tumor limited to the endometrium or invades less than one-half of the myometrium. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. This staging applies to carcinomas and carcinosarcomas. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Hodgkin's disease mixed cellularity stage IV

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or isolated extralymphatic organ involvement in the absence of adjacent regional lymph node involvement, but in conjunction with disease in distant site(s); or any involvement of the liver or bone marrow, lungs (other than by direct extension from another site), or cerebrospinal fluid.


Early Rheumatoid Arthritis

Recent diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (usually within one to two years of onset) during which treatment may be more effective and possibly improve the disease course.


Stage II Non-Contiguous Adult Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in association with regional lymph node involvement with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE).


Astler-Coller A Rectal Carcinoma

Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0) and (T2, N0, M0).  T1: Tumor invades submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Condyloma acuminata of cervix

A benign neoplasm that arises from the cervix. It is associated with human papillomavirus infection and is characterized by the presence of papillary structures with fibrovascular cores. The papillary structures are covered with stratified squamous epithelium. Koilocytosis is usually present.


Locally Advanced Urethral Urothelial Carcinoma

A urethral urothelial carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Stage I Bone Sarcoma AJCC v7

Stage I includes: IA (T1, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX); IB (T2, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX); (T3, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX).  T1: Tumor 8 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T2: Tumor more than 8 cm in greatest dimension.  T3: Discontinuous tumors in the primary bone site.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated-low grade.  G2: Moderately differentiated-low grade.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IIIA2 Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIA2 includes: T3a, N0/N1, M0. T3a: T3a: Fallopian tube cancer with microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Generalized morphea

A type of morphea characterized by four or more plaques found in two or more anatomic locations. The plaques are indurated, generally well-delineated, and may include muscle atrophy in affected areas; there is no visceral involvement.


Pathological dislocation of joint

A joint dislocation not due to trauma.


T-Cell Proliferation of Uncertain Malignant Potential

A T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with uncertain malignant potential. A representative example is lymphomatoid papulosis.


Sclerosing peritonitis

A rare peritoneal cavity disorder that is characterized by the development of dense fibrous tissue in the peritoneum and the creation of severe adhesions in the abdomen that result in partial or complete small bowel obstruction. It may be idiopathic or develop in patients who receive peritoneal dialysis treatment. Patients present with abdominal distention and pain.


COVID-19 Rash

A change in the appearance or texture of the skin that is associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19).


Ocular Foreign Body

External material that enters the eye.


B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic proliferation of B-lymphocytes.


Gallbladder Cancer by AJCC v6 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of gallbladder cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


Stage IV Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: IVA (T4, N0-1, M0); IVB (Any T, N2, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1).  T4: Tumor invades the main portal vein or hepatic artery, or invades two or more extrahepatic organs or structures.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastases to nodes along the cystic duct, common bile duct, hepatic artery, and/or portal vein. N2: Metastases to periaortic, pericaval, superior mesenteric artery, and/or celiac artery lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Monogenic Obesity

Obesity associated with an identifiable mutation in a single gene.


Fibrocartilaginous Mesenchymoma

A very rare, locally aggressive neoplasm arising from the bones, usually from the metaphysis of long tubular bones. It is composed of spindle cells, hyaline cartilage nodules, and trabeculae of bone. It may recur locally, but no metastases have been reported.


Stage II Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not extending onto the lower third of the vagina or to the pelvic wall. (FIGO 2009)


Chest Pain Along Right Midclavicular Line

The location of the chest pain is along the right midclavicular line.


Human Papillomavirus-Independent Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma not associated with human papillomavirus infection.


Stage III Carcinoma of Stomach

Stage III includes: IIIA (T2a/b, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N0, M0).  IIIB: (T3, N2, M0).  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in 1 to 6 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 7 to 15 regional lymph nodes. T2a: Tumor invades muscularis propria.  T2b: Tumor invades subserosa. T3: Tumor penetrates serosa (visceral peritoneum) without invasion of adjacent structures. T4: Tumor invades adjacent structures.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Refractory Anal Carcinoma

Anal carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


Refractory Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm

Malignant female reproductive system neoplasm that is resistant to treatment.


Stage II Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: T2a, N0, M0; IIB: T2b, N0, M0. T2a: Tumor invading the perimuscular connective tissue on the peritoneal side, without involvement of the serosa (visceral peritoneum). T2b: Tumor invading the perimuscular connective tissue on the hepatic side, with no extension into the liver. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Ampullary Noninvasive Papillary Neoplasm, Pancreatobiliary Type

An exophytic, preinvasive, papillary epithelial neoplasm that arises from the ampulla of Vater.  Histologically it resembles the papillary neoplasms of the biliary tree.  This category includes neoplasms with low grade dysplasia and high grade dysplasia.


Stage IVA Uterine Corpus Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IVA includes: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Tumor invades bladder mucosa and/or bowel mucosa (bullous edema is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4).  M0: No distant metastasis.  This staging applies to carcinomas and carcinosarcomas. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Drug Resistant Bacterial Infection

A bacterial infection that is resistant to antibiotics and antimicrobials.


Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

Pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Infective Phlebitis

Infection at the site of needle puncture or intravenous catheter placement due to poor aseptic techniques. It is characterized by erythema, pain, swelling, and induration at the catheter insertion site.


Bacterial tracheitis

Bacterial infectious process with formation of mucopurulent membranes affecting the trachea. Causative agents include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas, and Klebsiella.


Intermediate Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


Pre-Existing Organ Dysfunction

Organ dysfunction that was present prior to evaluation.


Atypical Endometriosis

A precancerous lesion characterized by the presence of atypical glandular epithelial features in foci of endometriosis. Atypical endometriosis has been observed in contiguity with carcinomas.


Stage III Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T4: Tumor invading adjacent organs (stomach, spleen, colon, adrenal gland) or the wall of large vessels (celiac axis or the superior mesenteric artery). N0: No regional lymph node involvement. N1: Regional lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Sarcoma with BCOR genetic alterations

A group of rare primitive round cell sarcomas characterized by the presence of BCOR genetic alterations. This category includes sarcomas with BCOR-related gene fusions, most frequently BCOR-CCNB3, and sarcomas showing internal tandem duplication (BCOR-ITD).


Stage IV Low-CSD Melanoma AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: (Any T, Any N, M1).  M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


Microsatellite Stable Endometrial Carcinoma

Endometrial carcinoma characterized by the absence of microsatellite instability.


Human Papillomavirus-Related Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva and is caused by human papillomavirus infection.


Non-Neoplastic Eyelid Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the eyelid.


carcinoma of lacrimal apparatus

A carcinoma that arises from the lacrimal gland or the lacrimal drainage system.


Prostate Adenocarcinoma with Paneth Cell-Like Neuroendocrine Differentiation

A prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of cells with eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules that are positive for neuroendocrine markers by immunohistochemistry.


Mediastinal Cyst

A fluid-filled, epithelium-lined cyst located in the mediastinum.


Increased Peak Drug Blood Concentration

Increased maximum (peak) concentration of a drug observed after its administration.


Stage IV Hodgkin Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or isolated extralymphatic organ involvement in the absence of adjacent regional lymph node involvement, but in conjunction with disease in distant site(s); or any involvement of the liver or bone marrow, lungs (other than by direct extension from another site), or cerebrospinal fluid.


Osteolytic Neoplasm

A neoplasm that involves bone destruction.


Clinical Stage IB Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage IB includes: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2a, N0, M0). T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Recurrent Malignant Neoplasm

The reemergence of a malignant neoplasm after a period of remission.


Umbilical Vasculitis

A neutrophilic infiltrate arising from fetal vessels of the umbilical cord into the umbilical vessel wall and oriented towards the amniotic cavity.


stage IV pancreatic cancer

A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Unresectable Paratesticular Malignant Mesothelioma

Paratesticular malignant mesothelioma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Dialysis Catheter Exit Site Infection

Local infection at the dialysis catheter exit site.


Giant Cell Epulis

A reactive localized proliferation of mononuclear cells and osteoclast-type giant cells in a vascular stroma outside bone. It occurs in the gingiva or alveolar mucosa. (WHO 2017)


Central Nervous System Carcinoma

A malignant tumor arising in the epithelial cells of the brain or spinal cord.


Vaginal cancer recurrent

The reemergence of vaginal carcinoma after a period of remission.


signet ring cell carcinoma of appendix

An adenocarcinoma arising from the appendix, characterized by the presence of signet-ring, mucin-producing malignant cells.  The signet-ring cells constitute more than fifty-percent of the malignant cells.


Refractory Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia

Acute biphenotypic leukemia that is resistant to treatment.


Genital Tract Fistula

An abnormal communication between the genital tract and another organ or anatomic structure.


Recurrent Primary Myelofibrosis

The reemergence of primary myelofibrosis after a period of remission.


Borderline Fallopian Tube Mucinous Tumor

A neoplasm of low malignant potential arising from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by an atypical proliferation of mucinous-type epithelial cells without evidence of stromal invasion.


Mucous Membrane Hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the mucous membranes.


Adenocarcinoma with apocrine metaplasia

An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by focal or extensive transformation of the malignant glandular cells to cells with abundant, usually granular eosinophilic cytoplasm.


Bladder Neurofibroma

A plexiform or diffuse neurofibroma arising from the bladder.


Stage IB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IB includes: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2, GX).  T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated.  G2: Moderately differentiated.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Locally Advanced Paraganglioma

A paraganglioma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Thymic Damage

Anatomic injury or physiologic dysfunction of the thymus gland.


Hyperactive Chest Appearance

Inspection of the region of the anterior surface of the chest and epigastrium reveals a highly or excessively active or hyperkinetic apical impulse.


Early Stage Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that has not spread beyond the pancreas.


Enzyme Deficiency

A finding in which there is a subnormal amount of an enzyme. Enzymes are proteins that are necessary in certain catabolic processes.


Recurrent Primary Malignant Neoplasm

The reemergence of a primary malignant neoplasm after a period of remission.


Chest Pain in Upper Sternum

The location of the chest pain is in the upper portion of the sternum.


regressing melanoma of skin

Cutaneous melanoma characterized by the disappearance of the melanoma cells from the primary tumor.


Refractory Metastatic Digestive System Carcinoma

A digestive system carcinoma that has metastasized to another anatomic site and is resistant to treatment.


Lymphoepithelial tumor of skin

A rare, poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. It is characterized by the presence of tumor cells islands surrounded and infiltrated by lymphocytes and plasma cells.


Advanced Primary Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the central nervous system and has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Stage II Bone Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: (T1, N0, M0, G2 or G3); IIB: (T2, N0, M0, G2 or G3). T1: Tumor measuring 8 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 8 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Moderately differentiated, high grade. G3: Poorly differentiated, high grade. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Oral Verruca Vulgaris

Verruca vulgaris in the lips and oral cavity.


Pathologic Stage II Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: (T2-3, N0, M0); IIB: (T4, N0, M0). T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on pathologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Refractory Human Papillomavirus-Related Malignant Neoplasm

Human papillomavirus-related malignant neoplasm that does not respond to treatment.


Implant Pain

Pain localized to the site of the implanted device.


Lymph Node Mass

A benign or malignant solid pathologic process involving a lymph node.


Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein Deficiency

Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia (CLAH) due to loss-of-function mutations in the STAR gene, resulting in decreased or absent production of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), which leads to deficient transport of cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane.


Uterine Corpus Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of uterine corpus cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to carcinomas and carcinosarcomas. It does not apply to uterine corpus sarcomas: leiomyosarcomas, endometrial stromal sarcomas, and adenosarcomas. These sarcomas are staged according to the classification for uterine corpus sarcomas. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Adult Pure Erythroid Leukemia

A pure erythroid leukemia occurring in adults.


Endometrioid carcinoma of prostate

A usually aggressive invasive adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland composed of large glands containing tall columnar cells.  The columnar cells have abundant cytoplasm and are reminiscent of endometrial carcinoma.  This type of adenocarcinoma has a tendency to metastasize to the lung and penis.


Stage IVA Bladder Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4b, N0, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1a). T4b: Extravesical tumor invades pelvic wall, abdominal wall. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Distant metastasis limited to lymph nodes beyond the common iliacs. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Uterine Fistula

An abnormal communication between the uterus and another organ.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to urinary system

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the urinary system from another anatomic site.


Nevus spider congenital

A type of telangiectasia, comprised of a central red spot with radiating, red extensions, that is present at the time of birth.


Polyp Tip

The distal end of a polyp.


Lugano Classification Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A staging system for adult Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Lugano classification criteria. Staging for adult Hodgkin lymphoma is the same as for the childhood counterpart. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Osteoclast-Rich Osteopetrosis

A form of osteopetrosis in which osteoclasts are abundant but have severely impaired resorptive function.


Stage II Renal Pelvis and Ureter Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to pancreas

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the pancreas from another anatomic site.  Representative examples include metastatic carcinomas from the gastrointestinal tract, metastatic melanomas, and renal cell carcinomas.


Recurrent Fallopian Tube Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of fallopian tube adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Bulky Mediastinal Mass

When the maximum width of a mass is equal or greater than one-third of the internal transverse diameter of the thorax at the level of T5/6 on a PA CXR. Bulk at an alternate site is defined as any mass measuring 10 cm or more by any imaging study.


Inflammatory fibroepithelial hyperplasia of oral mucous membrane caused by denture

A benign fibrous hyperplasia in the oral mucosa caused by the prolonged wear of ill-fitting denture.


Amegakaryocytosis

A non-neoplastic, congenital or non-congenital disorder charcaterized by marked reduction or absence of megakaryocytes and thrombocytopenia.


PSA Level Equal to Nadir Plus 2 ng/mL

A finding indicating that the blood concentration of prostate specific antigen in a subject's sample has increased by 2 ng/mL over the lowest value recorded for a sample from that subject.


Lugano Classification Stage II Adult Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Lacrimal Gland Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma

A rare, slow-growing carcinoma that arises from the lacrimal gland. It is characterized by the presence of duct-like structures lined by two layers of cells, an inner layer composed of epithelial-type cells and an outer layer composed of clear, myoepithelial-type cells.


FIGO Stage IA Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor


Increased Concomitant Drug Peak Blood Concentration

Increased maximum (peak) concentration of a concomitant drug observed after its administration.


Testicular Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

A rare well differentiated neuroendocrine  tumor (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the testis.


Adult Pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during adulthood.


Dedifferentiated liposarcoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage IVA Vulvar Cancer AJCC v6

Stage IVA includes: IVA (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, Any N, M0).  N2: Bilateral regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Stage IV Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma involving adjacent and distant organs. (FIGO 2009)


Abnormal Blood Gas Measurement

Arterial blood gas test results that are outside normal limits.


Secondary hemochromatosis

Hemochromatosis that is not inherited and is caused by iron overload from excessive consumption, multiple transfusions, or disorders of erythropoiesis.


Subarachnoid hematoma

A collection of blood into the space between the pia membrane and arachnoid membrane.


Astler-Coller C1 Rectal Carcinoma

Stage III includes: IIIA (T1-T2, N0, M0); IIIB (T3-T4, N1, M0); IIIC (Any T, N2, M0).  N1: Metastasis in 1 to 3 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 4 or more regional lymph nodes. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Stage IIIA Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v7

Stage IIIA includes: T4, N0, M0.  T4: Stomach/duodenum/ampulla/jejunum/ileum: tumor invades visceral peritoneum (serosa) or invades other organs or adjacent structures; colon or rectum: tumor invades peritoneum or other organs.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Cataract associated with radiation

A cataract resulting from exposure to radiation.


Intermediary Metabolism Disorder

An inborn metabolic disorder affecting the intermediary metabolism process. It results in accumulation of substances in the body that can cause acute or chronic intoxication.


Adverse effects

The term was used in various ways in the past, to describe unintended effects of medical intervention, usually negative (unfavourable), but also positive (favourable) ones. It is recommended that this term no longer be used and particularly should not be regarded as synonymous with adverse event or adverse reaction.


Childhood Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma

A pilomyxoid astrocytoma that occurs during childhood.


Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma

Hodgkin lymphoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Non-Neoplastic Peritoneal and Retroperitoneal Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the peritoneum and/or retroperitoneum.


Fetal Chorionic Vasculitis

A neutrophilic infiltrate arising from fetal vessels in the chorionic plate and oriented towards the amniotic cavity.


Low Calcium Level

A lower than average level of calcium in a sample.


Chest Pain Along Left Upper Sternal Border

The location of the chest pain is along the left upper border of the sternum.


Merkel Cell Carcinoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of Merkel cell carcinoma (primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma), following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.


Refractory Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


Gallbladder Infection

An acute or chronic infectious process affecting the gallbladder.


Hereditary Malignant Urinary System Neoplasm

A malignant urinary system neoplasm that has developed in relatives of patients with a history of malignant urinary system neoplasm.


Neoplasm of musculoskeletal system

A benign, intermediate, or malignant neoplasm that affects muscles and bones.


Low Grade Broad Ligament Serous Adenocarcinoma

A slow-growing serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the broad ligament. It is characterized by the presence of low grade cytologic features and infrequent mitotic figures.


Syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum

A sweat gland carcinoma usually arising from a pre-existing syringocystadenoma papilliferum.


Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Monoallelic Mutations of CEBPA

An acute myeloid leukemia with single mutations of the CEBPA gene.


Stage IB Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma measuring more than 5 mm in depth. (FIGO 2009)


Locally Advanced Pancreatobiliary Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas, bile ducts, gallbladder, or ampulla of Vater and has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Locally Advanced Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation

An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of focal or extensive neuroendocrine differentiation.


Cutaneous Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Langerhans cell histiocytosis that affects the skin. It manifests with skin papules and plaques.


Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle

An atypical proliferation of atypical melanocytes in the dermal-epidermal junction, without infiltration of the papillary or reticular dermis. The melanocytic proliferation is associated with actinic damage and epidermal atrophy.  It usually occurs in the sun-exposed skin of elderly people.  It is a form of melanoma in situ.


Malignant neoplasm of stomach stage I

Stage I includes: IA (T1, N0, M0); IB (T2, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0).  T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Radiating Chest Pain Along Right Anterior Axillary Line

The location of the radiating chest pain is along the right anterior axillary line.


Nontraumatic extradural hemorrhage

Bleeding into the epidural space that is not associated with physical trauma.


Stage I Hodgkin Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage I: Involvement of a single lymph node region (I); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in the absence of any lymph node involvement (IE) (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma).


Breast Adenolipoma

A breast hamartoma characterized by the presence of adipose tissue that contains entrapped glands.


Pathologic Stage IVB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation

An acute myeloid leukemia with maturation occurring in adults.


Tertiary Parathyroid Gland Hyperplasia

Parathyroid gland hyperplasia that results from progression of secondary hyperparathyroidism in which the parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone autonomously, despite the presence of elevated parathyroid hormone and calcium levels in the serum.


Adult Oligodendroglial Tumor

An oligodendroglial tumor of the central nervous system occurring in adults.


Tumor Mass

A benign or malignant pathologic structure in any part of the body, resulting from a neoplastic accumulation of cells.


Metastatic Mesonephric Adenocarcinoma

Mesonephric adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Locally Advanced Genitourinary System Carcinoma

A genitourinary system carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis

A cutaneous form of leishmaniasis which sometimes occurs after visceral leishmaniasis treatment.  It is characterized by hypo-pigmented macules, papules, plaques, nodules, or facial erythema; and is considered to be a durable infection reservoir for visceral leishmaniasis.


Oligoclonal Bands

The presence of more than one immunoglobulin band in the serum, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid. It usually results from infectious or immunologic disorders.


Vulvar Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of vulvar cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to all carcinomas of the vulva. Melanoma of the vulva is staged according to the classification for melanoma of the skin. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


IgA Monoclonal Gammopathy

An abnormal laboratory test result indicating the presence of IgA monoclonal immunoglobulin in the blood or urine.


Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumor G3

A well differentiated, high grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the digestive system. The Ki-67 index is higher than 20%.


Low lying placenta

A condition in which the placental edge is within 2 cm of but not covering the cervical os.


Refractory Prostate Adenocarcinoma

Prostate adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Metastatic Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma which has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Non dystrophic myotonia

A group of rare skeletal muscle ion-channel disorders caused by genetic mutations in the sodium and chloride channel genes. It is characterized by altered membrane excitability resulting in skeletal muscle stiffness. This group of myotonias is distinct from myotonic dystrophy because of the absence of systemic features or progressive weakness.


Traditional Serrated Adenoma

An adenoma that arises from the large intestine and the appendix.  It is characterized by prominent serration of the glands.


Acute on chronic graft-versus-host disease

Sudden decompensation of chronic graft versus host disease.


Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine neoplasm (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the gallbladder. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent.


Secondary malignant neoplasm of vulva

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the vulva from another anatomic site.


Stage IA Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IA includes: T1, pN0, M0.  T1: Primary tumor equal or less than 2 cm in size.  pN0: No regional lymph node metastasis by pathologic examination.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th Ed.)


Borderline Exocrine Pancreatic Neoplasm

A group of epithelial neoplasms that arise from the exocrine pancreatic tissue and have the potential to evolve into invasive malignant neoplasms.  This group includes the pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias, non-invasive pancreatic mucinous-cystic neoplasms, pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms, and pancreatic intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasms.


Metastatic Anal Canal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Anal canal squamous cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


S-Beta Thalassemia

A disorder characterized by the body's inability to synthesize beta-globin chains, leading to the formation of abnormal hemoglobin and anemia. This inherited autosomal recessive blood disorder is caused by germline mutation of the HBB gene.


Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11

An acute myeloid leukemia with t(16;16)(p13.1;q22) occurring in adults.


Stage IV Bone Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N0, M1a, Any G); IVB: (Any T, N1, Any M, Any G); (Any T, Any N, M1b, Any G). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M1a: Metastasis in the lung. M1b: Metastasis in the bone or other distant sites. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Carcinoma in situ of ampulla of Vater

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0.  Tis: Carcinoma in situ.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Stage IA Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor limited to the pancreas, 2 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Recurrent Endometrial Mixed Cell Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial mixed cell adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Seasickness

A sensation of discomfort associated with travel over water, which may include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, or sweating.


Urethral Condyloma Acuminatum

A sexually transmitted papillary neoplasm that arises from the epithelial surface of the urethra, and caused by the human papillomavirus.


Acquired Factor I Deficiency

An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of fibrinogen (factor I) activity in the blood.


Environmental and Occupational Exposure

The exposure to potentially harmful agents in the environment or to work-related environmental factors.


Body Temperature Associated Symptom

An alteration in body temperature outside the normal range.


Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst

A cyst that is located in the peritoneum and is lined by benign mesothelium.


Esophageal Cancer by AJCC v6 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of esophageal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


Well Differentiated Fibrosarcoma

A well-differentiated malignant neoplasm arising from the deep soft tissues.  It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation in a herringbone growth pattern.


Refractory Endometrial Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Luminal B Prostate Carcinoma

Prostate carcinoma associated with increased androgen receptor expression and signaling (androgen activity pathway), increased luminal markers, and a higher proliferation score than the luminal A prostate carcinoma. Patients with luminal B prostate carcinoma have the poorest prognosis but respond better to postoperative androgen deprivation therapy compared to patients with non-luminal B prostate carcinoma.


Intentional Trauma

An injury that is not the result of an accident or natural causes.


Toxic methemoglobinemia with cyanosis

Blue skin coloration due to elevated blood levels of methemoglobin. The degree of cyanosis is directly correlated to the concentration of methemoglobin in the blood. As methemoglobin is not suitable for carrying oxygen, hypoxemia becomes a serious sequela.


Metastatic Malignant Pancreatic Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the pancreas and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Pancreatic adenocarcinoma recurrent

The reemergence of pancreatic adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Peritoneal and Retroperitoneal Neoplasm

A benign or malignant, primary or metastatic neoplasm that affects the peritoneum and/or retroperitoneum.


Hodgkin's disease nodular sclerosis stage I subdiaphragmatic