cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(2''-O-(sinapoyl) xylosyl) 6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-[6''-O-(malonyl) glucoside] sinapoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(xylosyl)-6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-malonylglucoside + 1-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose <=> cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-(2''-O-(sinapoyl) xylosyl) 6'-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside] 5-O-[6''-O-(malonyl) glucoside + beta-D-glucose.


regulation of bone remodeling

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bone remodeling, the processes of bone formation and resorption that combine to maintain skeletal integrity.


fruit development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruit over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruit is a reproductive body of a seed plant.


leg disc anterior/posterior pattern formation

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the anterior/posterior axis of the leg imaginal disc.


regulation of artery smooth muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of artery smooth muscle contraction.


K antigen metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving K antigen, a capsular polysaccharide antigen carried on the surface of bacterial capsules that masks somatic (O) antigens.


The multiplication or reproduction of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Oligodendrocyte progenitors give rise to oligodendrocytes, which form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system.


socket cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a socket cell, a shoot epidermal cell that surrounds a trichome and provides its support.


negative regulation of action potential

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels.


fatty acid beta-oxidation

A fatty acid oxidation process that results in the complete oxidation of a long-chain fatty acid. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and occurs by successive cycles of reactions during each of which the fatty acid is shortened by a two-carbon fragment removed as acetyl coenzyme A; the cycle continues until only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively).


negative regulation of retina development in camera-type eye

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of retina development in camera-type eye.


lipoate synthase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: protein N6-(octanoyl)lysine + 2 sulfur + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = protein N6-(lipoyl)lysine + 2 L-methionine + 2 5'-deoxyadenosyl.


Catalysis of the reaction: reactive black 5 + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized reactive black 5 + 2 H2O.


positive regulation of cornification

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cornification.


establishment of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum

The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the endoplasmic reticulum.


negative regulation of ATP citrate synthase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ATP citrate synthase activity.


germ cell migration

The orderly movement of a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes through the embryo from its site of production to the place where the gonads will form.


response to unfolded protein

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by circulatory renin-angiotensin

The process in which angiotensinogen metabolites in the bloodstream modulate the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system. The process begins when renin is released and cleaves angiotensinogen.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,8-cineole + NADPH + H+ + O2 <=> 2-exo-hydroxy-1,8-cineole + NADP + H2O.


regulation of entry of bacterium into host cell

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of entry of bacterium into host cell.


gas vesicle organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a gas vesicle. A gas vesicle is a hollow structure made of protein, which usually has the form of a cylindrical tube closed by conical end caps.


3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA epimerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA = (R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA.


peptidyl-lysine deglutarylation

The removal of a glutaryl group (CO-CH2-CH2--CH2-CO) from a glutarylated lysine residue in a peptide or protein.


inhibitory postsynaptic potential

A process that causes a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential.


regulation of transmission of nerve impulse

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transmission of a nerve impulse, the sequential electrochemical polarization and depolarization that travels across the membrane of a neuron in response to stimulation.


positive regulation of toll-like receptor 13 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 13 signaling pathway.


regulation of icosanoid secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of an icosanoid from a cell.


regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of cardiac cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death.


regulation of mesodermal cell fate determination

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm cell fate determination.


Catalysis of the reaction: a long-chain-alcohol + acyl-CoA = a long-chain ester + CoA.


RNA nucleotide deletion

The modification of an RNA molecule by removal of a single nucleotide.


symbiont-mediated suppression of host MAPK signal transduction pathway

A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a MAPK signal transduction pathway in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-mannose + chitobiosyldiphosphodolichol = GDP + beta-D-mannosylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol.


branching involved in open tracheal system development

The process in which the anatomical structures of branches in the open tracheal system are generated and organized.


MCM complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MCM complex, a hexameric protein complex required for the initiation and regulation of DNA replication.


endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pre-emptive quality control

The response to endoplasimic reticulum stress in which nascent proteins are degraded by attenuation of their translocation into the ER followed by rerouting to the cytosol without cleavage of the signal peptide, and subsequent degradation by the proteasome.


gibberellin A44,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + gibberellin A44 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = gibberellin A98 + succinate + carbon dioxide.


threonine efflux transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of threonine from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.


snRNA modification

The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within snRNA, resulting in a change in the properties of the snRNA.


nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nitric-oxide synthase, an enzyme which catalyzes the reaction L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+.


positive regulation of transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


Catalysis of the reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-R = CMP + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->8)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-R.


long-term synaptic potentiation

A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the increase in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse.


positive regulation of appetite

Any process that increases appetite.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-arabitol + NADP+ = L-arabinose + NADPH + H+.


apoptotic nuclear changes

Alterations undergone by nuclei at the molecular and morphological level as part of the execution phase of apoptosis.


3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, an aromatic compound which is an intermediate in several metabolic pathways, including the biosynthesis of patulin, a toxin and antiviral agent produced by some moulds such as Penicillium patulinum.


2-phenylethyl 6-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside glucosidase (Yabukita) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phenylethyl 6-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O = 2-phenylethanol + 6-O-(beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranose.


Catalysis of the reaction: dehydroabietadienal + NADPH + O2 <=> dehydroabietic acid + NADP + H2O.


negative regulation of hemostasis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hemostasis.


A protein modification process in which a polypeptide is added to a nascent polypeptide cotranslationally by trans-translation.


ocellus pigmentation

The deposition or aggregation of coloring matter in an ocellus, a minute simple eye found in many invertebrates.


negative gravitropism

The orientation of plant parts away from gravity.


Hsp90 deacetylation

The modification of an Hsp90 protein by removal of acetyl groups.


co-transcriptional mRNA 3'-end processing, cleavage and polyadenylation pathway

Any process involved in transcription termination-coupled 3' processing of RNA polymerase II mRNA transcripts by the 3' end cleavage  and addition of a poly(A) tail. This pathway is required for the maturation of primary protein-encoding transcripts into functional mRNAs that can be exported from the nucleus and translated in the cytoplasm, but is also required for polyadenylation-dependent decay.


sensory perception of touch

The series of events required for an organism to receive a touch stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. The perception of touch in animals is mediated by mechanoreceptors in the skin and mucous membranes and is the sense by which contact with objects gives evidence as to certain of their qualities. Different types of touch can be perceived (for example, light, coarse, pressure and tickling) and the stimulus may be external or internal (e.g. the feeling of a full stomach).


naphthalene disulfonate 1,2-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (1/2)-unsubstituted naphthalenoid-(2/1)-sulfonate + 2 H+ + 2 e- + O2 = 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene derivative + HSO3(-). Substrates include naphthalene-1,6-disulfonate (forms 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonate), naphthalene-1-sulfonate (forms 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene), naphthalene-2,6-disulfonate (forms 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonate) and naphthalene-2-sulfonate (forms 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene).


negative regulation of proton-transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of proton-transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism.


maintenance of chromosome location

Any process in which a chromosome is maintained in a specific location within a cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


glycolytic process through glucose-1-phosphate

The chemical reactions and pathways through a glucose-1-phosphate intermediate that result in the catabolism of a carbohydrate into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP.


adenohypophysis formation

The process that gives rise to adenohypophysis. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The adenohypophysis is the anterior part of the pituitary. It secretes a variety of hormones and its function is regulated by the hypothalamus.


U3 snoRNA binding

Binding to a U3 small nucleolar RNA.


3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-2-nonulosonic acid hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (2-keto-3-deoxynononic acid)n + H2O = (2-keto-3-deoxynononic acid)n-1 + 2-keto-3-deoxynononic acid. This reaction is the hydrolysis of a 2-keto-3-deoxynononic acid residue from a poly-2-keto-3-deoxynononic acid chain.


granum assembly

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly of a granum. A granum is a distinct stack of lamellae seen within chloroplasts.


myeloid progenitor cell differentiation

The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a myeloid progenitor cell. Myeloid progenitor cells include progenitor cells for any of the myeloid lineages.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol + NADP+ = 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose + H+ + NADPH.


response to cisplatin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cisplatin stimulus.


Wnt signaling pathway involved in midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Entity biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any Wnt signaling pathway that is involved in midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation.


Catalysis of the reaction: eriodictyol + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> H+ + hesperetin(1-) + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


negative regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation in the thymus.


dCDP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dCDP, deoxycytidine 5'-diphosphate.


trophectodermal cellular morphogenesis

The morphogenesis of trophectoderm cells.


response to DNA replication checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of DNA replication checkpoint signaling.


tubulin-tyrosine carboxypeptidase

Catalysis of the reaction: C-terminal L-alpha-aminoacyl-L-glutamyl-L-glutamyl-L-tyrosyl-[tubulin] + H2O = C-terminal L-alpha-aminoacyl-L-glutamyl-L-glutamyl-[tubulin] + L-tyrosine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-amino-L-alanine + oxalyl-CoA = N(3)-oxalyl-L-2,3-diaminopropanoate + CoA.


negative regulation of white fat cell proliferation

Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of white fat cell proliferation.


arachidonate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + ATP + CoA = AMP + arachidonoyl-CoA + diphosphate + H+.


positive regulation of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid mediated signaling pathway.


The process of coupling asparagine to asparaginyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


neuromuscular junction development, skeletal muscle fiber

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a neuromuscular junction that targets a skeletal muscle fiber.


interferon-kappa production

The appearance of interferon-kappa due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


intestinal epithelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell of the intestine.


chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, any glycoprotein whose glycosaminoglycan units are chondroitin sulfate. Chondroitin sulfates are a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues; the repeat units consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate.


cell adhesion involved in dendrite retrograde extension

The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix that contributes to the process of retrograde extension of a dendrite.


response to cytokinin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokinin stimulus.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the alpha-(1->6) bonds of alpha-D-mannose residues in mannosyl-oligosaccharide.


mitotic prophase

The cell cycle phase which is the first stage of M phase of mitosis and during which chromosomes condense and the two daughter centrioles and their asters migrate toward the poles of the cell.


corticospinal neuron axon guidance through the medullary pyramid

The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a pyramidal cell that is part of the corticospinal tract is directed after exiting the basilar pons through the medullary pyramid in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


red or far-red light signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated upon sensing by photoreceptor molecules of red light or far red light. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs.


nitrite reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: nitrite + acceptor = product(s) of nitrate reduction + reduced acceptor.


negative regulation of lymphangiogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphangiogenesis.


regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis to fibroblast growth factor

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis to fibroblast growth factor.


actin phosphorylation

The transfer of one or more phosphate groups to an actin molecule.


perturbation of host receptor-mediated signal transduction

A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts a receptor-mediated signal transduction pathway in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


choline monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: choline + 2 reduced ferredoxin + O2 + 2 H+ = betaine aldehyde hydrate + 2 oxidized ferredoxin + H2O.


lincomycin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving lincomycin.


regulation of natural killer cell apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of natural killer cell death by apoptotic process.


regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction. Nitric oxide mediated signal transduction is The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of nitric oxide (NO).


response to cholecystokinin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholecystokinin stimulus.


mitochondrial respirasome assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of respiratory enzyme complexes of the mitochondrial inner membrane (including, for example, complex II, complex III, complex IV) to form a large supercomplex.


galactose catabolic process via D-galactonate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactose, via the intermediate D-galactonate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-carboxy-4'-sulfoazobenzene + 4 H+ + 4 e- = 4-aminobenzoate + 4-aminobenzenesulfonate.


putamen development

The progression of the putamen over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The putamen is the lens-shaped basal ganglion involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain.


cellular response to chemical stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus indicating the organism is under stress.


N-terminal peptidyl-alanine acetylation

The acetylation of the N-terminal alanine of proteins; catalyzed by peptide alpha-N-acetyltransferase or other enzymes of this class, such as ribosomal-protein-alanine N-acetyltransferase.


positive regulation of positive chemotaxis to cAMP by DIF-1

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of directed movement of a motile cell or organism up a concentration gradient of 3',5'-cAMP by the action of DIF-1. DIF-1 is a chlorinated alkylphenone.


secondary alcohol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving secondary alcohol.


negative regulation of cardiac ventricle development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac ventricle development.


posterior lateral line ganglion development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the posterior lateral line ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The posterior lateral line ganglion develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear.


extracellular matrix organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an extracellular matrix.


cardiac endothelial to mesenchymal transition

A transition where a cardiac endothelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. Endocardial cells (specialized endothelial cells that line the heart) undergo EndMT, and give rise to mesenchymal cells necessary for proper heart development. EndMT, specifically generates valve progenitor cells that give rise to the mitral and tricuspid valves. EndMT also contributes to endocardial cushion formation, as well as to generation of cardiac fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells, but not cardiac myocytes.


regulation of adaxial/abaxial pattern formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of adaxial/abaxial pattern formation.


envenomation resulting in modulation of voltage-gated sodium channel activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant change in the activity of a voltage-gated sodium channel in the bitten organism.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-sorbitol 6-phosphate + NAD+ = D-fructose 6-phosphate + NADH + H+.


COPI coating of Golgi vesicle, inter-Golgi cisterna

The addition of COPI proteins and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of inter-Golgi cisterna transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat.


negative regulation by host of symbiont catalytic activity

Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont enzyme activity. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


androgen biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of androgens, C19 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics.


pantothenate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.


Golgi vesicle docking

The initial attachment of a Golgi transport vesicle membrane to a target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the Golgi vesicle and the target membrane.


aspartate-ammonia ligase (ADP-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate + ATP + NH4 = L-asparagine + ADP + 2 H+ + phosphate.


artery vasodilation involved in baroreceptor response to increased systemic arterial blood pressure

An increase in the internal diameter of an artery, triggered by vasomotor suppression, during the chemoreceptor response to decreased blood pressure.


arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + an arylamine = CoA + an N-acetylarylamine.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing N7-methylguanine.


response to interleukin-32

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-32 stimulus.


p-xylene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving p-xylene, (1,4-dimethylbenzene) a colorless, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + dihydrogeranylgeranyl-PP + NADPH = tetrahydrogeranylgeranyl-PP + NADP.


T cell chemotaxis

The directed movement of a T cell in response to an external stimulus. A T cell is a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex.


positive regulation of establishment of blood-brain barrier

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the establishment of the blood-brain barrier, a selectively permeable structural and functional barrier that exists between the capillaries and the brain.


regulation of estrone secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of estrone secretion.


asexual spore wall assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an asexual spore wall, the specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore derived from an asexual process. Examples of this process are found in Bacterial and Fungal species.


Catalysis of the reaction: an alpha-D-man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-(alpha-D-Man-(1->6))-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc-diphosphodolichol + dolichyl D-mannosyl phosphate = H+ + alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-(alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-alpha-D-Man-(1->6))-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc-diphosphodolichol + dolichyl phosphate.


cellular component assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cellular component.


protein-lipid complex remodeling

The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a protein-lipid complex.


negative regulation of epithelium regeneration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelium regeneration.


interleukin-12 production

The appearance of interleukin-12 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, iron-sulfur protein as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces an iron-sulfur protein.


Catalysis of the reaction: malonyl-CoA + 3 H+ + a heptodecanoyl-[acp] = octadec-1-ene + 2 carbon dioxide + coenzyme A + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


positive regulation of cuticle pigmentation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in the cuticle of an organism.


sulochrin oxidase [(+)-bisdechlorogeodin-forming] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + 2 sulochrin = 2 (2S)-bisdechlorogeodin + 2 H2O.


paranodal junction maintenance

The maintenance of a paranodal junction, a highly specialized cell-cell junction found in vertebrates, which forms between a neuron and a glial cell, and has structural similarity to Drosophila septate junctions. A paranodal junction flanks the node of Ranvier in myelinated nerve, electrically isolates the myelinated from unmyelinated nerve segments, and physically separates the voltage-gated sodium channels at the node from the cluster of potassium channels underneath the myelin sheath.


response to diamide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diamide (N,N,N',N'-tetramethyldiazene-1,2-dicarboxamide) stimulus.


lipopolysaccharide localization to cell outer membrane

A process in which a lipopolysaccharide is transported to the cell outer membrane.


regulation of AMPA receptor activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of AMPA selective glutamate receptor activity.


lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye

The process in which the anatomical structures of the lens are generated and organized. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.


regulation of border follicle cell delamination

Any process that regulates the frequency, rate or extent of border cell delamination.


negative regulation of response to cycloalkane

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to cycloalkane.


negative regulation of mesonephric glomerular mesangial cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesonephric glomerular mesangial cell proliferation.


regulation of amniotic stem cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of amniotic stem cell differentiation.


negative regulation of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process.


creatine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + creatine = N-phosphocreatine + ADP + 2 H+.


phosphorylation-gated channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to phosphorylation of one of its constituent parts.


Catalysis of the reaction: neoagarohexaose + H2O <=> 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose + agaropentaose.


renal control of peripheral vascular resistance involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

The renal process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system, by impeding blood flow through the peripheral vasculature.


smooth muscle cell-matrix adhesion

The binding of a smooth muscle cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules.


histone H3K9 monomethyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl9-[histone H3] + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + N6-methyl-L-lysyl9-[histone H3] + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the unmethylated lysine residue at position 9 of histone H3, producing histone H3K9me.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-[(R)-4-phosphonatopantothenoyl]-L-cysteinate + H+ = CO2 + pantetheine 4'-phosphate.


norepinephrine binding

Binding to norepinephrine, (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol), a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine.


nuclear pore organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear pore.


negative regulation of retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide.


endocardium formation

Formation of the endocardium of the heart. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.


myocardial epithelial involution involved in heart jogging

The morphogenetic process in which the myocardium bends along a linear axis and contributes to the process of heart jogging.


roof plate formation

The formation of a single row of glia at the dorsal midline of the developing neural tube. This region provides inductive signals for the specification of neuronal cell types and of the specification of neural crest cells. The cells comprising the roof plate are the precursors to radial glial cells.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = diphosphate + (3S)-(+)-asterisca-2(9),6-diene.


cupula development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cupula over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cupula is secreted by mantle cells and the ciliary bundles of all of the hair cells of the neuromast are embedded in it. The cupula provides a mechanical linkage between the hair cells and the external hydrodynamic environment. The cupula of superficial neuromasts grows continuously, while the height of the cupula of canal neuromasts is limited by canal diameter.


dendrite development by retrograde extension

The progression of a dendrite over time by the attachment of a part of the neuron to an anchor and the subsequent migration of the cell body away from the anchor point.


primary alcohol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.


gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals generated by the binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms, to its receptor on the surface of a target cell.


hematopoietic stem cell migration to bone marrow

The orderly movement of a hematopoietic stem cell into the bone marrow, and its subsequent positioning within defined functional compartments in that microenvironment. A hematopoietic stem cell is a cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system.


negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte differentiation.


glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD+ = 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate + NADH + H+.


tubulin N-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + (alpha-tubulin) L-lysine = CoA + (alpha-tubulin) N6-acetyl-L-lysine.


response to continuous far red light stimulus by the high-irradiance response system

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the detection of a continuous far red light stimulus by the high-irradiance response system. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. The activity of the high-irradiance response system is characterized by stronger effects of continuous than pulsed light at equal total fluence.


Catalysis of the reaction: NADPH + H+ + quinone = NADP+ + semiquinone.


mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in renal system development

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesenchymal cells of the renal system as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


protein-containing complex organization

Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein complex.


positive regulation of acetylcholine biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of acetylcholine biosynthetic process.


heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + heparan sulfate = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + heparan sulfate 6-O-sulfate; results in 6-O-sulfation of glucosamine residues in heparan sulfate.


hydrogen peroxide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA.


gamma-aminobutyrate transaminase (glyoxylate dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid + 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion = 4-oxobutanoate + glycine.


circulatory system process

A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the circulatory system. The circulatory system is an organ system that moves extracellular fluids to and from tissue within a multicellular organism.


positive regulation of neurotransmitter transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a neurotransmitter into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


negative regulation of mannan catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mannan catabolic process.


miltiradiene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of miltiradiene.


histone H4K20 trimethyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl(20)-[histone H4] + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3 H+ + N(6),N(6),N(6)-trimethyl-L-lysyl(20)-[histone H4] + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. This reaction is the addition of three methyl groups to the lysine residue at position 20 of the histone H4 protein, producing histone H4K20me3.


Catalysis of the reaction:(4S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate = pyruvate + glyoxylate.


negative regulation of T-helper 17 cell extravasation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell extravasation.


tyrosine decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine = tyramine + CO2.


opine dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (2S)-2-[(R)-1-carboxyethylamino]pentanoate + H2O + NAD+ = L-2-aminopentanoate + H+ + NADH + pyruvate.


glycosinolate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosinolates, substituted thioglycosides found in rapeseed products and related cruciferae.


cellular detoxification of aldehyde

Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity of an aldehyde. These may include transport of aldehydes away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance.


male germline ring canal formation

Formation of the intercellular bridges that connect the germ-line cells of a male cyst.


imitative learning

Learning in which new behaviors are acquired through imitation.


peptidylamidoglycolate lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: peptidylamidoglycolate = peptidyl amide + glyoxylate.


cellular response to L-cysteine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-cysteine stimulus. L-cysteine is an optically active form of cysteine having L-configuration.


lithocholic acid receptor activity

Combining with lithocholic acid and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.


cuticle development

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cuticle, the outer layer of some animals and plants, which acts to prevent water loss.


non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction

The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the NIK-dependent processing and activation of NF-kappaB. Begins with activation of the NF-kappaB-inducing kinase (NIK), which in turn phosphorylates and activates IkappaB kinase alpha (IKKalpha). IKKalpha phosphorylates the NF-kappa B2 protein (p100) leading to p100 processing and release of an active NF-kappaB (p52). The non-canonical NF-kappaB signaling pathway is generally activated by ligands of the TNF receptor superfamily, including lymphotoxin beta (LTB), CD40, OX40, RANK, TWEAK and B cell-activating factor (BAFF).


uracil:monoatomic cation symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: uracil(out) + cation(out) = uracil(in) + cation(in).


granulocyte colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the cytokine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. G-CSF binds to the receptor (CSF3R).


SAGA complex binding

Binding to a SAGA complex.


negative regulation of terminal cell fate specification, open tracheal system

Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from adopting a terminal cell fate in an open tracheal system. Once the terminal and fusion fates have been correctly induced, inhibitory feedback loops prevent the remaining branch cells from assuming similar fates.


regulation of cytokinin dehydrogenase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytokinin dehydrogenase activity.


tRNA exon ligation utilizing ATP as source of linkage phosphate

A tRNA exon ligation process in which the splice junction phosphate is derived from exogenous ATP. This type of ligation to rejoin the 5' and 3' exons of a tRNA is observed in vertebrate species.


C-C motif chemokine 5 receptor activity

Combining with the C-C motif chemokine 5 (CCL5) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


cspyrone B1 metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cspyrone B1.


Catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + O2 = (5Z,8Z,10E,12R,14Z)-12-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoate.


positive regulation of short-term synaptic potentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of short-term synaptic potentiation.


establishment of plastid localization

The directed movement of a plastid to a specific location in the cell.


allatostatin receptor activity

Combining with allatostatin to initiate a change in cell activity.


B cell costimulation

The process of providing, via surface-bound receptor-ligand pairs, a second, antigen-independent, signal in addition to that provided by the B cell receptor to augment B cell activation.


peptidyl-phenylalanine modification

The modification of peptidyl-phenylalanine.


positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis. Cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis is the orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels contributing to the process of sprouting angiogenesis.


alpha-glucan catabolic process involved in ascospore release from ascus

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alpha-glucans in the ascus wall that contributes to the release of ascospores from the ascus.


positive regulation of cleistothecium development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cleistothecium development, a process that leads to the formation of a cleistothecium. The cleistothecium is a closed sexual fruiting body that contains ascospores in linear asci, characteristic of some filamentous Ascomycete fungi such as members of the genera Aspergillus and Emericella.


cis-zeatin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cis-zeatin, (2Z)-2-methyl-4-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)but-2-en-1-ol.


regulation of taurine biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of taurine biosynthesis.


ATPase-coupled polar amino acid-transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + polar amino acid(out) = ADP + phosphate + polar amino acid(in).


regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of relaxation of cardiac muscle.


RNA 5'-end processing

Any process involved in forming the mature 5' end of an RNA molecule.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4,4-dimethyl-3-oxopentanal + H2O = 4,4-dimethyl-3-oxopentanoate + 3 H+ + 2 e-.


zeaxanthin epoxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-zeaxanthin + 4 H+ + 2 O2 + 4 reduced [2Fe-2S]-[ferredoxin] = all-trans-violaxanthin + 2 H2O + 4 oxidized [2Fe-2S]-[ferredoxin].


negative regulation of neuronal action potential

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuronal action potential.


gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway, G-alpha-dependent

The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of gibberellic acid and dependent on the coupling of the alpha subunit of G proteins to the hormone receptors.


Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine + H2O = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine + L-aspartate + H+.


dCTP deaminase (dUMP-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dCTP + 2 H2O = diphosphate + dUMP + H+ + NH4.


IP-10 production

The appearance of IP-10 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


90S preribosome assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a 90S preribosome. The 90S preribosome represents the complex that forms on the primary rRNA transcript before it splits into the small subunit and large subunit portions.


The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-9 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


thymocyte apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a thymocyte, an immature T cell located in the thymus.


induction by symbiont of host defense response

The activation by an organism of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


negative regulation by host of viral process

A process in which a host organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a process being mediated by a virus with which it is infected.


Binding to phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 4' and 5' positions.


cellular response to nitrogen starvation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of nitrogen.


positive regulation of toll-like receptor 1 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 1 signaling pathway.


regulation of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase activity.


pyruvate, phosphate dikinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + phosphate + pyruvate = AMP + diphosphate + 2 H+ + phosphoenolpyruvate.


induction by symbiont of host systemic acquired resistance

Any process in which a symbiont activates systemic acquired resistance in the host organism; systemic acquired resistance is a salicylic acid-mediated response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


electron transporter, transferring electrons within cytochrome b6/f complex of photosystem II activity

Enables the directed movement of electrons within the cytochrome b6/f complex of photosystem II.


D-glutamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-glutamine, the D-enantiomer of the amino acid glutamine, i.e. (2R)-2,5-diamino-5-oxopentanoic acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamine + pyruvate = 2-oxoglutaramate + L-alanine.


positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction.


vascular associated smooth muscle cell fate determination

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a vascular smooth muscle cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. A vascular smooth muscle cell is a non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the blood vessels.


positive regulation of glycerol transport

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of glycerol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


peptide cross-linking via L-cysteinyl-L-selenocysteine

The formation of a selenide-sulfide bond to form the cystine-like L-cysteinyl-L-selenocysteine, as in vertebrate selenopeptide P.


T-helper 17 type immune response

An immune response which is associated with resistance to intracellular bacteria with a key role in inflammation and tissue injury. This immune response is associated with pathological autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis, arthritis and psoriasis which is typically orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines by T-helper 17 cells, most notably interleukin-17, IL-21 and IL-22.


Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + L-glutamate + ATP <=> H+ + N-benzoyl-L-glutamate + AMP + diphosphoric acid.


negative regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a mitochondrial membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any mitochondrial membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.


positive regulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization.


regulation of invasive growth in response to glucose limitation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of invasive growth in response to glucose limitation.


sphingolipid floppase activity

Catalysis of the movement of a sphingolipid from the cytosolic to the exoplasmic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP.


emericellamide A metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving emericellamide A.


negative regulation of integrin-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of integrin-mediated signaling pathway.


Catalysis of the reaction: homogentisic acid + farnesyl diphosphate = 2-methyl-6-farnesylplastoquinol.


organelle fission

The creation of two or more organelles by division of one organelle.


interleukin-30 production

The appearance of interleukin-30 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + kaempferol 3-O-glucoside <=> kaempferol 3,7-O-diglucoside + UDP.


sedoheptulokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + sedoheptulose = ADP + 2 H+ + sedoheptulose 7-phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + chlorophyllide b + (E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl diphosphate <=> chlorophyll b + diphosphoric acid.


protein palmitoleylation

The covalent attachment of a palmitoleyl group to a protein.


coenzyme B metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzyme B (7-mercaptoheptanoylthreonine phosphate), a coenzyme involved in the utilization of methane by methanogenic prokaryotes.


histone H2AR3 arginine deiminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + histone 2A L-arginyl (position 3)= histone 2A L-citrullyl (position 3) + NH4+, resulting in histone H2A citrullination at position 3.


positive regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of inner ear receptor cell differentiation.


negative regulation of cell proliferation in midbrain

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in midbrain.


negative regulation of dipeptide transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dipeptide transport.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + L-ascorbate + O2 = CO2 + dehydroascorbate + ethylene + 2 H2O + hydrogen cyanide. Ethene is also known as ethylene.


5.8S rRNA binding

Binding to 5.8S ribosomal RNA, a eukaryotic ribosomal RNA which forms a complex with 28S RNA.


RNA polymerase III preinitiation complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription from an RNA polymerase III promoter.


G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor activity

Combining with acetylcholine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-D-glucosylceramide + UDP-galactose = alpha-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1,4)-D-glucosylceramide + UDP.


L-serine ammonia-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine = pyruvate + NH3.


disruption by symbiont of host mitochondrion

The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of host cell mitochondria. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


zinc efflux active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a zinc ion or zinc ions from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane: Zn2+(out) = Zn2+(in). The activity is driven by proton motive force.


protein lysine deacetylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + N6-acetyl-L-lysyl-[protein] = acetate + L-lysyl-[protein].


negative regulation of hair cycle

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair.


regulation of exo-alpha-sialidase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exo-alpha-sialidase activity.


anandamide 8,9 epoxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamine + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = H+ + H2O + N-(8,9-epoxy-5Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatrienoyl)-ethanolamine + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase].


Catalysis of the reaction: N(6)-hydroxy-L-lysine + acetyl-CoA = N(6)-acetyl-N(6)-hydroxy-L-lysine + CoA.


branch fusion, open tracheal system

Fusing of specific tracheal branches in an open tracheal system to branches from neighboring hemisegments to form a continuous tracheal network. Branch fusion is mediated by individual cells at the tip of each branch, which contact a similar cell and undergo a coordinated series of morphogenetic events that create a bicellular fusion joint.


soladodine glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + solasodine <=> UDP + solasodine 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H+.


negative regulation of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis.


prenol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of prenols, isoprenoids of general formula (H-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n-OH, any primary monohydroxy alcohol whose carbon skeleton consists of two or more isoprenoid residues linked head to tail.


photoreceptor cell morphogenesis

The process in which the structures of a photoreceptor cell are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a photoreceptor cell, a sensory cell that reacts to the presence of light. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


citramalate CoA-transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + citramalate = acetate + (3S)-citramalyl-CoA.


response to hydroxyurea

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydroxyurea stimulus.


Catalysis of the transfer of glucuronate to the xylan backbone of glucuronoxylan molecule.


positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.


establishment or maintenance of cell polarity

Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns.


synaptic vesicle budding from presynaptic endocytic zone membrane

Evagination of the presynaptic membrane, resulting in the formation of a new synaptic vesicle.


pulmonary artery morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the pulmonary artery are generated and organized. The pulmonary artery is the artery that carries blood from the heart to the lungs.


cell morphogenesis

The developmental process in which the size or shape of a cell is generated and organized.


kievitone hydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: kievitone hydrate = H2O + H+ + kievitone.


negative regulation of maltotetraose transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of maltotetraose transport.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxypyrene + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 1-hydroxypyrene-7,8-oxide + H2O.


epiboly involved in wound healing

The expansion of one cell sheet over other cells involved in wound healing.


monosaccharide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monosaccharides, polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms.


alpha-amyrin 28-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-amyrin + NADPH(4-) + O2 + H+ <=> uvaol + NADP(3-) + H2O.


m-xylene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving m-xylene, (1,3-dimethylbenzene) a colorless, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.


regulation of calcitonin secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcitonin secretion.


T cell apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in a T cell, a type of lymphocyte whose defining characteristic is the expression of a T cell receptor complex.


GMP synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + XMP + NH4(+) = AMP + diphosphate + GMP + 2H+.


protein deglycation

The removal of a sugar or dicarbonyl from a glycated protein.


benzoin aldolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzoin = 2 benzaldehyde.


pronephros maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the pronephros to attain its fully functional state. In mammals, the pronephros is the first of the three embryonic kidneys to be established and exists only transiently. In lower vertebrates such as fish and amphibia, the pronephros is the fully functional embryonic kidney and is indispensable for larval life.


atrioventricular node cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an atrioventricular (AV) node cell over time, from its formation to the mature state.


regulation of definitive erythrocyte differentiation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of definitive erythrocyte differentiation. Definitive erythrocyte differentiation occurs as part of the process of definitive hemopoiesis.


regulation of lymphocyte migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte migration.


cellular response to cortisone stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cortisone stimulus. Cortisone is a natural glucocorticoid steroid hormone that is metabolically convertible to cortisol. Cortisone is synthesized from cholesterol in the cortex of the adrenal gland under the stimulation of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). The main physiological effect of cortisone is on carbohydrate metabolism; it can stimulate increased glucose release from the liver, increased liver glycogen synthesis, and decreased utilization of glucose by the tissues.


UGC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UGC codon.


ionotropic sweet taste receptor activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific soluble sweet compound has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


Catalysis of the reaction: didemethylisoproturon + H2O = carbamic acid + 4-isopropylaniline.


sulfur compound biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of compounds that contain sulfur, such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine or the tripeptide glutathione.


regulation of synapse structure or activity

Any process that modulates the physical form or the activity of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell).


positive regulation of mast cell differentiation

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of mast cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation.


wing disc proximal/distal pattern formation

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the proximal/distal axis of the wing disc, a precursor to the adult wing.


histone H4K8 acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H4 L-lysine (position 8) = CoA + histone H4 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 8).


macrophage inflammatory protein-1 gamma production

The appearance of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 gamma due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

Any epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway that is involved in heart process.


membrane depolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential

The process in which cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


regulation of B cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of B cell proliferation.


positive regulation of Hulle cell development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Hulle cell development, a process that leads to the formation of Hulle cells. Hulle cells are specialized multinucleate cells that originate from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development and serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium, or fruiting body.


specification of animal organ position

The regionalization process in which information that determines the correct position at which animal organ primordia are formed is generated and perceived resulting in correct positioning of the new animal organ.


negative regulation of positive chemotaxis to cAMP

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of directed movement of a motile cell or organism up a concentration gradient of 3',5'-cAMP.


aromatic amino acid family catabolic process to carboxylic acid via Ehrlich pathway

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce carboxylic acids with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. When an aromatic family amino acid, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan, is used as the substrate, 2-phenylethanoate, 4-hydroxyphenylethanoate, or 2-(Indol-3-yl)-ethanoate, respectively, is produced. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of carboxylic acids, sometimes collectively referred to as fusel acids. Depending on the redox state of the cells, alcohol derivatives may be produced instead of carboxylic acids.


telomeric repeat-containing RNA binding

Binding to long non-coding RNA molecules transcribed from subtelomeric regions in most eukaryotes. Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) molecules consist of subtelomeric-derived sequences and G-rich telomeric repeats.


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + orotidine 5'-phosphate = CO2 + UMP.


negative regulation of chitin-based cuticle tanning

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chitin-based cuticular tanning.


NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex, which is involved in electron transport from an unidentified electron donor, possibly NAD(P)H or ferredoxin(Fd) to the plastoquinone pool.


negative regulation of glial cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glia cell differentiation.


microtubule depolymerization

The removal of tubulin heterodimers from one or both ends of a microtubule.


HLA-B specific inhibitory MHC class I receptor activity

Combining with a MHC class I molecule of the HLA-B subclass to mediate signaling that inhibits activation of a lymphocyte.


myotube cell development

The process aimed at the progression of a myotube cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse.


IMP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of IMP, inosine monophosphate.


positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation.


campestanol hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + campestanol + O2 + NADPH <=> 6-deoxycathasterone + H2O + NADP.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + acetate. This reaction is the hydrolysis of an acetyl group from N-acetylglucosaminylinositol.


enterobactin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the directed movement of the siderochrome enterochelin, a cyclic trimer of 2, 3 dihydroxybenzoylserine from one side of a membrane to the other.


4-nitrobenzyl alcohol oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol + O2 <=> 4-nitrobenzaldehyde + hydrogen peroxide.


beta-amyrin 11-oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: beta-amyrin + 2 O2 + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ <=> 11-oxo-beta-amyrin + 3 H2O + 2 NADP.


ditrans, polycis-undecaprenyl-phosphate mannosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose = D-mannosyl undecaprenyl phosphate+ GDP.


artery smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the artery. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The artery is a vessel carrying blood away from the heart.


pyrimidine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a pyrimidine nucleotide, any compound consisting of a pyrimidine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


trigeminal ganglion structural organization

The process that contributes to creating the structural organization of the trigeminal ganglion This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure.


positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signal transduction.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + L-alanine = L-glutamate + pyruvate.


protein localization to myelin sheath abaxonal region

Any process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained in, the abaxonal region of the myelin sheath. The abaxonal region is the region of the myelin sheath furthest from the axon.


lipid-linked peptidoglycan transporter activity

Enables the directed movement of lipid-linked peptidoglycans into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,7-dimethylxanthine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> H+ + caffeine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


protein localization to cleavage furrow rim

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a cleavage furrow rim.


ascopyrone tautomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1,5-anhydro-4-deoxy-D-glycero-hex-3-en-2-ulose = 1,5-anhydro-4-deoxy-D-glycero-hex-1-en-3-ulose.


UUA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UUA codon.


negative regulation of ergot alkaloid biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ergot alkaloid biosynthetic process.


oocyte nucleus localization involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification

The directed movement of the nucleus to a specific location within a cell during the establishment and maintenance of the dorsal/ventral axis of the oocyte.


cellular response to cytokinin stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokinin stimulus.


regulation of glutamate uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of L-glutamate into a neuron or glial cell.


melanin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of melanins, pigments largely of animal origin. High molecular weight polymers of indole quinone, they are irregular polymeric structures and are divided into three groups: allomelanins in the plant kingdom and eumelanins and phaeomelanins in the animal kingdom.


outer ear morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the outer ear are generated and organized. The outer ear is the part of the ear external to the tympanum (eardrum). It consists of a tube (the external auditory meatus) that directs sound waves on to the tympanum, and may also include the external pinna, which extends beyond the skull.


negative regulation of cellular response to manganese ion

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to manganese ion.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + 4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate + O2 = carnitine + CO2 + succinate.


renal urate salt excretion

The elimination of urate salt or uric acid from peritubular capillaries (or surrounding hemolymph in invertebrates) into the renal tubules to be incorporated subsequently into the urine.


glycogen phosphorylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycogen + phosphate = maltodextrin + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate.


dUMP metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving dUMP, deoxyuridine (5'-)monophosphate (2'-deoxyuridine 5'-phosphate).


modulation by host of viral RNA genome replication

A process in which a host organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of viral RNA genome replication.


radial microtubular system formation

Formation of radial microtubular systems during male meiotic cytokinesis in plants.


asparagine biosynthetic process from cysteine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine from other compounds, including cysteine.


mesonephric macula densa development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephric macula densa over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephric macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule of the mesonephros that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus.


U4 snRNA binding

Binding to a U4 small nuclear RNA (U4 snRNA).


4-nitrotoluene monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + 4-nitrotoluene + NADH + O2 <=> 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol + NAD+ + H2O.


hepatocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a hepatocyte. A hepatocyte is specialized epithelial cell that is organized into interconnected plates called lobules, and is the main structural component of the liver.


cellular response to testosterone stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a testosterone stimulus.


propionate metabolic process, methylmalonyl pathway

The chemical reactions and pathways involving propionate that occur in the methylmalonyl pathway.


ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N2-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-arginine + H2O = L-arginine + ADP-ribose.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-N-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-protein + H2O = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine + peptide L-aspartate. This reaction is the hydrolysis of an N4-(acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)asparagine residue in which the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue may be further glycosylated, to yield a (substituted) N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine and the peptide containing an aspartic residue.


sorocarp development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sorocarp over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The process begins with the aggregation of individual cells and ends with the mature sorocarp. The sorocarp is a structure containing a spore-bearing sorus that sits on top of a stalk. An example of this process is found in Dictyostelium discoideum.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4 hydroquinone + O2 = 4 benzosemiquinone + 4 H2O.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on phosphorus or arsenic in donors

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a phosphorus- or arsenic-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


furaneol oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxy-2,5-dimethylfuran-3-one + NADP <=> 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-methylenefuran-3-one + NADPH + H+.


keratinocyte migration

The directed movement of a keratinocyte, epidermal cells which synthesize keratin, from one site to another.


NAD+ nucleotidase, cyclic ADP-ribose generating

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + H2O = nicotinamide + ADP-ribose that proceeds in a stepwise fashion by ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity followed by cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase activity.


colanic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of colanic acid, a capsular bacterial polysaccharide.


glycosphingolipid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosphingolipid, a compound with residues of sphingoid and at least one monosaccharide.


cell-cell signaling involved in cardiac conduction

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the heart process that regulates cardiac muscle contraction; beginning with the generation of an action potential in the sinoatrial node and ending with regulation of contraction of the myocardium.


Catalysis of the reaction: [citrate (pro-3S)-lyase](acetyl form) + H2O = [citrate (pro-3S)-lyase](thiol form) + acetate.


metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport.


cellular response to glucagon stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucagon stimulus.


positive regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell differentiation.


positive regulation of viral translation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral translation.


pancreatic PP cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pancreatic PP cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pancreatic polypeptide-producing cell is a cell in the pancreas that produces pancreatic polypeptide.


ATPase-coupled ion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other, driven by the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate.


protein-lipid complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and lipids to form a protein-lipid complex.


hypophysis formation

The process in which the anatomical structures of the hypophysis are generated and organized. The hypophysis is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands.


voltage-gated monoatomic anion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an anion by a voltage-gated channel. An anion is a negatively charged ion. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


macrophage migration inhibitory factor production

The appearance of macrophage migration inhibitory factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


regulation of cellobiose metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellobiose metabolic process.


sulfide oxidation, using sulfur dioxygenase

A sulfide oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by sulfur dioxygenase.


positive regulation of vesicle docking

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle docking.


alpha-1,3-glucan synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + [alpha-D-glucosyl-(1,3)]n = UDP + [alpha-D-glucosyl-(1,3)]n+1.


metanephric loop of Henle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric loop of Henle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric loop of Henle is a metanephric nephron tubule that connects the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule in the metanephros.


ventriculo bulbo valve morphogenesis

The process in which the structure of the ventriculo bulbo valve is generated and organized.


response to propan-1-ol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a propan-1-ol stimulus.


serine decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + L-serine <=> ethanolaminium(1+) + carbon dioxide.


rRNA 2'-O-methylation

The addition of a methyl group to the 2'-oxygen atom of a nucleotide residue in an rRNA molecule during ribosome biogenesis.


mitochondrial RNA processing

The conversion of a primary RNA molecule transcribed from a mitochondrial genome into one or more mature RNA molecules; occurs in the mitochondrion.


sensory perception of low humidity

The series of events required for an organism to detect low environmental humidity, convert this detection into a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


cellular response to biotin starvation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of biotin.


ligand-gated calcium channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ions by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


prolactin receptor activity

Combining with prolactin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


male analia development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the analia of the male over time, from formation to the mature structure. The analia is the posterior-most vertral appendage that develops from the genital disc. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


basophil chemotaxis

The movement of a basophil in response to an external stimulus.


ceramidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a ceramide = a sphingoid base + a fatty acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide = tetrahydrofolate + N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide.


NMDA selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to an NMDA-selective glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


protein-DNA-RNA complex organization

Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein-DNA-RNA complex.


positive regulation of haustorium mother cell formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont haustorium mother cell formation. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


5'-(N(7)-methylguanosine 5'-triphospho)-[mRNA] hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 5'-end (N7-methyl 5'-triphosphoguanosine)-ribonucleoside in mRNA + H2O = a 5'-end phospho-ribonucleoside in mRNA + N7-methyl-GDP + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrol + glucose = phenanthryl-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: carbohydrate(out) + H+(out) = carbohydrate(in) + H+(in).


auxin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of auxins, plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth.


negative regulation of aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of aortic smooth muscle cell differentiation.


otolith development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the otolith over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


negative regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen.


alkylhalidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: bromochloromethane + H2O = bromide + chloride + formaldehyde + 2 H+.


DNA demethylation

The removal of a methyl group from one or more nucleotides within an DNA molecule.


olfactory placode development

The progression of the olfactory placode over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory placode is a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity.


embryonic skeletal system morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the skeleton are generated and organized during the embryonic phase.


3-chloroallyl aldehyde dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chloroallyl aldehyde + H2O = 2 H+ + 2 e- + 3-chloroacrylic acid.


positive regulation of cell communication by electrical coupling

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via electrical coupling. Cell communication via electrical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


benzene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving benzene, C6H6, a volatile, very inflammable liquid, contained in the naphtha produced by the destructive distillation of coal, from which it is separated by fractional distillation.


photoreceptor cell axon guidance

The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of a photoreceptor cell axon growth cone to its target in the optic lobe in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


positive regulation of response to extracellular stimulus

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of a response to an extracellular stimulus.


multivesicular body-lysosome fusion

The organelle membrane fusion process in which the membrane of a multivesicular body fuses with a lysosome to create a hybrid organelle.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3alpha,7alpha,12beta-trihydroxy-5beta-cholanate + NADP+ = 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5beta-cholanate + H+ + NADPH.


protein localization to secretory granule

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule.


ganglioside GM1 binding

Binding to ganglioside GM1.


cyclohexanone monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexanone + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 6-hexanolide + NADP+ + H2O.


morphine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of morphine, 17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5alpha-epoxymorphinan-3,6alpha-diol. Morphine is a highly potent opiate analgesic psychoactive drug obtained form the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum.


regulation of leaf senescence

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leaf senescence.


fonsecin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving fonsecin.


NK T cell activation

The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature natural killer T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-alkyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + acetyl-CoA = 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + CoA.


uroporphyrinogen III metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving uroporphyrinogen III, a precursor for synthesis of vitamin B12, chlorophyll, and heme in organisms that produce these compounds.


1-18:1-2-16:0-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol acyl-lipid omega-6 desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-18:1-2-16:0-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 1-18:2-2-16:0-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


regulation of L-dopa biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of L-dopa biosynthetic process.


positive regulation of potassium ion import across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion import across the plasma membrane.


response to amino acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amino acid stimulus. An amino acid is a carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups.


succinate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of succinate, the dianion of ethane dicarboxylic acid, from one side of a membrane to the other.


mevaldate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-mevalonate + acceptor = mevaldate + reduced acceptor.


Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol + NADP+ + H2O.


cellular response to rotenone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a rotenone stimulus.


response to arsenite(3-)

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenite(3-) stimulus.


protein stabilization

Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation.


Catalysis of the reaction: kaempferol oxoanion + UDP-L-rhamnose <=> H+ + kaempferol-3-rhamnoside + UDP(3-).


disruption of anatomical structure in another organism

The disruption of an anatomical structure of another organism, leading to damage or temporary subversion of that structure.


puromycin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of puromycin, an aminonucleoside antibiotic that is a potent inhibitor of translation; produced by the bacterium Streptomyces alboniger.


ectodermal digestive tract morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the ectodermal digestive tract are generated and organized. The ectodermal digestive tract includes those portions of the digestive tract that are derived from ectoderm.


23S rRNA (adenine(2030)-N(6))-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine(2030) in 23S rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing N(6)-methyladenine(2030) in 23S rRNA.


positive regulation of locomotor rhythm

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of locomotor rhythm.


regulation of viral budding via host ESCRT complex

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of viral budding via host ESCRT complex.


regulation of response to type II interferon

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a response to type II interferon (interferon-gamma). Response to interferon gamma is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus.


olfactory nerve maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the olfactory nerve to attain its fully functional state. The olfactory nerve is a collection of sensory nerve rootlets that extend down from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory mucosa of the upper parts of the nasal cavity. This nerve conducts odor information to the brainstem.


response to amphetamine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amphetamine stimulus. Amphetamines consist of a group of compounds related to alpha-methylphenethylamine.


negative regulation of intestinal epithelial cell development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal epithelial cell development.


regulation of glucose mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucose mediated signaling pathway.


protein-phycourobilin linkage via phycourobilin-bis-L-cysteine

The linkage of the chromophore phycourobilin to phycoerythrins via phycourobilin-bis-L-cysteine.


negative regulation of motor neuron apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron apoptotic process.


pyrokinin receptor activity

Combining with a pyrokinin and transmitting the signal within the cell to induce a change in cell activity. Pyrokinins are a group of insect neuropeptides that share the common C-terminal pentapeptide sequence Phe-X-Pro-Arg-Leu-NH2 (X = S, T, K, A, or G). They play a central role in diverse physiological processes including stimulation of gut motility, production and release of sex pheromones, diapause, and pupariation.


Catalysis of the reaction: testosterone + donor-H2 + O2 = 16-alpha-hydroxytestosterone + H2O.


vindoline biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vindoline.


regulation of ribosomal subunit export from nucleus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal subunit export from nucleus.


2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated aromatic compound which is widely used as a herbicide, often as a weed killer for home lawns.


myo-inosose-2 dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,6/3,5-pentahydroxycyclohexanone = 3D-3,5/4-trihydroxycyclohexane-1,2-dione + H2O.


response to histamine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a histamine stimulus. Histamine, the biogenic amine 2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethanamine, is involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter.


response to cycloalkane

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cycloalkane stimulus. A cycloalkane is a cyclic saturated hydrocarbon having the general formula CnH2n.


mitotic anaphase B

The cell cycle phase during which the polar microtubules elongate and the two poles of the spindle move farther apart as part of mitosis.


axonemal microtubule depolymerization

The removal of tubulin heterodimers from one or both ends of an axonemal microtubule. An axonemal microtubule is a microtubule in the axoneme of a cilium or flagellum; an axoneme contains nine modified doublet microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules.


positive regulation of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway activity.


diolein transacylation activity

Catalysis of the reaction: diolein + mono-olein = triolein + glycerol. Mono-olein, also known as mono-oleoylglycerol, is the monoglyceride formed from oleic acid, 9-octodecenoic acid; diolein is also known as dioleoylglycerol, and triolein as trioleoylglycerol and olein.


notum morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the dorsal part of the body are generated and organized.


negative regulation of type 2 immune response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a type 2 immune response.


negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.


positive regulation of response to stimulus

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus.