regulation of FasL production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of FasL.


regulation of protein catabolic process

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.


regulation of protein catabolic process at presynapse, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating a catabolic process occurring at a presynapse.


negative regulation of tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of the tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade.


regulation of hemoglobin biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hemoglobin, an oxygen carrying, conjugated protein containing four heme groups and globin.


regulation of ER-associated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ER-associated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process.


negative regulation of serine-type peptidase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of serine-type peptidase activity.


modulation by virus of host translation

Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation of host mRNA.


regulation of protein polyglycylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein polyglycylation.


positive regulation of tubulin deacetylase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tubulin deacetylase activity.


positive regulation of protein glutathionylation

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein glutathionylation. Protein glutathionylation is the protein modification process in which a glutathione molecule is added to a protein amino acid through a disulfide linkage.


positive regulation of histone H3-K9 dimethylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of histone H3-K9 dimethylation.


positive regulation of mitochondrial translational initiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein in a mitochondrion.


regulation of plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade.


positive regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of proteasomal protein catabolic process.


regulation of histone deacetylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the removal of acetyl groups from histones.


regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of amyloid-beta.


negative regulation of ubiquitin protein ligase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin protein ligase activity.


regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins and release of their ectodomain (extracellular domain).


positive regulation of protein processing in phagocytic vesicle

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein processing in phagocytic vesicle.


negative regulation of protein ubiquitination

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein.


negative regulation of histone ubiquitination

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of a ubiquitin group to a histone protein.


negative regulation of blood coagulation, extrinsic pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation, extrinsic pathway.


negative regulation of mitochondrial translational elongation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitochondrial translational elongation.


negative regulation of translation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of endoplasmic reticulum stress.


positive regulation of protein neddylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein neddylation.


negative regulation of lymphotoxin A production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphotoxin A production.


regulation of CD86 production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CD86 biosynthetic process.


negative regulation of selenocysteine incorporation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of selenocysteine incorporation.


negative regulation of translation in response to osmotic stress

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of translation as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell.


regulation of N-terminal peptidyl-serine acetylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of N-terminal peptidyl-serine acetylation.


regulation of translational frameshifting

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translational frameshifting.


positive regulation of translation in response to osmotic stress

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell.


regulation of Toll receptor ligand protein activation cascade

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the Toll receptor ligand protein activation cascade.


negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in the apoptotic process.


positive regulation of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide biosynthesis.


positive regulation of I-kappaB phosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of I-kappaB phosphorylation.


negative regulation of amyloid-beta formation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of amyloid-beta formation.


positive regulation of translational initiation by iron

Any process involving iron that activates or increases the rate of translational initiation.


positive regulation of JUN kinase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity.


mRNA destabilization

Any process that decreases the stability of an mRNA molecule, making it more vulnerable to degradative processes. Messenger RNA is the intermediate molecule between DNA and protein. It includes UTR and coding sequences. It does not contain introns.


regulation of exonucleolytic catabolism of deadenylated mRNA

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exonucleolytic nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process involved in deadenylation-dependent decay.


positive regulation of translational initiation in response to stress

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translation initiation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress.


positive regulation of protein kinase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.


negative regulation of protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity.


activation of protein kinase C activity

Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase C.


regulation of blood coagulation, common pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation, common pathway.


regulation of biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of biosynthesis of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-positive bacteria.


regulation of protein K48-linked deubiquitination

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein K48-linked deubiquitination.


regulation of protein O-linked glycosylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein O-linked glycosylation.


regulation of tubulin deacetylase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tubulin deacetylase activity.


siRNA-mediated long-distance post-transcriptional gene silencing

An siRNA-mediated posttranscriptional gene silencing pathway in which small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) direct the cleavage of target mRNAs, and in which the silencing signal originates in one tissue and occurs in a different tissue.


negative regulation of blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway.


negative regulation of peptidyl-lysine crotonylation

Any process that stops or reduces the rate of crotonylation of a lysine residue in a protein.


regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of a serine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein.


negative regulation of histone methylation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of methyl groups to histones.


positive regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagy

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chaperone-mediated autophagy.


positive regulation of activation of Janus kinase activity

Any process that increases the frequency or rate of activation of JAK (Janus Activated Kinase) protein. The activation of JAK protein is the process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a JAK (Janus Activated Kinase) protein, thereby activating it.


negative regulation of translation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.


positive regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of metalloendopeptidase activity.


regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent addition of a methyl group to the lysine at position 4 of histone H3.


regulation of translation at synapse, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating translation occurring at the synapse.


negative regulation of protein monoubiquitination

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein monoubiquitination.


regulation of translation in response to osmotic stress

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell.


positive regulation of histone H3-K9 acetylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of histone H3-K9 acetylation.


negative regulation of N-terminal peptidyl-lysine acetylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of N-terminal peptidyl-lysine acetylation.


regulation of peptidyl-lysine acetylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-lysine acetylation.


positive regulation of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process.


regulation of translational initiation by eIF2 alpha dephosphorylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of translation initiation in response to stress by the dephosphorylation of eIF2 alpha.


negative regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis.


negative regulation of N-terminal protein palmitoylation

Any process that decreases the rate frequency or extent of the covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to the N-terminal amino acid residue of a protein.


positive regulation of SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent catabolic process

Any process that starts or increases the rate, frequency or extent of SCF-dependent proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, with ubiquitin-protein ligation catalyzed by an SCF (Skp1/Cul1/F-box protein) complex, and mediated by the proteasome.


negative regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide.


regulation of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process.


positive regulation of protein desumoylation

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein desumoylation. Protein desumoylation is the process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is cleaved from its target protein.


regulation of lipoprotein oxidation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipoprotein oxidation.


negative regulation of lysosomal protein catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lysosomal protein catabolic process.


activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway

Any process that initiates the activity of an inactive cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in the apoptotic signaling pathway.


regulation of protein processing

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein processing, a protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.


regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway.


negative regulation of aspartic-type peptidase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of aspartic-type peptidase activity.


nuclear polyadenylation-dependent mRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the nucleus and resulting in the breakdown of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target mRNA.


positive regulation of histone deacetylase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of histone deacetylase activity.


regulation of urea metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving urea.


regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in execution phase of apoptosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in execution phase of apoptosis.


negative regulation of amide metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides.


regulation of histone modification

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of a histone.


negative regulation of CD86 production

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of CD86 biosynthetic process.


activation of protein kinase B activity

Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase B.


regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthesis. Heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat unit consisting of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked hexuronic acid and glucosamine residues.


negative regulation of myosin-light-chain-phosphatase activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myosin-light-chain-phosphatase activity.


negative regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation.


negative regulation of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process.


regulation of peptide hormone processing

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of peptide hormone processing. Peptide hormone processing is the generation of a mature peptide hormone by posttranslational processing of a prohormone.


positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway.


negative regulation of proteoglycan biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteoglycans, any glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay

A major pathway of degradation of nuclear-transcribed mRNAs that proceeds through a series of ordered steps that includes poly(A) tail shortening and that can regulate mRNA stability.


negative regulation of urea catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of urea catabolic process.


sodium ion uniporter activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the active transport of a sodium ion across a membrane by a mechanism involving conformational change, where energy for active transport is derived from membrane potential if the solute is charged.


membrane potential driven uniporter activity

Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism involving conformational change, where energy for active transport is derived from membrane potential if the solute is charged.


phosphate ion uniporter activity

Catalysis of the active transport of a phosphate ion across a membrane by a mechanism involving conformational change, where energy for active transport is derived from membrane potential if the solute is charged.


L-glutamate uniporter activity

Catalysis of the active transport of a L-glutamate across a membrane by a mechanism involving conformational change, where energy for active transport is derived from membrane potential if the solute is charged.


potassium ion uniporter activity

Catalysis of the active transport of a potassium ion across a membrane by a mechanism involving conformational change, where energy for active transport is derived from membrane potential if the solute is charged.


purine nucleotide uniporter activity

Catalysis of the active transport of purine nucleotides across a membrane by a mechanism involving conformational change, where energy for active transport is derived from membrane potential if the solute is charged.


envenomation resulting in myocyte killing in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, killing heart myocytes and ultimately resulting in muscle damage in the bitten organism.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: iodide(out) + Na+(out) = iodide(in) + Na+(in).


metanephric juxtaglomerulus cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a metanephric juxtaglomerulus cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


juxtaglomerulus cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a juxtaglomerulus cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


mesonephric juxtaglomerulus cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric juxtaglomerulus cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


Catalysis of the reaction:peregrinol diphosphate = (13R)-9,13-epoxylabd-14-ene + diphosphate.


platelet aggregation

The adhesion of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules.


regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity

Any process that modulates the activity of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase.


positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity

Any process that activates or increases the activity of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase.


negative regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity

Any process that stops or reduces the activity of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase.


protein-phytochromobilin linkage

The linkage of the chromophore phytochromobilin to phycocyanin or allophycocyanin.


protein-phytochromobilin linkage via S-phytochromobilin-L-cysteine

The linkage of the chromophore phytochromobilin to phycocyanin or allophycocyanin via S-phytochromobilin-L-cysteine.


tRNA-dihydrouridine16 synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 5,6-dihydrouracil16 in tRNA + NAD(P) = H+ + a uracil16 in tRNA + NAD(P)H.


beta-heterochromatin

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A diffusely banded region of heterochromatin located between euchromatin and alpha-heterochromatin in the polytene chromosome chromocenter; normally replicated during polytenization.


spindle pole body-nuclear membrane anchor activity

The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a mitotic spindle pole body and the nuclear membrane, in order to maintain specific membrane location of the spindle pole body.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: selenite(out) + H+(out) = selenite(in) + H+(in).


cellular response to vitamin B6

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B6 stimulus. Vitamin B6 encompasses pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine and the active form, pyridoxal phosphate.


response to vitamin B6

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B6 stimulus. Vitamin B6 encompasses pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine and the active form, pyridoxal phosphate.


UDP-galactose-UDP-N-acetylglucosamine galactose phosphotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine + UDP-D-galactose = H+ + UDP-N-acetyl-6-(D-galactose-1-phospho)-D-glucosamine + UMP.


glomerular capillary formation

The process that gives rise to a glomerular capillary. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


mesonephric glomerular capillary formation

The process that gives rise to a mesonephric glomerular capillary. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


metanephric glomerular capillary formation

The process that gives rise to a metanephric glomerular capillary. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


cellular response to interleukin-12

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-12 stimulus.


response to interleukin-12

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-12 stimulus.


positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to arterial endothelial cell

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte adhesion to arterial endothelial cell.


positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell.


positive regulation of leukocyte tethering or rolling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte tethering or rolling.


negative regulation of leucine-tRNA ligase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leucine-tRNA ligase activity.


A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to vitronectin.


negative regulation of astrocyte activation

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte activation.


modulation by symbiont of host salicylic acid-mediated defense response

Any process in which a symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the salicylic acid-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of salicylic acid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of salicylic acid mediated signaling pathway.


positive regulation of salicylic acid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of salicylic acid mediated signal transduction.


positive regulation by symbiont of host salicylic acid-mediated defense response

Any process in which a symbiont activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the salicylic acid-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


disruption of defense-related host salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway

Any process in which a symbiont interferes with host salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the host defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


effector-mediated disruption of host salicylic acid-mediated innate immune signalling

A process mediated by a molecule secreted by a symbiont that results in the suppression of host salicylic acid-mediated innate immune signalling.


peptidyl-histidine autophosphorylation

The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own histidine residues, or a histidine residue on an identical protein.


nucleotide diphosphokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside 5'-phosphate = AMP + 5'-phosphonucleoside 3'-diphosphate.


inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular inhibitory ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. Inhibitory ligands, such as GABA or glycine, open chloride-selective channels.


extracellularly glycine-gated chloride channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when glycine is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.


post-embryonic eye morphogenesis

The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized. The eye is the organ of sight.


eye morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized.


Bolwig's organ morphogenesis

The morphogenetic process in which the anatomical structures of the larval eye in Drosophila are generated and organized. The larval eye in Drosophila is a relatively simple sensory system composed of Bolwig's organs: two clusters, each composed of 12 photoreceptor cells from which axons extend in a single fascicle to the brain.


compound eye morphogenesis

The morphogenetic process in which the anatomical structures of the compound eye are generated and organized. The adult compound eye is a precise assembly of 700-800 ommatidia. Each ommatidium is composed of 20 cells, identified by cell type and position. An example of compound eye morphogenesis is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


embryonic eye morphogenesis

The process occurring in the embryo by which the anatomical structures of the post-embryonic eye are generated and organized.


camera-type eye morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized. The camera-type eye is an organ of sight that receives light through an aperture and focuses it through a lens, projecting it on a photoreceptor field.


embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized during embryonic development.


post-embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized during post-embryonic development.


positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase I

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation from RNA polymerase I promoter.


positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription, elongation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.


histone H2AXY142 phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: histone H2AX tyrosine phosphate (position 142) + H2O = histone H2AX tyrosine (position 142) + phosphate.


histone phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphorylated histone + H2O = a protein + phosphate.


histone H2AXS140 phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: histone H2AX serine phosphate (position 140) + H2O = histone H2AX serine (position 140) + phosphate.


IgE B cell receptor complex

An IgE immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgE isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins.


Purkinje myocyte-ventricular cardiac muscle cell adhesion involved in cell communication

The attachment of an Purkinje myocyte to a ventricular cardiac muscle cell via adhesion molecules that results in the cells being juxtaposed so that they can communicate.


MacAB-TolC complex

The MacAB-TolC complex is a macrolide transporter complex found in E.coli and related gram-negative bacteria. Its transport activity is specific to macrolide compounds containing 14- and 15-membered lactones. It consists of the dimeric inner membrane ATPase MacB, the hexameric, periplasmic membrane fusion protein MacA and the trimeric outer membrane factor TolC.


macrolide transmembrane transporter complex

A bacterial transmembrane transporter complex that spans the entire cell membrane system and possesses ATP-dependent xenobiotic transport activity pumping drugs (typically antibiotics) and other toxins directly from the cytosol out of the bacterial cell. Typically, it is trimeric consisting of a inner membrane ATPase (IMP), a periplasmic membrane fusion protein (MFP) and an outer membrane factor (OMF). In E. coli, macrolide transporter complexes may consists of MacB (IMP), MacA (MFP) and TolC (OMF) or AcrB (IMP), AcrA (MFP) and TolC (OMF). Trimeric TolC is a common OMF found in many macrolide transporter complexes.


establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity involved in mesendodermal cell migration

Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized cytoskeletal structures that contribute to the cell polarity of a migrating mesendodermal cell.


DSIF complex

A heterodimeric protein complex formed of Spt4 and Spt5 proteins which is expressed in eukaryotes from yeast to man. DSIF is an inhibitory elongation factor that promotes RNA polymerase II transcriptional pausing, but can also stimulate transcriptional elongation under certain conditions, and may play a role in RNA processing via its physical association with mRNA capping enzymes.


protein storage vacuole

A storage vacuole that contains a lytic vacuole; identified in plants.


plant-type vacuole

A closed structure that is completely surrounded by a unit membrane, contains liquid, and retains the same shape regardless of cell cycle phase. An example of this structure is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.


central vacuole

A membrane-enclosed sac that takes up most of the volume of a mature plant cell. Functions include storage, separation of toxic byproducts, and cell growth determination.


senescence-associated vacuole

A lytic vacuole that is maintained at acidic pH and has different tonoplast composition compared to the central vacuole. Found during leaf senescence and develops in the peripheral cytoplasm of cells that contain chloroplast.


positive regulation of substance P secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of substance P secretion.


positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the regulated release of a peptide hormone from secretory granules.


positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin that contributes to the response of a cell to glucose.


positive regulation of substance P secretion, neurotransmission

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of substance P secretion, neurotransmission.


positive regulation of prolactin secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of prolactin secretion.


positive regulation of thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion.


positive regulation of corticotropin secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropin hormone from a cell.


positive regulation of calcitonin secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcitonin secretion.


positive regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropin-releasing hormone from a cell.


positive regulation of growth hormone secretion

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of growth hormone from a cell.


positive regulation of somatostatin secretion

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, extent of the regulated release of somatostatin from secretory granules in the D cells of the pancreas.


positive regulation of glucagon secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of glucagon.


positive regulation of insulin secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin.


glycyrrhetinate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycyrrhetinate.


transcription initiation at mitochondrial promoter

A transcription initiation process that takes place at a promoter on the mitochondrial chromosome.


excitation of vasomotor center by aortic body chemoreceptor signaling

The process in which the molecular signal from an aortic body is relayed to the vasomotor center, causing it to signal an increase arterial pressure.


excitation of vasomotor center by chemoreceptor signaling

The process in which the molecular signal from the carotid and aortic bodies is relayed to the vasomotor center, causing it to signal an increase arterial pressure.


excitation of vasomotor center by carotid body chemoreceptor signaling

The process in which the molecular signal from a carotid body is relayed to the vasomotor center, causing it to signal an increase arterial pressure.


positive regulation of late endosome to lysosome transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of late endosome to lysosome transport.


negative regulation of neurotransmitter uptake

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a neuron or glial cell.


negative regulation of serotonin uptake

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of serotonin into a cell.


negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of dopamine into a presynaptic neuron or glial cell.


inhibition of histamine uptake

Any process that prevents the activation of the directed movement of histamine into a cell.


inhibition of serotonin uptake

Any process that prevents the activation of the directed movement of serotonin into a cell.


negative regulation of catecholamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of catecholamine neurotransmitters into a neuron or glial cell.


inhibition of neurotransmitter uptake

Any process that prevents the activation of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into a cell.


inhibition of norepinephrine uptake

Any process that prevents the activation of the directed movement of norepinephrine into a cell.


negative regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) into a neuron or glial cell.


negative regulation of histamine uptake

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of histamine into a cell.


negative regulation of amino acid uptake involved in synaptic transmission

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acid neurotransmitters into a neuron or glial cell.


negative regulation of glutamate uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of L-glutamate into a neuron or glial cell.


inhibition of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission

Any process that prevents the activation of the directed movement of dopamine into a cell.


inhibition of acetylcholine uptake

Any process that prevents the activation of the directed movement of acetylcholine into a cell.


negative regulation of eosinophil chemotaxis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil chemotaxis.


midchain alkane hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the conversion of an alkane to a secondary alcohol.


site-specific telomere resolvase activity

Catalysis of a site-specific breakage and reunion reaction that generates two hairpin telomeres from a replicated telomere substrate. Occurs via a two-step transesterification with a protein-DNA intermediate similar to that used by topoisomerases and site-specific recombinases.


m-cresol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of m-cresol (3-hydroxytoluene), the meta-isoform of cresol.


Catalysis of the reaction: dolichyl beta-D-glucosyl phosphate + H2O = dolichol-phosphate + beta-D-glucose.


pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) = ADP + pyruvate dehydrogenase (acetyl-transferring) phosphate.


orsellinate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: o-orsellinate + H+ = CO2 + orcinol.


malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + NADP+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH + H+.


malic enzyme activity

Catalysis of the oxidative decarboxylation of malate with the concomitant production of pyruvate.


malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + NAD+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH + H+.


luteolin O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + luteolin = 4',5,7-trihydroxy-3'-methoxyflavone + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


L-methylmalonyl-CoA metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-methylmalonyl-CoA, the L-enantiomer of 2-carboxypropanoyl-CoA. S-methylmalonyl-CoA is an intermediate in the beta oxidation of odd-numbered fatty acids in animals.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-methylmalonyl-CoA, the L-enantiomer of 2-carboxypropanoyl-CoA.


ether hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an ether bond, -O-.


Catalysis of the reaction: 9,10-epoxy-18-hydroxystearate + H2O <=> 9,10,18-trihydroxystearate.


Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene-9,10-oxide + H2O = trans-9,10-dihydrodiolphenanthrene.


glucosylglycerate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-glycerate <=> alpha-D-glucose + D-glycerate.


juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the epoxide in a juvenile hormone to the corresponding diol.


leukotriene-A4 hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + leukotriene A(4) = leukotriene B(4).


pyrene-4,5-epoxide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pyrene-4,5-oxide + H2O = trans-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydropyrene.


cis-stilbene-oxide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cis-stilbene oxide + H2O = (+)-(1R,2R)-1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diol.


epoxide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an epoxide + H2O = a glycol.


9,10-epoxystearate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 9,10-epoxystearate + H2O <=> (9R,10S)-dihydroxystearate.


hepoxilin-epoxide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (5Z,9E,14Z)-(8x,11R,12S)-11,12-epoxy-8-hydroxyicosa-5,9,14-trienoate + H2O = (5Z,9E,14Z)-(8x,11x,12S)-8,11,12-trihydroxyicosa-5,9,14-trienoate.


phenanthrene-9,10-epoxide hydrolase (9R,10R-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene-9,10-oxide + H2O = trans-9R,10R-dihydrodiolphenanthrene.


phenanthrene-epoxide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a phenanthrene dioxide + H2O = a dihydrodiolphenanthrene.


mannosylglycerate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate <=> alpha-D-mannose + D-glycerate.


Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene-1,2-oxide + H2O = trans-1,2-dihydrodiolphenanthrene.


epoxide hydrolase B activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the ether in chloro- or hydroxyepoxypropane to produce chloropropane diol or glycerol. Acts on R enantiomers.


epoxide hydrolase A activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the ether in chloro-, bromo- or hydroxyepoxypropane to produce a chloro- or bromopropane diol or glycerol.


phenanthrene-9,10-epoxide hydrolase (9S,10S-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene-9,10-oxide + H2O = trans-9(S),10(S)-dihydrodiolphenanthrene.


Catalysis of the reactions: 5,6alpha-epoxy-5alpha-cholestan-3beta-ol + H2O = cholestane-3beta-5alpha,6beta-triol, and 5,6beta-epoxy-5beta-cholestan-3beta-ol + H2O = cholestane-3beta-5alpha,6beta-triol.


limonene-1,2-epoxide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: limonene-1,2-epoxide + H2O = limonene-1,2-diol. Other substrates include alicyclic and 1-methyl-substituted epoxides, such as 1-methylcyclohexene oxide, indene oxide and cyclohexene oxide.


aurachin C epoxide hydrolase/isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: aurachin C epoxide + H+ + NAD(P)H <=> aurachin B + H2O + NAD(P).


trans-epoxysuccinate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trans-2,3-epoxysuccinate + H2O = (2R,3S)-tartrate.


Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene-3,4-oxide + H2O = trans-3,4-dihydrodiolphenanthrene.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 1-(1-alkenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = L-1-glycero-3-phosphocholine + an aldehyde.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 1-(1-alkenyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + an aldehyde.


isochorismatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + isochorismate = 2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoate + pyruvate.


putrescine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane; putrescine is the metabolic precursor of spermidine and spermine.


negative regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of megakaryocyte differentiation.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-cystine + H2O = pyruvate + NH3 + thiocysteine. Thiocysteine is also known as cysteine persulfide.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + ATP = a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


phosphatidylinositol kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a phosphatidylinositol = ADP + a phosphatidylinositol phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + ATP = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate + ATP = a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate + ATP = a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + ATP = a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 5-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 5-phosphate = ADP + 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + ATP = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + ATP = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + ATP = a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


disulfoglucosamine-6-sulfatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N(2),6-disulfo-D-glucosamine + H2O = N-sulfo-D-glucosamine + H+ + sulfate.


Rhino-Deadlock-Cutoff Complex

Protein complex found in Drosophila consisting of the gene products of cuff, del and rhi. It regulates the licensing of transcription of dual-strand PIWI interacting RNA (piRNA) source loci by binding to dual-strand-cluster chromatin, probably via the H3K9me3-binding activity of Rhi. Rhi binding brings the putative termination cofactor Cuff in close proximity to the nascent piRNA precursor transcript which it appears to protect from degradation.


protein kinase A regulatory subunit binding

Binding to one or both of the regulatory subunits of protein kinase A.


positive regulation of cortical granule exocytosis by positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cortical granule exocytosis by directing movement of calcium ions (Ca2+) into the cytosol.


regulation of exocytosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis.


negative regulation of synaptic vesicle fusion to presynaptic active zone membrane

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle fusion to the presynaptic membrane.


negative regulation of mast cell degranulation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of mast cell degranulation.


negative regulation of cytotoxic T cell degranulation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of cytotoxic T cell degranulation.


negative regulation of natural killer cell degranulation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of natural killer cell degranulation.


positive regulation of mast cell degranulation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mast cell degranulation.


positive regulation of exosomal secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of exosomal secretion.


negative regulation of constitutive secretory pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of constitutive secretory pathway.


positive regulation of dense core granule exocytosis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dense core granule exocytosis.


positive regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter.


regulation of exocytic insertion of neurotransmitter receptor to postsynaptic membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exocytic fusion of neurotransmitter receptor containing vesicles into the postsynaptic membrane.


positive regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis.


regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis.


positive regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.


positive regulation of mast cell degranulation in another organism

Any process in which an organism increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood mast cell degranulation in another organism.


induction of synaptic vesicle exocytosis by positive regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

The induction of synaptic vesicle release by any process that leads to a rise in intracellular calcium ion concentration at the presynapse. This is the first step in synaptic transmission.


regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter.


regulation of dense core granule exocytosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dense core granule exocytosis.


regulation of cytotoxic T cell degranulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cytotoxic T cell degranulation.


modulation of mast cell degranulation in another organism

Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blood mast cell degranulation in another organism. Mast cell degranulation is the regulated exocytosis of secretory granules containing preformed mediators such as histamine, serotonin, and neutral proteases by a mast cell.


negative regulation of eosinophil degranulation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of eosinophil degranulation.


regulation of natural killer cell degranulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell degranulation.


regulation of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of presynaptic dense core granule exocytosis.


regulation of eosinophil degranulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of eosinophil degranulation.


positive regulation of cytotoxic T cell degranulation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytotoxic T cell degranulation.


positive regulation of regulated secretory pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of regulated secretory pathway.


negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter.


negative regulation of leukocyte degranulation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of leukocyte degranulation.


regulation of exosomal secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exosomal secretion.


negative regulation of exocyst assembly

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of exocyst assembly.


negative regulation of synaptic vesicle priming

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle priming. Synaptic vesicle priming is the formation of SNARE-containing complexes, bringing synaptic vesicle membrane and plasma membranes into close proximity and thereby facilitating membrane fusion.


positive regulation of exocytosis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis.


positive regulation of leukocyte degranulation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte degranulation.


negative regulation of regulated secretory pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of regulated secretory pathway.


regulation of constitutive secretory pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of constitutive secretory pathway.


regulation of neutrophil degranulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil degranulation.


positive regulation of acrosomal vesicle exocytosis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of acrosomal vesicle exocytosis.


negative regulation of basophil degranulation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of basophil degranulation.


negative regulation of exosomal secretion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of exosomal secretion.


regulation of regulated secretory pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of regulated secretory pathway.


regulation of acrosomal vesicle exocytosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of acrosomal vesicle exocytosis.


regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.


regulation of basophil degranulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of basophil degranulation.


negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis.


regulation of leukocyte degranulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte degranulation.


positive regulation of eosinophil degranulation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil degranulation.


positive regulation of constitutive secretory pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of constitutive secretory pathway.


positive regulation of histamine secretion by mast cell

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of histamine secretion by mast cell.


positive regulation of natural killer cell degranulation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell degranulation.


regulation of postsynaptic dense core vesicle exocytosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic dense core vesicle exocytosis.


negative regulation of neutrophil degranulation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of neutrophil degranulation.


negative regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.


positive regulation of neutrophil degranulation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil degranulation.


negative regulation of exocytosis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of exocytosis.


regulation of mast cell degranulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell degranulation.


positive regulation of basophil degranulation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of basophil degranulation.


negative regulation of dense core granule exocytosis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dense core granule exocytosis.


fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in heart induction

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands that contributes to heart induction.


9-cis-retinoic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 9-cis-retinoic acid, a metabolically active vitamin A derivative.


9-cis-retinoic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 9-cis-retinoic acid, a metabolically active vitamin A derivative.


kidney smooth muscle cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell in the kidney.


calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules

The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that require the presence of calcium for the interaction.


mitochondrial RNA surveillance

The set of processes involved in identifying and degrading defective or aberrant RNAs that takes place in the mitochondrion.


cellular nitrogen compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds.


cytosine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cytosine, 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine, a pyrimidine derivative that is one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids; it occurs widely in cytidine derivatives.


lncRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lncRNAs, non-coding RNAs over 200 nucleotides in length.


acrylonitrile catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acrylonitrile, a colorless, volatile liquid with a pungent odor. Acrylonitrile is used in the production of acrylic fibers, plastics, and synthetic rubbers.


riboflavin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of riboflavin (vitamin B2), the precursor for the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).


cyanate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyanate, NCO-, the anion of cyanic acid.


chlorophyll catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, into less complex products.


2-nitropropane catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-nitropropane, a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, fruity odor.


uracil catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of uracil, 2,4-dioxopyrimidine, one of the pyrimidine bases occurring in RNA, but not in DNA.


deoxyguanosine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxyguanosine, a nucleoside consisting of the base guanine and the sugar deoxyribose.


citrulline catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins.


exonucleolytic catabolism of deadenylated mRNA

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the transcript body of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA that occurs when the ends are not protected by the 3'-poly(A) tail.


alkaloid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alkaloids, nitrogen containing natural products not otherwise classified as peptides, nonprotein amino acids, amines, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, cofactors, phytohormones or primary metabolites (such as purine or pyrimidine bases).


DNA replication, removal of RNA primer

Removal of the Okazaki RNA primer from the lagging strand of replicating DNA, by a combination of the actions of DNA polymerase, DNA helicase and an endonuclease.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the transcript body of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA that occurs when the ends are not protected by the 5'-cap or the 3'-poly(A) tail.


cytoplasmic polyadenylation-dependent RNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the cytoplasm and resulting in the breakdown of an RNA molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target rRNA truncated degradation intermediate.


bilirubin conjugation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bilirubin monoglucuronide or bilirubin diglucuronide, water-soluble derivatives of bilirubin.


cytoplasmic polyadenylation-dependent rRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the cytoplasm and resulting in the breakdown of a ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target rRNA truncated degradation intermediate.


nuclear polyadenylation-dependent CUT catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the nucleus and resulting in the breakdown of a cryptic unstable transcript (CUT), initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target CUT.


maternal mRNA clearance

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the clearance of maternal mRNA transcripts from the zygote as part of the maternal-to-zygote transition in gene expression.


pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


nuclear mRNA surveillance of mRNP export

The set of processes involved in identifying and degrading incorrectly formed or aberrant nuclear mRNPs docked at the nuclear pore complex prior to export to the cytoplasm.


nuclear mRNA surveillance

A process that identifies and degrades defective or aberrant mRNAs within the nucleus.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic, 3'-5'

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the mRNA transcript body that occurs when the 3' end is not protected by a 3'-poly(A) tail; degradation proceeds in the 3' to 5' direction.


cytidine deamination

The removal of amino group in the presence of water.


purine-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof.


thiamine-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thiamine (vitamin B1), and compounds derived from it.


pyridine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pyridine, a nitrogenous base (C5H5N) obtained from the distillation of bone oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor.


thiamine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.


nitrate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nitrates, inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid.


uridine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of uridine, uracil riboside, a ribonucleoside very widely distributed but occurring almost entirely as phosphoric esters in ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids.


flavin-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a flavin, any derivative of the dimethylisoalloxazine (7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(3H,10H)-dione) skeleton, with a substituent on the 10 position.


nucleoside catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


CUT catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs).


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, RNase MRP-dependent

A minor MRP-dependent nuclear-transcribed mRNA degradation pathway that begins with an endonucleolytic cleavage to generate unprotected ends.


antisense RNA transcript catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of antisense transcripts, i.e. transcripts that were produced from the antisense strand of a gene that produces a gene product and which often have a regulatory effect on the transcription of that gene product.


nuclear polyadenylation-dependent snRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the nucleus and resulting in the breakdown of a small nuclear RNA (snRNA) molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target snRNA.


ribonucleoside catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine or pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


pyrimidine ribonucleoside catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which a pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


thiamine diphosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thiamine diphosphate, a derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1) which acts as a coenzyme in a range of processes including the Krebs cycle.


deoxyinosine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxyinosine, hypoxanthine deoxyriboside.


nuclear ncRNA surveillance

The set of processes involved in identifying and degrading defective or aberrant ncRNAs within the nucleus.


21U-RNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 21U-RNAs, a class of single-stranded RNA molecules of about 21 nucleotides in length characterized by a uridine 5'-monophosphate and a modified 3' end resistant to periodate degradation. 21U-RNAs are derived from distinct, autonomously expressed loci within the genome.


indole-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of compounds that contain an indole (2,3-benzopyrrole) skeleton.


tRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tRNA, transfer RNA, a class of relatively small RNA molecules responsible for mediating the insertion of amino acids into the sequence of nascent polypeptide chains during protein synthesis.


ncRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of non-coding RNA transcripts (ncRNAs). Includes the breakdown of cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs).


xanthine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xanthine, 2,6-dihydroxypurine, a purine formed in the metabolic breakdown of guanine but not present in nucleic acids.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, 5'-3' exonucleolytic nonsense-mediated decay

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the nuclear-transcribed mRNA transcript body of an mRNA in which an amino-acid codon has changed to a nonsense codon; occurs when the 5' end is not protected by a 5'-cap; degradation proceeds in the 5' to 3' direction.


nitrile catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nitrile, an organic compound containing trivalent nitrogen attached to one carbon atom.


coenzyme F420-dependent bicyclic nitroimidazole catabolic process

The breakdown of a bicyclic nitroimidazole into simpler components in a process that requires coenzyme F420 and produces reactive nitrogen species. Hydride, from reduced coenzyme F420, is added to the bicyclic nitroimidazole, resulting in unstable substances that break down to form three stable products. The elimination of nitrous acid produces the corresponding des-nitroimidazole; hydrolysis produces a related compound; and further reduction creates an aromatic hydroxylamine metabolite that degrades further. These reactions release hyponitrous acid and nitrous acid, which is unstable and disproportionates into nitric oxide (NO) and other reactive nitrogen intermediates.


pyridoxal phosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pyridoxal phosphate, pyridoxal phosphorylated at the hydroxymethyl group of C-5, the active form of vitamin B6.


deoxycytidine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxycytidine, 2-deoxyribosylcytosine, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


RNA fragment catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fragment of RNA, such as excised introns or sequences removed from ribosomal RNA during processing.


bicyclic nitroimidazole catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a bicyclic nitroimidazole.


pyridine nucleoside catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any pyridine nucleoside, a nucleoside in which a pyridine base covalently bonded to a sugar, usually ribose.


purine nucleobase catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, which include adenine and guanine.


aspyridone B catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aspyridone B.


miRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of miRNA, microRNA, a class of single-stranded RNA molecules of about 21-23 nucleotides in length, which regulates gene expression.


anaerobic purine nucleobase catabolic process

The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleobases, yielding energy in the form of ATP.


pyrimidine nucleoside catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


atrazine catabolic process to cyanuric acid

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide, into cyanuric acid.


N-cyclopropylmelamine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N-cyclopropylmelamine, a triazine compound commonly used as an insecticide.


pyrimidine nucleobase catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases.


nuclear polyadenylation-dependent ncRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the nucleus and resulting in the breakdown of a noncoding RNA (ncRNA) molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target ncRNA.


folic acid-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of folic acid and its derivatives.


nuclear mRNA surveillance of mRNA 3'-end processing

The set of processes involved in identifying and degrading mRNAs with incorrectly formed 3'-ends within the nucleus.


porphyrin-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrin consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group.


carnitine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carnitine (hydroxy-trimethyl aminobutyric acid), a compound that participates in the transfer of acyl groups across the inner mitochondrial membrane.


pteridine-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any compound containing pteridine (pyrazino(2,3-dipyrimidine)), e.g. pteroic acid, xanthopterin and folic acid.


queuosine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of queuosines, any of a series of nucleosides found in tRNA and having an additional pentenyl ring added via an NH group to the methyl group of 7-methylguanosine. The pentenyl ring may carry other substituents.


mitochondrial mRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mRNA transcribed from the mitochondrial genome and occurring in the mitochondrion.


glycine betaine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine betaine, N-trimethylglycine.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, 3'-5' exonucleolytic nonsense-mediated decay

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the nuclear-transcribed mRNA transcript body of an mRNA in which an amino-acid codon has changed to a nonsense codon; occurs when the 3' end is not protected by a 3'-poly(A) tail; degradation proceeds in the 3' to 5' direction.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, no-go decay

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the transcript body of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA with stalls in translation elongation.


mRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mRNA, messenger RNA, which is responsible for carrying the coded genetic 'message', transcribed from DNA, to sites of protein assembly at the ribosomes.


vitamin B6 catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of the vitamin B6 compounds; pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine and the active form, pyridoxal phosphate.


purine deoxyribonucleoside catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


pyrimidine-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pyrimidine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains pyrimidine or a formal derivative thereof.


snRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of snRNA, small nuclear RNA, low-molecular-mass RNA molecules found in the eukaryotic nucleus as components of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein.


L-proline betaine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of stachydrine, N-methylproline methylbetaine, the betaine derivative of L-proline.


nonfunctional rRNA decay

An rRNA catabolic process that results in the targeted detection and degradation of aberrant rRNAs contained within translationally defective ribosomes, thereby acting as a quality-control system.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N-alpha,N-alpha,N-alpha-trimethyl-L-histidine, also known as histidine betaine or hercynine, a trimethylated derivative of histidine.


hypoxanthine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hypoxanthine, 6-hydroxy purine, an intermediate in the degradation of adenylate. Its ribonucleoside is known as inosine and its ribonucleotide as inosinate.


sno(s)RNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of snoRNA, small nucleolar RNA, any of a class of small RNAs that are associated with the eukaryotic nucleus as components of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins.


imidazole-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of imidazoles, five-membered organic heterocycle containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, or any of its derivatives; compounds containing an imidazole skeleton.


ureide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ureide, which is the organic form of nitrogen in nitrogen fixing and transporting plants with the release of ammonium.


2,5-dihydroxypyridine catabolic process to fumarate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,5-dihydroxypyridine to form fumarate. 2,5-dihydroxypyridine is dioxygenated to give maleamate and formate; the maleamate from this reaction is then converted to maleate, which is then isomerized to fumurate.


cyanide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyanide, NC-, the anion of hydrocyanic acid. Cyanide is a potent inhibitor of respiration.


purine nucleoside catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleoside, one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


thymidine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thymidine, deoxyribosylthymine thymine 2-deoxyriboside, a deoxynucleoside very widely distributed but occurring almost entirely as phosphoric esters in deoxynucleotides and deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA.


pteridine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pteridine, pyrazino(2,3-dipyrimidine), the parent structure of pterins and the pteroyl group.


heme B catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heme b, a Fe(II) porphyrin complex readily isolated from the hemoglobin of beef blood, but also found in other proteins including other hemoglobins, myoglobins, cytochromes P-450, catalases, peroxidases as well as b type cytochromes.


atrazine catabolic process to isopropylamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide, into isopropylamine.


adenine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of adenine, 6-aminopurine, one of the 5 main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of numerous important derivatives of its corresponding ribonucleoside, adenosine.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening

Shortening of the poly(A) tail of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA from full length to an oligo(A) length.


aspyridone A catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aspyridone A.


cyanogenic glycoside catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyanogenic glycosides, any glycoside containing a cyano group that is released as hydrocyanic acid on acid hydrolysis; such compounds occur in the kernels of various fruits.


bacteriochlorophyll catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of bacteriochlorophyll, any of the chlorophylls of photosynthetic bacteria. They differ structurally from the chlorophylls of higher plants.


heme a catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heme a, a derivative of heme found in cytochrome aa3.


thymine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thymine, 5-methyluracil, one of the two major pyrimidine bases present (as thymidine) in DNA but not found in RNA other than (as ribothymidine) in transfer RNA, where it is a minor base.


nitroimidazole catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nitroimidazoles, imidazole derivatives with a nitro group attached to one ring.


corrin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of corrin, C19H22N4, the fundamental heterocyclic skeleton of the corrinoids. It consists of four reduced pyrrole rings joined into a macrocyclic ring. Corrin is the core of the vitamin B12 molecule.


siRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of small interfering RNA transcripts (siRNAs).


RNA surveillance

A process that identifies and degrades defective or aberrant RNAs.


apoptotic DNA fragmentation

The cleavage of DNA during apoptosis, which usually occurs in two stages: cleavage into fragments of about 50 kbp followed by cleavage between nucleosomes to yield 200 bp fragments.


mitochondrial ncRNA surveillance

The set of processes involved in identifying and degrading defective or aberrant non-coding RNA transcripts (ncRNAs) within the mitochondrion.


nuclear histone mRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histone messenger RNA (mRNA) within the nucleus.


cytoplasmic RNA surveillance

The set of processes involved in identifying and degrading defective or aberrant RNAs within the cytoplasm.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nuclear-transcribed mRNAs in eukaryotic cells.


nuclear mRNA surveillance of spliceosomal pre-mRNA splicing

The set of processes involved in identifying and degrading incorrectly spliced pre-mRNAs within the nucleus.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, meiosis-specific transcripts

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the selective degradation of meiosis-specific transcripts during vegetative growth, by a mechanism that requires determinant of selective removal (DSR) sequences in the targeted mRNAs and involves a YTH family protein.


pre-mRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the unspliced pre-mRNA (pre-messenger RNA).


mitochondrial DNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mitochondrial DNA.


nucleobase-containing small molecule catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleobase-containing small molecule: a nucleobase, a nucleoside, or a nucleotide.


isoquinoline alkaloid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of isoquinoline alkaloids, alkaloid compounds that contain bicyclic N-containing aromatic rings and are derived from a 3,4-dihydroxytyramine (dopamine) precursor that undergoes a Schiff base addition with aldehydes of different origin.


nuclear polyadenylation-dependent snoRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the nucleus and resulting in the breakdown of a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target snoRNA.


nuclear RNA surveillance

A process that identifies and degrades defective or aberrant RNAs within the nucleus.


exonucleolytic nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process involved in deadenylation-independent decay

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the transcript body of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA that occurs independent of deadenylation, but requires decapping followed by transcript decay.


nitric oxide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water.


carbamoyl phosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbamoyl phosphate, an intermediate in the urea cycle and other nitrogen compound metabolic pathways.


nucleobase-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.


2,5-dihydroxypyridine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,5-dihydroxypyridine.


tRNA surveillance

The set of processes involved in identifying and degrading defective or aberrant tRNAs.


carbazole catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbazole, a heterocyclic aromatic compound containing a dibenzopyrrole system that is produced during coal gasification and is present in cigarette smoke. Coal tar produced at high temperature contains an average of 1.5% carbazole. It is used widely in synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and plastics and is a suspected carcinogen.


s-triazine compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any s-triazine compound. These compounds include many pesticides of widespread use in agriculture, and are characterized by a symmetrical hexameric ring consisting of alternating carbon and nitrogen atoms.


nucleotide-sugar catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotide-sugars, any nucleotide-carbohydrate in which the distal phosphoric residue of a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate is in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative.


polyadenylation-dependent ncRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a noncoding RNA (ncRNA) molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target ncRNA.


5-methylcytosine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 5-methylcytosine, a methylated base of DNA.


RNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage.


target-directed miRNA degradation

The process in which a miRNA is targeted for degradation by a non-coding RNA or mRNA. The binding of an RNA to a target miRNA within a RISC complex results in either ubiquitin-mediated degradation of AGO protein or the displacement of the 3' end of the miRNA, exposing it to nucleases.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay

The nonsense-mediated decay pathway for nuclear-transcribed mRNAs degrades mRNAs in which an amino-acid codon has changed to a nonsense codon; this prevents the translation of such mRNAs into truncated, and potentially harmful, proteins.


deoxyuridine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxyuridine, 2-deoxyribosyluracil, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-independent decay

A pathway of degradation of nuclear-transcribed mRNAs that proceeds through a series of steps that is independent of deadenylation, but requires decapping followed by transcript decay, and that can regulate mRNA stability.


heme catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring.


indole phytoalexin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of indole phytoalexins, any indole compound produced by plants as part of their defense response.


siroheme catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of siroheme, a tetrahydroporphyrin with adjacent, reduced pyrrole rings.


polyadenylation-dependent RNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an RNA molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3'-end of the target RNA.


tetrahydrobiopterin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetrahydrobiopterin, the reduced form of biopterin (2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-pteridine). It functions as a hydroxylation coenzyme, e.g. in the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine.


histone mRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histone messenger RNA (mRNA).


cobalamin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cobalamin (vitamin B12), a water-soluble vitamin characterized by possession of a corrin nucleus containing a cobalt atom.


nuclear polyadenylation-dependent antisense transcript catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the nucleus and resulting in the breakdown of an antisense transcript, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target antisense transcript.


deoxyribonucleoside catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


amino-acid betaine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.


cytidine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cytidine, cytosine riboside, a widely distributed nucleoside.


guanine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine, 2-amino-6-hydroxypurine, a purine that is one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of a number of phosphorylated guanosine derivatives whose metabolic or regulatory functions are important.


rRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, exonucleolytic, 5'-3'

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the mRNA transcript body that occurs when the 5' end is not protected by a 5'-cap; degradation proceeds in the 5' to 3' direction.


nuclear polyadenylation-dependent tRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the nucleus and resulting in the breakdown of an aberrant or incorrectly modified transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target tRNA.


tetrapyrrole catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, non-stop decay

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the transcript body of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA that is lacking a stop codon.


melatonin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine).


pyridine-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pyridine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains pyridine or a formal derivative thereof.


atrazine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide.


mitochondrial RNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of RNA transcribed from the mitochondrial genome and occurring in the mitochondrion.


mitochondrial mRNA surveillance

The set of processes involved in identifying and degrading messenger RNA (mRNA) within the mitochondrion.


cocaine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cocaine, an alkaloid obtained from the dried leaves of the shrub Erythroxylon coca. It is a cerebral stimulant and narcotic.


nuclear polyadenylation-dependent rRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the nucleus and resulting in the breakdown of a ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule, including RNA fragments released as part of processing the primary transcript into multiple mature rRNA species, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target rRNA.


deoxyadenosine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxyadenosine, 2-deoxyribosyladenine, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


cyanuric acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyanuric acid, a potential degradation product of triazine herbicides.


heme O catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heme O, a derivative of heme containing a 17-carbon hydroxyethylfarnesyl side chain at position 8 of the tetrapyrrole macrocycle.


intracellular manganese ion homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of manganese ions within a cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-scoulerine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = (S)-tetrahydrocolumbamine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide + H2O = beta-nicotinate D-ribonucleotide + NH3.


left anterior basal body

Any ciliary basal body that is part of a left anterior flagellum found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage).


cyanelle thylakoid lumen

The volume enclosed by a cyanelle thylakoid membrane.


elastic fiber

An supramolecular fiber that consists of an insoluble core of polymerized tropoelastin monomers and a surrounding mantle of microfibrils. Elastic fibers provide elasticity and recoiling to tissues and organs, and maintain structural integrity against mechanical strain.


A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta1 integrin complex bound to osteopontin.


MHC class Ib protein binding, via lateral surface

Binding to a major histocompatibility complex class Ib molecules via the lateral surface.


influenzavirus matrix protein 1

An influenzavirus M gene translation product that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P03485 or a 1:1 ortholog thereof.


matrix protein 1 (Influenza A virus)

An influenzavirus matrix protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of Influenza A virus.


mast cell granule

Coarse, bluish-black staining cytoplasmic granules, bounded by a plasma membrane and found in mast cells and basophils. Contents include histamine, heparin, chondroitin sulfates, chymase and tryptase.


high-affinity inorganic phosphate:sodium symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: HPO42-(out) + Na+(out) = HPO42-(in) + Na+(in). In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


glycine biosynthetic process, by transamination of glyoxylate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine by the transamination of glyoxylate.


positive regulation of establishment or maintenance of bipolar cell polarity regulating cell shape

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or maintenance of bipolar cell polarity regulating cell shape.