Vaso-Occlusive Crisis in Sickle Cell-Hemoglobin C Disease

Sickle cell-hemoglobin C disease exacerbated by sudden pain caused by sickled erythrocytes impeding blood flow within a vessel.


Refractory Digestive System Carcinoma

biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:ThingWithTaxon

A carcinoma hat arises from any part of the digestive system and is resistant to treatment.


Myeloid Neoplasms with Germline RUNX1 Mutation

An autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by abnormalities in platelet number and function and enhanced risk of developing myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia at a young age. Patients have germline monoallelic mutations in RUNX1 gene. The clinical presentation is variable, even within the same family. Most affected individuals have a mild to moderate bleeding tendency. Platelet counts are normal or mildly reduced, with normal platelet morphology and variable degrees of platelet dysfunction. Distinct families with germline RUNX1 mutations exhibit varying risks of development of myeloid neoplasms with 11-100% (median: 44%) of family members affected. (WHO 2017)


Pancreatobiliary-type carcinoma

An invasive adenocarcinoma that arises from the ampulla of Vater. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells that resemble the malignant cells of the pancreatic ductal or extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas.


Parietal cell carcinoma

An adenocarcinoma of the stomach arising from the parietal cells. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells with eosinophilic, finely granular cytoplasm.


Ischemic Change

biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:ThingWithTaxon

Cellular damage due to diminished oxygen supply to the tissues. The changes may be mild and associated with chronic inflammation, or severe and associated with ulceration, necrosis, and hemorrhage.


Excessive Bruising

Bruising that is disproportionately high to the amount of trauma received or reported.


Clinical Stage IV Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T1-4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Refractory Childhood Central Nervous System Neoplasm

A central nervous system neoplasm in childhood that is resistant to treatment.


Bile Duct Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm, High Grade

A non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts.  It is characterized by the presence of severe atypia.


hepatoid adenocarcinoma of gallbladder

A rare variant of gallbladder adenocarcinoma.  It is characterized by the presence of a malignant glandular epithelial infiltrate that resembles hepatocellular carcinoma.


Elevated bilirubin levels in the blood of a newborn infant. It is a normal response due to the limited ability to excrete bilirubin until the maturation of the neonatal liver is complete.


Abnormal Blood Protein

One or more of the blood protein levels being higher or lower than normal (e.g. Albumin, C-reactive Protein).


Clinical Stage II Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: T1, N1, M0; IIB: T2, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Ventilation or Perfusion Signs and Symptoms


Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

A neuroendocrine carcinoma that has metastasized from an  unknown primary site.


Preinvasive Neoplasm of the Ampullary Region

A premalignant neoplastic and dysplastic lesion that arises from the ampulla of Vater.  It is characterized by the absence of invasion.  This category includes intestinal-type adenomas, noninvasive papillary neoplasms of pancreatobiliary type, and flat intraepithelial neoplasia.


Anal Canal Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

A well differentiated, intermediate grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the anal canal. The mitotic count is 2-20 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is 3 to 20 percent.


Stage IA Esophageal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IA includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: T1, N0, M0, G1, GX, Tumor location: Any. T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1.  Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus.  For adenocarcinoma: T1, N0, M0, G1-2, X. T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated.  G2: Moderately differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Metastatic Digestive System Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from any part of the digestive system and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


undifferentiated carcinoma of appendix

A high grade carcinoma arising from the appendix, characterized by the absence of glandular or squamous differentiation.


Childhood Esophageal Carcinoma

A rare carcinoma of the esophagus that occurs during childhood.


Distal Urethral Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the distal part of the urethra.


Tuberculosis of adrenal glands

Tuberculosis of the adrenal gland.


Testicular Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumor, Mixed Forms

A sex cord-stromal tumor of the testis which may contain any combination of cell types, for example Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, and granulosa cells. Symptoms include testicular swelling and gynecomastia.


Lugano Classification Stage II Bulky Adult Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage II Bulky: Stage II with disease bulk. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Digestive System Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from any part of the gastrointestinal system.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells.


Clinical Stage IV Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Evidence of distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Tumor

A well differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm of low grade arising from the digestive system. It is composed of islands of rounded, oxyphilic, or spindle-shaped cells of medium size, with small vesicular nuclei. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent. The tumor can occur anywhere in the digestive system; approximately 90% arise in the appendix.


Refractory Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

Esophageal adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Stage II Adult Diffuse Mixed Cell Lymphoma

Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II) or localized involvement of a single associated extralymphatic organ or site and its regional lymph nodes with or without other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE). Note: The number of lymph node regions involved may be indicated by a subscript (e.g., II3). (from PDQ)


Chemical Gastritis

Gastritis caused by injury to the gastric mucosa by chemicals. The injury occurs due to reflux of bile and pancreatic enzymes.


Atrophic arthritis

An antiquated term indicating arthritis and bone loss.


Diffuse malignant lymphoma - centroblastic-centrocytic


Stage IIB Gastric Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIB includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T1, N3, M0).  T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates subserosal connective tissue without invasion of visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures.  T4a: Tumor invades serosa (visceral peritoneum).  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  N3: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Supratentorial Ependymoma, YAP1-MAMLD1 Fusion-Positive

A supratentorial ependymoma characterized by a gene fusion involving YAP1 and MAMLD1 genes.


Injury of kidney

Trauma to the kidney.


Carcinoma in situ of fallopian tube

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0.  Tis: Carcinoma in situ (limited to tubal mucosa). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. FIGO no longer includes stage 0. (AJCC 7th ed.)


small cell carcinoma of appendix

An aggressive, high-grade, and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the wall of the appendix. It is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells.


Acute and chronic inflammation

The coexistence of a chronic inflammatory process with a superimposed polymorphonuclear neutrophilic infiltration.


Childhood Pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during childhood.


In situ follicular neoplasia

A follicular neoplasia confined to the germinal centers of the lymph nodes, without evidence of disseminated disease. It is characterized by the replacement of a germinal center by neoplastic centrocytes with uniformly intense positivity for BCL2. The surrounding mantle cuff and lymphoid architecture are intact. It has a low rate of progression to follicular lymphoma, but is often associated with prior or synchronous overt lymphoma.


Benign Familial Infantile Seizures

A genetically heterogenous afebrile seizure disorder of infancy, typically occurring between the third and eight month of life, that is characterized by brief partial seizures occurring in clusters over a day or several days. Psychomotor and neurologic development before and after seizures are normal.


Refractory Anal Canal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Anal canal squamous cell carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Chronic candidiasis

Candidiasis that is persistent or long-standing in nature.


Clear cell adenocarcinoma of lung

A well differentiated morphologic variant of lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the predominance of clear cells.


Benign Germinative Follicular Epithelium Neoplasm

A benign neoplasm involving the germinative follicular epithelium.


Benign neoplasm of extrahepatic bile ducts

A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts.


Localized Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the gastroesophageal junction and has not spread to other anatomic sites.


Cervical Non-Neoplastic Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the cervix. Representative examples include endometriosis and cervicitis.


Malignant Lymphoma, Non-Cleaved Cell Type


Stage II Vulvar Cancer AJCC v7

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0.  T2: Vulvar cancer with tumor of any size with extension to adjacent perineal structures (lower/distal 1/3 urethra, lower/distal 1/3 vagina, anal involvement).  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Carcinoma Arising in Bladder Diverticulum

A carcinoma arising in a bladder diverticulum. Approximately one-third to half of the cases represent non-invasive, low-grade or high-grade urothelial carcinomas. Approximately half of the invasive carcinomas are urothelial. The rest include adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and small cell carcinomas.


Stage IV Low Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


Unresectable Osteosarcoma

An osteosarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection.


Device Complication

Any problem arising from the use of a medical device.


Decreased Concomitant Drug AUC

Decreased area under the plot of plasma concentration of a concomitant drug against time after its administration.


Giant cell and spindle cell carcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of giant, pleomorphic cells and spindle cells.


Hookworm Infections

An infection that is caused by hookworms.


Gallbladder Benign Non-Epithelial Neoplasm

A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from the gallbladder wall.  The neoplastic process does not involve the epithelial layer. Representative examples include leiomyoma, lipoma, and neurofibroma.


Borderline Fallopian Tube Endometrioid Tumor

A neoplasm of low malignant potential arising from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by the presence of glandular or cystic spaces which contain atypical glandular epithelial cells resembling endometrial cells.  There is no evidence of stromal invasion.


Non-T Non-B CALLA Positive Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

A non-T, non-B, acute lymphoblastic leukemia in which the lymphoblasts are positive for the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) occurring in adults.


Pathologic Stage IIA Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIA includes: T2-3, N0, M0. T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected on pathologic examination. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Non-Neoplastic Corneal Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the cornea.


Hodgkin's disease mixed cellularity stage I site unspecified

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage I: Involvement of a single lymph node region (I); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in the absence of any lymph node involvement (IE) (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma).


Vulvar Warty Carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of a warty surface and cellular changes that are caused by human papillomavirus infection.


Appendix Enterochromaffin Cell Serotonin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor

A well differentiated neuroendocrine tumor arising from the wall of the appendix.  It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells forming round solid nests and occasionally glandular structures.  The majority of the cases are asymptomatic, and they are found incidentally in appendectomy specimens.  The majority of the tumors are located in the distal end of the appendix and they are enterochromaffin-cell carcinoid tumors producing serotonin.  Most cases show morphologic evidence of appendiceal wall and lymphatic vessel invasion by tumor cells.  Despite the morphologic evidence of invasion, appendiceal carcinoid tumors only infrequently produce lymph node or distant metastases.


Laboratory Test Result

The outcome of a laboratory test.


Intimal dissection

A dissection of an artery that occurs though a tear in the inner lining of the blood vessel.


Advanced Pancreatobiliary Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the pancreas, bile ducts, gallbladder, or ampulla of Vater and has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Tissue Kallikrein Deficiency

A disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of tissue-type kallikrein activity in the tissues and glandular secretions where it is normally present.


Cutaneous Melanoma by AJCC v6 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of cutaneous melanoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v6 classification system.


Normal Laboratory Test Result

A laboratory test result indicating the results of the lab test are within normal parameters for the age and population.


Alpha trait thalassemia

A condition in which a person has reduced protein production from two of the four alpha-globin alleles.


Glandular Cell Intraepithelial Neoplasia


Virus-Related Lymphoma

Lymphoma that is caused by a virus infection.


Atypical hyperplasia of breast

A general term that refers to atypical hyperplastic proliferations of the epithelial cells in the breast parenchyma.  Examples include atypical ductal hyperplasia, atypical lobular hyperplasia, and columnar cell hyperplasia with atypia.


Endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma

A rare, low-grade sweat gland carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. It usually arises on the eyelids and periorbital skin. It affects mostly older individuals. Women are affected more frequently than men. Morphologically, it is characterized by well-demarcated nodules with cystic, papillary, or cribriform architectural patterns. The neoplastic cells are small to intermediate polygonal to round cells. Small amounts of intracellular or extracellular mucin are present. In some cases, this carcinoma is a precursor of mucinous carcinoma.


Refractory Non-Cutaneous Melanoma

Non-cutaneous melanoma that is resistant to treatment.


benign fibrous histiocytoma of bone

A rare, benign neoplasm, usually arising from the non-metaphyseal regions of long bones or pelvis.  It is characterized by the presence of fibroblastic spindle cells arranged in a whorled storiform pattern, osteoclast-like giant cells, foam cells, inflammatory cells, hemosiderin deposition and stromal hemorrhage.


Musculoskeletal Chest Pain due to Intercostal Myofascial Injury

A condition in which there is musculoskeletal chest pain secondary to trauma to the connective tissues between the ribs. (ACC/AHA)


Spinal Injury Related to Birth

An injury to the spine sustained during the birthing process.


Metastatic Meningioma

A meningioma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Stage IVB Vaginal Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Spinal Cord Infarct During Birth

Ischemic necrosis of the spinal cord due to spinal artery occlusion during the birthing process.


Recurrent Childhood Gemistocytic Astrocytoma

The reemergence of gemistocytic astrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission.


Residual schizophrenia

A subtype of schizophrenia in which the individual has suffered an episode of schizophrenia but there are no longer any delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech or behavior. Residual symptoms are seen in the form of negative symptoms (such as flat affect or avolition) or attenuated positive symptoms (such as odd beliefs).


Decreased Time To Concomitant Drug Peak Blood Concentration

Decreased time following concomitant drug administration at which the peak drug blood concentration occurs.


Stage III Ampulla of Vater Cancer AJCC v7

Stage III includes: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Tumor invades peripancreatic soft tissues or other adjacent organs or structures other than the pancreas.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


HIV Encephalopathy

Encephalopathy resulting from AIDS.


Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor G3

A well differentiated, high grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. The Ki-67 index is higher than 20%.


Polygenic Obesity

Obesity associated with variations in multiple genes.


Port Site Infection

An infection at an anatomic location used for vascular access.


Sunstroke

A reaction to prolonged exposure to high temperatures that can result in a failure of the body's temperature control system. It is often characterized by body temperature over 105 degrees, dehydration, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and muscle weakness.


Acute Radiation Skin Toxicity

Erythema, desquamation, and other cutaneous injury resulting from, and occurring within days or weeks of, radiation exposure.


Stage III Appendix Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v7

Stage III includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T4: Tumor directly invades other adjacent organs or structures, e.g., abdominal wall and skeletal muscle.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia-2

A chronic myelomonocytic leukemia characterized by the presence of 10-19 percent blasts in the bone marrow and 5-19 percent blasts in the peripheral blood or by the presence of Auer rods regardless of the blasts count.


Birth Complication

The development of a problematic medical situation that occurs concurrently with the birth of a neonate.


Ann Arbor Stage II AIDS-Related Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in association with regional lymph node involvement with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE).


Unresectable Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

A neuroendocrine neoplasm that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Dissociative Hysteria

A disorder characterized by sudden, unexpected travel away from one's home or place of work accompanied by an inability to recall one's past; the individual is confused about his or her personal identity and may assume a new identity.


Aplastic anemia due to drugs

A state of bone marrow suppression and failure that is caused by a cytotoxic or adverse immunologic response to a drug treatment, leading to a failure of production of red blood cells, white cells and platelets.


Stage IIA Bone Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIA includes: T1, N0, M0, G2 or G3. T1: Tumor measuring 8 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G2: Moderately differentiated, high grade. G3: Poorly differentiated, high grade. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Proximal Gastric Adenocarcinoma

A gastric adenocarcinoma that arises from the proximal part of the stomach.


Fallopian Tube Cancer by AJCC v6 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of fallopian tube carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


Part-Solid Ground-Glass Pulmonary Nodule

A term that refers to a pulmonary nodule in which part of the ground-glass opacity completely obscures the parenchyma on CT scan examination.


Fistula of gallbladder

An abnormal communication between the gallbladder and another organ or cavity.


Aorticopulmonary Septal Defect

A congenital heart malformation characterised by incomplete separation of the truncus arteriosus and the aorticopulmonary trunk, resulting in communication between the aorta and pulmonary trunk.


FIGO Grade 3 Endometrial Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

A primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the endometrium that contains more than 50% non-squamous solid areas.


Eruption cyst of jaw

A variant of dentigerous cyst found in the soft tissues overlying an erupting tooth. (WHO 2017)


High Grade Gastric Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A gastric intraepithelial lesion characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells that are cuboidal with a high nucleus to cytoplasmic ratio, prominent nucleoli, significant architectural changes, and increased number of mitotic figures.


Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of intrahepatic bile duct cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinomas (mixed hepatocholangiocarcinomas), and primary neuroendocrine tumors of the liver. Primary sarcomas of the liver, pure hepatocellular carcinomas, hilar cholangiocarcinomas, and gallbladder carcinomas are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Acral Edema

Accumulation of an excessive amount of watery fluid in cells or intercellular tissues of the hands and feet.


Early Inflammatory Arthritis

Early stages of inflammatory arthritis, when the underlying diagnosis is uncertain, usually little or no joint damage has occurred. Treatment may alter the disease course (e.g., potentially avert progression to full RA or other diagnosis).


Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation

An acute myeloid leukemia with minimal differentiation occurring in adults.


Bladder granuloma

A granuloma that develops in the urinary bladder.


Non-Neoplastic Respiratory System Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the respiratory system.  Representative examples include pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary failure, tracheitis, and tracheal agenesis.


Prostate Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Cribriform Pattern

A prostate ductal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of neoplastic large back-to-back glands with slit-like lumens.


Increased Drug Half Life

Increased period of time required for the concentration or amount of drug in the body to be reduced to exactly one-half of a given concentration or amount.


Adult Pineocytoma

A pineocytoma occurring in adults.


Recurrent Neoplastic Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

The reemergence of neoplastic post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder after a period of remission.


Incised wound

A wound or cleft resulted from tissue separation into parts or laid open or penetrated with a sharp edge or instrument.


Unresectable Fallopian Tube High Grade Serous Adenocarcinoma

Fallopian tube high-grade serous adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


An epithelioid hemangioendothelioma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Fallopian Tube Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of fallopian tube cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


Squamous cell carcinoma in situ with questionable stromal invasion

A malignant epithelial neoplasm involving all the layers of the squamous epithelium, but it is not certain if it is confined to the squamous epithelium or it has invaded the basement membrane and the underlying stroma.


Adenocarcinoma with spindle cell metaplasia

An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by focal or extensive transformation of the malignant glandular cells to spindle-shaped cells.


Unresectable Cervical Carcinoma

Cervical carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage II Uterine Corpus Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor invading the stromal connective tissue of the cervix but not extending beyond the uterus. Does not include endocervical glandular involvement. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Cancer-related Cognitive Dysfunction

The effects of cancer and its treatments on cognitive processes.


Prostate cancer stage D

Metastatic disease.


Polyp of esophagus

A benign intraluminal polypoid neoplasm of the esophagus.  It includes the squamous papilloma and the giant fibrovascular polyp.


mitochondrial endopeptidase Clp complex

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A Clp endopeptidase complex located in the mitochondrion.


peritoneum

biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity[VHOG,modified].


thoracic vertebra 8

The eighth thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


bone of dorsum

A bone that is part of the dorsal region of an animal.


mammalian cervical vertebra 3

The third of the seven cervical vertebrae[ncit,modified].


thoracic vertebra 5

The fifth thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


mammalian cervical vertebra 7

Vertebra prominens is the proper name for the seventh cervical vertebra. The most distinctive characteristic of this vertebra is the existence of a long and prominent spinous process which is palpable from the skin surface, hence the name. This spinous process is thick, nearly horizontal in direction, not bifurcated, but terminating in a tubercle to which the lower end of the ligamentum nuchae is attached. The seventh cervical vertebra (C7) has the most prominent spinous process only in about 70% of people; in the remainder, either C6 or T1 (the first thoracic vertebra) will be the most prominent. The transverse processes are of considerable size, their posterior roots are large and prominent, while the anterior are small and faintly marked; the upper surface of each has usually a shallow sulcus for the eighth spinal nerve, and its extremity seldom presents more than a trace of bifurcation. The foramen transversarium may be as large as that in the other cervical vertebrae, but is generally smaller on one or both sides; occasionally it is double, sometimes it is absent. On the left side it occasionally gives passage to the vertebral artery; more frequently the vertebral vein traverses it on both sides; but the usual arrangement is for both artery and vein to pass in front of the transverse process, and not through the foramen. Sometimes the anterior root of the transverse process attains a large size and exists as a separate bone, which is known as a cervical rib.


thoracic vertebra 2

The second thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


thoracic vertebra 11

The eleventh thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


lumbar vertebra 3

The third lumbar vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


proatlas

A small, paired bony element (more rarely, having fused parts) located between the skull and the atlas in tuataras, crocodiles, chameleons, and many fossil reptiles; it is uncommon in turtles and mammals (hedgehog). The proatlas apparently develops from the ossified neural part of the sclerotome. Externally it resembles the neural arch of the vertebra, since it articulates anteriorly with the lateral occipital bone and posteriorly with the anterior articular process of the atlas.


lumbar vertebra 5

The fifth lumbar vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


mammalian cervical vertebra 6

The sixth of the seven cervical vertebrae[ncit,modified].


thoracic vertebra 3

The third thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


thoracic vertebra 10

The tenth thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


thoracic vertebra 4

The fourth thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


lumbar vertebra 2

The second lumbar vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


thoracic vertebra 6

The sixth thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


trunk or cervical vertebra

A vertebra in the trunk or cervical region. Includes all cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, but excludes caudal vertebra.


lumbar vertebra 4

The fourth lumbar vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


mammalian cervical vertebra 4

The fourth of the seven cervical vertebrae[ncit,modified].


lumbar vertebra 1

The first lumbar vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


thoracic vertebra 1

The first thoracic vertebra counting from the top down. Note that members of this class are not necessarily homologous[ncit,modified].


duplex uterus

The duplex uterus is doubled, and is found in monotremes, marsupials, elephants and rodents.


manual digit 4 epithelium

An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 4.


cortex of manus bone

The outer or sperficial part of a bone of the manus.


posterior lateral line neuromast

Neuromast that is part of the posterior lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.).


palatine gland

The palatine glands form a continuous layer on its posterior surface and around the uvula. They are primarily mucous secreting glands, as opposed to serous or mixed secreting glands. [WP,unvetted].


respiratory system arteriole

An arteriole that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].


signal recognition particle, plasma membrane targeting

A complex consisting of a protein and RNA component which binds the signal sequence of some proteins and facilitates their export to or across the plasma membrane.


lateral ventricle ependyma

An ependyma that is part of a lateral ventricle [Automatically generated definition].


ependyma

The thin epithelium-like membrane composed of ependymal cells that lines the ventricular system of the brain and the spinal cord.


fourth ventricle ependyma

An ependyma that is part of a fourth ventricle [Automatically generated definition].


A 4-hydroxy-D-proline in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has R-configuration.


hydroxyproline

A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group.


The D-stereoisomer of 4-hydroxyproline.


monohydroxyproline

A hydroxy-amino acid in which the amino acid specified is proline. A "closed" class.


The L-stereoisomer of 4-hydroxyproline.


L-Proline in which a hydrogen at the 4-position of the pyrrolidine ring is substituted by a hydroxy group (S-configuration).


cervical gland

Mucus-secreting glands in the mucosa of the uterine cervix.


endometrial gland

The mucous secreting gland associated with the mucuous membrane lining the uterus.


transcription factor TFIIIB-alpha complex

A transcription factor TFIIIB-beta complex that contains the TATA-binding protein (TBP), B'' and a specialized homolog of the conserved subunit BRF referred to as BRFU or TFIIIB50, which found in human but not conserved in yeast; the complex is involved in the regulation of transcription from type 3 (upstream) RNA polymerase III promoters.


An  alkaloid that is a carbotricyclic compound comprising 5,6,7,9-tetrahydrobenzo[a]heptalene having four methoxy substituents at the 1-, 2-, 3- and 10-positions as well as an oxo group at the 9-position and an acetamido group at the 7-position. It has been isolated from the plants belonging to genus Colchicum.


somite 12

Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk segment 12 or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995.


skin of face

A zone of skin that is part of the face.


skin of eyelid

A zone of skin that is part of a eyelid [Automatically generated definition].


mesonephric collecting duct

The collecting duct is the final common path through which urine flows before entering the ureter and then emptying into the bladder[GO].


Isoxazole

A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of  isoxazoles.


intestinal brush border layer

biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A brush border layer that is part of a intestine.


nutrient

A nutrient is a food component that an organism uses to survive and grow.


pharyngeal arch artery 3

The vessels formed within the third pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis.


Golgi trans cisterna membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the thin, flattened compartments that form the trans portion of the Golgi complex.


Golgi medial cisterna membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the thin, flattened compartments that form the medial portion of the Golgi complex.


Golgi cis cisterna membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the thin, flattened compartments that form the cis portion of the Golgi complex.


myosin V complex

A myosin complex containing a dimer of class V myosin heavy chains and associated light chains; involved in intracellular transport. Myosin V is a dimeric molecule consisting of conserved motor domains followed by 6 IQ motifs which bind specific light chains and calmodulin. The tail domain is important for cellular localization and cargo binding and can be divided into an alpha-helical coiled coil region and a C-terminal globular region.


excinuclease repair complex

Any of the protein complexes formed by the UvrABC excinuclease system, which carries out nucleotide excision repair. Three different complexes are formed by the 3 proteins as they proceed through the excision repair process. First a complex consisting of two A subunits and two B subunits bind DNA and unwind it around the damaged site. Then, the A subunits disassociate leaving behind a stable complex between B subunits and DNA. Now, subunit C binds to this B+DNA complex and causes subunit B to nick the DNA on one side of the complex while subunit C nicks the DNA on the other side of the complex. DNA polymerase I and DNA ligase can then repair the resulting gap.


axon cytoplasm

Any cytoplasm that is part of a axon.


kinesin I complex

A complex of two kinesin heavy chains and two kinesin light chains.


minus-end kinesin complex

Any complex that includes a dimer of molecules from the kinesin superfamily and any associated proteins, and moves towards the minus end of a microtubule.


posterior semicircular canal

The posterior semicircular canal is a part of the vestibular system and detects rotations of the head in the sagittal plane.


Oxazole

A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.


cephalic vein

A superficial vein of the upper limb that communicates with the basilic vein via the median cubital vein at the elbow and is located in the superficial fascia along the anterolateral surface of the biceps brachii muscle. Superiorly the cephalic vein passes between the deltoid and pectoralis major muscles and through the deltopectoral triangle, where it empties into the axillary vein. It is often visible through the skin, and its location in the deltopectoral groove is fairly consistent, making this site a good candidate for cannulation. It is often referred to as the 'House-man's Friend' for this reason and is generally a good place for cannulaton when a large bore cannula needs to be sited. [WP,modified].


Benzoxazole

A benzoxazole in which the benzene ring is fused to a 1,3-oxazole ring across positions 4 and 5.


anterior lateral line neuromast

Neuromast that is part of the anterior lateral line. Kimmel et al, 1995. (Also see Anatomical Atlas entry for lateral line by T. Whitfield.).


long-chain primary fatty alcohol

A long-chain fatty alcohol in which the hydroxy group is attached to a methylene (CH2) group.


macropinocytic cup membrane

The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a macropinocytic cup.


Skin Between the Eyebrows

The integumentary covering located medial to the orbital ridges and superior to the nose.


(R)-cyclopentolate

The (R)-enantiomer of cyclopentolate.


(S)-cyclopentolate

The (S)-enantiomer of cyclopentolate.


sensory dendrite

A dendrite that is found on a sensory neuron, and directly transduces a sensory signal from the sensory neuron to another neuron.


skeletal muscle tissue of tibialis anterior

A portion of skeletal muscle tissue that is part of a tibialis anterior [Automatically generated definition].


long ciliary nerve

A branch of the nasociliary nerve that innervates the ciliary muscles, the iris, and the cornea.


iris nerve

Any nerve that innervates the iris.


descending aorta

The descending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system from the arch of aorta to the point where it divides into the common iliac arteries[GO]. The descending aorta is part of the aorta, the largest artery in the body. The descending aorta is the part of the aorta beginning at the aortic arch that runs down through the chest and abdomen. The descending aorta is divided into two portions, the thoracic and abdominal, in correspondence with the two great cavities of the trunk in which it is situated. Within the abdomen, the descending aorta branches into the two common iliac arteries which serve the legs. [WP,unvetted].


section of aorta

Any portion of the aorta including the ascending and descending aorta, and aortic arch or a portion of the aortic orifice of the left ventricle.


ascending aorta

The ascending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system that lies between the heart and the arch of aorta[GO]. A portion of the aorta commencing at the upper part of the base of the left ventricle, on a level with the lower border of the third costal cartilage behind the left half of the sternum; it passes obliquely upward, forward, and to the right, in the direction of the heart's axis, as high as the upper border of the second right costal cartilage, describing a slight curve in its course, and being situated, about 6 cm behind the posterior surface of the sternum. The total length is about 5 cm in length [Wikipedia].


arch of aorta

The convex portion of the aorta between the ascending and descending parts of the aorta; branches from it include the brachiocephalic trunk, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery; the brachiocephalic trunk further splits to form the right subclavian artery and the right common carotid artery.


tail vein

A vein that is part of a tail [Automatically generated definition].


caudal vein

Vein in the tail returning blood from the trunk and tail to the heart, leads directly into the posterial cardinal vein in the posterior trunk. Kimmel et al, 1995.[ZFIN].


parachordal vessel

Vessels run longitudinally along the horizontal myoseptum. These vessels are not functional until after lumenization which occurs near 4 dpf. Isogai et al. 2003.


coccygeal nerve

The coccygeal nerve is the spinal nerve that corresponds to the coccyx bone.


sacral nerve

The five sacral nerves emerge from the sacrum. Although the vertebral components of the sacrum are fused into a single bone, the sacral vertebrae are still used to number the sacral nerves. Posteriorly, they emerge from the posterior sacral foramina, and form the posterior branches of sacral nerves. Anteriorly, they emerge from the anterior sacral foramina, and contribute to the sacral plexus (S1-S4) and coccygeal plexus.


Spinal Dorsal Nerve

The posterior root of a spinal nerve, which emerges from the dorsal part of the spinal cord and transmits sensory information via an ascending tract to the brain.


A homodimeric, bifunctional enzyme complex which catalyzes the synthesis and degradation of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, and is required for both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.


ER-to-endosome phospholipid transfer complex

Lipid transfer complex that is responsible for the non-vesicular transport of phospholipids, such as phosphatidylserine, from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosome. It resides in the endosomal (acceptor) membrane and binds to specific lipids on the donor membrane at the ER-endosome contact site.


cytoplasmic side of Golgi membrane

The side (leaflet) of the Golgi membrane that faces the cytoplasm.


external side of mycolate outer membrane

The side (leaflet) of the mycolate outer membrane that faces the environment and any proteins embedded in it or loosely bound to its surface.


lumenal side of early endosome membrane

The side (leaflet) of the early endosome membrane that faces the lumen.


lumenal side of transport vesicle membrane

The side (leaflet) of the transport vesicle membrane that faces the lumen.


periplasmic side of plasma membrane

The side (leaflet) of a plasma membrane that faces the periplasm, and all proteins embedded in it or attached to its surface.


cytoplasmic side of mitochondrial outer membrane

The external (cytoplasmic) face of the mitochondrial outer membrane.


lumenal side of endosome membrane

The side (leaflet) of the endosome membrane that faces the lumen.


matrix side of mitochondrial inner membrane

The side (leaflet) of the mitochondrial inner membrane that faces the matrix.


lumenal side of late endosome membrane

The side (leaflet) of the late endosome membrane that faces the lumen.


cytoplasmic side of transport vesicle membrane

The side (leaflet) of the transport vesicle membrane that faces the cytoplasm.


stromal side of plastid inner membrane

The side (leaflet) of the plastid inner membrane that faces the stroma, and any proteins embedded in it or loosely bound to its surface.


periplasmic side of cell outer membrane

The side (leaflet) of the outer membrane that faces the periplasm of the cell.


cytoplasmic side of trans-Golgi network transport vesicle membrane

The side (leaflet) of the trans-Golgi network transport vesicle membrane that faces the cytoplasm.


internal side of mycolate outer membrane

The side of the mycolate outer membrane that faces the cell wall peptidoglycan. It is rich in long-chain mycolic acids (hydroxylated branched-chain fatty acids) that are covalently linked to the cell wall peptidoglycan via an arabinogalactan network.


cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane, cell tip

The leaflet the plasma membrane at the cell tip that faces the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface.


lumenal side of plastid thylakoid membrane

The side (leaflet) of the plastid thylakoid membrane that faces the lumen, and any proteins embedded in it or loosely bound to its surface.


external side of apical plasma membrane

The leaflet the apical region of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface.


cytoplasmic side of dendritic spine plasma membrane

The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface surrounding a dendritic spine.


lumenal side of trans-Golgi network transport vesicle membrane

The side (leaflet) of the trans-Golgi network transport vesicle membrane that faces the lumen.


stromal side of plastid thylakoid membrane

The side (leaflet) of the plastid thylakoid membrane that faces the stroma, and any proteins embedded in it or loosely bound to its surface.


lumenal side of Golgi membrane

The side of the Golgi membrane that faces the lumen.


cytoplasmic side of smooth endoplasmic reticulum membrane

The side (leaflet) of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum membrane that faces the cytoplasm.


cytoplasmic side of rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane

The side (leaflet) of the rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane that faces the cytoplasm.


external side of cell outer membrane

The side of the outer membrane that is opposite to the side that faces the periplasm of the cell.


cochlear basement membrane

The the continuous basement membrane found within the membranous labyrinth of the cochlea, known to extend from the limbus, down to the inner sulcus, across the basilar membrane, up to the external sulcus to the spiral prominence and radiating into the spiral ligament ensheathing the root cell processes.


carapacial ridge ectoderm

An epithelium that is part of a carapacial ridge.


mitotic spindle pole body

The microtubule organizing center that forms as part of the mitotic cell cycle; functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome.


old mitotic spindle pole body

The spindle pole body that exists in a cell prior to spindle pole body duplication. An old spindle pole body segregates to the daughter cell upon mitosis, and lacks active proteins involved in signaling exit from mitosis.


new mitotic spindle pole body

The spindle pole body that is formed by spindle pole body duplication, and to which proteins involved in mitotic exit signaling (for example, the septation initiation network in fission yeast) localize.


tetramine

Any polyamine that contains four amino groups.


brain arachnoid mater

An arachnoid mater that surrounds a brain.


nucleobase analogue

A molecule that can substitute for a normal nucleobase in nucleic acids.


IgG B cell receptor complex

An IgG immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgG isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins.


mitochondrial inner membrane assembly complex

A protein complex that promotes the biogenesis of mitochondrial F1Fo-ATP synthase by facilitating assembly of the peripheral stalk. Loss of INAC function causes dissociation of the F1-domain from the membrane-integral Fo-portion.


Gram-negative-bacterium-type cell wall

The peptidoglycan layer of the Gram-negative cell envelope. In Gram-negative cells the peptidoglycan is relatively thin (1-2nm) and is linked to the outer membrane by lipoproteins. In Gram-negative cells the peptidoglycan is too thin to retain the primary stain in the Gram staining procedure and therefore cells appear red after Gram stain.


superficial temporal vein

The superficial temporal vein is a vein of the side of the head. [WP,unvetted].


musculus rectus abdominis profundus

A component of the rectus abdominal muscle that is some taxa (see comment) forms a disctinct and separate muscle.


Parathyroid Gland Follicle

A follicle believed to be formed by degeneration of suppressed chief cells. Secretion of hormonal and/or other substances into intercellular spaces progressively forms follicular cavities.


parathyroid epithelium

An epithelium that is part of a parathyroid gland.


photoreceptor cell terminal bouton

A specialized region of the axon terminus portion of a photoreceptor cell axon. A photoreceptor cell is a neuron specialized to detect and transduce light.


Inferior radioulnar joint structure

The articulation of the head of the ulna bone and the ulnar notch of the radius; the distal radioulnar joint is a pivot joint that functions in pronation and supination of the forearm.


risorius muscle

Facial muscle that attaches to the fascia of the masseter muscle and the facia of the skin in the region of the corner (angle) of the mouth. Even in species in which this muscle is present, it is highly variable. A true risorius muscle may only be present in Hominins (humans and great apes). See Diogo 2008; Diogo et al., 2009; Burrows et al.., 2011., also DuBrul, 1980.


spiral organ of cochlea

The organ of Corti (or spiral organ) is the organ in the inner ear of mammals that contains auditory sensory cells, or 'hair cells.' [WP,unvetted].


recycling endosome lumen

The volume enclosed by the membranes of a recycling endosome.


lip epithelium

An epithelium that is part of a lip.


Lewy body-like hyaline inclusion

Cytoplasmic inclusion found in neurons. It consists of filaments and granular materials, exhibits a dense core with a rough peripheral halo and lacks a limiting membrane. The filaments of these inclusions are composed of approximately 15-25 nm granule-coated fibrils in association with normal 10-nm neurofilaments.


submucosal gland

Gland of the lamina epithelialis mucosae which perforate the lamina muscularis, with their adenomeres located in the submucosal connective tissue.


submucosal esophageal gland

One of the racemose glands in the walls of the esophagus that in humans are small and serve principally to lubricate the food but in some birds secrete a milky fluid on which the young are fed.


bronchus submucosal gland

A submucosal gland located in a bronchus.


trachea gland

A tubuloacinar seromucous gland that is located principally in the submucosa of the trachea. Excretory ducts from this gland pass through the lamina propria to the tracheal lumen.


airway submucosal gland

A submucosal gland found in a respiratory tract.


cartilago sesamoides

A sesamoid found in the found in the ligamentum calcanei of a wide variety of frogs. (based on Nussbaum, R. A. 1982.


caveola bulb

The region of a caveola that extends into the cytoplasm, excluding the neck (rim). This region is associated with intracellular caveola proteins.


posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal lymph node

Superior pancreaticoduodenal lymph node located on the posterior aspect of superior portion of head of pancreas.


medial ligament of ankle joint

A skeletal ligament that connects a tibia and connects a tarsal skeleton.


collagen anchoring fibril

A specialised collagen fibril that functions as an anchor, binding to other collagen structures.


collagen type VII anchoring fibril

An antiparallel dimer of two collagen VII trimers, one end of which is embedded in the lamina densa while the other end attaches to banded collagen fibrils in the dermis.


cytosolic DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex

The eubacterial DNA-directed RNA polymerase is a multisubunit complex with a core composed of the essential subunits beta-prime, beta, and two copies of alpha and a fifth nonessential subunit called omega. An additional subunit, a sigma factor, is required for promoter recognition and specificity.


vasodentine

Dentine tissue that lacks dentine tubules and that is penetrated by blood capillaries.


gamma-catenin-TCF7L2 complex

A protein complex that contains gamma-catenin and TCF7L2 (TCF4), binds to the TCF DNA motif within a promoter element, and is involved in the regulation of WNT target gene transcription.


bone of craniocervical region

A bone that is part of a craniocervical region.


bone of upper jaw

Any bone that is part of the upper jaw skeleton. This includes (when present): the maxilla, the quadrate (in some species).


scleral sesamoid bone

A sesamoid bone that lies adjacent to the tendon of one of the muscles responsible for adducting the nictitating membrane (the pyramidal nictitating muscle).


left nasal bone

Nasal bone on the left side of an organism when in anatomical position.


neck bone

A bone that is part of a neck [Automatically generated definition].


cranial bone

A bone that is part of a cranium.


right zygomatic arch

Zygomatic arch on the right side of an organism when in anatomical position.


left zygomatic arch

Zygomatic arch on the left side of an organism when in anatomical position.


nasal concha of ethmoid bone

One of the conchae of the ethmoid bone, which occupy the caudal part of the nasal fossae and form the lateral and superior portions of the turbinate bones in mammals[MP]. The ethmoturbinals are associated with the cribiform plate. They are covered with olfactory epithelium. Primarily, they serve to increase the surface area over which olfactory receptor neurons can come in contact with respiratory air. These olfactory receptor nerves then synapse with the mitral cells of the olfactory lobes through the cribiform plate in the manner described above[Palaeos].


neurocranium bone

A bone that is part of a neurocranium [Automatically generated definition].


facial bone

A bone that is part of a facial skeleton [Automatically generated definition].


coronomeckelian

Tendon bone located on the median side of the lower jaw, dorsal to Meckel's cartilage and medial to the angular. The coronomeckelian forms as an ossification of the tendon of the adductor mandibulae muscle. The coronomeckelian is a paired bone.


supreme nasal concha

A thin bony plate occasionally found projecting from the inner wall of the ethmoid labyrinth, above the bony superior nasal concha, and the mucous membrane covering the plate.


bone of jaw

A bone element that is part of a jaw region.


right nasal bone

Nasal bone on the right side of an organism when in anatomical position.


superior nasal concha

The back part of the medial surface of the labyrinth of ethmoid is subdivided by a narrow oblique fissure, the superior meatus of the nose, bounded above by a thin, curved plate, the superior nasal concha. The bone found in superior nasal concha is part of the ethmoid bone.


head bone

A bone that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].


dentary

The dentary is a dermal bone that forms the antero-lateral part of the lower jaw in fishes and amphibians, extending to the whole lower jaw in mammals[VHOG,modified].


auditory ossicle bone

One of 3 small bones contained within the middle ear space and serve to transmit sounds from the air to the fluid-filled labyrinth. The absence of the auditory ossicles would constitute a moderate-to-severe hearing loss. The term 'ossicles' literally means 'tiny bones' and commonly refers to the auditory ossicles, though the term may refer to any small bone throughout the body. [WP,unvetted].


bone of lower jaw

Any bone that is part of the lower jaw skeleton. This includes (when present): the dentary/mandible, the articular, the splenial, the suprangular.


middle nasal concha

The medial surface of the labyrinth of ethmoid consists of a thin lamella, which descends from the under surface of the cribriform plate, and ends below in a free, convoluted margin, the middle nasal concha. It is rough, and marked above by numerous grooves, directed nearly vertically downward from the cribriform plate; they lodge branches of the olfactory nerves, which are distributed to the mucous membrane covering the superior nasal concha.


middle cervical ganglion

The small ganglion located at the level of the cricoid cartilage of the laryngeal wall.


Mefloquine hydrochloride

A racemate composed of (+)-(11R,2'S)- and (-)-(11S,2'R)-enantiomers of mefloquine. An antimalarial agent which acts as a blood schizonticide; its mechanism of action is unknown.


proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 3

A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 3 phalanx [Automatically generated definition].


proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 3

A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 3 [Automatically generated definition].


proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 3

A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 3 [Automatically generated definition].


hypocercal tail

Type of tail fin where the lower lobe is the longer and is supported by the vertebral column. Asymmetrical externally as well as internally.


inferior cervical ganglion

The inferior cervical ganglion is situated between the base of the transverse process of the last cervical vertebra and the neck of the first rib, on the medial side of the costocervical artery. Its form is irregular; it is larger in size than the middle cervical ganglion, and is frequently fused with the first thoracic ganglion. [WP,unvetted].


P5 peroxisome

A subform of peroxisome that corresponds to an intermediate in a peroxisome assembly pathway, which operates by conversion of peroxisomal subforms in the direction P1, P2 -> P3 -> P4 -> P5 -> P6. P5 peroxisomes are distinguished from the other subforms on the bases of buoyant density and protein content.


external pudendal vein

One of the veins of the pelvis which drain into the great saphenous vein.


pudendal vein

Either the internal or external pudendal vein, running from the genital-vulvar area and abdomen and down the leg.


internal pudendal vein

Accompanying vein of internal pudendal artery.


high endothelial venule of small intestine Peyer's patch

A high endothelial venule that is located in a Peyer's patch in the small intestine.


corpus albicans

White fibrous tissue that replaces the regressing corpus luteum in the human ovary in the latter half of pregnancy, or soon after ovulation when pregnancy does not supervene.


collagen sheet

A protein complex that consists of collagen triple helices associated to form a sheet-like network.


parietal of mesothelium of pericardio-peritoneal canal


somite 28

Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early tail segment 28 or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995.


endothelium of peritubular capillary

An endothelium that is part of a peritubular capillary.


gastrointestinal system mesentery

A mesentery that is part of a digestive system [Automatically generated definition].


ISGF3 complex

A transcription factor complex that consists of a Stat1-Stat2 heterodimer and the IRF9 protein.


A protein complex that comprises one integrin alphav subunit, one integrin beta5 subunit, and vitronectin.


mesonephric epithelium

An epithelium that is part of a mesonephros [Automatically generated definition].


Set3 complex

A histone deacetylase complex that is involved in transcriptional regulation. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of Set3p, Snt1p, Hos4p, Sif2p, Cpr1p, Hos2p, and Hst1p.


pedal digit skin

A zone of skin that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition].


buccal fat pad

The Buccal fat pad is one of several encapsulated fat masses in the cheek. It is a deep fat pad located on either side of the face between the buccinator muscle and several more superficial muscles. It should not be confused with the malar fat pad, which is directly below the skin of the cheek. It should also not be confused with jowl fat pads. It is implicated in the formation of hollow cheeks and the nasolabial fold, but not in the formation of jowls.


epithelial cord

A cord of epithelial cells without a lumen and usually several cells thick.


epithelium of cochlear duct

An epithelium that is part of a cochlear duct of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition].


adenylyltransferase complex

A protein complex which is capable of adenylyltransferase activity.


palpebral vein

A blood vessel that drains from from an eyelid.


epithelium of hard palate

An epithelium that is part of a hard palate [Automatically generated definition].


middle mesencephalic central artery

Project rostrally and dorsally from the AMCtA to to irrigate the midportion of the midbrain Isogai et al. 2001.


dimeric IgA immunoglobulin complex

A protein complex composed of two monomeric IgA immunoglobulin complexes linked through both direct disulfide bonds and through a disulfide binded monomer of J chain acting as a bridge. Each IgA monomer consists of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. Dimeric IgA is sometimes complexed additionally with secretory component, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


diamine N-acetyltransferase complex

A protein complex which is capable of diamine N-acetyltransferase activity.


sphenoparietal sinus

The cavernous sinus receives the superior ophthalmic vein through the superior orbital fissure, some of the cerebral veins, and also the small sphenoparietal sinus, which courses along the under surface of the small wing of the sphenoid.


dorsal artery of clitoris

The dorsal artery of clitoris is a branch of the internal pudendal artery.


uropygial gland

A large gland at the base of a bird's tail dorsal to the cloaca at the end of the pygostyle that secretes an oil used in preening. It opens through a caudally directed nipple.


manual digit 2 epithelium

An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 2.


gamma-delta T cell receptor complex

A T cell receptor complex in which the TCR heterodimer comprises gamma and delta chains, associated with the CD3 complex; recognizes antigen directly, without a requirement for processing and presentation by an MHC protein.


Cul8-RING ubiquitin ligase complex

A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul8 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core. In S. cerevisiae, Mms1p acts as the adaptor protein and substrate specificity is conferred by any of a number of different proteins.


endobrevin-SNAP-25-syntaxin-2 complex

A SNARE complex that contains endobrevin (VAMP8), SNAP-25, and syntaxin 2 (or orthologs thereof).


epithelium of shoulder

An epithelium that is part of a shoulder [Automatically generated definition].


meninx of spinal cord

A meninx that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition].


pharyngeal arch artery 1

The vessels formed within the first pair of branchial arches in embryogenesis.


brain pia mater

The fibrous membrane forming the innermost of the three coverings that surrounds the brain within the cranial cavity that is firmly attached to the glial capsule.


myosin III complex

A myosin complex containing a class III myosin heavy chain and associated light chains; myosin III is monomeric myosin that serves as a link between the cytoskeleton and the signaling complex involved in phototransduction, and differs from all other myosins in having an N-terminal kinase domain.


right ventral flagellum

A cilium (also called flagellum) found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It is nucleated by the right ventral basal body and exits the cell body proximally and dorsal to the ventral disc.


dimeric ribonuclease P complex

A ribonuclease P complex that contains a single RNA molecule that is necessary and usually sufficient for catalysis, and a single protein molecule. Examples of this complex are found in Bacterial species.


mammary bud

A bulb of epithelial cells that forms from the mammary placode that develops into the mammary gland.


thoracic lymph node

A lymph node that is part of a thorax. Includes lymph nodes of the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes.


alphav-beta3 integrin-ADAM23 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM23.


ileocecal lymph node

Mesenteric lymph node embedded in the ileocecal fold at both sides of the concavity of the cecum. It drains the terminal ileum.


glutamate dehydrogenase complex

A homomeric protein complex that possesses glutamate dehydrogenase activity. This complex is evolutionarily conserved except that the number of homoprotomers per complex varies.


manual digit 5 epithelium

An epithelium that is part of a manual digit 5.


base of crypt of Lieberkuhn of small intestine

The basal portion (further from lumen) of a intestinal crypt that is located in the small intestine.


temporalis fascia

The temporal fascia covers the Temporalis muscle. It is a strong, fibrous investment, covered, laterally, by the Auricularis anterior and superior, by the galea aponeurotica, and by part of the Orbicularis oculi. The superficial temporal vessels and the auriculotemporal nerve cross it from below upward. Above, it is a single layer, attached to the entire extent of the superior temporal line; but below, where it is fixed to the zygomatic arch, it consists of two layers, one of which is inserted into the lateral, and the other into the medial border of the arch. A small quantity of fat, the orbital branch of the superficial temporal artery, and a filament from the zygomatic branch of the maxillary nerve, are contained between these two layers. It affords attachment by its deep surface to the superficial fibers of the Temporalis.


plasma membrane proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain

The V1 domain of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase found in the plasma membrane.


peritoneal vaginal process

A peritoneal diverticulum in the embryonic lower anterior abdominal wall that traverses the inguinal canal. In the male it forms the tunica vaginalis testis and normally loses its connection with the peritoneal cavity; a persistent processus vaginalis in the female is known as the canal of Nuck[MP].


alpha-heterochromatin

A small, compact region of heterochromatin located in the middle of the polytene chromosome chromocenter, which undergoes little or no replication during polytenization.


DnaB helicase complex

A homohexameric protein complex that possesses DNA helicase activity; functions during DNA replication and repair.


alpha11-beta1 integrin-collagen type I complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha11-beta1 integrin complex bound to a type I collagen.


lateral ethmoid-ectopterygoid ligament

Lateral ethmoid-ectopterygoid ligament is a ligament that connects the lateral ethmoid to the ectopterygoid.


retroviral intasome

A tetramer of retroviral integrase subunits tightly associated with a pair of viral DNA ends. Functions to insert viral DNA into a host cell chromosome.


femoral fat pad

Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the femur.


nuclear proteasome core complex

The core complex of a proteasome located in the nucleus of a cell.


DnaB-DnaG complex

A protein complex containing homohexameric DnaB helicase, and DnaG (a primase). Facilitates the unwinding of double-stranded DNA and the synthesis of RNA primer sequences during DNA replication and repair in Prokaryotes.


glutamate synthase complex

A complex that possesses glutamate synthase activity.


testis sex cord

The testis cords are precursors to the rete testis. They play several different roles in the development of the male genitals[WP].


sulfurtransferase complex

A protein complex capable of catalyzing the transfer of sulfur atoms from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


superior cerebellar vein

The superior cerebellar veins pass partly forward and medialward, across the superior vermis, to end in the straight sinus and the internal cerebral veins, partly lateralward to the transverse and superior petrosal sinuses. [WP,unvetted].


chest blood vessel

A blood vessel that is part of a chest [Automatically generated definition].


epithelium of crypt of Lieberkuhn of large intestine


Peyer's patch epithelium

The specialized epithelium of the Peyer's patch.


mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) phosphatase complex

A mitochondrial complex of a regulatory and catalytic subunit that catalyzes the dephosphorylation and concomitant reactivation of the alpha subunit of the E1 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus.


vinculum tendon of wing

A tendon which emerges from the distal end of the humerus and follows the posterior margin of the wing, attaching at the distal end of digit 2. The raches of the remiges (i.e., the stems of the flight feathers) are stabilized by passing through the vinculum.


epithelial fold

An epithelial sheet bent on a linear axis.


pericardial fat

The sum of epicardial and paracardial fat deposits.


pectoral appendage bud ectoderm

An unilaminar epithelium that surrounds a pectoral appendage bud.


cellulose synthase complex

A large, multimeric protein complex, organized in a rosette, which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant cell wall.


trimethylamine-N-oxide reductase (cytochrome c) complex

A protein complex which is capable of trimethylamine-N-oxide reductase (cytochrome c) activity.


CMG complex

A protein complex that contains the GINS complex, Cdc45p, and the heterohexameric MCM complex, and that is involved in unwinding DNA during replication.


intermediate gastric gland

Any of the branched tubular glands in the mucosa of the fundus and body of the stomach that secrete most of the digestive substances secreted by the stomach.


collagen type XXI trimer

A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXI) chains; type XXI collagen triple helices found in the extracellular matrix component of blood vessel walls and in the cytoplasm of cultured human aortic smooth muscle.


branch of anterior cerebral artery

An arterial branch arising from the anterior cerebral artery. It includes the callosomarginal artery, frontopolar artery, medial orbitofrontal artery, pericallosal artery, and recurrent artery of Heubner.


central vein of liver

Vein that is central to a lobule in the liver.


Hpa2 acetyltransferase complex

A tetrameric protein complex capable of acetyltransferase activity. It can catalyze the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to an acceptor residue on histone H-3, histone H-4, or on polyamines. The complex is also capable of acetylating certain small basic proteins. The two Hpa2 dimers that make up the tetramer are held together by interactions between the bound acetyl-CoA molecules.


A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to thrombospondin.


ferroxidase complex

A protein complex which is capable of ferroxidase activity.


subepithelial connective tissue of prostatic gland


collagen type XXV trimer

A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXV) chains; type XXV collagen triple helices span the plasma membrane.


PSII associated light-harvesting complex II, peripheral complex

Pigment-protein complex primarily associated to PSII in plants, green algae and cyanobacteria. Involved in state transitions that cause migration to PSI under certain environmental conditions such as high light.


high endothelial venule

High endothelial venules are specialized blood vessels adapted for lymphocyte trafficking. They form a spatially organized network, which controls both the type of lymphocyte and the site of entry into lymphoid tissues. Uniquely, high endothelial venules express vascular addressins that regulate lymphocyte entry into lymphoid organs. They perform this function in all lymphoid organs except the spleen.


primitive sex cord of indifferent gonad

A sex cord that is part of a indifferent gonad.


embryo portion of umbilical artery

Each of the two arteries arising from the hypogastric arteries of the fetus and passing throught the umbilical cord to the placenta.


polarized epithelium

A polarized epithelium is an epithelium where the epithelial sheet is oriented with respect to the planar axis.


alpha4-beta1 integrin-paxillin complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha4-beta1 integrin complex bound to paxillin.


viral RNA-directed RNA polymerase complex

A virus-specific protein complex that possesses RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity and replicates the genome of an RNA virus.


hemipenial holocrine gland

A holocrine gland that is part of a hemipenis.


upper jaw incisor epithelium

A dental epithelium that is part of a upper jaw incisor.


myosin XV complex

A myosin complex containing a class XV myosin heavy chain and associated light chains. Myosin XV is single headed, and has a large extension (1200aa) at the N-terminus of the motor domain, two IQ motifs and a tail with a similar domain structure to that of the tail of myosin VII.


accessory lacrimal gland

Serous gland with distended lumen. It includes the gland of Krause in the lacrimal sac and the gland of Wolfring on the inner surface of the upper eyelid. (NCI).


plasma membrane respiratory chain complex III

A part of the respiratory chain located in the plasma membrane, containing about 10 polypeptide subunits including four redox centers: cytochrome b/b6, cytochrome c1 and an 2Fe-2S cluster. Catalyzes the oxidation of ubiquinol by oxidized cytochrome c1. Examples of this component are found in bacterial species.


nuclear proteasome regulatory particle, base subcomplex

The subunits of the regulatory particle that directly associate with the core complex of a proteasome located in the nucleus of a cell.


epicardial fat

Visceral intrapericardial fat contiguous with the myocardial surface.


soleal vein

A vein that drains the soleus.


mesentery of colon

A mesentery that is part of a colon [Automatically generated definition].


epithelium of stomach

The epithelial layer of the stomach .


cytosolic proteasome regulatory particle, base subcomplex

The subcomplex of the proteasome regulatory particle that directly associates with the proteasome core complex located in the cytosol of the cell.


parametrial fat pad

Encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the extension of the subserous coat of the uterus laterally between the layers of the broad ligament.


exoribonuclease complex

A protein complex which is capable of exoribonuclease activity.


orthokeratinized epithelium

A keratinized epithelium in which the cells of the stratum corneum become very flat, loose their nuclei and cytoplasmic organelles and are now composed of densely packed tonofilaments cemented by filaggrin.


outflow tract endothelium

An endothelium that is part of a outflow tract [Automatically generated definition].


glutamate synthase complex (NADPH)

A complex that possesses glutamate synthase (NADPH) activity.


intercostal lymph node

The intercostal lymph nodes (intercostal glands ) occupy the posterior parts of the intercostal spaces, in relation to the intercostal vessels. They receive the deep lymphatics from the postero-lateral aspect of the chest; some of these vessels are interrupted by small lateral intercostal glands.


integrin alpha6-beta4 complex

An integrin complex that comprises one alpha6 subunit and one beta4 subunit.


lacrimal gland epithelium

An epithelium that is part of a lacrimal gland [Automatically generated definition].


chloroplast ATP synthase complex

The protein complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP in chloroplasts.


alpha6-beta4 integrin-CD9 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha6-beta4 integrin complex bound to the cell surface protein CD9.


left main bronchus

The main bronchus on the left side.


left pulmonary vein

Vein that drains left lung and returns blood to the heart.


humerovertebral ligament

Ligament that links the tip of the postcleithral process of the cleithrum with either the vertebral column (at the vertebral parapophysis or rib of the sixth vertebra) or with the soft tissue around the postcleithral region.


cardiac endomysium

Reticular tissue which surrounds a cardiac myocyte.


coeliaco-mesenteric artery

This artery has many branches which supply blood to various organs in the viscus.


middle colic vein

The middle colic vein drains the transverse colon. It is a tributary of the superior mesenteric vein, and follows the path of its corresponding artery, the middle colic artery. [WP,unvetted].


dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase Pmt5p-Pmt3p dimer complex

A protein dimer complex that possesses dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity and, in S. cerevisiae, is composed of Pmt5p-Pmt3p.


head blood vessel

A blood vessel that is part of a head [Automatically generated definition].


cruciate ligament of knee

One of a pair of ligaments arranged like a letter X.[1] They occur in several joints of the body, such as the knee. In a fashion similar to the cords in a toy Jacob's ladder, the crossed ligaments stabilize the joint while allowing a very large range of motion[WP].


sulfate adenylyltransferase complex (ATP)

An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation adenylylsulfate from sulfate and ATP.


fenestrated capillary

Capillary that has pores in the endothelial cells (60-80 nm in diameter) that are spanned by a diaphragm of radially oriented fibrils and allow small molecules and limited amounts of protein to diffuse.


distal tubular epithelium

An epithelium that is part of a distal tubule.


PKM2 protein kinase complex

A protein complex capable of phosphorylating a large number of protein targets. Contributes to cell proliferation under glycose starvation conditions. In human, the complex is present as a dimer.


right vitelline vein

A vitelline vein that is in the right side of a multicellular organism.


mitochondrial processing peptidase complex

A protein complex consisting of a regulatory subunit (alpha-MPP) and a catalytic subunit (beta-MPP) that catalyzes the release of N-terminal targeting peptides from precursor proteins imported into the mitochondrion.


SREBP-SCAP complex

A protein complex formed by the association of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) and SREBP-cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) in the ER membrane; in the absence of sterols, the SREBP-SCAP complex is packaged into COPII vesicles and travels to the Golgi apparatus to be processed.


A protein complex that is involved in the transfer of the four mannoses in the GPI-anchor precursor. In yeast S. cerevisiae this complex consists of Pbn1p and Gpi14p and in rat this complex consists of PIG-X and PIG-M.


ileal epithelium

An epithelium that is part of a ileum.


alphaIIb-beta3 integrin-CD9 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alphaIIb-beta3 integrin complex bound to the cell surface protein CD9.


plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase complex A

A plastid-encoded DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex that resembles eubacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases, with a core composed of alpha, beta, and beta-prime subunits. An additional subunit, a sigma factor, is required for promoter recognition. PEP-A is generated from the PEP-B form during chloroplast maturation to generate a complex composed of at least thirteen polypeptides that is not sensitive to the antibiotic rifampicin, like its precursor form the PEP-B complex.


B-WICH complex

A chromatin remodeling complex that positively regulates histone H3 acetylation, in particular H3K9, by recruiting histone acetyltransferases to rDNA gene regions. Located in the nucleolus where it assembles on RNA Polymerase I (Pol I) and possibly on RNA Polymerase III (Pol III) promoter and coding regions during early G1 phase and activates the post-initiation phases of Pol I transcription. May also activate RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) gene transcription. In mammals, B-WICH contains the WICH complex core of BAZ1B and SMARCA5, additional protein subunits and possibly rRNAs. Although it contains several catalytic subunits it is not clear which functions are carried out by the complex itself.


serosa of rectum

A serous membrane that is part of a rectum [Automatically generated definition].


mesothelium of pleural cavity

A mesothelium that is part of a pleural cavity [Automatically generated definition].


atf1-pcr1 complex

A heterodimeric transcription factor complex composed of the bZIP proteins atf1 and pcr1. The heterodimer binds m26 sites (homologous to CRE).


gonadal fat pad

The encapsulated adipose tissue associated with the ovaries or testes.


MdtBC Complex

A protein complex containing two transmembrane subunits; a MdtB dimer and one unit of MdtC. Capable of exporting substrates across the cell membrane. Involved in conferring antibiotic resistance of Gram-negative bacteria by transporting drugs across the membrane.


pronephric glomerular capillary

A glomerular capillary that is part of a pronephros.


aorta tunica intima

The innermost layer of the aorta, containing the endothelium and an inner elastic membrane.


pre-B cell receptor complex

An immunoglobulin-like complex that is present in at least the plasma membrane of pre-B cells, and that is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains and two surrogate light chains, each composed of the lambda-5 and VpreB proteins, and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins.


respiratory system lymphatic vessel endothelium

An lymphatic vessel endothelium that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].


alpha7-beta1 integrin-laminin alpha-2 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha7-beta1 integrin complex bound to laminin alpha-2.


splenic lymph node

The splenic lymph nodes (or pancreaticolienal) accompany the lienal (splenic) artery, and are situated in relation to the posterior surface and upper border of the pancreas; one or two members of this group are found in the gastrolienal ligament. Their afferents are derived from the stomach, spleen, and pancreas, their efferents join the celiac group of preaortic glands.


cytochrome b6f complex

Complex that transfers electrons from reduced plastoquinone to oxidized plastocyanin and translocates protons from the stroma to the lumen. The complex contains a core structure of three catalytic subunits: cytochrome b, the Rieske iron sulfur protein (ISP), and cytochrome f, which are arranged in an integral membrane-bound dimeric complex; additional subunits are present, and vary among different species.


Doa10p ubiquitin ligase complex

A multiprotein complex that recognizes and ubiquitinates membrane proteins with misfolded cytosolic domains during ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). In S. cerevisiae, this complex contains the ubiquitin ligase Ssm4p/Doa10p.


bronchial lymph node

A lymph node that is part of a bronchus.


musculo-phrenic vein

Any of the veins that accompany the musculophrenic artery and drain blood from the upper abdominal wall, the lower intercostal spaces, and the diaphragm.


skin apocrine gland

An apocrine gland that is part of a skin of body.


mammary gland fat

The mammary fat is an adipose structure in the gland that is invaded by the mammary ducts.


pyruvate kinase complex

A protein complex which is capable of pyruvate kinase activity.


mediastinal fat pad

A fat pad that is part of a mediastinum.


iris blood vessel

A blood vessel that is part of a iris [Automatically generated definition].


palatocerebral artery

The PLA branches ventrally from the CrDI. It extends rostrally along the base of mid- and forebrain, then loops medially and links to the corresponding vessel from the other side of the embryo. Isogai et al. 2001.


NuA3a histone acetyltransferase complex

A NuA3 complex that catalyzes the acetylation of Histone H3. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of Eaf6p, Nto1p, Sas3p, Taf14p, Yng1p and associates with H3K4me3 using Yng1p.


Asi complex

A nuclear ubiquitin ligase multiprotein complex located in the inner nuclear membrane (INM) that recognizes and ubiquitinates misfolded INM proteins and also some proteins involved in sterol biosynthesis, during ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). In S. cerevisiae, this complex contains the ubiquitin ligases Asi1p and Asi3p.


curli secretion complex

A protein-containing complex that serves as a channel for the secretion of curli. Curli are a fibers that serve as a major component of the extracellular matrix of pellicle biofilms.


pelvic appendage

Paired appendage that consists of the posterior appendicular skeleton and associated soft and hard tissues, but excludes the pelvic girdle and its associated soft and hard tissues.


proper palmar digital artery

The proper palmar digital arteries travel along the sides of the phalanges (along the contiguous sides of the index, middle, ring, and little fingers), each artery lying just below its corresponding digital nerve. Alternative names for these arteries are: proper volar digital arteries, collateral digital arteries, arteriae digitales palmares propriae, or aa. digitales volares propriae. They anastomose freely in the subcutaneous tissue of the finger tips and by smaller branches near the interphalangeal joints. Each also gives off a couple of dorsal branches which anastomose with the dorsal digital arteries, and supply the soft parts on the back of the second and third phalanges, including the matrix of the fingernail. The proper palmar digital artery for the medial side of the little finger arises directly from the ulnar artery deep to the palmaris brevis muscle, but the rest arise from the common palmar digital arteries.


transverse cervical artery

The transverse cervical artery (transverse artery of neck, transversa colli artery) is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk, running at a higher level than the suprascapular artery.


RSC-type complex

A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains a bromodomain containing-protein, such as yeast Rsc1 or Rsc4 or mammalian PB1/BAF180. The RSC complex is generally recruited to RNA polymerase III promoters and is specifically recruited to RNA polymerase II promoters by transcriptional activators and repressors; it is also involved in non-homologous end joining.


coracoclavicular ligament

Any ligament that connects the coracoid process with the clavicle.


anterior cruciate ligament of knee joint

A major stabilizing ligament in the knee that attaches the surfaces of the femur and tibia.


A heterodimeric complex between the tyrosine kinase receptor ERBB2 and a ligand-activated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ERBB1). ERBB2, which does not bind any known ligand, is activated through formation of a heterodimer with another ligand-activated ERBB family member such as EGFR.


RENT complex

A protein complex that mediates transcriptional silencing at the rDNA locus (the name derives from regulator of nucleolar silencing and telophase). In Saccharomyces the complex contains Net1p, Sir2p, Cdc14p, and at least one more subunit.


vestibular bulb artery

The artery of bulb of vestibule is a branch of the internal pudendal artery.


epithelium of soft palate

An epithelium that is part of a soft palate [Automatically generated definition].


vasa vasorum

Nutrient blood vessels which supply the walls of large arteries or veins.


type I interferon receptor complex

A heterodimeric protein complex that binds a type I interferon and transmits the signal across the membrane into the cell. Consists of an alpha subunit (IFNAR1) and a beta subunit (IFNAR2).


procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex, alpha(III) type

A procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex that contains alpha subunits of the type III isoform.


manual digit blood vessel

A blood vessel that is part of a finger [Automatically generated definition].


auricular blood vessel

A blood vessel that supplies or drains an ear.


superior intercostal vein

The superior intercostal veins are two veins that drain the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th intercostal spaces, one vein for each side of the body.


transverse flagellum

A motile cilium found in dinoflagellates. It coils around the cell and provides the forward thrust for motility. It is often contained in a furrow called the cingulum, and emerges from a flagellar pore located in the cingulum.


photosystem II reaction center

An integral membrane complex containing P680, the chlorophyll a molecule that functions as a primary electron donor. In the light, functioning as a water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase, it transfers electrons from water to plastoquinone.


anterior intercostal vein

The anterior intercostal veins are the veins which drain the anterior intercostal space.


lipopolysaccharide transport system

A protein-containing complex that functions to transport lipopolysaccharide from its site of synthesis at the cytoplasmic membrane across the periplasm to the outer membrane in an ATP-dependent manner.


lateral ethmoid-autopalatine ligament

Lateral ethmoid-autopalatine ligament is a ligament that connects the lateral ethmoid to the autopalatine.


bronchopulmonary lymph node

A tracheobronchial lymph node situated in the hilum of a lung.


bacterial degradosome

The degradosome is a protein complex playing a key role in mRNA degradation and RNA processing. It includes a RNA helicase, a 3'-5' phosphate-dependent PNPase and a RNase E bound-enolase.


connective tissue of prostate gland

A portion of connective tissue that is part of a prostate gland.


mandibular artery

Part of lateral pretrosal artery which supplies blood to the roof of the mouth.


3-phenylpropionate dioxygenase complex

Enzyme complex consisting of four proteins: the two subunits of the hydroxylase component (hcaE and hcaF), a ferredoxin (hcaC) and a ferredoxin reductase (hcaD). Converts 3-phenylpropionic acid (PP) into cis-3-(3-carboxyethyl)-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol (PP-dihydrodiol).


platypus crural gland

A kidney-shaped alveolar glands located in the upper thigh connected by a thin-walled duct to a calcaneus spur, or calcar, on each hind limb.


epithelium of utricle

An epithelium that is part of a utricle of membranous labyrinth [Automatically generated definition].


xanthine dehydrogenase complex

A homodimeric protein complex having xanthine dehydrogenase activity.


electron transfer flavoprotein complex

A protein complex facilitating the electron transfer from an acyl-CoA molecule to ubiquinone via its flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor. Usually contains an alpha and a beta subunit and the structural cofactor adenosine monophosphate (AMP). Part of a system that oxidizes an acyl-CoA molecule and reduces ubiquinone and other acceptors in the electron transport system.


spinal cord pia mater

A pia mater that is part of a spinal cord [Automatically generated definition].


BRE1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex

A homodimeric protein complex composed of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BRE1. Plays a role in regulating association of RNA polymerase II with active genes.


meningeal cluster

The collection of all meningeal layers that line a central nervous system.


SeqA-DNA complex

A protein-DNA complex that contains an oligomer of SeqA bound to GATC sites in methylated or newly-synthesized, hemi-methylated double-stranded DNA, with preference for the latter. Binding of SeqA to hemimethylated DNA sequesters oriC, prevents re-methylation of DNA by Dam and in turn stops premature re-initiation of replication during one replication cycle.


ecdysone receptor holocomplex

A heterodimeric complex containing the products of the insect genes Ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (usp). Binding of ecdysone promotes association between the two subunits, and the receptor complex then initiates molting and metamorphosis by binding DNA and regulating the transcription of target genes.


ophthalmic vein

Ophthalmic veins are veins which drain the eye. More specifically, they can refer to: Superior ophthalmic vein Inferior ophthalmic vein.


dense regular elastic tissue

Regular connective tissue, which consists of fibroblasts and of intercellular matrix, which contains elastic fiber bundles oriented predominantly in definable directions.


Isw1b complex

An Isw1 complex that binds DNA and has nucleosome-stimulated ATPase activity. In S. cerevisiae, contains an Isw1p ATPase subunit in complex with Ioc2p and Ioc4p.


left anterior flagellum

A cilium (also called flagellum) found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It originates at the left anterior basal body, extends laterally through the cytoplasm, crosses the right anterior axoneme, and exits as a membrane-bound flagellum on the anterior left side of the cell.


intrapulmonary bronchus

A bronchial branch that is located within the lung tissue.


coelomic epithelium

The epithelial lining of the surface of the coelom.


synovial membrane of synovial tendon sheath

Synovial sac which surrounds parts of one or more tendons. Examples: synovial tendon sheath of manual digit 2, radial bursa.


panniculus adiposus

The panniculus adiposus is the fatty layer of the subcutaneous tissues, superficial to a deeper vestigial layer of muscle, the panniculus carnosus. An example is the Fascia of Camper. Another example is the superficial cervical fascia[WP].


integrin alphaIIb-beta3 complex

An integrin complex that comprises one alphaIIb subunit and one beta3 subunit.


epithelium of otic placode

An epithelium that is part of a otic placode [Automatically generated definition].


IgD immunoglobulin complex, circulating

A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgD isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


transcription factor TFIIIC2 complex

A transcription factor complex that forms part of the TFIIIC complex, observed in human; composed of five subunits (GTF3C1/hTFIIIC220/TFIIICalpha, GTF3C2/hTFIIIC110/TFIIICbeta, GTF3C3/hTFIIIC102/TFIIICgamma, GTF3C4/hTFIIIC90/TFIIICdelta and GTF3C5/hTFIIIC63/TFIIICepsilon in human) that together recognize the type 2 RNA polymerase III promoter.


pancreatic tributary of splenic vein

The pancreatic veins consist of several small vessels which drain the body and tail of the pancreas, and open into the trunk of the great pancreatic vein. [WP,unvetted].


venule of colon

A venule located in the colon.


medullary arteriole of lymph node

An arteriole that arises from the hilar artery of a lymph node and radiates centrifugally, branching in the medulla.


head somite

Somite located in the head region, caudal to the otic vesicle.


NADH dehydrogenase complex (plastoquinone)

An NADH dehydrogenase complex that catalyzes the transfer of electrons to plastoquinone. The complex is involved in the non-photochemical reduction of plastoquinones and the cyclic electron transport around photosystem I, and is found in plastid thylakoids.


serous pericardium

Serous membrane which is divided into parietal and visceral serous pericardium.


IgM B cell receptor complex

An IgM immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgM isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins.


alkanesulfonate monooxygenase complex

A protein complex capable of alkanesulfonate monooxygenase activity. Involved in the utilization of alkanesulfonates as sulfur sources under conditions of sulfate or cysteine starvation, catalyzing the conversion of alkanesulfonates into aldehydes and sulfite. In E.coli the complex consists of a SsuD tetramer.


inferior palpebral vein

A blood vessel that drains from from an lower eyelid.


telencephalon pia mater

A pia mater that is part of a telencephalon [Automatically generated definition].


ureteric segment of renal artery

The ureteral branches of renal artery are small branches which supply the ureter.


somite 3

Undifferentiated mesodermal component of early trunk segment 3 or metamere, derived from paraxial mesoderm; forms the myotome, sclerotome and perhaps dermatome. Kimmel et al, 1995.


lobar bronchus of right lung cranial lobe


nasal artery

The nasal arteries start at the internal carotid artey and travel rostrally, passing along the right and left walls of the nasal sac at the most rostral end of the head. From the nasal sac, the NA flows into the nasal veins. Isogai et al. 2001.


Kv4.3-DPP6 channel complex

A voltage-gated potassium channel complex that contains the peptidase-related protein DPP6 associated with the channel via interaction with the Kv alpha subunit 4.3.