response to wounding

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism.


choline-sulfatase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: choline sulfate + H2O = choline + H+ + sulfate.


regulation of membrane potential

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.


UDP-rhamnose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-L-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


regulation of Schwann cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell differentiation.


6-phosphoglucan, water dikinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: n ATP + n H2O + a 6-phosphogluco-maltodextrin = n AMP + n hydrogenphosphate + a poly-6-phosphogluco-maltodextrin.


TRAIL death-inducing signaling complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a TRAIL death-inducing signaling complex.


sn-glycerol 3-phosphate binding

Binding to sn-glycerol 3-phosphate.


aminoacylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an N-acyl-L-amino acid + H2O = a carboxylate + an L-amino acid.


fatty acid homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of fatty acid within an organism or cell.


evasion of host innate immune recognition

A process by which a symbiont avoids recognition by host's innate immune response by altering a conserved molecule recognized by the host's cell surface and intracellular innate immune receptors, including Toll-like receptors, and NOD-like receptors. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to Aroclor 1254

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an Aroclor 1254 stimulus.


regulation of ascus development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ascus development, a process that leads to the formation of basidium, a sac-like structure produced by fungi of the phylum Ascomycota (sac fungi) in which sexually produced spores (ascospores), usually four or eight in number, are formed.


positive regulation of border follicle cell migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of border follicle cell migration.


negative regulation of steroid metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids.


negative regulation of horizontal cell localization

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of horizontal cell localization.


positive regulation of aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation.


myeloid dendritic cell chemotaxis

The movement of a myeloid dendritic cell in response to an external stimulus.


flagellated sperm motility

The directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium (aka flagellum) that contributes to the movement of a flagellated sperm.


lupeol 28-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: lupeol + NADPH(4-) + O2 + H+ <=> betulin + NADP(3-) + H2O.


shikimate 3-dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: shikimate + NADP+ = 3-dehydroshikimate + NADPH + H+.


spliceosomal snRNP assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of one or more snRNA and multiple protein components to form a ribonucleoprotein complex that is involved in formation of the spliceosome.


10-oxogeraniol oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (6E)-8-oxogeraniol + NADP <=> (6E)-8-oxogeranial + NADPH + H+.


structural constituent of egg chorion

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of an egg chorion. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


Catalysis of the reaction: zeaxanthin + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 O2 <=> nostoxanthin + 2 NAD + 2 H2O.


negative regulation of hormone metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone.


lymph gland plasmatocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized larval lymph gland-derived hemocyte precursor cell acquires the specialized features of the phagocytic blood-cell type, the plasmatocyte.


negative regulation of mesodermal cell fate specification

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm cell fate specification.


regulation of ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport, the directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi.


violaxanthin de-epoxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: violaxanthin + 2 ascorbate = zeaxanthin + 2 dehydroascorbate + 2 H2O; and antheraxanthin + ascorbate = zeaxanthin + dehydroascorbate + H2O.


pigment accumulation

The aggregation of coloring matter in a particular location in an organism, tissue or cell, occurring in response to some external stimulus.


cell-cell junction organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell-cell junction. A cell-cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells.


low-affinity IgE receptor activity

Combining with low affinity with an immunoglobulin of the IgE isotype via the Fc region, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


negative regulation of cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching.


protein retention in Golgi apparatus

The retention of proteins within the Golgi apparatus. Golgi-localized carbohydrate-modifying enzymes have a short N-terminal domain that faces the cytosol, a single transmembrane alpha helix, and a large C-terminal domain that faces the Golgi lumen and that contains the catalytic site. How the membrane-spanning alpha helix in a Golgi enzyme causes its localization and prevents its movement to the plasma membrane is not known.


fourth ventricle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fourth ventricle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fourth ventricle is an irregularly shaped cavity in the rhombencephalon, between the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the isthmus in front, and the cerebellum behind. It is continuous with the central canal of the cord below and with the cerebral aqueduct above, and through its lateral and median apertures it communicates with the subarachnoid space.


L-ascorbate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4 L-ascorbate + O2 <=> 4 monodehydroascorbate + 2 H2O.


RNA strand-exchange activity

Facilitates the displacement of one strand of an RNA-RNA duplex and its replacement with a different strand of higher complementarity.


choline biosynthetic process via CDP-choline

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), via the intermediate CDP-choline.


superior raphe nucleus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the superior raphe nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


creatinine catabolic process to formate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of creatinine into other compounds, including formate.


4-hydroxybenzoate amino acid synthetase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + ATP + amino acid = 4-hydroxybenzoyl amino acid conjugate + AMP + diphosphate.


S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase NADP activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione + NADP+ = S-formylglutathione + NADPH + H+.


positive regulation of Schwann cell migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell migration.


ventral midline development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventral midline over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In protostomes (such as insects, snails and worms) as well as deuterostomes (vertebrates), the midline is an embryonic region that functions in patterning of the adjacent nervous tissue. The ventral midline in insects is a cell population extending along the ventral surface of the embryo and is the region from which cells detach to form the ventrally located nerve cords. In vertebrates, the midline is originally located dorsally. During development, it folds inwards and becomes the ventral part of the dorsally located neural tube and is then called the ventral midline, or floor plate.


negative regulation of synoviocyte proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synoviocyte proliferation.


dirigent protein activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + 2 coniferol + O2 <=> (+)-pinoresinol + 2 H2O.


retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway involved in lung bud formation

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a retinoic acid receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands contributing to the formation of the primary lung bud.


5S rRNA binding

Binding to a 5S ribosomal RNA, the smallest RNA constituent of a ribosome.


ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the compact cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized.


regulation of developmental pigmentation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the developmental process that results in the deposition of coloring matter in an organism.


response to diacyl bacterial lipopeptide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diacylated bacterial lipopeptide stimulus.


flavin-containing compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a flavin, any derivative of the dimethylisoalloxazine (7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(3H,10H)-dione) skeleton, with a substituent on the 10 position.


high-affinity zinc transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of zinc ions (Zn2+) from one side of a membrane to the other, probably powered by proton motive force. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


shikimate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of shikimate from one side of a membrane to the other. Shikimate is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids.


mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cell. Mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. These cells may also give rise to podocytes.


peptide cross-linking via (2R,6R)-lanthionine

The formation of a protein-protein cross-link between peptidyl-serine and peptidyl-cysteine by the synthesis of (2R,6R)-lanthionine (L-lanthionine).


fruit ripening

An developmental maturation process that has as participant a fruit. Ripening causes changes in one or more characteristics of a fruit (color, aroma, flavor, texture, hardness, cell wall structure) and may make it more attractive to animals and aid in seed dispersal.


response to photoperiod, blue light

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the detection of a blue light photoperiod stimulus. Blue light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of between 440 and 500nm.


halogen metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any halogen, elements of Group VII; includes metabolism of halogen-containing compounds.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine.


corrin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving corrin, C19H22N4, the fundamental heterocyclic skeleton of the corrinoids. It consists of four reduced pyrrole rings joined into a macrocyclic ring. Corrin is the core of the vitamin B12 molecule.


peptidyl-threonine octanoylation

The octanoylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O3-octanoyl-L-threonine, typical of the protein ghrelin.


positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in some heart process.


Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG) to an Fc-gamma receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region.


renal capsule specification

The regionalization process in which the identity of the renal capsule is specified. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


hyponitrite reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 hydroxylamine + 2 NAD+ = 2 H+ + hyponitrous acid + 2 NADH.


ciliary body morphogenesis

The process in which the ciliary body generated and organized. The ciliary body is the circumferential tissue inside the eye composed of the ciliary muscle and ciliary processes.


Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->6) linkages in (1->6)-beta-D-glucans.


neural crest-derived cardiac glial cell differentiation

The process in which a neural crest cell acquires the specialized features of a glial cell of the heart.


nucleobase metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleobase, a nitrogenous base that is a constituent of a nucleic acid, e.g. the purines: adenine, guanine, hypoxanthine, xanthine and the pyrimidines: cytosine, uracil, thymine.


mitochondrial protein-transporting ATPase activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; drives the transport of proteins into the mitochondrion via the mitochondrial inner membrane translocase complex.


molybdenum incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster

The incorporation of molybdenum into a metallo-sulfur cluster.


cellular response to glutathione

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glutathione stimulus.


alpha-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-linked alpha-D-glucose residue with release of alpha-D-glucose.


formation of peptidyl-cystine persulfide by sulphur transfer from H2S

The modification of a peptidyl-cystine residue in a protein by the direct addition of H2S, followed by the removal of 2 protons to form peptidyl-cysteine persulfide.


folate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydrofolate + NADP+ = folate + NADPH + H+.


glyoxal metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glyoxal.


1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate, the 5-phospho derivative of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose. 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate is an intermediate in the non-mevalonate pathway and a common precursor for isoprenoid, thiamin, and pyridoxol biosynthesis.


regulation of stomatal complex patterning

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of stomatal complex patterning.


response to mycophenolic acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mycophenolic acid stimulus.


3,5-dichloro-THPH methyl transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (3,5-dichloro-2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)hexan-1-one + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)hexan-1-one + H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


UDP-glucuronic acid dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucuronate + NAD+ = UDP-beta-L-threo-pentapyranos-4-ulose + CO2 + NADH + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: selenocysteine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = Se-methylselenocysteine + S-adenosyl-homocysteine.


oxalate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of oxalate, the organic acid ethanedioate.


4-hydroxytryptamine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxytryptamine + ATP = 4-hydoxytryptamine 4-phosphate + ADP + H+.


gene expression

The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript and its processing, translation and maturation for protein-coding genes.


mammillotegmental axonal tract development

The process in which the mammillotegmental tract progresses over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammillotegmental tract is the collection of axons that connects the ventral diencephalon to the tegmentum and pons.


very-low-density lipoprotein particle clearance

The process in which a very-low-density lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


regulation of dopamine secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine.


histone H2A K63-linked ubiquitination

A histone ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 63 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a lysine residue in histone H2A or the variant H2AX.


regulation of the force of skeletal muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the force of skeletal muscle contraction. The force of skeletal muscle contraction is produced by acto-myosin interaction processes through the formation of cross bridges.


neural plate axis specification

The pattern specification process in which the axes of the nervous system are established.


NAD-dependent protein de-2-hydroxyisobutyrylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + N6-(2-hydroxyisobutanoyl)-L-lysyl-[protein] + NAD+ = 2''-O-(2-hydroxyisobutanoyl)-ADP-D-ribose + L-lysyl-[protein] + nicotinamide.


galactoxylomannan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the exopolysaccharide galactoxylomannan. Galactoxylomannan is produced by a pathogenic fungus and causes paralysis in some animals.


lysosomal membrane organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lysosomal membrane. A lysosomal membrane is the lipid bilayer surrounding the lysosome and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm.


7S RNA binding

Binding to a 7S RNA, the RNA component of the signal recognition particle (SRP).


negative regulation of cellotriose metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellotriose metabolic process.


phototropism

The movement of an organism, or part of an organism, in response to a light stimulus, usually toward or away from it.


malonyl-CoA biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of malonyl-CoA, the S-malonyl derivative of coenzyme A.


formation of peptidyl-cystine persulfide by sulphur transfer from free cysteine

The modification of a peptidyl-cystine residue in a protein by the transfer of a sulfur atom from a free cysteine (in the process converting the free cysteine to alanine) to the peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-cysteine persulfide.


phenol-containing compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring.


leukocyte mediated immunity

Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a leukocyte.


mesonephric nephron tubule morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesonephric nephron tubule are generated and organized. A mesonephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephric nephron, the functional part of the mesonephros.


secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy, not direct ATP coupling. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.


peptidyl-pyrromethane cofactor linkage

The covalent binding of a pyrromethane (dipyrrin) cofactor to protein via the sulfur atom of cysteine forming dipyrrolylmethanemethyl-L-cysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: P1-P6-bis(5'-adenosyl) hexaphosphate + H2O = AMP + adenosine 5'-pentaphosphate.


negative regulation of vasculature development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vasculature development.


corticospinal neuron axon guidance through the cerebral peduncle

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a pyramidal cell that is part of the corticospinal tract is directed after exiting the internal capsule through the cerebral peduncle in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


establishment of organelle localization

The directed movement of an organelle to a specific location.


The methylation of 5-hydroxy-L-lysine to form peptidyl-N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-5-hydroxy-L-lysine.


(R)-4-hydroxyphenyllactate dehydrogenase (NADPH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + (R)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate = NADPH + H+ + 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate.


regulation of cellodextrin catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellodextrin catabolic process.


sevenless signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to sevenless (sev; a receptor tyrosine kinase) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


negative regulation of nerve growth factor production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of nerve growth factor (NGF).


eoxin E4 synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: eoxin D4 + H20 = eoxin E4 + glycine.


medulla reticulospinal tract morphogenesis

Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the medulla towards target cells in the spinal cord.


cellular response to lipoprotein particle stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoprotein particle stimulus.


FAT10 conjugating enzyme activity

Isoenergetic transfer of FAT10 from one protein to another via the reaction X-FAT10 + Y = Y-FAT10 + X, where both the X-FAT10 and Y-FAT10 linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal amino acid of FAT10 and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue.


regulation of cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cell differentiation that contributes to the progression of the placenta over time, from its initial condition to its mature state.


activation-induced cell death of T cells

A T cell apoptotic process that occurs towards the end of the expansion phase following the initial activation of mature T cells by antigen and is triggered by T cell receptor stimulation and signals transmitted via various surface-expressed members of the TNF receptor family such as Fas ligand, Fas, and TNF and the p55 and p75 TNF receptors.


Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + aminoglycoside = diphosphate + nucleotidylaminoglycoside.


positive regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation.


homocysteine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving homocysteine, the amino acid alpha-amino-gamma-mercaptobutanoic acid. Homocysteine is an important intermediate in the metabolic reactions of its S-methyl derivative, methionine.


snRNA methylation

The posttranscriptional addition of methyl groups to specific residues in an snRNA molecule.


embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis

The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the hindlimbs are generated and organized. The hindlimbs are the posterior limbs of an animal.


regulation of vesicle docking

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle docking.


antennal development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the antenna over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The antenna are the sensory structures on the head that are capable of detecting various environmental stimuli.


angioblast cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of an angioblast cell. Angioblasts are one of the two products formed from hemangioblast cells (the other being pluripotent hemopoietic stem cells).


peptidyl-lysine malonylation

The addition of a malonyl group (CO-CH2-CO) to peptidyl-lysine to form N6-malonyl-L-lysine.


regulation of B cell activation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of B cell activation.


adult salivary gland boundary specification

Determination in an adult organism of where the salivary gland forms, the total number of salivary gland cells and how many cells are allocated to each of the specialised cell types within the salivary gland.


propionate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of propionate from one side of a membrane to the other. Propionate (or propanoate) is the organic acid CH3-CH2-COOH.


The dehydration of peptidyl-S-carbamoyl-L-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-cyano-L-cysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: a branched-chain amino acid + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate + a 2-oxocarboxylate derived from the branched-chain amino acid.


negative regulation of ovulation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ovulation, the release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary.


perturbation by symbiont of host actin cytoskeleton via actin filament reorganization

The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host actin cytoskeleton by reorganizing the actin filaments, in a way that keeps the total filementous actin remains approximately constant. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


cell-matrix recognition

Cell recognition that involves the interaction of the cell with the extracellular matrix.


mammary gland duct regression in males

The process in which the epithelium of the mammary duct is destroyed in males.


N-methyl nucleosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7-methylxanthosine + H2O = 7-methylxanthine + H+ + ribofuranose.


cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition

A transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.


phosphoserine-tRNA(Cys) ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA(Cys) + O-phospho-L-serine + ATP = AMP + diphosphate + phosphoseryl-tRNA(Cys).


protein localization to cytosolic proteasome complex

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a cytosolic proteasome complex.


nucleobase binding

Binding to a nucleobase, any of a class of pyrmidines or purines, organic nitrogenous bases.


protein localization to actin cortical patch

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, an actin cortical patch.


phlobaphene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phlobaphenes, red pigments with oligomeric or polymeric structure derived from the flavonoid intermediate flavan-4-ols.


positive regulation of heart rate by norepinephrine

The process in which the secretion of norepinephrine into the bloodstream or released from nerve endings increases the rate of heart muscle contraction.


basket cell precursor proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of neuroblasts that will give rise to basket cells. A cerebellar basket cell is an inhibitory GABAergic interneuron found in the cerebellar cortex.


mitotic cell cycle

Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, which canonically comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M and includes replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. In some variant cell cycles nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division, or G1 and G2 phases may be absent.


regulation of G0 to G1 transition

A cell cycle process that modulates the rate or extent of the transition from the G0 quiescent state to the G1 phase.


gluconate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-gluconate = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + H2O.


positive regulation of mast cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of mast cell proliferation.


7SK snRNA binding

Binding to a 7SK small nuclear RNA (7SK snRNA).


bisdemethoxycurcumin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 4-coumaryl-CoA + malonyl-CoA + H2O + H+ <=> 3 coenzyme A + bisdemethoxycurcumin + 2 carbon dioxide.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + myricetin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + laricitrin.


ectopic germ cell programmed cell death

Programmed cell death of an errant germ line cell that is outside the normal migratory path or ectopic to the gonad. This is an important mechanism of regulating germ cell survival within the embryo.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate + ATP + NADPH = ADP + L-glutamate gamma-semialdehyde + NADP+ + phosphate.


1-18:2-2-16:1-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol desaturase activity (SN2-16:2 forming)

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-18:2-2-16:1-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor = 1-18:2-2-16:2-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


response to blue light

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a blue light stimulus. Blue light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of between 440 and 500nm.


glial cell migration in anterior lateral line nerve

The movement of a glial cell along the axons in the anterior lateral line nerve.


regulation of proline import across plasma membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of proline import into cell.


bromide peroxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 R-H + 2 bromide + H2O2 = 2 R-Br + 2 H2O. Enzymes with this activity often accept other halide ions as substrates, including chloride and iodide.


regulation of smoothened signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smoothened signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning.


schizogony

Cell division by multiple fission in which nuclei and other organelles in the parent cell divide repeatedly and move to the cell periphery before internal membranes develop around them, producing a large number of daughter cells simultaneously.


inhibitory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to an inhibitory C-type lectin receptor capable of inhibiting an immune effector process contributing to an immune response.


vacuole-mitochondria membrane tethering

The attachment of a mitochondrial membrane to a vacuolar membrane via molecular tethers that physically bridge their respective membranes and attach them to each other. The tethering may facilitate exchange of metabolites between the organelles.


Catalysis of the reaction: coniferyl aldehyde + H2O + NAD(P)+ = ferulate + NAD(P)H + H+.


heme oxidation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the loss of electrons from one or more atoms in heme.


negative regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process

Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxyphenanthrene + UDP-glucose = 2-hydroxy-1-phenanthryl-beta-D-glucopyranoside + UDP.


disruption of host cell envelope during viral entry

The disruption of host cell envelope by viral proteins during virus entry.


plasmid maintenance

The maintenance of the integrity of extrachromosomal plasmid DNA; includes processes that ensure plasmids are retained in the daughter cells after cell division.


R-loop processing

A DNA metabolic process that results in the disassembly of R-loops. R-loops are three-stranded nucleic acid structures consisitng of an RNA:DNA heteroduplex and a looped-out non-template strand. Aberrant formation and persistence of R-loops block transcription elongation and cause DNA damage. Mechanisms that resolve R-loops are essential for genome stability.


heart morphogenesis

The developmental process in which the heart is generated and organized. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.


deoxynucleotide transmembrane transporter activity

Catalyzes transport of all four deoxy (d) NDPs, and, less efficiently, the corresponding dNTPs, in exchange for dNDPs, ADP, or ATP.


cell growth mode switching, filamentous to budding

The process in which a cell switches from growing as a filament (elongated cells attached end-to-end) to growing as a round budding cell. An example of this is observed in Candida albicans.


negative regulation of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation.


cerebellum vasculature morphogenesis

The process in which the vasculature of the cerebellum is generated and organized.


regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) pathway.


cellular response to diosgenin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diosgenin stimulus.


dihydroorotase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-dihydroorotate + H2O = N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate + H+.


renal sodium excretion

The elimination of sodium ions from peritubular capillaries (or surrounding hemolymph in invertebrates) into the renal tubules to be incorporated subsequently into the urine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2,3-tri-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoylglycerol + N-(30-hydroxytriacontanoyl)-sphing-4-enine = di-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoylglycerol + N-[30-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyloxy)-triacontanoyl]-sphing-4-enine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-O-[N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl]-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = 3-O-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl]-L-seryl-[protein] + H+ + UDP.


propan-2-ol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving propan-2-ol.


dehiscence

The opening of an anther, fruit or other structure, which permits the escape of reproductive bodies contained within it.


isoflavonoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoflavonoids, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives, isomeric with flavonoids, containing a flavan skeleton. They are differentiated from flavonoids by the point of attachment of the aromatic ring group.


cGMP-mediated signaling

Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell via cyclic GMP (cGMP). Includes production of cGMP, and downstream effectors that further transmit the signal within the cell.


sesamin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + (+)-piperitol + NADPH + O2 <=> (+)-sesamin + NADP + 2 H2O.


CCL19-activated CCR7 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the C-C chemokine CCL19 to a C-C chemokine type 7 receptor (CCR7) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


cell motility involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

The movement of a cell along the process of a radial glial cell involved in cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial migration.


anhydrosialidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an N-acetylneuraminate glycoside = 2,7-anhydro-alpha-N-acetylneuraminate + an alpha-sialyl group. This reaction is the elimination of alpha-sialyl groups in N-acetylneuraminic acid glycosides, releasing 2,7-anhydro-alpha-N-acetylneuraminate.


glucocorticoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects.


Mo-molybdopterin cofactor catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.


phosphogluconate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 6-phospho-D-gluconate = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-6-phospho-D-gluconate + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) + medicagenate <=> UDP(3-) + a medicagenate monoglucoside.


quinoline 2-oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: quinoline + acceptor + H2O = isoquinolin-1(2H)-one + reduced acceptor.


negative regulation of lamellocyte differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lamellocyte differentiation. Lamellocytes differentiate massively in the lymph glands after parasitization and are large flat cells devoted to encapsulation of invaders too large to be phagocytosed by plasmatocytes.


negative regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast apoptotic process.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-quinovosamine + NAD(P) = UDP-2-acetamido-4-dehydro-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-glucose + H+ + NAD(P)H.


specification of axis polarity

The pattern specification process in which the polarity of a body or organ axis is established and maintained.


positive regulation of T cell extravasation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell extravasation.


negative regulation of cell differentiation involved in stem cell population maintenance

Any negative regulation of cell differentiation that is involved in stem cell population maintenance.


heterotrimeric G-protein binding

Binding to a heterotrimeric G-protein.


Catalysis of the reaction: phenylacetyl-CoA + L-glutamine = CoA + alpha-N-phenylacetyl-L-glutamine.


slime layer organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a slime layer. A slime layer is an easily removed, diffuse, unorganized layer of extracellular material that surrounds a cell.


protein-heme P460 linkage

The linkage of protein to heme P460.


background adaptation

Any process in which an organism changes its pigmentation (lightening in response to a brighter environment or darkening in response to a dimmer environment) in response to a change in light intensity.


regulation of neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicle

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicles.


D-arabitol catabolic process to xylulose 5-phosphate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. D-arabitol is converted into D-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to form D-xylulose-5-phosphate.


preribosome binding

Binding to a preribosome.


forebrain development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the forebrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The forebrain is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions).


RNA polymerase IV activity

Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template that contains an RNA polymerase IV specific promoter to direct initiation and catalyses DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'.


verruculogen biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of verruculogen.


anaerobic fructose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructose that occurs in the absence of oxygen.


molybdenum cofactor cytidylyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction CTP + molybdenum cofactor = diphosphate + cytidylyl molybdenum cofactor.


histidine N-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-histidine + acetyl-CoA = N(alpha)-acetyl-L-histidine + CoA + H+.


retinal blood vessel morphogenesis

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


positive regulation of nematode larval development

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of nematode larval development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nematode larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Nematode larval development begins with the newly hatched first-stage larva (L1) and ends with the end of the last larval stage (for example the fourth larval stage (L4) in C. elegans). Each stage of nematode larval development is characterized by proliferation of specific cell lineages and an increase in body size without alteration of the basic body plan. Nematode larval stages are separated by molts in which each stage-specific exoskeleton, or cuticle, is shed and replaced anew.


eye-antennal disc morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures derived from the eye-antennal disc are generated and organized. This includes the transformation of an eye-antennal imaginal disc from a monolayered epithelium in the larvae of holometabolous insects into recognizable adult structures including the eye, antenna, head capsule and maxillary palps.


right ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the right ventricular compact myocardium are generated and organized.


positive regulation of dopaminergic neuron differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic neuron differentiation.


negative regulation of L-dopa decarboxylase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of L-dopa decarboxylase activity.


engulfment of apoptotic cell

The removal of the apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, by a neighboring cell or by a phagocyte.


regulation of foraging behavior

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of foraging behavior.


hormonal regulation of the force of heart contraction

The process in which the hormones modulates the force of heart muscle contraction. A hormone is one of a group of substances formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells, in the same organism, upon which they have a specific regulatory action.


gentisate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate + H+ = CO2 + hydroquinone.


response to interleukin-6

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-6 stimulus.


protein-hormone receptor activity

Combining with a protein hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.


box H/ACA RNA 3'-end processing

Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of a box H/ACA RNA molecule.


peptide cross-linking via L-cystine

The oxidation of two peptidyl-cysteine residues to form a peptidyl-L-cystine (dicysteine) in which segments of peptide chain are linked by a disulfide bond; the cross-link may be between different or the same peptide chain.


regulation of nitrogen utilization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nitrogen utilization.


myoblast differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers.


positive regulation of systemic acquired resistance

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of systemic acquired resistance.


myeloid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation

The process in which a myeloid dendritic cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.


gibberellin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gibberellin. Gibberellins are a class of highly modified terpenes that function as plant growth regulators.


The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-5 binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


phytochrome chromophore biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the phytochrome chromophore. The phytochrome chromophore is a linear tetrapyrrolic prosthetic group covalently attached to the large soluble protein phytochrome. Light absorption by the phytochrome chromophore triggers photoconversion between two spectrally distinct forms of the photoreceptor: Pr, the red light absorbing form, and Pfr, the far red light absorbing form.


myrtenol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: myrtenol + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 2 H2O + myrtenal.


mRNA 3'-UTR AU-rich region binding

Binding to a region containing frequent adenine and uridine bases within the 3' untranslated region of a mRNA molecule or in pre-mRNA intron. The ARE-binding element consensus is UUAUUUAUU. ARE-binding proteins control the stability and/or translation of mRNAs.


development of primary male sexual characteristics

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary male sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. The primary male sexual characteristics are the testes, and they develop in response to sex hormone secretion.


regulation of mitotic cytokinesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinesis.


establishment of plant organ orientation

The process that determines the orientation of a plant organ or tissue with reference to an axis.


cardiac neuron fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a neuron of the heart.


response to desipramine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a desipramine stimulus.


pro-B cell differentiation

The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a pro-B cell. Pro-B cells are the earliest stage of the B cell lineage and undergo heavy chain D and J gene rearrangements, although they are not fully committed.


mannan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannan, the main hemicellulose of soft (coniferous) wood, made up of D-mannose, D-glucose and D-galactose.


fatty acid beta-oxidation, unsaturated, even number

A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway by which fatty acids having cis-double bonds on even-numbered carbons are degraded. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively).


inorganic molecular entity transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of an inorganic molecular entity from the outside of a cell to the inside of the cell across a membrane. An inorganic molecular entity is a molecular entity that contains no carbon.


glycosaminoglycan binding

Binding to a glycan (polysaccharide) containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues.


cellular response to catecholamine stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a catecholamine stimulus. A catecholamine is any of a group of biogenic amines that includes 4-(2-aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution.


eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4F complex.


tRNA N-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + cytidine = CoA + N4-acetylcytidine. The cytidine is within the polynucleotide chain of a tRNA.


terpenoid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of terpenoids, any member of a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure.


positive regulation of oogonium development

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oogonium development, a process that leads to the formation of a female gametangium of oomycetes, containing one or more gametes.


alcohol O-hexanoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: hexanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + a hexyl ester.


cis-zeatin UDP glycosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + cis-zeatin = H+ + 9-(alpha-D-glucosyl)-cis-zeatin + UDP.


regulation of platelet aggregation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of platelet aggregation. Platelet aggregation is the adhesion of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules.


inosine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + inosine = ADP + IMP.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (+)-epi-alpha-bisabolol.


negative regulation of metabolic activity involved in hibernation

The slowing of metabolic processes to very low levels in order to conserve energy as a part of hibernation.


cellular biogenic amine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways occurring at the level of individual cells resulting in the breakdown of biogenic amines, any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters.


cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity

cAMP-dependent catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.


regulation of programmed cell death

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death, cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes.


histone H3K36 trimethyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl36-[histone H3] + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3 H+ + N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysyl36-[histone H3] + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. This reaction is the successive addition of three methyl groups to the lysine residue at position 36 of histone H3, producing histone H3K36me3.


semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway involved in neuron projection guidance

Any semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway that is involved in neuron projection guidance.


Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxykynurenate + NAD+ = 7,8-dihydroxykynurenate + H+ + NADH.


zeaxanthin bis(beta-D-glucoside) metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving zeaxanthin bis(beta-D-glucoside).


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + gypsogenin = gypsogenin-28-beta-D-glucoside + UDP.


(+)-delta-cadinene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = diphosphate + (+)-delta-cadinene.


regulation of anterograde synaptic vesicle transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anterograde synaptic vesicle transport.


protein C-linked glycosylation

A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via a C atom.


hermaphrodite somatic sex determination

The determination of sex and sexual phenotypes in a hermaphroditic organism's soma. An example of this is found in Caenorhabditis elegans.


positive regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of the cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage.


lymph circulation

The flow of lymph through the body of an animal.


inorganic diphosphate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of inorganic diphosphate across a membrane.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glutamate(out) + Na+(out) = glutamate(in) + Na+(in).


ornithine N-benzoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-ornithine + 2 benzoyl-CoA = N(2),N(5)-dibenzoyl-L-ornithine + 2 CoA + 2 H+.


The acetylation of the N-terminal methionine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-methionine.


mannose to fructose-6-phosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways in which mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, is converted to fructose-6-phosphate.


coenzyme A metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.


5'-3' DNA/RNA helicase activity

Unwinding of a DNA/RNA duplex in the 5' to 3' direction, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


SCF complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the SKP1-Cullin/Cdc53-F-box protein ubiquitin ligase (SCF) complex.


regulation of xylan catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of xylan catabolic process.


positive regulation of catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances.


noradrenergic neuron fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a noradrenergic neuron.


positive regulation of erythrocyte differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte differentiation.


mesonephric distal tubule morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesonephric distal tubule are generated and organized. The mesonephric distal tubule is a mesonephric nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the mesonephric connecting tubule.


manganese ion homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of manganese ions within an organism or cell.


vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration

The orderly movement of a vascular associated smooth muscle cell from one site to another.


morphine 6-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: morphine + NAD(P)+ = morphinone + NAD(P)H + H+.


iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor.


positive regulation of triglyceride transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of triglyceride transport.


cellular response to cesium ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cesium stimulus.


bromoxynil nitrilase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile + 2 H2O = 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoate + NH4. Involved in the bacterial degradation of the herbicide bromoxynil.


undecan-2-one biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of undecan-2-one.


dCTP deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dCTP + H2O = dUTP + NH3.


inositol hexakisphosphate 3-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1D-myo-inositol hexakisphosphate = ADP + 3-diphospho-1D-myo-inositol (1,2,4,5,6)pentakisphosphate.


UDP-D-xylose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-D-xylose, uridinediphosphoxylose, a substance composed of xylose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


cell surface bile acid receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a bile acid to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


protein localization to nucleoplasm

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the nucleoplasm.


protein-DNA covalent cross-linking via the 3'-end to peptidyl-tyrosine

The formation of a covalent cross-link between DNA and a peptidyl-tyrosine residue by the formation of O4'-(phospho-3'-DNA)-L-tyrosine.


cell differentiation in hindbrain

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature cells of the hindbrain. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


stilbene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of stilbenes, a class of polyketide compounds formed from cinnamic acid and three molecules of malonyl CoA.


thiocyanate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving thiocyanate, the anion of thiocyanic acid, a toxic cyanide derivative commonly formed as a by-product in the production of gas for fuel, coke, and substances for chemical industries.


peptidyl-lysine methylation

The methylation of peptidyl-lysine to form either the mono-, di- or trimethylated derivative.


positive regulation of acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response to a non-antigenic stimulus.


regulation of carbohydrate catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrates.


negative regulation of response to wounding

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to wounding.


The carbamylation of the N-terminal alanine of proteins to form the derivative N-carbamoyl-L-alanine.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of naphtho-gamma-pyrone.


7-methylguanosine cap hypermethylation

Hypermethylation of the 7-(mono)methylguanosine (m(7)G) cap structure at the 2' position of the guanosine residue to convert a mono-methylated cap to a 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine cap structure. This type of cap modification occurs on small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and is dependent on prior guanine-N7 methylation.


UMP/dUMP kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + (d)UMP = ADP + (d)UDP.


negative regulation of pulmonary blood vessel remodeling

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pulmonary blood vessel remodeling.


antigen processing and presentation

The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.


negative regulation of glucose transmembrane transport

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport across a membrane. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


Notch signaling pathway involved in camera-type eye photoreceptor fate commitment

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of an extracellular ligand to a Notch receptor on the surface of the target cell that contributes to the commitment of a precursor cell to a eye photoreceptor fate.


3-oxo-dodecanoyl-ACP hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a 3-oxo-dodecanoyl-[acp] = 3-oxododecanoate + H+ + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation.


ABC-type oligogalacturonide transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + oligogalacturonide(out) = ADP + phosphate + oligogalacturonide(in).


negative regulation of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microglial cell mediated cytotoxicity.


regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.


Catalysis of the reaction: [(1->4)-alpha-D-galacturonide](n) + H2O = [(1->4)-alpha-D-galacturonide](n-1) + D-galacturonate.


negative regulation by host of viral genome replication

A process in which a host organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.


negative regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of small intestine smooth muscle contraction.


positive regulation of adipose tissue development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adipose tissue development.


microtubule bundle formation

A process that results in a parallel arrangement of microtubules.


specification of ovule identity

The regionalization process in which the identity of an ovule is specified. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


prevention of polyspermy

The negative regulation of fertilization process that takes place as part of egg activation, ensuring that only a single sperm fertilizes the egg.


4-phenanthrol sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-phenanthrol + X-SO3(-) = HX + 4-phenanthrylsulfate.


response to yeast

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a yeast species.


high-affinity IgA receptor activity

Combining with high affinity with an immunoglobulin of an IgA isotype via the Fc region, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


Catalysis of the reaction: coproporphyrinogen III + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = protoporphyrinogen IX + 2 CO2 + 2 L-methionine + 2 5'-deoxyadenosine.


anterograde trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic protein complex

Cell-cell signaling from presynapse to postynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by a trans-synaptic protein complex.


neuroblast fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will differentiate into a neuroblast.


specification of metanephric distal tubule identity

The process in which the distal tubule of the metanephric nephron acquires its identity.


selenomethionine gamma-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-Selenomethionine + H2O => Methaneselenol + Ammonia + 2-oxobutanoic acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: poly(ribitol phosphate) + UDP-D-glucose = beta-D-glucosylpoly(ribitol phosphate) + UDP.


The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-1 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


taxoid 7beta-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: taxusin + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 7beta-hydroxytaxusin + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O and 2alpha-hydroxytaxusin + [reduced NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 2alpha,7beta-dihydroxytaxusin + [oxidized NADPH-hemoprotein reductase] + H2O.


carbohydrate-importing ABC transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + carbohydrate(out) -> ADP + phosphate + carbohydrate(in).


R1/R6 development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the R1 and R6 pair of photoreceptors in the eye over time, from their formation to the mature structures. R1 and R6 are paired photoreceptors that contribute to the outer rhabdomeres. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


hexose oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: hexose + O2 = aldono-1,5-lactone + H202.


negative regulation of MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway.


dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 5,6-dihydropyrimidine (5,6-dihydrouracil or 5,6-dihydrothymine) + NAD+ = a pyrimidine (uracil or thymine) + NADH + H+.


negative regulation of cerebellar neuron development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cerebellar neuron development.


regulation of mRNA export from nucleus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.


organic cyclic compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic cyclic compound.


post-embryonic animal organ morphogenesis

Morphogenesis, during the post-embryonic phase, of an animal tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis pertains to process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.


glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (non-phosphorylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + NAD+ + H2O = 3-phospho-D-glycerate + NADH + H+.


imaginal disc development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the imaginal disc over time, from its formation to the metamorphosis to form adult structures. Imaginal discs are epithelial infoldings in the larvae of holometabolous insects that develop into adult structures (legs, antennae, wings, etc.).


determination of lung left/right asymmetry

Determination of the asymmetric location of the lungs with respect to the left and right halves of the organism.


carbonyl reductase (NADPH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: R-CHOH-R' + NADP+ = R-CO-R' + NADPH + H+.


ascending aorta morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the ascending aorta are generated and organized. The ascending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system that lies between the heart and the arch of aorta. In a two-pass circulatory system blood passes twice through the heart to supply the body once.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, oxygen as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen.


CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response

The process in which an antigenically naive CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell as part of an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells.


delphinidin 3-O-glucoside 7-O-glucosyltransferase (feruloyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: delphinidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside + 1-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucose <=> delphinidin 3,7-di O-beta-D-glucoside + ferulate + H+.


response to bisphenol A

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bisphenol A stimulus.


regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in mesonephros morphogenesis.


positive regulation of mammary placode formation by mesenchymal-epithelial signaling

Any process that initiates the formation of a mammary placode through a mechanism that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an epithelial cell resulting in the epithelial cell adopting the identity of a cell of the mammary placode.


relaxation of vascular associated smooth muscle

A negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction resulting in relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. The relaxation is mediated by a decrease in the phosphorylation state of myosin light chain. This can be achieved by removal of calcium from the cytoplasm to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen through the action of Ca2+ ATPases leading to a decrease myosin light chain kinase activity, and through calcium-independent pathways leading to a increase in myosin light chain phosphatase activity.


neuropeptide F receptor activity

Combining with neuropeptide F and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. Neuropeptide F is an arthropod peptide of more than 28 residues (typically 28-45) with a consensus C-terminal RxRFamide (commonly RPRFa, but also RVRFa.


rhamnogalacturonan II metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving rhamnogalacturonan II, a low molecular mass (5-10KDa) pectic polysaccharide. The backbone of RG-II contains at least 8 1,4-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues.


pyoverdine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the siderochrome pyoverdine.


regulation of somatic muscle development

Any process that regulates the rate, frequency or extent of somatic muscle development.


cobalt ion binding

Binding to a cobalt ion (Co).


2-oxo-acid reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a (2R)-hydroxy-carboxylate + acceptor = a 2-oxo-carboxylate + reduced acceptor.


negative regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alcohol biosynthetic process.


regulation of cholesterol import

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cholesterol import. Cholesterol import is the directed movement of cholesterol into a cell or organelle.


glycolate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycolate, the anion of hydroxyethanoic acid (glycolic acid).


interleukin-17 receptor activity

Combining with any member of the interleukin-17 family of cytokines and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


tolerance induction in gut-associated lymphoid tissue

Tolerance induction taking place in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT).


muscle organ development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The muscle is an organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work.


raucaffricine beta-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + raucaffricine = D-glucose + vomilenine.


Catalysis of the reaction: isovitexin + UDP-D-glucose = H+ + isovitexin 2''-O-beta-D-glucoside + UDP.


negative regulation of cartilage condensation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cartilage condensation.


regulation of renal water transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of renal water transport.


fructan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fructan a polysaccharide consisting of fructose residues.


regulation of developmental growth

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of developmental growth.


negative regulation of locomotion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of locomotion of a cell or organism.


cardiolipin synthase (CMP-forming)

Catalysis of the reaction: CDP-diacylglycerol + phosphatidylglycerol = CMP + diphosphatidylglycerol.


beta-hydroxybutyrate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of beta-hydroxybutyrate from one side of a membrane to the other. Beta-hydroxybutyrate is the conjugate base of (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid.


vacuolar localization

Any process in which the vacuole is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell.


negative regulation of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA-directed 5'-3' RNA polymerase activity.


nephron morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the nephron are generated and organized. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney.


nucleobase catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleobase, a nitrogenous base that is a constituent of a nucleic acid.


positive regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the adenosine receptor signaling pathway. The adenosine receptor pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adenosine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


streptomycin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving streptomycin, a commonly used antibiotic in cell culture media. It acts only on prokaryotes and blocks transition from initiation complex to chain elongating ribosome.


pyridine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyridine, a nitrogenous base (C5H5N) obtained from the distillation of bone oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor.


spindle pole body anchor activity

The binding activity of a protein that brings together the spindle pole body and one or more other molecules, permitting them to function in a coordinated way.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-polyprenyl-6-hydroxyphenol + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-polyprenyl-6-methoxyphenol + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, signal sequence recognition

The process in which SRP binds to the signal peptide in a nascent protein, causing protein elongation to pause, during cotranslational membrane targeting.


glucuronoside metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucuronosides, any compound formed by combination in glycosidic linkage of a hydroxy compound with the anomeric carbon atom of a glucuronate.


regulation of lateral root development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lateral root development.


monocyte extravasation

The migration of a monocyte from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue.


pyrimidine dimer repair by nucleotide-excision repair

The repair of UV-induced T-T, C-T, and C-C dimers by the recognition and removal of the damaged DNA strand from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate + H+ = 2,5-dioxopentanoate + CO2 + H2O.


macrolide binding

Binding to a macrolide, any of a large group of structurally related antibiotics produced by Streptomyces species.


instar larval or pupal morphogenesis

The process, occurring during instar larval or pupal development, by which anatomical structures are generated and organized.


protein folding in endoplasmic reticulum

A protein folding process that takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Secreted, plasma membrane and organelle proteins are folded in the ER, assisted by chaperones and foldases (protein disulphide isomerases), and additional factors required for optimal folding (ATP, Ca2+ and an oxidizing environment to allow disulfide bond formation).


putrescine binding

Binding to putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane, the polyamine formed by decarboxylation of ornithine and the metabolic precursor of spermidine and spermine.


glutathione-disulfide reductase (NADP) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + NADP+ = glutathione disulfide + NADPH + H+.


response to rest involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a rest stimulus. This process occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


P-type magnesium transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Mg2+(out) -> ADP + phosphate + Mg2+(in).


Catalysis of the reaction: cystine + 2 reduced glutathione = oxidized glutathione + 2 L-cysteine.


stipitatonate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + stipitatonate = CO2 + H+ + stipitatate.


3-isopropylmalate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (2R,3S)-3-isopropylmalate = (2S)-2-isopropylmalate.


regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another in a behavioral context; the aspect of locomotory behavior having to do with movement.


negative regulation of humoral immune response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response.


bicyclic nitroimidazole metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving bicyclic nitroimidazoles, imidazole derivatives with two rings and a nitro group attached to one ring.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 2,4-dihydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + gentamicin C(1a) = N(2')-acetylgentamicin C(1a) + CoA + H+. This is acetylation of the 2'-amino group of the 6-deoxy-6-aminoglucose ring.


optic cup formation involved in camera-type eye development

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the optic cup, a two-walled vesicle formed from the optic vesicle.


oxidative stress-induced premature senescence

A cellular senescence process associated with the dismantling of a cell as a response to oxidative stress, e.g. high levels of reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals.


cellular response to flavonoid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a flavonoid stimulus.


negative regulation of Wnt-mediated midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signaling pathway involved in midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation.


cysteine biosynthetic process via S-sulfo-L-cysteine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate S-sulfo-L-cysteine.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (17Z)-protosta-17(20),24-dien-3beta-ol.


positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of TGF-beta receptor signaling pathway activity.


methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (ferredoxin) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydrofolate + oxidized ferredoxin = 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + reduced ferredoxin.


cellular response to resveratrol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a resveratrol stimulus.


negative regulation of prostaglandin catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of prostaglandin catabolic process.


negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the growth hormone receptor signaling pathway. The growth hormone receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of growth hormone receptor binding to its physiological ligand.


interleukin-16 production

The appearance of interleukin-16 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


selenomethionine-tRNA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-selenomethionine + tRNA(Met) => AMP + diphosphate + selenomethionyl-tRNA(Met).


bradykinin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the peptide bradykinin.


sperm plasma membrane disassembly

The gradual disintegration of the sperm plasma membrane following insemination. This process is seen in Drosophila after entry of the entire sperm, surrounded by its plasma membrane, into the egg.


regulation of somitomeric trunk muscle development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of somitomeric trunk muscle development.


U6 snRNA binding

Binding to a U6 small nuclear RNA (U6 snRNA).


GUU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GUU codon.


reception of an inductive signal

The process in which one cell or group of cells receives, transduces, and responds to a signal generated by another cell or group of cells of different ancestry and developmental potential, such that the recipient cell(s) undergo a developmental change.


regulation of signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of pheromone-dependent signal transduction during conjugation with cellular fusion.


B-1 B cell proliferation

The expansion of a B-1 B cell by cell division. Follows B cell activation.


interleukin-37 production

The appearance of interleukin-37 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + oxalate = acetate + oxalyl-CoA.


mitochondrion-plasma membrane adaptor activity

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a mitochondrion and a plasma membrane either via membrane lipid binding or by interacting with a mitochondrial outer membrane protein, to establish or maintain the localization of the mitochondrion.


organic heteropentacyclic compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic heteropentacyclic compound.


IDP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of IDP, inosine 5'-diphosphate.


peptidyl-lysine dimethylation

The methylation of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine.


negative regulation of chondrocyte proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + L-valine = 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + L-isoleucine.


auxin-activated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated by the binding of the plant hormone auxin to a receptor, and ending with modulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


mesenchymal smoothened signaling pathway involved in prostate gland development

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane Smoothened-type protein in the mesenchymal cells of the prostate that contribute to the progression of the prostate over time. This process contributes to lung development.


cytidine salvage

Any process that generates cytidine, cytosine riboside, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.


ornithine N5-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-ornithine + O2 + H+ = N5-hydroxy-L-ornithine + H2O.


metaphase plate congression

The alignment of chromosomes at the metaphase plate (spindle equator), a plane halfway between the poles of the spindle.


atrioventricular valve morphogenesis

The process in which the structure of the atrioventricular valve is generated and organized.


hexose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a hexose, any monosaccharide with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.


betaine reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl phosphate + trimethylamine + thioredoxin disulfide = N,N,N-trimethylglycine + phosphate + thioredoxin.


positive regulation of flavonoid biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavonoids.


regulation of Wnt-mediated midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signaling pathway involved in midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation.


lobar bronchus development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lobar bronchus from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the lobar bronchus and ends with the mature structure. The lobar bronchus is the major airway within the respiratory tree that starts by division of the principal bronchi on both sides and ends at the point of its own subdivision into tertiary or segmental bronchi.


positive regulation by virus of viral protein levels in host cell

Any process where the infecting virus increases the levels of viral proteins in a cell.


signal recognition particle binding

Binding to a signal recognition particle.


regulation of horizontal cell localization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of horizontal cell localization.


multinuclear osteoclast differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of a multinuclear osteoclast. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue.


positive regulation of ribosomal large subunit export from nucleus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal large subunit export from nucleus.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-hydroxypentanoate + acetyl-CoA = 5-hydroxy-pentanoyl-CoA + acetate.


podocyte cell migration

The orderly movement of a podocyte from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism or multicellular structure. A podocyte is a specialized kidney epithelial cell.


lithocholate 6beta-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + lithocholate + NADPH + O2 = 6-beta-hydroxylithocholate + H2O + NADP+.


perithecium formation

The process of producing flask-shaped fruiting bodies, called perithecia. In the ascomycetous fungi such as Neurospora crassa and Sordaria macrospora, these perithecia are formed in the sexual phase and they discharge ascospores through the ostiolum at the tip of the perithecial neck.


secondary active cyanate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of cyanate from one side of a membrane to the other.


N-acetylcitrulline deacetylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-L-citrulline + H2O = citrulline + acetate.


negative regulation of hemocyte proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of hemocyte proliferation. Hemocytes are blood cells associated with a hemocoel (the cavity containing most of the major organs of the arthropod body) which are involved in defense and clotting of hemolymph, but not involved in transport of oxygen. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->2) and (1->3) linkages in mannan, releasing mannose.


positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a gram-negative bacterium by a neutrophil.


negative regulation of cell wall organization or biogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall organization or biogenesis.


thiocyanate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thiocyanate, any anion of thiocyanic acid.


blood vessel lumenization

The process in which a developing blood vessel forms an endothelial lumen through which blood will flow.


sesquisabinene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-) <=> diphosphoric acid + sesquisabinene.


aldehyde-lyase activity

Catalysis of the cleavage of a C-C bond in a molecule containing a hydroxyl group and a carbonyl group to form two smaller molecules, each being an aldehyde or a ketone.


post-embryonic anal fin morphogenesis

The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the anal fin are generated and organized. An anal fin is an unpaired medial fin on the ventral aspect near the caudal end of a fish, which provides lateral stability while swimming.


positive regulation of the force of heart contraction by circulating norepinephrine

The process in which the secretion of norepinephrine into the bloodstream modulates the force of heart muscle contraction.


regulation of cellular response to heat

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to heat.


regulation of inhibin secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of inhibin from a cell.


lipid modification

The covalent alteration of one or more fatty acids in a lipid, resulting in a change in the properties of the lipid.


regulation of action potential firing pattern

Any process that regulates the temporal pattern of a sequence of action potentials in a neuron.


proteinase-activated receptor activity

A G protein-coupled receptor activity that is activated by cleavage by a serine protease, exposing a tethered ligand corresponding to the new N-terminus, which binds to the receptor and activates it.


negative regulation of lactose biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lactose biosynthetic process.


low-affinity nitrate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of nitrate ions (NO3-) from one side of a membrane to the other. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.


establishment of glial blood-brain barrier

Establishment of the glial barrier between the blood and the brain. The glial cells in the brain are packed tightly together preventing the passage of most molecules from the blood into the brain. Only lipid soluble molecules or those that are actively transported can pass through the blood-brain barrier.


glycosyl compound biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosyl compound.


regulation of interphase mitotic telomere clustering

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic telomere clustering during interphase.


larval turning behavior

Fine-tuning the spatial position of a larva in response to variability in their environment. For example, reorientation of a larva in the direction of a food source.


positive regulation of L-tyrosine import across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of L-tyrosine import into the cell.


high-affinity L-arginine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of arginine from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


guanosine pentaphosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.


migration in host

The directional movement of an organism from one place to another within its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


glucarate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucarate = 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate + H2O.


cyanamide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanamide, NCNH2, a cyanide compound which has been used as a fertilizer, defoliant and in many manufacturing processes. It often occurs as the calcium salt, sometimes also referred to as cyanamide. The citrated calcium salt is used in the treatment of alcoholism.


recruitment of helicase-primase complex to DNA lesions

The recruitment of the helicase-primase complex to viral DNA lesions during viral DNA repair.


syringal lignin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of syringal lignin.


response to nickel cation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nickel cation stimulus.


response to cytokine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokine stimulus.


negative regulation of gonad development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gonad development.


activating MHC class I receptor activity

Combining with a MHC class I protein complex to mediate signaling that activates a lymphocyte.


gastric inhibitory peptide receptor activity

Combining with gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) and transmitting the signal across the membrane to activate an associated G-protein.


regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte mediated immunity.


snRNA binding

Binding to a small nuclear RNA (snRNA).


suppression of host autophagy

Any process in which a symbiont organism decreases the frequency, rate or extent of autophagy in the host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


brown fat cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of brown fat cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A brown fat cell is a fat cell found the thermogenic form of adipose tissue found in newborns of many species.