limb morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a limb are generated and organized. A limb is a paired appendage of a tetrapod used for locomotion or grasping.


response to tamsulosin

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tamsulosin stimulus.


cocaine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cocaine, an alkaloid obtained from the dried leaves of the shrub Erythroxylon coca. It is a cerebral stimulant and narcotic.


absorption of visible light

The reception of a (visible light) photon by a cell, visible light being defined as having a wavelength within the range 380-780 nm.


regulation of synaptic signaling by nitric oxide

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic signaling by nitric oxide.


eosinophil migration

The movement of an eosinophil within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


auxin binding

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Binding to auxin, a plant hormone that regulates aspects of plant growth.


cellular macromolecule localization

Any process in which a macromolecule is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location at the level of a cell. Localization at the cellular level encompasses movement within the cell, from within the cell to the cell surface, or from one location to another at the surface of a cell.


stress fiber assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a stress fiber. A stress fiber is a contractile actin filament bundle that consists of short actin filaments with alternating polarity.


stereocilium maintenance

The organization process that preserves a stereocilium in a stable functional or structural state.


negative regulation of ascospore formation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ascospore formation, a process in which a sexual spore, named ascospore, from Ascomycete fungi was produced inside an ascus.


midbrain-hindbrain boundary maturation during neural plate development

A developmental process occurring before the brain has been specified along the neural axis that is required for the midbrain-hindbrain boundary to attain its fully functional state. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate.


adenosylcobinamide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: adenosylcobinamide + H2O = (R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol + adenosylcobyrate.


regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling in response to detection of lipopolysaccharide.


fraxetin biosynthesis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fraxetin.


RNA cytidine insertion

The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of a cytidine nucleotide.


steroid hormone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any steroid hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone.


regulation of cell killing

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell killing, the process in which a cell brings about the death of another cell, either in the same or a different organism.


antigen processing and presentation following receptor mediated endocytosis

Antigen processing and presentation which is initiated by uptake of antigen receptor-mediated endocytosis.


teichuronic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of teichuronic acid, a polymer containing chains of uronic acids and N-acetylglucosamine found in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria.


phasic smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within phasic smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. In the phasic smooth muscle, the muscle contraction occurs without an ordered sarcomeric structure. Phasic smooth muscle contraction occurs in a series of discrete contractions and relaxations.


tyrosine-arginine ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + L-tyrosine + ATP = L-tyrosyl-L-arginine + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3D-3,5/4-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione + H2O <=> 5-deoxy-D-glucuronate + H+.


regulation of tonic skeletal muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tonic skeletal muscle contraction.


mesonephric proximal tubule morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesonephric proximal tubule are generated and organized. The mesonephric proximal tubule extends from the capsule to the distal tubule.


negative regulation of ossification

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ossification, the formation of bone or of a bony substance or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance.


internal protein amino acid acetylation

The addition of an acetyl group to a non-terminal amino acid in a protein.


negative regulation of cell adhesion in ventricular zone

The process that results in the loss of attachments of a cell in the ventricular zone.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3',3'-c-di-AMP + H2O = 5'-O-phosphonoadenylyl-(3'-5')-adenosine + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: (2S,3R,4S)-4-hydroxy-L-isoleucine + NAD = (2S,3R)-2-amino-3-methyl-4-ketopentanoate + NADH + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxy-3-succinoylpyridine + H2O = succinic semialdehyde + 2,5-dihydroxypyridine.


regulation of ethanol catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ethanol catabolic process.


cellular response to glyoxal

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glyoxal stimulus.


mechanosensitive voltage-gated sodium channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel whose activity is modulated in response to mechanical stress. Response to mechanical stress and voltage gating together is different than the sum of individual responses. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


plasma lipoprotein particle clearance

The process in which a lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a fungal cell, the directed killing of a fungal cell by a neutrophil.


protein localization to meiotic spindle

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a meiotic spindle.


fructoselysine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fructoselysine.


negative regulation of lymphocyte anergy

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte anergy.


RNA cytidine-uridine insertion

The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of an cytidine-uridine dinucleotide.


establishment of synaptic vesicle localization

The directed movement of a synaptic vesicle or vesicles to a specific location.


positive regulation of cerebral blood circulation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cerebral blood circulation.


protocatechuate catabolic process, ortho-cleavage

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of protocatechuate, the anion of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, to yield beta-ketoadipate.


neuronal stem cell population maintenance

Any process in by an organism or tissue maintains a population of neuronal stem cells.


myosuppressin receptor activity

Combining with the peptide myosuppressin to initiate a change in cell activity.


Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate + H2O = 6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin + triphosphate + acetaldehyde + 2 H+.


platelet-derived growth factor beta-receptor activity

Combining with platelet-derived growth factor isoform PDGF-BB or PDGF-AB to initiate a change in cell activity.


urate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: urate + O2 + H2O = 5-hydroxyisourate + hydrogen peroxide.


negative regulation of R7 cell fate commitment

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of R7 cell fate commitment.


negative regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets.


positive regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alcohol biosynthetic process.


cloacal gland development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cloacal gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


metanephric glomerular mesangial cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the glomerular mesangial cells of the metanephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


monocyte antigen processing and presentation

The process in which a monocyte expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.


ABC-type nickel transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ni2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Ni2+(in).


parallel actin filament bundle assembly

Assembly of actin filament bundles in which the filaments are tightly packed (approximately 10-20 nm apart) and oriented with the same polarity.


negative regulation of cilium movement

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of cilium movement, the directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium.


transforming growth factor beta3 activation

The release of transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGF-beta3) from its latent state.


Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + S(2-) = CoA + thioacetate.


sorbose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sorbose, the ketohexose xylo-2-hexulose. Sorbose is produced commercially by fermentation and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of ascorbic acid.


positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand.


tRNA(Ile)-lysidine synthase activity

Catalysis of the ligation of lysine onto the cytidine residue present at the wobble position (usually position 34) of an AUA-specific isoleucine tRNA, to form the derivative lysidine. This modification converts both the codon specificity of tRNA(Ile) from AUG to AUA and its amino acid specificity from methionine to isoleucine.


transcription ternary complex disassembly

The disaggregation of a transcription ternary complex, composed of RNA polymerase, template DNA, and an RNA transcript, into its constituent components.


follicle cell microvillus organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microvillus on a follicle cell. A microvillus is a thin cylindrical membrane-covered projection on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments.


macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor activity

Combining with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) receptor ligand and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-tyrosine = ADP + a protein-L-tyrosine phosphate.


Mo(VI)-molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving Mo(VI)-molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide.


regulation of stomatal closure

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of stomatal closure. Stomatal closure is the process of closing of stomata, pores in the epidermis of leaves and stems bordered by two guard cells and serving in gas exchange.


homospermidine synthase (spermidine-specific) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: spermidine + putrescine = sym-homospermidine + propane-1,3-diamine.


3-deoxyoctulosonase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-deoxyoctulosonyl-lipopolysaccharide + H2O = 3-deoxyoctulosonic acid + lipopolysaccharide.


Catalysis of the reactions: a (3Z)-enoyl-CoA = a 4-saturated (2E)-enoyl-CoA or a (3E)-enoyl-CoA = a 4-saturated (2E)-enoyl-CoA.


Catalysis of the transfer of a beta-D-glucosyl residue from UDP-glucose to a glucosylhydroxymethylcytosine residue in DNA.


interleukin-6 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-6 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


Catalysis of the cyclization of part of a 1,4-alpha-D-glucan chain by formation of a 1,4-alpha-D-glucosidic bond.


negative regulation of maltotriulose transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of maltotriulose transport.


negative regulation of water channel activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of water channel activity.


protein-RNA complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a ribonucleoprotein complex.


Catalysis of the reaction: succinyl-CoA + lysine in peptide = CoA + N-succinyl-lysine-peptide.


morphogenesis of a branching structure

The process in which the anatomical structures of branches are generated and organized. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem. Examples in animals would include blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics and other endothelial or epithelial tubes.


clathrin coat assembly involved in endocytosis

The process that results in the assembly of clathrin triskelia into a clathrin cage during endocytosis. Clathrin is recruited to the plasma membrane via interaction with scaffolding proteins that bridge between clathtin and cell surface receptors. Clathrin coat formation is concomittant with coated pit formation leading to endocytic vesicle formation.


nitric oxide sensor activity

Binding to and responding, e.g. by conformational change, to changes in the cellular level of nitric oxide (NO).


CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation

The change in morphology and behavior of a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.


cochlear nucleus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cochlear nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


positive regulation of receptor recycling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of receptor recycling.


bilirubin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of bilirubin from one side of a membrane to the other. Bilirubin is a linear tetrapyrrole produced in the reticuloendothelial system from biliverdin and transported to the liver as a complex with serum albumin. In the liver, bilirubin is converted to bilirubin bisglucuronide, which is excreted in the bile.


positive regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of homotypic cell-cell adhesion.


GPI anchor biosynthetic process via N-threonyl-glycosylphosphatidylinositolethanolamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-threonyl ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a threonyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoic acid + L-glutamate + ATP <=> H+ + N-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-L-glutamate + AMP + diphosphoric acid.


nicotinate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of nicotinate from one side of a membrane to the other.


plasma lipoprotein particle disassembly

The disaggregation of a plasma lipoprotein particle into its constituent components.


'de novo' XMP biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of XMP, xanthosine monophosphate, from simpler precursors.


negative regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation.


lactose binding

Binding to lactose, a disaccharide of glucose and galactose, the carbohydrate of milk.


Catalysis of the reaction: (3R)-hydroxypalmitoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = 2-hexadecenoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O.


catechol-containing compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of catechol-containing compounds. Catechol is a compound containing a pyrocatechol nucleus or substituent.


Catalysis of the reaction: glucosyl-N-acetylglucosamine + H2O = glucosamine + N-acetylglucosamine.


ACP-dependent peptidyl-lysine N6-palmitoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: hexadecanoyl-[ACP] + L-lysyl-[protein] = H+ + holo-[ACP] + N(6)-hexadecanoyl-L-lysyl-[protein].


cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucocorticoid stimulus. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects.


mature B cell differentiation

The process in which transitional stage B cells acquire the specialized features of mature B cells in the spleen.


spermatid differentiation

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a spermatid over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


exopolyphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: polyphosphate(n) + H2O = polyphosphate(n-1) + phosphate.


L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-iditol + NAD+ = L-sorbose + NADH + H+.


mammary gland development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mammary gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. Its development starts with the formation of the mammary line and ends as the mature gland cycles between nursing and weaning stages.


negative regulation of Rho protein signal transduction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction.


Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + CO2 + [acyl-carrier protein].


T cell lineage commitment

The process in which a lymphoid progenitor cell becomes committed to becoming any type of T cell.


filtration diaphragm assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a filtration diaphragm, a specialized cell-cell junction found between the cells of the excretory system, which provides a barrier for filtration of blood or hemolymph.


purine-specific mismatch base pair DNA N-glycosylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of purines present in mismatches, especially opposite oxidized purines, by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the target damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases a free base and leaves an apurinic (AP) site.


modulation by symbiont of host ethylene-mediated defense response

Any process in which a symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis.


regulation of hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


trigeminal ganglion formation

The process that gives rise to the trigeminal ganglion. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


cardiac muscle cell proliferation

The expansion of a cardiac muscle cell population by cell division.


dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + NADP+ = uracil + NADPH + H+.


Wnt receptor catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a Wnt receptor. Internalized Wnt receptors can be recycled to the plasma membrane or sorted to lysosomes for protein degradation.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H+.


negative regulation of endodermal cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endodermal cell differentiation.


L-threonate 3-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-threonate + NAD+ = 3-dehydro-L-threonate + H+ + NADH.


ribose phosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar.


syn-pimara-7,15-diene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate = 9-beta-pimara-7,15-diene + diphosphate.


calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell-adhesion molecules

The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that do not require the presence of calcium for the interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dichlorobenzoate + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 3,4-dichlorobenzoate-cis-4,5-diol + an oxidized electron acceptor.


central nervous system vasculogenesis

The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes in the central nervous system. The capillary endothelial cells in the brain are specialized to form the blood-brain barrier.


B cell tolerance induction in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue

Tolerance induction taking place in the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) mediated by B cells.


mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptotic process

The change in the morphology of the mitochondria in an apoptotic cell from a highly branched network to a fragmented vesicular form.


positive regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any activin receptor signaling pathway.


regulation of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway.


endocardial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of an endocardial cell. An endocardial cell is a specialized endothelial cell that makes up the endocardium portion of the heart. The endocardium is the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.


regulation of proton transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of proton transport into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


response to methylglyoxal

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methylglyoxal stimulus. Methylglyoxal is a 2-oxoaldehyde derived from propanal.


regulation of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition.


ADP-dependent medium-chain-acyl-CoA hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a medium-chain acyl-CoA = a medium-chain carboxylate + CoA. Requires ADP.


homofuraneol oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: homofuraneol + NADP <=> (2E)-2-ethylidene-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone + NADPH + H+.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on hydrogen as donor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor.


tyrosine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.


receptor guanylyl cyclase signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses guanylyl cyclase activity, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


Golgi inheritance

The partitioning of Golgi apparatus between daughter cells at cell division.


cellular response to thyroid hormone stimulus

A change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a thyroid hormone stimulus.


chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 (CCL11, also known as eotaxin-1) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


ceramide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ceramides, any N-acylated sphingoid.


regulation of mesodermal cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesodermal cell differentiation.


negative regulation of amoeboid sperm motility

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of amoeboid sperm motility.


mast cell secretagogue receptor activity

Combining with basic secretagogues to initiate pseudo-allergic reactions in mast cells.


tocotrienol omega-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tocotrienol + O2 + NADPH + H+ = 13'-hydroxy-tocotrienol + NADP+ + H2O .


peptidyl-lysine modification

The modification of peptidyl-lysine.


microtubule organizing center organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a microtubule organizing center, a structure from which microtubules grow.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-N,N'-diacetylchitobiose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + N,N'-diacetylchitobiose(out) = protein histidine + N,N'-diacetylchitobiose phosphate(in).


hyaluranon cable assembly

A process that results in the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a hyaluranon cable, a cable structure, surrounding some cell types (e.g. proximal or bronchial tubular epithelial cells), and composed of hyaluranon (HA), a ubiquitous connective tissue glycosaminoglycan.


viral entry into host cell via pilus retraction and membrane fusion

The uptake of a virus into a host cell which occurs via retraction of the viral-bound pilus to bring the virus in contact with the host cell membrane, followed by fusion of the bacteriophage membrane with the host outer membrane.


11-oxo-beta-amyrin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 11-oxo-beta-amyrin.


ribonucleotide binding

Binding to a ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a ribonucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety.


structural constituent of nuclear pore

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the nuclear pore complex, a protein-lined channel in the nuclear envelope that allows the transfer of macromolecules.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + O-beta-D-xylosylprotein = UDP + 4-beta-D-galactosyl-O-beta-D-xylosylprotein.


Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA-(2-methylthio-N-6-isopentenyl adenosine) = tRNA-(2-methylthio-N-6-(cis-hydroxy)isopentenyl adenosine) + O2. 2-methylthio-N-6-isopentenyl adenosine is also known as ms2i6A; 2-methylthio-N-6-(cis-hydroxy)isopentenyl adenosine is also known as ms2io6A and 2-methylthio-cis-ribozeatin.


coenzyme F420-dependent 2,4,6-trinitrophenol hydride reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trinitrophenol hydride Meisenheimer complex + H- = trinitrophenol dihydride Meisenheimer complex (aci form). Coenzyme F420 supplies the hydride (H-) in the reaction.


regulation of ferroptosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ferroptosis.


positive regulation of signal transduction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction.


negative regulation of metanephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis.


histone demethylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from a histone.


establishment or maintenance of cytoskeleton polarity involved in gastrulation

Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized cytoskeletal structures that contribute to the cell polarity of a migrating ameboid cell taking part in gastrulation.


lipoprotein localization

Any process in which a lipoprotein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


pyrimidine dimer DNA N-glycosylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of pyrimidine dimers by removing the 5' pyrimidine of the dimer by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the 5' pyrimidine of the dimer and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases the 5' pyrimidine of the dimer and leaves an apurinic (AP) site. The reaction involves the formation of a covalent enzyme substrate intermediate. Release of the enzyme and free base by a beta-elimination or a beta, gamma-elimination mechanism results in the cleavage of the DNA backbone 3' of the apyrimidinic (AP) site.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chloro-L-alanine + thioglycolate = S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine + chloride + H+.


2'-deoxyadenosine deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyadenosine + H2O = deoxyinosine + NH3.


primitive hemopoiesis

A first transient wave of blood cell production that, in vertebrates, gives rise to erythrocytes (red blood cells) and myeloid cells.


Catalysis of the reaction: (E)-4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde oxime = (Z)-4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde oxime.


sensory perception

The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


D-valine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-valine.


secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of organic cations from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction.


neutral L-amino acid:sodium symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: neutral L-amino acid(out) + Na+(out) = neutral L-amino acid(in) + Na+(in).


antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-independent

The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex following intracellular transport via a TAP-independent ER pathway. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and becomes associated with the MHC class I molecule in the ER following transport from the cytosol via a TAP-independent pathway. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules.


adenylate cyclase-inhibiting opioid receptor signaling pathway

An adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by an opioid binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


positive regulation of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation.


Catalysis of the reaction: carboxymethoxysuccinate = fumarate + glycolate.


dihydrosphingosine-1-P pathway

A phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthetic process that proceeds via the enzymatic action of dihydrosphingosine phosphate lyase.


coronary vasculature morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of blood vessels of the heart are generated and organized. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood.


sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sinapaldehyde + NADPH + H+ = sinapyl-alcohol + NADP+.


development of symbiont in host

The progression of an organism from an initial condition to a later condition, occurring within the cells or tissues of the host organism. This may (but not necessarily) include a filamentous growth form, and also can include secretion of proteases and lipases to break down host tissue. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


amyloid-beta metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving amyloid-beta, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease, and its precursor, amyloid precursor protein (APP).


response to oscillatory fluid shear stress

Any response to fluid shear stress where the fluid is moving across a solid surface with an oscillatory flow. Disturbed flow patterns at the arterial bifurcations and curvatures may cause endothelial dysfunction, which initiates atherosclerosis.


hydroxyglutamate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-L-glutamate + H+ = 4-amino-3-hydroxybutanoate + CO2.


negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors.


regulation of endocardial cushion cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of an endocardial cushion cell.


serine-glyoxylate transaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + glyoxylate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + glycine.


Catalysis of the endolytic cleavage of beta-1,4-galactosaminic bonds between N-acetylgalactosamine and either D-glucuronic acid or L-iduronic acid to produce a mixture of Delta4-unsaturated oligosaccharides of different sizes that are ultimately degraded to Delta4-unsaturated tetra- and disaccharides.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + cycloartenol = (24R)-24-methylcycloart-25-en-3beta-ol + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


regulation of transport across blood-brain barrier

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transport across the blood-brain barrier.


temperature homeostasis

A homeostatic process in which an organism modulates its internal body temperature.


tryptophan 2-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + O2 = CO2 + H2O + indole-3-acetamide.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine-diphosphoundecaprenol + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimelyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine-diphosphoundecaprenyl-N-acetylglucosamine + UDP.


regulation of collagen metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the metabolism of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals.


nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage removal

The removal of the oligonucleotide that contains the DNA damage. The oligonucleotide is formed by dual incisions that flank the site of DNA damage.


erythrocyte aggregation

The adhesion of one erythrocyte to one or more other erythrocytes via adhesion molecules.


The process in which one relatively unspecialized immature cystocyte of the germ-line cyst in the germarium acquires the specialized features of an oocyte. An example of this process can be found in Drosophila melanogaster.


energy reserve metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from stored compounds such as fats or glycogen.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-O-caffeoyl-beta-D-glucose + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> 1-O-feruloyl-beta-D-glucose + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


presynapse organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a presynapse.


S-methyl-5-thioribose kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribose + ATP = S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


phytochelatin-metal complex formation

A phytochelatin metabolic process in which a metal is incorporated with phytochelatin to form a complex.


[4Fe-4S] cluster assembly

The incorporation of four iron atoms and four sulfur atoms into an iron-sulfur cluster.


Catalysis of the transfer of a galactose residue from a donor molecule, such as GDP-galactose or UDP-galactose, to an oligosaccharide, forming an alpha-(1->3) linkage.


tyrosine-based site-specific recombinase activity

Catalysis of the formation of new phosphodiester bonds between a pair of short, unique DNA target sequences; occurs through a phosphotyrosyl intermediate in which the target sequence is first cleaved by the nucleophilic attack by a tyrosine in the active site.


dTTP metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving dTTP, deoxyribosylthymine triphosphate.


diphthine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 2-(3-carboxy-3-aminopropyl)-L-histidine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2-(3-carboxy-3-(methylammonio)propyl)-L-histidine.


2,5-dioxopiperazine hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dioxopiperazine + H2O = glycylglycine.


8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine DNA N-glycosylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine bases by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the oxidized purine and the deoxyribose sugar.


cysteine lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-cysteine + sulfite = L-cysteate + sulfide.


Catalysis of the reaction: (2Z)-2-(acetamidomethylene)-3-(hydroxymethyl)succinate + 2 H2O + H+ = 2-(hydroxymethyl)-4-oxobutanoate + acetate + CO2 + NH4.


low-affinity phosphate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.


N-glycan processing to lysosome

The modification of high-mannose N-glycans by UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-lysosomal-enzyme N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase and the subsequent removal of the N-acetylglucosamine residues yielding mannose-6-P that occurs in the ER-Golgi apparatus to N-glycans destined for the lysosome.


malate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + NADP+ = oxaloacetate + NADPH + H+.


floral organ abscission

The controlled shedding of floral organs.


enucleation

The process in which nucleated precursor cells lose their nucleus.


Catalysis of the reaction: (6E)-8-hydroxygeraniol + NADP <=> (6E)-8-hydroxygeranial + NADPH + H+.


snRNA transcription

The synthesis of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) from a DNA template.


B-1a B cell differentiation

The process in which B cells acquire the specialized features of B-1a B cells. B-1a B cells are B-1 cells that express CD5 and arise from fetal liver precursors.


auditory receptor cell morphogenesis

Any process that alters the size or shape of an auditory receptor cell.


hypothalamus development

The progression of the hypothalamus region of the forebrain, from its initial formation to its mature state.


chrysobactin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the siderophore chrysobactin (alpha-N-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-D-lysyl-L-serine).


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxy-L-glutamate + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methylpropanoate + ATP = 2-methylpropanoyl phosphate + ADP + H+.


positive regulation of platelet aggregation in another organism

Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of platelet aggregation in another organism.


Catalysis of the transfer of a linoleoyl ((9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoyl) group from phosphatidylcholine to an oxygen atom on a cardiolipin molecule.


epithelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell, any of the cells making up an epithelium.


cellular response to curcumin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a curcumin stimulus.


iron-sulfur cluster carrier activity

Binding to an iron-sulfur cluster and delivering it to an acceptor molecule.


amylin receptor 3 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular amylin, or another ligand, combining with an amylin receptor 3 (AMY3), a G protein-coupled receptor complex, on the surface of the target cell. The AMY3 signaling pathway can also be initiated by the amyloid-beta complex. AMY3 signaling results in increased import of calcium ions into the cytosol across plasma membrane, increased phosphorylation of ERK1/2, Act, and a PKA regulatory subunit II, as well as increased expression of cFos.


epithelial cell proliferation involved in salivary gland morphogenesis

The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells of the submandibular salivary gland, resulting in the expansion of a cell population and the shaping of the gland.


isopimaradienol hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + isopimaradienol + NADPH + O2 <=> isopimaradiene-diol + NADP + H2O.


tartrate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tartrate.


regulation of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway.


primary alcohol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.


cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity

Cyclin-dependent catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.


paraxial mesoderm development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the paraxial mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The paraxial mesoderm is the mesoderm located bilaterally adjacent to the notochord and neural tube.


cell wall biogenesis

A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cell wall. Includes biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, such as proteins and polysaccharides, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the cellular component. A cell wall is the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis.


aldarate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of aldarate from one side of a membrane to the other.


virus tail fiber assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a virus tail fiber.


protein kinase C deactivation

Any process resulting in the inhibition or termination of the activity of protein kinase C.


acetyl-coenzyme A:acetyl alcohol acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzyl alcohol + acetyl-CoA = benzyl acetate + coenzyme A.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyldiphosphoundecaprenol + UDP-D-glucose = beta-D-glucosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyldiphosphoundecaprenol + UDP.


homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: homogentisate + O2 = 4-maleylacetoacetate + H+.


negative regulation of mast cell activation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation.


leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell

The attachment of a leukocyte to vascular endothelial cell via adhesion molecules.


poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid.


intussusceptive angiogenesis

The formation of new blood vessels as a result of the insertion and extension of lumenal tissue pillars.


levanase activity

Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of 2,6-beta-D-fructofuranosidic linkages in 2,6-beta-D-fructans (levans) containing more than 3 fructose units.


dITP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dITP, a deoxyinosine phosphate compound having a triphosphate group at the 5'-position.


phosphocreatine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphocreatine, a phosphagen of creatine which is synthesized and broken down by creatine phosphokinase.


sorocarp stalk morphogenesis

The process in which the sorocarp stalk is generated and organized. The sorocarp stalk is a tubular structure that consists of cellulose-covered cells stacked on top of each other and surrounded by an acellular stalk tube composed of cellulose and glycoprotein. An example of this process is found in Dictyostelium discoideum.


sperm mitochondrial sheath assembly

The assembly and organization of the sperm mitochondrial sheath, the tightly packed helical sheath of ATP-producing mitochondria restricted to the midpiece of the sperm flagellum.


positive regulation of vascular wound healing

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels and contribute to the series of events that restore integrity to damaged vasculature.


RNA localization to chromatin

A process in which RNA is transported to and maintained in a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin.


coagulation

The process in which a fluid solution, or part of it, changes into a solid or semisolid mass.


mating-type factor pheromone receptor activity

Combining with a mating-type factor pheromone to initiate a change in cell activity.


mesonephric interstitial fibroblast development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric interstitial fibroblast over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


methanol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving methanol, CH3-OH, a colorless, flammable, mobile, poisonous liquid, widely used as a solvent.


4-methoxybenzoate monooxygenase (O-demethylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methoxybenzoate + AH(2) + O2 = 4-hydroxybenzoate + A + formaldehyde + H2O.


regulation of lipoprotein particle clearance

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of lipoprotein particle clearance. Lipoprotein particle clearance is the process in which a lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


positive regulation of endothelial cell migration

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium.


ureter development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ureter over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ureter is a muscular tube that transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder or from the Malpighian tubule to the hindgut.


tRNA-derived regulatory ncRNA processing

A process leading to the generation of a functional small regulatory non-coding RNA derived from a tRNA.


protein localization to Cajal body

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a Cajal body.


membrane raft distribution

The process that establishes the spatial arrangement of membrane rafts within a cellular membrane.


negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching.


positive regulation of endocytic recycling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endocytic recycling.


nucleoside ribosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribosyl-base1 + base2 = D-ribosyl-base2 + base1.


regulation of cargo loading into COPII-coated vesicle

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cargo loading into COPII-coated vesicle.


Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-D-glycero-D-manno-heptose = ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose.


positive regulation of myeloid cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid cell differentiation.


arabinogalactan binding

Binding to arabinogalactan.


response to mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling.


amylin receptor signaling pathway

A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by amylin binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


mycolic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving mycolic acids, beta-hydroxy fatty acids with a long alpha-alkyl side chain.


regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor signaling pathway.


maintenance of Golgi location

Any process in which the Golgi is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


globoside biosynthetic process via lactosylceramide

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of globosides that begins with the formation of lactosylceramides, Gal-beta-(1->4)-Glc-beta-(1->1') ceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic C1 hydroxyl group of lactose by a ceramide group.


berbamunine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving berbamunine, an isoquinoline alkaloid.


planar cell polarity pathway involved in cardiac right atrium morphogenesis

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity that contributes to the shaping of the cardiac right atrium.


presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission

Any process, acting in the presynapse that results in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission.


pole cell fate determination

The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a pole cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.


detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain

The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


N-acetylgalactosamine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + N-acetyl-D-galactosamine = ADP + N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine 1-phosphate.


facial nerve development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the facial nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This sensory and motor nerve supplies the muscles of facial expression and the expression and taste at the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The principal branches are the superficial opthalmic, buccal, palatine and hyomandibular. The main trunk synapses within pterygopalatine ganglion in the parotid gland and this ganglion then gives off nerve branches which supply the lacrimal gland and the mucous secreting glands of the nasal and oral cavities.


methylamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving methylamine (CH3NH2).


detection of humidity stimulus involved in sensory perception

The series of events in which a humidity stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of the sensory perception of humidity.


septation initiation signaling

The series of molecular signals, mediated by the small GTPase Ras, that results in the initiation of contraction of the contractile ring, at the beginning of cytokinesis and cell division by septum formation. The pathway coordinates chromosome segregation with mitotic exit and cytokinesis.


glossopharyngeal nerve maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the glossopharyngeal nerve to attain its fully functional state. Various sensory and motor branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply nerve connections to the pharynx and back of the tongue. The branchial motor component contains motor fibers that innervate muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx, and the tympanic branch supplies parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion.


cell proliferation involved in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis

The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis.


dorsal/ventral pattern formation, imaginal disc

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis of the imaginal disc. Imaginal disks are masses of hypodermic cells, carried by the larvae of some insects after leaving the egg, from which masses the wings and legs of the adult are subsequently formed.


proximal convoluted tubule segment 1 cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into an S1 cell in the kidney.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-acetamido-4-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-D-glucose + H2O = N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + D-glucosamine.


morphine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving morphine, 17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5alpha-epoxymorphinan-3,6alpha-diol. Morphine is a highly potent opiate analgesic psychoactive drug obtained form the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum.


ent-cassadiene-C2-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ent-cassa-12,15-diene + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> 2alpha-hydroxy-ent-cassadiene + NADP + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: (1R,9R,10S,11R,12R,19R)-12-ethyl-10,11-dihydroxy-5-methoxy-10-(methoxycarbonyl)-8-methyl-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.0^{1,9}.0^{2,7}.0^{16,19}]nonadeca-2(7),3,5,13-tetraen-16-ium + acetyl-CoA = (1R,9R,10S,11R,12R,19R)-11-(acetyloxy)-12-ethyl-10-hydroxy-5-methoxy-10-(methoxycarbonyl)-8-methyl-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.0^{1,9}.0^{2,7}.0^{16,19}]nonadeca-2(7),3,5,13-tetraen-16-ium + CoA.


male germ-line cyst formation

Formation of a group of interconnected cells derived from a single male gonial founder cell.


positive regulation of microglia differentiation

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microglia differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a microglial cell.


N1-acetylspermine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-acetamidopropanal-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + N(1)-acetylspermine + O2 = 3-acetamidopropanal + H2O2 + spermidine.


initiator methionyl aminopeptidase activity

Catalysis of the release of N-terminal initiator methionine from peptides.


precorrin-2 dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + precorrin-2 = 2 H+ + NADH + sirohydrochlorin.


negative regulation of nerve growth factor receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor.


membrane protein proteolysis involved in retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol

Any membrane protein proteolysis that is involved in retrograde protein transport, ER to cytosol.


metanephric descending thin limb development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric descending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric descending thin limb is a part of the metanephric loop of Henle situated just after the proximal straight tubule (S3). It extends to the tip of the metanephric loop of Henle.


regulation of AV node cell action potential

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in an atrioventricular node myocyte. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.


negative regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of inner ear receptor cell differentiation.


negative regulation of meiotic cell cycle

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the meiotic cell cycle.


nerve growth factor processing

The generation of a mature nerve growth factor (NGF) by proteolysis of a precursor.


histone H4 ubiquitin ligase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of ubiquitin to a histone H4 substrate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-keto-5-aminohexanoate + acetyl-CoA = L-3-aminobutyryl-CoA + acetoacetate.


retinal ganglion cell axon guidance

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a retinal ganglion cell (RGC) is directed to its target in the brain in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


negative regulation of myoblast proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast proliferation.


cardiac fibroblast cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardiac fibroblast. A cardiac fibroblast is a connective tissue cell in the heart which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.


middle ear morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the middle ear are generated and organized. The middle ear is the air-filled cavity within the skull of vertebrates that lies between the outer ear and the inner ear. It is linked to the pharynx (and therefore to outside air) via the Eustachian tube and in mammals contains the three ear ossicles, which transmit auditory vibrations from the outer ear (via the tympanum) to the inner ear (via the oval window).


negative regulation of ectoderm development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ectoderm development.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 raffinose = sucrose + 1F-alpha-D-galactosylraffinose.


RNA modification guide activity

Specifies the site of a posttranscriptional modification in an RNA molecule by base pairing with a short sequence around the target residue.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine(2503) in 23S rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + rRNA containing C2-methyladenine(2503) in 23S rRNA.


dihydroxyfluorene dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a dihydroxyfluorene + O2 = the corresponding 2-hydroxy-4-(oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-inden-ylidene) but-2-enoic acid.


mismatch repair involved in maintenance of fidelity involved in DNA-dependent DNA replication

A mismatch repair process that corrects errors introduced that ensures the accuracy of DNA replication.


response to intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling.


movement of group I intron

Lateral transfer of a group I intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron; group I introns are self-splicing introns that use guanosine as a cofactor in the splicing reaction.


ergothioneine biosynthesis from histidine via hercynylcysteine sulfoxide synthase

A biosynthetic process that results in the formation of ergothioneine from histidine via a set of steps including the hercynylcysteine sulfoxide synthase reaction, which converts N-alpha,N-alpha,N-alpha-trimethyl-L-histidine directly to hercynylcysteine sulfoxide.


sinapate ester biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ester derivates of sinapate, (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate.


neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

The directed killing of a target cell by a neutrophil.


histone ubiquitination

The modification of histones by addition of ubiquitin groups.


peptidyl-arginine N5-methylation

The methylation of peptidyl-arginine on the internal nitrogen-5 (N5) atom (also called delta-nitrogen) to form peptidyl-N5-methyl-L-arginine.


cranial ganglion development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cranial ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


positive regulation of stem cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell differentiation.


D-ribose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-ribose, (ribo-pentose).


maintenance of shoot apical meristem identity

The process in which an organism retains a population of shoot apical meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate.


negative regulation of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ureter smooth muscle cell differentiation.


pteridine-containing compound biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any compound containing pteridine (pyrazino(2,3-dipyrimidine)), e.g. pteroic acid, xanthopterin and folic acid.


behavioral defense response

A behavioral response seeking to protect an organism from an a perceived external threat to that organism.


citrate catabolic process to diacetyl

The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of citrate to diacetyl, yielding energy in the form of ATP.


nephric duct formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a nephric duct. A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney.


branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis

The process in which the branching structure of the salivary gland is generated and organized.


gluconate 2-dehydrogenase (acceptor) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-gluconate + acceptor = 2-dehydro-D-gluconate + reduced acceptor.


presynaptic active zone disassembly

The disaggregation of a presynaptic active zone into its constituent components.


meristem determinacy

The process in which a meristem becomes determinate (i.e. ceases to produce lateral organs and may or may not terminally differentiate).


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxy-8-methylnaphthalene + O2 = 2-hydroxy-8-methylchromene-2-carboxylate + H+.


head kidney morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the head kidney are generated and organized. The head kidney is a pronephros that consists of fused bilateral lobes located in the anterior part of the kidney.


GABA receptor activity

Combining with gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) is an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms.


Catalysis of the reaction: trans-4-(2-(3-hydroxy)-thionaphthenyl)-2-oxo-3-butenoate + H2O = pyruvate + 3-hydroxy-2-formylbenzothiophene.


peptide cross-linking via 3-(3'-L-histidyl)-L-tyrosine

The modification of peptidyl-histidine and peptidyl-tyrosine to form a 3-(3'-L-histidyl)-L-tyrosine protein cross-link.


embryonic neurocranium morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the neurocranium are generated and organized during the embryonic phase. The neurocranium is the portion of the vertebrate skull surrounding the brain.


regulation of trichome patterning

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trichome patterning.


regulation of sporulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sporulation, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a spore over time, from its initiation to the mature structure.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + H+(out) = K+(in) + H+(in).


plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation involved in immune response

A change in the morphology or behavior of a plasmacytoid dendritic cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


stabilization of membrane potential

The accomplishment of a non-fluctuating membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.


detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of wind

The series of events involved in the perception of wind in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


negative regulation of Schwann cell proliferation

Any process that decreases the frequency or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system.


central nervous system neuron development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron whose cell body is located in the central nervous system, from initial commitment of the cell to a neuronal fate, to the fully functional differentiated neuron.


geraniol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geraniol + NADP+ = geranial + NADPH.


iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor.


protein localization to non-growing cell tip

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a non-growing cell tip.


left/right axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the left/right axis. The left/right axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and dorsal/ventral axes. Each side is defined from the viewpoint of the organism rather of the observer (as per anatomical axes).


glutamate catabolic process via 2-oxoglutarate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, via the intermediate 2-oxoglutarate.


pyrimidine dimer repair

The repair of UV-induced T-T, C-T and C-C dimers.


protein demethylation

The removal of a methyl group, from a protein amino acid. A methyl group is derived from methane by the removal of a hydrogen atom.


perturbation by symbiont of host microtubule cytoskeleton

The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host microtubule cytoskeleton. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation involved in immune response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cells as part of an immune response.


regulation of lung blood pressure

The process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the lungs. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure.


21-deoxycortisol binding

Binding to 21-deoxycortisol.


male pigmentation

Establishment of a pattern of pigment in males.


specification of plant organ axis polarity

The process in which the polarity of a plant organ axis is specified.


execution phase of necroptosis

A stage of the necroptotic process that starts after a necroptotic signal has been relayed to the execution machinery. Key steps of the execution phase are swelling of organelles, minor ultrastructural modifications of the nucleus (specifically, dilatation of the nuclear membrane and condensation of chromatin into small, irregular, circumscribed patches) and increased cell volume (oncosis), culminating in the disruption of the plasma membrane and subsequent loss of intracellular contents. The execution phase ends when the cell has died.


detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sound

The series of events involved in the perception of sound vibration in which the vibration is received and converted into a molecular signal.


primary meristem tissue development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary meristem over time, from formation to the mature structure, as it occurs during plant embryogenesis. The primary meristem tissue is the protoderm, ground meristem and procambium.


3-geranylgeranylindole NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (10,11-epoxidizing) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-geranylgeranylindole + O2 + NADPH + H+ = 10,11-epoxy-3-geranylgeranylindole + NADP + H2O.


detection of nodal flow

The series of events by which an endogenous stimulus is received by a cilium on a cell and converted to a molecular signal contributing to left/right asymmetry.


response to electrical stimulus involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electrical stimulus. This process occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


osmoregulated periplasmic glucan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of osmoregulated periplasmic glucan.


bacitracin A biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bacitracin A.


response to G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic cell cycle G1/S transition size control checkpoint signaling.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chloro-D-alanine + H2O = pyruvate + chloride + NH3.


cellular response to protozoan

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a protozoan.


negative regulation of kainate selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the kainate selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway.


methane monooxygenase NADH activity

Catalysis of the reaction: methane + NADH + H+ + O2 = methanol + NAD+ + H2O.


fatty-acyl-CoA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fatty-acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty-acyl group.


TRAIL-activated apoptotic signaling pathway

An extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway initiated by the binding of the ligand TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) to a death receptor on the cell surface.


alveolar primary septum development

The progression of a primary alveolar septum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A primary alveolar septum is a specialized epithelium that surrounds the saccule as it forms.


hypochord development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hypochord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hypochord is a transient rod-like structure in the embryos of fish, lampreys and amphibians that is located immediately ventral to the notochord. The hypochord may play a role in positioning the dorsal aorta.


behavioral fear response

An acute behavioral change resulting from a perceived external threat.


pore-forming activity

An activity in which a protein is inserted into the membrane of another cell where it forms transmembrane pores. Pores disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane, resulting in deregulated ion homeostasis, cellular dysfunction, and can result in cell death.


negative regulation of asymmetric cell division

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of asymmetric cell division.


L-rhamnose isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-rhamnose = L-rhamnulose.


4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase [NAD(P)H] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


muscle cell cellular homeostasis

The cellular homeostatic process that preserves a muscle cell in a stable functional or structural state.


aldehyde catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aldehydes, any organic compound with the formula R-CH=O.


phosphocreatine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphocreatine, a phosphagen of creatine present in high concentration in striated muscle which is synthesized and broken down by creatine phosphokinase to buffer ATP concentration. It acts as an immediate energy reserve for muscle.


maintenance of protein complex location

Any process in which a protein complex is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. These include sequestration, stabilization to prevent transport elsewhere and the active retrieval of protein complexes that move away.


positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell adhesion to an extracellular matrix.


5-carbamoylmethyl uridine residue modification

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the addition of a 5-carbamoylmethyl group to a uridine residue in RNA.


acetate ester metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving an acetate ester, any carboxylic ester where the carboxylic acid component is acetic acid.


dethiobiotin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-diaminononanoate + ATP + CO2 = ADP + dethiobiotin + 4 H+ + phosphate.


versiconal hemiacetal acetate esterase activity

Catalyzes the reactions: versiconal hemiacetal acetate + H2O <=> versiconal + acetate, as well as versiconol acetate + H2O <=> versiconol + acetate.


cell migration involved in endocardial cushion formation

The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the formation of an endocardial cushion. The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves.


arabinosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an arabinosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


vascular endothelial cell response to oscillatory fluid shear stress

Any response to oscillatory fluid shear stress that occurs in a vascular endothelial cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-benzylsuccinyl-CoA + 2 electron-transferring flavoprotein = (E)-2-benzylidenesuccinyl-CoA + 2 reduced electron-transferring flavoprotein.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving (Z)-nonadeca-1,14-diene.


high-affinity L-ornithine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-ornithine from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 16-alpha-hydroxygypsogenate = 16-alpha-hydroxygypsogenate-28-beta-D-glucoside + UDP.


equatorial microtubule organizing center assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an equatorial microtubule organizing center.


thylakoid membrane disassembly

The controlled breakdown of the thylakoid membrane in the context of a normal process.


extracellular polysaccharide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving polysaccharides used in extracellular structures.


alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an alcohol + NADP+ = an aldehyde + NADPH + H+.


1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the splitting and linkage of (1->3)-beta-D-glucan molecules, resulting in (1->3)-beta-D-glucan chain elongation.


protein polyufmylation

Covalent attachment of the ubiquitin-like protein UFM1 to a protein, forming an UFM1 chain.


Catalysis of the reaction: thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = sulfite + glutathione disulfide + sulfide.


signaling receptor complex adaptor activity

The binding activity of a molecule that provides a physical support for the assembly of a multiprotein receptor signaling complex.


negative regulation of sulfur utilization

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sulfur utilization.


negative regulation of compound eye photoreceptor development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor development.


rRNA base methylation

The addition of a methyl group to an atom in the nucleoside base portion of a nucleotide residue in an rRNA molecule.


torso signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to torso (a receptor tyrosine kinase) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


Catalysis of the reaction: isoscopoletin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> scoparone + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


positive regulation of myoblast proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast proliferation.


naringenin 3-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: naringenin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = dihydrokaempferol + succinate + CO2.


positive regulation of developmental growth

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of developmental growth.


gibberellin 20-oxidase activity

Catalysis of the oxidation of C-20 gibberellins to form the corresponding C-19 lactones.


homing of group II introns

Lateral transfer of a group II intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron; group II introns are self-splicing introns with a conserved secondary structure.


ethanolamine-containing compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol) and compounds derived from it.


interleukin-3 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-3 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


secretory granule maturation

Steps required to transform an immature secretory vesicle into a mature secretory vesicle. Typically proceeds through homotypic membrane fusion and membrane remodeling.


negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration.


endosome membrane tubulation

A membrane tubulation process occurring in an endosome membrane.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-O-(indol-3-ylacetyl)-beta-D-glucose + myo-inositol = 1L-1-O-(indol-3-yl)acetyl-myo-inositol + D-glucose.


magnetoreception by sensory perception of mechanical stimulus

The series of events required for an organism to receive a mechanical stimulus relating to a magnetic field, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. A magnetic field exerts a torque on a ferromagnetic material (e.g. magnetite) or on a material with diamagnetic anisotropy; organisms that can detect this torque can use it to determine the orientation of the magnetic field.


regulation of cell projection size

A process that modulates the size of a cell projection.


histone H2AK13 ubiquitin ligase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a ubiquitin molecule to histone 2A at the lysine-13 residue.


regulation of the force of heart contraction by chemical signal

The regulation of the force of heart muscle contraction mediated by chemical signaling, hormonal, autocrine or paracrine.


pituitary gland development

The progression of the pituitary gland over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands.


appressorium-mediated entry into host

Penetration by a symbiont into a host organism via an appressorium. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


metabotropic glycine receptor activity

Combining with glycine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by changing the activity of intracellular G protein signalling.


cellular response to high density lipoprotein particle stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a high density lipoprotein particle stimulus.


xylose binding

Binding to the D- or L-enantiomer of xylose.


mitral valve formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the mitral valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


regulation of inosine transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of inosine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


inductive mesenchymal to epithelial cell signaling

Signaling at short range from mesenchymal cells to cells of an epithelium that results in a developmental change in the epithelial cells.


negative regulation of sterol import

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sterol import.


exocrine pancreas development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the exocrine pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The exocrine pancreas produces and store zymogens of digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsinogen and trypsinogen in the acinar cells.


accessory nerve formation

The process that gives rise to the accessory nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve.


dextransucrase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sucrose + 1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) = D-fructose + 1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl(n+1).


pyridoxal phosphate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of pyridoxal phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyridoxal phosphate is pyridoxal phosphorylated at the hydroxymethyl group of C-5, and is the active form of vitamin B6.


regulation of hexasaccharide transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hexasaccharide transport.


glutamatergic neuron differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a glutamatergic neuron.


mono-ADP-D-ribose binding

Binding to monomeric ADP-D-ribose, an ADP-aldose having ribose as the aldose fragment.


establishment of ommatidial planar polarity

The specification of polarized ommatidia. Ommatidia occur in two chiral forms. The trapezoidal arrangement of photoreceptors in the dorsal part of the eye is the mirror image of that in the ventral part.


dorsal vessel heart proper cell fate commitment

The commitment of dorsal vessel cardioblast cells to a heart proper cell fate and their capacity to differentiate into heart cells. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: lysine(out) + H+(out) = lysine(in) + H+(in).


abscisic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving abscisic acid, 5-(1-hydroxy-2,6,6,trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-y1)-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid.


linolenate delta15 desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + a lipid linoleoyl group + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 2 H2O + a lipid alpha-linolenoyl group + an oxidized electron acceptor.


sebaceous gland placode formation

The developmental process in which a sebaceous gland placode forms. A sebaceous gland placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the sebaceous gland bud.


positive regulation of blood coagulation in another organism

Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation in another organism. Blood coagulation is the sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot.


regulation of integrin-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of integrin-mediated signaling pathway.


telomerase RNA localization

Any process in which telomerase RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


cytoplasm organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.


cell surface receptor signaling pathway involved in heart development

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand the binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, which contributes to the progression of the heart over time.


histone H3K9me2 methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysyl9-[histone H3] + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysyl9-[histone H3] + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. This reaction is the addition of a single methyl group to the dimethylated lysine residue at position 9 of histone H3, producing histone H3K9me3.


leucoplast fission

The creation of two or more leucoplasts by division of one leucoplast. A leucoplast is a colorless plastid involved in the synthesis of monoterpenes.


sulfate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of sulfate ions, SO4(2-), from one side of a membrane to the other.


response to retinoic acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a retinoic acid stimulus.


mesenchymal stem cell differentiation involved in nephron morphogenesis

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal stem cell that contributes to the shaping of a nephron. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells.


Catalysis of the reaction: myristoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = [acyl-carrier protein] + myristate.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by baroreceptor feedback

The neural regulation of blood pressure in which baroreceptors sense the amount of stretch occurring in vessels and respond to the input via central nervous system control.


cytidine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + cytidine = ADP + CMP.


alkanesulfonate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alkanesulfonates, the anion of alkanesulfonic acids, sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.


copal-8-ol diphosphate(3-) metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving copal-8-ol diphosphate(3-).


Catalysis of the reaction: phospholipid + 1,2-diacylglycerol = lysophospholipid + triacylglycerol.


modulation by host of viral molecular function

A process in which a host organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any molecular function being mediated by a virus with which it is infected.


positive regulation of leukocyte migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte migration.


cell differentiation in spinal cord

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the spinal cord. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


contractile vacuole localization

The directed movement of the contractile vacuole to a specific location.


prostaglandin H2 endoperoxidase reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H2 + NADPH + H+ -> prostaglandin F2alpha + NADP+. This reaction is the reduction of prostaglandin H2 ((5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,11alpha-Epidioxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate) to prostaglandin F2alpha ((5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,11alpha,15-Trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate).


vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: vitamin D3 + NADPH + H+ + O2 = calcidiol + NADP+ + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + L-serine = products of ATP breakdown + N-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-L-serine.


melibiose binding

Binding to melibiose.


flavone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavones, a class of pigmented plant compounds based on 2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (2-phenylchromone).


pectin binding

Binding to pectin.


positive regulation of glucose mediated signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose mediated signaling pathway.


protein to membrane docking

The initial attachment of a protein to a target membrane, mediated by a proteins protruding from the target membrane. Docking requires only that the proteins come close enough to interact and adhere.


arg-arg specific dibasic protein processing

Any protein processing achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond after two consecutive arginine amino acid residues within a protein.


D-serine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of D-serine from one side of a membrane to the other. D-serine is the D-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.


4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase [NADH] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + H+ + NADH + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + H2O + NAD+.


colon epithelial cell migration

The orderly movement of a colonic epithelial cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism.


diarylpropane peroxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol + H2O2 = 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde + 2 H2O.


Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4) linkages in (1->4)-beta-D-glucans.


fructose-6-phosphate binding

Binding to fructose 6-phosphate.


glutamate catabolic process to aspartate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including aspartate.


pancreatic stellate cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of pancreatic stellate cells, resulting in the expansion of a pancreatic stellate cell population. Pancreatic stellate cells are found in the periacinar space of the exocrine pancreas and in perivascular and periductal regions of the pancreas, and have long cytoplasmic processes that encircle the base of the acinus.


mushroom body development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mushroom body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mushroom body is composed of the prominent neuropil structures of the insect central brain, thought to be crucial for olfactory associated learning. These consist mainly of a bulbous calyx and tightly packaged arrays of thin parallel fibers of the Kenyon cells.


central canal development

The process whose specific outcome is the formation of the central canal of the spinal cord from its formation to the mature structure. The central canal is a spinal cord structure that is part of the ventricular system and is filled with cerebral-spinal fluid and runs the length of the spinal cord.


lipid droplet organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lipid particle.


negative regulation of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to chemical stimulus

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to chemical stimulus.


inositol tetrakisphosphate 3-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate = ADP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate.


carbohydrate localization

Any process in which a carbohydrate is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. Carbohydrates are any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.


sulfurated eukaryotic molybdenum cofactor(2-) biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sulfurated eukaryotic molybdenum cofactor(2-).


cellular response to aluminum ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aluminum ion stimulus.


induction of synaptic plasticity by chemical substance

The process in which a chemical substance activates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require.


DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator

A cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage.


positive regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell differentiation.


malonyl-malonyl acyl carrier protein-condensing enzyme activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + 2 a malonyl-[acp] <=> 2 carbon dioxide + an acetoacetyl-[acp] + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


keratin filament binding

Binding to a keratin filament, an intermediate filament composed of acidic and basic keratins (types I and II), typically expressed in epithelial cells.


positive regulation of progesterone secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of progesterone secretion.


Catalysis of the reaction: sphinganine 1-phosphate = phosphoethanolamine + palmitaldehyde.


endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition involved in heart valve formation

A transition where an endocardial cushion cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell that will contribute to the formation of a cardiac valve.


interferon-delta production

The appearance of interferon-delta due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


mannose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose.


5-oxovalerate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxovalerate + NADP+ + H2O = glutarate + NADPH + H+.


limit dextrinase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1,6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in alpha- and beta-limit dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen, and in amylopectin and pullulan.