response to flooding

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating flooding, short-term immersion in water.


regulation of mitotic cytokinetic process

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinetic process.


chromate transmembrane transporter activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Enables the transfer of chromate from one side of a membrane to the other. Chromate is the anion of chromic acid, H2CrO4 (aq) or CrO3.


response to trichodermin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a trichodermin stimulus.


eriodictyol dibenzoylmethane tautomer 8C-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: eriodictyol dibenzoylmethane tautomer + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> 8C-beta-D-glucosyl-2-hydroxyeriodictyol + UDP(3-) + H+.


aldos-2-ulose dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose = 2-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one + H2O; (1a) 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose = 1,5-anhydro-4-deoxy-D-glycero-hex-3-en-2-ulose + H2O and (1b) 1,5-anhydro-4-deoxy-D-glycero-hex-3-en-2-ulose = 2-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one.


macronucleus organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the macronucleus.


B cell cytokine production

Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a B cell.


deoxyuridine 1'-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyuridine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 2-deoxy-D-ribono-1,4-lactone + CO2 + succinate + uracil.


viral DNA repair

The process of restoring viral DNA after damage or errors in replication.


circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep

A stage in the circadian sleep cycle during which dreams occur and the body undergoes marked changes including rapid eye movement, loss of reflexes, and increased pulse rate and brain activity.


cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching

A cell differentiation process that is a part of a reversible switch of a cell from one cell type or form to another, at a frequency above the expected frequency for somatic mutations.


negative regulation of cellular alcohol catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular alcohol catabolic process.


clathrin coating of Golgi vesicle

The addition of clathrin and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat.


Catalysis of the reaction: 6-phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonate = D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + pyruvate.


pyripyropene A biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyripyropene A.


trimming of second mannose on A branch

The removal of the second alpha-1,2-linked mannose from the A-chain of a glycoprotein oligosaccharide in the endoplasmic reticulum.


regulation of uracil import across plasma membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of uracil import across plasma membrane.


response to stem cell factor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stem cell factor (SCF) stimulus.


N-terminal peptidyl-valine acetylation

The acetylation of the N-terminal tyrosine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-valine.


3'-5' RNA polymerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1); the synthesis of RNA from ribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a nucleic acid template, via extension of the 5'-end.


(S)-limonene 3-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (4S)-limonene + H+ + NADPH + O2 = (1S,6R)-isopiperitenol + H2O + NADP+.


mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport.


mitochondrial double-strand break repair

The repair of double-strand breaks in mitochondrial DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix.


mannan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannan, a group of polysaccharides containing a backbone composed of a polymer of D-mannose units.


symbiont defense to host-produced phytoalexin

Any process in which a symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of production of phytoalexins as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, with a flavin as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a flavin.


regulation of uterine smooth muscle relaxation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of uterine smooth muscle relaxation.


epoxide dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ethene oxide + NAD+ + CoA-SH = NADH + H+ + acetyl-CoA.


cellular response to polyamine macromolecule

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a polyamine macromolecule stimulus.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure involved in acute-phase response

Any process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system that contributes to the acute phase response. The acute phase response occurs during the early phases of an infection and is marked by changes in the production of plasma proteins such as C-reactive protein.


negative regulation of trichome patterning

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of trichome patterning.


deoxyguanosine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of deoxyguanosine, a nucleoside consisting of the base guanine and the sugar deoxyribose.


arsenite secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of arsenite from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.


lung field specification

The process that results in the delineation of a specific region of the foregut into the area in which the lung will develop.


detection of muscle activity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

The series of events by which a muscle activity stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. This occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


cellular detoxification of copper ion

Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of copper ions in a cell. These include transport of copper cations away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration.


early distal convoluted tubule development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the early distal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The early distal convoluted tubule contains DCT cells and is vasopressin-insensitive.


kidney interstitial fibroblast differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the interstitial fibroblast of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


coenzyme F390-G hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: coenzyme F390-G = GMP + coenzyme F420.


positive regulation of retinal rod cell fate commitment

Any process that increases the process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a retinal rod cell. A retinal rod cell is one of the two photoreceptor subtypes in a camera-type eye.


cellular response to D-galactosamine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a D-galactosamine stimulus.


initiation of dorsal closure

Events that occur at the start of dorsal closure.


Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin-7-olate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> rhamnetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


morphogenesis of an endothelium

The process in which the anatomical structure of an endothelium is generated and organized. Endothelium refers to the layer of cells lining blood vessels, lymphatics, the heart, and serous cavities, and is derived from bone marrow or mesoderm. Corneal endothelium is a special case, derived from neural crest cells.


leaf abscission

The controlled shedding of a leaf.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate + L-glutamine = 2-oxoglutaramate + L-methionine.


interleukin-22 production

The appearance of interleukin-22 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


tRNA 2-selenouridine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine + selenophosphate = 5-methylaminomethyl-2-selenouridine + phosphate (at the wobble position in tRNA).


Catalysis of the reaction: xyloglucan + H2O = xyloglucan oligosaccharides. This reaction is the endohydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in xyloglucan.


The carboxylation of the N-terminal methionine of proteins to form the derivative N-carboxy-L-methionine.


chlorophyllide b:geranyl-geranyl diphosphate geranyl-geranyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + chlorophyllide b(1-) + 2-trans,6-trans,10-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate <=> geranylgeranyl-chlorophyll b + diphosphoric acid.


tetrachloroethylene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetrachloroethylene, a derivative of ethene with the hydrogen atoms replaced by chlorines.


phenylalanine decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-phenylalanine = phenylethylamine + CO2.


regulation of mannotriose transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mannotriose transport.


aspartate family amino acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids of the aspartate family, comprising asparagine, aspartate, lysine, methionine and threonine.


cardiac chamber development

The progression of a cardiac chamber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac chamber is an enclosed cavity within the heart.


2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + CTP = 4-CDP-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol + diphosphate.


echolocation

Echolocation is the method used by some animals (e.g. bats, dolphins and some whales) to determine the location of something by measuring the time it takes for an echo to return from it. These animals emit sound waves and listen for the echo, calculating the distance to the object from the time lapse between sound emission and the echo returning.


perillic acid-CoA ligase (ADP-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: perillic acid + CoA-SH + ATP = H2O + ADP + phosphate + perillyl-CoA.


translocation of peptides or proteins into symbiont

The directed movement of peptides or proteins produced by an organism to a location inside the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


microtubule organizing center attachment site organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microtubule organizing center attachment site. A microtubule organizing center attachment site is a region of the nuclear envelope to which a microtubule organizing center (MTOC) attaches.


CCL21-activated CCR7 signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the C-C chemokine CCL21 to a C-C chemokine type 7 receptor (CCR7) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


mitochondrial mRNA 3'-end processing

Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of an mRNA molecule that derives from the mitochondrial genome.


pyridoxamine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of pyridoxamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyridoxamine, 4-(aminomethyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate.


stringent response

A specific global change in the metabolism of a bacterial cell (the downregulation of nucleic acid and protein synthesis, and the simultaneous upregulation of protein degradation and amino acid synthesis) as a result of starvation.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidyl-N-monomethylethanolamine (PMME), a derivative of phosphatidylethanolamine with a methylated amine group.


peptide cross-linking via 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-D-phenylalanine

The cross-linking of a cysteine residue to an L-phenylalanine residue to form 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-D-phenylalanine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide = 5-[(5-phospho-1-deoxy-D-ribulos-1-ylimino)methylamino]-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide.


D-arabitol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-arabitol, the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group. The D enantiomer is present in lichens and mushrooms.


neural fold hinge point formation

The formation of the median and lateral hinge points in the neural folds. These are created by apical constriction and basal expansion of the underlying neural cells. The median hinge point extends for the entire length of the neural tube, and the lateral hinge points do not form in the spinal cord region of the neural tube.


trisporic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving trisporic acid, a carotenoic acid derivative used as a pheromone in some species of Zygomycota.


ATP-gated ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when ATP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


negative regulation of sensory perception of pain in another organism

A process that negatively regulates the sensory perception of pain in a different organism.


Roundabout signaling pathway involved in muscle cell chemotaxis toward tendon cell

Any Roundabout signaling pathway that is involved in the directed movement of a muscle cell towards a tendon cell in response to an external stimulus.


GPI anchor biosynthetic process via N-seryl-glycosylphosphatidylinositolethanolamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-serine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a seryl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.


glycol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycol, a diol in which the two hydroxy groups are on different carbon atoms, usually but not necessarily adjacent.


dorsal fin morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the dorsal fin are generated and organized. A dorsal fin is an unpaired medial fin on the dorsal aspect of fish that provides lateral stability while swimming. Generally fish have one or two dorsal fins.


specification of segmental identity, thorax

The specification of the characteristic structures of the thoracic segments following establishment of segment boundaries. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


xanthine hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: xanthine + H2O = 4-ureido-5-imidazole carboxylate.


viral double stranded DNA replication via reverse transcription

A DNA replication process that uses viral RNA as a template for RNA-dependent DNA polymerases (e.g. reverse transcriptase) that synthesize the new strands.


site-specific DNA replication termination

A DNA replication termination process that takes place at a specific termination site.


trans-chloroacrylic acid dehalogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trans-3-chloroacrylic acid + H2O = H+ + malonate semialdehyde.


methanol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: methanol + NAD+ = formaldehyde + H+ + NADH.


nucleobase-containing small molecule biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleobase-containing small molecule: a nucleobase, a nucleoside, or a nucleotide.


diaminopimelate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: meso-2,6-diaminopimelate + H2O + NADP+ = L-2-amino-6-oxopimelate + H+ + NADPH + NH4.


disruption of tissue in another organism

The disruption of the a tissue of another organism, leading to damage or temporary subversion of that tissue.


chorion micropyle formation

Establishment of the micropyle, a single cone-shaped specialization of the chorion that allows sperm entry into the egg prior to fertilization.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxyisobutyrate + 1/2 O2 = 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methyl propionate.


lycopene cleavage oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: lycopene + 2 O2 <=> 2 sulcatone + bixin aldehyde.


regulation of planar cell polarity pathway involved in cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of planar cell polarity pathway involved in cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis.


response to chitin

A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chitin stimulus.


succinate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: succinate + CoA + nucleotide triphosphate = nucleotide diphosphate + phosphate + succinyl-CoA.


regulation of timing of animal organ formation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of animal organ formation at a consistent predetermined time point during development.


oligopeptide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of oligopeptides from one side of a membrane to the other. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages.


L-lysine-lactamase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-2-aminohexano-6-lactam + H2O = L-lysine.


lncRNA transcription

The transcription of lncRNAs, non-coding RNAs over 200 nucleotides in length, from a DNA template.


D-glucuronate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-glucuronate, the D-enantiomer of glucuronate.


tRNA-specific 2-thiouridylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H+ + a tRNA uridine34 + a [TusE sulfur carrier protein]-S-sulfanylcysteine = AMP + diphosphoric acid + a tRNA 2-thiouridine34 + a [TusE sulfur carrier protein]-L-cysteine.


degradation of host chromosome by virus

The catabolic breakdown of the DNA of a host chromosome by a virus. This occurs during infection of bacteria by some phages. It frees up a large pool of nucleoside 5'-triphophates for use in viral DNA synthesis.


regulation of maintenance of bipolar cell polarity regulating cell shape

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of maintenance of bipolar cell polarity regulating in cell shape.


positive regulation of anthocyanin catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of anthocyanin catabolic process.


oral/aboral axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of a line that delineates the mouth and the anus of an embryo.


thiamine-diphosphate kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thiamin diphosphate = ADP + thiamin triphosphate.


negative regulation of smooth muscle tissue development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle tissue development.


Catalysis of the reaction: didemethylisoproturon + H2O = 4'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)phenylurea + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


carbon tetrachloride catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbon tetrachloride, a toxic, carcinogenic compound which is used as a general solvent in industrial degreasing operations. It is also used as grain fumigant and a chemical intermediate in the production of refrigerants.


double-stranded RNA-specific ribonuclease activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in double-stranded RNA molecules.


gibberellin A9 carboxyl methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A9 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> gibberellin A9 methyl ester + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


regulation of monocyte antigen processing and presentation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of monocyte antigen processing and presentation.


superior olivary nucleus structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the superior olivary nucleus structure. In mice, the superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound.


achromobactin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of achromobactin, a citrate siderophore.


peptide cross-linking via (2S,3S,6R)-3-methyl-lanthionine

The formation of a protein-protein cross-link between peptidyl-threonine and peptidyl-cysteine by the synthesis of (2S,3S,6R)-3-methyl-lanthionine (3-methyl-L-lanthionine).


zona limitans intrathalamica formation

The formation of the narrow stripe of cells that lies between the prospective dorsal and ventral thalami. This boundary contains signals that pattern the prethalamic and thalamic territories of the future mid-diencephalon.


positive regulation of purine nucleoside transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a purine nucleoside into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


4-toluenecarboxylate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-toluenecarboxylate, 4-methylbenzenecarboxylate, the anion of carboxylic acid attached to a methylbenzene molecule.


striated muscle hypertrophy

The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of an organ due to an increase in size of muscle cells without cell division. In the case of striated muscle, this happens due to the additional synthesis of sarcomeric proteins and assembly of myofibrils.


vanillate monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + NADH + O2 + vanillate = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + formaldehyde + H2O + NAD+.


plasmid partitioning

Any process in which plasmids are segregated or distributed into daughter cells upon cell division.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving a UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinopyranose.


Catalysis of the reaction: 9alpha-copalyl diphosphate = diphosphate + syn-isopimara-7,15-diene.


Catalysis of the reaction:O2 + peregrinol + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = H+ + H2O + labd-13Z-ene-9,15,16-triol + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase].


prosthetic group binding

Binding to a prosthetic group, the non-amino acid portion of certain protein molecules. Prosthetic groups may be inorganic or organic and are usually required for the biological activity of the protein.


methane monooxygenase NADPH activity

Catalysis of the reaction: methane + NADPH + H+ + O2 = methanol + NADP+ + H2O.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of mixed phospho-anhydride bonds.


regulation of skeletal muscle contraction by neural stimulation via neuromuscular junction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle contraction by variation of the pattern of stimulation by nervous system.


dammarenediol 12-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dammarenediol-II + NADPH + H+ + O2 <=> (20S)-protopanaxadiol + NADP + H2O.


UDP-L-rhamnose synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-glucose + NADPH + H+ = UDP-L-rhamnose + NADP+ + H2O.


female germ-line cyst formation

Formation of a group of interconnected cells derived from a single female gonial founder cell.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, a cyclic silicone-oxygen ring compound with two methyl groups attached to each silicone atom.


response to mitotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic DNA replication checkpoint signaling.


D-ribose transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of D-ribose from one side of a membrane to the other. As beta-D-ribofuranose, D-ribose forms the glycose group of all ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids, and also of ribose phosphates, various glycosides, some coenzymes and some forms of vitamin B12.


cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate synthetase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) + ATP = cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (cDPG) + ADP + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine + di-trans,poly-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate = UMP + N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine-diphosphoundecaprenol.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-2 H-benzo[h]chromene-2-carboxylate = cis -4-(1'-hydroxynaphth-2'-yl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate.


Catalysis of the reaction: formylaminopyrimidine + H2O <=> 4-amino-5-ammoniomethyl-2-methylpyrimidine + formate.


L-lysine oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysine + H2O + O2 = 6-amino-2-oxohexanoate + H2O2 + NH4.


salutaridine reductase (NADPH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (7S)-salutaridinol + NADP+ = H+ + NADPH + salutaridine.


response to gastrin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gastrin stimulus.


metanephric juxtaglomerulus cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a metanephric juxtaglomerulus cell.


hydrogenobyrinic acid a,c-diamide synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamine + 2 ATP + 2 H2O + hydrogenobyrinate = 2 L-glutamate + 2 ADP + 4 H+ + hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide + 2 phosphate.


2-furoate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-furoate + ATP + CoA = 2-furoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate + H+.


imaginal disc-derived wing hair organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an imaginal disc-derived wing hair. A wing hair is an actin-rich, polarized, non-sensory apical projection that protrudes from each of the approximately 30,000 wing epithelial cells. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


negative regulation of ribosomal large subunit export from nucleus

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal large subunit export from nucleus.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


diacylglycerol acyl-chain remodeling

Remodeling the acyl chains of diacylglycerol, through sequential deacylation and re-acylation reactions, to generate diacylglycerol containing different types of fatty acid acyl chains.


rostral hindbrain neuronal precursor cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of neuroblasts that will give rise to neurons of the lateral pontine nucleus and the locus ceruleus.


Catalysis of the reaction: methylazoxymethanol + UDP-D-glucose = H+ + cycasin + UDP.


serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine O-sulfate + H2O = pyruvate + NH3 + sulfate.


regulation of R8 cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of R8 differentiation.


nopaline catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nopaline (N-(I-carboxy-4-guanidinobutyl)glutamic acid), a rare amino-acid derivative.


notum cell fate specification

The process in which a cell in the larval wing imaginal disc becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a notum cell, if left in its normal environment.


lipoarabinomannan immune receptor activity

Combining with lipoarabinomannan and transmitting the signal to initiate an innate immune response.


R8 cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an R8 cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


olfactory nerve morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the olfactory nerve is generated and organized. The olfactory nerve is a collection of sensory nerve rootlets that extend down from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory mucosa of the upper parts of the nasal cavity. This nerve conducts odor information to the brainstem.


viral budding from inner nuclear membrane

The envelopment of a virus, in which the nucleocapsid evaginates from the host inner nuclear membrane system into the perinuclear space, thus acquiring a membrane envelope.


deoxyuridine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyuridine, 2-deoxyribosyluracil, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


cell wall chitin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cell wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of cells.


clypeus morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the clypeus are generated and organized.


regulation of prolactin signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of prolactin signaling pathway.


DDT-dehydrochlorinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane = 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene + chloride + H+.


regulation of digestive system process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a digestive system process, a physical, chemical, or biochemical process carried out by living organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.


cibarial fish-trap bristle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cibarial fish-trap bristle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cibarial fish-trap bristle is a sensory bristle on the anterior plate of the cibarium.


ecdysteroid 25-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the hydroxylation of an ecdysteroid at carbon position 25. Ecdysteroids are a group of polyhydroxylated ketosteroids which initiate post-embryonic development, particularly metamorphosis, in insects and other arthropods.


isoguanine deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: isoguanine + H2O = xanthine + NH3.


response to chemokine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemokine stimulus.


isoflavonoid phytoalexin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isoflavonoid phytoalexins, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives isomeric with flavonoids that possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection.


L-fuculokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-fuculose + ATP = L-fuculose 1-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


ring gland development

Progression of the ring gland over time, from its formation to a mature structure. The ring gland is a neuroendocrine organ found in higher Dipterans, which is composed of the prothoracic gland, the corpus allatum, and the corpora cardiacum. The ring gland is the site of production and release of ecdysteroids and juvenile hormones.


negative regulation of plant-type cell wall cellulose catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of plant-type cell wall cellulose catabolic process.


peripheral mammary gland bud epithelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized epithelial cell of the mammary placode becomes an epithelial cell at the periphery of the mammary gland bud. Cells at the periphery of the bud are larger that those of the surrounding epithelium and are arranged concentrically.


non-photoreactive DNA repair

A DNA repair process that is involved in repairing UV-induced DNA damage under non-photoreactivating conditions. The mechanism by which this repair process operates has not yet been completely elucidated.


Catalysis of the reaction: (EE)-geranyllinalool + NADPH + O2 = 4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene + NADP+ + 2 H2O. It is unknown whether this reaction proceeds by the direct release of the 4-carbon compound but-1-en-3-one, or whether the substrate is first degraded to C18-farnesylacetone and then cleaved to produce 4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene (TMTT) and acetone.


1,3-dichloropropene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving members of the 1,3-dichloropropene family, which includes cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene. The 1,3-dichloropropenes are chlorinated hydrocarbons and the major active ingredients of commercial products for control of plant-parasitic nematodes.


LPPG:FO 2-phospho-L-lactate transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin + lactyl-2-diphospho-5'-guanosine = coenzyme F420-0 + GMP.


orcinol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of orcinol (5-methyl-1,3-benzenediol), an aromatic compound derived from the fermentation of lichen and synthesized by some higher plants.


positive regulation of cellulose catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellulose catabolic process.


regulation of cardioblast differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


negative regulation of nodal signaling pathway involved in determination of left/right asymmetry

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a nodal signaling pathway, where the nodal signaling pathway is involved in determination of left/right asymmetry.


benzoate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of benzoate, the anion of benzoic acid (benzenecarboxylic acid), a fungistatic compound widely used as a food preservative; it is conjugated to glycine in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.


trans-feruloyl-CoA synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + CoA + trans-ferulate = (E)-feruloyl-CoA + ADP + phosphate.


DCT cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a distal convoluted tubule cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


Catalysis of the reaction: carbamoyl phosphate + putrescine = N-carbamoylputrescine + H+ + phosphate.


spinal cord radial glial cell differentiation

The process in which neuroepithelial cells in the ventral neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of radial glial cells. Radial cell precursors differentiate into both neuronal cell types and mature radial glial cells. Mature radial glial cells regulate the axon growth and pathfinding processes that occur during white matter patterning of the developing spinal cord. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


positive regulation of establishment of bipolar cell polarity

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the establishment of bipolar cell polarity.


positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell proliferation.


astaxanthin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of astaxanthin.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP(4-) + H2O + a trans-methoxy-C60-meroacyl-[acp] <=> diphosphoric acid + a trans-methoxy-meroacyl-adenylate + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


aecium development

The process in which a cup-like structure containing chains of aeciospores is formed. This is characteristic of the rust fungus and typically, the first dikaryotic spores (aeciospores) are produced in the aecium.


regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic process.


negative regulation of transdifferentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transdifferentiation.


plasma membrane bounded cell projection morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a plasma membrane bounded cell projection are generated and organized.


regulation of chemotaxis to arachidonic acid

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chemotaxis to arachidonic acid.


petal formation

The process that gives rise to the petal. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


Catalysis of the reaction: naphthyl-2-methylene-succinyl-CoA + H2O = naphthyl-2-hydroxymethyl-succinyl-CoA.


regulation of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch.


positive regulation of response to biotic stimulus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a response to biotic stimulus.


[ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase]-lysine N-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + [ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase]-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + [ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase]-N6-methyl-L-lysine.


L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-threonine + NAD+ = L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + CO2 + NADH.


dehydroaustinol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dehydroaustinol.


tryptophan binding

Binding to 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid.


alkene binding

Binding to an alkene, any acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having one carbon-carbon double bond and the general formula CnH2n.


primary alcohol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.


dGMP binding

Binding to dGMP, deoxyguanosine monophosphate.


endocannabinoid signaling pathway involved in retrograde trans-synaptic signaling

Any endocannabinoid signaling pathway that is involved in retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by endocannabinoid.


nucleoside monophosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar.


regulation of cortisol secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cortisol from a cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate + 4-hydroxybenzoic acid = 3-geranyl-4-hydroxybenzoate + diphosphoric acid.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds.


negative regulation of leucophore differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leucophore differentiation.


disruption by symbiont of host focal adhesion

The process by which a symbiont disupts host focal adhesion in its host.


mesonephric glomerular mesangial cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerular mesangial cell in the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


mitomycin C biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mitomycin C.


establishment of mitochondrion localization, microtubule-mediated

The directed movement of the mitochondrion to a specific location, by a process involving microtubules.


adhesion of symbiont spore to host

The attachment of a spore of the symbiont to its host via adhesion molecules, general stickiness etc. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


reversible differentiation

A phenotypic switching process where a cell reversibly differentiates and dedifferentiates from one cell type into another.


coenzyme F420-dependent N5,N10-methenyltetrahydromethanopterin reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + H+ = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-4-dehydropantoate + H2O + NAD+ = (R)-3,3-dimethylmalate + 2 H+ + NADH.


colon smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry of the large intestine, exclusive of the rectum. The colon is that part of the large intestine that connects the small intestine to the rectum.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-formylbenzenesulfonate + H2O + NAD+ = 4-sulfobenzoate + 2 H+ + NADH.


exocytic insertion of neurotransmitter receptor to plasma membrane

The exocytic fusion of neurotransmitter receptor-containing vesicles with plasma membrane, resulting in the integration of neurotransmitter receptors into the plasma membrane. This process includes tethering and docking steps that prepare vesicles for fusion.


positive regulation of AV node cell action potential

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of AV node cell action potential.


polarity specification of dorsal/ventral axis

Any process resulting in the establishment of polarity along the dorsal/ventral axis.


UDP-glucose: 4-methylthiobutylhydroximate S-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 4-methylthiobutylhydroximate <=> H+ + 3-methylthiopropyl-desulfoglucosinolate + UDP.


orlandin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of orlandin.


aspartate 4-decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate = L-alanine + CO2.


isopentenyl adenine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the cytokinin 6-isopentenyladenine.


polyacyltrehalose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyacyltrehalose, a pentaacylated, trehalose-based glycolipid.


secondary cell wall biogenesis involved in seed trichome differentiation

A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of inextensible cellulose- and pectin-containing cell walls that are formed between the plasma membrane and primary cell wall of seed trichomes after cell expansion is complete.


negative regulation of phytoalexin metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phytoalexin metabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways involving phytoalexins.


histone H2A ubiquitin ligase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of ubiquitin to a histone H2A substrate.


response to arsenite ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenite ion stimulus.


solanine UDP-galactose galactosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-galactose + solanidine = H+ + gamma-solanine + UDP.


regulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity.


juvenile hormone catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of juvenile hormones, the three sesquiterpenoid derivatives that function to maintain the larval state of insects at molting and that may be required for other processes, e.g. oogenesis.


Swi5-Sfr1 complex binding

Binding to a Swi5-Sfr1 complex.


regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate metabolic process

Regulation of the chemical reactions and pathways involving 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, the anion of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, a natural product found in plant tissues. It is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of ethylene (ethene), a fruit-ripening hormone in plants.


cyclomaltodextrinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + cyclomaltodextrin = linear maltodextrin.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)hexan-1-one, also known as DIF-1, differentiation-inducing factor-1. DIF-1 is a secreted chlorinated molecule that controls cell fate during development of Dictyostelium cells.


regulation of starch metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of starch metabolic process.


cellular response to brassinosteroid stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a brassinosteroid stimulus.


mannitol dehydrogenase (cytochrome) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 [Fe(III)cytochrome c] + D-mannitol = 2 [Fe(II)cytochrome c] + D-fructose + 2 H+.


stemar-13-ene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate = stemar-13-ene + diphosphate.


thioacetamide S-oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: thioacetamide + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = thioacetamide S-oxide + H2O.


spindle pole body-led chromosome movement during mitotic interphase

A microtubule-based process in which chromosomes migrate as a result of rapid spindle pole body (SPB) and centrosome oscillations during mitotic interphase.


meiotic S phase

The cell cycle phase, following G1, during which DNA synthesis takes place as part of a meiotic cell cycle.


sorocarp morphogenesis

The process in which the sorocarp is generated and organized. An example of this process is found in Dictyostelium discoideum.


isocitrate epimerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-threo-isocitrate = D-erythro-isocitrate.


peptidyl-leucine modification

The modification of peptidyl-leucine.


regulation of T cell costimulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell costimulation.


fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in forebrain neuroblast division

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands that contributes to the self renewal of neuroblasts in the forebrain.


regulation of renal system process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a system process, a multicellular organismal process carried out by the renal system.


boss receptor activity

Combining with a protein bride of sevenless (boss) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: ditrans,polycis-undecaprenyl phosphate + UDP-N,N'-diacetylbacillosamine <=> N,N'-diacetyl-alpha-D-bacillosaminyl-diphospho-tri-trans,hepta-cis-undecaprenol + UMP.


xylogalacturonan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylogalacturonan, a pectin characterized by a backbone of alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues substituted on C-3 with beta-D-xylopyranose residues.


dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve morphogenesis

The process in which the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.


guanosine tetraphosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.


2-ethylmalate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxobutanate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (R)-2-ethylmalate + CoA + H+.


chitin disaccharide deacetylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-(acetylamino)-4-O-[2-(acetylamino)-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose + H2O = 2-(acetylamino)-4-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose + acetate.


lateral cortical node assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a lateral cortical node.


Viteagnusin D synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + peregrinol diphosphate = diphosphate + viteagnusin D.


cellular response to Aroclor 1254

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an Aroclor 1254 stimulus.


compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an eye photoreceptor cell.


phosphorelay signal transduction system

A conserved series of molecular signals found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; involves autophosphorylation of a histidine kinase and the transfer of the phosphate group to an aspartate that then acts as a phospho-donor to response regulator proteins.


positive regulation of semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway involved in outflow tract morphogenesis.


autotransporter activity

Transports a passenger protein from the periplasm to the external milieu; the passenger protein and the porin are the N- and C-terminal regions of the same protein, respectively.


response to jasmonic acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a jasmonic acid stimulus.


coenzyme F390-A hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: coenzyme F390-A = AMP + coenzyme F420.


low-density lipoprotein particle disassembly involved in cholesterol transport

The disassembly into constituent parts of the low-density lipoprotein particle in the lysosome that contributes to cholesterol transport.


vascular cord development

The progression of the vascular cord over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The vascular cord is the primordial vasculature that will develop into blood vessels by the process of tubulogenesis.


cyclopentanol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyclopentanol.


cellular response to ciliary neurotrophic factor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ciliary neurotrophic factor stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + UDP-N-acetylglucosamine = [acyl-carrier protein] + UDP-3-O-(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine.


glucuronoside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.


acetoacetyl-CoA reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.


fat-soluble vitamin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of a diverse group of vitamins that are soluble in organic solvents and relatively insoluble in water.


detoxification of arsenic-containing substance

Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of compounds containing arsenic, including arsenates, arsenites, and arsenides. These include transport of such compounds away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of arsenic or arsenic-containing compounds.


flower structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the flower. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure.


Catalysis of the reaction: 7-methylthioheptyl-desulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = 7-methylthioheptyl-glucosinolate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


apoptotic process involved in atrial ventricular junction remodeling

Any apoptotic process that contributes to the reorganization of tissue resulting in the maturation of the atrial ventricular junction.


response to low fluence blue light stimulus by blue low-fluence system

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the detection of a low fluence blue light stimulus by the blue low-fluence system. Blue light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of between 440 and 500nm. The blue low-fluence system responds to blue light at or below 0.1 micromols/m2. In certain species excitation of the blue low fluence system induces the transcription of a number of nuclear and plastid coded genes.


positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of bacterium

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a bacterium by a neutrophil.


positive regulation of erythrophore differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of erythrophore differentiation.


response to deep water

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a deep water stimulus, being immersed in standing deep water throughout the life cycle.


taxifolin 8-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: taxifolin + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 2,3-dihydrogossypetin + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


chlorophyll(ide) b reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 71-hydroxychlorophyll(ide) a + NAD(P)+ = chlorophyll(ide) b + NAD(P)H + H+.


regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development.


detection of disaccharide stimulus

The series of events in which a stimulus from a disaccharide is received and converted into a molecular signal.


3-methylquinoline catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-methylquinoline, C10H9N, an aromatic compound composed of a benzene ring and a heterocyclic N-containing ring.


ent-kaurene oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + NADPH + ent-kaur-16-ene + oxygen = H2O + NADP+ + ent-kaur-16-en-19-ol.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactosyl-3-(N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl)-L-serine + H2O = D-galactosyl-3-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine + L-serine.


negative regulation of exit from meiosis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of exit from meiosis.


carbamoyl-serine ammonia-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O-carbamoyl-L-serine + H2O + H+ = CO2 + 2 NH4 + pyruvate.


Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylglycerol + membrane-derived-oligosaccharide D-glucose = 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + membrane-derived-oligosaccharide 6-(glycerophospho)-D-glucose.


glucosinolate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucosinolates, substituted thioglucosides found in rapeseed products and related cruciferae.


imaginal disc-derived wing margin morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the imaginal disc-derived wing margin are generated and organized. The wing margin is a strip of cells in the third instar disc at the boundary between the presumptive dorsal and ventral surfaces of the wing blade.


beta-alanine biosynthetic process via 1,3 diaminopropane

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-alanine via the intermediate 1,3 diaminopropane.


pharyngeal muscle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pharyngeal muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pharyngeal muscle is any muscle that forms part of the pharynx.


dGDP metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving dGDP, deoxyguanosine diphosphate, (2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate).


purine imidazole-ring cyclase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: DNA 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine = DNA adenine + H2O.


O-malonyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a malonyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.


acetate ester metabolic process involved in fermentation

Any acetate ester metabolic process that is involved in fermentation.


O-octanoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an octanoyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.


arabinan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arabinan, a polysaccharide composed of arabinose residues.


creatinine deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: creatinine + H2O = N-methylhydantoin + NH3.


negative regulation of potassium ion import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion import across the plasma membrane.


magnesium protoporphyrin IX methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+ + magnesium protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester.


mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex.


organic heteropentacyclic compound biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic heteropentacyclic compound.


imaginal disc-derived female genitalia development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the female genitalia over time, from formation as part of the genital disc to the mature structure. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


ribitol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ribitol, a pentitol derived formally by reduction of the -CHO group of either D- or L-ribose.


carotene beta-ring hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a carotene + a reduced electron acceptor + O2 = C3-hydroxylated carotene + an oxidized electron acceptor + H2O. This is a general reaction to represent the C3 hydroxylation of the beta ring of a carotene.


lactate fermentation to propionate and acetate

The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of lactate to propionate, concomitant with the oxidation of lactate to acetate and CO2 and yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).


regulation of hydrolase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.


propionate kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + propanoate = ADP + propanoyl phosphate.


positive regulation of meiotic sister chromatid arm separation

Any process that increases the rate or exent of meiotic sister chromatid arm separation, the cell cycle process in which sister chromatid arms are physically detached from each other during meiosis.


colon epithelial cell chemotaxis

The directed movement of a colon epithelial cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).


mannosylglycerate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannosylglycerate, a very common compatible solute in thermophilic and hyperthermophilic organisms.


tellurite methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to tellurite [TeO3(2-)]. Methylated derivatives of tellurite include Te(CH3)2 (dimethyltelluride) and Te2(CH3)2 (dimethylditelluride).


modulation by symbiont of host cholinergic synaptic transmission

Any process in which a symbiont organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholinergic synaptic transmission, communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse via the neurotransmitter choline, in its host organism.


phosphoadenylyl-sulfate reductase (thioredoxin) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate + H+ + sulfite + thioredoxin disulfide = 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate + thioredoxin. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin; 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate is also known as PAPS.


acetate kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + acetate = ADP + acetyl phosphate.


autoinducer-2 kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4,5-dihydroxy-pentane-2,3-dione + ATP = 5-phospho-4-hydroxy-pentane-2,3-dione (P-DPD) + ADP.


phylloquinone metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phylloquinone, a quinone-derived compound synthesized by green plants. Phylloquinone has vitamin K activity and is known as vitamin K1.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucosinolate(out) + H+(out) = glucosinolate(in) + H+(in).


convergent extension involved in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis

The morphogenetic process in which the wing epithelium narrows along one axis and lengthens in a perpendicular axis that contributes to imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis.


mitotic metaphase

The cell cycle phase, following prophase, during which chromosomes become aligned on the equatorial plate of the cell as part of a mitotic cell cycle.


thebaine 6-O-demethylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: thebaine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 <=> neopinone + formaldehyde + succinate + carbon dioxide.


positive regulation of galactomannan catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of galactomannan catabolic process.


rhombomere 7 structural organization

The process that contributes to creating the structural organization of rhombomere 7. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order.


cardiac cell fate commitment

The commitment of cells to specific cardiac cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into cardiac cells. Cardiac cells are cells that comprise the organ which pumps blood through the circulatory system.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving (25S)-Delta(4)-dafachronate.


horizontal gene transfer

The introduction of genetic information into a cell to create a genetically different individual, without production of new individuals.


Group III intron splicing

The splicing of Group III introns. This occurs by a ribozymic mechanism where the intron sequence forms a distinct 3D structure, characteristic of Group III introns, that is involved in catalyzing the splicing reactions, though protein factors are also required in vivo. Splicing occurs by a series of two transesterification reactions begun by a bulged adenosine residue within the intron sequence as the initiating nucleophile. The intron is excised as a lariat. Though very similar in structure and mechanism to Group II introns, Group III introns are smaller and more streamlined and the splice site consensus sequences are not as well conserved.


3-formylsalicylate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-formylsalicylic acid + O2 + H2O = 2-hydroxyisophthalic acid + hydrogen peroxide.


Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from N-nitrosodimethylamine.


transcription antitermination factor activity, DNA binding

Binds to DNA, typically within region of the promoter and transcribed region, to promote readthrough of a transcription termination site and thus extending the length of the RNA transcript produced. Examples of antitermination factors which bind DNA include the lambda Q protein.


Catalysis of the reaction: malonyl-CoA + an anthocyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside = CoA + an anthocyanidin 3-O-(6-O-malonyl-beta-D-glucoside).


proestrus

The estrous cycle phase in which there is heightened follicular activity.


carbon-nitrogen lyase activity

Catalysis of the release of ammonia or one of its derivatives, with the formation of a double bond or ring. Enzymes with this activity may catalyze the actual elimination of the ammonia, amine or amide, e.g. CH-CH(-NH-R) = C=CH- + NH2-R. Others, however, catalyze elimination of another component, e.g. water, which is followed by spontaneous reactions that lead to breakage of the C-N bond, e.g. L-serine ammonia-lyase (EC:4.3.1.17), so that the overall reaction is C(-OH)-CH(-NH2) = CH2-CO- + NH3, i.e. an elimination with rearrangement. The sub-subclasses of EC:4.3 are the ammonia-lyases (EC:4.3.1), lyases acting on amides, amidines, etc. (EC:4.3.2), the amine-lyases (EC:4.3.3), and other carbon-nitrogen lyases (EC:4.3.99).


hamamelose kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-hamamelose + ATP = D-hamamelose 2'-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S,S-dimethyl-beta-propiothetin.


negative regulation of ERBB3 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ERBB3 signaling pathway.


regulation of thioredoxin peroxidase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of thioredoxin peroxidase activity.


(-)-menthol monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-menthol + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 1,4-menthane-3,8-diol + H2O + NADP+.


negative regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B- or T cell.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinopyranose.


short-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a short-chain fatty acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA. A short-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with an aliphatic tail of less than 6 carbons.


effector-mediated modulation of host defenses by symbiont

A process mediated by a molecule secreted by a symbiont that results in the modulation (either activation or suppression) of a defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


stearoyl-[acp] desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + a stearoyl-[acp] + a reduced ferredoxin = 2 H2O + an oleoyl-[acp] + an oxidized ferredoxin.


negative regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha signaling pathway.


L-dopa biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-dopa.


regulation of positive chemotaxis to cAMP by DIF-2

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of directed movement of a motile cell or organism up a concentration gradient of 3',5'-cAMP by the action of DIF-2. DIF-2 is a chlorinated alkylphenone.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4'-demethylrebeccamycin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> H+ + rebeccamycin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


phosphotransferase activity, nitrogenous group as acceptor

Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to a nitrogenous group (acceptor).


shikimate 3-dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: shikimate + NAD+ = 3-dehydroshikimate + NADH + H+.


regulation of sevenless signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the sevenless signaling pathway.


Catalysis of the reaction: (3R)-3-hydroxy-16-methoxy-2,3-dihydrotabersonine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + deacetoxyvindoline + H+.


negative regulation of L-glutamine biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of L-glutamine biosynthesis.


alanine dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-alanine + H2O + NAD+ = pyruvate + NH3 + NADH + H+.


cheating during chimeric sorocarp development

Any process during chimeric sorocarp development that increases by which a cell increases the number of spore cells sharing its genotype at the expense of cells of other genotypes.


female analia development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the analia of the female over time, from formation to the mature structure. The analia is the posterior-most vertral appendage that develops from the genital disc. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


mandelate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving mandelate, the anion of mandelic acid. Mandelic acid (alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid) is an 8-carbon alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is used in organic chemistry and as a urinary antiseptic.


blood coagulation, extrinsic pathway

A protein activation cascade that contributes to blood coagulation and consists of the self-limited process linking exposure and activation of tissue factor to the activation of clotting factor X.


positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrate.


cis-14-hydroxy-10,13-dioxo-7-heptadecenoic acid peptidyl-aspartate ester biosynthetic process from peptidyl-aspartic acid

The modification of peptidyl-aspartic acid to form peptidyl-cis-14-hydroxy-10,13-dioxo-7-heptadecenoic acid aspartate ester, typical of the barley lipid transfer protein 1.


metanephric glomerular epithelial cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a metanephric glomerular epithelial cell. Metanephric glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the metanephric glomerulus; there are two types, metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells and metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cells.


protein cis-autophosphorylation

The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues.


specification of sepal identity

The process in which a floral organ primordium acquires sepal identity. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


rRNA (uridine) methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing methyluridine.


regulation of ATP citrate synthase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ATP citrate synthase activity.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = (-)-E-beta-caryophyllene + diphosphate.


modulation by symbiont of host erythrocyte aggregation

Any process in which a symbiont organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte aggregation in its host organism, e.g. the binding of parasite-infected erythrocytes to uninfected erythrocytes.


3-hydroxyanthranilate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxyanthranilate + O2 = 6-imino-5-oxocyclohexa-1,3-dienecarboxylate + H2O2.


nicotinamidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: nicotinamide + H2O = nicotinate + NH3.


trichloroethylene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of trichloroethylene, a toxic, colorless, photoreactive, chlorinated hydrocarbon liquid, commonly used as a metal degreaser and solvent.


fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite monooxygenase (deformylase) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = formate + 2 H+ + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + primary fluorescent dioxobilin-type chlorophyll catabolite.


ergothioneine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of ergothioneine from one side of a membrane to the other.


negative regulation of intracellular lipid transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of lipids within cells.


negative regulation of R8 cell spacing in compound eye

Any process that stops or prevents the correct R8 cell spacing pattern in a compound eye.


Catalysis of the reduction of a peptide-linked oxazoline to oxazole.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxymugineate + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = CO2 + H+ + mugineate + succinate.


tectospinal tract morphogenesis

Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the superior colliculus of the midbrain towards target cells in the ventral spinal cord.


response to decane

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a decane stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-D-fucose + NADP+ = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucose + H+ + NADPH.


regulation of myofibril size

Any process that modulates the size of myofibrils. A myofibril is the contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle. It is a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism.


W-molybdopterin cofactor metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the W-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear tungsten ion (W) coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.


envenomation resulting in positive regulation of mast cell degranulation in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant positive regulation of blood mast cell degranulation in the bitten organism.


formin-nucleated actin cable organization

A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a formin-nucleated actin cable.


rolling circle double-stranded viral DNA replication

A rolling circle viral DNA replication that begins with a double-stranded viral DNA genome.


malonyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a malonyl (HOOC-CH2-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule.


germacradienol synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate + H2O = (1E,4S,5E,7R)-germacra-1(10),5-dien-11-ol + diphosphate.


regulation of lung ciliated cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lung ciliated cell differentiation.


genital disc morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures derived from the genital disc are generated and organized. This includes the transformation of a genital imaginal disc from a monolayered epithelium in the larvae of holometabolous insects into the recognizable adult genital structures, the anal plates and the hind gut.


[isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+)] kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + (isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP)) = ADP + (isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP)) phosphate.


peptidyl-lysine succinylation

The modification of a peptidyl-lysine residue by the addition of a succinyl group (CO-CH2-CH2-CO) to form N6-succinyl-L-lysine.


5' overhang single-stranded DNA endodeoxyribonuclease activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within 5' overhang single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks.


vanillin dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + NAD+ + vanillin = 2 H+ + NADH + vanillate.


myeloid leukocyte cytokine production

Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a myeloid cell.


post-embryonic anterior midgut (ectodermal) morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the anterior midgut (ectodermal) are generated and organized, during the post-embryonic phase.


peptidyl-S-farnesyl-L-cysteine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-cysteine

The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-farnesyl-L-cysteine; formation of S-farnesycysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CXXX motif and methyl esterification of the farnesylated cysteine; the residue may be found at the first position in the sequence motif C-X-X-(SAQCMT)* where the second and third positions are usually aliphatic.


ABC-type capsular-polysaccharide transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + capsular polysaccharide(in) = ADP + phosphate + capsular polysaccharide(out).


ligand-gated monoatomic cation channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an inorganic cation by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


negative regulation of cytokinesis, site selection

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of site selection that occurs as part of cytokinesis.


heat dissipation

Any homeostatic process in which an organism releases excess heat to the environment, thereby lowering its internal temperature.


callose deposition in phloem sieve plate

Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, phloem sieve plate. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls.


acyl glucuronidation

The modification of an substrate by the conjugation of glucuronic acid to form an acyl-glucuronide (also called an acyl-glucuronoside).


regulation of dense core granule biogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dense core granule biogenesis.


post-embryonic pelvic fin morphogenesis

The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the pelvic fin are generated and organized. The pelvic fins are bilaterally paired fins mounted in a ventral-lateral position on most fish. These fins are used primarily for lateral mobility and propulsion.


Catalysis of the ATP-dependent dehydration of t6A to form cyclic t6A.


salivary gland boundary specification

Determination of where the salivary gland forms, the total number of salivary gland cells and how many cells are allocated to each of the specialised cell types within the salivary gland.


pons formation

The process that gives rise to the pons. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The pons lies above the medulla and next to the cerebellum. The pons conveys information about movement from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum.


6-sulfoquinovose(1-) catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-sulfoquinovose(1-).


positive regulation of toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway.


5(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-HETE + NADP+ = 5-oxo-ETE + NADPH + H+.


muconate cycloisomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = cis,cis-hexadienedioate.


11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase [NAD(P)] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an 11-beta-hydroxysteroid + NAD(P)+ = an 11-oxosteroid + NAD(P)H + H+.


protein activation cascade

A sequential series of modifications to a set of proteins where the product of one reaction catalyzes the following reaction, ultimately leading to the generation of a mature protein. Modifications typically include proteolysis or covalent modification, and may also include binding events.


polymannuronate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of the D-mannuronide linkages of polymannuronate.


N-carbamoylsarcosine amidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-carbamoylsarcosine + H2O + 2 H+ = CO2 + NH4 + sarcosine.


positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a symbiont target cell by a neutrophil.


Catalysis of the formation of delta-(L-alpha-aminoadipyl)-L-cysteinyl-D-valine from constituent amino acids and ATP in the presence of magnesium ions and dithioerythritol.


alpha-keto amide reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-keto amide + 2 H+ (from donor) = (R)-hydroxy amide. Alpha-keto amides are of the form R-CO-CONH2, where R may be aromatic or aliphatic.


positive regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzoyl CoA + chloride.


ABC-type D-xylose transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + D-xylose(out) -> ADP + phosphate + D-xylose(in).


histone H3-K4 demethylation, trimethyl-H3-K4-specific

The modification of histone H3 by the removal of a methyl group from a trimetylated lysine at position 4 of the histone.


syncytium formation by mitosis without cytokinesis

The formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by one or more rounds of nuclear division without cytokinesis.


nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity, against a concentration gradient

Enables the transfer of a nucleoside, from one side of a membrane to the other, up a concentration gradient.


protein localization to basal ectoplasmic specialization

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a basal ectoplasmic specialization.


regulation of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NAD(P)H) activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NAD(P)H) activity.


sesquiterpenoid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sesquiterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with three isoprene units.


beta-L-arabinosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a beta-L-arabinoside = L-arabinose + an alcohol.


germarium-derived egg chamber formation

Construction of a stage-1 egg chamber in the anterior part of the germarium, from the progeny of germ-line and somatic stem cells. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


defecation rhythm

The rhythmic process of defecation that consists of an intestinal oscillator which regulates calcium waves. These waves in turn control a stereotypical, three-part pattern of muscle contractions. In some organisms, defecation can recur with a regularity more frequent than every 24 hours. For example, in a well-fed Caenorhabditis elegans, the defecation motor program occurs approximately every 45 seconds, and is temperature- and touch-compensated.


modulation by symbiont of ethylene levels in host

The alteration by an organism of the levels of ethylene in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of peptidoglycan recognition protein signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the peptidoglycan recognition protein signaling pathway.


beak formation

The process that gives rise to the beak. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The avian beak is an external anatomical structure, in the head region, that is adapted for feeding self and young, catching prey, probing, etc. It encompasses, but is not restricted to, the maxilla, mandible, maxillary rhamphotheca, mandibular rhamphotheca, nostril, nasal fossa, nasal bones, egg tooth and rictus.


3,5-xylenol methylhydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxytoluene + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol.


all-trans-nonaprenyl-diphosphate synthase (geranylgeranyl-diphosphate specific) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeranyl diphosphate + 5 isopentenyl diphosphate = 5 diphosphate + all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate.


larval locomotory behavior

Locomotory behavior in a larval (immature) organism.


[chondroitin sulfate]-D-glucuronyl 2-O-sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphonato-5'-adenylyl sulfate + [chondroitin-sulfate]-beta-D-glucuronate = adenosine 3',5'-bismonophosphate + [chondroitin-sulfate]-2-O-sulfo-beta-D-glucuronate.


bile-acid 7alpha-dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-3-oxochol-4-en-24-oate = 12alpha-hydroxy-3-oxochola-4,6-dien-24-oate + H2O.


positive regulation of establishment or maintenance of cell polarity regulating cell shape

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or maintenance of cell polarity regulating cell shape.


N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid binding

Binding to N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid, an auxin transport inhibitor.


tyramine-beta hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the hydroxylation of tyramine to form octopamine.


protein localization involved in acrosome reaction

The actin-based process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in the sperm as part of the acrosome reaction.


thermospermine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methioninamine + spermidine = S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + thermospermine + H+.


protein localization to chloroplast starch grain

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a chloroplast starch grain.


seed development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seed over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A seed is a propagating organ formed in the sexual reproductive cycle of gymnosperms and angiosperms, consisting of a protective coat enclosing an embryo and food reserves.


negative regulation of cerebral blood circulation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cerebral blood circulation.


box C/D RNA processing

Any process involved in the conversion of a primary box C/D type small RNA transcript into a mature box C/D RNA.


RNA localization to nucleus

A macromolecular localization process in which RNA is transported to and maintained in a location within the nucleus.


positive regulation of adult somatic muscle development

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of adult somatic muscle development.


envenomation resulting in negative regulation of blood pressure in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant decrease of the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system of the bitten/stung organism.


negative regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the compound eye retina.


cellular response to bacteriocin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacteriocin stimulus. A bacteriocin is a protein substance released by certain bacteria that kills but does not lyse closely related strains of bacteria. Specific bacteriocins attach to specific receptors on cell walls and induce specific metabolic block, e.g. cessation of nucleic acid or protein synthesis of oxidative phosphorylation.


epinephrine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of epinephrine, a hormone produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands that increases heart activity, improves the power and prolongs the action of muscles, and increases the rate and depth of breathing. It is synthesized by the methylation of norepinephrine.


fucosterol-epoxide lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (24R,24'R)-fucosterol epoxide = acetaldehyde + desmosterol.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)uric acid + phosphate = alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate + H+ + urate.


response to mannitol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mannitol stimulus.


UDP-D-galactose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-D-galactose, a substance composed of D-galactose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.


metaxylem development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metaxylem over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metaxylem is the part of the primary xylem that differentiates after the protoxylem and before the secondary xylem, if any of the latter is formed.


protein N-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation via asparagine

A process of protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine in which N-acetylglucosamine is added to the N4 of asparagine, forming an (S)-2-amino-4-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)amino-4-oxobutanoic acid residue.


detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of gravity

The series of events involved in the perception of gravity in which a sensory mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


averantin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving averantin.


regulation of leucophore differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leucophore differentiation.


regulation of cellular response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus.


detection of glucocorticoid hormone stimulus

The series of events by which a glucocorticoid hormone stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects.


central B cell anergy

Any process contributing to anergy, a state of functional inactivation that occurs as part of tolerance induction, in B cells in the bone marrow.


establishment of mitochondrion localization by microtubule attachment

The directed movement of a mitochondrion by attachment to a microtubule, followed by elongation of the microtubule by tubulin polymerization.


3-ketovalidoxylamine C-N-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-nitrophenyl-3-ketovalidamine = 4-nitroaniline + 5-D-(5/6)-5-C-(hydroxymethyl)-2,6-dihydroxycyclohex-2-en-1-one + H+.


positive regulation of development of symbiont in host

Any process in which the symbiont activates or maintains its progression from an initial condition to a later condition, within the cells or tissues of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in the symbiotic interaction.


sucrose synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + D-fructose = UDP + sucrose.


specification of carpel identity

The process in which a floral organ primordium acquires the carpel identity. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


positive regulation of aecium development

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aecium development, a process in which a cuplike structure containing chains of aeciospores is formed.


positive regulation of animal organ morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of animal organ morphogenesis.


positive regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte mediated immunity.


plant-type cell wall cellulose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cellulose, a linear beta1-4 glucan of molecular mass 50-400 kDa with the pyranose units in the -4C1 conformation, which forms part of the cell wall.


pregnan-21-ol dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + pregnan-21-ol = H+ + NADH + pregnan-21-al.


zerumbone synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 8-hydroxy-alpha-humulene + NAD <=> zerumbone + NADH + H+.


negative regulation of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis.


phenylcoumaran benzylic ether reductase activity

Catalysis of the NADPH-dependent 7-O-4' reduction of phenylcoumaran lignans to the corresponding diphenols; for example, catalysis of the reaction: dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol + NADPH + H+ = isodihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol + NADP+.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-D-glucosamine phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + D-glucosamine(out) = protein histidine + glucosamine-6-phosphate(in).


mating type determination

Any process that establishes and transmits the specification of mating type upon an individual. Mating types are the equivalent in microorganisms of the sexes in higher organisms.


angioblast cell migration involved in selective angioblast sprouting

The directional migration of angioblast cells as part of selective angioblast sprouting, which results in angioblast segregation into arterial and venous populations.


semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a semaphorin receptor (composed of a plexin and a neurophilin) binding to a semaphorin ligand that contributes to outflow tract morphogenesis.


germ-line stem-cell niche homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state within the germ-line stem-cell niche. This includes control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function that allows the niche to continue to function. A gem-line stem-cell niche is an anatomical structure that regulates how germ-line stem-cells are used and saves them from depletion.


plant organ development

Development of a plant organ, a multi-tissue plant structure that forms a functional unit.


negative regulation of voltage-gated sodium channel activity in another organism

Any process in which an organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a voltage-gated sodium channel in another organism.


plant epidermal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a plant epidermal cell.


negative regulation of D-aspartate import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed import of D-aspartate from the extracellular region across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


positive regulation of embryonic camera-type eye development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic camera-type eye development.


protein flavinylation

The addition of a flavin group to a protein amino acid.


pyridine-3,4-diol dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pryidine-3,4-diol + O2 = 3-(N-formyl)-formiminopyruvate.