bacterial-type flagellum organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a bacterial-type flagellum, a motor complex composed of an extracellular helical protein filament coupled to a rotary motor embedded in the cell envelope which functions in cell motility.


biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the alpha-(1->4) linkage of the terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-mannose residues in alpha-D-mannosides.


methylglyoxal reductase (NADH-dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-lactaldehyde + NAD+ = methylglyoxal + NADH + H+.


D-glutamate metabolic process

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-glutamate, the D-enantiomer of the amino acid glutamate, i.e. (2R)-2-aminopentanedioic acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-phenylalanine + 2-oxoglutarate = phenylpyruvate + L-glutamate.


anterior lateral line neuromast hair cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anterior lateral line neuromast hair cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 6-oxo-2-hydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA + H2O = 3-hydroxypimeloyl-CoA.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donors, with a copper protein as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a phosphorus- or arsenic-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a copper protein.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of pectic acid from the non-reducing end, releasing digalacturonate.


positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation.


regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway.


phloem or xylem histogenesis

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of phloem and/or xylem over time, from formation to the mature structure. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.


deoxyribonucleoside binding

Binding to a deoxyribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked to deoxyribose.


envenomation resulting in negative regulation of complement activation, classical pathway in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the negative regulation of complement activation via the classical pathway of the bitten/stung organism.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-glucose + vitexin = H+ + UDP + vitexin 2''-O-beta-D-glucoside.


metanephric cap specification

The process in which the metanephric cap acquires its identity.


regulation of exonuclease activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exonuclease activity.


rhombomere 2 morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 2 is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order.


quinate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving quinate, the anion of quinic acid. The acid occurs commonly in plants, either free or as esters, and is used as a medicine.


leg disc anterior/posterior lineage restriction

Formation and/or maintenance of a lineage boundary between anterior and posterior compartments of the leg disc that cells cannot cross, thus separating the populations of cells in each compartment.


limb granular cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an limb granular cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + 2 a reduced ferredoxin + an oxidized thioredoxin = 2 an oxidized ferredoxin + a reduced thioredoxin, involving a 4Fe-4S cluster and an adjacent active-site disulfide.


absorption of UV light

The reception of a (UV light) photon by a cell, UV light being defined as having a wavelength within the range 13.6-400 nm.


cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-glucoside malonyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-glucoside + malonyl-CoA + H+ <=> cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-malonylglucoside + coenzyme A.


aliphatic aldoxime dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an aliphatic aldoxime = an aliphatic nitrile + H2O.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: arabinose(out) + H+(out) = arabinose(in) + H+(in).


negative regulation of arugosin biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of arugosin biosynthetic process.


peptidyl-amino acid modification

The alteration of an amino acid residue in a peptide.


female analia morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the analia of the female are generated and organized. The analia is the posterior-most vertral appendage that develops from the genital disc. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


chitin-based cuticle attachment to epithelium

Attaching of a chitin-containing cuticle to the epithelium underlying it. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


Catalysis of the reaction N4-acetylcytidine +H2O = cytidine + acetate.


rhombomere structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the rhombomere structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates.


3-methyleneoxindole reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methyloxindole + NADP+ = 3-methyleneoxindole + H+ + NADPH.


neuronal dense core vesicle organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a neuronal dense core vesicle.


nucleobase:monoatomic cation symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nucleobase(out) + cation(out) = nucleobase(in) + cation(in).


Catalysis of the reaction: poly-cis-polyprenyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + a poly-cis-polyprenyl diphosphate longer by one C5 unit.


viral DNA genome packaging, 5' extended cos packaging

The encapsulation of the viral DNA genome within the capsid, which proceeds via cleavage of the viral DNA at specific sites to produce 5' protruding ends.


negative regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cells.


glutamate catabolic process to butyrate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including butyrate.


3-hydroxyaspartate aldolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (3R)-3-hydroxy-L-aspartate = glycine + glyoxylate.


positive regulation of hyphopodium formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont hyphopodium formation on or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to simvastatin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a simvastatin stimulus. Simvastatin is a statin used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.


polyacyltrehalose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyacyltrehalose, a pentaacylated, trehalose-based glycolipid.


prosthetic group biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a prosthetic group, the non-amino acid portion of certain protein molecules. Prosthetic groups may be inorganic or organic and are usually required for the biological activity of the protein.


brassinosteroid mediated signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of brassinosteroid.


regulation of mesenchymal stem cell migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell migration.


phytoene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytoene.


metanephric glomerular epithelial cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a metanephric glomerular epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Metanephric glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the metanephric glomerulus; there are two types, metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells and metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cells.


dCTP biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dCTP, deoxycytidine triphosphate.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene.


negative regulation of amine catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of amines.


stomach body smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the body of stomach. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The body of stomach is the part of the stomach that lies between the fundus above and the pyloric antrum below; its boundaries are poorly defined.


smoothened signaling pathway involved in regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor cell proliferation

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened in cerebellar granule cells that contributes to the regulation of proliferation of the cells.


chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


tRNA end turnover

The process in which the 3'-terminal CCA of a tRNA is removed and restored. This often happens to uncharged tRNA.


beta-lactam antibiotic biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a beta-lactam antibiotic, any member of a class of natural or semisynthetic antibiotics whose characteristic feature is a strained, four-membered beta-lactam ring. They include the penicillins and many of the cephalosporins.


miltiradiene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving miltiradiene.


Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + GTP = diphosphate + GDP-D-glucose.


mesenchymal-endodermal cell signaling

Any process that mediates the transfer of information between a mesenchymal cell and an endodermal cell.


cyanidin 3-O-glucoside 7-O-glucosyltransferase (feruloyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + 1-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucose <=> cyanidin 3,7-di-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + ferulate + H+.


wing disc anterior/posterior pattern formation

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the anterior/posterior axis of the wing disc, a precursor to the wing.


suppression by symbiont of host phytoalexin production

Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phytoalexin production in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dichloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-diol + NAD+ = NADH + H+ + 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone.


detection of high humidity

The series of events in which high humidity is detected and converted into a molecular signal.


ecdysis-triggering hormone receptor activity

Combining with ecdysis-triggering hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.


ACU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an ACU codon.


haltere morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a haltere are generated and organized.


brexanolone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of brexanolone.


lateral mesodermal cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a lateral mesoderm cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


aliphatic nitrilase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: R-CN + H2O = R-COOH + NH3.


S-alkylthiohydroximate lyase activity

Catalysis of the conversion of a S-alkylthiohydroximate to a thiohydroximate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxycyclohexan-1-one + NADPH + O2 = 6-oxohexanoate + H2O + NADP+.


spermidine oxidase (propane-1,3-diamine-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + O2 + spermidine = 1,3-diaminopropane + 4-aminobutanal + H2O2.


lysine biosynthetic process via alpha-aminoadipate and N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine via the intermediates alpha-aminoadipic acid and N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipate. This pathway of prokaryotic lysine biosynthesis via alpha-aminoadipate was discovered in the hyper-thermophilic Gram-negative eubacterium Thermus thermophilus. The pathway proceeds as follows: alpha-ketoglutarate is converted to homocitrate, which is metabolized to 3-carboxyhex-2-enedioate and then homoisocitrate. This is then decarboxylated to form alpha-ketoadipate, which is then converted to alpha-aminoadipate. This undergoes acetylation, to form N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipate, and is then phosphorylated to give N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipyl-delta-phosphate. This is converted to N2-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipate semialdehyde, which is then converted to N2-acetyl-L-lysine. A final deacetylation reaction produces L-lysine.


ommatidial rotation

The process in which photoreceptors are arranged in ommatidia in the dorsal and ventral fields to be mirror images. The polarity is established in the imaginal discs concurrently with cell fate specification.


positive regulation of growth of unicellular organism as a thread of attached cells

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which cells remain attached after division and form thread-like filaments that may penetrate into a solid growth medium.


anther dehiscence

The dehiscence of an anther to release the pollen grains contained within it.


9-fluorenone-3,4-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 9-fluorenone + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 1-hydro-1,1a-dihydroxy-9-fluorenone.


aerobic sulfur oxidation

A sulfur oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by sulfur dioxygenase, and requires the presence of oxygen.


sulochrin oxidase [(-)-bisdechlorogeodin-forming] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + 2 sulochrin = 2 (2R)-bisdechlorogeodin + 2 H2O.


protein-tetrapyrrole linkage

The covalent linking of a tetrapyrrole to a protein.


epithelial cell proliferation involved in Malpighian tubule morphogenesis

The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population and contributing to the shaping of a Malpighian tubule.


N-cyclopropylammelide alkylamino hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-cyclopropylammelide + H2O = cyclopropylamine + cyanuric acid.


metanephric proximal convoluted tubule segment 1 development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the S1 portion of the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The S1 portion is the initial portion of the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule and is responsible for avid reabsorption of water and solutes.


box H/ACA RNA processing

Any process involved in the conversion of a primary box H/ACA type small RNA transcript into a mature box H/ACA RNA.


fatty acid methyl ester metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acid methyl ester.


parietal peritoneum development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a parietal peritoneum over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


protein O-linked glycosylation via hydroxyproline

The glycosylation of proteins via 04 atom of hydroxyproline to form O4-glycosyl-L-hydroxyproline; the most common form is arabinofuranosyl-4-proline.


CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell cytokine production

Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell.


imaginal disc lineage restriction

Formation and/or maintenance of a lineage boundary between compartments in an imaginal disc that cells cannot cross, thus separating the populations of cells in each compartment.


intramolecular lyase activity

The catalysis of certain rearrangements of a molecule to break or form a ring.


vanillin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoyl-CoA = acetyl-CoA + vanillin.


3,4-dihydroxybenzoate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.


dihydrofolic acid binding

Binding to dihydrofolic acid, a folic acid in which the bicyclic pteridine structure is in the dihydro, partially reduced form; they are intermediates in folate metabolism and are reduced to their tetrahydro, reduced forms.


dissimilatory sulfate reduction

The reduction of sulfate to hydrogen sulfide, which acts as a terminal electron acceptor. Sulfate is activated to adenosine-phosphosulfate (APS) which is then reduced to sulfite, which is in turn reduced to hydrogen sulfide.


verbascose galactinol:ajugose galactosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: verbascose + alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-1D-myo-inositol <=> ajugose + myo-inositol.


regulation of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell proliferation involved in axon regeneration.


behavioral response to wounding

A behavioral response resulting from wounding.


cellular response to nocodazole

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nocodazole stimulus.


peripheral nervous system axon ensheathment

The process in which a Schwann cell membrane closes around an axon in the peripheral nervous system. This can be a myelinating or a non-myelinating neuron-glial interaction.


Catalysis of the reactions: a 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + a 12'-apo-carotenal; 9-cis-violaxanthin + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + (3S,5R,6S)-5,6-epoxy-3-hydroxy-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-al; and 9'-cis-neoxanthin + O2 = 2-cis,4-trans-xanthoxin + (3S,5R,6R)-5,6-dihydroxy-6,7-didehydro-5,6-dihydro-12'-apo-beta-caroten-12'-al.


serine 3-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + NADP+ = L-alpha-formylglycine + 2 H+ + NADPH.


molecular template activity

The action of a molecule that provides a shape or a sequence mimicking or complementary to the final product, providing template for copying the original molecule's shape or sequence.


acquisition of seed longevity

The acquisition of seed longevity is the ordered series of events during seed development, that prevent embryo deterioration and ROS damage and thus contribute to seed viability over time or in response to adverse environmental conditions. These events include protective (e.g. production of glassy cytoplasm ) and repair (e.g. oxidative stress responses) processes.


wing disc dorsal/ventral pattern formation

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis of the wing disc, a precursor to the adult wing.


meristem development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the meristem over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


regulation of brassinosteroid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of brassinosteroid mediated signaling pathway.


myosin filament organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a filament composed of myosin molecules.


abietadiene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-copalyl diphosphate = (-)-abietadiene + diphosphate.


tropinone reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + pseudotropine = H+ + NADPH + tropinone.


cuticle development involved in collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle molting cycle

Synthesis and deposition of a collagen and cuticulin-based noncellular, hardened, or membranous secretion from an epithelial sheet, occurring as part of the molting cycle. An example of this process is found in Caenorhabditis elegans.


regulation of inositol biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of inositol biosynthetic process.


envenomation resulting in blood agglutination in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with specific proteins binding to cell-surface carbohydrates and causing calcium-dependent agglutination of blood cells in the bitten organism.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methoxy-5-hydroxytoluene + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + 3,5-dimethoxytoluene + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


negative regulation of xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of xenobiotic transmembrane export. A xenobiotic is a compound foreign to the organim exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical.


L-gulonolactone oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-gulono-1,4-lactone + O2 = L-xylo-hex-3-ulonolactone + H2O2.


interleukin-33 production

The appearance of interleukin-33 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


O-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.


hepatic stellate cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a hepatic stellate cell.


dTDP-mannose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP-mannose, a substance composed of mannose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.


cell differentiation involved in pronephros development

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the pronephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


amphiregulin production

The appearance of amphiregulin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Amphiregulin (AREG) is a ligand of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a widely expressed transmembrane tyrosine kinase. AREG is synthesized as a membrane-anchored precursor protein that can engage in juxtacrine signaling on adjacent cells. Alternatively, after proteolytic processing by cell membrane proteases, mainly TACE/ADAM17, AREG is secreted and behaves as an autocrine or paracrine factor.


positive regulation of blood pressure in another organism

A process by which one organism increases the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system of another organism.


modulation by symbiont of abscisic acid levels in host

The alteration by an organism of the levels of abscisic acid in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


foraging behavior

Behavior by which an organism locates food.


sepal giant cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a sepal giant cell. A sepal giant cell is a pavement cell that is part of the sepal epidermis and stretches one fifth the length of the sepal with a chromosome content of 16C.


regulation of intestinal epithelial cell development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal epithelial cell development.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-coumaroyl-CoA + a flavonol 3-O-[beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucoside] = CoA + a flavonol 3-O-[6-(4-coumaroyl)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucoside].


MAPK-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adrenergic receptor binding to its physiological ligand and leading to the activation of a MAP kinase cascade.


protein insertion into membrane raft

The process in which a protein is incorporated into a membrane raft. Membrane rafts are small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes.


cellobiose binding

Binding to cellobiose, a disaccharide that represents the basic repeating unit of cellulose.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-methyl-3-aminomethylindole + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + gramine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


vestibulocochlear nerve morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the vestibulocochlear nerve is generated and organized. This sensory nerve innervates the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The vestibular branch innervates the vestibular apparatus that senses head position changes relative to gravity. The auditory branch innervates the cochlear duct, which is connected to the three bony ossicles which transduce sound waves into fluid movement in the cochlea.


iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via pentakis-L-cysteinyl L-histidino nickel tetrairon pentasulfide

The incorporation of iron into a nickel-iron-sulfur cluster via pentakis-L-cysteinyl L-histidino nickel tetrairon pentasulfide, found in carbon monoxide dehydrogenase.


somatic diversification of immune receptors by N region addition

The addition of variable numbers of random nucleotides by terminal deoxytransferase in the N regions of heavy chain immunoglobulin and T cell receptor genes. N regions are found at the V-D, D-D, V-J, and D-J recombinational junctions, depending on the immune receptor gene.


myelination of lateral line nerve axons

The formation of compact myelin sheaths around the axons of a lateral line nerve.


gallate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid).


hydrolase activity, acting on acid halide bonds, in C-halide compounds

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid halide bond in substances containing halogen atoms in organic linkage.


detection of pH by chemoreceptor signaling

The process in which information about the levels of hydrogen ions are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors.


pharynx morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the pharynx are generated and organized.


monoacylglycerol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving monoacylglycerol, any ester of glycerol in which any one of its hydroxyl groups has been acylated with a fatty acid, the other being non-esterified.


alpha-pinene lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-pinene = limonene.


movement in host

The process in which an organism or its progeny spreads from one location to another within its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


epithelial cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development

The process in which a trophoblast cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell of the placental labyrinthine layer.


regulation of lymphangiogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphangiogenesis.


negative regulation of asexual reproduction

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of asexual reproduction.


regulation of cell wall integrity MAPK cascade

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of MAPK cascade involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis.


PSII associated light-harvesting complex II catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of one or more components of the light-harvesting complex of photosystem II.


extracellular ammonia-gated monoatomic ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular ammonia (NH3) has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + L-histidine = 3-(imidazol-5-yl)pyruvate + L-glutamate.


camalexin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving camalexin, an indole phytoalexin.


dimethylmaleate hydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (2R,3S)-2,3-dimethylmalate = dimethylmaleate + H2O.


poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving poly(ribitol phosphate) teichoic acid.


nicotinic acid riboside metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinic acid riboside, the product of the formation of a glycosidic bond between ribose and nicotinic acid.


positive regulation of egg-laying behavior

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oviposition.


GPCR sweet taste receptor activity

A G protein-coupled receptor activity that is responsible for the sense of sweet taste.


sulfur incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster

The incorporation of exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + tRNA containing uridine at position 54 + FADH + H+ = tetrahydrofolate + tRNA containing ribothymidine at position 54 + FAD+.


alpha-zeacarotene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alpha-zeacarotene.


D-leucine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-leucine.


regulation of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to starvation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to starvation.


response to benzene

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a benzene stimulus.


dibenzothiophene desulfurization

The removal of the sulfur atom from dibenzothiophene, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one sulfide bond and one carbon-carbon bond.


trimethylarsine oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trimethylarsine oxide + 2 H+ + 2 e- = trimethylarsine + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: homocystine + 2 reduced glutathione = oxidized glutathione + 2 homocysteine.


reproduction of a single-celled organism

The biological process in which new individuals are produced by one or two single-celled organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-amino-4-chloro-2-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)pyridazin-3(2H)-one + O2 = 5-amino-4-chloro-2-(2-hydroxymuconoyl)pyridazin-3(2H)-one + 2 H+.


amino-acid betaine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.


polyterpenoid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with more than eight isoprene units.


induction of conjugation upon carbon starvation

The process in which a cell initiates conjugation with cellular fusion upon carbon starvation.


positive regulation of response to salt stress

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to salt stress.


Catalysis of the reaction: nicotinate + UDP-D-glucose = N-(beta-D-glucosyl)nicotinate + UDP.


DNA synthesis involved in double-strand break repair via homologous recombination

The synthesis of DNA that contributes to the process of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination.


negative regulation of AV node cell action potential

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of AV node cell action potential.


Catalysis of the reaction 6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose-1-phosphate = 3-sulfolactaldehyde + dihydroxyacetone phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: agmatine + S-adenosylmethioninamine = N1-aminopropylagmatine + 5'-methylthioadenosine.


adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from leucine-rich repeat domains

An immune response mediated by lymphocytes expressing specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process that includes somatic recombination of variable lymphocyte receptors (VLR) incorporating leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains, and allowing for enhanced responses upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). Examples of this process are found in jawless fish, including the lampreys (Petromyzontidae) and hagfishes (Myxinidae).


2-phenanthrol sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phenanthrol + X-SO3(-) = HX + 2-phenanthrylsulfate.


formation of animal organ boundary

The regionalization process that specifies animal organ primordium boundaries resulting in a restriction of organogenesis to a limited spatial domain and keeping the organ separate from surrounding tissues.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,-6-trans-farnesol + ATP = 2-trans,-6-trans-farnesyl monophosphate + ADP + H+.


gibberellin A13,oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A13 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 <=> gibberellin A43 + succinate + carbon dioxide.


protein localization to equatorial microtubule organizing center

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an equatorial microtubule organizing center.


ansamycin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ansamycins, any of a group of complex macrolactam compounds characterized by a cyclic structure in which an aliphatic ansa chain forms a bridge between two non-adjacent positions of a cyclic p-system; many exhibit antibacterial, antifungal or antitumor activity.


tetracyclic triterpenoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetracyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 4 carbon rings.


N-substituted formamide deformylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-benzylformamide + H2O = formate + benzylamine.


epi-isozizaene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = (+)-epi-isozizaene + diphosphate.


presynaptic signal transduction

Signal transduction in which the initial step occurs in a presynapse.


detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of umami taste

The series of events required for a umami taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal. Umami taste is the savory taste of meats and other foods that are rich in glutamates.


regulation of phospholipase D activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipase D activity.


glycerol dehydrogenase (acceptor) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: A + glycerol = AH(2) + glycerone.


CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation

The expansion of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell population by cell division.


tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next.


regulation of arbuscule formation for nutrient acquisition from host

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont arbuscule formation for nutrient acquisition from host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


R-lactaldehyde reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-propane-1,2-diol + NAD+ = (R)-lactaldehyde + NADH + H+.


hydroxyectoine binding

Binding to hydroxyectoine.


innate immune response-inhibiting signal transduction

The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the level or activity of a second messenger or other downstream target, and ultimately leading to inhibition of an innate immune response.


negative regulation of plasmatocyte differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of plasmatocyte differentiation.


sucrose-phosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + D-fructose 6-phosphate = UDP + sucrose 6-phosphate.


emericellin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving emericellin.


negative regulation of pigment cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pigment cell differentiation.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate 5-O-beta-D-glucoside + UDP + H+.


diterpenoid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.


5-methylcytosine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 5-methylcytosine, a methylated base of DNA.


hydrogen dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + H2 = NADPH + H+.


TTP metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving TTP, ribosylthymine triphosphate.


dentate nucleus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dentate nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


negative regulation of neuronal signal transduction

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuronal signal transduction.


rhombomere 4 formation

The process that gives rise to rhombomere 4. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order.


luciferin monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the generalized reaction: luciferin + O2 = oxidized luciferin + CO2 + light. There may be additional substrates and reactants involved in the reaction. The reaction results in light emission as luciferin returns to the ground state after enzymatic oxidation.


positive regulation of embryonic pattern specification

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic pattern specification.


Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + O-(2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho)ethanolamine = [acyl-carrier protein] + O-(1-beta-acyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho)ethanolamine.


positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylacetonitrile + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 4-hydroxymandelonitrile + H2O + NADP+.


atrazine N-dealkylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: atrazine + O2 + 2 H+ = deethylatrazine + acetaldehyde + H2O.


regulation of pulmonary blood vessel remodeling

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pulmonary blood vessel remodeling.


ground tissue pattern formation

The regionalization process that gives rise to the patterning of the ground tissue.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxyisonicotinate + acceptor + H2O = citrazinate + reduced acceptor.


catechol catabolic process, meta-cleavage

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of catechol via the meta-cleavage pathway, in which the catechol aromatic ring is broken between a hydroxylated carbon atom and an adjacent unsubstituted carbon atom.


negative regulation by symbiont of salicylic acid levels in host

Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of salicylic acid levels in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


all-trans-phytoene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate -> all-trans-phytoene + 2 diphosphate.


copper chelate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a copper chelate from one side of a membrane to the other. A copper chelate is a heterocyclic compound having a metal ion attached by coordinate bonds to at least two nonmetal ions.


detection of sucrose stimulus

The series of events in which a sucrose stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


alpha-beta T cell activation involved in immune response

The change in morphology and behavior of an alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


intracellular mRNA localization involved in pattern specification process

Any process in which mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location within an oocyte that results in a pattern being established in the embryo.


regulation of hemocyte differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hemocyte differentiation.


cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanin betaine + H2O <=> cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + beta-D-glucose.


nickel incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl L-cysteine persulfido bis-L-glutamato L-histidino nickel triiron disulfide trioxide

The incorporation of nickel into a 3Fe-2S complex by tris-L-cysteinyl L-cysteine persulfido bis-L-glutamato L-histidino nickel triiron disulfide trioxide.


mugineic-acid 3-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: mugineic acid + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 3-epihydroxymugineic acid + succinate + CO2.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-dehydro-L-gulonate + H+ = L-xylulose + CO2.


negative regulation of activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process.


glutamate-putrescine ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate + ATP + putrescine = gamma-L-glutamylputrescine + ADP + 2 H+ + phosphate.


L-glutamate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate + O2 + H2O = 2-oxoglutarate + NH3 + H2O2.


gastrulation with mouth forming first

A gastrulation process in which the initial invagination becomes the mouth and the anus forms second.


posterior semicircular canal development

The progession of the posterior semicircular canal from its initial formation to the mature structure.


Catalysis of the reaction: microsomal-membrane protein + diphosphate = diphosphate + O-phospho-microsomal-membrane protein.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-methylnaphthalene + NADH + H+ + O2 = 1-hydroxymethylnaphthalene + NAD+ + H2O.


peptidyl-histidine modification

The modification of peptidyl-histidine.


glucuronan lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (1->4)-beta-D-glucuronan = an oligosaccharide with 4-deoxy-beta-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl end + (1->4)-beta-D-glucuronan. This reaction is the eliminative cleavage of (1->4)-beta-D-glucuronans to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-beta-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups at their non-reducing ends. Complete degradation of glucuronans results in the formation of tetrasaccharides.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-isopropylaniline + O2 + 2 H+ + NADH = catechol + NAD+ + isopropylamine.


endosulfan hemisulfate sulfatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: endosulfan hemisulfate + H2O = endosulfan monoalcohol + 2 H+ + sulfate.


nitrotoluene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrotoluene, any methylbenzene molecule with NO2 group(s) attached.


positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity.


fumitremorgin B biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the indole alkaloid fumitremorgin B.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methyloct-2-enoyl-CoA + H2O = 3-hydroxy-4-methyloctanoyl-CoA.


xanthophyll cycle

A cyclic series of interconversions involving three xanthophylls, violoxanthin, antheraxanthin, and zeaxanthin. The xanthophyll cycle is involved in regulating energy dissipation in light harvesting complex II.


maintenance of neuroblast polarity

The maintenance of the apicobasal polarity of a neuroblast cell, a progenitor of the central nervous system.


positive regulation of basidiospore formation

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of frequency, rate or extent of basidiospore formation, a process in which a sexually produced fungal spore is formed on a basidium in the fungi basidiomycetes.


glucosinolate biosynthetic process from phenylalanine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosinolates from other compounds including phenylalanine.


redox taxis

The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to redox potential.


photosynthesis, light harvesting in photosystem I

After a photon of light is absorbed by one of the many chlorophyll molecules, in one of the light-harvesting complexes of an antenna on photosystem I, some of the absorbed energy is transferred to the pair of chlorophyll molecules in the reaction center.


DNA synthesis involved in mitochondrial DNA replication

Any DNA biosynthetic process that is involved in mitochondrial DNA replication.


initiation of movement involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

The initial stages of cell motility involved in the glial-mediated movement of cells in the developing cerebral cortex.


positive regulation of uracil import across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of uracil import across plasma membrane.


endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) derived vesicle fusion with Golgi cis cisterna membrane

The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around an ERGIC-derived vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane around the Golgi cis cisterna. Such vesicles include COPII-coated transport vesicles involved in anterograde transport.


mercury ion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of mercury (Hg) ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


alpha-pinene monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-pinene + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + pinocarveol.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing 2'-O-methylguanosine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxy-5-methyl-5'-cytidylate + ATP = 5-methyldeoxycytidine diphosphate + ADP + H+.


nitrile metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitriles, an organic compound containing trivalent nitrogen attached to one carbon atom. The nitriles are named with reference to the acids produced by their decomposition; for example, hydrocyanic acid is formic nitrile, and methyl cyanide is acetic nitrile.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentanol = 2,4,4-trimethylpentanal + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


type I hypersensitivity mediated by basophils

An inflammatory response driven by antigen recognition by antibodies bound to Fc receptors basophils, occurring within minutes after exposure of a sensitized individual to the antigen, and leading to the release of a variety of inflammatory mediators such as histamines.


CD4-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell differentiation

The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a CD4-positive, alpha-beta intraepithelial T cell. Intraepithelial T cells are found among epithelial cells in mucosal areas and have distinct phenotypes and developmental pathways.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-hydroxymethyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + O2 + NADH(2-) + H+ <=> 4alpha-formyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(1-) + 2 H2O.


suppression by symbiont of host inflammatory response

Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response of the host organism; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


A lipid oxidation process proceeding through a series of three successive monooxygenations of the alpha methyl group on the C4 carbon (CH3 to CH2OH to CHO to COOH) and resulting in this overall reaction: 4,4-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclopropylsterol + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ + 3 O2 = 4-alpha-carboxy, 4-beta-methyl-9beta,19-cyclopropylsterol + 3 NADP+ + 3 H2O.


negative regulation of voltage-gated potassium channel activity in another organism

Any process in which an organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a voltage-gated potassium channel in another organism.


ncRNA transcription associated with protein coding gene TSS/TES

The transcription of non-coding RNA associated with transcriptional start and end sites of protein coding genes. This occurs at some low level for many protein coding genes.


response to red or far red light

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a red or far red light stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs.


(R)-2-hydroxy-fatty acid dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxystearate + NAD+ = 2-oxostearate + H+ + NADH.


glutamic-type endopeptidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism involving a glutamate/glutamine catalytic dyad.


peptide cross-linking via (2S,3S,4Xi,6R)-3-methyl-lanthionine sulfoxide

The formation of a protein-protein cross-link between peptidyl-threonine and peptidyl-cysteine by the synthesis of (2S,3S,4Xi,6R)-3-methyl-lanthionine sulfoxide (3-methyl-L-lanthionine sulfoxide), as found in the antibiotic actagardine.


Catalysis of the reaction: desacetoxyvindoline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = desacetylvindoline + succinate + CO2.


light-induced release of internally sequestered calcium ion

The process in which the detection of light triggers the release of internally sequestered calcium ions.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetylglucosamine + Skp1-protein-hydroxyproline = UDP + Skp1-protein-O-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)hydroxyproline.


modulation of penetration peg formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont penetration peg formation for entry into host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen

The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell.


regulation of cell adhesion involved in heart morphogenesis by non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that decreased the extent of cell adhesion that contributes to the shaping of the heart.


CGA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CGA codon.


aerobic lactate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactate (2-hydroxypropanoic acid) in the presence of oxygen.


nitrate reductase (cytochrome) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ferrocytochrome + nitrate = ferricytochrome + nitrite.


Malpighian tubule principal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a Malpighian tubule principal cell. A Malpighian tubule principal cell is an epithelial secretory cell that transports cations into the lumen of the tubule.


chondroitin sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + chondroitin = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + chondroitin sulfate.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on hydrogen as donor, cytochrome as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor and reduces a cytochrome.


cellular response to dinitrophenol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dinitrophenol stimulus.


negative regulation of sexual sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of cellular spores derived from the products of meiosis.


oligosaccharide transporting porin activity

Enables the transfer of oligosaccharide, sized less than 1000 Da, from one side of a membrane to the other. The transmembrane portions of porins consist exclusively of beta-strands which form a beta-barrel. They are found in the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, plastids and possibly acid-fast Gram-positive bacteria.


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + L-valine + ATP = H+ + indole-3-acetyl-valine + AMP + diphosphoric acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: succinyl-CoA + (R)-citramalate = succinate + (R)-citramalyl-CoA.


Catalysis of the reaction: quinolin-2-ol + NADH + H+ + O2 = 2,5,6-trihydroxy-5,6-dihydroquinoline + NAD+.


glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (non-phosphorylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + H2O + NADP+ = 3-phospho-D-glycerate + 2 H+ + NADPH.


Catalysis of the reaction: hexose + phosphoramidate = hexose 1-phosphate + NH3.


DNA amplification

The process in which the number of copies of a gene is increased in certain cells as extra copies of DNA are made in response to certain signals of cell development or of stress from the environment.


D-xylose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-xylose, a naturally occurring plant polysaccharide.


sulfur compound transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a sulfur compound from one side of a membrane to the other.


trimetaphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + trimetaphosphate = 2 H+ + triphosphate.


malolactic enzyme activity

Catalysis of the reaction: malate + H+ = L-lactate + CO2.


regulation of cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: nucleotide 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleotide 5'-phosphate.


The acetylation of the N-terminal lysine of proteins to form the derivative N2-acetyl-L-lysine. The occurrence of this modification has not been confirmed.


regulation of mannan catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mannan catabolic process.


chromosome localization

Any process in which a chromosome is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


peptide cross-linking via 4'-(S-L-cysteinyl)-L-tryptophyl quinone

The cross-linking of a cysteine residue to tryptophyl quinone to form 4'-(S-L-cysteinyl)-L-tryptophyl quinone, a cofactor found at the active site of amine dehydrogenase.


juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to juvenile hormone acid.


xanthophyll metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving xanthophylls, oxygen-containing carotenoids.


rRNA N-glycosylase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the N-glycosylic bond at A-4324 in 28S rRNA from rat ribosomes or corresponding sites in 28S RNA from other species.


terminal cell fate specification, open tracheal system

The process in which a cell in an open tracheal system becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a terminal cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed. Terminal cells send long and bifurcated hollow branches toward target tissues to allow oxygen exchange.


methylseleninic acid reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADPH + H+ + CH3SeO2H => NADP+ + CH3SeOH + H2O.


regulation of olefin metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of olefin metabolic process.


allantoin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-isopropylbut-3-enoyl-CoA + H2O = 3-isopropylbut-3-enoic acid + CoASH.


eye field cell fate commitment involved in camera-type eye formation

The commitment of neurectodermal cells to cells of the eye field and their capacity to differentiate into eye field cells. Eye field cells are neurectodermal cells that will form the optic placode.


regulation of spore germination

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of spore germination.


(E)-beta-ocimene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate = (E)-beta-ocimene + diphosphate.


lavandulyl diphosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 dimethylallyl diphosphate = diphosphate + lavandulyl diphosphate.


gibberellin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving gibberellin. Gibberellins are a class of highly modified terpenes that function as plant growth regulators.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate + glycochenodeoxycholate = adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate + glycochenodeoxycholate 7-sulfate + H+.


glycolytic fermentation to propionate

Glycolytic fermentation resulting in the catabolism of glucose to propionate, yielding energy in the form of ATP; an alternative to the acrylate pathway to produce propionate.


negative regulation of cellular response to alkaline pH

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to alkalinity.


pyrene dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pyrene + 2 H+ + 2 e- + O2 = cis-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydropyrene.


mechanoreceptor activity

Combining with a mechanical force and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction.


peptidyl-serine acetylation

The acetylation of peptidyl-serine.


detection of electrical stimulus

The series of events by which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


cellular response to cordycepin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cordycepin stimulus.


negative regulation of transformation of host cell by virus

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transformation of host cell by virus.


anthranilate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + anthranilate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + anthranilyl-CoA.


chlorophyll biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, from less complex precursors.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-3-enoate-4-benzenoid + H2O = pyruvate + benzaldehyde derivative. Substrates are (3E)-4-(5-amino-2-hydroxy-phenyl)-2-oxo-but-3-ene-1-oic-acid (forms 5-aminosalicylaldehyde) and trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate (forms salicylaldehyde).


formate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: formate + a quinone = CO2 + a quinol.


G protein-coupled amine receptor activity

Combining with an extracellular amine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


pentraxin receptor activity

Combining with a pentraxin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


heme C metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving heme c, a derivative of heme found in cytochromes c, b4, and f.


vascular associated smooth muscle cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a vascular smooth muscle cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed. A vascular smooth muscle cell is a non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the blood vessels.


thiazole synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + 2-iminoacetate + thiocarboxy-adenylate-[sulfur-carrier protein ThiS] = 2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate + [sulfur-carrier protein ThiS] + 2 H2O.


tellurite transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of tellurite from one side of a membrane to the other. Tellurite is a salt of tellurous acid or an oxide of tellurium which occurs sparingly in tufts of white or yellowish crystals.


superior vena cava morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of superior vena cava generated and organized. The superior vena cava is a blood vessel that transports blood from the upper body to the heart.


E-series resolvin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of resolvin family E-series, hydroxy fatty acids derived from icosapentaenoic acid.


oxazole or thiazole metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving oxazole or thiazole, five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen and a sulfur, respectively, in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position.


5-hydroxymethyluracil DNA N-glycosylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of 5-hydroxymethyluracil bases by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the oxidized pyrimidine and the deoxyribose sugar.


halohydrin hydrogen-halide-lyase B activity

Catalysis of the elimination of HCl from a chloropropanol, yielding an epoxypropane.


negative regulation of cytokinin-activated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytokinin signaling.


rejection of pollen from other species

The recognition and rejection of pollen of one species by cells in the stigma of another species.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-lactose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + lactose(out) = protein histidine + lactose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxypyrene + XCH3 = 1-methoxypyrene + HX.


Catalysis of the reaction: NADPH + H+ + sulfur = hydrogen sulfide + NADP+.


protein-containing complex assembly involved in synapse maturation

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex that contributes to synapse maturation.


capsule polysaccharide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides that make up the capsule, a protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria and fungi.


energy derivation by oxidation of reduced inorganic compounds

The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from inorganic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + kaempferol = UDP + kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-galactoside.


regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation.


regulation of synaptic vesicle lumen acidification

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle lumen acidification.


Catalysis of the reaction: anthocyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside + caffeoyl-CoA = pelargonidin 3-O-(6-O-caffeoyl-beta-D-glucoside) 5-O-beta-D-glucoside + coenzyme A.


Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol + UDP-galactose = O-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1,3)-1D-myo-inositol + UDP.


negative regulation of osmosensory signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osmosensory signaling pathway.


Catalysis of the reaction: aldose 1-phosphate + NDP = phosphate + NDP-aldose.


heart jogging

The morphogenetic process in which the heart cone is displaced to the left with respect to the vector of the anterior-posterior axis.


The process that gives rise to the patterns of cell differentiation that will arise in the chitin-based adult cuticle. An example of this process is adult chitin-based cuticle pattern formation in Drosophila melanogaster.


licodione synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + liquiritigenin + NADPH + O2 = H2O + licodione + NADP+.


dibutyl phthalate binding

Binding to dibutyl phthalate, C(16)H(22)O(4).


RNA dinucleotide insertion

The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of a dinucleotide.


lipopolysaccharide floppase activity

Enables the transfer of a lipopolysaccharide from the cytosolic to the exoplasmic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP.


regulation of plasma cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of plasma cell differentiation.


racemase activity, acting on amino acids and derivatives

Catalysis of the interconversion of the two enantiomers of a chiral amino acid or amino acid derivative.


positive regulation of heart induction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heart induction.


glucuronate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of glucuronate from one side of a membrane to the other. Glucuronate is the uronic acid formally derived from glucose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group.


phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (diphosphate) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + oxaloacetate = CO2 + phosphate + phosphoenolpyruvate.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 7-hydroxyflavone <=> 7-O-beta-D-glucosyl-7-hydroxyflavone + UDP + H+.


sorocarp stalk development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sorocarp stalk over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sorocarp stalk is a tubular structure that consists of cellulose-covered cells stacked on top of each other and surrounded by an acellular stalk tube composed of cellulose and glycoprotein. An example of this process is found in Dictyostelium discoideum.


Enables the transfer of UDP-beta-L-arabinofuranose from one side of a membrane to the other.


negative regulation of tRNA export from nucleus

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tRNA export from nucleus.


clathrin coating of Golgi vesicle, trans-Golgi to endosome targeting

The addition of clathrin and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of transport vesicles that will move from the trans-Golgi to the endosome, forming a vesicle coat.


regulation of vacuolar transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vacuolar transport.


endoplasmic reticulum-derived vesicle fusion with endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) membrane

The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around an endoplasmic reticulum-derived vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane of the ERGIC. Such vesicles include COPII-coated transport vesicles involved in anterograde transport.


costunolide synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-oate + O2 + NADPH + 2 H+ = costunolide + 2 H2O + NADP.


zeaxanthin 2-beta-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: zeaxanthin + O2 + NADH + H+ <=> caloxanthin + H2O + NAD.


detoxification of inorganic compound

Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of inorganic compounds. These include transport of such compounds away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of inorganic compounds.


cellobiose epimerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cellobiose = D-glucosyl-D-mannose.


alkan-1-ol dehydrogenase (acceptor) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: primary alcohol + acceptor = aldehyde + reduced acceptor.


regulation of plant organ morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of plant organ morphogenesis.


plastid membrane organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of either of the lipid bilayers surrounding a plastid.


chlorinated hydrocarbon catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chlorinated hydrocarbons, compounds derived from hydrocarbons by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with chlorine atoms.


UGU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UGU codon.


Catalysis of the reaction: dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide + O2 + 2 NADH + H+ = 2 NAD+ + H2O + 2'-hydroxybiphenyl-2-sulfinate.


p-cumate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving p-cumate.


B cell tolerance induction

A process involving any mechanism for tolerance induction in B cells.


FMN reductase (NAD(P)H) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: FMNH2 + NAD(P)+ = FMN + NAD(P)H + H+. This reaction can utilize NADH and NADPH with similar reaction rates.


barbiturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: barbiturate + H2O = malonate + urea.


defense response to insect

A response to protect an organism from a directly detected or perceived external threat from an insect or insects to that organism.


dihydrogeranylgeranyl-chlorophyll a reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + dihydrogeranylgeranyl-chlorophyll a + NADPH = tetrahydrogeranylgeranyl-chlorophyll a + NADP.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: alpha-glucoside(out) + H+(out) = alpha-glucoside(in) + H+(in). Alpha-glucosides include trehalose, maltose, turanose, isomaltose, alpha-methylglucoside, maltotriose, palatinose, trehalose and melezitose.


adhesion of symbiont germination tube to host

The attachment of a germination tube of the symbiont to its host via adhesion molecules. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


negative regulation of myotube cell migration

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myotube cell migration.


positive regulation of response to toluene

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to toluene.


somatic motor neuron fate commitment

The commitment of unspecified motor neurons to specific motor neuron cell along the anterior-posterior axis of the spinal cord and their capacity to differentiate into specific motor neurons.


citramalate lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-citramalate = acetate + pyruvate.


glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (coenzyme F420) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-glucose 6-phosphate + coenzyme F420 + H+ = 6-O-phosphono-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + reduced coenzyme F420.


UCC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UCC codon.


embryonic plasmatocyte differentiation

The process in which an embryonic mesoderm-derived hemocyte precursor cell acquires the specialized features of the phagocytic blood-cell type, the plasmatocyte.


establishment of planar polarity involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium that contributes to the shaping of a nephron in the metanephros.


arogenate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arogenate + NAD(P)+ = L-tyrosine + NAD(P)H + CO2.


regulation of early stripe melanocyte differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of early stripe melanocyte differentiation.


sequestering of metal ion

The process of binding or confining metal ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system.


parathion metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving parathion, a highly toxic organophosphate compound formerly used as a broad spectrum insecticide, acaricide, fumigant and nematocide. Degradation of parathion by sunlight or liver enzymes can result in the formation of the active compound paraoxon which interferes with the nervous system through cholinesterase inhibition.


fructan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructan, a polysaccharide consisting of fructose residues.


dADP binding

Binding to dADP, deoxyadenosine diphosphate.


1,2-dehydroreticulinium reductase (NADPH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-reticuline + NADP+ = 1,2-dehydroreticuline + H+ + NADPH.


nuclear dicing body assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a nuclear dicing body.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-4-isopropenylcyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA = 4-isopropenyl-2-ketocyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


Catalysis of the reaction: malonyl-CoA + H+ + a long-chain acyl-[acp] + a reduced electron acceptor = 2 carbon dioxide + coenzyme A + a terminal olefin + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein] + an oxidized electron acceptor.


amylopectin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving an amylopectin.


borate binding

Binding to borate, the anion (BO3)3-.


glutamate catabolic process to ornithine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including ornithine.


regulation of cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mitotic to meiotic cell cycle switching, the process in which a cell switches cell cycle mode from mitotic to meiotic division.


regulation of ergot alkaloid biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ergot alkaloid biosynthetic process.


lactam biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactams, any cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.


ABC-type monosaccharide transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + monosaccharide(out) = ADP + phosphate + monosaccharide(in). Ribose, xylose, arabinose, galactose and methylgalactoside are imported.


regulation of forward locomotion

Any process that modulates the speed, mechanical force, or rhythm of the anterior movement of an organism.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-mannitol phosphotransferase system transmembrane transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + mannitol(out) = protein histidine + mannitol phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


rhamnolipid biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation/production of a glycolipid surfactant that acts as a bacterial biofilm dispersal.


negative regulation of border follicle cell delamination

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of border cell delamination.


phosphoglycerate kinase (GTP) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phospho-D-glycerate + GTP = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + GDP + H+.


inositol hexakisphosphate 4-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1D-myo-inositol hexakisphosphate = ADP + 4-diphospho-1D-myo-inositol (1,2,3,5,6)pentakisphosphate.


cellular response to amphetamine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amphetamine stimulus. Amphetamines consist of a group of compounds related to alpha-methylphenethylamine.


positive regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mechanoreceptor differentiation.


maintenance of oocyte nucleus location involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification

Maintenance of the oocyte nucleus in a particular position within the cell during the establishment and maintenance of the axes of the oocyte. An example of this process is found In Drosophila melanogaster.


positive regulation of response to furfural

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to furfural.


salicylic acid binding

Binding to salicylic acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantolactone + NADP+ = 2-dehydropantolactone + NADPH + H+.


suppression by virus of host viral-induced cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of host RIG-I activity

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces a host viral-induced cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway by inhibiting the activity of RIG-1 (also known as DDX58). The cytoplasmic pattern recognition RIG-I recognizes viral RNA synthesized during active viral replication and signals to protect the host against viral infection, for example by inducing the expression of antiviral cytokines.


angular vestibuloocular reflex

A vestibular reflex by which a response to an angular acceleration stimulus begins with an afferent nerve impulse from a receptor in the semi-circular canal and ends with the compensatory action of eye muscles. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness.


effector-mediated induction of programmed cell death in host

A symbiont process in which a molecule secreted by the symbiont activates a programmed cell death pathway in the host to suppress the host innate immune response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of haustorium mother cell formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont haustorium mother cell formation. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


viral procapsid maturation

The refolding and structural rearrangements of individual capsid subunits to transition from the intermediate procapsid, to the more stable capsid structure.


positive regulation of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to neutral pH

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to neutral pH.


negative regulation of membrane depolarization during AV node cell action potential

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of membrane depolarization during AV node cell action potential.


transforming growth factor beta3 production

The appearance of transforming growth factor-beta3 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class Ib

The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses peptide antigen in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex on its cell surface. The peptide antigen may originate from an endogenous or exogenous protein. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E family.


cellular response to cyanide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyanide stimulus.


pollination

The cascade of biological processes occurring in plants beginning when the pollen lands on the female reproductive organs of a plant and continuing up to, but not including, fertilization, as defined by sperm-egg cell fusion.


protein-DNA-RNA complex remodeling

The acquisition, loss, or modification of macromolecules within a protein-DNA-RNA complex, resulting in the alteration of an existing complex.


involution involved in gastrulation with mouth forming second

The inturning of an epithelial sheet over the basal surface of an outer layer involved in deuterostomic gastrulation.


norsolorinate anthrone synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7 malonyl-CoA + 5 H+ + a hexanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] = norsolorinate anthrone + 7 coenzyme A + 7 carbon dioxide + 2 H2O + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


chloride peroxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 chloride + H2O2 = 2 R-Cl + 2 H2O.


positive regulation of methanofuran metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of methanofuran metabolic process.


Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + 2,3-di-O-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycero-1-phosphate = CDP-2,3-di-O-geranylgeranyl-sn-glycerol.


blasticidin-S deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: blasticidin S + H2O = deaminohydroxyblasticidin S + NH3.


bract formation

The process that gives rise to a bract. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. A bract is a leaf, usually different in form from the foliage leaves, subtending a flower or inflorescence.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic links in oligoxyloglucans so as to remove successive isoprimeverose (i.e. alpha-xylo-1,6-beta-D-glucosyl-) residues from the non-reducing chain ends.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-trehalose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + trehalose(out) = protein histidine + trehalose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


flavonoid phytoalexin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of flavonoid phytoalexins, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton, which possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection.


detection of reduced oxygen by aortic body chemoreceptor signaling

The process in which information about the levels of oxygen are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in an aortic body.


4-hydroxycoumarin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 4-hydroxycoumarin.


posterior lateral line neuromast deposition

The process in which a migrating neuromast primordium deposits clusters of undifferentiated cells (proneuromasts) along its migratory path in the developing posterior lateral line.


metanephric podocyte cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell. A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros.


regulation of epiboly involved in gastrulation with mouth forming second

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epiboly involved in gastrulation with mouth forming second.


cell migration involved in mammary placode formation

The orderly movement of epithelial cells within the mammary line that contributes to the formation of the mammary placode.


asparaginyl-tRNAAsn biosynthesis via transamidation

A tRNA aminoacylation process in which asparaginyl-tRNAAsn is formed by a tRNA-dependent two-step pathway. In the first step a non-discriminating aspartyl-tRNA synthetase generates the misacylated L-aspartyl-tRNAAsn species, and in the second step it is amidated to the correctly charged L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn by the heterotrimeric aspartyl-tRNAAsn amidotransferase.


The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-20 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + NAD+ = aminoacetone + H+ + NADH.


cyclic photosynthetic phosphorylation

A photosynthetic phosphorylation process in which ATP synthesis is driven by a proton gradient generated across the thylakoid membrane. Involves only photosystem I.


tumor necrosis factor superfamily cytokine production

The appearance of any member of the TNF superfamily due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


methanofuran metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a methanofuran.


Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + an alpha-2,8-linked polymer of sialic acid = CoA + polysialic acid acetylated at O-7 or O-9.


quinate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of quinate, the anion of quinic acid.


O-glycan processing, core 7

The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 7 O-glycan structure, GalNAc-alpha-(1->6)-GalNAc.


cranial nerve structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the cranial nerves. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The cranial nerves are composed of twelve pairs of nerves that emanate from the nervous tissue of the hindbrain. These nerves are sensory, motor, or mixed in nature, and provide the motor and general sensory innervation of the head, neck and viscera. They mediate vision, hearing, olfaction and taste and carry the parasympathetic innervation of the autonomic ganglia that control visceral functions.


cellular response to desiccation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a desiccation stimulus, extreme dryness resulting from the prolonged deprivation of water.


steviol 13-O glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: steviol + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = steviolmonoside + UDP + H+.


diphenyl ether 2,3-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: diphenyl ether + O2 = 2,3-dihydroxydiphenyl ether.


Catalysis of the reaction: (7S)-salutaridinol + acetyl-CoA = (7S)-O-acetylsalutaridinol + CoA.


Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-CoA + mucus glycoprotein = CoA + O-palmitoylglycoprotein.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: citrate(out) + H+(out) = citrate(in) + H+(in).


benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzo(a)pyrene + O2 = benzo(a)pyrene-cis-7,8-dihydrodiol.


protein localization to centriolar satellite

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a centriolar satellite.


detection of steroid hormone stimulus

The series of events by which a steroid hormone stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


D-leucine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-leucine.


epithelial cell migration involved in metanephric distal tubule morphogenesis

The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to metanephric distal tubule morphogenesis.


blasticidin S biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of blasticidin S.


regulation of amine metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform amines.


neurotransmitter receptor catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of neurotransmitter receptors.


formate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: formate + NAD+ = CO2 + NADH.


osmoregulated periplasmic glucan catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of osmoregulated periplasmic glucan.


ribose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + NADP+ + ribofuranose = D-ribonate + 2 H+ + NADPH.


right ventricular trabecular myocardium morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the right ventricular myocardium are generated and organized.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on diphenols and related substances as donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a diphenol, or related compound, acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.


water-soluble vitamin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of a diverse group of vitamins that are soluble in water.


methanesulfonate monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: methanesulfonate + NADH + H+ + O2 = formaldehyde + NAD+ + sulfite + H2O.


regulation of aeciospore formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of aeciospore formation, a process in which a dikaryotic spore of typically a rust fungus is produced in an aecium.


sporulation

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a spore over time, from its initiation to the mature structure. A spore is a structure that can be used for dissemination, for survival of adverse conditions because of its heat and dessication resistance, and/or for reproduction.


pullulanase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1,6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in pullulan (a linear polymer of alpha-(1,6)-linked maltotriose units) and in amylopectin and glycogen, and the a- and b-limit dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen.


Lewy body formation

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a Lewy body.


ADP dimethylallyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: delta2-isopentenyl diphosphate + ADP = diphosphate + N6-(delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenosine 5'-diphosphate.


mismatch base pair DNA N-glycosylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of single bases present in mismatches by the cleavage the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the target damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases a free base and leaves an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site.


positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) into a neuron or glial cell.


female germ-line stem cell population maintenance

The process by which an organism or tissue maintains a population of female germ-line stem cells.


CDP-diacylglycerol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving CDP-diacylglycerol, CDP-1,2-diacylglycerol, a substance composed of diacylglycerol in glycosidic linkage with cytidine diphosphate. It is a common intermediate in phospholipid biosynthesis.


regionalization involved in semicircular canal formation

The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of the otic epithelium in space to define an area or volume in which cells will differentiate to give rise to the semicircular canals.


adenosylcobyric acid synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4 L-glutamine + adenosylcob(III)yrinate a,c-diamide + 4 ATP + 4 H2O = 4 L-glutamate + adenosylcobyrate + 4 ADP + 8 H+ + 4 phosphate.


response to puromycin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a puromycin stimulus.


acridone synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-methylanthranilyl-CoA + 3 H+ + 3 malonyl-CoA = 1,3-dihydroxy-N-methylacridone + 3 CO2 + 4 CoA + H2O.


negative regulation of adult somatic muscle development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of adult somatic muscle development.


allantoate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of allantoate from one side of a membrane to the other. Allantoate is the end product of purine metabolism in mammals and some fish, formed form allantoin. It is widely distributed in plants as an important source of stored nitrogen.


RNA acetylation

The posttranscriptional addition of one or more acetyl groups to specific residues in an RNA molecule.


post-embryonic plant organ development

Development, taking place during the post-embryonic phase of a plant tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.


shoot organ boundary specification

The process in which the basal boundary between the stem and both vegetative and reproductive organs are established and maintained.


aminophosphonate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving aminophosphonates, phosphonic acid derivatives that contain an amino group.


16-hydroxysteroid epimerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 16-alpha-hydroxysteroid = 16-beta-hydroxysteroid.


histone H3-K4 acetylation

The modification of histone H3 by the addition of an acetyl group to a lysine residue at position 4 of the histone.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,4-trimethylpentanal + H2O = 2,4,4-trimethylpentanoate + 3 H+ + 2 e-.


The process of coupling arginine to arginyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by arginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, iron-sulfur protein as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an iron-sulfur protein.


cyanidin 3-O-glucoside 5-O glucosyltransferase (vanilloyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + 1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose <=> cyanin betaine + vanillate + H+.


zeaxanthin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving zeaxanthin.