Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene-4-carboxylate + 2 H+ + 2 e- + O2 = cis-3,4-phenanthrenedihydrodiol-4-carboxylate.


GAC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GAC codon.


diphosphate-purine nucleoside kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + a purine nucleoside = monophosphate + a purine mononucleotide.


germarium-derived female germ-line cyst formation

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Formation, in a germarium, of a group of interconnected cells derived from a single female gonial founder cell (a cystoblast). The germarium is the most anterior portion of an insect ovariole. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


thermospermine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thermospermine.


thermospermine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving thermospermine.


thermospermine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thermospermine.


aspartate kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate + ATP = 4-phospho-L-aspartate + ADP + H+.


homoserine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-homoserine + ATP = O-phospho-L-homoserine + ADP + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + N-acetyl-L-2-aminoadipate = ADP + N-acetyl-L-2-aminoadipate 6-phosphate.


arginine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + ATP = N(omega)-phospho-L-arginine + ADP + 2 H+.


GMP catabolic process to IMP

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanosine monophosphate into other compounds, including inosine monophosphate.


extraglomerular mesangial cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of extraglomerular glomerular mesangium cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Extraglomerular mesangial cells (also known as lacis cells, Goormaghtigh cells) are light-staining cells in the kidney found outside the glomerulus, near the vascular pole and macula densa.


mesonephric extraglomerular mesangial cell proliferation involved in mesonephros development

The multiplication or reproduction of extraglomerular glomerular mesangium cells in the mesonephros by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Extraglomerular mesangial cells (also known as lacis cells, Goormaghtigh cells) are light-staining cells in the kidney found outside the glomerulus, near the vascular pole and macula densa.


negative regulation of granulosa cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of granulosa cell proliferation.


adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

An adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway which contributes to a circulatory system process carried out by the heart.


chanoclavine-I aldehyde biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chanoclavine-I aldehyde. Chanoclavine-I aldehyde is at a branching point in the biosynthetic pathways of fumigaclavine C and ergotamine.


negative regulation of positive chemotaxis to cAMP by DIF-2

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of directed movement of a motile cell or organism up a concentration gradient of 3',5'-cAMP by the action of DIF-2. DIF-2 is a chlorinated alkylphenone.


positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process.


evasion of host immune response via modulation of host complement system

Any mechanism of active immune avoidance which works by regulating the host complement system, e.g. by possessing complement receptors which mediate attachment to, then infection of, host macrophages, which are eventually destroyed. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


ER body

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A novel compartment found in plant cells that is derived from the ER. The structures have a characteristic shape and size (10 mm long and 0.5 mm wide) and are surrounded with ribosomes. They have been found in Arabidopsis thaliana and related Brassicaceae species.


extrathymic T cell differentiation

The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a T cell via a differentiation pathway independent of the thymus.


old cell tip after activation of bipolar cell growth

A cell tip which has existed for at least one complete cell cycle, and at which polarized growth occurs, which is part of a cell that has activated bipolar cell growth (i.e. in which new end take-off, NETO, has taken place). For example, in fission yeast the cell end that existed prior to cell division grows immediately after division, and contains a distinctive complement of proteins including actin cytoskeletal structures.


regulation of dehydroaustinol biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dehydroaustinol biosynthetic process.


negative regulation of dehydroaustinol biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dehydroaustinol biosynthetic process.


mannose-specific flocculation

The non-sexual aggregation of single-celled organisms mediated by the binding of cell wall proteins on one cell to mannose residues on the other.


ethylene binding

Binding to ethylene (C2-H4, ethene), a simple hydrocarbon gas that can function in plants as a growth regulator.


glucarate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucarate, the anion of glucaric acid.


glucarate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucarate, the dianion of glucaric acid, an aldaric acid derived from either glucose or gulose. There are two enantiomers L- and D-glucarate.


glucarate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucarate, the anion of glucaric acid.


D-glucarate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-glucarate, the D-enantiomer of glucarate.


D-glucarate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-glucarate, the D-enantiomer of glucarate. D-glucarate is derived from either D-glucose or L-gulose.


D-glucarate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-glucarate, the D-enantiomer of glucarate.


deoxyribonuclease IV (phage-T4-induced) activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage to 5'-phosphooligonucleotide end-products.


cholesterol biosynthetic process via 24,25-dihydrolanosterol

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, via the intermediate 24,25-dihydrolanosterol.


proline racemase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-proline = D-proline.


modulation by symbiont of host protein localization to phagocytic vesicle

Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localisation to the host phagosome. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


hypotonic salinity response

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment.


mutator focus

A type of punctate focus localized to the perinuclear region of germline cytoplasm in C. elegans. Mutator foci are required for RNA interference (RNAi) and serve as sites of small inhibitory RNA (siRNA) amplification. As such, proteins that localize to mutator foci include RNA-directed RNA polymerases (RdRPs) and beta-nucleotidyltransferases. Mutator foci are distinct from, but adjacent to or partially overlap, P granules.


Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxynicotinate + H2O + O2 = 2,6-dihydroxynicotinate + H2O2.


regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type IIa hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.


regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains. An example of this process is found in the Gnathostomata.


negative regulation of type IIa hypersensitivity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type IIa hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.


negative regulation of tolerance induction to nonself antigen

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction to nonself antigen.


negative regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains. An example of this process is found in the Gnathostomata.


regulation of type III hypersensitivity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type III hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.


positive regulation of B cell mediated immunity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell mediated immunity.


negative regulation of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response.


positive regulation of T cell antigen processing and presentation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell antigen processing and presentation.


regulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.


positive regulation of type II hypersensitivity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of type II hypersensitivity.


negative regulation of B cell antigen processing and presentation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell antigen processing and presentation.


regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immunoglobulin mediated immune response.


regulation of T cell mediated immunity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell mediated immunity.


regulation of tolerance induction to nonself antigen

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction to nonself antigen.


positive regulation of B cell antigen processing and presentation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell antigen processing and presentation.


negative regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type IIb hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.


helper T cell enhancement of B cell mediated immune response

Positive regulation of a B cell mediated immune response mediated via cytokine production by a helper T cell.


negative regulation of complement activation, classical pathway in another organism

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the classical pathway, in a different organism.


positive regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type IIb hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.


negative regulation of type II hypersensitivity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of type II hypersensitivity.


regulation of type I hypersensitivity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type I hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.


negative regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an immunoglobulin mediated immune response.


regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin.


negative regulation of T cell antigen processing and presentation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell antigen processing and presentation.


modulation of complement activation, classical pathway in another organism

A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the classical pathway of complement activation, in a different organism.


regulation of T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell lineage commitment.


positive regulation of peripheral tolerance induction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of peripheral tolerance induction.


positive regulation of tolerance induction to nonself antigen

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction to nonself antigen.


helper T cell enhancement of T cell mediated immune response

Positive regulation of a T cell mediated immune response mediated via cytokine production by a helper T cell.


regulation of complement activation, classical pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the classical pathway of complement activation.


regulation of T-helper 1 type immune response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a T-helper 1 type immune response.


negative regulation of B cell mediated immunity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell mediated immunity.


regulation of peripheral tolerance induction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of peripheral tolerance induction.


regulation of type II hypersensitivity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type II hypersensitivity.


positive regulation of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response.


negative regulation of type III hypersensitivity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of type III hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.


regulation of type IIb hypersensitivity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type IIb hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.


negative regulation of peripheral tolerance induction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of peripheral tolerance induction.


regulation of B cell mediated immunity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell mediated immunity.


positive regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains. An example of this process is found in the Gnathostomata.


caste determination, influence by genetic factors

The process in which individuals, having the potential to develop any of several distinct developmental paths, have their individual developmental fate determined in response to genetic cues. Individuals with distinct developmental fates perform different functions in a colony of social insects.


polyphenic determination

The process in which individuals that have the potential to develop any of several possible distinct developmental paths have their individual developmental fates determined in response to environmental and/or genetic cues.


caste determination

The process in which individuals, having the potential to develop any of several distinct developmental paths, have their individual developmental fate determined in response to environmental and/or genetic cues. Individuals with distinct developmental fates perform different functions in a colony of social insects.


polyphenic determination, influence by environmental factors

The process in which individuals that have the potential to develop any of several possible distinct developmental paths have their individual developmental fates determined in response to environmental cues.


caste determination, influence by environmental factors

The process in which individuals, having the potential to develop any of several distinct developmental paths, have their individual developmental fate determined in response to environmental cues. Individuals with distinct developmental fates perform different functions in a colony of social insects.


polyphenic determination, influence by genetic factors

The process in which individuals that have the potential to develop any of several possible distinct developmental paths have their individual developmental fates determined in response to genetic cues.


copper-nicotianamine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of the copper chelate copper-nicotianamine (Cu-NA) from one side of a membrane to the other.


regulation of somatic stem cell division

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of somatic stem cell division.


negative regulation of somatic stem cell division

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of somatic stem cell division.


riboflavin synthase complex

An flavoprotein that catalyzes the reaction the breakdown of dimethyl(ribityl)lumazine to form riboflavin and ribitylamino-amino-dihydroxypyrimidine.


plastoglobule

A lipoprotein particle present in chloroplasts. They are rich in non-polar lipids (triglycerides, esters) as well as in prenylquinones, plastoquinone and tocopherols. Plastoglobules are often associated with thylakoid membranes, suggesting an exchange of lipids with thylakoids.


Fused-Smurf ubiquitin ligase complex

A ubiquitin ligase complex. In D. melanogaster, it regulates ubiquitination and proteolysis of the BMP receptor Thickveins in cystoblasts, potentially by controlling Tkv ubiquitination and degradation.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + O-demethylpuromycin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + puromycin.


5-formylcytosine dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-formylcytosine+ 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 5-carboxylcytosine + succinate + CO2.


citrate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + H2O + oxaloacetate = citrate + CoA.


citrate (Re)-synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + H2O + oxaloacetate = citrate + CoA, where the acetyl group is added to the re-face of oxaloacetate; acetyl-CoA provides the two carbon atoms of the pro-R carboxymethyl group.


modulation of relaxation of smooth muscle in another organism

The process in which an organism effects a change in the relaxation of smooth muscle in a second organism.


positive regulation of relaxation of uterine smooth muscle in another organism

The process in which an organism increases the extent of relaxation of smooth muscle in the uterus of a second organism.


modulation of relaxation of uterine smooth muscle in another organism

The process in which an organism effects a change in the relaxation of smooth muscle in the uterus of a second organism.


translation at presynapse, modulating chemical synaptic transmission

Translation that occurs at the presynapse, and that modulates chemical synaptic transmission.


negative regulation of glutathione peroxidase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutathione peroxidase activity.


negative regulation of tyrosinase activity

Any process that stops or reduces the activity of a tyrosinase enzyme.


negative regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity.


negative regulation of malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (NADP+) activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (NADP+) activity.


negative regulation of succinate dehydrogenase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of succinate dehydrogenase activity.


negative regulation of heme oxygenase activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency or rate of heme oxygenase activity.


negative regulation of cytokinin dehydrogenase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytokinin dehydrogenase activity.


negative regulation of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NAD(P)H) activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NAD(P)H) activity.


negative regulation of peroxidase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of peroxidase activity.


negative regulation of thioredoxin peroxidase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of thioredoxin peroxidase activity.


regulation of advanced glycation end-product receptor activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of advanced glycation end-product receptor activity.


negative regulation of advanced glycation end-product receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of advanced glycation end-product receptor activity.


coronal suture morphogenesis

The process in which the coronal suture is generated and organized.


cellular response to L-canavanine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-canavanine stimulus. L-canavanine is L-homoserine substituted at oxygen with a guanidino (carbamimidamido) group.


response to L-canavanine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-canavanine stimulus.


positive regulation of dentin-containing tooth bud formation by mesenchymal-epithelial signaling

Any process that initiates the formation of a tooth bud by the secretion of a signal from a mesenchymal cell and its reception and subsequent change in the identity of an epithelial cell of the tooth bud.


(S)-limonene 1,2-monooxygenase NADPH activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (4S)-limonene + NADPH+= + H+ + O2 = NADP+ + H2O + (4S)-limonene-1,2-epoxide.


Catalysis of the reaction: choline + O2 = betaine aldehyde + hydrogen peroxide.


D-nopaline dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N2-(D-1,3-dicarboxypropyl)-L-arginine + NADP+ + H2O = L-arginine + 2-oxoglutarate + NADPH.


mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in renal vesicle formation

A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the renal vesicle.


mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephric renal vesicle formation

A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the mesonephric renal vesicle.


mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis

A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity, forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the mesonephros.


The monomethylation of the N-terminal serine of proteins to form the derivative N-methylserine.


phosphonoacetate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphonoacetate, C2H4PO5, a substance composed of an acetate and a phosphonic acid residue.


cspyrone B1 biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cspyrone B1.


ecdysteroid 22-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an ecdysteroid + ATP = an ecdysteroid 22-phosphate + ADP + H+.


tartrate epimerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-tartrate = (2R,3S)-tartrate.


GTP cyclohydrolase II activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + 3 H2O = 2,5-diamino-6-hydroxy-4-(5-phosphoribosylamino)-pyrimidine + diphosphate + formate + 3 H+.


2-oxoglutarate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + CoA + oxidized ferredoxin = succinyl-CoA + CO2 + reduced ferredoxin.


(+)-2-epi-prezizaene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-cis,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate <=> (+)-2-epi-prezizaene + diphosphoric acid.


2-cis,6-cis-farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylallyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate <=> 2 diphosphate + (2Z,6Z)-farnesyl diphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanate = pyruvate + chloroacetaldehyde.


negative regulation of substance P receptor binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of substance P receptor binding.


Catalysis of the reaction 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA + H2O = 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate + CoA.


toluene oxidation via 4-hydroxytoluene

The degradation of toluene to form p-hydroxybenzoate; the first step in the pathway is the oxidation of toluene to form 4-hydroxytoluene (4-cresol).


toluene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene, a volatile monoaromatic hydrocarbon found in crude petroleum and petroleum products such as gasoline and commonly used as a paint thinning agent and in other solvent applications.


toluene oxidation to catechol

The formation from toluene of catechol, dihydroxybenzene, by successive oxidations followed by loss of carbon dioxide (CO2).


toluene oxidation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the loss of electrons from one or more atoms in toluene.


anaerobic toluene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene, a volatile monoaromatic hydrocarbon found in crude petroleum and petroleum products, that occur in the absence of oxygen.


toluene oxidation via 2-hydroxytoluene

The degradation of toluene to form pyruvate and acetaldehyde; the first step in the pathway is the oxidation of toluene to form 2-hydroxytoluene (o-cresol).


toluene oxidation via 3-hydroxytoluene

The degradation of toluene to form pyruvate and acetaldehyde; the first step in the pathway is the oxidation of toluene to form 3-hydroxytoluene (m-cresol).


toluene oxidation via toluene-cis-1,2-dihydrodiol

The degradation of toluene to form pyruvate and acetaldehyde; the first step in the pathway is the oxidation of toluene to form toluene-cis-1,2-dihydrodiol.


toluene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of toluene, a volatile monoaromatic hydrocarbon found in crude petroleum and petroleum products.


anaerobic toluene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of toluene, a volatile monoaromatic hydrocarbon found in crude petroleum and petroleum products, in the absence of oxygen.


regulation of amacrine cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of amacrine cell differentiation.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA + chloride + NADP+ = 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl-CoA + NADPH.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-sulfobenzoate + H+ + NADH + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD+ + sulfite.


alphaIIb-beta3 integrin-ICAM-4 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alphaIIb-beta3 integrin complex bound to the cell adhesion molecule ICAM-4.


negative regulation of androgen secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of androgen secretion.


negative regulation of defecation rhythm

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of defecation rhythm.


negative regulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion.


negative regulation of ecdysteroid secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of ecdysteroid.


negative regulation of substance P secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of substance P secretion.


negative regulation of histamine secretion by mast cell

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of histamine secretion by mast cell.


negative regulation of androstenedione secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of androstenedione secretion.


negative regulation of renal sodium excretion by angiotensin

The process in which angiotensin decreases the amount of sodium that is excreted in urine over a unit of time.


negative regulation of testosterone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of testosterone secretion.


negative regulation of glutamate secretion, neurotransmission

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate secretion, neurotransmission.


negative regulation of dehydroepiandrosterone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dehydroepiandrosterone secretion.


negative regulation of estradiol secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of estradiol secretion.


negative regulation of progesterone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of progesterone secretion.


negative regulation of activin secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of activin from a cell.


negative regulation of glycine secretion, neurotransmission

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glycine secretion, neurotransmission.


negative regulation of substance P secretion, neurotransmission

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of substance P secretion, neurotransmission.


negative regulation of corticosteroid hormone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of corticosteroid hormone secretion.


negative regulation of estrogen secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of estrogen secretion.


negative regulation of aldosterone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of aldosterone secretion.


negative regulation of aspartate secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of aspartate secretion.


negative regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropin-releasing hormone from a cell.


negative regulation of peptide hormone secretion

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the regulated release of a peptide hormone from secretory granules.


negative regulation of calcitonin secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcitonin secretion.


negative regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of parathyroid hormone secretion.


negative regulation of mineralocorticoid secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mineralocorticoid secretion.


negative regulation of inhibin secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of inhibin from a cell.


negative regulation of steroid hormone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of steroid hormone secretion.


negative regulation of estrone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of estrone secretion.


negative regulation of juvenile hormone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of juvenile hormone.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + anthranilate = N-methylanthranilate + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinose 5-phosphate + H2O + phosphoenolpyruvate = 8-phospho-3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate + 2 H+ + phosphate.


negative regulation of midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation.


unsaturated chondroitin disaccharide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-4-deoxy-Delta(4)-GlcpA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc6S + H2O = 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate + N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine 6-sulfate.


catagen

The regression phase of the hair cycle during which cell proliferation ceases, the hair follicle shortens, and an anchored club hair is produced.


hair cycle phase

The cyclical periods of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair; one of the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of an animal, and forming a covering for a part of the head or for any part or the whole of the body.


anagen

The growth phase of the hair cycle. Lasts, for example, about 3 to 6 years for human scalp hair.


exogen

The shedding phase of the hair cycle.


telogen

The resting phase of hair cycle.


1-undecene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1-undecene.


sphingoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingoids, any of a class of compounds comprising sphinganine and its homologues and stereoisomers, and derivatives of these compounds.


sphingosine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingosine (sphing-4-enine), trans-D-erytho-2-amino-octadec-4-ene-1,3-diol, a long chain amino diol sphingoid base that occurs in most sphingolipids in animal tissues.


phytosphingosine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytosphingosine, (2S,3S,4R)-2-aminooctadecane-1,3,4-triol, a constituent of many plant sphingolipids.


shikimate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving shikimate, (3R,4S,5R)--3,4,5-trihydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate, the anion of shikimic acid. It is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids.


shikimate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of shikimate, (3R,4S,5R)--3,4,5-trihydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate, the anion of shikimic acid.


heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process, linkage to polypeptide

The polymerization of one or more heparan sulfate chains via a xylose link onto serine residues in the core protein of a proteoglycan.


response to meiotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling

A process that acts directly to delay or stop progression through the cell cycle in response to signals generated as a result of meiotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling; contributes to a meiotic cell cycle checkpoint.


response to meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint signaling.


response to meiotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of meiotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling.


anaerobic phenylalanine oxidation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylalanine under anaerobic conditions; occurs via the intermediates phenylpyruvate and phenylacetaldehyde.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hercynylselenocysteine.


positive regulation of response to formic acid

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to formic acid.


regulation of response to formic acid

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to formic acid.


negative regulation of response to formic acid

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to formic acid.


transcription factor TFIIIE complex

A transcription factor complex that is involved in regulating transcription from RNA polymerase III (Pol III) promoters. TFIIIE contains a specific subset of ribosomal proteins.


positive regulation of vitamin metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body.


4-alpha-methyl-delta7-sterol oxidation

A lipid oxidation process proceeding through a series of three successive monooxygenations of the alpha methyl group on the C4 carbon (CH3 to CH2OH to CHO to COOH) and resulting in this overall reaction: 4-alpha-methyl-delta7-sterol + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ + 3 O2 = 4-alpha-carboxy,delta7-sterol + 3 NADP+ + 3 H2O.


regulation of protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity.


negative regulation of protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity.


lachrymatory factor synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-propenylsulfenate = propanethiol S-oxide.


negative regulation of gamma-delta T cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell proliferation.


negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation.


negative regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of resting T cell proliferation.


positive regulation of centriole-centriole cohesion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of centriole-centriole cohesion.


negative regulation of age-related resistance

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the extent of age-related resistance.


Catalysis of the reaction: sterigmatocystin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 7-O-methylsterigmatocystin + S-adenosyl-homocysteine.


propanediol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of propanediol, a sweet, colorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid with the formula CH3-CHOH-CH2OH.


propanediol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving propanediol, CH3-CHOH-CH2OH, a sweet, colorless, viscous, hygroscopic liquid used as an antifreeze, in brake fluid and as a humectant in cosmetics and personal care items.


anaerobic glycerol catabolic process to propane-1,3-diol

The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol into propane-1,3-diol and water.


negative regulation of epithelial cell-cell adhesion involved in epithelium migration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell-cell adhesion involved in epithelium migration.


regulation of epithelial cell-cell adhesion involved in epithelium migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell-cell adhesion involved in epithelium migration.


positive regulation of epithelial cell-cell adhesion involved in epithelium migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell-cell adhesion involved in epithelium migration.


telomere single strand break repair

Single strand break repair that takes place in a telomere.


nucleosomal methylation activator complex

A protein complex that contains eight subunits in common with the SWI/SNF complex, plus the ATPase BRG1 (SMARCA4) and the histone methyltransferase CARM1; the complex is involved in regulating nuclear receptor-dependent transcription.


negative regulation of meiotic chromosome separation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic chromosome separation.


posterior cibarial plate morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the posterior cibarial plate are generated and organized.


sarcinapterin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sarcinapterin.


sarcinapterin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving sarcinapterin.


NADPH-cytochrome-c2 reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADPH + H+ + 2 ferricytochrome c2 = NADP+ + 2 ferrocytochrome c2.


alkanesulfonate monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an alkanesulfonate + O2 + FMNH2 = an aldehyde + sulfite + H2O + FMN.


Catalysis of the reaction: pryrole-2-carboxylate + NADH + O2 + H+ = 5-hydroxypyrrole-2-carboxylate + NAD+ + H2O.


2-hydroxyisoflavanone synthase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: liquiritigenin + O2 + [reduced NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = 2,4',7-trihydroxyisoflavanone + H2O + [oxidized NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] and (2S)-naringenin + O2 + [reduced NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = 2,4',5,7-tetrahydroxyisoflavanone + H2O + [oxidized NADPH--hemoprotein reductase].


aflatoxin B synthase activity

Catalyzes the reaction: 8-O-methylsterigmatocystin + 2 [reduced NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + 2 O2 <=> aflatoxin B + 2 [oxidized NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O + methanol + CO2. Produces both aflatoxin B(1) and aflatoxin B(2).


alkanal monooxygenase (FMN-linked) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: R-CHO + reduced FMN + O2 = R-COOH + FMN + H2O + light.


uvaol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: uvaol + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> ursolic aldehyde + NADP + 2 H2O.


7-deoxyloganin 7-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7-deoxyloganin + O2 + reduced [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] = H+ + H2O + loganin + oxidized [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase].


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione + FMNH2 + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxy-9,10-secoandrosta-1,3,5(10)-triene-9,17-dione + FMN + H2O.


nitrilotriacetate monooxygenase activity (FMN-dependent)

Catalysis of the reaction: nitrilotriacetate + O2 + FMNH2 = ammoniodiacetate + 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion + H2O + FMN.


3-chloro THPH synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,6-trihydroxyphenylhexan-1-one + chloride + FADH2 + O2 = (3-chloro-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)hexan-1-one + FAD + H+ + 2 H2O.


2,5-diketocamphane 1,2-monooxygenase

Catalysis of the reaction: 1R,4R)-bornane-2,5-dione + FMNH2 + O2 = (1R,4R)-5-oxo-1,2-campholide + FMN + H+ + H2O.


pipecolic acid N-hydroxylase

Catalysis of the reaction: L-pipecolic acid + NAD(P)H + O2 + H+ = N-hydroxypipecolic acid + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


3,5 dichloro-THPH synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (3-chloro-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)hexan-1-one + chloride + FADH2 + O2 = (3,5-dichloro-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)hexan-1-one + FAD + 2 H2O.


very long-chain fatty acid omega-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an omega-methyl-very-long-chain fatty acid + O2 + reduced [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] = an omega-hydroxy-very-long-chain fatty acid + H+ + H2O + oxidized [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase]. A very long chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with an aliphatic tail of 22 or more carbons.


Catalysis of the reaction: (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate + FADH(2) + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + FAD + H+ + H2O.


germacrene A hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction:(+)-(R)-germacrene A + 3 O2 + 3 reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = germacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-oate + 4 H+ + 4 H2O + 3 oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase].


fatty acid omega-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an omega-methyl fatty acid + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = an omega-hydroxy fatty acid + H+ + H2O + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase].


7-deoxyloganate 7-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction:  7-deoxyloganate + O2 + reduced [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] = H+ + H2O +  loganate + oxidized [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase].


isoflavone 2'-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an isoflavone + O2 + reduced [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] = a 2'-hydroxyisoflavone + H+ + H2O + oxidized [NADPH-hemoprotein reductase].


Golgi cell precursor proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of neuroblasts that will give rise to Golgi cells. A Golgi cell is an inhibitory GABAergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex.


sarcosine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sarcosine.


AGA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AGA codon.


regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart valve morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cell proliferation that contributes to the shaping of a heart valve.


regulation of mRNA cap binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA cap binding.


regulation of chromatin binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin binding. Chromatin binding is the selective interaction with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase.


regulation of receptor binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a protein or other molecule binding to a receptor.


negative regulation of transferrin receptor binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transferrin receptor binding.


negative regulation of selenocysteine insertion sequence binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of selenocysteine insertion sequence binding.


negative regulation of apolipoprotein binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apolipoprotein binding.


regulation of small GTPase binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase binding.


regulation of actin binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin binding.


regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding.


regulation of ferrous iron binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ferrous iron binding.


regulation of C-C chemokine binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of C-C chemokine binding.


regulation of transferrin receptor binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transferrin receptor binding.


regulation of core promoter binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of core promoter binding.


negative regulation of C-C chemokine binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of C-C chemokine binding.


negative regulation of actin binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin binding.


regulation of selenocysteine insertion sequence binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of selenocysteine insertion sequence binding.


negative regulation of chemokine activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chemokine activity.


regulation of microtubule plus-end binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule plus-end binding.


regulation of GTP binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of GTP binding.


regulation of calcium ion binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion binding.


regulation of mRNA binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA binding.


negative regulation of growth hormone activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of growth hormone activity.


negative regulation of mRNA cap binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA cap binding.


regulation of microtubule minus-end binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule minus-end binding.


negative regulation of G-quadruplex DNA binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G-quadruplex DNA binding.


regulation of G-quadruplex DNA binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of G-quadruplex DNA binding.


regulation of single-stranded telomeric DNA binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding to single-stranded telomeric DNA.


regulation of chemokine activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chemokine activity.


regulation of actin filament binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament binding.


regulation of apolipoprotein binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apolipoprotein binding.


regulation of telomeric DNA binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of telomeric DNA binding.


regulation of triplex DNA binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of triplex DNA binding.


regulation of protein homodimerization activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein homodimerization, interacting selectively with an identical protein to form a homodimer.


negative regulation of mRNA binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA binding.


negative regulation of euchromatin binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of euchromatin binding.


regulation of substance P receptor binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of substance P receptor binding.


negative regulation of DNA replication origin binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication origin binding.


regulation of heparan sulfate binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heparan sulfate binding.


regulation of growth hormone activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of growth hormone activity.


negative regulation of small GTPase binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase binding.


regulation of double-stranded telomeric DNA binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of double-stranded telomeric DNA binding.


negative regulation of heparan sulfate binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of heparan sulfate binding.


negative regulation of polysome binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of polysome binding.


regulation of euchromatin binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of euchromatin binding.


regulation of collagen binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of collagen binding.


regulation of lipid binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid binding.


regulation of mRNA 3'-UTR binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA 3'-UTR binding.


regulation of guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity.


negative regulation of mRNA 3'-UTR binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA 3'-UTR binding.


regulation of protein heterodimerization activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein heterodimerization, interacting selectively with a nonidentical protein to form a heterodimer.


regulation of recombination hotspot binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of recombination hotspot binding.


negative regulation of ferrous iron binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ferrous iron binding.


negative regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding.


regulation of RNA polymerase I regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of RNA polymerase I regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding.


negative regulation of microtubule plus-end binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule plus-end binding.


regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding.


regulation of RNA binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of RNA binding.


negative regulation of triplex DNA binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of triplex DNA binding.


negative regulation of RNA polymerase I regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA polymerase I regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding.


dishabituation

The temporary recovery of response to a stimulus when a novel stimulus is added.


geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = (2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate.


D-allose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose.


3,8-divinyl protochlorophyllide a 8-vinyl reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: divinyl protochlorophyllide a + NADPH + H+ = monovinyl protochlorophyllide a + NADP+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate + UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate = adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate + H+ + UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4,6-disulfate.


CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell extravasation

The migration of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue.


CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell extravasation

The migration of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue.


T-helper 1 cell extravasation

The migration of a T-helper 1 cell from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue. A T-helper 1 cell is a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype T-bet-positive and produces interferon-gamma.


T-helper 17 cell extravasation

The migration of a T-helper 17 cell from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue.


clathrin-sculpted glutamate transport vesicle

A clathrin-sculpted lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicle after clathrin release and containing glutamate.


cellular response to streptomycin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a streptomycin stimulus. Streptomycin is a commonly used antibiotic in cell culture media which acts only on prokaryotes and blocks transition from initiation complex to chain elongating ribosome.


ABC-type quaternary ammonium compound transporting activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + quaternary ammonium(out) = ADP + H+ + phosphate + quaternary ammonium(in).


ABC-type glycine betaine transporter activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + glycine betaine(out) = ADP + phosphate + glycine betaine(in).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: (R)-carnitine(out) + 4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate(in) = (R)-carnitine(in) + 4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate(out).


glycine betaine-activated nonselective monoatomic cation channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a monoatomic cation by a channel that opens when glycine betaine has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


glycine betaine:proton symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glycine betaine(out) + H+(out) = glycine betaine(in) + H+(in).


quaternary ammonium group:proton symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: quaternary ammonium group(out) + H+(out) = quaternary ammonium group(in) + H+(in).


glycine betaine:sodium:chloride symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glycine betaine(out) + Na+(out) + Cl-(out)= glycine betaine(in) + Na+(in) + Cl-(in).


ATPase-coupled hydroxyectoine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + hydroxyectoine(out/in) = ADP + phosphate + hydroxyectoine(in/out).


N-methylnicotinate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of N-methylnicotinate from one side of a membrane to the other.


4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of 4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate from one side of a membrane to the other.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on iron-sulfur proteins as donors, dinitrogen as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an iron-sulfur protein acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces dinitrogen.


carbonyl sulfide nitrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: carbonyl sulfide + 2 H+ + 2 e- = hydrogen sulfide + carbon monoxide.


glucosylceramide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of glucose by a ceramide group. They are neutral glycolipids containing equimolar amounts of fatty acid, glucose, and sphingosine or a sphingosine derivative.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sulfate(out) + H+(out) = sulfate(in) + H+(in).


low-affinity sulfate:proton symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sulfate(out) + H+(out) = sulfate(in) + H+(in). In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.


high-affinity sulfate:proton symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sulfate(out) + H+(out) = sulfate(in) + H+(in). In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


high-affinity sulfate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the secondary active high affinity transfer of sulfate from one side of a membrane to the other. Secondary active transport is the transfer of a solute across a membrane, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind thesolute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


cobinamide phosphate guanylyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: adenosylcobinamide phosphate + GTP + 2 H+ = adenosylcobinamide-GDP + diphosphate.


peptidoglycan peptide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of peptidoglycan peptides from one side of a membrane to the other. Peptidoglycan peptides are the oligopeptides found in peptidoglycan networks which cross-link the polysaccharide chains.


gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 = 3-maleylpyruvate + H+.


adult somatic muscle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the adult somatic muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


lytic vacuole organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lytic vacuole.


6-hydroxynicotinate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-6-oxonicotinate + oxidized ferredoxin = 6-hydroxynicotinate + reduced ferredoxin.


thiocyanate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 2 H+ + thiocyanate = carbonyl sulfide + NH4.


response to methylphenidate

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methylphenidate stimulus.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + aminotriazole(in) = H+(in) + aminotriazole(out).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: L-glutamate(out) + H+(in) = L-glutamate(in) + H+(out).


Catalysis of the reaction: histidine(out) + histamine(in) = histidine(in) + histamine(out).


amino acid:monoatomic cation antiporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + monoatomic cation(in) = solute(in) + monoatomic cation(out). Monoatomic cations include H+, Mg2+, Ca2+, etc.


Catalysis of the reaction: aspartate(out) + alanine(in) = aspartate(in) + alanine(out).


Catalysis of the reaction: lysine(out) + cadaverine(in) = lysine(in) + cadaverine(out).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + L-alanine(in) = H+(in) + L-alanine(out).


bicarbonate:monoatomic anion antiporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(in) + HCO3-(out) = solute(out) + HCO3-(in).


Catalysis of the reaction: GTP(out) + GDP(in) = GTP(in) + GDP(out).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + acridine(in) = H+(in) + acridine(out).


Catalysis of the reaction: agmatine(out) + putrescine(in) = agmatine(in) + putrescine(out).


Catalysis of the reaction: tyrosine(out) + tyramine(in) = tyrosine(in) + tyramine(out).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + fluconazole(in) = H+(in) + fluconazole(out).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + benomyl(in) = H+(in) + benomyl(out).


metal cation:monoatomic cation antiporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + Na+(in) = solute(in) + Na+(out).


monoatomic ion antiporter activity involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential

Any ion antiporter activity, occurring in the presynaptic membrane, that is involved in regulation of presynaptic membrane potential.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + tetracycline(in) = H+(in) + tetracycline(out).


Catalysis of the reaction: arginine(out) + agmatine(in) = arginine(in) + agmatine(out).


urate:monoatomic anion antiporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: urate(out) + anion (in) = urate (in) + anion (out).


glutamate:gamma-aminobutyric acid antiporter activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glutamate(out) + gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) = glutamate(in) + gamma-aminobutyric acid(out).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: tartrate(out) + succinate(in) = tartrate(in) + succinate(out).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: citrate(out) + succinate(in) = citrate(in) + succinate(out).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: putrescine(out) + ornithine(in) = putrescine(in) + ornithine(out).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + cycloheximide(in) = H+(in) + cycloheximide(out).


Catalysis of the active transport of a potassium ion across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported in opposite directions in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy.


Enables the transport of L-aspartate and fumarate across a membrane according to the reaction L-aspartate (out) + fumarate (in) = L-aspartate (in) + fumarate (out).


calcium:monoatomic cation antiporter activity involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any calcium:cation antiporter activity that is involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration.


orotate:monoatomic anion antiporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: orotate(out) + anion (in) = orotate (in) + anion (out).


Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA(out) + CoA(in) = acetyl-CoA(in) + CoA(out).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + azole(in) = H+(in) + azole(out). Azoles are heterocyclic compounds found in many biologically important substances.


Catalysis of the reaction: arginine(out) + ornithine(in) = arginine(in) + ornithine(out).


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: succinate(out) + fumarate(in) = succinate(in) + fumarate(out).


regulation of photomorphogenesis

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of photomorphogenesis.


positive regulation of photomorphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of photomorphogenesis.


caudal ganglionic eminence cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of caudal ganglionic eminence cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


somal translocation

The radial migration of cells from the ventricular zone that is independent of radial glial cells. Cells extend processes that terminate at the pial surface and follow the processes as they migrate.


gamma-tubulin complex localization to cytoplasmic side of mitotic spindle pole body

Any process in which a gamma-tubulin complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location at the cytoplasmic side of the mitotic spindle pole body.


gamma-tubulin complex localization to nuclear side of mitotic spindle pole body

Any process in which a gamma-tubulin complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location at the nuclear side of the mitotic spindle pole body.


gamma-tubulin complex localization to mitotic spindle pole body

Any process in which a gamma-tubulin complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location at a mitotic spindle pole body.


adventurous gliding motility

A process involved in the controlled movement of a bacterial cell powered by the rearward secretion of carbohydrate slime.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,6-dihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA = 2 H+ + 2 e- + 6-oxo-2-hydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA.


detection of mechanical stimulus involved in magnetoreception

The series of events involved in magnetoception in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. The stimulus is in the form of torque on particles such as magnetite which respond to a magnetic field.


middle lamella

Layer of intercellular material, chiefly pectic substances, cementing together the primary walls of contiguous cells.


Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2,5,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalene + NAD+ = 1,2-dihydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene + NADH + H+.


host cell mitochondrial outer membrane

The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the host cell mitochondrial envelope.


host outer membrane

The external membrane of Gram-negative bacteria or certain organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts; freely permeable to most ions and metabolites, occurring in a host cell.


host cell nuclear outer membrane

The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the host nuclear envelope; continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum of the host cell and sometimes studded with ribosomes.


host cell outer membrane

A lipid bilayer that forms the outermost layer of the cell envelope, occurring in a host cell.


host organelle outer membrane

The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing in a cellular organelle, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope, occurring in a host cell.


cellular response to nonylphenol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nonylphenol stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: isoproturon + H2O = formaldehyde + monodemethylisoproturon + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


BtuCD complex

Protein complex involved in cobalamin (vitamin B12) transport through the plasma membrane. In E. coli, the complex is a tetramer and consists of the cytoplasmic ATPase BtuD homodimer together with the transmembrane BtuC homodimer.


euchromatin-nuclear membrane anchor activity

Binding to euchromatin and the nuclear inner membrane, in order to establish and maintain the euchromatin location and organization.


chromatin-nuclear membrane anchor activity

Binding to chromatin and the nuclear inner membrane, in order to establish and maintain the heterochromatin location and organization, or to enable equal segregation of the nuclear membrane during mitosis.


heterochromatin-nuclear membrane anchor activity

Binding to heterochromatin and the nuclear inner membrane, in order to establish and maintain the heterochromatin location and organization.


glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (ferredoxin) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + H2O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = 3-phospho-D-glycerate + 2 H+ + 2 reduced ferredoxin.


D-galactonate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-galactonate, the anion of D-galactonic acid.


aldonic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving aldonic acid, a monocarboxylic acid with a chain of three or more carbon atoms, derived from an aldose by oxidation of the aldehydic group.


galactonate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactonate, the anion of galactonic acid, an organic acid derived from the sugar galactose.


L-idonate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-idonate, the anion of idonic acid, an aldonic acid derived from L-idose, an aldohexose which is epimeric with D-glucose.


ketogluconate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ketogluconate, the anion of ketogluconic acid, an aldonic acid derived from glucose containing a ketonic carbonyl group.


galactonate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactonate, the anion of galactonic acid.


keto-D-gluconate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of keto-D-gluconate, the anion of keto-D-gluconic acid, an aldonic acid derived from glucose.


keto-D-gluconate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving keto-D-gluconate, the anion of keto-D-gluconic acid, an aldonic acid derived from glucose.


L-galactonate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-galactonate, the anion of L-galactonic acid.


ketogluconate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ketogluconate, the anion of ketogluconic acid, an aldonic acid derived from glucose containing a ketonic carbonyl group.


L-idonate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-idonate, the anion of idonic acid, an aldonic acid derived from L-idose, an aldohexose which is epimeric with D-glucose.


L-galactonate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-galactonate, the anion of L-galactonic acid.


D-gluconate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-gluconate, the anion of D-gluconic acid, the aldonic acid derived from glucose.


aldonic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aldonic acid, a monocarboxylic acid with a chain of three or more carbon atoms, derived from an aldose by oxidation of the aldehydic group.


D-galactonate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-galactonate, the anion of D-galactonic acid.


methylgallate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving methylgallate, trihydroxymethylbenzoate, the anion of methylgallic acid.


methylgallate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylgallate, trihydroxymethylbenzoate, the anion of methylgallic acid.


auxin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of auxins, a group of plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth.


indoleacetic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of indole-3-acetic acid, a compound which functions as a growth regulator in plants.


nucleoplasmic reticulum

Long, dynamic tubular channels, formed by invagination of the nuclear envelope, that extend deep into the nucleoplasm. The channels have an underlying lamina and are implicated in functioning in signaling and transport.


The acetylation of the N-terminal threonine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-threonine; catalyzed by peptide alpha-N-acetyltransferase.


tRNA wobble base lysidine biosynthesis

The process in which the carbonyl of cytosine at position 34 of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally replaced by lysine.


plasma membrane proton-transporting ATP synthase, catalytic core

The hexamer that possesses the catalytic activity of the plasma membrane hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase. Examples of this component are found in Bacterial species.


(R)-limonene 1,2-monooxygenase NADH activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (4R)-limonene + NADH + H+ + O2 = NAD+ + H2O + (4R)-limonene-1,2-epoxide.


(R)-limonene 1,2-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (4R)-limonene + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = NAD(P)+ + H2O + (4R)-limonene-1,2-epoxide.


(R)-limonene 1,2-monooxygenase NADPH activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (4R)-limonene + NADPH + H+ + O2 = NADP+ + H2O + (4R)-limonene-1,2-epoxide.


response to jasmonic acid stimulus involved in jasmonic acid and ethylene-dependent systemic resistance

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a jasmonic acid stimulus received in the context of the jasmonic acid- and ethylene (ethene)-dependent process that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease in response to wounding or a pathogen.


ventricular septum intermedium development

The progression of the ventricular septum intermedium over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


leucine N-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-leucine + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-L-leucine + CoA + H+.


pectic arabinogalactan I metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving pectic arabinogalactan I, an alpha-(1,4)-linked D-galactopyranose backbone that is substituted with alpha-l-Araf residues via the O-3 of the D-galactose residues. Arabinogalactan I can be found as a side chain of rhamnogalacturonan I.


rhamnogalacturonan I side chain metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the side chains of the pectin, rhamnogalacturonan I.


pectic arabinan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving pectic arabinan, a polymer with an alpha-(1->5)-linked L-arabinofuranose (Araf) backbone that can be substituted with Araf-alpha-(1->2)-, Araf-alpha-(1->3)-, and/or Araf-alpha-(1->3)-Araf-alpha-(1->3)-side chains. Arabinan can be found as a side chain of the pectin rhamnogalacturonan I.


pectic galactan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactan, a polymer of D-galactosyl units that can be found as a side chain of the pectin rhamnogalacturonan I.


citrate (pro-3S)-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: citrate = acetate + oxaloacetate.


pyruvate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + CoA + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: fructose-6-phosphate + diphosphate = phosphate + fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.


phosphofructokinase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a phosphofructose substrate molecule.


1-phosphofructokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-fructose 1-phosphate = ADP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.


negative regulation of cellooligosaccharide metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellooligosaccharide metabolic process.


regulation of cellooligosaccharide metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellooligosaccharide metabolic process.


positive regulation of cellooligosaccharide catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellooligosaccharide catabolic process.


positive regulation of cellooligosaccharide metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellooligosaccharide metabolic process.


negative regulation of cellooligosaccharide catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellooligosaccharide catabolic process.


regulation of cellooligosaccharide catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellooligosaccharide catabolic process.


DNA demethylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from one or more nucleosides within a DNA molecule.


nuclear matrix organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear matrix, the dense fibrillar network lying on the inner side of the nuclear membrane.


cell quiescence

A specialized resting state that cells enter in response to cues from the cell's environment. Quiescence is characterized by the absence of cell growth and division, by a reprogramming of global gene expression, and by changes characteristic of the organism and specific cell type. Depending on external conditions, quiescence may persist until cell death or cells may resume cell growth and division. In some cell types or under certain conditions, cellular metabolism may proceed.


sequence-specific DNA binding, bending

The activity of binding selectively and non-covalently to DNA in a sequence-specific manner and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence.


double-strand/single-strand DNA junction binding

Binding to a DNA segment that contains double-stranded DNA flanked by a region of single-stranded DNA.


cytosine/cytosine mispair binding

Binding to a double-stranded DNA region containing a C/C mispair.


O6-alkylguanine-DNA binding

Binding to an O6-alkylguanine adduct in DNA.


adenine/adenine mispair binding

Binding to a double-stranded DNA region containing an A/A mispair.


DNA insertion or deletion binding

Binding to a double-stranded DNA region containing an insertion or a deletion.


single adenine insertion binding

Binding to a double-stranded DNA region containing a single adenine insertion or a deletion that results in an unpaired adenine.


topological DNA co-entrapment activity

A DNA binding activity in which a protein complex interacts with more than one DNA duplex to encircle the DNA molecules with a loose fitting ring.


open form four-way junction DNA binding

Binding to a DNA segment containing the open form of a four-way junction, also known as a Holliday junction, a structure where two DNA double strands are held together by reciprocal exchange of two of the four strands, one strand each from the two original helices. The open form of a four-way junction can be diagrammed without any of the strands crossing over.


thymine/thymine mispair binding

Binding to a double-stranded DNA region containing a T/T mispair.


replication fork barrier binding

Binding to replication fork barriers, sites that inhibit the progress of replication forks.


double-stranded/single-stranded junction telomeric DNA binding

Binding to a junction formed at the point where double-stranded telomeric DNA becomes a single-stranded G-rich telomeric DNA 3' overhang.


RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding, bending

Binding to a specific upstream regulatory DNA sequence (transcription factor recognition sequence or binding site) located in cis relative to the transcription start site (i.e., on the same strand of DNA) of a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II, and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence.


DNA-DNA tethering activity

Bridging together two regions of a DNA molecule.


rDNA spacer replication fork barrier binding, bending

The activity of binding selectively, and in a sequence-specific manner, a replication fork barrier found in rDNA spacers, and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence.


guanine/guanine mispair binding

Binding to a double-stranded DNA region containing a G/G mispair.


C-rich strand telomeric DNA binding

Binding to C-rich, single-stranded, telomere-associated DNA.


chromatin loop anchoring activity

Bridging together two DNA loop anchors together, maintaining a chromatin loop.


GC-box binding

Binding to a GC-box, a DNA motif with the consensus sequence GGGCGG that is located upstream of the start point of eukaryotic transcription units. The GC-box may occur in multiple copies or in either orientation relative to the transcription start site.


rDNA spacer replication fork barrier binding

Binding to replication fork barriers found in rDNA spacers, sites that inhibit replication forks in the direction opposite to rDNA transcription.


5S rDNA binding

Binding to a 5S rDNA sequence, encoding ribosomal 5S rRNA, which is individually transcribed by RNA polymerase III, rather than by RNA polymerase I, in species where it exists.


template for synthesis of G-rich strand of telomere DNA activity

Provision of the template used by reverse transcriptase to synthesize the G-rich strand of telomeric DNA.


RNA polymerase III hybrid type promoter sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a sequence of DNA that is a part of a hybrid type promoter that controls transcription by RNA polymerase III (Pol III). A hybrid Pol III promoter contains both regulatory elements both upstream and downstream of the transcription initiation site. An example gene with such a promoter is the S. cerevisiae U6 gene.


promoter-terminator loop anchoring activity

Bridging together a cis-regulatory element and a terminator DNA sequences on the chromatin, holding two loop anchors together, maintaining a chromatin loop.


microsatellite binding

Binding to a microsatellite, a repeat_region in DNA containing repeat units (2 to 4 base pairs) that is repeated multiple times in tandem.


piRNA cluster binding

Binding to piRNA clusters, double-stranded DNA regions that give rise to PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs).


crossed form four-way junction DNA binding

Binding to a DNA segment containing the crossed form of a four-way junction, also known as a Holliday junction, a structure where two DNA double strands are held together by reciprocal exchange of two of the four strands, one strand each from the two original helices. The crossed form of a four-way junction cannot be diagrammed without any of the strands crossing over, and instead contains a single crossover between two of the strands.


adenine/cytosine mispair binding

Binding to a double-stranded DNA region containing an A/C mispair.


P-element binding

Binding to a P-element, a class of Drosophila transposon responsible for hybrid dysgenesis.


plastid promoter transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a DNA region that controls transcription by a plastid RNA polymerase. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors.


cytosine/thymine mispair binding

Binding to a double-stranded DNA region containing a C/T mispair.


RNA polymerase I transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a specific sequence of DNA that is part of a regulatory region that controls the transcription of a gene or cistron by RNA polymerase I.


5'-flap-structured DNA binding

Binding to a 5'-flap structure in DNA. A DNA flap structure is one in which a single-stranded 5'-end of DNA or RNA protrudes from a double-stranded DNA molecule. 5'-flap structures can be formed during DNA repair or lagging strand synthesis; in the latter case RNA flaps form from lagging strand RNA primers.


RNA polymerase III cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a specific upstream regulatory DNA sequence (transcription factor recognition sequence or binding site) located in cis relative to the transcription start site (i.e., on the same strand of DNA) of a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase III. The transcribed region might be contain a single gene or a cistron containing multiple genes.


piRNA dual-strand cluster binding

Binding to dual-strand piRNA clusters, double-stranded DNA regions that give rise to PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) where piRNAs originate from both DNA strands via noncanonical transcription.


juvenile hormone response element binding

Binding to a juvenile hormone response element (JHRE), a conserved sequence found in the promoters of genes whose expression is regulated in response to juvenile hormone.


tDNA binding

Binding to DNA sequences encoding transfer RNA.


piRNA uni-strand cluster binding

Binding to uni-strand piRNA clusters, double-stranded DNA regions that give rise to PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that map predominantly to only one strand and exhibit hallmarks of canonical Pol II transcription. Uni-strand piRNA clusters are found in many taxa.


DNA template activity

Binding to nucleic acid via hydrogen bonds between the bases of a gene product molecule and the bases of a target DNA molecule.


alkylated DNA binding

Binding to an alkylated residue in DNA.


blastoderm segmentation

The hierarchical steps resulting in the progressive subdivision of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo.


SCF-Grr1/Pof2 ubiquitin ligase complex

An SCF ubiquitin ligase complex in which the F-box protein is Grr1 in S. cerevisiae (Pof2 in S. pombe).


ecdysone 20-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + Ecdysone + O2 = 20-hydroxyecdysone + A + H2O.


glomerular basement membrane

biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The layer of extracellular matrix that lies between the endothelium of the glomerular capillaries and the podocytes of the inner or visceral layer of the Bowman capsule; it is a fusion of the endothelial cell and podocyte basal laminas and acts as a physical barrier and an ion-selective filter.


pronephric glomerular basement membrane

A glomerular basement membrane that is part of a pronephros.


negative regulation of brown fat cell proliferation

Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of brown fat cell proliferation.


xylan endo-1,3-beta-xylosidase activity

Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->3)-beta-D-glycosidic linkages in (1->3)-beta-D-xylans.


xylanase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of xylans, homopolysaccharides composed of xylose residues.


Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-xylosyl links in some glucuronoarabinoxylans.


endo-1,4-beta-xylanase activity

Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-xylosidic linkages in xylans.


xylan 1,3-beta-xylosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of successive xylose residues from the non-reducing termini of (1->3)-beta-D-xylans.


xylan 1,4-beta-xylosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-xylans so as to remove successive D-xylose residues from the non-reducing termini.


exoxylanase activity

A xylanase activity that acts on one of the ends of a xylan polymer which does not contain side chains.


establishment of myocardial progenitor cell apical/basal polarity

The specification and formation of the apicobasal polarity of an myocardial progenitor cell that contributes to the formation of the heart rudiment.


establishment of proximal/distal cell polarity

The specification and formation of the polarity of a cell along its proximal/distal axis.


imaginal disc-derived wing hair site selection

Determination of the site in the cell of an imaginal disc-derived wing at which a prehair initiates outgrowth. Restriction of prehair initiation to the distalmost part of a cell is essential to ensure that each wing epithelial cell produces one adult hair that points distally.


positive regulation of chaperone-mediated protein folding

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chaperone-mediated protein folding.


mitochondrial chromosome packaging

A process in which mitochondrial chromosomal DNA and associated proteins organize into a compact, orderly structure.


uridine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of uridine, uracil riboside, a ribonucleoside very widely distributed but occurring almost entirely as phosphoric esters in ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-coumarate + UDP-D-glucose = 4-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxycinnamate + UDP.


Mad-Max-mSin3B complex

A transcriptional repressor complex that contains a heterodimer of the bHLH-ZIP proteins Mad and Max, plus mSin3B, a homolog of the yeast Sin3p.


envenomation resulting in positive regulation of glucagon-like peptide receptor 1 activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant positive regulation of glucagon-like peptide receptor 1 activity in of the bitten organism.


envenomation resulting in modulation of receptor activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of receptor activity in of the bitten organism.


envenomation resulting in positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor activity in of the bitten organism.


envenomation resulting in positive regulation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant positive regulation of the activity of a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor in the bitten organism.


envenomation resulting in modulation of glucagon-like peptide receptor 1 activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of glucagon-like peptide receptor 1 activity in of the bitten organism.


envenomation resulting in modulation of G protein-coupled receptor activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of G protein-coupled receptor activity in of the bitten organism.


envenomation resulting in modulation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of the activity of a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor in the bitten organism.


cytokinin binding

Binding to a cytokinin, any of a class of adenine-derived compounds that can function in plants as growth regulators.


MAML3-RBP-Jkappa-ICN1 complex

A protein complex that consists of the intracellular domain of Notch1 (ICN1), the DNA-binding transcription factor RBP-Jkappa, and the transcriptional coactivator Mastermind-like-3 (MAML3); the complex is involved in transcriptional activation in response to Notch-mediated signaling.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of glucosidic link in 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside.


Catalysis of the reaction: cis-4-(8-hydroxypyren-7-yl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate = 10-oxabenzo(def)chrysen-9-one + formate + H+.


levopimaradiene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-copalyl diphosphate = abieta-8(14),12-diene + diphosphate.


cytokinin-activated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated by the binding of a cytokinin to a receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


negative regulation of xyloglucan catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of xyloglucan catabolic process.


regulation of xyloglucan metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of xyloglucan metabolic process.


positive regulation of xyloglucan metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of xyloglucan metabolic process.


regulation of xyloglucan catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of xyloglucan catabolic process.


positive regulation of xyloglucan catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of xyloglucan catabolic process.


negative regulation of xyloglucan metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of xyloglucan metabolic process.


endosome lysis involved in viral entry into host cell

Viral-induced lysis of the endosome involved in uptake of a virus into a host cell. Occurs after internalization of the virus through the endosomal pathway, and results in release of the viral contents from the endosome into the host cell cytoplasm.


lysis of host organelle involved in viral entry into host cell

The viral-induced lysis of an organelle (endosome, lysosome, or caveosome) that is involved in the uptake of a virus into a host cell. Occurs once the virus is within the organelle, and results in transfer of the viral contents from the organelle compartment into the cytoplasm.


macropinosome lysis involved in viral entry into host cell

Viral-induced lysis of the macropinosome involved in the uptake of a virus into a host cell. Occurs after internalization of the virus in a macropinosome, and results in the release of viral contents from the macropinosome into the host cell cytoplasm.


positive regulation of sterol biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a sterol biosynthetic process.


negative regulation of sterol biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a sterol biosynthetic process.