3-oxoadipyl-CoA thiolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: succinyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA = CoA + 3-oxoadipyl-CoA.


biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + phosphatidylcholine.


U1 snRNA binding

Binding to a U1 small nuclear RNA (U1 snRNA).


apiogalacturonan metabolic process

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the pectic apiogalacturonan, characterized by a backbone of alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues substituted with apiose and apiobiose (D-apiofuranosyl-beta-(1->3)-D-apiose) side chains via O-2 or O-3 links.


negative regulation of oocyte development

Any process that decreases the rate or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a linear amide.


Catalysis of the reaction: aldose 1-phosphate + ADP = phosphate + ADP-aldose.


monoferuloyl di-(hydroxyferuloyl) spermidine meta-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: monoferuloyl di-(hydroxyferuloyl) spermidine + NADPH + O2 = tri-(hydroxyferuloyl) spermidine + NADP+ + H2O.


regulation of FtsZ-dependent cytokinesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of FtsZ-dependent cytokinesis.


regulation of mammary stem cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mammary stem cell proliferation.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


cardiac pacemaker cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pacemaker cell over time, from its formation to the mature state. Pacemaker cells are specialized cardiomyocytes that are responsible for regulating the timing of heart contractions.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N1-methylguanine.


glucuronate catabolic process to xylulose 5-phosphate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronate into other compounds, including xylulose 5-phosphate.


calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity

Calmodulin-dependent catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; and ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.


lateral mesodermal cell fate commitment

The process in which a cell becomes committed to become a lateral mesoderm cell.


negative regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).


Catalysis of the reaction: [thioredoxin]-dithiol + a hydroperoxide = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + an alcohol + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-3-carboxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate = CO2 + 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate.


regulation of skeletal muscle adaptation

Any process in which skeletal muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. These adaptive events occur in both muscle fibers and associated structures (motoneurons and capillaries), and they involve alterations in regulatory mechanisms, contractile properties and metabolic capacities.


poly(beta-D-mannuronate) lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: polysaccharides containing beta-D-mannuronate residues = oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl end. This reaction is the eliminative cleavage of polysaccharides containing beta-D-mannuronate residues to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-alpha-L-erythro-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl groups at their ends.


Catalysis of the reaction: UTP + (protein-PII) = diphosphate + uridylyl-(protein-PII).


positive regulation of exit from meiosis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of exit from meiosis.


structural constituent of cutaneous appendage

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of cutaneous epidermal structures such as hairs, scales, or feathers.


aerobic phenol-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring, in the presence of oxygen.


regulation of netrin-activated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of netrin-activated signaling pathway.


specification of metanephric proximal tubule identity

The process in which the proximal tubule of the metanephric nephron acquires its identity.


S-adenosyl-L-methionine:benzoic acid carboxyl methyl transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = methylbenzoate + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis

The multiplication or reproduction of blood vessel endothelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population contributing to sprouting angiogenesis.


abscisic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of abscisic acid, 5-(1-hydroxy-2,6,6,trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-y1)-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid.


circadian sleep/wake cycle, wakefulness

The part of the circadian sleep/wake cycle where the organism is not asleep.


protein localization to prospore membrane

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a prospore membrane.


angiotensin type II receptor activity

An angiotensin receptor activity that acts via Gi protein coupling and cGMP (NO) generation, and may also act via additional signaling mechanisms.


limb spinous cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a limb spinous cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


cyanoamino acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanoamino acids, amino acid derivatives that contain a cyanide group.


beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminides.


regulation of pharynx morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pharynx morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structure of the pharynx is generated and organized.


basal dendrite morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a basal dendrite are generated and organized.


cellular response to selenium ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from selenium ion.


contact chemoreceptor activity

A non-GPCR transmembrane signaling receptor activity that is responsible for contact chemoreception.


Catalysis of the reaction: para-aminobenzoyl-glutamate + H2O = para-aminobenzoate + L-glutamate.


regulation of cell adhesion involved in sprouting angiogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell adhesion involved in sprouting angiogenesis.


attachment of GPI anchor to protein

A transamidation reaction that results in the cleavage of the polypeptide chain and the concomitant transfer of the GPI anchor to the newly formed carboxy-terminal amino acid of the anchored protein. The cleaved C-terminal contains the C-terminal GPI signal sequence of the newly synthesized polypeptide chain.


regulation of imaginal disc-derived leg joint morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of imaginal disc-derived leg joint morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structure of the imaginal disc-derived leg joint is generated and organized.


response to GW 7647

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a GW 7647 stimulus.


intracellular cAMP-activated cation channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when intracellular cAMP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts, to regulate the postsynaptic membrane potential.


negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway.


regulation of neurotransmitter levels

Any process that modulates levels of neurotransmitter.


response to polyamine macromolecule

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a polyamine macromolecule stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: coenzyme B + methyl-coenzyme M = coenzyme M-coenzyme B heterodisulfide + methane. Methyl-CoM is also known as 2-(methylthio)ethanesulfonate, coenzyme B as N-(7-mercaptoheptanoyl)threonine 3-O-phosphate, and coenzyme M-coenzyme B heterodisulfide as CoM-S-S-CoB.


CENP-A containing nucleosome binding

Binding to a centromere-specific nucleosome, a form of nucleosome located only at the centromere, in which the histone H3 is replaced by the variant form CENP-A (sometimes known as CenH3).


pancreatic polypeptide receptor activity

Combining with pancreatic polypeptide PP to initiate a change in cell activity.


peroxisome localization

Any process in which a peroxisome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. A peroxisome is a small membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules.


cellular response to serotonin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a serotonin stimulus.


regulation of mesenchymal stem cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell proliferation.


skeletal muscle myosin thick filament assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the myosin-based thick filaments of myofibrils in skeletal muscle.


negative regulation of cellular response to heat

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to heat.


Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranose + H2O <=> 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranose + GDP + H+.


citrate-L-glutamate ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + citrate + L-glutamate = ADP + phosphate + beta-citryl-L-glutamate.


mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit.


response to high population density

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or a multicellular organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a higher than normal number of multicellular organisms living per unit area.


protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine

The glycosylation of protein via the N4 atom of peptidyl-asparagine forming N4-glycosyl-L-asparagine; the most common form is N-acetylglucosaminyl asparagine; N-acetylgalactosaminyl asparagine and N4 glucosyl asparagine also occur. This modification typically occurs in extracellular peptides with an N-X-(ST) motif. Partial modification has been observed to occur with cysteine, rather than serine or threonine, in the third position; secondary structure features are important, and proline in the second or fourth positions inhibits modification.


transmembrane histidine kinase cytokinin receptor activity

Combining with a cytokinin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-histidine = ADP + a protein-L-histidine phosphate.


regulation of sclerenchyma cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sclerenchyma cell differentiation.


maintenance of protein location in cell cortex of cell tip

A process in which a protein or protein complex is maintained in a specific location in the cell cortex of a cell tip, and is prevented from moving elsewhere. The cell cortex of a cell tip is the region directly beneath the plasma membrane at either end of the longest axis of a cylindrical or elongated cell.


TAP complex binding

Binding to a TAP complex.


regulation of backward locomotion

Any process that modulates the speed, mechanical force, or rhythm of the posterior movement of an organism.


myo-inositol transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of myo-inositol from one side of a membrane to the other. Myo-inositol is 1,2,3,4,5/4,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.


molybdenum incorporation via L-serinyl molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide

The incorporation of molybdenum into a protein via L-serinyl molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide.


neutrophil aggregation

The adhesion of one neutrophil to one or more other neutrophils via adhesion molecules.


bacteriochlorophyll metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a bacteriochlorophyll, any of the chlorophylls of photosynthetic bacteria. They differ structurally from the chlorophylls of higher plants.


(R)-2-methylmalate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-citramalate = 2-methylmaleate + H2O.


nuclear steroid receptor activity

Combining with a steroid hormone and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity or function.


arogenate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arogenate + NADP+ = L-tyrosine + NADPH + CO2.


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-L-fucose 1-phosphate + GTP + H+ = diphosphate + GDP-beta-L-fucose.


picolinic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving picolinic acid.


negative regulation of secondary cell wall biogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of secondary cell wall biogenesis.


polyphosphate-mediated signaling

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another using polyphosphate as the signal.


alcohol dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an alcohol + NAD(P)+ = an aldehyde + NAD(P)H + H+.


lung cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of a mature cell found in the lung. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


superior reticular formation development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the superior reticular formation over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


glycerol dehydrogenase [NADP+] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycerol + NADP+ = D-glyceraldehyde + NADPH.


positive regulation of sporangiospore formation

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sporangiospore formation, a process in which sporangiospores, a type of asexual spore found in fungi, are formed. Sporangiospores are formed within sac-like structure, the sporangium, following the division of the cytoplasm.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + N-acetyl-L-aspartate + L-glutamate = ADP + phosphate + N-acetylaspartyl-glutamate.


proboscis morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the proboscis are generated and organized. The proboscis is the trunk-like extension of the mouthparts on the adult head.


negative regulation of lateral motor column neuron migration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lateral motor column neuron migration.


4-toluenecarboxylate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-toluenecarboxylate, 4-methylbenzenecarboxylate, the anion of carboxylic acid attached to a methylbenzene molecule.


adenyl deoxyribonucleotide binding

Binding to an adenyl deoxyribonucleotide, any compound consisting of adenosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the deoxyribose moiety.


response to fatty acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fatty acid stimulus.


NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + a quinone = NAD+ + a quinol.


establishment of protein localization to organelle

The directed movement of a protein to a specific location on or in an organelle. Encompasses establishment of localization in the membrane or lumen of a membrane-bounded organelle.


endocardial cushion formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of an endocardial cushion. The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves.


xylulokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-xylulose + ATP = D-xylulose 5-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


positive regulation of defense response to bacterium

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to bacterium.


positive regulation by symbiont of ethylene levels in host

Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene levels in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: cis-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienoic acid + ATP + CoASH = cis-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienoyl-CoA + AMP + PPi.


T cell tolerance induction to tumor cell

A process of tolerance induction dependent on T cells which leads to immunological tolerance of a tumor.


lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipopolysaccharides, any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.


cyanidin 3,7-diglucoside glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3,7-di-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + H2O <=> cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + beta-D-glucose.


subpallium glioblast cell division

The division of glioblasts in the subpallium. These cells will give rise to oligodendrocytes.


reproductive fruiting body development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a reproductive fruiting body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A reproductive fruiting body is a multicellular reproductive structure that contains spores.


protein carboxylation

The addition of a carboxy group to a protein amino acid.


cerebellar Purkinje cell-granule cell precursor cell signaling involved in regulation of granule cell precursor cell proliferation

The process that mediates the transfer of information from Purkinje cells to granule cell precursors resulting in an increase in rate of granule cell precursor cell proliferation.


Binding a substrate via a thioester at the terminal thiol of a covalentely linked phosphopantetheine prosthetic group and mediating protein-protein interactions with cognate enzymes for processing or offloading of the thiol-bound substrate.


glutamate catabolic process to oxaloacetate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including oxaloacetate.


asexual sporulation resulting in formation of a multicellular or syncytial spore

The formation of a multicellular or syncytial spore via septations derived from mitosis.


mannose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase (GTP) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-mannose 1-phosphate + GTP = diphosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose.


phosphatidylcholine binding

Binding to a phosphatidylcholine, a glycophospholipid in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-alanine + glyoxylate = pyruvate + glycine.


response to stilbenoid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of exposure to a stilbenoid. Stilbenoids are secondary products of heartwood formation in trees that can act as phytoalexins. Stilbenoids are hydroxylated derivatives of stilbene. They belong to the family of phenylpropanoids and share most of their biosynthesis pathway with chalcones.


mitotic G2 cell cycle arrest in response to glucose starvation

The process in which the mitotic cell cycle is halted during G2 phase as a result of deprivation of glucose.


cellular response to 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine stimulus.


CDP-diacylglycerol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of CDP-diacylglycerol, CDP-1,2-diacylglycerol, a substance composed of diacylglycerol in glycosidic linkage with cytidine diphosphate.


purine nucleobase metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, which include adenine and guanine.


acyl-CoA binding

Binding to an acyl-CoA, a thioester that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any carboxylic acid.


positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-(pentadeca-8,11,14-trien-1-yl)resorcinol + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> H+ + 5-(pentadeca-8,11,14-trien-1-yl)resorcinol monomethyl ether + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


transitional two stage B cell differentiation

The process in which immature B cells from the bone marrow acquire the specialized features of T2 stage B cells in the spleen. T2 stage B cells express CD23 but not CD21.


phytyl diphosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytyl diphosphate, (2E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl trihydrogen diphosphate.


cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cell wall polysaccharides.


Catalysis of the reaction: nitrilotriacetate + NADH + H+ + O2 = NAD+ + H2O + glyoxylate + iminodiacetate.


positive regulation of dendritic spine development

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of dendritic spine development, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendritic spine over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


face morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the face are generated and organized. The face is the ventral division of the head.


RNA trimethylguanosine synthase activity

Catalysis of two successive methyl transfer reactions from AdoMet to the N-2 atom of guanosine, thereby converting 7-methylguanosine in an RNA cap to 2,2,7 trimethylguanosine.


aldehyde dehydrogenase (FAD-independent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an aldehyde + H2O + acceptor = a carboxylate + reduced acceptor.


teliospore formation

The set of processes leading to the formation of a thick-walled resting or over-wintering spore produced by the rust fungi (Uredinales) and smut fungi (Ustilaginales) in which karyogamy occurs.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors, oxygen as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen.


establishment of pole plasm mRNA localization

Any process that results in the directed movement of mRNA to the oocyte pole plasm.


synaptic vesicle membrane organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the membrane surrounding a synaptic vesicle.


cellular response to water stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of water.


leukotriene D4 catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of leukotriene D4.


pyocyanine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyrocyanin, an iminium betaine that is 5-methylphenazin-5-ium which is substituted at position 1 by an oxidanidyl group.


negative regulation of cell chemotaxis to fibroblast growth factor

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell chemotaxis to fibroblast growth factor.


positive regulation of cell migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.


negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development.


adult chitin-based cuticle development

Synthesis and deposition of the chitin-based cuticle of adults following the apolysis of the pupal cuticle. The adult insect cuticle contains cuticullin, a protein epicuticle and a lamellate procuticle. An example of this process is adult chitin-based cuticle development in Drosophila melanogaster.


Catalysis of the reaction: isovaleryl-CoA + 3 malonyl-CoA = 4 CoASH + 3 CO2 + 3-methyl-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)butan-1-one.


axonogenesis

De novo generation of a long process of a neuron, including the terminal branched region. Refers to the morphogenesis or creation of shape or form of the developing axon, which carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells.


tube development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tube over time, from its initial formation to a mature structure. Epithelial and endothelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues including lung and trachea, kidney, the mammary gland, the vascular system and the gastrointestinal and urinary-genital tracts.


spermine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of spermine, a polybasic amine found in human sperm, in ribosomes and in some viruses and involved in nucleic acid packaging.


negative regulation of keratinocyte proliferation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


positive regulation of Schwann cell chemotaxis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell chemotaxis.


response to hydroperoxide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydroperoxide stimulus. Hydroperoxides are monosubstitution products of hydrogen peroxide, HOOH.


cell motility in response to calcium ion

Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another as a result of a calcium ion stimulus.


leukotriene signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by leukotriene binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


positive regulation by host of viral process

A process in which a host organism activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the release of a process being mediated by a virus with which it is infected.


malyl-CoA lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (3S)-3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA = acetyl-CoA + glyoxylate.


light-activated voltage-gated calcium channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a voltage-gated channel that is activated in response to light. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


regulation of microglia differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of microglia differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a microglial cell.


positive regulation of leukocyte activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte activation.


regulation of aconitate hydratase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of aconitate hydratase activity.


interferon-tau production

The appearance of interferon-tau due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


early neuron fate commitment in forebrain

The commitment of neuroepithelial cell to become a neuron that will reside in the forebrain.


D-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of D-amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. D-amino acids are the D-enantiomers of amino acids.


active borate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transport of borate across a membrane against the concentration gradient.


ERBB3 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor ERBB3 on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. ERBB3 receptors have impaired kinase activity and rely on the kinase activity of the heterodimer partner for activation and signal transmission.


formation of radial glial scaffolds

The formation of scaffolds from a radial glial cell. The scaffolds are used as a substrate for the radial migration of cells.


photosystem II repair

Proteolysis of the damaged D1 protein and re-assembly of a new D1 subunit in the photosystem II following photoinhibition.


cellular response to prostaglandin stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-deoxy-D-gluconate + NAD+ = 3-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate + NADH + H+.


positive regulation of pyloric antrum smooth muscle contraction

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of any pyloric antrum smooth muscle contraction.


Harderian gland development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the Harderian gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The Harderian gland is an anterior orbital structure usually associated with the nictitating membrane, and produces and secretes a variety of substances to the eye, depending upon the species.


positive regulation of cell population proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation.


pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-pyrrolysine + tRNA(Pyl) = AMP + diphosphate + L-pyrrolysyl-tRNA(Pyl).


positive regulation of neuroepithelial cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuroepithelial cell differentiation.


nucleus-vacuole junction assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a nucleus-vacuole junction (NVJ), membrane contact sites formed between the vacuole membrane and the outer nuclear membrane. In S. cerevisiae these contacts are mediated through direct physical interaction between Vac8p and Nvj1p. The NVJ plays roles in piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus and in the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting pathway.


17-beta-ketosteroid reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 17-beta-ketosteroid + NADPH + H+ = a 17-beta-hydroxysteroid + NADP+.


urea transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of urea from one side of a membrane to the other. Urea is the water soluble compound H2N-CO-NH2.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine.


endomitotic cell cycle

A mitotic cell cycle in which chromosomes are replicated and sister chromatids separate, but spindle formation, nuclear membrane breakdown and nuclear division do not occur, resulting in an increased number of chromosomes in the cell.


root development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the root over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The root is the water- and mineral-absorbing part of a plant which is usually underground, does not bear leaves, tends to grow downwards and is typically derived from the radicle of the embryo.


cell wall chitin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cell wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of cells.


protein malonylation

The modification of a protein amino acid by the addition of a malonyl (CO-CH2-CO) group.


sulfur amino acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of sulfur amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Sulphur amino acids contain sulfur in the form of cystine, methionine or their derivatives.


positive regulation of plasmatocyte differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of plasmatocyte differentiation.


vacuolar calcium ion homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions in the vacuole or between a vacuole and its surroundings.


GTP diphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GMP + H+ + diphosphate.


imaginal disc-derived genitalia development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the genitalia over time, from formation as part of the genital disc to the mature structure. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


intracellular oxygen homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of oxygen within a cell.


cardioblast cell fate determination

The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a cardioblast cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


dehydrogluconate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-dehydro-D-gluconate + A = 2,5-didehydro-D-gluconate + AH(2).


host interaction involved in quorum sensing

A quorum sensing process that is modulated by some interaction with a host cell or organism.


Catalysis of the reaction: gluconapin + a reduced electron acceptor + O2 = xi-progoitrin + an oxidized electron acceptor + H2O.


spermatid nucleus differentiation

The specialization of the spermatid nucleus during the development of a spermatid into a mature male gamete competent for fertilization.


positive regulation of defecation rhythm

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of defecation rhythm.


averantin hydroxylase activity

Catalyzes the reaction: (1'S)-averantin + [reduced NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 <=> (1'S,5'S)-5'-hydroxyaverantin + [oxidized NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + H2O. Involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis.


purine deoxyribonucleoside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any purine deoxyribonucleoside, one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


regulation of osmosensory signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osmosensory signaling pathway.


neutrophil extravasation

The migration of a neutrophil from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue.


ribosomal protein S6 kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ribosomal protein S6 + ATP = ribosomal protein S6 phosphate + ATP.


anterior semicircular canal development

The progession of the anterior semicircular canal from its initial formation to the mature structure.


learning

Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience.


endocytosis, site selection

The process of selecting and or marking the position where endocytosis will occur.


positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immunity.


mycothiol-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: formaldehyde + mycothiol + NAD+ = S-formylmycothiol + NADH + H+.


positive regulation of iodide transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of iodide transport.


regulation of developmental process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).


B cell anergy

Any process contributing to anergy in B cells, a state of functional inactivation which is part of B cell tolerance induction.


active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a specific substance or related group of substances from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction.


axon regeneration at neuromuscular junction

The regrowth of axons following their loss or damage at the neuromuscular junction. Motor axons regenerate after injury and they form neuro-muscular junctions with skeletal myofibers similar to normal ones.


animal organ maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an animal organ to attain its fully functional state. An organ is a tissue or set of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions.


regulation of epithelial cell migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell migration.


regulation of short-term synaptic potentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of short-term synaptic potentiation.


positive regulation of bile acid secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of bile acid from a cell or a tissue.


low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a low-density lipoprotein particle receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.


response to antimetabolite

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antimetabolite stimulus. An antimetabolite is a substance which is structurally similar to a metabolite but which competes with it or replaces it, and so prevents or reduces its normal utilization.


Catalysis of the reaction: P1-P6-bis(5'-adenosyl) pentaphosphate + H2O = AMP + adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate.


genital disc pattern formation

The process that gives rise to the patterns of cell differentiation that will arise in the genital imaginal disc.


ornithine cyclodeaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-ornithine = L-proline + NH4.


pigment metabolic process involved in pigmentation

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pigment, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, resulting in the deposition or aggregation of pigment in an organism, tissue or cell.


positive regulation of stomach fundus smooth muscle contraction

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of any stomach fundus smooth muscle contraction.


Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + ubiquinone-8 = glycerone phosphate + ubiquinol-8.


protein maturation by copper ion transfer

A process that contributes to the delivery of copper ions to a target protein.


activin binding

Binding to activin, a dimer of inhibin-beta subunits.


negative regulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity

Any process that stops or reduces the activity of an ion transporter.


dopaminergic neuron axon guidance

The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone of a dopaminergic neuron to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


anaerobic nitrilotriacetate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrilotriacetate, the aminotricarboxylic acid N(CH2COO-)3, that occur in the absence of oxygen.


mating-type alpha-factor pheromone receptor activity

Combining with the mating-type alpha-factor pheromone to initiate a change in cell activity.


ketohexokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-fructose = ADP + D-fructose 1-phosphate.


thiamine pyrophosphate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of thiamine pyrophosphate a substance from one side of a membrane to the other.


negative regulation of cellular defense response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of the cellular defense response.


acyl-CoA desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: AH2 + O2 + octadecanoyl-CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + A + 2 H2O.


pronephric duct development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pronephric duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pronephric duct collects the filtrate from the pronephric tubules and opens to the exterior of the pronephric kidney.


estrogen 2-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: estrogen + donor-H2 + O2 = 2-hydroxyestrogen + H2O.


cell killing

Any process in an organism that results in the killing of its own cells or those of another organism, including in some cases the death of the other organism. Killing here refers to the induction of death in one cell by another cell, not cell-autonomous death due to internal or other environmental conditions.


anandamide epoxidase activity

Catalysis of the epoxidation of double bonds of the arachidonoyl moiety of anandamide.


superoxide dismutase copper chaperone activity

A copper chaperone activity that specifically delivers copper to the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, to activate superoxide dismutase activity.


detection of light stimulus

The series of events in which a light stimulus (in the form of photons) is received and converted into a molecular signal.


protein localization to microtubule end

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location at a microtubule end.


N-terminal protein formylation

The formylation of the N-terminal amino acid of proteins.


regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in ureteric bud formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in ureteric bud formation.


cytosine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cytosine, 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine, a pyrimidine derivative that is one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids; it occurs widely in cytidine derivatives.


estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase [NAD(P)] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: estradiol-17-beta + NAD(P)+ = estrone + NAD(P)H + H+. The activity can use NAD+ or NADP+ as the acceptor.


gibberellin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of gibberellin from one side of a membrane to the other.


regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the lectin pathway of complement activation.


The phosphopantetheinylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phosphopantetheine-L-serine.


D-threonine aldolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-threonine (or D-allo-threonine) = glycine + acetaldehyde.


capsule poly-gamma-glutamate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of poly-gamma-glutamate, a polymer of D- and/or L-glutamic acid residues linked by gamma-peptidyl bonds, that forms all or part of a bacterial capsule.


D-cysteine desulfhydrase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-cysteine + H2O = sulfide + NH3 + pyruvate.


negative regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation.


dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


hyaluronoglucuronidase activity

Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of 1,3-linkages between beta-D-glucuronate and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in hyaluronate.


canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle cell fate commitment

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin and contributing to cardiac muscle cell fate commitment. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.


spliceosomal complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a spliceosomal complex, a ribonucleoprotein apparatus that catalyzes nuclear mRNA splicing via transesterification reactions.


calcium-dependent cell-matrix adhesion

The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules that require the presence of calcium for the interaction.


detection of temperature stimulus

The series of events in which a temperature stimulus (hot or cold) is received and converted into a molecular signal.


C-C motif chemokine 21 receptor activity

Combining with the C-C motif chemokine 21 (CCL21) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


protein localization to nucleus

A process in which a protein transports or maintains the localization of another protein to the nucleus.


RNA localization

A process in which RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


phosphoadenylylsulfatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + H2O = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + sulfate.


diol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a diol, a compound that contains two hydroxy groups, generally assumed to be, but not necessarily, alcoholic.


cis-acting DNA replication termination

A DNA replication termination process that is initiated by protein binding to a binding site on the same chromosome, but remote from the termination site, via DNA looping or chromosome kissing.


cellobiose dehydrogenase (acceptor) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cellobiose + acceptor = cellobiono-1,5-lactone + reduced acceptor.


lutein metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform lutein.


cellular response to ionizing radiation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ionizing radiation stimulus. Ionizing radiation is radiation with sufficient energy to remove electrons from atoms and may arise from spontaneous decay of unstable isotopes, resulting in alpha and beta particles and gamma rays. Ionizing radiation also includes X-rays.


positive regulation of retrograde axon cargo transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde axon cargo transport.


DNA-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to a DNA molecule.


Photinus-luciferin 4-monooxygenase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + ATP + Photinus luciferin = light + diphosphate + AMP + CO2 + oxidized Photinus luciferin.


Catalysis of the reaction: P(1),P(4)-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate + H2O = 2 ADP + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (S)-reticuline.


Catalysis of the transfer of a glucosyl group from UDP-glucose to the 4'-hydroxy group of a quercetin molecule.


extraembryonic membrane development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an extraembryonic membrane over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


behavioral defense response to insect

A behavioral response seeking to protect an organism from an a perceived external threat from an insect or insects to that organism.


snoRNA splicing

The process of removing sections of a primary snoRNA transcript to remove sequences not present in the mature form of the snoRNA and joining the remaining sections to form the mature form of the snoRNA.


primary amino compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving primary amino compound.


conversion of lysyl-tRNA to pyrrolysyl-tRNA

The modification process that results in the conversion of lysine, carried by a specialized lysine-accepting tRNA (possessing a CUA anticodon), to pyrrolysine (a lysine with an amide linkage to a (4R,5R)-4-substituted pyrroline-5-carboxylate).


O-succinylbenzoate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-succinylbenzoate + H2O = 2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate.


calcium-induced calcium release activity

Enables transmembrane transfer of calcium ions from an intracellular store to the cytosol on induction by increased calcium concentration.


digestive tract mesoderm development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the digestive tract mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The digestive tract mesoderm is portion of the middle layer of the three primary germ layers of the embryo which will go on to form part of the digestive tract of the organism.


protein-heme linkage via 1'-L-histidine

The covalent linkage of heme and a protein via 1'-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-heme-histidine, tele-heme-histidine).


deoxyinosine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyinosine, hypoxanthine deoxyriboside.


sensory perception of temperature stimulus

The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory temperature stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


positive regulation of fibrinolysis

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots.


tongue morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the tongue are generated and organized. The tongue is the movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth of most vertebrates, in man other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in speech.


pantothenate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the directed movement of pantothenate across a membrane. Pantothenate is the anion of pantothenic acid, the amide of beta-alanine and pantoic acid; it is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.


positive regulation of cell motility

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility.


protein acylation

The addition of an acyl group, any group or radical of the form RCO- where R is an organic group, to a protein amino acid.


beta-primeverosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 6-O-(beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O = 6-O-(beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranose + an alcohol.


R7 cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the R7 photoreceptor over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The R7 photoreceptor is the last photoreceptor to develop in the ommatidium.


natural killer cell differentiation involved in immune response

The process in which a naive natural killer cell acquires the specialized features of an effector natural killer T cell as part of an immune response.


selenium-containing prosthetic group biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a prosthetic group that contains selenium, as in the selenium-dependent molybdenum hydroxylases. The selenium atom in the prosthetic group is required for enzymatic function but is labile to a variety of treatments.


transmitting tissue development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the transmitting tract over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The transmitting tissue is the tissue in the style of a carpel through which the pollen tube grows; it connects the stigma and the inside of ovary.


cellular detoxification of fluoride

Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity of a fluoride. These may include chemical modification or transport of fluoride away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance.


RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions

Splicing of RNA via a series of two transesterification reactions.


N-terminal protein amino acid carboxylation

The carboxylation of the N-terminal amino acid of proteins.


Wnt signaling pathway involved in animal/vegetal axis specification

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell contributing to the specification of the animal/vegetal axis of an oocyte.


GDP-mannose 6-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-alpha-D-mannose + H2O + 2 NAD+ = GDP-D-mannuronate + 3 H+ + 2 NADH.


lipid homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of lipid within an organism or cell.


ganglioside metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ceramide oligosaccharides carrying in addition to other sugar residues, one or more sialic acid residues.


guaiacyl lignin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guaiacyl lignin.


lens fiber cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a lens fiber cell. A lens fiber cell is any of the elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in a camera-type eye.


N',N'',N'''-triacetylfusarinine C biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of N',N'',N'''-triacetylfusarinine C.


phenol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phenol, a compound that consists of a benzene ring with one attached hydroxyl group.


positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hydrogen peroxide

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hydrogen peroxide.


tube fusion

The joining of specific branches of a tubular system to form a continuous network.


intracellular iron ion homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of iron ions within a cell.


nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


tubulin deacetylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl(alpha-tubulin) + H2O = alpha-tubulin + acetate.


2-iminoacetate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine + reduced acceptor = 2-iminoacetate + 4-methylphenol + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + acceptor + 2 H+.


sensory neuron axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a sensory neuron is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. A sensory neuron is an afferent neuron conveying sensory impulses.


esculetin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving esculetin, 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin.


pregnan-21-ol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + pregnan-21-ol = H+ + NADPH + pregnan-21-al.


eye pigment catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of eye pigments, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, found or utilized in the eye.


actin polymerization-dependent cell motility

A process involved in the controlled movement of a bacterial cell powered by the continuous polymerization of actin at one pole of the cell.


enucleate erythrocyte maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an enucleate erythrocyte to attain its fully functional state. An enucleate erythrocyte is an erythrocyte without a nucleus.


response to transforming growth factor beta

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus.


T cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target

The directed killing of a tumor cell by a T cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors.


adiponectin-activated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by adiponectin binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


detection of chemical stimulus involved in magnetoreception

The series of events involved in magnetoception in which a chemical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. It is believed that organisms such as birds and salamanders interpret product ratios in chemical reactions which involve transitions between different spin states.


deSUMOylase activity

An thiol-dependent isopeptidase activity that cleaves SUMO from a target protein to which it is conjugated.


The acetylation of the N-terminal isoleucine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-isoleucine. The occurrence of this modification has not been confirmed.


negative regulation of smooth muscle cell-matrix adhesion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell-matrix adhesion.


O-glycan processing, core 2

The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 2 O-glycan structure, GlcNAc-beta-(1->6)[Gal-beta-(1->3)]-GalNAc.


DIF-1 biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)hexan-1-one, also known as DIF-1, differentiation-inducing factor-1. DIF-1 is a secreted chlorinated molecule that controls cell fate during development of Dictyostelium cells.


sclerotium development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sclerotium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A sclerotium is a mycelial resting body, resistant to adverse environmental conditions.


interstitial cell of Cajal differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an interstitial cell of Cajal. An interstitial cell of Cajal is an intestinal neuroepithelial cell that serves as a pacemaker to trigger gut contraction.


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + imidazol-4-ylacetate + NADH + O2 = 5-hydroxyimidazole-4-acetate + H2O + NAD+.


aspartate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, 2-aminobutanedioic acid.


9-phenanthrol sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 9-phenanthrol + X-SO3(-) = HX + 9-phenanthrylsulfate.


vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the hydroxylation of C-24 of any form of vitamin D.


anther development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anther over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte apoptotic process.


regulation of growth hormone secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of growth hormone from a cell.


actin filament bundle distribution

Any cellular process that establishes the spatial arrangement of actin filament bundles within the cell.


Dsc E3 ubiquitin ligase complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a Dsc E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex localized to the ER and Golgi membrane.


D-galactose 6-phosphate 1-epimerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 6-phosphate = beta-D-galactose 6-phosphate.


magnetoreception by sensory perception of electrical stimulus

The series of events required for an organism to receive an electrical stimulus relating to a magnetic field, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Movement in a magnetic field results in an induced electric field, which can be perceived by organisms such as elasmobranch fish.


protein localization to interphase microtubule organizing center

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an interphase microtubule organizing center.


acetate ester transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of an acetate ester from one side of a membrane to the other.


oxalate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + CoA + oxalate = AMP + diphosphate + H+ + oxalyl-CoA.


histone H2B deubiquitinase activity

A histone deubiquitinase that cleaves ubiquitin from a histone H2B protein to which it is conjugated.


nicotinamide riboside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide riboside, the product of the formation of a glycosidic bond between ribose and nicotinamide.


clavulanic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving clavulanic acid, (2R,3Z,5R)-3-(2-hydroxyethylidene)-7-oxo-4-oxa-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid.


bud field specification

The regionalization process in which the identity of a bud primordium is specified. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


bronchiole morphogenesis

The process in which a bronchiole is generated and organized. A bronchiole is the first airway branch that no longer contains cartilage; it is a branch of the bronchi.


Catalysis of the reaction: a brassinosteroid + 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate = sulfated brassinosteroid + adenosine-3',5'-diphosphate. This reaction is the transfer of a sulfate group to the hydroxyl group of a brassinosteroid acceptor, producing the sulfated brassinosteroid derivative.


positive regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process

Any process that increases the rate or extent of striated muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a striated muscle cell and result in its death.


glucose transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of the hexose monosaccharide glucose from one side of a membrane to the other.


small intestine smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry in the intestine between the stomach and the large intestine.


negative regulation of T cell costimulation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell costimulation.


regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity.


adenosine deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: adenosine + H2O = inosine + NH3.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + (R)-mevalonate 5-phosphate = ADP + isopentenyl phosphate + CO2 + phosphate.


protein localization to nuclear periphery

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the nuclear periphery.


regulation of ligase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate. Ligase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 6.


mesonephric glomerular mesangial cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a mesonephric glomerular mesangial cell.


gene expression involved in extracellular matrix organization

Any gene expression that is involved in extracellular matrix organization. Gene expression includes both transcription to produce an RNA transcript, and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included in gene expression when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.


lymphocyte aggregation

The adhesion of one lymphocyte to one or more other lymphocytes via adhesion molecules.


intronic box C/D RNA processing

Any process involved in the conversion of a primary box C/D type small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) transcript that resides within, and is processed from, the intron of a pre-mRNA into a mature box C/D snoRNA.


cellular response to interleukin-7

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-7 stimulus.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from one donor, and molecular oxygen is incorporated into a donor.


Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + UDP-alpha-D-xylose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-[beta-D-xylosyl-(1->2)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + H+ + UDP.


ESCRT complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an ESCRT complex.


pancreatic E cell fate commitment

The commitment of a cell to a pancreatic E cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a pancreatic E cell.


ectodermal cell fate determination

The cell fate determination process that results in a cell becoming capable of differentiating autonomously into an ectoderm cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.


response to estrogen

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics.


antennal morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the antenna are generated and organized.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate + 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione = 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine + phosphate.


positive regulation of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + NADP+ = 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + H+ + NADPH.


regulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of uterine smooth muscle contraction.


sphingomyelin transfer activity

Removes a sphingomyelin from the outer leaflet of a donor membrane, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to the outer leaflet of an acceptor membrane.


cell competition in a multicellular organism

Competitive interactions within multicellular organisms between cell populations that differ in growth rates, leading to the elimination of the slowest-growing cells.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-glutamate + ATP + UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine = ADP + 2 H+ + phosphate + UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate.


copper ion homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of copper ions within an organism or cell.


dentinogenesis

The process whose specific outcome is the formation of dentin, the mineralized tissue that constitutes the major bulk of teeth. Dentin may be one of three types: primary dentin, secondary dentin, and tertiary dentin.


positive regulation of neural crest cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neural crest cell differentiation.


p-cresol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving p-cresol.


Catalysis of the reduction of a peptide-linked thiazoline to thiazole.


renal tubule morphogenesis

The process in which the renal tubule is generated by specification of cell fate, through the maintenance of cell polarity, regulated cell proliferation and morphogenetic cell rearrangements, shape changes and growth. A renal tubule is a tube that filters, re-absorbs and secretes substances to rid an organism of waste and to play a role in fluid homeostasis.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-adenosylmethioninamine, (5-deoxy-5-adenosyl)(3-aminopropyl) methylsulfonium salt.


kynurenine 7,8-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: kynurenate + donor-H2 + O2 = 7,8-dihydro-7,8-dihydroxykynurenate + acceptor.


TRAIL receptor activity

Combining with the ligand TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) and transmitting the signal from one side of the plasma membrane to the other to initiate apoptotic cell death.


positive regulation of plasma cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of plasma cell differentiation.


gibberellin A9 16alpha,17 epoxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A9 + O2 + H+ + NAD(P)H <=> 16alpha, 17-epoxy gibberellin A9 + H2O + NAD(P).


cellular response to cobalt ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cobalt ion stimulus.


cerebral cortex cell migration

The orderly movement of cells from one site to another in the cerebral cortex.


1-indanone monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-indanone + NADPH + 1/2 O2 = NADP+ + 3,4-dihydrocoumarin.


histone H3K14 acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H3 L-lysine (position 14) = CoA + histone H3 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 14).


propionate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of propionate, the anion derived from propionic acid.


embryonic body morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the embryonic soma are generated and organized.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate + wogonin <=> UDP + wogonin 7-O-beta-D-glucuronate + H+.


Fc receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the Fc portion of an immunoglobulin to an Fc receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region.


Catalysis of the glycosidic cleavage of the terminal 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranoside 6-sulfate (6-SO3-GlcNAc) residue from sulfomucin, a sulfated mucin derivative.


non-sensory hair organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of non-sensory hairs. These hairs are polarized cellular extensions that cover much of the insect epidermis.


tobramycin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tobramycin.


oxalate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving oxalate, the organic acid ethanedioate.


rhombomere 5 morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of rhombomere 5 are generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order.


chemotaxis to oxidizable substrate

The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to the presence of an oxidizable substrate, for example, fructose.


gliotoxin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the epipolythiodioxopiperazine gliotoxin, a poisonous substance produced by some species of fungi.


pyrimidine ribonucleoside binding

Binding to a pyrimidine ribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a pyrimidine base linked to ribose.


hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in sulfonyl-containing anhydrides

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid anhydride which contains a sulfonyl group, -SO2-.


cellular response to forskolin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a forskolin stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: protein-malonyllysine + H2O => protein-lysine + malonate. This reaction is the removal of a malonyl group (CO-CH2-CO) from a malonylated lysine residue of a protein or peptide.


pyridine-containing compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pyridine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains pyridine or a formal derivative thereof.


streptomycin 3''-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + streptomycin = ADP + 2 H+ + streptomycin 3''-phosphate.


B cell antigen processing and presentation following pinocytosis

B cell antigen processing and presentation which is initiated by uptake of antigen via pinocytosis.


rhythmic process

Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism.


regulation of protein catabolic process at synapse, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating protein degradation at the synapse.


histone H3K79 methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H3 L-lysine (position 79) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 79). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the lysine residue at position 79 of the histone H3 protein.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminobenzenesulfonate, an aromatic sulfonate used in organic synthesis and in the manufacture of various dyes and medicines.


regulation of chanoclavine-I aldehyde biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chanoclavine-I aldehyde biosynthetic process.


pyrithiamine deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(4-amino-2-methylpyrimid-5-ylmethyl)-3-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-2-methylpyridinium bromide + H2O = 1-(4-hydroxy-2-methylpyrimid-5-ylmethyl)-3-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-2-methylpyridinium bromide + NH3.


medial motor column neuron differentiation

The process in which differentiating motor neurons in the neural tube acquire the specialized structural and/or functional features of medial motor column neurons. Medial motor column neurons are generated at all rostrocaudal levels and send axons to the axial muscles (medial group) and to the body wall muscles (lateral group). Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


diol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a diol, any alcohol containing two hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms.


negative regulation of prolactin signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of prolactin signaling pathway.


positive regulation of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway.


cellular response to selenite ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a selenite ion stimulus.


histone H3R2 arginine deiminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + histone H3 L-arginyl (position 2)= histone H3 L-citrullyl (position 2) + NH4+, resulting in histone H3 citrullination at position 2.


neural crest cell development

The process aimed at the progression of a neural crest cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


ferric enterobactin:proton symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ferric enterobactin(out) + H+(out) = ferric enterobactin(in) + H+(in).


maintenance of stationary phase in response to starvation

The homeostatic process in which a population of cells changes its metabolic activity resulting in the rate of death in the population equaling the rate of reproduction in response to limited nutrients in the environment.


regulation of metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism.


N-acetylneuraminate lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetylneuraminate = N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate.


respiratory basal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a respiratory basal cell.


quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + O2 + quercetin = 2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyloxy)-4,6-dihydroxybenzoate + CO.


dorsal spinal cord interneuron axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a dorsal spinal cord interneuron is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. A dorsal spinal cord interneuron is an interneuron located in the dorsal part of the spinal cord.


phosphorus metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element phosphorus or compounds that contain phosphorus, usually in the form of a phosphate group (PO4).


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-deoxystreptamine(2+) + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine <=> H+ + 2'-N-acetylparomamine(2+) + UDP(3-).


cochlea morphogenesis

The process in which the cochlea is generated and organized.


D-arabinitol dehydrogenase, D-xylulose forming (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinitol + NADP+ = D-xylulose + NADPH + H+.


regulation of sensory perception of sweet taste

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of sweet taste.


astaxanthin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of astaxanthin.


positive regulation of mini excitatory postsynaptic potential

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of mini excitatory postsynaptic potential. Mini excitatory postsynaptic potential is a process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell, induced by the spontaneous release of a single vesicle of an excitatory neurotransmitter into the synapse.


lateral line nerve glial cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation

The process in which the structure of a glial cell in a lateral line nerve is generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a glial cell in a lateral line nerve.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NAD(P)H as one donor, and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into one donor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from NADH or NADPH and one other donor, and two atoms of oxygen are incorporated into one donor.


negative regulation of hypoxanthine transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of hypoxanthine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


sulfate binding

Binding to sulfate, SO4(2-), a negatively charged small molecule.


glomerular mesangial cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of glomerular mesangial cells, resulting in the expansion of the population.


high-affinity tryptophan transmembrane transporter activity

Catalysis of the high-affinity transfer of L-tryptophan from one side of a membrane to the other. Tryptophan is 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


adult foraging behavior

Behavior by which an adult locates food.


smooth muscle cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of smooth muscle cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process.


N-glycan processing to secreted and cell-surface N-glycans

The modification of high-mannose (Man9-Asn) N-glycans by mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase. This may result in Man8GlcNAc2-Asn N-glycans (which in yeast may be subsequently modified by the addition of further mannose residues) or Man5GlcNAc2-Asn N-glycans that are substrates for further diversification in the Golgi apparatus.


cellular response to superoxide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a superoxide stimulus. Superoxide is the anion, oxygen-, formed by addition of one electron to dioxygen (O2) or any compound containing the superoxide anion.


surfactant homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of a steady-state level of a surface-active agent that maintains the surface tension of a liquid.


lipooligosaccharide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipooligosaccharide.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzalpyruvate + H2O = 3-formylsalicylic acid + pyruvate.


regulation of glycogen synthase activity, transferring glucose-1-phosphate

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glycogen synthase activity, transferring glucose-1-phosphate.


somatic diversification of T cell receptor genes by N region addition

The addition of variable numbers of random nucleotides by terminal deoxytransferase in the N regions of T cell receptor genes. N regions are found at the V-D, D-D, V-J, and D-J recombinational junctions, depending on the T cell receptor gene.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3alpha-hydroxyglycyrrhetinate + NADP+ = 3-oxoglycyrrhetinate + H+ + NADPH.


positive regulation of lymphocyte migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte migration.


cellular alkene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving an alkene, any acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having one carbon-carbon double bond and the general formula CnH2n, as carried out by individual cells.


neurotrophin production

The appearance of a neurotrophin due to biosynthesis or secretion by cells in a neuron's target field, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. A neurotrophin is any of a family of growth factors that prevent apoptosis in neurons and promote nerve growth.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-(1,4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-proteoglycan + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-(1,4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-proteoglycan + UDP.


meiotic interphase II

The cell cycle phase which begins at the end of meiosis I cytokinesis and ends when meiosis II prophase begins. During meiotic interphase II no DNA replication takes place, but the centrioles duplicate and spindle fibres emerge.


T cell meandering migration

The random-like motility observed for T cells in lymph nodes which enhances surveillance of antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on antigen presenting cells (APCs).


The chemical reactions and pathways involving hercynylselenocysteine.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipooligosaccharide.


vomitoxin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of type B trichothecene vomitoxin, also known as deoxynivalenol, a poisonous substance produced by some species of fungi and predominantly occurs in grains such as wheat, barley and oats.


positive regulation of neutrophil differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil differentiation.


positive regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of an intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway.


riboflavin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine + H+ = 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil + riboflavin.


hexuronate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of hexuronates from one side of a membrane to the other. A hexuronate is any monocarboxylic acid derived from a hexose by oxidation of C-6.


positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of progression through the embryonic mitotic cell cycle.


ITP metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ITP, inosine triphosphate.


cyanide hydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: formamide = H2O + hydrogen cyanide.


growth plate cartilage morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of growth plate cartilage are generated and organized.


positive regulation of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to heat

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to heat.


nitrogen utilization

A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary nitrogen source, usually ammonia, and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary nitrogen source and to transport and metabolize alternative nitrogen sources. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects nitrogen levels, includes the activation of genes whose products detect, transport or metabolize nitrogen-containing substances, and ends when nitrogen is incorporated into the cell or organism's metabolism.


acid-sensing ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a neuronal, voltage-insensitive channel that opens when an extracellular proton has been bound by the channel complex.


(R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reversible reaction: (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (R)-acetoin + NADH + H+.


interleukin-22 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-22 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


regulation of establishment of cell polarity regulating cell shape

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of cell polarity regulating cell shape.


response to carbohydrate

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus.


intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxia

The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to hypoxia (lowered oxygen tension). Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. The pathway ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides, to remove successive isomaltose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains.


Catalysis of the reaction: butein 4'-beta-D-glucoside + O2 = aureusidin 6-O-beta-glucoside + H2O + H+.


acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA.


RNA cap 4 binding

Binding to a hypermethylated cap structure consisting of 7-methylguanosine (m(7)G) followed by four methylated nucleotides (cap 4): 7-methylguanosine-ppp-N6, N6, 2'-O-trimethyladenosine-p-2'-O-methyladenosine-p-2'-O-methylcytosine-p-N3, 2'-O-dimethyluridine Such caps are known to be found at the 5' ends of SL RNAs of trypanosomatid protozoa.


lymphotoxin A production

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cytokine lymphotoxin A.


posterior neuropore closure

The joining together of the neural folds of the caudal opening of the neural tube. The posterior neuropore appears before the process of neural tube closure is complete.


positive regulation of lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphoid progenitor cell differentiation.


regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling

Any process that modulates I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling.


methylnaphthalene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylnaphthalene, an organic compound, C10H7CH3, obtained from coal tar.


ABC-type amino acid transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + amino acid(out/in) = ADP + phosphate + amino acid(in/out).


aurone metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving aurones, a series of plant flavonoids that provide a yellow colour to flowers. They have the basic skeletal structure of two benzene rings joined by a linear C3 chain (C6-C3-C6). Aurones exist mostly as 6-O-glucosides.


regulation of cell proliferation involved in embryonic placenta development

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cell proliferation involved in embryonic placenta development.


tuberculosinol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tuberculosinol (halima-5,6,dien-15-ol), a secondary metabolite in Mycobacteria.


response to host pH environment

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of the symbiont or its cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the pH conditions in or around its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of artery morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of artery morphogenesis.


regulation of mitochondrial depolarization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the change in the membrane potential of the mitochondria from negative to positive.


deoxyguanosine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyguanosine, a nucleoside consisting of the base guanine and the sugar deoxyribose.


spongiotrophoblast differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell of the ectoplacental cone acquires specialized features of a spongiotrophoblast of the placenta. A spongiotrophoblast cell is a basophilic cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NAD(P)+ = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NAD(P)H + H+.


regulation of mast cell activation involved in immune response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation as part of an immune response.


acylagmatine amidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-benzoylagmatine + H2O = agmatine + benzoate.


peptidyl-alanine modification

The modification of peptidyl-alanine.


negative regulation of cell volume

Any process that decreases cell volume.


cellular response to carbon monoxide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbon monoxide (CO) stimulus.


GUC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GUC codon.


dGDP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dGDP, deoxyguanosine diphosphate, (2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate).


asparagine catabolic process via 2-oxosuccinamate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, via the intermediate 2-oxosuccinamate.


ketone body catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ketone bodies, any one of the three substances: acetoacetate, D-3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) or acetone. Ketone bodies can be used as an energy source as an alternative to glucose. Utilization of ketone bodies in peripheral tissues involves conversion of acetoacetate to acetoacetyl-CoA, which is then converted to two molecules of acetyl-CoA.


positive regulation of developmental vegetative growth

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of developmental vegetative growth.


positive regulation of Frizzled Nuclear Import pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a Frizzled Nuclear Import pathway.


diacylglycerol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving diacylglycerol, a glyceride in which any two of the R groups (positions not specified) are acyl groups while the remaining R group can be either H or an alkyl group.


cell-cell adhesion involved in ameboidal cell migration

The attachment of one ameboid cell to another that contributes to the establishment of cell polarity that is part of the directed movement of one of the cells.


helvolic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of helvolic acid.


modulation by symbiont of entry into host

Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent to which it enters into the host organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction.


stalled replication fork localization to nuclear periphery

A cellular localization process where a DNA replication fork that has stalled is signaled to relocate and anchor to the nuclear periphery for the time necessary to complete recombination-dependent replication.


negative regulation of response to propan-1-ol

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to propan-1-ol.


L-xylose 1-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: aldehydo-L-xylose + NADP+ = L-xylono-1,4-lactone + H+ + NADPH.