anaerobic phenol-containing compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring, in the absence of oxygen.


lipoprotein localization to membrane

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A process in which a lipoprotein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in a membrane.


propanediol dehydratase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: propane-1,2-diol = H2O + propanal.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on X-H and Y-H to form an X-Y bond, with a disulfide as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which X-H and Y-H form X-Y and the acceptor is disulfide.


Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-4-dehydro-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-allose + NAD(P) <=> dTDP-(2R,6S)-6-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-4-olate + 2 H+ + NAD(P)H.


violaxanthin oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: violaxanthin + 2 O2 = 2 5,6-epoxy-3-hydroxy-9-apo-beta-caroten-9-one + 4,9-dimethyldodeca-2,4,6,8,10-pentaenedial.


transforming growth factor beta1 activation

The release of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) from its latent state.


dATP diphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dATP + H2O = dAMP + H+ + diphosphate.


arginine 2-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + O2 = 4-guanidinobutanamide + CO2 + H2O.


chitin-based larval cuticle pattern formation

The process that gives rise to the patterns of cell differentiation in the chitin-based larval cuticle. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


cellular response to vitamin B1

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B1 stimulus.


ribonuclease E activity

Catalysis of the cleavage of single-stranded RNA that is monophosphorylated at its 5'-end; cleavage occurs predominantly at 5 nucleotides from the 5'-end and in A + U-rich regions, and is blocked by the presence of a 5'-triphosphate group.


arginine decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + H+ = agmatine + CO2.


octopamine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octopamine, 1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-aminoethanol. The D enantiomer is about one-tenth as active as norepinephrine and is found in the salivary glands of Octopus and Eledone species.


GAG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GAG codon.


ABC-type sodium transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na(in) = ADP + phosphate + Na(out).


protein amidation

Addition of an amide group from a glycine to a protein amino acid.


hercynylcysteine sulfoxide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving hercynylcysteine sulfoxide.


somatic diversification of FREP-based immune receptors

The process that results in the generation of sequence diversity of the FREP-based immune receptors of snails.


lipo-chitin oligosaccharide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of lipo-chitin oligosaccharide from one side of a membrane to the other.


positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle involved in cellular response to nitrogen starvation

Any positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle that is involved in cellular response to nitrogen starvation.


[choline trimethylamine-lyase]-activating enzyme activity

Catalyzes the activation of choline trimethylamine-lyase by generation of an organic free radical on a glycine residue via a homolytic cleavage of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM).


disruption by virus of host JAK-STAT cascade via inhibition of host TYK2 activity

Any process in which a virus interferes with a JAK1-STAT signaling cascade in a host organism by reducing the activity of host TYK2 (tyrosine kinase 2). TYK2 is an intracellular signal-transducing tyrosine kinase that associates with the cytoplasmic tails of cytokine receptors and transmits the cytokine signal by phosphorylating receptor subunits.


suppression of blood coagulation in another organism

Any process in which an organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation in another organism. Blood coagulation is the sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot.


negative regulation of ovarian follicle development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ovarian follicle development.


convergent extension involved in nephron morphogenesis

The morphogenetic process in which the renal epithelium narrows along one axis and lengthens in a perpendicular axis that contributes to the shaping of a nephron.


response to fenofibrate

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fenofibrate stimulus.


catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = 2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde.


nitrobenzene 1,2-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: nitrobenzene + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + nitrite + catechol.


pilus organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a pilus, a short filamentous structure on a bacterial cell, flagella-like in structure and generally present in many copies.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of all-trans-neoxanthin.


indole-3-acetic acid amido synthetase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetic acid + an amino acid = an indole-3-acetic acid amide conjugate.


viral release via disruption of host peptidoglycan cell wall

The dissemination of mature viral particles from a host cell, caused by a virus hydrolyzing the peptidoglycan cell wall of the host organism. Peptidoglycans are any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls.


ureidoglycolate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-ureidoglycolate + NAD(P)+ = oxalureate + NAD(P)H + H+.


cellular response to abscisic acid stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abscisic acid stimulus.


response to anion stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of anion stress, an increase or decrease in the concentration of negatively charged ions in the environment.


ascaroside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ascaroside.


viral release via pore formation in host cell membrane

The dissemination of mature viral particles from a host cell via the formation by the virus of pores in its host cell membrane.


establishment of protein localization to extracellular region

The directed movement of a protein to a specific location within the extracellular region.


lacto-N-biosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + beta-D-Gal-(1,3)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1,3)-beta-D-Gal-(1,4)-D-Glc = beta-D-Gal-(1,4)-D-Glc + beta-D-Gal-(1,3)-D-GlcNAc.


interleukin-35 production

The appearance of interleukin-35 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


iron-cytochrome-c reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ferrocytochrome c + Fe3+ = ferricytochrome c + Fe2+.


6,7-dihydropteridine reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine = NADPH + H+ + 6,7-dihydropteridine.


Catalysis of the reaction: curcumin 4'-O-beta-D-gentiobioside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> curcumin 4'-O-beta-D-gentiotrioside + UDP + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: cholest-4-en-3-one + NADH + H+ + O2 = 26-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one + NAD+ + H2O. This reaction involves the hydroxylation of the C26 carbon, followed by oxidation of the alcohol to the carboxylic acid via the aldehyde intermediate.


myxococcal fruiting body development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myxococcal fruiting body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The process begins when myxococci respond to a lack of nutrients in the environment and ends when the myxococcal fruiting body is a mature structure.


protein C-terminal S-isoprenylcysteine carboxyl O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine methyl ester.


plant-type cell wall modification involved in stomatal movement

Any plant-type cell wall modification that is involved in stomatal movement.


hydroquinone 1,2-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: hydroquinone + O2 = cis,trans-4-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde.


The process of coupling phenylalanine to phenylalanyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


inulin fructotransferase (DFA-III-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: [(2->1)-beta-D-fructosyl](n) = [(2->1)-beta-D-fructosyl](n-1) + alpha-D-fructofuranose beta-D-fructofuranose 1,2':2,3'-dianhydride. This reaction is the production of alpha-D-fructofuranose beta-D-fructofuranose 1,2':2,3'-dianhydride (DFA III) by successively eliminating the diminishing (2->1)-beta-D-fructan (inulin) chain from the terminal D-fructosyl-D-fructosyl disaccharide.


negative regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the attachment of spindle microtubules to the kinetochore.


Catalysis of the reaction: a (3R,4R)-4,2'-dihydroxyisoflavan + NADP+ = a (3R)-2'-hydroxyisoflavanone + H+ + NADPH.


ADP-dependent NAD(P)H-hydrate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (6S)-6beta-hydroxy-1,4,5,6-tetrahydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide + ADP = AMP + 3 H+ + NADH + phosphate.


D-xylose transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of D-xylose from one side of a membrane to the other. D-xylose (the naturally occurring enantiomer is always D-) is a constituent of plant polysaccharides.


positive regulation of cellotriose metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellotriose metabolic process.


disruption by symbiont of host cell membrane

The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a host cellular membrane. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor stimulus.


establishment of thoracic bristle planar orientation

Orientation along the body surface of bristles, sensory organs originating from a sensory organ precursor cell, such that they all point in a uniform direction.


(1->6)-beta-D-glucan binding

Binding to (1->6)-beta-D-glucan.


2-methylcitrate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + oxaloacetate + propanoyl-CoA = (2R,3S)-2-methylcitrate + CoA + H+.


positive regulation of monocyte antigen processing and presentation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of monocyte antigen processing and presentation.


positive regulation of synaptic metaplasticity

A process that increases synaptic metaplasticity. Metaplasticity is a higher-order form of plasticity and is manifest as a change in the ability to induce subsequent synaptic plasticity that is the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require.


regulation of cellular process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.


positive regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte apoptotic process.


L-cysteine catabolic process to pyruvate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine into other compounds, including pyruvate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate + polyprenylpyrophosphate = dimethylmenaquinone + diphosphate + CO2.


negative regulation of phospholipase D activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipase D activity.


regulation of lymphatic vascular permeability

Any process that modulates the extent to which lymphatic vessels can be pervaded by fluid.


carnitinamidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-carnitinamide + H2O = (R)-carnitine + NH4.


intracellular borate homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of tetrahydroxoborate within a cell.


cellular response to papulacandin B

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a papulacandin B stimulus.


acetaldehyde catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetaldehyde, a colorless, flammable liquid intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol.


Catalysis of the reaction: genkwanin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> H+ + apigenin-7,4'-dimethyl ether + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 15,16-dihydrobiliverdin + oxidized ferredoxin = biliverdin IXa + reduced ferredoxin.


ACP-dependent peptidyl-lysine N6-myristoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl-[protein] + tetradecanoyl-[ACP] = H+ + holo-[ACP] + N(6)-tetradecanoyl-L-lysyl-[protein].


saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-glutamate-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-saccharopine + H2O + NADP+ = L-allysine + L-glutamate + H+ + NADPH.


endosperm development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endosperm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endosperm is formed during fertilization and provides nutrients to the developing embryo.


galacturonate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of galacturonate from one side of a membrane to the other. Galacturonate is the uronic acid formally derived from galactose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3-decaprenyl-4,5-dihydroxybenzoate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoate.


jasmonoyl-valine synthetase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-valine + ATP(4-) + a jasmonic acid <=> AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid + a jasmonoyl-valine.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-muramate + L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate = ADP + phosphate + UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate.


regulation of astrocyte activation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte activation.


catalytic activity, acting on a protein

Catalytic activity that acts to modify a protein.


adenylate cyclase-activating glucose-activated G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

An adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by glucose binding to its receptor on the surface of the target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


delta12-fatty-acid desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: oleoyl-CoA + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> linoleoyl-CoA + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor. This microsomal enzyme introduces a cis double bond at position 12 of fatty-acyl-CoAs that contain a cis double bond at position 9.


CoA pyrophosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: coenzyme A or its derivatives + H2O = 3',5'-ADP + 4'-phosphopantetheine.


isoprenoid diphosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the dephosphorylation of isoprenoid diphosphates.


cell proliferation involved in atrial ventricular junction remodeling

The multiplication or reproduction of cells that contributes to the reorganization of tissue resulting in the maturation of the atrial ventricular junction.


aromatic amino acid family biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan).


myelination of anterior lateral line nerve axons

The formation of compact myelin sheaths around the axons of the anterior lateral line nerve.


trichome papilla formation

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a trichome papilla.


short-day photoperiodism, flowering

A change from vegetative to reproductive phase as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light that falls short of the critical day length. The critical day length varies between species. Although the term is short-day is used, most species actually respond to the duration of the night, so that the response will occur when a period of darkness exceeds the number of hours defined by 24 minus the critical day length.


trehalase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of trehalose or a trehalose derivative.


renal system segmentation

The regionalization process that divides an the renal system into a series of segments along its proximal/distal axis.


response to stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation).


low-affinity zinc ion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Zn2+ = Zn2+, probably powered by proton motive force. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.


cellular aromatic compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic compounds, any organic compound characterized by one or more planar rings, each of which contains conjugated double bonds and delocalized pi electrons, as carried out by individual cells.


postsynapse organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a postsynapse.


negative regulation of L-tyrosine import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of L-tyrosine import into the cell.


pentitol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentitols, any alditol with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.


leaf shaping

The developmental process that pertains to the organization of a leaf in three-dimensional space once the structure has initially formed.


negative regulation of interleukin-35-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of an interleukin-35-mediated signaling pathway.


drought recovery

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of prolonged deprivation of water that restores that organism to a normal (non-stressed) condition.


negative regulation of intermediate mesodermal cell fate specification

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intermediate mesoderm cell fate specification.


negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway involved in digestive tract morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signaling pathway involved in digestive tract morphogenesis.


retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway involved in somitogenesis

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a retinoic acid receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands that contributes to somitogenesis.


3-aci-nitropropanoate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-aci-nitropropanoate + H2O + O2 = 3-oxopropanoate + H2O2 + nitrite.


skeletal muscle satellite cell commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a satellite cell.


maltose O-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + maltose = CoA + acetyl-maltose.


Catalysis of the reaction: Watasenia luciferin + O2 = oxidized Watasenia luciferin + CO2 + light.


pigment biosynthetic process involved in pigment accumulation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pigment, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, resulting in pigment accumulation.


regulation of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity.


negative regulation of glycine import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glycine import into a cell.


o-orsellinic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of o-orsellinic acid.


dextrin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of dextrin, any one, or the mixture, of the intermediate polysaccharides formed during the hydrolysis of starch, which are dextrorotatory, soluble in water, and precipitable in alcohol, from one side of a membrane to the other.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate + O2 + NADPH + 2 H+ = NADP+ + H2O + CO2 + 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene.


pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside 7-O-glucosyltransferase (feruloyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside + 1-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucose <=> pelargonidin 3,7-di-O-beta-D-glucoside + ferulate + H+.


negative stranded viral RNA transcription

A viral transcription process that uses negative stranded (-) single stranded (ss) RNA as a template.


negative regulation of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch.


Catalysis of the reaction:(+)-amorpha-4,11-diene + 3 O2 + 3 reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = (+)-artemisinate + 4 H+ + 4 H2O + 3 oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase].


protein localization

Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


red, far-red light phototransduction

The sequence of reactions within a cell required to convert absorbed photons from red or far-red light into a molecular signal; the red, far-red light range is defined as having a wavelength within the range 660-730 nm.


protein-FAD linkage via 1'-(8alpha-FAD)-L-histidine

The formation of a protein-FAD linkage via 1'-(8-alpha-FAD)-L-histidine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate + L-homocysteine = L-methionine + tetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate.


dibenzo-p-dioxin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA(4-).


positive regulation of ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus.


nicotinamide riboside metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide riboside, the product of the formation of a glycosidic bond between ribose and nicotinamide.


interleukin-15 production

The appearance of interleukin-15 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


regulation of cardiocyte differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiocyte differentiation.


retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic protein complex

Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by trans-synaptic protein complex.


structural constituent of chitin-based larval cuticle

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the chitin-based cuticle of a larva. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


DIBOA-glucoside oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: DIBOA-beta-D-glucoside + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate <=> TRIBOA-beta-D-glucoside + succinate + carbon dioxide.


sugar mediated signaling pathway

The process in which a change in the level of a mono- or disaccharide such as glucose, fructose or sucrose triggers the expression of genes controlling metabolic and developmental processes.


p-cumate 2,3-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: p-cumate + NADH + H+ + O2 = NAD+ + cis-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydro-p-cumate.


(S)-limonene 1,2-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (4S)-limonene + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + H2O + (4S)-limonene-1,2-epoxide.


methylglutamate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-methyl-L-glutamate + A + H2O = L-glutamate + AH(2) + formaldehyde.


maintenance of seed dormancy by absisic acid

The process by which seed dormancy is maintained by the presence of absisic acid.


vascular associated smooth muscle cell dedifferentiation

The process in which a vascular smooth muscle cell (a non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the blood vessels) loses the structural or functional features that characterize it in the mature organism, or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Under certain conditions, these cells can revert back to the features of the stem cells that were their ancestors.


glucan 1,4-beta-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4) linkages in (1->4)-beta-D-glucans, to remove successive glucose units.


abducens nucleus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the abducens nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


polysome binding

Binding to a polysome.


divinyl chlorophyllide a 8-vinyl-reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: chlorophyllide a + NADP+ = divinyl chlorophyllide a + NADPH + H+.


Catalysis of the hydroxylation of C-24 of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3) to form 24(R),25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-alkenylglycerophosphocholine + acyl-CoA = 1-alkenyl-2-acylglycerophosphocholine + CoA.


negative regulation of Schwann cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell differentiation.


tetrahydrodictyopterin binding

Binding to tetrahydrodictyopterin, the pterin 2-amino-6-[(1R,2R)-1,2-dihydroxypropyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridin-4(3H)-one.


endoribonuclease activity, cleaving siRNA-paired mRNA

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA in a double-stranded RNA molecule formed by the base pairing of an mRNA with an siRNA, yielding 5'-phosphomonoesters.


Catalysis of the reaction: N,N-dimethylaniline N-oxide = N-methylaniline + formaldehyde.


aspartoacylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a fatty acid anion + L-aspartate.


2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated phenoxy compound which functions as a systemic herbicide and is used to control many types of broadleaf weeds.


subpallium cell migration

The orderly movement of cells from one site to another in the subpallium.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (S)-coclaurine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (S)-N-methylcoclaurine.


positive regulation of starch metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of starch metabolic process.


Catalysis of the reaction: (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoA + H2O + acceptor = (24R,25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoA + reduced acceptor.


ovarian follicle endowment

Association of oocytes with supporting epithelial granulosa cells to form primordial follicles.


positive regulation of age-related resistance

Any process that activates or increases the extent of age-related resistance.


Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 oligosaccharide glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the exohydrolysis of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue in the mannosyl-oligosaccharide Glc(3)Man(9)GlcNAc(2).


fungal sorus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a fungal sorus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A fungal sorus is a spore containing structure.


5-methylcytosine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 5-methylcytosine, a methylated base of DNA.


maintenance of dense core granule location

Any process in which a dense core granule is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


hydrocarbon metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a hydrocarbon, a compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only.


Catalysis of the reaction: putrescine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate + 1-pyrroline + H2O.


(-)-isopiperitenone reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (6R)-isoperitenone + H+ + NADPH = (2R,5R)-isopulegone + NADP+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = 3-phospho-D-glycerate + alpha-D-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate + H+.


response to oomycetes

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from an oomycetes.


(+)-kotanin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving (+)-kotanin.


lupan-3beta,20-diol synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: lupan-3beta,20-diol <=> (S)-2,3-epoxysqualene + H2O.


negative regulation of the force of heart contraction

Any process that decreases the force of heart muscle contraction.


D-glycero-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a D-glycero-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.


benzoyl-CoA reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 ADP + cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA + oxidized ferredoxin + 2 phosphate = 2 ATP + 2 H2O + benzoyl-CoA + reduced ferredoxin.


trimethyllysine dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + N(6),N(6),N(6)-trimethyl-L-lysine + O2 = 3-hydroxy-N(6),N(6),N(6)-trimethyl-L-lysine + CO2 + succinate.


T cell anergy

Any process contributing to anergy in T cells, a state of functional inactivation which is part of T cell tolerance induction.


mitotic prometaphase

The cell cycle phase in higher eukaryotes which follows mitotic prophase and during which the nuclear envelope is disrupted and breaks into membrane vesicles, and the spindle microtubules enter the nuclear region. Kinetochores mature on each centromere and attach to some of the spindle microtubules. Kinetochore microtubules begin the process of aligning chromosomes in one plane halfway between the poles.


glycolytic fermentation to ethanol

The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose; it is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide (CO2), producing two molecules of ATP for each molecule of glucose.


Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-alpha-D-mannose(2-) + a (mannosyl)2-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)2-diphosphodolichol <=> H+ + GDP(3-) + a (mannosyl)3-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)2-diphosphodolichol.


pyrimidodiazepine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a pyrimidodiazepine + oxidized glutathione = 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin + 2 glutathione.


deep nuclear neuron cell migration

The directed movement of a deep nuclear neuron from the ventricular zone to the deep hindbrain nuclei.


negative regulation of anthocyanin catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anthocyanin catabolic process.


ABC-type ferric hydroxamate transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ferric-hydroxamate(out) = ADP + phosphate + ferric-hydroxamate(in).


response to prostaglandin I

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin I stimulus.


Atg12 ligase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of Atg12 to a substrate protein via the reaction X-Atg12 + S = X + S-Atg12, where X is either an E2 or E3 enzyme, the X-Atg12 linkage is a thioester bond, and the S-Atg12 linkage is an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal amino acid of Atg12 and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in the substrate.


proximal/distal pattern formation involved in mesonephric nephron development

The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis of a nephron in the mesonephros. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from the glomerulus (proximal end) outward toward the mesonephric duct (distal end).


positive regulation of lipid transport across blood-brain barrier

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lipid transport across blood-brain barrier.


synaptic membrane adhesion

The attachment of presynaptic membrane to postsynaptic membrane via adhesion molecules that are at least partially embedded in the plasma membrane.


box C/D RNA 5'-end processing

Any process involved in forming the mature 5' end of a box C/D RNA molecule.


regulation of granulosa cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of granulosa cell proliferation.


adhesion of symbiont infection structure to host

The attachment of an infection structure of the symbiont to its host via adhesion molecules, general stickiness etc., either directly or indirectly. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


singlet oxygen-mediated programmed cell death

Programmed cell death induced by singlet oxygen. Programmed cell death is the cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes.


dimethylamine dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: electron-transferring flavoprotein + H2O + dimethylamine = reduced electron-transferring flavoprotein + formaldehyde + methylamine.


cyanogenic glycoside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyanogenic glycosides, any glycoside containing a cyano group that is released as hydrocyanic acid on acid hydrolysis; such compounds occur in the kernels of various fruits.


D-alanine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of D-alanine from one side of a membrane to the other. D-alanine is the D-enantiomer of 2-aminopropanoic acid.


post-embryonic genitalia morphogenesis

The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the genitalia are generated and organized.


protein localization to vacuolar membrane

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a vacuolar membrane.


The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-15 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


regulation of retinal cone cell fate commitment

Any process that modulates the process in which a cell becomes committed to a retinal cone cell fate. Retinal cone cell fate commitment is the process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a retinal cone cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc-diphosphodolichol + GDP-alpha-D-mannose = alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc-diphosphodolichol + GDP + H+. This reaction is the transfer of an alpha-D-mannosyl residue from GDP-mannose into lipid-linked oligosaccharide, forming an alpha-(1->3)-D-mannosyl-D-mannose linkage.


beta-N-acetylgalactosaminidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues in N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminides.


tropomyosin kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + tropomyosin = ADP + O-phosphotropomyosin.


trialkylsulfonium hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a thioether bond, -S-.


esculetin glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: esculetin + UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) <=> esculin + UDP(3-) + H+.


regulation of tube diameter

Any process that modulates the diameter of a tube.


arsenate reductase (azurin) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + arsenite + 2 oxidized azurin = 2 H+ + 2 reduced azurin + arsenate.


cytosolic calcium signaling involved in initiation of cell movement in glial-mediated radial cell migration

The process that results in the fluctuations in intracellular calcium that are responsible for the initiation of movement as a component of the process of cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphatidylethanolamine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+ + phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine.


arabinoxylan-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an arabinoxylan.


[cytochrome c]-methionine S-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + [cytochrome c]-methionine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + [cytochrome c]-S-methyl-methionine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoA + propanoyl-CoA = 3-oxopristanoyl-CoA + CoA.


protein-phycoerythrobilin linkage via phycoerythrobilin-bis-L-cysteine

The linkage of the chromophore phycoerythrobilin to phycoerythrin via phycoerythrobilin-bis-L-cysteine.


envenomation resulting in modulation of complement activation, lectin pathway in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of complement activation via the lectin pathway in the bitten/stung organism.


cyanidin 3-O-glucoside-(2''-O-xyloside) 6''-O-acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-sambubioside + 4-coumaryl-CoA <=> cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-xylosyl) 6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside + coenzyme A.


reduced coenzyme F420 oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 reduced coenzyme F420 + O2 = 2 coenzyme F420 + 2 H2O.


UGG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UGG codon.


aspartyl esterase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an ester bond by a mechanism involving a catalytically active aspartic acid residue.


regulation of preblastoderm mitotic cell cycle

A cell cycle process that modulates the rate or extent of the progression through the preblastoderm mitotic cell cycle.


ribosylpyrimidine nucleosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an N-D-ribosylpyrimidine + H2O = D-ribose + a pyrimidine.


amino acid catabolic process to carboxylic acid via Ehrlich pathway

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce carboxylic acids with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of carboxylic acids, sometimes collectively referred to as fusel acids. Depending on the redox state of the cells, alcohol derivatives may be produced instead of carboxylic acids.


active monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other up the solute's concentration gradient. This is carried out by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction.


phosphocholine hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: protein-serine-choline phosphate + H2O = protein-serine + choline phosphate.


entry into host through the stromata

Entry of a symbiont into host plant tissue via the stromata, microscopic pores in the epidermis of the aerial parts of terrestrial plants. These pores are essential for photosynthesis, as they allow CO2 to diffuse into the plant. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


induction by symbiont of tumor or growth in host

The process in which a symbiont causes the formation of a mass of cells in a host organism. While these growths are often called nodules, they are not formed as nitrogen-fixing structures, but rather to provide an environment for the symbiont to grow. In this sense they are parasitic structures rather than mutualistic.


posterior lateral line nerve glial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a glial cell in the posterior lateral line nerve.


positive regulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity.


mesonephric juxtaglomerulus cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a mesonephric juxtaglomerulus cell.


dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (fumarate) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-dihydroorotate + fumarate = orotate + succinate.


beta-carotene 3-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: beta-carotene + a reduced electron acceptor + oxygen = beta-cryptoxanthin + an oxidized electron acceptor + H2O.


dimethyl sulfide monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dimethyl sulfide + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + methanethiol + formaldehyde.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 farnesyl diphosphate = diphosphate + presqualene diphosphate.


histidinol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-histidinol + NAD+ = L-histidine + NADH + H+.


ubiquinone biosynthetic process from chorismate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ubiquinone, beginning with the conversion of chorismate to 4-hydroxybenzoate.


8-oxo-(d)RTP hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 8-oxo-(d)RTP + H20 = 8-oxo-(d)RMP + diphosphate + H+.


CDP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of CDP, cytidine (5'-)diphosphate.


enzyme-linked receptor protein signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to a receptor on the surface of the target cell, where the receptor possesses catalytic activity or is closely associated with an enzyme such as a protein kinase, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


2',3'-cyclic GMP-AMP binding

Binding to 2',3' cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) nucleotide, a cyclic purine dinucleotide that consists of AMP and GMP units cyclized via 2',5' and 3',5' linkages.


negative regulation by symbiont of host intracellular transport

Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intracellular transport in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-dehydro-D-gluconate + NADP+ = 2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate + NADPH + H+.


SHREC complex localization

Any process in which a SHREC complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


negative regulation of neuroinflammatory response

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuroinflammatory response.


DNA-templated transcription

The synthesis of an RNA transcript from a DNA template.


protein histidine pros-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + protein L-histidine = ADP + protein N(pi)-phospho-L-histidine.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-succinyl-L-glutamate + H2O = L-glutamate + succinate.


prephenate(2-) metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving prephenate(2-).


negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell costimulation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell costimulation.


positive regulation of platelet formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of platelet formation.


regulation of fibroblast chemotaxis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast chemotaxis.


structural constituent of chromatin

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of chromatin.


emericellamide A catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of emericellamide A.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, with a quinone or similar compound as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a quinone or similar compound.


modulation by virus of host molecular function

The process in which a virus effects a change in the function of a host protein via a direct interaction.


regulation of collecting lymphatic vessel constriction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of collecting lymphatic vessel constriction.


epoxyqueuosine reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: epoxyqueuosine in tRNA + reductant = queuosine in tRNA + oxidised reductant.


regulation of signaling

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process.


(S)-carnitine 3-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-carnitine + NAD+ = 3-dehydrocarnitine + H+ + NADH.


beta-caryophyllene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-caryophyllene.


argininosuccinate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-citrulline + L-aspartate = AMP + diphosphate + (N(omega)-L-arginino)succinate.


dermal bone morphogenesis

The process in which bone which forms superficially in the organism are generated and organized.


regulation of interleukin-17-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-17-mediated signaling pathway.


response to dehydroepiandrosterone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dehydroepiandrosterone stimulus.


chimeric colonial development

Development a structure consisting of multiple co-operating unicellular organisms of the same species, involving cells of more that one genotype.


interleukin-25 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-25 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


chaeta development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a chaeta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A chaeta is a sensory multicellular cuticular outgrowth of a specifically differentiated cell.


p-coumaroyltriacetic acid lactone synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + 4-coumaryl-CoA + 3 malonyl-CoA( <=> p-coumaroyltriacetic acid lactone + 4 coenzyme A + 3 carbon dioxide.


negative regulation of iron export across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of export of iron ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region.


Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate + 4-hydroxybenzoate = 3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate + diphosphate.


rhombomere 1 formation

The process that gives rise to rhombomere 1. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order.


regulation of acylglycerol transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of acylglycerol transport.


capsorubin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving capsorubin.


hemocyte migration

The directed movement of a hemocyte within the embryo. Hemocytes are blood cells associated with a hemocoel (the cavity containing most of the major organs of the arthropod body) which are involved in defense and clotting of hemolymph, but not involved in transport of oxygen. In Drosophila, embryonic hemocytes originate from the head mesoderm as a cluster of cells. The cluster splits into two and one group of cells crosses the amnioserosa. Both populations then spread toward the middle of the embryo and then disperse evenly throughout the embryo.


aflatoxin reductase (coenzyme F420) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: aflatoxin + 1,5-dihydrocoenzyme F420 = aflatoxin with reduced furanocoumarin moiety + coenzyme F420. 1,5-dihydrocoenzyme F420 is also known as reduced coenzyme F420.


polymeric immunoglobulin binding

Binding to a J-chain-containing polymeric immunoglobulin of the IgA or IgM isotypes.


oocyte animal/vegetal axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the animal/vegetal axis in the oocyte. The animal/vegetal axis of an oocyte is defined by the placement of the nucleus in the oocyte and can sometimes be identified by the asymmetric placement of other substances such as yolk in the oocyte. The pole of the egg that is closest to the nucleus defines the animal end, with the axis passing through the nucleus.


candelabrum cell differentiation

The process in which neuroblasts acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature candelabrum cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a candelabrum cell fate. A candelabrum cell is an inhibitory GABAergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex.


regulation of L-tyrosine import across plasma membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of L-tyrosine import into the cell.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol.


cyclohexadienyl dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arogenate + NAD+ = L-tyrosine + NADH + CO2.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-dopa + O2 + H2O + H+ <=> 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + CO2 + NH(4)+ + H2O2.


positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development.


antennal joint morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the antennal joint are generated and organized.


tetraterpenoid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = D-tagatose 6-phosphate + NH3.


symbiont-mediated suppression of host receptor-mediated signal transduction

A process in which a virus interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a receptor-mediated signal transduction pathway in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell membrane depolarization

Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in the depolarizing direction away from the resting potential in a vascular smooth muscle cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine.


modulation of symbiont haustorium neck formation for entry into host

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont haustorium neck formation for entry into host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


nucleoside phosphotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleotide + a 2'-deoxynucleoside = a nucleoside + a 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-monophosphate.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by capillary fluid shift

The intrinsic circulatory process resulting from capillary fluid shift that modulates the force with which blood travels through the systemic arterial circulatory system. Capillary fluid shift is the movement of fluid across the capillary membrane between the blood and the interstitial fluid compartment.


violaceol II catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of violaceol II.


hindbrain formation

The process that gives rise to the hindbrain. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The hindbrain is the region consisting of the medulla, pons and cerebellum. Areas of the hindbrain control motor and autonomic functions.


R-linalool synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate + H2O = (R)-linalool + diphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: (2-aminoethyl)phosphonate + pyruvate = L-alanine + phosphonoacetaldehyde.


dihydromonapterin reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydromonapterin + NADPH = tetrahydromonapterin + NADP+.


regulation of raffinose metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving raffinose.


trifid subdivision of terminal units involved in ureteric bud branching

The process in which a ureteric bud splits into three units at its end.


Catalysis of the reaction: RMP + diphosphate = R + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.


cysteine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of cysteine from one side of a membrane to the other.


dermatan 6-sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + dermatan = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + dermatan 6'-sulfate.


gallate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gallate + H+ = CO2 + pyrogallol.


GTP cyclohydrolase IIa activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + 3 H2O = 2-amino-5-formylamino-6-(1-D-ribosylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one 5'-phosphate + 3 H+ + 2 phosphate.


positive regulation of maltoheptaose transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of maltoheptaose transport.


negative regulation of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to neutral pH

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to neutral pH.


S-nitrosoglutathione reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glutathione N-hydroxysulfenamide + NADH + H+ = S-nitrosoglutathione + NAD+.


nitrilotriacetate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrilotriacetate, an aminotricarboxylic acid that binds bivalent metal ions in a ratio of 1:1. As an important industrial chelating agent, NTA has been widely used for various radionuclide processing and decontamination procedures, such as textile, paper and pulp processing and water treatment.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-methylthioadenosine + phosphate = adenine + 5-methylthio-D-ribose 1-phosphate.


coniferin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving coniferin, 4-(3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil + 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + H2O = 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin + 2 5'-deoxyadenosine + 2 L-methionine + oxalate + ammonia + 4 H+.


type III interferon production

The appearance of type III interferon due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


sensory perception of cold stimulus

The series of events required for an organism to receive a cold temperature stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal.


pre-miRNA 3'-end processing

Any process involved in forming distinct miRNA isoforms from a mature miRNA that differ at their 3'-ends.


positive regulation of maltotetraose transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of maltotetraose transport.


lung proximal/distal axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the proximal/distal axis of the lung. The proximal/distal axis of the lung is defined by a line that runs from the trachea to the alveoli.


crying behavior

The behavior in which an organism sheds tears, often accompanied by non-verbal vocalizations and in response to external or internal stimuli.


retinol transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of retinol from one side of a membrane to the other. Retinol is vitamin A1, 2,6,6-trimethyl-1-(9'-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethylnona-1',3',5',7'-tetraenyl)cyclohex-1-ene, one of the three components that makes up vitamin A.


16S rRNA (guanine(966)-N(2))-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanosine(966) in 16S rRNA = N(2)-methylguanosine(966) in 16S rRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methylbutanol + NADP+ = 2-methylbutanal + NADPH + H+.


alpha-carotene epsilon hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-carotene + NADPH + O2 + H+ = alpha-cryptoxanthin + NADP+ + H2O.


rhamnose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose.


glycolytic process from glycerol

The glycolytic process in which glycerol is catabolized to pyruvate generating ATP and NADH.


regulation of basidiospore formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of basidiospore formation, a process in which a sexually produced fungal spore is formed on a basidium in the fungi Basidiomycetes.


dibasic protein processing

Any protein processing achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond after two basic amino acids within a protein.


erythromycin D 3''-o-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + erythromycin D <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + erythromycin B + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: DNA containing 5-methylcytosine + H2O = DNA with abasic site + 5-methylcytosine. This reaction is the hydrolysis of DNA by cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the DNA 5-methylcytosine and the deoxyribose sugar to remove the 5-methylcytosine, leaving an abasic site.


germ-band shortening

The spreading of the amnioserosa from its compressed state to cover the whole of the dorsal surface. Initiating in the thorax and spreading posteriorly, it is accompanied by the transition from a parasegmental to segmental division of the embryo.


ribosomal skipping

A translation process in which a specific viral peptide prevents the ribosome from covalently linking a new inserted amino acid, and lets it continue translation, thereby cleaving the nascent protein while allowing translation to continue.


ethylene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethylene (C2-H4, ethene), a simple hydrocarbon gas that can function in plants as a growth regulator.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2-propanediol + O2 = 4-hydroxyphenacyl alcohol + 4-hydroxybenzoate + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


CDP-alcohol phosphotransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a CDP-alcohol group from one compound to another.


wing cell fate specification

The process in which a cell in the larval wing imaginal disc becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a wing cell, if left in its normal environment.


The chemical reactions and pathways by which a purine deoxyribonucleoside is synthesized from another purine deoxyribonucleoside.


specification of posterior mesonephric tubule identity

The process in which the tubules of the posterior mesonephros acquire their identity.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sodium(out)+ malonate(out) = sodium(in) + malonate(in).


retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway involved in pronephros anterior/posterior pattern specification

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a retinoic acid receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands that results in the spatial identity of regions along the anterior-posterior axis of the pronephros.


acetone carboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetone + ATP + CO2 + 2 H2O = acetoacetate + AMP + 4 H+ + 2 phosphate.


positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle phase transition.


telium development

The process that leads to the development of a telium, which is a teliospore-bearing sorus of the rust fungi.


cerebellar neuron development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cerebellar neuron over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


negative regulation of Ran protein signal transduction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Ran protein signal transduction.


scyllo-inositol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: scyllo-inositol + NADP <=> 2,4,6/3,5-pentahydroxycyclohexanone + NADPH + H+.


negative regulation of FtsZ-dependent cytokinesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Ftsz-dependent cytokinesis.


positive regulation of axial mesodermal cell fate specification

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axial mesoderm cell fate specification.


epi-cedrol synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate + H2O = epi-cedrol + diphosphate.


transport of virus in multicellular host

The transport of a virus between cells in a multicellular organism. The cells can be adjacent or spatially separated (e.g. in different tissues or organs).


delphinidin 3-O-glucoside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, a basic, water-soluble anthocyanin responsible for blue coloration of flowers and fruits.


mitotic metaphase chromosome recapture

A mechanism to recapture 'lost' chromosomes (chromosomes which have become detached from the spindle) during metaphase of mitotic chromosome segregation. Chromosomes with unattached kinetochores are migrated along (non polar) spindle microtubules to the mitotic spindle pole body by a combination of microtubule depolymerisation and 'kinetochore sliding' (migration of the chromosome along the microtubule). The chromosome subsequently migrates along the polar spindle microtubule to the metaphase plate.


amino-acid racemase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an L-amino acid = a D-amino acid.


AGG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AGG codon.


JUN kinase kinase kinase kinase activity

Catalysis of the phosphorylation and activation of JUN kinase kinase kinases (JNKKKs).


negative regulation of cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of cell differentiation that contributes to the progression of the placenta over time, from its initial condition to its mature state.


positive regulation of floral organ abscission

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of floral organ shedding, the controlled shedding of floral organs.


regulation of synaptic scaling

A process that modulates synaptic scaling. Synaptic scaling is a form of synaptic plasticity, which entails uniform adjustments in the strength of all synapses on a cell in response to prolonged changes in the electrical activity of the cell.


ergosterol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ergosterol, (22E)-ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3-beta-ol, a sterol found in ergot, yeast and moulds.


recognition of pollen

A cell recognition process in which pollen is recognized and either accepted or rejected by cells in the stigma.


canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in stem cell proliferation

Any canonical Wnt signaling pathway that is involved in stem cell proliferation.


beta-alanine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine. It occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-O-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl]-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = 3-O-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)]-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl]-L-seryl-[protein] + H+ + UDP.


bacterial-type flagellum organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a bacterial-type flagellum, a motor complex composed of an extracellular helical protein filament coupled to a rotary motor embedded in the cell envelope which functions in cell motility.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the alpha-(1->4) linkage of the terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-mannose residues in alpha-D-mannosides.


methylglyoxal reductase (NADH-dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+ = methylglyoxal + NADH + H+.


D-glutamate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-glutamate, the D-enantiomer of the amino acid glutamate, i.e. (2R)-2-aminopentanedioic acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: 6-oxo-2-hydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA + H2O = 3-hydroxypimeloyl-CoA.


Catalysis of the reaction: glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donors, with a copper protein as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a phosphorus- or arsenic-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a copper protein.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of pectic acid from the non-reducing end, releasing digalacturonate.


dorsal spinal cord interneuron posterior axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a dorsal spinal cord interneuron is directed to a specific target site in the posterior direction along the anterior-posterior body axis in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism.


envenomation resulting in negative regulation of complement activation, classical pathway in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the negative regulation of complement activation via the classical pathway of the bitten/stung organism.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-glucose + vitexin = H+ + UDP + vitexin 2''-O-beta-D-glucoside.


metanephric cap specification

The process in which the metanephric cap acquires its identity.


regulation of exonuclease activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exonuclease activity.


rhombomere 2 morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 2 is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order.


mitochondrial tRNA 3'-end processing

The process in which the 3' end of a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to that of a mature tRNA in the mitochondrion.


telomere maintenance via base-excision repair

A telomere maintenance process that occurs by base-excision repair of telomeric DNA in response to DNA damage. Telomeric sequences are particularly susceptible to oxidative DNA damage, due to their G-rich nature.


quinate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving quinate, the anion of quinic acid. The acid occurs commonly in plants, either free or as esters, and is used as a medicine.


leg disc anterior/posterior lineage restriction

Formation and/or maintenance of a lineage boundary between anterior and posterior compartments of the leg disc that cells cannot cross, thus separating the populations of cells in each compartment.


limb granular cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an limb granular cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


bundle of His cell to Purkinje myocyte communication by electrical coupling

The process that mediates signaling interactions between a bundle of His cardiac muscle cell and a Purkinje myocyte by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + 2 a reduced ferredoxin + an oxidized thioredoxin = 2 an oxidized ferredoxin + a reduced thioredoxin, involving a 4Fe-4S cluster and an adjacent active-site disulfide.


cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-glucoside malonyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-glucoside + malonyl-CoA + H+ <=> cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-malonylglucoside + coenzyme A.


aliphatic aldoxime dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an aliphatic aldoxime = an aliphatic nitrile + H2O.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: arabinose(out) + H+(out) = arabinose(in) + H+(in).


positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).


negative regulation of arugosin biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of arugosin biosynthetic process.


spermidine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-aminopropanal-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + O2 + spermidine = 3-aminopropanal + H2O2 + putrescine.


structural constituent of postsynaptic intermediate filament cytoskeleton

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a postsynaptic intermediate filament cytoskeleton.


peptidyl-amino acid modification

The alteration of an amino acid residue in a peptide.


female analia morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the analia of the female are generated and organized. The analia is the posterior-most vertral appendage that develops from the genital disc. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


chitin-based cuticle attachment to epithelium

Attaching of a chitin-containing cuticle to the epithelium underlying it. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol:NAD(P)+ 3-dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-carboxy-5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3beta-ol + NAD(P) = 5alpha-cholesta-8-en-3-one + carbon dioxide + NAD(P)H.


Catalysis of the reaction N4-acetylcytidine +H2O = cytidine + acetate.


rhombomere structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the rhombomere structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates.


3-methyleneoxindole reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methyloxindole + NADP+ = 3-methyleneoxindole + H+ + NADPH.


neuronal dense core vesicle organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a neuronal dense core vesicle.


nucleobase:monoatomic cation symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nucleobase(out) + cation(out) = nucleobase(in) + cation(in).


Catalysis of the reaction: poly-cis-polyprenyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + a poly-cis-polyprenyl diphosphate longer by one C5 unit.


viral DNA genome packaging, 5' extended cos packaging

The encapsulation of the viral DNA genome within the capsid, which proceeds via cleavage of the viral DNA at specific sites to produce 5' protruding ends.


negative regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cells.


lipid hydroxylation

The covalent attachment of a hydroxyl group to one or more fatty acids in a lipid.


glutamate catabolic process to butyrate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including butyrate.


3-hydroxyaspartate aldolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (3R)-3-hydroxy-L-aspartate = glycine + glyoxylate.


positive regulation of hyphopodium formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont hyphopodium formation on or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to simvastatin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a simvastatin stimulus. Simvastatin is a statin used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.


positive regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of respiratory gaseous exchange.


protein autosumoylation

The sumoylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues, or residues on an identical protein.


polyacyltrehalose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyacyltrehalose, a pentaacylated, trehalose-based glycolipid.


prosthetic group biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a prosthetic group, the non-amino acid portion of certain protein molecules. Prosthetic groups may be inorganic or organic and are usually required for the biological activity of the protein.


brassinosteroid mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of brassinosteroid.


regulation of mesenchymal stem cell migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell migration.


negative regulation of zinc ion transmembrane import

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of zinc ion import.


phytoene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytoene.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene.


negative regulation of amine catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of amines.


stomach body smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the body of stomach. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The body of stomach is the part of the stomach that lies between the fundus above and the pyloric antrum below; its boundaries are poorly defined.


chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


monoacylglycerol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monoacylglycerol, any ester of glycerol in which any one of its hydroxyl groups has been acylated with a fatty acid, the other being non-esterified.


tRNA end turnover

The process in which the 3'-terminal CCA of a tRNA is removed and restored. This often happens to uncharged tRNA.


beta-lactam antibiotic biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a beta-lactam antibiotic, any member of a class of natural or semisynthetic antibiotics whose characteristic feature is a strained, four-membered beta-lactam ring. They include the penicillins and many of the cephalosporins.


miltiradiene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving miltiradiene.


Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GTP = diphosphate + GDP-D-glucose.


mesenchymal-endodermal cell signaling

Any process that mediates the transfer of information between a mesenchymal cell and an endodermal cell.


cyanidin 3-O-glucoside 7-O-glucosyltransferase (feruloyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + 1-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucose <=> cyanidin 3,7-di-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + ferulate + H+.


wing disc anterior/posterior pattern formation

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the anterior/posterior axis of the wing disc, a precursor to the wing.


suppression by symbiont of host phytoalexin production

Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phytoalexin production in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diol + NAD+ = NADH + H+ + 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone.


detection of high humidity

The series of events in which high humidity is detected and converted into a molecular signal.


ecdysis-triggering hormone receptor activity

Combining with ecdysis-triggering hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.


ACU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an ACU codon.


haltere morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a haltere are generated and organized.


brexanolone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of brexanolone.


lateral mesodermal cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a lateral mesoderm cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


all-trans-retinol binding

Binding to all-trans-retinol.


aliphatic nitrilase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: R-CN + H2O = R-COOH + NH3.


S-alkylthiohydroximate lyase activity

Catalysis of the conversion of a S-alkylthiohydroximate to a thiohydroximate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxycyclohexan-1-one + NADPH + O2 = 6-oxohexanoate + H2O + NADP+.


spermidine oxidase (propane-1,3-diamine-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + O2 + spermidine = 1,3-diaminopropane + 4-aminobutanal + H2O2.


lysine biosynthetic process via alpha-aminoadipate and N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine via the intermediates alpha-aminoadipic acid and N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipate. This pathway of prokaryotic lysine biosynthesis via alpha-aminoadipate was discovered in the hyper-thermophilic Gram-negative eubacterium Thermus thermophilus. The pathway proceeds as follows: alpha-ketoglutarate is converted to homocitrate, which is metabolized to 3-carboxyhex-2-enedioate and then homoisocitrate. This is then decarboxylated to form alpha-ketoadipate, which is then converted to alpha-aminoadipate. This undergoes acetylation, to form N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipate, and is then phosphorylated to give N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipyl-delta-phosphate. This is converted to N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipate semialdehyde, which is then converted to N2-acetyl-L-lysine. A final deacetylation reaction produces L-lysine.


ommatidial rotation

The process in which photoreceptors are arranged in ommatidia in the dorsal and ventral fields to be mirror images. The polarity is established in the imaginal discs concurrently with cell fate specification.


The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own aspartate amino acid residues, or an aspartate residue on an identical protein.


negative regulation of the force of heart contraction by chemical signal

Any process which decreases the force of heart muscle contraction mediated by chemical signaling, hormonal, autocrine or paracrine.


positive regulation of growth of unicellular organism as a thread of attached cells

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which cells remain attached after division and form thread-like filaments that may penetrate into a solid growth medium.


anther dehiscence

The dehiscence of an anther to release the pollen grains contained within it.


9-fluorenone-3,4-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 9-fluorenone + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 1-hydro-1,1a-dihydroxy-9-fluorenone.


aerobic sulfur oxidation

A sulfur oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by sulfur dioxygenase, and requires the presence of oxygen.


sulochrin oxidase [(-)-bisdechlorogeodin-forming] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + 2 sulochrin = 2 (2R)-bisdechlorogeodin + 2 H2O.


protein-tetrapyrrole linkage

The covalent linking of a tetrapyrrole to a protein.


epithelial cell proliferation involved in Malpighian tubule morphogenesis

The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population and contributing to the shaping of a Malpighian tubule.


N-cyclopropylammelide alkylamino hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-cyclopropylammelide + H2O = cyclopropylamine + cyanuric acid.


metanephric proximal convoluted tubule segment 1 development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the S1 portion of the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The S1 portion is the initial portion of the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule and is responsible for avid reabsorption of water and solutes.


box H/ACA RNA processing

Any process involved in the conversion of a primary box H/ACA type small RNA transcript into a mature box H/ACA RNA.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-palmitoylglycerol-3-phosphate + NADP+ = palmitoylglycerone phosphate + NADPH + H+.


The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a nitrogen (N) atom in an N-terminal cysteine residue to form N-palmitoyl-L-cysteine.


fatty acid methyl ester metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acid methyl ester.


glucocorticoid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol.


protein O-linked glycosylation via hydroxyproline

The glycosylation of proteins via 04 atom of hydroxyproline to form O4-glycosyl-L-hydroxyproline; the most common form is arabinofuranosyl-4-proline.


imaginal disc lineage restriction

Formation and/or maintenance of a lineage boundary between compartments in an imaginal disc that cells cannot cross, thus separating the populations of cells in each compartment.


regulation of biological quality

Any process that modulates a qualitative or quantitative trait of a biological quality. A biological quality is a measurable attribute of an organism or part of an organism, such as size, mass, shape, color, etc.


stalled ribosome sensor activity

A molecule that recognizes stalled ribosomes and initiates a signaling response.


intramolecular lyase activity

The catalysis of certain rearrangements of a molecule to break or form a ring.


positive regulation of homophilic cell adhesion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of homophilic cell adhesion.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + N6-(2-hydroxyisobutanoyl)-L-lysyl-[protein] = 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate + L-lysyl-[protein].


vanillin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoyl-CoA = acetyl-CoA + vanillin.


3,4-dihydroxybenzoate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.


DN3 thymocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a DN3 thymocyte. A DN3 thymocyte is a CD4-,CD8- thymocyte that is also CD44+,CD25+.


dihydrofolic acid binding

Binding to dihydrofolic acid, a folic acid in which the bicyclic pteridine structure is in the dihydro, partially reduced form; they are intermediates in folate metabolism and are reduced to their tetrahydro, reduced forms.


dissimilatory sulfate reduction

The reduction of sulfate to hydrogen sulfide, which acts as a terminal electron acceptor. Sulfate is activated to adenosine-phosphosulfate (APS) which is then reduced to sulfite, which is in turn reduced to hydrogen sulfide.


verbascose galactinol:ajugose galactosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: verbascose + alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-1D-myo-inositol <=> ajugose + myo-inositol.


regulation of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration.


behavioral response to wounding

A behavioral response resulting from wounding.


cellular response to nocodazole

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nocodazole stimulus.


Catalysis of the reactions: a 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + a 12'-apo-carotenal; 9-cis-violaxanthin + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + (3S,5R,6S)-5,6-epoxy-3-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-al; and 9'-cis-neoxanthin + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + (3S,5R,6R)-5,6-dihydroxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-al.


serine 3-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + NADP+ = L-alpha-formylglycine + 2 H+ + NADPH.


peripheral B cell tolerance induction

Tolerance induction of mature B cells in the peripheral lymphoid tissues: the blood, lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue.


wing disc dorsal/ventral pattern formation

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis of the wing disc, a precursor to the adult wing.


abietadiene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-copalyl diphosphate = (-)-abietadiene + diphosphate.


tropinone reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + pseudotropine = H+ + NADPH + tropinone.


cuticle development involved in collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle molting cycle

Synthesis and deposition of a collagen and cuticulin-based noncellular, hardened, or membranous secretion from an epithelial sheet, occurring as part of the molting cycle. An example of this process is found in Caenorhabditis elegans.


regulation of inositol biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of inositol biosynthetic process.


envenomation resulting in blood agglutination in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with specific proteins binding to cell-surface carbohydrates and causing calcium-dependent agglutination of blood cells in the bitten organism.


Enables the directed movement of lysophospholipids from one side of a membrane to the other. A lysophospholipid is a phospholipid that lacks one of its fatty acyl chains; it is an intermediate formed during digestion of dietary and biliary phospholipids.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methoxy-5-hydroxytoluene + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + 3,5-dimethoxytoluene + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


negative regulation of xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of xenobiotic transmembrane export. A xenobiotic is a compound foreign to the organim exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical.


L-gulonolactone oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-gulono-1,4-lactone + O2 = L-xylo-hex-3-ulonolactone + H2O2.


interleukin-33 production

The appearance of interleukin-33 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


dTDP-mannose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP-mannose, a substance composed of mannose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.


calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: calcidiol + H+ + NADPH + O2 = calcitriol + H2O + NADP+.


cell differentiation involved in pronephros development

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the pronephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


amphiregulin production

The appearance of amphiregulin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Amphiregulin (AREG) is a ligand of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a widely expressed transmembrane tyrosine kinase. AREG is synthesized as a membrane-anchored precursor protein that can engage in juxtacrine signaling on adjacent cells. Alternatively, after proteolytic processing by cell membrane proteases, mainly TACE/ADAM17, AREG is secreted and behaves as an autocrine or paracrine factor.


positive regulation of blood pressure in another organism

A process by which one organism increases the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system of another organism.


modulation by symbiont of abscisic acid levels in host

The alteration by an organism of the levels of abscisic acid in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


foraging behavior

Behavior by which an organism locates food.


regulation of intestinal epithelial cell development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal epithelial cell development.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-coumaroyl-CoA + a flavonol 3-O-[beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucoside] = CoA + a flavonol 3-O-[6-(4-coumaroyl)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucoside].


protein insertion into membrane raft

The process in which a protein is incorporated into a membrane raft. Membrane rafts are small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes.


cellobiose binding

Binding to cellobiose, a disaccharide that represents the basic repeating unit of cellulose.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginyl-[protein] + NAD+ = H+ + (ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-arginyl-[protein] + nicotinamide.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-methyl-3-aminomethylindole + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + gramine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via pentakis-L-cysteinyl L-histidino nickel tetrairon pentasulfide

The incorporation of iron into a nickel-iron-sulfur cluster via pentakis-L-cysteinyl L-histidino nickel tetrairon pentasulfide, found in carbon monoxide dehydrogenase.


somatic diversification of immune receptors by N region addition

The addition of variable numbers of random nucleotides by terminal deoxytransferase in the N regions of heavy chain immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes. N regions are found at the V-D, D-D, V-J, and D-J recombinational junctions, depending on the immune receptor gene.


myelination of lateral line nerve axons

The formation of compact myelin sheaths around the axons of a lateral line nerve.


gallate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid).


detection of pH by chemoreceptor signaling

The process in which information about the levels of hydrogen ions are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors.


pharynx morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the pharynx are generated and organized.


monoacylglycerol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving monoacylglycerol, any ester of glycerol in which any one of its hydroxyl groups has been acylated with a fatty acid, the other being non-esterified.


alpha-pinene lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-pinene = limonene.


amyloid-beta formation

The generation of amyloid-beta by cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP).


movement in host

The process in which an organism or its progeny spreads from one location to another within its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


peptidyl-histidine methylation

The methylation of peptidyl-L-histidine to form peptidyl-L-1'-methyl-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-methylhistidine, tele-methylhistidine) or peptidyl-L-3'-methyl-L-histidine (otherwise known as pi-methylhistidine, pros-methylhistidine).


regulation of cell wall integrity MAPK cascade

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of MAPK cascade involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis.


PSII associated light-harvesting complex II catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of one or more components of the light-harvesting complex of photosystem II.


extracellular ammonia-gated monoatomic ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular ammonia (NH3) has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + L-histidine = 3-(imidazol-5-yl)pyruvate + L-glutamate.


guanine salvage

Any process that generates guanine, 2-amino-6-hydroxypurine, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.


camalexin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving camalexin, an indole phytoalexin.


dimethylmaleate hydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (2R,3S)-2,3-dimethylmalate = dimethylmaleate + H2O.


monocyte homeostasis

The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of monocytes such that the total number of monocytes within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus.


positive regulation of egg-laying behavior

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oviposition.


GPCR sweet taste receptor activity

A G protein-coupled receptor activity that is responsible for the sense of sweet taste.


sulfur incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster

The incorporation of exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster.


cellular response to non-ionic osmotic stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of non-ionic solutes (e.g. mannitol, sorbitol) in the environment.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + tRNA containing uridine at position 54 + FADH + H+ = tetrahydrofolate + tRNA containing ribothymidine at position 54 + FAD+.


alpha-zeacarotene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alpha-zeacarotene.


D-leucine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-leucine.


regulation of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to starvation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to starvation.