sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma

A high grade carcinoma of the kidney. It is not a distinct clinicopathological entity and includes a diverse group of renal cell carcinomas which have been transformed from a lower to a higher grade.


undifferentiated ovarian carcinoma

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An aggressive carcinoma arising from the ovary. Most patients present with advanced disease. Microscopically, it is characterized by significant cytologic atypia, increased mitotic activity, and necrosis. The prognosis is usually poor.


bladder small cell carcinoma

A bladder carcinoma that is characterized as an undifferentiated neoplasm composed of primitive-appearing cells.


vulvar squamous neoplasm

A benign, precancerous, or malignant neoplasm that arises from the squamous epithelium of the vulva. Representative examples include vestibular papilloma, intraepithelial neoplasia, and squamous cell carcinoma.


superficial urinary bladder carcinoma

A term used by urologists to describe an infiltrating carcinoma of the bladder that has not invaded into the muscularis propria of the bladder wall regardless of histologic type or grade.


familial prostate carcinoma

Prostate carcinoma that has developed in relatives of patients with a history of prostate carcinoma.


primary prostate urothelial carcinoma

An urothelial carcinoma that arises from the urothelial lining of the prostatic ducts or the prostatic urethra.


hereditary papillary renal cell carcinoma

A familial carcinoma inherited in an autosomal dominant trait. It is characterized by the development of multiple, bilateral papillary renal cell carcinomas. The carcinomas range from microscopic lesions to clinically symptomatic tumors. It is associated with activating mutations of the MET oncogene.


lacrimal gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma

An extremely rare carcinoma that arises from the lacrimal gland. It is characterized by the presence of infiltrating nests of epidermoid cells and mucus producing cells.


primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises centrally from the jaw. It derives from odontogenic epithelial remnants. It includes solid type squamous cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma that arises from an odontogenic cyst, and squamous cell carcinoma that derives from a keratocystic odontogenic tumor.


bladder colloid adenocarcinoma

A rare primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder. Histologically it is characterized by malignant cells floating in pools of mucin.


Bartholin gland transitional cell carcinoma

A rare carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of malignant urothelial-type epithelial cells.


endometrial transitional cell carcinoma

A rare primary carcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells resembling urothelial transitional cells. The malignant transitional cells constitute at least 90% of the tumor cells.


bilateral breast carcinoma

Carcinoma that affects both breasts in a simultaneous or non-simultaneous manner.


urinary bladder small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

A highly aggressive carcinoma, histologically resembling small cell lung carcinoma. In most cases it is associated with carcinoma in situ.


conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasm

A precancerous neoplastic intraepithelial process involving the conjunctival squamous epithelium.


ductal eccrine adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from eccrine glands.


Buschke Lowenstein tumor

A verrucous carcinoma of the skin or mucosa that occurs in the anogenital region.


subglottic hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the subglottic area.


vulvar keratoacanthoma-like carcinoma

A rapidly growing squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva. It is self-limited and is characterized by the presence of a central crater that contains squamous cells. The proliferating squamous cells infiltrate the dermis below and produce keratin masses that are pushed towards the surface of the tumor.


mucinous ovarian cystadenoma

A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by mucinous columnar epithelial cells.


vaginal squamous tumor

A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the squamous epithelium of the vagina. Representative examples include condyloma acuminatum, squamous papilloma, and squamous cell carcinoma.


seminal vesicle adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the seminal vesicle


papilloma of eyelid

A papilloma that involves the eyelid.


vulvar sebaceous carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the vulva. It is characterized by the presence of malignant basaloid glandular epithelial cells that resemble sebaceous epithelium and are arranged in cords and nests.


verrucous hemangioma

A skin hemangioma characterized by the presence of epidermal hyperplasia.


extra-adrenal sympathetic paraganglioma

A benign or malignant sympathetic paraganglioma arising from paraganglia outside the adrenal gland. Clinical symptoms are related to secretion of catecholamines. Representative examples include the superior and inferior paraaortic and bladder paragangliomas.


thymus squamous cell carcinoma

A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of keratinizing or non-keratinizing malignant squamous cells. Approximately 10-20% of cases occur in combination with thymoma. The prognosis depends on the tumor stage and the degree of cellular differentiation.


retinal hemangioblastoma

A hemangioblastoma that arises from the retina. It is typically a sign of von Hippel-Lindau disease. It may also be seen as an isolated entity without systemic involvement.


papillary cystadenoma

A serous or mucinous benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures.


mucin-rich endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma


salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma

A carcinoma of the salivary gland characterized by serous acinar cell differentiation. The vast majority of cases occur in the parotid gland. It usually presents as a slowly enlarging mass. A minority of patients experience pain. It may recur or metastasize. Multiple recurrences and metastasis to cervical lymph nodes are usually associated with a poor prognosis.


lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the lacrimal gland


secondary carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from a pre-existing lower grade epithelial lesion, or as a result of a primary carcinoma that has spread to secondary sites, or due to a complication of a cancer treatment.


Wyburn-Mason syndrome

Wyburn-Mason syndrome or Bonnet-Dechaume-Blanc syndrome is characterized by the association of arteriovenous malformations of the maxilla, retina, optic nerve, thalamus, hypothalamus and cerebral cortex.


mucinous cystadenofibroma

A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by mucinous columnar epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma.


familial parathyroid adenoma

An instance of parathyroid gland adenoma that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome.


acinar cell carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the acinar cell


scirrhous adenocarcinoma

An infiltrating adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of desmoplastic stromal reaction.


bone ameloblastoma

A ameloblastoma that involves the bone tissue.


A neoplastic process that affects the squamous epithelium of the cervix. It is classified as cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia 1, 2, or 3, according to the degree of squamous cell maturation and cellular atypia, and the number of mitotic figures.


breast apocrine carcinoma in situ

A ductal breast carcinoma in situ, characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells with apocrine differentiation.


pituitary gland mixed eosinophil-basophil adenoma

An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic and basic dyes.


squamous cell intraepithelial neoplasia

A precancerous neoplastic intraepithelial process involving the squamous epithelium.


nasal cavity and paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma

A rare, keratinizing or non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma arising from the mucosal epithelium of the nasal cavity or the paranasal sinuses. It affects most often the maxillary sinus. Less frequently, it arises from the nasal cavity, ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinus, and frontal sinus. Symptoms include nasal fullness, epistaxis, rhinorhea, pain, and paresthesia. Patients with nasal squamous cell carcinoma usually present earlier than patients with maxillary sinus carcinoma and have a better prognosis compared to the latter group.


warty dyskeratoma

A rare, usually solitary, benign epithelial tumor of the skin that appears to arise from a hair follicle. It usually develops in the head and neck region as a nodular lesion with a central keratotic plug.


infiltrating ureter transitional cell carcinoma


basal cell carcinoma

A carcinoma involving the basal cells.


clear cell renal carcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the kidney characterized by the presence of lipid-containing clear cells within a vascular network. The tumor may metastasize to unusual sites and late metastasis is common.


benign epithelial skin neoplasm

A form of epithelial skin neoplasm without malignant characteristics.


cystic, mucinous, and serous neoplasm

Neoplasms containing cyst-like formations or producing mucin or serum.


bladder squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder arising from metaplastic epithelium. It represents less than 10% of bladder carcinomas. The exception is the Middle East along the Nile Valley, where it represents the most common form of carcinoma because of the endemic nature of schistosomiasis. Bladder squamous cell carcinoma is often associated with long-standing chronic inflammation of the bladder and usually has a poor prognosis. The diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder should be reserved for those tumors that are predominantly keratin forming.


partially involuting congenital hemangioma

A clinical subtype of congenital hemangioma that begins as a rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH) but fails to completely involute and persists as a non-involuting congenital hemangioma (NICH)-like lesion


large cell keratinizing variant squamous cell breast carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the breast parenchyma and is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells that exhibit keratinization.


clear cell papillary cystadenoma

A benign cystic glandular epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic clear or hobnail cells which form papillary structures. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.


lobular neoplasia

A spectrum of non-invasive neoplastic lesions that arise from the terminal ductal lobular units of the breast. There is atypical small epithelial cell proliferation. Pagetoid involvement of the terminal ducts may or may not be present. In the minority of cases, there is a risk for subsequent development of invasive ductal or invasive lobular carcinoma.


uterus carcinoma in situ

A carcinoma in situ involving a uterus.


endometrial clear cell adenocarcinoma

A clear cell adenocarcinoma that involves the endometrium.


skin fibroepithelial basal cell carcinoma

A variant of basal cell carcinoma presenting as an elevated or erythematous nodular lesion usually in the back. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of cords of basaloid cells extending from the epidermis into the dermis, creating a fenestrating pattern. It follows an indolent course.


sphenoidal sinus cancer

A malignant neoplasm involving the sphenoidal sinus.


villous adenoma

An epithelial neoplasm morphologically characterized by the presence of a villous architectural pattern. Most often it occurs in the large intestine, small intestine, and the stomach in which the neoplastic epithelial cells show dysplastic features. It may also arise in the urinary bladder, urethra, and vagina.


bladder papillary urothelial neoplasm

A papillary epithelial neoplasm that involves the urinary bladder urothelium.


external ear squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the skin of the external ear.


ovarian clear cell tumor

A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the ovary that is characterized by a predominance of clear and hobnail cells.


squamous cell breast carcinoma

A rare carcinoma that arises from the breast parenchyma and is entirely composed of squamous cells.


aggressive digital papillary adenocarcinoma


malignant myoepithelioma

An infiltrating malignant tumor characterized by the presence of atypical cells with myoepithelial differentiation. Representative examples include malignant breast myoepithelioma and salivary gland myoepithelial carcinoma.


prostate cancer, hereditary, 13

Any familial prostate cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MSMB gene.


spindle cell hemangioma

Spindle cell hemangioma (SCH), also known as spindle cell hemangioendothelioma, is a rare benign vascular tumor either solitary or multiple, characterized by cavernous blood vessels separated by spindle cells reminiscent of those in KaposiBs sarcoma and located in the dermis and subcutis.


breast myoepithelial tumor

A benign or malignant tumor that arises from the breast and originates from or is composed of myoepithelial cells. Representative examples include adenomyoepithelioma, myoepitheliosis, and malignant myoepithelioma.


breast ductal adenoma

A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm that is located within the lumen of a duct in the breast parenchyma. It is characterized by the presence of glandular structures at the periphery and fibrous tissue at the center of the tumor.


breast malignant eccrine spiradenoma

A rare tumor characterized by malignant transformation of an eccrine spiradenoma of the breast.


Bartholin gland adenosquamous carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells and malignant squamous epithelial cells.


large cell carcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of large, atypical cells.


prostate squamous cell carcinoma

An invasive prostate carcinoma characterized by the presence of squamous differentiation of the malignant cellular infiltrate. There is no evidence of glandular differentiation.


osteosarcoma arising in bone Paget disease

A sarcomatous transformation of pre-existing Paget disease of the bone. Osteosarcomas arising from Paget disease of the bone are high grade lesions and usually have a poor prognosis.


renal cell adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma arising from the renal parenchyma. There is a strong correlation between cigarette smoking and the development of renal cell carcinoma. The clinical presentation includes : hematuria, flank pain and a palpable lumbar mass. A high percentage of renal cell carcinomas are diagnosed when an ultrasound is performed for other purposes. Radical nephrectomy is the standard intervention procedure. Renal cell carcinoma is generally considered to be resistant to radiation treatment and chemotherapy.


rete ovarii adenocarcinoma

An exceptionally rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the rete ovarii.


kidney oncocytoma

A benign tumor of the kidney, characterized by the presence of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. The majority of these tumors are discovered incidentally, during work-up of other conditions.


mucinous cystadenoma

A benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm composed of cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It may arise from the ovary, pancreas, appendix, and lung.


thymic basaloid carcinoma

A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of tumor cell lobules with peripheral palisading, and a basophilic staining pattern. More than half of reported cases were associated with the presence of a multilocular thymic cyst. Metastases to lung and liver have been reported in approximately 30% of cases.


thyroid gland macrofollicular adenoma

A thyroid gland adenoma composed of large size follicles.


non-involuting congenital hemangioma

Non-involuting congenital hemangioma (NICH) is a rare type of infantile hemangioma, which is a tumor that forms from the abnormal growth of blood vessels in the skin. NICH looks like an oval,purplish mark or bump that can occur on any part of the body. NICH is present from birth (congenital) and increases in size as the child grows. Unlike other hemangiomas, NICH do not disappear spontaneously (involute).


ceruminous carcinoma

An infiltrating adenocarcinoma derived from ceruminous glands in the external auditory canal.


ovarian small cell carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of small malignant cells. It includes small cell carcinoma, hypercalcemic type and small cell carcinoma, pulmonary type.


Her2-receptor negative breast cancer

A breast adenocarcinoma which is negative for the expression of the HER2 receptor.


noninvasive malignant thymoma

A morphologically malignant thymoma that is entirely confined within the capsule.


basaloid squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, scant amount of cytoplasm, and peripheral nuclear palisading.


bladder carcinoma in situ

Also known as carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder or high grade intraurothelial neoplasia, this is a flat lesion of the transitional cell epithelium characterized by severe cytologic atypia. This lesion is confined to the urothelium, and is a precursor of invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Stage 0is includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ: "flat tumor". N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


benign mesonephroma

A benign epithelial neoplasm of the female reproductive system arising from mesonephric remnants.


papillary carcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern. A papillary carcinoma may be composed of glandular cells (papillary adenocarcinoma), squamous cells (papillary squamous cell carcinoma), or transitional cells (papillary transitional cell carcinoma). Bladder carcinoma is a representative example of papillary transitional cell carcinoma.


non-invasive verrucous carcinoma of the penis


urothelial papilloma

A rare benign condition, characterized by a papillary growth in the urinary tract with a central fibrovascular core. The latter is lined by normal urothelium.


adenoid cystic carcinoma of the corpus uteri

A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the body of uterus.


bone epithelioid hemangioma

A locally aggressive hemangioma that arises from the bone. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells.


plantar verrucous skin carcinoma

A verrucous carcinoma that involves the plantar part of pes.


benign basal cell neoplasm

A neoplasm composed of basal cells that remains localized and does not metastasize to other anatomic sites.


breast epithelioid hemangioma

A hemangioma characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells, arising from the breast.


paranasal sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma

A rare adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the paranasal sinuses. It usually has an aggressive clinical course characterized by high recurrence rates and distant metastases.


breast mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

An invasive breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of tall columnar neoplastic cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin. Grossly, cystic changes are identified.


carcinoma of Cowper glands

A carcinoma that involves the bulbo-urethral gland.


non-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma

Stage 0 includes: 0a (Ta, N0, M0); 0is (Tis, N0, M0). Ta: Noninvasive papillary carcinoma. Tis: Carcinoma in situ: "flat tumor". N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


breast large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

A poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the breast. It is characterized by the presence of large neuroendocrine cells and high mitotic activity.


chromophil adenoma of the kidney

A controversial term, used for renal papillary lesions which measure 1cm or less in diameter and contain small, regular nuclei.


clear cell squamous cell skin carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma of the skin with a prominent clear cell component.


sclerosing breast papilloma

A breast papilloma characterized by the presence of predominant sclerosing architectural features.


labia majora carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the labia majora.


frontal sinus Schneiderian papilloma

A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the frontal sinus. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma.


ovarian adenoma benign

A benign adenoma of ovary


ovarian mucinous cystadenofibroma

A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by mucinous columnar epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma.


intramuscular hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from skeletal muscle.


retroperitoneum carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the retroperitoneal space.


papilloma of buccal mucosa

A papilloma that involves the buccal mucosa.


cavernous hemangioma of orbit

A cavernous hemangioma arising from the orbit.


endometrial small cell carcinoma

A primary carcinoma of the endometrium that is similar to the small cell carcinoma of the lung, histologically.


serous adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that is characterized by the presence of papillary patterns and cellular budding. Psammoma bodies may be present. Representative examples include cervical serous adenocarcinoma, endometrial serous adenocarcinoma, ovarian serous adenocarcinoma, and primary peritoneal serous adenocarcinoma.


skin lymphangioma

A lymphangioma arising from the skin.


thymic epithelial neoplasm

An epithelial neoplasm that affects the thymus gland. This category includes thymomas and carcinomas.


skin epithelioid hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the skin. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells.


familial keratoacanthoma

Multiple familial keratoacanthoma (KA) of Witten and Zak is a rare a rare inherited skin cancer syndrome and is characterized by the coexistence of features characteristic of both multiple KA, Ferguson Smith type and generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma, such as multiple small miliary-type lesions, larger self-healing lesions, and nodulo-ulcerative lesions. Lesions do not have a predilection for the mucosal surfaces. Transmission is autosomal dominant.


cystadenoma

A benign or borderline cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. The epithelial cells line the cystic spaces which contain serous or mucinous fluid. Representative examples include ovarian and pancreatic cystadenomas.


tubulovillous adenoma

An epithelial neoplasm morphologically characterized by the presence of a villous and a tubular architectural pattern. Most often it occurs in the large intestine, small intestine, and the stomach in which the neoplastic epithelial cells show dysplastic features.


neuroendocrine carcinoma

A malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm composed of cells containing secretory granules that stain positive for NSE and chromogranin. The neoplastic cells are often round and form clusters or trabecular sheets. Representative examples are small cell carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma.


cervical keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma

A variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of keratin pearls. Intercellular bridges and cytoplasmic keratinization are usually present.


thymic undifferentiated carcinoma

A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by an undifferentiated solid tumor growth, without associated sarcomatoid features.


signet ring basal cell carcinoma

A rare type of basal cell carcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of mucin containing signet ring cells.


hormone receptor-positive breast cancer

A breast carcinoma which is positive for expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and is negative for expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).


renal pelvis papillary tumor

A papillary tumor originating in the renal pelvis.


ovarian Brenner tumor

A benign, borderline, or malignant transitional cell neoplasm arising from the ovary. It constitutes between 1% and 2% of all ovarian neoplasms. The average age at presentation is about 50 years. Grossly it is usually unilateral, firm and white or yellowish. Microscopically it consists of solid and cystic nests of epithelial cells resembling transitional epithelium surrounded by an abundant stromal component of dense, fibroblastic nature.


squamous cell carcinoma of the corpus uteri

A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the body of uterus.


syringocystadenoma papilliferum

A benign adnexal neoplasm occurring during childhood or adolescence. It usually presents as a papular lesion or a plaque on the head and neck. It may arise in an organoid nevus such as sebaceous. It is characterized by an endophytic invagination of the epithelium into the dermis. There are dermal cystic spaces present, containing villous projections. Complete excision is curative.


cortisol-producing adrenal cortex adenoma

An adenoma of the adrenal cortex that produces cortisol. It may be associated with Cushing syndrome. Clinical presentation includes weight gain, round face, easy bruising, muscle weakness, emotional changes, hirsutism, and hypertension.


in situ carcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm which is confined to the epithelial layer without evidence of further tissue invasion.


basosquamous carcinoma

A basal cell carcinoma which displays squamous differentiation. The neoplastic cells have more abundant cytoplasm with more marked keratinization than typical basal cell carcinomas. It usually has a more aggressive clinical course compared to typical basal cell carcinoma, and it may produce regional or widespread metastases.


eyelid capillary hemangioma

A capillary hemangioma arising from the eyelid.


adrenocortical carcinoma, hereditary

An instance of adrenal cortex carcinoma that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome.


vaginal squamous papilloma

A benign papillary neoplasm that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular stalk lined by normal squamous epithelium. There is no evidence of atypia or relation to human papillomavirus.


endocervical adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the endocervix. It is the most common type of endocervical adenocarcinoma. The neoplastic epithelium shows a pseudostratified architecture and the malignant cells have enlarged, elongated, and hyperchromatic nuclei.


fallopian tube squamous cell carcinoma

A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube.


carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma

A carcinoma arising in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma. It most often occurs in the parotid gland and less often in the submandibular gland and minor salivary gland. Patients usually present with a history of a long-standing mass which recently had undergone rapid growth. The prognosis depends on the invasiveness of the malignant component. Patients with non-invasive or minimally invasive tumors usually have a good prognosis following surgical resection. Invasive tumors are usually aggressive and are associated with recurrences and metastases.


chromophobe renal cell carcinoma

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma, originating from the intercalating cells of the collecting ducts and macroscopically manifesting as a well-circumscribed, highly lobulated, solid tumor that is usually diagnosed at an early stage. It is frequently asymptomatic, or may present with nonspecific symptoms, such as weight loss, fever or fatigue. The classic presentation observed in renal tumors (hematuria, flank pain and palpable mass) is occasionally observed and usually indicates an advanced stage of the disease. It is most frequently sporadic however, several familial cases, associated with Birt-Hogg DubC) syndrome, have been described.


sarcomatoid penile squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis and is characterized by the presence of malignant spindle-shaped cells.


mesonephric adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma of the cervix or the vagina arising from mesonephric remnants.


trichoblastoma

A benign hair follicle neoplasm with trichoblastic differentiation. It usually presents as a solitary papular lesion It most often presents on the head and neck area, but it may develop in any anatomic site containing hair follicles. Because of its benign nature, treatment usually is not required, provided that the diagnosis has been established with certainty.


adenocarcinoma in situ

A lesion in which the normally situated glands are partially or completely replaced by atypical cells with malignant characteristics.


mucinous ovarian cancer

An invasive malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin and may resemble the epithelial cells of the endocervix or gastrointestinal tract. It includes mucinous adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinofibroma.


lymphangioendothelioma

A lymphangioma characterized by the presence of collagen bundle formation. It has an indolent clinical course and may be associated with skin plaques.


acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma

Acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma, ocurring in the context of end-stage kidney disease and acquired cystic kidney disease, characterized by a usually well circumscribed, solid, multifocal, bilateral tumor with inter- or intracellular microlumen formation (leading to cribiform architecture). Tumors are often diagnosed incidentally in early stages, although complications caused by renal cysts (dull flank or abdominal pain, fever) or renal parenchymal bleeding may mask the underlying neoplastic process. Most have an indolent behavior.


adrenal gland pheochromocytoma

A benign or malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm of the sympathetic nervous system that secretes catecholamines. It arises from the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Clinical presentation includes headaches, palpitations, chest and abdominal pain, hypertension, fever, and tremor. Microscopically, a characteristic nesting (zellballen) growth pattern is usually seen. Other growth patterns including trabecular pattern may also be present.


Bartholin gland adenoid cystic carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of islands of uniform malignant cells forming cribriform patterns.


vaginal squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the vagina. Human papillomavirus infection is associated with the development of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Signs and symptoms include painless bleeding, postcoital bleeding, and urinary tract symptoms. Morphologically it resembles squamous cell carcinomas in other anatomic sites. Radiation therapy is the preferred treatment for most cases. The prognosis is related to the stage of the disease.


malignant ovarian serous tumor

An invasive malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that, in well differentiated tumors, resemble the epithelium of the fallopian tube or, in poorly differentiated tumors, show anaplastic features and marked nuclear atypia. It includes serous adenocarcinoma and serous adenocarcinofibroma.


estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer

A subtype of breast cancer that is estrogen-receptor positive


well-differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma


benign breast adenomyoepithelioma

A benign, nodular tumor that arises from the breast parenchyma. It is characterized by the proliferation of myoepithelial cells around spaces that are lined by epithelial cells. Occasionally, adenomyoepitheliomas may undergo malignant transformation.


intraductal breast myoepitheliosis

A neoplastic process characterized by the proliferation of spindle to cuboidal myoepithelial cells within small breast ducts.


mandibular arteriovenous malformation

Mandibular arteriovenous malformation is a rare vascular anomaly characterized by an abnormal connection of the arterial and venous vasculature, without capillary connections, in the mandibular area, commonly presenting with minor gingival bleeding, dental loosening, lower lip numbness, facial deformity and malocclusion. This usually high-flow vascular malformation may also present with potentially life-threatening, spontaneous, or tooth extraction-induced, hemorrhagic shock.


glomeruloid hemangioma

A hemangioma associated with Castleman disease and POEMS syndrome. The lesions affect the trunk and extremities and present as erythematous papules. (WHO 2018)


diffuse lymphatic malformation

A rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by multifocal dilated lymphatic vessels involving multiple organs and tissues. Patients mostly present in infancy and childhood. Clinical course and prognosis depend on the affected sites and extent of the condition, deterioration of lung function being a major cause of morbidity and mortality.


arteriovenous malformations of the brain

Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a congenital malformative communication between the veins and the arteries in the brain in the form of a nidus, an anatomical structure composed of dilated and tangled supplying arterioles and drainage veins with no intervening capillary bed, that can be asymptomatic or cause, depending on the location and the size of the AVM, headaches of varying severity, generalized or focal seizures, focalneurological defects (weakness, numbness, speech difficulties, vision loss) or potentially fatal intracranial hemorrhage in case the AVM ruptures.


fallopian tube clear cell adenocarcinoma

A rare adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube composed of malignant glandular epithelium containing clear cells.


bladder diffuse clear cell adenocarcinoma

A rare morphologic variant of bladder adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells and clear cells forming a diffuse pattern.


water-clear cell adenoma

A rare parathyroid gland adenoma composed of neoplastic cells with abundant cytoplasm. The cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells is usually not entirely clear, and is often variably vacuolated, foamy, and granular.


generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma

Generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma (GEKA) is rare variant of keratoacanthoma (KA) that affects the skin and mucous membranes and which is characterized by a sudden generalized eruption of severely pruritic, hundreds to thousands of small follicular papules, often with a central keratotic plug.


vulvar carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the mammalian vulva


juvenile breast papillomatosis

A benign, usually solitary, well circumscribed multicystic neoplasm that arises from the breast and typically affects young females. The cysts are lined by papillary proliferations that contain epithelial and myoepithelial layers. In a minority of cases, atypia may be present.


cervical serous adenocarcinoma

A rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of papillary patterns and cellular budding. Psammoma bodies are often seen.


choroid plexus papilloma

Papilloma of the choroid plexus is a rare benign type of choroid plexus tumor, accounting for 1% of all brain tumors, often occurring in the fourth ventricle (in adults) and the lateral ventricle (in children) but sometimes arising ectopically in the brain parenchyma, and presenting with nausea, vomiting, papilledema, abnormal eye movements, as well as enlarged head circumference, seizures and gait impairment due to an increase in intracranial pressure.


pituitary gland basophil adenoma

An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with basic dyes.


renal pelvis inverted papilloma

A neoplasm of the renal pelvis in which the epithelial cells grow downward into the underlying supportive tissue.


head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from any of the following anatomic sites: lip and oral cavity, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, and salivary glands.


paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal epithelial surface of the ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, or sphenoid sinus. Patients may present with nasal fullness, obstruction, and/or epistaxis.


vaginal adenoid cystic carcinoma

An adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the vagina. Myoepithelial cells are usually not present.


metatypical basal cell carcinoma

A skin carcinoma displaying cytological characteristics intermediate to nodular basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.


eye carcinoma in situ

A carcinoma in situ involving a eye.


ovarian surface papilloma

A benign serous neoplasm characterized by the presence of papillary proliferations on the surface of the ovary.


skin basaloid carcinoma

A basaloid squamous cell carcinoma that involves the zone of skin.


Ehrlich tumor carcinoma

A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms.


vulvar eccrine adenocarcinoma

An eccrine adenocarcinoma that arises from the sweat glands in the vulva.


skin adenoid basal cell carcinoma

A variant of basal cell carcinoma morphologically characterized by the presence of thin strands of basaloid cells forming a reticulate pattern.


female breast lower-inner quadrant cancer


urethra transitional cell carcinoma

A transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the male or female urethra.


capillary lymphangioma

A lymphangioma that involves the capillary.


Paget disease

A malignant neoplasm composed of large cells with large nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and abundant pale cytoplasm (Paget cells). Paget cell neoplasms include Paget disease of the nipple and extramammary Paget disease which may affect the vulva, penis, anus, skin and scrotum.


cervical mullerian papilloma

A rare, benign, papillary neoplasm that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular core covered by mucinous epithelial cells.


bladder urachal adenocarcinoma

A adenocarcinoma that involves the urachus.


cervical adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma arising from the cervical epithelium. It accounts for approximately 15% of invasive cervical carcinomas. Increased numbers of sexual partners and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are risk factors. Grossly, advanced cervical adenocarcinoma may present as an exophytic mass, an ulcerated lesion, or diffuse cervical enlargement. Microscopically, the majority of cervical adenocarcinomas are of the endocervical (mucinous) type.


acquired hemangioma

A hemangioma that is not present at birth but develops later in life.


desmoplastic ameloblastoma

An ameloblastoma with prominent desmoplastic stroma that causes compression of the neoplastic epithelial islands.


infundibulocystic basal cell carcinoma

A rare type of basal cell carcinoma. It is characterized by multiple tiny cysts lined by infundibular epithelium.


ovarian serous tumor

A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that, in well differentiated tumors, resemble the epithelial cells of the fallopian tube and, in poorly differentiated tumors, show anaplastic features. Approximately thirty to fifty percent of the tumors are bilateral. Grossly, the better differentiated tumors consist of cystic masses, usually unilocular, containing a clear but sometimes viscous fluid. Papillary formations are often present. The more malignant tumors tend to be solid and invasive, with areas of necrosis and hemorrhage.


endocervical carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the endocervix.


carcinoma arising in nasal papillomatosis

A rare squamous cell carcinoma that either arises from or is associated with the presence of inverted papilloma in the nose.


papillary transitional cell carcinoma

A non-invasive or invasive transitional cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern. It may occur in the bladder or the renal pelvis.


lacrimal gland squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the lacrimal gland.


carcinoma in situ of renal pelvis

A in situ carcinoma that involves the renal pelvis.


villoglandular endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma

A primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of numerous finger-like villi lined by neoplastic columnar cells.


ureter urothelial papilloma

A benign epithelial neoplasm that produces visible warty projections from the epithelial surface of the ureter.


epithelial skin neoplasm

A epithelial neoplasm that involves the zone of skin.


uterine carcinoma

A carcinoma involving a uterus.


aldosterone-producing adrenal cortex adenoma

An adenoma of the adrenal cortex that produces aldosterone. It may be associated with Conn syndrome. Clinical presentation includes hypertension, hypokalemia, and muscle weakness.


thymic large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

An aggressive, non-small cell, poorly differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma, characterized by the presence of a high mitotic rate and, almost always, necrosis.


renal pelvis adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the renal pelvis


superficial multifocal basal cell carcinoma

A superficial basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of lobules of basaloid cells which are separated by large distances and represent multifocal discrete tumors.


mucin-producing carcinoma

A carcinoma that produces mucin.


signet ring cell carcinoma

A usually aggressive, poorly differentiated invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells in which the nucleus is pressed to one side by the presence of intracytoplasmic mucus. It may arise from the stomach, small and large intestine, ampulla of Vater, appendix, gallbladder, pancreas, lung, bladder, breast, and prostate gland.


adenosquamous prostate carcinoma

An infrequent invasive carcinoma of the prostate gland characterized by the presence of both glandular and squamous neoplastic components. It is more often located in the transitional zone of the prostate gland and it tends to rapidly metastasize to the bones.


intra-abdominal hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from organs within the abdominal cavity.


skin hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the skin.


cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma

Cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma is a primary cutaneous cancer arising from a subset of skin neuroendocrine cells (Merkel cells, giving the name Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC)).


bladder urothelial papilloma

A benign neoplasm of the bladder that involves the transitional epithelium projecting above the surrounding epithelial surface and consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma.


acantholytic variant squamous cell breast carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the breast parenchyma and is characterized by cellular discohesion resulting in a pseudoangiosarcomatous pattern.


malignant hemangioma

A malignant form of hemangioma.


intraductal papillomatosis

A neoplastic process characterized by the presence of multiple intraductal papillomas.


parathyroid gland clear cell adenoma

A parathyroid gland adenoma composed predominantly of neoplastic cells with clear cytoplasm.


human papillomavirus-related squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma associated with the presence of human papillomavirus infection.


ovarian endometrioid cystadenoma

A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by endometrial-type well-differentiated cells.


vaginal mullerian papilloma

A benign papilloma that arises from the vagina in infants and young women.


cornea squamous cell carcinoma

A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the cornea.


lacrimal gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma

A carcinoma arising in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma in the lacrimal gland.


pseudovascular skin squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma of the skin histologically resembling a vascular tumor due to extreme acantholysis.


frontal sinus inverted papilloma

A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the frontal sinus. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma.


malignant type AB thymoma

A type AB thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.


primary peritoneal carcinoma

Primary peritoneal carcinoma (PPC) is a rare malignant tumor of the peritoneal cavity of extra-ovarian origin, clinically and histologically similar to advanced-stage serous ovarian carcinoma.


cutaneous mucoepidermoid carcinoma

A mucoepidermoid carcinoma that involves the zone of skin.


comedocarcinoma

A high grade carcinoma characterized by the presence of comedo-type of tumor cell necrosis in which the necrotic areas are surrounded by a solid proliferation of malignant pleomorphic cells.


tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma

Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma is an extremely rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma most frequently characterized by a small, solitary, well-circumscribed, unencapsulated renal tumor composed of multiple small to medium-sized cysts with a white or gray, spongy ("bubble wrap-like") cut surface. Patients are usually asymptomatic or could manifest with abdominal pain, abdominal distension and/or hematuria. Progression, recurrence and metastasis rarely occur although lymph node, bone, pleura and liver mestatsis have been reported.


deep hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the deep soft tissues.


brain stem hemangioblastoma

A hemangioblastoma that involves the brainstem.


acantholytic squamous cell skin carcinoma

A histologic variant of squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the skin. It is characterized by loosening of the intercellular bridges between the malignant cells which results in acantholysis.


hemangioma of orbit

A hemangioma arising from the orbit.


cherry hemangioma

A capillary hemangioma of the skin, presenting as a red papular lesion.


non-invasive bladder papillary urothelial neoplasm

A papillary neoplasm of the urinary bladder in which the transitional cells form papillae. The papillary structures exhibit minimal architectural distortion and minimal atypia. Mitoses are infrequent. Patients are at an increased risk of developing new papillary lesions. Occasionally, the new lesions are urothelial carcinomas.


mucinous adenofibroma

A benign adenofibroma characterized by the presence of epithelial cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin and a fibrotic stroma. A representative example is the ovarian mucinous adenofibroma. Cases with epithelial atypia described in the ovary lacking stromal invasion are designated as borderline mucinous adenofibromas and have a low grade malignant potential.


cervix squamous papilloma

A papilloma that arises from the squamous epithelium of the cervix.


bladder urachal urothelial carcinoma

A transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder that arises from the urachal epithelium.


adenosquamous breast carcinoma

An invasive breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of tubular and glandular neoplastic cell structures, admixed with islands of neoplastic cells showing squamous differentiation.


breast adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the breast


lymphangiosarcoma

A malignant neoplasm arising from the endothelial cells of the lymphatic vessels.


hemangioma of choroid

A hemangioma that involves the optic choroid.


penis verrucous carcinoma

A slow growing, locally recurring, very well differentiated papillary squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis. It is characterized by the presence of acanthosis and hyperkeratosis. The neoplastic infiltrate extends into the underlying stroma with a pushing border. Koilocytotic atypia is not present.


progesterone-receptor negative breast cancer


bone squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the bone tissue.


female breast upper-inner quadrant cancer


invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma

An invasive ductal breast carcinoma associated with a lobular carcinomatous component. The lobular carcinomatous component may be in situ or invasive.


thyroid carcinoma, nonmedullary, with or without cell oxyphilia


metastatic carcinoma in the bone

A carcinoma that has spread to the bone from another, primary anatomic site. Bone is one of the most frequent sites of metastatic carcinoma. Common sites of origin include lung, breast, and prostate.


fallopian tube transitional cell carcinoma

A rare transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube.


primary peritoneal serous adenocarcinoma

A rare, serous adenocarcinoma that diffusely involves the pelvic peritoneum seen predominantly in elderly postmenopausal women. Exclusion of serous carcinoma arising from the ovary and fimbrial end of fallopian tube is required to diagnose the above entity.


benign ovarian mucinous tumor

A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelium that resembles the epithelium of the endocervix or gastrointestinal tract. It includes mucinous adenofibroma, mucinous cystadenofibroma, and mucinous cystadenoma.


chest wall parachordoma

A parachordoma arising from the chest wall.


oncocytic breast carcinoma

A rare breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of neoplastic oncocytic cells. The oncocytic cells comprise more than 70 percent of the malignant cellular population.


sympathetic paraganglioma

A benign or malignant paraganglioma arising from the chromaffin cells of the paraganglia that are located along the sympathetic nerves. It includes extra-adrenal paragangliomas and paragangliomas that arise from the adrenal medulla. The latter are commonly referred to as pheochromocytomas. Representative examples of extra-adrenal sympathetic paragangliomas include the bladder, and superior and inferior paraaortic paragangliomas. Clinical signs are related to the secretion of catecholamines resulting in hypertension.


middle ear adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the middle ear


lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma

A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the lacrimal gland.


endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma

A primary endometrial adenocarcinoma composed of neoplastic cells that form complex glandular patterns associated with budding and branching of the neoplastic glands. The neoplastic glands resemble those of the normal endometrium and may or may not be associated with sheet-like proliferation of malignant cells. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma is the most commonly seen morphologic variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma.


benign epithelial neoplasm

A neoplasm arising from the epithelial cells. It is characterized by the absence of morphologic features associated with malignancy (severe cytologic atypia, tumor cell necrosis, and high mitotic rate). Benign epithelial neoplasms remain confined to the original site of growth and only rarely metastasize to other anatomic sites.


perineural angioma

A hemangioma arising from perineural tissues.


bladder papillary urothelial carcinoma

An invasive or non-invasive papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. It is classified as low - or high-grade. -- 2003


intraepithelial neoplasia

A precancerous neoplastic process that affects the squamous, glandular, or transitional cell epithelium without evidence of invasion. According to the degree of nuclear atypia, number of mitotic figures, and presence of architectural distortion, it is classified as low grade (mild dysplasia) or high grade (moderate or severe dysplasia).


breast lobular carcinoma

An adenocarcinoma of the breast arising from the lobules. This is a relatively uncommon carcinoma, represents approximately 10% of the breast adenocarcinomas and is often bilateral or multifocal.


intestinal type adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma arising from epithelium which has undergone intestinal metaplasia. Representative examples include gastric, gallbladder, and ampulla of Vater intestinal type adenocarcinomas.


sarcomatoid squamous cell skin carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma of the skin with a prominent spindle cell component.


thymoma, familial

An instance of thymoma (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome.


Krebs 2 carcinoma

Carcinoma having known association to krebs2 gene mutation


placental hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the fetal blood vessels in the placental villi.


plexiform ameloblastoma

A histologic variant of solid/multicystic ameloblastoma characterized by the presence of basal cells forming anastomosing strands and cords in a delicate stroma.


angioma serpiginosum, autosomal dominant


eccrine papillary adenoma

A benign neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It is characterized by the presence of eccrine ducts in the dermis containing intraluminal papillary projections.


renal adenoma

An adenoma arising from the renal cortex.


transitional cell carcinoma of the corpus uteri

A transitional cell carcinoma that involves the body of uterus.


prostate cancer, hereditary, 1

Any familial prostate cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RNASEL gene.


angioma serpiginosum

Angioma serpiginosum (AS) is a benign congenital skin disease characterised by progressive dilation of the subepidermal skin vessels manifesting as purple punctate lesions usually appearing on the lower limbs and buttocks and following the lines of Blaschko.


endometrium carcinoma in situ

A carcinoma in situ involving a endometrium.


thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 5

Any thyroid cancer, nonmedullary in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HABP2 gene.


ovarian mucinous adenofibroma

A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of glands with mucinous columnar epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma.


growth hormone-producing pituitary gland neoplasm

An adenoma or carcinoma of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that produces growth hormone.


nasal cavity carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the nasal cavity


frontonasal arteriovenous malformation

Frontonasal arteriovenous malformation is a rare vascular anomaly characterized by abnormal communication between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary bed, located in the frontonasal area. It may present with intermittent nasal bleeding, blurred vision, pustule formation and/or disfigurement. Overlying skin may be of normal appearance or may manifest a red, pulsatile mass with local rise of temperature. Other features may include pain, ulceration, excessive growth and/or congestive heart failure.


combined carcinoid and adenocarcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of a mixture of neuroendocrine cells with morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of carcinoid tumor and malignant glandular cells.


papillary eccrine carcinoma

A carcinoma of the eccrine glands. It consists of dilated ducts with papillary projections.


papillary thymic adenocarcinoma

A rare primary thymic adenocarcinoma, characterized by a papillary growth pattern. There are only a few published cases, and no good data regarding prognosis.


cribriform carcinoma

A carcinoma characterized by the presence of a cribriform architectural pattern. Representative examples include the intraductal cribriform breast carcinoma and invasive cribriform breast carcinoma.


metaplastic breast carcinoma

A group of invasive breast carcinomas characterized by the presence of an adenocarcinomatous component which is admixed with a dominant component that is composed of squamous cells, spindle cells, or mesenchymal cells.


pseudoglandular squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the formation of gland-like structures.


breast capillary hemangioma

A capillary hemangioma arising from the breast.


renal carcinoma

A carcinoma arising from the epithelium of the renal parenchyma or the renal pelvis. The majority are renal cell carcinomas. Kidney carcinomas usually affect middle aged and elderly adults. Hematuria, abdominal pain, and a palpable mass are common symptoms.


eccrine carcinoma

An adenocarcinoma with eccrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It includes the following subtypes: ductal eccrine adenocarcinoma, papillary eccrine carcinoma, and eccrine porocarcinoma.


low grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia

An intraepithelial lesion of the vulvar squamous epithelium that represents the clinical and morphological manifestation of a productive HPV infection. Low grade refers to the associated low risk of concurrent or future cancer. (WHO, 2014)


breast papillary carcinoma

A breast carcinoma characterized by the formation of irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma covered with neoplastic epithelial cells.


cystic hygroma

A benign lymphatic neoplasm usually arising from the neck and characterized by cystic dilation of the lymphatic vessels.


trachea carcinoma in situ

A carcinoma that arises from the tracheal mucosa and is confined to the epithelial layer without evidence of further tissue invasion.


clear cell hidradenoma

An uncommon benign neoplasm of the sweat glands characterized by the presence of clear cells.


thymoma type B

An epithelial neoplasm arising from the thymus. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It includes thymoma type B1 which is a thymoma of low grade malignant potential, thymoma type B2 which is a thymoma of moderate malignancy, and thymoma type B3 which is also known as well differentiated thymic carcinoma.


macrocystic lymphatic malformation

A lymphangioma characterized by the presence of thin-walled cavernous lymphatic spaces.


renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocations/TFE3 gene fusions

A group of kidney carcinomas characterized by the presence of different translocations involving the chromosome Xp11.2. These translocations result in the creation of gene fusions involving the TFE3 gene. Patients are usually children and young adults. Morphologically, the malignant epithelial cells form papillary patterns.


maxillary sinus Schneiderian papilloma

A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the maxillary sinus. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma.


invasive lobular breast carcinoma

An infiltrating lobular adenocarcinoma of the breast. The malignant cells lack cohesion and are arranged individually or in a linear manner (Indian files), or as narrow trabeculae within the stroma. The malignant cells are usually smaller than those of ductal carcinoma, are less pleomorphic, and have fewer mitotic figures.


fallopian tube gestational choriocarcinoma

A malignant trophoblastic tumor that arises from the fallopian tube during pregnancy.


serous cystadenocarcinoma

A malignant serous cystic neoplasm usually involving the ovary or the pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of invasive malignant glandular epithelial cells which often form papillary structures.


lymphoepithelioma-like thymic carcinoma

A rare, usually aggressive primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by a syncytial growth of undifferentiated carcinoma cells and the presence of a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. More than 40% of cases are associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection.


small cell carcinoma

A neuroendocrine carcinoma composed of small malignant cells which are often said to resemble "oat cells" under the microscope. Small cell carcinoma most often affects the lungs. Clinically, this is often a rapidly growing cancer that spreads to distant sites early.


squamous carcinoma in situ

A malignant epithelial neoplasm confined to the squamous epithelium, without invasion of the underlying tissues.


mixed cell adenoma

An adenoma characterized by the presence of a mixed epithelial cell population.


ovarian transitional cell carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that resemble malignant urothelial cells. There is no morphologic evidence of a benign or borderline Brenner tumor component present.


prostate cancer, hereditary, 12

Any familial prostate cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EHBP1 gene.


microinvasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma

A cervical squamous cell carcinoma with minimal stromal invasion. The risk of lymph node metastasis is low.


bartholin gland carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland. It usually affects women over fifty and presents with enlargement of the Bartholin gland. Various histologic subtypes have been identified and include adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma.


hemangioma of peripheral nerve

A hemangioma arising from the peripheral nerves.


tufted angioma

Tufted angioma is a very rare, benign, cutaneous, slow-growing, vascular tumor mostly developing in infancy or early childhood.


thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 4

Any thyroid cancer, nonmedullary in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FOXE1 gene.


conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma

A low-grade squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the conjunctiva. It is the most common primary malignant tumor that arises from the conjunctiva. It usually affects older white males. Excessive exposure to sunlight is a risk factor. Patients may present with a mass, red eye, or pain.


vulvar trichoepithelioma

A benign neoplasm that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of nests of monomorphic basaloid cells forming small cysts that contain keratin.


skin pigmented basal cell carcinoma

A basal cell carcinoma that contains large amounts of melanin. The melanin is produced by symbiotic nontumoral proliferating melanocytes. - 2002.


fallopian tube serous adenocarcinoma

A serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It is usually a high grade invasive adenocarcinoma.


ameloblastoma

The most common odontogenic tumor, arising from the epithelial component of the embryonic tooth and usually affecting the molar-ramus region of the mandible or maxilla. Although most ameloblastomas are morphologically and clinically benign, they may cause extensive local destruction, recur, or metastasize.


uterine corpus serous adenocarcinoma

A serous adenocarcinoma that involves the uterine corpus.


synovial angioma

A rare hemangioma arising from synovium lining surfaces.


childhood kidney cell carcinoma

A renal cell carcinoma that occurs during childhood.


bladder urachal carcinoma

Urachal cancer is a type of bladder cancer, making up less than 1% of all bladder cancers. The urachus is a structure normally only present during development in the womb that connects the bellybutton and the bladder. This connection normally disappears before birth, but in some people remains. Urachalcancers are usually diagnosed in adults in their 50's and 60's and may develop at the dome or anterior wall of the bladder, along the midline of the body (including the belly button), and between the pubis symphasis and the bladder.Most urachal cancersare adenocarcinomas (cancers that develop from gland cells).Others may besarcomas (which develop from connective tissue -such as leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma), small cell carcinomas, transitional cell cancer, and mixed neoplasias. Most individuals with urachal cancer have symptoms of with hematuria (blood in urine). Other symptoms may include abdominal pain, a palpable abdominal mass, mucinuria, and bacteriuria. Treatment usually involved surgery to remove the cancer.


parachordoma

A rare, usually benign myoepithelial tumor characterized by the presence of epithelioid, often vacuolated neoplastic cells. Most patients present with painless swelling in the subcutaneous or subfascial soft tissues of the extremities.


intraductal cribriform breast adenocarcinoma

A ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast characterized by the presence of a cribriform architectural pattern.


mixed lobular and ductal breast carcinoma

A breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of a lobular and a ductal component. The ductal component comprises less than 50 percent of the tumor.


non-papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder


clitoral carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the clitoris.


trachea mucoepidermoid carcinoma

A mucoepidermoid carcinoma that involves the trachea.


hereditary fallopian tube carcinoma

Fallopian tube carcinoma that has developed in relatives of patients that have a history of fallopian tube carcinoma.


vaginal villous adenoma

An adenoma that arises from the vagina and is characterized by a villous architectural pattern.


familial papillary thyroid carcinoma with renal papillary neoplasia

Familial papillary thyroid carcinoma with renal papillary neoplasia (fPTC/PRN) is an extremely rare inherited tumor syndrome within the familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer group (fNMTC).


prostate adenoid cystic carcinoma

An adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the prostate gland.


Bartholin gland adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the major vestibular gland.


Krukenberg carcinoma

Metastatic signet-ring cell carcinoma to the ovary. The primary site is the gastrointestinal tract or breast.


papillary adenocarcinoma

A morphologic variant of adenocarcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of a papillary growth pattern. Representative examples include thyroid gland papillary carcinoma, invasive papillary breast carcinoma, and ovarian serous surface papillary adenocarcinoma.


papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma

A malignant cystic serous epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures. Stromal invasion is present.


digital papillary eccrine carcinoma

An adenocarcinoma arising from the sweat glands. Most cases present as nodular lesions on the digits, usually in the hands. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial cells in the dermis forming nodules. Cystic structures containing papillary projections are also present. It may recur and metastasize, most commonly to the lungs.


breast columnar cell mucinous carcinoma

An invasive breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of tall columnar neoplastic cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin. Grossly, cystic changes are not identified.


vein of Galen aneurysm

Vein of Galen aneurysm is a rare formof arteriovenous malformation in which the embryonic precursor to the vein of Galen, a vein at the base of the brain, dilates causing too much blood to rush to the heart. This can lead to rapid heart failure. Other features may include increased head circumference resulting from hydrocephalus, unusually prominent veins on the face and scalp, developmental delay, persistent headache, and other neurological findings. Vein of Galen aneurysm is often recognized on an ultrasound late in pregnancy. In other cases, it is diagnosed after birth. Although the exact cause remains unknown, this condition appears to result from a defect in early fetal development. Treatment is aimed at decreasing the blood flow through the malformation while maximizing the blood supply to the brain. Minimally invasive surgical techniques are preferred, such as endovascular embolization.


inverted papilloma

An endophytic benign papillary epithelial neoplasm that results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma. Representative examples are the inverted urothelial papilloma that arises from the urinary tract and inverted Schneiderian papilloma that arises from the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses.


MIT family translocation renal cell carcinoma

MiT family translocation renal cell carcinoma (t-RCC) is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma with recurrent genetic abnormalities, harboring rearrangements of the TFE3 (Xp11 t-RCC) or TFEB [t(6;11) t-RCC] genes. The t(6;11) t-RCC has distinctive histologic features of biphasic appearance with larger epitheloid and smaller eosinophilic cells. The symptoms are usually non-specific and include hematuria, flank pain, palpable abdominal mass and/or systemic symptoms of anemia, fatigue and fever.


pilar sheath acanthoma

A benign, small, papular or nodular skin neoplasm that usually arises above the upper lip. It is characterized by an epithelial proliferation with a central cavity. The cavity wall is lined with keratinocytes.


serous cystadenoma

A serous neoplasm in which the cysts and papillae are lined by a single layer of cells without atypia, architectural complexity or invasion.


lacrimal gland carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the lacrimal gland.


sex hormone-producing adrenal cortex adenoma

A rare adenoma of the adrenal cortex that produces androgens or estrogens.


ductal breast carcinoma in situ

A carcinoma entirely confined to the mammary ducts. It is also known as DCIS. There is no evidence of invasion of the basement membrane. Currently, it is classified into three categories: High-grade DCIS, intermediate-grade DCIS and low-grade DCIS. In this classification the DCIS grade is defined by a combination of nuclear grade, architectural growth pattern and presence of necrosis. The size of the lesion as well as the grade and the clearance margins play a major role in dictating the most appropriate therapy for DCIS.


epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma

A malignant neoplasm which occurs mostly in the major salivary glands (most frequently in the parotid gland), but also in the minor salivary glands of the oral mucosa and the tracheobronchial tree. It is characterized by the presence of ductal structures which are lined by an inner layer of cuboidal epithelial-type cells and an outer layer of myoepithelial cells with clear or eosinophilic cytoplasm.


urethra squamous cell carcinoma

A well differentiated, moderately differentiated, or poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the male or female urethra.


uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma

A endometrial carcinoma (disease) that involves the body of uterus.


malignant breast myoepithelioma

An invasive malignant tumor that arises from the breast. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped myoepithelial cells. Mitoses are present. Rarely, local recurrences and distant metastases have been reported.


mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by cystic changes and the presence of malignant glandular cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It may arise from the ovary, pancreas, appendix, and lung.


familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma

Familial nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma (fNMTC) is a rare non-syndromic form of thyroid cancer characterized by occurrence of thyroid carcinoma (TC) as the primary feature in a familial setting.


triple-negative breast carcinoma

An invasive breast carcinoma which is negative for expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).


metastatic squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma which has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


type 1 papillary adenoma of the kidney

A renal papillary adenoma which is characterized by basophilic cells with scant amount of cytoplasm.


endometrioid tumor

A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the female reproductive system characterized by the presence of glands and/or cysts lined by neoplastic cells that resemble endometrial cells.


luminal B breast carcinoma

A biologic subset of breast carcinoma defined by low to moderate expression of genes characteristic of luminal epithelial cells including estrogen receptor (ER), and high expression of GGH, LAPTM4B, and CCNE1. This subtype of breast cancer is associated with a good prognosis, although not as favorable as the luminal A subtype.


endometrial mucinous adenocarcinoma

A primary, usually low grade adenocarcinoma of the endometrium in which the majority of the malignant epithelial cells contain abundant intracytoplasmic mucin.


stage I endometrioid carcinoma

Endometrial cancer is a cancer that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb).It is the result of the abnormal growth of cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. The first sign is most often vaginal bleeding not associated with a menstrual period. Other symptoms include pain with urination or sexual intercourse, or pelvic pain. Endometrial cancer occurs most commonly after menopause. In stage I, the cancer is only growing in the body of the uterus. It may also be growing into the glands of the cervix, but is not growing into the supporting connective tissue of the cervix.


myoepithelial tumor

A benign or malignant tumor characterized by the presence of cells that show myoepithelial differentiation. Based on its morphologic features, it is classified as benign or malignant. A representative example of benign myoepithelioma is benign salivary gland myoepithelioma. Representative examples of malignant myoepithelioma or myoepithelial carcinoma are malignant breast myoepithelioma and salivary gland myoepithelial carcinoma.


vaginal tubulovillous adenoma

An adenoma that arises from the vagina and is characterized by a tubulovillous architectural pattern.


multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A

Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A (MEN2A) syndrome is a form of MEN2 characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in combination with pheochromocytoma and primary mild hyperparathyroidism resulting from hyperplasia or adenoma of the parathyroid cells.


vulvar keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of keratin pearls.


cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome type 3


acanthoma

A benign skin neoplasm composed of epithelial cells.


intracranial cavernous angioma

A cavernous hemangioma arising from the brain and meninges.


ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma

An invasive adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin. There is cellular atypia, increased layering of cells, complexity of glands, and papillary formations.


squamous cell neoplasm

A neoplasm that is composed of squamous epithelial cells. Squamous cell carcinoma is a representative example.


vulvar apocrine adenocarcinoma

An apocrine adenocarcinoma that arises from the sweat glands in the vulva.


vaginal adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma arising from the vagina. Morphologic variants include the clear cell, endometrioid, mesonephric, and mucinous adenocarcinoma.


thymus clear cell carcinoma

A rare, usually aggressive, primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of carcinoma cells with clear cytoplasm.


micronodular basal cell carcinoma

A basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of small nodules that permeate the dermis. It presents as an elevated or flat infiltrating tumor, usually in the back.


kidney medullary carcinoma

A type of renal carcinoma affecting mostly young African-Americans. It is located in the medulla of the kidney, and follows an aggressive clinical course. Most reported cases have shown metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis.


progesterone-receptor positive breast cancer


warty carcinoma of the penis

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis. It is characterized by a papillary growth pattern, hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis. Koilocytotic atypia is present. Human papillomavirus types 16 and 6 have been identified in some cases.


chief cell adenoma

A parathyroid gland adenoma composed predominantly of neoplastic chief cells. These cells have either slightly eosinophilic or vacuolated cytoplasm, and round nuclei.


sphenoid sinus inverted papilloma

A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the sphenoid sinus. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma.


clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma

Clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma is a rare, indolent subtype of clear cell renal carcinoma, arising from epithelial cells in the renal cortex. It most frequently manifests with a well-circumscribed, well-encapsulated, unicentric, unilateral, small tumor that typically does not metastasize. Clinically it can present with flank or abdominal pain or hematuria, although most patients are usually asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Bilateral and/or multifocal presentation should raise the suspicion of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome.


primary peritoneal serous/papillary carcinoma

A rare, serous papillary adenocarcinoma that arises from the lining of the peritoneum. It affects females. The clinical behavior and pathologic characteristics are similar to the serous papillary adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary.


fallopian tube carcinosarcoma

A carcinosarcoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It usually affects postmenopausal women and presents with abdominal pain, abdominal distension or genital bleeding. The prognosis is usually poor.


thymoma type B1

A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of expanded areas which resemble the normal thymic cortex. The neoplastic epithelial cells are small and scant and there is a dense T-lymphocytic component present. Areas of medullary differentiation with or without Hassall's corpuscles are also present. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It has a low grade malignant potential. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. A minority of the cases occur as stage II tumors.


A rare cutaneous lesion presenting as a scaly verrucous plaque. Morphologically, the plaque contains nests of basaloid cells.


urethral urothelial papilloma

Papilloma's are benign epithelial neoplasms that produce visible warty projections from epithelial surfaces. Papilloma's of the urethra typically occur just within or on the external meatus. - 2003


bladder squamous papilloma

A rare, benign neoplasm of bladder that is composed of papillary cores with overlying histologically benign squamous epithelium.


thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma

Thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma is a type of thymic epithelial neoplasm displaying evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation.


vulvar nodular hidradenoma

A benign neoplasm that arises from sweat glands in the vulva and is characterized by the presence of lobules composed of epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm.


abdominal cystic lymphangioma

Abdominal cystic lymphangioma is a benign (noncancerous) malformation of the lymphatic vessels in the abdomen. These vessels carry lymph, a fluid that contains white blood cells that fight infection, throughout the body. The severity of the condition and the associated features vary from person to person. When present, signs and symptoms may include abdominal pain, an increase in waist circumference, an abdominal mass, intestinal obstruction, and/or volvulus (a twisting of the intestines). The cause of abdominal cystic lymphangioma is poorly understood; however, scientists suspect that it is a congenital anomaly. Most cases are diagnosed in people with no family history of the condition. Treatment varies based on the severity of the condition. People with small malformations that do not cause any symptoms may simply be followed with regular imaging studies to monitor for progression. Some of these cases may resolve spontaneously without treatment. When necessary, surgical excision is often the treatment of choice since it is associated with the lowest risk of recurrence..


tibial adamantinoma

An adamantinoma arising from the tibia. The tibia is the site which is more frequently involved by adamantinoma (80-90% of cases).


nodular hidradenoma

A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It presents as a nodular lesion usually in the scalp, trunk, and proximal extremities. It is characterized by a nodular growth pattern. Complete excision is curative.


ovarian endometrial cancer

A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of glands and/or cysts lined by neoplastic cells that resemble endometrial cells.


ovarian squamous cell carcinoma

A usually high grade squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is not associated with a germ cell tumor. The prognosis is poor.


exocervical carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the squamous epithelium of the exocervix.


verrucous carcinoma

A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern, acanthosis, mild cytologic atypia, and pushing tumor margins. The most commonly affected anatomic sites are the oral cavity, nasal cavity, larynx, esophagus, anus, vagina, vulva, and the plantar region of the foot.


lymphangioma

A benign lesion composed of dilated lymphatic channels. Painless swelling is the usual clinical manifestation.


scrotum basal cell carcinoma

A scrotal carcinoma that involves the basal cell.


scrotum squamous cell carcinoma

A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the scrotum. It has been associated with exposure to environmental and industrial carcinogens. The prognosis depends on the extent of lymph node involvement.


skin squamous cell carcinoma in situ

Intraepidermal squamous cell carcinoma, confined to the epidermis. There is no evidence of invasion.


ethmoid sinus cancer

A malignant neoplasm involving the ethmoid sinus.


rete testis adenoma

A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the rete testis.


vaginal adenoma

A glandular epithelial neoplasm that arises from the vagina and shows intestinal differentiation.


borderline epithelial tumor of ovary

A low grade epithelial tumor arising from the ovary. It is characterized by an atypical proliferation of epithelial cells. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.


kidney pelvis sarcomatoid transitional cell carcinoma

An infiltrating transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the renal pelvis and exhibits sarcomatoid features.


intraductal papilloma

An intraluminal papillary epithelial neoplasm arising within the ducts. Representative examples are the intraductal breast papilloma and the salivary gland intraductal papilloma.


breast carcinoma in situ

A in situ carcinoma that involves the breast.


sphenoid sinus squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal epithelial surface of the sphenoid sinus. Patients may present with nasal fullness, obstruction, and/or epistaxis.


brain hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the brain.


acantholytic acanthoma

A benign epithelial neoplasm of the skin. It presents as a papular or nodular lesion. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, papillomatosis, and prominent acantholysis.


thyroid hyalinizing trabecular adenoma

A rare, circumscribed or encapsulated tumor arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It is characterized by a trabecular growth pattern and hyalinized stroma formation. The vast majority of cases have a benign clinical course.


uterine ligament papillary cystadenoma associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease

A benign mesonephric neoplasm that arises from the uterine ligament and occurs in women with von Hippel-Lindau disease. It is a cystic lesion characterized by the presence of multiple papillary excrescences.


ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma

A malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of clear and hobnail cells. It is highly associated with ovarian endometriosis, pelvic endometriosis and paraendocrine hypercalcemia.


parathyroid gland adenoma

A benign tumor arising from the parenchymal cells of the parathyroid glands. In the vast majority of cases, the tumor involves a single parathyroid gland. It is associated with the symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism, resulting from the excessive production of parathyroid hormone. It is usually surrounded by a well-defined capsule. Capsular invasion, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion are absent.


vulvar neuroendocrine carcinoma

A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the vulva. This category includes small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Most small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the vulva are Merkel cell carcinomas.


villous adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a villous architectural pattern. It may arise from a villous adenoma.


hereditary kidney oncocytoma

An inherited condition characterized by the development of kidney oncocytomas which are often bilateral and multifocal. This condition may be connected to Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome.


renal pelvis squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the renal pelvis.


eye carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the eye


squamous cell carcinoma of penis

A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the penis. It occurs chiefly in the squamous epithelium of the glans, coronal sulcus, and foreskin. Etiologic factors include phimosis, lichen sclerosus, smoking, ultraviolet irradiation, history of warts or condylomas, and lack of circumcision. Human papilloma virus is present in a subset of penile squamous cell carcinomas. Patients may present with an exophytic or flat ulcerative mass in the glans or a large primary tumor with inguinal nodal and skin metastases. Morphologic variants include the basaloid carcinoma, warty (condylomatous) carcinoma, verrucous carcinoma, and sarcomatoid (spindle cell) carcinoma. (WHO, 2004)


breast myoepitheliosis

A multifocal neoplastic process characterized by the proliferation of spindle to cuboidal myoepithelial cells within and/or around small breast ducts.


cervical basaloid carcinoma

An aggressive variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of nests of malignant basaloid squamous cells with scant amount of cytoplasm.


serous surface papilloma

A non-invasive papillary serous epithelial neoplasm usually arising from the ovary.


nodular basal cell carcinoma

A basal cell carcinoma of the skin that often appears as elevated nodules which may become ulcerated.


estrogen-receptor negative breast cancer

A subtype of breast cancer that is estrogen-receptor negative


nasal cavity squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the nasal cavity mucosa. Signs and symptoms include nasal fullness and obstruction, pain, epistaxis, and the presence of a nasal mass.


castration-resistant prostate carcinoma

A prostate carcinoma that is characterized by continued growth and spread despite the surgical removal of the testes or medical intervention to block androgen production.


intraductal breast papillomatosis

A benign breast neoplasm characterized by the proliferation of multiple papillomas within the lumen of the ducts.


cavernous hemangioma of face

A cavernous hemangioma arising from the face.


adenocarcinoma of skene gland origin

A rare adenocarcinoma arising from Skene gland. It presents as a periurethral or anterior vaginal submucosal mass. It is characterized by morphological features similar to prostate adenocarcinoma.


thymic adenosquamous carcinoma

A rare carcinoma that arises from the thymus and is characterized by the presence of glandular and squamous carcinomatous components.


vulvar eccrine porocarcinoma

An eccrine porocarcinoma that arises from the sweat glands in the vulva.


hereditary renal cell carcinoma

An instance of renal cell carcinoma (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome.


sweat gland adenoma

A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. Representative examples include tubular apocrine adenoma, syringofibroadenoma, and hidradenoma.


pituitary gland acidophil adenoma

An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic dyes.


sarcomatoid basal cell carcinoma

A basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of sarcomatoid features.


penis carcinoma in situ

A in situ carcinoma that involves the penis.


cervical non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma

A variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of polygonal squamous cells. Intercellular bridges and cytoplasmic keratinization may be present, but keratin pearls are absent.


endolymphatic sac tumor

An aggressive epithelial neoplasm arising from the temporal bone. It is characterized by the presence of a papillary pattern, and has been described as an adenoma or carcinoma in the literature. There is disagreement regarding its relationship to endolymphatic sac tumor.


paranasal sinus sarcoma

A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the paranasal sinus.


fallopian tube mucinous tumor

A rare borderline or malignant epithelial tumor of the fallopian tube characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin and may resemble the epithelial cells of the endocervix or gastrointestinal tract.


peritoneal serous adenocarcinoma

A rare, serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the lining of the peritoneum. It affects females. The clinical behavior and pathologic characteristics are similar to the serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary.


cervical adenoid basal carcinoma

A rare low grade carcinoma that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of nests of basaloid cells with focal glandular formations.


lipoadenoma

An adenoma in which the neoplastic epithelial cells are admixed with adipose tissue cells.


papillary renal cell carcinoma

A rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma, arising from the renal tubular epithelium and showing a papillary growth pattern, which typically manifests with hematuria, flank pain, palpable abdominal mass or nonspecific symptoms, such as fatigue, weight loss or fever. Symptoms related to metastatic spread, such as bone pain or persistent cough, are frequently associated since early diagnosis is not common. It is typically multifocal, bilateral, and in most cases sporadic, although different hereditary syndromes, such as Hereditary leiomyoma renal cell carcinoma, Birt-Hogg-DubC) syndrome and Tuberous sclerosis, may predispose to the development of papillary renal cell carcinoma.


ethmoid sinus adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the epithelial cell


hemangioma of gingiva

A hemangioma that involves the gingiva.


trachea squamous cell carcinoma

A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal lining of the trachea. It usually grows as an intraluminal mass and later invades extraluminal structures. The majority of patients present with hemoptysis, coughing, dyspnea, or stridor.


follicular basal cell carcinoma

A basal cell carcinoma of the skin that is characterized by follicular differentiation.


bladder mixed adenocarcinoma

A variant of bladder adenocarcinoma that histologically consists of more than one growth pattern such as enteric, mucinous or signet ring types.


infiltrating renal pelvis transitional cell carcinoma

A infiltrating urothelial carcinoma that involves the renal pelvis.


clear cell adenoma

A benign neoplasm composed of glands containing epithelial clear cells.


papillary craniopharyngioma

A craniopharyngioma composed of sheets of squamous epithelium which separate to form pseudopapillae. This variant typically lacks nuclear palisading, wet keratin, calcification, and cholesterol deposits. Clinically, endocrine deficiencies are more often associated with papillary craniopharyngioma than with the adamantinomatous type. (Adapted from WHO)


urinary bladder villous adenoma

An exophytic glandular neoplasm of the bladder, morphologically similar to its intestinal counterpart. It often coexists with in situ or infiltrating bladder adenocarcinoma.


borderline ovarian serous tumor

A low grade serous epithelial neoplasm arising from the ovary. It is characterized by an atypical proliferation of serous-type epithelial cells without evidence of stromal invasion. It is often asymptomatic but rarely it may present with abdominal pain or abdominal enlargement due to rupture or torsion.


labia minora carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the labia minora.


epithelioid hemangioma

A hemangioma characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells.


glycogen-rich clear cell breast carcinoma

An uncommon, usually aggressive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by the presence of clear cells that contain glycogen.


eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma

A sebaceous gland carcinoma affecting the eyelid. It arises from the meibomian glands, glands of Zeis, or glands associated with the caruncle. It usually affects elderly women and is characterized by high rate of local recurrence, regional, and distant metastases.


adamantinous craniopharyngioma

A craniopharyngioma consisting of broad strands, cords and bridges of a multistratified squamous epithelium with peripheral palisading of nuclei. Diagnostic features include nodules of compact 'wet' keratin and dystrophic calcification. (Adapted from WHO)


poorly differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma


hemangioma of retina

A hemangioma that involves the retina.


ethmoid sinus Schneiderian papilloma

A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the ethmoid sinus. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma.


renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the transitional epithelium of the renal pelvis. It is associated with tobacco use and usually presents with gross or microscopic hematuria. Urothelial carcinomas of the renal pelvis are usually of higher grade and higher stage compared to bladder urothelial carcinomas.


urothelial carcinoma

A malignant neoplasm derived from the transitional epithelium of the urinary tract (urinary bladder, ureter, urethra, or renal pelvis). It is frequently papillary.


sarcomatoid transitional cell carcinoma

A poorly differentiated transitional cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with spindle cell morphologic features.


bladder verrucous carcinoma

A verrucous carcinoma that involves the urinary bladder.


sarcomatoid carcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle cells and anaplastic morphologic features. Giant cells and a sarcomatous component may also be present.


breast carcinoma by gene expression profile

A header term that includes the following breast carcinoma subtypes determined by gene expression profiling: luminal A breast carcinoma, luminal B breast carcinoma, HER2 positive breast carcinoma, basal-like breast carcinoma, triple-negative breast carcinoma, and normal breast-like subtype of breast carcinoma.


Cobb syndrome

Cobb syndrome is defined by the association of vascular cutaneous (venous or arteriovenous), muscular (arteriovenous), osseous (arteriovenous) and medullary (arteriovenous) lesions at the same metamere or spinal segment. This segmental distribution may involve one or many of the 31 metameres present in humans. Only 16% of the medullary lesions are multiple and have a clearly metameric distribution.


HER2 positive breast carcinoma

A biologic subset of breast carcinoma defined by high expression of HER2, GRB7, and TRAP100, and by lack of expression of estrogen receptor (ER).


papillary hidradenoma

A benign neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It presents as a slow growing cystic nodular lesion most often in the skin of the vulva and the perianal region. It is characterized by the presence of cystic and large papillary structures. The papillary structures contain connective tissue and are covered by two layers of epithelium. Complete excision is curative.


squamous papilloma

A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern and a proliferation of neoplastic squamous cells without morphologic evidence of malignancy. Most frequently it arises in the oral cavity, nasopharynx, larynx, esophagus, vagina, and vulva.


thymus small cell carcinoma

An aggressive, small cell, poorly differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma, characterized by the presence of a high mitotic rate and numerous apoptotic bodies.


A variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of islands of cells with uniform, vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli and a dense lymphocytic infiltrate.


mesonephric neoplasm

An epithelial neoplasm of the female reproductive system arising from mesonephric remnants.


capillary infantile hemangioma

Capillary hemangiomas are benign, highly proliferative lesions involving aberrant localized growth of capillary endothelium. They are the most common tumor of infancy, occurring in up to 10% of all births. Hemangiomas tend to appear shortly after birth and show rapid neonatal growth for up to 12 months characterized by endothelial hypercellularity and increased numbers of mast cells. This phase is followed by slow involution at a rate of about 10% per year and replacement by fibrofatty stroma. Hemangiomas are classified as distinct from vascular malformations, in that the latter are present from birth, tend to grow with the individual, do not regress, and show normal rates of endothelial cell turnover. Most hemangiomas occur sporadically, but some families with autosomal dominant inheritance have been reported.