Generalized morphea

A type of morphea characterized by four or more plaques found in two or more anatomic locations. The plaques are indurated, generally well-delineated, and may include muscle atrophy in affected areas; there is no visceral involvement.


Pathological dislocation of joint

biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:ThingWithTaxon

A joint dislocation not due to trauma.


T-Cell Proliferation of Uncertain Malignant Potential

A T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with uncertain malignant potential. A representative example is lymphomatoid papulosis.


Sclerosing peritonitis

A rare peritoneal cavity disorder that is characterized by the development of dense fibrous tissue in the peritoneum and the creation of severe adhesions in the abdomen that result in partial or complete small bowel obstruction. It may be idiopathic or develop in patients who receive peritoneal dialysis treatment. Patients present with abdominal distention and pain.


COVID-19 Rash

biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:ThingWithTaxon

A change in the appearance or texture of the skin that is associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19).


Ocular Foreign Body

External material that enters the eye.


B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic proliferation of B-lymphocytes.


Gallbladder Cancer by AJCC v6 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of gallbladder cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


Stage IV Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: IVA (T4, N0-1, M0); IVB (Any T, N2, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1).  T4: Tumor invades the main portal vein or hepatic artery, or invades two or more extrahepatic organs or structures.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastases to nodes along the cystic duct, common bile duct, hepatic artery, and/or portal vein. N2: Metastases to periaortic, pericaval, superior mesenteric artery, and/or celiac artery lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Monogenic Obesity

Obesity associated with an identifiable mutation in a single gene.


Fibrocartilaginous Mesenchymoma

A very rare, locally aggressive neoplasm arising from the bones, usually from the metaphysis of long tubular bones. It is composed of spindle cells, hyaline cartilage nodules, and trabeculae of bone. It may recur locally, but no metastases have been reported.


Stage II Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not extending onto the lower third of the vagina or to the pelvic wall. (FIGO 2009)


Chest Pain Along Right Midclavicular Line

The location of the chest pain is along the right midclavicular line.


Human Papillomavirus-Independent Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma not associated with human papillomavirus infection.


Stage III Carcinoma of Stomach

Stage III includes: IIIA (T2a/b, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N0, M0).  IIIB: (T3, N2, M0).  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in 1 to 6 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 7 to 15 regional lymph nodes. T2a: Tumor invades muscularis propria.  T2b: Tumor invades subserosa. T3: Tumor penetrates serosa (visceral peritoneum) without invasion of adjacent structures. T4: Tumor invades adjacent structures.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Refractory Anal Carcinoma

Anal carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


Refractory Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm

Malignant female reproductive system neoplasm that is resistant to treatment.


Stage II Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: T2a, N0, M0; IIB: T2b, N0, M0. T2a: Tumor invading the perimuscular connective tissue on the peritoneal side, without involvement of the serosa (visceral peritoneum). T2b: Tumor invading the perimuscular connective tissue on the hepatic side, with no extension into the liver. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Ampullary Noninvasive Papillary Neoplasm, Pancreatobiliary Type

An exophytic, preinvasive, papillary epithelial neoplasm that arises from the ampulla of Vater.  Histologically it resembles the papillary neoplasms of the biliary tree.  This category includes neoplasms with low grade dysplasia and high grade dysplasia.


Stage IVA Uterine Corpus Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IVA includes: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Tumor invades bladder mucosa and/or bowel mucosa (bullous edema is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4).  M0: No distant metastasis.  This staging applies to carcinomas and carcinosarcomas. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Drug Resistant Bacterial Infection

A bacterial infection that is resistant to antibiotics and antimicrobials.


Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

Pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Infective Phlebitis

Infection at the site of needle puncture or intravenous catheter placement due to poor aseptic techniques. It is characterized by erythema, pain, swelling, and induration at the catheter insertion site.


Bacterial tracheitis

Bacterial infectious process with formation of mucopurulent membranes affecting the trachea. Causative agents include Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas, and Klebsiella.


Intermediate Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


Pre-Existing Organ Dysfunction

Organ dysfunction that was present prior to evaluation.


Atypical Endometriosis

A precancerous lesion characterized by the presence of atypical glandular epithelial features in foci of endometriosis. Atypical endometriosis has been observed in contiguity with carcinomas.


Stage III Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T4: Tumor invading adjacent organs (stomach, spleen, colon, adrenal gland) or the wall of large vessels (celiac axis or the superior mesenteric artery). N0: No regional lymph node involvement. N1: Regional lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Sarcoma with BCOR genetic alterations

A group of rare primitive round cell sarcomas characterized by the presence of BCOR genetic alterations. This category includes sarcomas with BCOR-related gene fusions, most frequently BCOR-CCNB3, and sarcomas showing internal tandem duplication (BCOR-ITD).


Stage IV Low-CSD Melanoma AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: (Any T, Any N, M1).  M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


Unresectable Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma

Liver and intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Microsatellite Stable Endometrial Carcinoma

Endometrial carcinoma characterized by the absence of microsatellite instability.


Human Papillomavirus-Related Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva and is caused by human papillomavirus infection.


Non-Neoplastic Eyelid Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the eyelid.


carcinoma of lacrimal apparatus

A carcinoma that arises from the lacrimal gland or the lacrimal drainage system.


Prostate Adenocarcinoma with Paneth Cell-Like Neuroendocrine Differentiation

A prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of cells with eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules that are positive for neuroendocrine markers by immunohistochemistry.


Mediastinal Cyst

A fluid-filled, epithelium-lined cyst located in the mediastinum.


Increased Peak Drug Blood Concentration

Increased maximum (peak) concentration of a drug observed after its administration.


Stage IV Hodgkin Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or isolated extralymphatic organ involvement in the absence of adjacent regional lymph node involvement, but in conjunction with disease in distant site(s); or any involvement of the liver or bone marrow, lungs (other than by direct extension from another site), or cerebrospinal fluid.


Osteolytic Neoplasm

A neoplasm that involves bone destruction.


Clinical Stage IB Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage IB includes: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2a, N0, M0). T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Recurrent Malignant Neoplasm

The reemergence of a malignant neoplasm after a period of remission.


Central Nervous System Carcinoma

A malignant tumor arising in the epithelial cells of the brain or spinal cord.


Umbilical Vasculitis

A neutrophilic infiltrate arising from fetal vessels of the umbilical cord into the umbilical vessel wall and oriented towards the amniotic cavity.


stage IV pancreatic cancer

A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Unresectable Paratesticular Malignant Mesothelioma

Paratesticular malignant mesothelioma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Dialysis Catheter Exit Site Infection

Local infection at the dialysis catheter exit site.


Giant Cell Epulis

A reactive localized proliferation of mononuclear cells and osteoclast-type giant cells in a vascular stroma outside bone. It occurs in the gingiva or alveolar mucosa. (WHO 2017)


Vaginal cancer recurrent

The reemergence of vaginal carcinoma after a period of remission.


signet ring cell carcinoma of appendix

An adenocarcinoma arising from the appendix, characterized by the presence of signet-ring, mucin-producing malignant cells.  The signet-ring cells constitute more than fifty-percent of the malignant cells.


Refractory Acute Biphenotypic Leukemia

Acute biphenotypic leukemia that is resistant to treatment.


Genital Tract Fistula

An abnormal communication between the genital tract and another organ or anatomic structure.


Recurrent Primary Myelofibrosis

The reemergence of primary myelofibrosis after a period of remission.


Borderline Fallopian Tube Mucinous Tumor

A neoplasm of low malignant potential arising from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by an atypical proliferation of mucinous-type epithelial cells without evidence of stromal invasion.


Mucous Membrane Hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the mucous membranes.


Adenocarcinoma with apocrine metaplasia

An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by focal or extensive transformation of the malignant glandular cells to cells with abundant, usually granular eosinophilic cytoplasm.


Bladder Neurofibroma

A plexiform or diffuse neurofibroma arising from the bladder.


Stage IB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IB includes: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2, GX).  T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated.  G2: Moderately differentiated.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Locally Advanced Paraganglioma

A paraganglioma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Thymic Damage

Anatomic injury or physiologic dysfunction of the thymus gland.


Hyperactive Chest Appearance

Inspection of the region of the anterior surface of the chest and epigastrium reveals a highly or excessively active or hyperkinetic apical impulse.


Early Stage Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that has not spread beyond the pancreas.


Enzyme Deficiency

A finding in which there is a subnormal amount of an enzyme. Enzymes are proteins that are necessary in certain catabolic processes.


Recurrent Primary Malignant Neoplasm

The reemergence of a primary malignant neoplasm after a period of remission.


Chest Pain in Upper Sternum

The location of the chest pain is in the upper portion of the sternum.


regressing melanoma of skin

Cutaneous melanoma characterized by the disappearance of the melanoma cells from the primary tumor.


Refractory Metastatic Digestive System Carcinoma

A digestive system carcinoma that has metastasized to another anatomic site and is resistant to treatment.


Lymphoepithelial tumor of skin

A rare, poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. It is characterized by the presence of tumor cells islands surrounded and infiltrated by lymphocytes and plasma cells.


Advanced Primary Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the central nervous system and has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Stage II Bone Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: (T1, N0, M0, G2 or G3); IIB: (T2, N0, M0, G2 or G3). T1: Tumor measuring 8 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 8 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Moderately differentiated, high grade. G3: Poorly differentiated, high grade. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Oral Verruca Vulgaris

Verruca vulgaris in the lips and oral cavity.


Pathologic Stage II Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: (T2-3, N0, M0); IIB: (T4, N0, M0). T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on pathologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Refractory Human Papillomavirus-Related Malignant Neoplasm

Human papillomavirus-related malignant neoplasm that does not respond to treatment.


Implant Pain

Pain localized to the site of the implanted device.


Lymph Node Mass

A benign or malignant solid pathologic process involving a lymph node.


Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein Deficiency

Congenital lipoid adrenal hyperplasia (CLAH) due to loss-of-function mutations in the STAR gene, resulting in decreased or absent production of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), which leads to deficient transport of cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane.


Uterine Corpus Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of uterine corpus cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to carcinomas and carcinosarcomas. It does not apply to uterine corpus sarcomas: leiomyosarcomas, endometrial stromal sarcomas, and adenosarcomas. These sarcomas are staged according to the classification for uterine corpus sarcomas. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Adult Pure Erythroid Leukemia

A pure erythroid leukemia occurring in adults.


Endometrioid carcinoma of prostate

A usually aggressive invasive adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland composed of large glands containing tall columnar cells.  The columnar cells have abundant cytoplasm and are reminiscent of endometrial carcinoma.  This type of adenocarcinoma has a tendency to metastasize to the lung and penis.


Ann Arbor Stage I Supradiaphragmatic Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma


Stage IVA Bladder Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4b, N0, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1a). T4b: Extravesical tumor invades pelvic wall, abdominal wall. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Distant metastasis limited to lymph nodes beyond the common iliacs. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Osteoclast-Rich Osteopetrosis

A form of osteopetrosis in which osteoclasts are abundant but have severely impaired resorptive function.


Uterine Fistula

An abnormal communication between the uterus and another organ.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to urinary system

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the urinary system from another anatomic site.


Nevus spider congenital

A type of telangiectasia, comprised of a central red spot with radiating, red extensions, that is present at the time of birth.


Polyp Tip

The distal end of a polyp.


Lugano Classification Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A staging system for adult Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Lugano classification criteria. Staging for adult Hodgkin lymphoma is the same as for the childhood counterpart. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage II Renal Pelvis and Ureter Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to pancreas

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the pancreas from another anatomic site.  Representative examples include metastatic carcinomas from the gastrointestinal tract, metastatic melanomas, and renal cell carcinomas.


Recurrent Fallopian Tube Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of fallopian tube adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Bulky Mediastinal Mass

When the maximum width of a mass is equal or greater than one-third of the internal transverse diameter of the thorax at the level of T5/6 on a PA CXR. Bulk at an alternate site is defined as any mass measuring 10 cm or more by any imaging study.


Inflammatory fibroepithelial hyperplasia of oral mucous membrane caused by denture

A benign fibrous hyperplasia in the oral mucosa caused by the prolonged wear of ill-fitting denture.


Amegakaryocytosis

A non-neoplastic, congenital or non-congenital disorder charcaterized by marked reduction or absence of megakaryocytes and thrombocytopenia.


PSA Level Equal to Nadir Plus 2 ng/mL

A finding indicating that the blood concentration of prostate specific antigen in a subject's sample has increased by 2 ng/mL over the lowest value recorded for a sample from that subject.


Childhood Cystic Nephroma

A cystic nephroma that occurs in very young children.


Lugano Classification Stage II Adult Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Lacrimal Gland Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma

A rare, slow-growing carcinoma that arises from the lacrimal gland. It is characterized by the presence of duct-like structures lined by two layers of cells, an inner layer composed of epithelial-type cells and an outer layer composed of clear, myoepithelial-type cells.


FIGO Stage IA Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor


Increased Concomitant Drug Peak Blood Concentration

Increased maximum (peak) concentration of a concomitant drug observed after its administration.


Testicular Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

A rare well differentiated neuroendocrine  tumor (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the testis.


Adult Pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during adulthood.


Dedifferentiated liposarcoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage IVA Vulvar Cancer AJCC v6

Stage IVA includes: IVA (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, Any N, M0).  N2: Bilateral regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Stage IV Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma involving adjacent and distant organs. (FIGO 2009)


Abnormal Blood Gas Measurement

Arterial blood gas test results that are outside normal limits.


Ann Arbor Stage II Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in association with regional lymph node involvement with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE).


Secondary hemochromatosis

Hemochromatosis that is not inherited and is caused by iron overload from excessive consumption, multiple transfusions, or disorders of erythropoiesis.


Subarachnoid hematoma

A collection of blood into the space between the pia membrane and arachnoid membrane.


Astler-Coller C1 Rectal Carcinoma

Stage III includes: IIIA (T1-T2, N0, M0); IIIB (T3-T4, N1, M0); IIIC (Any T, N2, M0).  N1: Metastasis in 1 to 3 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 4 or more regional lymph nodes. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Stage IIIA Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v7

Stage IIIA includes: T4, N0, M0.  T4: Stomach/duodenum/ampulla/jejunum/ileum: tumor invades visceral peritoneum (serosa) or invades other organs or adjacent structures; colon or rectum: tumor invades peritoneum or other organs.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Cataract associated with radiation

A cataract resulting from exposure to radiation.


Intermediary Metabolism Disorder

An inborn metabolic disorder affecting the intermediary metabolism process. It results in accumulation of substances in the body that can cause acute or chronic intoxication.


Adverse effects

The term was used in various ways in the past, to describe unintended effects of medical intervention, usually negative (unfavourable), but also positive (favourable) ones. It is recommended that this term no longer be used and particularly should not be regarded as synonymous with adverse event or adverse reaction.


Childhood Pilomyxoid Astrocytoma

A pilomyxoid astrocytoma that occurs during childhood.


Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma

Hodgkin lymphoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Non-Neoplastic Peritoneal and Retroperitoneal Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the peritoneum and/or retroperitoneum.


Fetal Chorionic Vasculitis

A neutrophilic infiltrate arising from fetal vessels in the chorionic plate and oriented towards the amniotic cavity.


Low Calcium Level

A lower than average level of calcium in a sample.


Chest Pain Along Left Upper Sternal Border

The location of the chest pain is along the left upper border of the sternum.


Merkel Cell Carcinoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of Merkel cell carcinoma (primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma), following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.


Refractory Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


Gallbladder Infection

An acute or chronic infectious process affecting the gallbladder.


Hereditary Malignant Urinary System Neoplasm

A malignant urinary system neoplasm that has developed in relatives of patients with a history of malignant urinary system neoplasm.


Neoplasm of musculoskeletal system

A benign, intermediate, or malignant neoplasm that affects muscles and bones.


Low Grade Broad Ligament Serous Adenocarcinoma

A slow-growing serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the broad ligament. It is characterized by the presence of low grade cytologic features and infrequent mitotic figures.


Syringocystadenocarcinoma papilliferum

A sweat gland carcinoma usually arising from a pre-existing syringocystadenoma papilliferum.


Stage IB Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma measuring more than 5 mm in depth. (FIGO 2009)


Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Monoallelic Mutations of CEBPA

An acute myeloid leukemia with single mutations of the CEBPA gene.


Locally Advanced Pancreatobiliary Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas, bile ducts, gallbladder, or ampulla of Vater and has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Locally Advanced Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation

An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of focal or extensive neuroendocrine differentiation.


Cutaneous Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Langerhans cell histiocytosis that affects the skin. It manifests with skin papules and plaques.


Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle

An atypical proliferation of atypical melanocytes in the dermal-epidermal junction, without infiltration of the papillary or reticular dermis. The melanocytic proliferation is associated with actinic damage and epidermal atrophy.  It usually occurs in the sun-exposed skin of elderly people.  It is a form of melanoma in situ.


Malignant neoplasm of stomach stage I

Stage I includes: IA (T1, N0, M0); IB (T2, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0).  T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Radiating Chest Pain Along Right Anterior Axillary Line

The location of the radiating chest pain is along the right anterior axillary line.


Nontraumatic extradural hemorrhage

Bleeding into the epidural space that is not associated with physical trauma.


Poorly Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant pleomorphic cells forming solid patterns.


Stage I Hodgkin Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage I: Involvement of a single lymph node region (I); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in the absence of any lymph node involvement (IE) (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma).


Breast Adenolipoma

A breast hamartoma characterized by the presence of adipose tissue that contains entrapped glands.


Pathologic Stage IVB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation

An acute myeloid leukemia with maturation occurring in adults.


Tertiary Parathyroid Gland Hyperplasia

Parathyroid gland hyperplasia that results from progression of secondary hyperparathyroidism in which the parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone autonomously, despite the presence of elevated parathyroid hormone and calcium levels in the serum.


Adult Oligodendroglial Tumor

An oligodendroglial tumor of the central nervous system occurring in adults.


Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis

A cutaneous form of leishmaniasis which sometimes occurs after visceral leishmaniasis treatment.  It is characterized by hypo-pigmented macules, papules, plaques, nodules, or facial erythema; and is considered to be a durable infection reservoir for visceral leishmaniasis.


Tumor Mass

A benign or malignant pathologic structure in any part of the body, resulting from a neoplastic accumulation of cells.


Metastatic Mesonephric Adenocarcinoma

Mesonephric adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Locally Advanced Genitourinary System Carcinoma

A genitourinary system carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Oligoclonal Bands

The presence of more than one immunoglobulin band in the serum, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid. It usually results from infectious or immunologic disorders.


Vulvar Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of vulvar cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to all carcinomas of the vulva. Melanoma of the vulva is staged according to the classification for melanoma of the skin. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


IgA Monoclonal Gammopathy

An abnormal laboratory test result indicating the presence of IgA monoclonal immunoglobulin in the blood or urine.


Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumor G3

A well differentiated, high grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the digestive system. The Ki-67 index is higher than 20%.


Low lying placenta

A condition in which the placental edge is within 2 cm of but not covering the cervical os.


Refractory Prostate Adenocarcinoma

Prostate adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Metastatic Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma which has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Non dystrophic myotonia

A group of rare skeletal muscle ion-channel disorders caused by genetic mutations in the sodium and chloride channel genes. It is characterized by altered membrane excitability resulting in skeletal muscle stiffness. This group of myotonias is distinct from myotonic dystrophy because of the absence of systemic features or progressive weakness.


Traditional Serrated Adenoma

An adenoma that arises from the large intestine and the appendix.  It is characterized by prominent serration of the glands.


Acute on chronic graft-versus-host disease

Sudden decompensation of chronic graft versus host disease.


Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine neoplasm (carcinoid tumor) that arises from the gallbladder. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent.


Secondary malignant neoplasm of vulva

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the vulva from another anatomic site.


Stage IA Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IA includes: T1, pN0, M0.  T1: Primary tumor equal or less than 2 cm in size.  pN0: No regional lymph node metastasis by pathologic examination.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th Ed.)


Borderline Exocrine Pancreatic Neoplasm

A group of epithelial neoplasms that arise from the exocrine pancreatic tissue and have the potential to evolve into invasive malignant neoplasms.  This group includes the pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias, non-invasive pancreatic mucinous-cystic neoplasms, pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms, and pancreatic intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasms.


Metastatic Anal Canal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Anal canal squamous cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


S-Beta Thalassemia

A disorder characterized by the body's inability to synthesize beta-globin chains, leading to the formation of abnormal hemoglobin and anemia. This inherited autosomal recessive blood disorder is caused by germline mutation of the HBB gene.


Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(16;16)(p13.1;q22); CBFB-MYH11

An acute myeloid leukemia with t(16;16)(p13.1;q22) occurring in adults.


Stage IV Bone Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N0, M1a, Any G); IVB: (Any T, N1, Any M, Any G); (Any T, Any N, M1b, Any G). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M1a: Metastasis in the lung. M1b: Metastasis in the bone or other distant sites. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Carcinoma in situ of ampulla of Vater

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0.  Tis: Carcinoma in situ.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Stage IA Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor limited to the pancreas, 2 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Recurrent Endometrial Mixed Cell Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial mixed cell adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst

A cyst that is located in the peritoneum and is lined by benign mesothelium.


Seasickness

A sensation of discomfort associated with travel over water, which may include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, or sweating.


Urethral Condyloma Acuminatum

A sexually transmitted papillary neoplasm that arises from the epithelial surface of the urethra, and caused by the human papillomavirus.


Acquired Factor I Deficiency

An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of fibrinogen (factor I) activity in the blood.


Environmental and Occupational Exposure

The exposure to potentially harmful agents in the environment or to work-related environmental factors.


Body Temperature Associated Symptom

An alteration in body temperature outside the normal range.


Esophageal Cancer by AJCC v6 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of esophageal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


Well Differentiated Fibrosarcoma

A well-differentiated malignant neoplasm arising from the deep soft tissues.  It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and collagenous stroma formation in a herringbone growth pattern.


Refractory Endometrial Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Luminal B Prostate Carcinoma

Prostate carcinoma associated with increased androgen receptor expression and signaling (androgen activity pathway), increased luminal markers, and a higher proliferation score than the luminal A prostate carcinoma. Patients with luminal B prostate carcinoma have the poorest prognosis but respond better to postoperative androgen deprivation therapy compared to patients with non-luminal B prostate carcinoma.


Childhood Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma

A nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma occurring in children.


Intentional Trauma

An injury that is not the result of an accident or natural causes.


Metastatic Malignant Pancreatic Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the pancreas and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Toxic methemoglobinemia with cyanosis

Blue skin coloration due to elevated blood levels of methemoglobin. The degree of cyanosis is directly correlated to the concentration of methemoglobin in the blood. As methemoglobin is not suitable for carrying oxygen, hypoxemia becomes a serious sequela.


Pancreatic adenocarcinoma recurrent

The reemergence of pancreatic adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Peritoneal and Retroperitoneal Neoplasm

A benign or malignant, primary or metastatic neoplasm that affects the peritoneum and/or retroperitoneum.


Hodgkin's disease nodular sclerosis stage I subdiaphragmatic


acute myeloid leukemia with inv(3) (q21.3;q26.2) or t(3;3) (q21.3;q26.2)

An acute myeloid leukemia associated with inv(3)(q21.3q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2) resulting in the reposition of a distal GATA2 enhancer to activate MECOM expression. It may present de novo or follow a myelodysplastic syndrome. The clinical course is aggressive.


Clinical Stage 0 Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: High-grade dysplasia, defined as malignant cells confined to the epithelium by the basement membrane. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Psoriatic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

A category of juvenile idiopathic arthritis defined by the presence of arthritis with a personal or family history of psoriasis, and features such as dactylitis and nail dystrophy.


Hepatic Thrombosis

Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the lumen of the veins in the liver or hepatic artery.


Non-Neoplastic Soft Tissue Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the soft tissue.


Hyperplasia of pituitary gland

A rare condition characterized by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the pituitary gland. It is caused by hypersecretion of hypothalamic stimulating hormones.


Recurrent Malignant Skin Neoplasm

Reemergence of a malignant skin neoplasm after a period of remission.


Recurrent Malignant Scrotal Neoplasm

The reemergence of a malignant scrotal neoplasm after a period of remission.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to esophagus

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the esophagus from another organ or system, or from another primary esophageal tumor. The primary esophageal tumor is not in continuity with the metastatic lesion. Representative examples of metastatic cancers to the esophagus include breast and lung metastatic carcinomas and melanomas.


Adenomatosis, Pulmonary

This is a non-human neoplastic process described in sheep.


cell-associated neurotoxicity

Neurotoxicity associated with immune effector cell therapy. It may be characterized by aphasia, altered level of consciousness, motor weakness, seizures, and cerebral edema.


Recurrent Visual Pathway Glioma

The reemergence of visual pathway glioma after a period of remission.


Stage IIIB Prostate Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: T3-4, N0, M0, PSA: Any, Grade Group 1-4; T3: Prostate cancer with extraprostatic tumor that is not fixed or does not invade adjacent structures. T4: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is fixed or invades adjacent structures other than seminal vesicles such as external sphincter, rectum, bladder, levator muscles, and/or pelvic wall. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. Grade Group 1: Gleason Score 6 or less, Gleason Pattern 3 or less+3. Grade Group 2: Gleason Score 7, Gleason Pattern 3+4. Grade Group 3: Gleason Score 7, Gleason Pattern 4+3. Grade Group 4: Gleason Score 8, Gleason Pattern 4+4. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Locally Advanced Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Invasive Pancreatic Micropapillary Adenocarcinoma

An invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of clusters of malignant cells located within artifactual clear stromal spaces.


Cutaneous T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma

T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma that arises from the skin.


Recurrent Endometrial Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial mucinous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Subphrenic Abscess

An abscess that is located in the anatomical space between the diaphragm and the liver and/or spleen.


Stage III Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma involving lower vagina, pelvic sidewall, and ureters. (FIGO 2009)


Recurrent Digestive System Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

The reemergence of a neuroendocrine carcinoma in any part of the digestive system after a period of remission.


Clonal Cytopenia of Undetermined Significance

Clinically meaningful cytopenia in one or more hematopoietic cell lineages. Clonal hematopoiesis is present with the variant allele frequency (VAF) equal or more that 2 percent. There is no other evidence of hematologic malignancy.


Stage IB2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IB2 includes: T1b2, N0, M0. T1b2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm and equal or less than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Sickening Pain

A sensation of discomfort or distress that makes the individual queasy or nauseated.


Refractory HIV-Related Lymphoproliferative Disorder

HIV-associated lymphoproliferative disorder that is resistant to treatment.


Refractory Barrett Esophagus

Dysplasia in Barrett esophagus that is resistant to treatment.


Advanced Merkel Cell Carcinoma

A Merkel cell carcinoma that has metastasized from its original site of growth to distal anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Intermediate Osteogenic Neoplasm

A non-metastasizing, locally aggressive, bone-forming neoplasm.


Malignant Lymphoma, Large Cell, Cleaved and Non-Cleaved

Antiquated term describing follicular (nodular) or diffuse non-Hodgkin lymphomas that are composed of a mixture of large cells: large cleaved cells, with irregular nuclei without visible nucleoli; and large non-cleaved cells (centroblasts), having a rounder nucleus with two to three small, peripherally placed nucleoli and a small amount of basophilic cytoplasm.  The follicular variants represent mature B-cell lymphomas, whereas the diffuse variants can be either mature B- or mature T-cell lymphomas.


Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy

A self-limiting cutaneous vasculitis that typically presents as a clinical triad of purpura, edema, and fever in children between the ages of four months and two years old. It is usually associated with a recent history of upper respiratory infection and/or antibiotic therapy.


A reactive cutaneous proliferation of macrophages associated with local trauma. It is characterized by the presence of giant cells with ground-glass cytoplasm. It presents as a single, asymptomatic, cutaneous or mucosal, firm xanthomatous to dark-red papule or nodule. (WHO 2018)


Adult Erythroleukemia

An erythroleukemia occurring in adults.


Cutaneous Precursor Lymphoid Neoplasm

A precursor lymphoid neoplasm that arises from the skin.


Tearing Chest Pain

The sensation of chest pain described as a sharp, lacerating, intense, discomfort; sometimes used to describe the pain felt during an aortic dissection.


Stage IIIA Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Tumor involving the lower third of vagina but not extending to pelvic wall. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Lymphangioma of liver

A rare lymphangioma that arises from the liver.  It usually occurs in children and adolescents.


Metastatic sarcoma

A sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Stage IIIB Ampulla of Vater Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: (T4, Any N, M0); (Any T, N2, M0). T4: Tumor involving the celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery, and/or common hepatic artery, irrespective of size. N2: Metastasis to four or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IA1 Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma measuring equal or less than 3 mm in depth. (FIGO 2009)


Unresectable Liposarcoma

A liposarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage II Ampulla of Vater Cancer AJCC v7

Stage II includes: IIA (T3, N0, M0); IIB (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0).  T3: Tumor invades the pancreas.  T1: Tumor limited to ampulla of Vater or sphincter of Oddi.  T2: Tumor invades the duodenal wall.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Teratoma with Endocrine Differentiation

A teratoma that arises outside an endocrine organ and shows endocrine differentiation. The endocrine component ranges from benign endocrine tissue to malignant endocrine neoplasms. This category includes struma ovarii, thyroid carcinoma arising in struma ovarii, and carcinoid tumor arising in ovarian teratoma.


Injury of adrenal gland

Trauma to the adrenal gland.


T-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia, Small Cell Variant

A T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia characterized by the presence of small neoplastic prolymphocytes often with invisible nucleolus by light microscopy.


Advanced Anal Carcinoma

Anal carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Refractory Myeloproliferative Neoplasm

A myeloproliferative neoplasm that does not respond to treatment.


Immune Dysregulation Disorder

A group of autoimmune disorders characterized by defects in self-tolerance (central or peripheral) resulting in autoimmune disease with or without recurrent infections, comprised by: Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) syndromes; FHL syndromes with hypopigmentation; Regulatory T cell (Treg) defects (eg, IPEX); Autoimmunity with or without lymphoproliferation (eg, autoimmune polyendocrinopathy with candidiasis and ectodermal dystrophy [APECED]); Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS); Immune dysregulation with colitis; and Susceptibility to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and lymphoproliferative conditions.


Stage III Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm and 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T4: Tumor involving the celiac axis, superior mesenteric artery, and/or common hepatic artery, regardless of size. N2: Metastasis in four or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage I Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage I: Involvement of a single lymph node region (I); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in the absence of any lymph node involvement (IE) (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma).


Frontal Lobe Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma

An anaplastic oligodendroglioma occurring in the frontal lobe.


Ann Arbor Stage II Supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the superior side of the diaphragm (II) or localized involvement of a single associated extralymphatic organ or site and its regional lymph node(s) with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE). Note: The number of lymph node regions involved may be indicated by a subscript.


Injury of bladder

Trauma to the bladder.


A non-invasive neoplastic process that affects the epithelium of any part of the digestive system.  It is characterized by the presence of morphologic features of dysplasia (e.g., architectural and cytological epithelial alterations) or, in a minority of cases, lack of such morphologic features, as in colonic sessile serrated adenomas/polyps.


Prostatic Atypical Adenomatous Hyperplasia

A prostatic hyperplasia characterized by the presence of crowded adenomatous epithelial nodules.


Genitourinary malfunction arising from mental factors

A dysfunction in genitourinary function that is due to a psychological process.


Mixed acinar-ductal carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas showing either extensive mucin accumulation and acinar neoplastic cells or a mixture of columnar or signet-ring cells and acinar neoplastic cells.


Erythema toxicum neonatorum

A benign, self-limited eruption of vesicles, pustules, papules and macules seen in newborns. An eosinophilic infiltrate can be isolated suggesting an immune-mediated reaction in the skin.


Gastric Adenoma, Gastric-Type

A neoplastic polyp that arises from the stomach.  It is characterized by the presence of gastric epithelial differentiation.  It includes pyloric gland adenomas and foveolar-type adenomas.


Tourettism

Tics that are secondary to an identifiable cause.


Periorbital Infection

An infectious process affecting the tissues around the orbit.


Gallbladder Cancer by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of gallbladder cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


Pulmonary Fistula

An abnormal communication between the lung and another organ or anatomic site.


Stage IV Uterine Corpus Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: T4, Any N, M0; IVB: Any T, Any N, M1. T4: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor invading the bladder mucosa and/or bowel mucosa (bullous edema is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis (includes metastasis to inguinal lymph nodes, intraperitoneal disease, lung, liver, or bone. It excludes metastasis to pelvic or para-aortic lymph nodes, vagina, uterine serosa, or adnexa). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Localized Sarcoma

A sarcoma that is confined to a specific site without evidence of spread to other anatomic sites.


Recurrent Human Papillomavirus-Related Malignant Neoplasm

The reemergence of human papillomavirus-related malignant neoplasm after a period of remission.


Stage IIB Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor AJCC v7

Stage IIB includes: T2, M0, Risk factors: high risk.  T2: Tumor extends to other genital structures (ovary, tube, vagina, broad ligaments) by metastasis or direct extension.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Drug-induced gingival hyperplasia

Overgrowth of the gingival tissue caused by phenytoin, cyclosporine A, and calcium channel blockers.


Stage IB Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

Invasive cervical carcinoma with measured deepest invasion equal or more than 5 mm (greater than Stage IA), lesion limited to the cervix uteri. (FIGO 2018)


Radiating Chest Pain Along Sternal Border

The location of the radiating chest pain is along the lateral edge of the sternum.


Recurrent Lymphoma

The reemergence of a lymphoma after a period of remission.


Stage IV Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IV includes: (Any T, Any N, M1).  M1: Distant metastasis (excludes metastasis within the peritoneal cavity). (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Stage IVA Bone Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IVA includes: Any T, N0, M1a, Any G.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M1a: Distant metastasis to lung. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Neoplasms, Unknown Primary

The spread of a malignant neoplasm from an unknown primary to another region remote from the primary site.


Inguinal hernia, without mention of obstruction or gangrene

The protrusion of abdominal cavity contents through the inguinal canal, without mention of obstruction or necrosis of the herniated contents.


Extragonadal primary germ cell tumor mixed stage III


Polyarticular Still Disease

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis affecting multiple joints, usually symmetrically. It may be associated with low grade fever, anemia, and weight loss. Patients usually test negative for rheumatoid factor.


Stage II Contiguous Adult Diffuse Small Cleaved Cell Lymphoma

Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II) or localized involvement of a single associated extralymphatic organ or site and its regional lymph nodes with or without other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE). Note: The number of lymph node regions involved may be indicated by a subscript (e.g., II3). (from PDQ).


Advanced Paraganglioma

A paraganglioma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Adult Meningioma

A meningioma that occurs during adulthood.


Coronary artery ectasia

Diffuse dilation of a coronary artery segment.


Stage IIA2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIA2 includes: T2a2, N0, M0.  Tumor invades beyond uterus but no to pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. No parametrial invasion.  T2a2: Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Recurrent Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The reemergence of anal squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


Industrial Accident

An accident taking place on the site of a commercial enterprise.


Stage IIIB Uterine Corpus Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with vaginal involvement (direct extension or metastasis) or parametrial involvement. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Hodgkin's disease NOS stage II subdiaphragmatic presentation

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the inferior side of the diaphragm (II) or localized involvement of a single associated extralymphatic organ or site and its regional lymph node(s) with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE). Note: The number of lymph node regions involved may be indicated by a subscript.


Osteosarcoma by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of osteosarcoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.


Recurrent squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that has recurred after a period of remission.


Undifferentiated Malignant Neoplasm

A neoplasm that has minimal to no differentiating features.


Fallopian Tube Serous Neoplasm

A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the fallopian tube characterized by the presence of neoplastic serous epithelial cells.


Beta-Methylcrotonylglycinuria

A very rare metabolic disorder characterized by an inborn error in the leucine degradation pathway. Patients excrete large amounts of beta-methyl-crotonylglycine in the urine.


Chest Pain Along Sternal Border

The location of the chest pain is along the lateral edge of the sternum.


Splitting Pain

An intense sensation of discomfort or distress that feels like being cut apart.


Endometrial Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A high grade neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the endometrium. It is composed of large polygonal cells arranged in well-demarcated nests, trabeculae or cords with peripheral palisading.


Type D Lymphomatoid Papulosis

A variant of lymphomatoid papulosis which mimics primary cutaneous aggressive epidermotropic CD8-positive cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma.


Benign Vaginal Melanocytic Nevus

A neoplasm that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the proliferation of nests of benign melanocytes.


Monoblastic Sarcoma

A less common form of myeloid sarcoma composed of monoblasts.  Monoblastic sarcoma may precede or occur simultaneously with acute monoblastic leukemia. (WHO 2001)


Aphakia

The absence of the crystalline lens of the eye.


Paraganglioma-Like Dermal Melanocytic Tumor

A benign primary melanocytic tumor of the skin that presents as a dermal nodule. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of paraganglioma-like features that include a nested growth pattern of the tumor cells. The nests are composed of epithelioid cells and are separated by delicate fibrous strands. Cytoplasmic melanin is not present; however immunohistochemical studies have confirmed the melanocytic lineage of the tumor cells.


Recurrent Low Grade Astrocytoma

The reemergence of a low grade astrocytoma after a period of remission.


Digestive System Fistula

An abnormal communication between any part of the digestive system and another organ or cavity.


Stage IV Anal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Delirium due to a general medical condition

A disorder characterized by the acute and sudden development of changes in attention, memory, language and/or perception that can be etiologically linked to the direct physiological consequences of a general medical condition.


Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Situ

Stage 0 includes: (Tis, N0, M0). Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. FIGO no longer includes stage 0. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Granular Cell Glioblastoma

A glioblastoma characterized by the presence of large numbers of neoplastic cells with granular, PAS-positive cytoplasm. It is associated with an aggressive clinical course.


Umbilical granuloma

Excessive granulation tissue at the base of the umbilicus after separation.


Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma Variant

A term referring to cases of small lymphocytic lymphomas with an increased number of paraimmunoblasts or with signet-ring-like lymphocytes.


Hodgkin's disease lymphocyte predominance type refractory

An antiquated term that refers either to nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma or to lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma that is resistant to treatment.


Acinar Cystic Transformation of the Pancreas

A non-neoplastic cystic lesion of the pancreas lined by benign-appearing acinar and ductal epithelium. (WHO 2019)


Cocaine dependence, episodic

Physical and psychological dependence on the drug cocaine, which is associated with a pattern of episodic use.


Stage IIIC Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v7

Stage IIIC includes: (T1-4b, N1b, M0); (T1-4b, N2b, M0); (T1-4b, N2c, M0); (Any T, N3, M0).  T1-4b: Ulcerated cutaneous melanoma of any thickness.  N1b: Cutaneous melanoma with macrometastasis in one regional lymph node.  N2b: Cutaneous melanoma with macrometastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes.  N2c: Cutaneous melanoma with intralymphatic metastases (in transit or satellite metastases) without metastatic nodes.  N3: Cutaneous melanoma with 4 or more metastatic nodes, or matted nodes, or in transit met(s)/satellite(s) with metastatic node(s).  M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Disseminated Malignant Neoplasm

Cancer that is spread throughout the body, a metastatic phenomenon.


Non-Neoplastic Esophageal Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the esophagus. Representative examples include infections, ulcers, and gastroesophageal reflux disease.


Stage I Fallopian Tube Cancer

Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); IA (T1a, N0, M0); IB (T1b, N0, M0); IC (T1c, N0, M0).  T1: Tumor limited to the fallopian tube(s).  T1a: Tumor limited to one tube, without penetrating the serosal surface; no ascites.  T1b: Tumor limited to both tubes, without penetrating the serosal surface; no ascites.  T1c: Tumor limited to one or both tubes with extension onto or through the tubal serosa, or with malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Infiltrating Ureter Urothelial Carcinoma with Squamous Differentiation

An infiltrating urothelial carcinoma of the ureter that exhibits squamous differentiation.


Stage II Appendix Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v8

Stage II includes: (T2, N0, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but less than or equal to 4 cm. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm or with subserosal invasion or involvement of the mesoappendix. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor

A testicular Sertoli cell tumor characterized by the presence of large polygonal cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm in a myxoid and hyalinized stroma. Calcifications may be present in the stroma. Malignant behavior is uncommon.


Congenital Bleeding Disorder

A bleeding disorder that is diagnosed during childhood, with the presenting symptom of excessive bleeding.


Other and Unspecified Infectious and Parasitic Diseases and their Sequelae

Unspecified infectious and parasitic diseases and their sequelae other than those otherwise specified.


Current Cytomegalovirus Infection

Cytomegalovirus infection is evident at the time of testing.


Stage IV Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IV includes: IVA: T4, Any N, M0; IVB: Any T, Any N, M1. T4: Tumor has involved (biopsy-proven) the mucosa of the bladder or rectum, or has spread to adjacent organs. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis including inguinal lymph nodes, lung, liver, bone, or intraperitoneal metastases. Metastases to pelvic or paraaortic lymph nodes, or vagina are excluded. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Low Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule

A hepatic dysplastic nodule characterized by the presence of low grade atypical cellular changes.


Advanced Carcinoma Of Unknown Primary

A carcinoma of unknown primary that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Recurrent Primary Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm

The reemergence of a primary malignant central nervous system neoplasm after a period of remission.


Postpartum Uterine Inversion

Protrusion of the uterine fundus through the cervix when the placenta fails to detach from the uterus as it exits.


Human Papillomavirus-Independent Cervical Adenocarcinoma

Cervical adenocarcinoma not associated with human papillomavirus infection.


Advanced Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A neuroendocrine carcinoma that has metastasized from its original site of growth to distal anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of bladder

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the bladder.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells.


Stage IIIB Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v7

Stage IIIB includes: (T1-4b, N1a, M0); (T1-4b, N2a, M0); (T1-4a, N1b, M0); (T1-4a, N2b, M0); (T1-4a, N2c, M0).  T1-4b: Ulcerated cutaneous melanoma of any thickness.  T1-4a: Non-ulcerated cutaneous melanoma of any thickness.  N1a: Cutaneous melanoma with micrometastasis in one regional lymph node.  N2a: Cutaneous melanoma with micrometastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes.  N1b: Cutaneous melanoma with macrometastasis in one regional lymph node.  N2b: Cutaneous melanoma with macrometastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes.  N2c: Cutaneous melanoma with intralymphatic metastases (in transit or satellite metastases) without metastatic nodes.  M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


BCLC Stage D Hepatocellular Carcinoma

End-stage hepatocellular carcinoma.  Patients will receive symptomatic treatment. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


Cervical Squamous Neoplasm

A benign, precancerous, or malignant neoplasm that arises from the squamous epithelium of the cervix. Representative examples include condyloma acuminatum, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, and squamous cell carcinoma.


High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Signet Ring Variant

High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of signet ring cells in the affected glands.


Focal acute inflammation

An inflammatory process characterized by the localized collection of polymorphonuclear neutrophils.


Malignant ascites

Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity resulting from the growth of primary or metastatic malignant neoplasms in the peritoneum.


Recurrent Childhood Kidney Neoplasm

The reemergence of renal neoplasm in childhood after a period of remission.


FIGO Stage IB Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor


Recurrent Aggressive NK-Cell Leukemia

The reemergence of aggressive NK-cell leukemia after a period of remission.


Benign neoplasm of pineal gland

A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the pineal region.


Post-polycythemia vera myelofibrosis

Progression of polycythemia vera characterized by decreased erythropoiesis and granulopoiesis, reticulin and collagen fibrosis of the bone marrow, leucoerythroblastic reaction in the peripheral blood, poikilocytosis, tear-drop shaped red blood cells, and splenomegaly.


Verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity stage 0


Myeloid Neoplasms with Germline DDX41 Mutation

An autosomal dominant familial myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia syndrome characterized by inherited mutations in the gene on chromosome 5 encoding the DEAD box RNA helicase DDX41. Patients usually present with leukopenia, hypocellular bone marrow with prominent erythroid dysplasia and a normal karyotype, often leading to erythroleukemia. The prognosis is generally poor. (WHO 2017)


Unresectable Glioma

A glioma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Visual Pathway Neoplasm

A neoplasm that affects the visual pathway.


Polyclonal Polymorphic Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder


Recurrent Primary Bone Lymphoma

The reemergence of primary lymphoma of bone after a period of remission.


Metastatic Appendix Carcinoma

Carcinoma of the appendix that has spread from the original site of growth to other anatomic sites.


AIDS-Related Anal Carcinoma

A carcinoma arising from the anus and occurring in HIV-positive patients. Homosexual HIV-positive men have an increased risk of developing anal squamous cell carcinoma in comparison to the general male population. Sexually transmitted human papillomavirus is detected in the majority of the cases.


Schwannoma of the Seventh Cranial Nerve

A benign, usually encapsulated slow growing tumor composed of Schwann cells affecting the seventh cranial nerve.


Locally Advanced Bladder Carcinoma

A bladder carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Congenital Hand and Foot Deformity

A malformation in the hand or foot that is present at birth. Representative examples include syndactyly, polydactyly, brachydactyly, and thumb hypoplasia.


Chronic esophagitis

A chronic inflammatory process affecting the esophageal wall.


Low Grade Lung Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

A low grade malignant neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the lung.  This category includes typical carcinoid tumor.


Chest Pain in Left Second Intercostal Space

The location of the chest pain is within the second intercostal space on the left side.


Adult Diffuse Small Cleaved Cell Lymphoma

An antiquated term for a diffuse B-or T-cell lymphoma composed of small cleaved lymphocytes, occurring in adults.


Recurrent T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia

The reemergence of T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia after a period of remission.


Mixed acidophil-basophil carcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic and basic dyes.


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage II Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Oligodendroglioma, IDH-Mutant and 1p/19q-Codeleted

An oligodendroglioma carrying IDH gene family mutation and combined whole-arm losses of 1p and 19q (1p/19q codeletion).


Tissue Breakdown

A process caused by injury or disease or aging and characterized by a partial/complete disruption of tissue. The disruption may be temporary or permanent and may be associated with either (1) impairment or (2) loss of function of the affected organ(s) or system(s).


Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

A squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Outer Hair Sheath and Infundibulum Neoplasm

A neoplasm involving the outer hair sheath and infundibulum.


Magnocellular nevus

A benign neoplastic melanocytic proliferation within or adjacent to the optic disk. It presents as a pigmented, intraocular tumor.


Stage IVB Bone Sarcoma AJCC v7

Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N1, Any M, Any G); (Any T, Any N, M1b, Any G).  N1: Regional lymph node metastasis.  M1b: Metastasis to other distant sites. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Central Nervous System Hemangioblastoma

A hemangioblastoma arising from structures of the central nervous system.


Body Substance Discharge

The leakage of a substance from an orifice or wound.


Juxtaglomerular tumor

A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm arising from the cortex of the kidney. It secrets renin and the patients usually present with severe hypertension and marked hypokalemia. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of sheets of polygonal or spindle-shaped neoplastic cells forming a hemangiopericytic pattern.


Clinical Stage IIB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIB includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Giant Fibrovascular Esophageal Polyp

A benign, elongated intraluminal polypoid neoplasm of the esophagus.  It is characterized by the presence of adipose tissue lobules separated by dense fibrous tissue bands and dilated blood vessels.  The polyp is covered by normal squamous epithelium.


Persistent Hyaloid Vessels

A congenital abnormality of the eye caused by failure of regression of the fetal eye vasculature.


Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma, Gastric Foveolar Type

An unusual, well differentiated adenocarcinoma that arises from the gallbladder.  It is characterized by the presence of tall malignant columnar cells with mucin-containing cytoplasm and basally located nuclei.


Transport Injury

An injury to an individual during transport between or to/from departments or facilities.


Gastric Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the stomach.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells.


large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of gallbladder

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gallbladder.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells.


Localized Malignant Pancreatic Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the pancreas and has not spread to other anatomic sites.


Non-T Non-B CALLA Negative Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Non-T non-B, CALLA negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during childhood.


Metastatic Appendix Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix that has spread from the original site of growth to other anatomic sites.


Pedestrian Injury By Road Vehicle

An injury to a pedestrian sustained by a vehicle that travels on the road.


Stage IB Ampulla of Vater Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IB includes: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1b: Tumor invading beyond the sphincter of Oddi (perisphincteric invasion) and/or into the duodenal submucosa. T2: Tumor invading into the muscularis propria of the duodenum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Functional disorder of polymorphonuclear neutrophil

A disorder caused by a dysfunction of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs).


Closed traumatic dislocation of glenohumeral joint

A closed dislocation of the shoulder


Stage 0 Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ (intramucosal carcinoma; invasion of the lamina propria or extension into but not through the muscularis mucosae). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Refractory Ureter Urothelial Carcinoma

Ureter urothelial carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Stage IA Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor that can be diagnosed only by microscopy with maximum depth of invasion equal or less than 5 mm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Stage IB Vulvar Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0.  T1b: Vulvar cancer with tumor size greater than 2 cm, or any size with stromal invasion more than 1.0 mm, confined to the vulva or perineum.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Kappa Light Chain-Restriction

An increase in the ratio of cells expressing the immunoglobulin light chain (Ig LC) kappa versus those expressing Ig LC lambda in a sample.


Neoplastic Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

A lymphoproliferative disorder arising as a result of post-transplant immunosuppression therapy.  It is characterized by the presence of tissue destruction and effacement of the architecture of the involved tissues.  There is clonal rearrangement of the immunoglobulin or the T-cell receptor genes.  It includes the following variants: polymorphic, monomorphic, and classical Hodgkin lymphoma type post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders.


Stage 0 Vaginal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0.  Tis: Carcinoma in situ (preinvasive carcinoma). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  FIGO no longer includes stage 0. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Round cell sarcoma with EWSR1-non-ETS fusions

A group of rare round and spindle cell sarcomas characterized by the presence of EWSR1 or FUS fusions involving partners unrelated to the ETS gene family. This category includes EWSR1-NFATC2, EWSR1-PATZ1, and FUS-NFATC2 sarcomas.


Stage IIA2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IIA2 includes: T2a2, N0, M0. T2a2: Tumor with involvement limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial invasion measuring more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Stage I Prostate Cancer AJCC v7

Stage I includes: (T1a-c, N0, M0, PSA less than 10, Gleason equal or less than 6); (T2a, N0, M0, PSA less than 10, Gleason equal or less than 6); (T1-2a, N0, M0, PSA X, Gleason X).  T1a: Tumor incidental histologic finding in 5% or less of tissue resected.  T1b: Tumor incidental histologic finding in more than 5% of tissue resected.  T1c: Tumor identified by needle biopsy (e.g., because of elevated PSA).  T2a: Tumor involves one-half of one lobe or less. cN0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  pN0: No positive regional nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  Gleason Equal or Less than 6: Well differentiated (slight anaplasia).  Gleason X: Gleason score cannot be processed.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Uterine Cervix Cyst

A cyst in the uterine cervix.


Stage IV Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N0, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b, G1); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1b, G2, G3, or GX); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1c, Any G). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M1a: Intraperitoneal acellular mucin, without identifiable tumor cells in the disseminated peritoneal mucinous deposits. M1b: Intraperitoneal metastasis only, including peritoneal mucinous deposits containing tumor cells. M1c: Metastasis to sites other than peritoneum. G1: Well differentiated. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Hallucinogen dependence, continuous

Physical and psychological dependence on hallucinogenics, which is associated with a pattern of continuous use.


Regressing Non-Cutaneous Melanoma

The disappearance of the melanoma cells from the primary non-cutaneous melanoma site.


IgM monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance defined by a serum IgM paraprotein concentration less than 30g/L; bone marrow lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of less than 10%; and no evidence of anemia, constitutional symptoms, hyperviscocity, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, or other end-organ damage that can be attributed to the underlying lymphoproliferative disorder. It is a precursor condition that may progress to lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma/ Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, other B-cell neoplasms, or primary amyloidosis. Progression to plasma cell myeloma occurs rarely, if at all. (WHO 2017)


Stage IIIB Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v7

Stage IIIB includes: Any T, N1, M0. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Secondary Central Nervous System Lymphoma

A non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that has spread to the central nervous system following the initial presentation in another nodal or extranodal site.


Malignant gastrinoma of pancreas

A gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor arising from the pancreas.  It is characterized by inappropriate secretion of gastrin and associated with Zollinger Ellison syndrome.  It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.


Benign nipple neoplasm

A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises in the area of the nipple.


Intermediate Chondrogenic Neoplasm

A locally aggressive or rarely metastasizing cartilaginous matrix-producing neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic chondrocytes.


Liver Teratoma

A teratoma that arises from the liver.


Non-Organic Failure to Thrive

Failure to thrive caused by inadequate intake due to environmental influences, stimulus deprivation- poverty, feeding techniques, or psychological reason, and without any apparent growth-inhibiting organic disorder.


Human Papillomavirus-Related Urethral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A rare urethral squamous cell carcinoma that is related to human papilloma virus (HPV) infection of the urinary tract.


Papillary mucinous cystadenoma, borderline malignancy

A low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm usually arising from the ovary. It is composed of glandular cells with intracytoplasmic mucin. It is characterized by an atypical epithelial proliferation and a papillary growth pattern. There is no evidence of destructive stromal invasion.


Locally Advanced Glioblastoma

Glioblastoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues.


Stage IIA Bone Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIA includes: T1, N0, M0, G3, G4.  T1: Tumor 8 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  G4: Undifferentiated. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IIA Nasopharyngeal Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma


familial meningioma

A meningioma that is transmitted from the parents to an offspring.


Stage III Low-CSD Melanoma AJCC v7

Stage III includes: Any T, N1-3, M0.  Stage III is divided into three pathologic subgroups: IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC.  There are no clinical subgroups for stage III.  N1: Cutaneous melanoma with metastasis in one regional lymph node.  N2: Cutaneous melanoma with metastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes or in transit met(s)/satellite(s) without metastatic nodes.  N3: Cutaneous melanoma with 4 or more metastatic nodes, or matted nodes, or in transit met(s)/satellite(s) with metastatic node(s).  M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Unresectable Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma

Bladder urothelial carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Locally Advanced Fibrosarcoma

Fibrosarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Epithelial hyperplasia of skin

A hyperplasia of the epidermis.


Morbidly adherent placenta (disorder)

A condition in which the placenta implants abnormally into the uterine myometrium, rather than implanting into the uterine decidua basalis as is normal.


Stage IVB Bone Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N1, Any M, Any G); (Any T, Any N, M1b, Any G). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M1b: Metastasis in the bone or other distant sites. (AJCC 8th ed.)


A psychological or behavioral condition that existed previously and is genetic in nature.


Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the respiratory system or the thoracic organs.


clear cell type neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of atypical cells with clear cytoplasm.


Stage IIA1 Cervical Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIA1 includes: T2a1, N0, M0.  Tumor invades beyond uterus but no to pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. No parametrial invasion.  T2a1: Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Spindle cell melanoma, type A

A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant spindle-shaped melanocytes with slender nuclei and no visible nucleoli. Representative example is the type A spindle cell uveal melanoma.


Post-traumatic wound infection

Infection of a wound following trauma.


Stage II Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

Stage II includes: IIA (T2, N0, M0, G3); IIB (T3, N0, M0, Any G); (T1-2, N1, M0, Any G).  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. G3: Poorly differentiated.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Esophageal Adenocarcinoma by AJCC v8 Clinical Stage

A term that refers to the clinical staging of esophageal adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


Anogenital papillomaviral intraepithelial neoplasia


Ovarian Rupture

Tearing or disruption of the ovarian tissue.


Gastric Juvenile Polyp

A non-neoplastic polyp that arises from the stomach and is characterized by the presence of elongated, tortuous, and cystic foveolar zones, edematous changes, and inflammation.  It may be associated with juvenile polyposis in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract.


Bone Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Langerhans cell histiocytosis affecting the bone.


Low Grade Conjunctival Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A precancerous neoplastic intraepithelial process with low-grade dysplastic features involving the conjunctival epithelium.


Radiation necrosis

Tissue necrosis due to radiation exposure.


Musculoskeletal Chest Pain due to Epidemic Myalgia

A condition in which there is myositis secondary to an infectious etiology. (ACC/AHA)


Recurrent AL Amyloidosis

The reemergence of AL amyloidosis after a period of remission.


Traumatic subcutaneous emphysema

The infiltration of air into the skin tissue secondary to traumatic tissue disruption.


Serous cystadenoma, borderline malignancy

A serous cystic glandular epithelial neoplasm of low malignant potential. It is characterized by the presence of atypical or malignant glandular epithelial cells with an absence of stromal invasion.


Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A hepatocellular carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Ann Arbor Stage II Subdiaphragmatic Lymphocyte-Depleted Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma


Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


Amyloidoma

Nodular localized form of amyloidosis with predominantly thoracic localization (pulmonary amyloidosis), considered as secondary protein structure disease in which insoluble protein fibrils accumulate extracellularly. The form of primary amyloid in amyloidoma is characterized by abnormal deposition of light chain proteins composed of monoclonal immunoglobulin. Pulmonary amyloidomas are rare and are often found incidentally as solitary or multiple calcified nodules and masses on chest radiographs in asymptomatic elderly patients. Cavitation is rare, the prognosis is good.


Lugano Classification Stage I Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage I: Involvement of a single lymphatic site (i.e., nodal region, Waldeyer's ring, thymus, or spleen). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Urinary straining

The need to increase intra-abdominal pressure in order to initiate and maintain voiding.


Somatostatinoma, malignant

A neuroendocrine tumor arising from delta cells which produce somatostatin. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.


Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced

A neoplasm that develops as a result of exposure to radiation.


COVID-19-Associated Acute Hemorrhagic Necrotizing Encephalitis

Acute hemorrhagic necrotizing encephalitis caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


Stage IIIA Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: IIIA1: T1/2, N1, M0; IIIA2: T3a, N0/N1, M0. T1: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor limited to fallopian tube(s). T2: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor involving fallopian tubes with pelvic extension below pelvic brim. T3a: Fallopian tube cancer with microscopic extrapelvic (above the pelvic brim) peritoneal involvement with or without positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Micropapillary urothelial carcinoma

A transitional cell carcinoma characterized by a micropapillary growth pattern. Typical example is the micropapillary variant of infiltrating bladder urothelial carcinoma.


Glioneuroma of ciliary body

A congenital choristoma in the ciliary body. It consists of a mass of mature glial and neuronal cells without neoplastic potential in an otherwise healthy child; there is usually an adjacent coloboma of the anterior uvea and retina. (WHO 2018)


Increased Time To Concomitant Drug Peak Blood Concentration

Increased time following concomitant drug administration at which the peak drug blood concentration occurs.


Cerebral Adrenoleukodystrophy

A subtype of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) occurring in approximately 40 percent of boys with ALD, primarily affecting the cerebrum, resulting in rapidly declining neurocognitive function and in most patients, premature death.


Refractory Ocular Melanoma

Ocular melanoma that is resistant to treatment.


Castration-Naive Prostate Carcinoma

Advanced prostatic carcinoma which was not previously treated with androgen-deprivation therapy.


Withdrawal (dysfunction)

A social or emotional detachment, pathological retreat from objective reality, interpersonal contact and social involvement, as in some forms of schizophrenia, depression, or schizoid, avoidant, or schizotypal personality disorders.


Muscular Dystrophy Secondary to Oxidative Phosphorylation Disorder

A muscular dystrophy that was caused by a primary disorder of oxidative phosphorylation.


Refractory Malignant Skin Neoplasm

Malignant skin neoplasm that is resistant to treatment.


Stage IIA Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into subserosa or into mesoappendix.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IV Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IV includes: (Any T, Any N, M1).  M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


COVID-19-Associated Albuminuria

Albuminuria caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


Intraductal papillary neoplasm with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia

An intraductal papillary neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts. It is characterized by the presence of mild epithelial atypia.


Stage 0a Urethral Cancer AJCC v8

Stage 0a includes: Ta, N0, M0. Ta: For male penile urethra and female urethra: Non-invasive papillary carcinoma. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Defective Gamma Heavy Chain Present

An indication that cells expressing a mutated or defective form of immunoglobulin heavy chain gamma have been detected in a sample.


Stage IIIB Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIB includes: T1-3, N1, M0. T1: Tumor invades lamina propria or muscular layer.  T2: Tumor invades perimuscular connective tissue; no extension beyond serosa or into liver. T3: Tumor perforates the serosa (visceral peritoneum) and/or directly invades the liver and/or one other adjacent organ or structure, such as the stomach, duodenum, colon, pancreas, omentum, or extrahepatic bile ducts.  N1: Metastases to nodes along the cystic duct, common bile duct, hepatic artery, and/or portal vein. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Phobia of driving

An overwhelming, irrational, and persistent fear of operating a motor vehicle.


Refractory Bladder Carcinoma

Bladder carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


Stage IIIC Anal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIC includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T3: Tumor larger than 5 cm. T4: Tumor of any size invading adjacent organ(s), such as the vagina, urethra, or bladder. N1: Metastasis in inguinal, mesorectal, internal iliac, or external iliac nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Facial Nerve Palsy Related to Trauma

Partial or complete paralysis of the facial muscles of one side of an individual's face that is caused by trauma.


Chemotherapy-Related Leukemia

A leukemia arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of chemotherapy agents that are used for the treatment of a malignant tumor.


Posterior Fossa Ependymoma

A circumscribed ependymoma that arises in the posterior fossa. The diagnosis of posterior fossa ependymoma should be made either when molecular analysis for DNA methylation profiling cannot assign a molecular group (not elsewhere classified -NEC) or when the molecular analysis for DNA methylation profiling was unsuccessful or not reported (not otherwise specified-NOS).


Recurrent Appendix Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of appendix adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Poorly Differentiated Malignant Neoplasm

A neoplasm whose histologic characteristics have regressed and are more similar to stem cells.


Advanced Digestive System Carcinoma

Digestive system carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified

Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma in which information on the p16 immunohistochemistry or HPV testing status is not available.


Vestibulocochlear nerve palsy

Partial or complete paralysis of the vestibulocochlear nerve.


Metastatic Vulvar Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the vulva and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Post inflammatory hydrocephalus

An abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles of the brain that occurs as a consequence of a central nervous system inflammation.


Current HIV Infection

Human immunodeficiency virus infection is evident at the time of testing.


Localized Cerebral Neoplasm

A cerebral neoplasm that is confined to a specific site without evidence of spread to other anatomic sites.


Infection of hemodialysis catheter

A local or systemic infection associated with the use of a hemodialysis catheter.


Urothelial carcinoma recurrent

The reemergence of urothelial carcinoma after a period of remission.


Cranial Nerve Infection

An infectious process affecting a cranial nerve.


Stage IB Testicular Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IB includes: (pT2, N0, M0, S0); (pT3, N0, M0, S0); (pT4, N0, M0, S0). pT2: Testicular cancer which is limited to testis (including rete testis invasion) with lymphovascular invasion or invades hilar soft tissue or epididymis or penetrates visceral mesothelial layer covering the external surface of tunica albuginea with or without lymphovascular invasion. pT3: Testicular cancer in which the tumor invades spermatic cord with or without lymphovascular invasion. pT4: Testicular cancer in which the tumor invades scrotum with or without lymphovascular invasion. N0: Testicular cancer with no regional lymph node metastasis. M0: Testicular cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. S0: Marker study levels within normal limits. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Tuberculosis of urinary organs

The infection of a urinary organ due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.


Contact dermatitis due to dichromate

Allergic contact dermatitis caused by exposure to dichromate.


Vaginal Non-Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of polygonal squamous cells. Intercellular bridges and cytoplasmic keratinization may be present, but keratin pearls are absent.


Recurrent Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Changes

The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes after a period of remission.


Micropapillary carcinoma

A carcinoma characterized by the presence of a predominant micropapillary pattern.


Transfusion Dependent Beta Thalassemia

Beta thalassemia that results in severe anemia and requires regular blood transfusions for patient survival.


Locally Recurrent Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The reemergence of skin squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission, at or adjacent to the site of the original tumor.


Pancreaticobiliary Malunion

An abnormality of the pancreatic and biliary ducts in which their junction occurs above the duodenal wall.


Stage IVA Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IVA includes: Any T, N0, M1a, G1.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M1a: Intraperitoneal metastasis beyond the right lower quadrant, including pseudomyxoma peritonei.  G1: Well differentiated tumor.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Kidney Solitary Fibrous Tumor

A rare solitary fibrous tumor arising from the kidney.


Lugano Classification Adult Lymphoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A staging system for adult Hodgkin and adult non-Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Lugano classification criteria. This staging system does not apply to ocular adnexal lymphomas (are staged according to the classification for ocular adnexal lymphoma), pediatric lymphomas (are staged according to the classification for pediatric lymphoma), primary cutaneous lymphomas (are staged according to the classification for primary cutaneous lymphoma), and multiple myelomas (are staged according to the classification for plasma cell myeloma). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Adult Central Nervous System Neoplasm

A benign or malignant neoplasm of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges occurring in adults.  Representative examples of primary neoplasms include astrocytoma, meningioma, pituitary adenoma, and neurilemoma.  Representative examples of tumor metastases from other organs to the central nervous system include lung and breast carcinoma.


Locally Advanced Unresectable Digestive System Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

A digestive system neuroendocrine neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection.


Benign Diencephalic Neoplasm

A benign neoplasm of the diencephalon.


Stage III Prostate Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: T1-2, N0, M0, PSA 20 or more, Grade Group 1-4; IIIB: T3-4, N0, M0, PSA: Any, Grade Group 1-4; IIIC: Any T, N0, M0, PSA: Any, Grade Group 5. T1: Prostate cancer with clinically inapparent tumor that is not palpable. T2: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is palpable and confined within the prostate. T3: Prostate cancer with extraprostatic tumor that is not fixed or does not invade adjacent structures. T4: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is fixed or invades adjacent structures other than seminal vesicles such as external sphincter, rectum, bladder, levator muscles, and/or pelvic wall. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. Grade Group 1: Gleason Score 6 or less, Gleason Pattern 3 or less+3. Grade Group 2: Gleason Score 7, Gleason Pattern 3+4. Grade Group 3: Gleason Score 7, Gleason Pattern 4+3. Grade Group 4: Gleason Score 8, Gleason Pattern 4+4. Grade Group 5: Gleason Score 9 or 10, Gleason Pattern 4+5, or 5+4, or 5+5. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IIIB Adult Liver Cancer AJCC v7

For hepatocellular carcinoma: Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


recurrent gastric cancer

The reemergence of gastric carcinoma after a period of remission.


Chronic superficial gastritis

Persistent inflammation of the superficial portion of the gastric mucosa.  It is a condition that predisposes to the development of ulcer and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.


Stage II Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v8

Stage II includes: (T2, N0, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor limited to the pancreas and measuring 2-4 cm. T3: Tumor limited to the pancreas and measuring more than 4 cm; or tumor invading the duodenum or bile duct. N0: No regional lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Bladder Hemangioma

A hemangioma that arises from the bladder. Most tumors occur in adults.


Primary malignant neoplasm of independent multiple sites

A malignant neoplasm arising in multiple primary sites.


Abnormal Glucose Level Finding

A finding that either fasting or postprandial blood glucose levels are above or below the normal thresholds.


Lymphoma/Leukemia by Kiel Classification (Antiquated)


Gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the stomach. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 10 HPF. According to the size of the malignant cells, the prominence of the nucleoli, and the amount of cytoplasm, it is classified either as small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.


Corneal decompensation

Endothelial decompensation that is manifested by opacity of the cornea. The condition often occurs as a nonspecific response to mechanical injury from incidental corneal contact by intraocular instruments during surgery; chemical injury from the improper use of intraocular drugs, drugs containing preservatives, or from residues from inadequate rinsing of detergents or other residues from surgical instruments. The most common causes of corneal endothelial decompensation in the adult population are cataract removal/IOL-related endothelial loss and Fuchs dystrophy. When severe, corneal endothelial decompensation requires corneal transplantation.


Stage IIIB Gastric Carcinoma

Stage IIIB includes: (T4b, N0, M0); (T4b, N1, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); (T3, N3, M0).  T3: Tumor penetrates subserosal connective tissue without invasion of visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures.  T4a: Tumor invades serosa (visceral peritoneum).  T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  N3: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Congenital Systemic Disorder

An inherited disorder that presents with systemic manifestations.


Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma by AJCC v8 Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage

A term that refers to the postneoadjuvant therapy staging of gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


Vulval intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2

An intraepithelial lesion of the vulvar squamous epithelium associated with HPV infection. It is characterized by loss of maturation, nuclear hyperchromasia, high nuclear:cytoplasmic ratios, cytological and architectural atypia, and mitoses. Two morphological patterns have been described: basaloid (undifferentiated) and warty (condylomatous, bowenoid). It carries a significant but relatively low risk of progression to squamous cell carcinoma if untreated. (WHO 2020)


Stage I Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v6

Stage I includes: IA (T1a, N0, M0); IB (T1b, N0, M0); (T2a, N0, M0).  T1a: Melanoma is less than or equal to 1.0mm in thickness with or without ulceration.  T1b: Melanoma is less than or equal to 1.0mm in thickness and level IV or V with ulceration. T2a: Melanoma 1.01-2.0 mm in thickness, no ulceration.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.-2003


Cortical Cataract Grade 3

A stage of cortical cataract characterized by 50-90% of the intrapupillary space obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II)


Gastric Schwannoma

A rare schwannoma that arises from the stomach.  It follows a benign clinical course.


Climacteric arthritis

Arthritis that occurs during menopause.


Advanced Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Skin squamous cell carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Adult Diffuse Astrocytoma

A low grade (WHO grade II) astrocytoma occurring during adulthood.  It is characterized by a high degree of cellular differentiation, slow growth, and diffuse infiltration of neighboring brain structures.


Recurrent Ependymal Tumor

The reemergence of an ependymal tumor after a period of remission.


Stage III Vulvar Cancer AJCC v6

Stage III includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0).  T3: Tumor of any size with contiguous spread to the lower urethra and/or vagina or anus. N1: Unilateral regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 6th ed.)


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to anus

An epithelial or non-epithelial malignant neoplasm that has spread to the anus from another anatomic site.


Recurrent Hodgkin Lymphoma

The reemergence of Hodgkin lymphoma after a period of remission.


Neoplastic Nodule

A benign or malignant growth composed of proliferating neoplastic cells.


Low Grade Anal Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Anal canal or perianal skin intraepithelial neoplasia with mild dysplasia.