planar cell polarity pathway involved in cardiac right atrium morphogenesis

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity that contributes to the shaping of the cardiac right atrium.


planar cell polarity pathway involved in cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity that contributes to the shaping of the cardiac muscle tissue.


planar cell polarity pathway involved in pericardium morphogenesis

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity that contributes to the shaping of the pericardium.


planar cell polarity pathway involved in neural tube closure

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors that modulates the establishment of planar polarity contributing to neural tube closure.


melanocyte proliferation

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The multiplication or reproduction of melanocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. A melanocyte is a pigment cell derived from the neural crest. It contains melanin-filled pigment granules, which give a brown to black appearance.


negative regulation of cell proliferation in midbrain

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in midbrain.


positive regulation of non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of non-canonical Wnt-activated signaling pathway.


PTGDS_HUMAN Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase (sprot)

A prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase that is encoded in the genome of human.


BUD31_HUMAN Protein BUD31 homolog (sprot)

A protein BUD31 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SOX3_HUMAN Transcription factor SOX-3 (sprot)

A transcription factor SOX-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


sensory organ development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of sensory organs over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


UBA7_HUMAN Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 7 (sprot)

A ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ISG15 activating enzyme activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier ISG15, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond.


modification-dependent protein catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent modification of the target protein.


NAA10_HUMAN N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10 (sprot)

An N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + peptide = CoA + N-alpha-acetylpeptide. This reaction is the acetylation of the N-terminal amino acid residue of a peptide or protein.


acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to an acceptor molecule.


N-terminal protein amino acid acetylation

The acetylation of the N-terminal amino acid of proteins.


negative regulation of maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion in the centromeric region.


NatA complex

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A conserved complex that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group to an N-terminal Ser, Ala, Gly, or Thr residue of a protein acceptor molecule. In Saccharomyces the complex includes Nat1p and Ard1p, and may contain additional proteins.


KDM5C_HUMAN Lysine-specific demethylase 5C (sprot)

A lysine-specific demethylase 5C that is encoded in the genome of human.


P2RY2_HUMAN P2Y purinoceptor 2 (sprot)

A P2Y purinoceptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


G protein-coupled purinergic nucleotide receptor activity

Combining with a purine nucleotide and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


HNF4A_HUMAN Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha (sprot)

A hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


ornithine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis.


IPP2_HUMAN Protein phosphatase inhibitor 2 (sprot)

A protein phosphatase inhibitor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitor activity

Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a serine/threonine protein phosphatase, an enzyme that catalyzes the reaction: protein serine/threonine phosphate + H2O = protein serine/threonine + phosphate.


ABEC1_HUMAN C->U-editing enzyme APOBEC-1 (sprot)

A C->U-editing enzyme APOBEC-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


catalytic activity, acting on RNA

Catalytic activity that acts to modify RNA, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


mRNA modification

The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA molecule to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.


negative regulation of DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin formation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin formation.


mRNA editing complex

A protein complex that posttranscriptionally catalyzes insertion, deletion or substitution of nucleotides at multiple sites within nascent mRNA transcripts to produce mature mRNAs in eukaryotes.


CSK_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase CSK (sprot)

A tyrosine-protein kinase CSK that is encoded in the genome of human.


PLPL4_HUMAN Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 4 (sprot)

A patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


acylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on the acylglycerol molecule.


retinyl-palmitate esterase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: retinyl palmitate + H2O = retinol + palmitate + H+.


mono-olein transacylation activity

Catalysis of the reaction: mono-olein + mono-olein = diolein + glycerol. Mono-olein, also known as mono-oleoylglycerol, is the monoglyceride formed from oleic acid, 9-octodecenoic acid; diolein is also known as dioleoylglycerol.


diolein transacylation activity

Catalysis of the reaction: diolein + mono-olein = triolein + glycerol. Mono-olein, also known as mono-oleoylglycerol, is the monoglyceride formed from oleic acid, 9-octodecenoic acid; diolein is also known as dioleoylglycerol, and triolein as trioleoylglycerol and olein.


GARS_HUMAN Glycine--tRNA ligase (sprot)

A glycine--tRNA ligase that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: P(1),P(4)-bis(5'-nucleosyl)tetraphosphate + H2O = NTP + NMP. Acts on bis(5'-guanosyl)-, bis(5'-xanthosyl)-, bis(5'-adenosyl)- and bis(5'-uridyl)-tetraphosphate.


glycine-tRNA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + glycine + tRNA(Gly) = AMP + diphosphate + glycyl-tRNA(Gly).


diadenosine tetraphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diadenosine tetraphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with four phosphate groups attached.


SYIC_HUMAN Isoleucine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic (sprot)

An isoleucine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic that is encoded in the genome of human.


isoleucyl-tRNA aminoacylation

The process of coupling isoleucine to isoleucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. The isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a isoleucine-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.


isoleucine-tRNA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-isoleucine + ATP + tRNA(Ile) = L-isoleucyl-tRNA(Ile) + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H+.


NBL1_HUMAN Neuroblastoma suppressor of tumorigenicity 1 (sprot)

A neuroblastoma suppressor of tumorigenicity 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


sequestering of BMP from receptor via BMP binding

Binding to a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in the extracellular region, and inhibiting BMP signaling by preventing BMP from binding to its cell surface receptor.


TNFL9_HUMAN Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 9 (sprot)

A tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


M3K8_HUMAN Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 8 (sprot)

A mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FOLR3_HUMAN Folate receptor gamma (sprot)

A folate receptor gamma that is encoded in the genome of human.


S19A1_HUMAN Reduced folate transporter (sprot)

A reduced folate transporter that is encoded in the genome of human.


folate:monoatomic anion antiporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Folate derivative (out) + anion (in) = folate derivative (in) + anion (out). The Reduced Folate Carrier (RCF(SLC19A1) acts by an antiport mechanism. RCF carries several folate derivatives: MTX, PMX, ratitrexed, pralatrexate, 5-methyl THF, and 5-formyl THF.


methotrexate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of methotrexate, 4-amino-10-methylformic acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Methotrexate is a folic acid analogue and a potent competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase.


2',3'-cyclic GMP-AMP binding

Binding to 2',3' cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) nucleotide, a cyclic purine dinucleotide that consists of AMP and GMP units cyclized via 2',5' and 3',5' linkages.


cyclic-GMP-AMP transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of cyclic-GMP-AMP from one side of a membrane to the other.


methotrexate transport

The directed movement of methotrexate, 4-amino-10-methylformic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Methotrexate is a folic acid analogue and a potent competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase.


cyclic-GMP-AMP transmembrane import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of cyclic-GMP-AMP from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


folate import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of folic acid from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


EIF1_HUMAN Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1 (sprot)

A eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of mRNA cis splicing, via spliceosome

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA cis splicing, via spliceosome.


multi-eIF complex

A multifactor complex composed of multiple translation initiation factors and the initiatior tRNAiMet, which is ready to bind to the small (40S) ribosome to form the 43S preinitiation complex. In S. cerevisiae, this complex is composed of eIF1, eIF2, eIF3, and eIF5.


PACR_HUMAN Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor (sprot)

A pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type I receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


development of primary female sexual characteristics

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary female sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structure. The primary female sexual characteristics are the ovaries, and they develop in response to sex hormone secretion.


negative regulation of response to reactive oxygen species

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to reactive oxygen species.


VIPR2_HUMAN Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 2 (sprot)

A vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GRM5_HUMAN Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (sprot)

A metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


A2A adenosine receptor binding

Binding to an A2A adenosine receptor.


phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled glutamate receptor signaling pathway

A phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by glutamate binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


5HT2B_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (sprot)

A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B that is encoded in the genome of human.


behavior

The internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of animals (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli, via a mechanism that involves nervous system activity.


CCR2_HUMAN C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (sprot)

A C-C chemokine receptor type 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 binding

Binding to chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2.


chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 12 binding

Binding to chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 12.


negative regulation of type 2 immune response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a type 2 immune response.


T-helper 17 cell chemotaxis

The directed movement of a T-helper 17 cell in response to an external stimulus.


negative regulation of eosinophil degranulation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of eosinophil degranulation.


positive regulation of thymocyte migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of thymocyte migration.


positive regulation of monocyte extravasation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte extravasation.


positive regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell extravasation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell extravasation.


positive regulation of astrocyte chemotaxis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte chemotaxis.


TSN7_HUMAN Tetraspanin-7 (sprot)

A tetraspanin-7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


KPCI_HUMAN Protein kinase C iota type (sprot)

A protein kinase C iota type that is encoded in the genome of human.


establishment of apical/basal cell polarity

The specification and formation of the polarity of a cell along its apical/basal axis.


Golgi vesicle budding

The evagination of the Golgi membrane, resulting in formation of a vesicle.


PAR polarity complex

A protein kinase complex that is required for the establishment of a cell polarity axis during the cell division cycle. Binds directly to activated CDC42 GTPase and is required for orchestrating a cellular gradient of CDC42. In S. cerevisiae components are: BEM1, CDC24 and CLA4; from worms to vertebrates it contains a PAR6 protein, PAR3 protein and an atypical PKC.


MC3R_HUMAN Melanocortin receptor 3 (sprot)

A melanocortin receptor 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ELK3_HUMAN ETS domain-containing protein Elk-3 (sprot)

An ETS domain-containing protein Elk-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


purine-rich negative regulatory element binding

Binding to a 30-bp purine-rich negative regulatory element; the best characterized such element is found in the first intronic region of the rat cardiac alpha-myosin heavy chain gene, and contains two palindromic high-affinity Ets-binding sites (CTTCCCTGGAAG). The presence of this element restricts expression of the gene containing it to cardiac myocytes.


ACTY_HUMAN Beta-centractin (sprot)

A beta-centractin that is encoded in the genome of human.


CD86_HUMAN T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 (sprot)

A CD86 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human.


ECI1_HUMAN Enoyl-CoA delta isomerase 1, mitochondrial (sprot)

An enoyl-CoA Delta isomerase 1, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, transposing C=C bonds

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor are the same molecule, one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the molecule are rearranged, and no oxidized product appears.


ASIP_HUMAN Agouti-signaling protein (sprot)

An agouti-signaling protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


melanosome transport

The directed movement of melanosomes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


LAP2A_HUMAN Lamina-associated polypeptide 2, isoform alpha (sprot)


STAT1_HUMAN Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta (sprot)

A signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation by virus of viral protein levels in host cell

Any process where the infecting virus reduces the levels of viral proteins in a cell.


renal tubule development

The progression of the renal tubule over time from its formation to the mature form. A renal tubule is a tube that filters, re-absorbs and secretes substances to rid an organism of waste and to play a role in fluid homeostasis.


negative regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation.


ISGF3 complex

A transcription factor complex that consists of a Stat1-Stat2 heterodimer and the IRF9 protein.


STAT6_HUMAN Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (sprot)

A signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of mast cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mast cell proliferation.


cellular response to reactive nitrogen species

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive nitrogen species stimulus.


STA5A_HUMAN Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A (sprot)

A signal transducer and activator of transcription 5a that is encoded in the genome of human.


reelin-mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of reelin (a secreted glycoprotein) to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


GRIA1_HUMAN Glutamate receptor 1 (sprot)

A glutamate receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


AMPA glutamate receptor activity

An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate and acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium, potassium, and, in the absence of a GluR2 subunit, calcium.


axonal spine

A spine that originates from the axon, usually from the initial segment.


neuron spine

A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck.


perisynaptic space

The extracellular region immediately adjacent to to a synapse.


GRIA2_HUMAN Glutamate receptor 2 (sprot)

A glutamate receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


postsynaptic endocytic zone

A stably positioned site of clathrin adjacent and physically attached to the postsynaptic specialization, which is the site of endocytosis of post-synaptic proteins.


GRIA3_HUMAN Glutamate receptor 3 (sprot)

A glutamate receptor 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MTREX_HUMAN Exosome RNA helicase MTR4 (sprot)

An exosome RNA helicase MTR4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


maturation of 5.8S rRNA

Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor 5.8S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature 5.8S rRNA molecule.


snRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of snRNA, small nuclear RNA, low-molecular-mass RNA molecules found in the eukaryotic nucleus as components of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein.


TRAMP complex

A multiprotein complex having distributive polyadenylation activity of a variety of RNA substrates including hypomodified and incorrectly folded tRNAs, pre-snRNAs, pre-snoRNAs, incorrectly spliced or processed pre-mRNAs, cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), pre-rRNAs and rRNA fragments released as part of rRNA processing. In S. cerevisiae, the complex consists of either Pap2 (also known as Trf4) or Trf5, Air1 or Air2, and Mtr4, and is involved in RNA 3'-end processing and in RNA surveillance and quality control.


AK1C3_HUMAN Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 (sprot)

An aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene + O2 + NADH + H+ = H2O + NAD+ + phenanthrene-9,10-oxide.


prostaglandin D2 11-ketoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin D2 + H+ + NADPH = 11-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha + NADP+.


ketoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reduction of a ketone group to form the corresponding alcohol.


prostaglandin-F synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,11-alpha,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate = NADPH + H+ + (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9-alpha,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate.


ketosteroid monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + NADPH + progesterone = H2O + NADP+ + testosterone acetate.


Catalysis of the reactions: (1) 5beta-cholestan-3-one + NADP+ = cholest-4-en-3-one + NADPH + H+ and (2) 17,21-dihydroxy-5beta-pregnane-3,11,20-trione + NADP+ = cortisone + NADPH + H+.


macromolecule metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass.


regulation of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway activity.


cellular response to prostaglandin stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin stimulus.


cellular response to corticosteroid stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a corticosteroid hormone stimulus. A corticosteroid is a steroid hormone that is produced in the adrenal cortex. Corticosteroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic systems such as stress response, immune response and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior. They include glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.


RHG25_HUMAN Rho GTPase-activating protein 25 (sprot)

A Rho GTPase-activating protein 25 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PK3CA_HUMAN Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform (sprot)

A phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform that is encoded in the genome of human.


response to muscle inactivity

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muscle inactivity stimulus.


negative regulation of actin filament depolymerization

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin depolymerization.


cellular response to hydrostatic pressure

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrostatic pressure stimulus. Hydrostatic pressure is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is at rest (as opposed to moving). The weight of the fluid above the object creates pressure on it.


autosome genomic imprinting

The establishment of epigenetic modifications (imprints) in autosomal (non-sexual) chromosomes during gametogenesis, and propagation of these imprints during the organism's life. Genomic imprinting leads to an asymmetry between the maternal and paternal alleles and differential expression of the corresponding alleles. This can happen through heterochromatin formation or differential chromatin loop formation.


response to butyrate

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a butyrate stimulus.


negative regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast apoptotic process.


PK3CB_HUMAN Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform (sprot)

A phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform that is encoded in the genome of human.


MTOR_HUMAN Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR (sprot)

A serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR that is encoded in the genome of human.


RNA polymerase III type 1 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a sequence of DNA that is a part of a type 1 promoter that controls transcription by RNA polymerase III. Type 1 promoters are found in 5S rRNA genes, downstream of the transcription start site within the sequence of the mature RNA, and require TFIIIA for recognition.


RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a sequence of DNA that is a part of a type 2 promoter that controls transcription by RNA polymerase III. Type 2 promoters consist of an A box and a B box downstream of the transcription start site within the sequence within the sequence of the mature RNA. Type 2 promoters are found in many tRNA genes as well as in other small RNAs.


RNA polymerase III type 3 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a sequence of DNA that is a part of a type 3 promoter that controls transcription by RNA polymerase III (Pol III). A type 3 Pol III promoter is composed of elements upstream of the transcription start site, including a TATA box. The human U6 snRNA gene has a type 3 promoter. Type 3 Pol III promoters have not been observed in S. cerevisiae.


TFIIIC-class transcription factor complex binding

Binding to a general RNA polymerase III transcription factor belonging to the TFIIC complex, one of the factors involved in formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC) by RNA polymerase III.


cellular response to leucine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a leucine stimulus.


negative regulation of lysosome organization

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lysosome organization.


positive regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pentose-phosphate shunt.


PI4KA_HUMAN Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase alpha (sprot)

A phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + ATP = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


reorganization of cellular membranes to establish viral sites of replication

A process in intracellular membranes are reorganized by viral proteins that perturb membrane integrity and can cause an extensive rearrangement of cellular membranes, forming membranous webs, which are thought to be the site of replication or certain viruses, for example the HPV virus.


HUTH_HUMAN Histidine ammonia-lyase (sprot)

A histidine ammonia-lyase that is encoded in the genome of human.


histidine ammonia-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-histidine = urocanate + NH3.


EPS15_HUMAN Epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 (sprot)

An epidermal growth factor receptor substrate 15 that is encoded in the genome of human.


AF9_HUMAN Protein AF-9 (sprot)

A protein AF-9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CASP3_HUMAN Caspase-3 (sprot)

A caspase-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


phospholipase A2 activator activity

Binds to and increases the activity of the enzyme phospholipase A2.


cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile, and contributing to the apoptotic process.


cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile, and contributing to the apoptotic signaling pathway.


cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in execution phase of apoptosis

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile, and contributing to the execution phase of apoptosis.


luteolysis

The lysis or structural demise of the corpus luteum. During normal luteolysis, two closely related events occur. First, there is loss of the capacity to synthesize and secrete progesterone (functional luteolysis) followed by loss of the cells that comprise the corpus luteum (structural luteolysis). Preventing luteolysis is crucial to maintain pregnancy.


intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress

The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to changes in intracellular ion homeostasis, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.


leukocyte apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a leukocyte, an achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue.


CASP2_HUMAN Caspase-2 (sprot)

A caspase-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


endopeptidase complex

A protein complex which is capable of endopeptidase activity.


DPP6_HUMAN Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-like protein 6 (sprot)

A dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-like protein 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RS27_HUMAN Small ribosomal subunit protein eS27 (sprot)

A 40S ribosomal protein S27 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MATK_HUMAN Megakaryocyte-associated tyrosine-protein kinase (sprot)

A megakaryocyte-associated tyrosine-protein kinase that is encoded in the genome of human.


TEC_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase Tec (sprot)

A tyrosine-protein kinase Tec that is encoded in the genome of human.


TXK_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase TXK (sprot)

A tyrosine-protein kinase TXK that is encoded in the genome of human.


ABL2_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL2 (sprot)

A tyrosine-protein kinase ABL2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FRK_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase FRK (sprot)

A tyrosine-protein kinase FRK that is encoded in the genome of human.


HELZ_HUMAN Probable helicase with zinc finger domain (sprot)

A probable helicase with zinc finger domain that is encoded in the genome of human.


CNDD3_HUMAN Condensin-2 complex subunit D3 (sprot)

A condensin-2 complex subunit D3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RBM34_HUMAN RNA-binding protein 34 (sprot)

An RNA-binding protein 34 that is encoded in the genome of human.


I12R1_HUMAN Interleukin-12 receptor subunit beta-1 (sprot)

An interleukin-12 receptor subunit beta-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


interleukin-12 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-12 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


interleukin-23 binding

Binding to interleukin-23.


interleukin-23 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-23 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


LIFR_HUMAN Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (sprot)

A leukemia inhibitory factor receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


LPPRC_HUMAN Leucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein, mitochondrial (sprot)

A leucine-rich PPR motif-containing protein, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


mitochondrial RNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of RNA transcribed from the mitochondrial genome and occurring in the mitochondrion.


negative regulation of mitochondrial RNA catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving catabolism in the mitochondrion of RNA transcribed from the mitochondrial genome.


THIM_HUMAN 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, mitochondrial (sprot)

A 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


RL35_HUMAN Large ribosomal subunit protein uL29 (sprot)

A 60S ribosomal protein L35 that is encoded in the genome of human.


WASP_HUMAN Actin nucleation-promoting factor WAS (sprot)

An actin nucleation-promoting factor WAS that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of T cell antigen processing and presentation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell antigen processing and presentation.


CDN2A_HUMAN Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (sprot)

A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (human), isoforms h1, h2, h3, and h5.


positive regulation of macrophage apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage apoptotic process.


CDN2B_HUMAN Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor B (sprot)

A cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor B that is encoded in the genome of human.


CDN2C_HUMAN Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor C (sprot)

A cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor C that is encoded in the genome of human.


PCP_HUMAN Lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase (sprot)

A lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase that is encoded in the genome of human.


CXCL5_HUMAN C-X-C motif chemokine 5 (sprot)

A C-X-C motif chemokine 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NSG1_HUMAN Neuronal vesicle trafficking-associated protein 1 (sprot)

A neuronal vesicle trafficking-associated protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


receptor recycling

The process that results in the return of receptor molecules to an active state and an active cellular location after they have been stimulated by a ligand. An active state is when the receptor is ready to receive a signal.


spontaneous synaptic transmission

The low level of synaptic transmission that occurs via spontaneous neurotransmitter release into the synaptic cleft in the absence of a presynaptic action potential.


neurotransmitter receptor transport, endosome to postsynaptic membrane

The directed movement of neurotransmitter receptor from the postsynaptic endosome to the postsynaptic membrane in transport vesicles.


neurotransmitter receptor cycle

The process during which neurotransmitter receptors, anchored in some region of the synaptic membrane, are recycled via the endosome. This cycle includes release from anchoring, diffusion in the synaptic membrane to an endocytic region, endocytosis, transport to the endosome, recycling in the endosome, transport back the synaptic membrane and subsequent anchoring (trapping).


postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor cycle

The process during which neurotransmitter receptors in the postsynaptic specialization membrane are recycled via the endosome. This cycle includes release from anchoring (trapping), diffusion in the synaptic membrane to the postsynaptic endocytic region, endocytosis, transport to the endosome, recycling in the endosome, transport back the synaptic membrane and subsequent trapping in the postsynaptic specialization membrane.


HD_HUMAN Huntingtin (sprot)

A huntingtin that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive calcium-release channel activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive calcium-release channel.


vocal learning

A behavioral process whose outcome is a relatively long-lasting behavioral change whereby an organism modifies innate vocalizations to imitate sounds produced by others.


regulation of CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascade

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascade.


ECE1_HUMAN Endothelin-converting enzyme 1 (sprot)

An endothelin-converting enzyme 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


calcitonin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the peptide calcitonin.


endothelin maturation

The process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of endothelin by conversion of Big-endothelin substrate into mature endothelin.


MTHR_HUMAN Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NADPH) (sprot)

A methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NADPH) that is encoded in the genome of human.


methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NAD(P)H) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydrofolate + NAD(P)+ = 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NAD(P)H + H+.


methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase NADPH activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydrofolate + NADP + = 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NADPH + H+.


response to vitamin B2

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B2 stimulus.


S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism.


EAA1_HUMAN Excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (sprot)

An excitatory amino acid transporter 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


L-aspartate import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of L-aspartate from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


membrane protein complex

Any protein complex that is part of a membrane.


EAA2_HUMAN Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (sprot)

An excitatory amino acid transporter 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cysteine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of cysteine from one side of a membrane to the other.


neurotransmitter reuptake

The directed movement of neurotransmitter molecules from the extrasynaptic space into the presynaptic cytosol.


cysteine transmembrane transport

The directed movement of cysteine across a membrane.


EAA3_HUMAN Excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (sprot)

An excitatory amino acid transporter 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


monoatomic anion channel activity

Enables the energy-independent passage of a monoatomic anion across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient.


L-aspartate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-aspartate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-aspartate is the anion derived from aspartic acid.


D-aspartate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of D-aspartate from one side of a membrane to the other.


response to decreased oxygen levels

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting a decline in the level of oxygen.


cysteine transport

The directed movement of cysteine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


D-aspartate transport

The directed movement of D-aspartate, the D-enantiomer of the anion of (2R)-2-aminobutanedioic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


response to anesthetic

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an anesthetic stimulus. An anesthetic is a substance that causes loss of feeling, awareness, or sensation.


regulation of protein targeting to membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the process of directing proteins towards a membrane, usually using signals contained within the protein.


neurotransmitter receptor transport to plasma membrane

The directed movement of neurotransmitter receptor to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles.


SATT_HUMAN Neutral amino acid transporter A (sprot)

A neutral amino acid transporter A that is encoded in the genome of human.


L-glutamine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-glutamine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-glutamine is 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid.


L-proline transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-proline from one side of a membrane to the other. L-proline is pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid.


L-serine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-serine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-serine is the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.


L-threonine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-threonine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-threonine is (2R*,3S*)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid.


L-hydroxyproline transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-hydroxyproline from one side of a membrane to the other.


glutamine transport

The directed movement of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


L-alanine transport

The directed movement of L-alanine, the L-enantiomer of 2-aminopropanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


L-serine transport

The directed movement of L-serine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


threonine transport

The directed movement of threonine, (2R*,3S*)-2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


hydroxyproline transport

The directed movement of hydroxyproline into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


proline transmembrane transport

The directed movement of proline, pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid, across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


L-serine import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of L-serine into a cell.


GDF5_HUMAN Growth/differentiation factor 5 (sprot)

A growth/differentiation factor 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


LIS1_HUMAN Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit beta (sprot)

A platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


ameboidal-type cell migration

Cell migration that is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium.


corpus callosum morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the corpus callosum are generated and organized. The corpus callosum is a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. It consists of contralateral axon projections that provides communications between the right and left cerebral hemispheres.


establishment of planar polarity of embryonic epithelium

Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an embryonic epithelium, such that they all orient to similar coordinates.


nuclear membrane disassembly

The controlled breakdown of the nuclear membranes, for example during cellular division.


maintenance of centrosome location

Any process in which a centrosome is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


microtubule cytoskeleton organization involved in establishment of planar polarity

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins and contributes to the establishment of planar polarity.


astral microtubule

Any of the spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell.


central region of growth cone

The center of the migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon or dendrite.


kinesin complex

Any complex that includes a dimer of molecules from the kinesin superfamily, a group of related proteins that contain an extended region of predicted alpha-helical coiled coil in the main chain that likely produces dimerization. The native complexes of several kinesin family members have also been shown to contain additional peptides, often designated light chains as all of the noncatalytic subunits that are currently known are smaller than the chain that contains the motor unit. Kinesin complexes generally possess a force-generating enzymatic activity, or motor, which converts the free energy of the gamma phosphate bond of ATP into mechanical work.


An enzyme complex composed of two catalytic alpha subunits, which form a catalytic dimer, and a non-catalytic, regulatory beta subunit; the catalytic dimer may be an alpha1/alpha1 or alpha2/alpha2 homodimer, or an alpha1/alpha2 heterodimer. Modulates the action of platelet-activating factor (PAF).


GUC1A_HUMAN Guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 1 (sprot)

A guanylyl cyclase-activating protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


guanylate cyclase regulator activity

Modulates the activity of guanylate cyclase.


PF2R_HUMAN Prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor (sprot)

A prostaglandin F2-alpha receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


prostaglandin F receptor activity

Combining with prostaglandin F (PGF (2-alpha)) to initiate a change in cell activity.


PE2R3_HUMAN Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype (sprot)

A prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype that is encoded in the genome of human.


PE2R2_HUMAN Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype (sprot)

A prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype that is encoded in the genome of human.


PI2R_HUMAN Prostacyclin receptor (sprot)

A prostacyclin receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


MUC18_HUMAN Cell surface glycoprotein MUC18 (sprot)

A cell surface glycoprotein MUC18 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DCC_HUMAN Netrin receptor DCC (sprot)

A netrin receptor DCC that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of dendrite development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development.


CACP_HUMAN Carnitine O-acetyltransferase (sprot)

A carnitine O-acetyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


acyl-CoA oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + O2 = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + hydrogen peroxide.


carnitine O-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + carnitine = (R)-O-acetylcarnitine + CoA.


short-chain fatty acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a fatty acid with an aliphatic tail of less than 6 carbons.


CAH7_HUMAN Carbonic anhydrase 7 (sprot)

A carbonic anhydrase 7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GLP1R_HUMAN Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (sprot)

A glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor activity

Combining with glucagon-like peptide 1 and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein.


CATO_HUMAN Cathepsin O (sprot)

A cathepsin O that is encoded in the genome of human.


CATK_HUMAN Cathepsin K (sprot)

A cathepsin K that is encoded in the genome of human.


MATR3_HUMAN Matrin-3 (sprot)

A matrin-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MSH2_HUMAN DNA mismatch repair protein Msh2 (sprot)

A DNA mismatch repair protein Msh2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


single thymine insertion binding

Binding to a double-stranded DNA region containing a single thymine insertion or a deletion that results in an unpaired thymine.


somatic recombination of immunoglobulin gene segments

The process in which immunoglobulin genes are formed through recombination of the germline genetic elements, as known as immunoglobulin gene segments, within a single locus.


MutSalpha complex

A heterodimer involved in the recognition and repair of base-base and small insertion/deletion mismatches. In human the complex consists of two subunits, MSH2 and MSH6.


GRK6_HUMAN G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (sprot)

A G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


BTD_HUMAN Biotinidase (sprot)

A biotinidase that is encoded in the genome of human.


biotinidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: biotin amide + H2O = biotin + NH3.


biotin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving biotin, cis-tetrahydro-2-oxothieno(3,4-d)imidazoline-4-valeric acid; the (+) enantiomer is very widely distributed in cells and serves as a carrier in a number of enzymatic beta-carboxylation reactions.


ETV4_HUMAN ETS translocation variant 4 (sprot)

An ETS translocation variant 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GPDM_HUMAN Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial (sprot)

A glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


glycerol-3-phosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol.


SSRA_HUMAN Translocon-associated protein subunit alpha (sprot)

A translocon-associated protein subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


SSRB_HUMAN Translocon-associated protein subunit beta (sprot)

A translocon-associated protein subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


CRBB2_HUMAN Beta-crystallin B2 (sprot)

A beta-crystallin B2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RAD52_HUMAN DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog (sprot)

A DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog that is encoded in the genome of human.


DNA double-strand break processing involved in repair via single-strand annealing

The 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of the DNA at the site of the break to form a 3' single-strand DNA overhang that results in the repair of a double strand break via single-strand annealing.


DNA recombinase assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) into higher order oligomers on single-stranded DNA.


AL3B1_HUMAN Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B1 (sprot)

An aldehyde dehydrogenase family 3 member B1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


benzaldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzaldehyde + NADP+ + H2O = benzoate + NADPH + H+.


NR4A2_HUMAN Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2 (sprot)

A nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


general adaptation syndrome

General adaptation syndrome is the set of changes in various organ systems of the body, especially the pituitary-endocrine system, in response to a wide range of strong external stimuli, both physiological and psychological. It is described as having three stages: alarm reaction, where the body detects the external stimulus; adaptation, where the body engages defensive countermeasures against the stressor; and exhaustion, where the body begins to run out of defenses.


MAGA1_HUMAN Melanoma-associated antigen 1 (sprot)

A melanoma-associated antigen 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAGA2_HUMAN Melanoma-associated antigen 2 (sprot)

A melanoma-associated antigen 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of protein acetylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein acetylation.


MAGA3_HUMAN Melanoma-associated antigen 3 (sprot)

A melanoma-associated antigen 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAGA4_HUMAN Melanoma-associated antigen 4 (sprot)

A melanoma-associated antigen 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAGA5_HUMAN Putative melanoma-associated antigen 5P (sprot)

A putative melanoma-associated antigen 5P that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAGA6_HUMAN Melanoma-associated antigen 6 (sprot)

A melanoma-associated antigen 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAGA8_HUMAN Melanoma-associated antigen 8 (sprot)

A melanoma-associated antigen 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAGA9_HUMAN Melanoma-associated antigen 9 (sprot)

A melanoma-associated antigen 9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAGAA_HUMAN Melanoma-associated antigen 10 (sprot)

A melanoma-associated antigen 10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAGAB_HUMAN Melanoma-associated antigen 11 (sprot)

A melanoma-associated antigen 11 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAGAC_HUMAN Melanoma-associated antigen 12 (sprot)

A melanoma-associated antigen 12 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PTN9_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 9 (sprot)

A tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ZAP70_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase ZAP-70 (sprot)

A tyrosine-protein kinase ZAP-70 that is encoded in the genome of human.


beta selection

The process in which successful recombination of a T cell receptor beta chain into a translatable protein coding sequence leads to rescue from apoptosis and subsequent proliferation of an immature T cell.


KSYK_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK (sprot)

A tyrosine-protein kinase SYK that is encoded in the genome of human.


interleukin-15 receptor binding

Binding to an interleukin-15 receptor.


serotonin secretion by platelet

The regulated release of serotonin by a platelet or group of platelets.


positive regulation of interleukin-3 production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-3 production.


regulation of superoxide anion generation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of enzymatic generation of superoxide by a cell.


regulation of neutrophil degranulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil degranulation.


cellular response to molecule of fungal origin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus by molecules of fungal origin such as chito-octamer oligosaccharide.


regulation of arachidonic acid secretion

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of arachidonic acid secretion, the controlled release of arachidonic acid from a cell or a tissue.


RANG_HUMAN Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein (sprot)

A Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


TNR4_HUMAN Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (sprot)

A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NAMPT_HUMAN Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (sprot)

A nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + nicotinamide mononucleotide = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + H+ + nicotinamide.


KI2L1_HUMAN Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL1 (sprot)

A killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


KI2L2_HUMAN Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL2 (sprot)

A killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


KI2L3_HUMAN Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL3 (sprot)

A killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


KI3L1_HUMAN Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL1 (sprot)

A killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HLA-B specific inhibitory MHC class I receptor activity

Combining with a MHC class I molecule of the HLA-B subclass to mediate signaling that inhibits activation of a lymphocyte.


KI3L2_HUMAN Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL2 (sprot)

A killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 3DL2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MHC class Ib protein binding

Binding to a major histocompatibility complex class Ib molecules.


KI2S2_HUMAN Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS2 (sprot)

A killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


KI2S4_HUMAN Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS4 (sprot)

A killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


AFAM_HUMAN Afamin (sprot)

An afamin that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein transport within extracellular region

The directed movement of proteins in the extracellular region, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


LPAR6_HUMAN Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 6 (sprot)

An oleoyl-L-alpha-lysophosphatidic acid receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


ACHA4_HUMAN Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 (sprot)

A neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PRS6B_HUMAN 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B (sprot)

A 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B that is encoded in the genome of human.


GATA4_HUMAN Transcription factor GATA-4 (sprot)

A transcription factor GATA-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


atrioventricular node development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the atrioventricular (AV) node over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The AV node is part of the cardiac conduction system that controls the timing of ventricle contraction by receiving electrical signals from the sinoatrial (SA) node and relaying them to the His-Purkinje system.


atrioventricular valve formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the atrioventricular valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


cardiac muscle tissue regeneration

The regrowth of cardiac muscle tissue to repair injured or damaged muscle fibers in the postnatal stage.


NKX21_HUMAN Homeobox protein Nkx-2.1 (sprot)

A homeobox protein Nkx-2.1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


globus pallidus development

The progression of the globus pallidus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The globus pallidus is one of the basal ganglia involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain.


forebrain neuron fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a neuron that resides in the forebrain.


cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a GABAergic interneuron residing in the cerebral cortex.


developmental induction

A developmental process involving two tissues in which one tissue (the inducer) produces a signal that directs cell fate commitment of cells in the second tissue (the responder).


EFTS_HUMAN Elongation factor Ts, mitochondrial (sprot)

An elongation factor Ts, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


TNNT3_HUMAN Troponin T, fast skeletal muscle (sprot)

A troponin T, fast skeletal muscle that is encoded in the genome of human.


troponin I binding

Binding to troponin I, the inhibitory subunit of the troponin complex.


positive regulation of calcium-dependent ATPase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-dependent ATPase activity.


TNNT2_HUMAN Troponin T, cardiac muscle (sprot)

A troponin T, cardiac muscle that is encoded in the genome of human.


ACY2_HUMAN Aspartoacylase (sprot)

An aspartoacylase that is encoded in the genome of human.


aspartoacylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-acyl-L-aspartate + H2O = a fatty acid anion + L-aspartate.


acetate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetate, the anion of acetic acid.


MMP13_HUMAN Collagenase 3 (sprot)

A collagenase 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ABCG1_HUMAN ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 1 (sprot)

An ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ABC-type sterol transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + sterol(in) = ADP + phosphate + sterol(out).


lipid translocation

The translocation, or flipping, of lipid molecules from one monolayer of a membrane bilayer to the opposite monolayer.


glycoprotein transport

The directed movement of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


cellular response to high density lipoprotein particle stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a high density lipoprotein particle stimulus.


PPIC_HUMAN Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase C (sprot)

A eukaryotic-type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase C that is encoded in the genome of human.


VDAC2_HUMAN Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 (sprot)

A voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of protein polymerization

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the process of creating protein polymers.


ACDSB_HUMAN Short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial (sprot)

A short/branched chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


2-methylacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA + H+ + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] = (2E)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein].


Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + acceptor = 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + reduced acceptor, where the acyl group is a short chain fatty acid residue.


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + isobutyryl-CoA + FAD <=> methacrylyl-CoA + FADH2.


CBX5_HUMAN Chromobox protein homolog 5 (sprot)

A chromobox protein homolog 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


UBP5_HUMAN Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 5 (sprot)

A ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MK08_HUMAN Mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (sprot)

A mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


JUN phosphorylation

The process of introducing a phosphate group into a JUN protein.


JUN kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: JUN + ATP = JUN phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation and activation of members of the JUN family, a gene family that encodes nuclear transcription factors.


positive regulation of cell killing

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell killing.


regulation of DNA replication origin binding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication origin binding.


MK09_HUMAN Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 (sprot)

A mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein localization to tricellular tight junction

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a tricellular tight junction.


MP2K4_HUMAN Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (sprot)

A dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


smooth muscle cell apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a smooth muscle cell. Smooth muscle consists of non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels.


KI67_HUMAN Proliferation marker protein Ki-67 (sprot)

A proliferation marker protein Ki-67 that is encoded in the genome of human.


KPB2_HUMAN Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, liver isoform (sprot)

A phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, liver isoform that is encoded in the genome of human.


KPB1_HUMAN Phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform (sprot)

A phosphorylase b kinase regulatory subunit alpha, skeletal muscle isoform that is encoded in the genome of human.


S15A1_HUMAN Solute carrier family 15 member 1 (sprot)

A solute carrier family 15 member 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


proton-dependent oligopeptide secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a oligopeptide from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by proton movement.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: peptide(out) + H+(out) = peptide(in) + H+(in), up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by hydrogen ion movement.


tripeptide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a tripeptide, a compound containing three amino acids linked together by peptide bonds, from one side of a membrane to the other.


dipeptide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a dipeptide from one side of a membrane to the other. A dipeptide is a combination of two amino acids linked together by a peptide (-CO-NH-) bond.


dipeptide import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of a dipeptide from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


tripeptide import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of a tripeptide from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


RAGP1_HUMAN Ran GTPase-activating protein 1 (sprot)

A Ran GTPase-activating protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SUMO ligase complex

A protein ligase complex that enables protein sumoylation. Consists of a SUMO-protein transferase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity of the complex.


cytoplasmic periphery of the nuclear pore complex

Cytoplasm situated in close proximity to a nuclear pore complex.


nuclear pore cytoplasmic filaments

Filamentous extensions on cytoplasmic face of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). In S. cerevisiae, Nup159p, Nup82p, and Nup42p contribute to the cytoplasmic filaments. In vertebrates, Nup358 is a major component.


RECQ1_HUMAN ATP-dependent DNA helicase Q1 (sprot)

An ATP-dependent DNA helicase Q1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NOP2_HUMAN Probable 28S rRNA (cytosine(4447)-C(5))-methyltransferase (sprot)

A probable 28S rRNA (cytosine(4447)-C(5))-methyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


ribosomal large subunit assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of constituent RNAs and proteins to form the large ribosomal subunit.


GPR3_HUMAN G-protein coupled receptor 3 (sprot)

A G-protein coupled receptor 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CML2_HUMAN Chemerin-like receptor 2 (sprot)

A chemerin-like receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


adipokinetic hormone receptor activity

Combining with an adipokinetic hormone to initiate a change in cell activity. Adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) are protein or peptide hormones that are important for sugar and fat homeostasis in metazoa. In insects, they mobilize sugar and lipids from the insect fat body during energy-requiring activities such as flight and locomotion. They also contribute to hemolymph sugar homeostasis.


adipokinetic hormone binding

Binding to an adipokinetic hormone. Adipokinetic hormones (AKHs) are peptide hormones that are involved in the mobilization of sugar and lipids from the insect fat body during energy-requiring activities such as flight and locomotion. They also contribute to hemolymph sugar homeostasis.


CCR10_HUMAN C-C chemokine receptor type 10 (sprot)

A C-C chemokine receptor type 10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GPR4_HUMAN G-protein coupled receptor 4 (sprot)

A G-protein coupled receptor 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


glomerular mesangial cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerular mesangial cell in the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


XCR1_HUMAN Chemokine XC receptor 1 (sprot)

A chemokine XC receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GPR6_HUMAN G-protein coupled receptor 6 (sprot)

A G-protein coupled receptor 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


5HT3A_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A (sprot)

A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATRX_HUMAN Transcriptional regulator ATRX (sprot)

A transcriptional regulator ATRX that is encoded in the genome of human.


DNA translocase activity

Generation of movement along a single- or double-stranded DNA molecule, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


post-embryonic forelimb morphogenesis

The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the forelimb are generated and organized. The forelimbs are the front limbs of an organism.


cellular response to hydroxyurea

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydroxyurea stimulus.


chromosome, subtelomeric region

A region of the chromosome, adjacent to the telomere (on the centromeric side) that contains repetitive DNA and sometimes genes. This region is usually heterochromatin.


CRK_HUMAN Adapter molecule crk (sprot)

An adapter molecule crk that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein phosphorylated amino acid binding

Binding to a phosphorylated amino acid residue within a protein.


helper T cell diapedesis

The passage of a helper T cell between the tight junctions of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, typically the fourth and final step of cellular extravasation.


response to hepatocyte growth factor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hepatocyte growth factor stimulus.


postsynaptic specialization assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a postsynaptic specialization, a region that lies adjacent to the cytoplasmic face of the postsynaptic membrane.


cerebellar neuron development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cerebellar neuron over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


regulation of intracellular signal transduction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intracellular signal transduction.


cellular response to endothelin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an endothelin stimulus. Endothelin is any of three secretory vasoconstrictive peptides (endothelin-1, -2, -3).


CRKL_HUMAN Crk-like protein (sprot)

A Crk-like protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of glial cell migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell migration.


extrinsic component of postsynaptic membrane

The component of the postsynaptic membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


IF2M_HUMAN Translation initiation factor IF-2, mitochondrial (sprot)

A translation initiation factor IF-2, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


mitochondrial translational initiation

The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein in a mitochondrion. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA.


BAG6_HUMAN Large proline-rich protein BAG6 (sprot)

A large proline-rich protein BAT3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pre-emptive quality control

The response to endoplasimic reticulum stress in which nascent proteins are degraded by attenuation of their translocation into the ER followed by rerouting to the cytosol without cleavage of the signal peptide, and subsequent degradation by the proteasome.


maintenance of unfolded protein involved in ERAD pathway

Maintaining an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein in an unfolded, soluble state that contributes to its degradation by the cytoplasmic proteasome. Maintaining ER-resident proteins in an unfolded yet soluble state condition after their retro-translocation favors their turnover by the cytosolic proteasome.


protein localization to cytosolic proteasome complex involved in ERAD pathway

Any protein localization to cytosolic proteasome complex that is involved in ERAD pathway. Following their retrotranslocation out of the endoplasmic reticulum, protein substrates must be shuttled to the cytosolic proteasome for degradation.


GSTM5_HUMAN Glutathione S-transferase Mu 5 (sprot)

A glutathione S-transferase mu 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NSF_HUMAN Vesicle-fusing ATPase (sprot)

A vesicle-fusing ATPase that is encoded in the genome of human.


SNARE complex disassembly

The disaggregation of the SNARE protein complex into its constituent components. The SNARE complex is a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers.


CDN1B_HUMAN Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (sprot)

A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B that is encoded in the genome of human.


cyclin-dependent protein kinase activating kinase regulator activity

Modulation of the activity of the enzyme cyclin-dependent protein kinase activating kinase.


autophagic cell death

A form of programmed cell death that is accompanied by the formation of autophagosomes. Autophagic cell death is characterized by lack of chromatin condensation and massive vacuolization of the cytoplasm, with little or no uptake by phagocytic cells.


regulation of lens fiber cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lens fiber cell differentiation.


Cul4A-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex

A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul4A subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by an adaptor protein.


NOTC1_HUMAN Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (sprot)

A neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


endocardium morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the endocardium is generated and organized. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.


coronary sinus valve morphogenesis

The process in which the structure of the coronary sinus valve is generated and organized.


mitral valve formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the mitral valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


growth involved in heart morphogenesis

Developmental growth that contributes to the shaping of the heart.


negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart valve morphogenesis

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of cell proliferation that contributes to the shaping of a heart valve.


Notch signaling pathway involved in regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of an extracellular ligand to a Notch receptor on the surface of the target cell contributing to the modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the secondary heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


positive regulation of transcription of Notch receptor target

The activation of transcription of specific genes as a result of Notch signaling, mediated by the Notch intracellular domain.


foregut morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the foregut are generated and organized.


auditory receptor cell fate commitment

The process in which the cellular identity of auditory hair cells is acquired and determined.


cell differentiation in spinal cord

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the spinal cord. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


secretory columnal luminar epithelial cell differentiation involved in prostate glandular acinus development

The process in which a relatively unspecialized epithelial cell acquires specialized features of a secretory columnal luminar epithelial cell of the prostate.


regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of epithelial cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time.


arterial endothelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized endothelial cell acquires specialized features of an arterial endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell that lines the inside surfaces of arteries.


venous endothelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized endothelial cell acquires specialized features of a venous endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell that lines the inside surfaces of veins.


vasculogenesis involved in coronary vascular morphogenesis

The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells that contributes to blood vessel development in the heart, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes.


regulation of cell adhesion involved in heart morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the extent of cell adhesion contributing to the shaping of the heart.


positive regulation of cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition

Any process that starts or increases the rate, frequency or extent of cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.


cellular response to tumor cell

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a tumor cell.


distal tubule development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the distal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the distal tubule is a nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the connecting tubule.


positive regulation of aorta morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aorta morphogenesis.


negative regulation of pro-B cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pro-B cell differentiation.


MAML1-RBP-Jkappa- ICN1 complex

A protein complex that consists of the intracellular domain of Notch1 (ICN1), the DNA-binding transcription factor RBP-Jkappa, and the transcriptional coactivator Mastermind-like-1 (MAML1); the complex is involved in transcriptional activation in response to Notch-mediated signaling.


ASMT_HUMAN Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (sprot)

An acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


S-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the sulfur atom of an acceptor molecule.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-acetylserotonin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + melatonin. Melatonin is also known as N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine.


melatonin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine).


indolalkylamine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indolalkylamines, indole or indole derivatives containing a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine group.


BKRB1_HUMAN B1 bradykinin receptor (sprot)

A B1 bradykinin receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


IEX1_HUMAN Radiation-inducible immediate-early gene IEX-1 (sprot)

A radiation-inducible immediate-early gene IEX-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SO1A2_HUMAN Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 (sprot)

A solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MP2K3_HUMAN Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (sprot)

A dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


BRCC3_HUMAN Lys-63-specific deubiquitinase BRCC36 (sprot)

A lys-63-specific deubiquitinase BRCC36 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RL27A_HUMAN Large ribosomal subunit protein uL15 (sprot)

A 60S ribosomal protein L27a that is encoded in the genome of human.


RL5_HUMAN Large ribosomal subunit protein uL18 (sprot)

A 60S ribosomal protein L5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


5S rRNA binding

Binding to a 5S ribosomal RNA, the smallest RNA constituent of a ribosome.


ubiquitin ligase inhibitor activity

Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a ubiquitin ligase.


negative regulation of protein neddylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein neddylation.


RL21_HUMAN Large ribosomal subunit protein eL21 (sprot)

A 60S ribosomal protein L21 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RL28_HUMAN Large ribosomal subunit protein eL28 (sprot)

A 60S ribosomal protein L28 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RS9_HUMAN Small ribosomal subunit protein uS4 (sprot)

A 40S ribosomal protein S9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RS5_HUMAN Small ribosomal subunit protein uS7 (sprot)

A 40S ribosomal protein S5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RS10_HUMAN Small ribosomal subunit protein eS10 (sprot)

A 40S ribosomal protein S10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAP1B_HUMAN Microtubule-associated protein 1B (sprot)

A microtubule-associated protein 1B that is encoded in the genome of human.


developmental maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an anatomical structure, cell or cellular component to attain its fully functional state.


induction of synaptic plasticity by chemical substance

The process in which a chemical substance activates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require.


establishment of monopolar cell polarity

The specification and formation of monopolar intracellular organization or cell growth patterns. Monopolar cell organization is directional organization along an axis.


hippocampal mossy fiber

Axon of dentate gyrus granule cell projecting to hippocampal area CA3, characterized by expansions (mossy fiber expansions) giving the fibers a mossy appearance. These unmyelinated axons were first described by Ramon y Cajal.


GNPI1_HUMAN Glucosamine-6-phosphate isomerase 1 (sprot)

A glucosamine-6-phosphate isomerase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate + NH4.


glucosamine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose), an aminodeoxysugar that occurs in combined form in chitin.


NEDD4_HUMAN E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4 (sprot)

An E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


viral budding

A viral process by which enveloped viruses acquire a host-derived membrane enriched in viral proteins to form their external envelope. The process starts when nucleocapsids, assembled or in the process of being built, induce formation of a membrane curvature in the host plasma or organelle membrane and wrap up in the forming bud. The process ends when the bud is eventually pinched off by membrane scission to release the enveloped particle into the lumenal or extracellular space.


sodium channel inhibitor activity

Binds to and stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of a sodium channel.


phosphothreonine residue binding

Binding to a phosphorylated threonine residue within a protein.


formation of structure involved in a symbiotic process

The progression of an organism from an initial condition to a later condition, occurring when the organism is in a symbiotic interaction.


positive regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.


negative regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity.


YAP1_HUMAN Transcriptional coactivator YAP1 (sprot)

A transcriptional coactivator YAP1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


embryonic heart tube morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the embryonic heart tube are generated and organized. The embryonic heart tube is an epithelial tube that will give rise to the mature heart.


polarized epithelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a polarized epithelial cell. The polarized epithelial cell can be any of the cells within an epithelium where the epithelial sheet is oriented with respect to the planar axis.


enterocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an enterocyte.


UTRN_HUMAN Utrophin (sprot)

A utrophin that is encoded in the genome of human.


IQGA1_HUMAN Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1 (sprot)

A Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of dephosphorylation

Any process the stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a molecule.


3HAO_HUMAN 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase (sprot)

A 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxyanthranilate + O2 = cis,cis-2-amino-3-(3-oxoprop-1-enyl)but-2-enedioate + H+.


GLYG_HUMAN Glycogenin-1 (sprot)

A glycogenin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


STT3A_HUMAN Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit STT3A (sprot)

A dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase subunit STT3A that is encoded in the genome of human.


co-translational protein modification

The process of covalently altering one or more amino acids in a protein after translation has begun but before the protein has been released from the ribosome.


oligosaccharyltransferase III complex

An oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) complex that contains the seven polypeptides found in OST complex I, plus heterotrimeric Sec61alpha-beta-gamma and the tetrameric TRAP complex. Of the three forms of mammalian OST complexes identified, the OSTIII complex has the strongest affinity for ribosomes.


GALR1_HUMAN Galanin receptor type 1 (sprot)

A galanin receptor type 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MSS4_HUMAN Guanine nucleotide exchange factor MSS4 (sprot)

A guanine nucleotide exchange factor MSS4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CASA1_HUMAN Alpha-S1-casein (sprot)

An alpha-S1-casein that is encoded in the genome of human.


PA24A_HUMAN Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (sprot)

A cytosolic phospholipase A2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


O-acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.


ceramide 1-phosphate binding

Binding to ceramide 1-phosphate.


platelet activating factor biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of platelet activating factor, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine, where alkyl = hexadecyl or octadecyl. Platelet activating factor is an inflammatory mediator released from a variety of cells in response to various stimuli.


phosphatidylglycerol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylglycerols, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of glycerol.


RPGP1_HUMAN Rap1 GTPase-activating protein 1 (sprot)

A Rap1 GTPase-activating protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of microvillus assembly

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microvillus assembly.


negative regulation of thyroid gland epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid gland epithelial cell proliferation.


CAZA2_HUMAN F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-2 (sprot)

An F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CAPZB_HUMAN F-actin-capping protein subunit beta (sprot)

An F-actin-capping protein subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


GPR12_HUMAN G-protein coupled receptor 12 (sprot)

A G-protein coupled receptor 12 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RGR_HUMAN RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor (sprot)

An RPE-retinal G protein-coupled receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


IF1AX_HUMAN Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, X-chromosomal (sprot)

A eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, X-chromosomal that is encoded in the genome of human.


GBRA2_HUMAN Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 (sprot)

A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GBRB2_HUMAN Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 (sprot)

A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GLR_HUMAN Glucagon receptor (sprot)

A glucagon receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


glucagon receptor activity

Combining with glucagon and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


SCTR_HUMAN Secretin receptor (sprot)

A secretin receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


secretin receptor activity

Combining with secretin to initiate a change in cell activity.


OMP_HUMAN Olfactory marker protein (sprot)

An olfactory marker protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


OR3A1_HUMAN Olfactory receptor 3A1 (sprot)

An olfactory receptor 3A1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


OR3A4_HUMAN Putative olfactory receptor 3A4 (sprot)

A putative olfactory receptor 3A4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


OR1D4_HUMAN Olfactory receptor 1D4 (sprot)

An olfactory receptor 1D4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


OR1E2_HUMAN Olfactory receptor 1E2 (sprot)

An olfactory receptor 1E2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


OR3A3_HUMAN Olfactory receptor 3A3 (sprot)

An olfactory receptor 3A3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


OR1G1_HUMAN Olfactory receptor 1G1 (sprot)

An olfactory receptor 1G1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


OR3A2_HUMAN Olfactory receptor 3A2 (sprot)

An olfactory receptor 3A2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


AL1A3_HUMAN Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 3 (sprot)

An aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


optic cup morphogenesis involved in camera-type eye development

The invagination of the optic vesicle to form two-walled indentations, the optic cups, that will go on to form the retina. This process begins with the optic vesicle becoming a two-walled structure and its subsequent shape changes. It does not include the fate commitment of cells to become the pigmented retina and the neural retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.


nucleus accumbens development

The progression of the nucleus accumbens over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The nucleus accumbens is a collection of pleomorphic cells in the caudal part of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, in the region of the olfactory tubercle, lying between the head of the caudate nucleus and the anterior perforated substance. It is part of the ventral striatum, a composite structure considered part of the basal ganglia.


olfactory pit development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the olfactory pit from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the olfactory pit, which is an indentation of the olfactory placode, and ends when the pits hollows out to form the nasopharynx.


SYQ_HUMAN Glutamine--tRNA ligase (sprot)

A glutamine--tRNA ligase that is encoded in the genome of human.


glutamine-tRNA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-glutamine + tRNA(Gln) = AMP + diphosphate + L-glutaminyl-tRNA(Gln).


glutaminyl-tRNA aminoacylation

The process of coupling glutamine to glutaminyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. The glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a glutamine-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.


5HT5A_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A (sprot)

A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A that is encoded in the genome of human.


P2RY1_HUMAN P2Y purinoceptor 1 (sprot)

A P2Y purinoceptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


G protein-coupled ADP receptor activity

Combining with ADP and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


G protein-coupled ATP receptor activity

Combining with ATP and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


relaxation of muscle

A process in which the extent of muscle contraction is reduced. Muscle relaxation can involve a number of processes including the removal of calcium from the cytoplasm to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen through the action of Ca2+ ATPases. In some muscles, calcium-independent pathways also play a role in muscle relaxation by decreasing the phosphorylation state of myosin light chain.


V1BR_HUMAN Vasopressin V1b receptor (sprot)

A vasopressin V1b receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


CDX1_HUMAN Homeobox protein CDX-1 (sprot)

A homeobox protein CDX-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RL29_HUMAN Large ribosomal subunit protein eL29 (sprot)

A 60S ribosomal protein L29 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ID4_HUMAN DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID-4 (sprot)

A DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


prostate gland stromal morphogenesis

The process in which the prostate gland stroma is generated and organized. The prostate gland stroma is made up of the mesenchymal or fibroblast cells of the prostate gland.


seminal vesicle morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a seminal vesicle are generated and organized.


LEG7_HUMAN Galectin-7 (sprot)

A galectin-7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MT4_HUMAN Metallothionein-4 (sprot)

A metallothionein-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NPTX2_HUMAN Neuronal pentraxin-2 (sprot)

A neuronal pentraxin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TISD_HUMAN mRNA decay activator protein ZFP36L2 (sprot)

An mRNA decay activator protein ZFP36L2 that is encoded in the genome of human.