1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + [(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl](n) = UDP + [(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl](n+1).


envenomation resulting in occlusion of the pore of voltage-gated potassium channel in another organism

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant blocking of a voltage-gated potassium channel, inhibiting the pore's activity, in the bitten/stung organism.


24-methylenelophenol methyl oxidase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: 24-methylenelophenol + O2 + NADH + H+ <=> 4alpha-hydroxymethyl-ergosta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NAD + H2O.


molybdenum incorporation via L-cysteinyl molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide

The incorporation of molybdenum into a protein by L-cysteinyl molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide.


ABC-type sulfate transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + sulfate(out) = ADP + phosphate + sulfate(in).


specification of pronephric proximal tubule identity

The process in which the proximal tubule of the pronephric nephron acquires its identity.


Catalysis of the reaction: anthocyanidin 3,5-di-O-beta-D-glucoside + caffeoyl-CoA <=> pelargonidin-3,5-diglucoside-5-O-caffeoylglucoside + coenzyme A(4-).


positive regulation of conjugation with cellular fusion

Any process that increases the rate or frequency of conjugation with cellular fusion.


regulation of antipodal cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of antipodal cell differentiation.


T cell cytokine production

Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a T cell.


positive regulation of defecation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of defecation.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + isoorientin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+ + isoscoparin.


smooth septate junction assembly

The assembly of a smooth septate junction, a septate junction that lacks the regular arrays of electron-dense septae found in pleated septate junctions.


DNA-deoxyinosine glycosylase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of DNA and polynucleotides, releasing free hypoxanthine.


pectate lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a pectate = a pectate + a pectate oligosaccharide with 4-(4-deoxy-alpha-D-galact-4-enuronosyl)-D-galacturonate end. This reaction is the eliminative cleavage of pectate to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-alpha-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups at their non-reducing ends.


effector-mediated defense to host-produced reactive oxygen species

A process mediated by a molecule secreted by a symbiont that results in the suppression of reactive oxygen species produced by the host as part of its innate immune response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


mesonephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the mesonephric nephron tubule as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


alpha-ketoglutarate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + reduced acceptor = (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate + acceptor.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + O2 + NADH(2-) + H+ <=> 4alpha-hydroxymethyl-5alpha-cholesta-7,24-dien-3beta-ol + NAD(1-) + H2O.


chromatin extrusion motor activity

A DNA translocase activity that folds chromosomal DNA and catalytically extends the newly formed loop, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


detection of misfolded protein

The series of events in which a misfolded protein stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


gamma-delta T cell proliferation involved in immune response

The expansion of a gamma-delta T cell population by cell division as part of an immune response.


imaginal disc-derived appendage morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of appendages are generated and organized. An appendage is an organ or part that is attached to the trunk of an organism.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-(methylthio)benzothiazole + 1/2 O2 = 2-(methylsulfinyl)benzothiazole.


symmetric neuroblast division

The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a neuroblast into two equi-potent daughter cells.


gerfelin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving gerfelin.


induction by virus of host NF-kappaB cascade

Any process in which a virus starts, promotes, or enhances a host NF-kappaB cascade.


negative regulation of mechanosensory behavior

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mechanosensory behavior.


somatic diversification of immune receptors via germline recombination within a single locus

The process in which immune receptor genes are diversified through recombination of the germline genetic elements within a single genetic locus.


smooth muscle derived foam cell differentiation

The process in which a smooth muscle cell acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions.


flavonol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavonols, a member of a class of vascular pigments formed by consecutive oxidative processes from the flavonoid intermediates flavanones and dihydroflavonols. Flavonols are the most widespread of the flavonoids and have a wide array of physiological activities.


starch biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of starch, the most important reserve polysaccharide in plants.


multicellular organismal process

Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function.


mannonate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-mannonate = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O.


anthocyanin 5-O-glucoside 6'''-O-malonyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: malonyl-CoA + pelargonidin 3-O-(6-caffeoyl-beta-D-glucoside) 5-O-beta-D-glucoside = CoA + 4'''-demalonylsalvianin.


ATPase-coupled nonpolar-amino acid transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + nonpolar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + nonpolar amino acid(in).


bulbus arteriosus morphogenesis

The process in which the bulbus arteriosus is generated and organized. The bulbus arteriosus is an elastic cardiac chamber.


S-acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to a sulfur atom on the acceptor molecule.


Catalysis of the reaction: ADP + D-fructose 6-phosphate = AMP + D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.


tetrahydroberberine oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-tetrahydroberberine + 2 O2 = berberine + 2 H2O2.


regulation of pupariation

Any process that modulates the onset of pupariation.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-nona-2,4-dienoate + H2O = butyrate + 2-oxopent-4-enoate + H+.


amylosucrase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sucrose + 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) = D-fructose + 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl(n+1).


response to paraquat

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a paraquat stimulus.


ribonuclease F activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA precursor into two, leaving 5'-hydroxy and 3'-phosphate groups.


modified amino acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of modified amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-isopropylacetanilide + 1/2 O2 = acetanilide + acetone.


regulation of inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus.


gibberellin A9,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A9 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 <=> gibberellin A51 + succinate + carbon dioxide.


butirosin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of butirosin.


L-lysine catabolic process using lysine 6-aminotransferase

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including alpha-aminoadipate; in this pathway, L-lysine is converted to 2-aminoadipate-6-semialdehyde by lysine 6-aminotransferase.


positive regulation of formation by symbiont of haustorium for nutrient acquisition from host

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont haustorium formation for nutrient acquisition from host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


positive regulation of mating type switching

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mating type switching.


phthiocerol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phthiocerol, a lipid-based 1,3-glycol consisting of (3S,4R)-3-methoxy-4-methylnonacosane having (9R)- and (11S)-hydroxy substituents.


trans-synaptic signaling by nitric oxide

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse mediated by nitric oxide.


novobiocin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving novobiocin, a coumarin antibiotic produced by the bacterium Gyrasestreptomyces spheroides, that acts by inhibiting DNA gyrase.


mesonephric renal vesicle morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the mesonephric renal vesicle are generated and organized. The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the mesonephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells.


2,4-dichloroaniline reductive dehalogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichloroaniline + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 4-chloroaniline + HCl.


type I site-specific deoxyribonuclease activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA to give random double-stranded fragments with terminal 5' or 3' protrusions, driven by ATP hydrolysis. Cleavage is dependent on the presence in the DNA of a specific recognition site. Cleavage may occur hundreds or thousands of base pairs away from the recognition site due to translocation of DNA.


regulation of ductus arteriosus closure

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ductus arteriosus closure.


long-chain fatty acid [acyl-carrier-protein] ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + an acid + [acyl-carrier protein] = AMP + diphosphate + acyl-[acyl-carrier protein]. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with an aliphatic tail of 13 to 21 carbons.


activated T cell autonomous cell death

A T cell apoptotic process that occurs towards the end of the expansion phase following the initial activation of mature T cells by antigen via the accumulation of pro-apoptotic gene products and decrease in anti-apoptotic gene products.


regulation of maltotriulose transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of maltotriulose transport.


type IV hypersensitivity

An inflammatory response driven by T cell recognition of processed soluble or cell-associated antigens leading to cytokine release and leukocyte activation.


Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + NADPH + H+ + 3-hydroxy-2-methylpyridine-5-carboxylate = NADP+ + 2-(acetamidomethylene)succinate.


regulation of male germ cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of male germ cell proliferation.


eggshell chorion gene amplification

Amplification by up to 60-fold of the loci containing the chorion gene clusters. Amplification is necessary for the rapid synthesis of chorion proteins by the follicle cells, and occurs by repeated firing of one or more origins located within each gene cluster.


negative regulation of phospholipid efflux

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipid efflux.


regulation of embryonic pattern specification

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic pattern specification.


dethiobiotin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of dethiobiotin from one side of a membrane to the other.


maturation of 4.5S rRNA

Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor 4.5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature 4.5S rRNA molecule.


citrazinate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: citrazinate + H2O = cis-aconitamide.


TDP biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of TDP, ribosylthymine diphosphate.


protein-phycourobilin linkage

The linkage of the chromophore phycourobilin to phycoerythrins.


paramyosin filament assembly or disassembly

The formation or disassembly of a filament composed of paramyosin molecules.


cellular metabolic compound salvage

Any process which produces a useful metabolic compound from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis, as carried out by individual cells.


rRNA 2'-O-ribose methylation guide activity

Specifies the site of 2'-O-ribose methylation in an rRNA molecule by base pairing with a short sequence around the target residue.


regulation of establishment of Sertoli cell barrier

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of Sertoli cell barrier.


sulfur amino acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids containing sulfur, comprising cysteine, homocysteine, methionine and selenocysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III + benzoyl-CoA = 10-deacetylbaccatin III + CoA.


primary active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is powered by a primary energy source. Primary energy sources known to be coupled to transport are chemical such as ATP hydrolysis, redox energy and photon energy.


neuron migration involved in dendrite retrograde extension

The directed, self-propelled movement of a neuron that contributes to the process of retrograde extension of a dendrite.


detection of hydrogen ion

The series of events in which a hydrogen ion stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


RNA trimethylguanosine cap binding

Binding to the trimethylguanosine (m(3)(2,2,7)-GTP) group located at the 5' end of some RNA molecules. Such trimethylated cap structures, generally produced by posttranscriptional modification of a 7-methylguanosine cap, are often found on snRNAs and snoRNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II, but have also be found on snRNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase III. They have also been found on a subset of the mRNA population in some species, e.g. C. elegans.


acrolein reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acrolein + NADPH + H+ <=> propanal + NADP.


D-lysine transaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-lysine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate + 6-amino-2-oxohexanoate.


Catalysis of the reaction: aminodeoxyfutalosinate + H2O <=> dehypoxanthine futalosine + adenine.


virus baseplate assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a virus baseplate.


FMN catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of FMN, riboflavin 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate), a coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH dehydrogenase.


axial mesodermal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an axial mesoderm cell.


epothilone metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving epothilone, a drug obtained from the myxobacteria Sporangium cellulosum that interferes with cell division. Some epothilones are being studied as treatments for cancer.


imaginal disc-derived genitalia morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of genitalia are generated and organized from the genital imaginal disc.


tricyclene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate(3-) <=> tricyclene + diphosphoric acid.


negative regulation of receptor localization to synapse

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of receptor localization to synapse.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + 2 H+ = 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.


Catalysis of the reaction: trans-zeatin + UDP-D-glucose = O-beta-D-glucosyl-trans-zeatin + H+ + UDP.


positive regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of resting T cell proliferation.


regulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of plasmacytoid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation.


cellular response to topoisomerase inhibitor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a topoisomerase inhibitor stimulus.


aspyridone A metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving aspyridone A.


anaerobic respiration, using ammonium as electron donor

The oxidation of ammonium (NH4) to nitrogen (N2) in the absence of oxygen, using nitrite (NO2) as the electron acceptor. It is suggested that hydroxylamine and ammonium are combined to yield hydrazine, which is subsequently oxidized to N2.


ergosteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ergosteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside.


negative regulation of cyclase activity

Any process that stops or reduces the activity of a cyclase.


zymogen activation in another organism

The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the proteolytic processing of an inactive enzyme to an active form in another organism.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phosphonopyruvate + 2 H+ = CO2 + phosphonoacetaldehyde.


inositol 1-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + myo-inositol = 1D-1-O-methyl-myo-inositol + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


sulcatone reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + sulcatol = H+ + NADH + sulcatone.


camalexin binding

Binding to camalexin.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(phosphonooxy)-threonine + NAD+ = 2-amino-3-oxo-4-phosphonooxybutyrate + NADH + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-leucyl-tRNA(Leu) + N-terminal L-arginyl-[protein] = H+ + N-terminal L-leucyl-L-arginyl-[protein] + tRNA(Leu). Can also transfer the leucyl residue on an N-terminal L-lysyl residue.


trans assembly of SL-containing precatalytic spliceosome

Assembly of a spliceosomal complex containing the SL RNA and the pre-mRNA to be joined, as well as all the spliceosomal snRNPs involved in trans leader splicing. Formation of the trans leader spliceosome brings together the quadruple SL/U4/U5/U6 snRNP and the complex of the U2 snRNP with the splice site of the pre-mRNA.


organomercury catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organomercury compounds, any organic compound containing a mercury atom.


manoyl oxide synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 8-hydroxycopalyl diphosphate = (13R)-manoyl oxide + diphosphate.


pyridine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyridine, a nitrogenous base (C5H5N) obtained from the distillation of bone oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor.


maintenance of alignment of postsynaptic density and presynaptic active zone

The process by which alignment between postsynaptic density and presynaptic active zone is maintained.


embryo sac central cell differentiation

The process in which the two uncellularized polar nuclei cellularize, fuse and acquire the specialized features of a mononucleate diploid central cell.


trigeminal sensory nucleus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the trigeminal sensory nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


regulation of determination of dorsal identity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of determination of dorsal identity.


metanephric juxtaglomerular apparatus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is an anatomical structure which consists of juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells and the macula densa. The juxtaglomerular apparatus lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function by maintaining the blood flow to the kidney and the filtration rate.


regulation of cell adhesion involved in intussusceptive angiogenesis

The process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a blood vessel endothelial cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix involved in intussusceptive angiogenesis.


arachidonic acid metabolite production involved in inflammatory response

The synthesis or release of products of arachidonic acid metabolism following a stimulus as part of an inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in their intracellular or extracellular levels.


formaldehyde assimilation

The pathways in which formaldehyde is processed and used as a carbon source for the cell.


positive regulation of plant-type hypersensitive response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the hypersensitive response in a plant.


glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD+] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + sn-glycerol 1-phosphate = dihydroxyacetone phosphate + H+ + NADH.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,4-trimethylpentanoyl-CoA = 2,4,4-trimethylpent-2-enoyl-CoA + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


positive regulation of iron export across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of export of iron ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->4)-alpha-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-6-methylthiohexanoate + acetyl-CoA + H2O <=> H+ + 2-(4'-methylthio)butylmalate + coenzyme A.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + H2O + NADP+ = 4-(dimethylamino)phenylazoxybenzene + H+ + NADPH.


regulation of olfactory learning

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of olfactory learning. Olfactory learning is any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs in response to (repeated) exposure to an olfactory cue.


intranuclear rod assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an intranuclear rod.


latent virus replication

Any process required for latent viral replication in a cell.


diacetylchitobiose deacetylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N,N'-diacetylchitobiose (GlcNac2) + H2O = acetate + 2-acetamido-4-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-D-glucose (GlcN-GlcNAc).


Catalysis of the reaction: testosterone + donor-H2 + O2 = 15-alpha-hydroxytestosterone + H2O.


regulation of developmental vegetative growth

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of developmental vegetative growth.


chemoattraction of branchiomotor axon

The process in which a branchiomotor neuron growth cone is directed to a specific target site in response to an attractive chemical signal. Branchiomotor neurons are located in the hindbrain and innervate branchial arch-derived muscles that control jaw movements, facial expression, the larynx, and the pharynx.


disruption of host I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade

Any process that interferes with host NF-kappaB-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to (R)-carnitine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an (R)-carnitine stimulus.


response to pulsatile fluid shear stress

Any response to fluid shear stress where the fluid is flowing across a solid surface with periodic variations. For example, the endothelium in straight parts of the artery tree is subjected to pulsatile shear stress with a significant forward direction, which is believed to be an important physiological stimulus enhancing vessel compliance and conferring anti-thrombotic, anti-adhesive, and anti-inflammatory effects.


(S)-6-hydroxynicotine oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-6-hydroxynicotine + H2O + O2 = 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + H2O2.


capsanthin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of capsanthin.


homomethionine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of homomethionine, a non-protein amino acid synthesized from methionine via chain elongation.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyldiphosphoundecaprenol + UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine = N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosaminyl-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyldiphosphoundecaprenol + UDP.


ureidoglycolate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-ureidoglycolate + H2O + 2 H+ = CO2 + glyoxylate + 2 NH4.


cellular response to cobalamin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cobalamin (vitamin B12) stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonate + O2 = H+ + (Z)-4-(2-hydroxy-5-sulfonatophenyl)-2-oxo-3-butenoate.


aspartate ammonia-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate = fumarate + NH3.


positive regulation of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation.


organophosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the biosynthesis of deoxyribose phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 2-deoxy-erythro-pentose.


D-ribose 5-phosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-ribose 5-phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + coniferyl aldehyde = H+ + coniferaldehyde glucoside + UDP.


reproductive blastospore formation

The formation of a spore following the marked enlargement of part of a cell before separation by a septum. Blastospores are a type of asexual spore found in some fungi, most notably the class Glomeromycota.


regulation of NK T cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell proliferation.


colanic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving colanic acid, a capsular bacterial polysaccharide composed of glucose, galactose, fucose and glucuronic acid residues.


negative regulation of gastric emptying

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of any gastric emptying process, the process in which the liquid and liquid-suspended solid contents of the stomach exit through the pylorus into the duodenum.


Catalysis of the reaction: (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate = 2-carboxybenzaldehyde + pyruvate.


arogenate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arogenate = L-phenylalanine + H2O + CO2.


primary sex determination, germ-line

The transmission of information about sexual status, from the initial general determination, to signals specific to the germ-line.


DCT cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a distal convoluted tubule cell.


trachea submucosa development

The progression of the trachea submucosa over time from its formation to the mature structure. The trachea submucosa is made up of the glands and elastic tissue that lie under the mucosa in the trachea.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol + NADP+ = 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde + H+ + NADPH.


Catalysis of the reaction: heteroglycan + GDP-mannose = alpha-D-mannosylheteroglycan + GDP.


Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + scytalone = NADPH + H+ + 1,3,6,8-naphthalenetetrol.


regulation of gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gibberellic acid mediated signaling.


regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle hypertrophy.


meiotic anaphase I

The cell cycle phase during which chromosomes separate and migrate towards the poles of the spindle the as part of meiosis I.


linoleate 8R-lipoxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + linoleate = (8R,9Z,12Z)-8-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,12-dienoate.


phosphatidylcholine desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: An oleoyl-[glycerolipid] + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = a linoleoyl-[glycerolipid] + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O.


hepatocyte growth factor production

The appearance of hepatocyte growth factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


glutathione derivative catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutathione derivative.


envenomation resulting in vasodilation in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with resultant vasodilation of blood vessels, usually causing a reduction in blood pressure, in the bitten/stung organism.


interphase mitotic telomere clustering

The process whereby the mitotic telomeres are gathered together during, or prior to, attachment to the nuclear envelope.


AUU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AUU codon.


formation of specialized structure for nutrient acquisition

The assembly of a symbiotic cellular or anatomical structure for the purpose of obtaining nutrients from its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


pronuclear envelope synthesis

Synthesis and ordering of the envelope of pronuclei.


central tolerance induction to nonself antigen

Tolerance induction to nonself antigens in the central lymphoid organs.


xanthine DNA N-glycosylase activity

DNA N-glycosylase activity acting on deaminated guanine (xanthine).


meiosis II cell cycle phase

A meiotic cell cycle phase that occurs after meiosis I (the first meiotic nuclear division).


ochratoxin A metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ochratoxin A.


anterior lateral line neuromast cupula development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anterior lateral line neuromast cupula over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cupula is secreted by mantle cells and the ciliary bundles of all of the hair cells of the neuromast are embedded in it. The cupula provides a mechanical linkage between the hair cells and the external hydrodynamic environment. The cupula of superficial neuromasts grows continuously, while the height of the cupula of canal neuromasts is limited by canal diameter.


strombine dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-(carboxymethyl)-D-alanine + H2O + NAD+ = glycine + H+ + NADH + pyruvate.


organic phosphonate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphonates, any organic compounds containing one or more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups. Metabolism of phosphonic acid itself, an inorganic compound without the biochemically relevant C-P bond, is not included.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.


mannogen biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannogen, a mannose-containing polysaccharide that is a major energy reserve in Leishmania.


regulation of cartilage condensation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cartilage condensation.


phytochromobilin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytochromobilin, the linear tetrapyrrole chromophore required for plant phytochrome photoactivity.


tooth placode formation

The developmental process in which the tooth placode forms. A tooth placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the tooth bud.


interleukin-18 production

The appearance of interleukin-18 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


T cell tolerance induction in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue

Tolerance induction taking place in the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) mediated by T cells.


2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide a dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide a = bacteriochlorophyllide a + 2 H+.


2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate = 2-oxopent-4-enoate + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin-3-glucoside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) <=> quercetin-3-gentiobioside + UDP.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxopent-3-ene-1,2,5-tricarboxylate = 2-oxohept-3-enedioate + CO2.


modulation by symbiont of indole acetic acid levels in host

The alteration by an organism of the levels of indole acetic acid in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


generation of mature 3'-end of 5S rRNA generated by RNA polymerase III

The removal of extra uridine residues from the 3' end of a 5S pre-rRNA generated by transcription by RNA polymerase III to generate the mature 3'-end.


NAD+-histone H2BE18 glutamate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of ADP-ribose groups to the glutamate-18 residue of histone H2B (or an equivalent residue).


fructosyl-amino acid oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: fructosyl-amino acid + O2 = corresponding amino acid + glucosone + H2O2.


regulation of cell proliferation involved in kidney development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in kidney development.


red or far-red light photoreceptor activity

The function of absorbing and responding to electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of approximately 660-730nm. The response may involve a change in conformation.


alpha-copaene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate <=> alpha-copaene + diphosphoric acid.


regulation of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration.


ABC-type tungstate transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + tungstate(in) = ADP + phosphate + tungstate(out).


regulation of polysaccharide metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving polysaccharides.


trigeminal nerve maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the trigeminal nerve to attain its fully functional state. The trigeminal nerve is composed of three large branches. They are the ophthalmic (V1, sensory), maxillary (V2, sensory) and mandibular (V3, motor and sensory) branches. The sensory ophthalmic branch travels through the superior orbital fissure and passes through the orbit to reach the skin of the forehead and top of the head. The maxillary nerve contains sensory branches that reach the pterygopalatine fossa via the inferior orbital fissure (face, cheek and upper teeth) and pterygopalatine canal (soft and hard palate, nasal cavity and pharynx). The motor part of the mandibular branch is distributed to the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric. The mandibular nerve also innervates the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles. The sensory part of the mandibular nerve is composed of branches that carry general sensory information from the mucous membranes of the mouth and cheek, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, lower teeth, skin of the lower jaw, side of the head and scalp and meninges of the anterior and middle cranial fossae.


amine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom.


pollen-pistil interaction

The interaction between a pollen grain and pistil.


rhamnogalacturonan endolyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a rhamnogalacturonan type I <=> [rhamnogalacturonan I oligosaccharide]-alpha-L-rhamnose + 4-deoxy-4,5-unsaturated D-galactopyranosyluronate-[rhamnogalacturonan I oligosaccharide].


oxoacid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any oxoacid; an oxoacid is a compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons).


teichoic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of teichoic acid, any polymer occurring in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria and containing chains of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate residues.


swim bladder morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the swim bladder is generated and organized. The swim bladder is used by some fishes to maintain buoyancy and may function in addition as a sound producing organ, a sound receptor, and a respiratory organ.


Binding to beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-D-Glc.


D-octopine dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N2-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-L-arginine + NAD+ + H2O = L-arginine + pyruvate + NADH.


renal vasodilation of the peripheral vascular system involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

The renal process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system, by vasodilation of the peripheral vascular system.


embryonic pelvic fin morphogenesis

The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the pelvic fin are generated and organized. The pelvic fins are bilaterally paired fins mounted in a ventral-lateral position on most fish. These fins are used primarily for lateral mobility and propulsion.


plastid fission

The creation of two or more plastids by division of one plastid. A plastid is any member of a family of organelles found in the cytoplasm of plants and some protists, which are membrane-bounded and contain DNA.


neural fold folding

The process of folding the neuroepithelium around the medial hinge point to create the neural elevations, and around the lateral hinge points to produce convergence of the folds.


cytoplasmic actin-based contraction involved in forward cell motility

The actin filament-based movement by which cytoplasmic actin filaments slide past one another resulting in a contraction that propels the cell in the direction that has been defined as the front of the cell.


luteal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a luteal cell. Large luteal cells develop from granulosa cells. Small luteal cells develop from theca cells.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide, an acylanide herbicide widely used to protect corn, onion, cabbage, rose bushes, and ornamental plants.


positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation of polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II.


peptide lactyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (L-lysyl-[protein] + lactoyl-CoA = CoA + H+ + N(6)-lactoyl-L-lysyl-[protein].


cellular response to chloramphenicol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chloramphenicol stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: 30-hydroxy-beta-amyrin + O2 + NADPH + H+ <=> 11alpha,30-dihydroxy-beta-amyrin + H2O + NADP.


eosinophil activation involved in immune response

The change in morphology and behavior of a eosinophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


positive regulation of copper ion transmembrane transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of copper ion transmembrane transport.


Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + 3-hydroxy-1H-quinolin-4-one = carbon monoxide + N-formylanthranilate.


anaerobic ethylbenzene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ethylbenzene, a benzene derivative with an ethyl group attached to the ring, which occurs in the absence of oxygen.


L-carnitine CoA-transferase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: (E)-4-(trimethylammonio)but-2-enoyl-CoA + L-carnitine = (E)-4-(trimethylammonio)but-2-enoate + L-carnitinyl-CoA and 4-trimethylammoniobutanoyl-CoA + L-carnitine = 4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + L-carnitinyl-CoA.


type I interferon production

The appearance of type I interferon due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.


ADP-riboxanase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginyl-[protein] + NAD+ = ADP-riboxanated L-argininyl-[protein] + H+ + NH4(+) + nicotinamide.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H2O = N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H+.


ribulokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L(or D)-ribulose = ADP + L(or D)-ribulose 5-phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 9,15,9'-tricis-zeta-carotene = 9,9'-dicis-zeta-carotene.


ecdysis, collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle

The shedding of the old collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle fragments during the molting cycle. Examples of this process are found in invertebrates.


amino acid catabolic process to alcohol via Ehrlich pathway

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce alcohols with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of alcohols, often collectively referred to as fusel alcohols. Depending on the redox state of the cells, carboxylic acid derivatives may be produced instead of alcohols.


methanol oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + methanol = H2O2 + formaldehyde.


regulation of single-species biofilm formation in or on host organism

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of single-species biofilm formation in or on host organism.


L-arabinose catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.


inductive cell migration

Migration of a cell in a multicellular organism that, having changed its location, is required to induce normal properties in one or more cells at its new location. An example of this would be the distal tip cells of Caenorhabditis elegans.


brassinolide synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + castasterone + NADPH + O2 <=> brassinolide + NADP + H2O.


biological regulation

Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function.


salicin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of salicin (saligenin-beta-D-glucopyranoside), a glucoside of o-hydroxybenzylalcohol, from one side of a membrane to the other.


phenanthrene 1,2-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene + O2 + NADH + H+ = H2O + NAD+ + phenanthrene-1,2-oxide.


protein localization to spore cell wall

A process in which a protein is transported, tethered to or otherwise maintained in a spore cell wall.


neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any neurotransmitter receptor activity that is involved in regulating the concentration of calcium in the presynaptic cytosol.


plasmacytoid dendritic cell chemotaxis

The movement of a plasmacytoid dendritic cell in response to an external stimulus.


regulation of thymocyte aggregation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of thymocyte aggregation.


flavanone 4-reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (2S)-flavan-4-ol + NADP+ = (2S)-flavanone + NADPH.


regulation of anthocyanin catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anthocyanin catabolic process.


delphinidin 3-O-glucoside 5-O-glucosyltransferase (vanilloyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: delphinidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside + 1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose <=> delphinidin 3,7-di O-beta-D-glucoside + vanillate + H+.


membrane macromolecule biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule destined to form part of a membrane in a cell.


D-allose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose.


neural crest-derived cardiac fibroblast cell fate commitment

The commitment of neural crest cells to a cardiac fibroblast fate and their capacity to differentiate into cardiac fibroblast cells. A cardiac fibroblast is a connective tissue cell in the heart which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.


response to anticoagulant

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an anticoagulant stimulus.


regulation of activin secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of activin from a cell.


cell-cell signaling involved in kidney development

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature organ.


thick ascending limb development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thick ascending limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thick ascending limb is the last part of the loop of Henle. Its thick, mitochondria-rich epithelium characterizes the outer medulla, and is responsible for very avid active salt transport. At the macula densa, the thick ascending limb connects to the distal convoluted tubule.


detection of electrical stimulus involved in magnetoreception

The series of events that contribute to magnetoception in which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. The stimulus is in the form of an induced electric field resulting from movement in a magnetic field.


ganglion morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of ganglion are generated and organized.


lymphocyte mediated immunity

Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a lymphocyte.


modulation by symbiont of host Rho protein signal transduction

Any process in which a symbiont organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction in its host organism.


peptidyl-threonine O-acetylation

The acetylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-acetyl-L-threonine.


deacetylisoipecoside synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: deacetylisoipecoside + H2O = dopamine + secologanin.


determination of wing disc primordium

Allocation of embryonic cells to the wing disc founder populations, groups of cells that are committed to contribute to the formation of a wing imaginal disc.


glycosyl compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosyl compound.


Golgi apparatus mannose trimming

Any protein alpha-1,2-demannosylation that takes place in the Golgi apparatus.


modulation by virus of host catalytic activity

The process in which a virus effects a change in host enzyme activity.


L-2-hydroxycarboxylate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(1-) + a (2S)-2-hydroxycarboxylate <=> NADH(2-) + H+ + a 2-oxo carboxylate.


positive regulation of axial mesodermal cell fate determination

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axial mesoderm cell fate determination.


regulation of angioblast cell migration involved in selective angioblast sprouting

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of angioblast cell migration involved in selective angioblast sprouting.


response to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid stimulus.


positive regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cilium-dependent cell motility.


2,5-diamino-6-ribitylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5'-phosphate deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one + H2O = 5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil + ammonia.


plant-type cell wall loosening involved in abscission

Any plant-type cell wall loosening that is involved in abscission.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methylene-3-methylsuccinate = dimethylmaleate.


2-hydroxyglutarate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxylate + H2O + propanoyl-CoA = 2-hydroxyglutarate + CoA + H+.


positive regulation of salivary gland formation by mesenchymal-epithelial signaling

Any process that induces the formation of the salivary gland field by means of the secretion of a signal by a mesenchymal cell and its reception and interpretation by an epithelial cell resulting in it adopting the identity of a salivary gland bud cell.


curcumin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the polyphenol, curcumin.


viral release from host cell by cytolysis

The dissemination of mature viral particles from a host cell by the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm.


hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-mevalonate + CoA + 2 NAD+ <=> 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 2 NADH.


perturbation by symbiont of host actin cytoskeleton

The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host actin cytoskeleton. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


alginate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-D-mannuronate + alginate(n) = GDP + alginate(n+1).


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 2'-(5''-triphosphoribosyl)-3'-dephospho-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A.


regulation of leaf morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leaf morphogenesis.


lanosterol O-acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + lanosterol = CoA + lanosterol ester.


disruption of host calcium or calmodulin-mediated signal transduction

Any process in which the symbiont organism interferes with calcium or calmodulin-mediated signal transduction in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


nitrous-oxide reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 2 cytochrome c + nitrogen = 2 reduced cytochrome c + nitrous oxide.


ERBB4-EGFR signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals transmitted by a heterodimeric complex of the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor/ERBB1) and ERBB4. The pathway begins with binding of a ligand to either cell surface receptor, or the dimeric receptor complex, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


negative regulation of antipodal cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of antipodal cell differentiation.


propanediol channel activity

Enables the facilitated diffusion of propanediol (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.


haloperoxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: R-CH + a halogen + H2O2 = R-C-halogen + H2O.


secondary alcohol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of secondary alcohol.


somatic diversification of variable lymphocyte receptors of jawless fish

The somatic process that results in the generation of sequence diversity of the variable lymphocyte receptors (VLR) of jawless fish.


amino acid sensor activity

Binding to and responding, e.g. by conformational change, to changes in the cellular level of an amino acid.


negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic spindle elongation.


positive regulation of gonadotropin secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a gonadotropin.


undecaprenyl-phosphate glucose phosphotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate = UMP + alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-diphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol.


tolerance induction to tumor cell

A process of tolerance induction which leads to immunological tolerance of a tumor.


cortisol sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate + cortisol = adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate + cortisol 21-sulfate + H+.


AAG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AAG codon.


isocitrate lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: isocitrate = glyoxylate + succinate.


modulation of blood coagulation in another organism

Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation in another organism. Blood coagulation is the sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot.


negative regulation of cardiac muscle tissue growth

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle growth.


alpha-glucan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alpha-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


pigment biosynthetic process involved in pigment granule maturation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pigment, contributing to the process in which a membrane-bounded organelle develops into a pigment granule. Maturation is a developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cell or structure to attain its fully functional state.


vascular process in circulatory system

A circulatory process that occurs at the level of the vasculature.


response to 3-methylcholanthrene

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 3-methylcholanthrene stimulus.


embryonic hemocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell derived from the embryonic head mesoderm acquires the specialized features of a mature hemocyte. Hemocytes are blood cells associated with a hemocoel (the cavity containing most of the major organs of the arthropod body) which are involved in defense and clotting of hemolymph, but not involved in transport of oxygen.


pyridoxine 5-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxine + acceptor = isopyridoxal + reduced acceptor.


Catalysis of the reaction: chenodeoxycholoyltaurine + H2O = chenodeoxycholate + taurine.


gibberellin A12, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity (gibberellin A15-forming)

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A12 + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate <=> gibberellin A15 + carbon dioxide + succinate.


atrazine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving atrazine, a triazine ring-containing compound, widely used as a herbicide.


positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway by establishment of Wnt protein localization to extracellular region

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway by the directed movement of a Wnt protein within the extracellular region.


acetoin racemase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-acetoin = (R)-acetoin.


regulation of glycine import across plasma membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glycine import into a cell.


purine nucleosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a N-D-ribosylpurine + H2O = a purine + D-ribose.


16:0 monogalactosyldiacylglycerol desaturase activity

Catalysis of the introduction of an omega-3 double bond into an unsaturated 16-carbon fatty acid in a monogalactosyldiacylglycerol molecule.


noradrenergic neuron differentiation involved in brainstem development

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an noradrenergic neuron that is part of the brainstem.


1-penten-3-one reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-penten-3-one + NADPH + H+ <=> 1-pentan-3-one + NADP.


Catalysis of the reaction: 16-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone = H2O + 16-dehydroprogesterone.


nickel incorporation into nickel-iron-sulfur cluster via pentakis-L-cysteinyl L-histidino nickel tetrairon pentasulfide

The incorporation of nickel into a nickel-iron-sulfur cluster via pentakis-L-cysteinyl L-histidino nickel tetrairon pentasulfide, found in carbon monoxide dehydrogenase.


dense core granule localization

Any process in which a dense core granule is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + D-alanine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 2-methylserine.


4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + H2O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate + 2 reduced ferredoxin.


larval salivary gland boundary specification

Determination in a larval organism of where the salivary gland forms, the total number of salivary gland cells and how many cells are allocated to each of the specialised cell types within the salivary gland.


cell adhesion involved in biofilm formation

The attachment of a cell to a solid substrate, via cell adhesion molecules, contributing to the formation of a biofilm.


antisense RNA transcription

The synthesis of antisense RNA, an RNA molecule complementary in sequence to another RNA or DNA molecule, which, by binding the latter, acts to inhibit its function and/or completion of synthesis, on a template of DNA.


propioin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyhexan-3-one = 2 propanal.


asymmetric protein localization to old mitotic spindle pole body

Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained to the old mitotic spindle pole body resulting in its being distributed asymmetrically.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + brassicasterol <=> UDP(3-) + 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-brassicasterol + H+.


geranylgeraniol kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeraniol + nucleoside triphosphate = all-trans-geranyl-geranyl monophosphate + nucleoside diphosphate.


regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis.


5-amino-1-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of 5-amino-1-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide from one side of a membrane to the other.


Catalysis of the reaction: poly(ribitol phosphate) + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-poly(ribitol phosphate) + UDP.


modulation by symbiont of host inflammatory response

Any process in which a symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response of the host organism; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-R + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,6-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-R + UDP.


GA5 3beta-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A5 + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate <=> gibberellin A3 + succinate + carbon dioxide.


Actinobacterium-type cell wall biogenesis

A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cell wall of the type found in Actinobacteria. The cell wall is the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane. Actinobacterial cell walls contain characteristic mycolic acids, of which some are covalently linked to the cell wall peptidoglycan and others accumulate at the cell surface.


synaptic target inhibition

The process in which a neuronal cell in a multicellular organism recognizes chemorepellent signals that inhibit its growth toward the source.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-18:2-2-16:1-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 1-18:3-2-16:1-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


regulation of cell cycle checkpoint

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle checkpoint.


regulation of plasmatocyte differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of plasmatocyte differentiation.


scutellarein 7-methyl ether 6-O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: scutellarein 7-methyl ether + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> cirsimaritin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


nuclear division

The division of a cell nucleus into two nuclei, with DNA and other nuclear contents distributed between the daughter nuclei.


aldose 1-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-aldose + NAD+ = D-aldonolactone + NADH.


peptidyl-tyrosine uridylylation

The uridylylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-(phospho-5'-uridine)-L-tyrosine, found in glutamine synthetase.


fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores.


photosynthesis, light harvesting

Absorption and transfer of the energy absorbed from light photons between photosystem reaction centers.


coenzyme F420-dependent 2,4,6-trinitrophenol reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,6-trinitrophenol + H- = 2,4,6-trinitrophenol hydride Meisenheimer complex. Coenzyme F420 supplies the hydride (H-) in the reaction.


response to abscisic acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abscisic acid stimulus.


T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell

An immune response mediated by a T cell triggered in response to the presence of a tumor cell.


cyanuric acid amidohydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanuric acid + H2O = biuret + CO2.


chloroplast elongation

Expansion of the chloroplast that usually precedes division.


deoxyuridine 2'-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyuridine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = CO2 + succinate + uridine.


positive regulation of monoatomic anion transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of anion transport.


regulation of amino acid transmembrane transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of amino acid transmembrane transport.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by aortic body chemoreceptor signaling

The process that modulates blood pressure by the action of chemoreceptors found in the aortic bodies and their resultant modulation of the vasomotor center. Chemoreceptors respond to oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions.


sensory perception of wind

The series of events required for an organism to receive sensory mechanical stimulus resulting from air flow, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal.


bisulfite reduction

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the reduction of sulfate to thiosulfate via bisulfite.


syncytial blastoderm mitotic cell cycle

Mitotic division cycles 10 to 13 of the insect embryo. This is the second phase of the syncytial period where nuclei divide in a common cytoplasm without cytokinesis. The majority of migrating nuclei reach the embryo surface during cycle 10, after which they divide less synchronously than before, and the syncytial blastoderm cycles lengthen progressively.


negative regulation of establishment of competence for transformation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of competence for transformation.


1,2-dichloroethane metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,2-dichloroethane, a major commodity chemical used, for example, in the manufacture of vinyl chloride.


negative regulation of encysted zoospore germination

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of encysted zoospore germination.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-coumaryl-CoA + pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside = pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-p-coumaroylglucoside + coenzyme A.


3-oxolaurate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-oxolaurate + H+ = 2-undecanone + CO2.


2-hexadecenal reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + palmitaldehyde = trans-hexadec-2-enal + H+ + NADPH.


membrane reorganization involved in phagocytosis, engulfment

The assembly and arrangement of the plasma membrane that is involved in the internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis.


negative regulation of endothelial cell development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell development.


inward migration of deep nuclear neurons

The directed movement of a deep nuclear neuron from the rostrodorsal region of the cerebellar plate to their final more ventral position.


viral entry via permeabilization of endosomal membrane

The entry of a non-enveloped virus into a host eukaryotic cell, following endocytosis, via permeabilization of the endosomal membrane by membrane penetration protein(s) associated with the viral capsid. In some cases, viral membrane-penetration protein require first to be activated to display its membrane penetrating activity. Activation can be due to receptor binding or the acidic pH of the endosomal lumen.


citronellyl-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: citronellate + CoASH + ATP = citronellyl-CoA + AMP + PPi.


regulation of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis.


indoleacetic acid conjugate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any indole-3-acetic acid conjugate, a form of indoleacetic acid covalently bound to another molecule.


cellular response to nitrogen levels

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of inorganic nitrogen.


cAMP deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyclic adenosine monophosphate + H2O = cyclic inosine monophosphate + NH3.


isopropylmalate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of isopropylmalate from one side of a membrane to the other.


C-22 sterol desaturase activity

Catalysis of the formation of the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. An example reaction: 5,7,24(28)-ergostatrienol + O2 + NADPH = 5,7,22,24(28)-ergostatetraenol + 2 H2O + NADP+.


endosome membrane permeabilization involved in viral entry into host cell

Induction of endosome membrane permeabilization triggered by an interaction between the host membrane and a membrane-penetration protein associated with the capsid. Occurs after internalization of the virus through the endosomal pathway, and results in delivery of the virus contents into the host cell cytoplasm.


negative regulation of fusion cell fate specification

Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from adopting a fusion cell fate. Once the terminal and fusion fates have been correctly induced, inhibitory feedback loops prevent the remaining branch cells from assuming similar fates.


negative regulation of cell killing

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell killing.


peptidyl-S-palmitoleyl-L-cysteine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-cysteine

The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-palmitoleyl-L-cysteine specifically.


carboxylic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (-COOH) groups.


uterine smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the uterus. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The uterus is a muscular organ of the female mammal for containing and usually for nourishing the young during development prior to birth.


positive regulation of toll-like receptor 15 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of toll-like receptor 15 signaling pathway.


regulation of cellular response to phosphate starvation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to phosphate starvation.


neuron development involved in amphid sensory organ development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron over time, that contributes to the development of the amphid sensory organ.


alkali metal ion binding

Binding to an alkali metal ion; alkali metals are those elements in group Ia of the periodic table, with the exception of hydrogen.


alternative oxidase activity

Catalysis of the oxidation of ubiquinol by diverting electrons from the standard electron transfer chain, transferring them from ubiquinol to oxygen and generating water as the product.


positive regulation of response to calcium ion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to calcium ion.


xanthine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of xanthine from one side of a membrane to the other. Xanthine (2,6-dihydroxypurine) is a purine formed in the metabolic breakdown of guanine, but is not present in nucleic acids.


proteolysis within endoplasmic reticulum associated with antigen processing and presentation

The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein by ER resident proteases contributing to antigen processing and presentation.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) + trans-zeatin <=> H+ + 9-(alpha-D-glucosyl)-trans-zeatin + UDP(3-).


negative regulation of telomerase RNA localization to Cajal body

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase RNA localization to Cajal body.


peptide antigen assembly with MHC protein complex

The binding of a peptide to the antigen binding groove of an MHC protein complex.


envenomation resulting in negative regulation of acid-sensing ion channel activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant negative regulation in the activity of an acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) in the bitten organism.


vistamycin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of vistamycin.


cyclopentanol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyclopentanol.


COPI coating of Golgi vesicle, cis-Golgi to rough ER

The addition of COPI proteins and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of cis-Golgi to rough ER transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat.


quinone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of quinone.


epsilon-caprolactam lactamase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: epsilon-caprolactam + H2O = H+ + 6-aminohexanoate.


DNA transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, from one side of a membrane to the other.


cell chemotaxis to fibroblast growth factor

The directed movement of a motile cell in response to the presence of fibroblast growth factor (FGF).


nicotinate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinate.


endoglycosylceramidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + oligoglycosylglucosylceramide = ceramide + oligoglycosylglucose.


Catalysis of the reaction: cyclooctat-9-en-7-ol + O2 + NADPH + H+ <=> cyclooctat-9-en-5,7-diol + H2O + NADP.


di-homo-gamma-linolenate delta5 desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: all-cis-icosa-8,11,14-trienoate + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> arachidonate + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


indolelactate dehydrogenase (NADH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(indol-3-yl)lactate + NAD+ = 3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvate + H+ + NADH.


maleylacetate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-oxoadipate + NAD(P)+ = 2-maleylacetate + NAD(P)H + H+.


ergothioneine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ergothioneine, a naturally occurring metabolite of histidine with antioxidant properties.


molecular tag activity

A molecular function exhibited by a protein that is covalently attached (AKA tagged or conjugated) to another molecule (for example a protein or a lipid) where it acts as a marker, recognized by the cellular apparatus to target the tagged protein for some cellular process such as modification, sequestration, transport or degradation.


peptide N-succinyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the acetylation of an amino acid residue of a peptide or protein, according to the reaction: succinyl-CoA + peptide = CoA + N-succinylpeptide.


spinal cord commissural neuron specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a commissural neuron in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway.


carcinine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of carcinine from one side of a membrane to the other.


endocrocin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of endocrocin.


pheophorbide a oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pheophorbide a + reduced ferredoxin + 2 O2 = red chlorophyll catabolite + oxidized ferredoxin + H2O.


precorrin-6A synthase (deacetylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + H2O + precorrin-5 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + acetate + 2 H+ + precorrin-6X.


acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus

An acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimuli such as heat or physical trauma.


regulation of cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


pyrimidine-containing compound biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pyrimidine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains pyrimidine or a formal derivative thereof.


positive regulation of prolactin signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of prolactin signaling pathway.


modulation by symbiont of host protein ubiquitination

Any process by which a symbiont increases or decreases ubiquitination of target proteins of a host organism.


dehydropipecolic acid reductase

Catalysis of the reaction: dehydropipecolic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ = L-pipecolic acid + NAD(P)+.


intracellular ammonium homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of ammonium within a cell.


abscisic acid homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of abscisic acid within an organism or cell.


mesenchymal stem cell differentiation involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal stem cell that contributes to the shaping of a nephronin the metanephros. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-beta-alanine + H2O = beta-alanine + acetate.


tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade

A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell initiated by the action of tissue (glandular) kallikreins on low molecular weight kininogen in response to tissue damage. Tissue kallikreins are present in glandular tissues and their fluids, such as the salivary glands, sweat glands, pancreas, and kidney. The ultimate products of the tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade include kallidin and bradykinin, agents known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (indol-3-yl)pyruvate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (S)-3-(indol-3-yl)-2-oxobutanoate.


nicotianamine aminotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + nicotianamine = 3''-deamino-3''-oxonicotianamine + L-glutamate.


regulation of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway.


negative regulation of neural retina development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of neural retina development, the progression of the neural retina over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The neural retina is the part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells.


galactosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of galactosyl compounds, substances containing a group derived from a cyclic form of galactose or a galactose derivative.


phenylphosphate carboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenylphosphate + CO2 + H2O = H+ + phosphate + 4-hydroxybenzoate.


regulation of monocyte aggregation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte aggregation.


acetylenic compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an acetylenic compound, any compound which contains a carbon-carbon triple bond (aka C#C).


accessory nerve structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the accessory nerve This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve.


granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor activity

Combining with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


acetate ester biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an acetate esteran acetate ester, any carboxylic ester where the carboxylic acid component is acetic acid.


precorrin-6A reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: precorrin-6B + NADP+ = precorrin-6A + NADPH + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: TRIBOA-beta-D-glucoside + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> (2R)-DIMBOA glucoside + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-corytuberine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> H+ + magnoflorine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


vesicle targeting, rough ER to cis-Golgi

The process in which vesicles are directed to specific destination membranes during transport from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the cis-Golgi.


alditol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving alditols, any polyhydric alcohol derived from the acyclic form of a monosaccharide by reduction of its aldehyde or keto group to an alcoholic group.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-5-methylene-heptanoyl-CoA + NAD+ = 2,6-dimethyl-5-methylene-3-oxo-heptanoyl-CoA + NADH+ + H+.


sucrose mediated signaling

The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of sucrose.


modulation of acid-sensing ion channel in another organism

Any process in which an organism effects a change in the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of an acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) in another organism.


guard cell differentiation

The process in which a guard mother cell acquires the specialized features of a guard cell.


flavanone 7-O-glucoside 2''-O-beta-L-rhamnosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-L-rhamnose + a flavanone 7-O-glucoside = UDP + a flavanone 7-O-[beta-L-rhamnosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucoside].


bilirubin oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 bilirubin + O2 = 2 biliverdin + 2 H2O.


regulation of neural crest formation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of neural crest formation. Neural crest formation is the formation of the specialized region of ectoderm between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm. The neural crest gives rise to the neural crest cells that migrate away from this region as neural tube formation proceeds.


aminoglycan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aminoglycans, any polymer containing amino groups that consists of more than about 10 monosaccharide residues joined to each other by glycosidic linkages.


foregut regionalization

The pattern specification process that results in the spatial subdivision of an axis or axes along the foregut to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place.


negative regulation of establishment of bipolar cell polarity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of bipolar cell polarity.


negative regulation of collagen metabolic process

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the metabolism of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals.


L-fucose isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-fucose = L-fuculose.


positive regulation of sebum secreting cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sebum secreting cell proliferation.


(1->6)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->6)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->6)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds.


tRNA (adenine) methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing methyladenine.


regulation of all-trans-retinyl-ester hydrolase, 11-cis retinol forming activity

Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of all-trans-retinyl-ester hydrolase, 11-cis retinol forming activity.


paspalicine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 13-desoxypaxilline + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> paspalicine + NADP + 2 H2O.


determination of genital disc primordium

Allocation of embryonic cells to the genital imaginal disc founder populations. Early in development at the blastoderm stage, the anlage of the genital disc of both sexes consists of three primordia: the female genital primoridum lcoated anteriorly, the anal primoridum located posteriorly, and the male gential primordium between the two.


chlorophyll fluorescence

The process by which excess light energy absorbed by chlorophyll and not used to drive photosynthesis is re-emitted as light.


root epithelial mucilage metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving mucilage that occur in the root epithelium; mucilage is normally synthesized during root growth.


mitochondrial tRNA thio-modification

The addition a sulfur atom to a nucleotide in a mitochondrial tRNA molecule.


S-malonyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a malonyl group to a sulfur atom on the acceptor molecule.


positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in development.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(2-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-D-ribulose 5-phosphate = 1-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate + CO2 + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + deoxynucleoside phosphate = ADP + deoxynucleoside diphosphate.


generation of mature 5'-end of LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA)

Cleavage within ITS2 to generate the mature 5'-end of an LSU-rRNA derived from a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript.


fusion of viral membrane with host outer nuclear membrane

Fusion of a viral primary envelope with the host outer nuclear membrane during nuclear egress. The transitory primary envelope is acquired by the virus as it buds at the inner nuclear membrane and gains access to the perinuclear space. This membrane is lost by fusing with the host outer nuclear membrane during nuclear exit.


pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


transduction

A type of horizontal gene transfer in which genetic material is introduced into a cell mediated by a virus.


chrysobactin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the siderophore chrysobactin (alpha-N-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-D-lysyl-L-serine).


3-epi-6-deoxocathasterone C-23 hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + 3-epi-6-deoxocathasterone + reduced (NADPH-hemoprotein reducdtase) + O2 = 6=deoxotyphasterol + oxidized (NADPH-hemoprotein reductase) + H2O.


superior endocardial cushion morphogenesis

The developmental process by which a superior endocardial cushion is generated and organized.


lipoprotein particle mediated signaling

The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of a lipoprotein particle.


dTDP metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving dTDP, deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.


arabinoxylan-containing compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving an arabinoxylan, a polymer containing a beta-1,4-linked D-xylose backbone decorated with arabinose side units.


plastid gene expression

The process in which a plastid gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.


multi-layer follicle stage

The stage in oogenesis when many layers of follicle cells surround the oocyte. There is a yolk nucleus (Balbiani's Body) near the germinal vesicle.


dense core granule biogenesis

A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a dense core granule. Includes biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the dense core granule.


Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,4Z)-2-hydroxy-6-oxonona-2,4-dienedioate + H2O = (2E)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate + H+ + succinate.


perforin production

The appearance of a perforin protein due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, cytochrome as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a cytochrome molecule.


caecum development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a caecum over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


iron acquisition from host

The process by which a symbiont acquires iron from its host, either from heme or other iron containing molecules such as transferrin and lactoferrin. Begins with either the secretion of symbiont gene products that bind iron- or heme-containing molecules (siderophores and hemophores) from the symbiont cell into the host, or by expression of receptors that bind iron- or heme-containing molecules on the symbiont cell surface. Ends when the iron-containing compound is transported into the symbiont cell.


rhombomere cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of rhombomere cells, resulting in the expansion of the cell population.


trimming of terminal mannose on C branch

The removal of an alpha-1,2-linked mannose from the C-chain of a glycoprotein oligosaccharide in the endoplasmic reticulum.


mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in salivary gland development

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal cell of the salivary gland. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types.


intraglomerular mesangial cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of intraglomerular glomerular mesangium cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Intraglomerular mesangial cells are specialized pericytes located among the glomerular capillaries within a renal corpuscle of a kidney. They are required for filtration, structural support and phagocytosis.


inulinase activity

Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of 2,1-beta-D-fructosidic linkages in inulin.


R8 cell-mediated photoreceptor organization

The regionalization process that coordinates the recruitment and organization of other non-R8 photoreceptors by the R8 photoreceptor.


centrosomal and pronuclear rotation

The rotation of centrosomes and associated pronuclei in one-cell embryos such as those of Caenorhabditis elegans, occurring as a transition between pronuclear migration and pronuclear fusion.


enzyme-thiol transhydrogenase (glutathione-disulfide) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: oxidized glutathione + [xanthine dehydrogenase] = reduced glutathione + xanthine-oxidase.


detection of electrical stimulus involved in electroception

The series of events that contribute to electroception in which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


envenomation resulting in modulation of complement activation in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of complement activation in the bitten/stung organism.


mesonephric glomerular epithelial cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric glomerular epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Mesonephric glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the mesonephric glomerulus; there are two types, mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells and mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cells.


positive regulation of maltoheptaose metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of maltoheptaose metabolic process.


positive regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte apoptotic process.


adrenaline O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-adrenaline(1+) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> metanephrine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


stomatal lineage progression

The process in which an unspecialized epidermal cell progresses through a series of divisions that culminate in the production of a stomatal complex.


gibberellin 12 biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gibberellin 12, (1R,2S,3S,4R,8S,9S,12R)-4,8-dimethyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.01,9.03,8]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid 1meta,4a-dimethyl-8-methylidene-4aalpha,4bbeta-gibbane-1alpha,10beta-dicarboxylic acid.


regulation of intracellular transport of viral material

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of egress of virus within host cell.


16S rRNA (adenine(1518)-N(6)/adenine(1519)-N(6))-dimethyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine(1518)/adenine(1519) in 16S rRNA = 4 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N(6)-dimethyladenine(1518)/N(6)-dimethyladenine(1519) in 16S rRNA.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-dehydro-L-gulonate + NAD(P)+ = (4R,5S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2,3-dioxohexanoate + NAD(P)H + H+.


posterior abdomen determination

The regionalization process in which the posterior (abdominal) regions of the embryo are specified by the gap genes.


AAA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AAA codon.


Notch signaling pathway involved in forebrain neuron fate commitment

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of an extracellular ligand to a Notch receptor on the surface of the target cell that contributes to the commitment of a neuroblast to a neuronal fate. The neuron will reside in the forebrain.


positive regulation of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch.


triterpenoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.


negative regulation of maltopentaose transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of maltopentaose transport.


biopterin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of biopterin from one side of a membrane to the other. Biopterin is a growth factor for certain protozoans and some insects; it is widely distributed in tissues and functions in a reduced form, tetrahydrobiopterin, as a hydroxylation coenzyme.


protein-DNA covalent cross-linking via the 5'-end to peptidyl-tyrosine

The formation of a covalent cross-link between DNA and a peptidyl-tyrosine residue by the formation of O4'-(phospho-5'-DNA)-L-tyrosine.


response to L-thialysine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-thialysine stimulus.