PLCH2_HUMAN 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase eta-2 (sprot)

A 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase eta-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SRGP2_HUMAN SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase-activating protein 2 (sprot)

A SLIT-ROBO Rho GTPase-activating protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


lamellipodium assembly involved in ameboidal cell migration

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell that contributes to the directed self propelled movement of a cell.


extension of a leading process involved in cell motility in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

The rearrangements of the microtubule cytoskeleton that result in the extension of a leading process, where this process is involved in the movement of cells along radial glial cells.


actin filament severing

The process in which an actin filament is broken down into smaller filaments.


negative regulation of neuron migration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron migration.


dendritic spine head

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Distal part of the dendritic spine, that carries the post-synaptic density.


PLXA2_HUMAN Plexin-A2 (sprot)

A plexin-A2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cerebellar granule cell precursor tangential migration

The early migration of granule cell precursors in which cells move orthogonal to the direction of radial migration and ultimately cover the superficial zone of the cerebellar primordium.


CAPON_HUMAN Carboxyl-terminal PDZ ligand of neuronal nitric oxide synthase protein (sprot)

A carboxyl-terminal PDZ ligand of neuronal nitric oxide synthase protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of heart rate by chemical signal

The regulation of the rate of heart contraction mediated by chemical signaling, hormonal, autocrine or paracrine.


positive regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction. Nitric oxide mediated signal transduction is The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of nitric oxide (NO).


regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity

Any process that modulates the activity of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase.


regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization

Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in the polarizing direction towards the resting potential in a ventricular cardiomyocyte.


regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a cardiac muscle cell. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.


regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity.


positive regulation of delayed rectifier potassium channel activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of delayed rectifier potassium channel activity.


regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport via high voltage-gated calcium channel

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of generation of calcium ion transmembrane transport via high voltage-gated calcium channel.


positive regulation of voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization.


positive regulation of peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation.


IGSF3_HUMAN Immunoglobulin superfamily member 3 (sprot)

An immunoglobulin superfamily member 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SDC3_HUMAN Syndecan-3 (sprot)

A syndecan-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


microspike

A dynamic, actin-rich projection extending from the surface of a migrating animal cell.


AUXI_HUMAN Putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin (sprot)

A putative tyrosine-protein phosphatase auxilin that is encoded in the genome of human.


extrinsic component of presynaptic endocytic zone membrane

The component of the presynaptic endocytic zone membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


XYLK_HUMAN Glycosaminoglycan xylosylkinase (sprot)

A glycosaminoglycan xylosylkinase that is encoded in the genome of human.


phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor).


DEN4B_HUMAN DENN domain-containing protein 4B (sprot)

A DENN domain-containing protein 4B that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of Rab protein signal transduction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rab protein signal transduction.


TMCC2_HUMAN Transmembrane and coiled-coil domains protein 2 (sprot)

A transmembrane and coiled-coil domains protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


amyloid precursor protein metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of amyloid-beta, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease.


EFC14_HUMAN EF-hand calcium-binding domain-containing protein 14 (sprot)

An EF-hand calcium-binding domain-containing protein 14 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FKTN_HUMAN Ribitol-5-phosphate transferase FKTN (sprot)

A ribitol-5-phosphate transferase FKTN that is encoded in the genome of human.


phosphotransferase activity, for other substituted phosphate groups

Catalysis of the transfer of a substituted phosphate group, other than diphosphate or nucleotidyl residues, from one compound (donor) to a another (acceptor).


regulation of protein glycosylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein glycosylation. Protein glycosylation is the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins.


LRP3_HUMAN Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 3 (sprot)

A low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ADA23_HUMAN Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 23 (sprot)

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 23 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ADA11_HUMAN Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 11 (sprot)

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 11 that is encoded in the genome of human.


multicellular organismal response to stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a multicellular organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation).


behavioral response to acetic acid induced pain

Any process that results in a change in the behaviour of an organism as a result of an acetic acid pain stimulus.


behavioral response to formalin induced pain

Any process that results in a change in the behaviour of an organism as a result of a formalin pain stimulus.


MTG16_HUMAN Protein CBFA2T3 (sprot)

A protein CBFA2T3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of aerobic respiration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of aerobic respiration.


WDR1_HUMAN WD repeat-containing protein 1 (sprot)

A WD repeat-containing protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


neutrophil mediated immunity

Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a neutrophil.


actin filament fragmentation

The severing of actin filaments into numerous short fragments, usually mediated by actin severing proteins.


platelet formation

The process in which platelets bud from long processes extended by megakaryocytes.


regulation of actin filament depolymerization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the disassembly of actin filaments by the removal of actin monomers from a filament.


positive regulation of actin filament depolymerization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin depolymerization.


cortical cytoskeleton organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane.


establishment of planar polarity of follicular epithelium

Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of a follicular epithelium, such that they all orient to similar coordinates.


apical junction assembly

The formation of an apical junction, a functional unit located near the cell apex at the points of contact between epithelial cells composed of the tight junction, the zonula adherens junction and the desmosomes, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents.


neutrophil migration

The movement of a neutrophil within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


FZD7_HUMAN Frizzled-7 (sprot)

A frizzled-7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of ectodermal cell fate specification

Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from specifying into an ectoderm cell.


mesenchymal to epithelial transition

A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity, forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell.


SLIT1_HUMAN Slit homolog 1 protein (sprot)

A slit homolog 1 protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


dorsal/ventral axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone is directed to a specific target site along the dorsal-ventral body axis in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism.


forebrain morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the forebrain are generated and organized. The forebrain is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions).


SLIT3_HUMAN Slit homolog 3 protein (sprot)

A slit homolog 3 protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


Roundabout signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals initiated by a SLIT protein binding to a Roundabout (ROBO) family receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


response to cortisol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cortisol stimulus. Cortisol is the major natural glucocorticoid synthesized in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex; it affects the metabolism of glucose, protein, and fats and has appreciable mineralocorticoid activity. It also regulates the immune system and affects many other functions.


apoptotic process involved in luteolysis

The apoptotic process that contributes to luteolysis.


MEGF6_HUMAN Multiple epidermal growth factor-like domains protein 6 (sprot)

A multiple epidermal growth factor-like domains protein 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


LRP4_HUMAN Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 (sprot)

A low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


apolipoprotein binding

Binding to an apolipoprotein, the protein component of a lipoprotein complex.


positive regulation of Rac protein signal transduction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Rac protein signal transduction.


negative regulation of axonogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axonogenesis.


synaptic assembly at neuromuscular junction

The assembly of a synapse at a neuromuscular junction.


postsynaptic membrane assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynaptic membrane, a specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft).


presynaptic membrane assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a presynaptic membrane, including any proteins associated with the membrane, but excluding other cellular components. A presynaptic membrane is a specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction.


amyloid-beta clearance by cellular catabolic process

The process in which amyloid-beta is removed from extracellular brain regions by cell surface receptor-mediated endocytosis, followed by intracellular degradation.


positive regulation of presynaptic membrane organization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of presynaptic membrane organization.


positive regulation of skeletal muscle acetylcholine-gated channel clustering

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle acetylcholine-gated channel clustering.


plasma membrane raft

A membrane raft that is part of the plasma membrane.


AOC2_HUMAN Retina-specific copper amine oxidase (sprot)

A retina-specific copper amine oxidase that is encoded in the genome of human.


primary amine oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a primary amine + H2O + O2 = an aldehyde + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide.


quinone binding

Binding to a quinone, any member of a class of diketones derivable from aromatic compounds by conversion of two CH groups into CO groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds.


tryptamine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tryptamine + H2O + O2 = NH3 + indole acetaldehyde + hydrogen peroxide + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: aminoacetone + H2O + O2 = methylglyoxal + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide + H+.


phenethylamine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenylethylamine + O2 + H2O = phenylacetaldehyde + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide + H+.


catecholamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine.


ATP9A_HUMAN Probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase IIA (sprot)

A probable phospholipid-transporting ATPase IIA that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of endocytic recycling

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endocytic recycling.


LDB3_HUMAN LIM domain-binding protein 3 (sprot)

A LIM domain-binding protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


N4BP1_HUMAN NEDD4-binding protein 1 (sprot)

A NEDD4-binding protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of innate immune response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection.


ROCK2_HUMAN Rho-associated protein kinase 2 (sprot)

A Rho-associated protein kinase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


tau-protein kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + tau-protein = ADP + O-phospho-tau-protein.


Rho-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity

Rho GTPase-dependent catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.


positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division.


positive regulation of centrosome duplication

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of centrosome duplication. Centrosome duplication is the replication of a centrosome, a structure comprised of a pair of centrioles and peri-centriolar material from which a microtubule spindle apparatus is organized.


regulation of nervous system process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a neurophysiological process, an organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the nervous system.


positive regulation of connective tissue growth factor production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of connective tissue growth factor production.


negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.


regulation of keratinocyte differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte differentiation.


regulation of protein metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein.


mRNA destabilization

Any process that decreases the stability of an mRNA molecule, making it more vulnerable to degradative processes. Messenger RNA is the intermediate molecule between DNA and protein. It includes UTR and coding sequences. It does not contain introns.


negative regulation of biomineral tissue development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of biomineral tissue development, the formation of hard tissues that consist mainly of inorganic compounds.


cellular response to testosterone stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a testosterone stimulus.


response to transforming growth factor beta

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus.


positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor production

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the appearance of a fibroblast growth factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


regulation of angiotensin-activated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the angiotensin-activated signaling pathway.


negative regulation of protein localization to lysosome

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to lysosome.


regulation of cellular response to hypoxia

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to hypoxia.


positive regulation of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process.


positive regulation of protein localization to early endosome

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to early endosome.


positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process.


cellular response to acetylcholine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acetylcholine stimulus.


positive regulation of connective tissue replacement

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of connective tissue replacement.


response to angiotensin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an angiotensin stimulus. Angiotensin is any of three physiologically active peptides (angiotensin II, III, or IV) processed from angiotensinogen.


MFA3L_HUMAN Microfibrillar-associated protein 3-like (sprot)

A microfibrillar-associated protein 3-like that is encoded in the genome of human.


CLAP2_HUMAN CLIP-associating protein 2 (sprot)

A CLIP-associating protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


microtubule plus-end binding

Binding to the plus end of a microtubule.


regulation of gastrulation

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of gastrulation. Gastrulation is the complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals.


microtubule organizing center organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microtubule organizing center, a structure from which microtubules grow.


regulation of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule polymerization or depolymerization by the addition or removal of tubulin heterodimers from a microtubule.


positive regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of extracellular matrix disassembly. Extracellular matrix disassembly is a process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix.


negative regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells.


positive regulation of basement membrane assembly involved in embryonic body morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of basement membrane assembly involved in embryonic body morphogenesis.


basal cortex

The region that lies just beneath the plasma membrane on the basal edge of a cell.


ZN623_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 623 (sprot)

A zinc finger protein 623 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PTCD1_HUMAN Pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein 1, mitochondrial (sprot)

A pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


tRNA 3'-end processing

The process in which the 3' end of a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to that of a mature tRNA.


COBL_HUMAN Protein cordon-bleu (sprot)

A protein cordon-bleu that is encoded in the genome of human.


floor plate development

The progression of the floor plate over time from its initial formation until its mature state.


collateral sprouting in absence of injury

The process in which outgrowths develop from the axons of intact undamaged neurons.


actin filament network formation

The assembly of a network of actin filaments; actin filaments on different axes and with differing orientations are crosslinked together to form a mesh of filaments.


positive regulation of dendrite development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development.


positive regulation of ruffle assembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ruffle assembly.


dendritic growth cone

The migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell dendrite.


ASTN2_HUMAN Astrotactin-2 (sprot)

An astrotactin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


inositol 1,3,4,5 tetrakisphosphate binding

Binding to inositol 1,3,4,5 tetrakisphosphate.


cell pole

Either of two different areas at opposite ends of an axis of a cell.


CPNE3_HUMAN Copine-3 (sprot)

A copine-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ERBB2 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor ERBB2 on the surface of a cell. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. ERBB2 receptors are themselves unable to bind to ligands, but act as a signal-amplifying tyrosine kinase within a heterodimeric pair.


ZBED4_HUMAN Zinc finger BED domain-containing protein 4 (sprot)

A zinc finger BED domain-containing protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DEPD5_HUMAN GATOR1 complex protein DEPDC5 (sprot)

A GATOR complex protein DEPDC5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cellular response to amino acid starvation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of amino acids.


GATOR1 complex

A GTPase-activating protein (GAP) complex that regulates TORC1 signaling by interacting with the Rag GTPase. In human, the GATOR1 complex consists of DEPDC5, NPRL2, and NPRL3. In S. cerevisiae, this complex is referred to as SEACIT and contains the Iml1p, Npr2p, and Npr3p proteins.


ATG13_HUMAN Autophagy-related protein 13 (sprot)

An autophagy-related protein 13 that is encoded in the genome of human.


response to mitochondrial depolarisation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) in response to the depolarization of one or more mitochondria.


regulation of protein lipidation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein lipidation.


phagophore assembly site membrane

A cellular membrane associated with the phagophore assembly site.


phagophore assembly site

Punctate structures proximal to the endoplasmic reticulum which are the sites where the Atg machinery assembles upon autophagy induction.


Atg1/ULK1 kinase complex

A protein complex consisting of Atg1 (or Atg1 homologs e.g. ULK1, ULK2 in mammals) and Atg13 along with other proteins that regulate its function (e.g. Atg17 in yeast or RB1CC1(FIP200) in mammals). This complex has serine/threonine protein kinase activity and is involved in autophagosome formation.


ICOSL_HUMAN ICOS ligand (sprot)

An ICOS ligand that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation.


LIPA3_HUMAN Liprin-alpha-3 (sprot)

A liprin-alpha-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


epididymosome

A microvesicle of the epididymal fluid, from which spermatozoa aquire membrane proteins.


HIP1R_HUMAN Huntingtin-interacting protein 1-related protein (sprot)

A huntingtin-interacting protein 1-related protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of actin filament polymerization

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin polymerization.


negative regulation of Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation mediated by the Arp2/3 complex and interacting proteins.


digestive system development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the digestive system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The digestive system is the entire structure in which digestion takes place. Digestion is all of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by multicellular organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.


positive regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway.


positive regulation of clathrin coat assembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of clathrin coat assembly.


OBSL1_HUMAN Obscurin-like protein 1 (sprot)

An obscurin-like protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


3M complex

A protein complex, at least composed of CUL7, CCDC8 and OBSL1, that is required for maintaining microtubule and genome integrity.


BRE1B_HUMAN E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BRE1B (sprot)

An E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BRE1B that is encoded in the genome of human.


HULC complex

A ubiquitin ligase complex that contains two RING finger proteins, which have ubiquitin ligase activity, in addition to a protein with ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme activity; catalyzes the ubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine 119 (or the equivalent residue). In Schizosaccharomyces the subunits are Rhp6, Shf1, Brl2/Rfp1 and Brl1/Rfp2.


PHF2_HUMAN Lysine-specific demethylase PHF2 (sprot)

A lysine-specific demethylase PHF2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


histone H4K20 demethylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of the methyl group from a modified lysine residue at position 20 of the histone H4 protein. This is a dioxygenase reaction that is dependent on Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate.


negative regulation of rDNA heterochromatin formation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of ribosomal DNA heterochromatin formation.


ZC11A_HUMAN Zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 11A (sprot)

A zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 11A that is encoded in the genome of human.


transcription export complex

The transcription export (TREX) complex couples transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II to mRNA export. The complex associates with the polymerase and travels with it along the length of the transcribed gene. TREX is composed of the THO transcription elongation complex as well as other proteins that couple THO to mRNA export proteins. The TREX complex is known to be found in a wide range of eukaryotes, including S. cerevisiae and metazoans.


CLU_HUMAN Clustered mitochondria protein homolog (sprot)

A clustered mitochondria protein homolog that is encoded in the genome of human.


RFIP3_HUMAN Rab11 family-interacting protein 3 (sprot)

A Rab11 family-interacting protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


dynein light intermediate chain binding

Binding to a light intermediate chain of the dynein complex.


negative regulation of adiponectin secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of adiponectin from a cell.


regulation of early endosome to recycling endosome transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of early endosome to recycling endosome transport.


regulation of protein localization to centrosome

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to centrosome.


postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding a postsynaptic recycling endosome.


CAND2_HUMAN Cullin-associated NEDD8-dissociated protein 2 (sprot)

A cullin-associated NEDD8-dissociated protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


T22D2_HUMAN TSC22 domain family protein 2 (sprot)

A TSC22 domain family protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SOCS5_HUMAN Suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 (sprot)

A suppressor of cytokine signaling 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of EGF-activated receptor activity.


negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 2 cell differentiation.


negative regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of monocyte chemotactic protein-1.


vascular endothelial cell response to fluid shear stress

Any response to fluid shear stress in a vascular endothelial cell.


NPHP4_HUMAN Nephrocystin-4 (sprot)

A nephrocystin-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


photoreceptor cell outer segment organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level and results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the outer segment of a photoreceptor cell, a sensory cell that reacts to the presence of light. The outer segment of the photoreceptor cell contains the light-absorbing materials.


ribbon synapse

Type of synapse characterized by an electron-dense ribbon, lamella (bar) or spherical body in the presynaptic process cytoplasm.


photoreceptor distal connecting cilium

The distal region of the photoreceptor connecting cilium is structurally unique to the photoreceptor and is maintained by retina-specific protein, SPATA7, and its interacting partners RPGR and RPGRIP1. It is essential for photoreceptor sensory cilium stability.


KDM4A_HUMAN Lysine-specific demethylase 4A (sprot)

A lysine-specific demethylase 4A that is encoded in the genome of human.


histone H3K36 demethylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from a modified lysine residue at position 36 of the histone H3 protein. This is a dioxygenase reaction that is dependent on Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate.


histone H3K36me2/H3K36me3 demethylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from a tri- or a dimethyl-lysine residue at position 36 of the histone H3 protein. This is a dioxygenase reaction that is dependent on Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate.


apoptotic chromosome condensation

The compaction of chromatin during apoptosis.


response to nutrient levels

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of nutrients.


DJC13_HUMAN DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 13 (sprot)

A DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 13 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of early endosome to late endosome transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of early endosome to late endosome transport.


PHAR2_HUMAN Phosphatase and actin regulator 2 (sprot)

A phosphatase and actin regulator 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PP6R2_HUMAN Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 6 regulatory subunit 2 (sprot)

A serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 6 regulatory subunit 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATS4_HUMAN A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 (sprot)

An a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CNOT3_HUMAN CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 3 (sprot)

A CCR4-NOT transcription complex subunit 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulatory ncRNA-mediated gene silencing

A process in which an regulatory non-coding RNA molecule reduces expression of target genes. This can occur pre-transcriptionally by assembly of heterochromatin and prevention of transcription or co- or post-transcriptionally by targeting RNAs for degradation or by interfering with splicing or translation. This process starts once the inhibitory RNA molecule has been transcribed, and includes processing of the RNA such as cleavage, modifications, transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, loading onto the RISC complex, and the effect on transcription or translation.


CREST_HUMAN Calcium-responsive transactivator (sprot)

A calcium-responsive transactivator that is encoded in the genome of human.


ANR17_HUMAN Ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 17 (sprot)

An ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 17 that is encoded in the genome of human.


blood vessel maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a blood vessel to attain its fully functional state.


positive regulation of MDA-5 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of MDA-5 signaling pathway.


positive regulation of RIG-I signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of RIG-I signaling pathway.


SIN3B_HUMAN Paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3b (sprot)

A paired amphipathic helix protein Sin3b that is encoded in the genome of human.


X chromosome

The sex chromosome present in both sexes of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex. Two copies of the X chromosome are present in each somatic cell of females and one copy is present in males.


Y chromosome

The sex chromosome present in males of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex; generally, the sex chromosome that pairs with the X chromosome in the heterogametic sex. The Y chromosome is absent from the cells of females and present in one copy in the somatic cells of males.


autosome

Any chromosome other than a sex chromosome.


AT2C2_HUMAN Calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 2 (sprot)

A calcium-transporting ATPase type 2C member 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


P-type manganese transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Mn2+(in) = ADP + H+ + Mn2+(out) + phosphate.


manganese ion transmembrane transport

A process in which a manganese ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


DNJB6_HUMAN DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 6 (sprot)

A DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


intermediate filament organization

Control of the spatial distribution of intermediate filaments; includes organizing filaments into meshworks, bundles, or other structures, as by cross-linking.


syncytiotrophoblast cell differentiation involved in labyrinthine layer development

The process in which a chorionic trophoblast cell acquires specialized features of a syncytiotrophoblast of the labyrinthine layer of the placenta.


chorion development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a chorion from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The chorion is an extraembryonic membrane.


negative regulation of inclusion body assembly

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of inclusion body assembly. Inclusion body assembly is the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an inclusion body.


regulation of cellular response to heat

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to heat.


XYLB_HUMAN Xylulose kinase (sprot)

A xylulose kinase that is encoded in the genome of human.


xylulokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-xylulose + ATP = D-xylulose 5-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


xylulose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylulose, the ketopentose threo-2-pentulose.


xylulose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xylulose, the ketopentose threo-2-pentulose.


glucuronate catabolic process to xylulose 5-phosphate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronate into other compounds, including xylulose 5-phosphate.


D-xylose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-xylose, a naturally occurring plant polysaccharide.


PX11A_HUMAN Peroxisomal membrane protein 11A (sprot)

A peroxisomal membrane protein 11A that is encoded in the genome of human.


peroxisome membrane biogenesis

The process in which a peroxisome membrane is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together.


regulation of peroxisome size

Any process that modulates the volume of a peroxisome, a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules.


LRP5_HUMAN Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (sprot)

A low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


amino acid transport

The directed movement of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


mesodermal cell migration

The orderly movement of mesodermal cells from one site to another.


extracellular matrix-cell signaling

Any process that mediates the transfer of information between the extracellular matrix and a cell.


cell migration involved in gastrulation

The migration of individual cells within the blastocyst to help establish the multi-layered body plan of the organism (gastrulation). For example, the migration of cells from the surface to the interior of the embryo (ingression).


bone marrow development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the bone marrow over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


anatomical structure regression

The developmental process in which an anatomical stucture is destroyed as a part of its normal progression.


cell-cell signaling involved in mammary gland development

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the progression of the mammary gland, from its initial state to the mature structure.


retinal blood vessel morphogenesis

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity.


Norrin signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of the cysteine knot protein Norrin to a Frizzled 4 (Fzd4) family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state.


apoptotic process involved in blood vessel morphogenesis

Any apoptotic process that is involved in blood vessel morphogenesis.


Wnt-Frizzled-LRP5/6 complex

A protein complex containing a secreted Wnt protein associated with its receptor, Frizzled (Fz), and co-receptor low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) or LRP6.


NPIB7_HUMAN Nuclear pore complex-interacting protein family member B7 (sprot)

A nuclear pore complex-interacting protein family member B7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TM127_HUMAN Transmembrane protein 127 (sprot)

A transmembrane protein 127 that is encoded in the genome of human.


COQ9_HUMAN Ubiquinone biosynthesis protein COQ9, mitochondrial (sprot)

A ubiquinone biosynthesis protein COQ9, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


ubiquinone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ubiquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme.


ubiquinone biosynthesis complex

The cytosolic ubiquinone biosynthesis complex is composed of enzymes and accessory factors of the ubiquinone biosynthesis pathway and enables synthesis of the extremely hydrophobic molecule ubiquinone. In E. coli, the complex is composed of seven proteins: UbiE, F, G, H, I, J and K.


A gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (5-L-glutamyl)-L-amino acid = 5-oxoproline + L-amino acid.


NDUS7_HUMAN NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial (sprot)

An NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 7, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, quinone or similar compound as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a quinone or a similar acceptor molecule.


SIM24_HUMAN Small integral membrane protein 24 (sprot)

A small integral membrane protein 24 that is encoded in the genome of human.


Z780A_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 780A (sprot)

A zinc finger protein 780A that is encoded in the genome of human.


GA45B_HUMAN Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta (sprot)

A growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


RTN2_HUMAN Reticulon-2 (sprot)

A reticulon-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of glucose import

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.


intracellular protein transmembrane transport

The directed movement of proteins in a cell, from one side of a membrane to another by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


terminal cisterna

The portion of sarcoplasmic reticulum devoted to calcium ion storage and calcium ion release.


NDUS2_HUMAN NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial (sprot)

An NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


oxygen sensor activity

Binding to and responding, e.g. by conformational change, to changes in the cellular level of oxygen (O2).


gliogenesis

The process that results in the generation of glial cells. This includes the production of glial progenitors and their differentiation into mature glia.


mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport

The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP, as it occurs in the mitochondrial inner membrane or chloroplast thylakoid membrane.


neural precursor cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of neural precursor cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. A neural precursor cell is either a nervous system stem cell or a nervous system progenitor cell.


cellular response to oxygen levels

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of oxygen.


CAD16_HUMAN Cadherin-16 (sprot)

A cadherin-16 that is encoded in the genome of human.


calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules

The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that require the presence of calcium for the interaction.


UDB11_HUMAN UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B11 (sprot)

A UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B11 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GLRA3_HUMAN Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3 (sprot)

A glycine receptor subunit alpha-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


extracellularly glycine-gated chloride channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when glycine is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.


glycine-gated chloride ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when glycine has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


glycine-gated chloride channel complex

A protein complex that forms a transmembrane channel through which chloride ions may pass in response to glycine binding to the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


ZPR1_HUMAN Zinc finger protein ZPR1 (sprot)

A zinc finger protein ZPR1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


trophectodermal cell proliferation

The proliferation of cells in the trophectoderm.


Cajal body organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of Cajal bodies, nuclear bodies that appear ultrastructurally as a tangle of coiled, electron-dense threads roughly 0.5 micrometers in diameter and are enriched in ribonucleoproteins, and certain general RNA polymerase II transcription factors.


regulation of myelination

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons.


positive regulation of RNA splicing

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of RNA splicing.


DNA endoreduplication

Regulated re-replication of DNA within a single cell cycle, resulting in an increased cell ploidy. An example of this process occurs in the synthesis of Drosophila salivary gland cell polytene chromosomes.


positive regulation of growth

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism.


pre-mRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the unspliced pre-mRNA (pre-messenger RNA).


negative regulation of motor neuron apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron apoptotic process.


UBP12_HUMAN Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 12 (sprot)

A ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 12 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DUS11_HUMAN RNA/RNP complex-1-interacting phosphatase (sprot)

An RNA/RNP complex-1-interacting phosphatase that is encoded in the genome of human.


phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.


NIPS2_HUMAN Protein NipSnap homolog 2 (sprot)

A protein NipSnap homolog 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


oxidative phosphorylation

The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis.


positive regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity.


SNN_HUMAN Stannin (sprot)

A stannin that is encoded in the genome of human.


LRRN2_HUMAN Leucine-rich repeat neuronal protein 2 (sprot)

A leucine-rich repeat neuronal protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SEM7A_HUMAN Semaphorin-7A (sprot)

A semaphorin-7A that is encoded in the genome of human.


olfactory lobe development

The progression of the olfactory lobe over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory lobe is the area of the brain that process the neural inputs for the sense of smell.


HMMR_HUMAN Hyaluronan mediated motility receptor (sprot)

A hyaluronan mediated motility receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


TBX10_HUMAN T-box transcription factor TBX10 (sprot)

A T-box transcription factor TBX10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


LIPA2_HUMAN Liprin-alpha-2 (sprot)

A liprin-alpha-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


structural constituent of presynapse

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a presynapse.


regulation of dendritic spine development

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of dendritic spine development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendritic spine over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


presynapse organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a presynapse.


dense core granule cytoskeletal transport

The directed movement of dense core granules along cytoskeletal fibers, such as microtubules or actin filaments.


postsynaptic specialization

A network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components.


LIPA4_HUMAN Liprin-alpha-4 (sprot)

A liprin-alpha-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CILP1_HUMAN Cartilage intermediate layer protein 1 (sprot)

A cartilage intermediate layer protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


alkaline phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum.


dinucleotide phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a dinucleotide + H2O = 2 mononucleotides.


negative regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling.


PDCD6_HUMAN Programmed cell death protein 6 (sprot)

A programmed cell death protein 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein-membrane adaptor activity

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a protein or a protein complex with a membrane, or bringing together two membranes, either via membrane lipid binding or by interacting with a membrane protein, to establish or maintain the localization of the protein, protein complex or organelle.


neural crest formation

The formation of the specialized region of ectoderm between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm. The neural crest gives rise to the neural crest cells that migrate away from this region as neural tube formation procedes.


positive regulation of protein monoubiquitination

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein monoubiquitination.


COPII vesicle coat

One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. COPII is best characterized in S. cerevisiae, where the subunits are called Sar1p, Sec13p, Sec31p, Sec23p, and Sec24p. Vesicles with COPII coats are found associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes at steady state.


LX12B_HUMAN Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R-type (sprot)

An arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase, 12R-type that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8Z,10E,12S,14Z)-12-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoate.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from one donor, and two oxygen atoms is incorporated into a donor.


isomerase activity

Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5.


arachidonate 8(R)-lipoxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8R,9E,11Z,14Z)-8-hydroperoxyicosa-5,9,11,14-tetraenoate.


Catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8Z,10E,12R,14Z)-12-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoate.


protein lipidation

The covalent attachment of lipid groups to an amino acid in a protein.


lipoxygenase pathway

The chemical reactions and pathways by which an unsaturated fatty acid (such as arachidonic acid or linolenic acid) is converted to other compounds, and in which the first step is hydroperoxide formation catalyzed by lipoxygenase.


positive regulation of mucus secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of mucus from a cell or a tissue.


GCYB2_HUMAN Guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-2 (sprot)

A guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cGMP biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-phosphate.


FKBP6_HUMAN Inactive peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP6 (sprot)

A peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FK506 binding

Binding to a 23-membered macrolide lactone FK506.


piRNA processing

A process leading to the generation of a functional piRNA. piRNAs (Piwi-associated RNAs) are a class of 24- to 30-nucleotide RNAs derived from repeat or complex DNA sequence elements and processed by a Dicer-independent mechanism.


siRNA-mediated retrotransposon silencing by heterochromatin formation

A retrotransposon silencing mechanism in which a siRNA triggers heterochromatin assembly. Heterochromatin is a chromatin conformation that is refractory to transcription.


ZN253_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 253 (sprot)

A zinc finger protein 253 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TBCA_HUMAN Tubulin-specific chaperone A (sprot)

A tubulin-specific chaperone A that is encoded in the genome of human.


post-chaperonin tubulin folding pathway

Completion of folding of alpha- and beta-tubulin; takes place subsequent to chaperonin-mediated partial folding; mediated by a complex of folding cofactors.


VATG1_HUMAN V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1 (sprot)

A V-type proton ATPase subunit G 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cellular response to increased oxygen levels

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting an increase in the level of oxygen.


synaptic vesicle lumen acidification

The acidification of the synaptic vesicle lumen via transport of protons into the vesicle. The resulting electrochemical gradient powers neurotransmitter loading.


vacuolar proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain

The V1 domain of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase found in the vacuolar membrane.


transmembrane transporter complex

A transmembrane protein complex which enables the transfer of a substance from one side of a membrane to the other.


VPS4B_HUMAN Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B (sprot)

A vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 4B that is encoded in the genome of human.


endosome to lysosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway

The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes by a pathway in which molecules are sorted into multivesicular bodies, which then fuse with the lysosome.


response to lipid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid stimulus.


protein depolymerization

The process in which protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers, are broken down. Depolymerization occurs by the successive removal of monomers from an existing poly- or oligomeric protein.


late endosomal microautophagy

The autophagy process by which cytosolic proteins targeted for degradation are tagged with a chaperone and are directly transferred into and degraded in a late endosomal compartment.


late endosome to lysosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway

The directed movement of substances from late endosomes to lysosomes by a pathway in which molecules are sorted into multivesicular bodies, which then fuse with the lysosome.


ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process via the multivesicular body sorting pathway

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide, via the multivesicular body (MVB) sorting pathway; proteins are sorted into MVBs, and delivered to a lysosome/vacuole for degradation. This process is independent of ubiquitination.


positive regulation of centriole elongation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of centriole elongation.


ATPase complex

A protein complex which is capable of ATPase activity.


MPU1_HUMAN Mannose-P-dolichol utilization defect 1 protein (sprot)

A mannose-P-dolichol utilization defect 1 protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


ENTP6_HUMAN Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 6 (sprot)

An ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GDP phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GDP + H2O = GMP + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: guanosine 5'-triphosphate,3'-diphosphate + H2O = guanosine 5'-diphosphate,3'-diphosphate + phosphate.


nucleoside diphosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside diphosphate + H2O = a nucleoside monophosphate + phosphate.


CDP phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: CDP + H2O = CMP + phosphate.


UDP phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP + H2O = UMP + phosphate.


IDP phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: IDP + H2O = IMP + H+ + phosphate.


ENTP3_HUMAN Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3 (sprot)

An ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ENTP5_HUMAN Nucleoside diphosphate phosphatase ENTPD5 (sprot)

A nucleoside diphosphate phosphatase ENTPD5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


UDP-glucose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-glucose, uridinediphosphoglucose, a substance composed of glucose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


protein N-linked glycosylation

A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via the N4 atom of peptidyl-asparagine, the omega-N of arginine, or the N1' atom peptidyl-tryptophan.


UDP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UDP, uridine (5'-)diphosphate.


PROP1_HUMAN Homeobox protein prophet of Pit-1 (sprot)

A homeobox protein prophet of Pit-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


hypothalamus cell differentiation

The differentiation of cells that will contribute to the structure and function of the hypothalamus.


hypophysis morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the hypophysis are generated and organized. The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands.


somatotropin secreting cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a somatotropin secreting cell. A somatotropin secreting cell is an acidophilic cell of the anterior pituitary that produces growth hormone, somatotropin.


ZN217_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 217 (sprot)

A zinc finger protein 217 that is encoded in the genome of human.


BCAS1_HUMAN Breast carcinoma-amplified sequence 1 (sprot)

A breast carcinoma-amplified sequence 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PITX3_HUMAN Pituitary homeobox 3 (sprot)

A pituitary homeobox 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of gliogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gliogenesis, the formation of mature glia.


response to immobilization stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of being rendered immobile.


response to cocaine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cocaine stimulus. Cocaine is a crystalline alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca plant.


lens fiber cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a lens fiber cell, any of the elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in the camera-type eye. The cytoplasm of a lens fiber cell is devoid of most intracellular organelles including the cell nucleus, and contains primarily crystallins, a group of water-soluble proteins expressed in vary large quantities.


response to methamphetamine hydrochloride

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methamphetamine hydrochloride stimulus.


positive regulation of cell proliferation in midbrain

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in midbrain.


cellular response to glial cell derived neurotrophic factor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glial cell derived neurotrophic factor stimulus.


TP4A3_HUMAN Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 3 (sprot)

A protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


prenylated protein tyrosine phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: prenylated-protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = prenylated-protein tyrosine + phosphate.


positive regulation of establishment of protein localization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of protein localization.


AVIL_HUMAN Advillin (sprot)

An advillin that is encoded in the genome of human.


Arp2/3 complex binding

Binding to an Arp2/3 complex, a protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5).


regulation of diacylglycerol biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of diacylglycerol biosynthetic process.


H2AY_HUMAN Core histone macro-H2A.1 (sprot)

A core histone macro-H2A.1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


dosage compensation

Compensating for the variation in the unpaired sex chromosome:autosome chromosome ratios between sexes by activation or inactivation of genes on one or both of the sex chromosomes.


rDNA binding

Binding to a DNA sequence encoding a ribosomal RNA.


double-stranded methylated DNA binding

Binding to double-stranded methylated DNA. Methylation of cytosine or adenine in DNA is an important mechanism for establishing stable heritable epigenetic marks.


regulation of oxidative phosphorylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis.


positive regulation of maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion

Any process that increases the extent to which the association between sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome is maintained during a mitotic cell cycle.


establishment of protein localization to chromatin

The directed movement of a protein to a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin.


negative regulation of transcription of nucleolar large rRNA by RNA polymerase I

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription of nuclear large rRNA transcript mediated by RNA polymerase I.


regulation of NAD metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of NAD metabolic process.


negative regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition

Any signaling pathway that decreases or inhibits the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to M phase of the cell cycle.


regulation of response to oxidative stress

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to oxidative stress.


positive regulation of endodermal cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endodermal cell differentiation.


negative regulation of protein localization to chromosome, telomeric region

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to chromosome, telomeric region.


site of DNA damage

A region of a chromosome at which DNA damage has occurred. DNA damage signaling and repair proteins accumulate at the lesion to respond to the damage and repair the DNA to form a continuous DNA helix.


sex chromatin

Chromatin that is part of a sex chromosome.


SH3L1_HUMAN Adapter SH3BGRL (sprot)

An adapter SH3BGRL that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein-RNA adaptor activity

The binding activity of a protein that brings together another protein and an RNA, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way.


positive regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translational initiation.


FLNB_HUMAN Filamin-B (sprot)

A filamin-B that is encoded in the genome of human.


keratinocyte development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a keratinocyte over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


ZN737_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 737 (sprot)

A zinc finger protein 737 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NCOR1_HUMAN Nuclear receptor corepressor 1 (sprot)

A nuclear receptor corepressor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


locomotor rhythm

The rhythm of the locomotor activity of an organism during its 24 hour activity cycle.


negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids.


VAMP4_HUMAN Vesicle-associated membrane protein 4 (sprot)

A vesicle-associated membrane protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SNARE complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a SNARE complex, a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers.


NDUS6_HUMAN NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial (sprot)

An NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 6, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


PEX14_HUMAN Peroxisomal membrane protein PEX14 (sprot)

A peroxisomal membrane protein PEX14 that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein import into peroxisome matrix, docking

The process in which a complex formed of a peroxisome targeting sequence (PTS) receptor bound to a PTS-bearing protein docks with translocation machinery in the peroxisomal membrane.


protein import into peroxisome matrix, translocation

The process in which proteins are moved across the peroxisomal membrane into the matrix. It is likely that the peroxisome targeting sequence receptor remains associated with cargo proteins during translocation.


peroxisome transport along microtubule

The directed movement of a peroxisome along a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins.


TRIM3_HUMAN Tripartite motif-containing protein 3 (sprot)

A tripartite motif-containing protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway.


ULK1_HUMAN Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 (sprot)

A serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


neuron projection regeneration

The regrowth of neuronal processes such as axons or dendrites in response to their loss or damage.


positive regulation of autophagosome assembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of autophagic vacuole assembly.


omegasome membrane

Any membrane that is part of an omegasome.


TULP3_HUMAN Tubby-related protein 3 (sprot)

A tubby-related protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


intraciliary transport particle A binding

Binding to an intraciliary transport particle A (IFT A) complex.


embryonic neurocranium morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the neurocranium are generated and organized during the embryonic phase. The neurocranium is the portion of the vertebrate skull surrounding the brain.


bronchus morphogenesis

The process in which the bronchus is generated and organized. The bronchus is the portion of the airway that connects to the lungs.


smoothened signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened contributing to the dorsal/ventral pattern of the neural tube.


ganglion development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


LAT3_HUMAN Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 3 (sprot)

A large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of amino acid transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


negative regulation of leucine import

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of leucine import. Leucine import is the directed movement of leucine into a cell or organelle.


L-valine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-valine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-valine is 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid.


amino acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Amino acids are organic molecules that contain an amino group and a carboxyl group.


neutral L-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of neutral L-amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Neutral amino acids have side chains with no charge at pH 7.3.


L-isoleucine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-isoleucine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-isoleucine is (2R*,3R*)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid.


L-leucine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-leucine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-leucine is 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.


isoleucine transport

The directed movement of isoleucine, (2R*,3R*)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


leucine transport

The directed movement of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


L-valine transmembrane transport

The directed movement of L-valine across a membrane.


podocyte foot

A cell projection of a podocyte (glomerular visceral epithelial cell) forming a foot-like structure projecting from a podocyte primary projection, that wraps around capillaries of a renal glomerulus. Adjacent feet (pedicels) interdigitate, leaving thin filtration slits between them, which are covered by slit diaphragms.


GPR32_HUMAN Probable G-protein coupled receptor 32 (sprot)

A probable G-protein coupled receptor 32 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CISY_HUMAN Citrate synthase, mitochondrial (sprot)

A citrate synthase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


citrate (Si)-synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + H2O + oxaloacetate = citrate + CoA, where the acetyl group is added to the si-face of oxaloacetate; acetyl-CoA thus provides the two carbon atoms of the pro-S carboxymethyl group.


citrate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate. Citrate is widely distributed in nature and is an important intermediate in the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate cycle.


SPAG7_HUMAN Sperm-associated antigen 7 (sprot)

A sperm-associated antigen 7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RM33_HUMAN Large ribosomal subunit protein bL33m (sprot)

A 39S ribosomal protein L33, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit

The larger of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site).


SC22B_HUMAN Vesicle-trafficking protein SEC22b (sprot)

A vesicle-trafficking protein SEC22b that is encoded in the genome of human.


DEAF1_HUMAN Deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor 1 homolog (sprot)

A deformed epidermal autoregulatory factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation.


embryonic skeletal system development

The process, occurring during the embryonic phase, whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


PR40A_HUMAN Pre-mRNA-processing factor 40 homolog A (sprot)

A pre-mRNA-processing factor 40 homolog A that is encoded in the genome of human.


HYPM_HUMAN Huntingtin-interacting protein M (sprot)

A huntingtin-interacting protein M that is encoded in the genome of human.


TACC1_HUMAN Transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 1 (sprot)

A transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


nuclear glucocorticoid receptor binding

Binding to a nuclear glucocorticoid receptor.


peroxisome proliferator activated receptor binding

Binding to a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor, alpha, beta or gamma.


nuclear retinoid X receptor binding

Binding to a nuclear retinoid X receptor.


nuclear thyroid hormone receptor binding

Binding to a nuclear thyroid hormone receptor.


NDK6_HUMAN Nucleoside diphosphate kinase 6 (sprot)

A nucleoside diphosphate kinase 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside diphosphate = ADP + nucleoside triphosphate.


DPOLQ_HUMAN DNA polymerase theta (sprot)

A DNA polymerase theta that is encoded in the genome of human.


single-stranded DNA endodeoxyribonuclease activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within a single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid molecule by creating internal breaks.


DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1); the synthesis of DNA from deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates in the presence of a DNA template and a 3'hydroxyl group.


single-stranded DNA helicase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, in the presence of single-stranded DNA; drives the unwinding of a DNA helix.


Catalysis of the beta-elimination of the 5' deoxyribose-5-phosphate at an abasic site in DNA where a DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase has already cleaved the C-O-P bond 3' to the apurinic or apyrimidinic site.


double-strand break repair via alternative nonhomologous end joining

An instance of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining that is independent of factors important for V(D)J recombination (as opposed to classical nonhomologous end joining). It often results in a deletion with microhomology (i.e. 5-25bp homology) at the repair junction. Among different subclasses of nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), alternative NHEJ appears to play a significant role in the etiology of mutations that arise during cancer development and treatment.


CDC45_HUMAN Cell division control protein 45 homolog (sprot)

A CDC45-related protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


DNA replication checkpoint signaling

A signal transduction process that contributes to a DNA replication checkpoint, that prevents the initiation of nuclear division until DNA replication is complete, thereby ensuring that progeny inherit a full complement of the genome.


DNA unwinding involved in DNA replication

The process in which interchain hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA are broken or 'melted', generating unpaired template strands for DNA replication.


CMG complex

A protein complex that contains the GINS complex, Cdc45p, and the heterohexameric MCM complex, and that is involved in unwinding DNA during replication.


GGYF1_HUMAN GRB10-interacting GYF protein 1 (sprot)

A GRB10-interacting GYF protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MSPD3_HUMAN Motile sperm domain-containing protein 3 (sprot)

A motile sperm domain-containing protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FBX24_HUMAN F-box only protein 24 (sprot)

An F-box only protein 24 that is encoded in the genome of human.


LRCH4_HUMAN Leucine-rich repeat and calponin homology domain-containing protein 4 (sprot)

A leucine-rich repeat and calponin homology domain-containing protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


membrane raft assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a membrane raft, a small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalizes cellular processes.


positive regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor signaling pathway.


MTX2_HUMAN Metaxin-2 (sprot)

A metaxin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


mitochondrial transport

Transport of substances into, out of or within a mitochondrion.


protein insertion into mitochondrial outer membrane

The process comprising the insertion of proteins from outside the organelle into the mitochondrial outer membrane, mediated by large outer membrane translocase complexes.


SAM complex

A large complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane that mediates sorting of some imported proteins to the outer membrane and their assembly in the membrane; functions after import of incoming proteins by the mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex.


MIB complex

A mitochondrial intermembrane space bridging complex consisting of components of the MICOS complex in the inner mitochondrial membrane, the SAM complex in the outer membrane, a conserved DNAJ protein (human DNAJC11) and Metaxin 1.


VP26A_HUMAN Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A (sprot)

A vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 26A that is encoded in the genome of human.


tubular endosome

A network of fine tubules in the vicinity of the Golgi complex and around the centriole.


retromer, cargo-selective complex

The trimeric subcomplex of the retromer, believed to be closely associated with the membrane. This trimeric complex is responsible for recognizing and binding to cargo molecules. The complex comprises three Vps proteins in both yeast and mammalian cells: Vps35p, Vps29p, and Vps26p in yeast, and VPS35, VPS29 and VPS26A or VPS26B in mammals.


ZN254_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 254 (sprot)

A zinc finger protein 254 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NDUB1_HUMAN NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 (sprot)

An NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 beta subcomplex subunit 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MPPB_HUMAN Mitochondrial-processing peptidase subunit beta (sprot)

A mitochondrial-processing peptidase subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein processing involved in protein targeting to mitochondrion

The cleavage of peptide bonds in proteins, usually near the N terminus, contributing to the process of import into the mitochondrion. Several different peptidases mediate cleavage of proteins destined for different mitochondrial compartments.


mitochondrial calcium ion transmembrane transport

The process in which a calcium ion (Ca2+) is transported across a mitochondrial membrane, into or out of the mitochondrion.


mitochondrial processing peptidase complex

A protein complex consisting of a regulatory subunit (alpha-MPP) and a catalytic subunit (beta-MPP) that catalyzes the release of N-terminal targeting peptides from precursor proteins imported into the mitochondrion.


TECTA_HUMAN Alpha-tectorin (sprot)

An alpha-tectorin that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAF_HUMAN Transcription factor Maf (sprot)

A transcription factor Maf that is encoded in the genome of human.


megakaryocyte differentiation

The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires specializes features of a megakaryocyte.


USH2A_HUMAN Usherin (sprot)

An usherin that is encoded in the genome of human.


maintenance of animal organ identity

The process in which the identity of an animal organ is maintained. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


sensory perception of light stimulus

The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory light stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


inner ear receptor cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of inner ear receptor cells. Inner ear receptor cells are mechanorecptors found in the inner ear responsible for transducing signals involved in balance and sensory perception of sound.


stereocilia ankle link

A stereocilia coupling link that is composed of a fine filament present in developing stereocilia that couples the bases of individual stereocilia to one another. They are not present in mature stereocilia.


USH2 complex

A protein complex composed of four proteins, loss of which results in Usher Syndrome type 2 (USH2 syndrome), a leading genetic cause of combined hearing and vision loss. This complex is conserved in many species; in mice, it is composed of USH2A, GPR98 (aka ADGRV1), WHRN, and PDZD7.


stereocilia ankle link complex

A complex of proteins that connect growing stereocilia in developing cochlear hair cells, composed of Vlgr1, usherin, vezatin, and whirlin.


periciliary membrane compartment

A plasma membrane region adjacent to the base of eukaryotic cilia and flagella that is enriched in endocytosis-associated proteins and vesicles and that appears to regulate ciliary membrane homeostasis.


SAP30_HUMAN Histone deacetylase complex subunit SAP30 (sprot)

A histone deacetylase complex subunit SAP30 that is encoded in the genome of human.


modulation by host of symbiont transcription

Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of its symbiont's transcription.


MED24_HUMAN Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 24 (sprot)

A mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 24 that is encoded in the genome of human.


KTNA1_HUMAN Katanin p60 ATPase-containing subunit A1 (sprot)

A katanin p60 ATPase-containing subunit A1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


microtubule severing ATPase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate. Catalysis of the severing of a microtubule at a specific spot along its length, coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.


katanin complex

A complex possessing an activity that couples ATP hydrolysis to the severing of microtubules; usually a heterodimer comprising a catalytic subunit (often 60kDa) and a regulatory subunit (often 80 kDa).


RDH16_HUMAN Retinol dehydrogenase 16 (sprot)

A retinol dehydrogenase 16 that is encoded in the genome of human.


11-cis-retinol dehydrogenase

Catalysis of the reaction:11-cis-retinol-[retinal-binding-protein] + NAD+ <=> 11-cis-retinal-[retinol-binding-protein] + NADH.


PAGE1_HUMAN P antigen family member 1 (sprot)

A P antigen family member 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ERN1_HUMAN Serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 (sprot)

A serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


mRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mRNA, messenger RNA, which is responsible for carrying the coded genetic 'message', transcribed from DNA, to sites of protein assembly at the ribosomes.


peptidyl-serine autophosphorylation

The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own serine amino acid residues, or a serine residue on an identical protein.


IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response

The series of molecular signals mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor IRE1 (Inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endonuclease). Begins with activation of IRE1 in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. One target of activated IRE1 is the transcription factor HAC1 in yeast, or XBP1 in mammals; IRE1 cleaves an intron of a mRNA coding for HAC1/XBP1 to generate an activated HAC1/XBP1 transcription factor, which controls the up regulation of UPR-related genes. At least in mammals, IRE1 can also signal through additional intracellular pathways including JNK and NF-kappaB.


mRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation

Splicing of mRNA substrates via recognition of the folded RNA structure that brings the 5' and 3' splice sites into proximity and cleavage of the RNA at both the 3' and 5' splice sites by an endonucleolytic mechanism, followed by ligation of the exons.


positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response.


insulin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving insulin.


The phosphorylation of a peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine on an identical protein. For example, phosphorylation by the other kinase within a homodimer.


Ire1 complex

A type-I transmembrane protein complex located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) consisting of an IRE1-IRE1 dimer, which forms in response to the accumulation of unfolded protein in the ER. The dimeric complex has endoribonuclease (RNase) activity and evokes the unfolded protein response (UPR) by cleaving an intron of a mRNA coding for the transcription factor HAC1 in yeast or XBP1 in mammals; the complex cleaves a single phosphodiester bond in each of two RNA hairpins (with non-specific base paired stems and loops of consensus sequence CNCNNGN, where N is any base) to remove an intervening intron from the target transcript.


AIP1-IRE1 complex

A protein complex consisting of IRE1 (inositol-requiring enzyme-1) bound to AIP1 (ASK1-interacting protein 1/DAB2-interacting protein).


IRE1-TRAF2-ASK1 complex

A protein complex of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane that consists of IRE1 (Inositol-requiring enzyme-1), TRAF2 (TNF receptor-associated factor 2) and ASK1 (Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1, a MAP3K).


IRE1-RACK1-PP2A complex

A protein complex consisting of IRE1 (Inositol-requiring enzyme-1), RACK1 (Receptor of activated protein kinase C 1, GNB2L1) and PP2A (protein phosphatase 2A). RACK1 acts as an adaptor to bridge an interaction between IRE1 and PP2A.


E2F6_HUMAN Transcription factor E2F6 (sprot)

A transcription factor E2F6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CRLF1_HUMAN Cytokine receptor-like factor 1 (sprot)

A cytokine receptor-like factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor binding

Binding to a ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor.


CRLF-CLCF1 complex

A heterodimeric protein complex that is composed of cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (product of the CLCF1 gene) and cytokine receptor-like factor 1 (product of the CRLF gene) and is secreted into the extracellular space. The CRLF-CLCF1 complex is a ligand for the ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) receptor complex.


Z324A_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 324A (sprot)

A zinc finger protein 324A that is encoded in the genome of human.


NR1I2_HUMAN Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (sprot)

A nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


LGR5_HUMAN Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (sprot)

A leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


oocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized immature germ cell acquires the specialized features of a mature female gamete.


FRAT2_HUMAN GSK-3-binding protein FRAT2 (sprot)

A GSK-3-binding protein FRAT2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


beta-catenin destruction complex disassembly

The disaggregation of a beta-catenin destruction complex into its constituent components.


PSIP1_HUMAN PC4 and SFRS1-interacting protein (sprot)

A PC4 and SFRS1-interacting protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


supercoiled DNA binding

Binding to supercoiled DNA. For example, during replication and transcription, template DNA is negatively supercoiled in the receding downstream DNA and positively supercoiled in the approaching downstream DNA.


mRNA 5'-splice site recognition

Recognition of the intron 5'-splice site by components of the assembling spliceosome.


ERLN1_HUMAN Erlin-1 (sprot)

An erlin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol.


TAD2A_HUMAN Transcriptional adapter 2-alpha (sprot)

A transcriptional adapter 2-alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of histone acetylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of an acetyl group to a histone protein.


regulation of tubulin deacetylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tubulin deacetylation. Tubulin deacetylation is the removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid.


SUPT3_HUMAN Transcription initiation protein SPT3 homolog (sprot)

A transcription initiation protein SPT3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GPC4_HUMAN Glypican-4 (sprot)

A glypican-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NDUS3_HUMAN NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial (sprot)

An NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 3, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


CAH11_HUMAN Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 11 (sprot)

A carbonic anhydrase-related protein 11 that is encoded in the genome of human.


carbonate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2CO3 = CO2 + H2O.


SRS10_HUMAN Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 10 (sprot)

A serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RS domain binding

Binding to an RS domain of a protein; RS domains are usually highly phosphorylated and characterized by the presence of arginine (R)/serine (S) dipeptides. The RS domain promotes protein-protein interactions and directs subcellular localization and, in certain situations, nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of individual SR proteins. They also play a role in splicing.


cytosolic transport

The directed movement of substances or organelles within the cytosol.


regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA splicing via a spliceosomal mechanism.


GEMI_HUMAN Geminin (sprot)

A geminin that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of chromatin binding

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin binding. Chromatin binding is the selective interaction with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase.


DNA replication preinitiation complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the DNA replication preinitiation complex, a protein-DNA complex that is assembled at DNA replication origins as part of initiation of DNA replication. The complex consists of proteins that initiate the DNA binding, melt the helix and enable helicase activity.


negative regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent DNA replication.


CLN5_HUMAN Ceroid-lipofuscinosis neuronal protein 5 (sprot)

A ceroid-lipofuscinosis neuronal protein 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


signal peptide processing

The proteolytic removal of a signal peptide from a protein during or after transport to a specific location in the cell.


lysosomal lumen acidification

Any process that reduces the pH of the lysosomal lumen, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


glycosylation

The covalent attachment and further modification of carbohydrate residues to a substrate molecule.


positive regulation of GTP binding

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of GTP binding.


vacuolar lumen

The volume enclosed within the vacuolar membrane.


HSBP1_HUMAN Heat shock factor-binding protein 1 (sprot)

A heat shock factor-binding protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


endodermal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an endoderm cell, a cell of the inner of the three germ layers of the embryo.


CLD11_HUMAN Claudin-11 (sprot)

A claudin-11 that is encoded in the genome of human.


axon ensheathment

Any process in which the axon of a neuron is insulated, and that insulation maintained, thereby preventing dispersion of the electrical signal.


basal part of cell

The region of a cell situated near the base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the basal surface rests on the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue.


TNR21_HUMAN Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 21 (sprot)

A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 21 that is encoded in the genome of human.