UMLS:C0032804

The study investigates the relationship between quantitative sensory testing (QST) and pre-treatment pain, physical, and psychological characteristics in women with breast cancer. The study found that lower pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) were associated with higher levels of pain interference and maladaptive pain cognitions. The group with high sensitivity reported higher pain severities, interference, and catastrophizing and lower belief in internal locus of pain control than the low-sensitivity group. The study suggests that individualized interventions for maladaptive pain cognitions before surgery may reduce pain sensitivity and the severity of chronic pain developed after surgery.


EFO:0003843


UMLS:C0841855


MONDO:0041086

The study found that working-age adults with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and depression experience more pain interference with work, functional limitations, and lower mental health quality of life scores than those without depression. They also have higher annual healthcare expenditures and out-of-pocket spending, are more likely to be unemployed, and if employed, miss more work days annually, resulting in higher lost wages. The study emphasizes the need for effective management of depression in RA patients to improve their quality of life and reduce healthcare costs.


MONDO:0041086


UMLS:C1263853

The paper reviews the cognitive deficits associated with stroke, specifically executive dysfunction, which includes decision making, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. It discusses the cellular and molecular changes that occur after a stroke, focusing on changes in the catecholaminergic (dopaminergic and noradrenergic) and serotonergic systems. The paper also explores the relationship between stroke-induced deficits in executive function and secondary stroke-related behavioral deficits, such as poststroke depression and drug-abuse potential. Finally, it addresses pharmacological considerations for the treatment of ischemia and the subsequent functional impairment.


UMLS:C1263853


UMLS:C4748328

Stroke-induced deficits in executive function


UMLS:C4748328


UMLS:C0264695


UMLS:C0812167

The study explores the effects of mantra meditation (MM) and music listening (ML) on knee pain, function, and related outcomes in adults with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Twenty-two older adults with knee OA were divided into two groups, one practicing MM and the other ML, twice daily for 8 weeks. Both groups showed improvement in knee pain, function, and perceived OA severity, as well as mood, stress, and quality of life. However, the MM group showed greater improvements in overall mood and sleep, quality of life-mental health, kinesiophobia, and two domains of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS).


UMLS:C0026868


UMLS:C0812167


UMLS:C2242796

The paper discusses the use of mouse models to study pain in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), a genetic blood disorder. SCD is characterized by acute and chronic pain, with acute pain often resulting from vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) due to the blockage of capillaries by sickle red blood cells. Chronic pain is also common in SCD patients. Current treatment options, primarily opioids, are limited and come with numerous side effects. The study suggests that transgenic mice expressing human sickle hemoglobin could be used to investigate the mechanisms of pain in SCD and develop new targeted analgesic therapies.


UMLS:C0750151


UMLS:C2242796


MESH:D008822


UMLS:C0281163

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention (SERRE) for back pain in patients with a body mass index (BMI) over 35. The intervention involved showing patients their own MRI, explaining degenerative disc disease, relating it to weight issues, referencing other weight-related comorbidities, and encouraging a plan of action for weight loss. The results showed that 82% of patients were open to weight loss interventions after the SERRE intervention. However, only 22% followed up with a formal weight management program and only 9% documented weight loss. The lack of success was largely due to social issues and severe medical comorbidities.


UMLS:C0030705


UMLS:C1555740

The study explores the perceptions of emergency physicians in Ohio regarding the barriers and strategies for the state-wide opioid prescribing guideline. The main themes identified were increased organizational responsibility, improved prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) integration, concerns regarding patient satisfaction scores, and increased patient involvement. Some physicians wanted the guidelines to contain more clinical information and be worded more strongly against opioid prescribing. Physicians felt patient satisfaction scores negatively impacted opioid prescribing guidelines, as they may encourage physicians to prescribe opioids. This is compounded if the emergency physicians' income was linked to their patient satisfaction score. Physicians generally supported the guideline but felt hospitals needed to take additional organizational responsibility for addressing inappropriate opioid prescribing.


UMLS:C1555740


UMLS:C0019994

need to take additional responsibility for


UMLS:C5401237

The paper discusses the ongoing opioid epidemic in the United States and how the emergency department can play a crucial role in preventing overdose and relapse in individuals with opioid use disorder. The paper suggests that the administration of buprenorphine in the emergency department can lead to better treatment outcomes for these individuals.


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:644073


UBERON:0035017

The study investigates the role of nociceptors, sensory neurons in the DRG, in neuropathic pain caused by chemotherapy. The researchers used translating ribosome affinity purification to identify mRNA translation in Scn10a-positive nociceptors in chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CIPN) caused by paclitaxel treatment. They found that an underlying mechanism of CIPN is sustained mTORC1 activation driven by MNK1-eIF4E signaling. RagA, a GTPase controlling mTORC1 activity, is identified as a novel target of MNK1-eIF4E signaling. The study suggests that MNK1-eIF4E signaling drives CIPN and that a drug in human clinical trials, eFT508, may be a new therapeutic for neuropathic pain.


PR:000060148


UniProtKB:P94331


UMLS:C4086557


UMLS:C3824218

The study identifies dsDNA as a significant factor in major organ involvement, particularly kidney disease, in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Using a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) on an electronic health record (EHR) SLE cohort, the study compared comorbidities in SLE patients with and without autoantibodies. The results showed that dsDNA positive subjects were more likely to have nephritis and renal failure. In contrast, patients negative for dsDNA, RNP, SSA, and SSB were more likely to have billing codes for sleep, pain, and mood disorders.


UMLS:C2747927


UMLS:C0587782

Patients negative for dsDNA, RNP, SSA, and SSB


UMLS:C0587782


UMLS:C2242796

The study uses graph theory analysis of functional networks to understand the impact of Sickle cell disease (SCD) on the brain. The research involved 31 SCD patients and 16 healthy controls. The analysis showed that patients with higher pain severity due to SCD had lower clustering coefficients and local efficiency in their brain networks. The neural network of patients with more severe pain behaved like a random network. The study concludes that SCD affects the brain on a global level and that graph theory analysis can differentiate between patients with different levels of pain severity.


UMLS:C2367760

clustering coefficients and local efficiency


UMLS:C0870951


UMLS:C0556033

patients with different levels of pain severity


UBERON:0012114

The paper discusses the cognitive impairment observed in individuals with cocaine use disorder (CUD), with specific deficits in attention, episodic memory, working memory, and executive functioning. It highlights the importance of identifying moderating factors such as premorbid intellectual functioning, cocaine use patterns, polysubstance use, comorbid emotional symptoms, and sleep dysfunction that may contribute to these cognitive deficits. The paper suggests that understanding these factors can help modify behavioral interventions and augment treatment regimens with pharmacological interventions, potentially improving treatment outcomes. Currently, there are no FDA-approved medications for CUD, but some pharmacological treatments have shown promise in ameliorating cognitive dysfunction in CUD patients.


DOID:0080832


UMLS:C0871911


UMLS:C0004933


UMLS:C0013216


UMLS:C3853043

The study investigates the use of opioids among elderly Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with chronic pain conditions and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). The study found that there was no significant difference in opioid use by ADRD status in the unadjusted analysis. However, after controlling for various factors, those with ADRD had lower odds of opioid use. This suggests that elderly Medicare beneficiaries with ADRD and chronic pain conditions may have undertreatment of pain.


UMLS:C3853043


UMLS:C0566121

The study identifies two primary suicidal populations among those with substance use disorders (SUDs). The first group, largely composed of people with SUDs, exhibit a numb ambivalence about death due to chronic compulsive use and often exaggerate suicidality to receive prompt psychiatric care for their opiate use disorder (OUD). The second group includes those with co-morbid psychiatric disorders and/or chronic pain, who have a higher intent to die. The study suggests that easier access to outpatient opiate agonist treatment could avoid unnecessary hospitalizations for both groups, and could potentially treat suicidal ideation as a secondary benefit.


UMLS:C4715999


UMLS:C2939345

People with co-morbid psychiatric disorders and/or chronic pain


UMLS:C2711371


UMLS:C0279690


UMLS:C0215407

The study identifies a new signaling pathway that contributes to enhancing cancer cell invasion. The actin-binding protein cortactin, which is often overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and other cancers, facilitates the formation of branched actin networks through activation of the actin-related protein (Arp) 2/3 complex. This activation is responsible for increased migration and extracellular matrix degradation. The study found that casein kinase (CK) 2α phosphorylation of cortactin negatively regulates Arp2/3 binding. This phosphorylation impairs cortactin's ability to bind Arp2/3 and activate actin nucleation, leading to decreased invadopodia activity. The CK2α inhibitor Silmitasertib was found to inhibit HNSCC collective invasion in tumor spheroids and orthotopic tongue tumors in mice.


UniProtKB:S6B7A3


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:24748573

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) invasion


UMLS:C4540766

The study investigates the prevalence of Orofacial clefting (OFC), a common craniofacial malformation, in infants with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS), a condition resulting from in-utero narcotics exposure. The study found that the prevalence of OFC was higher in infants with NAS compared to the general population. Specifically, isolated cleft palate and isolated cleft lip were significantly more prevalent in NAS patients and were associated with in-utero opioid exposure.


UMLS:C0857808

Isolated cleft palate and isolated cleft lip


UMLS:C0242402


UMLS:C0203628

The study found that chronic morphine treatment decreases survival in control mice but not in sickle mice. Additionally, chronic morphine treatment leads to hyperalgesia in sickle mice but does not result in analgesic tolerance.


UMLS:C0203628


UBERON:0001323

The study analyzed 248 human tibial nerve transcriptomes to understand sex-dependent gene expression in the peripheral nervous system. It found 149 genes with sex differential gene expression. Many of the genes more abundant in men are associated with inflammation and are primarily expressed by glia or immune cells. In women, the differentially expressed transcription factor SP4 was found, which may impact sex differences in peripheral nervous system physiology. Many of these genes have some association with chronic pain. The study also identified a subset of these genes in diseases associated with chronic pain: arthritis and Type II diabetes.


UMLS:C0017337


PR:000015442


MONDO:0009904

hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, hypocalciuria, metabolic alkalosis

The paper discusses Gitelman syndrome, a rare inherited renal disorder characterized by hypomagnesemia, hypokalemia, hypocalciuria, and metabolic alkalosis. This syndrome is linked to the genes encoding the thiazide sensitive NaCl cotransporter (NCCT) located on the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney. The syndrome usually presents in late childhood or early adulthood with electrolyte abnormalities resembling chronic thiazide diuretic use. The paper also mentions acquired Gitelman syndrome, which is even rarer and is mostly associated with Sjogren's syndrome.


MONDO:0009904

Thiazide sensitive NaCl cotransporter (NCCT)


MONDO:0009904


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:5288826

The study found that chronic morphine treatment in sickle transgenic mice (NY1DD) led to a significant increase in neovascularizing retinopathy, a complication of sickle cell disease (SCD). The mechanism involves morphine's interaction with its μ opioid receptor (MOR) on retinal endothelial cells (RECs), leading to increased production of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 (IL-6). This results in increased expression of MOR and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) on RECs, and the activation of JAK/STAT3-dependent REC proliferation and angiogenesis. The findings suggest that chronic opioid exposure might enhance the risk for retinopathy in SCD patients, highlighting the need for opioid alternatives for pain control in SCD.


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:5288826


UMLS:C4505268


UMLS:C2984481

JAK/STAT3-dependent REC proliferation and angiogenesis


UMLS:C2135337


UMLS:C3519337

The study aimed to determine if the absence of hip precautions improved early recovery after total hip arthroplasty via the posterolateral approach. Patients were divided into two groups: standard hip precautions (SHP) and no hip precautions (NHP). The only difference in outcome scores between the two groups was at 2 weeks, with the NHP group having a lower HOOS Jr score. There was no difference in outcome scores at any other time points when compared to preoperative assessments. There was also no significant difference in the rate of dislocation between the two groups.


UMLS:C2113027


UMLS:C0205832

The Merkel cell-neurite complex, a touch receptor in both hairy and glabrous skin, has been found to mediate touch transduction via the Piezo2 channel. Recent studies have suggested that this complex may also play a role in the development of itch and pain sensations, particularly in conditions of dry skin and aging.


UMLS:C0205832


UniProtKB:A0A0B0P2P5


UniProtKB:A0A0S7IQR6

The study investigates the role of Regulator of G protein Signaling-12 (RGS12) in the regulation of kappa opioid receptor (KOR)-dependent signaling and behavior. The findings suggest that RGS12 simultaneously attenuates G protein signaling and augments β-arrestin signaling downstream of KOR. The study also found that RGS12-null mice exhibit increased dopamine transporter-mediated dopamine uptake in the ventral striatum and reduced psychostimulant-induced hyperlocomotion. These phenotypes are reversed following KOR antagonism. The study concludes that RGS12 is a novel, differential regulator of both G protein-dependent and -independent signaling downstream of KOR activation.


UniProtKB:A0A0S7IQR6


UMLS:C1515161


UMLS:C1393582

The study aimed to determine if states with high opioid-induced deaths have more continuing education (CE) requirements related to opioid use/pain management than states with fewer opioid-induced deaths. The study found that states with higher opioid-induced deaths were more likely to have dental boards requiring opioid use/pain management CE. However, this pattern was not observed with the medical boards' requirements. The study suggests a need for policies to increase education in substance use disorders to reduce the number of drug-induced deaths.


UMLS:C0179364


UMLS:C0972401


UMLS:C0242456


UMLS:C0079379

The study investigates the association between osteoarthritis (OA), pain interference (PI), and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) in older adults in the United States. The findings suggest that adults with PI, regardless of whether they have OA or not, have significantly higher odds of ADRD compared to those without OA or PI.


UMLS:C0079379


UMLS:C0079379

Alzheimer's disease and Related Dementias (ADRD)


UMLS:C5680921

The study examined the long-term use of prescription opioids among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS), compared to patients with hypertension (HTN). The study found that patients with rheumatic diseases have higher rates of long-term opioid prescriptions, with patients with AS having the highest risk of receiving opioid prescriptions compared to patients with HTN.


UMLS:C3161378


UMLS:C4040544

The study conducted whole exome sequencing on an extended family, including a patient with Crohn's disease (CD) and a patient with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), both of whom experienced resolution of their diseases after treatment for paratuberculosis. The research aimed to identify any unusual mutation that could explain the family's susceptibility to mycobacterial infection. The study found rare single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) shared among the affected family members, including variants in two genes, IL15RA and CASP10, which are involved in the immune response. The CD and CRPS patients also had heterozygous mutations in MBL2 and DDX58, mutations associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis. These findings suggest a complementary role of infection and genetics in these diseases.


UMLS:C0811737


UMLS:C5416225


UBERON:0035017

The study investigates the differences between nociceptors (pain sensors) in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in mice. The research used translating ribosome affinity purification to compare mRNA translation in these nociceptors. The findings suggest that there are differences in the utilization of key signaling pathways between TG and DRG nociceptors. Specifically, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)-related genes have higher translational efficiency in the TG, while genes associated with the negative regulator of mTOR, AMP-activated protein kinase, have higher translational efficiency in DRG nociceptors. The study also found that behavioral responses to a sensitizing stimulus were greater in the TG region and could be reversed with mTOR inhibition. These findings could have implications for the development of chronic pain following injury.


UBERON:0035017


NCBIGene:112020158


NCBIGene:75865197

Genes associated with AMP-activated protein kinase


UMLS:C1321146


UMLS:C0201783


UMLS:C5160939

The study investigates the relationship between maternal stress, measured through hair cortisol levels, and the severity of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) in infants born to mothers with opioid use disorder. The results showed that higher maternal hair cortisol levels were associated with shorter hospital stays and fewer treatment days for the infants. However, these results were not statistically significant after adjusting for maternal opioid and smoking.


UMLS:C0032804


UMLS:C5160939


UMLS:C1519383


UMLS:C0920381

The paper discusses a rare case of Salmonella neck abscess in an 18-year-old diabetic male. The patient was admitted with left-sided neck pain and swelling, which was later identified as a neck abscess caused by non-typhoid Salmonella species. The abscess was treated with surgical drainage and intravenous antibiotics, and the patient showed good clinical progress. The paper suggests considering Salmonella infection in the differential diagnosis of patients with immunocompromising conditions presenting with neck abscess of unclear etiology.


UMLS:C0702176


UMLS:C0030705


UMLS:C0030705

should be considered in the differential diagnosis


UMLS:C3262146

The study aimed to identify high-risk areas for nonfatal opioid overdose using EMS run data. The data was collected from southwestern Pennsylvania from 2007 to 2018. Cases were identified as EMS responses where naloxone was administered and the patient showed improvement. The study found no significant difference in probable nonfatal overdose EMS runs across the study area compared to all-cause EMS runs. However, significant local clustering of probable nonfatal overdose EMS runs was identified. The results highlight the importance of EMS data in detecting community-level overdose activity.


UMLS:C0572061


UMLS:C3262146


UMLS:C3850088

The study found that the formation of Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which release DNA into the extracellular space, promotes pancreatic cancer proliferation and metastasis. Mice deficient in the enzyme PADI4, which mediates NET formation, showed decreased pancreatic tumor growth and improved survival. DNA from neutrophils activates pancreatic stellate cells, promoting tumor proliferation. DNase treatment and deletion of the RAGE receptor in pancreatic stellate cells can reverse these effects. The study also found a correlation between circulating neutrophil-derived DNA and the stage of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in patients, suggesting a role for NETs in human pancreatic cancer.


MESH:D004259


NCBIGene:4280


UMLS:C0001098


UMLS:C1258031


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:126961754

The study examined the association of opioid use and pain interference with activities (PIA) with healthcare resource utilization (HRU), costs, and wage loss in adults with osteoarthritis in the United States. The results showed that moderate/severe PIA and/or opioid use were associated with significantly higher HRU, costs, and wage loss. Opioid users with moderate/severe PIA were more likely to have hospitalizations, specialist visits, and emergency room visits. The study suggests a need for alternative pain management strategies.


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:126961754


UMLS:C4237229


MONDO:0005178


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:6445230

The study investigates the use of Nalfurafine, a kappa opioid receptor (KOR)-targeting agonist, as an adjuvant to morphine, a mu opioid receptor (MOR)-targeting analgesic. The findings suggest that Nalfurafine enhances the analgesic effect of morphine while reducing its reward effect, thus potentially reducing the risk of abuse. Unlike traditional KOR-targeting agonists, Nalfurafine does not induce significant side effects such as psychotomimesis, depression, anxiety, and dysphoria.


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:6445230


UMLS:C3894719

The study investigates the impact of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress on the IL-6 family of cytokines in astrocytes and macrophages. ER stress, caused by the accumulation of misfolded proteins, triggers an inflammatory response involving interleukin (IL)-6. The study found that ER stress regulates the mRNA expression of the IL-6 family of cytokines in astrocytes, partly mediated by PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) and Janus kinase (JAK) 1. In astrocytes, CNTF expression was suppressed through a PERK-dependent mechanism. Macrophages, however, displayed a different profile of expression of the IL-6 family, largely independent of PERK but dependent on JAK signaling.


UMLS:C3894719


UniProtKB:Q26704


UMLS:C0920381

The paper presents a case study of a 25-year-old male with opioid and cocaine use disorder. Despite undergoing medication-assisted treatment (MAT) and psychosocial interventions, the subject continued to misuse substances. The study investigated the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a noninvasive neuromodulation method, on the subject's cravings. The rTMS sessions targeted the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and resulted in a significant reduction in the subject's cravings for heroin and cocaine. The findings suggest that rTMS could be a promising augmentation strategy for treating opioid use disorder and polysubstance use.


UMLS:C0872259


UMLS:C0030705

The study examined the relationship between patient-reported satisfaction and regret and clinical outcomes in surgical patients. It found that patients who experienced postoperative complications and pain were less likely to be highly satisfied or have no regret. The study suggests that focused postsurgical pain management could significantly improve patient experiences.


UMLS:C0030705


UMLS:C0747141


UMLS:C0679771

The study investigates the concurrent use of alcohol and opioids among harm reduction clients, primarily in southern Ohio and northern Kentucky. The data was collected from regional overdose prevention programs and a mobile syringe services program. The study found that 47% of the clients did not use alcohol and opioids concurrently, 20.1% reported concurrent use of alcohol and either heroin or prescription opioids, and 33.4% reported concurrent use of alcohol, heroin, and prescription opioids in the past 3 months. The study suggests that clients with concurrent alcohol and opioid use may require enhanced overdose prevention services.


UMLS:C0679771


UMLS:C0920381

The paper presents a case of a 70-year-old man who underwent repair of an ear avulsion injury. A continuous technique using a catheter for a greater auricular nerve (GAN) block was performed preoperatively, followed by general anesthesia. No opioids were used during or after the surgery. The GAN catheter was kept in place for 3 days, providing near-complete pain relief. This is the first reported case of a continuous GAN technique for surgery and postoperative pain.


UMLS:C0394694


UMLS:C0002915


UMLS:C0242402


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:5284596

The study investigates the factors associated with the prescription of naloxone, a medication used to counteract opioid overdoses, to patients who are also prescribed opioids. The study found that patients who were prescribed high dosages of opioids, those who were also prescribed benzodiazepines, and those diagnosed with opioid use disorder were more likely to be co-prescribed naloxone. However, a history of opioid overdose was not associated with naloxone prescription. Despite an increase in naloxone prescriptions, less than 2% of patients with key overdose risk factors were prescribed naloxone by the end of the study period.


UMLS:C0684309

The paper presents a framework, the 3P-Disease Model, for understanding the role of biological, psychological, and socio-environmental constructs in disease development, maintenance, and treatment. The 3P model, which stands for predisposing, precipitating, and perpetuating factors, was originally used in the treatment of insomnia. The paper outlines how this model can be adapted and applied to a variety of health-related diseases or disorders including chronic pain, gastrointestinal disorders, oral disease, and heart disease.


UMLS:C0684309


PR:000001065

Summary not provided or could not be parsed.


PR:000001065


UMLS:C1325847


GTOPDB:2098


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:155746208

The study presents the design of a new series of antagonists for the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8 channel (TRPM8), which have been found to have over 10-fold selectivity versus related TRP subtypes. The antagonist, Spiro[4.5]decan-8-yl analogue 14, was found to inhibit icilin-evoked Ca2+ entry in HEK-293 cells and menthol-evoked currents. The antagonist also blocked icilin-triggered shaking behaviors in mice and inhibited cold allodynia evoked by the chemotherapy oxaliplatin in a murine model of peripheral neuropathy. These findings suggest that these antagonists could be used as therapeutic agents for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) and other sensory neuropathies.


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:155746208


UMLS:C2936568

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN)


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:126961754

The study analyzed data from adults with osteoarthritis (OA) in the US to understand the long-term effects of opioid use on pain interference with activities (PIA) and daily function. The study found that persistent opioid users had higher odds of severe/extreme PIA and moderate PIA. Additionally, persistent opioid users were more likely to report physical and work limitations. These findings suggest that persistent opioid use for pain in patients with OA is associated with poorer PIA and functional outcomes, highlighting the need for alternative analgesic approaches.


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:126961754


UMLS:C0412784


NCBIGene:880792

The study evaluated the impact of the FDA's codeine black box warning on the rates of codeine or alternative opioid prescription fills within 14 days post dental procedure in pediatric patients. The results showed a decrease in opioid prescription filling after pediatric dental procedures between 2011 and 2016 among Medicaid beneficiaries. There was a significant immediate reduction in codeine prescription filling after the FDA's codeine black box warning for tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy.


UMLS:C0011331


UMLS:C4042781

caused immediate drop in prescription filling


UMLS:C2183184

Extractions with/without concurrent restorative procedures

significant decrease in prescription filling


NCBIGene:3565884

The study investigates the outcomes of patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) who undergo spine surgery. The most common substance of abuse was opioids. The most common reasons for surgery were infection, trauma, and myelopathy. The study found that patients with SUDs are at an increased risk of complications and inadequate follow-up. The average length of hospital stay was 22 days. A significant number of patients continued to abuse drugs postoperatively. The study suggests further research to determine if additional perioperative education, psychiatry consultations, or prescription of opioid addiction treatment regimens will improve drug use cessation and outcomes.


NCBIGene:3565884


UMLS:C0742216


UMLS:C4716222

The study investigates the impact of racial discordance in pain care, specifically the treatment decisions made by white providers for black patients. The findings suggest that white providers with higher levels of intergroup anxiety reported lower comfort levels in treating black patients, which influenced their treatment decisions. These providers were more likely to recommend opioid and pain specialty treatments and less likely to recommend nonopioid analgesics. The study suggests that intergroup anxiety and discomfort can influence clinical decision-making processes, contributing to racial disparities in chronic pain care.


UMLS:C4716222


UMLS:C0004112

The paper discusses the role of astrocytes, a type of cell in the central nervous system (CNS), in synaptic development and function. Astrocytes interact with synapses to regulate various CNS processes, including the formation and maintenance of the blood-brain barrier, axon growth, and synaptic diversity. The paper reviews several key astrocyte signaling factors involved in synapse formation and maintenance. It also explores how these factors are affected by and contribute to substance abuse, particularly alcohol and cocaine use.


UMLS:C0004112


UMLS:C0751981


MONDO:0002491


UMLS:C0043127

experienced the highest mortality rates from

The study explores the trends and geographic variations in mortality rates from prescription opioids from 1999 to 2016. The data shows that counties in West Virginia had the highest overall mortality rates in the United States from prescription opioids. The rates increased approximately 3.6-fold between 1999 and 2004 and 2010 and 2016. In Florida, there were no "hot spots" from 1999 to 2004, but they appeared from 2006 to 2010 and disappeared from 2011 to 2016. The study suggests that understanding these divergent patterns may have important clinical and policy implications.


UMLS:C0016253

had no 'hot spots' of mortality rates from


UMLS:C0935576

decreased filling rate and amount dispensed

The study assessed the impact of Ohio's opioid prescribing guidelines on opioid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) prescription filling and health care utilization for pain among children with sickle cell disease (SCD). The study found that there was a temporary but significant decrease in the opioid filling rate and in the amount of opioids dispensed after the 2013 guideline. However, there was a temporary but significant increase in the opioid filling rate and in the amount of opioids dispensed after the 2016 guideline. The NSAID filling rate did not significantly change after any of the guidelines. Acute health care utilization rates for pain after the 2016 guideline were similar to those before the 2013 guideline.


UMLS:C0935576

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)

did not significantly change filling rate


UMLS:C0935576


MESH:D008821

The study found that exposure to dim light at night can lead to increased sensitivity to cold and touch (cold hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia) in male mice. This is potentially due to increased neuroinflammation and dysregulation of the endogenous opioid system, as indicated by upregulated interleukin-6 and nerve growth factor mRNA expression in the medulla and elevated μ-opioid receptor mRNA expression in the periaqueductal gray region of the brain.


UMLS:C5544441


HP:0033429


MESH:D008821

Interleukin-6 and nerve growth factor mRNA expression


MESH:D008821


UMLS:C0032804

The study investigates the association between opioid prescription during pregnancy and new persistent opioid use post-delivery. The study included women aged 12-55 years who were opioid naive during pregnancy and did not undergo any procedure within a year after delivery. The study found that 6.0% of the women filled an opioid prescription during pregnancy. Factors associated with filling an opioid prescription during pregnancy included having a non-delivery procedure during pregnancy and having an emergency room visit during pregnancy. Of the women who received an opioid prescription during pregnancy, 4% developed new persistent opioid use. The study concludes that women who receive an opioid prescription during pregnancy are more likely to experience new persistent opioid use.


UMLS:C1411103


UMLS:C2985334


UMLS:C5447170


UMLS:C0374764


UMLS:C3274639

Neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS)

The study discusses the rise in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) in the United States due to the opioid crisis. The paper highlights that many pregnant women with opioid use disorder (OUD) do not receive treatment due to limited access and socioeconomic factors. The study also suggests that genetic and epigenetic factors may contribute to NOWS, but more research is needed. The paper emphasizes the need for more studies on the long-term effects of NOWS on cognitive function and childhood development, as well as the need for more accessible specialized OUD treatment for pregnant women, especially in rural areas.


UMLS:C0033011


UMLS:C3274639


UMLS:C0857808


UMLS:C0041703


UMLS:C0001588

The study investigates the treatment and healthcare received by adolescents with opioid use disorder (OUD) in Ohio. It was found that only a small percentage (4.6%) of adolescents received medication for OUD within three months of diagnosis. Older adolescents were more likely to receive medication for OUD than younger ones. A large proportion of adolescents with OUD had subsequent visits in outpatient settings, but few received medications to treat OUD.


UMLS:C0001588


UMLS:C1719723

The paper reviews recent developments in understanding the transition from acute to chronic pain, which affects up to a third of the population. The study focuses on the mechanisms of cellular plasticity that drive chronic pain, the evidence of sex differential mechanisms in chronic pain, and the impact of next-generation sequencing technologies on this research area.


UMLS:C4042875


UMLS:C0457994


UMLS:C3688065


UMLS:C0197292

The study investigates a nonexcisional repair technique for Slipped Rib Syndrome (SRS), a painful disorder caused by abnormal mobility of the 8th-10th false ribs. The technique was tested on 42 adults, with 29 undergoing the repair. The results showed significant relief from SRS, with a median postoperative improvement in pain at 1 and 6 months of 75% and 80% respectively. The use of pain medications also decreased significantly postoperatively. The study concludes that minimally invasive slipped rib repair provides a significant relief of SRS and is a useful alternative to costal cartilage excision.


UMLS:C3163693


UMLS:C0197292


UMLS:C0197292

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug medications


MONDO:0008143

The study found that osteoarthritis (OA) and related pain may increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) in elderly individuals. The study used data from 16,934 adults aged 65 and above who were free of ADRD at the start of the study. The results showed that those with OA were more likely to be diagnosed with ADRD, and this likelihood increased if the individuals also experienced pain related to OA. The study also found that mood disorders could partially mediate this relationship, but sleep disorders did not have a significant effect.


EFO:0003843


UMLS:C0086640


UMLS:C0008062

Chronic physical and mental diseases/disorders

The paper discusses the underreported issue of child sexual abuse in the United States and its long-term physical and mental consequences, including the development of chronic diseases and disorders, substance abuse, and suicide. The paper emphasizes the importance of trauma-informed screening, assessment, and documentation, as well as the provision of resources such as sexually transmitted infection prophylaxis, emergency contraception, safety interventions, and community resources. It also highlights the need for medical providers to be aware of the response process in their facility, community, and state for victims of sexual abuse.


UMLS:C0008062


UMLS:C5444471


UMLS:C5444471

Sexually transmitted infection prophylaxis


EFO:0003843

The paper reviews the mechanisms of pain in Sickle cell disease (SCD), a genetic disorder characterized by hemolysis, end-organ damage, inflammation, and pain. The disease is unique due to its recurrent and unpredictable episodes of acute pain due to vaso-occlusive crises. Many patients also develop lifelong chronic pain. Opioids are the primary method of pain treatment in SCD, but their continued use is associated with several adverse effects. The paper explores integrative approaches to treating pain in SCD to prevent the side effects associated with opioids.


UMLS:C0242402


UMLS:C5211350


UMLS:C4086546

The study assessed the use of Liposomal Bupivacaine (LB) in lumbar interbody surgery. It was found that the use of LB resulted in a shorter hospital stay for patients, with a significant number of discharges in the LB group at 36-48 hours post-surgery. There was also a decrease in the use of intravenous opioids in the LB group at 48-60 hours post-surgery. However, the use of LB did not significantly reduce overall pain scores or opioid use in the 72-hour postoperative hospital period.


UMLS:C4086546


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:4095

Summary not provided or could not be parsed.


UMLS:C5211880


UMLS:C0752046

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of methadone


UMLS:C2347501


GTOPDB:4349


UMLS:C1411976


GO:0034976


GO:1903980


UMLS:C1532256

Resatorvid; selective small-molecule inhibitor of TLR4 (TAK242)


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:5717801


UMLS:C0040423

The study aimed to measure caregiver satisfaction with a nonstandardized postoperative pain regimen after pediatric tonsillectomy and to implement a quality improvement project (QIP) to reduce the number and volume of narcotics prescribed. The QIP was successful in reducing the number of patients prescribed postoperative narcotics from 47% to 27% and the volume of narcotics prescribed. Despite this reduction, caregiver satisfaction regarding pain control remained unchanged. The study concluded that implementing a standardized plan for the use of nonnarcotic medications was associated with reduced frequency and volume of narcotics prescribed.


UMLS:C2936612


UMLS:C0682872


UMLS:C1304888


UMLS:C4546304

Non-cancer chronic pain conditions (NCPC)

The study investigates the association between non-cancer chronic pain conditions (NCPC) and the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) in older adults. The study found that NCPCs were significantly associated with an increased risk of developing ADRD. The risk increased with the number of diagnosed NCPCs. The study also found that sleep disorders and mood disorders such as depression and anxiety might partially mediate this association.


UMLS:C0280460


UMLS:C0752293


UMLS:C0743073


PR:000008630

Disulfide high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1)

The study investigates the role of microglia in the sex-dependent response to disulfide high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1)-mediated mechanical hypersensitivity. The research found that HMGB1 increases microglial activity in both male and female mice, but causes higher cytokine and chemokine expression in males. The study also found that the removal of Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 in myeloid-derived cells, which include microglia, only protected male mice from developing HMGB1-induced hypersensitivity. The study suggests that several proteins identified are required to modulate the effects and highlights the importance of mapping sex differences in pain mechanisms.


UMLS:C0206116


UMLS:C0670896

protects from HMGB1-induced hypersensitivity when removed


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:54675783


PR:000014678


MONDO:0100096

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted research, particularly in the field of chronic pain management. The Pain Management Collaboratory (PMC), which supports 11 large-scale clinical trials in military and veteran health systems, has developed a plan to address these disruptions. This includes tracking and developing plans for addressing COVID-19 impacts across multiple domains, revising study protocols, and developing a harmonized participant questionnaire. The pandemic has affected various aspects of the trials, including intervention delivery, outcomes, regulatory and ethics issues, participant recruitment, and study design. The PMC is taking steps to ensure scientific rigor while encouraging flexibility in the trials, and plans to monitor the impact on research practices and health outcomes.


NCBIGene:18479494


NCIT:C171519


NCBIGene:18479494

Impact on research practices and health outcomes


UMLS:C0183916

The study investigates the use of electronic health records (EHR) to identify patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) based on DSM-5 criteria. The study found that diagnostic codes in EHRs underreported OUD prevalence. However, manual review of medical records using DSM-5 criteria identified a higher percentage of patients with probable moderate to severe OUD. This suggests that EHRs can be used to identify patients with OUD, even when diagnostic codes do not reflect this diagnosis. The study also demonstrated the utility of coding for DSM-5 criteria from medical records to generate a quantitative DSM-5 score associated with OUD severity.


UMLS:C1547153


UMLS:C2065409


UMLS:C3695208


UMLS:C5545199

The study examines the concept of stigma, particularly in relation to neurosurgery. It highlights that stigma, which can be real or perceived, often leads to worse health outcomes as it acts as a barrier to treatment. The study specifically looks at stigma associated with certain diagnoses such as epilepsy, pain, smoking, obesity, and substance use disorder, which are relevant to neurosurgical practice. The study aims to help neurosurgeons understand the societal perceptions surrounding these diagnoses and their impact on health at a systemic level.


UMLS:C0524850


UMLS:C0237427


UMLS:C2738936

The study investigates how patient race and previous opioid misuse behaviors impact healthcare providers' risk assessments for future prescription opioid-related problems. The study found that Black patients and patients with a history of opioid misuse were perceived to be at a higher risk for future misuse/abuse of prescription opioids. Black patients were also perceived to be at a greater risk for future adverse events and diversion. The study suggests that racial minorities and patients with a history of prescription opioid misuse are particularly vulnerable to any unintended consequences of efforts to stem the dual public health crises of chronic pain and opioid use.


UMLS:C1997358


UMLS:C0870602


UMLS:C1563007

Future misuse/abuse of prescription opioids


UMLS:C1563007


UMLS:C3853024

The study investigates the structure of the Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), specifically the H-sulcus sulcogyral patterns, in adult black men with and without cocaine use disorder (CUD). The OFC is known to be involved in processing rewarding stimuli and its abnormal structure has been found in patients with substance use disorders. The study found that the OFC sulcogyral patterns in patients with CUD were not significantly different from the control group.


UMLS:C5775288


UMLS:C0727880


UMLS:C0436548

The paper reviews various forms of neuromodulation as potential treatments for substance use disorder. Neuromodulation has shown positive preliminary results in treating substance use disorder, particularly in reducing substance cravings, a key risk factor for relapse. Transcranial magnetic stimulation has shown the most promise, with several well-designed studies supporting its potential. Deep brain stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation have also shown promise, but require more well-controlled clinical trials to support their efficacy. Other forms of neuromodulation warrant further investigation. Neuromodulation may provide a non-pharmacological treatment option for substance use disorder, and further research is needed.


UMLS:C0394162


UMLS:C1518963


UMLS:C0038493

The study aimed to understand the development of emotion regulation strategies in college students over their first two years. The research found that while social support-seeking increased and suppression decreased, contrary to expectations, cognitive reappraisal declined and substance use coping increased. Women generally used more adaptive emotion regulation strategies than men. Social engagement, connection, and eudaimonic well-being were predictive of using more adaptive coping over time. However, students did not consistently demonstrate maturation to more adaptive emotion regulation and in fact exhibited decrements over the first two years of college. Baseline characteristics of students accounted for substantial changes in emotion regulation.


UMLS:C0032804


UMLS:C2937292


UMLS:C5551743

The study examined the risk factors associated with Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and HIV among people who used methamphetamine. The study found that the risk of blood-borne infections was significantly associated with factors such as age (40-49 years and 50-59 years), living within or below the poverty index, having lower than high school education, sexual identity other than heterosexual, using methamphetamine along with heroin and cocaine, injection drug use, and starting to use methamphetamine at age above 25. The study suggests that those who use polysubstance or inject substances are in urgent need for vaccination and interventions to avoid further harm from blood-borne infections.


UMLS:C0521998


UMLS:C5424598


UMLS:C4290106


UMLS:C0030705

The study investigates the coexistence of substance abuse and psychiatric diagnosis among patients presenting with suicidal ideation in the emergency department. The study found that 92% of these patients had a psychiatric diagnosis, most commonly depression, and 58% reported substance abuse, with marijuana and opioids being the most common. The study suggests that future research should focus on understanding the relationship between these conditions to improve care for this population.


UMLS:C0030705


UMLS:C0376338


UMLS:C1537075


UMLS:C1282231

The study investigates the incidence of hospitalizations due to endogenous endophthalmitis related to drug use in the United States from 2003 to 2016. The study found that there was a four-fold increase in hospitalizations due to this condition during this period. The drug-using population was significantly younger and more likely to be male. The study suggests that clinicians should be vigilant for endophthalmitis in patients with intraocular inflammation who have a history of drug use or dependence.


UMLS:C0678974


UMLS:C0419384


UMLS:C0522172

The paper discusses the relationship between traumatic brain injuries (TBI), substance abuse, and sex. It highlights that intoxicated individuals are more prone to TBI, and TBI can lead to substance use disorders. Men are more likely to suffer TBI due to sports or auto accidents, while women are more likely to suffer TBI due to intimate partner violence. Men are more likely to suffer TBI during late adolescence-young adulthood, but sex differences in TBI incidence are less prominent at other times. While more men meet the criteria for substance abuse disorders, women tend to progress from casual use to addiction more quickly. The paper suggests that these sex differences in TBI and substance abuse interact and may significantly affect long-term outcomes.


NCBIGene:47173


UMLS:C0237871


UMLS:C2945649

The study examined the prevalence of cannabis use among patients undergoing elective surgery and the differences in clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes between cannabis users and non-cannabis users. It was found that 5.9% of patients reported cannabis use. On the day of surgery, cannabis users reported worse pain, more centralized pain symptoms, greater functional impairment, higher fatigue, greater sleep disturbances, and more symptoms of anxiety and depression compared to non-cannabis users. A larger proportion of cannabis users also reported opioid and benzodiazepine use. At 3 and 6 months, cannabis users continued to report worse clinical symptoms, but both groups showed improvement across most domains. At 6 months, the groups did not differ on surgical outcomes, suggesting that cannabis use did not impede recovery.


UMLS:C2945649


UMLS:C2874959

The study investigates the association of early onset polysubstance use before the age of 18 with the prevalence of bronchitis in U.S. adults, with a focus on gender differences. The data was collected from 77,950 adults, 2,653 of whom had bronchitis in the past year. The substances were divided into two clusters: early onset poly tobacco use and early onset poly drug use. The overall prevalence of bronchitis was 3.8%, with a higher prevalence in females (5.1%) than males (2.3%). The study found that being female, elderly, obese, and early onset poly tobacco use were associated with increased odds of bronchitis. Gender-stratified analyses showed that early-onset poly tobacco use was significantly associated with bronchitis only in males, whereas early onset poly drug use was associated with bronchitis only in females. Obesity and tobacco use in the past year were associated with bronchitis regardless of gender.


UMLS:C0946429


UMLS:C1844729


UMLS:C4553478


UMLS:C0544564


UMLS:C3700396

The study reviews the use of α-emitter 223Ra in treating symptomatic bone-predominant metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients at West Virginia University (WVU). The median overall survival (OS) from the first 223Ra infusion to the last follow-up or death was 8.3 months, which is nearly 50% less than the ALSYMPCA median survival of 14.9 months. The study suggests that optimal clinical benefit will likely require earlier referral for 223Ra, before patients have exhausted most conventional therapies.


UMLS:C3826069


UMLS:C3700396


UniProtKB:A0A1S7HPS3

The study reveals that the Fanconi anaemia protein FANCD2 and the Notch target HES1 work together to suppress inflammation-induced PPARƔ, which is crucial for maintaining haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function. The absence of HES1 worsens the defects in FANCD2-KO HSC. Both FANCD2 and HES1 are necessary to limit the harmful effects of inflammation on HSCs. They are also required for the transcriptional repression of the inflammation-activated PPARg promoter. The loss of either FANCD2 or HES1 increases both basal and inflammation-primed fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Inhibiting PPARƔ or the mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1) reduces FAO and improves HSC defects in inflammation-primed HSPCs deleted for FANCD2 or HES1 or both. Depletion of PPARg or CPT1 restores quiescence in these mutant HSCs under inflammatory stress.


UniProtKB:A0A812E0Q0


UniProtKB:A0A8B8UYH7


HP:0012532

The systematic review suggests that chronic pain and certain chronic pain conditions such as osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, and migraines/headaches may increase the risk of cognitive decline, cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). The studies reviewed showed a consistent positive association of osteoarthritis and migraines/headaches with incident ADRD. Emerging evidence also suggests that chronic pain symptoms may accelerate cognitive decline and increase risk for memory impairment and ADRD. However, the conclusions are limited due to substantial study heterogeneity, limited investigation of certain pain conditions, and methodological concerns.


HP:0012532


MONDO:0005178


UMLS:C0151293


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:126961754

The study aimed to determine if opioid exposure could negatively affect the course of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). After reviewing 403 records, it was found that 31.7% had severe CDI and 68.3% had non-severe CDI. The study concluded that opioid exposure, predominantly in a modest range, does not appear to be a risk factor for severe healthcare-associated CDI.


UMLS:C0041735

The study followed 8370 U.S. Veterans who had a nonfatal opioid overdose between 2011 and 2015. The mortality rate for these veterans was found to be significantly higher than that of other veterans or the general U.S. population. The risk of death from substance-related causes, including drugs and alcohol, was particularly high. This highlights the need for integrated treatment and substance use services for veterans.


UMLS:C0041735

U.S. Veterans with a nonfatal opioid overdose


UMLS:C0041735


UMLS:C0041735

Integrated treatment and substance use services


UMLS:C5690774

Summary not provided or could not be parsed.


UMLS:C5690774


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:60835


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:39972

Anti-hyperalgesic effect of enriched diet and companionship


UMLS:C5690774

Efficacy of a sub-optimal dose of morphine


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:644073

The paper reviews the current clinical literature on buprenorphine dosing during pregnancy through 12 months postpartum. It presents data from a retrospective chart review of patients at the institution, describing trends in buprenorphine dosing during pregnancy and postpartum. The findings suggest that changes in the total daily dose of buprenorphine used across pregnancy and through 12 months postpartum at the individual level do not follow consistent patterns, indicating substantial individual variability. Therefore, buprenorphine dosing should be individualized through pregnancy and postpartum with frequent evaluations by providers and solicited input from patients.


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:644073


UMLS:C2104526

The study used machine learning to identify factors associated with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD) and chronic non-cancer pain conditions (CNPC). The study found that 11.4% of the adults met the criteria for TRD. The five leading factors associated with TRD were mental health specialist visits, polypharmacy (use of five or more medications), psychotherapy use, anxiety, and age. Those with TRD were younger, more likely to have anxiety, mental health specialist visits, polypharmacy, and psychotherapy use.


UMLS:C5183720


UMLS:C0282250

The study compared drug test information from fatal motor vehicle crashes in Maryland between the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and the Maryland Medical Examiner (ME) from 2006 - 2018. The results showed that ME data consistently indicated a higher overall incidence and trends in the presence of depressants, narcotics, and stimulants in crash deaths. The findings suggest the potential value of using ME data as a source of drug test information for crash deaths in the United States.


UMLS:C0025082


UMLS:C3829110

The study investigates the relationship between language use, generation status, and chronic pain in the Mexican American population. It was found that higher levels of English use and higher generation status were associated with higher odds of reporting chronic pain. Additionally, these factors were also associated with higher odds of having health insurance coverage and being prescribed analgesic medication, particularly opioids.


UMLS:C3829110


UMLS:C1510809


UMLS:C4760993

The study suggests that the dysfunction of the reward system may be responsible for emotional and pain suffering in migraine. The research found that compared to healthy controls, episodic migraine (EM) patients showed weaker connectivity between the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and areas involved in pain and emotional regulation. This altered connectivity was associated with lower positive affect and greater pain severity in migraine patients. The study also found that this weaker connectivity was inversely correlated with the availability of dopamine D2/D3 receptors, suggesting that these receptors may play a role in the emotional and pain suffering experienced by migraine patients.


UBERON:0001882


UBERON:0002883

Nucleus Accumbens (NAc)-Amygdala connectivity


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:5284603

The paper reviews the pharmacogenomics and pharmacokinetics of oxycodone, a potent opioid used for postoperative, neuropathic, and cancer pain relief. The individual response to oxycodone can vary due to genetic differences. The study found conflicting evidence regarding the effect of genetic polymorphisms on oxycodone. However, there is stronger evidence linking the polymorphic genetic enzymes CYP2D6 and CYP3A with therapeutic outcomes. Further research is needed to understand all of oxycodone's metabolites and their contribution to the overall analgesic effect.


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:5284603


UMLS:C0752046


UMLS:C3534443


NCBIGene:4988

The study aimed to investigate the association between placental OPRM1 DNA methylation levels and neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) outcomes, and to compare OPRM1 methylation levels in opioid-exposed versus non-exposed control placentas. The study found no significant associations between OPRM1 DNA methylation levels and any NOWS outcome measures. Also, no significant differences were found in methylation levels between the opioid and control samples.


GO:0006306


UMLS:C0183739

The study investigates the effectiveness of a medial congruent (MC) polyethylene in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Data from 327 TKAs using different bearings were analyzed. The results showed that MC knees had lower pain scores and higher range of motion than posterior-stabilized (PS) knees at all time points. MC knees also had a significantly higher Forgotten Joint Score (FJS-12) than cruciate-retaining (CR) knees. More patients with MC knees were "very satisfied" than those with CR knees. The study concludes that an MC bearing provides similar or improved early pain, range of motion, and patient satisfaction compared to standard bearings in TKA.


UMLS:C0183739


NCBIGene:4280

The study establishes a mouse model to understand the mechanisms of UV irradiation-induced itch, often associated with sunburn. The research found that broad-band UVB irradiation caused scratching behavior in mice, implicating TRPV1-positive dorsal root ganglion neurons in this process. The study also found that inhibiting TRPV1 function, either genetically or pharmacologically, significantly reduced the itch response. These findings suggest that UVB irradiation triggers itch sensation by promoting TRPV1 channel function in dorsal root ganglion neurons, providing potential therapeutic targets for sunburn-related itch.


UBERON:0000044

TRPV1-positive dorsal root ganglion neurons


UMLS:C1564816


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:66875980

The study investigates the efficacy of Gabapentin (GBP), a non-cannabinoid therapy, in reducing withdrawal symptoms in heavy cannabis users. The study found that GBP reduced somatic signs of withdrawal such as paw tremors and head twitches in mice, but had no effect on locomotor activity or conditioned place preference. GBP also restored withdrawal-suppressed responding on a progressive ratio reinforcement schedule. However, it did not normalize the stress response induced by THC withdrawal, as indicated by plasma corticosterone levels.


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:66875980


UMLS:C3533255

The study investigates the usage and disposal of prescription opiate medication after pediatric surgery. It was found that 79.3% of patients did not use all of their prescribed opiate pain medication, indicating overprescription. Of these, 61.3% disposed of their leftover medication, primarily through flushing, trash, or take-back centers. However, 38.3% still had leftover medication 60 to 90 days postoperatively. The study suggests that pediatric patients typically only require a one-week supply of pain medication post-surgery.


UMLS:C3533255


UMLS:C2013185


UMLS:C5680921

The study investigates the level of medical radiation exposure in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) at a tertiary care center in the USA. The study found that patients with IBS receive high amounts of medical radiation, with 1 in 4 patients reaching at-risk levels of 50 mSv or more. The study also found that usage of pain medication at home, comorbid anxiety, and diarrhea-predominant IBS are independently linked to an increased risk of high cumulative effective doses (CED) of radiation.


UMLS:C4255325


UMLS:C1279420


UMLS:C4314677


UMLS:C1566224

The study investigates the role of KV7 channels in the neural regulation of intestinal epithelial Cl- secretion. The research found that activation of KV7 channels in enteric neurons inhibits epithelial Cl- secretion. This was tested using Flupirtine, a nonselective KV7 activator, which inhibited basal Cl- secretion in mouse distal colon and abolished or attenuated the effects of drugs that target various components of enteric neurotransmission. The study concludes that KV7 channel activators may have therapeutic benefit in treating pathologies associated with hyperexcitable enteric nervous system, such as irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D).


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:53276


UMLS:C3163332

Irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D)

may have therapeutic benefit in treating


UMLS:C2874959

The study investigates the economic impact of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) among adults with chronic non-cancer pain conditions (CNPC) and major depressive disorder (MDD) in the US. The study found that 10.1% of the 21,180 adults with CNPC and MDD had TRD. These patients had significantly higher healthcare resource utilization, resulting in higher average total costs and MDD-related costs compared to non-TRD patients. Prescription drug costs and inpatient services accounted for a significant portion of the excess total healthcare costs among TRD patients. The study concludes that TRD poses a substantial direct economic burden for adults with CNPC and MDD, and suggests that timely interventions for several modifiable risk factors could potentially reduce excess healthcare costs.


NCBIGene:105370401


UMLS:C0085123


UMLS:C0919045


UMLS:C5183720


UMLS:C3653484

The study investigates the role of glucocorticoids and androgens in suppressing gastric inflammation and metaplasia. The research was conducted on mice, where endogenous glucocorticoids and male sex hormones were removed. The study found that female mice developed spontaneous gastric inflammation and metaplasia, while male mice remained normal. The depletion of both glucocorticoids and sex hormones triggered gastric inflammation and metaplasia in male mice. Treatment with 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) prevented and reversed gastric inflammation and metaplasia in female mice. The study identified that Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) expressed abundant levels of both the glucocorticoid receptor (Gr) and androgen receptor (Ar). DHT treatment suppressed the expression of proinflammatory cytokines Il13 and Csf2 by ILC2s. The study concludes that glucocorticoids and androgens regulate gastric inflammation and metaplasia by suppressing the transcription of proinflammatory cytokines in ILC2s.


UMLS:C1139085


UMLS:C0740174


UMLS:C4067589

Lower quality inpatient management of cancer-related pain


UMLS:C4067589

Significantly lower change from Home to Admission MME/day


UMLS:C0556556

Provider education and early involvement of pain specialists

Equitable and compassionate end-of-life care for patients with OUD


UMLS:C3503848

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)

The paper reviews the use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in monitoring pain in the brain. fNIRS is a noninvasive neuroimaging technique that is portable, quiet, and cost-effective, making it suitable for use in a clinical environment. The paper evaluates studies that have used fNIRS in the past decade, reviewing the experimental design, regions of interest, probe localization, data processing, and primary findings. The potential of fNIRS imaging as a brain surveillance technique for pain, in combination with artificial intelligence and extended reality techniques, is also discussed. The paper concludes that fNIRS has great potential for objective pain assessment in the clinical environment.


UMLS:C3503848


UMLS:C0008096

administered for postoperative pain relief

The study investigates the use of quantitative pupillometry (QP) as a tool to predict postoperative respiratory depression (RD) in children who have been administered opioids for pain relief after tonsillectomy. The study found that certain QP measures, specifically percentage pupil constriction, minimum pupillary diameter, and maximum pupillary diameter, differed significantly among children who experienced postoperative RD and those who did not. A predictive model was developed using these measures, along with the weight-based morphine dose, which was found to be effective in predicting postoperative RD.


UMLS:C0491331


NCBITaxon:708137

Postoperative respiratory depression (RD)

differed significantly among children with and without


UMLS:C1514306


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:20806

The study found that Trichodermin, a trichothecene first isolated from Trichoderma viride, significantly decreased the proliferation of two ovarian cancer cell lines. It was found to inhibit ovarian cancer cells by inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest rather than apoptosis. Trichodermin decreased the expression of several proteins and c-Myc was identified as a key target. Overexpression of c-Myc reduced trichodermin's anti-ovarian cancer activity. The study also found that trichodermin slowed tumor growth in mice, suggesting its potential as a treatment for ovarian cancer.


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:20806


UMLS:C4524824

Trichodermin's anti-ovarian cancer activity


UMLS:C4545421

The study investigates the genetic influence on the variability in clinical response to methadone, a drug used for pain relief. It was found that individuals with certain genetic variants of the CYP2B6 gene had different responses to methadone. Specifically, poor metabolizers had lower methadone metabolism, and certain variants were associated with a higher incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Other variants were nominally associated with pain scores.


UMLS:C0030705

The study investigates the association between the transition from initial opioid use to chronic opioid therapy (COT) and the trajectories of healthcare utilization and expenditures. The study found that patients on COT were more likely to use inpatient services and had significantly higher total and inpatient expenditures. The period after the initial opioid prescription but before the transition to COT was identified as an important time for payers to intervene.


UMLS:C5771686


UMLS:C5392921

Period after incident opioid prescription


UMLS:C0198485

The study examined factors associated with delirium and outcomes in patients who underwent damage-control laparotomy (DCL) for traumatic and nontraumatic reasons. The study found that nontrauma patients were older, more likely to be female, and had higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). Both trauma and nontrauma patients had similar ventilator, ICU, and hospital days and mortality rates. However, nontrauma patients had higher rates of renal failure requiring dialysis and postoperative abdominal sepsis. Trauma patients had more delirium, possibly due to traumatic brain injury. Achieving primary fascial closure (PFC) was associated with a decrease in delirium.


UMLS:C0870602


UMLS:C5439700


UMLS:C0441503


UMLS:C0886214

Maximum individual region injury severity

The study investigates the relationship between injury location and severity and the risk of persistent opioid use. The study found that new persistent opioid use (NPOU) is common among patients suffering from trauma, particularly those with extremity and abdominal injuries. The severity of the injury in a specific region was found to predict the development of NPOU, while the total injury severity did not have the same effect.


UMLS:C2367760


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:1548943

The study investigates the effectiveness of topical capsaicin in treating Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS), a condition characterized by recurrent nausea, vomiting, and severe abdominal pain in chronic cannabis users. The study found that a greater proportion of patients who received capsaicin achieved efficacy, defined as only requiring ≤1 rescue medication for symptom relief, compared to those who did not receive capsaicin. The time to discharge after administration of the reference agent was also shorter in the capsaicin group. However, capsaicin did not influence the total number of medications received or total ED length of stay.


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:1548943


UMLS:C0560160

The study investigates the factors that influence healthcare providers' perceptions of patient risk for aberrant opioid use. The study found that patient gender and previous opioid misuse behaviors significantly influence these perceptions. When previous misuse behaviors were absent, providers rated men at higher risk for opioid misuse, abuse, and addiction. However, when previous misuse behaviors were present, providers rated women at higher risk for opioid addiction and there was no gender difference in the perceived risk for opioid misuse or abuse. Providers consistently rated men and those with previous misuse behaviors at higher risk for opioid diversion.


UMLS:C0560160


UMLS:C0234762


UMLS:C3850024

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS)

The study investigates the neural mechanism of the analgesic effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the primary motor cortex (M1) in fibromyalgia (FM) patients. The study found that FM patients had different blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) signal variability compared to healthy controls. After active tDCS, there was an increase in BOLD signal variability in certain brain regions and this change was associated with pain reduction. The findings suggest that changes in neural variability could be part of the mechanisms underlying the analgesic effect of repetitive M1-tDCS in FM.


UMLS:C0751152


UMLS:C3850022


UMLS:C3552710

could be part of the mechanisms underlying


UMLS:C0002773

The study investigates the role of the gene Arc in inflammation. The researchers found that inflammatory cues promote the local translation of Arc in the skin. Mice deficient in Arc showed exaggerated inflammation and vasodilation, which could be normalized by injecting Arc-containing extracellular vesicles into the skin. This suggests that Arc production in response to harmful cues can regulate inflammation in the skin.


MESH:D008821


UMLS:C1707868


UMLS:C2936217


UMLS:C0242104


UMLS:C0032804

The study investigates the link between preconception substance use and unintended pregnancy. Data from 74,543 women who gave birth during 2016-17 was analyzed. It was found that 41% of pregnancies were unintended. Substance use before conception, including smoking, alcohol, cannabis, illicit/recreational drugs, prescription opioids, and antidepressants, was significantly associated with unintended pregnancy. The study suggests that interventions addressing substance use and effective contraceptive use are needed to prevent unintended pregnancies and related adverse effects on maternal and child health.


UMLS:C0946429


UMLS:C0037369


UMLS:C0001948


UMLS:C0006873


UMLS:C5425812


UMLS:C1579362


UMLS:C0841855


UMLS:C0235136

Non-cancer chronic pain conditions (NCPCs) and Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD)

The study investigates the relationship between non-cancer chronic pain conditions (NCPCs) and the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) in older adults in the Appalachian region. The study found that the presence of any NCPC was associated with a significant increase in the odds of developing ADRD. The risk increased with the number of NCPCs present. The study also found that depression and anxiety, but not sleep disorders, partially mediated this association.


MONDO:0011918


UMLS:C0008810

The paper reviews the relationship between circadian rhythms and pain systems. It suggests that the circadian rhythms of pain are not produced by a single locus but are a complex result of distributed rhythms throughout the pain system. These rhythms interact with other systems such as the opioid, endocrine, and immune systems. The paper also highlights the need to consider the role of a proposed feedback loop of circadian rhythm disruption and maladaptive pain.


UMLS:C0917983


GO:0042753

Feedback loop of circadian rhythm disruption


UMLS:C5554236

The study investigates the association between unhealthy opioid use and COVID-19 mortality in older adults. Data from 533,153 patients aged 65 and above, who had a COVID-19 infection between 1/20/2020 to 12/23/2020, were analyzed. The study found that the unadjusted risk ratio of the cohort with unhealthy opioid use compared to the cohort without unhealthy opioid use was 1.18. However, this relationship was not significant in analysis with propensity score matching. The study concludes that unhealthy opioid use in older adults does not increase vulnerability to death from COVID-19.


UMLS:C0079379


MONDO:0100096


UMLS:C0870602

The study investigates the gut microbiome in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) patients. It was found that there is a significant imbalance or dysbiosis in the gut microbiome of SCD patients, with certain bacterial families being more abundant. This dysbiosis was also observed in a SCD mouse model, suggesting it could be a good model for further study. The dysbiosis involves bacteria known to trigger strong inflammatory responses, which could have implications for SCD pathophysiology.


UMLS:C4287543


UMLS:C2986594


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:20055403

The study investigates the pharmacokinetics of R and S methadone and its metabolite EDDP in children undergoing orthopedic surgeries. The study found that the pharmacokinetics of R and S methadone were well-described by two-compartment disposition models with first-order absorption and elimination. The clearance of both R and S methadone were scaled by bodyweight. The CYP2B6 phenotype and the intronic CYP3A4 SNP rs2246709 were found to be determinants of the clearance of both the enantiomers. The concentrations of AAG and the SNP of AAG rs17650 independently increased the volume of distribution of both the enantiomers. These findings will aid in the optimal dosing of methadone in children.


NCBIGene:1555


UMLS:C1527094


UMLS:C5761777


UMLS:C2936568

The study investigates a new class of TRPM8 antagonists and their impact on nicotine reward-related behavior in mice. The research found that these ligands enhanced nicotine reward-related behavior and acted as positive modulators on α4β2 nAChRs. These receptors play a crucial role in nicotine dependence and various neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease. Therefore, the identification of these ligands as α4β2 nAChR PMs is significant and may serve as novel molecular tools for future nAChR-related investigations.


UMLS:C0700219

The study investigates the feasibility of integrating smoking cessation treatment into different phases of outpatient treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). The study involved 74 smokers undergoing medication for OUD (MOUD) and used a varenicline-based intervention. The results showed a lower retention rate in the initial phase of MOUD treatment, with participants in this phase reporting more side effects. However, adherence to the intervention and a decrease in smoking was observed across all phases. The study suggests that the timing of integrating smoking cessation treatment into MOUD treatment could be evaluated using this method.


UMLS:C2460648


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:170361


UMLS:C3649263


NCBITaxon:93666

The study investigates the effects of neonatal opioid exposure in outbred mice, focusing on sex differences in behavioral and brainstem transcriptomic neuroadaptations. The mice were administered morphine from postnatal day 1 to 14, simulating the third trimester of human gestation. The study found that morphine induced weight loss, increased anxiety, and pain sensitivity, with females showing greater hyperalgesia than males. Ultrasonic vocalizations increased earlier in females than in males. Transcriptome analysis of the brainstem revealed pathways enriched for noradrenergic signaling in both sexes, with sex-specific pathways related to mitochondrial function and neurodevelopment in females and circadian entrainment in males.


MESH:D008821


UBERON:0002298


UMLS:C2051715

Individuals with co-occurring depression

Chronic pain or other medical conditions

The study found that among patients with opioid use disorder (OUD), 47% had a lifetime depression diagnosis. These individuals were more likely to be female and have comorbid chronic pain or other medical conditions. Co-occurring depression was associated with an increased likelihood of other mental health and substance use disorders, as well as opioid overdose and/or suicide attempt or ideation. The study highlights the need to consider these complex health needs when developing treatment plans and services.


UMLS:C0235136

Opioid overdose and/or suicide attempt or ideation


UMLS:C2148479


UniProtKB:A0A7J7JD57

The study reveals that the transmembrane protein 184B (TMEM184B) is crucial for the expression of a large group of itch receptors, including those for interleukin 31 (IL-31), leukotriene C4, and histamine. Mice lacking TMEM184B showed reduced responses to IL-31 but maintained normal responses to pain and mechanical force, indicating a specific behavioral defect in IL-31-induced pruriception. The study also found that a reduction in IL-31-induced calcium entry is a likely contributor to this phenotype. The study identified an early failure of proper Wnt-dependent transcriptional signatures and signaling components in Tmem184b mutant mice that may explain the improper DRG neuronal subtype specification.


PR:000001316


UMLS:C2930420

Wnt-dependent transcriptional signatures and signaling components


UniProtKB:A0A7J7JD57


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:10836

The study analyzed data from methamphetamine-related deaths in West Virginia from 2013 to 2018. It found that the number of deaths involving only methamphetamine remained relatively stable, but the actual number of deaths increased. The largest increase was seen in deaths involving both fentanyl/fentanyl analogs (FAs) and methamphetamine, which accounted for 41.3% of the total. The average number of deaths involving fentanyl without methamphetamine significantly declined, while deaths involving both fentanyl and methamphetamine, and methamphetamine only, significantly increased. The study concludes that fentanyl and FAs are playing an increasingly significant role in methamphetamine-related deaths.


UMLS:C1656695


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:3345


UMLS:C2924363


UMLS:C1136740

The study investigates the role of STAT5 tetramerization in autoimmune-mediated neuroinflammation. Using a STAT5 tetramer-deficient mouse strain, the researchers found that STAT5 tetramers promote the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The mild EAE phenotype in these mice correlates with impaired interactions between T-helper 17 (Th17) cells and monocyte-derived cells (MDCs). The study also reveals a pathway involving GM-CSF-STAT5 tetramer-CCL17 in MDCs that promotes autoimmune neuroinflammation.


GTOPDB:4942


UMLS:C1959608


REACT:R-BTA-1295540

STAT5 tetramer-deficient Stat5a-Stat5b N-domain double knockin (DKI) mouse strain

experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)


UMLS:C2370884

The study investigates the relationship between emotion regulation and pain-related outcomes in adults with chronic pain. It was found that general difficulties with emotion regulation at baseline were related to pain severity and pain interference at a three-month follow-up. The study also found that alexithymia, a condition characterized by difficulty in identifying and describing emotions, was a significant predictor of pain severity and pain interference. The findings suggest that general emotion regulation could be a potential target for chronic pain intervention.


UMLS:C2370884


MONDO:0000661


UMLS:C0020699

The study aimed to understand the impact of hysterectomy on sexual function in patients with three common surgical indications: pelvic pain (PP), abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The study found that patients with PP experienced significant improvement in sexual function post-surgery, while no significant improvements were observed in AUB and POP patients. Factors such as younger age, lower baseline sexual function, and short duration of pelvic pain were associated with improved sexual function post-surgery. The surgical indication did not significantly predict postoperative sexual function.


EFO:0000246


UMLS:C0278092


UMLS:C1536168


MONDO:0100096

The study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with chronic pain, specifically looking at pain severity, emotional distress, and opioid misuse over a year. The study found that these factors did not significantly worsen during the pandemic. Socio-demographic factors, pain catastrophizing, and sleep disturbance did not moderate these outcomes. However, individuals with higher pain acceptance reported greater improvement in pain severity and depressive symptoms. The study suggests that interventions to improve pain acceptance may help individuals with chronic pain during the pandemic.


UMLS:C0000899


CHEBI:51142

The paper discusses the importance of adopting an antiracism framework in all pain research disciplines. It emphasizes the systematic disadvantage created by racialization and suggests that engaging communities can increase the participation of racialized groups in research studies. The paper also highlights the benefits of diversifying the research environment and recommends changes in reporting and dissemination practices to avoid stigmatizing or reproducing oppressive forms of power for racialized groups. The authors believe that these changes will increase the equity, generalizability, and credibility of the data produced, and more accurately reflect the pain experiences of all communities.


UMLS:C0242481


UMLS:C0512972


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:126961754

The study investigates the impact of opioid exposure during pregnancy on the neonatal immune profile. The findings show that neonates exposed to opioids have a significant reduction in neutrophils, decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines in the serum, and reduced IL-2 production during in vitro CD4+ T cell proliferation compared to controls. This suggests that opioid exposure during pregnancy may increase the neonate's susceptibility to infection.


HP:0005756


UMLS:C0920381

A 25-year-old male experienced knee pain years after undergoing an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. An MRI revealed a suspected cyclops lesion in the knee's anterior portion. However, upon diagnostic knee arthroscopy and lesion removal, it was found that the patient had a tenosynovial giant cell tumor, a rare intraarticular lesion. The current management approach for this condition involves either arthroscopic or open removal of the lesion, followed by regular monitoring and advanced imaging to check for recurrence.


UMLS:C5561740


UMLS:C0187970


UMLS:C0680830


UMLS:C0205905

The paper discusses the impact of racism on pain research and its contribution to pain inequities. It emphasizes the need for an antiracism pain research framework that focuses on the effects of racism, not "race," on pain outcomes. The authors also highlight the importance of cultural humility in applying antiracism research practices. They critique research designs that perpetuate racism and suggest alternatives. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of an antiracism framework for research dissemination, community engagement, and diversity in research teams.


UMLS:C1518856


UMLS:C0175992


UMLS:C0038500


UMLS:C5690851


UMLS:C3499125

The paper discusses the development of a home-based, non-invasive, self-applied system for bilateral stimulation of the primary motor cortices (M1) for the treatment of chronic pain disorders such as fibromyalgia and chronic migraine. Current neuromodulation methods predominantly apply unilateral stimulation, limiting their therapeutic effect. The proposed system uses high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) to provide more global pain relief. The system is a wearable, battery-powered device designed for long-term home use. Computational models were used to compare this system with current laboratory-based unilateral and bilateral HD-tDCS models.


UMLS:C3850024

High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS)


UMLS:C3881632

High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS)


EFO:0003843

The paper discusses the influence of racism on pain research, focusing on study design factors. It highlights the subjectivity in research processes and identifies four common study design factors that may hinder progress towards pain care equity. These include the dominant biomedical narrative of pain, low diversity in research enrollment, the use of "race" or "ethnicity" as a statistical variable, and limited modeling in preclinical research for the impact of social factors on pain physiology. The paper suggests reframing these factors using an antiracism framework to promote equity.


NCBIGene:986027


UMLS:C0015031


UMLS:C4521208

has limited modeling for impact on pain physiology


UniProtKB:A0A084W9N1

The study reveals that the TRPA1 channel is crucial for pain-related behaviors in a mouse model of estrogen-induced uterine pain. It was found that 2- and 4-hydroxylated estrogen metabolites (2- and 4-HEMs), not estrone, estradiol, or 16-HEMs, directly increased nociceptor hyperactivity through TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels. Both TRPA1 and TRPV1 were expressed in uterine-innervating primary nociceptors, and their expression was increased in the estrogen-induced uterine pain model. The study suggests that TRPA1 could be a potential drug target for treating female reproductive tract pain.


UMLS:C0457550

2- and 4-hydroxylated estrogen metabolites (2- and 4-HEMs)


UMLS:C4505180


UMLS:C0687734

The study aimed to improve the diagnosis of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) using electronic health records (EHRs) by developing and applying an annotation schema using natural language processing (NLP) tools. The schema was used to identify problematic opioid use, potential OUD, and provide psychosocial context. The study used hospital discharge summaries from the MIMIC-III Critical Care Database. The annotation schema contained 32 classes and achieved moderate inter-annotator agreement. Five classes had a sufficient number of annotations for automation, with high performance observed for drug screening and opioid type. The study concluded that rich information regarding problematic opioid use can be manually identified by annotators, but more training samples and features would improve the ability to reliably identify less common classes from clinical text.


UMLS:C5200813


UMLS:C0034685

The study used single nucleus RNA sequencing to analyze the transcriptomic changes in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of rats self-administering morphine. The researchers identified 1106 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the acute morphine group and 2453 DEGs in the morphine self-administration group, across 27 distinct cell clusters. They also found 1329 DEGs that were specific to morphine self-administration. The DEGs were identified in novel clusters of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and D1R- and D2R-expressing medium spiny neurons in the NAc. The study suggests that volitional morphine taking is associated with distinct cell type-specific transcriptomic changes in the rat NAc.


UMLS:C5237185

Single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNAseq)


UMLS:C0556180


UMLS:C5690793


UMLS:C0520260

The study explores the experiences and perceptions of surgeons participating in collaborative quality improvement in surgical care. Two major themes were identified: the importance of contextualizing individual performance to identify improvement opportunities and create motivation, and peer learning as the primary method to inform practice change. The study found that collaborative quality improvement relies on comparing one's own performance to peers, using this comparison to motivate improvement, deriving evidence from peers to inform improvement initiatives, and overcoming hesitancy to change by highlighting peer success.


UMLS:C1632242


UMLS:C0515942


UMLS:C3896579

The study investigates the functional connectivity of three brain networks - the default mode network (DMN), salience network (SN), and executive control network (ECN) - in subjects with opioid use disorder (OUD) compared to healthy controls (HC). The findings suggest that the functional connectivity of the ECN in OUD subjects is significantly weaker than in HC, particularly in a cluster in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. No significant differences were found in the functional connectivity of the DMN, SN, or right ECN between the two groups. The study also found no significant associations between functional connectivity and negative urgency, and no differences between severe OUD and mild or moderate OUD. These results are preliminary and further research is needed.


UMLS:C0334048


UMLS:C4704677

The paper discusses the role of stakeholder engagement in pragmatic clinical trials (PCTs) conducted by the NIH-DOD-VA Pain Management Collaboratory (PMC) for pain management in U.S. military and veteran health organizations. The Stakeholder Engagement Work Group, supported by a separately funded Coordinating Center, aims to develop partnerships to generate valid findings relevant to veterans, military service members, clinicians, health care teams, and health system leaders. The group provides a forum for principal investigators to discuss stakeholder engagement strategies, address challenges, and share experiences. The paper emphasizes the importance of understanding who the stakeholders are, ensuring they represent the interests of the study's target population, and how sustained stakeholder relationships can help overcome implementation challenges.


UMLS:C4704677


NCBIGene:4985

The study aimed to replicate the effect of the OPRD1 variant (rs678849) on the efficacy of buprenorphine in treating African-Americans with opioid use disorder. The study found that patients with the C/C genotype were more likely to have opioid-positive drug screens than those with the C/T or T/T genotypes. This suggests that the rs678849 genotype may be a valuable pharmacogenetic marker for deciding which medication to prescribe for opioid use disorder in this population.


UMLS:C0615670


UMLS:C1285573


UMLS:C5392135

The study investigates the impact of social distancing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic on the prescription of Medication for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD) in West Virginia. The findings suggest that social distancing measures were associated with an increase in both the number of MOUD prescriptions and the number of doses in each prescription. This indicates that despite the rapid implementation of telemedicine and other changes in the healthcare environment, MOUD delivery was not significantly disrupted.


UMLS:C2047964


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:644073


RXCUI:352990


GTOPDB:3723

The study investigates the relationship between the endogenous opioid β-endorphin, cancer progression, and pain in a transgenic mouse model of breast cancer. The findings show that the growing tumor contributes to circulating β-endorphin, which paradoxically increases pain despite its analgesic properties. The study also found that increased circulating β-endorphin correlates with increasing tumor burden and activates signaling pathways that promote cancer progression and associated pain.


GTOPDB:3723


UMLS:C1579124


UMLS:C0457949

The paper discusses the need for a transformation in the delivery of care for Low Back Pain (LBP) in the United States. It suggests that the current approach is neither effective nor safe due to the lack of adherence to guideline recommendations by providers, patients, and health systems. The paper proposes an evidence-based pathway that includes self-management resources, appropriate foundational care, individualized care for persistent symptoms, and specialized care when necessary. This approach aims to increase patient access to guideline adherent LBP care as an alternative to opioids, unwarranted diagnostic tests, and unnecessary surgery.


UMLS:C0457949


UMLS:C1882104

The paper discusses the role of Pragmatic Clinical Trials (PCTs) in addressing health inequities, particularly in pain management research within large, integrated health systems. The authors highlight the unique position of PCTs in bridging the gap between research, healthcare delivery, and the complexities of everyday life. They suggest that PCTs can provide actionable information for patients, providers, health systems, and policy makers. The paper also emphasizes the need for engaging diverse stakeholders in PCTs through health equity working groups and other collaborative relationships to ensure robust and inclusive research design and implementation.


UMLS:C1882104

can overcome implementation challenges for


UMLS:C4042901


UMLS:C2603343

The study aimed to characterize abdominal pain symptoms among different subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) using data from the National Gastrointestinal (GI) Survey. The study found that the characteristics of abdominal pain differ between the IBS subtypes. Specifically, individuals with IBS-C (constipation) experience more bothersome, frequent, and diffuse abdominal pain compared to those with IBS-D (diarrhea). No differences in these domains were seen between individuals with IBS-D and IBS-M (mixed).


UMLS:C4534570


UMLS:C4682442

The study investigates the adherence to stepped care management for knee pain and its impact on recurrence and healthcare utilization. The data was collected from 60,730 participants from the Military Health System Data Repository. The results showed that 89.7% of participants received Step 1 care, 18.1% received Step 2, and 6.9% received Step 3. Adherence to the stepped care resulted in cost savings, fewer knee-related visits, fewer episodes of knee pain, fewer knee surgeries, and fewer opioid prescriptions.


UMLS:C4505265


UMLS:C0184714

The paper discusses the implementation of Group-Based Opioid Treatment (GBOT) models in different outpatient settings across a large academic health care system. The study presents four cases of GBOT implementation, detailing the pros and cons, personnel and resources involved, patient mix and group format, workflow logistics, monitoring and management, and sustainability components. The study concludes that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to GBOT implementation, but a team-based, patient-centered medical home approach is commonly feasible. The study suggests that future research should focus on identifying the core and malleable components to implementation, their evidence base, and how they might be influenced by site-specific resources, culture, and other contextual factors.


UMLS:C4716222

The paper discusses the implementation of Group-Based Opioid Treatment (GBOT) for patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). It identifies six core components for successful GBOT implementation: consistent group expectations, team-based approach to care, safe and confidential space, billing compliance, regular monitoring, and regular patient participation. The paper also identifies 14 malleable components and provides a conceptual framework for their application. The blueprint provided can help in the implementation of GBOT and in monitoring its influence on treatment outcomes.


UMLS:C5541642


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:126961754

The paper reviews the current literature on opioid overdose risk factors, with a focus on new factors contributing to the opioid crisis. The proliferation of fentanyl in the opioid market is driven by both market supply and a subpopulation of opioid users actively seeking it. Harm reduction techniques like fentanyl testing strips, naloxone education and distribution, drug sampling behaviors, and supervised injection facilities are being increasingly used and researched. Interventions such as medication for opioid use disorder and peer recovery coaching programs are also being used more to prevent opioid overdose. The opioid epidemic is a dynamic crisis that requires ongoing research to identify new overdose risk factors and develop new interventions for at-risk populations.


PUBCHEM.COMPOUND:3345


UMLS:C0841855