xanthine oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: xanthine + H2O + O2 = urate + hydrogen peroxide.


negative regulation of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis.


phenylcoumaran benzylic ether reductase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the NADPH-dependent 7-O-4' reduction of phenylcoumaran lignans to the corresponding diphenols; for example, catalysis of the reaction: dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol + NADPH + H+ = isodihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol + NADP+.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-D-glucosamine phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + D-glucosamine(out) = protein histidine + glucosamine-6-phosphate(in).


insulin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving insulin.


mating type determination

Any process that establishes and transmits the specification of mating type upon an individual. Mating types are the equivalent in microorganisms of the sexes in higher organisms.


basophil activation involved in immune response

A change in morphology and behavior of a basophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the basophil has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


angioblast cell migration involved in selective angioblast sprouting

The directional migration of angioblast cells as part of selective angioblast sprouting, which results in angioblast segregation into arterial and venous populations.


semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a semaphorin receptor (composed of a plexin and a neurophilin) binding to a semaphorin ligand that contributes to outflow tract morphogenesis.


otolith morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of an otolith are generated and organized.


germ-line stem-cell niche homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state within the germ-line stem-cell niche. This includes control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function that allows the niche to continue to function. A gem-line stem-cell niche is an anatomical structure that regulates how germ-line stem-cells are used and saves them from depletion.


formation of cytoplasmic translation initiation complex

Joining of the large ribosomal subunit with the translation preinitiation complex, with release of IF2/eIF2 and IF3/eIF3 or IF5B/eIF5B. This leaves the functional ribosome at the AUG, with the methionyl/formyl-methionyl-tRNA positioned at the P site.


arginine catabolic process to glutamate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including glutamate.


cysteinyl leukotriene receptor activity

Combining with a cysteinyl leukotriene to initiate a change in cell activity. Cysteinyl leukotrienes are leukotrienes that contain a peptide group based on cysteine.


plant organ development

Development of a plant organ, a multi-tissue plant structure that forms a functional unit.


negative regulation of voltage-gated sodium channel activity in another organism

Any process in which an organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a voltage-gated sodium channel in another organism.


plant epidermal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a plant epidermal cell.


detection of gravity

The series of events in which a gravitational stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


response to pheromone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus.


L-cysteine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, i.e. (2R)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.


negative regulation of D-aspartate import across plasma membrane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed import of D-aspartate from the extracellular region across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


positive regulation of embryonic camera-type eye development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic camera-type eye development.


protein flavinylation

The addition of a flavin group to a protein amino acid.


pyridine-3,4-diol dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pryidine-3,4-diol + O2 = 3-(N-formyl)-formiminopyruvate.


induction by symbiont of defense-related host reactive oxygen species production

The activation by a symbiont of the production of reactive oxygen species as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


dermatan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dermatan sulfate proteoglycan, any glycoprotein whose glycosaminoglycan units are dermatan sulfate (chondroitin sulfate B). Dermatan sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan with repeats consisting of beta-(1,4)-linked L-iduronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate units.


queuosine nucleosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a N-D-queuosine + H2O = queuine + D-ribose.


replacement ossification

Ossification that requires the replacement of a preexisting tissue prior to bone tissue formation.


emericellamide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of emericellamide.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidyl-N-monomethylethanolamine (PMME), a derivative of phosphatidylethanolamine with a methylated amine group. Present in trace levels in plants and slightly higher in bacteria.


Binding to the amine 1-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-amine, a serotonin receptor agonist that can act as a psychedelic drug.


negative regulation of mesodermal cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesodermal cell differentiation.


carotenoid dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the oxidative cleavage of carotenoids.


inositol diphosphate tetrakisphosphate diphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: diphospho-1D-myo-inositol tetrakisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol pentakisphosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: anhydrotetracycline + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 12-dehydrotetracycline + H2O + NADP+.


positive regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium concentration

Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the presynaptic cytosol.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)-hexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O <=> 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + 2-oxopent-4-enoate + H+.


oleate 12-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: oleoyl-CoA + NADH + O2 + H+ = ricinoleyl-CoA + NAD + H2O.


auxin influx transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of auxin, from one side of a membrane to the other, into a cell.


positive regulation of chemotaxis to arachidonic acid

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chemotaxis to arachidonic acid.


proteasome storage granule assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a proteasome storage granule.


rhombomere 3 structural organization

The process that contributes to creating the structural organization of rhombomere 3. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order.


natriuretic peptide receptor activity

Combining with a natriuretic peptide and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.


cellular response to methyl methanesulfonate

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) stimulus.


TMP biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of TMP, ribosylthymine monophosphate.


aspartic-type peptidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile.


anaerobic lactate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactate (2-hydroxypropanoic acid) in the absence of oxygen.


N-sulfoglucosamine-3-sulfatase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the 3-sulfate groups of the N-sulfo-D-glucosamine 3-O-sulfate units of heparin.


learned vocalization behavior

A vocalization behavior that is the result of learning.


vasoconstriction

A decrease in the diameter of blood vessels, especially arteries, due to constriction of smooth muscle cells that line the vessels, and usually causing an increase in blood pressure.


adenosyl-fluoride synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + fluoride = 5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine + L-methionine.


aminoimidazolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction:4-aminoimidazole + H20 = imidazol-4-one + NH3.


positive regulation of galactotriose transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of galactotriose transport.


NAD+-histone H2BE2 glutamate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of ADP-ribose groups to the glutamate-2 residue of the N-terminal tail of histone H2B (or an equivalent residue).


voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in bundle of His cell action potential

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of a bundle of His cardiac muscle cell contributing to the depolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


midbrain-hindbrain boundary development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages.


monounsaturated fatty acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving monounsaturated fatty acid.


positive regulation of arbuscule formation for nutrient acquisition from host

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont arbuscule formation for nutrient acquisition from host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


ammonia monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the oxidation of alkanes (up to C8) to alcohols and alkenes (up to C5) to epoxides and alcohols in the presence of ammonium ions.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3,6-trihydroxyisonicotinate = 2,3,6-trihydroxypyridine + CO2.


gramicidin S biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gramicidin S.


Catalysis of the reaction: Ser-tRNA(Sec) + ATP = Sep-tRNA(Sec) + ADP.


G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G protein-coupled serotonin receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


(+)-sabinol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-cis-sabinol + NAD+ = (1S,5S)-sabinone + H+ + NADH.


pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


positive regulation of TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway.


positive regulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytotoxic T cell differentiation.


extracellular matrix organization involved in endocardium development

A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an extracellular matrix of the endocardium. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.


nitrogenous compound fermentation

The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nitrogen-containing compound, yielding energy in the form of ATP.


protein localization to microvillus membrane

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a microvillus membrane.


positive regulation of glomerular filtration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular filtration. Glomerular filtration is the processs whereby blood is filtered by the glomerulus into the renal tubule.


protein-lipid complex disassembly

The disaggregation of a protein-lipid complex into its constituent components.


sucrose phosphorylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sucrose + phosphate = D-fructose + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate.


ovarian follicle rupture

Disruption of theca cell layer releasing follicular fluid and/or the oocyte.


odontoblast differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell of neural crest origin acquires the specialized features of an odontoblast, a cell on the outer surface of the dental pulp whose biological function is the creation of dentin.


regulation of planar cell polarity pathway involved in cardiac right atrium morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of planar cell polarity pathway involved in cardiac right atrium morphogenesis.


chitin-based cuticle sclerotization

The process of hardening of a chitin-based cuticle.


macromolecule deacylation

The removal of an acyl group, any group or radical of the form RCO- where R is an organic group, from a macromolecule.


NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex binding

Binding to a NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex.


glycoside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.


negative regulation of gluconate transmembrane transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of gluconate across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


fibroblast activation

A change in the morphology or behavior of a fibroblast resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.


regulation of planar cell polarity pathway involved in pericardium morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of planar cell polarity pathway involved in pericardium morphogenesis.


bicyclogermacrene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving bicyclogermacrene.


establishment of planar polarity involved in neural tube closure

Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium that contributes to the closure of the neural tube.


palmitoleoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a palmitoleyl group, a 16-carbon monounsaturated fatty acid (C16:1), to an acceptor molecule.


arachidonate 8(R)-lipoxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8R,9E,11Z,14Z)-8-hydroperoxyicosa-5,9,11,14-tetraenoate.


regulation of arginase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of arginase activity.


skeletal muscle hypertrophy

The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of an organ due to an increase in size (not length) of individual muscle fibers without cell division. In the case of skeletal muscle cells this happens due to the additional synthesis of sarcomeric proteins and assembly of myofibrils.


modification by symbiont of host cell-cell junction

The process in which a symbiont organism effects a change in the structure or function of its host intercellular junction, a specialized region of connection between two cells. Intercellular junction include tight junctions and adherens junctions.


cell surface adhesin-mediated gliding motility

Cell gliding that results from the actions of cell surface adhesin proteins that are propelled by membrane motor proteins.


Catalysis of the reaction: androsta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione + NADH + H+ + O2 = 9alpha-hydroxyandrosta-1,4-diene-3,17-dione + NAD+ + H2O.


(1->3),(1->4)-beta-glucan binding

Binding to (1->3),(1->4)-beta-glucan.


positive regulation of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis.


negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the proliferation of neuroblasts.


21U-RNA metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 21U-RNAs, a class of single-stranded RNA molecules of about 21 nucleotides in length characterized by a uridine 5'-monophosphate and a modified 3' end resistant to periodate degradation. 21U-RNAs are derived from distinct, autonomously expressed loci within the genome.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-methyl-2-oxoglutaramate + H2O = 2-oxoglutarate + methylammonium.


NAD-dependent protein depalmitoylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N6-octadecanoyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + NAD+ + H2O = octadecanoyl-ADP-D-ribose + L-lysyl-[protein] + nicotinamide.


entrainment of circadian clock

The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to environmental time cues such as light.


queuosine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of queuosines, a series of nucleosides found in tRNA and having an additional pentenyl ring added via an NH group to the methyl group of 7-methylguanosine. The pentenyl ring may carry other substituents.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: phosphate(out) + H+(out) = phosphate(in) + H+(in).


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + glycoprotein-alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,2)-D-galactose = UDP + glycoprotein-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl-(1,3)-(alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,2))-D-galactose.


quiescent center organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the quiescent center. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure.


response to host

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of the symbiont or its cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting molecules of its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


leucoplast organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a leucoplast. A leucoplast is a colorless plastid involved in the synthesis of monoterpenes.


centromere-nuclear envelope anchor activity

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together the centromeric region of a chromosome and the inner nuclear membrane by interacting with both the centromere/kinetochore complex and the nuclear membrane, in order to establish and maintain the centromere/kinetochore location.


alpha-humulene 10-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> 10-hydroxy-alpha-humulene + NADP + H2O.


positive regulation of myotube differentiation

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myotube differentiation. Myotube differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse.


bundle of His cell to Purkinje myocyte signaling

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a bundle of His cardiomyocyte to a Purkinje myocyte.


renal response to blood flow involved in circulatory renin-angiotensin regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

The physiological response of the kidneys to a decrease in blood flow.


glycerol dehydrogenase [NAD+] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycerol + NAD+ = glycerone + H+ + NADH.


positive regulation of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to starvation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to starvation.


slow muscle cell migration

The orderly movement of a slow muscle cell from one site to another.


oleate hydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-10-hydroxystearate = H2O + oleate.


peptidyl-L-glutamyl 5-glycerylphosphorylethanolamine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-glutamic acid

The modification of peptidyl-glutamic acid residues by the covalent attachment of ethanolamine, itself further modified by the addition of a phosphoglycerol unit.


enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADPH, A-specific) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NADP+ = trans-D2-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NADPH + H+.


aryl-aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = an aromatic acid + NADH + H+.


negative regulation of retrograde axon cargo transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde axon cargo transport.


regulation of maltotetraose transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of maltotetraose transport.


Catalysis of the reaction: delphinidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside-5-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + caffeoyl-CoA <=> delphinidin 3-O-glucosyl-5-O-caffeoylglucoside + coenzyme A.


negative regulation of zinc ion transmembrane transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of zinc ions (Zn2+) from one side of a membrane to the other.


snRNA methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from a donor to a nucleoside residue in an snRNA molecule.


negative regulation of single-species biofilm formation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of single-species biofilm formation.


stigma development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stigma over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The stigma is the pollen-receptive surface of a carpel or group of fused carpels, usually sticky.


telomere maintenance via recombination

Any recombinational process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length.


neuron migration involved in retrograde extension

The directed, self-propelled movement of a neuron that contributes to the process of retrograde extension.


selenide, water dikinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + hydrogen selenide = AMP + 3 H+ + phosphate + selenophosphorate.


response to amylopectin

A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of amylopectin stimulus.


norepinephrine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of norepinephrine, a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla, and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts in the central nervous system. It is also the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine.


heat acclimation

Any process that increases heat tolerance of an organism in response to high temperatures.


positive regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of small intestine smooth muscle contraction.


UFM1 ligase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of UFM1 to a substrate protein via the reaction X-UFM1 + S = X + S-UFM1, where X is either an E2 or E3 enzyme, the X-UFM1 linkage is a thioester bond, and the S-UFM1 linkage is an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal amino acid of UFM1 and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in the substrate.


positive regulation of myofibroblast contraction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myofibroblast contraction.


negative regulation of artery smooth muscle contraction

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of artery smooth muscle contraction.


nerve maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a nerve to attain its fully functional state.


ribosome assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the mature ribosome and of its subunits.


regulation of growth plate cartilage chondrocyte differentiation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte that will contribute to the growth of a bone. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage.


negative regulation of tongue muscle cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tongue muscle cell differentiation.


apolysis

The first process of molting, characterized by the detachment of the old cuticle from the underlying epidermal cells.


regulation of cellotriose transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellotriose transport.


protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum exit site

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location at an endoplasmic reticulum exit site.


orlandin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving orlandin.


positive regulation of synaptic vesicle lumen acidification

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle lumen acidification.


extracellular matrix constituent, lubricant activity

Functions as a lubricant for an extracellular matrix, such as a mucous membrane.


aerobic benzoate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving benzoate, the anion of benzoic acid (benzenecarboxylic acid) that occur in the presence of oxygen.


negative regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances between the cytoplasm and the nucleus.


gibberellin A12,oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A12 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 <=> gibberellin A14 + succinate + carbon dioxide.


vestibular receptor cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a vestibular hair cell.


mammillothalamic axonal tract development

The progression of the mammillothalamic axonal tract, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammillothalamic tract is the collection of axons that connects the two major subdivisions of the diencephalon (hypothalamus and thalamus) and closes the diencephalic circuit.


response to insect

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from an insect.


substrate-independent telencephalic tangential interneuron migration

The directional movement of tangentially migrating interneurons that are not guided by attaching to extracellular substrates.


xylene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylene, a mixture of three colorless, aromatic hydrocarbon liquids, ortho-, meta- and para-xylene.


inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive calcium-release channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


positive regulation of cortisol secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of cortisol from a cell.


nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion

The chemical reactions and pathways by which a nucleobase, nucleoside or nucleotide small molecule is synthesized from another nucleobase, nucleoside or nucleotide small molecule.


glutamate synthase (ferredoxin) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+. This is a two-step reaction: (a) L-glutamate + NH3 = L-glutamine + H2O, (b) L-glutamate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin + H2O = NH3 + 2-oxoglutarate + 2 reduced ferredoxin + 2 H+.


2,4,6-trinitrotoluene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid. It is prepared from toluene treated with concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids and is used in shells, bombs, and blasting explosives.


phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis from phosphoryl-ethanolamine via CDP-N-methylethanolamine

The phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process that begins with an initial N-methylation with phospho-base phosphoethanolamine, followed by two downstream N-methylations on phosphatidyl-bases, phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine and phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine. The process ends with the conversion of a phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine to a phosphatidylcholine.


light-dependent bacteriochlorophyll biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a bacteriochlorophyll, which occur in the presence of light. Bacteriochlorophylls are any of the chlorophylls of photosynthetic bacteria; they differ structurally from the chlorophylls of higher plants.


Catalysis of the reaction: 8-methylthiooctyl-desulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = 8-methylthiooctyl-glucosinolate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


pyruvate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of pyruvate, 2-oxopropanoate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


U2 snRNA 2'-O-methyladenosine m6 methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 2'-O-methyladenosine in U2 snRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = an N6-methyl-2'-O-methyladenosine in U2 snRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


protein-phosphocysteine-trehalose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein S-phosphocysteine + trehalose (out) = protein cysteine + trehalose-6-phosphate (in).


dUDP biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dUDP, deoxyuridine diphosphate (2'-deoxy-5'-uridylyl phosphate).


apoptotic process involved in tube lumen cavitation

Any apoptotic process that contributes to the hollowing out of an epithelial rod or cord to form the central hole in a tube.


GPI-anchor transamidase activity

Catalysis of the formation of the linkage between a protein and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. The reaction probably occurs by subjecting a peptide bond to nucleophilic attack by the amino group of ethanolamine-GPI, transferring the protein from a signal peptide to the GPI anchor.


phosphatidylserine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine. They are important constituents of cell membranes.


regulation of (Z)-nonadeca-1,14-diene biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of (Z)-nonadeca-1,14-diene biosynthetic process.


glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + NAD(P)+ = glycerone phosphate + NAD(P)H + H+.


regulation of secondary shoot formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secondary shoot formation.


microcin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a microcin from one side of a membrane to the other.


regulation of cellular response to very-low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to very-low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus.


positive regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway.


phosphatidic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidic acid, any derivative of glycerol phosphate in which both the remaining hydroxyl groups of the glycerol moiety are esterified with fatty acids.


cellular response to mechanical stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.


vesicle fusion with Golgi cis cisterna membrane

The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane around the Golgi cis cisterna. This can involve anterograde or retrograde transport vesicles.


anthocyanin accumulation in tissues in response to UV light

The aggregation of the pigment anthocyanin in a particular location in a tissue, occurring in response to a UV light stimulus.


cellodextrin phosphorylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1,4-beta-D-glucosyl(n) + phosphate = 1,4-beta-D-glucosyl(n-1) + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate.


chemotaxis to cAMP

The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to the presence of 3',5'-cAMP.


pyrroloquinoline quinone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ); it is synthesized from a small peptide containing tyrosine and glutamic acid; these amino acids in the peptide are multiply cross-linked and the rest of the peptide is removed.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-fructose 6-phosphate + phosphate = acetyl phosphate + D-erythrose 4-phosphate + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnane-20-one + NADP+ = 5alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione + H+ + NADPH.


tryptamine 4-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tryptamine + reduced acceptor + O2 <=> 4-hydroxytryptamine + acceptor + H2O.


FMN binding

Binding to flavin mono nucleotide. Flavin mono nucleotide (FMN) is the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes.


1-indanone dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-indanone + NADPH + 1/2 O2 = NADP+ + 3-hydroxy-1-indanone.


regulation of cellular defense response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular defense response.


regulation of iron ion transmembrane transporter activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an iron transmembrane transporter activity.


vacuolar sequestering

The process of transporting a substance into, and confining within, a vacuole.


radial glial cell division in pallium

The division of a radial glial cell in the pallium. A radial glial cell is a precursor cell that gives rise to neurons and astrocytes.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2S (hydrogen sulfide) + a quinone = S0 (sulfane sulfur) + a hydroquinone.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methyl-3-oxooctanoyl-CoA + CoA = acetyl-CoA + 2-methylhexanoyl-CoA.


modification by symbiont of host chloroplast part

The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a component of the host cell chloroplast. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


cerebellar cortex formation

The process that gives rise to the cerebellar cortex. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function.


negative regulation of leukocyte adhesion to arterial endothelial cell

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte adhesion to arterial endothelial cell.


Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + adenosylcobyric acid + (R)-1-aminopropan-2-yl phosphate = ADP + phosphate + adenosylcobinamide phosphate, and ATP + adenosylcobyric acid + (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol = ADP + phosphate + adenosylcobinamide.


neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

Neurotransmitter receptor activity occurring in the postsynaptic membrane that is involved in regulating postsynaptic membrane potential, either directly (ionotropic receptors) or indirectly (e.g. via GPCR activation of an ion channel).


response to reversine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reversine stimulus.


G-protein gated monoatomic cation channel activity

A cation channel activity that is gated by binding of a G-protein beta-gamma dimer.


2-nitrophenol 2-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-nitrophenol + 2 H+ + 2 NADPH + O2 = catechol + H2O + 2 NADP+ + nitrite.


regulation of nematode larval development

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of nematode larval development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nematode larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Nematode larval development begins with the newly hatched first-stage larva (L1) and ends with the end of the last larval stage (for example the fourth larval stage (L4) in C. elegans). Each stage of nematode larval development is characterized by proliferation of specific cell lineages and an increase in body size without alteration of the basic body plan. Nematode larval stages are separated by molts in which each stage-specific exoskeleton, or cuticle, is shed and replaced anew.


ribonuclease A activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA to 3'-phosphomononucleotides and 3'-phosphooligonucleotides ending in C-P or U-P with 2',3'-cyclic phosphate intermediates.


high-affinity potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of potassium ions from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


antigen processing and presentation, endogenous lipid antigen via MHC class Ib

The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses lipid antigen of endogenous origin in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex on its cell surface. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 family.


negative regulation of mesodermal cell fate determination

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm cell fate determination.


very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling

The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a very-low-density lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by hepatic lipase or lipoprotein lipase and the subsequent loss of free fatty acid.


regulation of mineralocorticoid secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mineralocorticoid secretion.


regulation of smooth muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction.


Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to cytosine to form 5-methylcytosine in small subunit ribosomal RNA.


positive regulation of oomycete sporangium development

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oomycete sporangium development, a process that leads to the formation of oomycete sporangium, a single-celled or many-celled structure that germinates directly to form an infection hypha or differentiate, through specialized cleavage vesicles, into between 10 and 30 zoospores, which is laterally flagellated.


sleep

Any process in which an organism enters and maintains a periodic, readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity. Usually accompanied by physical relaxation, the onset of sleep in humans and other mammals is marked by a change in the electrical activity of the brain.


regulation of long-day photoperiodism, flowering

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of long-day photoperiodism, where the response associated with the photoperiodism is flowering. Flowering is defined by the switch from the vegetative to the reproductive phase.


induction by symbiont of host induced systemic resistance

Any process in which a symbiont activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of induced systemic resistance in the host organism; induced systemic resistance is a response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease and that does not depend upon salicylic acid signaling. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


negative regulation of amino acid transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid, the 1,6-anhydro-derivative of N-acetyl-beta-muramic acid.


retrotrapezoid nucleus neuron differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron whose cell body resides in the retrotrapezoid nucleus.


regulation of cellular response to testosterone stimulus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to testosterone stimulus.


regulation of oocyte development

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


hexadecanol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: hexadecanol + NAD+ = hexadecanal + NADH.


4-hydroxytryptamine 4-phosphate methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) + 4-hydroxytryptamine 4-phosphate (norbaeocystin) <=> 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + psilocybin.


neurofibrillary tangle assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a neurofibrillary tangle.


purine ribonucleoside metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


regulation of muscle organ development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle development.


DNA nucleotidylexotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1).


S-succinyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a succinyl group to a sulfur atom on the acceptor molecule.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + homoserine lactone.


cellular response to interleukin-8

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-8 stimulus.


nucleoside kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside = ADP + nucleoside monophosphate.


carbon dioxide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of carbon dioxide (CO2) from one side of a membrane to the other.


regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand.


dibenzofuran catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzofuran, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one ether bond and one carbon-carbon bond.


membrane depolarization during atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential

The process in which atrial cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


galactoside binding

Binding to a glycoside in which the sugar group is galactose.


dIDP phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dIDP + H2O = dIMP + H+ + phosphate.


antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II

The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or polysaccharide) on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex.


negative regulation of optic nerve formation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of optic nerve formation.


enucleate erythrocyte differentiation

The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires specialized features of an erythrocyte without a nucleus. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.


alpha-L-rhamnosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing alpha-L-rhamnose residues in alpha-L-rhamnosides.


pericyte cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a pericyte cell.


dihydrouracil oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + O2 = H2O2 + uracil.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA + NADP+ = 3-acetoacetyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.


regulation of cell communication by electrical coupling involved in cardiac conduction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication by electrical coupling involved in cardiac conduction.


regulation of salivary gland boundary specification

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of salivary gland determination.


spinal sensory neuron axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a spinal sensory neuron is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. A spinal sensory neuron is a sensory neuron that project to the spinal cord.


septum transversum development

The progression of the septum transversum from its initial formation to the mature structure. The septum transversum is a portion of the trunk mesenchyme.


monocyte chemotaxis

The movement of a monocyte in response to an external stimulus.


vertebrate eye-specific patterning

Early postnatal vertebrate developmental process, during which axons of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), transmitting overlapping inputs from both eyes, segregate into distinct eye-specific non-overlapping regions in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of the thalamus.


transforming growth factor beta receptor activity

Combining with a transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.


pigment accumulation in tissues

The aggregation of coloring matter in a particular location in a tissue, occurring in response to an external stimulus.


mucilage pectin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the pectin component of mucilage.


sitosterol hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + sitosterol + O2 + NADPH <=> (22alpha)-hydroxy-sitosterol + H2O + NADP.


auxin mediated signaling pathway involved in phyllotactic patterning

The series of molecular signals generated in response to detection of auxin that contributes to the radial pattern formation process resulting in the formation of leaf or flower primordia around the center of a shoot apical meristem.


nucleosome disassembly

The controlled breakdown of nucleosomes, the beadlike structural units of eukaryotic chromatin composed of histones and DNA.


glycerate 2-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glycerate + ATP = 2-phospho-D-glycerate + ADP.


gibberellin 12-aldehyde oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin 12-aldehyde + NADPH + H+ + O2 = gibberellin 12 + NADP+ + H2O. This is the third of three successive reactions resulting in the oxidation of ent-kaurenoate (ent-kaurenoic acid) to gibberellin 12 (GA12).


positive regulation of lateral motor column neuron migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lateral motor column neuron migration.


Catalysis of the reaction: theobromine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> H+ + caffeine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


cellular response to bacterial lipopeptide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacterial lipopeptide stimulus.


DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair

The repair of alkylation damage, e.g. the removal of the alkyl group at the O6-position of guanine by O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT).


regulation of action potential firing rate

Any process that regulates the frequency of action potentials in a spike train.


L-cysteine binding

Binding to L-cysteine.


appressorium formation

The process in which a swollen, flattened portion of a symbiont filament is formed on or near its host organism, to adhere to and for the purpose of penetrating the host surface.


red light photoreceptor activity

The function of absorbing and responding to electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of approximately 660nm. The response may involve a change in conformation.


response to papulacandin B

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a papulacandin B stimulus.


G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway involved in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium

A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway that is involved in the defense response to Gram-negative bacterium.


negative regulation of galactoglucomannan catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of galactoglucomannan catabolic process.


vesicle docking involved in exocytosis

The initial attachment of a vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane, that contributes to exocytosis.


ribonuclease P activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA, removing 5' extra nucleotides from tRNA precursor.


sulfur oxidation, ferric ion-dependent

A sulfur oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by sulfur:ferric ion oxidoreductase, and requires the presence of ferric ion (Fe3+).


regulation of stomach fundus smooth muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any stomach fundus smooth muscle contraction.


embryo sac morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the embryo sac are generated and organized. The embryo sac develops from the megaspore in heterosporous plants.


mucilage metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving mucilage, a gelatinous substance secreted by plants.


smooth muscle cell chemotaxis

The directed movement of a smooth muscle cell in response to an external stimulus.


6G-fructosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: [1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2->1)-]m+1 alpha-D-glucopyranoside + [1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2->1)-]n+1 alpha-D-glucopyranoside = [1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2->1)-]m alpha-D-glucopyranoside + [1-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2->1)-]n+1 beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (m > 0; n >= 0).


1-pyrroline dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-pyrroline + NAD+ + 2 H2O = 4-aminobutanoate + NADH + 2 H+.


positive regulation of cell cycle G1/S phase transition

Any signalling pathway that activates or increases the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G1 phase to S phase of the cell cycle.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a sterol = UDP + an O-glucosylsterol.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucarate + chlorogenate = (-)-quinate + 2-O-caffeoylglucarate.


Catalysis of the reaction: sn-3-O-(geranylgeranyl)glycerol 1-phosphate + all-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate = 2,3-di-O-(geranylgeranyl)glycerol 1-phosphate + diphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone + S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 3',4',5-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


regulation of hemostasis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hemostasis.


dibenzothiophene monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dibenzothiophene + NADH + H+ + O2 = dibenzothiophene-5-oxide + NAD+ + H2O.


chylomicron binding

Binding to a chylomicron, a large lipoprotein particle (diameter 75-1200 nm) composed of a central core of triglycerides and cholesterol surrounded by a protein-phospholipid coating. The proteins include one molecule of apolipoprotein B-48 and may include a variety of apolipoproteins, including APOAs, APOCs and APOE.


negative regulation of ligase activity

Any process that stops or reduces the rate of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate.


regulation of fear response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fear response.


regulation of cellular pH reduction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a process that reduces the internal pH of a cell.


U2-type prespliceosome assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an U2-type prespliceosome.


microglia development

The process aimed at the progression of a microglial cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


uridine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + uridine = ADP + UMP.


dibenzothiophene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzothiophene, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one sulfide bond and one carbon-carbon bond.


anaerobic ethylbenzene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethylbenzene (phenylethane), a benzene derivative with an ethyl group attached to the ring, that occur in the absence of oxygen.


convergent extension involved in somitogenesis

The morphogenetic process in which a presomitic mesoderm narrows along the left-right axis and lengthens in the rostral-caudal axis contributing to somitogenesis.


L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-seryl-tRNA(Sec) = ADP + O-phospho-L-seryl-tRNA(Sec).


Catalysis of the reaction: L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate + glycine.


regulation of RNA helicase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ATP-dependent RNA helicase activity.


positive regulation of cell proliferation in midbrain

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in midbrain.


IAA-Leu conjugate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetyl-leucine + H2O = indole-3-acetate + L-leucine.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminoethylphosphonate, also known as ciliatine.


Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucosyl-1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl-1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl-1,3-1-O-alkyl-2-O-acylglycerol + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = 6-sulfo-alpha-D-glucosyl-1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl-1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl-1,3-1-O-alkyl-2-O-acylglycerol + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


autophagosome-endosome fusion

The process in which an autophagosome fuses with an endosome to create an intermediate autophagic organelle called amphisome.


magnetosome assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a magnetosome. Magnetosomes are specialized organelles for magnetic navigation that comprise membrane-enveloped, nano-sized crystals of a magnetic iron mineral; they are formed by a diverse group of magnetotactic bacteria (MTB).


G/T mismatch-specific thymine-DNA glycosylase activity

Hydrolyzes mismatched double-stranded DNA and polynucleotides, releasing free thymine and leaving an apyrimidinic (AP) site.


brainstem precerebellar neuron precursor migration

The early migration of a precerebellar neuronal precursor in which a cell move from the rhombic lip, orthogonal to the direction of radial migration and ultimately reside in the brainstem.


regulation of cellular response to gamma radiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to gamma radiation.


carpel development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the carpel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A carpel is an organ (generally believed to be a modified foliar unit) at the centre of a flower, bearing one or more ovules and having its margins fused together or with other carpels to enclose the ovule in an ovary, and consisting also of a stigma and usually a style.


methylthiotransferase activity

Catalysis of the addition of a methylthioether group (-SCH3) to a nucleic acid or protein acceptor.


positive regulation of tryptophan metabolic process

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid.


chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


protein K69-linked ufmylation

A protein ufmylation process in which a polymer of the ubiquitin-like protein UFM1 is formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 69 of the UFM1 monomers, is added to a protein.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxypyrene + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 1-hydroxypyrene-6,7-oxide + H2O.


primary adaptive immune response

An adaptive immune response against an antigen not previously encountered by immune system.


2,5-dichlorohydroquinone reductive dehalogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: organohalide + 2 H+ + 2 e- = R-H + HCl. Reactants include chlorohydroquinone (forms hydroquinone) and 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone (forms chlorohydroquinone).


pole plasm RNA localization

Any process in which RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


guanosine tetraphosphate binding

Binding to guanosine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a guanosine bisphosphate having diphosphate groups at both the 3' and 5'-positions.


subthalamic nucleus development

The progression of the subthalamic nucleus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The subthalamic nucleus is the lens-shaped nucleus located in the ventral part of the subthalamus on the inner aspect of the internal capsule that is concerned with the integration of somatic motor function.


lipoteichoic acid D-alanylation

The formation of a D-alanyl ester of lipoteichoic acid by transfer of D-Ala onto a membrane-associated lipoteichoic acid (LTA).


prosthetic group metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a prosthetic group, the non-amino acid portion of certain protein molecules. Prosthetic groups may be inorganic or organic and are usually required for the biological activity of the protein.


sensory organ precursor cell division

The series of four asymmetric divisions undergone by the sensory organ precursor cells to generate cells that have distinct cell fates. For example, in the external sensory organ, the precursor cells give rise to one multidendritic neuron and four additional cells (the socket, shaft, sheath cells and the external sense neuron).


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-18:2-2-18:2-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 1-18:3-2-18:2-phosphatidylcholine + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


RITS complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a RITS complex.


chloroplast avoidance movement

The relocation process in which chloroplasts in photosynthetic cells avoid strong light and move away from it in order to preserve the photosynthetic machinery.


locus ceruleus maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the locus ceruleus to attain its fully functional state. The locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic.


negative regulation of eating behavior

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of eating behavior.


positive regulation of multicellular organism growth

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organism to reach its usual body size.


hair follicle cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of hair follicle cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


scaRNA localization to Cajal body

A process in which a small Cajal body-specific RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a Cajal body.


regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle cell differentiation.


minus-end directed microtubule sliding

The movement of one microtubule along another microtubule, where the motion is directed towards the minus ends of the microtubules.


nucleoside diphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar.


positive regulation of hair follicle cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of hair follicle cell proliferation.


protein O-linked glycosylation via threonine

The glycosylation of protein via the O3 atom of peptidyl-threonine, forming O3-glycosyl-L-threonine; the most common forms are N-acetylgalactosaminyl, mannosyl, and galactosyl threonine.


mannosamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannosomine, 2-amino-2-deoxymannose; the D-isomer is a constituent of neuraminic acids as well as mucolipids and mucoproteins.


ascospore wall chitin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ascospore wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of P-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of ascospores.


protein poly-ADP-ribosylation

The transfer of multiple ADP-ribose residues from NAD to a protein amino acid, forming a poly(ADP-ribose) chain.


mesodermal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a mesoderm cell.


histone lactyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (L-lysyl-[histone] + lactoyl-CoA = CoA + H+ + N(6)-lactoyl-L-lysyl-[histone].


capsanthin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: antheraxanthin = capsanthin.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on reduced flavodoxin as donor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which reduced flavodoxin acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


positive regulation of bone resorption

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of bone resorption.


Catalysis of the reaction: trans-dec-2-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = cis-dec-3-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein].


inositol tetrakisphosphate 6-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + ADP.


G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

An G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway which contributes to a circulatory system process carried out by the heart.


anaerobic glycerol catabolic process

The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, yielding energy in the form of ATP.


negative regulation of AMPA receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of AMPA glutamate receptor activity.


response to capsazepine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a capsazepine stimulus.


plastid localization

Any process in which a plastid is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell.


ATP diphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = AMP + H+ + diphosphate.


disruption of cell in another organism

The disruption of the a cell of another organism, leading to damage or temporary subversion of that cell.


spinal cord anterior/posterior patterning

The process that regulates the coordinated growth and differentiation that establishes the non-random anterior-posterior spatial arrangement of the spinal cord.


accessory nerve maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the accessory nerve to attain its fully functional state. The spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve.


negative regulation of galactomannan catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of galactomannan catabolic process.


entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod

The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to photoperiod, the intermittent cycle of light (day) and dark (night).


lignin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving lignins, a class of polymers of phenylpropanoid units.


The chemical reactions and pathways involved in the biosynthesis of 2-methylthio-N-6-(cis-hydroxy)isopentenyl adenosine (ms2io6A), a modified nucleoside present in position 37 (adjacent to and 3' of the anticodon) of tRNAs.


skeletal myofibril assembly

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeletal myofibril over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A skeletal myofibril is a myofibril specific to skeletal muscle cells.


beta-glucoside kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + cellobiose = ADP + 6-phospho-beta-D-glucosyl-(1,4)-D-glucose.


maintenance of mitochondrion location

Any process in which a mitochondrion is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


neutral L-amino acid:sodium:chloride symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neutral L-amino acid(out) + Na+(out) + Cl-(out) = neutral L-amino acid(in) + Na+(in)+ Cl-(in).


salicylic acid glucosyltransferase (glucoside-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: salicylic acid + UDP-glucose = salicylic acid 2-O-glucoside + UDP.


2-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA.


adenylylsulfate kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + adenylylsulfate = ADP + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate.


COPI-coated vesicle budding

The evagination of a Golgi membrane, resulting in formation of a COPI-coated vesicle.


regulation of lysosomal lumen pH

Any process that modulates the pH of the lysosomal lumen, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


pyrimidine nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a pyrimidine nucleoside, a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar from one side of a membrane to the other.


SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell communication by electrical coupling

The process that mediates signaling interactions between an SA node cardiomyocyte and an atrial cardiomyocyte by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


penetration hypha formation

The assembly by the symbiont of a threadlike, tubular structure, which may contain multiple nuclei and may or may not be divided internally by septa or cross-walls, for the purpose of penetration into its host organism. In the case of an appressorium existing, this term is defined in further details as the process in which the symbiont penetration peg expands to form a hypha which traverses the epidermal cell and emerges into the intercellular space of the mesophyll tissue. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


urothelial cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of urothelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Urothelial cells make up a layer of transitional epithelium in the wall of the bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis, external to the lamina propria.


aconitate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cis-aconitate + H+ = CO2 + itaconate.


chloroplast proton-transporting ATP synthase complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a proton-transporting ATP synthase in the chloroplast thylakoid membrane.


lens epithelial cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of lens epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Lens epithelial cells make up the lens epithelium, which is located in the anterior portion of the lens between the lens capsule and the lens fibers and is a simple cuboidal epithelium. The epithelial cells of the lens regulate most of the homeostatic functions of the lens such as osmolarity and liquid volume. The lens epithelial cells also serve as the progenitors for new lens fibers. The lens epithelium constantly lays down fibers in the embryo, fetus, infant, and adult, and continues to lay down fibers for lifelong growth.


Golgi vesicle fusion with endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) membrane

The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a Golgi vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane of the ERGIC. Such vesicles include COPI-coated transport vesicles involved in retrograde transport.


dTDP biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTDP, deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate (2'-deoxyribosylthymine5'-diphosphate).


precorrin-6Y C5,15-methyltransferase (decarboxylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + precorrin-6Y = 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + precorrin-8X + CO2.


NADP-retinol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-retinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+.


phosphatidate kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = ADP + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-diphosphate.


formation of a compartment boundary

Formation of a lineage restriction boundary within a developing tissue which does not correspond to some morphological barrier.


regulation of bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility by regulation of motor speed

A process that modulates flagellum-dependent motility in bacteria by modulating the speed or direction of rotation of a rotary flagellar motor, mediated by interactions between the braking protein.


pelvic fin morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the pelvic fin are generated and organized. Pelvic fins are bilaterally paired fins mounted in a ventral-lateral position on most fish. These fins are used primarily for lateral mobility and propulsion.


negative regulation of metula development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metula development, a process that leads to the formation of metulae. Metulae are elongated mononucleate cells that bud from the surface of the conidiophore tip.


negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of cold-induced thermogenesis.


neuromast hair cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuromast hair cell. Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the neuromast and are located in a portion of the neuromast called the sensory strip. Each hair cell of the neuromast is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. There are approximately seven hair cells within each neuromast, with each hair cell innervated by afferent and efferent neurons.


4,6-pyruvylated galactose residue metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the pyruvylated galactose residue 4-6-O-[(R)(1-carboxyethylidine)]-Gal-beta-1,3-. The galactose residue is part of a larger polysaccharide chain.


prostaglandin-E synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H(2) = prostaglandin E(2).


bombesin receptor activity

Combining with bombesin to initiate a change in cell activity.


dauer exit

Exit from the facultative diapause of the dauer (enduring) larval stage of nematode development.


male germ cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of male germ cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


positive regulation of leaf senescence

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leaf senescence.


regulation of membrane depolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of membrane depolarization during a cardiac muscle cell action potential.


myoblast migration

The orderly movement of a myoblast from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. A myoblast is a cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


T-helper 2 cell chemotaxis

The directed movement of a T-helper 2 cell in response to an external stimulus.


protein homooligomerization

The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of identical component monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer.


citronellyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: citronellyl-CoA + NAD+ = cis-geranyl-CoA + NADH + H+.


regulation of epithelium regeneration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelium regeneration.


regulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of otic vesicle morphogenesis.


ribonucleoside binding

Binding to a ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine or pyrimidine nitrogenous base linked to ribose.


pectin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving pectin, a group of galacturonic acid-containing, water-soluble colloidal carbohydrates of high molecular weight and of net negative charge.


polyphosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a polyphosphate, the anion or salt of polyphosphoric acid.


diaminopimelate epimerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: LL-2,6-diaminopimelate = meso-2,6-diaminopimelate.


negative regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mononuclear cell proliferation.


D-erythro-sphingosine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sphingosine + ATP = sphingosine 1-phosphate + ADP.


negative regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte death by apoptotic process.


peptidyl-cystine sulfhydration

The modification of a peptidyl-cystine residue in a protein by the addition of sulfur, to form peptidyl-cysteine persulfide.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 11-O-demethyl-17-O-deacetylvindoline = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 17-O-deacetylvindoline.


positive regulation of autophagy of mitochondrion in response to mitochondrial depolarization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy of the mitochondrion in response to mitochondrial depolarization.


interleukin-11 production

The appearance of interleukin-11 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


negative regulation of viral-induced cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the series of a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway in response to a virus.


extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring compression resistance

A constituent of the extracellular matrix that enables the matrix to resist compressive forces; often a proteoglycan.


Binding to 5-oxo-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-icosatetraenoic acid, a straight-chain fatty acid with twenty carbon atoms and four double bonds.


kidney morphogenesis

Morphogenesis of a kidney. A kidney is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.


pyruvate family amino acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any amino acid that requires pyruvate for its synthesis, e.g. alanine.


positive regulation of NK T cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell differentiation.


positive regulation of cardiac ventricle development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac ventricle development.


granulosa cell apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a granulosa cell.


negative regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of uptake of cholesterol into the blood by absorption from the intestine.


regulation of sterol import

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sterol import.


negative regulation of viral translation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral translation.


acetate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate, the anion of acetic acid.


protoporphyrinogen IX metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving protoporphyrinogen IX, the specific substrate for the enzyme ferrochelatase, which catalyzes the insertion of iron to form protoheme. It is probably also the substrate for chlorophyll formation.


pericyte cell migration

The orderly movement of a pericyte cell from one site to another.


Catalysis of the reaction: gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine + spermidine + ATP = N1-(gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycyl)-spermidine + ADP + phosphate.


positive regulation of RNA export from nucleus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of directed movement of RNA from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.


ABC-type putrescine transporter activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + putrescine(out) -> ADP + phosphate + putrescine(in).


response to cAMP

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus.


pollen-style interaction

The interactions (or cell to cell communication) that occur between the male gametophyte (pollen/pollen tube) and the stylar tissues of the female sporophyte.


compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a compound eye retinal cell.


cellular response to bacterial lipoprotein

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacterial lipoprotein stimulus.


ESCRT complex disassembly

The disaggregation of an ESCRT complex into its constituent components.


voluntary musculoskeletal movement

The movement of an organism or part of an organism using mechanoreceptors, the nervous system, striated muscle and/or the skeletal system that can be controlled at will.


modulation of cell migration in another organism

The process in which an organism effects a change in the process of cell migration in a second organism.


palmatine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of palmatine, a berberine alkaloid found in many plants.


Golgi vesicle prefusion complex stabilization

The binding of specific proteins to the t-SNARE/v-SNARE/SNAP25 complex, by which the Golgi vesicle prefusion complex is stabilized.


pinosylvin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamoyl-CoA + 3 H+ + 3 malonyl-CoA = 4 CO2 + 4 CoA + pinosylvin.


UAU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UAU codon.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysine + ATP + UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate = ADP + 2 H+ + phosphate + UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-L-lysine.


labrum morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of labrum are generated and organized.


NADH kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + NADH = ADP + 2 H+ + NADPH.


inner cell mass cell fate commitment

The cell fate commitment of precursor cells that will become inner cell mass cells.


Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-fucose + beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R = GDP + 1,4-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,3)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-R.


positive regulation of glucose metabolic process

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose.


positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator.


positive regulation of NK T cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell proliferation.


pyruvate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of pyruvate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.


amylin receptor 1 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular amylin, or another ligand, combining with an amylin receptor 1 (AMY1), a G protein-coupled receptor complex, on the surface of the target cell. Other ligands that have been shown to initiate the AMY1 signaling pathway include the calcitonin related peptide (CGRP) and adrenomedullin (AM/ADM).


CUU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CUU codon.


trans-Golgi network membrane organization

A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a trans-Golgi network membrane.


T cell costimulation

The process of providing, via surface-bound receptor-ligand pairs, a second, antigen-independent, signal in addition to that provided by the T cell receptor to augment T cell activation.


beta-galactosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-D-galactosides.


Catalysis of the reactions: (1) 5beta-cholestan-3-one + NADP+ = cholest-4-en-3-one + NADPH + H+ and (2) 17,21-dihydroxy-5beta-pregnane-3,11,20-trione + NADP+ = cortisone + NADPH + H+.


histone H4R3 arginine deiminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + histone H4 L-arginyl (position 3)= histone H4 L-citrullyl (position 3) + NH4+, resulting in histone H4 citrullination at position 3.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on reduced flavodoxin as donor, dinitrogen as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which reduced flavodoxin acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces dinitrogen.


modification of synaptic structure, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates synaptic transmission via modification of the structure of the synapse.


poly-ADP-D-ribose binding

Binding to polymeric ADP-D-ribose, a polymer that is composed of poly-ADP-D-ribose units linked through 1,2-glycosidic bonds at the ribose ring.


perturbation of symbiont cellular component

The process in which a host organism destabilizes a cellular component of a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


fatty-acyl-CoA metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a fatty-acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty-acyl group.


galactoglucomannan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactoglucomannan, a polysaccharide composed of D-glucose, D-galactose and D-mannose. The mannose units form the backbone structure (a linear main chain) decorated with a mixture of D-glucose and D-galactose side-units.


Catalysis of the reaction: succinyl-CoA + a 3-oxo acid = succinate + a 3-oxo-acyl-CoA.


mitochondrial translational elongation

The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis in a mitochondrion.


pulmonary vein morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the pulmonary venous blood vessels are generated and organized. Pulmonary veins are blood vessels that transport blood from the lungs to the heart.


Catalysis of the reaction: 6-alkylaminopurine + UDP-D-glucose = 6-alkylamino-9-beta-D-glucosylpurine + H+ + UDP. This reaction is an N-glucosylation event.


peptidyl-L-3',4',5'-trihydroxyphenylalanine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-tyrosine

The modification of protein tyrosine to peptidyl-L-3',4',5'-dihydroxyphenylalanine.


ferric iron binding

Binding to a ferric iron ion, Fe(III).


halogenated hydrocarbon catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of halogenated hydrocarbons, compounds derived from hydrocarbons by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with halogen atoms.


thermosensory behavior

Behavior that is dependent upon the sensation of temperature.


filamentous growth MAPK cascade

The MAPK cascade which is activated as a result of partial nutrient deprivation and which results in filamentous growth.


response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin-like growth factor stimulus.


cellular response to bisphenol A

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bisphenol A stimulus.


polyprenol reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP + a ditrans,polycis-dolichol = NADPH + H+ + a di-trans, poly-cis-polyprenol.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in (1->3)-beta-D-galactopyranans.


natural killer cell proliferation involved in immune response

The expansion of a natural killer cell population by cell division as part of an immune response.


post-embryonic body morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the post-embryonic soma are generated and organized.


gibberellin A28,oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A28 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 <=> (2betaOH)-gibberellin28 + succinate + carbon dioxide.


benzene 1,2-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzene + H+ + NADH + O2 = cis-cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol + NAD+.


proteasome-activating activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, which promotes unfolding of protein substrates, and channel opening of the core proteasome.


gamma-aminobutyric acid:proton symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + H+(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + H+(in).


isopropanol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + propan-2-ol = acetone + H+ + NADPH.


dCTP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dCTP, deoxycytidine triphosphate.


endonucleolytic cleavage in ITS1 upstream of 5.8S rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA)

Endonucleolytic cleavage within Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS1) upstream of the 5.8S rRNA derived from an originally tricistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. In S. cerevisiae, this endonucleolytic cleavage within ITS1 initiates the maturation of the LSU and the 5.8S rRNAs.


monoatomic anion channel activity

Enables the energy-independent passage of a monoatomic anion across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient.


ER body organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation of ER (endoplasmic reticulum) body. ER body is a compartment found in plant cells that is derived from the ER. The structures have a characteristic shape and size (10 mm long and 0.5 mm wide) and are surrounded with ribosomes. They have been found in Arabidopsis thaliana and related Brassicaceae species.


Catalysis of the reaction S-adenosyl-L-methionine + L-histidine-[translation elongation factor 2] = S-methyl-5-thioadenosine + 2-[(3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl]-L-histidine-[translation elongation factor 2].


regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in neural plate anterior/posterior pattern formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in neural plate anterior/posterior pattern formation.


positive regulation of sphingolipid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sphingolipid signaling.


negative regulation of T cell tolerance induction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell tolerance induction.


anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamine + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = H+ + H2O + N-(11,12-epoxy-5Z,8Z,14Z-eicosatrienoyl)-ethanolamine + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase].


phenylalanine 4-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-phenylalanine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = L-tyrosine + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin.


determination of heart left/right asymmetry

Determination of the asymmetric location of the heart with respect to the left and right halves of the organism.


regulation of macrophage antigen processing and presentation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of macrophage antigen processing and presentation.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-beta-cholestane-3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha,26-tetraol + NAD+ = 3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-trihydroxy-5-beta-cholestan-26-al + NADH.


asparagusate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-mercapto-2-mercaptomethylpropanoate + NAD+ = asparagusate + H+ + NADH.


peptide stabilization

Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a peptide and preventing it from being degraded.


single-strand break repair via homologous recombination

The error-free repair of a single-strand break in DNA in which the broken DNA molecule is repaired using homologous sequences. A strand in the broken DNA searches for a homologous region in an intact chromosome to serve as the template for DNA synthesis. The restoration of two intact DNA molecules results in the exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between the intact DNA molecule and the broken DNA molecule.


(22S)-22-hydroxy-campest-4-en-3-one C-23 hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + (22S)-22-hydroxycampest-4-en-3-one + NADPH + O2 <=> (22R,23R)-22,23-dihydroxy-campest-4-en-3-one + NADP + H2O.


modulation by symbiont of host calcium or calmodulin-mediated signal transduction

Any process in which the symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium or calmodulin-mediated signal transduction in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose + H+ = glucose + H+. Symporter activity enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy.


cerebellar molecular layer morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the cerebellar molecular layer is generated and organized. The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells.


regulation of germ tube formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of germ tube formation on or near host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Kdo2-lipid A metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving Kdo2-lipid A, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) component.


RNA uridine deletion

The modification of an RNA molecule by removal of a uridine nucleotide.


lipoamide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoamide, the functional form of lipoic acid in which the carboxyl group is attached to protein by an amide linkage to a lysine amino group.


racemase and epimerase activity, acting on hydroxy acids and derivatives

Catalysis of a reaction that alters the configuration of one or more chiral centers in a hydroxy acid molecule.


response to UV-A

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a UV-A radiation stimulus. UV-A radiation (UV-A light) spans the wavelengths 315 to 400 nm.


6-hydroxy pseudo-oxynicotine monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + O2 = 2 2,6-dihydroxypseudooxynicotine.


retromer complex binding

Binding to a retromer complex.


ferritin receptor activity

Combining with ferritin, and delivering ferritin into the cell via endocytosis.


posterior lateral line neuromast mantle cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a posterior lateral line neuromast mantle cell. (N.B. This may be development of neuromast mantle cell type or a set of cells of neuromast mantle cell type. This will involve the change of a cell or set of cells from one cell identity to another). Mantle cells are non-sensory cells that surround the sensory strip, separating the neuromast from the epidermis. Mantle cells secrete the cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all of the hair cells are embedded.


negative regulation of long-chain fatty acid import across plasma membrane

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport. Plasma membrane long-chain fatty acid transport is the directed movement of long-chain fatty acids across the plasma membrane.