maintenance of left/right asymmetry

The organization process that preserves the asymmetry in an organism's body plan or part of an organism with respect to the left and right halves.


regulation of R8 cell spacing in compound eye

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that ensures that the R8 cells are selected in a precise progressive pattern so that they are evenly spaced throughout the eye disc.


generative cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a generative cell. The generative cell gives rise to the sperm cells in the male gametophyte.


ARF protein signal transduction

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals within the cell that are mediated by a member of the ARF family of proteins switching to a GTP-bound active state.


frontonasal suture morphogenesis

The process in which the frontonasal suture, between frontal and nasal bones, is generated and organized.


biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + isovaleryl-CoA + 3 malonyl-CoA = 6-(4-methyl-2-oxopentyl)-4-hydroxy-2-pyrone + 4 coenzyme A + 3 carbon dioxide.


substrate-dependent cell migration, cell contraction

The translocation of the cell body forward during cell migration, mediated by tractional force on its substrate and tension in the cortical cytoskeleton. Adhesions transmit propulsive forces and serve as traction points over which the cell moves.


negative regulation of myofibroblast cell apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myofibroblast cell apoptotic process.


glutathione derivative metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutathione derivative.


benzoic acid glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzoic acid + UDP-glucose = benzoic acid glucose ester + UDP.


peptidoglycan muralytic activity

A catalytic activity that contributes to the degradation of peptidoglycan.


protein O-linked glycosylation via tyrosine

The glycosylation of protein via the O4' atom of peptidyl-tyrosine, O4'-glycosyl-L-tyrosine; the carbohydrate is glucose, the origin for glycogen.


histone H4-K12 deacetylation

The modification of histone H4 by the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 12 of the histone.


regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in mammary gland bud elongation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mammary gland bud epithelial cell proliferation that results in the elongation of the bud.


envenomation resulting in negative regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant negative regulation of complement activation via the lectin pathway in the bitten/stung organism.


positive regulation of brassinosteroid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of brassinosteroid mediated signaling pathway.


heptadecane metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving heptadecane.


complement component iC3b receptor activity

Combining with the iC3b product of the complement cascade and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


ergot alkaloid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving an ergot alkaloid, an indole alkaloid.


trans-synaptic signaling by carbon monoxide, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of carbon monoxide molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse.


emericellamide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving emericellamide.


negative regulation of L-methionine import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of L-methionine import across plasma membrane.


formate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of formate, also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.


modulation of glucagon-like peptide receptor 1 activity in another organism

The process in which an organism effects a change in the activity of a glucagon-like peptide receptor 1 in a second organism.


envenomation resulting in positive regulation of voltage-gated sodium channel activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant activation or increase in the activity of the activity of a voltage-gated sodium channel in the bitten organism.


ABC-type choline transporter activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of choline across a membrane.


epithelial cell migration involved in mesonephric nephron tubule morphogenesis

The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to mesonephric nephron tubule morphogenesis.


xanthophyll binding

Binding to xanthophylls, any of several neutral yellow to orange carotenoid pigments containing oxygen.


codeine O-demethylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: codeine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 <=> morphine + formaldehyde + succinate + carbon dioxide.


lycopene beta cyclase activity

Catalysis of the cyclization of beta rings at one or both ends of the lycopene molecule (psi, psi-carotene) to form gamma-carotene or the bicyclic beta-carotene (beta, beta-carotene), respectively.


axial mesodermal cell fate commitment

The process in which a cell becomes committed to become an axial mesoderm cell.


citrullinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + citrulline = NH3 + CO2 + L-ornithine.


removal of nonhomologous ends

The removal of nonhomologous sequences at the broken 3' single-strand DNA end before DNA repair synthesis can occur.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, nitrogenous group as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a nitrogenous group.


ethylbenzene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethylbenzene (phenylethane), a benzene derivative with an ethyl group attached to the ring. It is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor used as a solvent and as a component of automotive and aviation fuels.


undecaprenyl-phosphate 4-deoxy-4-formamido-L-arabinose transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinopyranose + ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate = UDP + 4-deoxy-4-formamido-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate.


slime layer polysaccharide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides in the slime layer, a diffused layer of polysaccharide exterior to the bacterial cell wall.


fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in ureteric bud formation

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands that contributes to the formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct.


nickel-tetrapyrrole coenzyme metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving an enzyme cofactor consisting of a tetrapyrrole structure containing nickel, such as the F-430 cofactor found in methyl-coenzyme M reductase.


protein localization to cleavage furrow

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a cleavage furrow.


intramembranous bone morphogenesis

The developmental process by which an intramembranous bone is generated and organized.


polynucleotide 3' dephosphorylation

The process of removing one or more phosphate groups from the 3' end of a polynucleotide.


8-demethylnovobiocate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-amino-4,7-dihydroxycoumarin + 3-dimethylallyl-4-hydroxybenzoate + ATP(4-) <=> H+ + 8-desmethylnovobiocic acid(1-) + AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid.


snoRNA release from pre-rRNA

The release of snoRNA from pre-rRNA.


tensidol A catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tensidol A.


asparagine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of asparagine, 2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid.


starch synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-glucose + (1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) = ADP + (1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl(n+1).


thiazole biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a thiazole, a five-membered heterocyclic ring structure containing a sulfur in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position.


Golgi membrane priming complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a membrane priming complex. An incoming coat component recognizes both GTPase and a membrane protein to form the priming complex.


ethylbenzene dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ethylbenzene + O2 + NADH + H+ = NAD+ + cis-2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydroethylbenzene.


histone H2BS14 kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: histone H2B-serine (position 14) + ATP = histone H2B-phosphoserine (position 14) + ADP. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to the serine residue at position 14 of histone H2B.


response to bismuth

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bismuth (Bi) stimulus.


suppression by virus of host viral-induced cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of host MDA-5 activity

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces a host viral-induced cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway by inhibiting the activity of MDA-5 (also known as IFIH1). The cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor MDA-5 detects dsRNA synthesized during active viral replication and triggers a signaling pathway to protect the host against viral infection, for example by inducing the expression of antiviral cytokines.


beta-L-arabinofuranosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: beta-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->2)-beta-L-arabinofuranose + H2O = 2 beta-L-arabinofuranose.


purine alkaloid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine alkaloids, compounds derived from purine and composed of an N-containing double ring structure.


regulation of exit from meiosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exit from mitosis.


conus arteriosus formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the conus arteriosus from unspecified parts. The conus arteriosus is a valved chamber with thick muscular walls stemming from the ventricle and connecting to the pulmonary trunk.


cell chemotaxis to angiotensin

The directed movement of a motile cell in response to the presence of angiotensin.


geraniol kinase activity (ATP-dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geraniol + ATP = geranyl monophosphate + ADP + H+.


negative regulation of interphase mitotic telomere clustering

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic telomere clustering during interphase.


baroreceptor response to decreased systemic arterial blood pressure

The lowering of the number of nerve impulses from baroreceptors as a result of decreased stretch of an artery that results in an increased in sympathetic nerve impulses to peripheral blood vessels.


trehalose 6-phosphate phosphorylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trehalose 6-phosphate + phosphate = glucose 6-phosphate + beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate.


negative regulation of heat dissipation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of heat dissipation.


cardiac fibroblast cell fate commitment

The commitment of cells to a cardiac fibroblast fate and their capacity to differentiate into cardiac fibroblast cells. A cardiac fibroblast is a connective tissue cell in the heart which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.


epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in coronary vasculature morphogenesis

A transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell that will contribute to the shaping of the coronary vasculature.


conidium development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of conidium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Conidia are non-motile spores produced via mitotic asexual reproduction in higher fungi; they are haploid cells genetically identical to their haploid parent. They are produced by conversion of hyphal elements, or are borne on sporogenous cells on or within specialized structures termed conidiophores, and participate in dispersal of the fungus.


luteolin C-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-7-olate luteolin-7-olate + a glucosylated glucose acceptor = isoorientin + a non glucosylated glucose acceptor.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) + 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin <=> UDP(3-) + 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-daphnetin + H+.


male anatomical structure morphogenesis

The processes by which anatomical structures that are only present in the male organism are generated and organized.


suppression by symbiont of host cytokine production

Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of cytokine production by the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3-demethylubiquinol-8 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ubiquinol-8.


suppression by virus of host toll-like receptor signaling pathway

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling in the host organism.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane, a halogenated organic insecticide that has been used worldwide for agriculture and public health.


mesenchymal stem cell differentiation involved in mesonephric nephron morphogenesis

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal stem cell that contributes to the shaping of a nephronin the mesonephros. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells.


regulation of cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition, a transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.


mesonephric capsule formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a mesonephric capsule from unspecified parts. The mesonephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the mesonephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage.


post-embryonic ectodermal digestive tract morphogenesis

The process, occurring during the post-embryonic phase, by which the anatomical structures of the ectodermal gut are generated and organized.


pharyngeal gland morphogenesis

The developmental process by which a pharyngeal gland is generated and organized.


xanthommatin reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5,12-dihydroxanthommatin + NAD+ = H+ + NADH + xanthommatin.


isopiperitenol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (1S,6R)-isopiperitenol + NAD+ = (6R)-isoperitenone + H+ + NADH.


regulation of sterol transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sterols into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


photoprotection

Protection mechanism used by plants and cyanobacteria under conditions of excess energy absorption as a consequence of the light reactions of photosynthesis.


response to host oxygen tension environment

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of the symbiont or its cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting oxygen tension in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: alizarin + UDP-D-glucose = 1-hydroxy-2-(beta-D-glucosyloxy)-9,10-anthraquinone + H+ + UDP.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate = glycerone phosphate + (S)-lactaldehyde.


response to mitotic cell cycle spindle orientation checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic cell cycle spindle orientation checkpoint signaling.


peptidyl-valine modification

The modification of peptidyl-valine.


peptidyl-glutaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-N-peptidyl-L-glutamine + H2O = alpha-N-peptidyl-L-glutamate + NH3.


Catalysis of the reaction: histamine + L-glutamate + ATP = N(alpha)-gamma-L-glutamylhistamine + products of ATP breakdown.


2-ketobutyrate formate-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxobutanoate + coenzyme A = propionyl-CoA + formate.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate + methylammonium = N-methyl-L-glutamate + NH4.


detection of organic substance

The series of events in which an organic substance stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-6a-hydroxymaackiain + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> H+ + (+)-pisatin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


metarhodopsin inactivation

The process in which metarhodopsin is prevented from generating molecular signals. Activated rhodopsin (R*) is inactivated by a two-step process: first, R* is phosphorylated by rhodopsin kinase which lowers the activity of R*. Second, the protein arrestin binds to phosphorylated R* to de-activate it.


modulation by virus of host transcription

Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of its host's transcription.


Catalysis of the reaction: deisopropylhydroxyatrazine + H2O = NH3 + 2,4-dihydroxy-6-(N'-ethyl)amino-1,3,5-triazine.


carbazole 1,9a-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: carbazole + NADH + O2 + H+ = NAD+ + 2'-aminobiphenyl-2,3-diol.


Catalysis of the reaction: a long-chain alcohol + 2 NAD+ + H2O = a long-chain carboxylate + 2 NADH.


regulation of macrophage apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage apoptotic process.


choline monooxygenase activity (NADP-dependent)

Catalysis of the reaction: choline + NADP = betaine aldehyde + NADPH + H+.


chlorophyll a catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of chlorophyll a.


baroreceptor detection of decreased arterial stretch

The series of events by which a decrease in diameter of an artery is detected and converted to a molecular signal.


anaerobic rhamnose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose, that occurs in the absence of oxygen.


(+)-menthofuran synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-pulegone + H+ + NADPH + O2 = (R)-menthofuran + 2 H2O + NADP+.


ectoine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid), a tetrahydropyrimidine commonly synthesized by halophilic bacteria.


trichome branching

Any process involved in the formation of branches in plant hair cells. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.


hercynylcysteine sulfoxide lyase activity (ergothioneine-forming)

Catalysis of the reaction: hercynylcysteine sulfoxide + 2H+ = ergothioneine + pyruvate + ammonium.


neuromelanin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of neuromelanin. Neuromelanin is a polymer of 5,6-dihydroxyindole monomers.


suppression by virus of host viral-induced cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of TBK1 activity

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces a viral-induced cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway in a host organism by reducing the activity of a host serine/threonine kinase TBK1.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.


head segmentation

Partitioning the insect head anlage into a fixed number of segmental units. The number of segments composing the insect head has long been a subject of debate, but it is generally agreed that there are 6 or 7 segments. From anterior to posterior the head segments are the procephalic segments (labral, (ocular), antennal and intercalary) and the gnathal segments (mandibular, maxillary and labial).


response to glycoprotein

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glycoprotein stimulus.


protein-phycocyanobilin linkage

The linkage of the chromophore phycocyanobilin to phycocyanin or allophycocyanin.


galacturonan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving galacturonan, a pectin polymer containing a backbone of alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues.


Catalysis of the reaction: neo-lambda-carrahexaose + H2O <=> neo-lambda-carratetraose + neo-lambda-carrabiose.


response to erythropoietin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an erythropoietin stimulus. Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that controls erythropoiesis.


(+)-camphor catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (+)-camphor, a bicyclic monoterpene ketone.


1,4-dichlorobenzene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,4-dichlorobenzene (p-dichlorobenzene or paramoth), a derivative of benzene with two chlorine atoms attached at opposite positions on the ring. It forms white crystals at room temperature and is used as an insecticidal fumigant, particularly in mothballs.


cellular response to farnesol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a farnesol stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3-demethylubiquinol-6 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + ubiquinol-6.


negative regulation of nitrogen utilization

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nitrogen utilization.


response to chemical

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus.


plasma membrane electron transport, NADH to quinone

The transfer of electrons from NADH to the quinone pool that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation and results in the generation of a proton gradient, mediated by the enzyme known as NADH-quinone oxidoreductase.


emericellamide A biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of emericellamide A.


RNA folding chaperone

Binding to an RNA or an RNA-containing complex to assist the folding process.


naphthalene 1,2-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: naphthalene + NADH + H+ + O2 = (1R,2S)-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol + NAD+.


canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of cardiac outflow tract cell proliferation

The canonical Wnt signaling pathway that contributes to the modulation of the expansion of a population of cardiac outflow tract cells.


RNA pseudouridylation guide activity

Specifies the site of pseudouridylation in an RNA molecule by base pairing with a short sequence around the target residue.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-ketocyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA + H2O = pimeloyl-CoA.


4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine phosphate synthase activity from histidine and PLP

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 Fe(3+) + 4 H2O + L-histidyl-[4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine phosphate synthase] + N(6)-(pyridoxal phosphate)-L-lysyl-[4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine phosphate synthase] = (2S)-2-amino-5-hydroxy-4-oxopentanoyl-[4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine phosphate synthase] + 3-oxopropanoate + 4-amino-2-methyl-5-(phosphooxymethyl)pyrimidine + 2 Fe(2+) + 2 H+ + L-lysyl-[4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine phosphate synthase].


aerobactin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aerobactin (C22H36N4O13), a hydroxamate iron transport compound. It is a conjugate of 6-(N-acetyl-N-hydroxylamine)-2-aminohexanoic acid and citric acid.


indole glucosinolate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of indole glucosinolates, sulfur-containing compounds that have a common structure linked to an R group derived from tryptophan.


polyol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a polyol, any alcohol containing three or more hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1-dichloro-2-(dihydroxy-4'-chorophenyl)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethene + O2 = 6-oxo-2-hydroxy-7-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,8,8-trichloroocta-2E,4E,7-trienoate.


high-affinity glucose transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of glucose from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


response to vanadate(3-)

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vanadate(3-) stimulus.


isopeptide cross-linking via N-(L-isoglutamyl)-glycine

The formation of an isopeptide cross-link between peptidyl-glutamate and peptidyl-glycine to produce N-(L-isoglutamyl)-glycine, as found in the antibiotic microcin J25.


dAMP binding

Binding to dAMP, deoxyadenosine monophosphate.


alcohol O-butanoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: butanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + a butyl ester.


centrolateral pattern formation

The regionalization process in which the areas along the centrolateral axis are established that will lead to differences in cell differentiation, or in which cells interpret a specific environment.


paraxial mesodermal cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a paraxial mesoderm cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


negative regulation of cardiac cell fate specification

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac cell fate specification.


glutathione-regulated potassium exporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(in) + H+(out) = K+(out) + H+(in), where glutathione maintains the closed state.


lateral reticular nucleus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral reticular nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


archaeosine-tRNA biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involved in the biosynthesis of archaeosine, an archaea-specific modified base found at position 15 in the D-loop of certain archaeal tRNAs.


fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of fungal cells.


plasma membrane invagination

An infolding of the plasma membrane.


auxin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving auxins, a group of plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth.


positive regulation of muscle adaptation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle adaptation.


2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated aromatic compound widely used as a herbicide.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (RS)-1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-methyl-(RS)-1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline.


negative regulation of netrin-activated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of netrin-activated signaling pathway.


prenylation

The covalent attachment of a prenyl group to a molecule; geranyl, farnesyl, or geranylgeranyl groups may be added.


5-epi-aristolochene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate <=> (+)-5-epi-aristolochene + diphosphoric acid.


beta-D-fucosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing beta-D-fucose residues in beta-D-fucosides.


iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor binding

Binding to iron molybdenum cofactor, the cofactor located at the active site of the molybdenum nitrogenase.


negative regulation of molecular function

Any process that stops or reduces the rate or extent of a molecular function, an elemental biological activity occurring at the molecular level, such as catalysis or binding.


positive regulation of somatic muscle development

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of somatic muscle development.


triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity

The codon binding activity of a tRNA that positions an activated amino acid, mediating its insertion at the correct point in the sequence of a nascent polypeptide chain during protein synthesis.


regulation of cellotriose metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellotriose metabolic process.


Catalysis of the reaction: (5alpha,22S,24R)-22-hydroxyergostan-3-one + NADP <=> H+ + (22S)-22-hydroxycampest-4-en-3-one + NADPH.


negative regulation of lens epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lens epithelial cell proliferation.


p-cymene methyl hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: p-cymene + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + p-cumic alcohol.


keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, an acidic sugar present in lipopolysaccharides of the outer membranes of some Gram-negative bacteria.


negative regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential.


acrylate:acyl-coA CoA transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acryloyl-CoA + H2O <=> acrylate + coenzyme A + H+.


modulation of complement activation, alternative pathway in another organism

A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation, via the alternative pathway, in a different organism.


Catalysis of the reaction: O-acetyl-L-homoserine + hydrogen sulfide = homocysteine + acetate.


voltage-gated calcium channel complex assembly

Cellular protein complex assembly that results in the formation of a voltage-gated calcium channel complex.


pentosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a pentosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: propane-1,3-diol + NAD+ = 3-hydroxypropanal + NADH + H+.


intramembrane lipid transporter activity

Enables the transport of a lipid from a region of a membrane to a different region on the same membrane.


dihydropterin oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 7,8-dihydropteridine + O2 = a pterin + hydrogen peroxide.


D-alanyl carrier activity

Binding a D-alanine and presenting it for processing or offloading to a cognate enzyme. Covalently binds the D-alanine via a phosphopantetheine prosthetic group and mediates protein-protein interactions with the enzyme conferring specificity. The carrier protein provides an essential link between the D-alanine-D-alanyl carrier protein ligase and the incorporation of D-alanine into lipoteichoic acid by transferring activated D-alanine to cell membrane phosphatidylglycerol (PG).


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-glucose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + glucose(out) = protein histidine + glucose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


modulation of heart rate in another organism

Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of heart contraction of another organism.


regulation of octopamine signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of octopamine signaling pathway.


negative regulation of cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process.


negative regulation of sphingolipid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sphingolipid signaling.


cellular response to prostaglandin F stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin F stimulus.


positive regulation of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation.


acyl-coenzyme A diphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an acyl-CoA + H2O = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + an acyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + 2 H+.


RNA polymerase III promoter clearance

A process that mediates the transition from the initiation to the elongation phases of transcription by RNA polymerase III, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance often involves breaking contact with transcription factors involved only in the initiation phase.


regulation of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity is the catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + donor-H2 + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + acceptor + H2O.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (17Z)-protosta-17(20),24-dien-3beta-ol.


L-altrarate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-altrarate.


positive regulation of larval somatic muscle development

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of larval somatic muscle development.


response to tamsulosin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tamsulosin stimulus.


auxin binding

Binding to auxin, a plant hormone that regulates aspects of plant growth.


cellular macromolecule localization

Any process in which a macromolecule is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location at the level of a cell. Localization at the cellular level encompasses movement within the cell, from within the cell to the cell surface, or from one location to another at the surface of a cell.


negative regulation of ascospore formation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ascospore formation, a process in which a sexual spore, named ascospore, from Ascomycete fungi was produced inside an ascus.


midbrain-hindbrain boundary maturation during neural plate development

A developmental process occurring before the brain has been specified along the neural axis that is required for the midbrain-hindbrain boundary to attain its fully functional state. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate.


adenosylcobinamide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: adenosylcobinamide + H2O = (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + adenosylcobyrate.


fraxetin biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fraxetin.


RNA cytidine insertion

The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of a cytidine nucleotide.


steroid hormone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any steroid hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone.


regulation of cell killing

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell killing, the process in which a cell brings about the death of another cell, either in the same or a different organism.


antigen processing and presentation following receptor mediated endocytosis

Antigen processing and presentation which is initiated by uptake of antigen receptor-mediated endocytosis.


teichuronic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of teichuronic acid, a polymer containing chains of uronic acids and N-acetylglucosamine found in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria.


phasic smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within phasic smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. In the phasic smooth muscle, the muscle contraction occurs without an ordered sarcomeric structure. Phasic smooth muscle contraction occurs in a series of discrete contractions and relaxations.


tyrosine-arginine ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + L-tyrosine + ATP = L-tyrosyl-L-arginine + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3D-3,5/4-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione + H2O <=> 5-deoxy-D-glucuronate + H+.


regulation of tonic skeletal muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tonic skeletal muscle contraction.


mesonephric proximal tubule morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesonephric proximal tubule are generated and organized. The mesonephric proximal tubule extends from the capsule to the distal tubule.


negative regulation of cell adhesion in ventricular zone

The process that results in the loss of attachments of a cell in the ventricular zone.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3',3'-c-di-AMP + H2O = 5'-O-phosphonoadenylyl-(3'-5')-adenosine + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: (2S,3R,4S)-4-hydroxy-L-isoleucine + NAD = (2S,3R)-2-amino-3-methyl-4-ketopentanoate + NADH + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxy-3-succinoylpyridine + H2O = succinic semialdehyde + 2,5-dihydroxypyridine.


regulation of ethanol catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ethanol catabolic process.


mechanosensitive voltage-gated sodium channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel whose activity is modulated in response to mechanical stress. Response to mechanical stress and voltage gating together is different than the sum of individual responses. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a fungal cell, the directed killing of a fungal cell by a neutrophil.


protein localization to meiotic spindle

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a meiotic spindle.


fructoselysine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fructoselysine.


negative regulation of lymphocyte anergy

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte anergy.


RNA cytidine-uridine insertion

The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of an cytidine-uridine dinucleotide.


establishment of synaptic vesicle localization

The directed movement of a synaptic vesicle or vesicles to a specific location.


positive regulation of cerebral blood circulation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cerebral blood circulation.


protocatechuate catabolic process, ortho-cleavage

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of protocatechuate, the anion of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, to yield beta-ketoadipate.


myosuppressin receptor activity

Combining with the peptide myosuppressin to initiate a change in cell activity.


Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate + H2O = 6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin + triphosphate + acetaldehyde + 2 H+.


urate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: urate + O2 + H2O = 5-hydroxyisourate + hydrogen peroxide.


negative regulation of R7 cell fate commitment

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of R7 cell fate commitment.


positive regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alcohol biosynthetic process.


cloacal gland development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cloacal gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


monocyte antigen processing and presentation

The process in which a monocyte expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.


ABC-type nickel transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ni2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Ni2+(in).


negative regulation of cilium movement

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of cilium movement, the directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium.


transforming growth factor beta3 activation

The release of transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGF-beta3) from its latent state.


Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + S(2-) = CoA + thioacetate.


sorbose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sorbose, the ketohexose xylo-2-hexulose. Sorbose is produced commercially by fermentation and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of ascorbic acid.


tRNA(Ile)-lysidine synthase activity

Catalysis of the ligation of lysine onto the cytidine residue present at the wobble position (usually position 34) of an AUA-specific isoleucine tRNA, to form the derivative lysidine. This modification converts both the codon specificity of tRNA(Ile) from AUG to AUA and its amino acid specificity from methionine to isoleucine.


transcription ternary complex disassembly

The disaggregation of a transcription ternary complex, composed of RNA polymerase, template DNA, and an RNA transcript, into its constituent components.


follicle cell microvillus organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microvillus on a follicle cell. A microvillus is a thin cylindrical membrane-covered projection on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments.


Mo(VI)-molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving Mo(VI)-molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide.


regulation of stomatal closure

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of stomatal closure. Stomatal closure is the process of closing of stomata, pores in the epidermis of leaves and stems bordered by two guard cells and serving in gas exchange.


homospermidine synthase (spermidine-specific) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: spermidine + putrescine = sym-homospermidine + propane-1,3-diamine.


3-deoxyoctulosonase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-deoxyoctulosonyl-lipopolysaccharide + H2O = 3-deoxyoctulosonic acid + lipopolysaccharide.


Catalysis of the transfer of a beta-D-glucosyl residue from UDP-glucose to a glucosylhydroxymethylcytosine residue in DNA.


Catalysis of the cyclization of part of a 1,4-alpha-D-glucan chain by formation of a 1,4-alpha-D-glucosidic bond.


negative regulation of maltotriulose transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of maltotriulose transport.


negative regulation of water channel activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of water channel activity.


Catalysis of the reaction: succinyl-CoA + lysine in peptide = CoA + N-succinyl-lysine-peptide.


nitric oxide sensor activity

Binding to and responding, e.g. by conformational change, to changes in the cellular level of nitric oxide (NO).


GPI anchor biosynthetic process via N-threonyl-glycosylphosphatidylinositolethanolamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-threonyl ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a threonyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoic acid + L-glutamate + ATP <=> H+ + N-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-L-glutamate + AMP + diphosphoric acid.


plasma lipoprotein particle disassembly

The disaggregation of a plasma lipoprotein particle into its constituent components.


catechol-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of catechol-containing compounds. Catechol is a compound containing a pyrocatechol nucleus or substituent.


Catalysis of the reaction: glucosyl-N-acetylglucosamine + H2O = glucosamine + N-acetylglucosamine.


ACP-dependent peptidyl-lysine N6-palmitoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: hexadecanoyl-[ACP] + L-lysyl-[protein] = H+ + holo-[ACP] + N(6)-hexadecanoyl-L-lysyl-[protein].


modulation by symbiont of host ethylene-mediated defense response

Any process in which a symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


trigeminal ganglion formation

The process that gives rise to the trigeminal ganglion. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H+.


L-threonate 3-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-threonate + NAD+ = 3-dehydro-L-threonate + H+ + NADH.


syn-pimara-7,15-diene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate = 9-beta-pimara-7,15-diene + diphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dichlorobenzoate + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 3,4-dichlorobenzoate-cis-4,5-diol + an oxidized electron acceptor.


B cell tolerance induction in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue

Tolerance induction taking place in the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) mediated by B cells.


regulation of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition.


ADP-dependent medium-chain-acyl-CoA hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a medium-chain acyl-CoA = a medium-chain carboxylate + CoA. Requires ADP.


homofuraneol oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: homofuraneol + NADP <=> (2E)-2-ethylidene-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone + NADPH + H+.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on hydrogen as donor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor.


chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 (CCL11, also known as eotaxin-1) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


negative regulation of amoeboid sperm motility

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of amoeboid sperm motility.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-N,N'-diacetylchitobiose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + N,N'-diacetylchitobiose(out) = protein histidine + N,N'-diacetylchitobiose phosphate(in).


hyaluranon cable assembly

A process that results in the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a hyaluranon cable, a cable structure, surrounding some cell types (e.g. proximal or bronchial tubular epithelial cells), and composed of hyaluranon (HA), a ubiquitous connective tissue glycosaminoglycan.


viral entry into host cell via pilus retraction and membrane fusion

The uptake of a virus into a host cell which occurs via retraction of the viral-bound pilus to bring the virus in contact with the host cell membrane, followed by fusion of the bacteriophage membrane with the host outer membrane.


11-oxo-beta-amyrin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 11-oxo-beta-amyrin.


Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA-(2-methylthio-N-6-isopentenyl adenosine) = tRNA-(2-methylthio-N-6-(cis-hydroxy)isopentenyl adenosine) + O2. 2-methylthio-N-6-isopentenyl adenosine is also known as ms2i6A; 2-methylthio-N-6-(cis-hydroxy)isopentenyl adenosine is also known as ms2io6A and 2-methylthio-cis-ribozeatin.


coenzyme F420-dependent 2,4,6-trinitrophenol hydride reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trinitrophenol hydride Meisenheimer complex + H- = trinitrophenol dihydride Meisenheimer complex (aci form). Coenzyme F420 supplies the hydride (H-) in the reaction.


establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity involved in gastrulation

Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized cytoskeletal structures that contribute to the cell polarity of a migrating ameboid cell taking part in gastrulation.


lipoprotein localization

Any process in which a lipoprotein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


pyrimidine dimer DNA N-glycosylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of pyrimidine dimers by removing the 5' pyrimidine of the dimer by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the 5' pyrimidine of the dimer and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases the 5' pyrimidine of the dimer and leaves an apurinic (AP) site. The reaction involves the formation of a covalent enzyme substrate intermediate. Release of the enzyme and free base by a beta-elimination or a beta, gamma-elimination mechanism results in the cleavage of the DNA backbone 3' of the apyrimidinic (AP) site.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chloro-L-alanine + thioglycolate = S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine + chloride + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: (E)-4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde oxime = (Z)-4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde oxime.


D-valine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-valine.


Catalysis of the reaction: carboxymethoxysuccinate = fumarate + glycolate.


dihydrosphingosine-1-P pathway

A phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthetic process that proceeds via the enzymatic action of dihydrosphingosine phosphate lyase.


sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sinapaldehyde + NADPH + H+ = sinapyl-alcohol + NADP+.


development of symbiont in host

The progression of an organism from an initial condition to a later condition, occurring within the cells or tissues of the host organism. This may (but not necessarily) include a filamentous growth form, and also can include secretion of proteases and lipases to break down host tissue. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to oscillatory fluid shear stress

Any response to fluid shear stress where the fluid is moving across a solid surface with an oscillatory flow. Disturbed flow patterns at the arterial bifurcations and curvatures may cause endothelial dysfunction, which initiates atherosclerosis.


hydroxyglutamate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-L-glutamate + H+ = 4-amino-3-hydroxybutanoate + CO2.


regulation of endocardial cushion cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of an endocardial cushion cell.


serine-glyoxylate transaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + glyoxylate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + glycine.


Catalysis of the endolytic cleavage of beta-1,4-galactosaminic bonds between N-acetylgalactosamine and either D-glucuronic acid or L-iduronic acid to produce a mixture of Delta4-unsaturated oligosaccharides of different sizes that are ultimately degraded to Delta4-unsaturated tetra- and disaccharides.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + cycloartenol = (24R)-24-methylcycloart-25-en-3beta-ol + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


regulation of transport across blood-brain barrier

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transport across the blood-brain barrier.


tryptophan 2-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + O2 = CO2 + H2O + indole-3-acetamide.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine-diphosphoundecaprenol + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine-diphosphoundecaprenyl-N-acetylglucosamine + UDP.


nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage removal

The removal of the oligonucleotide that contains the DNA damage. The oligonucleotide is formed by dual incisions that flank the site of DNA damage.


erythrocyte aggregation

The adhesion of one erythrocyte to one or more other erythrocytes via adhesion molecules.


The process in which one relatively unspecialized immature cystocyte of the germ-line cyst in the germarium acquires the specialized features of an oocyte. An example of this process can be found in Drosophila melanogaster.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-O-caffeoyl-beta-D-glucose + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 1-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucose + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


S-methyl-5-thioribose kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribose + ATP = S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


phytochelatin-metal complex formation

A phytochelatin metabolic process in which a metal is incorporated with phytochelatin to form a complex.


Catalysis of the transfer of a galactose residue from a donor molecule, such as GDP-galactose or UDP-galactose, to an oligosaccharide, forming an alpha-(1->3) linkage.


tyrosine-based site-specific recombinase activity

Catalysis of the formation of new phosphodiester bonds between a pair of short, unique DNA target sequences; occurs through a phosphotyrosyl intermediate in which the target sequence is first cleaved by the nucleophilic attack by a tyrosine in the active site.


dTTP metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving dTTP, deoxyribosylthymine triphosphate.


2,5-dioxopiperazine hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dioxopiperazine + H2O = glycylglycine.


cysteine lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-cysteine + sulfite = L-cysteate + sulfide.


Catalysis of the reaction: (2Z)-2-(acetamidomethylene)-3-(hydroxymethyl)succinate + 2 H2O + H+ = 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxobutanoate + acetate + CO2 + NH4.


floral organ abscission

The controlled shedding of floral organs.


enucleation

The process in which nucleated precursor cells lose their nucleus.


Catalysis of the reaction: (6E)-8-hydroxygeraniol + NADP <=> (6E)-8-hydroxygeranial + NADPH + H+.


positive stranded viral RNA replication

A viral genome replication process where the template genome is positive stranded, single stranded RNA ((+)ssRNA). Replication of the positive strand leads to dsRNA formation, which in turn is transcribed into positive single stranded RNA.


chrysobactin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the siderophore chrysobactin (alpha-N-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-D-lysyl-L-serine).


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxy-L-glutamate + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methylpropanoate + ATP = 2-methylpropanoyl phosphate + ADP + H+.


induction of platelet aggregation in another organism

Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of platelet aggregation in another organism.


Catalysis of the transfer of a linoleoyl ((9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoyl) group from phosphatidylcholine to an oxygen atom on a cardiolipin molecule.


cellular response to curcumin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a curcumin stimulus.


iron-sulfur cluster carrier activity

Binding to an iron-sulfur cluster and delivering it to an acceptor molecule.


amylin receptor 3 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular amylin, or another ligand, combining with an amylin receptor 3 (AMY3), a G protein-coupled receptor complex, on the surface of the target cell. The AMY3 signaling pathway can also be initiated by the amyloid-beta complex. AMY3 signaling results in increased import of calcium ions into the cytosol across plasma membrane, increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, Act, and a PKA regulatory subunit II, as well as increased expression of cFos.


isopimaradienol hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + isopimaradienol + NADPH + O2 <=> isopimaradiene-diol + NADP + H2O.


tartrate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tartrate.


primary alcohol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.


cell wall biogenesis

A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cell wall. Includes biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, such as proteins and polysaccharides, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the cellular component. A cell wall is the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis.


aldarate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of aldarate from one side of a membrane to the other.


virus tail fiber assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a virus tail fiber.


acetyl-coenzyme A:acetyl alcohol acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzyl alcohol + acetyl-CoA = benzyl acetate + coenzyme A.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyldiphosphoundecaprenol + UDP-D-glucose = beta-D-glucosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyldiphosphoundecaprenol + UDP.


poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid.


levanase activity

Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of 2,6-beta-D-fructofuranosidic linkages in 2,6-beta-D-fructans (levans) containing more than 3 fructose units.


phosphocreatine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphocreatine, a phosphagen of creatine which is synthesized and broken down by creatine phosphokinase.


sorocarp stalk morphogenesis

The process in which the sorocarp stalk is generated and organized. The sorocarp stalk is a tubular structure that consists of cellulose-covered cells stacked on top of each other and surrounded by an acellular stalk tube composed of cellulose and glycoprotein. An example of this process is found in Dictyostelium discoideum.


ionotropic taste receptor activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a soluble compound has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


mating-type factor pheromone receptor activity

Combining with a mating-type factor pheromone to initiate a change in cell activity.


mesonephric interstitial fibroblast development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric interstitial fibroblast over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


methanol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving methanol, CH3-OH, a colorless, flammable, mobile, poisonous liquid, widely used as a solvent.


4-methoxybenzoate monooxygenase (O-demethylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methoxybenzoate + AH(2) + O2 = 4-hydroxybenzoate + A + formaldehyde + H2O.


regulation of lipoprotein particle clearance

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of lipoprotein particle clearance. Lipoprotein particle clearance is the process in which a lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


tRNA-derived regulatory ncRNA processing

A process leading to the generation of a functional small regulatory non-coding RNA derived from a tRNA.


nucleoside ribosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribosyl-base1 + base2 = D-ribosyl-base2 + base1.


Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-D-glycero-D-manno-heptose = ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose.


arabinogalactan binding

Binding to arabinogalactan.


response to mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling.


mycolic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving mycolic acids, beta-hydroxy fatty acids with a long alpha-alkyl side chain.


berbamunine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving berbamunine, an isoquinoline alkaloid.


pole cell fate determination

The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a pole cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.


detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain

The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


facial nerve development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the facial nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This sensory and motor nerve supplies the muscles of facial expression and the expression and taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The principal branches are the superficial opthalmic, buccal, palatine and hyomandibular. The main trunk synapses within pterygopalatine ganglion in the parotid gland and this ganglion then gives off nerve branches which supply the lacrimal gland and the mucous secreting glands of the nasal and oral cavities.


methylamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving methylamine (CH3NH2).


detection of humidity stimulus involved in sensory perception

The series of events in which a humidity stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of the sensory perception of humidity.


septation initiation signaling

The series of molecular signals, mediated by the small GTPase Ras, that results in the initiation of contraction of the contractile ring, at the beginning of cytokinesis and cell division by septum formation. The pathway coordinates chromosome segregation with mitotic exit and cytokinesis.


glossopharyngeal nerve maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the glossopharyngeal nerve to attain its fully functional state. Various sensory and motor branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply nerve connections to the pharynx and back of the tongue. The branchial motor component contains motor fibers that innervate muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx, and the tympanic branch supplies parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion.


cell proliferation involved in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis

The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis.


dorsal/ventral pattern formation, imaginal disc

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis of the imaginal disc. Imaginal disks are masses of hypodermic cells, carried by the larvae of some insects after leaving the egg, from which masses the wings and legs of the adult are subsequently formed.


proximal convoluted tubule segment 1 cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into an S1 cell in the kidney.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-acetamido-4-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O = N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + D-glucosamine.


morphine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving morphine, 17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5alpha-epoxymorphinan-3,6alpha-diol. Morphine is a highly potent opiate analgesic psychoactive drug obtained form the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum.


ent-cassadiene-C2-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ent-cassa-12,15-diene + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> 2alpha-hydroxy-ent-cassadiene + NADP + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: (1R,9R,10S,11R,12R,19R)-12-ethyl-10,11-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-10-(methoxycarbonyl)-8-methyl-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.0^{1,9}.0^{2,7}.0^{16,19}]nonadeca-2(7),3,5,13-tetraen-16-ium + acetyl-CoA = (1R,9R,10S,11R,12R,19R)-11-(acetyloxy)-12-ethyl-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-10-(methoxycarbonyl)-8-methyl-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.0^{1,9}.0^{2,7}.0^{16,19}]nonadeca-2(7),3,5,13-tetraen-16-ium + CoA.


male germ-line cyst formation

Formation of a group of interconnected cells derived from a single male gonial founder cell.


precorrin-2 dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + precorrin-2 = 2 H+ + NADH + sirohydrochlorin.


negative regulation of nerve growth factor receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor.


negative regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of inner ear receptor cell differentiation.


nerve growth factor processing

The generation of a mature nerve growth factor (NGF) by proteolysis of a precursor.


histone H4 ubiquitin ligase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of ubiquitin to a histone H4 substrate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-keto-5-aminohexanoate + acetyl-CoA = L-3-aminobutyryl-CoA + acetoacetate.


cardiac fibroblast cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardiac fibroblast. A cardiac fibroblast is a connective tissue cell in the heart which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 raffinose = sucrose + 1F-alpha-D-galactosylraffinose.


RNA modification guide activity

Specifies the site of a posttranscriptional modification in an RNA molecule by base pairing with a short sequence around the target residue.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine(2503) in 23S rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + rRNA containing C2-methyladenine(2503) in 23S rRNA.


dihydroxyfluorene dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a dihydroxyfluorene + O2 = the corresponding 2-hydroxy-4-(oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-inden-ylidene) but-2-enoic acid.


movement of group I intron

Lateral transfer of a group I intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron; group I introns are self-splicing introns that use guanosine as a cofactor in the splicing reaction.


ergothioneine biosynthesis from histidine via hercynylcysteine sulfoxide synthase

A biosynthetic process that results in the formation of ergothioneine from histidine via a set of steps including the hercynylcysteine sulfoxide synthase reaction, which converts N-alpha,N-alpha,N-alpha-trimethyl-L-histidine directly to hercynylcysteine sulfoxide.


sinapate ester biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ester derivates of sinapate, (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate.


neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

The directed killing of a target cell by a neutrophil.


histone ubiquitination

The modification of histones by addition of ubiquitin groups.


peptidyl-arginine N5-methylation

The methylation of peptidyl-arginine on the internal nitrogen-5 (N5) atom (also called delta-nitrogen) to form peptidyl-N5-methyl-L-arginine.


D-ribose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-ribose, (ribo-pentose).


maintenance of shoot apical meristem identity

The process in which an organism retains a population of shoot apical meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate.


citrate catabolic process to diacetyl

The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of citrate to diacetyl, yielding energy in the form of ATP.


gluconate 2-dehydrogenase (acceptor) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-gluconate + acceptor = 2-dehydro-D-gluconate + reduced acceptor.


presynaptic active zone disassembly

The disaggregation of a presynaptic active zone into its constituent components.


meristem determinacy

The process in which a meristem becomes determinate (i.e. ceases to produce lateral organs and may or may not terminally differentiate).


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxy-8-methylnaphthalene + O2 = 2-hydroxy-8-methylchromene-2-carboxylate + H+.


head kidney morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the head kidney are generated and organized. The head kidney is a pronephros that consists of fused bilateral lobes located in the anterior part of the kidney.


Catalysis of the reaction: trans-4-(2-(3-hydroxy)-thionaphthenyl)-2-oxo-3-butenoate + H2O = pyruvate + 3-hydroxy-2-formylbenzothiophene.


peptide cross-linking via 3-(3'-L-histidyl)-L-tyrosine

The modification of peptidyl-histidine and peptidyl-tyrosine to form a 3-(3'-L-histidyl)-L-tyrosine protein cross-link.


regulation of trichome patterning

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trichome patterning.


regulation of sporulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sporulation, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a spore over time, from its initiation to the mature structure.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + H+(out) = K+(in) + H+(in).


plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation involved in immune response

A change in the morphology or behavior of a plasmacytoid dendritic cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of wind

The series of events involved in the perception of wind in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


geraniol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geraniol + NADP+ = geranial + NADPH.


iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor.


protein localization to non-growing cell tip

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a non-growing cell tip.


perturbation by symbiont of host microtubule cytoskeleton

The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host microtubule cytoskeleton. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation involved in immune response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cells as part of an immune response.


21-deoxycortisol binding

Binding to 21-deoxycortisol.


male pigmentation

Establishment of a pattern of pigment in males.


specification of plant organ axis polarity

The process in which the polarity of a plant organ axis is specified.


primary meristem tissue development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary meristem over time, from formation to the mature structure, as it occurs during plant embryogenesis. The primary meristem tissue is the protoderm, ground meristem and procambium.


3-geranylgeranylindole NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (10,11-epoxidizing) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-geranylgeranylindole + O2 + NADPH + H+ = 10,11-epoxy-3-geranylgeranylindole + NADP + H2O.


osmoregulated periplasmic glucan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of osmoregulated periplasmic glucan.


bacitracin A biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bacitracin A.


response to G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic cell cycle G1/S transition size control checkpoint signaling.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chloro-D-alanine + H2O = pyruvate + chloride + NH3.


cellular response to protozoan

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a protozoan.


negative regulation of kainate selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the kainate selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway.


methane monooxygenase NADH activity

Catalysis of the reaction: methane + NADH + H+ + O2 = methanol + NAD+ + H2O.


hypochord development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hypochord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hypochord is a transient rod-like structure in the embryos of fish, lampreys and amphibians that is located immediately ventral to the notochord. The hypochord may play a role in positioning the dorsal aorta.


L-rhamnose isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-rhamnose = L-rhamnulose.


4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase [NAD(P)H] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


phosphocreatine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphocreatine, a phosphagen of creatine present in high concentration in striated muscle which is synthesized and broken down by creatine phosphokinase to buffer ATP concentration. It acts as an immediate energy reserve for muscle.


suppression of host innate immune response

Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the host organism, the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


5-carbamoylmethyl uridine residue modification

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the addition of a 5-carbamoylmethyl group to a uridine residue in RNA.


acetate ester metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving an acetate ester, any carboxylic ester where the carboxylic acid component is acetic acid.


dethiobiotin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-diaminononanoate + ATP + CO2 = ADP + dethiobiotin + 4 H+ + phosphate.


versiconal hemiacetal acetate esterase activity

Catalyzes the reactions: versiconal hemiacetal acetate + H2O <=> versiconal + acetate, as well as versiconol acetate + H2O <=> versiconol + acetate.


arabinosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an arabinosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


vascular endothelial cell response to oscillatory fluid shear stress

Any response to oscillatory fluid shear stress that occurs in a vascular endothelial cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-benzylsuccinyl-CoA + 2 electron-transferring flavoprotein = (E)-2-benzylidenesuccinyl-CoA + 2 reduced electron-transferring flavoprotein.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving (Z)-nonadeca-1,14-diene.


high-affinity L-ornithine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-ornithine from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 16-alpha-hydroxygypsogenate = 16-alpha-hydroxygypsogenate-28-beta-D-glucoside + UDP.


thylakoid membrane disassembly

The controlled breakdown of the thylakoid membrane in the context of a normal process.


extracellular polysaccharide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving polysaccharides used in extracellular structures.


1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the splitting and linkage of (1->3)-beta-D-glucan molecules, resulting in (1->3)-beta-D-glucan chain elongation.


protein polyufmylation

Covalent attachment of the ubiquitin-like protein UFM1 to a protein, forming an UFM1 chain.


negative regulation of sulfur utilization

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sulfur utilization.


negative regulation of compound eye photoreceptor development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor development.


torso signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to torso (a receptor tyrosine kinase) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


Catalysis of the reaction: isoscopoletin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> scoparone + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


naringenin 3-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: naringenin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = dihydrokaempferol + succinate + CO2.


gibberellin 20-oxidase activity

Catalysis of the oxidation of C-20 gibberellins to form the corresponding C-19 lactones.


homing of group II introns

Lateral transfer of a group II intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron; group II introns are self-splicing introns with a conserved secondary structure.


ethanolamine-containing compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol) and compounds derived from it.


secretory granule maturation

Steps required to transform an immature secretory vesicle into a mature secretory vesicle. Typically proceeds through homotypic membrane fusion and membrane remodeling.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-O-(indol-3-ylacetyl)-beta-D-glucose + myo-inositol = 1L-1-O-(indol-3-yl)acetyl-myo-inositol + D-glucose.


magnetoreception by sensory perception of mechanical stimulus

The series of events required for an organism to receive a mechanical stimulus relating to a magnetic field, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. A magnetic field exerts a torque on a ferromagnetic material (e.g. magnetite) or on a material with diamagnetic anisotropy; organisms that can detect this torque can use it to determine the orientation of the magnetic field.


histone H2AK13 ubiquitin ligase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a ubiquitin molecule to histone 2A at the lysine-13 residue.


appressorium-mediated entry into host

Penetration by a symbiont into a host organism via an appressorium. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


xylose binding

Binding to the D- or L-enantiomer of xylose.


regulation of inosine transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of inosine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


inductive mesenchymal to epithelial cell signaling

Signaling at short range from mesenchymal cells to cells of an epithelium that results in a developmental change in the epithelial cells.


negative regulation of sterol import

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sterol import.


accessory nerve formation

The process that gives rise to the accessory nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve.


dextransucrase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sucrose + 1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) = D-fructose + 1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl(n+1).


pyridoxal phosphate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of pyridoxal phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyridoxal phosphate is pyridoxal phosphorylated at the hydroxymethyl group of C-5, and is the active form of vitamin B6.


regulation of hexasaccharide transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hexasaccharide transport.


establishment of ommatidial planar polarity

The specification of polarized ommatidia. Ommatidia occur in two chiral forms. The trapezoidal arrangement of photoreceptors in the dorsal part of the eye is the mirror image of that in the ventral part.


dorsal vessel heart proper cell fate commitment

The commitment of dorsal vessel cardioblast cells to a heart proper cell fate and their capacity to differentiate into heart cells. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: lysine(out) + H+(out) = lysine(in) + H+(in).


abscisic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving abscisic acid, 5-(1-hydroxy-2,6,6,trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-y1)-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid.


linolenate delta15 desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + a lipid linoleoyl group + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 2 H2O + a lipid alpha-linolenoyl group + an oxidized electron acceptor.


sebaceous gland placode formation

The developmental process in which a sebaceous gland placode forms. A sebaceous gland placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the sebaceous gland bud.


induction of blood coagulation in another organism

Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation in another organism. Blood coagulation is the sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot.


telomerase RNA localization

Any process in which telomerase RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


leucoplast fission

The creation of two or more leucoplasts by division of one leucoplast. A leucoplast is a colorless plastid involved in the synthesis of monoterpenes.


mesenchymal stem cell differentiation involved in nephron morphogenesis

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal stem cell that contributes to the shaping of a nephron. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells.


alkanesulfonate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alkanesulfonates, the anion of alkanesulfonic acids, sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.


copal-8-ol diphosphate(3-) metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving copal-8-ol diphosphate(3-).


Catalysis of the reaction: phospholipid + 1,2-diacylglycerol = lysophospholipid + triacylglycerol.


modulation by host of viral molecular function

A process in which a host organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any molecular function being mediated by a virus with which it is infected.


contractile vacuole localization

The directed movement of the contractile vacuole to a specific location.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + L-serine = products of ATP breakdown + N-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-L-serine.


melibiose binding

Binding to melibiose.


flavone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavones, a class of pigmented plant compounds based on 2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (2-phenylchromone).


pectin binding

Binding to pectin.


arg-arg specific dibasic protein processing

Any protein processing achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond after two consecutive arginine amino acid residues within a protein.


D-serine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of D-serine from one side of a membrane to the other. D-serine is the D-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.


4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase [NADH] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + H+ + NADH + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + H2O + NAD+.


diarylpropane peroxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol + H2O2 = 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde + 2 H2O.


Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4) linkages in (1->4)-beta-D-glucans.


pancreatic stellate cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of pancreatic stellate cells, resulting in the expansion of a pancreatic stellate cell population. Pancreatic stellate cells are found in the periacinar space of the exocrine pancreas and in perivascular and periductal regions of the pancreas, and have long cytoplasmic processes that encircle the base of the acinus.


mushroom body development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mushroom body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mushroom body is composed of the prominent neuropil structures of the insect central brain, thought to be crucial for olfactory associated learning. These consist mainly of a bulbous calyx and tightly packaged arrays of thin parallel fibers of the Kenyon cells.


central canal development

The process whose specific outcome is the formation of the central canal of the spinal cord from its formation to the mature structure. The central canal is a spinal cord structure that is part of the ventricular system and is filled with cerebral-spinal fluid and runs the length of the spinal cord.


negative regulation of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to chemical stimulus

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to chemical stimulus.


carbohydrate localization

Any process in which a carbohydrate is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. Carbohydrates are any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.


sulfurated eukaryotic molybdenum cofactor(2-) biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sulfurated eukaryotic molybdenum cofactor(2-).


malonyl-malonyl acyl carrier protein-condensing enzyme activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + 2 a malonyl-[acp] <=> 2 carbon dioxide + an acetoacetyl-[acp] + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


interferon-delta production

The appearance of interferon-delta due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


mannose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose.


5-oxovalerate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxovalerate + NADP+ + H2O = glutarate + NADPH + H+.


limit dextrinase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1,6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in alpha- and beta-limit dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen, and in amylopectin and pullulan.


peptide glutaryltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glutaryl-CoA + L-lysyl-[protein] = CoA + H+ + N6-glutaryl-L-lysyl-[protein].


mannitol 2-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-mannitol + NAD+ = D-fructose + NADH.


molting cycle, collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle

The periodic shedding of part or all of a collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle, which is then replaced by a new collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle. An example of this is found in the Nematode worm, Caenorhabditis elegans.


protein-exporting ATPase activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + protein+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + protein+(out); drives the concomitant secretion of proteins.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + leucodopachrome <=> H+ + cyclo-dopa 5-O-glucoside + UDP.


Catalysis of the reaction: indol-3-yl-methyl-desulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = indol-3-yl-methyl-glucosinolate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


male germ-line cyst encapsulation

Formation of a single follicular epithelium around the germ-line derived cells of a cyst formed in the male gonad.


DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity, acting on CpN substrates

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA containing CpN = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA containing 5-MeCpN.


2-phenylethylamine receptor activity

Combining with the biogenic amine 2-phenylethylamine to initiate a change in cell activity.


fluorene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fluorene, a tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon containing a five-membered ring. It is a major component of fossil fuels and their derivatives and is also a by-product of coal-conversion and energy-related industries. It is commonly found in vehicle exhaust emissions, crude oils, motor oils, coal and oil combustion products, waste incineration, and industrial effluents.


glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + O2 = glycerone phosphate + H2O2.


negative regulation of cell migration in another organism

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration in a second organism.


myrtenal dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: myrtenal + H2O = 2 H+ + 2 e- + myrtenic acid.


generation of mature 3'-end of LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA)

Any process involved in generating the mature 3'-end of an LSU-rRNA derived from a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript.


CAG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CAG codon.


cell-matrix adhesion involved in tangential migration using cell-cell interactions

The interaction of a cell and the extracellular matrix involved in the directed tangential movement of cells mediated by cell-cell interactions in the developing cerebral cortex.


heat shock-mediated polytene chromosome puffing

The decondensing (loosening) and swelling of the chromosomal sites of heat shock genes on polytene chromosomes in response to a heat shock stimulus.


negative regulation of cuticle pigmentation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in the cuticle of an organism.


galactitol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactitol, the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


transmembrane receptor protein kinase activity

Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.


response to G2 transition size control checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of G2/M transition size control checkpoint signaling.


somatic cell DNA recombination

Recombination occurring within or between DNA molecules in somatic cells.


S-linalool synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate + H2O = (S)-linalool + diphosphate.


protocatechuate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + H+ = catechol + CO2.


negative regulation of response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor.


peptidyl-selenocysteine modification

The modification of peptidyl-selenocysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-isopropylacetanilide + OH- = N-isopropylaniline + acetate.


glucosylglycerol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucosylglycerol, alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-(1,2)-glycerol.


Catalysis of the exolytic cleavage of disaccharide residues from the non-reducing ends of both polymeric chondroitin sulfates and their oligosaccharide fragments.


atrial cardiac muscle cell to AV node cell signaling

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from an atrial cardiomyocyte to an AV node cell.


negative regulation of chemokinesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chemokinesis.


oxazole or thiazole biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of oxazole or thiazole, five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen and a sulfur, respectively, in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position.


seed coat development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seed coat over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


citrate CoA-transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + citrate = acetate + (3S)-citryl-CoA.


indole phytoalexin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving indole phytoalexins, any indole compound produced by plants as part of their defense response.


hopanoid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hopanoids, pentacyclic sterol-like compounds based on the hopane nucleus.


sexual sporulation

The formation of spores derived from the products of meiosis.


undecaprenyl-diphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate + H2O = di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate + H+ + phosphate.


regulation of response to calcium ion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to calcium ion.


regulation of meiotic joint molecule formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic joint molecule formation. Meiotic joint molecule formation is the conversion of the paired broken DNA and homologous duplex DNA into a four-stranded branched intermediate, known as a joint molecule, formed during meiotic recombination.


6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction 6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose + ATP = 6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose-1-phosphate + ADP.


The movement of a thymocyte through distinct intrathymic niches (e.g. medulla, cortex), where it receives a unique set of developmental cues required for T-cell development, dependent on fibronectin in the extracellular matrix.