DEVELOPMENTALLY REGULATED GTP-BINDING PROTEIN-RELATED


MITOCHONDRIAL RIBOSOME-ASSOCIATED GTPASE 2


DNA REPLICATION-RELATED ELEMENT FACTOR, ISOFORM A


TATA BOX-BINDING PROTEIN ASSOCIATED FACTOR RNA POLYMERASE I SUBUNIT D


TATA BOX-BINDING PROTEIN-ASSOCIATED FACTOR RNA POLYMERASE I SUBUNIT D


INOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE PYROPHOSPHATASE/HAM1 PROTEIN


GENERAL TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR II-I REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


THYROID HORMONE-INDUCIBLE HEPATIC PROTEIN


CLEAVAGE AND POLYADENYLATION SPECIFICITY FACTOR SUBUNIT 4-RELATED


CLEAVAGE AND POLYADENYLATION SPECIFICITY FACTOR SUBUNIT 4-LIKE PROTEIN-RELATED


CLEAVAGE AND POLYADENYLATION SPECIFICITY FACTOR SUBUNIT 4


SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 25 (MITOCHONDRIAL CARRIER PHOSPHATE CARRIER), MEMBER 3, LIKE-RELATED-RELATED


PHOSPHATE CARRIER PROTEIN, MITOCHONDRIAL


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 152


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 170


PRIMARY CILIUM ASSEMBLY PROTEIN FAM149B1


INNER NUCLEAR MEMBRANE PROTEIN HEH2-RELATED


SIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLE SUBUNIT SRP72


STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE OF CHROMOSOMES 5,6  SMC5, SMC6


STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE OF CHROMOSOMES PROTEIN 6


EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR 3 SUBUNIT 11


EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR 3 SUBUNIT K


TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR SUPERFAMILY MEMBER 18


39S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L10, MITOCHONDRIAL


CYSTEINE AND GLYCINE-RICH PROTEIN 2 BINDING PROTEIN


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 66


26S PROTEASOME NON-ATPASE REGULATORY SUBUNIT 13


VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT CALCIUM CHANNEL BETA SUBUNIT-ASSOCIATED REGULATORY PROTEIN


CAT EYE SYNDROME CRITICAL REGION PROTEIN 2


3-HYDROXYACYL-COA DEHYDROGENASE FAMILY PROTEIN


STEROL CARRIER PROTEIN 2  SCP-2  FAMILY PROTEIN


SCP2 STEROL-BINDING DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


ANKYRIN AND ARMADILLO REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 78


TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION FACTOR TFIID 55 KD SUBUNIT-RELATED


TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION FACTOR TFIID SUBUNIT 7


TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION FACTOR TFIID SUBUNIT 7-LIKE


UBIQUITIN-ASSOCIATED AND SH3 DOMAIN-CONTAINING BA-RELATED


UBIQUITIN-ASSOCIATED AND SH3 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN B


UBIQUITIN-ASSOCIATED AND SH3 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN A


PROTEIN ARGININE METHYLTRANSFERASE NDUFAF7, MITOCHONDRIAL


MAP-KINASE ACTIVATING DEATH DOMAIN PROTEIN  MADD /DENN/AEX-3 C.ELEGANS


MAP KINASE-ACTIVATING DEATH DOMAIN PROTEIN


SISTER CHROMATID COHESION PROTEIN DCC1-RELATED


PIGGYBAC TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT-DERIVED PROTEIN 5


CATION CHANNEL SPERM-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN SUBUNIT ZETA


central element

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A structural unit of the synaptonemal complex found between the lateral elements.


DNA REPAIR PROTEIN COMPLEMENTING XP-A CELLS


PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE METHYLESTERASE-1 RELATED


TRNA:M(4)X MODIFICATION ENZYME TRM13 HOMOLOG


39S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L43, MITOCHONDRIAL


FERM DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN FRMD8P1-RELATED


ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 39-RELATED


G PATCH DOMAIN AND ANKYRIN REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


U3 SMALL NUCLEOLAR RNA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 25 HOMOLOG


TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR LIGAND SUPERFAMILY MEMBER 4


SPINDLE AND KINETOCHORE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 3


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 126


CLEAVAGE AND POLYADENYLATION SPECIFIC FACTOR


CLEAVAGE AND POLYADENYLATION SPECIFICITY FACTOR SUBUNIT 7


CLEAVAGE AND POLYADENYLATION SPECIFICITY FACTOR SUBUNIT 6


PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL-GLYCAN BIOSYNTHESIS CLASS W PROTEIN


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 13


PROTEIN N-TERMINAL ASPARAGINE AMIDOHYDROLASE


TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN 114/235 FAMILY MEMBER


RIBONUCLEOSIDE-DIPHOSPHATE REDUCTASE LARGE CHAIN


RIBONUCLEOSIDE-DIPHOSPHATE REDUCTASE LARGE SUBUNIT


RAB3 GTPASE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN CATALYTIC SUBUNIT


SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE [MN], MITOCHONDRIAL


LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 36


CILIA- AND FLAGELLA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 57


YL-1 PROTEIN  TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-LIKE 1


VACUOLAR PROTEIN SORTING-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 72 HOMOLOG


SMALL SEVEN TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN


STRUCTURE-SPECIFIC ENDONUCLEASE SUBUNIT SLX4


SPERMATOGENESIS-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 19, MITOCHONDRIAL


RCC1-LIKE G EXCHANGING FACTOR-LIKE PROTEIN


39S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L30, MITOCHONDRIAL


RRNA PROCESSING PROTEIN EBNA1-BINDING PROTEIN-RELATED


ATPASE FAMILY AAA DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2B


ATPASE FAMILY AAA DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2


UBIQUITIN INTERACTION MOTIF-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


U3 SMALL NUCLEOLAR RNA INTERACTING PROTEIN 2


U3 SMALL NUCLEOLAR RNA-INTERACTING PROTEIN 2


DOLICHOL-PHOSPHATE MANNOSYLTRANSFERASE SUBUNIT 3


SIMILAR TO RIKEN CDNA 6430571L13 GENE, SIMILAR TO G20 PROTEIN


SIMILAR TO RIKEN CDNA 6430571L13 GENE_ SIMILAR TO G20 PROTEIN


VACUOLAR PROTEIN SORTING-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN


VACUOLAR PROTEIN SORTING-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 18 HOMOLOG


VACUOLAR PROTEIN SORTING-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 11 HOMOLOG


CEREBRAL CAVERNOUS MALFORMATIONS PROTEIN 2 HOMOLOG


CEREBRAL CAVERNOUS MALFORMATIONS 2 PROTEIN-LIKE


CEREBRAL CAVERNOUS MALFORMATIONS 2 PROTEIN


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 25


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 12


SOLUBLE LIVER ANTIGEN/LIVER PANCREAS ANTIGEN


STEROL REGULATORY ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN CLEAVAGE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN


BCAS3 MICROTUBULE ASSOCIATED CELL MIGRATION FACTOR


BIOGENESIS OF LYSOSOME-RELATED ORGANELLES COMPLEX 1 SUBUNIT 6


PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAIN-CONTAINING FAMILY H MEMBER 2


PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAIN-CONTAINING FAMILY H MEMBER 1


CLEFT LIP AND PALATE ASSOCIATED TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN-RELATED


CLEFT LIP AND PALATE TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN 1-LIKE PROTEIN


CLEFT LIP AND PALATE TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN 1


DNA-DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE, MITOCHONDRIAL


CATION CHANNEL SPERM-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 1


JUPITER MICROTUBULE ASSOCIATED HOMOLOG 2


JUPITER MICROTUBULE ASSOCIATED HOMOLOG 1


HERMANSKY-PUDLAK SYNDROME 4 PROTEIN  LIGHT-EAR PROTEIN-RELATED


TRAFFICKING PROTEIN PARTICLE COMPLEX SUBUNIT 5


VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR A DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 5A


PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 1 REGULATORY SUBUNIT 36


LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 11


LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 42


DEADENYLATION COMPLEX CATALYTIC SUBUNIT PAN2


PAN2-PAN3 DEADENYLATION COMPLEX CATALYTIC SUBUNIT PAN2


ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 31-RELATED


ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 31


PIGGYBAC TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT-DERIVED PROTEIN 4


SYNAPTONEMAL COMPLEX CENTRAL ELEMENT PROTEIN 2


TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR LIGAND SUPERFAMILY MEMBER 18


EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR 3 SUBUNIT J


NTPASE, KAP FAMILY P-LOOP DOMAIN-CONTAINING 1


NTPASE KAP FAMILY P-LOOP DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


KERATINOCYTE-ASSOCIATED TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN 2


CILIA- AND FLAGELLA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 161


ACETYL, PROPIONYL, PYRUVATE, AND GLUTACONYL CARBOXYLASE-RELATED


METHYLCROTONOYL-COA CARBOXYLASE BETA CHAIN, MITOCHONDRIAL


SMALL NUCLEAR RNA ACTIVATING COMPLEX, POLYPEPTIDE 1


SNRNA-ACTIVATING PROTEIN COMPLEX SUBUNIT 1


PAN2-PAN3 DEADENYLATION COMPLEX SUBUNIT PAN3


EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR 6


CELL GROWTH REGULATOR WITH RING FINGER DOMAIN PROTEIN 1


PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAIN-CONTAINING FAMILY M MEMBER 2


SIMILAR TO HYPOTHETICAL PROTEIN FLJ40298


POST-GPI ATTACHMENT TO PROTEINS FACTOR 4


ZINC FINGER CCHC DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN


ZINC FINGER CCHC DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 14


SYNTHASE CPS1, PUTATIVE (AFU_ORTHOLOGUE AFUA_7G02500)-RELATED


HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASE TYPE B CATALYTIC SUBUNIT


INTRAFLAGELLAR TRANSPORT PROTEIN 88 HOMOLOG


VACUOLAR PROTEIN SORTING-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN VPS25


VACUOLAR PROTEIN-SORTING-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 25


ELECTRON TRANSFER FLAVOPROTEIN-UBIQUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE


ELECTRON TRANSFER FLAVOPROTEIN-UBIQUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE, MITOCHONDRIAL


MITOCHONDRIAL NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE TRANSPORTER 1-RELATED-RELATED


LAMINA-ASSOCIATED POLYPEPTIDE  THYMOPOIETIN


LAMINA-ASSOCIATED POLYPEPTIDE 2, ISOFORM ALPHA


CYSTEINE-RICH PDF MOTIF DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


CYSTEINE-RICH DPF MOTIF DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM JUNCTION FORMATION PROTEIN LUNAPARK


GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING PROTEIN G I /G S /G O  GAMMA-13 SUBUNIT


GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING PROTEIN G(I)/G(S)/G(O) SUBUNIT GAMMA-13


UTP15 U3 SMALL NUCLEOLAR RNA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 15 FAMILY MEMBER


U3 SMALL NUCLEOLAR RNA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 15 HOMOLOG


N-ACYL-AROMATIC-L-AMINO ACID AMIDOHYDROLASE (CARBOXYLATE-FORMING)


RAS-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN 1


IRON-SULFUR CLUSTER ASSEMBLY 2 HOMOLOG, MITOCHONDRIAL


BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN INHIBITOR, NOGGIN


TYROSINE-PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE NON-RECEPTOR TYPE 23


PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH 6-INTERACTING PROTEIN


26S PROTEASOME NON-ATPASE REGULATORY SUBUNIT 4


UBIQUINOL-CYTOCHROME-C REDUCTASE COMPLEX ASSEMBLY FACTOR 2


HALOACID DEHALOGENASE-LIKE HYDROLASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 3


THIOREDOXIN DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 15


COORDINATOR OF PRMT5 AND DIFFERENTIATION STIMULATOR


THROMBOSPONDIN-TYPE LAMININ G DOMAIN AND EAR REPEAT-CONTAINING


THROMBOSPONDIN-TYPE LAMININ G DOMAIN AND EAR REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN


ZINC FINGER CCCH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 15


SPERMATID-SPECIFIC MANCHETTE-RELATED PROTEIN 1


LCK-INTERACTING TRANSMEMBRANE ADAPTER 1, LIME1


NADH-UBIQUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE 13 KD-A SUBUNIT


NADH DEHYDROGENASE [UBIQUINONE] IRON-SULFUR PROTEIN 6, MITOCHONDRIAL


BAH AND COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT-CONTAINING GENE 18 PROTEIN


VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT CALCIUM CHANNEL GAMMA-1 SUBUNIT-RELATED


VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT CALCIUM CHANNEL GAMMA-1 SUBUNIT


VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT CALCIUM CHANNEL GAMMA-6 SUBUNIT


UBIQUINOL-CYTOCHROME C REDUCTASE COMPLEX, SUBUNIT X


RIBONUCLEASE P PROTEIN SUBUNIT P25-LIKE PROTEIN


STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE OF CHROMOSOMES PROTEIN 2


NADH-UBIQUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE 39 KDA SUBUNIT-RELATED


NADH DEHYDROGENASE [UBIQUINONE] 1 ALPHA SUBCOMPLEX SUBUNIT 9, MITOCHONDRIAL


UDP-GLCNAC:BETAGAL BETA-1,3-N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINYLTRANSFERASE-LIKE PROTEIN 1


INACTIVE PEPTIDYL-PROLYL CIS-TRANS ISOMERASE FKBP6


SINGLE-PASS MEMBRANE AND COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 3


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 97


FANCONI ANEMIA GROUP G PROTEIN FAMILY MEMBER


MITOCHONDRIAL RIBOSOME-ASSOCIATED GTPASE 1


CALCIUM-SIGNAL MODULATING CYCLOPHILIN LIGAND  CAML


GUIDED ENTRY OF TAIL-ANCHORED PROTEINS FACTOR CAMLG


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 60


ACTIVATING SIGNAL COINTEGRATOR 1 COMPLEX SUBUNIT 1


SMALL SUBUNIT PROCESSOME COMPONENT 20 HOMOLOG


HEMATOPOIETICALLY-EXPRESSED HOMEOBOX PROTEIN HHEX


IMMUNITY-RELATED GTPASE FAMILY Q PROTEIN


TYRO PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE-BINDING PROTEIN


microglial cell activation

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The change in morphology and behavior of a microglial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.


NO MECHANORECEPTOR POTENTIAL C, ISOFORM D-RELATED


TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION FACTOR TFIID SUBUNIT 3


28S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S27, MITOCHONDRIAL


GLYCEROL-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE 1-LIKE PROTEIN


GLYCEROL-3-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE [NAD(+)], CYTOPLASMIC


NUCLEAR PORE COMPLEX PROTEIN NUP98-NUP96


METASTASIS-ASSOCIATED IN COLON CANCER PROTEIN 1


ENDOSOME/LYSOSOME-ASSOCIATED APOPTOSIS AND AUTOPHAGY REGULATOR 1


ENDOSOME/LYSOSOME-ASSOCIATED APOPTOSIS AND AUTOPHAGY REGULATOR FAMILY MEMBER 2


SHORT TRANSMEMBRANE MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEIN 1


EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR 2A


39S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L24, MITOCHONDRIAL


NADH-UBIQUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE ESSS SUBUNIT, MITOCHONDRIAL PRECURSOR


NADH DEHYDROGENASE [UBIQUINONE] 1 BETA SUBCOMPLEX SUBUNIT 11, MITOCHONDRIAL


CILIA- AND FLAGELLA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 221


INTRAFLAGELLAR TRANSPORT PROTEIN 57 HOMOLOG


DEOXYNUCLEOTIDYLTRANSFERASE TERMINAL-INTERACTING PROTEIN 2


SPERM ACROSOME MEMBRANE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 1


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 157


PROTOHEME IX FARNESYLTRANSFERASE, MITOCHONDRIAL


CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE SUBUNIT 6A2, MITOCHONDRIAL


CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE SUBUNIT 6A1, MITOCHONDRIAL


HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN GAMMA CHAIN


MITOCHONDRIAL DISTRIBUTION REGULATOR MISATO


CHLORIDE CONDUCTANCE REGULATORY PROTEIN ICLN


NF-KAPPA-B INHIBITOR-INTERACTING RAS-LIKE PROTEIN


NF-KAPPA-B INHIBITOR-INTERACTING RAS-LIKE PROTEIN 1


NF-KAPPA-B INHIBITOR-INTERACTING RAS-LIKE PROTEIN 2


CYTOCHROME B5 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


DNA-DIRECTED PRIMASE / POLYMERASE PROTEIN


IRON-SULFUR CLUSTER ASSEMBLY 1 HOMOLOG, MITOCHONDRIAL


PICALM INTERACTING MITOTIC REGULATOR PIMREG


TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION FACTOR B POLYPEPTIDE 2


Cobalamin biosynthesis

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent


VACUOLAR PROTEIN SORTING-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN VTA1 HOMOLOG


RECQ-MEDIATED GENOME INSTABILITY PROTEIN 2 RMI2


RECQ-MEDIATED GENOME INSTABILITY PROTEIN 2


RHO FAMILY-INTERACTING CELL POLARIZATION REGULATOR 1


RHO FAMILY-INTERACTING CELL POLARIZATION REGULATOR 2


UBIQUINONE BIOSYNTHESIS PROTEIN COQ9, MITOCHONDRIAL


METHYLMALONIC ACIDURIA TYPE A PROTEIN, MITOCHONDRIAL


ACIDIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR INTRACELLULAR BINDING PROTEIN


ACIDIC FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR INTRACELLULAR-BINDING PROTEIN


TRANSLATION MACHINERY-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 16


SIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA


TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT-CONTAINING GENE 6B PROTEIN


TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT-CONTAINING GENE 6C PROTEIN


TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT-CONTAINING GENE 6A PROTEIN


DIHYDROOROTATE DEHYDROGENASE (QUINONE), MITOCHONDRIAL-RELATED


DIHYDROOROTATE DEHYDROGENASE (QUINONE), MITOCHONDRIAL


NADH:UBIQUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE B18-LIKE SUBUNIT


NADH DEHYDROGENASE [UBIQUINONE] 1 BETA SUBCOMPLEX SUBUNIT 7


UDP-N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE--PEPTIDE N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINYLTRANSFERASE 110 KDA SUBUNIT


HIGH MOBILITY GROUP B PROTEIN 12-RELATED


MOTILE SPERM DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 160


LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 34


LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 73


ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 53


FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR-LIKE 1


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 171


CASPASE RECRUITMENT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 19


TRIFUNCTIONAL ENZYME SUBUNIT ALPHA, MITOCHONDRIAL


RUN AND FYVE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 4


UBIQUINONE BIOSYNTHESIS PROTEIN COQ4 HOMOLOG, MITOCHONDRIAL


39S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L37, MITOCHONDRIAL


PEPTIDYL-TRNA HYDROLASE ICT1, MITOCHONDRIAL


PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL-GLYCAN BIOSYNTHESIS CLASS X PROTEIN


FIBRONECTIN TYPE 3 AND ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAINS PROTEIN 1


vesicle targeting, trans-Golgi to periciliary membrane compartment

The process in which vesicles formed at the trans-Golgi network are directed to the plasma membrane surrounding the base of the cilium, including the ciliary pocket, mediated by molecules at the vesicle membrane and target membrane surfaces.


CATION CHANNEL SPERM-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 4


ZINC FINGER CCCH-TYPE ANTIVIRAL PROTEIN 1-LIKE


CILIA- AND FLAGELLA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 97


ADRENOCORTICAL DYSPLASIA PROTEIN HOMOLOG


MITOCHONDRIAL IMPORT INNER MEMBRANE TRANSLOCASE SUBUNIT TIM29


NUCLEAR FRAGILE X MENTAL RETARDATION-INTERACTING PROTEIN 2


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 178


E3 UBIQUITIN-PROTEIN LIGASE HECTD4-RELATED


PENTATRICOPEPTIDE REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2, MITOCHONDRIAL


UBIQUITIN CONJUGATING ENZYME 7 INTERACTING PROTEIN-RELATED


RANBP-TYPE AND C3HC4-TYPE ZINC FINGER-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


MEDIATOR OF RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTION SUBUNIT 8


ENDONUCLEASE/EXONUCLEASE/PHOSPHATASE FAMILY DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


CCR4-NOT TRANSCRIPTION COMPLEX SUBUNIT 10


RETICULON-4-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1, MITOCHONDRIAL


COILED-COIL-HELIX-COILED-COIL-HELIX DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 5


PROTON-TRANSPORTING V-TYPE ATPASE COMPLEX ASSEMBLY REGULATOR TMEM9


SERINE / THREONINE RACEMASE FAMILY MEMBER


RNA POLYMERASE II SUBUNIT 5-MEDIATING PROTEIN  NNX3


UNCONVENTIONAL PREFOLDIN RPB5 INTERACTOR 1


PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINYLTRANSFERASE SUBUNIT A


SMALL GLUTAMINE-RICH TETRATRICOPEPTIDE REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN ALPHA


SMALL GLUTAMINE-RICH TETRATRICOPEPTIDE REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN BETA


MEDIATOR OF RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTION SUBUNIT 11


28S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S26, MITOCHONDRIAL


CATION CHANNEL SPERM-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 2


SIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLE 19 KD PROTEIN


SIGNAL RECOGNITION PARTICLE 19 KDA PROTEIN


ZINC FINGER MYND DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN 10


ZINC FINGER MYND DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 10


DYNEIN ASSEMBLY FACTOR WITH WDR REPEAT DOMAINS 1


PHOSPHATIDYLGLYCEROPHOSPHATASE AND PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE 1


PGC-1 AND ERR-INDUCED REGULATOR IN MUSCLE PROTEIN 1


BUB3-INTERACTING AND GLEBS MOTIF-CONTAINING PROTEIN ZNF207


CELL CYCLE REGULATOR OF NON-HOMOLOGOUS END JOINING


LEUCINE-RICH SINGLE-PASS MEMBRANE PROTEIN 2


VACUOLAR PROTEIN SORTING-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 35


CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE ASSEMBLY PROTEIN COX16 HOMOLOG, MITOCHONDRIAL


UV RADIATION RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED GENE PROTEIN


SOMETHING ABOUT SILENCING PROTEIN 10-RELATED


SPLICEOSOME-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN CWC15 HOMOLOG


MYB/SANT-LIKE DNA-BINDING DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 4


HIGH MOBILITY GROUP NUCLEOSOME-BINDING DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 5


39S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L33, MITOCHONDRIAL


MYB-RELATED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, PARTNER OF PROFILIN


GLYCINE DEHYDROGENASE (DECARBOXYLATING), MITOCHONDRIAL


LYSOSOMAL COBALAMIN TRANSPORT ESCORT PROTEIN LMBD1


STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE OF CHROMOSOMES FLEXIBLE HINGE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


CDK5 REGULATORY SUBUNIT-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 2


60S ACIDIC RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN FAMILY MEMBER


TRANSMEMBRANE EPIDIDYMAL FAMILY MEMBER 3


LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 71


FANCONI ANEMIA CORE COMPLEX-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 24


PROTEIN TRANSPORT PROTEIN SEC61 SUBUNIT BETA


MYB/SANT-LIKE DNA-BINDING DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 105


DOLICHYL-DIPHOSPHOOLIGOSACCHARIDE--PROTEIN GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE SUBUNIT 4


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 50


TRAFFICKING PROTEIN PARTICLE COMPLEX SUBUNIT 11


ZINC FINGER CCCH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 14


PROTEASE-ASSOCIATED DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


FAS-ASSOCIATING DEATH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN FADD


TAIL-ANCHORED PROTEIN INSERTION RECEPTOR WRB


GUIDED ENTRY OF TAIL-ANCHORED PROTEINS FACTOR 1


THYROID HORMONE RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN-RELATED


MEDIATOR OF RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTION SUBUNIT 16


DALR ANTICODON-BINDING DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 3


NITROGEN PERMEASE REGULATOR 2/TUMOR SUPPRESSOR CANDIDATE 4


TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION FACTOR TFIID SUBUNIT 12


TATA-BINDING PROTEIN-ASSOCIATED FACTOR 172


ATP SYNTHASE SUBUNIT DELTA, MITOCHONDRIAL


ZINC FINGER BED DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 4


TRNA SELENOCYSTEINE 1-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 1-RELATED-RELATED


BREAST CANCER TYPE 1 SUSCEPTIBILITY PROTEIN BRCA1


BREAST CANCER TYPE 1 SUSCEPTIBILITY PROTEIN


TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION FACTOR TFIID SUBUNIT 10


EF-HAND CALCIUM-BINDING DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 5


SPINDLE AND KINETOCHORE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 2


UNCHARACTERIZED PROTEIN C17ORF53 HOMOLOG


HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION OB-FOLD PROTEIN


CYTIDINE MONOPHOSPHATE-N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID HYDROXYLASE


INACTIVE CYTIDINE MONOPHOSPHATE-N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID HYDROXYLASE


CHECKPOINT SUPPRESSOR 1-LIKE, ISOFORM A-RELATED


U3 SMALL NUCLEOLAR RNA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 14


U3 SMALL NUCLEOLAR RNA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 14 HOMOLOG A


U3 SMALL NUCLEOLAR RNA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 14 HOMOLOG C


ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR-LIKE PROTEIN 6-INTERACTING PROTEIN 6


UBIQUINONE BIOSYNTHESIS O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, MITOCHONDRIAL


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 134


ENDOTHELIAL CELL-SPECIFIC CHEMOTAXIS REGULATOR


COCAINE AND AMPHETAMINE REGULATED TRANSCRIPT PROTEIN


COCAINE- AND AMPHETAMINE-REGULATED TRANSCRIPT PROTEIN


LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR CLASS A DOMAIN-CONTAINING 4A


LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR CLASS A DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 4


RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTIONAL COACTIVATOR


ACTIVATED RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTIONAL COACTIVATOR P15


EXONUCLEASE 3'-5' DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2


ZINC FINGER FYVE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


DNA-DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASES I, II, AND III SUBUNIT RPABC5 FAMILY MEMBER


STARCH-BINDING DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


NUCLEOSIDE DIPHOSPHATE-LINKED MOIETY X MOTIF 6


28S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN S34, MITOCHONDRIAL


PEROXISOMAL MEMBRANE PROTEIN PMP34-RELATED


RNA SPLICING PROTEIN MRS2, MITOCHONDRIAL


EUKARYOTIC TRANSLATION ELONGATION FACTOR 1 EPSILON-1


ZINC FINGER CCCH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 44-RELATED


RNA POLYMERASE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN RTF1 HOMOLOG


POST-GPI ATTACHMENT TO PROTEINS FACTOR 3


WAP FOUR-DISULFIDE CORE DOMAIN PROTEIN 8


TELOMERE REPEAT-BINDING FACTOR 2-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1


TELOMERIC REPEAT-BINDING FACTOR 2-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1


DNA REPLICATION COMPLEX GINS PROTEIN PSF2


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 82


GLUTAMYL-TRNA(GLN) AMIDOTRANSFERASE SUBUNIT C, MITOCHONDRIAL


TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR SUPERFAMILY MEMBER 8


NADH-UBIQUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE SGDH SUBUNIT


NADH DEHYDROGENASE [UBIQUINONE] 1 BETA SUBCOMPLEX SUBUNIT 5, MITOCHONDRIAL


TRANSCRIPTION COFACTOR VESTIGIAL-LIKE PROTEIN 4


TYPE 2 DNA TOPOISOMERASE 6 SUBUNIT B-LIKE


CCR4-NOT TRANSCRIPTION COMPLEX SUBUNIT 11


POLYAMINE-MODULATED FACTOR 1-BINDING PROTEIN 1-RELATED


POLYAMINE-MODULATED FACTOR 1-BINDING PROTEIN 1


ZINC FINGER C4H2 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN


NADH-UBIQUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE SUBUNIT B


NADH DEHYDROGENASE [UBIQUINONE] 1 ALPHA SUBCOMPLEX SUBUNIT 7


TETRATRICOPEPTIDE REPEAT PROTEIN 11  TPR REPEAT PROTEIN 11


LATE ENDOSOMAL/LYSOSOMAL MP1 INTERACTING PROTEIN


CB1 CANNABINOID RECEPTOR-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1


MEMBRANE-ANCHORED JUNCTION PROTEIN MAJIN


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 93


PHYTANOYL-COA DIOXYGENASE DOMAIN CONTAINING 1


PHYTANOYL-COA DIOXYGENASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


GROWTH ARREST AND DNA DAMAGE-INDUCIBLE PROTEINS-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1 GADD45GIP1


GROWTH ARREST AND DNA DAMAGE-INDUCIBLE PROTEINS-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1


HYDROLASE OF PHP SUPERFAMILY-RELATED PROTEIN


DNA-DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASES I, II, AND III SUBUNIT RPABC3


C-JUN-AMINO-TERMINAL KINASE-INTERACTING PROTEIN 4


C-JUN-AMINO-TERMINAL KINASE-INTERACTING PROTEIN 3


BIFUNCTIONAL UDP-N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE 2-EPIMERASE/N-ACETYLMANNOSAMINE KINASE


CD2 ANTIGEN CYTOPLASMIC TAIL-BINDING PROTEIN 2


ATP DEPENDENT LON PROTEASE FAMILY MEMBER


BACULOVIRAL IAP REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


MITOCHONDRIAL PEPTIDE METHIONINE SULFOXIDE REDUCTASE


LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT CONTAINING PROTEIN 25


LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 25


PEPTIDYL-PROLYL CIS-TRANS ISOMERASE FKBP3


GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 8 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN


GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 8 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE 8 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2


PHENAZINE BIOSYNTHESIS-LIKE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN


TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR SUPERFAMILY MEMBER 1A


2'-DEOXYNUCLEOSIDE 5'-PHOSPHATE N-HYDROLASE 1


DNA-DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASES III 80 KDA POLYPEPTIDE  RNA POLYMERASE III SUBUNIT 5


DNA-DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASE III SUBUNIT RPC5


ZINC FINGER MYND DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 19


BACULOVIRAL IAP REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 5


NADH UBIQUINONE OXIDOREDUCTASE SUBUNIT ND6


BERNARDINELLI-SEIP CONGENITAL LIPODYSTROPHY 2 HOMOLOG  BSCL2 PROTEIN


PRE-MRNA PROCESSING PROTEIN PRP39-RELATED


PROLINE-RICH TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN 4-RELATED


ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 1


CONSERVED OLIGOMERIC GOLGI COMPLEX COMPONENT 5


CONSERVED OLIGOMERIC GOLGI COMPLEX SUBUNIT 5


SUCCINATE--COA LIGASE [ADP/GDP-FORMING] SUBUNIT ALPHA, MITOCHONDRIAL


CANCER-RELATED REGULATOR OF ACTIN DYNAMICS


CAPPING PROTEIN-INHIBITING REGULATOR OF ACTIN DYNAMICS


ACYL-COENZYME A THIOESTERASE 9, MITOCHONDRIAL


SORTING AND ASSEMBLY MACHINERY SAMM50 PROTEIN FAMILY MEMBER


SORTING AND ASSEMBLY MACHINERY COMPONENT 50 HOMOLOG


CILIA- AND FLAGELLA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 300


M-AAA PROTEASE-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1, MITOCHONDRIAL


DNA REPAIR/TRANSCRIPTION PROTEIN MET18/MMS19


MMS19 NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR PROTEIN HOMOLOG


34 KDA TRANSCRIPTIONAL CO-ACTIVATOR-RELATED


MEDIATOR OF RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTION SUBUNIT 27


DNA REPAIR AND RECOMBINATION PROTEIN RAD52, RAD59


PROSTATE APOPTOSIS RESPONSE PROTEIN PAR-4


PSORIASIS SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 CANDIDATE GENE 2 PROTEIN


ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 22


ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTOR-LIKE PROTEIN 2-BINDING PROTEIN


REVERSION-INDUCING CYSTEINE-RICH PROTEIN WITH KAZAL MOTIFS


KELCH REPEAT AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 13-RELATED


KELCH REPEAT AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 13


SNRNA-ACTIVATING PROTEIN COMPLEX SUBUNIT 4


DNA POLYMERASE EPSILON CATALYTIC SUBUNIT A


TRNA-SPLICING ENDONUCLEASE SUBUNIT SEN34-RELATED


TRNA-SPLICING ENDONUCLEASE SUBUNIT SEN34


TRANSMEMBRANE INNER EAR EXPRESSED PROTEIN


PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINYLTRANSFERASE SUBUNIT P


COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 83


DOLICHOL-PHOSPHATE MANNOSYLTRANSFERASE SUBUNIT 1


T-CELL ACTIVATION INHIBITOR, MITOCHONDRIAL


MEIOTIC NUCLEAR DIVISION PROTEIN 1 HOMOLOG


MEDIATOR OF RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTION SUBUNIT 20


TRANSLATION INITIATION FACTOR EIF-2B SUBUNIT GAMMA


GPI ETHANOLAMINE PHOSPHATE TRANSFERASE 1


SERINE-RICH SINGLE-PASS MEMBRANE PROTEIN 1


KINASE NON-CATALYTIC C-LOBE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


METALLO-BETA-LACTAMASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


NKG2-D TYPE II INTEGRAL MEMBRANE PROTEIN


FANCONI ANEMIA GROUP M FANCM FAMILY MEMBER


TRANSLIN-ASSOCIATED FACTOR X-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1


MASTERMIND-LIKE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


CALCOFLUOR WHITE HYPERSENSITIVE PROTEIN PRECURSOR


STERILE ALPHA MOTIF DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 3


RETINOIC ACID RECEPTOR RESPONDER PROTEIN 2


CYSTEINE-RICH AND TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


39S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L27, MITOCHONDRIAL


INTRAFLAGELLAR TRANSPORT PROTEIN 46 HOMOLOG


DNA-DIRECTED RNA POLYMERASES I, II, AND III SUBUNIT RPABC1


PROLACTIN REGULATORY ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN


PROLACTIN REGULATORY ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN


PROTEASE FAMILY C26 GAMMA-GLUTAMYL HYDROLASE


ANAPHASE PROMOTING COMPLEX SUBUNIT 4  APC4


TRANSMEMBRANE ANTERIOR POSTERIOR TRANSFORMATION PROTEIN 1 HOMOLOG


TATA BOX-BINDING PROTEIN ASSOCIATED FACTOR RNA POLYMERASE I SUBUNIT C


TATA BOX-BINDING PROTEIN-ASSOCIATED FACTOR RNA POLYMERASE I SUBUNIT C


THYROID RECEPTOR INTERACTING PROTEIN RELATED


LEUCINE-RICH MELANOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN


TUBULIN--TYROSINE LIGASE-LIKE PROTEIN 12


39S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L21, MITOCHONDRIAL


NADH DEHYDROGENASE [UBIQUINONE] 1 ALPHA SUBCOMPLEX SUBUNIT 8


COXSACKIEVIRUS AND ADENOVIRUS RECEPTOR-RELATED


cyanidin 3-O-glucoside 2-O''-xylosyltransferase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + UDP-alpha-D-xylose <=> cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-sambubioside + UDP.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups, disulfide as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide group.


CTP reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dCTP + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = CTP + thioredoxin. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin.


ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase activity, thioredoxin disulfide as acceptor

Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = ribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin.


TTP reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dTTP + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = TTP + thioredoxin. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin.


ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase activity, glutaredoxin disulfide as acceptor

Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate + glutaredoxin disulfide + H2O -> ribonucleoside diphosphate + glutaredoxin.


vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-insensitive) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-phytyl-2,3-dihydronaphthoquinone + oxidized dithiothreitol + H2O = 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydro-2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone + 1,4-dithiothreitol.


Catalysis of the formation of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate from ribonucleoside diphosphate, using either thioredoxin disulfide or glutaredoxin disulfide as an acceptor.


UDP reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dUDP + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = UDP + thioredoxin.


vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-sensitive) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phylloquinol + a protein with a disulfide bond = phylloquinone + a protein with reduced L-cysteine residues.


ADP reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dADP + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = ADP + thioredoxin.


CDP reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dCDP + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = CDP + thioredoxin.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = ribonucleoside triphosphate + thioredoxin.


encapsulin nanocompartment

Intracellular non-membrane bound organelle, consisting of proteinaceous polyhedral shells that encapsulate enzymes, protecting the contents from their surrounding milieu and/or the milieu from reactants in their interior. The self-assembling, 25-42 nm nanocompartment shell, unlike larger bacterial microcompartments, is made of only one protein, and has only a few proteins inside. Shells about vary from about 25-42 nm in diameter. The shell protein has an HK97-like fold and probably evolved from a viral protein. Artificial encapsulin nanocompartments can be expressed and filled with cargo proteins for biotechnological uses. They are found in many bacterial and a few archaeal phyla.


negative regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA dehydrogenase.


negative regulation of fatty acid oxidation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid oxidation.


negative regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid beta-oxidation.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate + H+ = 4-guanidinobutanal + CO2.


RNA transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of RNA, ribonucleic acid, from one side of a membrane to the other.


tRNA transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of tRNA, transfer ribonucleic acid, from one side of a membrane to the other.


B cell lineage commitment

The process in which a lymphoid progenitor cell becomes committed to become any type of B cell.


B-1 B cell lineage commitment

The process in which an immature B cell becomes committed to become a B-1 B cell.


indole catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of indole (2,3-benzopyrrole), the basis of many biologically active substances (e.g. serotonin, tryptophan).


indole metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving indole (2,3-benzopyrrole), the basis of many biologically active substances (e.g. serotonin, tryptophan).


indole biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indole (2,3-benzopyrrole), the basis of many biologically active substances (e.g. serotonin, tryptophan).


specification of animal organ axis polarity

The process in which the polarity of an animal organ axis is specified.


positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway.


mating-type a-factor pheromone receptor activity

Combining with the mating-type a-factor pheromone to initiate a change in cell activity.


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + NADH + O2 + quinolin-4-ol = H2O + NAD+ + quinoline-3,4-diol.


N8-acetylspermidine:oxygen oxidoreductase (propane-1,3-diamine-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + N(8)-acetylspermidine + O2 = 1,3-diaminopropane + 4-acetamidobutanal + H2O2.


effector-mediated suppression of host pattern-triggered immunity signaling

A process mediated by a molecule secreted by a symbiont that results in the suppression of a pattern-triggered immunity PTI signaling pathway. PTI signaling pathways are found in plants.


effector-mediated suppression of host innate immune response

A process mediated by a molecule secreted by a symbiont that results in the suppression of a host innate immune response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


effector-mediated suppression of host pattern-triggered immunity

A process mediated by a molecule secreted by a symbiont that results in the suppression of the innate immune response of the host organism via recognition of a microbe-associated molecular pattern. The innate immune response is the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


A protein complex that consists of an alpha2-beta1 integrin complex bound to a type VI collagen triple helix containing an alpha3(VI) chain.


negative regulation of proline import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of proline import into cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxybutanoate + 2-oxoglutarate = acetoacetate + (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate.


positive regulation of myofibroblast cell apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myofibroblast cell apoptotic process.


RS domain binding

Binding to an RS domain of a protein; RS domains are usually highly phosphorylated and characterized by the presence of arginine (R)/serine (S) dipeptides. The RS domain promotes protein-protein interactions and directs subcellular localization and, in certain situations, nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of individual SR proteins. They also play a role in splicing.


cyclic-GMP-AMP transmembrane import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of cyclic-GMP-AMP from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


positive regulation of synoviocyte proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synoviocyte proliferation.


positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell proliferation.


positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis.


positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial cell proliferation.


positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in wound healing

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation, contributing to the restoration of integrity to a damaged tissue following an injury.


positive regulation of cholangiocyte proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cholangiocyte proliferation.


positive regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation.


positive regulation of thyroid gland epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid gland epithelial cell proliferation.


positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung bud dilation

Any process that increases the rate or frequency of epithelial cell proliferation that results in the lung bud increasing in size radially.


positive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


positive regulation of acinar cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of acinar cell proliferation.


positive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte proliferation.


positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation.


positive regulation of urothelial cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of urothelial cell proliferation.


positive regulation of lens epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lens epithelial cell proliferation.


positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of epithelial cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time.


positive regulation of granulosa cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of granulosa cell proliferation.


positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis

Any process that increases the rate or frequency of epithelial cell proliferation that results in the lung attaining its shape.


SOSS complex

A protein complex that functions downstream of the MRN complex to promote DNA repair and the G2/M checkpoint. The SOSS complex associates with single-stranded DNA at DNA lesions and is composed of SOSS-B (SOSS-B1/OBFC2B or SOSS-B2/OBFC2A), SOSS-A/INTS3 and SOSS-C/C9orf80.


glucosamine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose), an aminodeoxysugar that occurs in combined form in chitin.


structural constituent of ascospore wall

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of an ascospore wall.


negative regulation of phosphatidylserine biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylserine biosynthetic process.


regulation of phosphatidylserine biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylserine biosynthetic process.


positive regulation of phosphatidylserine biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylserine biosynthetic process.


peptide cross-linking via S-(2-aminovinyl)-D-cysteine

The synthesis of (S,Z)-S-(2-aminovinyl)cysteine forming an intra-polypeptide cross-link between serine and cysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: estradiol-17-alpha + NAD(P)+ = estrone + NAD(P)H + H+.


testosterone dehydrogenase [NAD(P)] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: testosterone + NAD(P)+ = androst-4-ene-3,17-dione + NAD(P)H + H+.


testosterone dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: testosterone + NAD+ = androst-4-ene-3,17-dione + NADH.


postsynaptic density, intracellular component

A network of proteins adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane forming an electron dense disc. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize neurotransmitter receptors in the adjacent membrane, such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components.


postsynaptic specialization, intracellular component

A network of proteins adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane. Its major components include the proteins that spatially and functionally organize neurotransmitter receptors in the adjacent membrane, such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components.


postsynaptic specialization of symmetric synapse, intracellular component

A network of proteins adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of a symmetric synapse. Its major components include that spatially and functionally organize neurotransmitter receptors in the adjacent membrane, such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. This structure is not as thick or electron dense as the postsynaptic density found in asymmetric synapses.


7-methylguanosine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 7-methylguanosine, a modified nucleoside that forms a cap at the 5'-terminus of eukaryotic mRNA.


purine ribonucleoside catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any purine ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


inosine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of inosine, hypoxanthine riboside, a nucleoside found free but not in combination in nucleic acids except in the anticodons of some tRNAs.


xanthosine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xanthosine.


adenosine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of adenosine, adenine riboside, a ribonucleoside found widely distributed in cells of every type as the free nucleoside and in combination in nucleic acids and various nucleoside coenzymes.


guanosine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine, guanine riboside, a nucleoside with a wide species distribution.


guanosine-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanosine-containing compounds (guanosines).


positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in controlling type B pancreatic cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of canonical Wnt signaling pathway modulating the rate or frequency of pancreatic B cell proliferation.


regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in controlling type B pancreatic cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of canonical Wnt signaling pathway modulating the rate or frequency of pancreatic B cell proliferation.


negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in controlling type B pancreatic cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of canonical Wnt signaling pathway modulating the rate or frequency of pancreatic B cell proliferation.


vestibular receptor cell stereocilium organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a stereocilium. A stereocilium is an actin-based protrusion from the apical surface of vestibular hair cells.


neuron projection organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a prolongation or process extending from a neuron, e.g. an axon, or a dendrite.


dendritic spine maintenance

The organization process that preserves a dendritic spine in a stable functional or structural state. A dendritic spine is a specialized protrusion from a neuronal dendrite and is involved in synaptic transmission.


neuron projection maintenance

The organization process that preserves a neuron projection in a stable functional or structural state. A neuron projection is a prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.


neuron projection retraction

The organization process which results in the disassembly (either partial or complete) of constituent parts of a neuron projection. A neuron projection is a prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.


dendritic spine organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a dendritic spine. A dendritic spine is a specialized protrusion from a neuronal dendrite and is involved in synaptic transmission.


negative regulation of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway.


mating type region replication fork barrier binding

Binding to the replication fork barrier found in the mating type region of fission yeast.


nuclear migration to embryo sac poles

Migration of the nuclei of the two-nucleate embryo sac to opposite poles of the cell.


mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase binding

Binding to a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase, a protein that can phosphorylate a MAP kinase kinase kinase.


protein histidine kinase binding

Binding to a protein histidine kinase.


protein serine/threonine kinase binding

Binding to a protein serine/threonine kinase.


3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase binding

Binding to a 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase.


mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 binding

Binding to mitogen-activated protein kinase p38, an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate from ATP to hydroxyl side chains on proteins in response to mitogen activation.


JUN kinase binding

Binding to JUN kinase, an enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation and activation of members of the JUN family.


mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase binding

Binding to a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase, a protein that can phosphorylate a MAP kinase kinase.


protein kinase B binding

Binding to protein kinase B, an intracellular kinase that is important in regulating glucose metabolism.


protein kinase A catalytic subunit binding

Binding to one or both of the catalytic subunits of protein kinase A.


transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase adaptor activity

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase and one or more other molecules, permitting them to function in a coordinated way.


mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase binding

Binding to a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, a protein that can phosphorylate a MAP kinase.


nodal receptor complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a complex containing a type II activin receptor, a type I activin receptor, and a coreceptor of the EGF-CFC family (e.g. Cripto or Cryptic, in mammals).


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = homogentisate + NADP+ + H2O.


pericardial nephrocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a pericardial nephrocyte. A pericardial nephrocyte is an insect renal cell that filters hemolymph and is found with other pericardial nephrocytes in two rows flanking the dorsal vessel. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.


Catalysis of the reaction: glucosaminyl-phosphatidylinositol + fatty acyl-CoA = glucosaminyl-acyl-phasphotidylinositol + CoA.


phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate.


L-serine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-serine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-serine is the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.


negative regulation of aorta morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of aorta morphogenesis.


MAML3-RBP-Jkappa-ICN3 complex

A protein complex that consists of the intracellular domain of Notch3 (ICN3), the DNA-binding transcription factor RBP-Jkappa, and the transcriptional coactivator Mastermind-like-3 (MAML3); the complex is involved in transcriptional activation in response to Notch-mediated signaling.


positive regulation of pseudohyphal growth by positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pseudohyphal growth by activating or increasing the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.


positive regulation of pseudohyphal growth

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pseudohyphal growth.


immune response in nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue

An immune response taking place in the nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT). NALT includes the tonsils and adenoids.


tolerance induction in nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue

Tolerance induction taking place in the nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT).


positive regulation of maltose transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of maltose transport.


positive regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched structures of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units.


negative regulation of postsynaptic membrane organization

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic membrane organization.


regulation of postsynaptic membrane organization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic membrane organization.


negative regulation of AMPA glutamate receptor clustering

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of AMPA glutamate receptor clustering.


positive regulation of AMPA glutamate receptor clustering

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of AMPA glutamate receptor clustering.


positive regulation of postsynaptic membrane organization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic membrane organization.


positive regulation of cellular alcohol catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular alcohol catabolic process.


positive regulation of ethanol catabolic process by positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter and activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an ethanol catabolic process.


positive regulation of ethanol catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ethanol catabolic process.


somatic recombination of immunoglobulin gene segments

The process in which immunoglobulin genes are formed through recombination of the germline genetic elements, as known as immunoglobulin gene segments, within a single locus.


peripheral B cell receptor editing

The process that takes place mainly in germinal center B cells in which a large number of mutations are generated in the heavy chain and light chain V-region genes and their immediately surrounding introns in order to increase antibody diversity and contribute to affinity maturation.


isotype switching to IgE isotypes

The switching of activated B cells from IgM biosynthesis to IgE biosynthesis, accomplished through a recombination process involving an intrachromosomal deletion between switch regions that reside 5' of the IgM and IgE constant region gene segments in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus.


isotype switching

The switching of activated B cells from IgM biosynthesis to biosynthesis of other isotypes of immunoglobulin, accomplished through a recombination process involving an intrachromosomal deletion involving switch regions that reside 5' of each constant region gene segment in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus.


immunoglobulin heavy chain V-D-J recombination

The process in which immunoglobulin heavy chain V, D, and J gene segments are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS).


isotype switching to IgG isotypes

The switching of activated B cells from IgM biosynthesis to biosynthesis of an IgG isotype, accomplished through a recombination process involving an intrachromosomal deletion between switch regions that reside 5' of the IgM and one of the IgG constant region gene segments in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus.


central B cell receptor editing

Receptor editing occurring in B cells in the bone marrow.


immunoglobulin V(D)J recombination

The process in which immunoglobulin gene segments are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS). For immunoglobulin heavy chains V, D, and J gene segments are joined, and for immunoglobulin light chains V and J gene segments are joined.


interleukin-4-dependent isotype switching to IgE isotypes

The switching of activated B cells from IgM biosynthesis to IgE biosynthesis, accomplished through a recombination process involving an intrachromosomal deletion between switch regions that reside 5' of the IgM and IgE constant region gene segments in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus, that is dependent on the activity of interleukin 4 (IL-4).


isotype switching to IgA isotypes

The switching of activated B cells from IgM biosynthesis to biosynthesis of an IgA isotype, accomplished through a recombination process involving an intrachromosomal deletion between switch regions that reside 5' of the IgM and one of the IgA constant region gene segments in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus.


B cell receptor editing

The process of replacing receptors on B cells, in which RAG gene expression allows continued light-chain gene rearrangement and expression of a new light change which combines with the previous heavy chain to form a new receptor.


somatic recombination of immunoglobulin genes involved in immune response

The process in which immunoglobulin genes are formed through recombination of the germline genetic elements, also known as immunoglobulin gene segments, within a single locus following the induction of and contributing to an immune response.


immunoglobulin light chain V-J recombination

The process in which immunoglobulin light chain V and J gene segments are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS).


isotype switching to IgD isotypes

The switching of activated B cells from IgM biosynthesis to IgD biosynthesis, accomplished through a recombination process involving an intrachromosomal deletion between switch regions that reside 5' of the IgM and IgD constant region gene segments in the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus.


RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat S2 kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat (consensus YSPTSPS) = ADP + H+ + RNA polymerase II large subunit phosphoserine (position 2).


RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat (consensus YSPTSPS) = ADP + H+ + phosphorylated RNA polymerase II.


RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat S5 kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat (consensus YSPTSPS) = ADP + H+ + RNA polymerase II large subunit phosphoserine (position 5).


RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat S7 kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat (consensus YSPTSPS) = ADP + H+ + RNA polymerase II large subunit phosphoserine (position 7).


RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat Y1 kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat (consensus YSPTSPS) = ADP + H+ + RNA polymerase II large subunit phosphotyrosine (position 1).


RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat T4 kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat (consensus YSPTSPS) = ADP + H+ + RNA polymerase II large subunit phosphothreonine (position 4).


roof of mouth development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the roof of the mouth from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The roof of the mouth is the partition that separates the nasal and oral cavities.


secondary palate development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the secondary palate from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The secondary palate is the part of the palate formed from the fusion of the two palatine shelves, extensions of the maxillary prominences.


primitive palate development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primitive palate from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure.


primary palate development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a primary palate over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


ligase activity, forming nitrogen-metal bonds

Catalysis of the joining of a metal ion to a molecule via a nitrogen-metal bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.


ligase activity, forming nitrogen-metal bonds, forming coordination complexes

Catalysis of the ligation of two substances via a nitrogen-metal bond, forming a coordination complex.


cobaltochelatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + Co(2+) + H2O + hydrogenobyrinate a,c-diamide = ADP + cob(II)yrinate a,c diamide + 4 H+ + phosphate.


magnesium chelatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + Mg2+ + protoporphyrin IX = ADP + 3 H+ + Mg-protoporphyrin IX + phosphate.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose.


TRAM-dependent toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a toll-like receptor 4 where the TRAM adaptor mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like 4 receptors are pattern recognition receptors that bind bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to initiate an innate immune response.


toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to the endolysosomal toll-like receptor 7.


toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to the endolysosomal toll-like receptor 8.


B cell receptor apoptotic signaling pathway

An extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell.


Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis

An Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway that contributes to the endocytic engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes.


innate immune response activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a cell surface receptor that leads to the activation of an innate immune response.


TRAM-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a toll-like receptor where the TRAM adaptor mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate an innate immune response.


toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to the endolysosomal toll-like receptor 12.


endosomal pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand to an intracellular vesicle pattern recognition receptor (PRR). PRRs bind pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs), structures conserved among microbial species.


toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 5.


peptidoglycan recognition protein signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of peptidoglycan to a receptor and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process. The main outcome of the Imd signaling is the production of antimicrobial peptides.


toll-like receptor 15 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 15.


TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a toll-like 4 receptor where the TRIF adaptor mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like 4 receptors are pattern recognition receptors that bind bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to initiate an innate immune response.


endolysosomal toll-like receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to an endolysosomal pattern recognition receptor (PRR) of the toll-like family. PRRs bind pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs), structures conserved among microbial species.


induced systemic resistance, ethylene mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals mediated by ethylene (ethene) involved in induced systemic resistance.


toll-like receptor TLR6:TLR2 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding of a heterodimeric TLR6:TLR2 complex, followed by transmission of the signal by the activated receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand (such as a bacterial peptidoglycan) to a cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) protein receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process.


toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 10.


Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a the binding of the Fc portion of an immunoglobulin by an Fc receptor capable of activating or perpetuating an immune response. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region.


TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a toll-like receptor where the TRIF adaptor mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate an innate immune response.


MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a toll-like 4 receptor, where the MyD88 adaptor molecule mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like 4 receptors bind bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to initiate an innate immune response.


stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of C-type lectin to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and resulting in cellular activation.


TIRAP-dependent toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a toll-like receptor 4 where the TIRAP/MAL adaptor mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like 4 receptors are pattern recognition receptors that bind bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to initiate an innate immune response.


RIG-I signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding ssRNA or dsRNA from another organism to the cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor (PRR) RIG-1 (also known as DDX58). RIG-I detects RNA synthesized during viral replication or shed by non-viral pathogens, and triggers a signaling pathway to protect the host against infection, for example by inducing the expression of cytokines.


toll-like receptor TLR1:TLR2 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding of a heterodimeric TLR1:TLR2 complex, followed by transmission of the signal by the activated receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand (such as a bacterial peptidoglycan) to a cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 (NOD1) protein receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process.


complement activation, lectin pathway

Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the lectin pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes and the regulation of other immune processes.


nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand (such as a bacterial peptidoglycan) to a cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing (NOD) protein receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process.


TIRAP-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a toll-like receptor where the TIRAP/MAL adaptor mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate an innate immune response.


complement activation, classical pathway

Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the classical pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes.


toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to the endolysosomal toll-like receptor 3.


induced systemic resistance, jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals mediated by jasmonic acid involved in induced systemic resistance.


complement receptor mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a component of the complement pathway binding to a complement receptor. Such components include both whole complement proteins and fragments of complement proteins generated through the activity of the complement pathway.


toll-like receptor 21 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 21.


toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to the endolysosomal toll-like receptor 11.


pathogen-associated molecular pattern receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding of a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) to activate a plant innate immune response. PAMP-triggered immunity PRRs bind pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs), structures conserved among microbial species.


cell surface pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a cell surface pattern recognition receptor (PRR). PRRs bind pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs), structures conserved among microbial species.


MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a toll-like 2 receptor where the MyD88 adaptor molecule mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like 2 receptors are pattern recognition receptors that bind microbial pattern motifs to initiate an innate immune response.


MDA-5 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of dsRNA from another organism to the cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor (PRR) MDA-5 (also known as IFIH1). MDA-5 detects RNA synthesized during viral replication or shed by non-viral pathogens, and triggers a signaling pathway to protect the host against infection, for example by inducing the expression of cytokines.


MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway

A toll-like receptor signaling pathway in which the MyD88 adaptor molecule mediates transduction of the signal. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate an innate immune response.


toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to the endolysosomal toll-like receptor 9.


cGAS/STING signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a double-stranded DNA or RNA from another organism to cytosolic cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) that activates innate immune responses through production of the second messenger cGAMP, which activates the adaptor STING.


activation of membrane attack complex

The activation of the membrane attack complex components of the complement cascade which can result in death of a target cell through cytolysis.


toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 2.


complement component C5a signaling pathway

A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a C5a component of the complement pathway binding to a complement receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process. C5a is a peptide derived from the C5 complement factor.


MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway

A toll-like receptor signaling pathway not relying on the MyD88 adaptor molecule. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate innate an immune response.


toll-like receptor 13 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to the endolysosomal toll-like receptor 13.


toll-like receptor 1 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 1.


complement activation, alternative pathway

Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the alternative pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes and the regulation of other immune processes.


positive regulation of mast cell activation by Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway

An Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway that results in the change in morphology and behavior of a mast cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the mast cell has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors.


toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to toll-like receptor 6.


cell surface toll-like receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a cell surface pattern recognition receptor (PRR) of the toll-like family.


stimulatory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor capable of cellular activation.


mannose binding

Binding to mannose, a monosaccharide hexose, stereoisomeric with glucose, that occurs naturally only in polymerized forms called mannans.


cardiac blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a blood vessel endothelial cell of the heart. Blood vessel endothelial cells are thin flattened cells that line the inside surfaces of blood vessels.


blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a blood vessel endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell that lines the inside surfaces of blood vessels.


arterial endothelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized endothelial cell acquires specialized features of an arterial endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell that lines the inside surfaces of arteries.


venous endothelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized endothelial cell acquires specialized features of a venous endothelial cell, a thin flattened cell that lines the inside surfaces of veins.


negative regulation of pre-miRNA processing

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pre-microRNA processing.


allene oxide synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 13(S)-hydroperoxylinolenate = 12,13(S)-epoxylinolenate + H2O.


hemidesmosome

A cell-substrate junction (attachment structure) found in epithelial cells that links intermediate filaments to extracellular matrices via transmembrane complexes. In vertebrates, hemidesmosomes mediate contact between the basal side of epithelial cells and the basal lamina. In C. elegans, hemidesmosomes connect epithelial cells to distinct extracellular matrices on both the apical and basal cell surfaces.


gap junction

A cell-cell junction composed of pannexins or innexins and connexins, two different families of channel-forming proteins.


paranodal junction

A highly specialized cell-cell junction found in vertebrates, which forms between a neuron and a glial cell, and has structural similarity to Drosophila septate junctions. It flanks the node of Ranvier in myelinated nerve and electrically isolates the myelinated from unmyelinated nerve segments and physically separates the voltage-gated sodium channels at the node from the cluster of potassium channels underneath the myelin sheath.


apical ectoplasmic specialization

Testis-specific junction between mature spermatids and Sertoli cells at the luminal end of the Sertoli cell.


tricellular tight junction

An specialized occluding junction where three epithelial cells meet. It is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that run perpendicularly to the bicellular tight junction at the point of contact between three epithelial cells in an epithelial sheet.


primary plasmodesma

A plasmodesma that consists of a simple, single channel; found predominantly in young tissue and formed as a function of cell plate formation during cytokinesis.


nephrocyte diaphragm

A specialized cell-cell junction found between nephrocytes of the insect kidney, which is adapted for filtration of hemolymph. The insect nephrocyte is anatomically and functionally similar to the glomerular podocyte of vertebrates.


muscle tendon junction

A cell-substrate junction found at the terminal anchorage site of skeletal muscle cells to tendons.


intercellular canaliculus

An extremely narrow tubular channel located between adjacent cells. An instance of this is the secretory canaliculi occurring between adjacent parietal cells in the gastric mucosa of vertebrates.


fascia adherens

A cell-cell junction that contains the transmembrane protein N-cadherin, which interacts with identical molecules from neighbouring cells to form a tight mechanical intercellular link; forms a large portion of the intercalated disc, the structure at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes.


host-symbiont bicellular tight junction

An occluding cell-cell junction formed between the membranes of the apical end of an invading cell (e.g. a merozoite in Plasmodium) and a host target cell (e.g. erythrocyte for Plasmodium infection). The junction is a stable yet dynamic structure that moves around the symbiont cell during invasion, enclosing it in a vacuole surrounded by a membrane.


peg and socket contact

A cell-cell contact zone that consists of membrane invaginations extending from either cell, which contain tight-, gap-, and adherens junctions. Peg and socket contacts form between endothelial cells and pericytes, and between lens fiber cells.


spot adherens junction

A small cell-cell adherens junction assembled during the cellularization stage of insect embyrogenesis; spot adherens junctions later fuse to form the zonula adherens.


desmosome

A cell-cell junction in which: on the cytoplasmic surface of each interacting plasma membrane is a dense plaque composed of a mixture of intracellular anchor proteins; a bundle of keratin intermediate filaments is attached to the surface of each plaque; transmembrane adhesion proteins of the cadherin family bind to the plaques and interact through their extracellular domains to hold the adjacent membranes together by a Ca2+-dependent mechanism.


filtration diaphragm

A specialized cell-cell junction found between the cells of the excretory system, which provides a barrier for filtration of blood or hemolymph.


smooth septate junction

A septate junction that lacks the regular arrays of electron-dense septae found in pleated septate junctions.


septate junction

A cell-cell junction that forms a continuous band around each cell in an epithelium; within the septate junction the membranes of adjacent cells maintain a constant distance of approximately 15 nm; found in arthropods.


zonula adherens

A cell-cell adherens junction which forms a continuous belt near the apex of epithelial cells.


secondary plasmodesma

A plasmodesma with a branched structure, often with many channels leading into a larger central cavity; found in older tissues and usually derived from preexisting primary plasmodesmata.


pleated septate junction

A septate junction in which regular arrays of electron-dense septae span the intermembrane space.


basal ectoplasmic specialization

Testis-specific junction between mature Sertoli cells involved in establishing the blood-testis barrier of the Sertoli cell.


slit diaphragm

A specialized cell-cell junction found between the interdigitating foot processes of the glomerular epithelium (the podocytes) in the vertebrate kidney, which is adapted for facilitating glomerular filtration.


puncta adhaerentia

A small version of the zonula adherens type junction, characterized by a symmetrical adherent point between two cells.


plasmodesma

A fine cytoplasmic channel, found in all higher plants, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell.


flagellum attachment zone

A network of cytoskeletal and membranous connections responsible for the lateral attachment of the cilium to the cell body in some trypanosomatid species.


caffeate 3,4-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trans-caffeate + O2 = 3-(2-carboxyethenyl)-cis,cis-muconate + 2 H+.


angiogenic sprout fusion

The connection of an angiogenic sprout to another vessel or sprout during the formation of vascular networks by sprouting angiogenesis.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-2H-pyran-4,6-dicarboxylate + H2O = 4-carboxy-2-hydroxyhexa-2,4-dienedioate + H+.


Other Anatomic Concept

biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent


intestinal villus

biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The tiny hair-like projections that protrude from the inside of the small intestine that contain blood vessels that capture digested nutrients that are absorbed through the intestinal wall; the villi increase the absorptive surface area of the small intestine by approximately 30-fold.


mesenchymal stem cell maintenance involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

The process in which an organism retains a population of mesenchymal stem cells that contributes to the shaping of a nephron in the metanephros. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells.


somatic stem cell population maintenance

Any process by which an organism retains a population of somatic stem cells, undifferentiated cells in the embryo or adult which can undergo unlimited division and give rise to cell types of the body other than those of the germ-line.


mesenchymal stem cell maintenance involved in mesonephric nephron morphogenesis

The process in which an organism retains a population of mesenchymal stem cells that contributes to the shaping of a nephron in the mesonephros. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells.


skeletal muscle satellite stem cell maintenance involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

Any process by which the number of skeletal muscle satellite stem cells in a skeletal muscle is maintained during skeletal muscle regeneration. There are at least two mechanisms by which this is achieved. Skeletal muscle satellite stem cell asymmetric division ensures satellite stem cell numbers are kept constant. Symmetric division of these cells amplifies the number of skeletal muscle satellite stem cells.


mesenchymal stem cell maintenance involved in nephron morphogenesis

The process in which an organism retains a population of mesenchymal stem cells that contributes to the shaping of a nephron. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells.


regulation of trans-synaptic signaling by BDNF, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trans-synaptic signaling by BDNF, modulating synaptic transmission.


(S)-citramalyl-CoA lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = acetyl-CoA + pyruvate.


host-seeking behavior

The specific behavior of an organism that are associated with finding a host organism; may include behavioral responses to light, temperature, or chemical emanations from the prospective host.


post-embryonic ectodermal digestive tract development

The process, occurring during the post-embryonic phase, whose specific outcome is the progression of the ectodermal gut over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


post-embryonic animal organ development

Development, taking place during the post-embryonic phase of an animal tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.


post-embryonic camera-type eye development

The process occurring during the post-embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the camera-type eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


larval lymph gland hemopoiesis

The production of blood cells from the larval lymph gland. The lymph gland consists of three to six bilaterally paired lobes that are attached to the cardioblasts during larval stages, and it degenerates during pupal stages.


larval fat body development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the larval fat body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The larval fat body consists of a bilaterally symmetrical monolayer of cells lying between the gut and the muscles of the body wall. As in other tissues of the larva, the cells of the fat body complete their divisions in the embryo and increase in size and ploidy during larval life.


post-embryonic hemopoiesis

The stages of blood cell formation that take place after completion of embryonic development.


larval somatic muscle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the larval somatic muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


vulval development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the egg-laying organ of female and hermaphrodite nematodes over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In nematodes, the vulva is formed from ventral epidermal cells during larval stages to give rise to a fully formed vulva in the adult.


larval visceral muscle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the larval visceral muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


larval heart development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the larval heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In Drosophila the larval heart (dorsal vessel) is a continuous tube of mesodormal cells that runs beneath the dorsal midline of the epidermis, divided into an anterior aorta and a posterior heart proper.


RNA polymerase V complex

RNA polymerase V is a multisubunit RNA polymerase complex found in the nucleus of plants and involved in accumulation of siRNAs and in DNA methylation-dependent silencing of endogenous repeated sequences. Pol V is composed of subunits that are paralogous or identical to the 12 subunits of Pol II. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The second largest subunit is also found in RNA polymerase IVa, while the largest subunit is found only in the IVa complex and contains an extended C-terminal domain (CTD) that includes multiple repeats of a 16 amino-acid consensus sequence as well as other sequences. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits.


ABC-type molybdate transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + molybdate(out) = ADP + phosphate + molybdate(in).


molybdate ion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of molybdate (MoO4 2-) ions from one side of a membrane to the other. Molybdate is the bivalent anion derived from molybdic acid.


prostaglandin binding

Binding to prostaglandin.


spermidine import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of spermidine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


icosanoid transport

The directed movement of icosanoids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Icosanoids are unsaturated C20 fatty acids and skeletally related compounds.


folic acid transport

The directed movement of folic acid (pteroylglutamic acid) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Folic acid is widely distributed as a member of the vitamin B complex and is essential for the synthesis of purine and pyrimidines.


oligosaccharide transport

The directed movement of oligosaccharides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oligosaccharides are molecules with between two and (about) 20 monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages.


cortisol secretion

The regulated release of cortisol, a steroid hormone that in humans is the major circulating hormone of the cortex, or outer layer, of the adrenal gland.


(+)-abscisic acid D-glucopyranosyl ester transmembrane transport

The process in which (+)-abscisic acid D-glucopyranosyl este is transported across a membrane.


L-valine transmembrane transport

The directed movement of L-valine across a membrane.


glutathione transport

The directed movement of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


neurotransmitter receptor transport postsynaptic membrane to endosome

Vesicle-mediated transport of a neurotransmitter receptor complex from the postsynaptic membrane to the postsynaptic early endosome.


ceramide transport

The directed movement of ceramides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Ceramides are a class of lipid composed of sphingosine linked to a fatty acid.


acyl carnitine transport

The directed movement of acyl carnitine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Acyl carnitine is the condensation product of a carboxylic acid and carnitine and is the transport form for a fatty acid crossing the mitochondrial membrane.


intestinal phytosterol absorption

Any process in which phytosterols are taken up from the contents of the intestine.


extracellular amino acid transport

The directed extracellular movement of amino acids.


maltodextrin transmembrane transport

The directed movement of maltodextrin, any polysaccharide of glucose residues in beta-(1,4) linkage, across a membrane.


anterograde axonal transport of mitochondrion

The directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in axons away from the cell body and towards the presynapse.


pantothenate import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of pantothenate from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


siderophore transmembrane transport

The directed movement of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances, from one side of a membrane to the other, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


zinc ion import into zymogen granule

The directed import of zinc(2+) from the cytosol, across an organelle membrane, into a zymogen granule.


nicotinamide mononucleotide transport

The directed movement of nicotinamide mononucleotide into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Nicotinamide mononucleotide is a ribonucleotide in which the nitrogenous base, nicotinamide, is in beta-n-glycosidic linkage with the c-1 position of D-ribose. It is a constituent of NAD and NADP.


mitochondrial manganese ion transmembrane transport

The process in which a manganese ion is transported across a mitochondrial membrane, into or out of the mitochondrion.


The regulated release of norepinephrine by a cell, in which the norepinephrine acts as a neurotransmitter.


MAPK phosphatase export from nucleus, leptomycin B sensitive

Leptomycin B-sensitive movement of a MAPK phosphatase from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.


fructose import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of fructose substance from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


hydrogen peroxide transmembrane transport

The process in which hydrogen peroxide is transported across a membrane.


neurotransmitter reuptake

The directed movement of neurotransmitter molecules from the extrasynaptic space into the presynaptic cytosol.


glutamine transport

The directed movement of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


taurine transport

The directed movement of taurine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


exocytic insertion of neurotransmitter receptor to postsynaptic membrane

The exocytic fusion of neurotransmitter receptor containing vesicles with the postsynaptic membrane resulting in the integration of NT receptors, enabling them to participate in neurotransmitter reception. This process includes tethering and docking steps that prepare vesicles for fusion.


dendritic transport of mitochondrion

The directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in nerve cell dendrites.


A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in extracellular vesicles between cells; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the extracellular vesicle membrane.


actin filament-based transport

The transport of organelles or other particles from one location in the cell to another along actin filaments.


leukotriene transport

The directed movement of leukotrienes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Leukotrienes are linear C20 endogenous metabolites of arachidonic acid (icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid) containing a terminal carboxy function and four or more double bonds (three or more of which are conjugated) as well as other functional groups.


milk ejection reflex

A reflex that occurs in response to suckling, beginning with a nerve impulse from a receptor in the mammary gland and ending with the ejection of milk from the gland. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness.


glycine import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of glycine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


G protein-coupled receptor internalization

The process that results in the uptake of a G protein-coupled receptor into an endocytic vesicle.


octopamine secretion

The controlled release of octopamine by a cell.


spermidine transmembrane transport

The process in which spermidine is transported across a membrane.


thiamine import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of thiamine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


L-arginine transmembrane import into vacuole

The directed movement of L-arginine into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane.


UDP-galactose transmembrane import into Golgi lumen

The directed movement of UDP-galactose into the Golgi lumen across the Golgi membrane.


positive regulation of signal transduction by receptor internalization

Any process in which the internalization of a signaling receptor activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction. Receptor internalization can enhance signaling by concentrating signaling molecules in one location, or by moving a ligand-activated receptor to the location of downstream signaling proteins. Endosomes for example can serve as important intracellular signaling platforms.


B cell receptor transport into immunological synapse

The directed movement of a B cell receptor into an immunological synapse.


methylammonium transmembrane transport

The process in which methylammonium is transported across a membrane.


arabinotriose transport

The directed movement of an arabinotrioseacetate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


cGMP transport

The directed movement of cyclic GMP (cGMP), into, out of or within a cell.


energy coupled proton transmembrane transport, against electrochemical gradient

The transport of protons across a membrane and against an electrochemical gradient, using energy from a source such as ATP hydrolysis, light, or electron transport.


The regulated release of acetylcholine by a cell. The acetylcholine acts as a neurotransmitter that acts in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS).


protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane involved in apoptotic signaling pathway

The process in which a protein is incorporated into a mitochondrial membrane as the initial phase of the mitochondrial membrane permeabilization that takes place in the apoptotic signaling pathway.


epinephrine transport

The directed movement of epinephrine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


natural killer cell degranulation

The regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as perforin and granzymes by a natural killer cell.


nuclear migration involved in conjugation with mutual genetic exchange

The net movement of nuclei towards one another, leading to the bilateral transfer of genetic material in organisms undergoing conjugation without cellular fusion.


follicle-stimulating hormone secretion

The regulated release of follicle-stimulating hormone, a gonadotropic glycoprotein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary.


L-histidine transmembrane export from vacuole

The directed movement of L-histidine out of the vacuole, across the vacuolar membrane.


xenobiotic transport across blood-nerve barrier

The directed movement of a xenobiotic through the blood-nerve barrier.


guanine nucleotide transmembrane transport

The process in which a guanyl nucleotide is transported across a membrane.


choline transport

The directed movement of choline into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.


glutamine secretion

The controlled release of glutamine by a cell.


positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway by insulin receptor internalization

Any process in which internalization of an insulin receptor activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the insulin receptor signaling pathway. Endocytosis of activated receptors can concentrate receptors within endosomes and allow the insulin receptor to phosphorylate substrates that are spatially distinct from those accessible at the plasma membrane.


aminophospholipid translocation

The movement of an aminophospholipid molecule from one leaflet of a membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet.


L-glutamate import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of L-glutamate from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


ceramide translocation

The movement of a ceramide molecule from one leaflet of a membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet.


methionine transport

The directed movement of methionine, 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


vesicle cargo loading

The formation of a macromolecular complex between the coat proteins and proteins and/or lipoproteins that are going to be transported by a vesicle.


protein transport along microtubule to mitotic spindle pole body

The directed movement of a protein along a microtubule to the mitotic spindle pole body, mediated by motor proteins.