Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-phenyllactate + [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonatooxy)oxolan-2-yl]methyl {[(3R)-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-3-({2-[(2-{[(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoyl]sulfanyl}ethyl)carbamoyl]ethyl}carbamoyl)propyl phosphonato]oxy}phosphonate = (R)-3-phenyllactoyl-CoA + trans-cinnamate.


AUC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AUC codon.


Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + 4-coumaryl-CoA + H+ <=> cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-(E)-4-coumaroyl-beta-D-glucoside) + coenzyme A.


establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized cytoskeletal structures.


presynaptic cytoskeleton organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures and their associated proteins in the presynaptic cytoskeleton.


dihydrokaempferol 4-reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin + NADP+ = (+)-dihydrokaempferol + NADPH + H+.


ureter smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the ureter. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The ureter is one of a pair of thick-walled tubes that transports urine from the kidney pelvis to the urinary bladder.


negative regulation of endocardial cushion cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endocardial cushion cell differentiation.


nitroimidazole metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitroimidazoles, imidazole derivatives with a nitro group attached to one ring.


regulation of hyphopodium formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont hyphopodium formation on or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-alanine + ATP + UDP-N-acetylmuramate = ADP + 2 H+ + phosphate + UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine.


regulation of jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway.


Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carbonyl-CoA + H2O = 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-enecarbonyl-CoA.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxymethylsalicylaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = 4-hydroxymethylsalicylate + NADH + 2 H+.


xanthone-containing compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a xanthone-containing compound.


regulation of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to neutral pH

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to neutral pH.


regulation of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation.


positive regulation of hemostasis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hemostasis.


phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring.


anticlinal cell division

A cell division process where the division plane is perpendicular to the surface of the organ. It adds cells to the existing cell layer or cell file.


Binding to and responding, e.g. by conformational change, to changes in the cellular level of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate.


response to topologically incorrect protein

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a protein that is not folded in its correct three-dimensional structure.


Catalysis of the reaction: deethylsimazine + H2O = N-ethylammeline + chloride + H+.


cellular response to lipoic acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoic acid stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a beta-sitosterol = UDP + O-glucosyl-beta-sitosterol.


cellular metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.


secondary branching, open tracheal system

Sprouting of secondary branches in an open tracheal system. These form from the tips of primary branches and are formed by individual cells that roll up into unicellular tubes. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


anther septum development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anther septum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The anther septum is a thin partition or stretch of cells that are present in the anther dehiscence zone.


guanine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine, 2-amino-6-hydroxypurine, a purine that is one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of a number of phosphorylated guanosine derivatives whose metabolic or regulatory functions are important.


negative regulation of dopamine biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dopamine biosynthetic process.


regulation of auxin polar transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of auxin polar transport.


apical ectodermal ridge formation

The process that gives rise to the apical ectodermal ridge. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, signal sequence processing

The removal of the signal peptide from a nascent protein during cotranslational membrane targeting.


Catalysis of the reaction: estradiol-17alpha 3-D-glucuronoside + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = 17alpha-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-estradiol 3-D-glucuronoside + H+ + UDP.


system process

A multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system. An organ system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a biological objective.


regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the ureter gland over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets.


Catalysis of the transfer of a prenyl group from one compound (donor) to homogentisic acid.


methylgalactoside transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of methylgalactoside from one side of a membrane to the other. Methylgalactoside is a compound in which the H of the OH group on carbon-1 of galactose is replaced by a methyl group.


organic heteropentacyclic compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic heteropentacyclic compound.


proton motive force dependent protein transmembrane transporter activity

Catalysis of the transfer of proteins from one side of a membrane to the other. Transportation is dependent on pH gradient across the membrane.


cell wall organization involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

A process of cell wall organization that contributes to conjugation with cellular fusion.


Golgi membrane coat protein complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of priming complexes to form a coat on a Golgi membrane. Priming complexes associate laterally and additional coat proteins are recruited from the cytosol to the forming coat. Cargo proteins diffuse into the budding site and become trapped by their interactions with the coat.


Delta12-linoleate epoxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-phosphatidylcholine + NADPH + O2 <=> 1-palmitoyl-2-vernoloyl-phosphatidylcholine + NADP + H2O.


protein glucuronylation

The modification of a protein by amino acid glucuronylation, the addition of a glucuronate group, the uronic acid derived from glucose.


regulation of oomycete sporangium development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oomycete sporangium development, a process that leads to the formation of oomycete sporangium, a single-celled or many-celled structure that germinates directly to form an infection hypha or differentiate, through specialized cleavage vesicles, into between 10 and 30 zoospores, which is laterally flagellated.


light-activated monoatomic ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a monoatomic ion by a channel that opens in response to a light stimulus.


GDP-mannose biosynthetic process from fructose-6-phosphate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GDP-mannose from fructose-6-phosphate.


vesicle targeting to fusome

The recruitment of vesicles to the fusome. The vesicles become the fusome tubule network and are necessary for the assembly of the fusome.


regulation of trypanothione biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trypanothione biosynthetic process.


turning behavior

Fine-tuning the spatial position of an organism in response to variability in their environment. For example, reorientation of an organism in the direction of a food source.


response to N-phenylthiourea

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a N-phenylthiourea stimulus.


phenylboronic acid monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenylboronic acid + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = phenol + B(OH)3.


naphtho-gamma-pyrone catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of naphtho-gamma-pyrone.


dGTP biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dGTP, guanosine triphosphate.


rhombomere formation

The process that gives rise to the rhombomere. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates.


diol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a diol, any alcohol containing two hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms.


regulation of spindle checkpoint

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the spindle checkpoint, a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition until the spindle is correctly assembled and oriented, and chromosomes are attached to the spindle.


CENP-A eviction from euchromatin

A chromatin remodeling process in which CENP-A is removed from euchromatin regions to prevent neocentromere formation.


negative regulation of fumigaclavine C biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fumigaclavine C biosynthetic process.


asparaginyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamine + aspartyl-tRNA(Asn) + ATP = L-glutamate + asparaginyl-tRNA(Asn) + phosphate + ADP.


Catalysis of the reaction: a tRNA precursor + CTP = a tRNA with a 3' CC end + 2 diphosphate.


stele development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stele over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The stele is the central column of primary vascular tissue in the root and any tissue that it surrounds.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribitol 5-phosphate + NAD(P)+ = D-ribulose 5-phosphate + NAD(P)H + H+.


negative regulation of border follicle cell migration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of border follicle cell migration.


cellular response to alkyl hydroperoxide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an alkyl hydroperoxide stimulus. Alkyl hydroperoxides are monosubstitution products of hydrogen peroxide, HOOH, where the substituent is an alkyl group.


N-glycan diversification

The generation, in the Golgi apparatus, of side chain diversity from high mannose Man5GlcNAc2-Asn N-glycans by specific glycosyltransferases and glycosidases.


Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + benzene-1,2,4-triol = maleylacetate.


putrescine biosynthetic process from arginine via N-carbamoylputrescine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane, from other compounds, including arginine, via the intermediate N-carbamoylputrescine; in this pathway, arginine is converted to agmatine, and agmatine is converted to putrescine in two single enzymatic steps.


5'-deoxyadenosine deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5'deoxyadenosine + H2O = 5'deoxyinosine + NH3.


inferior olivary nucleus formation

The process that gives rise to the inferior olivary nucleus. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The inferior olivary nucleus is a capsule-shaped structure in the ventral medulla located just lateral and dorsal to the medullary pyramids. Neurons in the inferior olivary nucleus are the source of climbing fiber input to the cerebellar cortex; these neurons have been implicated in various functions, such as learning and timing of movements.


negative regulation of anterograde synaptic vesicle transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anterograde synaptic vesicle transport.


Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl stimulus.


steryl deacetylase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acetyl group or groups from an acetylated sterol.


ecgonone methyl ester metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ecgonone methyl ester.


regulation of vasoconstriction by neuronal norepinephrine

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reductions in the diameter of blood vessels as a result of norepinephrine released by nerve endings.


regulation of myotome development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myotome development.


lactaldehyde reductase (NADPH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + propane-1,2-diol = (S)-lactaldehyde + H+ + NADPH.


dorsal closure, leading edge cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a leading edge cell, the dorsal-most cells of the epidermis that migrates during dorsal closure.


regulation of gamma-delta T cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell proliferation.


11-hydroxythromboxane B2 dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: thromboxane B2 + NAD+ = 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 + NADH + H+.


disruption by virus of host JAK-STAT cascade via inhibition of STAT1 activity

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a JAK-STAT signal cascade in a host organism by reducing the activity of host STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1).


protein deglycosylation involved in glycoprotein catabolic process

The removal of sugar residues from a glycosylated protein that contributes to the breakdown of a glycoprotein.


negative regulation of trophectodermal cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of trophectodermal cell proliferation.


modulation of receptor activity in another organism

The process in which an organism effects a change in the activity of a receptor in a second organism.


4-chloro-allylglycine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chloro-L-lysine + AH2 + O2 = A + formaldehyde + H2O + L-2-amino-4-chloropent-4-enoate + NH4(+).


retrograde trans-synaptic signaling

Cell-cell signaling from post to pre-synapse, across the synaptic cleft.


ABC-type thiamine transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + thiamine(out) = ADP + H+ + phosphate + thiamine(in).


regulation of glutamatergic neuron differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic neuron differentiation.


negative regulation of interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of an interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway.


rhodopsin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving rhodopsin, a brilliant purplish-red, light-sensitive visual pigment found in the rod cells of the retinas.


linoleate 11-lipoxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: linoleate + O2 = (9Z,11S,12Z)-11-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,12-dienoate.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + sinapoyl aldehyde = H+ + sinapaldehyde glucoside + UDP.


regulation of seed dormancy process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of seed dormancy process.


NADH-dependent peroxiredoxin activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a hydroperoxide + H+ + NADH = an alcohol + H2O + NAD+.


positive regulation of cell wall organization or biogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall organization or biogenesis.


Malpighian tubule morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the Malpighian tubule are generated and organized. This process takes place entirely during the embryonic phase. A Malpighian tubule is a fine, thin-walled excretory tubule in insects which leads into the posterior part of the gut.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + dihydroflavodoxin + [formate C-acetyltransferase]-glycine = 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + flavodoxin semiquinone + [formate C-acetyltransferase]-glycin-2-yl radical.


fatty acid derivative metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acid derivative.


CCA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CCA codon.


suppression by virus of host viral-induced cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of MAVS activity

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces a viral-induced cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway in a host organism by reducing the activity of host MAVS (mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein). MAVS is a signal transducer that lies downstream of the viral RNA receptors MDA-5 and RIG-I to coordinate host innate immune responses.


isoprene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoprene, C5H8.


disruption of cellular anatomical structure in another organism

The disruption of a cellular component of another organism, leading to damage or temporary subversion of that structure. In some cases this can cause malfunctioning of the cells and death of the target organism.


mRNA trans splicing, SL addition

The joining together of two independently transcribed RNAs, where the one that provides the 5' portion of the final mRNA is from a splice leader RNA (SL-RNA). The SL-RNA, or mini-exon donor sequence, is added to the 5'-end of the acceptor RNA molecule which provides the mRNA body.


positive regulation of cardiac chamber morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac chamber morphogenesis.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene + O2 = 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate. C6 of the substrate molecular may have an NH2 group attached.


resorcinol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving resorcinol (C6H4(OH)2), a benzene derivative with many applications, including dyes, explosives, resins and as an antiseptic.


equatorial microtubule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins at the midpoint of a cell.


hypoglycin A gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glutathionate + hypoglycin A = L-cysteinylglycine + hypoglycin B.


Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin A1 = prostaglandin C1.


valine-pyruvate transaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-valine + pyruvate = 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups, quinone or similar compound as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a quinone or similar acceptor molecule.


regulation of response to gamma radiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to gamma radiation.


positive regulation of cerebellar neuron development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cerebellar neuron development.


(1->3)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds.


shoot axis formation

The process that gives rise to a shoot axis. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


regulation of axial mesodermal cell fate determination

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axial mesoderm cell fate determination.


karyogamy involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

During sexual reproduction, the creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei as a result of fusing the lipid bilayers that surround each nuclei. This occurs after cytogamy.


alpha-humulene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = alpha-humulene + diphosphate.


regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) into a neuron or glial cell.


indole-3-carbonyl nitrile 4-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-carbonyl nitrile + NADPH +O2=4-hydroxyindole-3- carbonyl nitrile + NADP+ + H20.


N-acyl-D-glutamate deacylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-acyl-D-glutamate + H2O = D-glutamate + a carboxylate.


intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, interconverting aldoses and ketoses

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor, which is an aldose or a ketose, are the same molecule, and no oxidized product appears.


capsule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the capsule, a protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria and fungi.


terephthalate 1,2-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + NADH + O2 + terephthalate = (3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate + NAD+.


icosatetraenoic acid binding

Binding to icosatetraenoic acid, any straight-chain fatty acid with twenty carbon atoms and four double bonds per molecule.


peptidyl-histidine adenylylation, to form peptidyl-1'-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-histidine

The adenylylation of peptidyl-histidine to form peptidyl-1'-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-AMP-histidine, tele-AMP-histidine).


activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation

The expansion of an activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell population by cell division.


2-dehydropantolactone reductase (B-specific) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pantolactone + NADP+ = 2-dehydropantolactone + NADPH + H+. The reaction is B-specific (i.e. the pro-S hydrogen is transferred from the 4-position of reduced nicotinamide cofactor) with respect to NADP+.


protein phosphate-linked glycosylation via serine

The glycosylation of peptidyl-serine through a phosphoester bond forming, for example, GlcNAc-alpha-1-P-Ser residues.


embryonic crystal cell differentiation

The process in which an embryonic mesoderm-derived hemocyte precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a crystal cell. Crystal cells are a class of cells that contain crystalline inclusions and are involved in the melanization of pathogenic material in the hemolymph.


monoterpene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving monoterpenes, terpenes with a C10 structure.


xyloglucan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving xyloglucan, the cross-linking glycan composed of (1->4)-beta-D-glucan backbone substituted at regular intervals with beta-D-xylosyl-(1->6) residues, which is present in the primary cell wall of most higher plants.


negative regulation of leukotriene production involved in inflammatory response

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the synthesis or release of any leukotriene following a stimulus as part of an inflammatory response.


nematode male tail mating organ morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the nematode male tail mating organ are generated and organized. The male tail is a sensory organ required for mating and, in C. elegans, consists of ray sensilla, an acellular cuticular fan, a sensory hook, and protracting, copulatory spicules.


phenylacetate hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenylacetate + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + 2-hydroxyphenylacetate.


regulation of reproductive fruiting body development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reproductive fruiting body development.


prenylcysteine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prenylcysteine, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl-cysteine, a derivative of the amino acid cysteine formed by the covalent addition of a prenyl residue.


regulation of lens epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lens epithelial cell proliferation.


regulation of chitin metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin.


cytokinin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cytokinins, a class of adenine-derived compounds that can function in plants as growth regulators.


negative regulation of stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade.


solitary nucleus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the solitary nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


negative regulation of anterograde axonal transport of mitochondrion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in axons away from the cell body and towards the presynapse.


[methyl-Co(III) methanol-specific corrinoid protein]:coenzyme M methyltransferase

Catalysis of the reaction: a [methyl-Co(III) methanol-specific corrinoid protein] + coenzyme M = methyl-coenzyme M + a [Co(I) methanol-specific corrinoid protein] + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADH + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: cis-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienal + NAD+ + H2O = NADH + H+ + cis-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienoic acid.


peptide cross-linking via L-histidyl-L-tyrosine

The modification of peptidyl-histidine and peptidyl-tyrosine to form a protein cross-link.


pigment metabolic process involved in pigment accumulation

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pigment, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, as part of the accumulation of pigment.


disruption by virus of host envelope lipopolysaccharide during virus entry

The breakdown of lipopolysaccharides in a host cell envelope during virus entry into a host cell. For example a phage entering a gram-negative bacterium may actively break down outer membrane lipopolysaccharides.


gamma-delta T cell lineage commitment

The process in which a pro-T cell becomes committed to becoming a gamma-delta T cell.


negative regulation of osmosensory signaling MAPK cascade

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osmosensory signaling MAPK cascade.


negative regulation of germ tube formation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of germ tube formation on or near host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


negative regulation of host-seeking behavior

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of any behavior associated with finding a host organism.


gallate dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gallate + O2 = (1E)-4-oxobut-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate.


granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor activity

Combining with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


mannan 1,4-mannobiosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-mannosidic linkages in (1->4)-beta-D-mannans, to remove successive mannobiose residues from the non-reducing chain ends.


metanephric prebend segment development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric prebend segment over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric prebend segment is a part of the metanephric descending thin limb that lies before the bend and exhibits permeabilities characteristic of the ascending limb, especially negligible water permeability.


molting cycle, chitin-based cuticle

The periodic shedding of part or all of a chitin-based cuticle, which is then replaced by a new cuticle. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


GDP-mannose transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a GDP-mannose from one side of a membrane to the other. GDP-mannose is a substance composed of mannose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.


detection of increased carbon dioxide by chemoreceptor signaling

The process in which information about the levels of carbon dioxide are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies and the aortic bodies.


regulation of secondary metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secondary metabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds that are not necessarily required for growth and maintenance of cells, and are often unique to a taxon.


positive regulation of cardiac muscle adaptation

Any process that increases the rate, extent or frequency of the process in which cardiac muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors.


disruption by virus of host JAK-STAT cascade via inhibition of STAT2 activity

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a JAK-STAT signal cascade in a host organism by reducing the activity of host STAT2 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 2).


regulation of endothelial cell development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell development.


cordyol C biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cordyol C.


carbon monoxide sensor activity

Binding to and responding, e.g. by conformational change, to changes in the cellular level of carbon monoxide (CO).


response to 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide stimulus.


chlorophyllide a oxygenase [overall] activity

Catalysis of the reactions: chlorophyllide a + O2 + NADPH + H+ = 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + H2O + NADP+; and 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + O2 + NADPH + H+ = chlorophyllide b + 2 H2O + NADP+.


protein-heparan sulfate linkage via heparan sulfate D-glucuronyl-D-galactosyl-D-galactosyl-D-xylosyl-L-serine

Heparan sulfate components are covalently linked to a core glycoprotein via O-glycosidic linkages between xylose and serine residues.


type II interferon production

The appearance of interferon-gamma due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon.


double layer follicle stage

The stage in oogenesis when a double layer of distinct follicle cells surrounds the oocyte. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.


gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway, G-alpha-independent

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of gibberellic acid and not dependent on the coupling of the alpha subunit of G proteins to the hormone receptors.


mannosylglycerate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannosylglycerate, a very common compatible solute in thermophilic and hyperthermophilic organisms.


nicotinic acid riboside kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nicotinic acid riboside = ADP + nicotinic acid mononucleotide.


nicotinic acid riboside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinic acid riboside, the product of the formation of a glycosidic bond between ribose and nicotinic acid.


positive regulation of penetration hypha formation

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont penetration hypha formation for entry into host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


L-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-lactate + 2 [Fe(III)cytochrome c] = 2 [Fe(II)cytochrome c] + 2 H+ + pyruvate.


endonucleolytic cleavage between LSU-rRNA and 5S rRNA of tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 5S)

Endonucleolytic cleavage to separate a pre-LSU-rRNA from a pre-5S rRNA originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA, and the 5S rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Note that the use of the word tricistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript.


abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated by the binding of the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) to a receptor, and ending with modulation of a cellular process, e.g. transcription.


meiotic interphase

The cell cycle phase which begins after cytokinesis and ends when meiotic prophase begins. Meiotic cells have an interphase after each meiotic division, but only interphase I involves replication of the cell's DNA.


regulation of photoperiodism, flowering

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of photoperiodism, flowering.


high-affinity ferrous iron transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of ferrous iron (Fe(II) or Fe2+) ions from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


cyanophycin synthetase activity (L-aspartate-adding)

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + [L-Asp(4-L-Arg)]n + L-Asp = ADP + phosphate + [L-Asp(4-L-Arg)]n-L-Asp.


maintenance of kidney identity

The process in which the identity of a kidney is maintained. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


septin collar organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising the septin collar.


regulation of cell proliferation in midbrain

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in midbrain.


cell budding

A form of asexual reproduction, occurring in certain bacteria and fungi (e.g. yeasts) and some primitive animals in which an individual arises from a daughter cell formed by pinching off a part of the parent cell. The budlike outgrowths so formed may sometimes remain attached to the parent cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: hexose 1-phosphate + nucleoside triphosphate = NDP-hexose + diphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 6-(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)-7,8-dioxo-1,2,3,4,7,8-hexahydroquinoline-2,4-dicarboxylate + 3 O2 = 2 H2O + 2 H2O2 + H+ + pyrroloquinoline quinone.


phthalate 4,5-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + NADH + O2 + phthalate = cis-4,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,6-diene-1,2-dicarboxylate + NAD+.


viral DNA cleavage involved in viral genome maturation

The cleavage of viral DNA into singular functional units.


centromere localization

A cellular localization process in which a centromere/kinetochore is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


negative regulation of transcytosis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcytosis.


response to photooxidative stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as the result of a photooxidative stress, the light-dependent generation of active oxygen species. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism.


regulation of epinephrine uptake

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the neurotransmitter epinephrine into a cell.


high-affinity phosphate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


somatic processes downstream of sex determination signal

The events determining the somatic sexual phenotype after the initial transmission of that phenotype to soma-specific information pathways.


protein-RNA complex remodeling

The acquisition, loss, or modification of macromolecules within a protein-RNA complex, resulting in the alteration of an existing complex.


monensin A biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monensin A.


viral budding from outer nuclear membrane

The envelopment of a virus, in which the naked capsid evaginates from the host outer nuclear membrane system, thus acquiring a membrane envelope.


aminolevulinate transaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-aminolevulinate + pyruvate = 4,5-dioxopentanoate + L-alanine.


hydroxylysine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydroxylysine (5-hydroxy-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), a chiral alpha-amino acid. Hydroxylysine is found in collagen and commonly has galactose and then glucose added sequentially by glycosyltransferases.


alcohol O-octanoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: octanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + an octyl ester.


Catalysis of the reaction: 11-deoxycorticosterone + NADH + H+ <=> 4-pregnen-20,21-diol-3-one + NAD.


Catalysis of the reaction: (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + trimethylsulfonium = (6S)-5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + dimethyl sulfide + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavanone = daidzein + H2O.


regulation of Schwann cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system.


amnioserosa maintenance

Maintenance of the amnioserosa, an epithelium that occupies a hole in the embryonic dorsal epidermis.


oxylipin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any oxylipin, any of a group of biologically active compounds formed by oxidative metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids.


regulation of response to toluene

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to toluene.


phytochelatin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytochelatins, any of a group of peptides that bind metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg) in thiolate coordination complexes. The structure is of the type (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl)n-glycine, where n is 2 to 11.


sinus venosus development

The progression of the sinus venosus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sinus venosus is a heart chamber attached to the atrium on the venous side of the embryonic heart.


inosinate nucleosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + IMP = D-ribose 5-phosphate + hypoxanthine.


histone H3-K27 trimethylation

The modification of histone H3 by addition of three methyl groups to lysine at position 27 of the histone.


pseurotin A biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pseurotin A.


positive regulation of cardiac ventricle formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac ventricle formation.


lead sulfide oxidation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the conversion of lead sulfide to lead sulfate.


nucleus ambiguus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nucleus ambiguus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


germ cell repulsion

The directed movement of a germ cell from their site of production to the gonad, through the repulsion of cells away from a tissue.


negative regulation of mammary stem cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mammary stem cell proliferation.


3-oxo-palmitoyl-ACP hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a 3-oxo-palmitoyl-[acp] = 3-oxopalmitic acid + H+ + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


phloroglucinol reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrophloroglucinol + NADP+ = H+ + NADPH + phloroglucinol.


lipoteichoic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipoteichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor.


striated muscle contraction involved in embryonic body morphogenesis

The process in which force is generated within striated embryonic muscle tissue, resulting in a contraction of the muscle that contributes to the formation of an embryo's characteristic body morphology.


regulation of fat cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fat cell proliferation.


fruit valve development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruit valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruit valve is a part of a fruit that splits apart when the fruit dehisces.


root hair cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a root hair cell.


enniatin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving enniatins, any of various cyclodepsipeptide antibiotics from Fusarium species that function as ionophores.


stem cell fate determination

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a stem cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.


dehydroquinate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-amino-2,3,7-trideoxy-D-lyxo-hept-6-ulosonic acid + H2O + NAD = 3-dehydroquinate + ammonium + NADH + H+.


histone H2B ubiquitination

The modification of histone H2B by addition of ubiquitin groups.


regulation of Schwann cell chemotaxis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell chemotaxis.


Catalysis of the reaction: 8-amino-7-oxononanoate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 7,8-diaminononanoate + S-adenosyl-4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoate.


glutamine binding

Binding to glutamine, 2,5-diamino-5-oxopentanoic acid.


positive regulation of the force of heart contraction by circulating epinephrine

The process in which the secretion of epinephrine into the bloodstream modulates the force of heart muscle contraction.


vegetative phase change

Any process involved in the transition of a plant from a juvenile phase of vegetative development to an adult phase of vegetative development.


2-hydroxypropyl-CoM lyase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: (R)-2-hydroxypropyl-CoM = H-S-CoM + (R)-1,2-epoxypropane, and (S)-2-hydroxypropyl-CoM = H-S-CoM + (S)-1,2-epoxypropane.


regulation of synaptic plasticity by receptor localization to synapse

Any process that modulates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require, via receptor localization to the synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell. Processes may include receptor transport to, and/or maintenance at, the synapse.


poly-N-methyl-propylamination

The modification of peptidyl-lysine by the addition of an N6-propylamino and of propylmethylamino units, forming N6-(propylamino-poly(propylmethylamino)-propyldimethylamine)-L-lysine, typical of the silicate binding protein silaffin.


bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility

Cell motility due to the motion of one or more bacterial-type flagella. A bacterial-type flagellum is a motor complex composed of an extracellular helical protein filament coupled to a rotary motor embedded in the cell envelope.


mast cell cytokine production

Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a mast cell.


glyoxal oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxal + O2 + H2O = glyoxalate + H2O2.


tube closure

Creation of the central hole of a tube in an anatomical structure by sealing the edges of an epithelial fold.


positive regulation of skeletal muscle satellite cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of satellite cell differentiation.


methyl jasmonate methylesterase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a jasmonate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a methyljasmonate.


glucoside 3-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sucrose + acceptor = 3-dehydro-alpha-D-glucosyl-beta-D-fructofuranoside + reduced acceptor.


regulation of establishment or maintenance of cell polarity regulating cell shape

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or maintenance of cell polarity regulating cell shape.


modulation by virus of host cell cycle

Any viral process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.


positive regulation of meiotic chromosome separation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic chromosome separation.


ammonium excretion

The elimination of ammonium ions from an excretory cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + methaneselenol => S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + dimethyl selenide.


(+)-camphor biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (+)-camphor, a bicyclic monoterpene ketone.


endospore formation

The process in which a cell gives rise to an endospore, a dormant, highly resistant spore with a thick wall that forms within the mother cell. Endospores are produced by some low G+C Gram-positive bacteria in response to harsh conditions.


ornaline synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-ornithinium(1+) + 2-oxoglutarate + NADPH + H+ <=> ornaline + NADP + H2O.


venous endothelial cell fate commitment

The commitment of a cell to a venous endothelial cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into an venous endothelial cell.


negative regulation of cardiac muscle adaptation

Any process that decreases the rate, extent or frequency of the process in which cardiac muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors.


P-type sodium transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + Na+(out); by a phosphorylative mechanism.


Catalysis of the reaction: Renilla luciferin + O2 = oxidized Renilla luciferin + CO2 + light.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-6-oxoocta-2,4-dienoate + H2O = H+ + propanoate + cis-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,4-trimethyl-3-oxopentanoyl-CoA + OH- = 2,4,4-trimethyl-3-oxopentanoate + CoASH.


glucuronate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronate, any salt or ester of glucuronic acid.


glycolate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of glycolate from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycolate is the smallest alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA).


response to symbiont defenses

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the defenses of a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


cystathionine gamma-synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O-succinyl-L-homoserine + L-cysteine = cystathionine + succinate.


Z-farnesyl diphosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = 2-cis,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate.


host-mediated regulation of oral microbiota composition

The biological process involved in maintaining the steady-state number of cells within a population of free-living cells, such as the bacteria, in the mouth.


Catalysis of the reaction: erythro-3-hydroxy-L-aspartate = NH3 + oxaloacetic acid.


regulation of chondrocyte differentiation involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte that will contribute to the development of a bone. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage.


negative regulation of retinal cone cell fate commitment

Any process that increases the process in which a cell becomes committed to a retinal cone cell fate. Retinal cone cell fate commitment is the process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a retinal cone cell.


pyridine nucleoside metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any pyridine nucleoside, a nucleoside in which a pyridine base covalently bonded to a sugar, usually ribose.


maintenance of CRISPR repeat elements

Any process involved in sustaining CRISPR repeat clusters, including capture of new spacer elements, expansion or contraction of clusters, propagation of the leader sequence and repeat clusters within a genome, transfer of repeat clusters and CRISPR-associated (cas) genes to new genomes, transcription of the CRISPR repeat arrays into RNA and processing, and interaction of CRISPR/cas loci with the host genome. CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) elements are a family of sequence elements containing multiple direct repeats of 24-48 bp with weak dyad symmetry which are separated by regularly sized nonrepetitive spacer sequences.


spiracle morphogenesis, open tracheal system

The process in which the anatomical structures of a spiracle are generated and organized. Spiracles are the openings in the insect open tracheal system; externally they connect to the epidermis and internally they connect to the tracheal trunk.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on hydrogen as donor, with a quinone or similar compound as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor and reduces quinone or similar compound.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,8-diazacyclotetradecane-2,9-dione + H2O = N-(6-aminohexanoyl)-6-aminohexanoate.


alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (GDP-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-D-glucose + glucose-6-phosphate = alpha,alpha-trehalose 6-phosphate + GDP.


response to beta-carotene

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a beta-carotene stimulus.


neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping

The process by which diffusing neurotransmitter receptor becomes trapped in region of the plasma membrane.


positive regulation of secondary growth

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of secondary growth.


xylan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylan, a polymer containing a beta-1,4-linked D-xylose backbone.


corticosterone binding

Binding to corticosterone.


positive regulation of atrichoblast fate specification

Any process that induces or promotes atrichoblast fate specification.


pheromone-dependent signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

A signal transduction process resulting in the relay, amplification or dampening of a signal generated in response to pheromone exposure in organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte apoptotic process.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, oxygen as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen.


maltose binding

Binding to maltose.


ice binding

Binding to ice, water reduced to the solid state by cold temperature. It is a white or transparent colorless substance, crystalline, brittle, and viscoidal.


anaerobic 2-aminobenzoate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminobenzoate, a derivative of benzoic acid with an NH2 group attached to C2, that occurs in the absence of oxygen.


main body follicle cell migration

The ovarian follicle cell migration process in which follicle cells migrate posteriorly to form a columnar epithelium over the oocyte.


embryonic pectoral fin morphogenesis

The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the pectoral fin are generated and organized. Pectoral fins are bilaterally paired fins mounted laterally and located behind the gill covers of fish. These fins are used for lateral mobility and propulsion.


septal cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of septal cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


N-ethylmaleimide reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-ethylmaleimide + NADPH + 2 H+ = N-ethylsuccinimide + NADP+.


substrate-independent telencephalic tangential migration

The process where neuronal precursors migrate tangentially in the telencephalon, primarily guided by interactions that do not require cell-cell contact.


regulation of fibronectin-dependent thymocyte migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibronectin-dependent thymocyte migration.


phthalate 3,4-cis-dihydrodiol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phthalate 3,4-cis-dihydrodiol + NAD+ = 3,4-dihydroxyphthalate + NADH + H+.


flocculation

The reversible, non-sexual aggregation of single-celled organisms in suspension to form aggregates of many cells known as flocs.


Catalysis of the reaction: cis-3-(3-carboxyethyl)-3,5-cyclohexadiene-1,2-diol + NAD+ = NADH + H+ + 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propionate.


ferric-vibriobactin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of ferric-vibriobactin ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


regulation of C-C chemokine receptor CCR7 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of C-C chemokine receptor CCR7 signaling pathway.


regulation of cerebellar neuron development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cerebellar neuron development.


beta-carotene oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: beta-carotene + 2 O2 = 2 beta-ionone + 4,9-dimethyldodeca-2,4,6,8,10-pentaenedial.


far-red light signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated upon sensing of far red light by a photoreceptor molecule. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs.


(-)-endo-fenchol synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate + H2O = (-)-endo-fenchol + diphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-chloro-1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene = Cl- + H+ + 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone.


primary oocyte stage

The stage in oogenesis when the oocyte has a nucleus slightly larger than those of the adjacent cells and is surrounded by a layer of loose squamous epithelial cells.


maintenance of protein location in membrane

Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location in a membrane, and is prevented from moving elsewhere.


glycerate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of glycerate from one side of a membrane to the other.


positive regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity

A process that increases short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change in the short-term as circumstances require. Short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increasing or decreasing synaptic sensitivity.


SCF complex disassembly in response to cadmium stress

The disaggregation of the SCF ubiquitin ligase complex in response to cadmium stress.


formyl-CoA hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: formyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + formate + H+.


penicillinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a penicillin + H2O = a substituted beta-amino acid derivative of the penicillin.


regulation of eye photoreceptor cell development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of eye photoreceptor development.


Catalysis of the reaction: succinate + propionyl-CoA = succinyl-CoA + propionate.


cortisol binding

Binding to cortisol.


The process of coupling isoleucine to isoleucyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


peptide cross-linking via 4-amino-3-isothiazolidinone

The formation of 4-amino-3-isothiazolinone cross-links by the formation of a sulfenylamide bond between cysteine or cysteine sulfenic acid, and the alpha-amido of the following residue.


positive regulation of response to DNA damage checkpoint signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to DNA damage checkpoint signaling.


conversion of aspartyl-tRNA to asparaginyl-tRNA

The modification process that results in the conversion of aspartate charged on a tRNA(Asn) to asparaginyl-tRNA.


Catalysis of the reaction: flavonol 3-O-glycoside + UDP-D-xylose = flavonol 3-O-D-xylosylglycoside + UDP.


positive regulation of sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sporulation.


response to mitotic spindle checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic cell cycle spindle checkpoint signaling.


aerobic respiration, using arsenite as electron donor

The oxidation of arsenite to arsenate, using oxygen (O2) as the electron acceptor. Arsenite oxidase provides electrons to an electron carrier which transfers them to oxygen utilizing respiratory systems.


The acetylation of the N-terminal arginine of proteins; catalyzed by an uncharacterized arginyl-peptide alpha-N-acetyltransferase.


transcription by RNA polymerase IV

The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase IV, originating at a Pol IV-specific promoter.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactose 6-phosphate = D-tagatose 6-phosphate.


regulation of single-species biofilm formation on inanimate substrate

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of single-species biofilm formation on inanimate substrate.


pyridoxine 4-oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxine + O2 = pyridoxal + H2O2.


NADPH pyrophosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADPH + H2O = NMNH + ADP.


oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis of the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


interleukin-13 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-13 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


phosphoenolpyruvate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a phosphoenolpyruvate from one side of a membrane to the other.


cap-independent translational initiation of linear mRNA

The process where translation initiation recruits the 40S ribosomal subunits in a cap and 5' end independent fashion before an AUG codon is encountered in an appropriate sequence context to initiate linear mRNA translation.


borate efflux transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of borate from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.


paspalinine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: paspalicine + O2 + NADPH + H+ <=> paspalinine + NADP + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: nuatigenin + UDP-D-glucose = H+ + nuatigenin 3-beta-D-glucopyranoside + UDP.


intracellular monoatomic anion homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of monoatomic anions within a cell. Monatomic anions (also called simple anions) are anions consisting of exactly one atom.


adipate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: adipate + CoASH = adipyl-CoA + OH-.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,5-bisdiphospho-1D-myo-inositol 2,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate + H2O = 5-diphospho-1D-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate + H+.


hydroquinone binding

Binding to hydroquinone.


galactonate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactonate = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate + H2O.


stamen filament development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the filament over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Filament is the stalk of a stamen.


cysteine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cysteine, 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + H+ = 2-methylbutanal + CO2.


maintenance of protein location in mast cell secretory granule

A process in which a protein is maintained in a secretory granule in a mast cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


copper incorporation via L-cysteinyl copper sulfido molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide

The incorporation of copper into a protein by L-cysteinyl copper sulfido molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide.


mannosyl diphosphorylinositol ceramide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannosyl diphosphorylinositol ceramide, any lipid with a phosphodiester bridge between an inositol residue and the ceramide group which contains two phosphoryl (-P(O)=) groups and a mannose derivative.


C-C chemokine receptor CCR2 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a the C-C chemokine type 2 receptor (CCR2) on the surface of a cell binding to one of it's physiological ligands, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


nitrotoluene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nitrotoluene, any methylbenzene molecule with NO2 group(s) attached.


cellular response to indolebutyric acid stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an indolebutyric acid stimulus.


regulation of cell communication by chemical coupling

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via chemical coupling. Cell communication by chemical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by the transfer of small, water-soluble molecules or metabolites between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


photosynthesis, light reaction

The light reactions of photosynthesis, which take place in photosystems II and I. Light energy is harvested and used to power the transfer of electrons among a series of electron donors and acceptors. The final electron acceptor is NADP+, which is reduced to NADPH. NADPH generated from light reactions is used in sugar synthesis in dark reactions. Light reactions also generate a proton motive force across the thylakoid membrane, and the proton gradient is used to synthesize ATP. There are two chemical reactions involved in the light reactions: water oxidation in photosystem II, and NADP reduction in photosystem I.


regulation of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway involved in ureteric bud formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway involved in ureteric bud formation.


phenylalanine 2-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-phenylalanine + O2 = 2-phenylacetamide + CO2 + H2O.


negative regulation of basophil differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of basophil differentiation.


regulation of cyclodextrin catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cyclodextrin catabolic process.


7,8-dihydroxy benzo(a)pyrene dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzo(a)pyrene-cis-7,8-dihydrodiol + O2 = cis-4-(7-hydroxypyren-8-yl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-deoxy-D-ribosyl-base1 + base2 = 2-deoxy-D-ribosyl-base2 + base1.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-carboxy-2-hydroxy-8-carboxychromene = 2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzalpyruvate.


regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity in response to neurotrophin

The process in which a neurotrophic factor induces neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers.


negative regulation of forward locomotion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of forward locomotion.


calcium ion binding involved in regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration

The directed change of cytosolic calcium ion concentration in the cytosol via the reversible binding of calcium ions to calcium-binding proteins in the cytosol thereby modulating the spatial and temporal dynamics of changes in cytosolic calcium concentrations.


starch granule initiation

The sequence of events that initiates (or primes) the synthesis of semi-crystalline starch granules within photosynthetic chloroplasts or non-photosynthetic amyloplasts.


pentose catabolic process to butan-1-ol

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentose to butan-1-ol.


UDP-L-arabinose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-L-arabinose, uridinediphosphoarabinose, a substance composed of arabinose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


peptidyl-aspartic acid carboxylation

The carboxylation of peptidyl-aspartic acid to form peptidyl-L-beta-carboxyaspartic acid.


response to catecholamine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a catecholamine stimulus. A catecholamine is any of a group of biogenic amines that includes 4-(2-aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution.


cellular response to maltose stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a maltose stimulus.


(R)-mevalonic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (R)-mevalonic acid.


delta6-acyl-lipid desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a gamma-linolenoyl-[glycerolipid] + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ <=> a (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dien-6-ynoyl-[glycerolipid] + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O.


establishment of RNA localization

The directed movement of RNA to a specific location.


response to monoamine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monoamine stimulus. A monoamine is any of a group of molecular messengers that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-). Monoamines are derived from the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine and tryptophan.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin.


L-phenylalanine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-phenylalanine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid.


negative regulation of fat cell apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fat cell apoptotic process.


dihydride TNP tautomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: TNP dihydride Meisenheimer complex (aci form) = TNP dihydride Meisenheimer complex (nitro form).


methylglyoxal catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, the aldehyde of pyruvic acid.


ABC-type bacteriocin transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a bacteriocin from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate.


retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by soluble gas

Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by an soluble gas ligand.


modulation of nutrient release by symbiont

Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release of nutrients from a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


tetrahymanol cyclase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: squalene = tetrahymanol.


structural constituent of vitelline membrane

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the vitelline membrane of an egg. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving a tetrahydromethanopterin.


negative regulation of response to drug

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to drug.


ureidosuccinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate + H2O + 2 H+ = L-aspartate + CO2 + NH4.


Catalysis of the reaction: caffeoylshikimate + coenzyme A <=> caffeoyl-CoA + shikimate.


inflorescence phyllotactic patterning

The radial pattern formation process that results in the formation of flowers around a central axis in an inflorescence meristem.


high-affinity thiamine:proton symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: thiamine(out) + H+(out) = thiamine(in) + H+(in). In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


xanthosine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of xanthosine, xanthine riboside, from one side of a membrane to the other.


protease localization to T cell secretory granule

Any process in which a protease is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule in a T cell.


depsipeptide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving depsipeptides, a linear or cyclic compound composed of both amino acids and hydroxy acids in peptide and ester bonds respectively.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sucrose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + sucrose(out) = protein histidine + sucrose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


limb basal epidermal cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an limb basal epidermal cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


cell-cell signaling involved in mesonephros development

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the progression of the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature organ.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol = D-myo-inositol 1,2-cyclic phosphate + diacylglycerol.


hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride.


negative regulation of peptide antigen transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of peptide antigen transport.


L-arabinokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arabinose + ATP = beta-L-arabinose 1-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


response to ketone

A response that results in a state of tolerance to ketone.


myoblast fate commitment involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

The process in which the developmental fate of a satellite cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a myoblast. This occurs as part of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


cellular response to nitrate

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrate stimulus.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoA(4-).


nitrite transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of nitrite (NO2-) ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


trans-zeatin-O-glucoside UDP glycosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + O-beta-D-glucosyl-trans-zeatin = H+ + trans-zeatin-O-glucoside-7-N-glucoside + UDP.


ether metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic ethers, any anhydride of the general formula R1-O-R2, formed between two identical or nonidentical organic hydroxy compounds.


4,9-DSHA hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (3E,1Z)-4,5-9,10-diseco-3-hydroxy-5,9,17-trioxoandrosta-1(10),2-diene-4-oate + H2O = (2E,4E)-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienoate + 9,17-dioxo-1,2,3,4,10,19-hexanorandrostan-5-oate + H+.


regulation of compound eye pigmentation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in the compound eye.


quercetin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of quercetin.


negative regulation of ephrin receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ephrin receptor signaling pathway.


metanephric glomerular epithelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a metanephric glomerular epithelial cell. Metanephric glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the metanephric glomerulus; there are two types, metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells and metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cells.


fungal-type cell wall organization or biogenesis

A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a fungal-type cell wall.


ciliary transition fiber assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a ciliary transition fiber.


nucleoside oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: inosine + O2 = 9-riburonosylhypoxanthine + 2 H2O; (1a) 2 inosine + O2 = 2 5'-dehydroinosine + 2 H2O, and (1b) 2 5'-dehydroinosine + O2 = 2 9-riburonosylhypoxanthine + 2 H2O.


long descending thin limb bend development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the long descending thin limb bend over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The long descending thin limb bend is a part of the descending thin limb of a long nephron that lies beyond the prebend segment.


The removal of the ubiquitin group from a monoubiquitinated histone protein.


metanephric glomerulus vasculature morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephric glomerulus vasculature are generated and organized. The metanephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the metanephric glomerulus.


specification of plant organ position

The regionalization process in which information that determines the correct position at which plant organ primordia are formed is generated and perceived resulting in correct positioning of the new plant organ.


piperitol synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + (+)-pinoresinol + NADPH + O2 <=> (+)-piperitol + NADP + 2 H2O.


2,4-dichlorobenzoate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4-dichlorobenzoate, a chlorinated aromatic compound which is a key intermediate in the aerobic degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).


mycolate cell wall layer assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components, including arabinogalactan mycolate and trehalose dimycolate, to form the mycolate layer of the Actinobacterium-type cell wall. The mycolate layer is physically attached to the peptidoglycan layer.


haustorium neck formation

The assembly by the symbiont of a neck-like structure for the purpose of penetration into its host organism. The neck-like structure connects haustorium mother cell and haustorium. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to olanzapine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an olanzapine stimulus.


negative regulation of lipid localization

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lipid localization.


regulation of pro-T cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pro-T cell differentiation.


high-affinity basic amino acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of basic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Acidic amino acids have a pH above 7. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


sarcosine reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl phosphate + methylamine + thioredoxin disulfide = N-methylglycine + phosphate + thioredoxin.


cord factor receptor activity

Combining with a cord factor, an M. tuberculosis cell wall glycolipid, and transmitting a signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by carotid body chemoreceptor signaling

The process that modulates blood pressure by the action of chemoreceptors found in the carotid bodies and their resultant modulation of the vasomotor center. Chemoreceptors respond to oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions.


nickel incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl L-cysteine persulfido L-glutamato L-histidino L-serinyl nickel triiron disulfide trioxide

The incorporation of nickel into a 3Fe-2S complex by tris-L-cysteinyl L-cysteine persulfido L-glutamato L-histidino L-serinyl nickel triiron disulfide trioxide.


ectodermal placode formation

The developmental process in which an ectodermal placode forms. An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm.


PLC activating G protein-coupled glutamate receptor activity

A G protein-coupled receptor that binds glutamate and is linked to the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate/calcium signaling system.


phytosteroid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytosteroids, steroids of higher plants that differ from animal steroids in having substitutions at C24 and/or a double bond at C22. Phytosteroids are so named because they occur in higher plants; some, notably ergosterol, are also found in fungi.


mitotic anaphase

The cell cycle phase during which chromosomes separate and migrate towards the poles of the spindle the as part of a mitotic cell cycle.


tri-(coumaroyl or caffeoyl) spermidine meta-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the meta-hydroxylation of any of the three phenolic rings on tricoumaroyl spermidine or any of its mono- or dicaffeoyl spermidine derivatives.


cellular response to tetracycline

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tetracycline stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-ribulose 5-phosphate = D-xylulose 5-phosphate.


negative regulation of killing of cells of another organism

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the killing by an organism of cells in another organism.


vanillate amino acid synthetase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: vanillate + ATP + amino acid = vanillate amino acid conjugate + AMP + diphosphate.


galacturonate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid, the uronic acid formally derived from galactose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group.


D-arginine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-arginine, the D-enantiomer of the amino acid arginine, i.e. (2R)-2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid.


acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (acetylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetaldehyde + CoA + NAD+ = acetyl-CoA + NADH + H+.


acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from ethanol

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from ethanol via acetaldehyde.


P-TEFb-cap methyltransferase complex localization

Any process in which the P-TEFb-cap methyltransferase complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


cellular response to mercaptoethanol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mercaptoethanol stimulus.


positive regulation of cellobiose metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellobiose metabolic process.


vesicle fusion with endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) membrane

The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane of the ERGIC. This can involve anterograde or retrograde transport vesicles.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: fucose(out) + H+(out) = fucose(in) + H+(in).


dimethyl sulfoxide reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dimethyl sulfoxide + H+ = dimethyl sulfide + H2O.


sesquiterpene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trans,trans-farnesyl diphosphate = a sesquiterpene + diphosphate. Sesquiterpenes are terpenes containing three isoprene units, i.e. 15 carbons.


plant parenchymal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a parenchymal cell. Parenchymal cells are the most abundant and versatile cells in plants. They have very few distinguishing characteristics and botanists classify them as any cell type that cannot be assigned to any other structural or functional class. They can redifferentiate and dedifferentiate and are involved in storage, basic metabolism and other processes. The cells are polyhedral, typically with thin, non-lignified cellulose cell walls and nucleate living protoplasm. They vary in size, form, and wall structure.


regulation of endodermal cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endodermal cell differentiation.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3',4',5-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone + S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 3',5-dihydroxy-3,4',7-trimethoxyflavone + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: Mur2Ac(oyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)-diphosphoundecaprenol + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = GlcNAc-(1,4)-Mur2Ac(oyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)-diphosphoundecaprenol + UDP.


negative regulation of chemotaxis to arachidonic acid

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chemotaxis to arachidonic acid.


3-cyano-L-alanine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-cyano-L-alanine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,-6-trans-farnesol + CTP = 2-trans,-6-trans-farnesyl monophosphate + CDP + H+.


positive regulation of sporangium germination

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sporangium germination.


neurotransmitter biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell.


IAA-Phe conjugate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetyl-phenylalanine + H2O = indole-3-acetate + phenylalanine.


positive regulation of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to biotic stimulus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to biotic stimulus.


sulfur compound binding

Binding to a sulfur compound.


positive regulation of glucocorticoid secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid secretion.


pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside salvage

Any process that generates a pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


berbamunine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of berbamunine, an isoquinoline alkaloid.


alcohol O-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + an acetyl ester.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + dTDP-3-amino-4-dehydro-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucose <=> 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + dTDP-3-N,N-dimethylamino-4-oxo-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucose + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde + H2O = NADH + 4-hydroxyphenylacetate.


striated muscle cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of striated muscle cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Striated muscles contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle.


rhombomere 7 morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 7 is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order.


seed abscission

The controlled shedding of a seed.


epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of an epithelial cell that characterize the cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


behavioral defense response to nematode

A behavioral response seeking to protect an organism from an a perceived external threat from a nematode or nematodes to that organism.


10-deacetylbaccatin III 10-O-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 10-deacetylbaccatin III + acetyl-CoA = baccatin III + CoA.


metanephric mesangial cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesangial cells of the metanephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine(645) in 25S rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N(1)-methyladenine(645) in 25S rRNA.


aspartic acid methylthiotransferase activity

Catalysis of the methylthiolation (-SCH3 addition) of the beta-carbon of peptidyl-aspartic acid to form peptidyl-L-beta-methylthioaspartic acid.


response to irinotecan

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an irinotecan stimulus.


isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway involved in terpenoid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway that contributes to terpenoid biosynthesis. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.


negative regulation of cellobiose metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellobiose metabolic process.


reticuline oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-reticuline + O2 = (S)-scoulerine + H2O2 + H+.


negative regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrate.


negative regulation of blood pressure in another organism

A process by which one organism decreases the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system of another organism.


negative regulation of hyphopodium formation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont hyphopodium formation on or near its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


protein localization to mast cell secretory granule

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule in a mast cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + H2O + NAD+ = N-acetyl-D-glucosaminate + 2 H+ + NADH.


dorsal closure, leading edge cell fate commitment

The commitment of cells to leading edge cell fate during dorsal closure. Leading edge cells are the dorsal-most cells of the migrating epidermis.


Catalysis of the reaction: a halohydrin = an epoxide + a hydrogen halide.


circadian regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by the suprachiasmatic nucleus

The process in which the suprachiasmatic nucleus modulates blood pressure at different values with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.


regulation of interleukin-4-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-4-mediated signaling pathway.


envenomation resulting in modulation of complement activation, classical pathway in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the regulation of complement activation via the classical pathway of the bitten/stung organism.


non-lytic viral release

The exit of a viral particle from a host cell that does not involve cell lysis.


magnetoreception

The series of events required for an organism to receive a stimulus relating to a magnetic field, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Stimuli may be chemical, mechanical or electrical and interpreting these stimuli allows an organism to determine the orientation of a magnetic field. Magnetoreception also involves the perception of light; birds cannot orient without the presence of short wavelength (blue/green) light.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, with a copper protein as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and a copper protein is the acceptor.


regulation of alpha-beta T cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell differentiation.


Catalysis of the reaction: coniferyl alcohol + UDP-D-glucose = coniferin + UDP.


organic hydroxy compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic hydroxy compound.


arylacetonitrilase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H2O + 4-chlorophenylacetonitrile = 4-chlorophenylacetate + NH3.


anal fin development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anal fin over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


urease activity

Catalysis of the reaction: urea + H2O = CO2 + 2 NH3.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-exo-hydroxycamphor + NAD+ = NADH + H+ + 2,5-diketocamphane.


negative regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mechanoreceptor differentiation.


aldoxime metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving aldoximes, compounds derived by the reaction of an aldose with hydroxylamine, thus containing the aldoxime group -HC=NOH.


Golgi medial cisterna-derived vesicle fusion with Golgi cis cisterna membrane

The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a Golgi medial cisterna-derived vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane around the Golgi cis cisterna. Such vesicles include COPI-coated transport vesicles involved in retrograde transport.


phenylalanine dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-phenylalanine + H2O + NAD+ = phenylpyruvate + NH3 + NADH.


pyruvate family amino acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any amino acid that requires pyruvate for its synthesis, e.g. alanine.


positive regulation of L-lysine import across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of L-lysine import into cell.


evasion by virus of host dendritic cell activity

Any process by which a virus avoids the effects mediated by the host organism's dendritic cells.


tRNA guanine ribose methylation

The process whereby a guanosine residue in a tRNA is methylated on the 2'-hydroxyl group of the ribose moiety.


negative regulation of renal water transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of renal water transport.