negative regulation of Wnt protein secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a Wnt protein from a cell.


cellular response to morphine

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a morphine stimulus. Morphine is an opioid alkaloid, isolated from opium, with a complex ring structure.


RORA_HUMAN Nuclear receptor ROR-alpha (sprot)

A nuclear receptor ROR-alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of steroid metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids.


T-helper 17 cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires the specialized features of a T-helper 17 (Th17) cell. A Th17 cell is a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell with the phenotype RORgamma-t-positive that produces IL-17.


PE2R4_HUMAN Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype (sprot)

A prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of integrin activation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of integrin activation.


negative regulation of eosinophil extravasation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil extravasation.


MAS1L_HUMAN Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor MRG (sprot)

A Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor MRG that is encoded in the genome of human.


APJ_HUMAN Apelin receptor (sprot)

An apelin receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of gap junction assembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gap junction assembly.


atrioventricular valve development

The progression of the atrioventricular valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a vascular smooth muscle cell.


venous blood vessel development

The progression of the venous blood vessel over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. Venous blood vessels carry blood back to the heart after the capillary bed.


positive regulation of inhibitory G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of inhibitory G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation.


TSP2_HUMAN Thrombospondin-2 (sprot)

A thrombospondin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TSP4_HUMAN Thrombospondin-4 (sprot)

A thrombospondin-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HXD12_HUMAN Homeobox protein Hox-D12 (sprot)

A homeobox protein Hox-D12 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HXD13_HUMAN Homeobox protein Hox-D13 (sprot)

A homeobox protein Hox-D13 that is encoded in the genome of human.


branch elongation of an epithelium

The growth process in which a branch increases in length from its base to its tip.


DRD3_HUMAN D(3) dopamine receptor (sprot)

A D(3) dopamine receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


musculoskeletal movement, spinal reflex action

Involuntary movement caused by the application of a stimulus to an organism and a subsequent movement. The signal processing of this movement takes place in the spinal cord.


positive regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the dopamine receptor protein signaling pathway. A dopamine receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


IDUA_HUMAN Alpha-L-iduronidase (sprot)

An alpha-L-iduronidase that is encoded in the genome of human.


heparin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heparin, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans of average Mr (6000-20000), consisting predominantly of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-sulfate residues.


L-iduronidase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of alpha-L-iduronosidic linkages in dermatan sulfate.


disaccharide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any disaccharide, sugars composed of two monosaccharide units.


SCN1A_HUMAN Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha (sprot)

A sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


membrane depolarization during action potential

The process in which membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


SCN4A_HUMAN Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha (sprot)

A sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of skeletal muscle contraction by action potential

Any action potential process that regulates skeletal muscle contraction.


UD13_HUMAN UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A3 (sprot)

A UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


UD15_HUMAN UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A5 (sprot)

A UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CBS_HUMAN Cystathionine beta-synthase (sprot)

A cystathionine beta-synthase that is encoded in the genome of human.


cystathionine beta-synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + L-homocysteine = cystathionine + H2O.


carbon monoxide binding

Binding to carbon monoxide (CO).


S-adenosyl-L-methionine binding

Binding to S-adenosyl-L-methionine.


DNA protection

Any process in which DNA is protected from damage by, for example, oxidative stress.


homocysteine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of homocysteine, the amino acid alpha-amino-gamma-mercaptobutanoic acid.


CLCN1_HUMAN Chloride channel protein 1 (sprot)

A chloride channel protein, skeletal muscle that is encoded in the genome of human.


voltage-gated chloride channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


K1C9_HUMAN Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 9 (sprot)

A keratin, type I cytoskeletal 9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SAA4_HUMAN Serum amyloid A-4 protein (sprot)

A primate-type serum amyloid A-4 protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


MSX2_HUMAN Homeobox protein MSX-2 (sprot)

A homeobox protein MSX-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FBN1_HUMAN Fibrillin-1 (sprot)

A fibrillin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


sequestering of TGFbeta in extracellular matrix

Confining TGFbeta to the extracellular matrix (ECM) such that it is separated from other components of the signaling pathway, including its cell surface receptor. TGFbeta is secreted as part of a latent complex that is targeted to the extracellular matrix through latent-TGFbeta-binding protein (LTBP)-mediated association with matrix proteins.


post-embryonic eye morphogenesis

The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized. The eye is the organ of sight.


FBN2_HUMAN Fibrillin-2 (sprot)

A fibrillin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HXK4_HUMAN Hexokinase-4 (sprot)

A hexokinase-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


glucose sensor activity

Binding to and responding, e.g. by conformational change, to changes in the cellular level of glucose.


PCKGC_HUMAN Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP] (sprot)

A phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, cytosolic [GTP] that is encoded in the genome of human.


phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + oxaloacetate = GDP + phosphoenolpyruvate + CO2.


protein serine kinase activity (using GTP as donor)

Catalysis of the reactions: GTP + L-seryl-[protein] = GDP + H+ + O-phospho-L-seryl-[protein].


glycerol biosynthetic process from pyruvate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, from other compounds, including pyruvate.


regulation of lipid biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.


cellular response to potassium ion starvation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of potassium ions.


response to interleukin-6

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-6 stimulus.


response to methionine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methionine stimulus.


IRS1_HUMAN Insulin receptor substrate 1 (sprot)

An insulin receptor substrate 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GDE_HUMAN Glycogen debranching enzyme (sprot)

A glycogen debranching enzyme that is encoded in the genome of human.


glycogen debranching enzyme activity

Catalysis of the cleavage of branch points in branched glycogen polymers.


4-alpha-glucanotransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a segment of a (1->4)-alpha-D-glucan to a new 4-position in an acceptor, which may be glucose or (1->4)-alpha-D-glucan.


amylo-alpha-1,6-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen phosphorylase limit dextrin. Limit dextrin is the highly branched core that remains after exhaustive treatment of glycogen with glycogen phosphorylase. It is formed because these enzymes cannot hydrolyze the (1->6) glycosidic linkages present.


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-glucose + a plant soluble heteroglycan = a plant soluble heteroglycan + maltose.


isoamylase complex

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A protein complex whose composition varies amongst species; in rice it probably exists in a homo-tetramer to homo-hexamer form and in Gram-negative bacteria as a dimer. Functions in the hydrolysis of alpha-(1,6)-D-glucosidic branch linkages.


G6PC1_HUMAN Glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 (sprot)

A glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


glucose-6-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucopyranose 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucose + phosphate. D-glucopyranose is also known as D-glucose 6-phosphate.


MYH9_HUMAN Myosin-9 (sprot)

A myosin-9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


actomyosin structure organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures containing both actin and myosin or paramyosin. The myosin may be organized into filaments.


cytokinetic process

A cellular process that is involved in cytokinesis (the division of the cytoplasm of a cell and its separation into two daughter cells).


establishment of meiotic spindle localization

The cell cycle process in which the directed movement of the meiotic spindle to a specific location in the cell occurs.


cortical granule exocytosis

The process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules contained within a cortical granule by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell. A cortical granule is a specialized secretory vesicle that is released during egg activation that changes the surface of the egg to prevent polyspermy.


negative regulation of actin filament severing

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament severing.


actomyosin contractile ring

A cytoskeletal structure composed of actin filaments and myosin that forms beneath the plasma membrane of many cells, including animal cells and yeast cells, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the spindle, i.e. the cell division plane. In animal cells, the contractile ring is located at the cleavage furrow. In budding fungal cells, e.g. mitotic S. cerevisiae cells, the contractile ring forms at the mother-bud neck before mitosis.


actomyosin

Any complex of actin, myosin, and accessory proteins.


myosin II filament

A bipolar filament composed of myosin II molecules.


MYH10_HUMAN Myosin-10 (sprot)

A myosin-10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TIE1_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Tie-1 (sprot)

A tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Tie-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation

The process in which a venous blood vessel endothelial cell acquires specialized features of a lymphatic vessel endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell that lines the inside surfaces of lymph vessels.


branching involved in lymph vessel morphogenesis

The process of the coordinated growth and sprouting of lymph vessels giving rise to the organized lymphatic system.


COPB2_HUMAN Coatomer subunit beta' (sprot)

A coatomer subunit beta' that is encoded in the genome of human.


ACTN2_HUMAN Alpha-actinin-2 (sprot)

An alpha-actinin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


actin filament uncapping

The removal of capping protein from the end of actin filaments to free the ends for addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits.


positive regulation of endocytic recycling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endocytic recycling.


SOAT1_HUMAN Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 (sprot)

A sterol O-acyltransferase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of amyloid-beta.


ADDA_HUMAN Alpha-adducin (sprot)

An alpha-adducin that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of adherens junction organization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adherens junction organization.


F-actin capping protein complex

A heterodimer consisting of alpha and beta subunits that binds to and caps the barbed ends of actin filaments, thereby regulating the polymerization of actin monomers but not severing actin filaments.


ADDB_HUMAN Beta-adducin (sprot)

A beta-adducin that is encoded in the genome of human.


BASI_HUMAN Basigin (sprot)

A basigin that is encoded in the genome of human.


TIMP3_HUMAN Metalloproteinase inhibitor 3 (sprot)

A metalloproteinase inhibitor 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ARBK2_HUMAN Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 2 (sprot)

A beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FUS_HUMAN RNA-binding protein FUS (sprot)

An RNA-binding protein FUS that is encoded in the genome of human.


DDIT3_HUMAN DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein (sprot)

A DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of CREB transcription factor activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor CREB.


intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to nitrosative stress

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to nitrosative stress; a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of nitric oxide (NO) or the highly reactive oxidant peroxynitrite, which is produced following interaction of NO with superoxide anions.


negative regulation of determination of dorsal identity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of determination of dorsal identity.


NU214_HUMAN Nuclear pore complex protein Nup214 (sprot)

A nuclear pore complex protein Nup214 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cytoplasmic side of nuclear pore

The side of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) that faces the cytoplasm.


DEK_HUMAN Protein DEK (sprot)

A protein DEK that is encoded in the genome of human.


CYLC1_HUMAN Cylicin-1 (sprot)

A cylicin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cytoskeletal calyx

A large cytoskeletal structure located at the posterior end of the perinuclear theca of a mammalian sperm head. The nucleus is tightly associated with the calyx, which contains calicin and basic cylicin proteins.


ATP7B_HUMAN Copper-transporting ATPase 2 (sprot)

A copper-transporting ATPase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


P-type divalent copper transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Cu2+(in) = ADP + phosphate + Cu2+(out).


P-type monovalent copper transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Cu+(in) = ADP + phosphate + Cu+(out).


HNF1B_HUMAN Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta (sprot)

A hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


endodermal cell fate specification

The cell fate determination process that results in a cell becoming capable of differentiating autonomously into an endoderm cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


inner cell mass cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an inner cell mass cell.


pronephric nephron tubule development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pronephric nephron tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pronephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the pronephric nephron and connects the filtration unit (glomerulus or glomus) of the pronephros to the pronephric duct.


ureteric bud elongation

The developmental growth in which the ureteric bud grows along its axis beginning with the growth of the primary ureteric bud and ending when the branches of the bud have elongated.


negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in mesonephric nephron morphogenesis

Any process that reduces the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron in the mesonephros.


regulation of branch elongation involved in ureteric bud branching

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of branch elongation involved in ureteric bud branching, the growth of a branch of the ureteric bud along its axis.


mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development

Any mesenchymal cell apoptotic process that is involved in metanephros development.


negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development.


SOX5_HUMAN Transcription factor SOX-5 (sprot)

A transcription factor SOX-5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


asymmetric neuroblast division

The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a neuroblast into two daughter cells with different developmental potentials.


positive regulation of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.


SOX6_HUMAN Transcription factor SOX-6 (sprot)

A transcription factor SOX-6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


spinal cord oligodendrocyte cell differentiation

The process in which neuroepithelial cells in the neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of oligodendrocytes. Oligodendrocytes are non-neuronal cells. The primary function of oligodendrocytes is the myelination of nerve axons in the central nervous system. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


SOX18_HUMAN Transcription factor SOX-18 (sprot)

A transcription factor SOX-18 that is encoded in the genome of human.


stem cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a stem cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


endocardium formation

Formation of the endocardium of the heart. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.


endocardial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of an endocardial cell. An endocardial cell is a specialized endothelial cell that makes up the endocardium portion of the heart. The endocardium is the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.


SOX11_HUMAN Transcription factor SOX-11 (sprot)

A transcription factor SOX-11 that is encoded in the genome of human.


closure of optic fissure

The closure of the temporary ventral gap in the optic cup that contributes to its shaping.


positive regulation of lens epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lens epithelial cell proliferation.


MYH11_HUMAN Myosin-11 (sprot)

A myosin-11 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GLRX1_HUMAN Glutaredoxin-1 (sprot)

A glutaredoxin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


glutathione disulfide oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + electron acceptor = glutathione disulfide + electron donor.


positive regulation of membrane potential

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.


ZNF93_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 93 (sprot)

A zinc finger protein 93 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CHKA_HUMAN Choline kinase alpha (sprot)

A choline kinase alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


choline kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + choline = ADP + choline phosphate + 2 H+.


ethanolamine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + ethanolamine = ADP + 2 H+ + phosphoethanolamine.


PPM1A_HUMAN Protein phosphatase 1A (sprot)

A protein phosphatase 1A that is encoded in the genome of human.


ALS_HUMAN Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein complex acid labile subunit (sprot)

An insulin-like growth factor-binding protein complex acid labile chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


AHR_HUMAN Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (sprot)

An aryl hydrocarbon receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell.


cytosolic aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex

An aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex found in the cytosol, in which the ligand-binding subunit AhR is not bound to ligand; consists of AhR, two molecules of HSP90, the protein kinase c-Src, and the immunophilin XAP2/AIP.


K1C20_HUMAN Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 20 (sprot)

A keratin, type I cytoskeletal 20 that is encoded in the genome of human.


K22E_HUMAN Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 2 epidermal (sprot)

A keratin, type II cytoskeletal 2 epidermal that is encoded in the genome of human.


keratinocyte activation

A change in the morphology or behavior of a keratinocyte resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. Upon activation, keratinocytes become migratory and hyperproliferative, and produce growth factors and cytokines.


PDE6B_HUMAN Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit beta (sprot)

A rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


retinal cell apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a retinal cell.


HMGCL_HUMAN Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase, mitochondrial (sprot)

A hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA lyase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA = acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA.


ketone body biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ketone bodies, any one of the three substances: acetoacetate, D-3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) or acetone. Biosynthesis involves the formation of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA, which is cleaved to acetate and acetyl-CoA.


VGFR3_HUMAN Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (sprot)

A vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


VGFR2_HUMAN Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (sprot)

A vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


endocardium development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endocardium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.


post-embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized during post-embryonic development.


blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a blood vessel endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell that lines the inside surfaces of blood vessels.


cellular response to hydrogen sulfide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen sulfide stimulus.


PRS7_HUMAN 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 7 (sprot)

A 26S proteasome regulatory subunit 7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MOT8_HUMAN Monocarboxylate transporter 8 (sprot)

A monocarboxylate transporter 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


thyroid hormone transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of thyroid hormones from one side of a membrane to the other. Thyroid hormone are any of the compounds secreted by the thyroid gland, largely thyroxine and triiodothyronine.


thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion

The regulated release of thyroid-stimulating hormone, a peptide hormone that stimulates the activity of the thyroid gland, from secretory granules in the anterior pituitary.


CH3L1_HUMAN Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (sprot)

A chitinase-3-like protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


chitinase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins.


chitin binding

Binding to chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues.


GGT2_HUMAN Inactive glutathione hydrolase 2 (sprot)

A gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GGT5_HUMAN Glutathione hydrolase 5 proenzyme (sprot)

A glutathione hydrolase 5 proenzyme that is encoded in the genome of human.


CXA5_HUMAN Gap junction alpha-5 protein (sprot)

A gap junction alpha-5 protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


gap junction channel activity involved in SA node cell-atrial cardiac muscle cell electrical coupling

A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from an SA node cell to an atrial cardiomyocyte. The gap junction passes electrical signals between the cells contributing to cardiac conduction.


gap junction channel activity involved in atrial cardiac muscle cell-AV node cell electrical coupling

A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from an atrial cardiomyocyte to an AV node cell. The gap junction passes electrical signals between the cells contributing to cardiac conduction.


gap junction channel activity involved in AV node cell-bundle of His cell electrical coupling

A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from an AV node cell to a bundle of His cell. The gap junction passes electrical signals between the cells contributing to cardiac conduction.


gap junction channel activity involved in bundle of His cell-Purkinje myocyte electrical coupling

A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from a bundle of His cell to a Purkinje myocyte. The gap junction passes electrical signals between the cells contributing to cardiac conduction.


gap junction channel activity involved in Purkinje myocyte-ventricular cardiac muscle cell electrical coupling

A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from a Purkinje myocyte to a ventricular cardiac muscle cell. The gap junction passes electrical signals between the cells contributing to cardiac conduction.


mitral valve development

The progression of the mitral valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


pulmonary valve formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the pulmonary valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


positive regulation of cell communication by chemical coupling

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via chemical coupling. Cell communication by chemical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by the transfer of small, water-soluble molecules or metabolites between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell communication by electrical coupling

The process that mediates signaling interactions between an SA node cardiomyocyte and an atrial cardiomyocyte by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


atrial cardiac muscle cell to AV node cell communication by electrical coupling

The process that mediates signaling interactions between an atrial cardiomyocyte and an AV node cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


AV node cell to bundle of His cell communication by electrical coupling

The process that mediates signaling interactions between an AV node cardiomyocyte and a bundle of His cardiac muscle cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


bundle of His cell to Purkinje myocyte communication by electrical coupling

The process that mediates signaling interactions between a bundle of His cardiac muscle cell and a Purkinje myocyte by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


Purkinje myocyte to ventricular cardiac muscle cell communication by electrical coupling

The process that mediates signaling interactions between a Purkinje myocyte and a ventricular cardiac muscle cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


regulation of AV node cell action potential

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in an atrioventricular node myocyte. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.


regulation of bundle of His cell action potential

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a cardiac muscle cell of the bundle of His. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.


regulation of Purkinje myocyte action potential

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a Purkinje myocyte. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.


regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in an atrial cardiac muscle cell contributing to the regulation of its contraction. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.


vasomotion

The rhythmical contraction and relaxation of arterioles, observed as slow and fast waves, with frequencies of 1-2 and 10-20 cpm.


CXG1_HUMAN Gap junction gamma-1 protein (sprot)

A gap junction gamma-1 protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


TCF7_HUMAN Transcription factor 7 (sprot)

A transcription factor 7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell differentiation.


ARL2_HUMAN ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 2 (sprot)

An ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ARL3_HUMAN ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 3 (sprot)

An ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


photoreceptor cell development

Development of a photoreceptor, a cell that responds to incident electromagnetic radiation, particularly visible light.


TRI23_HUMAN E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM23 (sprot)

An E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM23 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MP2K2_HUMAN Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 (sprot)

A dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAP-kinase scaffold activity

The binding activity of a molecule that functions as a physical support for the assembly of a multiprotein mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) complex. Binds multiple kinases of the MAPKKK cascade, and also upstream signaling proteins, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. Bringing together multiple enzymes and their substrates enables the signal to be transduced quickly and efficiently.


ZNF76_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 76 (sprot)

A zinc finger protein 76 that is encoded in the genome of human.


UDB10_HUMAN UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10 (sprot)

A UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATPG_HUMAN ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial (sprot)

An ATP synthase subunit gamma, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


VATE1_HUMAN V-type proton ATPase subunit E 1 (sprot)

A V-type proton ATPase subunit E 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ACHA7_HUMAN Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 (sprot)

A neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


sensory processing

Any neural process required for an organism to sense and interpret the dimensions of a sensory experience: modality, location, intensity and affect.


dendritic spine organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a dendritic spine. A dendritic spine is a specialized protrusion from a neuronal dendrite and is involved in synaptic transmission.


HEM6_HUMAN Oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial (sprot)

An oxygen-dependent coproporphyrinogen-III oxidase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


coproporphyrinogen oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: coproporphyrinogen III + 2 H+ + O2 = 2 CO2 + 2 H2O + protoporphyrinogen IX.


ARRC_HUMAN Arrestin-C (sprot)

An arrestin-C that is encoded in the genome of human.


RL4_HUMAN Large ribosomal subunit protein uL4 (sprot)

A 60S ribosomal protein L4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


8ODP_HUMAN Oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase (sprot)

An oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase that is encoded in the genome of human.


8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine triphosphate (8-oxo-GTP) + H2O = 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine diphosphate (8-oxo-GDP) + phosphate. 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine triphosphate (8-oxo-GTP) is the oxidised form of the free guanine nucleotide and can act as a potent mutagenic substrate for transcription.


dATP diphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dATP + H2O = dAMP + H+ + diphosphate.


hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains phosphorus.


8-oxo-7,8-dihydrodeoxyguanosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 8-oxo-7,8-dihydrodeoxyguanosine-triphosphate (8-oxo-dGTP) + H2O = 8-oxo-7,8-dihydrodeoxyguanosine phosphate (8-oxo-dGMP) + diphosphate. 8-oxo-dGTP is the oxidised form of the free guanine nucleotide and can act as a potent mutagenic substrate for DNA synthesis causing transversion mutations. 8-oxo-dGTPase hydrolyses 8-oxo-dGTP to its monophosphate form to prevent the misincorporation of 8-oxo-dGTP into cellular DNA.


2-hydroxy-ATP hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-ATP + H2O = 2-hydroxy-AMP + H+ + diphosphate.


2-hydroxy-dATP hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-dATP + H2O = 2-hydroxy-dAMP + H+ + diphosphate.


N6-methyl-(d)ATP hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction N6-methyl-(d)ATP + H2O = N6-methyl-(d)AMP + diphosphate + H+.


O6-methyl-dGTP hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction O6-methyl-dGTP + H2O = O6-methyl-dGMP + diphosphate + H+.


purine nucleoside catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleoside, one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


LONM_HUMAN Lon protease homolog, mitochondrial (sprot)

A Lon protease, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


mitochondrial promoter sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a DNA region that controls the transcription of the mitochondrial DNA.


oxidation-dependent protein catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the oxidation of one or more amino acid residues in the protein.


PGM1_HUMAN Phosphoglucomutase-1 (sprot)

A phosphoglucomutase-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


phosphoglucomutase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate.


PP1G_HUMAN Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit (sprot)

A serine/threonine-protein phosphatase PP1-gamma catalytic subunit that is encoded in the genome of human.


FLT3_HUMAN Receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3 (sprot)

A receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


leukocyte homeostasis

The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of cells of the immune system such that the total number of cells of a particular cell type within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus.


pro-B cell differentiation

The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a pro-B cell. Pro-B cells are the earliest stage of the B cell lineage and undergo heavy chain D and J gene rearrangements, although they are not fully committed.


BMR1A_HUMAN Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1A (sprot)

A BMP receptor type-1A that is encoded in the genome of human.


transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type I

Combining with a complex of transforming growth factor beta and a type II TGF-beta receptor to initiate a change in cell activity; upon binding, acts as a downstream transducer of TGF-beta signals.


tricuspid valve morphogenesis

The process in which the structure of the tricuspid valve is generated and organized.


neural plate mediolateral regionalization

The process that regulates the coordinated growth and differentiation that establishes the non-random mediolateral spatial arrangement of the neural plate.


paraxial mesoderm structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the paraxial mesoderm. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure.


lateral mesoderm development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell proliferation.


heart formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the heart from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the heart field and the arrival of cardiac neural crest to the heart region. The process ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


atrioventricular node cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an atrioventricular (AV) node cell over time, from its formation to the mature state.


positive regulation of cardiac ventricle development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac ventricle development.


fibrous ring of heart morphogenesis

The developmental process by which a fibrous ring of heart is generated and organized.


ACV1B_HUMAN Activin receptor type-1B (sprot)

An activin receptor type-1B that is encoded in the genome of human.


activin receptor activity, type I

Combining with activin-bound type II activin receptor to initiate a change in cell activity; upon binding, acts as a downstream transducer of activin signals.


activin receptor complex

A protein complex that acts as an activin receptor. Heterodimeric activin receptors, comprising one Type I activin receptor and one Type II receptor polypeptide, and heterotrimeric receptors have been observed.


TGFR1_HUMAN TGF-beta receptor type-1 (sprot)

A TGF-beta receptor type-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


proepicardium development

The progression of the proepicardium from its formation to the mature structure. The proepicardium is an outpouching of the septum transversum.


transforming growth factor beta receptor activity

Combining with a transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.


extracellular structure organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures in the space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane, and also covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.


epicardium morphogenesis

The developmental process by which an epicardium is generated and organized.


transforming growth factor beta ligand-receptor complex

A protein complex that is formed by the association of a TGF-beta dimeric ligand with 2 molecules of each receptor molecule, TGF-beta type I receptor and TGF-beta type II receptor. The receptor molecules may form homo- or heterodimers but only once bound by the ligand.


GNL1_HUMAN Guanine nucleotide-binding protein-like 1 (sprot)

A guanine nucleotide-binding protein-like 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TNR3_HUMAN Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 3 (sprot)

A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of any organ involved in hematopoiesis (also known as hemopoiesis) or lymphoid cell activation over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Such development includes differentiation of resident cell types (stromal cells) and of migratory cell types dependent on the unique microenvironment afforded by the organ for their proper differentiation.


SPB5_HUMAN Serpin B5 (sprot)

A serpin B5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RPB9_HUMAN DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB9 (sprot)

A DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PEDF_HUMAN Pigment epithelium-derived factor (sprot)

A pigment epithelium-derived factor that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of epithelial cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time.


cellular response to cobalt ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cobalt ion stimulus.


SRBP1_HUMAN Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (sprot)

A sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


sterol response element binding

Binding to a sterol response element (SRE), a nonpalindromic sequence found in the promoters of genes involved in lipid metabolism.


regulation of lipid storage

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of lipid storage. Lipid storage is the accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of lipids, compounds soluble in organic solvents but insoluble or sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents. Lipid reserves can be accumulated during early developmental stages for mobilization and utilization at later stages of development.


regulation of fatty acid metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids.


ODO2_HUMAN Dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial (sprot)

A dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: succinyl-CoA + dihydrolipoamide = CoA + S-succinyldihydrolipoamide.


succinyl-CoA metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving succinyl-CoA, a compound composed of the monovalent acyl group 3-carboxypropanoyl, derived from succinic acid by loss of one OH group, linked to coenzyme A.


L-lysine catabolic process to acetyl-CoA via saccharopine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including acetyl-CoA, via the intermediate saccharopine.


GMPR1_HUMAN GMP reductase 1 (sprot)

A GMP reductase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GMP reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: IMP + NADP+ + NH4 = GMP + 2 H+ + NADPH.


purine nucleotide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.


GMP reductase complex

An oxidoreductase complex which is capable of GMP reductase activity. It catalyses the irreversible reaction: GMP + 2 H+ + NADPH => IMP + NADP+ + NH4.


GPX4_HUMAN Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (sprot)

A phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of ferroptosis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ferroptosis.


FHR2_HUMAN Complement factor H-related protein 2 (sprot)

A complement factor H-related protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ACVL1_HUMAN Serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor R3 (sprot)

A serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor R3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of endothelial cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell differentiation.


DHB3_HUMAN 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 (sprot)

A 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DHB2_HUMAN 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (sprot)

A 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)+ + 17-alpha,20-alpha-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one = NAD(P)H + H+ + 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone.


SCNNA_HUMAN Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit alpha (sprot)

An amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


ligand-gated sodium channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


sensory perception of salty taste

The series of events required to receive a salty taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


sensory perception of sour taste

The series of events required to receive a sour taste stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


sodium channel complex

An ion channel complex through which sodium ions pass.


SRP14_HUMAN Signal recognition particle 14 kDa protein (sprot)

A signal recognition particle 14 kDa protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


endoplasmic reticulum signal peptide binding

Binding to an endoplasmic reticulum signal peptide, a specific peptide sequence that acts as a signal to localize the protein within the endoplasmic reticulum.


SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane

The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane.


TGFR2_HUMAN TGF-beta receptor type-2 (sprot)

A TGF-beta receptor type-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


transforming growth factor beta receptor activity, type II

Combining with transforming growth factor beta to initiate a change in cell activity; upon ligand binding, binds to and catalyzes the phosphorylation of a type I TGF-beta receptor.


positive regulation of tolerance induction to self antigen

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction to self antigen.


positive regulation of B cell tolerance induction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell tolerance induction.


endocardial cushion fusion

The cell-cell adhesion process of mesenchymal cardiac cushion cells that contributes to the process of cushion shaping.


mammary gland morphogenesis

The process in which anatomical structures of the mammary gland are generated and organized. Morphogenesis refers to the creation of shape. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk.


inferior endocardial cushion morphogenesis

The developmental process by which an inferior endocardial cushion is generated and organized.


NUP62_HUMAN Nuclear pore glycoprotein p62 (sprot)

A nuclear pore glycoprotein p62 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of mitotic spindle organization

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the microtubule spindle during a mitotic cell cycle.


positive regulation of mitotic cytokinetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinetic process.


PPARG_HUMAN Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (sprot)

A peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of adiponectin secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of adiponectin from a cell.


negative regulation of connective tissue replacement involved in inflammatory response wound healing

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of wound healing connective tissue replacement, which may be replaced with fibrotic material, that occurs as part of an inflammatory response.


prostaglandin receptor activity

Combining with a prostaglandin (PG) to initiate a change in cell activity.


negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceride

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of sequestering of triglyceride. Triglyceride sequestration is the process of binding or confining any triester of glycerol such that it is separated from other components of a biological system.


regulation of cholesterol transporter activity

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cholesterol transporter activity.


negative regulation of extracellular matrix assembly

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extracellular matrix assembly.


HPCL1_HUMAN Hippocalcin-like protein 1 (sprot)

A hippocalcin-like protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FDFT_HUMAN Squalene synthase (sprot)

A squalene synthase that is encoded in the genome of human.


ZEB1_HUMAN Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (sprot)

A zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets.


PIGA_HUMAN Phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit A (sprot)

An N-acetylglucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


UDP-glycosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from a UDP-sugar to a small hydrophobic molecule.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + phosphatidylinositol = UDP + N-acetyl-D-glucosaminylphosphatidylinositol.


V1AR_HUMAN Vasopressin V1a receptor (sprot)

A vasopressin V1a receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


cellular response to water deprivation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of water.


TAGL2_HUMAN Transgelin-2 (sprot)

A transgelin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TALDO_HUMAN Transaldolase (sprot)

A transaldolase that is encoded in the genome of human.


transaldolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate = D-erythrose 4-phosphate + D-fructose 6-phosphate.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.


SYUA_HUMAN Alpha-synuclein (sprot)

An alpha-synuclein that is encoded in the genome of human.


neutral lipid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving neutral lipids, lipids only soluble in solvents of very low polarity.


regulation of phospholipase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipase activity, the hydrolysis of a phospholipid.


regulation of glutamate secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of glutamate.


negative regulation of monooxygenase activity

Any process that stops or reduces the activity of a monooxygenase.


positive regulation of SNARE complex assembly

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of assembly of the SNARE complex. The SNARE complex is a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers.


regulation of acyl-CoA biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acyl-CoA.


negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of dopamine into a presynaptic neuron or glial cell.


regulation of norepinephrine uptake

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine into a cell.


negative regulation of norepinephrine uptake

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of norepinephrine into a cell.


negative regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone.


positive regulation of glutathione peroxidase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutathione peroxidase activity.


positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process.


regulation of synaptic vesicle recycling

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle recycling.


ETFB_HUMAN Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit beta (sprot)

An electron transfer flavoprotein subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


RBMX_HUMAN RNA-binding motif protein, X chromosome (sprot)

An RNA-binding motif protein, X chromosome that is encoded in the genome of human.


supraspliceosomal complex

Multicomponent complex of RNA and proteins that is composed of four active spliceosomes, termed native spliceosomes, connected to each other by the pre-mRNA. The supraspliceosome is the nuclear machine where the pre-mRNA processing takes place, like the 5'-end capping, 3'-end cleavage, splicing and editing.


BRCA1_HUMAN Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein (sprot)

A breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


postreplication repair

The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication. Includes pathways that remove replication-blocking lesions in conjunction with DNA replication.


random inactivation of X chromosome

Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes on either the paternal or maternal X-chromosome in the XX sex.


nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex

A ubiquitin ligase complex found in the nucleus.


BRCA1-BARD1 complex

A heterodimeric complex comprising BRCA1 and BARD1, which possesses ubiquitin ligase activity and is involved in genome maintenance, possibly by functioning in surveillance for DNA damage.


BRCA1-A complex

A protein complex that contains the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer, RAP80/UIMC1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BRE/BRCC45, FAM175A/CCDC98/Abraxas and MERIT40/NBA1, and specifically recognizes and binds K63-linked polyubiquitin chains present on histone H2A and H2AX at DNA damage sites.


BRCA1-B complex

A protein complex that contains the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer, BACH1 and TopBP1, and binds to DNA during S phase at DNA damage sites.


gamma-tubulin ring complex

A complex of gamma tubulin and associated proteins thought to be formed by multimerization of gamma-tubulin small complexes. An example of this structure is found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.


GNAL_HUMAN Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha (sprot)

A guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


COIL_HUMAN Coilin (sprot)

A coilin that is encoded in the genome of human.


VKGC_HUMAN Vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylase (sprot)

A vitamin K-dependent gamma-carboxylase that is encoded in the genome of human.


gamma-glutamyl carboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-glutamate + reduced vitamin K + CO2 + O2 = peptidyl-gamma-carboxyglutamate + vitamin K epoxide.


INGR2_HUMAN Interferon gamma receptor 2 (sprot)

An interferon-gamma receptor beta chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


HYALP_HUMAN Hyaluronidase PH-20 (sprot)

A hyaluronidase PH-20 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ITAE_HUMAN Integrin alpha-E (sprot)

An integrin alpha-E that is encoded in the genome of human.


LICH_HUMAN Lysosomal acid lipase/cholesteryl ester hydrolase (sprot)

A lysosomal acid lipase/cholesteryl ester hydrolase that is encoded in the genome of human.


fat cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of fat cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A fat cell is an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat.


liver morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the liver are generated and organized.


cellular lipid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids, as carried out by individual cells.


lipid import into cell

The directed movement of a lipid from outside of a cell into a cell. This may occur via transport across the plasma membrane or via endocytosis.


multicellular organismal-level chemical homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of a chemical within extracellular body fluids, such as blood, xylem or phloem, of a multicellular organism. This is distinct from maintenance of cellular homeostasis, which occurs within a cell.


response to rapamycin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a rapamycin stimulus.


VATA_HUMAN V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A (sprot)

A V-type proton ATPase catalytic subunit A that is encoded in the genome of human.


GRP75_HUMAN Stress-70 protein, mitochondrial (sprot)

A stress-70 protein, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of hemopoiesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hemopoiesis.


IF4A3_HUMAN Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-III (sprot)

A eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-III that is encoded in the genome of human.


selenocysteine insertion sequence binding

Binding to a selenocysteine insertion sequence (SECIS), a regulatory sequence within mRNA which directs incorporation of a selenocysteine at a stop codon (UGA) during translation.


cellular response to selenite ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a selenite ion stimulus.


negative regulation of selenocysteine incorporation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of selenocysteine incorporation.


SMBP2_HUMAN DNA-binding protein SMUBP-2 (sprot)

A DNA-binding protein SMUBP-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


5'-3' RNA helicase activity

Unwinding of an RNA helix in the 5' to 3' direction, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


double-stranded DNA helicase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, in the presence of double-stranded DNA; drives the unwinding of a DNA helix.


CDN1A_HUMAN Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (sprot)

A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cyclin-dependent protein kinase activating kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein; increases the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK).


stress-induced premature senescence

A cellular senescence process associated with the dismantling of a cell as a response to environmental factors such as hydrogen peroxide or X-rays.


negative regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity.


negative regulation of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration.


RS19_HUMAN Small ribosomal subunit protein eS19 (sprot)

A 40S ribosomal protein S19 that is encoded in the genome of human.


nucleolus organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nucleolus.


response to extracellular stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an extracellular stimulus.


RL3_HUMAN Large ribosomal subunit protein uL3 (sprot)

A 60S ribosomal protein L3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


COFA1_HUMAN Collagen alpha-1(XV) chain (sprot)

A collagen alpha-1(XV) chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


collagen type XV trimer

A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XV) chains; a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan often found in specialized basement membranes where it bridges between fibrils.


COIA1_HUMAN Collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain (sprot)

A collagen alpha-1(XVIII) chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


GRIK1_HUMAN Glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 1 (sprot)

A glutamate receptor ionotropic, kainate 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


kainate selective glutamate receptor activity

An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate, acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium and potassium, and for which kainate is an agonist.


MPV17_HUMAN Protein Mpv17 (sprot)

A protein Mpv17 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of mitochondrial DNA metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial DNA metabolic process.


OST48_HUMAN Dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase 48 kDa subunit (sprot)

A dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide--protein glycosyltransferase 48 kDa subunit that is encoded in the genome of human.


AN32A_HUMAN Acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member A (sprot)

An acidic leucine-rich nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family member A that is encoded in the genome of human.


FEN1_HUMAN Flap endonuclease 1 (sprot)

A flap endonuclease 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


5'-flap endonuclease activity

Catalysis of the cleavage of a 5' flap structure in DNA, but not other DNA structures; processes the 5' ends of Okazaki fragments in lagging strand DNA synthesis.


flap endonuclease activity

Catalysis of the cleavage of a flap structure in DNA, but not other DNA structures; processes the ends of Okazaki fragments in lagging strand DNA synthesis.


telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication

The process in which telomeric DNA is synthesized semi-conservatively by the conventional replication machinery and telomeric accessory factors as part of cell cycle DNA replication.


DNA replication, removal of RNA primer

Removal of the Okazaki RNA primer from the lagging strand of replicating DNA, by a combination of the actions of DNA polymerase, DNA helicase and an endonuclease.


PA2G5_HUMAN Phospholipase A2 group V (sprot)

A phospholipase A2 group V that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of immune complex clearance by monocytes and macrophages

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the process of immune complex clearance by monocytes or macrophages.


positive regulation of phagosome maturation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phagosome maturation.


CUX1_HUMAN Homeobox protein cut-like 1 (sprot)

A CUX1 gene translation product (human), isoforms h1, h2, h3, h5, h6, h7, and h11.


MMP12_HUMAN Macrophage metalloelastase (sprot)

A macrophage metalloelastase that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of endothelial cell-matrix adhesion via fibronectin

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell-matrix adhesion via fibronectin.


GDNF_HUMAN Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (sprot)

A glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor that is encoded in the genome of human.


chemoattractant activity involved in axon guidance

Any chemoattractant activity that is involved in axon guidance.


postganglionic parasympathetic fiber development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the postganglionic portion of the parasympathetic fiber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The parasympathetic fiber is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia.


chemoattraction of axon

The process in which a neuron growth cone is directed to a specific target site in response to an attractive chemical signal.


CAPG_HUMAN Macrophage-capping protein (sprot)

A macrophage-capping protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


CAP2_HUMAN Adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 2 (sprot)

An adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


presynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins in the presynaptic actin cytoskeleton.


TYRP2_HUMAN L-dopachrome tautomerase (sprot)

An L-dopachrome tautomerase that is encoded in the genome of human.


ADCY8_HUMAN Adenylate cyclase type 8 (sprot)

An adenylate cyclase type 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


calcium- and calmodulin-responsive adenylate cyclase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP = 3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate, stimulated by calcium-bound calmodulin.


glucose mediated signaling pathway

The process in which a change in the level of mono- and disaccharide glucose trigger the expression of genes controlling metabolic and developmental processes.


activation of protein kinase A activity

Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase A.


IL6RB_HUMAN Interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta (sprot)

An interleukin-6 receptor subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


leukemia inhibitory factor receptor activity

Combining with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


oncostatin-M receptor activity

Combining with oncostatin-M and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


interleukin-11 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-11 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


interleukin-11 binding

Binding to interleukin-11.


interleukin-27 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-27 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


positive regulation of adaptive immune response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response.


oncostatin-M receptor complex

A heterodimeric receptor for the cytokine oncostatin-M (OSM). In humans the receptor complex is made up of the gene products gp130 and OSMR-beta.


GPV_HUMAN Platelet glycoprotein V (sprot)

A platelet glycoprotein V that is encoded in the genome of human.


CEAM3_HUMAN Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 3 (sprot)

A carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CEAM6_HUMAN Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (sprot)

A carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TACT_HUMAN T-cell surface protein tactile (sprot)

A T-cell surface protein tactile that is encoded in the genome of human.


NCYM_HUMAN N-cym protein (sprot)

An N-cym protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


TXLNA_HUMAN Alpha-taxilin (sprot)

An alpha-taxilin that is encoded in the genome of human.


TPO_HUMAN Thrombopoietin (sprot)

A thrombopoietin that is encoded in the genome of human.


The series of molecular signals initiated by thrombopoietin binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


TCPZ_HUMAN T-complex protein 1 subunit zeta (sprot)

A T-complex protein 1 subunit zeta that is encoded in the genome of human.


WD40-repeat domain binding

Binding to a WD40 repeat domain of a protein. The WD40 repeat is a short structural motif of approximately 40 amino acids, often terminating in a tryptophan-aspartic acid (W-D) dipeptide. Several of these repeats are combined to form a type of protein domain called the WD domain.


TPOR_HUMAN Thrombopoietin receptor (sprot)

A thrombopoietin receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


thrombopoietin receptor activity

Combining with the glycoprotein thrombopoietin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


positive regulation of platelet formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of platelet formation.


basophil homeostasis

The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of basophils such that the total number of basophils within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus.


CD79B_HUMAN B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain (sprot)

A B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein beta chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


NNMT_HUMAN Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (sprot)

A nicotinamide N-methyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + nicotinamide = 1-methylnicotinamide + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


pyridine N-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + pyridine = N-methylpyridinium + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


nicotinamide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide, pyridine-3-carboxamide, the amide of nicotinic acid. It is a member of the B complex of vitamins and occurs widely in living organisms.


NAD biosynthesis via nicotinamide riboside salvage pathway

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from the vitamin precursor nicotinamide riboside.


IFI27_HUMAN Interferon alpha-inducible protein 27, mitochondrial (sprot)

An interferon alpha-inducible protein 27 that is encoded in the genome of human.


modulation by host of viral genome replication

A process in which a host organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.


PSB10_HUMAN Proteasome subunit beta type-10 (sprot)

A proteasome subunit beta type-10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CTRL_HUMAN Chymotrypsin-like protease CTRL-1 (sprot)

A chymotrypsin-like protease CTRL-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


VHL_HUMAN von Hippel-Lindau disease tumor suppressor (sprot)

A von Hippel-Lindau disease tumor suppressor that is encoded in the genome of human.


ADH7_HUMAN All-trans-retinol dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] ADH7 (sprot)

An all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] ADH7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


aldehyde oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an aldehyde + H2O + O2 = a carboxylic acid + hydrogen peroxide.


ethanol binding

Binding to ethanol, CH(3)-CH(2)-OH.


Catalysis of the reaction: 10-hydroxydecanoate + NAD+ = 10-oxodecanoate + H+ + NADH.


PBX1_HUMAN Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (sprot)

A pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PBX2_HUMAN Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 2 (sprot)

A pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PBX3_HUMAN Pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 3 (sprot)

A pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


anterior compartment pattern formation

The process giving rise to specification of cell identity in the anterior compartments of the segmented embryo.


posterior compartment specification

The process involved in the specification of cell identity in the posterior compartments of the segmented embryo.


RL13A_HUMAN Large ribosomal subunit protein uL13 (sprot)

A 60S ribosomal protein L13a that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of formation of translation preinitiation complex

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of formation of translation preinitiation complex.


ARL1_HUMAN ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 1 (sprot)

An ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


toxin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a toxin, a poisonous compound (typically a protein) that is produced by cells or organisms and that can cause disease when introduced into the body or tissues of an organism.


ARL4A_HUMAN ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 4A (sprot)

An ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 4A that is encoded in the genome of human.


MLH1_HUMAN DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh1 (sprot)

A DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MutSalpha complex binding

Binding to a MutSalpha mismatch repair complex.


meiotic metaphase I homologous chromosome alignment

A cell cycle process whereby homlogous chromosomes are positioned in a specific order and orientation at the metaphase plate (spindle equator) by the spindle machinery and centromere/kinetochore arrangement during meiosis I chromosome segregation. This alignment ensures that each daughter cell will receive the correct number of chromosomes during cell division.


meiotic telomere clustering

The cell cycle process in which the dynamic reorganization of telomeres occurs in early meiotic prophase, during which meiotic chromosome ends are gathered in a bouquet arrangement at the inner surface of the nuclear envelope proximal to the spindle pole body. This plays an important role in progression through meiosis and precedes synapsis.


negative regulation of mitotic recombination

Any process that inhibits or decreases the rate of DNA recombination during mitosis.


meiotic spindle midzone assembly

The formation of the spindle midzone, the area in the center of the spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap, as a part of the process of meiosis.


chiasma

A connection formed between chromatids, visible during meiosis, thought to be the point of the interchange involved in crossing-over.


late recombination nodule

An electron dense structure that is associated with meiotic chromosomes in pachytene during meiosis I.


STAT3_HUMAN Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (sprot)

A signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RNA sequestering activity

Binding to a specific RNA molecule to prevent it from interacting with other partners or to inhibit its localization to the area of the cell or complex where it is active.


eye photoreceptor cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a photoreceptor cell, as found in the eye, the primary visual organ of most organisms.


UBP8_HUMAN Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 8 (sprot)

A ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lysosomal protein catabolic process.


PEX19_HUMAN Peroxisomal biogenesis factor 19 (sprot)

A peroxisomal biogenesis factor 19 that is encoded in the genome of human.


peroxisome membrane class-1 targeting sequence binding

Binding to a class I peroxisomal membrane targeting sequence, any of several sequences of amino acids within a protein that can act as a signal for the localization of the protein into the peroxisome membrane in a PEX19-dependent manner.


protein import into peroxisome membrane

The targeting of proteins into the peroxisomal membrane. The process is not well understood, but both signals and mechanism differ from those involved in peroxisomal matrix protein import.


establishment of protein localization to peroxisome

The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in a peroxisome.


negative regulation of lipid binding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lipid binding.


S26A3_HUMAN Chloride anion exchanger (sprot)

A chloride anion exchanger that is encoded in the genome of human.


MDHC_HUMAN Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic (sprot)

A malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic that is encoded in the genome of human.


diiodophenylpyruvate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate + NAD+ = 3-(3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + H+ + NADH.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate + NAD+ = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + NADH.


MDHM_HUMAN Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial (sprot)

A malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


malate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + NADP+ = oxaloacetate + NADPH + H+.


IL15_HUMAN Interleukin-15 (sprot)

An interleukin-15 that is encoded in the genome of human.


natural killer cell proliferation

The expansion of a natural killer cell population by cell division.


NK T cell proliferation

The expansion of a NK T cell population by cell division.


extrathymic T cell selection

The process of T cell selection that occurs in extrathymic locations, often resulting T cells of distinct specificities from those selected in the thymus.


positive regulation of protein O-linked glycosylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein O-linked glycosylation.


RFC5_HUMAN Replication factor C subunit 5 (sprot)

A replication factor C subunit 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RFC3_HUMAN Replication factor C subunit 3 (sprot)

A replication factor C subunit 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ECHA_HUMAN Trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial (sprot)

A trifunctional enzyme subunit alpha, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA + NAD+ = 3-oxoacyl-CoA + NADH + H+.


PMEL_HUMAN Melanocyte protein PMEL (sprot)

A melanocyte protein Pmel 17 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CCNF_HUMAN Cyclin-F (sprot)

A cyclin-F that is encoded in the genome of human.


anaphase-promoting complex binding

Binding to an anaphase-promoting complex. A ubiquitin ligase complex that degrades mitotic cyclins and anaphase inhibitory protein, thereby triggering sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis.


SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, with ubiquitin-protein ligation catalyzed by an SCF (Skp1/Cul1/F-box protein) complex, and mediated by the proteasome.


IF2G_HUMAN Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 3 (sprot)

A eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 3, X-linked that is encoded in the genome of human.


ID1_HUMAN DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID-1 (sprot)

A DNA-binding protein inhibitor ID-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of transcription by transcription factor localization

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent transcription using a mechanism that involves the localization of a transcription factor.


OPRD_HUMAN Delta-type opioid receptor (sprot)

A delta-type opioid receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


G protein-coupled opioid receptor activity

Combining with an opioid (any narcotic derived from or resembling opium), and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein.


G protein-coupled enkephalin receptor activity

Combining with an enkephalin, and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein. A enkephalin is a pentapeptide (Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met or Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu) involved in regulating nociception in the body.


spine apparatus

A specialization of the endomembrane system found in some classes of dendritic spines consisting of two or more closely apposed lamellae with interspersed electron dense material. The endomembrane component is continuous with the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.


OPRK_HUMAN Kappa-type opioid receptor (sprot)

A kappa-type opioid receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


dynorphin receptor activity

Combining with a dynorphin peptide, and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein. Dynorphin is any opioid peptide that is generated by cleavage of the precursor protein prodynorphin.


adenylate cyclase-inhibiting opioid receptor signaling pathway

An adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by an opioid binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


sensory perception of temperature stimulus

The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory temperature stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


positive regulation of eating behavior

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of eating behavior.


conditioned place preference

The associative learning process by which an animal learns and remembers an association between a neutral, unchanging environment and a putatively rewarding, internal state produced by a xenobiotic or drug.


OPRX_HUMAN Nociceptin receptor (sprot)

A nociceptin receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


nociceptin receptor activity

Combining with the peptide nociceptin, and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein.


regulation of locomotor rhythm

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of locomotor rhythm.


LEP_HUMAN Leptin (sprot)

A leptin that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of appetite

Any process that reduces appetite.


regulation of natural killer cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell proliferation.


positive regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of luteinizing hormone.


negative regulation of appetite by leptin-mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by leptin binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, which reduces appetite, the desire or physical craving for food.


elastin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving elastin, a glycoprotein which is randomly coiled and crosslinked to form elastic fibers that are found in connective tissue.


regulation of lipoprotein lipid oxidation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of lipoprotein lipid oxidation. Lipoprotein lipid oxidation is the modification of a lipoprotein by oxidation of the lipid group.


negative regulation of glucagon secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of glucagon.


cellular response to L-ascorbic acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) stimulus.


regulation of brown fat cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of brown fat cell differentiation. Brown fat cell differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a brown adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in adaptive thermogenesis. Brown adipocytes contain multiple small droplets of triglycerides and a high number of mitochondria.


bone growth

The increase in size or mass of a bone that contributes to the shaping of that bone.


positive regulation of fat cell apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fat cell apoptotic process.


negative regulation of glutamine transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamine transport.


ETV5_HUMAN ETS translocation variant 5 (sprot)

An ETS translocation variant 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


male germ-line stem cell asymmetric division

The self-renewing division of a germline stem cell in the male gonad, to produce a daughter stem cell and a daughter germ cell, which will divide to form the male gametes.


ETV3_HUMAN ETS translocation variant 3 (sprot)

An ETS translocation variant 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding

Binding to a DEAD/H-box RNA helicase.


CASR_HUMAN Extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (sprot)

An extracellular calcium-sensing receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


AQP2_HUMAN Aquaporin-2 (sprot)

An aquaporin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


lumenal side of membrane

Any side (leaflet) of a membrane that faces the lumen of an organelle.


BCL6_HUMAN B-cell lymphoma 6 protein (sprot)

A B-cell lymphoma 6 protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


intronic transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to an intronic DNA sequence that regulates the transcription of the transcript it is contained within.


negative regulation of mast cell cytokine production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell cytokine production.


regulation of memory T cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of memory T cell differentiation.


isotype switching to IgE isotypes

The switching of activated B cells from IgM biosynthesis to IgE biosynthesis, accomplished through a recombination process involving an intrachromosomal deletion between switch regions that reside 5' of the IgM and IgE constant region gene segments in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus.


negative regulation of isotype switching to IgE isotypes

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgE isotypes.


negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication.


CETN2_HUMAN Centrin-2 (sprot)

A centrin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


XPC complex

A nucleotide-excision repair complex that is involved in damage sensing during global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER). It is part of the pre-incision (or initial recognition) complex bound to sites of DNA damage. In human, it is composed of XPC, RAD23B and CETN2.


ETV6_HUMAN Transcription factor ETV6 (sprot)

A transcription factor ETV6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


EIF2D_HUMAN Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2D (sprot)

A ligatin that is encoded in the genome of human.


OX2G_HUMAN OX-2 membrane glycoprotein (sprot)

An OX-2 membrane glycoprotein that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein binding involved in heterotypic cell-cell adhesion

Binding to a protein or protein complex contributing to the adhesion of two different types of cells.


glycosylated region protein binding

Binding to a glycosylated region of a protein.


negative regulation of leukocyte activation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte activation.


positive regulation of arginase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of arginase activity.


positive regulation of protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase activity.


negative regulation of matrix metallopeptidase secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of matrix metallopeptidase secretion.


MNDA_HUMAN Myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (sprot)

A myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen that is encoded in the genome of human.


PERI_HUMAN Peripherin (sprot)

A peripherin that is encoded in the genome of human.


RGS2_HUMAN Regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (sprot)

A regulator of G-protein signaling 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of phospholipase activity

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipase activity, the hydrolysis of a phospholipid.


regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway activity. An adrenergic receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adrenergic receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


negative regulation of glycine import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glycine import into a cell.


WNT5A_HUMAN Protein Wnt-5a (sprot)

A protein Wnt-5a that is encoded in the genome of human.


receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor binding

Binding to a receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor (Ror).


optic cup formation involved in camera-type eye development

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the optic cup, a two-walled vesicle formed from the optic vesicle.


olfactory bulb interneuron development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an interneuron residing in the olfactory bulb, from its initial commitment, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


chemoattraction of serotonergic neuron axon

The process in which a serotonergic neuron growth cone is directed to a specific target site in response to an attractive chemical signal.


negative regulation of melanin biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of melanin.


genitalia development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the genitalia over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


convergent extension involved in organogenesis

The morphogenetic process in which an epithelium narrows along one axis and lengthens in a perpendicular axis contribution to the shaping of an organ.


cervix development

The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cervix over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


regulation of branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis.


planar cell polarity pathway involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity that contributes to the shaping of the outflow tract.


planar cell polarity pathway involved in ventricular septum morphogenesis

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity that contributes to the shaping of the ventricular septum.