Densely Granulated Corticotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumor composed of basophilic PAS-positive cells that are diffusely and strongly positive for ACTH, consistent with the abundance of secretory granules seen at the ultrastructural level. (WHO)


Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor of SF1-Lineage

biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:ThingWithTaxon

A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor arising from SF1-lineage adenohypophysial cells.


Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified

A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor in which further characterization regarding subtyping is not available.


Crooke Cell Tumor

A corticotroph pituitary tumor composed of cells with Crooke hyaline change. Ring-like cytokeratin expression is typical of these neoplasms. ACTH expression is dislocated to the cell periphery and juxtanuclear region. Ultrastructurally, intermediate filaments are arranged in a ring-like pattern. (WHO)


Mammosomatotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor composed of acidophilic cells that produce both growth hormone and prolactin. Immunohistochemical studies reveal the presence of these two hormones localized in the same cell.


Null Cell Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A non-functioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumor without hormonal immunoreactivity or evidence of specific adenohypophyseal cell derivation.


LH-Producing Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor that produces luteinizing hormone (LH).


non-functioning pituitary adenoma

A hormone producing or non-producing pituitary gland adenoma not associated with a hormonal syndrome.


Pituitary macroadenoma

biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:ThingWithTaxon

A pituitary gland adenoma that is larger than 10mm.


growth hormone-producing pituitary gland adenoma

An adenoma of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that produces growth hormone. The vast majority of cases are hormonally functioning and are associated with either gigantism or acromegaly.


Plurimorphous Plurihormonal Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A plurihormonal pituitary neuroendocrine tumor consisting of two or more different cell lineages. (WHO)


Non-Functioning Densely Granulated Corticotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A densely granulated corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumor not associated with a hormonal syndrome.


ACTH-producing pituitary gland carcinoma

A rare, hormonally functioning or non-functioning pituitary gland adenocarcinoma that produces corticotropin. It may be associated with Cushing disease.


Non-Functioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Macroadenoma

A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor/macroadenoma not associated with a hormonal syndrome.


pituitary blastoma

A pituitary cancer that is characterized by features of Cushing disease, with elevated blood ACTH levels and hypercortisolism arising within the fetal anterior pituitary and associated with DICER1 mutations.


mixed somatotroph-lactotroph pituitary gland adenoma

An infrequent pituitary gland adenoma composed of an admixture of acidophilic and chromophobic cells that produce growth hormone and prolactin respectively. Unlike mammosomatotroph adenomas, these two hormones are not localized in the same cell by immunohistochemistry.


Functioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Macroadenoma

A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor/macroadenoma associated with a hormonal syndrome.


Functioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Microadenoma

A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor/microadenoma associated with a hormonal syndrome.


Recurrent Anterior Pituitary Gland Neoplasm

The reemergence of a pituitary gland neoplasm after a period of remission.


pituitary adenocarcinoma

A rare adenocarcinoma with poor prognosis, arising from the adenohypophysial cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland or pre-existing adenomas. The majority are hormonally functioning neoplasms, usually producing prolactin or ACTH. The diagnosis is based on the presence of metastases. Syndromes associated with pituitary gland carcinomas include hyperprolactinemia, Cushing disease, and acromegaly.


Double Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors of Distinct Lineages

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors composed of adenohypopheseal cells of two lineages or a null cell tumor in combination with a lineage-specific pituitary neuroendocrine tumor in the same gland.


Non-Functioning Corticotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

Corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumor not associated with a hormonal syndrome.


prolactin-producing pituitary gland carcinoma

A rare, hormonally functioning or non-functioning pituitary gland adenocarcinoma that produces prolactin.


growth hormone-producing pituitary gland carcinoma

A rare, hormonally functioning or non-functioning pituitary gland adenocarcinoma that produces growth hormone. It may be associated with acromegaly.


Monomorphous Plurihormonal Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A plurihormonal pituitary neuroendocrine tumor consisting of a single cell type producing two (or rarely more) hormones. (WHO)


Ectopic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor that does not involve the sella turcica.


Acidophil Stem Cell Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

An infrequent pituitary neuroendocrine tumor composed of cells showing immunoreactivity for prolactin and less often growth hormone. Electron microscopic studies reveal giant mitochondria, a finding not present in any other type of pituitary gland adenomas.


ACTH-producing pituitary gland adenoma

An adenoma of the pituitary gland that produces corticotropin. The vast majority of cases are associated with Cushing disease. Clinical manifestations include truncal obesity with thin extremities, thinning of the skin, osteoporosis, and a tendency to bruise easily. Silent or hormonally non-functioning ACTH producing adenomas have also been described. They produce symptoms of a mass-related lesion.


Non-Functioning Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor/Microadenoma

A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor/microadenoma not associated with a hormonal syndrome.


Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor of TPIT-Lineage

A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor arising from TPIT-lineage adenohypophysial cells.


Sparsely Granulated Somatotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A growth hormone-producing pituitary neuroendocrine tumor composed of small, round cells containing fibrous bodies and scarce, small secretory granules.


Densely Granulated Lactotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A rare prolactin-producing pituitary neuroendocrine tumor composed of acidophilic cells with many large secretory granules.  The endoplasmic reticulum is not as abundant as in the sparsely granulated subtype.


Sparsely Granulated Lactotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A prolactin-producing pituitary neuroendocrine tumor composed of relatively large, chromophobic or slightly acidophilic cells with well developed, abundant endoplasmic reticulum, and many immature secretory granules.  Mature secretory granules are sparse.


Metastatic Unresectable Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

Metastatic pituitary neuroendocrine tumor that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Plurihormonal Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor that expresses adenohypophyseal hormones and belongs to more than one adenohypophysial cell lineage.


Mature Plurihormonal PIT1 Lineage Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A well-differentiated pituitary neuroendocrine tumor composed of PIT1-lineage adenohypophyseal cells with acidophilic cytoplasm, extensive immunoreactivity for growth hormone and variable immunoreactivity for TSH, prolactin, and alpha-subunit. (WHO)


prolactin-producing pituitary gland adenoma

Prolactinoma is a usually benign neoplasm of the pituitary gland that results in hyperprolactinemia. The most common clinical manifestations are amenorrhea and infertility in women; and impotence, decreased libido and infertility in men.


Sparsely Granulated Corticotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumor composed of faintly basophilic or chromophobic PAS-positive cells with weak or patchy positivity for ACTH, consistent with the scant, small secretory granules seen ultrastructurally. (WHO)


Atypical Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A usually aggressive and invasive pituitary neuroendocrine tumor characterized by excessive p53 immunoreactivity, increased mitotic activity, and MIB-1 proliferative index greater than 3%.


Densely Granulated Somatotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A growth hormone-producing pituitary neuroendocrine tumor composed of medium-sized acidophilic cells with granular cytoplasm and abundant secretory granules.


A pituitary neuroendocrine tumor with a diameter equal or less than 10 mm.


Multiple Synchronous Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors of Distinct Lineages

Multiple pituitary neuroendocrine tumors composed of adenohypopheseal cells of two or more lineages or a null cell tumor in combination with a lineage-specific pituitary neuroendocrine tumor in the same gland.


Non-Functioning Sparsely Granulated Corticotroph Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A sparsely granulated corticotroph pituitary neuroendocrine tumor not associated with a hormonal syndrome.


Nasopharyngeal Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

An ectopic pituitary neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the nasopharynx.


Mixed Gangliocytoma-Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor

A pituitary neoplasm composed of mature ganglionic cells admixed with pituitary neoplastic neuroendocrine cells.


unexplained long-lasting fever/inflammatory syndrome


Fractured proximal epiphysis of first metacarpal bone

A partial or complete breakage of the proximal epiphysis of first metacarpal bone.


extramammary Paget disease

A malignant neoplasm in which there is infiltration of the skin by neoplastic large cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli (Paget cells). It may affect the anus, penis, scrotum, and vulva.


vulval Paget disease

An uncommon intraepithelial malignant neoplasm of eccrine or apocrine origin, arising from the vulva. It usually affects post-menopausal women. In approximately 10-20% of the cases there is an associated anorectal, or urothelial carcinoma or a skin appendage adenocarcinoma identified. It presents as a red, eczematous lesion. Microscopically, it is characterized by the presence of the typical Paget cells which are large, round cells with abundant cytoplasm and prominent nuclei.


scrotum Paget disease

A mammary Paget's disease that involves the scrotum.


Recurrent Paget Disease of the Anal Canal

The reemergence of Paget disease of the anal canal after a period of remission.


Paget disease of the penis

A premalignant condition morphologically characterized by the presence of the characteristic Paget cells in the intraepithelial tissue of the penis. It presents as a smooth raised reddish area that may or may not be painful. -- 2003


tyrosine-protein kinase SYK isoform Short (human)

A tyrosine-protein kinase SYK (human) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P43405-2.


tyrosine-protein kinase SYK phosphotyrosine form (human)

A tyrosine-protein kinase SYK (human) that includes at least one phosphorylated tyrosine. UniProtKB:P43405, MOD:00048.


tyrosine-protein kinase SYK phosphorylated 2 (human)

A tyrosine-protein kinase SYK phosphorylated 2 in human. UniProtKB:P43405, Tyr-348, MOD:00048.


tyrosine-protein kinase SYK phosphorylated 3 (human)

A tyrosine-protein kinase SYK (human) that has been post-translationally modified to include phosphotyrosine at positions 131, 323, 348, 352, 525 and 526 of the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P43405. UniProtKB:P43405, Tyr-131/Tyr-323/Tyr-348/Tyr-352/Tyr-525/Tyr-526, MOD:00048.


Intracellular accumulation of collagen VII

Collagen VII is the major molecular constituent of anchoring fibrils in the skin. Collagen VII is synthesized as three identical pro-alpha1(VII) polypeptide chains, which are hydroxylated and glycosylated in a coordinated manner and then fold into triple-helical procollagen VII in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Mature collagen VII undergoes a multistep fibril polymerization process to form the anchoring fibrils. Mutant pro-alpha1(VII) polypeptide chains or procollagen VII molecules do not pass the ER quality control and are retained in the ER or designated for ubiquitin-proteasome degradation resulting in reduced amounts of collagen VII in the skin.


myeloperoxidase N-glycosylated 8 (human)

A myeloperoxidase (human) that has been N-glycosylated at the residue equivalent to Asn-483 of the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P05164-1, in which the glycan structure is represented by GlyTouCan:G82348BZ. Example: UniProtKB:P05164-1, Asn-483, MOD:00160~GNO:G82348BZ.


Stage II Renal Pelvis Cancer AJCC v7

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage II Renal Pelvis and Ureter Cancer AJCC v7

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0.  T2: Tumor invades the muscularis.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Duane retraction syndrome 3 with or without deafness

Duane syndrome type 3 is a disorder of eye movement.The affected eye, or eyes, has limited ability to move both inward toward the nose and outward toward the ears. The eye opening narrows and the eyeball pulls in when looking inward toward the nose. About 15 percent of all cases of Duane syndrome are type 3. Most cases occur without other signs and symptoms.In most people with Duane syndrome type 3, the cause is unknown; but it can sometimes be caused by mutations in the CHN1 gene and inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion.


ephrin type-A receptor 3, signal peptide removed phosphorylated 1 (human)

An ephrin type-A receptor 3 (human) that has had the signal peptide removed and has been post-translationally modified to include phosphotyrosine at positions 596 and 602 of the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P29320. UniProtKB:P29320, 21-983, Tyr-596/Tyr-602, MOD:00048.


carcinoma in situ of ureter

A in situ carcinoma that involves the ureter.


epithelial neoplasm

A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from and is composed of epithelial cells. This category include adenomas, papillomas, and carcinomas.


maxillary arteriovenous malformation

Maxillary arteriovenous malformation is a rare vascular anomaly characterized by an abnormal connection of the arterial and venous vasculature, without capillary connections, in the maxillofacial area, usually presenting with chronic, intermittent, and potentially life-threatening, hemorrhage. Association with infection, pain, pressure, pulsation, swelling, facial asymmetry, headache, ocular pain, tinnitus, otalgia, epistaxis, toothache and/or teeth mobility and compressibility into their sockets is possible, although it may also be asymptomatic.


thymoma

A neoplasm arising from the epithelial cells of the thymus. Although thymomas are usually encapsulated tumors, they may invade the capsule and infiltrate the surrounding tissues or even metastasize to distant anatomic sites. The following morphologic subtypes are currently recognized: type A, type B, type AB, metaplastic, micronodular, microscopic, and sclerosing thymoma. Thymomas type B are further subdivided into types B1, B2, and B3. Thymoma type B3 usually has the most aggressive clinical course.


scrotal carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the scrotum.


ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma

An endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from the ovary. It comprises 10% to 25% of all primary ovarian carcinomas. Grossly, endometrioid carcinoma may present as a cystic or solid mass. Microscopically, the tumor greatly resembles the appearance of the ordinary type of endometrial adenocarcinoma. As a group, endometrioid carcinoma has a prognosis twice as good as that of serous or mucinous carcinoma.


ureter inverted papilloma

A neoplasm of the ureter in which the epithelial cells grow downward into the underlying supportive tissue, which often causes hematuria.


apocrine adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma with apocrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It presents as single or multiple nodular lesions which may be ulcerated or hemorrhagic and is usually in the axilla and less often in the anogenital region. It grows in the dermis and infiltrates subcutaneous tissues. It is characterized by the presence of large cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large often vesicular nuclei. Most cases are slow growing tumors and have a prolonged course.


breast mucinous carcinoma

An invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by the presence of islands of small and uniform cells, surrounded by large amounts of mucin. Pure mucinous breast carcinomas generally have a favorable prognosis.


scirrhous breast carcinoma

An infiltrating ductal breast carcinoma associated with stromal fibrosis.


renal pelvis urothelial papilloma

A benign neoplasm of the renal pelvis that involves the transitional epithelium projecting above the surrounding epithelial surface and consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma.


kidney carcinoma in situ

A carcinoma in situ involving a kidney.


adenoid cystic breast carcinoma

An adenoid cystic carcinoma primarily involving the breast. Three morphologic patterns are seen: cribriform, trabecular, and solid. The prognosis is excellent.


stage II endometrioid carcinoma

Endometrial carcinoma is a carcinoma that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb). It is the result of the abnormal growth of cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. The first sign is most often vaginal bleeding not associated with a menstrual period. Other symptoms include pain with urination or sexual intercourse, or pelvic pain. Endometrial cancer occurs most commonly after menopause. In stage II the cancer has spread from the body of the uterus and is growing into the supporting connective tissue of the cervix (called the cervical stroma). The cancer has spread into connective tissue of the cervix, but has not spread outside the uterus.


ovarian adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary. It is the most common type of ovarian carcinoma. It includes the serous adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, clear cell adenocarcinoma, and endometrioid adenocarcinoma.


nasal cavity carcinoma in situ

A in situ carcinoma that involves the nasal cavity.


thyroid gland fetal adenoma

A thyroid gland adenoma composed of microfollicular structures.


ureter carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the ureter.


ovarian clear cell cancer

An invasive malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by a predominance of clear and hobnail malignant epithelial cells.


skin cystic basal cell carcinoma

A basal cell carcinoma of the skin that is characterized by cyst formation.


vulvar clear cell hidradenocarcinoma

A vulvar sweat gland carcinoma characterized by the presence of clear cells.


stage IVb bladder cancer

Stage IV includes T4b, NO,MO/any T NI, MO/ any T N2 MO,/ any T N3 MO/ any T any N M1 : T4b: Tumor invades the pelvic wall, abdominal wall. N1: Metastasis in a single lymph node, 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N2: Metastasis in a single lymph node, more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm in greatest dimension; or multiple lymph nodes, none more than 5 cm in greatest dimension. N3: Metastasis in a lymph node more than 5 cm in greatest dimension. M1: Distant metastasis.


vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

An invasive squamous cell carcinoma arising from the vulva. Risk factors include the human papilloma virus and cigarette smoking. Precursor lesions include the vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, lichen sclerosus with associated squamous cell hyperplasia, and chronic granulomatous vulvar disease such as granuloma inguinale. Symptoms include vulvar pruritus or irritation, discharge, bleeding, and pain. The following morphologic variants have been identified: keratinizing, non-keratinizing, basaloid, warty, verrucous, keratoacanthoma-like, and squamous cell carcinoma with tumor giant cells. Risk factors for recurrence include advanced stage, tumor diameter greater than 2.5 cm, multifocality, capillary-like space involvement, associated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 or 3, and margins of resection involved by tumor. (WHO, 2003)


mucinous adenocarcinoma

An invasive adenocarcinoma composed of malignant glandular cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. Often, the infiltrating glandular structures are associated with mucoid stromal formation. It may arise from the large and small intestine, appendix, stomach, lung, ovary, breast, corpus uteri, cervix, vagina, and salivary gland.


corneal intraepithelial neoplasm

A squamous cell intraepithelial neoplasia that involves the cornea.


moderately-differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma


bladder signet ring cell adenocarcinoma

A signet ring cell carcinoma that involves the urinary bladder.


ureter transitional cell carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the transitional epithelium of the ureter. It is associated with tobacco use and usually presents with gross or microscopic hematuria.


vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia

Intraepithelial neoplasia of the vulvar squamous epithelium. There is no evidence of invasion. This category includes vulvar high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, differentiated type.


vulvar adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the vulva. Representative examples include Bartholin gland adenocarcinoma, eccrine adenocarcinoma, apocrine adenocarcinoma, and sebaceous carcinoma.


trabecular adenocarcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of a trabecular glandular architectural pattern.


ovarian carcinoma

A malignant neoplasm originating from the surface ovarian epithelium. It accounts for the greatest number of deaths from malignancies of the female genital tract and is the fifth leading cause of cancer fatalities in women. It is predominantly a disease of older white women of northern European extraction, but it is seen in all ages and ethnic groups. Adenocarcinomas constitute the vast majority of ovarian carcinomas. The pattern of metastatic spread in ovarian carcinoma is similar regardless of the microscopic type. The most common sites of involvement are the contralateral ovary, peritoneal cavity, para-aortic and pelvic lymph nodes, and liver. Lung and pleura are the most common sites of extra-abdominal spread. The primary form of therapy is surgical. The overall prognosis of ovarian carcinoma remains poor, a direct result of its rapid growth rate and the lack of early symptoms. --2002


microcystic adenoma

A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a microcystic pattern. The cystic spaces are lined by small cuboidal cells without evidence of significant cytologic atypia.


papillary squamous carcinoma

A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary, exophytic growth pattern and hyperkeratosis. The most commonly affected anatomic sites are the larynx, penis, cervix, vagina, and vulva.


hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma

A manifestation of von Hippel-Lindau disease or other familial renal cell cancer syndromes that present as a malignant epithelial neoplasm of the kidney. It is characterized by the presence of lipid-containing clear cells within a vascular network. The tumor usually is bilateral and polycentric, and metastasizes to unusual sites. Late metastasis is common.


basaloid carcinoma of the penis

An aggressive, human papillomavirus-related squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis. It is characterized by the presence of nests of small malignant cells. The malignant cells tend to invade deeply into the adjacent tissues. Comedo-type necrosis is often present.


Wolffian duct adenocarcinoma

A cervical adenocarcinoma that arises from mesonephric remnants. It is usually characterized by the presence of tubular glands lined by cuboidal epithelial cells.


inverted transitional cell papilloma

A benign papillary neoplasm composed of transitional cells and characterized by an endophytic growth pattern.


large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

A usually aggressive carcinoma composed of large malignant cells which display neuroendocrine characteristics. It is characterized by the presence of high mitotic activity and necrotic changes. The vast majority of cases are positive for neuron-specific enolase. Representative examples include lung, breast, cervical, and thymic neuroendocrine carcinomas.


pleomorphic carcinoma

A usually aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of cells with significant cytologic atypia and nuclear pleomorphism.


ovarian serous adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that, in well differentiated tumors, resemble the epithelium of the fallopian tube or, in poorly differentiated tumors, show anaplastic features and marked nuclear atypia.


thymic mucoepidermoid carcinoma

A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of squamous cells, intermediate type cells, and mucus-producing cells. Published information on clinical course is limited to single-case reports.


endometrial undifferentiated carcinoma

A primary carcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of malignant cells that lack evidence of differentiation.


sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma

A rare, highly aggressive carcinoma that arises from the sinonasal tract. It is characterized by the presence of small to medium size malignant cells. The prognosis is poor.


breast adenoma

A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm that arises from the breast. Representative examples include apocrine adenoma, tubular adenoma, and pleomorphic adenoma.


prostate cancer, hereditary, 2

Any familial prostate cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ELAC2 gene.


female breast lower-outer quadrant cancer


ovarian large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells exhibiting neuroendocrine differentiation. The prognosis is poor.


vulvar basaloid squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of nests of malignant basaloid cells with a scant amount of cytoplasm.


endometrial adenosquamous carcinoma

A rare endometrial carcinoma characterized by the presence of both malignant glandular and malignant squamous cellular components.


trachea carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the trachea.


thyroid gland atypical follicular adenoma

A thyroid gland adenoma with increased cellularity and nuclear atypia. There is no capsular or vascular invasion. The clinical course is benign.


oxyphilic endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma

A primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of eosinophilic malignant glandular epithelial cells.


cervical large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

A rare, aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the cervix and is characterized by the presence of malignant cells with abundant cytoplasm, large nuclei, and prominent nucleoli.


cavernous hemangioma

A hemangioma characterized by the presence of cavernous vascular spaces.


luminal A breast carcinoma

A biologic subset of breast carcinoma defined by high expression of genes characteristic of luminal epithelial cells, including estrogen receptor (ER), estrogen regulated protein LIV-1, and the transcription factors hepatocyte nuclear factor 3, HNF3A, XBP1, and GATA 3. This subtype of breast cancer is associated with a good prognosis.


papillary cystic neoplasm

A benign, malignant, or borderline neoplasm characterized by the presence of papillary mucinous, serous, or clear cell structures and cystic structures.


ovarian seromucinous carcinoma

A malignant mixed epithelial neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is composed predominantly of serous and endocervical-type mucinous epithelium.


cervical clear cell adenocarcinoma

A rare morphologic variant of cervical adenocarcinoma composed of clear and hobnail cells. It is associated with in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES).


testicular Brenner tumor

An uncommon usually benign neoplasm that arises from the testis. It is characterized by the presence of cysts lined by transitional cells and solid nests of transitional cells in a spindle cell stroma.


endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma with spindled epithelial cells

A primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of spindled malignant epithelial cells.


Bartholin gland adenoma

A rare, benign neoplasm that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of clustered glands and tubules lined by mucin-secreting epithelial cells.


cortical thymoma

A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic large, polygonal epithelial cells with large vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. The neoplastic cells are arranged around perivascular spaces and along septa. Immature T-lymphocytes are also present. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It is a tumor of moderate malignancy. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I, stage II, or stage III tumors. Metastatic, stage IV tumors occur less frequently.


rete ovarii cystadenoma

An exceptionally rare cystadenoma that arises from the rete ovarii.


peritoneal carcinoma

A peritoneum cancer that is located in the inside of the abdomen.


central breast papilloma

A benign papillary neoplasm that arises in a large duct of the breast. It is characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular core that is lined by benign epithelial and myoepithelial proliferations. Patients usually present with nipple discharge.


undifferentiated carcinoma

A usually aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of atypical cells which do not display evidence of glandular, squamous, or transitional cell differentiation.


uterine ligament clear cell adenocarcinoma

A clear cell adenocarcinoma of the uterine ligament composed mainly of clear or hobnob cells. The clear cells are large, bizarre, and multinucleated.


bone carcinoma

A carcinoma that involves the bone element.


breast secretory carcinoma

A rare, low grade invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by the presence of cells that secrete milk-like material. Morphologically, it usually appears as a circumscribed lesion, composed of cystic spaces, tubular structures, and solid areas.


microscopic breast papilloma

A benign papillary neoplasm that arises in a terminal ductal lobular unit. It is characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular core that is lined by benign epithelial and myoepithelial proliferations. Peripheral breast papillomas are often multiple and are usually found microscopically. Patients are often asymptomatic.


endocervical type cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma

A cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells that resemble those of the endocervix.


synchronous bilateral breast carcinoma

Carcinoma that is detected in one breast within two months from the diagnosis of carcinoma in the other breast.


oncocytic adenoma

A benign neoplasm composed of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Representative examples include oncocytic adenomas of the thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, and pituitary gland.


lymph node adenoid cystic carcinoma

A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the lymph node.


non-keratinizing sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma of the sinonasal tract characterized by a plexiform or ribbon-like growth pattern, cytological atypia, and lack of histological evidence of keratinization.


cerebellar hemangioblastoma

A histologically benign tumor, usually cystic with a vascular mural nodule, that is most often found in the cerebellum though it has been reported at other sites within the neuraxis. It is associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL gene located on chr 3p25-26).


penis basal cell carcinoma

A basal cell carcinoma of the penis with an indolent clinical course. It is usually superficial and arises from the shaft and rarely the glans.


hereditary breast carcinoma

Breast carcinoma that has developed in relatives of patients with history of breast carcinoma.


periductal breast myoepitheliosis

A neoplastic process characterized by the proliferation of spindle to cuboidal myoepithelial cells around small breast ducts.


skin infiltrative basal cell carcinoma

A variant of basal cell carcinoma presenting as a pale, indurated plaque, usually in the upper trunk or face. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of strands, cords, and columns of basaloid cells infiltrating the dermis. Perineural invasion may be present and the basaloid cell infiltrate may extend into deeper tissues.


giant hemangioma

A cavernous hemangioma characterized by the presence of hylanized vascular channels and is often associated with the presence of calcifications, fibrosis, and hemorrhage.


urethra adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the urethra


hypercalcemic type ovarian small cell carcinoma

An undifferentiated small cell carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is associated with hypercalcemia. Electron microscopic studies show neurosecretory granules are either absent or, when present, are in small numbers.


eyelid carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the eyelid.


invasive carcinoma

A carcinoma that is not confined to the epithelium, and has spread to the surrounding stroma.


infiltrating renal pelvis/ureter urothelial carcinoma

Infiltrating urothelial carcinoma that affects the renal pelvis and ureter.


ovarian papillary tumor

A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of papillary proliferations. Representative examples include surface papilloma, borderline serous surface papillary tumor, and serous surface papillary adenocarcinoma.


pulmonary type ovarian small cell carcinoma

An aggressive small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the ovary. Morphologically, it resembles the small cell carcinoma that arises from the lung.


scrotal hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the skin of the scrotum.


ovarian serous surface papillary adenocarcinoma

A serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of a papillary architectural pattern.


epididymal adenocarcinoma

A rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the epididymis. It usually presents as a scrotal mass and may be associated with testicular pain.


sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma

A high grade carcinoma of the kidney. It is not a distinct clinicopathological entity and includes a diverse group of renal cell carcinomas which have been transformed from a lower to a higher grade.


undifferentiated ovarian carcinoma

An aggressive carcinoma arising from the ovary. Most patients present with advanced disease. Microscopically, it is characterized by significant cytologic atypia, increased mitotic activity, and necrosis. The prognosis is usually poor.


bladder small cell carcinoma

A bladder carcinoma that is characterized as an undifferentiated neoplasm composed of primitive-appearing cells.


vulvar squamous neoplasm

A benign, precancerous, or malignant neoplasm that arises from the squamous epithelium of the vulva. Representative examples include vestibular papilloma, intraepithelial neoplasia, and squamous cell carcinoma.


superficial urinary bladder carcinoma

A term used by urologists to describe an infiltrating carcinoma of the bladder that has not invaded into the muscularis propria of the bladder wall regardless of histologic type or grade.


familial prostate carcinoma

Prostate carcinoma that has developed in relatives of patients with a history of prostate carcinoma.


primary prostate urothelial carcinoma

An urothelial carcinoma that arises from the urothelial lining of the prostatic ducts or the prostatic urethra.


hereditary papillary renal cell carcinoma

A familial carcinoma inherited in an autosomal dominant trait. It is characterized by the development of multiple, bilateral papillary renal cell carcinomas. The carcinomas range from microscopic lesions to clinically symptomatic tumors. It is associated with activating mutations of the MET oncogene.


lacrimal gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma

An extremely rare carcinoma that arises from the lacrimal gland. It is characterized by the presence of infiltrating nests of epidermoid cells and mucus producing cells.


primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises centrally from the jaw. It derives from odontogenic epithelial remnants. It includes solid type squamous cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma that arises from an odontogenic cyst, and squamous cell carcinoma that derives from a keratocystic odontogenic tumor.


bladder colloid adenocarcinoma

A rare primary adenocarcinoma of the bladder. Histologically it is characterized by malignant cells floating in pools of mucin.


Bartholin gland transitional cell carcinoma

A rare carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of malignant urothelial-type epithelial cells.


endometrial transitional cell carcinoma

A rare primary carcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells resembling urothelial transitional cells. The malignant transitional cells constitute at least 90% of the tumor cells.


bilateral breast carcinoma

Carcinoma that affects both breasts in a simultaneous or non-simultaneous manner.


urinary bladder small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

A highly aggressive carcinoma, histologically resembling small cell lung carcinoma. In most cases it is associated with carcinoma in situ.


conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasm

A precancerous neoplastic intraepithelial process involving the conjunctival squamous epithelium.


ductal eccrine adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from eccrine glands.


Buschke Lowenstein tumor

A verrucous carcinoma of the skin or mucosa that occurs in the anogenital region.


subglottic hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the subglottic area.


vulvar keratoacanthoma-like carcinoma

A rapidly growing squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva. It is self-limited and is characterized by the presence of a central crater that contains squamous cells. The proliferating squamous cells infiltrate the dermis below and produce keratin masses that are pushed towards the surface of the tumor.


mucinous ovarian cystadenoma

A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by mucinous columnar epithelial cells.


vaginal squamous tumor

A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the squamous epithelium of the vagina. Representative examples include condyloma acuminatum, squamous papilloma, and squamous cell carcinoma.


seminal vesicle adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the seminal vesicle


papilloma of eyelid

A papilloma that involves the eyelid.


vulvar sebaceous carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the vulva. It is characterized by the presence of malignant basaloid glandular epithelial cells that resemble sebaceous epithelium and are arranged in cords and nests.


verrucous hemangioma

A skin hemangioma characterized by the presence of epidermal hyperplasia.


extra-adrenal sympathetic paraganglioma

A benign or malignant sympathetic paraganglioma arising from paraganglia outside the adrenal gland. Clinical symptoms are related to secretion of catecholamines. Representative examples include the superior and inferior paraaortic and bladder paragangliomas.


thymus squamous cell carcinoma

A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of keratinizing or non-keratinizing malignant squamous cells. Approximately 10-20% of cases occur in combination with thymoma. The prognosis depends on the tumor stage and the degree of cellular differentiation.


retinal hemangioblastoma

A hemangioblastoma that arises from the retina. It is typically a sign of von Hippel-Lindau disease. It may also be seen as an isolated entity without systemic involvement.


papillary cystadenoma

A serous or mucinous benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures.


mucin-rich endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma


salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma

A carcinoma of the salivary gland characterized by serous acinar cell differentiation. The vast majority of cases occur in the parotid gland. It usually presents as a slowly enlarging mass. A minority of patients experience pain. It may recur or metastasize. Multiple recurrences and metastasis to cervical lymph nodes are usually associated with a poor prognosis.


lacrimal gland adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the lacrimal gland


secondary carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from a pre-existing lower grade epithelial lesion, or as a result of a primary carcinoma that has spread to secondary sites, or due to a complication of a cancer treatment.


Wyburn-Mason syndrome

Wyburn-Mason syndrome or Bonnet-Dechaume-Blanc syndrome is characterized by the association of arteriovenous malformations of the maxilla, retina, optic nerve, thalamus, hypothalamus and cerebral cortex.


mucinous cystadenofibroma

A benign neoplasm characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by mucinous columnar epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma.


familial parathyroid adenoma

An instance of parathyroid gland adenoma that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome.


acinar cell carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the acinar cell


scirrhous adenocarcinoma

An infiltrating adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of desmoplastic stromal reaction.


bone ameloblastoma

A ameloblastoma that involves the bone tissue.


A neoplastic process that affects the squamous epithelium of the cervix. It is classified as cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia 1, 2, or 3, according to the degree of squamous cell maturation and cellular atypia, and the number of mitotic figures.


breast apocrine carcinoma in situ

A ductal breast carcinoma in situ, characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells with apocrine differentiation.


pituitary gland mixed eosinophil-basophil adenoma

An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic and basic dyes.


squamous cell intraepithelial neoplasia

A precancerous neoplastic intraepithelial process involving the squamous epithelium.


nasal cavity and paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma

A rare, keratinizing or non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma arising from the mucosal epithelium of the nasal cavity or the paranasal sinuses. It affects most often the maxillary sinus. Less frequently, it arises from the nasal cavity, ethmoid sinus, sphenoid sinus, and frontal sinus. Symptoms include nasal fullness, epistaxis, rhinorhea, pain, and paresthesia. Patients with nasal squamous cell carcinoma usually present earlier than patients with maxillary sinus carcinoma and have a better prognosis compared to the latter group.


warty dyskeratoma

A rare, usually solitary, benign epithelial tumor of the skin that appears to arise from a hair follicle. It usually develops in the head and neck region as a nodular lesion with a central keratotic plug.


infiltrating ureter transitional cell carcinoma


basal cell carcinoma

A carcinoma involving the basal cells.


benign epithelial skin neoplasm

A form of epithelial skin neoplasm without malignant characteristics.


cystic, mucinous, and serous neoplasm

Neoplasms containing cyst-like formations or producing mucin or serum.


bladder squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder arising from metaplastic epithelium. It represents less than 10% of bladder carcinomas. The exception is the Middle East along the Nile Valley, where it represents the most common form of carcinoma because of the endemic nature of schistosomiasis. Bladder squamous cell carcinoma is often associated with long-standing chronic inflammation of the bladder and usually has a poor prognosis. The diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder should be reserved for those tumors that are predominantly keratin forming.


partially involuting congenital hemangioma

A clinical subtype of congenital hemangioma that begins as a rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH) but fails to completely involute and persists as a non-involuting congenital hemangioma (NICH)-like lesion


large cell keratinizing variant squamous cell breast carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the breast parenchyma and is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells that exhibit keratinization.


clear cell papillary cystadenoma

A benign cystic glandular epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic clear or hobnail cells which form papillary structures. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.


lobular neoplasia

A spectrum of non-invasive neoplastic lesions that arise from the terminal ductal lobular units of the breast. There is atypical small epithelial cell proliferation. Pagetoid involvement of the terminal ducts may or may not be present. In the minority of cases, there is a risk for subsequent development of invasive ductal or invasive lobular carcinoma.


uterus carcinoma in situ

A carcinoma in situ involving a uterus.


endometrial clear cell adenocarcinoma

A clear cell adenocarcinoma that involves the endometrium.


skin fibroepithelial basal cell carcinoma

A variant of basal cell carcinoma presenting as an elevated or erythematous nodular lesion usually in the back. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of cords of basaloid cells extending from the epidermis into the dermis, creating a fenestrating pattern. It follows an indolent course.


sphenoidal sinus cancer

A malignant neoplasm involving the sphenoidal sinus.


villous adenoma

An epithelial neoplasm morphologically characterized by the presence of a villous architectural pattern. Most often it occurs in the large intestine, small intestine, and the stomach in which the neoplastic epithelial cells show dysplastic features. It may also arise in the urinary bladder, urethra, and vagina.


bladder papillary urothelial neoplasm

A papillary epithelial neoplasm that involves the urinary bladder urothelium.


external ear squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the skin of the external ear.


squamous cell breast carcinoma

A rare carcinoma that arises from the breast parenchyma and is entirely composed of squamous cells.


malignant myoepithelioma

An infiltrating malignant tumor characterized by the presence of atypical cells with myoepithelial differentiation. Representative examples include malignant breast myoepithelioma and salivary gland myoepithelial carcinoma.


prostate cancer, hereditary, 13

Any familial prostate cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MSMB gene.


spindle cell hemangioma

Spindle cell hemangioma (SCH), also known as spindle cell hemangioendothelioma, is a rare benign vascular tumor either solitary or multiple, characterized by cavernous blood vessels separated by spindle cells reminiscent of those in KaposiBs sarcoma and located in the dermis and subcutis.


breast myoepithelial tumor

A benign or malignant tumor that arises from the breast and originates from or is composed of myoepithelial cells. Representative examples include adenomyoepithelioma, myoepitheliosis, and malignant myoepithelioma.


breast ductal adenoma

A benign, well circumscribed neoplasm that is located within the lumen of a duct in the breast parenchyma. It is characterized by the presence of glandular structures at the periphery and fibrous tissue at the center of the tumor.


breast malignant eccrine spiradenoma

A rare tumor characterized by malignant transformation of an eccrine spiradenoma of the breast.


Bartholin gland adenosquamous carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells and malignant squamous epithelial cells.


large cell carcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of large, atypical cells.


prostate squamous cell carcinoma

An invasive prostate carcinoma characterized by the presence of squamous differentiation of the malignant cellular infiltrate. There is no evidence of glandular differentiation.


osteosarcoma arising in bone Paget disease

A sarcomatous transformation of pre-existing Paget disease of the bone. Osteosarcomas arising from Paget disease of the bone are high grade lesions and usually have a poor prognosis.


renal cell adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma arising from the renal parenchyma. There is a strong correlation between cigarette smoking and the development of renal cell carcinoma. The clinical presentation includes : hematuria, flank pain and a palpable lumbar mass. A high percentage of renal cell carcinomas are diagnosed when an ultrasound is performed for other purposes. Radical nephrectomy is the standard intervention procedure. Renal cell carcinoma is generally considered to be resistant to radiation treatment and chemotherapy.


rete ovarii adenocarcinoma

An exceptionally rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the rete ovarii.


kidney oncocytoma

A benign tumor of the kidney, characterized by the presence of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. The majority of these tumors are discovered incidentally, during work-up of other conditions.


ovarian clear cell tumor

A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the ovary that is characterized by a predominance of clear and hobnail cells.


mucinous cystadenoma

A benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm composed of cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It may arise from the ovary, pancreas, appendix, and lung.


thymic basaloid carcinoma

A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of tumor cell lobules with peripheral palisading, and a basophilic staining pattern. More than half of reported cases were associated with the presence of a multilocular thymic cyst. Metastases to lung and liver have been reported in approximately 30% of cases.


thyroid gland macrofollicular adenoma

A thyroid gland adenoma composed of large size follicles.


non-involuting congenital hemangioma

Non-involuting congenital hemangioma (NICH) is a rare type of infantile hemangioma, which is a tumor that forms from the abnormal growth of blood vessels in the skin. NICH looks like an oval,purplish mark or bump that can occur on any part of the body. NICH is present from birth (congenital) and increases in size as the child grows. Unlike other hemangiomas, NICH do not disappear spontaneously (involute).


ceruminous carcinoma

An infiltrating adenocarcinoma derived from ceruminous glands in the external auditory canal.


ovarian small cell carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of small malignant cells. It includes small cell carcinoma, hypercalcemic type and small cell carcinoma, pulmonary type.


noninvasive malignant thymoma

A morphologically malignant thymoma that is entirely confined within the capsule.


basaloid squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, scant amount of cytoplasm, and peripheral nuclear palisading.


bladder carcinoma in situ

Also known as carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder or high grade intraurothelial neoplasia, this is a flat lesion of the transitional cell epithelium characterized by severe cytologic atypia. This lesion is confined to the urothelium, and is a precursor of invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Stage 0is includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ: "flat tumor". N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


benign mesonephroma

A benign epithelial neoplasm of the female reproductive system arising from mesonephric remnants.


papillary carcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern. A papillary carcinoma may be composed of glandular cells (papillary adenocarcinoma), squamous cells (papillary squamous cell carcinoma), or transitional cells (papillary transitional cell carcinoma). Bladder carcinoma is a representative example of papillary transitional cell carcinoma.


non-invasive verrucous carcinoma of the penis


urothelial papilloma

A rare benign condition, characterized by a papillary growth in the urinary tract with a central fibrovascular core. The latter is lined by normal urothelium.


adenoid cystic carcinoma of the corpus uteri

A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the body of uterus.


bone epithelioid hemangioma

A locally aggressive hemangioma that arises from the bone. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells.


plantar verrucous skin carcinoma

A verrucous carcinoma that involves the plantar part of pes.


benign basal cell neoplasm

A neoplasm composed of basal cells that remains localized and does not metastasize to other anatomic sites.


breast epithelioid hemangioma

A hemangioma characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells, arising from the breast.


paranasal sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma

A rare adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the paranasal sinuses. It usually has an aggressive clinical course characterized by high recurrence rates and distant metastases.


breast mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

An invasive breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of tall columnar neoplastic cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin. Grossly, cystic changes are identified.


carcinoma of Cowper glands

A carcinoma that involves the bulbo-urethral gland.


non-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma

Stage 0 includes: 0a (Ta, N0, M0); 0is (Tis, N0, M0). Ta: Noninvasive papillary carcinoma. Tis: Carcinoma in situ: "flat tumor". N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


breast large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

A poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the breast. It is characterized by the presence of large neuroendocrine cells and high mitotic activity.


chromophil adenoma of the kidney

A controversial term, used for renal papillary lesions which measure 1cm or less in diameter and contain small, regular nuclei.


clear cell squamous cell skin carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma of the skin with a prominent clear cell component.


sclerosing breast papilloma

A breast papilloma characterized by the presence of predominant sclerosing architectural features.


labia majora carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the labia majora.


frontal sinus Schneiderian papilloma

A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the frontal sinus. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma.


ovarian mucinous cystadenofibroma

A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by mucinous columnar epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma.


intramuscular hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from skeletal muscle.


retroperitoneum carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the retroperitoneal space.


papilloma of buccal mucosa

A papilloma that involves the buccal mucosa.


cavernous hemangioma of orbit

A cavernous hemangioma arising from the orbit.


endometrial small cell carcinoma

A primary carcinoma of the endometrium that is similar to the small cell carcinoma of the lung, histologically.


serous adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that is characterized by the presence of papillary patterns and cellular budding. Psammoma bodies may be present. Representative examples include cervical serous adenocarcinoma, endometrial serous adenocarcinoma, ovarian serous adenocarcinoma, and primary peritoneal serous adenocarcinoma.


skin lymphangioma

A lymphangioma arising from the skin.


isolated optic nerve hypoplasia

A congenital abnormality characterized by the underdevelopment of both optic nerves.


ovarian adenoma benign

A benign adenoma of ovary


thymic epithelial neoplasm

An epithelial neoplasm that affects the thymus gland. This category includes thymomas and carcinomas.


skin epithelioid hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the skin. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells.


familial keratoacanthoma

Multiple familial keratoacanthoma (KA) of Witten and Zak is a rare a rare inherited skin cancer syndrome and is characterized by the coexistence of features characteristic of both multiple KA, Ferguson Smith type and generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma, such as multiple small miliary-type lesions, larger self-healing lesions, and nodulo-ulcerative lesions. Lesions do not have a predilection for the mucosal surfaces. Transmission is autosomal dominant.


cystadenoma

A benign or borderline cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. The epithelial cells line the cystic spaces which contain serous or mucinous fluid. Representative examples include ovarian and pancreatic cystadenomas.


tubulovillous adenoma

An epithelial neoplasm morphologically characterized by the presence of a villous and a tubular architectural pattern. Most often it occurs in the large intestine, small intestine, and the stomach in which the neoplastic epithelial cells show dysplastic features.


cervical keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma

A variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of keratin pearls. Intercellular bridges and cytoplasmic keratinization are usually present.


thymic undifferentiated carcinoma

A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by an undifferentiated solid tumor growth, without associated sarcomatoid features.


signet ring basal cell carcinoma

A rare type of basal cell carcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of mucin containing signet ring cells.


hormone receptor-positive breast cancer

A breast carcinoma which is positive for expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and is negative for expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).


renal pelvis papillary tumor

A papillary tumor originating in the renal pelvis.


ovarian Brenner tumor

A benign, borderline, or malignant transitional cell neoplasm arising from the ovary. It constitutes between 1% and 2% of all ovarian neoplasms. The average age at presentation is about 50 years. Grossly it is usually unilateral, firm and white or yellowish. Microscopically it consists of solid and cystic nests of epithelial cells resembling transitional epithelium surrounded by an abundant stromal component of dense, fibroblastic nature.


squamous cell carcinoma of the corpus uteri

A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the body of uterus.


syringocystadenoma papilliferum

A benign adnexal neoplasm occurring during childhood or adolescence. It usually presents as a papular lesion or a plaque on the head and neck. It may arise in an organoid nevus such as sebaceous. It is characterized by an endophytic invagination of the epithelium into the dermis. There are dermal cystic spaces present, containing villous projections. Complete excision is curative.


cortisol-producing adrenal cortex adenoma

An adenoma of the adrenal cortex that produces cortisol. It may be associated with Cushing syndrome. Clinical presentation includes weight gain, round face, easy bruising, muscle weakness, emotional changes, hirsutism, and hypertension.


in situ carcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm which is confined to the epithelial layer without evidence of further tissue invasion.


basosquamous carcinoma

A basal cell carcinoma which displays squamous differentiation. The neoplastic cells have more abundant cytoplasm with more marked keratinization than typical basal cell carcinomas. It usually has a more aggressive clinical course compared to typical basal cell carcinoma, and it may produce regional or widespread metastases.


eyelid capillary hemangioma

A capillary hemangioma arising from the eyelid.


adrenocortical carcinoma, hereditary

An instance of adrenal cortex carcinoma that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome.


vaginal squamous papilloma

A benign papillary neoplasm that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular stalk lined by normal squamous epithelium. There is no evidence of atypia or relation to human papillomavirus.


endocervical adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the endocervix. It is the most common type of endocervical adenocarcinoma. The neoplastic epithelium shows a pseudostratified architecture and the malignant cells have enlarged, elongated, and hyperchromatic nuclei.


fallopian tube squamous cell carcinoma

A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube.


carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma

A carcinoma arising in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma. It most often occurs in the parotid gland and less often in the submandibular gland and minor salivary gland. Patients usually present with a history of a long-standing mass which recently had undergone rapid growth. The prognosis depends on the invasiveness of the malignant component. Patients with non-invasive or minimally invasive tumors usually have a good prognosis following surgical resection. Invasive tumors are usually aggressive and are associated with recurrences and metastases.


chromophobe renal cell carcinoma

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma, originating from the intercalating cells of the collecting ducts and macroscopically manifesting as a well-circumscribed, highly lobulated, solid tumor that is usually diagnosed at an early stage. It is frequently asymptomatic, or may present with nonspecific symptoms, such as weight loss, fever or fatigue. The classic presentation observed in renal tumors (hematuria, flank pain and palpable mass) is occasionally observed and usually indicates an advanced stage of the disease. It is most frequently sporadic however, several familial cases, associated with Birt-Hogg DubC) syndrome, have been described.


sarcomatoid penile squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis and is characterized by the presence of malignant spindle-shaped cells.


mesonephric adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma of the cervix or the vagina arising from mesonephric remnants.


PAX6-related ocular dysgenesis

Any eye disorder in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PAX6 gene.


trichoblastoma

A benign hair follicle neoplasm with trichoblastic differentiation. It usually presents as a solitary papular lesion It most often presents on the head and neck area, but it may develop in any anatomic site containing hair follicles. Because of its benign nature, treatment usually is not required, provided that the diagnosis has been established with certainty.


adenocarcinoma in situ

A lesion in which the normally situated glands are partially or completely replaced by atypical cells with malignant characteristics.


mucinous ovarian cancer

An invasive malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin and may resemble the epithelial cells of the endocervix or gastrointestinal tract. It includes mucinous adenocarcinoma and mucinous adenocarcinofibroma.


lymphangioendothelioma

A lymphangioma characterized by the presence of collagen bundle formation. It has an indolent clinical course and may be associated with skin plaques.


acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma

Acquired cystic disease-associated renal cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma, ocurring in the context of end-stage kidney disease and acquired cystic kidney disease, characterized by a usually well circumscribed, solid, multifocal, bilateral tumor with inter- or intracellular microlumen formation (leading to cribiform architecture). Tumors are often diagnosed incidentally in early stages, although complications caused by renal cysts (dull flank or abdominal pain, fever) or renal parenchymal bleeding may mask the underlying neoplastic process. Most have an indolent behavior.


Bartholin gland adenoid cystic carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of islands of uniform malignant cells forming cribriform patterns.


vaginal squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the vagina. Human papillomavirus infection is associated with the development of vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Signs and symptoms include painless bleeding, postcoital bleeding, and urinary tract symptoms. Morphologically it resembles squamous cell carcinomas in other anatomic sites. Radiation therapy is the preferred treatment for most cases. The prognosis is related to the stage of the disease.


malignant ovarian serous tumor

An invasive malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that, in well differentiated tumors, resemble the epithelium of the fallopian tube or, in poorly differentiated tumors, show anaplastic features and marked nuclear atypia. It includes serous adenocarcinoma and serous adenocarcinofibroma.


estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer

A subtype of breast cancer that is estrogen-receptor positive


well-differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma


benign breast adenomyoepithelioma

A benign, nodular tumor that arises from the breast parenchyma. It is characterized by the proliferation of myoepithelial cells around spaces that are lined by epithelial cells. Occasionally, adenomyoepitheliomas may undergo malignant transformation.


intraductal breast myoepitheliosis

A neoplastic process characterized by the proliferation of spindle to cuboidal myoepithelial cells within small breast ducts.


mandibular arteriovenous malformation

Mandibular arteriovenous malformation is a rare vascular anomaly characterized by an abnormal connection of the arterial and venous vasculature, without capillary connections, in the mandibular area, commonly presenting with minor gingival bleeding, dental loosening, lower lip numbness, facial deformity and malocclusion. This usually high-flow vascular malformation may also present with potentially life-threatening, spontaneous, or tooth extraction-induced, hemorrhagic shock.


glomeruloid hemangioma

A hemangioma associated with Castleman disease and POEMS syndrome. The lesions affect the trunk and extremities and present as erythematous papules. (WHO 2018)


diffuse lymphatic malformation

A rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by multifocal dilated lymphatic vessels involving multiple organs and tissues. Patients mostly present in infancy and childhood. Clinical course and prognosis depend on the affected sites and extent of the condition, deterioration of lung function being a major cause of morbidity and mortality.


arteriovenous malformations of the brain

Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a congenital malformative communication between the veins and the arteries in the brain in the form of a nidus, an anatomical structure composed of dilated and tangled supplying arterioles and drainage veins with no intervening capillary bed, that can be asymptomatic or cause, depending on the location and the size of the AVM, headaches of varying severity, generalized or focal seizures, focalneurological defects (weakness, numbness, speech difficulties, vision loss) or potentially fatal intracranial hemorrhage in case the AVM ruptures.


fallopian tube clear cell adenocarcinoma

A rare adenocarcinoma of the fallopian tube composed of malignant glandular epithelium containing clear cells.


bladder diffuse clear cell adenocarcinoma

A rare morphologic variant of bladder adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells and clear cells forming a diffuse pattern.


water-clear cell adenoma

A rare parathyroid gland adenoma composed of neoplastic cells with abundant cytoplasm. The cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells is usually not entirely clear, and is often variably vacuolated, foamy, and granular.


generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma

Generalized eruptive keratoacanthoma (GEKA) is rare variant of keratoacanthoma (KA) that affects the skin and mucous membranes and which is characterized by a sudden generalized eruption of severely pruritic, hundreds to thousands of small follicular papules, often with a central keratotic plug.


vulvar carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the mammalian vulva


juvenile breast papillomatosis

A benign, usually solitary, well circumscribed multicystic neoplasm that arises from the breast and typically affects young females. The cysts are lined by papillary proliferations that contain epithelial and myoepithelial layers. In a minority of cases, atypia may be present.


cervical serous adenocarcinoma

A rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of papillary patterns and cellular budding. Psammoma bodies are often seen.


choroid plexus papilloma

Papilloma of the choroid plexus is a rare benign type of choroid plexus tumor, accounting for 1% of all brain tumors, often occurring in the fourth ventricle (in adults) and the lateral ventricle (in children) but sometimes arising ectopically in the brain parenchyma, and presenting with nausea, vomiting, papilledema, abnormal eye movements, as well as enlarged head circumference, seizures and gait impairment due to an increase in intracranial pressure.


pituitary gland basophil adenoma

An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with basic dyes.


renal pelvis inverted papilloma

A neoplasm of the renal pelvis in which the epithelial cells grow downward into the underlying supportive tissue.


head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from any of the following anatomic sites: lip and oral cavity, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, and salivary glands.


paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal epithelial surface of the ethmoid, frontal, maxillary, or sphenoid sinus. Patients may present with nasal fullness, obstruction, and/or epistaxis.


vaginal adenoid cystic carcinoma

An adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the vagina. Myoepithelial cells are usually not present.


metatypical basal cell carcinoma

A skin carcinoma displaying cytological characteristics intermediate to nodular basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.


eye carcinoma in situ

A carcinoma in situ involving a eye.


ovarian surface papilloma

A benign serous neoplasm characterized by the presence of papillary proliferations on the surface of the ovary.


skin basaloid carcinoma

A basaloid squamous cell carcinoma that involves the zone of skin.


Ehrlich tumor carcinoma

A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms.


vulvar eccrine adenocarcinoma

An eccrine adenocarcinoma that arises from the sweat glands in the vulva.


skin adenoid basal cell carcinoma

A variant of basal cell carcinoma morphologically characterized by the presence of thin strands of basaloid cells forming a reticulate pattern.


female breast lower-inner quadrant cancer


urethra transitional cell carcinoma

A transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the male or female urethra.


capillary lymphangioma

A lymphangioma that involves the capillary.


Paget disease

A malignant neoplasm composed of large cells with large nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and abundant pale cytoplasm (Paget cells). Paget cell neoplasms include Paget disease of the nipple and extramammary Paget disease which may affect the vulva, penis, anus, skin and scrotum.


cervical mullerian papilloma

A rare, benign, papillary neoplasm that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of a fibrovascular core covered by mucinous epithelial cells.


bladder urachal adenocarcinoma

A adenocarcinoma that involves the urachus.


cervical adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma arising from the cervical epithelium. It accounts for approximately 15% of invasive cervical carcinomas. Increased numbers of sexual partners and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection are risk factors. Grossly, advanced cervical adenocarcinoma may present as an exophytic mass, an ulcerated lesion, or diffuse cervical enlargement. Microscopically, the majority of cervical adenocarcinomas are of the endocervical (mucinous) type.


acquired hemangioma

A hemangioma that is not present at birth but develops later in life.


desmoplastic ameloblastoma

An ameloblastoma with prominent desmoplastic stroma that causes compression of the neoplastic epithelial islands.


infundibulocystic basal cell carcinoma

A rare type of basal cell carcinoma. It is characterized by multiple tiny cysts lined by infundibular epithelium.


ovarian serous tumor

A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that, in well differentiated tumors, resemble the epithelial cells of the fallopian tube and, in poorly differentiated tumors, show anaplastic features. Approximately thirty to fifty percent of the tumors are bilateral. Grossly, the better differentiated tumors consist of cystic masses, usually unilocular, containing a clear but sometimes viscous fluid. Papillary formations are often present. The more malignant tumors tend to be solid and invasive, with areas of necrosis and hemorrhage.


endocervical carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the endocervix.


carcinoma arising in nasal papillomatosis

A rare squamous cell carcinoma that either arises from or is associated with the presence of inverted papilloma in the nose.


papillary transitional cell carcinoma

A non-invasive or invasive transitional cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern. It may occur in the bladder or the renal pelvis.


lacrimal gland squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the lacrimal gland.


carcinoma in situ of renal pelvis

A in situ carcinoma that involves the renal pelvis.


villoglandular endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma

A primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of numerous finger-like villi lined by neoplastic columnar cells.


ureter urothelial papilloma

A benign epithelial neoplasm that produces visible warty projections from the epithelial surface of the ureter.


epithelial skin neoplasm

A epithelial neoplasm that involves the zone of skin.


uterine carcinoma

A carcinoma involving a uterus.


aldosterone-producing adrenal cortex adenoma

An adenoma of the adrenal cortex that produces aldosterone. It may be associated with Conn syndrome. Clinical presentation includes hypertension, hypokalemia, and muscle weakness.


thymic large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma

An aggressive, non-small cell, poorly differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma, characterized by the presence of a high mitotic rate and, almost always, necrosis.


renal pelvis adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the renal pelvis


mucin-producing carcinoma

A carcinoma that produces mucin.


signet ring cell carcinoma

A usually aggressive, poorly differentiated invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells in which the nucleus is pressed to one side by the presence of intracytoplasmic mucus. It may arise from the stomach, small and large intestine, ampulla of Vater, appendix, gallbladder, pancreas, lung, bladder, breast, and prostate gland.


adenosquamous prostate carcinoma

An infrequent invasive carcinoma of the prostate gland characterized by the presence of both glandular and squamous neoplastic components. It is more often located in the transitional zone of the prostate gland and it tends to rapidly metastasize to the bones.


intra-abdominal hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from organs within the abdominal cavity.


bladder urothelial papilloma

A benign neoplasm of the bladder that involves the transitional epithelium projecting above the surrounding epithelial surface and consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma.


urinary bladder carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the urinary bladder


acantholytic variant squamous cell breast carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the breast parenchyma and is characterized by cellular discohesion resulting in a pseudoangiosarcomatous pattern.


malignant hemangioma

A malignant form of hemangioma.


intraductal papillomatosis

A neoplastic process characterized by the presence of multiple intraductal papillomas.


parathyroid gland clear cell adenoma

A parathyroid gland adenoma composed predominantly of neoplastic cells with clear cytoplasm.


human papillomavirus-related squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma associated with the presence of human papillomavirus infection.


ovarian endometrioid cystadenoma

A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by endometrial-type well-differentiated cells.


vaginal mullerian papilloma

A benign papilloma that arises from the vagina in infants and young women.


cornea squamous cell carcinoma

A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the cornea.


lacrimal gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma

A carcinoma arising in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma in the lacrimal gland.


pseudovascular skin squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma of the skin histologically resembling a vascular tumor due to extreme acantholysis.


frontal sinus inverted papilloma

A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the frontal sinus. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma.


malignant type AB thymoma

A type AB thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.


primary peritoneal carcinoma

A rare carcinoma that arises from the peritoneum and resembles the malignant surface epithelial-stromal tumors that arise from the ovary. Serous adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic variant. It affects women almost exclusively. The diagnosis of primary peritoneal carcinoma can be made only if both ovaries are not involved by tumor, or, if the ovaries are involved, the tumor is confined to the ovarian surface without invasion of the ovarian stroma and the peritoneal involvement is greater than the ovarian surface involvement.


cutaneous mucoepidermoid carcinoma

A mucoepidermoid carcinoma that involves the zone of skin.


comedocarcinoma

A high grade carcinoma characterized by the presence of comedo-type of tumor cell necrosis in which the necrotic areas are surrounded by a solid proliferation of malignant pleomorphic cells.


tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma

Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma is an extremely rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma most frequently characterized by a small, solitary, well-circumscribed, unencapsulated renal tumor composed of multiple small to medium-sized cysts with a white or gray, spongy ("bubble wrap-like") cut surface. Patients are usually asymptomatic or could manifest with abdominal pain, abdominal distension and/or hematuria. Progression, recurrence and metastasis rarely occur although lymph node, bone, pleura and liver mestatsis have been reported.


deep hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the deep soft tissues.


brain stem hemangioblastoma

A hemangioblastoma that involves the brainstem.


acantholytic squamous cell skin carcinoma

A histologic variant of squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the skin. It is characterized by loosening of the intercellular bridges between the malignant cells which results in acantholysis.


hemangioma of orbit

A hemangioma arising from the orbit.


cherry hemangioma

A capillary hemangioma of the skin, presenting as a red papular lesion.


non-invasive bladder papillary urothelial neoplasm

A papillary neoplasm of the urinary bladder in which the transitional cells form papillae. The papillary structures exhibit minimal architectural distortion and minimal atypia. Mitoses are infrequent. Patients are at an increased risk of developing new papillary lesions. Occasionally, the new lesions are urothelial carcinomas.


mucinous adenofibroma

A benign adenofibroma characterized by the presence of epithelial cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin and a fibrotic stroma. A representative example is the ovarian mucinous adenofibroma. Cases with epithelial atypia described in the ovary lacking stromal invasion are designated as borderline mucinous adenofibromas and have a low grade malignant potential.


cervix squamous papilloma

A papilloma that arises from the squamous epithelium of the cervix.


bladder urachal urothelial carcinoma

A transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder that arises from the urachal epithelium.


adenosquamous breast carcinoma

An invasive breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of tubular and glandular neoplastic cell structures, admixed with islands of neoplastic cells showing squamous differentiation.


breast adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the breast


bladder hepatoid adenocarcinoma

A hepatoid adenocarcinoma that involves the urinary bladder.


lymphangiosarcoma

A malignant neoplasm arising from the endothelial cells of the lymphatic vessels.


hemangioma of choroid

A hemangioma that involves the optic choroid.


penis verrucous carcinoma

A slow growing, locally recurring, very well differentiated papillary squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis. It is characterized by the presence of acanthosis and hyperkeratosis. The neoplastic infiltrate extends into the underlying stroma with a pushing border. Koilocytotic atypia is not present.


progesterone-receptor negative breast cancer


bone squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the bone tissue.


female breast upper-inner quadrant cancer


invasive ductal and lobular carcinoma

An invasive ductal breast carcinoma associated with a lobular carcinomatous component. The lobular carcinomatous component may be in situ or invasive.


metastatic carcinoma

A carcinoma which has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site.


thyroid carcinoma, nonmedullary, with or without cell oxyphilia


metastatic carcinoma in the bone

A carcinoma that has spread to the bone from another, primary anatomic site. Bone is one of the most frequent sites of metastatic carcinoma. Common sites of origin include lung, breast, and prostate.


fallopian tube transitional cell carcinoma

A rare transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube.


foveal hypoplasia 1

Any foveal hypoplasia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PAX6 gene.


primary peritoneal serous adenocarcinoma

A rare, serous adenocarcinoma that diffusely involves the pelvic peritoneum seen predominantly in elderly postmenopausal women. Exclusion of serous carcinoma arising from the ovary and fimbrial end of fallopian tube is required to diagnose the above entity.


benign ovarian mucinous tumor

A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelium that resembles the epithelium of the endocervix or gastrointestinal tract. It includes mucinous adenofibroma, mucinous cystadenofibroma, and mucinous cystadenoma.


chest wall parachordoma

A parachordoma arising from the chest wall.


oncocytic breast carcinoma

A rare breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of neoplastic oncocytic cells. The oncocytic cells comprise more than 70 percent of the malignant cellular population.


sympathetic paraganglioma

A benign or malignant paraganglioma arising from the chromaffin cells of the paraganglia that are located along the sympathetic nerves. It includes extra-adrenal paragangliomas and paragangliomas that arise from the adrenal medulla. The latter are commonly referred to as pheochromocytomas. Representative examples of extra-adrenal sympathetic paragangliomas include the bladder, and superior and inferior paraaortic paragangliomas. Clinical signs are related to the secretion of catecholamines resulting in hypertension.


middle ear adenocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the middle ear


lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma

A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the lacrimal gland.


endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma

A primary endometrial adenocarcinoma composed of neoplastic cells that form complex glandular patterns associated with budding and branching of the neoplastic glands. The neoplastic glands resemble those of the normal endometrium and may or may not be associated with sheet-like proliferation of malignant cells. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma is the most commonly seen morphologic variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma.


benign epithelial neoplasm

A neoplasm arising from the epithelial cells. It is characterized by the absence of morphologic features associated with malignancy (severe cytologic atypia, tumor cell necrosis, and high mitotic rate). Benign epithelial neoplasms remain confined to the original site of growth and only rarely metastasize to other anatomic sites.


perineural angioma

A hemangioma arising from perineural tissues.


bladder papillary urothelial carcinoma

An invasive or non-invasive papillary transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder. It is classified as low - or high-grade. -- 2003


intraepithelial neoplasia

A precancerous neoplastic process that affects the squamous, glandular, or transitional cell epithelium without evidence of invasion. According to the degree of nuclear atypia, number of mitotic figures, and presence of architectural distortion, it is classified as low grade (mild dysplasia) or high grade (moderate or severe dysplasia).


breast lobular carcinoma

An adenocarcinoma of the breast arising from the lobules. This is a relatively uncommon carcinoma, represents approximately 10% of the breast adenocarcinomas and is often bilateral or multifocal.


intestinal type adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma arising from epithelium which has undergone intestinal metaplasia. Representative examples include gastric, gallbladder, and ampulla of Vater intestinal type adenocarcinomas.


sarcomatoid squamous cell skin carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma of the skin with a prominent spindle cell component.


thymoma, familial

An instance of thymoma (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome.


Krebs 2 carcinoma

Carcinoma having known association to krebs2 gene mutation


placental hemangioma

A hemangioma arising from the fetal blood vessels in the placental villi.


plexiform ameloblastoma

A histologic variant of solid/multicystic ameloblastoma characterized by the presence of basal cells forming anastomosing strands and cords in a delicate stroma.


angioma serpiginosum, autosomal dominant


eccrine papillary adenoma

A benign neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It is characterized by the presence of eccrine ducts in the dermis containing intraluminal papillary projections.


renal adenoma

An adenoma arising from the renal cortex.


transitional cell carcinoma of the corpus uteri

A transitional cell carcinoma that involves the body of uterus.


prostate cancer, hereditary, 1

Any familial prostate cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RNASEL gene.


angioma serpiginosum

Angioma serpiginosum (AS) is a benign congenital skin disease characterized by progressive dilation of the subepidermal skin vessels manifesting as purple punctate lesions usually appearing on the lower limbs and buttocks and following the lines of Blaschko.


endometrium carcinoma in situ

A carcinoma in situ involving a endometrium.


thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 5

Any thyroid cancer, nonmedullary in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the HABP2 gene.


ovarian mucinous adenofibroma

A benign neoplasm of the ovary characterized by the presence of glands with mucinous columnar epithelial cells in a fibrotic stroma.


growth hormone-producing pituitary gland neoplasm

An adenoma or carcinoma of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that produces growth hormone.


papillomatosis

Glandular or squamous cell neoplastic proliferations characterized by the formation of multiple papillary structures diffusely involving a specific anatomic site.


frontonasal arteriovenous malformation

Frontonasal arteriovenous malformation is a rare vascular anomaly characterized by abnormal communication between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary bed, located in the frontonasal area. It may present with intermittent nasal bleeding, blurred vision, pustule formation and/or disfigurement. Overlying skin may be of normal appearance or may manifest a red, pulsatile mass with local rise of temperature. Other features may include pain, ulceration, excessive growth and/or congestive heart failure.


combined carcinoid and adenocarcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of a mixture of neuroendocrine cells with morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of carcinoid tumor and malignant glandular cells.


papillary eccrine carcinoma

A carcinoma of the eccrine glands. It consists of dilated ducts with papillary projections.


papillary thymic adenocarcinoma

A rare primary thymic adenocarcinoma, characterized by a papillary growth pattern. There are only a few published cases, and no good data regarding prognosis.


cribriform carcinoma

A carcinoma characterized by the presence of a cribriform architectural pattern. Representative examples include the intraductal cribriform breast carcinoma and invasive cribriform breast carcinoma.


metaplastic breast carcinoma

A group of invasive breast carcinomas characterized by the presence of an adenocarcinomatous component which is admixed with a dominant component that is composed of squamous cells, spindle cells, or mesenchymal cells.


pseudoglandular squamous cell carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the formation of gland-like structures.


breast capillary hemangioma

A capillary hemangioma arising from the breast.


renal carcinoma

A carcinoma arising from the epithelium of the renal parenchyma or the renal pelvis. The majority are renal cell carcinomas. Kidney carcinomas usually affect middle aged and elderly adults. Hematuria, abdominal pain, and a palpable mass are common symptoms.


eccrine carcinoma

An adenocarcinoma with eccrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It includes the following subtypes: ductal eccrine adenocarcinoma, papillary eccrine carcinoma, and eccrine porocarcinoma.


low grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia

An intraepithelial lesion of the vulvar squamous epithelium that represents the clinical and morphological manifestation of a productive HPV infection. Low grade refers to the associated low risk of concurrent or future cancer. (WHO, 2014)


prostate intraepithelial neoplasia

A neoplastic proliferation of the epithelial cells that line the acini and the ducts of the prostate gland. The neoplastic epithelial cells are confined within the acini and the ducts and they do not invade the surrounding prostatic stroma. Morphologically, it is classified as low or high grade.


breast papillary carcinoma

A breast carcinoma characterized by the formation of irregular, finger-like projections of fibrous stroma covered with neoplastic epithelial cells.


cystic hygroma

A benign lymphatic neoplasm usually arising from the neck and characterized by cystic dilation of the lymphatic vessels.


trachea carcinoma in situ

A carcinoma that arises from the tracheal mucosa and is confined to the epithelial layer without evidence of further tissue invasion.


clear cell hidradenoma

An uncommon benign neoplasm of the sweat glands characterized by the presence of clear cells.


thymoma type B

An epithelial neoplasm arising from the thymus. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It includes thymoma type B1 which is a thymoma of low grade malignant potential, thymoma type B2 which is a thymoma of moderate malignancy, and thymoma type B3 which is also known as well differentiated thymic carcinoma.


macrocystic lymphatic malformation

A lymphangioma characterized by the presence of thin-walled cavernous lymphatic spaces.


renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocations/TFE3 gene fusions

A group of kidney carcinomas characterized by the presence of different translocations involving the chromosome Xp11.2. These translocations result in the creation of gene fusions involving the TFE3 gene. Patients are usually children and young adults. Morphologically, the malignant epithelial cells form papillary patterns.


maxillary sinus Schneiderian papilloma

A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the maxillary sinus. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma.


fallopian tube gestational choriocarcinoma

A malignant trophoblastic tumor that arises from the fallopian tube during pregnancy.


serous cystadenocarcinoma

A malignant serous cystic neoplasm usually involving the ovary or the pancreas. It is characterized by the presence of invasive malignant glandular epithelial cells which often form papillary structures.


lymphoepithelioma-like thymic carcinoma

A rare, usually aggressive primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by a syncytial growth of undifferentiated carcinoma cells and the presence of a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. More than 40% of cases are associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection.


skin carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the zone of skin


small cell carcinoma

A neuroendocrine carcinoma composed of small malignant cells which are often said to resemble "oat cells" under the microscope. Small cell carcinoma most often affects the lungs. Clinically, this is often a rapidly growing cancer that spreads to distant sites early.


squamous carcinoma in situ

A malignant epithelial neoplasm confined to the squamous epithelium, without invasion of the underlying tissues.


mixed cell adenoma

An adenoma characterized by the presence of a mixed epithelial cell population.


ovarian transitional cell carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that resemble malignant urothelial cells. There is no morphologic evidence of a benign or borderline Brenner tumor component present.


prostate cancer, hereditary, 12

Any familial prostate cancer in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the EHBP1 gene.


microinvasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma

A cervical squamous cell carcinoma with minimal stromal invasion. The risk of lymph node metastasis is low.


bartholin gland carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland. It usually affects women over fifty and presents with enlargement of the Bartholin gland. Various histologic subtypes have been identified and include adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, and small cell carcinoma.


hemangioma of peripheral nerve

A hemangioma arising from the peripheral nerves.


tufted angioma

Tufted angioma is a very rare, benign, cutaneous, slow-growing, vascular tumor mostly developing in infancy or early childhood.


thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 4

Any thyroid cancer, nonmedullary in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the FOXE1 gene.


conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma

A low-grade squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the conjunctiva. It is the most common primary malignant tumor that arises from the conjunctiva. It usually affects older white males. Excessive exposure to sunlight is a risk factor. Patients may present with a mass, red eye, or pain.


vulvar trichoepithelioma

A benign neoplasm that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of nests of monomorphic basaloid cells forming small cysts that contain keratin.


skin pigmented basal cell carcinoma

A basal cell carcinoma that contains large amounts of melanin. The melanin is produced by symbiotic nontumoral proliferating melanocytes. - 2002.


fallopian tube serous adenocarcinoma

A serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It is usually a high grade invasive adenocarcinoma.


ameloblastoma

The most common odontogenic tumor, arising from the epithelial component of the embryonic tooth and usually affecting the molar-ramus region of the mandible or maxilla. Although most ameloblastomas are morphologically and clinically benign, they may cause extensive local destruction, recur, or metastasize.


uterine corpus serous adenocarcinoma

A serous adenocarcinoma that involves the uterine corpus.


synovial angioma

A rare hemangioma arising from synovium lining surfaces.


childhood kidney cell carcinoma

A renal cell carcinoma that occurs during childhood.