glucose-6-phosphate isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate = D-fructose 6-phosphate.


biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylbutanol + NAD(P)+ = 3-methylbutanal + NAD(P)H + H+. 3-methylbutanal is also known as isovaleraldehyde.


aureusidin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone + O2 = aureusidin + H2O, and 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone + 1/2 O2 = aureusidin + H2O.


neuronal action potential back-propagation

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Propagation of an action potential in a neuron, from its site of initiation (typically the axon hillock) towards the soma.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by physical factors

The regulation of blood pressure mediated by detection of forces within the circulatory system.


sakuranetin 6-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sakuranetin + O2 + NADPH + H+ <=> carthamidin-7-methyl ether + H2O + NADP.


positive regulation of octopamine signaling pathway involved in response to food

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of octopamine signaling pathway involved in response to food.


response to chloramphenicol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chloramphenicol stimulus.


telomere-nuclear envelope anchor activity

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together the telomeric region of a chromosome and the inner nuclear membrane by interacting with both the telomere and the nuclear membrane, in order to establish and maintain the telomeric location.


replication fork reversal

Replication fork processing that involves the unwinding of blocked forks to form four-stranded structures resembling Holliday junctions, which are subsequently resolved.


calcium oxalate binding

Binding to calcium oxalate, CaC2O4, a salt of oxalic acid. In animals, it may be excreted in urine or retained in the form of urinary calculi.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: lactose(out) + H+(out) = lactose(in) + H+(in).


interneuron axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of an interneuron is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. An interneuron is any neuron which is not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region, as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions.


dorsal convergence

The directed migration of individual cells and small groups of cells toward the dorsal midline during gastrulation. This process does not require cell rearrangement.


excitation of vasomotor center by baroreceptor signaling

The process in which the molecular signal from the arterial baroreceptors is relayed to the vasomotor center causing it to signal increase arterial pressure.


viral translational shunt

A viral translation initiation mechanism where ribosomes are loaded onto viral mRNA at the 5'-cap structure and start scanning for a short distance before by-passing the large internal leader region and initiating at a downstream start site.


response to cortisone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cortisone stimulus. Cortisone is a natural glucocorticoid steroid hormone that is metabolically convertible to cortisol. Cortisone is synthesized from cholesterol in the cortex of the adrenal gland under the stimulation of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). The main physiological effect of cortisone is on carbohydrate metabolism; it can stimulate increased glucose release from the liver, increased liver glycogen synthesis, and decreased utilization of glucose by the tissues.


cellobiose glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-cellobiose + H2O = 2 D-glucose.


envenomation resulting in modulation of transmission of nerve impulse in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of the transmission of nerve impulses in the bitten organism.


regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a symbiont cell, the directed killing of a symbiont target cell by a neutrophil.


negative regulation of sensory perception of bitter taste

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of bitter taste.


phenylacetaldoxime dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (trans)-phenylacetaldoxime = H2O + phenylacetonitrile.


O-glycan processing, core 4

The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 4 O-glycan structure, GlcNAc-beta-(1->6)[GalNAc-beta-(1->3)]-GalNAc.


anaerobic 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), a chlorinated, broad spectrum, contact insecticide, in the absence of oxygen.


fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands contributing to the modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the secondary heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


octopine catabolic process to proline

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octopine into other compounds, including proline.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


regulation of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation.


creatinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: creatine + H2O = sarcosine + urea.


choriogonadotropin hormone binding

Binding to choriogonadotropin hormone, a heterodimer, with an alpha subunit identical to that of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and a unique beta subunit.


molybdenum cofactor guanylyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction GTP + molybdenum cofactor = diphosphate + guanylyl molybdenum cofactor.


imaginal disc-derived wing hair elongation

Growth of a prehair in the approximately 10 hour period following its emergence from an epidermal cell in an imaginal disc-derived wing. Prehair elongation is guided and/or driven by the polymerization of actin filaments and the orderly crosslinking of filaments into bundles.


beta-acoradiene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate <=> beta-acoradiene + diphosphoric acid.


arabinose isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinose = D-ribulose.


NAD-dependent protein decrotonylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + N6-(2E)-butenoyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + NAD+ = 2''-O-(2E)-but-2-enoyl-ADP-D-ribose + L-lysyl-[protein] + nicotinamide.


ectoine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate = ectoine + H2O.


tricaffeoyl spermidine O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tricaffeoyl spermidine + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 3 H+ + triferuloyl spermidine + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


trehalose O-mycolyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 alpha,alpha'-trehalose 6-mycolate = alpha,alpha'-trehalose 6,6'-bismycolate + alpha,alpha-trehalose.


acquisition of nutrients from host

The process that begins with the production and formation of structures and molecules in an organism that are required for the acquisition and utilization of nutrients from its host organism, and the ends with the acquirement of the nutrients. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


maintenance of protein location in peroxisome

Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location in a peroxisome, and is prevented from moving elsewhere.


intronic snoRNA processing

The biogenesis of a snoRNA molecule which resides within, and is processed from, the intron of a pre-mRNA.


negative regulation of ATP:ADP antiporter activity

Any process that stops or reduces the activity of an ATP:ADP antiporter.


non-phosphorylated glucose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of non-phosphorylated forms of glucose.


seed trichome differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized epidermal cell acquires the specialized features of a seed trichome. A seed trichome is a trichome that develops from seed coat epidermis and is often long with putative dispersal function.


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-carotene + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 O2 = (2R,2'R)-dihydroxy-all-trans-beta-carotene + 2 NAD + 2 H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: ethyl (R)-3-hydroxyhexanoate + NADP+ = ethyl 3-oxohexanoate + H+ + NADPH.


positive regulation of lateral mesodermal cell fate determination

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lateral mesoderm cell fate determination.


silicate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of silicates from one side of a membrane to the other. Silicates are the salts of silicic acids, and are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates.


detection of muscle inactivity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

The series of events in which a muscle inactivity stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. This occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ = an aromatic aldehyde + NADH + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylcholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + a phosphatidylcholine.


glycyrrhetinate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycyrrhetinate.


presynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins in the presynaptic actin cytoskeleton.


positive regulation of natural killer cell tolerance induction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell tolerance induction.


conidiogenone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of conidiogenone , a diterpene known to induce the conidiation.


regulation of male pigmentation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in males.


regulation of galactoglucomannan catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of galactoglucomannan catabolic process.


D-aspartate ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-aspartate + [beta-GlcNAc-(1->4)-Mur2Ac(oyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)]n = [beta-GlcNAc-(1->4)-Mur2Ac(oyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-6-N-(beta-D-Asp)-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)]n + ADP + phosphate.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: fructose + H+ = fructose + H+.


fatty acid primary amide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of primary fatty amides.


histone dopaminyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dopamine + L-glutaminyl-[histone] = 5-dopaminyl-L-glutamyl-[histone] + NH4(+).


regulation of toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + cis-zeatin <=> H+ + cis-zeatin-7-N-glucoside + UDP.


ABC-type vitamin B12 transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: vitamin B12(out) + ATP + H2O = ADP + an vitamin B12(in) + H+ + phosphate. Vitamin B12 is alkylcob(III)alamin.


cyclopentanol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyclopentanol + NAD+ = cyclopentanone + H+ + NADH.


peptidyl-cysteine modification to S-amindino-L-cysteine

The amidinylation of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-amidino-L-cysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxyphenanthrene + O2 = H+ + 2-hydroxy-2 H-benzo[h]chromene-2-carboxylate.


NAD+- protein-cysteine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-cysteinyl-[protein] + NAD+ = H+ + nicotinamide + S-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-cysteinyl-[protein].


protein arginine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein arginine = ADP + protein arginine phosphate.


benzo(a)pyrene 4,5-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzo(a)pyrene + O2 = benzo(a)pyrene-cis-4,5-dihydrodiol.


negative regulation of mitotic cytokinesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinesis.


UAA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UAA codon.


bulbus arteriosus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the bulbus arteriosus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The bulbus arteriosus is an elastic heart chamber.


histone H3Y41 kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: histone H3-tyrosine (position 41) + ATP = histone H3-phosphotyrosine (position 41) + ADP. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to the tyrosine residue at position 41 of histone H3.


positive regulation of thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway.


prostaglandin D2 11-ketoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin D2 + H+ + NADPH = 11-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha + NADP+.


versicolorin B synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: versiconal = versicolorin B + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: malonyl-CoA + a palmitoyl-[acp] = 1-heptadecene + 2 carbon dioxide + coenzyme A + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


metal-dependent deNEDDylase activity

An metal-dependent isopeptidase activity that cleaves NEDD8 from a target protein to which it is conjugated.


dehydroaustinol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dehydroaustinol.


stretch-activated, monoatomic cation-selective, calcium channel activity involved in regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens in response to a mechanical stress in the form of stretching, and contributing to the regulation of action potential in a cardiac muscle cell.


aldaric acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldaric acid, any dicarboxylic acid formed by oxidation of by the terminal groups of an aldose to carboxyl group.


peripheral B cell selection

Any B cell selection process that occurs in the periphery.


dGMP salvage

Any process which produces a dGMP from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


Catalysis of the reaction: nitrilotriacetate + OH- = H+ + 2 e- + glyoxylate + iminodiacetate.


pullulan catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pullulan, a neutral linear polysaccharide composed of repeating units of maltotriose joined by alpha-(1,6)-linkages.


positive regulation of cytokinesis, site selection

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of site selection that occurs as part of cytokinesis.


formaldehyde dismutase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 formaldehyde + H2O = methanol + formate.


positive regulation of intracellular sterol transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sterols within cells.


dorsal vessel aortic cell fate commitment

The commitment of dorsal vessel cardioblast cells to an aortic cell fate and their capacity to differentiate into aortic cells. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


L-methionine biosynthetic process from homoserine via O-acetyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-acetyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine.


chloroplast fission

The division of a chloroplast within a cell to form two or more separate chloroplast compartments. This division occurs independently of mitosis.


intracellular ornithine homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of orthinine within a cell.


lactam catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactams, any cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.


CD80 biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD80, a CD marker that occurs on antigen presenting cells such as activated B cells and monocytes that provides a co-stimulatory signal necessary for T cell activation and survival.


Lewis x epitope biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a Lewis x epitope, a trisaccharide (beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine) expressed on several glycolipids, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans of the nervous system. The related Lewis x epitope is formed by alpha(1,3) fucosylation of the N-acetylglucosaminyl residue of a type 2 histo-blood group antigen precursor disaccharide.


negative regulation of flocculation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the non-sexual aggregation of single-celled organisms.


positive regulation of cholangiocyte apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cholangiocyte apoptotic process.


negative regulation of female pigmentation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in females.


lactate 2-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-lactate + O2 = acetate + CO2 + H2O.


cell wall modification involved in fruit ripening

The series of events resulting in chemical or structural alterations of existing cell walls that contribute to fruit ripening.


hypoglossal nerve formation

The process that gives rise to the hypoglossal nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue.


regulation of double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm. Double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm is a type of fertilization where one of the two sperm nuclei from the pollen tube fuses with the egg nucleus to form a 2n zygote, and the other fuses with the two polar nuclei to form the 3n primary endosperm nucleus and then develops into the endosperm. The ploidy level of the 2n zygote and 3n primary endosperm nucleus is determined by the ploidy level of the parents involved. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.


occlusion by symbiont of host vascular system

The process in which an organism reduces the flow of fluid within its host's vascular system, the vessels and tissue that carry or circulate fluids, such as blood, lymph or sap, through the body of an animal or plant. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


coenzyme F420-1:gamma-L-glutamate ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + L-glutamate + factor gamma-F420-1 = GDP + H+ + factor gamma-F420-2 + phosphate.


amylo-alpha-1,6-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen phosphorylase limit dextrin. Limit dextrin is the highly branched core that remains after exhaustive treatment of glycogen with glycogen phosphorylase. It is formed because these enzymes cannot hydrolyze the (1->6) glycosidic linkages present.


acryloyl-CoA reductase (NADH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: propanoyl-CoA + NAD+ = acryloyl-CoA + H+ + NADH.


glycine dehydrogenase (cyanide-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycine + 2 A = HCN + CO2 + 2 AH2.


negative regulation of neuroblast migration

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuroblast migration.


phagosome-lysosome docking

The initial attachment of a phagosome membrane to a lysosome membrane. Docking requires only that the proteins come close enough to interact and adhere.


negative regulation of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation.


canthaxanthin 3-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: canthaxanthin + a reduced electron acceptor + oxygen = adonirubin + an oxidized electron acceptor + H2O.


chromate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: chromate = chromium (III).


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-chloro-2-oxopent-4-enoate + H2O = 5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanate.


L-methionine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-methionine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-methionine is 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid.


islet amyloid polypeptide processing

The formation of mature islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) by posttranslational processing of pro-islet amyloid polypeptide (pro-IAPP).


aldehyde oxygenase (deformylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction a long-chain aldehyde + O2 + 2 NADPH = an alkane + formate + H2O + 2 NADP+.


negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in neural plate anterior/posterior pattern formation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin in the anterior end of the neural plate. This regulation sets up a Wnt signaling gradient along the anterior/posterior axis.


aerobic glycerol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, in the presence of oxygen.


establishment of floral organ orientation

The process that determines the orientation of the floral organs with reference to the central axis of the flower.


regulation of GABA-A receptor activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of GABA-A receptor activity.


sodium-dependent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of organic anions from one side of a membrane to the other, in a sodium dependent manner.


alpha-D-ribose 1-methylphosphonate 5-triphosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + methylphosphonate = alpha-D-ribose 1-methylphosphonate 5-triphosphate + adenine.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 5-phosphate + ADP + H+ = ADP-ribose + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrochelirubine + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 12-hydroxydihydrochelirubine + H2O + NADP+.


cadinene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cadinene.


chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 6 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 6 (CCL6) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


octanol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octanol, the 8-carbon alcohol with the formula C8H17OH.


mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development

The multiplication or reproduction of mesenchymal cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time.


response to non-ionic osmotic stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of non-ionic solutes (e.g. mannitol, sorbitol) in the environment.


regulation of floral organ abscission by signal transduction

The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the level or activity of a second messenger or other downstream target, and ultimately modulating the rate, or extent of floral organ abscission.


regulation of catalase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of catalase activity.


asperthecin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asperthecin, an anthraquinone pigment obtained from the mould Aspergillus nidulans.


cellular response to miconazole

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a miconazole stimulus.


orotic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving orotic acid.


fumarylpyruvate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: fumarylpyruvate + H2O = fumarate + pyruvate + H+.


establishment of planar polarity involved in nephron morphogenesis

Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium that contributes to the shaping of a nephron.


GPI anchor biosynthetic process via N-cysteinyl-glycosylphosphatidylinositolethanolamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-cysteine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a cysteinyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.


D-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome c-553) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-lactate + 2 [Fe(III)cytochrome c553] = 2 [Fe(II)cytochrome c553] + 2 H+ + pyruvate.


plastid DNA replication

The process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized in a plastid.


positive regulation of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation.


L-lyxose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-lyxose, the L-enantiomer of aldopentose lyxo-pentose, the C-2 epimer of xylose.


de-etiolation

The greening response of plants grown in the dark (etiolated) as a result of chloroplast biogenesis and the accumulation of chlorophyll.


protoporphyrinogen IX biosynthetic process from glycine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of protoporphyrinogen IX from other compounds, including glycine.


mannogen catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mannogen, a mannose-containing polysaccharide that is a major energy reserve in Leishmania.


lysosomal enzyme production involved in inflammatory response

The synthesis or release of lysosomal enzymes following a stimulus as part of a inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in intracellular or extracellular levels.


antiphagocytosis

Any process in which a symbiont avoids phagocytosis by a host cell, for example a phagocyte or a macrophage. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


sperm aster formation

Formation and organization of an aster composed of microtubule arrays originating from the sperm basal body and extending virtually to the egg periphery. The sperm aster ensures the appropriate positioning of the male and female pronuclei.


allose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving allose, allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate = 2-oxoglutaramate + L-glutamate.


terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoid indole alkaloids, compounds formed from the condensation of tryptamine (derived from tryptophan) and secologanin (derived from geranyl pyrophosphate).


GPI anchor release

The GPI anchor metabolic process that results in enzymatic cleavage of the anchor, releasing an anchored protein from the membrane.


ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together an ubiquitin ligase and an ubiquitin ligase-substrate adaptor, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way.


regulation of pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway.


voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

Any voltage-gated calcium channel activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration.


vesicle targeting, inter-Golgi cisterna

The process in which vesicles are directed to specific destination membranes during transport from one Golgi cisterna to another.


regulation of activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process.


lipoprotein biosynthetic process via N-acyl transfer

The chemical reactions and pathways by which N-acyl transfer leads to formation of a water-soluble protein-lipid complex.


protein localization to outer membrane

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location the cell outer membrane.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-beta-cholestane-3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-triol + NADPH + O2 = 5-beta-cholestane-3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha,26-tetraol + NADP+ + H2O.


thiosulfate binding

Binding to a thiosulfate, a sulfur oxide that has formula O3S2.


phenol O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phenol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + anisole + H+.


cis-chlorobenzene dihydrodiol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the conversion of a di- or tetrachlorinated dienol to the corresponding catechol.


positive regulation by virus of host cell division

Any process where an infecting virus activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of its host's cell division.


pentitol phosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving pentitol phosphates, any phosphorylated alditol with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.


tolerance induction in Peyer's patch

Tolerance induction taking place in the Peyer's patches.


cap-independent translational initiation of circular RNA

The process where translation initiation recruits the 40S ribosomal subunits in a cap and 5' end independent fashion before an AUG codon is encountered in an appropriate sequence context to initiate circRNA translation.


pancreas regeneration

The regrowth of a destroyed pancreas.


pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside 7-O-glucosyltransferase (acyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside + 1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose <=> pelargonidin 3,7-di-O-beta-D-glucoside + vanillate + H+.


positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a gram-positive bacterium by a neutrophil.


iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-N3'-histidino tetrairon tetrasulfide

The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-N3'-histidino tetrairon tetrasulfide.


apposition of dorsal and ventral imaginal disc-derived wing surfaces

The coming together of the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the imaginal disc-derived wing during the conversion of a folded single layered wing disc to a flat bilayered wing.


D-arabitol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabitol, the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group. The D enantiomer is present in lichens and mushrooms.


larval wandering behavior

The movement of a third instar larva through a substrate in search of a pupation site. This movement occurs without feeding and is characterized by short bursts of forward movement, separated by stops and repeated side-to-side head probes, followed normally by a change in direction.


regulation of acinar cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of acinar cell proliferation.


regulation of nematode larval development, heterochronic

Any process that modulates the consistent predetermined time point at which a nematode larva progresses from an initial condition to a later condition and the rate at which this time point is reached.


Catalysis of the reaction: cirsimaritin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> salvigenin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


negative regulation of compound eye pigmentation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in the compound eye.


biphenyl synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3 malonyl-CoA + benzoyl-CoA = 4 CoA + 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl + 4 CO2.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = NADH + 2 H+ + phthalate.


protein-N-terminal asparagine amidohydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-terminal L-asparaginyl-[protein] + H+ + H2O = N-terminal L-aspartyl-[protein] + NH4+. This reaction is the deamidation of an N-terminal asparagine residue in a peptide or protein.


pronephros formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the pronephros. In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensable for larval life.


specification of segmental identity, head

The specification of the characteristic structures of the head segments following establishment of segment boundaries. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


mannan synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: mannan(n) + GDP-mannose = mannan(n+1) + GDP. This reaction is the formation of the beta-(1->4)-linked mannan backbone in substrates such as galactomannan.


delphinidin 7-O-glucoside acyltransferase (acyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-glucoside + 1-O-4-hydroxybenzoyl-beta-D-glucose <=> delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-(6-O-(p-hydroxybenzoyl)-glucoside) + beta-D-glucose.


protein K33-linked ubiquitination

A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 33 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein.


regulation of response to butan-1-ol

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to butan-1-ol.


RNA-templated viral transcription

A transcription process that uses viral RNA as a template.


circumnutation

The organismal movement by which the tip of a plant organ follows a spiral pattern as a consequence of growth.


cellular response to dithiothreitol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dithiothreitol stimulus.


metanephric macula densa development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric macula densa over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the metanephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus.


trans-synaptic signaling by nitric oxide, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of nitric oxide molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse.


cell wall macromolecule catabolic process involved in cell wall disassembly

The chemical reactions and pathways that result in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall, and contributes to the breakdown of the cell wall.


acyl-CoA 11-(E)-desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an 11,12-saturated fatty acyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H+ + O2 = an (11E)-delta11-fatty acyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O.


TORC1 signaling

A series of intracellular molecular signals mediated by TORC1; TOR (target of rapamycin) in complex with at least Raptor (regulatory-associated protein of TOR), or orthologs of, and other signaling components.


UDP-glucose: 9-methylthiononylhydroximate S-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 9-methylthiononylhydroximate <=> 8-methylthiooctyldesulfoglucosinolate + UDP + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4,5-dihydroxyphthalate = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + CO2.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chloronitrobenzene + NADPH + H+ = 1-chloro-4-nitrosobenzene + NADP+ + H2O.


synaptic transmission, noradrenergic

The vesicular release of noradrenaline (norepinephrine) a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of noradrenaline receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.


arabinonate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinonate = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-arabinonate + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-polyprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-polyprenyl-3-methyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: neoagarobiose + H2O <=> 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose + beta-D-galactoside.


transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

Any transmitter-gated ion channel activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential.


autophagosome organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an autophagosome.


regulation of defense response by callose deposition

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of defense response by callose deposition.


Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage to give 5'-phosphooligonucleotide end-products, with a preference for cleavage within the sequence CC.


Latia-luciferin monooxygenase (demethylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 O2 + donor-H2 + Latia luciferin = light + H2O + acceptor + formate + CO2 + oxidized Latia luciferin.


mycocerosate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + 7n H+ + n methylmalonyl-CoA + 2n NADPH = n CO2 + n CoA + n H2O + multi-methyl-branched acyl-CoA + 2n NADP+.


positive regulation of embryo sac egg cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of embryo sac egg cell differentiation.


negative regulation of embryo sac egg cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of embryo sac egg cell differentiation.


plastid rRNA transcription

The synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from a plastid DNA template, usually by a specific plastid RNA polymerase.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-glutamate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein L-glutamate 5-methyl ester; this reaction is the methylation of peptidyl-L-glutamate to form peptidyl-L-glutamate 5-methyl ester.


cellular response to differentiation-inducing factor 2

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pentan-1-one stimulus.


scytalone dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: scytalone = 1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene + H2O.


regulation of cardiac chamber morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac chamber morphogenesis.


histone H2B acetylation

The modification of histone H2B by the addition of an acetyl group.


diethyl 2-methyl-3-oxosuccinate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: diethyl (2R,3R)-2-methyl-3-hydroxysuccinate + NADP+ = diethyl 2-methyl-3-oxosuccinate + H+ + NADPH.


plant-type ovary development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an ovary that produces an ovule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ovary is the enlarged basal portion of a carpel and matures into a fruit. An ovule is the multicellular structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells, and develops into a seed.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phenylethanol + acetyl-CoA = phenethyl acetate + coenzyme A.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,4-trimethylpentanoate + CoASH = 2,4,4-trimethylpentanoyl-CoA + OH-.


fungal-type cell wall disassembly

A cellular process that results in the breakdown of a fungal-type cell wall.


AGU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AGU codon.


lipid antigen assembly with MHC class Ib protein complex

The binding of a lipid antigen to the antigen binding groove of an MHC class Ib protein complex. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 gene family.


choline biosynthetic process via phosphoryl-ethanolamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), via the intermediate phosphoryl-ethanolamine.


alpha-glucan catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alpha-glucans.


phosphagen biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphagen, any of a group of guanidine phosphates that occur in muscle and can be used to regenerate ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.


Catalysis of the reaction: oxaloacetate + pyridoxamine = L-aspartate + pyridoxal.


calcidiol binding

Binding to calcidiol.


regulation of recycling endosome localization within postsynapse

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transport or maintenance of location of a postsynaptic recycling endosome within the postsynapse.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 7,8,4'-trihydroxyflavone <=> H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 7,4'-dihydroxy, 8-methoxyflavone.


cytoskeleton-nuclear membrane anchor activity

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a cytoskeletal protein or protein complex and a nuclear membrane lipid or membrane-associated protein, in order to maintain the localization of the cytoskeleton at a specific location of the nuclear membrane.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-formylmethanofuran + A + H2O + H+ = AH(2) + CO2 + methanofuran.


modulation of nutrient release by host

Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release of nutrients from its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


macula densa development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the macula densa over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus.


glycine dehydrogenase (cytochrome) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycine + H2O + 2 ferricytochrome c = glyoxylate + NH3 + 2 ferrocytochrome c.


T cell inhibitory signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to a receptor on the surface of a T cell capable of inhibiting an immune effector process contributing to an immune response.


signaling receptor activity

Receiving a signal and transmitting it in the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response.


ecdysteroid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ecdysteroids, a group of polyhydroxylated ketosteroids which initiate post-embryonic development.


tRNA 5'-end processing

The process in which the 5' end of a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to that of a mature tRNA.


hexaprenyl-diphosphate synthase ((2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate specific) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 3 isopentenyl diphosphate = 3 diphosphate + all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate.


protein-DNA covalent cross-linking via peptidyl-threonine

The formation of a covalent cross-link between DNA and a peptidyl-threonine residue by the formation of O-(phospho-5'-DNA)-L-threonine.


protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: protoporphyrinogen IX + acceptor = protoporphyrin IX + reduced acceptor.


regulation of amino acid export

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of amino acid export. Amino acid export is the directed movement of amino acids out of a cell or organelle.


cellular response to fluoxetine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fluoxetine stimulus. Fluoxetine increases the extracellular level of the neurotransmitter serotonin by inhibiting its reuptake into the presynaptic cell, increasing the level of serotonin available to bind to the postsynaptic receptor.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate = D-arabinose + pyruvate.


arabinose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arabinose, arabino-pentose.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-4-methylthiobutanoate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = 2-(2'-methylthio)ethylmalic-acid + coenzyme A + H+.


regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any process that regulates the concentration of calcium in the presynaptic cytosol.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-Selenocystathionine + H2O => L-Selenocysteine + NH3 + 2-Oxobutanoic acid.


4-chlorobiphenyl metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-chlorobiphenyl, a member of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) group of compounds, a very stable group of synthetic organic compounds composed of a biphenyl nucleus with 1-10 chlorine substituents. 4-chlorobiphenyl has been used as a model substrate to investigate PCB degradation.


negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation.


response to histidine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a histidine stimulus.


cellular response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulus. TRH increases the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone by the anterior pituitary.


exogenous protein binding

Binding to a protein or protein complex from a different species, for example a pathogen molecule binding to a host protein.


G protein-coupled bile acid receptor activity

Combining with an extracellular bile acid and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


negative regulation of activated T cell autonomous cell death

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of activated T cell autonomous cell death.


nurse cell nucleus anchoring

Attachment of the nurse cell nucleus to the plasma membrane.


pronephros structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the pronephros. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensable for larval life.


Catalysis of the reaction: myricetin + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> myricetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside + UDP.


crotonaldehyde redutase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (cis)-crotonaldehyde + NADPH + H+ <=> butanal + NADP.


positive regulation of neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway.


inhibitory chemical synaptic transmission

Synaptic transmission that results in an inhibitory postsynaptic potential.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-Selenomethionine + H2O => Orthophosphate + Diphosphate + Se-Adenosylselenomethionine.


establishment of protein localization to juxtaparanode region of axon

The directed movement of a protein to the juxtaparanode region of an axon.


iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via hexakis-L-cysteinyl L-serinyl octairon heptasulfide

The incorporation of iron into a 8Fe-7S iron-sulfur cluster via hexakis-L-cysteinyl L-serinyl octairon heptasulfide, found in nitrogenase.


endothelial cell activation within high endothelial venule involved in immune response

A change in the morphology or behavior of an endothelial cell within a high endothelial venule resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


colicin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a colicin from one side of a membrane to the other. Colicins are a group of antibiotics produced by E. coli and related species that are encoded by a group of naturally occurring plasmids, e.g. Col E1.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4,5-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene + O2 = 4,5-chrysenedicarboxylate.


low-affinity basic amino acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of basic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Basic amino acids have a pH above 7. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.


regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

Any process that modulates the location, frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis involved in conjugation with cellular fusion.


centromere clustering

The process by which centromeres/kinetochores become localized to clusters.


viral extrusion

The process whereby a filamentous phage particle is released from a bacterial host cell via a concerted mechanism of assembly and secretion. Neosynthesized virions are coordinately exported as they are assembled at the cell surface in a secretory process that leaves the host cell fully viable. Non-capsid proteins form structures that facilitate translocation through the inner membrane and outer membranes. A viral single-stranded DNA binding protein coats progeny viral DNA molecules to generate the intracellular precursor for assembly of phage particles as they are extruded through the membranes of the bacterial host. The structural proteins of the virus are anchored in the inner membrane before their incorporation into the phage particle. As assembly proceeds, the phage genome traverses the inner and outer membranes until the entire DNA molecule has been coated and extruded.


Catalysis of the reaction: benzo(a)pyrene + O2 = benzo(a)pyrene-cis-11,12-dihydrodiol.


iodophenol O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-iodophenol + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 1-iodo-2-methoxybenzene + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


sulfide dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen sulfide + oxidized cytochrome c = S + reduced cytochrome c.


negative regulation of heart looping

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of heart looping.


ABC-type ferric iron transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Fe3+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Fe3+(in).


regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity.


regulation of gastric emptying

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any gastric emptying process, the process in which the liquid and liquid-suspended solid contents of the stomach exit through the pylorus into the duodenum.


propanediol transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of propanediol from one side of a membrane to the other. Propanediol is a sweet colorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid used as an antifreeze and in brake fluid; it is also as a humectant in cosmetics and personal care items, although it can be absorbed through the skin with harmful effects.


cyclohexanol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexanol + NAD+ = cyclohexanone + NADH + H+.


negative regulation of acid-sensing ion channel in another organism

Any process in which an organism negatively regulates the activity of a voltage-gated sodium channel in another organism.


maltose transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of maltose from one side of a membrane to the other. Maltose is the disaccharide 4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose, an intermediate in the enzymatic breakdown of glycogen and starch.


sequoyitol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-5-O-methyl-myo-inositol + NAD+ = 2D-5-O-methyl-2,3,5/4,6-pentahydroxycyclohexanone + H+ + NADH.


hydroxyisourate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-hydroxyisourate + H2O = 5-hydroxy-2-oxo-4-ureido-2,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate + H+.


monoterpenoid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monoterpenoid compounds, terpenoids having a C10 skeleton.


positive regulation of oospore formation

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oospore formation, a process in which male and female gametangia develop and fuse to form a thick-walled resting spore of oomycetes.


3-dehydroquinate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-dehydroquinate = 3-dehydroshikimate + H2O.


Catalysis of the transfer of a myristoyl group to the N6 nitrogen atom on a lysine residue of a peptide or protein molecule.


cell wall pectin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues, as part of the organization and biogenesis of the cell wall.


modulation by symbiont of host cell cycle

The process in which a symbiont organism effects a change in its host's cell cycle through direct interactions with the host cell macromolecular machinery.


suppression by virus of host NF-kappaB cascade

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces a host NF-kappaB cascade.


mitochondrial mRNA processing

Steps involved in processing precursor RNAs arising from transcription of operons in the mitochondrial genome into mature mRNAs.


phenylpyruvate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenylpyruvate = phenylacetaldehyde + CO2.


IgM receptor activity

Combining with an immunoglobulin of the IgM isotype via the Fc region, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


detection of activity

The series of events in which an activity stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


(+)-alpha-barbatene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate <=> (+)-alpha-barbatene + diphosphoric acid.


lysobisphosphatidic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a lysobisphosphatidic acid. A lysobisphosphatidic acid is a lysophosphatidic acid having the unusual property of a phosphodiester moiety linked to positions sn-1 and sn1' of glycerol; and two additional fatty acids esterified to the glycerol head group.


maintenance of nucleus location

Any process in which the nucleus is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


regulation of platelet rolling

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of platelet rolling.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate = 2 pyruvate.


horizontal cell localization

Any process in which a horizontal cell is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the retina. A horizontal cell is a neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the retina. Targeting of retinal neurons to the appropriate lamina is vital to establish the architecture of the retina.


positive regulation of interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of an interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway.


aerobic respiration, using carbon monoxide as electron donor

The metabolic process in which carbon monoxide (CO) is oxidized to carbon dioxide (CO2) to generate energy. Conservation of energy in this process likely uses sodium ion gradients for ATP synthesis and is coupled to quantitative sulfide methylation.


epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in lung development

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an epidermal growth factor-type receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. This process contributes to lung development.


tetrachloroethylene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrachloroethylene (tetrachloroethene), a derivative of ethene with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorines. Tetrachloroethene has been used primarily as a solvent in dry-cleaning industries and to a lesser extent as a degreasing solvent.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone <=> H+ + 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone 4'-O-beta-D-glucoside + UDP.


fatty acid amide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a fatty acid amide to yield a fatty acid.


chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


UCA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UCA codon.


transition metal ion binding

Binding to a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver.


endocardial cushion cell fate determination

The process involved in endocardial cushion cell fate commitment. Once determination has taken place, a cell becomes committed to differentiate down a particular pathway regardless of its environment.


detection of hot stimulus involved in thermoception

The series of events in which a hot stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of thermoception.


Catalysis of the reaction: (6E)-8-hydroxygeraniol + 2 NADP <=> (6E)-8-oxogeranial + 2 NADPH + 2 H+.


follicle cell of egg chamber migration

The directed movement of an ovarian follicle cell that takes place during oogenesis. During egg chamber formation, follicle cells migrate to envelop the germ-line cysts and move in between cysts. At stage 10B, follicle cells migrate centripetally between the nurse cells and the oocyte, enclosing the anterior of the egg. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


positive regulation by symbiont of hormone or growth regulator levels in host

The increase by an organism of the levels of hormones or growth regulators in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


corneocyte desquamation

The delamination process that results in the shedding of a corneocyte from the surface of the epidermis.


aspartate N-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-L-aspartate + CoA + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexane-1,3-dione + H2O = 5-oxohexanoate + H+.


response to nitrogen dioxide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrogen dioxide (NO2) stimulus.


acetoin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetoin, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, often as part of a fermentation pathway or for use as a carbon source.


heparin lyase activity

Catalysis of the eliminative cleavage of polysaccharides containing 1,4-linked D-glucuronate or L-iduronate residues and 1,4-alpha-linked 2-sulfoamino-2-deoxy-6-sulfo-D-glucose residues to give oligosaccharides with terminal 4-deoxy-alpha-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups at their nonreducing ends.


negative regulation of glycerol transport

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of glycerol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


mesonephric nephron morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the mesonephric nephron are generated and organized. A mesonephric nephron is the functional unit of the mesonephros.


endonucleolytic cleavage of tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 5S)

Endonucleolytic cleavage of a pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA, and the 5S rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. For example, primary ribosomal RNA transcripts containing three genes, in this order, are produced in E. coli and other prokaryotic species. Note that the use of the word tricistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript.


meiotic prometaphase I

The meiotic cell cycle phase in eukaryotes between meiotic prophase I and meiotic metaphase I. During meiotic prometaphase I, the nuclear envelope breaks down and one kinetochore forms per chromosome. Chromosomes attach to spindle microtubules and begin to move towards the metaphase plate.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: (glycoside, pentoside or hexuronide)(out) + monovalent cation(out) = (glycoside, pentoside or hexuronide)(in) + monovalent cation(in). The cation is Na+, Li+ or H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4,6-dichloro-3-methylcatechol + O2 = 3,5-dichloro-3-methyl-cis,cis-muconate + 2 H+.


formation of quadruple SL/U4/U5/U6 snRNP

Formation of a quadruple snRNP complex composed of the spliced leader (SL) RNA along with the U4/U6-U5 tri-snRNP complex. Interactions that may facilitate this include a duplex between the SL and U6 RNAs and interactions between the U5 RNA and the exon sequence at the 5' splice site within the SL RNA.


snRNA 2'-O-methylation

The posttranscriptional addition of a methyl group to the 2' oxygen atom of a nucleotide residue in an snRNA molecule.


alpha-copaene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alpha-copaene.


positive regulation of cellular defense response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular defense response.


floor plate formation

The formation of a ventral region of glial cells in the neural tube that provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types. The floor plate is evident at the ventral midline by the neural fold stage.


kynurenic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving kynurenic acid, 4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid.


regulation of protein folding in endoplasmic reticulum

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the protein folding process that takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Secreted, plasma membrane and organelle proteins are folded in the ER, assisted by chaperones and foldases (protein disulphide isomerases), and additional factors required for optimal folding (ATP, Ca2+ and an oxidizing environment to allow disulfide bond formation).


biliberdin reductase NAD+ activity

Catalysis of the reaction: bilirubin + NAD+ = biliverdin + NADH+ H+.


carbon-monoxide oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: CO + H2O + ferrocytochrome b-561 = CO2 + 2 H+ + 2 ferricytochrome b-561.


metanephric connecting tubule development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric connecting tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the metanephric nephron; it connects the distal convoluted tubule to the collecting duct in the metanephros.


L-xylitol catabolic process to xylulose 5-phosphate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-xylitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. L-xylitol is converted into L-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to L-xylulose-5-phosphate. This is converted to D-xylulose-5-phosphate via the intermediate L-ribulose-5-phosphate.


NADPH-dependent curcumin reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: curcumin + NADPH + H+ = dihydrocurcumin + NADP+.


L-fucose mutarotase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-L-fucose = beta-L-fucose.


calcium-dependent self proteolysis

The calcium-dependent hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their own peptide bonds.


negative regulation of premature acrosome loss

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the discharge, by sperm, of a single, anterior secretory granule before the sperm reaches to the zona pellucida of the oocyte. The process begins with the fusion of the outer acrosomal membrane with the sperm plasma membrane and ends with the exocytosis of the acrosomal contents.


negative regulation of endothelial cell-matrix adhesion via fibronectin

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell-matrix adhesion via fibronectin.


Catalysis of the reaction: scalarane-17alpha-19-diol <=> all-trans-geranylfarnesol + H2O.


negative regulation of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway.


response to biphenyl

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biphenyl stimulus.


abducens nerve development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the abducens nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The motor function of the abducens nerve is to contract the lateral rectus which results in abduction of the eye.


Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-ribose + H2O = AMP + ribose-1-phosphate.


L-methionine biosynthetic process from homoserine via O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-phospho-L-homoserine and cystathionine.


C-C motif chemokine 2 receptor activity

Combining with the C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


glucosylglycerol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosylglycerol, alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-(1,2)-glycerol.


mesodermal-endodermal cell signaling involved in heart induction

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from mesodermal cells to endodermal cells that contributes to heart induction.


arginine catabolic process to ornithine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including ornithine.


spheroidene monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: spheroidene + O2 = spheroidenone + H2O.


stress response to nickel ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis caused by a nickel ion stimulus.


cellular modified histidine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds derived from histidine, 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid.


cephalic furrow formation

Formation of a partial necklace of inturning tissue on the lateral sides of the embryo, along the dorsal-ventral axis. This furrow demarcates head from thorax in the developing protostome.


organonitrogen compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving organonitrogen compound.


regulation of zygosporangium development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of zygosporangium development, a process in which a fruiting body called zygosporangium is formed.


chloroplast relocation

The process in which chloroplasts in photosynthetic cells migrate toward illuminated sites to optimize photosynthesis and move away from excessively illuminated areas to protect the photosynthetic machinery.


regulation of neural crest cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neural crest cell differentiation.


cellular response to chromate

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chromate stimulus.


hepatocyte growth factor receptor activity

Combining with hepatocyte growth factor receptor ligand and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.


monodictyphenone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monodictyphenone.


negative regulation of systemic acquired resistance

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of systemic acquired resistance.


negative regulation of maltohexaose transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of maltohexaose transport.


dentin mineralization

The process in which calcium salts are deposited into the calcareous tooth structure known as dentin.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate + NAD(P)+ + H2O = (2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate + NAD(P)H + H+.


porphobilinogen synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 5-aminolevulinate = 2 H2O + H+ + porphobilinogen.


skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of satellite cells, resulting in the expansion of the cell population. Satellite cells are quiescent cells that are located between the basal lamina and the plasmalemma of the muscle fiber, which are the main contributors to postnatal muscle growth. In adult muscle, satellite cells become activated to divide and differentiate in response to muscle damage.


maintenance of plant organ identity

The process in which the identity of a plant organ is maintained. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


microtubule cytoskeleton organization involved in establishment of planar polarity

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins and contributes to the establishment of planar polarity.


negative regulation of plus-end directed microtubule sliding

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of plus-end directed microtubule sliding.


regulation of erythrocyte clearance

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of erythrocyte clearance.


cis-aconitamide amidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cis-aconitamide + H2O = cis-aconitate + HN3.


Catalysis of the reaction: (1S,3R,4S)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylate + NAD+ = (1S,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-oxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate + H+ + NADH.


archaeal-specific GTP cyclohydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = 7,8-dihydro-D-neopterin 2',3'-cyclic phosphate + diphosphate +formate + H+. This activity is part of the biosynthesis of methanopterin in Archaea, and requires Fe2+.


plastid inheritance

The partitioning of plastids between daughter cells at cell division.


UDP-glucuronic acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a UDP-glucuronic acid from one side of a membrane to the other. UDP-glucuronic acid is a substance composed of glucuronic acid in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


selenate adenylyltransferase (ATP) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2SeO4 => diphosphate + adenylylselenate.


3-nitrophenol nitroreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-nitrophenol + 2 NADH + 2 H+ = 3-hydroxyaminophenol + 2 NAD+ + H2O.


L-arabinofuranose binding

Binding to L-arabinofuranose.


maintenance of pole plasm mRNA location

The process of maintaining mRNA in a specific location in the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


synaptic signaling by nitric oxide

Cell-cell signaling to or from a synapse, mediated by nitric oxide.


negative regulation of G2/MI transition of meiotic cell cycle

Any signalling pathway that decreases or inhibits the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to MI phase of the meiotic cell cycle.


regulation of glutamate secretion, neurotransmission

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate secretion, neurotransmission.


negative regulation by symbiont of indole acetic acid levels in host

Any process in which an organism reduces the indole acetic acid levels in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


sphingolipid long-chain base 4-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + H+ + a dihydroceramide + NAD(P)H = H2O + a phytoceramide + NAD(P).


isonicotinic acid hydrazide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: isoniazid + H2O = isonicotinate + hydrazine.


lipoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-lipoyl-5'-AMP + L-lysyl-[lipoyl-carrier protein] = (R)-N6-lipoyl-L-lysyl-[lipoyl-carrier protein] + AMP + 2 H+.


positive regulation of FtsZ-dependent cytokinesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Ftsz-dependent cytokinesis.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + streptomycin = 3''-adenylylstreptomycin + diphosphate + H+.


rhombomere 6 structural organization

The process that contributes to creating the structural organization of rhombomere 6. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order.


U6 snRNA 3'-end binding

Binding to a U6 small nuclear RNA (U6 snRNA) at the 3' end.


maintenance of polarity of larval imaginal disc epithelium

The maintenance of an established polarized larval imaginal disc epithelium.


tryptophanase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + H2O = indole + NH4 + pyruvate.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donors, with NAD(P)+ as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a phosphorus- or arsenic-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a NAD(P)+ to NAD(P)H.


Catalysis of the transfer of a glucosyl group from UDP-glucose to the 3'-hydroxy group of a quercetin molecule.


aurachin C monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: aurachin C + O2 + H+ + NAD(P)H <=> aurachin C epoxide + H2O + NAD(P).


neuroendocrine cell differentiation involved in prostate gland acinus development

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquires specialized structural and functions of a neuroendocrine cell of the prostate gland acinus.


response to furfural

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a furfural stimulus.


symbiotic process benefiting host

A process carried out by symbiont gene products that enables a symbiotic interaction with a host organism, that is beneficial to the host organism.


omega-3 fatty acid desaturase activity

Catalysis of the introduction of an omega-3 double bond into the fatty acid hydrocarbon chain.


2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconic acid.


keto-deoxynonulosonic acid (KDN) cytidylyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + KDN = diphosphate + CMP-KDN.


glossopharyngeal nerve structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the glossopharyngeal nerve. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. Various sensory and motor branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply nerve connections to the pharynx and back of the tongue. The branchial motor component contains motor fibers that innervate muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx, and the tympanic branch supplies parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion.


coniferyl aldehyde 5-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + coniferyl aldehyde + NADPH + O2 <=> 5-hydroxy-coniferaldehyde + NADP + H2O.


Cajal-Retzius cell differentiation

The process in which a neuroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a Cajal-Retzius cell, one of a transient population of pioneering neurons in the cerebral cortex. These cells are slender bipolar cells of the developing marginal zone. One feature of these cells in mammals is that they express the Reelin gene.


5-formyluracil DNA N-glycosylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of 5-formyluracil bases by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the oxidized pyrimidine and the deoxyribose sugar.


Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate = diphosphate + CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate.


negative regulation of galactotriose transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of galactotriose transport.


leading edge cell fate commitment

The commitment of cells to leading edge cell fate and their capacity to differentiate into leading edge cells. Leading edge cells are found at the front of a migrating epithelial sheet.


syncytial embryo cellularization

The separation of a syncytial embryo into individual cells.


Catalysis of the reaction: phloroglucinol + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + 3,5-dihydroxyanisole + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


syringal lignin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving syringal lignin.


cysteine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O3-acetyl-L-serine + hydrogen sulfide = L-cysteine + acetate.


trans-translation

A translational elongation process in which transfer of a translating ribosome from one mRNA to another RNA template takes place. Trans-translation occurs during tmRNA release of stalled ribosomes.


ochratoxin A catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ochratoxin A.


canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of endothelial cell migration

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in the positive regulation of endothelial cell migration.


phialide development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of phialides over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Phialides are specialized cells that bud from the ends of metulae on the conidiophore tip. Chains of conidia, or asexual spores, develop from the phialide tips.


toluene 4-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: toluene + 1/2 O2 = 4-hydroxytoluene.


negative regulation of xylose catabolic process to ethanol

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of xylose catabolic process to ethanol.


sterol delta7 reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-dehydroepisterol = 24-methylenecholesterol.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxycyclohexanone + A = AH(2) + cyclohexane-1,3-dione.


mannosylphosphate transferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a mannosylphosphate group from one compound to another.


lipid tube assembly involved in organelle fission

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a macromolecular complex that contains a tube of lipid surrounded by a protein coat involved in membrane shaping of vesicle membranes as organelles undergo fission.


positive regulation of T-helper 1 cell activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell activation.


mineralocorticoid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mineralocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol.


L-tyrosine aminotransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from L-tyrosine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-D-galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine = UDP + D-galactosyl-1,3-beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-(N-acetylneuraminyl)-D-galactosyl-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine.


cytochrome-b5 reductase activity, acting on NADPH

Catalysis of the reaction: NADPH + H+ + 2 ferricytochrome b(5) = NADP+ + 2 ferrocytochrome b(5).


polarity specification of anterior/posterior axis

Any process resulting in the establishment of polarity along the anterior/posterior axis.


cspyrone B1 catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cspyrone B1.


vitamin B6 transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of any of the vitamin B6 compounds, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine and the active form, pyridoxal phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


cyanophycin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanophycin, a non-protein, non-ribosomally produced amino acid polymer composed of an aspartic acid backbone and arginine side groups.


acetyl-CoA assimilation pathway

The pathways by which acetyl-CoA is processed and converted into alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate); methanogenic archaea use these pathways to assimilate acetyl-CoA into the cell.


cellular response to benzoic acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a benzoic acid stimulus.


multiple spine synapse organization, single dendrite

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse between a multiple synapse bouton and a single dendrite.


nickel incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster

The incorporation of nickel into a metallo-sulfur cluster.


hypoglossal nerve maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the hypoglossal nerve to attain its fully functional state. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 = 2-hydroxy-3-(3-oxoprop-1-enyl)but-2-enedioate + H+.


octanol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-octanol + NAD+ = 1-octanal + H+ + NADH.


positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition.


positive regulation of cellular response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus.


kaempferol 3-glucoside 7-O-rhamnosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: kaempferol 3-O-glucoside + UDP-L-rhamnose <=> kaempferol-3-glucoside-7-rhamnoside + UDP.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving (17Z)-protosta-17(20),24-dien-3beta-ol.


(-)-microperfuranone catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (-)-microperfuranone.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + isoflavone = UDP + isoflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoside.


neuroblast activation

A change in the morphology or behavior of a neuroblast resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.


lysine 6-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + NAD+ + L-lysine = NH3 + NADH + allysine.


imidazolone hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-formimidoylglycine => H2O + imidazol-4-one.


ent-kaurenoate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ent-kaurenoate + NADPH + O2 = ent-7-alpha-hydroxykaurenoate + NADP+ + H2O. This is the first of three successive reactions resulting in the oxidation of ent-kaurenoate (ent-kaurenoic acid) to gibberellin 12 (GA12).


response to endogenous stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus arising within the organism.


positive regulation by symbiont of cytokinin levels in host

Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the cytokinin levels in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


'de novo' actin filament nucleation

The actin nucleation process in which actin monomers combine in the absence of any existing actin filaments; elongation of the actin oligomer formed by nucleation leads to the formation of an unbranched filament.


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-glucose + a plant soluble heteroglycan = a plant soluble heteroglycan + maltose.


Catalysis of the reaction: RNA(n+1) + phosphate <=> RNA(n) + a nucleoside diphosphate.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in amylaceous polysaccharides, to remove successive maltohexaose residues from the non-reducing chain ends.


Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)+ + thiomorpholine-3-carboxylate = NAD(P)H + 3,4-dehydro-1,4-thiomorpholine-3-carboxylate.


peptidyl-cysteine modification to L-cysteine persulfide

The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine persulfide.


macropinosomal membrane permeabilization involved in viral entry into host cell

Induction of macropinosome membrane permeabilization triggered by an interaction between the host membrane and a membrane-penetration protein associated with the capsid. Occurs after internalization of the virus in a macropinosome, and results in release of the viral contents from the macropinosome into the host cell cytoplasm.


citronellol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: citronellol + NAD+ = citronellal + NADH + H+.


semicircular canal fusion

Creation of the central hole of the semicircular canal by sealing the edges of the pouch that forms during the process of semicircular canal formation.


anterior mesonephric tubule development

The progression of the anterior mesonephric tubule over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The anterior mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros.


fumarate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of fumarate from one side of a membrane to the other. Fumarate is a key intermediate in metabolism and is formed in the TCA cycle from succinate and converted into malate.


negative regulation of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway.


positive regulation of microglial cell migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell migration.


juvenile hormone binding

Binding to a juvenile hormone, a sesquiterpenoid derivative that function to maintain the larval state of insects at molting and that may be required for other processes, e.g. oogenesis.


extracellular exosome assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an extracellular vesicular exosome, a membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Exosomes are defined by their size, which generally ranges from 30 nm to 100 nm.


11alpha-30-dihydroxy beta-amyrin dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 11alpha,30-dihydroxy-beta-amyrin + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> 30-hydroxy-11-oxo-beta-amyrin + NADP + 2 H2O.


versicolorin reductase activity

Catalysis of the reduction of versicolorin A to sterigmatocystin.


pectin lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a pectin = an oligosaccharide with 4-deoxy-6-O-methyl-alpha-D-galact-4-enuronate end + a pectin. This reaction is the eliminative cleavage of (1->4)-alpha-D-galacturonan methyl ester to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-6-O-methyl-alpha-D-galact-4-enuronosyl groups at their nonreducing ends.


stilbene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving stilbenes, a class of polyketides formed from a molecule of cinnamic acid and three molecules of malonyl-CoA.


defense response by cell wall thickening

A type of cell wall modification, in which the cell wall is reinforced and made thicker, that occurs as part of the defense response of an organism.


patchoulol synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-) <=> seychellene + diphosphoric acid.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin.


exocytic process

The cellular processes that contribute to exocytosis.


endothelin production

The appearance of a endothelin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Endothelins are endothelium-derived vasoactive peptides involved in a variety of biological functions.


cyclic-di-GMP transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of cyclic-di-GMP from one side of a membrane to the other.


intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator

The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of osmotic stress, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.


Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the carbon atom of an arginine residue in a protein. This modification has been detected in anaerobic bacteria.


nor-spermidine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving nor-spermidine, a compound related to spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane.


regulation of ascospore formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ascospore formation. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


intermediate voltage-gated calcium channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by an intermediate voltage-gated channel. An intermediate voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on intermediate voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + H2O = 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate + CoA + H+.


negative regulation of plant epidermal cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of plant epidermal cell differentiation.


positive regulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle fiber contraction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction.


embryonic shoot morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of embryonic shoot are generated and organized.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate + L-aspartate + ATP = (2S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinate + ADP + 2 H+ + phosphate.


cellobiose phosphorylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cellobiose + phosphate = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-glucose.


lys-arg specific dibasic protein processing

Any protein processing achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond after a lysine-arginine amino acid residue combination within a protein.


gibberellin A34,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A34 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 <=> H+ + gibberellin A34-catabolite + succinate + carbon dioxide + H2O.


dorsal/ventral axis specification, ovarian follicular epithelium

Polarization of the ovarian follicle cells along the dorsal/ventral axis. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


membrane bone morphogenesis

The process in which bone which forms deep in the organism are generated and organized.


retrotrapezoid nucleus development

The progression of the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) over time from it's initial formation to its mature state. The retrotrapezoid nucleus is a group of neurons in the rostral medulla, which are responsible regulating respiration.


Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + androst-4-ene-3,17-dione + O2 = A + H2O + testololactone.


cell cycle phase

One of the distinct periods or stages into which the cell cycle is divided. Each phase is characterized by the occurrence of specific biochemical and morphological events.


oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + CoA + NAD+ = succinyl-CoA + CO2 + NADH.


Catalysis of the reaction: cyromazine + H2O = N-cyclopropylammeline + NH3.


larval behavior

Behavior in a larval form of an organism, an immature organism that must undergo metamorphosis to assume adult characteristics.


peptide antibiotic biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptides with antibiotic activity.


R3/R4 cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire the specialized features of R3 and R4 photoreceptors. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


tetrahydrofuran hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tetrahydrofuran + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + 2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoisocaproate + NADH + H+ = (R)-2-hydroxyisocaproate + NAD+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 = 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.


arugosin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arugosin.


CD24 biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD24, a CD marker and cell adhesion molecule that occurs on many B-lineage cells and mature granulocytes, and is involved in B cell activation and differentiation as well as T cell co-stimulation.


mesonephric podocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell. A mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros.