glutamate catabolic process to propionate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including propionate.


genkwanin 6-hydroxylase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: genkwanin + O2 + NADPH + H+ <=> scutellarein 7-methyl ether + H2O + NADP.


tetrachlorobenzene dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichlorotoluene + NADH + H+ + O2 = 4,6-dichloro-3-methyl-cis-1,2-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene + NAD+.


neuromast deposition

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The process in which a migrating neuromast primordium deposits clusters of undifferentiated cells (proneuromasts) along its migratory path in a developing lateral line.


L-lysine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-lysine, the L-enantiomer of (S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid, i.e. (2S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucuronate + inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC) = UDP + GlcA-IPC.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate + O2 = (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate.


fusogenic activity

The activity of joining two lipid bilayers to form a single membrane.


meristem maintenance

Any process involved in maintaining the identity, size and shape of a meristem.


protein-RNA complex organization

Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a ribonucleoprotein complex.


positive regulation of trehalose catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of trehalose catabolic process.


non-glycolytic fermentation

Fermentation that does not include the anaerobic conversion of glucose to pyruvate via the glycolytic pathway.


atrial cardiac muscle cell-AV node cell adhesion involved in cell communication

The attachment of an atrial cardiomyocyte to an AV node cell via adhesion molecules that results in the cells being juxtaposed so that they can communicate.


pinoresinol reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pinoresinol + NADPH + H+ = lariciresinol + NADP+.


oocyte localization involved in germarium-derived egg chamber formation

Directed movement of the oocyte, following its specification, from its original central position in the cyst to a posterior position relative to the nurse cells of the egg chamber, and its maintenance in this posterior location. This is the first sign of anterior-posterior asymmetry in the developing egg chamber.


protein localization to extracellular region

Any process in which a protein is transported from one specific location in the extracellular region to another, or maintained in a specific extracellular location.


rhombomere 8 formation

The process that gives rise to rhombomere 8. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order.


stress response to cadmium ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis caused by a cadmium ion stimulus.


CoA-dependent peptidyl-lysine N6-myristoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl-[protein] + tetradecanoyl-CoA = CoA + H+ + N(6)-tetradecanoyl-L-lysyl-[protein].


R3/R4 development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the R3 and R4 pair of photoreceptors in the eye over time, from their formation to the mature structures. R3 and R4 are paired photoreceptors that contribute to the outer rhabdomeres. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin-7-olate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + isorhamnetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


plant-type cell wall assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cellulose- and pectin-containing cell wall.


glucose catabolic process to lactate

The anaerobic enzymatic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate, and possibly ethanol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).


2-isopropylmalate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (2S)-2-isopropylmalate + CoA + H+.


fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in neural plate anterior/posterior pattern formation

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands contributing to the anterior/posterior pattern of the neural plate.


negative regulation of neurotransmitter transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


O-hexanoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a hexyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.


negative regulation of podocyte apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular visceral epithelial cell apoptotic process.


Catalysis of the transfer of mannose-1-phosphate to a serine residue in a protein.


histone H3-K9 deacetylation

The modification of histone H3 by the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 9 of the histone.


regulation of pentose catabolic process to ethanol

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pentose catabolic process to ethanol.


response to nonane

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nonane stimulus.


antigen sampling by M cells in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue

The process of antigen samples carried out by M cells in the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue.


tRNA (cytidine 56-2'-O)-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + cytidine56 in tRNA= S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2'-O-methylcytidine56 in tRNA.


prenol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving prenols, isoprenoids of general formula (H-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n-OH, any primary monohydroxy alcohol whose carbon skeleton consists of two or more isoprenoid residues linked head to tail.


establishment of protein localization to chloroplast

The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in a chloroplast.


negative regulation of stress response to copper ion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of stress response to copper ion.


phosphoglucan, water dikinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + [phospho-alpha-glucan] + H2O = AMP + O-phospho-[phospho-alpha-glucan] + phosphate.


fructan catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructan, a polysaccharide consisting of fructose residues.


Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxymonodemethylisoproturon + H2O = formaldehyde + 4'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)phenylurea + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


regulation of maltopentaose transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of maltopentaose transport.


cibarial fish-trap bristle morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a cibarial fish-trap bristle are generated and organized. A cibarial fish-trap bristle is a sensory bristle on the anterior plate of the cibarium.


organomercury metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving organomercury compound, any organic compound containing a mercury atom.


negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


sulphoglycolysis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-sulfoquinovose(1-) resulting in the formation of glycerone phosphate (DHAP) and pyruvate.


cellular response to thiabendazole

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a thiabendazole stimulus.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sorbose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + sorbose(out) = protein histidine + sorbose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


o-orsellinic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving o-orsellinic acid.


negative aerotaxis

The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of environmental oxygen.


neurohypophysis formation

The process that gives rise to neurohypophysis. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The neurohypophysis is the part of the pituitary gland that secretes hormones involved in blood pressure regulation.


thiol sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + a thiol = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + an S-alkyl thiosulfate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxy-p-cumate + O2 = 2-hydroxy-3-carboxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate.


hydrogenase (acceptor) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2 + A = AH2.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: hexose(out) + H+(out) = hexose(in) + H+(in).


synaptic vesicle localization

Any process in which a synaptic vesicle or vesicles are transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location.


(+)-borneol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-borneol + NAD+ = (1R, 4R)-camphor + H+ + NADH.


regulation of cellular component biogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular component biogenesis, a process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cellular component.


negative regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell differentiation.


D-lyxose ketol-isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-lyxose = D-xylulose.


estradiol 6-beta-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + estradiol-17beta + O2 = 6beta-hydroxyestradiol-17beta + A + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane = HCl + unsym-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene. 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane is also known as DDMS; unsym-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDNU.


protein localization involved in auxin polar transport

Any protein localization that is involved in auxin polar transport.


malate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + malate + CoA = ADP + phosphate + malyl-CoA.


negative regulation of thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway.


sulfolipid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sulfolipid, a compound containing a sulfonic acid residue joined by a carbon-sulfur bond to a lipid.


gibberellin A53, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A53 + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate <=> gibberellin A44 diacid + carbon dioxide + succinate.


negative regulation of octopamine or tyramine signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of octopamine or tyramine signaling pathway.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one + UDP-D-glucose = 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one 2-D-glucoside + UDP.


alpha-santalene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-cis,6-cis-farnesyl diphosphate <=> (+)-alpha-santalene + diphosphoric acid.


protein desulfurization

The removal of a sulfur group from a protein amino acid.


regulation of isomerase activity

Any process that modulates the activity of an isomerase. An isomerase catalyzes the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5.


intracellular threonine homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of threonine within a cell.


trans-synaptic signaling by lipid, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of lipid molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse.


histone H3-K56 deacetylation

The modification of histone H3 by the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 56 of the histone.


cell wall proteoglycan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cell wall peptidoglycan, a group of glycoproteins that consist of a core-protein backbone O-glycosylated by one or more complex carbohydrates.


regulation of formation by symbiont of haustorium for nutrient acquisition from host

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont haustorium formation for nutrient acquisition from host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-formyl-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NADH + O2 <=> 4alpha-carboxy-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NAD + H2O.


fumagillin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving fumagillin.


glutaconate CoA-transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + (E)-glutaconate = acetate + glutaconyl-1-CoA.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sorbitol phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + sorbitol(out) = protein histidine + sorbitol phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate = pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.


histone H4-R3 demethylation

The modification of histone H4 by the removal of a methyl group from arginine at position 3 of the histone.


hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = trimethylamine + hexadecanal + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


follicle cell of egg chamber stalk formation

Development of ovarian follicle cells to create the interfollicular stalks that connect the egg chambers of progressive developmental stages. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


negative regulation of light-activated channel activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of light-activated channel activity.


modulation by symbiont of host hormone or growth regulator levels

The alteration by an organism of the levels of hormones or growth regulators in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


sno(s)RNA transcription

The synthesis of snoRNA class RNA (also referred to as sRNA in Archaea) from a DNA template.


copal-8-ol diphosphate(3-) catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of copal-8-ol diphosphate(3-).


response to platelet aggregation inhibitor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a platelet aggregation inhibitor stimulus.


hemocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the characteristics of a mature hemocyte. Hemocytes are blood cells associated with a hemocoel (the cavity containing most of the major organs of the arthropod body) which are involved in defense and clotting of hemolymph, but not involved in transport of oxygen.


positive regulation of cellular response to very-low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to very-low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus.


siderophore-iron transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(in) + H+(in).


prephenate(2-) catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of prephenate(2-).


GPI anchor biosynthetic process via N-alanyl-glycosylphosphatidylinositolethanolamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-alanine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of an alanyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.


biological process involved in symbiotic interaction

A process carried out by gene products in an organism that enable the organism to engage in a symbiotic relationship, a more or less intimate association, with another organism. The various forms of symbiosis include parasitism, in which the association is disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms; mutualism, in which the association is advantageous, or often necessary to one or both and not harmful to either; and commensalism, in which one member of the association benefits while the other is not affected. However, mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism are often not discrete categories of interactions and should rather be perceived as a continuum of interaction ranging from parasitism to mutualism. In fact, the direction of a symbiotic interaction can change during the lifetime of the symbionts due to developmental changes as well as changes in the biotic/abiotic environment in which the interaction occurs. Microscopic symbionts are often referred to as endosymbionts.


cellular response to menaquinone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a menaquinone (vitamin K2) stimulus.


carpel formation

The process that gives rise to the carpel. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


pyrroloquinoline quinone binding

Binding to pyrroloquinoline quinone, PQQ, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of certain alcohol dehydrogenases and glucose dehydrogenases.


dimethylsilanediol catabolic process

The aerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dimethylsilanediol, the smallest member of the dialkylsilanediols. Dimethylsilanediol is the monomer of polydimethylsiloxane, a compound which can be found in a wide range of industrial and consumer products.


beta-ketoacyl-acyl-carrier-protein synthase III activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = acetoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + CoA + CO2.


hydroxyphytanate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (2S)-2-hydroxyphytanate + O2 = 2-oxophytanate + H2O2.


positive regulation of cell chemotaxis to fibroblast growth factor

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell chemotaxis to fibroblast growth factor.


ubiquinone catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ubiquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme.


phagosome acidification involved in apoptotic cell clearance

Any process that reduces the pH of the phagosome, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion, and occurs as a part of apoptotic cell clearance.


regulation of basidium development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of basidium development, a process that leads to the formation of a basidium, a small, specialized club-shaped structure typically bearing four basidiospores at the tips of minute projections. The basidium is unique to Basidiomycetes and distinguishes them from other kinds of fungi.


linear 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + [(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl](n) = UDP + a linear [(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl](n+1).


Catalysis of the transfer of a glucosyl group from UDP-glucose to the 7-hydroxy group of a quercetin molecule.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, disulfide as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide molecule.


group A colicin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of group A colicins (colicins E1, E2, E3, A, K, and N) from one side of a membrane to the other.


D-lysine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-lysine, the D-enantiomer of lysine; i.e. (2R)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.


negative regulation of circulating fibrinogen levels

Any process that reduces the quantity of fibrinogen circulating in the bloodstream.


regulation of endosperm development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endosperm development.


nitrite reductase (cytochrome, ammonia-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NH3 + 2 H2O + 6 ferricytochrome c = nitrite + 6 ferrocytochrome c + 7 H+.


sulfur reductase activity

Catalysis of the reduction of elemental sulfur or polysulfide to hydrogen sulfide.


UAC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UAC codon.


viral DNA strand displacement replication

A viral DNA replication process where only one strand is replicated at once, and which releases a single stranded DNA (ssDNA).


D-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxyacid + a quinone = 2-oxoacid + a quinol.


3-cyano-L-alanine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-cyano-L-alanine.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of Z-phenylacetaldoxime, a member of the glucosinolate group of compounds.


formation of translation initiation ternary complex

Formation of a complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2 (either eIF2 in eukaryotes, or IF2 in prokaryotes). In prokaryotes, fMet-tRNA (initiator) is used rather than Met-tRNA (initiator).


long-chain fatty acid transporting porin activity

Enables the transfer of a long-chain fatty acid from one side of a membrane to the other. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with an aliphatic tail of 13 to 21 carbons. This transporter is a porin and so enables the energy independent passage of substances, sized less than 1000 Da, across a membrane. The transmembrane portions of porins consist exclusively of beta-strands which form a beta-barrel. They are found in the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria, mitochondria, plastids and possibly acid-fast Gram-positive bacteria.


regulation of macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway.


rumination

A digestive process in which food, usually grass or hay, is swallowed into a multi-compartmented stomach, regurgitated, chewed again, and swallowed again.


regulation of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway.


Wnt signaling pathway involved in mammary gland specification

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of a cell in the epidermis resulting in the formation of the mammary line. The mammary line is a ridge of epidermal cells that will form the mammary placodes.


positive regulation of spindle checkpoint

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the spindle checkpoint, a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition until the spindle is correctly assembled and oriented, and chromosomes are attached to the spindle.


disruption of host G protein-coupled receptor signal transduction

Any process in which a symbiont interferes with host G protein-coupled receptor signal transduction. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


pinacolone 5-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,2-dimethyl-3-pentanone + 1/2 O2 = 1-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylpentan-3-one.


positive regulation of actin filament severing

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament severing.


response to prostaglandin D

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin D stimulus.


response to antidepressant

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antidepressant stimulus, a mood-stimulating drug.


T/G mismatch-specific endonuclease activity

Catalysis of the repair of T/G mismatches arising from deamination of 5-methylcytosine in DNA by nicking double-stranded DNA within the sequence CT(AT)GN or NT(AT)GG next to the mismatched thymidine residue. The incision is mismatch-dependent and strand-specific, in favor of the G-containing strand. The incision serves as a starting point for subsequent excision repair by DNA polymerase I, which excises thymidine and reinserts cytidine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + uroporphyrin III = 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + precorrin-2.


regulation of metaxylem development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of metaxylem development. Metaxylem development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metaxylem over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metaxylem is the part of the primary xylem that differentiates after the protoxylem and before the secondary xylem, if any of the latter is formed.


positive regulation of thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of thrombin-activated receptor protein signaling pathway activity. A thrombin receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a thrombin-activated receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of parathyroid hormone secretion.


peptidyl-serine O-acetylation

The acetylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-acetyl-L-serine.


response to bacterial lipoprotein

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacterial lipoprotein stimulus.


germ-band extension

Elongation of the germ band on the ventral side of the embryo, accompanied by a halving in width. The elongation process pushes the posterior midgut invagination closed and compresses the amnioserosa further.


regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell activation.


envenomation resulting in negative regulation of low voltage-gated calcium channel activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant stopping, prevention or reduction of the activity of a low voltage-gated calcium channel in the bitten organism.


Roundabout signaling pathway involved in axon guidance

Any Roundabout signaling pathway that is involved in axon guidance.


aspartate-ammonia ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-aspartate + NH3 = AMP + diphosphate + L-asparagine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + H+ = CO2 + phenol.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-2,4-diaminobutyrate + acetyl-CoA = N(4)-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate + CoA + H+.


pancreatic E cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pancreatic E cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


maintenance of plastid location

Any process in which a plastid is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


2-oxoglutarate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + H+ = CO2 + succinate semialdehyde.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-aminobenzenesulfonate, aniline-o-sulfonic acid, an aromatic sulfonate used in organic synthesis and in the manufacture of various dyes and medicines.


tagatose-bisphosphate aldolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-tagatose 1,6-diphosphate = D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + glycerone phosphate.


2'-hydroxyisoflavone reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: vestitone + NADP+ = 2'-hydroxyformononetin + NADPH + H+.


secondary shoot formation

The process that gives rise to secondary (or auxiliary or axillary) shoots in plants. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. These secondary shoots originate from secondary meristems initiated in the axils of leaf primordia. Axillary meristems function like the shoot apical meristem of the primary shoot initating the development of lateral organs.


response to cyclophosphamide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyclophosphamide stimulus.


ceramide phosphoethanolamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ceramide phosphoethanolamine.


intracellular signal transduction involved in positive regulation of cell growth

Any intracellular signal transduction that is involved in positive regulation of cell growth.


positive regulation of penetration peg formation

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont penetration peg formation for entry into host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of coagulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of coagulation, the process in which a fluid solution, or part of it, changes into a solid or semisolid mass.


cell-cell junction disassembly

The disaggregation of a cell-cell junction into its constituent components.


VEGF-activated platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) binding to a beta-type platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


oxo-acid-lyase activity

Catalysis of the cleavage of a C-C bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, of a 3-hydroxy acid.


D-fructuronate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-mannonate + NADP = NADPH + H+ + D-fructuronate.


modulation by virus of host NIK/NF-kappaB cascade

Any process in which a virus effect a change in the frequency, rate or extent of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling in the host.


assembly of apicomedial cortex actomyosin

A process which results in the assembly or arrangement of constituent parts apicomedial cortex actomyosin.


regulation of lactose biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lactose biosynthetic process.


cellular response to ether

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ether stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphonato-5'-adenylyl sulfate + a 12-hydroxyjasmonate <=> adenosine 3',5'-bismonophosphate + a 12-hydroxyjasmonate sulfate.


protein-phycoerythrobilin linkage

The linkage of the chromophore phycoerythrobilin to phycoerythrins.


zeaxanthin bis(beta-D-glucoside) biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of zeaxanthin bis(beta-D-glucoside).


atropine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of atropine. Atropine is the racemic mixture of hyoscyamine.


sweat gland placode formation

The developmental process in which the sweat gland placode forms. An sweat gland placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the sweat gland bud.


positive regulation of plant epidermal cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of plant epidermal cell differentiation.


nicotine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotine, (S)(-)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine.


7-hydroxy-chlorophyllide a oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + NADPH + O2 + H+ = chlorophyllide b + NADP+ + 2 H2O.


regulation of heme oxygenase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, or rate of heme oxygenase activity.


specification of segmental identity, abdomen

The specification of the characteristic structures of the abdominal segments following establishment of segment boundaries. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


female germline ring canal formation

Assembly of the intercellular bridges that connect the germ-line cells of a female cyst.


regulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytotoxic T cell differentiation.


imaginal disc-derived wing vein specification

The regionalization process in which the area of a imaginal disc-derived wing that will form a wing vein is specified.


protein arginine N5-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the delta-nitrogen atom of peptidyl-arginine residues. The reaction is S-adenosyl-L-methionine + [protein]-L-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + [protein]-N5-methyl-L-arginine.


DNA negative supercoiling activity

Catalytic introduction of negative supercoils into a DNA molecule or region thereof. In bacteria, negative supercoils are only introduced by DNA gyrase, a type II topoisomerase, but not all DNA gyrases are capable of introducing supercoils. In bacteria, the level of supercoiling varies widely between species and has been characterized properly in only a handful of organisms. The best characterized enzyme, from E.coli, is exceptionally proficient at supercoiling and this ability is not representative of all bacteria.


negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition.


D-proline reductase (dithiol) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: lipoate + 5-aminopentanoate = dihydrolipoate + D-proline.


photosynthesis, light harvesting in photosystem II

After a photon of light is absorbed by one of the many chlorophyll molecules, in one of the light-harvesting complexes of an antenna on photosystem II, some of the absorbed energy is transferred to the pair of chlorophyll molecules in the reaction center.


epoxide carboxylase activity

Catalysis of the generic reaction: epoxide + CO2 + NAD+ + electron donor = beta-keto acid + NADH + reduced electron donor; the electron donor may be NADPH or a dithiol. This reaction is the ring opening and carboxylation of an epoxide; for example: epoxypropane + CO2 + NAD+ + NADPH = acetoacetate + NADH + NADP+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + S-(4-bromophenyl)-L-cysteine = (4-bromophenylsulfanyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate.


positive regulation of inorganic anion transmembrane transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of inorganic anion transmembrane transport.


oocyte morphogenesis

The process in which the structures of an oocyte are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of an oocyte.


regulation of synaptic vesicle docking

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle docking.


contractile actin filament bundle assembly

Assembly of actin filament bundles in which the filaments are loosely packed (approximately 30-60 nm apart) and arranged with opposing polarities; the loose packing allows myosin (usually myosin-II) to enter the bundle.


TORC2 complex disassembly

The disaggregation of a TORC2 complex into its constituent components.


mannosyl-inositol phosphorylceramide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannosyl-inositol phosphorylceramide, any lipid with a phosphodiester bridge between an inositol residue and the ceramide group which contains a phosphoryl (-P(O)=) groups and a mannose derivative.


protein localization to division septum

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a division septum.


proximal/distal pattern formation involved in nephron development

The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis of a nephron. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from the center of the kidney (proximal end) outward (distal end).


glutamate synthase (NADPH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NADP+ = 2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamine + H+ + NADPH. This is a two-step reaction: (a) L-glutamate + NH3 = L-glutamine + H2O, (b) L-glutamate + NADP+ + H2O = NH3 + 2-oxoglutarate + NADPH + H+.


regulation of hemocyte proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hemocyte proliferation. Hemocytes are blood cells associated with a hemocoel (the cavity containing most of the major organs of the arthropod body) which are involved in defense and clotting of hemolymph, but not involved in transport of oxygen. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


peptide dopaminyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dopamine + L-glutaminyl-[protein] = 5-dopaminyl-L-glutamyl-[protein] + NH4(+).


selective angioblast sprouting

The segregation of angioblasts into discrete arterial and venous vessels from one common precursor vessel.


eye-antennal disc development

Progression of the eye-antennal imaginal disc over time, from its initial formation through to its metamorphosis to form adult structures including the eye, antenna, head capsule and maxillary palps.


response to carbamate

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbamate stimulus. Carbamates are a group of insecticides and parasiticides that act by inhibiting cholinesterase.


Catalysis of the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue from UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine to the 4-position of a mannose linked alpha-1,6 to the core mannose of high-mannose oligosaccharides produced by Dictyostelium discoideum.


response to injury involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a injury. This process occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


regulation of secretion by asymmetric Golgi ribbon formation

The asymmetric formation of a continuous ribbon of interconnected Golgi stacks of flat cisternae that modulates the controlled release of a substance from a polarized epithelial cell.


regulation of meiotic spindle elongation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic spindle elongation.


negative regulation of crystal cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of crystal cell differentiation.


L-amino acid efflux transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of an L-amino acid from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.


organic acid phosphorylation

The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into an organic acid.


positive regulation of response to nutrient levels

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a response to nutrient levels.


negative regulation of homophilic cell adhesion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of homophilic cell adhesion.


positive regulation of male germ-line stem cell asymmetric division

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of male germ-line stem cell asymmetric division.


Catalysis of the reaction: deacetyl-[citrate-oxaloacetate-lyase ((pro-3S)-CH(2)COO(-)-acetate)] + S-acetylphosphopantetheine = [citrate oxaloacetate-lyase ((pro-3S)-CH(2)COO(-)-acetate)] + pantetheine 4'-phosphate.


proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, a large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane.


high-affinity glucose:proton symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose + H+ = glucose + H+. This activity is constitutive and therefore always present, regardless of demand. Symporter activity enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


regulation of chronic inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response to a non-antigenic stimulus.


polyketide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyketides, any of a diverse group of natural products synthesized via linear poly-beta-ketones, which are themselves formed by repetitive head-to-tail addition of acetyl (or substituted acetyl) units indirectly derived from acetate (or a substituted acetate) by a mechanism similar to that for fatty acid biosynthesis but without the intermediate reductive steps.


specification of metanephric loop of Henle identity

The process in which the loop of Henle of the metanephric nephron acquires its identity.


deoxyribose 5-phosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyribose 5-phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 5-phospho-2-deoxyribose.


4-nitrotoluene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-nitrotoluene, 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene. It is a light yellow liquid with a weak aromatic odor.


organic phosphonate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphonates, any organic compound containing one or more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups. Catabolism of phosphonic acid itself, an inorganic compound without the biochemically relevant C-P bond, is not included.


dUMP kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + dUMP = ADP + dUDP.


chemotaxis to arachidonic acid

The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to the presence of arachidonic acid.


alpha-ribazole metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving alpha-ribazole, the benzimidazole nucleoside in adenosyl cobalamin (vitamin B12).


FAD diphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: FAD + H2O = AMP + FMN.


phytyl diphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytyl diphosphate, (2E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl trihydrogen diphosphate.


dTDP-rhamnose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.


leukemia inhibitory factor signaling pathway involved in forebrain neuron fate commitment

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of leukemia inhibitory factor to its receptor on the surface of the target cell, that contributes to the commitment of a neuroblast to a neuronal fate. The neuron will reside in the forebrain.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 D-glucose 1-phosphate = D-glucose + D-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate.


cytidine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cytidine, cytosine riboside, a widely distributed nucleoside.


regulation of male mating behavior

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of male mating behavior.


negative regulation of behavior

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli.


nicotinic acid riboside hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: nicotinic acid riboside + H2O = nicotinic acid + D-ribose.


cellular response to abiotic stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus.


protein glutathionylation

The protein modification process in which a glutathione molecule is added to a protein amino acid through a disulfide linkage.


Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-secoisolariciresinol + NAD <=> H+ + (-)-lactol + NADH.


(R)-6-hydroxynicotine oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-6-hydroxynicotine + H2O + O2 = 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + H2O2.


cohesin unloader activity

Facilitating a conformational change to unload a cohesin complex from sister chromatids.


negative regulation of viral budding via host ESCRT complex

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral budding via host ESCRT complex.


perichondral ossification

Intramembranous ossification from the surface of a cartilage element as the perichondrium becomes a periosteum, without replacement of cartilage.


soyasaponin III rhamnosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-L-rhamnose + soyasaponin III <=> H+ + UDP + soyasaponin I.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + H+ + methylmalonate.


ureidoglycine aminohydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ureidoglycine + H2O = S-ureidoglycolate + NH3.


delphinidin 7-O-(6-O-(4-O-(glucosyl)-oxybenzoyl)-glucoside) acyltransferase (acyl-glucose dependent activity

Catalysis of the reaction: delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-(6-O-(4-O-(glucosyl)-oxybenzoyl)-glucoside) + 1-O-4-hydroxybenzoyl-beta-D-glucose <=> violdelphin + beta-D-glucose.


cortisol O-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + cortisol = CoA + cortisol 21-acetate.


envenomation resulting in positive regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant positive regulation of complement activation via the lectin pathway in the bitten/stung organism.


negative regulation of endothelial tube morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial tube morphogenesis.


cytochrome c metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cytochrome c.


oocyte anterior/posterior axis specification

Polarization of the oocyte along its anterior-posterior axis. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


eosinophil extravasation

The migration of an eosinophil from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue.


Catalysis of the reaction: salicyl alcohol + UDP-D-glucose = H+ + salicin + UDP.


negative regulation of phenotypic switching

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phenotypic switching.


3alpha-hydroxy bile acid-CoA-ester 3-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: a 3alpha-hydroxy bile acid CoA + NAD+ = a 3-oxo bile acid CoA + H+ + NADH.


regulation of cyclodextrin metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cyclodextrin metabolic process.


galactomannan catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactomannan, a polysaccharide composed of D-galactosyl and D-mannosyl. The mannosyl units form the backbone structure (a linear main chain) with the D-galactosyl as single side units.


pseudouridine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pseudouridine = ADP + 2 H+ + pseudouridine 5'-phosphate.


regulation of hypoxia-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hypoxia-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


allose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of allose, allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3.


negative regulation of floral organ abscission

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of floral organ abscission, the controlled shedding of floral organs.


canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of wound healing

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in positive regulation of wound healing.


electroception

The series of events required for an organism to receive an electrical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Many fish possess an electroception sense; for example, the electric eel uses low voltage pulses of electricity for navigation and prey location.


negative regulation of renal output by angiotensin

The process in which angiotensin directly decreases the rate of natriuresis and diuresis in the kidney.


rhamnose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose. Rhamnose occurs commonly as a compound of plant glycosides, in polysaccharides of gums and mucilages, and in bacterial polysaccharides. It is also a component of some plant cell wall polysaccharides and frequently acts as the sugar components of flavonoids.


dichloromethane metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving dichloromethane, a dichlorinated derivative of methane. It is a colorless organic liquid with a sweet, chloroform-like odor, often used as a paint remover.


envenomation resulting in pore formation in membrane of another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a pore complex in a membrane of the bitten organism.


mesonephric distal tubule development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephric distal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephric distal tubule is a mesonephric nephron tubule that begins at the terminal segment of the proximal tubule and ends at the mesonephric connecting tubule.


positive regulation of taurine biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of taurine biosynthesis.


histone H3-K4 monomethylation

The modification of histone H3 by addition of one methyl group to lysine at position 4 of the histone.


naphtho-gamma-pyrone metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving naphtho-gamma-pyrone.


5alpha,9alpha,10beta-labda-8(20),13-dien-15-yl diphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 5alpha,9alpha,10beta-labda-8(20),13-dien-15-yl diphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene + H+ + 2 e- = Cl- + 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene. 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDE; 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDMU.


tRNA wobble guanine modification

The process in which a guanine in t position 34 of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified.


homoserine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving homoserine, alpha-amino-gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cystathionine, threonine and methionine.


specification of nephron tubule identity

The process in which the tubules arranged along the proximal/distal axis of the nephron acquire their identity.


perillyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + perillyl alcohol = H+ + NADH + perillyl aldehyde.


somatic recombination of T cell receptor gene segments

The process in which T cell receptor genes are formed through recombination of the germline genetic elements, also known as T cell receptor gene segments.


klinokinesis

The movement of a cell or organism in response to a stimulus in which the frequency or magnitude of turning behavior is altered.


organosulfide cycle

A cyclic series of interconversions involving dimethyl sulfide, methanethiol and hydrogen sulfide. Dimethylsulfoxide can also be converted to dimethyl sulfide, which enters the cycle.


stilbene biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of stilbenes, a class of polyketide compounds formed from cinnamic acid and three molecules of malonyl CoA.


regulation of cardiac muscle fiber development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle fiber development.


pyramid development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney pyramids over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Kidney pyramids are the conical masses that constitute the renal medulla in a multi-lobed mammalian kidney; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts.


juvenile hormone metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving juvenile hormones, the three sesquiterpenoid derivatives that function to maintain the larval state of insects at molting and that may be required for other processes, e.g. oogenesis.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-formyl,4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-cholest-24-en-3beta-ol + NADH(2-) + O2 <=> 4alpha-carboxy,4beta,14alpha-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-cholest-24-en-3beta-ol + NAD(1-) + H2O.


positive regulation of cellular response to phosphate starvation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to phosphate starvation.


cerebral cortex tangential migration using cell-axon interactions

The movement of cerebral cortex neuronal precursors tangentially through the cortex using interaction of the migrating cells with axons of other neurons.


detoxification of aluminum ion

Any process that reduce or remove the toxicity of aluminum ions. These can include transport of the aluminum away from sensitive areas,  sequesteration, or chemical modification to an inert form.


plastid single subunit type RNA polymerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template that contains a single subunit type plastid RNA polymerase specific promoter to direct initiation and catalyses DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-aminoethylphosphonate, most abundant and ubiquitous of naturally occurring phosphonates. It is typically found as a conjugate of glycans, lipids, and proteins, which in turn perform essential biochemical functions in specialized lower organisms.


Mo-molybdopterin cofactor metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.


arylamine glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + an arylamine = UDP + an N-D-glucosylarylamine.


fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of fungal cells.


deactivation of rhodopsin mediated signaling

The process of restoring the photoreceptor cell to its unexcited state after termination of the stimulus (photon).


DNA endonuclease activity, producing 3'-phosphomonoesters

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 3'-phosphomonoesters.


D-amino acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-coumaryl-CoA + cyanin betaine <=> shisonin + coenzyme A.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA(4-).


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H2O + 2-(acetamidomethylene)succinate = CO2 + NH3 + succinate semialdehyde + acetate.


indole-3-acetaldehyde oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (indol-3-yl)acetaldehyde + H2O + O2 = (indol-3-yl)acetate + H2O2 + H+.


(1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylthiopropyl-desulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = 3-methylthiopropyl-glucosinolate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


ABC-type zinc transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(in).


lytic transglycosylase activity

Catalysis of the specific cleavage of the beta-(1->4) glycosidic linkage between N-acetylmuramyl and N-acetylglucosaminyl residues in peptidoglycan, with the concomitant formation of 1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramyl residues.


plasma membrane respiratory chain complex IV assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex IV (also known as cytochrome c oxidase) in the plasma membrane.


dextrin dextranase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) + 1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl(m) = 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl(n-1) + 1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl(m+1).


arginine catabolic process to succinate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including succinate.


carbon disulfide oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: carbon disulfide + NADH + H+ + O2 = [S] + H2O + NAD+ + carbonyl sulfide.


peptidyl-lysine formylation

The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-formyl-L-lysine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 6-alkylaminopurine + UDP-D-glucose = 6-alkylamino-7-beta-D-glucosylpurine + H+ + UDP. This reaction is an N-glucosylation event.


negative regulation of artery morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of artery morphogenesis.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-N-acetylgalactosamine phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + N-acetylgalactosamine(out) = protein histidine + N-acetylgalactosamine phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


entry into dormancy

The dormancy process that results in entry into dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-naringenin(1-) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> sakuranetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


positive regulation of imaginal disc-derived wing size

Any process that increases the size of an imaginal disc-derived wing.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 2 NAD+ + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = 3 H+ + 2 NADH + UDP-N-acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucuronate.


chitin deacetylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: chitin + H2O = chitosan + acetate.


positive regulation of adenosine transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of adenosine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


response to muscle inactivity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muscle inactivity stimulus. This process occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


protein-phycoerythrobilin linkage via S-phycoerythrobilin-L-cysteine

The linkage of the chromophore phycoerythrobilin to phycoerythrocyanin via S-phycoerythrobilin-L-cysteine.


epicardium-derived cardiac fibroblast cell fate commitment

The commitment of an epicardial cell to a cardiac fibroblast cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a cardiac fibroblast. A cardiac fibroblast is a connective tissue cell in the heart which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.


fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein variant which contains both an arabinogalactan protein (AGP) motif and a fasciclin domain.


positive regulation of leucophore differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leucophore differentiation.


L-ascorbate peroxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-ascorbate + hydrogen peroxide = dehydroascorbate + 2 H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-4-methyloctanoyl-CoA = 4-methyl-3-oxooctanoyl-CoA + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


oxoglutarate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + CoA + NAD(P)+ = succinyl-CoA + CO2 + NAD(P)H.


oxaloacetate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of oxaloacetate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.


negative regulation of cell fate specification

Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from adopting a specific cell fate.


zygosporangium development

The process in which a fruiting body called zygosporangium is formed. A zygosporangium is a thick-walled structure in which spores are produced, and is characteristic of the Zygomycetes.


hydroxymethylbutenyl pyrophosphate reductase activity

Catalysis of the formation of both isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate from (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate.


positive regulation of dipeptide transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dipeptide transport.


high-affinity secondary active nitrite transmembrane transporter activity

Catalysis of the transfer of nitrite from one side of the membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. In high affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


methyltetrahydrofolate:corrinoid/iron-sulfur protein methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a tetrahydrofolate + a [methyl-Co(III) corrinoid Fe-S protein] <=> an N5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate + a [Co(I) corrinoid Fe-S protein].


regulation of establishment or maintenance of bipolar cell polarity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or maintenance of bipolar cell polarity.


corydaline synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 2 NADPH + palmatine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + corydaline + 2 NADP+.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nucleoside(out) + H+(out) = nucleoside(in) + H+(in).


regulation of centriole elongation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of centriole elongation.


double strand break-nuclear membrane anchor activity

Binding to DNA double strand breaks and the nuclear inner membrane, in order to facilitate DNA repair.


distinct antral spaces stage

The stage in oogenesis when the antral spaces become distinct and the first polar body forms.


hypothalamic tangential migration using cell-axon interactions

The movement of a hypothalamic neuronal precursor tangentially through the forebrain using an interaction of the migrating cells with axons of other neurons.


regulatory RNA binding

Binding to a small regulatory RNA, a short RNA (usually 50-200 nt long) that is either independently transcribed or processed from a longer RNA by an RNAse enzyme.


Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + dihydrosanguinarine = H2O2 + sanguinarine.


regulation of pharyngeal pumping

Any process that modulates the contraction and relaxation movements of the pharyngeal muscle that mediates feeding in nematodes.


Catalysis of the reaction: pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside + caffeoyl-CoA = pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-caffeoylglucoside + coenzyme A.


hydroxyproline O-arbinofuranose transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-beta-L-arabinofuranose + a [protein]-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline = UDP + H+ + a protein-O-(beta-L-arabinofuranose)-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline.


regulation of eclosion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the emergence of an insect from a pupa-case or of a larva from an egg.


arginine catabolic process to proline

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including proline.


Catalysis of the reaction: phosphoenolpyruvate + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = phosphate + UDP-N-acetyl-3-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-D-glucosamine.


monocyclic sesterterpenediol synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: monocyclic sesterterpenediol <=> all-trans-geranylfarnesol + H2O.


pancreatic D cell fate commitment

The commitment of a cell to a pancreatic D cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a pancreatic D cell. A delta cell is a cell of the pancreas that produces somatostatin.


neomycin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving neomycin.


neural plate formation

The formation of the flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. The underlying dorsal mesoderm signals the ectodermal cells above it to elongate into columnar neural plate cells. The neural plate subsequently develops into the neural tube, which gives rise to the central nervous system.


metallo-sulfur cluster assembly

The incorporation of a metal and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + L-2,4-diaminobutyrate = L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + L-glutamate.


(-)-secologanin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (-)-secologanin.


protein denucleotidylation

The removal of a nucleotide from a protein amino acid.


L-arabitol catabolic process to xylulose 5-phosphate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. L-arabitol is converted into L-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to L-xylulose-5-phosphate. This is converted to D-xylulose-5-phosphate via the intermediate L-ribulose-5-phosphate.


trans-synaptic signalling via exosome

Transynaptic signaling in which the ligand is carried across the synapse by an exosome.


Catalysis of the reaction: (1R,5S)-carveol + NAD+ = (S)-carvone + H+ + NADH.


nitrogenase P cluster assembly

The biochemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a P-cluster of a nitrogenase, a high-nuclearity, Fe/S-only cluster that can be viewed as two [4Fe-4S] sub-clusters sharing a gamma-6-sulfide.


salicylic acid mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals mediated by salicylic acid.


acetoin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetoin, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone.


regulation of myotube cell migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myotube cell migration.


adenylyl-sulfate reductase (glutathione) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: AMP + glutathione disulfide + H+ + sulfite = 5'-adenylyl sulfate + 2 glutathione.


cytochrome b6f complex assembly

Formation of cytochrome b6f complex, a complex that transfers electrons from reduced plastoquinone to oxidized plastocyanin and translocates protons from the stroma to the lumen, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents.


FADH2 binding

Binding to the reduced form, FADH2, of flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes.


negative regulation of response to furfural

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to furfural.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of N-acetylmannosamine, the acetylated derivative of mannosamine, 2-amino-2-deoxymannose.


Catalysis of the reaction: benzo(a)pyrene-cis-4,5-dihydrodiol = 4,5-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene + H2.


sulfoquinovose isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction sulfoquinovose = 6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose.


Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrosanguinarine + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 10-hydroxydihydrosanguinarine + H2O + NADP+.


mesonephric nephron epithelium development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephric nephron epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. The mesonephric nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron in the mesonephros.


plasma membrane raft polarization

The clustering and aggregation of a plasma membrane into domains. This serves as a mechanism to compartmentalize cellular activities and to establish cell polarity.


campest-4-en-3-one hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + campest-4-en-3-one + O2 + NADPH <=> (22S)-22-hydroxycampest-4-en-3-one + H2O + NADP.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + phosphonoacetaldehyde = acetaldehyde + H+ + phosphate.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on hydrogen as donor, iron-sulfur protein as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor and reduces an iron-sulfur protein.


N-acetylmuramic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc), a monosaccharide derivative of N-acetylglucosamine.


Catalysis of the reaction: FMNH2 + O2 <=> 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole + D-erythrose 4-phosphate + dialuric acid.


post-embryonic foregut morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the foregut are generated and organized, during the post-embryonic phase.


Catalysis of the reaction: formononetin + NADPH + O2 = 2'-hydroxyformononetin + NADP+ + H2O.


guanosine tetraphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.


structural constituent of collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle. An example of this process is found in Caenorhabditis elegans.


immunological memory process

Any process of the immune system that can contribute to the formation of immunological memory or an immune response based upon activation of immunological memory.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate = pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde.


bundle sheath cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a bundle sheath cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = hydroquinone + NADP+ + H2O + CO2.


regulation of apical ectodermal ridge formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apical ectodermal ridge formation.


viral genome ejection through host cell envelope

Ejection by a non-enveloped prokaryotic virus of its genome into the host cytoplasm. Caudovirales carry an ejection apparatus that can be long and contractile, long and noncontractile, or short, and is able to penetrate the host cell envelope to deliver the viral genome into the host cell cytoplasm.


arsonoacetate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arsonoacetate, a synthetic, organic compound containing a single arsenic atom.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-18:1-2-16:0-digalactosyldiacylglycerol + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 1-18:2-2-16:0-digalactosyldiacylglycerol + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


negative regulation of aggregate size involved in sorocarp development

Any process that decreases the size of the aggregate formed during sorocarp formation.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = L-2-acetamido-6-oxopimelate + CoA.


gene conversion at mating-type locus

The conversion of the mating-type locus from one allele to another resulting from the recombinational repair of a site-specific double-strand break at the mating-type locus with information from a silent donor sequence. There is no reciprocal exchange of information because the mating-type locus copies information from the donor sequence and the donor sequence remains unchanged.


galacturonate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid.


negative regulation of metanephric DCT cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric DCT cell differentiation.


myoblast proliferation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

The multiplication or reproduction of myoblasts, resulting in the expansion of the cell population. This occurs as part of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


positive regulation of mitotic spindle pole body separation

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the process involving the release of duplicated mitotic spindle pole bodies (SPBs) and their migration away from each other within the nuclear membrane.


ergothioneine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ergothioneine, a naturally occurring metabolite of histidine with antioxidant properties.


G protein-coupled olfactory receptor activity

Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


maintenance of stationary phase

The homeostatic process in which a population of cells changes its metabolic activity resulting in the rate of death in the population equaling the rate of reproduction. Stationary phase can be in response to limited nutrients or a build-up of toxic substances in the environment.


ATPase-coupled lipo-chitin oligosaccharide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + lipo-chitin oligosaccharide(in) = ADP + phosphate + lipo-chitin oligosaccharide(out).


response to indolebutyric acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an indolebutyric acid stimulus.


negative regulation of ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus.


anthraniloyl-CoA monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + O2 = 2-amino-5-oxocyclohex-1-enecarboxyl-CoA + H2O + 2 NADP+.


regulation of R7 cell fate commitment

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of R7 cell fate commitment.


norepinephrine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of norepinephrine, a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla, and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts in the central nervous system. It is also the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine.


endogalactosaminidase activity

Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-galactosaminidic linkages in poly(D-galactosamine).


larval lymph gland hemocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell derived from the larval lymph gland acquires the specialized features of a mature hemocyte. The lymph gland consists of three to six bilaterally paired lobes that are attached to the cardioblasts during larval stages, and it degenerates during pupal stages. Hemocytes are blood cells associated with a hemocoel (the cavity containing most of the major organs of the arthropod body) which are involved in defense and clotting of hemolymph, but not involved in transport of oxygen. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


achromobactin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of achromobactin, a citrate siderophore.


mandibular condyle articular cartilage development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of mandibular joint condyle articular cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


3-chlorocatechol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-chlorocatechol.


mycotoxin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a mycotoxin, any poisonous substance produced by a fungus.


midbrain-hindbrain boundary structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary structure. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + an anthocyanin = UDP + an anthocyanin 3'-O-beta-D-glucoside.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of O3-(N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphoryl)-L-serine. The recovery of O-phosphorylserine from acid hydrolysates suggests N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate residues are esterified to peptidyl serines through phosphoester bonds.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme M = 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + methyl-coenzyme M. 2-(methylthio)ethanesulfonate is also known as methyl-CoM.


Catalysis of the reaction: NADP + a reduced coenzyme F420 <=> NADPH + H+ + an oxidized coenzyme F420.


diaminopimelate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diaminopimelate, both as an intermediate in lysine biosynthesis and as a component (as meso-diaminopimelate) of the peptidoglycan of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls.


Catalysis of the reaction: (E,E)-geranylgeraniol + ATP = H+ + all-trans-geranyl-geranyl monophosphate + ADP.


Catalysis of the reaction: stearoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + reduced acceptor + O2 = oleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + acceptor + H2O. The enzyme requires ferredoxin.


Catalysis of the reaction: luteolin 7-O-[(beta-D-glucosiduronate)-(1->2)-(beta-D-glucosiduronate)] + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = H+ + luteolin 7-O-[(beta-D-glucosiduronate)-(1->2)-(beta-D-glucosiduronate)] 4'-O-beta-D-glucosiduronate + UDP.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + UDP-2,3-bis(3-hydroxymyristoyl)glucosamine = 2,3-bis(3-hydroxymyristoyl)-beta-D-glucosaminyl 1-phosphate + UMP.


primary root development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary root over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The primary root develops directly from the embryonic radicle.


cellular response to sucrose starvation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of sucrose.


small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and a snoRNA to form a small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) complex.


root meristem specification

The specification of a meristem which will give rise to a primary or lateral root.


O antigen ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: Lipid A-core + colanic acid = MLPS.


beta-zeacarotene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-zeacarotene.


regulation of immune effector process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune effector process.


mucosal tolerance induction

Tolerance induction taking place in the mucosal tissues.


inositol phosphoceramide synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phytoceramide + inositol phosphate = inositol phosphoceramide + diacylglycerol.


Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in isolichenin, pseudonigeran and nigeran.


branched-chain amino acid:2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate aminotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate + L-phenylalanine = phenylpyruvate + L-methionine.


cellular response to paraquat

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a paraquat stimulus.


protein-phosphocysteine-mannosylglycerate-phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein S-phosphocysteine + mannosylglycerate(out) = protein cysteine + mannosylglycerate phosphate(in).


Catalysis of the reaction: toluene-4-sulfonate + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + 4-sulfobenzyl alcohol.


fin morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a fin are generated and organized.


diamine transaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an alpha,omega-diamine + 2-oxoglutarate = an omega-aminoaldehyde + L-glutamate.


tryprostatin A biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tryprostatin A.


decylcitrate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + lauroyl-CoA + oxaloacetate = (2S,3S)-2-hydroxytridecane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate + CoA + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin-3-O-D-rhamnosyl-(1,6)-D-glucoside + UDP-D-glucose = cyanidin-3-O-[D-rhamnosyl-(1,6)-D-glucoside]-5-O-D-glucoside + UDP.


Catalysis of the reaction: H(2) + menaquinone = reduced menaquinone.


specification of symmetry

The establishment of an organism's body plan or part of an organism such that a similar arrangement in form and relationship of parts around a common axis, or around each side of a plane is created.


Catalysis of the reaction: (7R)-7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanate + H2O = (7R)-7-aminocephalosporanate + glutarate.


D-arabinose 1-dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinose + NAD+ = D-arabinono-1,4-lactone + NADH.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobutanoate + pyruvate = succinate semialdehyde + alanine.


pyranose oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose + O2 = 2-dehydro-D-glucose + H2O2.


5' deoxyribonuclease (pyrimidine dimer) activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage immediately 5' to pyrimidine dimers to products with 5'-phosphate.


regulation of anthocyanin biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of anthocyanins.


regulation of anterograde axonal transport of mitochondrion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in axons away from the cell body and towards the presynapse.


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + L-leucine + ATP <=> H+ + indole-3-acetyl-leucine + diphosphoric acid + AMP.


short descending thin limb development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the short descending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The short descending thin limb is the descending thin limb of a short nephron that has a squamous epithelial morphology.


naringenin chalcone 4'-O-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone <=> UDP + 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone 4'-O-beta-D-glucoside + H+.


hibernation

Any process in which an organism enters and maintains a period of dormancy in which to pass the winter. It is characterized by narcosis and by sharp reduction in body temperature and metabolic activity and by a depression of vital signs.


glycerophospholipid arachidonoyl-transferase (CoA-independent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + 1-alkyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-alkyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine.


negative regulation of Golgi lumen acidification

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Golgi lumen acidification.


aldehyde biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldehydes, any organic compound with the formula R-CH=O.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysine + acetyl-CoA = N6-acetyl-L-lysine + CoA + H+.


D-arabinose catabolic process to xylulose 5-phosphate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabinose to form xylulose 5-phosphate. D-arabinose is converted into D-ribulose, which is phosphorylated to ribulose-5-phosphate, which is isomerized to give D-xylulose-5-phosphate.


alpha-amino acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an alpha-amino acid.


sex-specific pigmentation

Establishment of a pattern of pigment in one sex that is not observed in the other sex.


Catalysis of the reaction: gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane + HCl = 1,3(R),4(S),5(S),6(R)-pentachlorocyclohexene.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + H2O + NAD+ = N-succinyl-L-glutamate + 2 H+ + NADH.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + NAD <=> H+ + UDP-3-keto-alpha-D-glucose + NADH.


The formation of a protein-phosphoribosyl dephospho-coenzyme A linkage via O-(phosphoribosyl dephospho-coenzyme A)-L-serine.


stem vascular tissue pattern formation

Vascular tissue pattern formation as it occurs in the stem of vascular plants.


isobazzanene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate <=> isobazzanene + diphosphoric acid.


negative regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity.


(3R)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoate:CoA ligase (ADP-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (3R)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoate + CoA-SH + ATP = H2O + ADP + phosphate + (3R)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoyl-CoA.


uropod retraction

The process in which a uropod detaches from the cell substrate and retracts the rear of a migrating cell.


regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction.


regulation of Wnt signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral axis specification

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral axis specification.


positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smoothened signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning.


sepal development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sepal over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine, a methyl-L-arginine having two methyl groups both attached to the primary amino moiety of the guanidino group.


positive aerotaxis

The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a higher concentration of environmental oxygen.


pinene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of the monoterpenoid pinene; alpha-pinene is (1S,5S)-2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene, and beta-pinene is (1S,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-2-methylenebicyclo[3.1.1]heptane.


anthocyanin-containing compound biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of anthocyanins, any member of a group of intensely colored soluble glycosides of anthocyanidins.


modulation by host of viral exo-alpha-sialidase activity

The process in which a host organism effects a change in viral exo-alpha-sialidase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a protein.


xanthine binding

Binding to xanthine, a purine base.


acetyl-CoA synthetase acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the acetylation of residue Lys609 of the enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase, using acetyl-CoA as substrate.


VEGF-activated neuropilin signaling pathway involved in axon guidance

Any VEGF-activated neuropilin signaling pathway that is involved in axon guidance.


6-oxocineole dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 6-oxocineole + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 1,6,6-trimethyl-2,7-dioxabicyclo[3.2.2]nonan-3-one + H2O + NADP+.


negative adaptation of signaling pathway by response to pheromone involved in pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation

In organisms that undergo pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation, the process involved in desensitization following exposure to pheromone stimulus that acts to down-regulate further stimulation or block initial conjugation responses.


prostate glandular acinus development

The progression of a glandular acinus of the prostate gland over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The glandular acini are the saclike structures of the gland.


nucleoid organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nucleoid. The nucleoid is the region of a bacterial cell, virion, mitochondrion or chloroplast to which the DNA is confined.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-beta-glucoside phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + beta-glucoside(out) = protein histidine + beta-glucoside phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


p-coumaroyltriacetic acid synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + 4-coumaryl-CoA + H2O + 3 malonyl-CoA <=> 4 coenzyme A + 3 carbon dioxide + p-coumaroyltriacetate.


molybdopterin cofactor catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the molybdopterin cofactor (Moco), essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes, e.g. sulfite oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo-molybdopterin) or tungsten ion (W-molybdopterin) coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.


negative regulation of muscle filament sliding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle filament sliding.


circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep

The part of the circadian sleep/wake cycle where the organism is asleep.


germ cell attraction

The directed movement of a germ cell from their site of production to the gonad, through the attraction of cells towards their target.


catechol-containing siderophore biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including catechol. Catechol is one of the three major chemical groups incorporated into siderophore structures with hydroxamate and a-hydroxycarboxylate, each having a high selectivity for iron(3+).


cellular response to gold(3+)

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gold(3+) stimulus.


regulation of mating type switching

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mating type switching, the conversion of a single-cell organism from one mating type to another by the precise replacement of a DNA sequence at the expressed mating type locus with a copy of a sequence from a donor locus.


adhesion of symbiont to host cell surface via host membrane carbohydrate

The attachment of a symbiont to its host by binding to a carbohydrate on the host cell surface. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, the anion of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, a natural product found in plant tissues. It is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of ethylene (ethene), a fruit-ripening hormone in plants.


amino acid:monoatomic cation symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: amino acid(out) + cation(out) = amino acid(in) + cation(in).


3-oxoadipate CoA-transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: succinyl-CoA + 3-oxoadipate = succinate + 3-oxoadipyl-CoA.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + 2-oxoglutarate = indolepyruvate + L-glutamate.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: D-glucose + H+ = D-glucose + H+. Symporter activity enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. D-glucose is the dextrorotatory D-enantiomer of glucose.


cucurbitacin delta23-reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin + NAD(P)+ = cucurbitacin + NAD(P)H + H+.


regulation of muscle tissue development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle tissue development.


hexadecanal dehydrogenase (acylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: CoA + NAD+ + palmitaldehyde = H+ + NADH + palmitoyl-CoA.


octopine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octopine (N-(1-carboxy-4-guanidinobutyl)-L-alanine), an amino acid derived opine.


Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + 6-lactoyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin = NADPH + H+ + 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,6-dihydroxypyridine + H+ + NADH + O2 = 2,3,6-trihydroxypyridine + H2O + NAD+.


omega-hydroxypalmitate O-sinapoyl transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sinapoyl-CoA + 16-hydroxypalmitate <=> coenzyme A + 16-sinapoyloxypalmitate.


regulation of phosphodiesterase activity, acting on 3'-phosphoglycolate-terminated DNA strands

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphodiesterase activity, acting on 3'-phosphoglycolate-terminated DNA strands.


austinol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of austinol.


ergothioneine biosynthesis from histidine via gamma-glutamyl-hercynylcysteine sulfoxide

The pathway resulting in the formation of ergothioneine from histidine via a set of steps in which gamma-glutamyl-hercynylcysteine sulfoxide is formed as an intermediate.