negative regulation of positive chemotaxis to cAMP by chlorinated alkylphenone

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of directed movement of a motile cell or organism up a concentration gradient of 3',5'-cAMP by the action of a chlorinated alkylphenone. An alkylphenone is an aromatic polyketide with methyl and chlorine substitutions.


neural crest cell fate commitment

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The process in which a cell becomes committed to become a neural crest cell.


galactose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose.


T cell differentiation

The process in which a precursor cell type acquires characteristics of a more mature T-cell. A T cell is a type of lymphocyte whose definin characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex.


mitotic cell cycle phase

One of the distinct periods or stages into which the mitotic cell cycle is divided. Each phase is characterized by the occurrence of specific biochemical and morphological events.


VCP-NPL4-UFD1 AAA ATPase complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a VCP-NPL4-UFD1 AAA ATPase complex.


negative regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte differentiation.


light-independent bacteriochlorophyll biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a bacteriochlorophyll, which occur in the absence of light. Bacteriochlorophylls are any of the chlorophylls of photosynthetic bacteria; they differ structurally from the chlorophylls of higher plants.


formaldehyde assimilation via xylulose monophosphate cycle

The pathway in which formaldehyde is used as a carbon source in the xylulose monophosphate cycle. Methylotrophic yeasts, but not bacteria, utilize the xylulose monophosphate cycle to fix formaldehyde and convert it into metabolically useful organic compounds.


chlorinated hydrocarbon metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving chlorinated hydrocarbons, compounds derived from hydrocarbons by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms with chlorine atoms.


establishment of Sertoli cell barrier

Establishment of a structure near the basement membrane in adjacent Sertoli cells of the seminiferous epithelium for maintaining spermatogenesis. The structure consists of tight junctions, basal ectoplasmic specializations, and desmosome-like junctions.


nephrocyte filtration

The process by which hemolymph is filtered based on size and charge through a nephrocyte filtration barrier formed by the basement membrane and nephrocyte diaphragm.


regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation. Macrophage derived foam cell differentiation is the process in which a macrophage acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions.


lipopolysaccharide core heptosyltransferase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: glucosyl-heptosyl2-KDO2-lipid A-phosphate + ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose = glucosyl-heptosyl3-KDO2-lipid A-phosphate + ADP + H+.


double-strand break repair via transcription-associated homologous recombination

A mechanism of homologous recombination and DNA repair in which transcript RNA is used as a template for DSB repair.


metanephric capsule formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a metanephric capsule from unspecified parts. The metanephric capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the metanephros, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage.


columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube.


pollen tube adhesion

The process in which the pollen tube adheres to cells of the stigma and style.


Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule; dependent on the presence of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate.


negative regulation of cardiocyte differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiocyte differentiation.


arteriole smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the arteriole. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The arteriole is the smallest division of the artery located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries.


response to polycyclic arene

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a polycyclic arene stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: (6S)-6-hydroxyhyoscyamine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = CO2 + H2O + H+ + scopolamine + succinate.


Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-galactosidic linkages in arabinogalactans.


defecation

The expulsion of feces from the rectum.


heat generation

Any homeostatic process in which an organism produces heat, thereby raising its internal temperature.


menopause

Cessation of menstruation, occurring in (e.g.) the human female usually around the age of 50.


lung-associated mesenchyme development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung-associated mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of lung-associated mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Lung-associated mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the lung.


negative regulation of thyroid gland epithelial cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid gland epithelial cell proliferation.


response to reverse transcriptase inhibitor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reverse transcriptase inhibitor stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate + 7 isopentenyl diphosphate = 7 diphosphate + all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate.


histone H2AK129 ubiquitin ligase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a ubiquitin molecule to histone 2A at the lysine-129 residue.


bursa of Fabricius development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the bursa of Fabricius over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The bursa of Fabricius is an organ found in birds involved in B cell differentiation.


high molecular weight B cell growth factor receptor activity

Combining with a high molecular weight B cell growth factor and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.


positive regulation of digestive system process

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of a digestive system process, a physical, chemical, or biochemical process carried out by living organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.


Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-xylose 1-phosphate + UTP = UDP-D-xylose + diphosphate.


soluble molecule recognition

The recognition of soluble molecules in the environment.


negative regulation of xanthophore differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of xanthophore differentiation.


polyamine binding

Binding to a polyamine, an organic compound containing two or more amino groups.


chitin-based embryonic cuticle biosynthetic process

Synthesis, including the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chitin and other components, and deposition of a chitin-based embryonic cuticle by the underlying epidermal epithelium. This tough, waterproof cuticle layer is essential to provide structural integrity of the larval body. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


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The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-17A binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


purine ribonucleoside binding

Binding to a purine ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to ribose.


F-9775B metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving F-9775B.


viomycin kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + viomycin = ADP + O-phosphoviomycin.


UDP-galactosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a galactose group from UDP-galactose to an acceptor molecule.


piRNA-mediated retrotransposon silencing by heterochromatin formation

A retrotransposon silencing mechanism in which a piRNA triggers heterochromatin assembly. Heterochromatin is a chromatin conformation that is refractory to transcription.


bromoxynil metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving bromoxynil, C7H3Br2NO, a dibrominated phenol derivative with a cyano (-CN) group attached. Bromoxynil is used as a herbicide for post-emergent control of annual broadleaf weeds and works by inhibiting photosynthesis in the target plants.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: thiamine(out) + H+(out) = thiamine(in) + H+(in).


glutarate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxopentanoate + NADP + H2O = glutarate + NADPH + 2 H+.


slow-twitch skeletal muscle fiber contraction

A process in which force is generated within slow-twitch skeletal muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The slow-twitch skeletal muscle is characterized by slow time parameters, low force development and resistance to fatigue.


orexin receptor activity

Combining with orexin to initiate a change in cell activity.


triterpenoid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.


renal system process involved in regulation of blood volume

A slow mechanism of blood pressure regulation that responds to changes in pressure resulting from fluid and salt intake by modulating the quantity of blood in the circulatory system.


rhabdomere membrane biogenesis

A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a rhabdomere membrane.


abducens nerve morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the abducens nerve is generated and organized. The motor function of the abducens nerve is to contract the lateral rectus which results in abduction of the eye.


regulation of timing of neuron differentiation

The process controlling the activation and/or rate at which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires features of a neuron.


peptidyl-glutamine 2-methylation

The methylation of glutamine to form 2-methyl-L-glutamine.


protein N-linked glycosylation via arginine

The glycosylation of protein via peptidyl-arginine, omega-N-glycosyl-L-arginine.


alpha-(1,2)-fucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an L-fucosyl group from GDP-beta-L-fucose to an acceptor molecule to form an alpha-(1->2) linkage.


isopentenyl adenine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cytokinin 6-isopentenyladenine.


N-acetylglucosamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylglucosamine. The D isomer is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein.


hemaglutinin autotransporter activity

Enables the transfer of hemaglutinin from the periplasm to the external milieu; the hemaglutinin and the porin are the N- and C-terminal regions of the same protein, respectively.


neural plate development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural plate over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neural plate is a flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells. The underlying dorsal mesoderm signals the ectodermal cells above it to elongate into columnar neural plate cells. The neural plate subsequently develops into the neural tube, which gives rise to the central nervous system.


membrane disassembly

The controlled breakdown of any cell membrane in the context of a normal process such as autophagy.


positive regulation of organic acid transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of organic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


NADH dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor.


regulation of cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel activity.


hexulose-6-phosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 5-phosphate + formaldehyde = D-arabino-3-hexulose 6-phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: homogentisic acid + geranylgeranyl diphosphate = 2-methyl-6-geranylgeranylplastoquinol.


eosinophil fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a eosinophil cell. A eosinophil is any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin.


UGA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UGA codon.


positive regulation of activin secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of activin from a cell.


negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin.


mitochondrial tRNA threonylcarbamoyladenosine modification

The attachment of a carbonyl group and a threonine to the amino group of the adenine residue immediately 3' of the anticodon, in mitochondrial tRNAs that decode ANN codons (where N is any base).


codeine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of codeine, an alkaloid found in the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum var. album. Codeine has analgesic, anti-tussive and anti-diarrhoeal properties.


cellular stress response to acidic pH

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in the homeostasis of organismal or cellular pH (with pH < 7). pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.


Catalysis of the reaction: trans-3,4-dihydrodiolphenanthrene + 2 X-SO3(-) = 2 HX + phenanthrene-3,4-dihydrodiolsulfate conjugate.


xylulose 5-phosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylulose 5-phosphate, a derivative of the ketopentose xylulose phosphorylated at the 5 carbon; it is an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway.


regulation of stem cell division

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell division.


wax metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving wax, a compound containing C16 and C18 fatty acids.


right horn of sinus venosus development

The progression of the right horn of the sinus venosus from its formation to the mature structure.


candicidin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of candicidin.


positive regulation of pancreatic stellate cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic stellate cell proliferation.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, a natural product found in plant tissues. It is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of ethylene (ethene), a fruit-ripening hormone in plants.


transport of virus

The directed movement of a virus, or part of a virus, into, out of, or within a host cell.


positive regulation of fear response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fear response.


sex comb development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sex comb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sex combs are the male specific chaetae located on the prothoracic tarsal segment of the prothoracic leg.


Enterobacter ribonuclease activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage to 3'-phosphomononucleotides and 3'-phosphooligonucleotides with 2',3'-cyclic phosphate intermediates.


regulation of planar cell polarity pathway involved in neural tube closure

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of planar cell polarity pathway involved in neural tube closure.


metanephric glomerulus morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephric glomerulus are generated and organized. The metanephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney, or metanephros.


osteoclast fusion

The plasma membrane fusion process that results in fusion of mononuclear osteoclasts to form a multinuclear osteoclast.


high-affinity secondary active ammonium transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of ammonium from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


fucose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fucose (6-deoxygalactose).


isoflavonoid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isoflavonoids, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives, isomeric with flavonoids.


tRNA C3-cytosine methylation

The process whereby a cytosine in a tRNA is methylated at position 3 of the cytosine.


response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen.


Catalysis of the reaction: 17-O-acetylnorajmaline + NADP+ = 1,2-dihydrovomilenine + H+ + NADPH.


response to amine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amine stimulus. An amine is a compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups.


reverse transcription

A DNA synthesis process that uses RNA as the initial template for synthesis of DNA, but which also includes an RNase activity to remove the RNA strand of an RNA-DNA heteroduplex produced by the RNA-dependent synthesis step and use of the initial DNA strand as a template for DNA synthesis.


protein localization to medial cortex

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, the medial cortex.


negative regulation of trophoblast cell migration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of trophoblast cell migration.


positive regulation of mucus secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of mucus from a cell or a tissue.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-cyclohexylformamide + OH- = cyclohexylamine + formate.


glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (phosphorylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phosphate + NADP+ + glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate = NADPH + 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-phosphate.


leucine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.


nitric oxide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water.


endothelial cell fate determination

A process involved in cell fate commitment of an endothelial cell. Once determination has taken place, a cell becomes committed to differentiate down a particular pathway regardless of its environment.


endocardium development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endocardium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.


meiotic anaphase II

The cell cycle phase during which chromosomes separate and migrate towards the poles of the spindle the as part of meiosis II.


cellular extravasation

The migration of a leukocyte from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue.


cocaine binding

Binding to cocaine (2-beta-carbomethoxy-3-beta-benzoxytropane), an alkaloid obtained from dried leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca or by chemical synthesis.


cholecystokinin receptor activity

Combining with cholecystokinin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein to initiate a change in cell activity. Cholecystokinin can act as a neuropeptide or as a gastrointestinal hormone.


trans-synaptic signaling by endocannabinoid, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of endocannabinoid ligands, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse.


establishment of endothelial blood-brain barrier

Establishment of the endothelial barrier between the blood and the brain. The endothelial cells in the brain capillaries are packed tightly together preventing the passage of most molecules from the blood into the brain. Only lipid soluble molecules or those that are actively transported can pass through the blood-brain barrier.


negative regulation of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity.


prephenate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + prephenate = (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH.


head involution

Movement of the anterior ectoderm to the interior of the embryo.


mandelate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mandelate, the anion of mandelic acid. Mandelic acid (alpha-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid) is an 8-carbon alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that is used in organic chemistry and as a urinary antiseptic.


regulation of oospore formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oospore formation, a process in which male and female gametangia develop and fuse to form a thick-walled resting spore of oomycetes.


sequestering of manganese ion

The process of binding or confining manganese ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system.


positive regulation of intracellular lipid transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of lipids within cells.


parkin-mediated stimulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization

A positive regulation of the macromitophagy pathway that is triggered by mitochondrial depolarization and requires the function of a parkin-family molecule.


spermidine deacetylation

The modification of acetylspermadine by the removal of acetyl groups.


centromere complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and centromeric DNA molecules to form a centromeric protein-DNA complex. Includes the formation of the chromatin structures which form a platform for the kinetochore, and assembly of the kinetochore onto this specialized chromatin. In fission yeast and higher eukaryotes this process also includes the formation of heterochromatin at the outer repeat (pericentric) regions of the centromere.


single-species surface biofilm formation

A process in which microorganisms produce an extracellular matrix and form multicellular aggregates at an air-liquid interface.


butanediol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of butanediol; the biologically relevant isomer is 2,3-butanediol, CH3CH(OH)CH(OH)CH3.


positive regulation of activation of membrane attack complex

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the activation of the membrane attack complex components of the complement cascade.


regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of alcohol biosynthetic process.


cellular response to absence of light

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an absence of light stimuli.


neuronal signal transduction

The process in which an activated neuronal cell receptor conveys information down a signaling pathway, resulting in a change in the function or state of a cell. This process may be intracellular or intercellular.


G/U mismatch-specific uracil-DNA glycosylase activity

Hydrolyzes mismatched double-stranded DNA and polynucleotides, releasing free uracil and leaving an apyrimidinic (AP) site.


N-acetylmannosamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylmannosamine, the acetylated derivative of mannosamine, 2-amino-2-deoxymannose.


D-myo-inositol (1,3,4,6)-tetrakisphosphate 2-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate(8-) + ATP = H+ + 1L-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate(10-) + ADP.


oligoxyloglucan reducing-end-specific cellobiohydrolase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of cellobiose from the reducing end of xyloglucans consisting of a beta-(1->4) linked glucan carrying alpha-D-xylosyl groups on O-6 of the glucose residues. To be a substrate, the first residue must be unsubstituted, the second residue may bear a xylosyl group, whether further glycosylated or not, and the third residue, which becomes the new terminus by the action of the enzyme, is preferably xylosylated, but this xylose residue must not be further substituted.


tagatose kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-tagatose + ATP = D-tagatose 6-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


trachea morphogenesis

The process in which a trachea is generated and organized. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.


3',2'-cyclic GMP-AMP binding

Binding to 3',2' cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) nucleotide, a cyclic purine dinucleotide that consists of AMP and GMP units cyclized via 3',5' and 2',5' linkages.


negative regulation of cystathionine beta-synthase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cystathionine beta-synthase activity.


negative regulation of skeletal muscle tissue growth

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle growth.


metanephros development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the metanephros is the excretory organ of the fetus, which develops into the mature kidney and is formed from the rear portion of the nephrogenic cord. The metanephros is an endocrine and metabolic organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.


endonucleolytic cleavage of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA)

Endonucleolytic cleavage of a pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Primary ribosomal RNA transcripts with four genes, in this order, are produced in the chloroplasts of vascular plants. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript.


microgametogenesis

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pollen grain over time, from its formation as the microspore to the mature structure.


amino acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents.


pentalenolactone catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentalenolactone.


Catalysis of the reaction: cannabigerolate + O2 <=> delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid + hydrogen peroxide.


recruitment of mRNA capping enzyme to RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex

The process in which the guanylyltransferase enzyme responsible for adding a 7-methylguanosine cap on pre-mRNA becomes associated with the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme complex and the 5' end of a transcript.


response to lectin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lectin stimulus. A lectin is a carbohydrate-binding protein, highly specific for binding sugar moieties.


regulation of T-helper 17 cell extravasation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell extravasation.


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate + pyruvate = alpha-ketoglutarate + D-lactate, with FAD functioning as an intermediate hydrogen acceptor.


dethiobiotin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving dethiobiotin, a derivative of biotin formed by replacing the sulfur atom by two hydrogen atoms.


membrane repolarization during AV node cell action potential

The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the AV node cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential.


positive regulation of G0 to G1 transition

A cell cycle process that activates or increases the rate or extent of the transition from the G0 quiescent state to the G1 phase.


tRNA m2A37 methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + an adenine37 in tRNA <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + L-methionine + 5'-deoxyadenosine + a 2-methyladenine37 in tRNA.


histone H2A monoubiquitination

The modification of histone H2A by addition of a single ubiquitin group.


glucose-6-phosphate isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate = D-fructose 6-phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylbutanol + NAD(P)+ = 3-methylbutanal + NAD(P)H + H+. 3-methylbutanal is also known as isovaleraldehyde.


aureusidin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone + O2 = aureusidin + H2O, and 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone + 1/2 O2 = aureusidin + H2O.


neuronal action potential back-propagation

Propagation of an action potential in a neuron, from its site of initiation (typically the axon hillock) towards the soma.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by physical factors

The regulation of blood pressure mediated by detection of forces within the circulatory system.


sporulation resulting in formation of a multicellular or syncytial spore

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular or syncytial spore via septations over time, from its initiation to the mature structure.


negative regulation of growth

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism.


cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin

The attachment of one cell to another cell via a cadherin, transmembrane proteins having repeating extracellular calcium ion binding domains.


facial nucleus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the facial nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


water transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of water (H2O) from one side of a membrane to the other.


sterol homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of sterol within an organism or cell.


sakuranetin 6-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sakuranetin + O2 + NADPH + H+ <=> carthamidin-7-methyl ether + H2O + NADP.


positive regulation of octopamine signaling pathway involved in response to food

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of octopamine signaling pathway involved in response to food.


response to chloramphenicol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chloramphenicol stimulus.


telomere-nuclear envelope anchor activity

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together the telomeric region of a chromosome and the inner nuclear membrane by interacting with both the telomere and the nuclear membrane, in order to establish and maintain the telomeric location.


replication fork reversal

Replication fork processing that involves the unwinding of blocked forks to form four-stranded structures resembling Holliday junctions, which are subsequently resolved.


regulation of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis.


regulation of reproductive process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reproductive process.


calcium oxalate binding

Binding to calcium oxalate, CaC2O4, a salt of oxalic acid. In animals, it may be excreted in urine or retained in the form of urinary calculi.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: lactose(out) + H+(out) = lactose(in) + H+(in).


interneuron axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of an interneuron is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. An interneuron is any neuron which is not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region, as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions.


dorsal convergence

The directed migration of individual cells and small groups of cells toward the dorsal midline during gastrulation. This process does not require cell rearrangement.


excitation of vasomotor center by baroreceptor signaling

The process in which the molecular signal from the arterial baroreceptors is relayed to the vasomotor center causing it to signal increase arterial pressure.


response to cortisone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cortisone stimulus. Cortisone is a natural glucocorticoid steroid hormone that is metabolically convertible to cortisol. Cortisone is synthesized from cholesterol in the cortex of the adrenal gland under the stimulation of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). The main physiological effect of cortisone is on carbohydrate metabolism; it can stimulate increased glucose release from the liver, increased liver glycogen synthesis, and decreased utilization of glucose by the tissues.


cell migration involved in kidney development

The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature organ.


negative regulation of MDA-5 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the series of the MDA-5 signaling pathway.


germ cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of germ cells, reproductive cells in multicellular organisms, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


cellobiose glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-cellobiose + H2O = 2 D-glucose.


protein side chain deglutamylation

The removal of a glutamate residue from the side chain of a protein. Glutamate side chains are added to glutamic acid residues within the primary protein sequence during polyglutamylation.


envenomation resulting in modulation of transmission of nerve impulse in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of the transmission of nerve impulses in the bitten organism.


regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of symbiont cell

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a symbiont cell, the directed killing of a symbiont target cell by a neutrophil.


receptor recycling

The process that results in the return of receptor molecules to an active state and an active cellular location after they have been stimulated by a ligand. An active state is when the receptor is ready to receive a signal.


negative regulation of sensory perception of bitter taste

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of bitter taste.


phenylacetaldoxime dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (trans)-phenylacetaldoxime = H2O + phenylacetonitrile.


positive regulation of mast cell activation involved in immune response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation as part of an immune response.


Peyer's patch morphogenesis

The process in which a Peyer's patch is generated and organized. Peyer's patches are typically found as nodules associated with gut epithelium with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes.


O-glycan processing, core 4

The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 4 O-glycan structure, GlcNAc-beta-(1->6)[GalNAc-beta-(1->3)]-GalNAc.


anaerobic 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), a chlorinated, broad spectrum, contact insecticide, in the absence of oxygen.


fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands contributing to the modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the secondary heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


octopine catabolic process to proline

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octopine into other compounds, including proline.


retinal cone cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a retinal cone cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


regulation of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation.


creatinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: creatine + H2O = sarcosine + urea.


choriogonadotropin hormone binding

Binding to choriogonadotropin hormone, a heterodimer, with an alpha subunit identical to that of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and a unique beta subunit.


L-serine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.


maltose alpha-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-maltose + H2O = 2 alpha-D-glucose.


icosanoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving icosanoids, any of a group of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids.


molybdenum cofactor guanylyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction GTP + molybdenum cofactor = diphosphate + guanylyl molybdenum cofactor.


imaginal disc-derived wing hair elongation

Growth of a prehair in the approximately 10 hour period following its emergence from an epidermal cell in an imaginal disc-derived wing. Prehair elongation is guided and/or driven by the polymerization of actin filaments and the orderly crosslinking of filaments into bundles.


beta-acoradiene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate <=> beta-acoradiene + diphosphoric acid.


proximal convoluted tubule segment 1 cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an S1 cell in the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


arabinose isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinose = D-ribulose.


NAD-dependent protein decrotonylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + N6-(2E)-butenoyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + NAD+ = 2''-O-(2E)-but-2-enoyl-ADP-D-ribose + L-lysyl-[protein] + nicotinamide.


ectoine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-acetyl-L-2,4-diaminobutyrate = ectoine + H2O.


androgen metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving androgens, C19 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics.


neural plate regionalization

The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of an axis or axes of the neural plate in space to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place or in which cells interpret a specific environment.


tricaffeoyl spermidine O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tricaffeoyl spermidine + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 3 H+ + triferuloyl spermidine + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


coronary artery morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of coronary arteries are generated and organized. Coronary arteries are blood vessels that transport blood to the heart muscle.


trehalose O-mycolyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 alpha,alpha'-trehalose 6-mycolate = alpha,alpha'-trehalose 6,6'-bismycolate + alpha,alpha-trehalose.


acquisition of nutrients from host

The process that begins with the production and formation of structures and molecules in an organism that are required for the acquisition and utilization of nutrients from its host organism, and the ends with the acquirement of the nutrients. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


maintenance of protein location in peroxisome

Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location in a peroxisome, and is prevented from moving elsewhere.


intronic snoRNA processing

The biogenesis of a snoRNA molecule which resides within, and is processed from, the intron of a pre-mRNA.


negative regulation of ATP:ADP antiporter activity

Any process that stops or reduces the activity of an ATP:ADP antiporter.


glucosamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose), an aminodeoxysugar that occurs in combined form in chitin.


non-phosphorylated glucose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of non-phosphorylated forms of glucose.


seed trichome differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized epidermal cell acquires the specialized features of a seed trichome. A seed trichome is a trichome that develops from seed coat epidermis and is often long with putative dispersal function.


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-carotene + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 O2 = (2R,2'R)-dihydroxy-all-trans-beta-carotene + 2 NAD + 2 H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: ethyl (R)-3-hydroxyhexanoate + NADP+ = ethyl 3-oxohexanoate + H+ + NADPH.


positive regulation of lateral mesodermal cell fate determination

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lateral mesoderm cell fate determination.


regulatory ncRNA processing

A process leading to the generation of a functional regulatory non-coding RNA.


response to muscle stretch

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a myofibril being extended beyond its slack length.


silicate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of silicates from one side of a membrane to the other. Silicates are the salts of silicic acids, and are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates.


mesodermal to mesenchymal transition involved in gastrulation

The epithelial to mesenchymal transition process in which a mesodermal cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell as part of the process of gastrulation.


detection of muscle inactivity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

The series of events in which a muscle inactivity stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. This occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic alcohol + NAD+ = an aromatic aldehyde + NADH + H+.


regulation of natural killer cell differentiation involved in immune response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation as part of an immune response.


Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylcholine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + a phosphatidylcholine.


regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I.


glycyrrhetinate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycyrrhetinate.


presynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins in the presynaptic actin cytoskeleton.


positive regulation of natural killer cell tolerance induction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell tolerance induction.


conidiogenone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of conidiogenone , a diterpene known to induce the conidiation.


mitochondrial protein processing

The peptide cleavage of mitochondrial proteins, including cleavage contributing to their import.


regulation of male pigmentation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in males.


regulation of galactoglucomannan catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of galactoglucomannan catabolic process.


D-aspartate ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-aspartate + [beta-GlcNAc-(1->4)-Mur2Ac(oyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)]n = [beta-GlcNAc-(1->4)-Mur2Ac(oyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-6-N-(beta-D-Asp)-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)]n + ADP + phosphate.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: fructose + H+ = fructose + H+.


fatty acid primary amide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of primary fatty amides.


histone dopaminyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dopamine + L-glutaminyl-[histone] = 5-dopaminyl-L-glutamyl-[histone] + NH4(+).


regulation of toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 11 signaling pathway.


somite rostral/caudal axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the rostro-caudal axis of a somite, prior to the morphological formation of a somite boundary.


regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell proliferation.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + cis-zeatin <=> H+ + cis-zeatin-7-N-glucoside + UDP.


ABC-type vitamin B12 transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: vitamin B12(out) + ATP + H2O = ADP + an vitamin B12(in) + H+ + phosphate. Vitamin B12 is alkylcob(III)alamin.


spore germination

The physiological and developmental changes that occur in a spore following release from dormancy up to the earliest signs of growth (e.g. emergence from a spore wall).


cyclopentanol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyclopentanol + NAD+ = cyclopentanone + H+ + NADH.


peptidyl-cysteine modification to S-amindino-L-cysteine

The amidinylation of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-amidino-L-cysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxyphenanthrene + O2 = H+ + 2-hydroxy-2 H-benzo[h]chromene-2-carboxylate.


cellular response to reactive oxygen species

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals.


amine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom.


NAD+- protein-cysteine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-cysteinyl-[protein] + NAD+ = H+ + nicotinamide + S-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-cysteinyl-[protein].


protein arginine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein arginine = ADP + protein arginine phosphate.


benzo(a)pyrene 4,5-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzo(a)pyrene + O2 = benzo(a)pyrene-cis-4,5-dihydrodiol.


protein localization to lysosome

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a lysosome.


negative regulation of mitotic cytokinesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinesis.


UAA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UAA codon.


positive regulation of cell migration by vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, which activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the orderly movement of a cell from one site to another.


bulbus arteriosus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the bulbus arteriosus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The bulbus arteriosus is an elastic heart chamber.


histone H3Y41 kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: histone H3-tyrosine (position 41) + ATP = histone H3-phosphotyrosine (position 41) + ADP. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to the tyrosine residue at position 41 of histone H3.


positive regulation of thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway.


prostaglandin D2 11-ketoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin D2 + H+ + NADPH = 11-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha + NADP+.


response to molecule of fungal origin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus by molecules of fungal origin such as chito-octamer oligosaccharide.


versicolorin B synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: versiconal = versicolorin B + H2O.


regulation of cardiac chamber formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac chamber formation.


pattern specification process

Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate.


Catalysis of the reaction: malonyl-CoA + a palmitoyl-[acp] = 1-heptadecene + 2 carbon dioxide + coenzyme A + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


metal-dependent deNEDDylase activity

An metal-dependent isopeptidase activity that cleaves NEDD8 from a target protein to which it is conjugated.


dehydroaustinol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dehydroaustinol.


stretch-activated, monoatomic cation-selective, calcium channel activity involved in regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens in response to a mechanical stress in the form of stretching, and contributing to the regulation of action potential in a cardiac muscle cell.


aldaric acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldaric acid, any dicarboxylic acid formed by oxidation of by the terminal groups of an aldose to carboxyl group.


peripheral B cell selection

Any B cell selection process that occurs in the periphery.


substrate localization to autophagosome

The localization process by which an autophagic substrate is delivered to a forming autophagosome.


dGMP salvage

Any process which produces a dGMP from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


response to methamphetamine hydrochloride

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methamphetamine hydrochloride stimulus.


microtubule-based process

Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins.


Catalysis of the reaction: nitrilotriacetate + OH- = H+ + 2 e- + glyoxylate + iminodiacetate.


pullulan catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pullulan, a neutral linear polysaccharide composed of repeating units of maltotriose joined by alpha-(1,6)-linkages.


positive regulation of cytokinesis, site selection

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of site selection that occurs as part of cytokinesis.


formaldehyde dismutase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 formaldehyde + H2O = methanol + formate.


positive regulation of intracellular sterol transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sterols within cells.


dorsal vessel aortic cell fate commitment

The commitment of dorsal vessel cardioblast cells to an aortic cell fate and their capacity to differentiate into aortic cells. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


L-methionine biosynthetic process from homoserine via O-acetyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methionine from other compounds, including homoserine, via the intermediates O-acetyl-L-homoserine and cystathionine.


chloroplast fission

The division of a chloroplast within a cell to form two or more separate chloroplast compartments. This division occurs independently of mitosis.


intracellular ornithine homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of orthinine within a cell.


olfactory bulb development

The progression of the olfactory bulb over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory bulb coordinates neuronal signaling involved in the perception of smell. It receives input from the sensory neurons and outputs to the olfactory cortex.


lactam catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactams, any cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.


notochord regression

The developmental process in which the stucture of the notochord is destroyed in an embryo.


CD80 biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD80, a CD marker that occurs on antigen presenting cells such as activated B cells and monocytes that provides a co-stimulatory signal necessary for T cell activation and survival.


Lewis x epitope biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a Lewis x epitope, a trisaccharide (beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1,3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine) expressed on several glycolipids, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans of the nervous system. The related Lewis x epitope is formed by alpha(1,3) fucosylation of the N-acetylglucosaminyl residue of a type 2 histo-blood group antigen precursor disaccharide.


regionalization

The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of an axis or axes in space to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place or in which cells interpret a specific environment.


negative regulation of flocculation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the non-sexual aggregation of single-celled organisms.


L-glutamine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-glutamine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-glutamine is 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid.


positive regulation of cholangiocyte apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cholangiocyte apoptotic process.


negative regulation of female pigmentation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in females.


C-terminal protein lipidation

The covalent attachment of a lipid group to the carboxy-terminus of a protein.


cellular response to amino acid stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amino acid stimulus. An amino acid is a carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups.


lactate 2-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-lactate + O2 = acetate + CO2 + H2O.


cell wall modification involved in fruit ripening

The series of events resulting in chemical or structural alterations of existing cell walls that contribute to fruit ripening.


regulation of telomerase RNA localization to Cajal body

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase RNA localization to Cajal body.


positive regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus.


hypoglossal nerve formation

The process that gives rise to the hypoglossal nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue.


choline transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of choline from one side of a membrane to the other. Choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.


positive regulation of stomatal opening

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stomatal opening.


regulation of double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm. Double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm is a type of fertilization where one of the two sperm nuclei from the pollen tube fuses with the egg nucleus to form a 2n zygote, and the other fuses with the two polar nuclei to form the 3n primary endosperm nucleus and then develops into the endosperm. The ploidy level of the 2n zygote and 3n primary endosperm nucleus is determined by the ploidy level of the parents involved. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.


occlusion by symbiont of host vascular system

The process in which an organism reduces the flow of fluid within its host's vascular system, the vessels and tissue that carry or circulate fluids, such as blood, lymph or sap, through the body of an animal or plant. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


coenzyme F420-1:gamma-L-glutamate ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + L-glutamate + factor gamma-F420-1 = GDP + H+ + factor gamma-F420-2 + phosphate.


organophosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving organophosphates, any phosphate-containing organic compound.


amylo-alpha-1,6-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen phosphorylase limit dextrin. Limit dextrin is the highly branched core that remains after exhaustive treatment of glycogen with glycogen phosphorylase. It is formed because these enzymes cannot hydrolyze the (1->6) glycosidic linkages present.


acryloyl-CoA reductase (NADH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: propanoyl-CoA + NAD+ = acryloyl-CoA + H+ + NADH.


glycine dehydrogenase (cyanide-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycine + 2 A = HCN + CO2 + 2 AH2.


negative regulation of neuroblast migration

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuroblast migration.


phagosome-lysosome docking

The initial attachment of a phagosome membrane to a lysosome membrane. Docking requires only that the proteins come close enough to interact and adhere.


negative regulation of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway activity.


negative regulation of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation.


canthaxanthin 3-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: canthaxanthin + a reduced electron acceptor + oxygen = adonirubin + an oxidized electron acceptor + H2O.


fat body development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fat body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A fat body is an insect gland dorsal to the insect gut, with a function analogous to that of the vertebrate liver. It is a storage organ for fats, glycogen and protein and is a major site of intermediary metabolism.


chromate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: chromate = chromium (III).


pronephros morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the pronephros are generated and organized. In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensable for larval life.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-chloro-2-oxopent-4-enoate + H2O = 5-chloro-4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanate.


response to cGMP

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cGMP (cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus.


L-methionine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-methionine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-methionine is 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid.


islet amyloid polypeptide processing

The formation of mature islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) by posttranslational processing of pro-islet amyloid polypeptide (pro-IAPP).


monosaccharide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monosaccharides, polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms.


luteolysis

The lysis or structural demise of the corpus luteum. During normal luteolysis, two closely related events occur. First, there is loss of the capacity to synthesize and secrete progesterone (functional luteolysis) followed by loss of the cells that comprise the corpus luteum (structural luteolysis). Preventing luteolysis is crucial to maintain pregnancy.


aldehyde oxygenase (deformylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction a long-chain aldehyde + O2 + 2 NADPH = an alkane + formate + H2O + 2 NADP+.


negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in neural plate anterior/posterior pattern formation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin in the anterior end of the neural plate. This regulation sets up a Wnt signaling gradient along the anterior/posterior axis.


negative regulation of eosinophil activation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil activation.


aerobic glycerol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, in the presence of oxygen.


establishment of floral organ orientation

The process that determines the orientation of the floral organs with reference to the central axis of the flower.


regulation of GABA-A receptor activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of GABA-A receptor activity.


negative regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil apoptotic process.


striated muscle adaptation

Any process in which striated muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. These adaptive events occur in both muscle fibers and associated structures (motoneurons and capillaries), and they involve alterations in regulatory mechanisms, contractile properties and metabolic capacities.


sodium-dependent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of organic anions from one side of a membrane to the other, in a sodium dependent manner.


pigment metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving pigment, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, e.g. melanin.


alpha-D-ribose 1-methylphosphonate 5-triphosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + methylphosphonate = alpha-D-ribose 1-methylphosphonate 5-triphosphate + adenine.


glomus development

The progression of the glomus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The glomus forms from the splanchnic intermediate mesoderm and is the vascularized filtration unit, filtering the blood before it enters the tubules. The glomus is external to the nephron and extends over more than one body segment.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 5-phosphate + ADP + H+ = ADP-ribose + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrochelirubine + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 12-hydroxydihydrochelirubine + H2O + NADP+.


cadinene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cadinene.


mitochondrial DNA replication

The process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized in the mitochondrion.


chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 6 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 6 (CCL6) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


response to quercetin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a quercetin stimulus.


positive regulation by symbiont of host apoptotic process

Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the host, where programmed cell death proceeds by apoptosis. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


octanol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octanol, the 8-carbon alcohol with the formula C8H17OH.


mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development

The multiplication or reproduction of mesenchymal cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time.


response to non-ionic osmotic stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of non-ionic solutes (e.g. mannitol, sorbitol) in the environment.


regulation of floral organ abscission by signal transduction

The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the level or activity of a second messenger or other downstream target, and ultimately modulating the rate, or extent of floral organ abscission.


regulation of catalase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of catalase activity.


asperthecin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asperthecin, an anthraquinone pigment obtained from the mould Aspergillus nidulans.


cellular response to miconazole

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a miconazole stimulus.


trimethylenediamine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of trimethylenediamine.


serotonin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties.


orotic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving orotic acid.


cortical collecting duct development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cortical collecting duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cortical collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex.


response to acrylamide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acrylamide stimulus.


fumarylpyruvate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: fumarylpyruvate + H2O = fumarate + pyruvate + H+.


monoatomic anion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a negatively charged ion from one side of a membrane to the other.


establishment of planar polarity involved in nephron morphogenesis

Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium that contributes to the shaping of a nephron.


negative regulation of organic acid transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of organic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


GPI anchor biosynthetic process via N-cysteinyl-glycosylphosphatidylinositolethanolamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-cysteine ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a cysteinyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.


D-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome c-553) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-lactate + 2 [Fe(III)cytochrome c553] = 2 [Fe(II)cytochrome c553] + 2 H+ + pyruvate.


plastid DNA replication

The process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized in a plastid.


positive regulation of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation.


L-lyxose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-lyxose, the L-enantiomer of aldopentose lyxo-pentose, the C-2 epimer of xylose.


de-etiolation

The greening response of plants grown in the dark (etiolated) as a result of chloroplast biogenesis and the accumulation of chlorophyll.


lens fiber cell apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a lens fiber cell. Lens fiber cells are elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in a camera-type eye.


protoporphyrinogen IX biosynthetic process from glycine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of protoporphyrinogen IX from other compounds, including glycine.


mannogen catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mannogen, a mannose-containing polysaccharide that is a major energy reserve in Leishmania.


lysosomal enzyme production involved in inflammatory response

The synthesis or release of lysosomal enzymes following a stimulus as part of a inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in intracellular or extracellular levels.


protein homotrimerization

The formation of a protein homotrimer, a macromolecular structure consisting of three noncovalently associated identical subunits.


antiphagocytosis

Any process in which a symbiont avoids phagocytosis by a host cell, for example a phagocyte or a macrophage. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


sperm aster formation

Formation and organization of an aster composed of microtubule arrays originating from the sperm basal body and extending virtually to the egg periphery. The sperm aster ensures the appropriate positioning of the male and female pronuclei.


allose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving allose, allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate = 2-oxoglutaramate + L-glutamate.


terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoid indole alkaloids, compounds formed from the condensation of tryptamine (derived from tryptophan) and secologanin (derived from geranyl pyrophosphate).


GPI anchor release

The GPI anchor metabolic process that results in enzymatic cleavage of the anchor, releasing an anchored protein from the membrane.


ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together an ubiquitin ligase and an ubiquitin ligase-substrate adaptor, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way.


regulation of pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway.


voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

Any voltage-gated calcium channel activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration.


vesicle targeting, inter-Golgi cisterna

The process in which vesicles are directed to specific destination membranes during transport from one Golgi cisterna to another.


dendritic cell chemotaxis

The movement of a dendritic cell in response to an external stimulus.


regulation of activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process.


cornea development in camera-type eye

The progression of the cornea over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cornea is the transparent structure that covers the anterior of the eye.


lipoprotein biosynthetic process via N-acyl transfer

The chemical reactions and pathways by which N-acyl transfer leads to formation of a water-soluble protein-lipid complex.


protein localization to outer membrane

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location the cell outer membrane.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-beta-cholestane-3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha-triol + NADPH + O2 = 5-beta-cholestane-3-alpha,7-alpha,12-alpha,26-tetraol + NADP+ + H2O.


thiosulfate binding

Binding to a thiosulfate, a sulfur oxide that has formula O3S2.


phenol O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phenol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + anisole + H+.


cis-chlorobenzene dihydrodiol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the conversion of a di- or tetrachlorinated dienol to the corresponding catechol.


positive regulation by virus of host cell division

Any process where an infecting virus activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of its host's cell division.


pentitol phosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving pentitol phosphates, any phosphorylated alditol with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.


tolerance induction in Peyer's patch

Tolerance induction taking place in the Peyer's patches.


protein C-linked glycosylation via 2'-alpha-mannosyl-L-tryptophan

The glycosylation of a peptidyl-tryptophan residue by the transfer of alpha-mannopyranose from dolichyl-activated mannose to the indole ring.


cap-independent translational initiation of circular RNA

The process where translation initiation recruits the 40S ribosomal subunits in a cap and 5' end independent fashion before an AUG codon is encountered in an appropriate sequence context to initiate circRNA translation.


positive regulation of male gonad development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of male gonad development.


pancreas regeneration

The regrowth of a destroyed pancreas.


pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside 7-O-glucosyltransferase (acyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside + 1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose <=> pelargonidin 3,7-di-O-beta-D-glucoside + vanillate + H+.


positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a gram-positive bacterium by a neutrophil.


iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-N3'-histidino tetrairon tetrasulfide

The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-N3'-histidino tetrairon tetrasulfide.


apposition of dorsal and ventral imaginal disc-derived wing surfaces

The coming together of the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the imaginal disc-derived wing during the conversion of a folded single layered wing disc to a flat bilayered wing.


D-arabitol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabitol, the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group. The D enantiomer is present in lichens and mushrooms.


exocyst assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of various polypeptides into the exocyst complex.


larval wandering behavior

The movement of a third instar larva through a substrate in search of a pupation site. This movement occurs without feeding and is characterized by short bursts of forward movement, separated by stops and repeated side-to-side head probes, followed normally by a change in direction.


regulation of acinar cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of acinar cell proliferation.


regulation of nematode larval development, heterochronic

Any process that modulates the consistent predetermined time point at which a nematode larva progresses from an initial condition to a later condition and the rate at which this time point is reached.


Catalysis of the reaction: cirsimaritin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> salvigenin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


gastrulation

A complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. The details of gastrulation vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.


regulation of glucose transmembrane transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport across a membrane. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


negative regulation of compound eye pigmentation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in the compound eye.


regulation of microglial cell migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell migration.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a fatty acid + sphingosine.


biphenyl synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3 malonyl-CoA + benzoyl-CoA = 4 CoA + 3,5-dihydroxybiphenyl + 4 CO2.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-carboxybenzaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = NADH + 2 H+ + phthalate.


protein-N-terminal asparagine amidohydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-terminal L-asparaginyl-[protein] + H+ + H2O = N-terminal L-aspartyl-[protein] + NH4+. This reaction is the deamidation of an N-terminal asparagine residue in a peptide or protein.


nucleosome organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of one or more nucleosomes.


pronephros formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the pronephros. In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensable for larval life.


specification of segmental identity, head

The specification of the characteristic structures of the head segments following establishment of segment boundaries. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


regulation of ubiquitin-protein transferase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin transferase activity.


L-leucine transaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + L-leucine = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + L-glutamatic acid.


protein O-linked mannosylation

The transfer of mannose from dolichyl activated mannose to the hydroxyl group of a seryl or threonyl residue of a protein acceptor molecule, to form an O-linked protein-sugar linkage.


mannan synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: mannan(n) + GDP-mannose = mannan(n+1) + GDP. This reaction is the formation of the beta-(1->4)-linked mannan backbone in substrates such as galactomannan.


delphinidin 7-O-glucoside acyltransferase (acyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-glucoside + 1-O-4-hydroxybenzoyl-beta-D-glucose <=> delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-(6-O-(p-hydroxybenzoyl)-glucoside) + beta-D-glucose.


protein K33-linked ubiquitination

A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 33 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein.


anterior/posterior axis specification, embryo

The specification of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo by the products of genes expressed maternally and genes expressed in the zygote.


positive regulation of ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport.


sequestering of TGFbeta in extracellular matrix

Confining TGFbeta to the extracellular matrix (ECM) such that it is separated from other components of the signaling pathway, including its cell surface receptor. TGFbeta is secreted as part of a latent complex that is targeted to the extracellular matrix through latent-TGFbeta-binding protein (LTBP)-mediated association with matrix proteins.


regulation of response to butan-1-ol

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to butan-1-ol.


Bergmann glial cell differentiation

The process in which neuroepithelial cells of the neural tube give rise to Brgmann glial cells, specialized bipotential progenitors cells of the cerebellum. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


morphogenesis of an epithelial fold

The morphogenetic process in which an epithelial sheet bends along a linear axis.


neurotransmitter binding

Binding to a neurotransmitter, any chemical substance that is capable of transmitting (or inhibiting the transmission of) a nerve impulse from a neuron to another cell.


circumnutation

The organismal movement by which the tip of a plant organ follows a spiral pattern as a consequence of growth.


cellular response to dithiothreitol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dithiothreitol stimulus.


positive regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction by p53 class mediator.


metanephric macula densa development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric macula densa over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the metanephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus.


trans-synaptic signaling by nitric oxide, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of nitric oxide molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse.


cell wall macromolecule catabolic process involved in cell wall disassembly

The chemical reactions and pathways that result in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall, and contributes to the breakdown of the cell wall.


arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity

Catalysis of an NADPH- and oxygen-dependent reaction that converts arachidonic acid to a cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid.


acyl-CoA 11-(E)-desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an 11,12-saturated fatty acyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H+ + O2 = an (11E)-delta11-fatty acyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O.


TORC1 signaling

A series of intracellular molecular signals mediated by TORC1; TOR (target of rapamycin) in complex with at least Raptor (regulatory-associated protein of TOR), or orthologs of, and other signaling components.


UDP-glucose: 9-methylthiononylhydroximate S-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 9-methylthiononylhydroximate <=> 8-methylthiooctyldesulfoglucosinolate + UDP + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4,5-dihydroxyphthalate = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + CO2.


mitral valve development

The progression of the mitral valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chloronitrobenzene + NADPH + H+ = 1-chloro-4-nitrosobenzene + NADP+ + H2O.


regulation of pancreatic stellate cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic stellate cell proliferation.


protein localization to mating projection tip

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a mating projection tip.


cellular response to unfolded protein

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus.


synaptic transmission, noradrenergic

The vesicular release of noradrenaline (norepinephrine) a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of noradrenaline receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.


animal organ regeneration

The regrowth of a lost or destroyed animal organ.


sporocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized floral cell acquires the specialized features of a sporocyte. Sporocytes are the haploid spores of angiosperms. Once formed, they undergo meiotic divisions to form microspores and megaspores.


arabinonate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinonate = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-arabinonate + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-polyprenyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-polyprenyl-3-methyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: neoagarobiose + H2O <=> 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose + beta-D-galactoside.


transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

Any transmitter-gated ion channel activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential.


autophagosome organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an autophagosome.


regulation of defense response by callose deposition

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of defense response by callose deposition.


Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage to give 5'-phosphooligonucleotide end-products, with a preference for cleavage within the sequence CC.


dendritic cell migration

The movement of a dendritic cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


Latia-luciferin monooxygenase (demethylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 O2 + donor-H2 + Latia luciferin = light + H2O + acceptor + formate + CO2 + oxidized Latia luciferin.


guanosine pentaphosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.


cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell. A cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell covers the heart vasculature and lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers.


mycocerosate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + 7n H+ + n methylmalonyl-CoA + 2n NADPH = n CO2 + n CoA + n H2O + multi-methyl-branched acyl-CoA + 2n NADP+.


lipoxin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a lipoxin. A lipoxin is a non-classic eicosanoid and signalling molecule that has four conjugated double bonds and is derived from arachidonic acid.


positive regulation of embryo sac egg cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of embryo sac egg cell differentiation.


negative regulation of embryo sac egg cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of embryo sac egg cell differentiation.


plastid rRNA transcription

The synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from a plastid DNA template, usually by a specific plastid RNA polymerase.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein L-glutamate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein L-glutamate 5-methyl ester; this reaction is the methylation of peptidyl-L-glutamate to form peptidyl-L-glutamate 5-methyl ester.


regulation of neurotransmitter uptake

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a neuron or glial cell.


cellular response to differentiation-inducing factor 2

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pentan-1-one stimulus.


protein-glycine ligase activity

Catalysis of the posttranslational transfer of one or more glycine residues to a specific glutamate residue on a target protein.


scytalone dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: scytalone = 1,3,8-trihydroxynaphthalene + H2O.


regulation of cardiac chamber morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac chamber morphogenesis.


histone H2B acetylation

The modification of histone H2B by the addition of an acetyl group.


segment specification

The process in which segments assume individual identities; exemplified in insects by the actions of the products of the homeotic genes.


diethyl 2-methyl-3-oxosuccinate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: diethyl (2R,3R)-2-methyl-3-hydroxysuccinate + NADP+ = diethyl 2-methyl-3-oxosuccinate + H+ + NADPH.


negative regulation of response to nutrient levels

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to nutrient levels.


plant-type ovary development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an ovary that produces an ovule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ovary is the enlarged basal portion of a carpel and matures into a fruit. An ovule is the multicellular structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells, and develops into a seed.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phenylethanol + acetyl-CoA = phenethyl acetate + coenzyme A.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,4-trimethylpentanoate + CoASH = 2,4,4-trimethylpentanoyl-CoA + OH-.


fungal-type cell wall disassembly

A cellular process that results in the breakdown of a fungal-type cell wall.


cardiac cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. A cardiac cell is a cell that will form part of the cardiac organ of an individual.


AGU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AGU codon.


lipid antigen assembly with MHC class Ib protein complex

The binding of a lipid antigen to the antigen binding groove of an MHC class Ib protein complex. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 gene family.


regulation of response to oxidative stress

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to oxidative stress.


muscle atrophy

A process, occurring in the muscle, that is characterized by a decrease in protein content, fiber diameter, force production and fatigue resistance in response to different conditions such as starvation, aging and disuse.


choline biosynthetic process via phosphoryl-ethanolamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), via the intermediate phosphoryl-ethanolamine.


alpha-glucan catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alpha-glucans.


positive regulation of immune effector process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune effector process.


metallodipeptidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.