aerotaxis

The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to environmental oxygen.


lignostilbene alpha beta-dioxygenase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethylene + O2 = 2 vanillin.


alcohol dehydrogenase (cytochrome c(L)) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 [Fe(III)cytochrome cL] + a primary alcohol = 2 [Fe(II)cytochrome cL] + an aldehyde + 2 H+.


1,5-anhydro-D-fructose reductase (1,5-anhydro-D-mannitol-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1,5-anhydro-D-mannitol + NADP+ = 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose + H+ + NADPH.


hydroxymate-containing siderophore biosynthetic process

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including hydroxamic acid. Hydroxamate is one of the three major chemical groups incorporated into siderophore structures with catechol and a-hydroxycarboxylate, each having a high selectivity for iron(3+).


positive regulation of compound eye photoreceptor development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor development.


1-18:1-2-16:0-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol palmitoyl-lipid 7-desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-18:1-2-16:0-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor = 1-18:1-2-16:1-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


anthocyanidin reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a flavan-3-ol + 2 NAD(P)+ = an anthocyanidin + 2 NAD(P)H + H+.


dTTP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dTTP, deoxyribosylthymine triphosphate.


cyclic pyranopterin monophosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (8S)-3',8-cyclo-7,8-dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphate = cyclic pyranopterin phosphate + diphosphate.


cytokinin dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N6-dimethylallyladenine + acceptor + H2O = adenine + 3-methylbut-2-enal + reduced electron acceptor.


penicillin amidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: penicillin + H2O = a carboxylate + 6-aminopenicillanate.


snoRNP binding

Binding to a small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein particle.


positive regulation of multicellular organismal process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an organismal process, any of the processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs.


chrysobactin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the siderophore chrysobactin (alpha-N-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-D-lysyl-L-serine).


regulation of induction of conjugation upon nitrogen starvation

Any process that modulates the frequency of induction of conjugation upon nitrogen starvation, the process in which a cell initiates conjugation with cellular fusion upon nitrogen starvation.


mesonephric nephron tubule formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a mesonephric nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A mesonephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of a nephron in the mesonephros.


protein-RNA covalent cross-linking repair

A process that rescues stalled ribosomes by removing the covalent cross-link between RNA and a protein.


negative regulation of heart rate in another organism

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency of heart contraction of another organism.


ent-kaurene oxidation to kaurenoic acid

The three successive oxidations of the 4-methyl group of ent-kaurene to form ent-kaur-16-en-19-oate, kaurenoic acid. This process may be carried out entirely by the enzyme ent-kaurene oxidase.


perturbation of host cell-mediated immune response

A process in which an organism effects a change that affects cell-based immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


methanopterin-containing compound biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a methanopterin.


formate dehydrogenase (coenzyme F420) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: formate + coenzyme F420 = CO2 + reduced coenzyme F420.


1-18:1-2-16:0-phosphatidylglycerol omega-6 desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl]-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)(1-) + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor = 1-18:2-2-16:0-phosphatidylglycerol + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any process that regulates the concentration of calcium in the postsynaptic cytosol.


Catalysis of the reaction: monomethylamine + a monomethylamine corrinoid protein = a methylated monomethylamine corrinoid protein + NH3.


negative regulation of fear response

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fear response.


formation of stylet for nutrient acquisition

The assembly of a stylet, a hollow protrusible spear-like symbiont structure projected into the host cell for the purpose of obtaining nutrients. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


mandelamide amidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-mandelamide + H2O = (R)-mandelate + NH4.


shamixanthone metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving shamixanthone.


symbiont-mediated perturbation of host salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway

A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts a salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway in its host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


positive regulation of nematode pharynx morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nematode pharynx morphogenesis.


high-affinity copper ion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a copper ions (Cu2+) from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


ventriculo bulbo valve formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ventriculo bulbo valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA = H2O + glutaconyl-CoA.


dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (NADH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-dihydroorotate + NAD+ = H+ + NADH + orotate.


symbiont-mediated disruption of host cellular anatomical entity

The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of a host cellular anatomical entity. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


pyridoxal transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of pyridoxal from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyridoxal, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate.


4-alpha-glucanotransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a segment of a (1->4)-alpha-D-glucan to a new 4-position in an acceptor, which may be glucose or (1->4)-alpha-D-glucan.


symbiont-mediated suppression of host JAK-STAT cascade via inhibition of STAT activity

A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupt a JAK-STAT signal cascade in the host organism by reducing the activity of host STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription). STATs are SH2 domain-containing proteins which lie downstream of many signaling receptors. Upon phosphorylation by JAKs, STAT proteins hetero- or homo-dimerize and translocate to the nucleus to activate transcription of target genes.


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + L-glutamate + ATP = H+ + indole-3-acetyl-glutamate + AMP + diphosphoric acid.


RNA NAD-cap (NMN-forming) hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 5'-end NAD+-phospho-ribonucleoside in mRNA + H2O = a 5'-end phospho-adenosine-phospho-ribonucleoside in mRNA + beta-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide + 2 H+.


trichloroethylene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving trichloroethylene, a toxic, colorless, photoreactive, chlorinated hydrocarbon liquid, commonly used as a metal degreaser and solvent.


regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation.


anal fin morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the anal fin are generated and organized. An anal fin is an unpaired medial fin on the ventral aspect near the caudal end of a fish, which provides lateral stability while swimming.


negative regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cilium-dependent cell motility.


interleukin-9 production

The appearance of interleukin-9 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


thalianol hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a thalianol = a thalian-diol. This reaction is the addition of a hydroxyl group to thalianol ((13R,14R,17E)-podioda-8,17,21-trien-3beta-ol) to create a thalian-diol ((13R,14R,17E)-podioda-8,17,21-trien-3beta,X-diol), where the hydroxyl group may be attached at one of several different available carbons in ring B or C of thalianol, indicated by the X.


pseurotin A metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving pseurotin A.


baroreceptor detection of increased arterial stretch

The series of events by which an increase in diameter of an artery is detected and converted to a molecular signal.


pyridoxal 4-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + pyridoxal = 4-pyridoxolactone + H+ + NADH.


response to ecdysone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ecdysone stimulus.


immune response

Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat.


regulation of nerve growth factor receptor activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-acetamidobutanoate + H2O = acetate + 4-aminobutanoate.


neural crest cell differentiation involved in thymus development

Any neural crest cell differentiation that is involved in thymus development.


pyruvate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 2-oxo acid = an aldehyde + CO2.


modulation by symbiont of host heat acclimation

Any process in which an organism modulates the host's tolerance to high temperatures, above the optimal temperature for that organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


specification of segmental identity, mandibular segment

The specification of the characteristic structures of the mandibular segment following establishment of segment boundaries. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeraniol + CTP = all-trans-geranyl-geranyl monophosphate + CDP.


deoxyinosine salvage

Any process that generates deoxyinosine from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


valine N-monooxygenase (oxime forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-valine + 2 O2 + 2 NADPH(4-) + 2 H+ = (E)-2-methylpropanal oxime + 2 NADP(3-) + carbon dioxide + 3 H2O.


symbiont-mediated suppression of host adaptive immune response

A process by which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of the adaptive immune response of the host organism, an immune response based on directed amplification of specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for enhanced response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory).


valine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of valine, 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid.


negative regulation of granuloma formation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of granuloma formation.


positive regulation of synaptic plasticity by chemical substance

The process in which a chemical substance increases synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require.


regulation of arugosin biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of arugosin biosynthetic process.


imaginal disc pattern formation

The regionalization process that results in defined areas of the imaginal disc that will undergo specific cell differentaiton. Imaginal discs are epithelial infoldings in the larvae of holometabolous insects that develop into adult appendages (legs, antennae, wings, etc.) during metamorphosis from larval to adult form.


actin ubiquitination

The modification of actin by addition of ubiquitin groups.


9,10 (9', 10')-carotenoid-cleaving dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the oxidative cleavage of carotenoids at the (9, 10) and/or (9', 10') double bond.


pollen intine formation

Formation of pollen intine, the inner layer of the pollen wall. The reticulate pollen wall pattern consists of two layers, exine and intine.


negative regulation of proteinase activated receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of proteinase activated receptor activity.


Catalysis of the reaction: N(2)-(2-carboxyethyl)-L-arginine + ATP = AMP + deoxyamidinoproclavaminate + diphosphate + 2 H+.


myotube cell development involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

The process aimed at the progression of a myotube cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. This occurs as part of the process of skeletal muscle regeneration. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse.


granulosa cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of granulosa cells, resulting in the expansion of the granulosa cells population. A granulosa cell is a supporting cell for the developing female gamete in the ovary of mammals. They develop from the coelomic epithelial cells of the gonadal ridge.


Catalysis of the reaction: CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminate + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H+ + O2 = CMP-N-glycoloyl-beta-neuraminate + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + H2O.


negative regulation of paraxial mesodermal cell fate specification

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of paraxial mesoderm cell fate specification.


glucuronoarabinoxylan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylan, a polymer containing a beta-(1->4)-linked D-xylose backbone decorated with glucuronic acid and arabinose side units.


calcium-induced calcium release activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any calcium-induced calcium release activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration.


response to 5-fluorouracil

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 5-fluorouracil stimulus.


negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell contraction.


appendage segmentation

Division of an appendage, an organ or part that is attached to the main body of an organism, into a series of semi-repetitive parts or segments. Most arthropod appendages, such as the legs and antennae, are visibly segmented.


peptide mating pheromone maturation involved in regulation of pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation

The formation of a mature peptide mating pheromone by proteolysis and/or modification of a peptide precursor, occurring in the context of pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation.


protein decanoylation

The modification of a protein amino acid by formation of an ester or amide with decanoic acid.


negative regulation of cellular response to X-ray

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to X-ray.


cellular response to azide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an azide stimulus.


octanol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving octanol, the 8-carbon alcohol with the formula C8H17OH.


mannogen metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannogen, a mannose-containing polysaccharide that is a major energy reserve in Leishmania.


glucosinolate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosinolates, substituted thioglucosides found in rapeseed products and related cruciferae.


bidentate ribonuclease III activity

Catalysis of the digestion of double-stranded RNAs into 20 to 30-nucleotide products. These products typically associate to the RNA-induced silencing complex and serve as guide RNAs for posttranslational RNA interference.


lipid III floppase activity

Enables the transbilayer of capsular-polysaccharides (Und-PP-GlcNAc-ManNAcA-Fuc4NAc (lipid III)) from the inner to the outer leaflet of the cytoplasmic membrane during the assembly of ECA. Capsular polysaccharides make up the capsule, a protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria and fungi.


D-xylulose reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + xylitol = D-xylulose + H+ + NADH.


orthodenticle mRNA localization

Any process in which orthodenticle mRNA is transported to and maintained in the oocyte and/or syncytial embryo as part of the process that will specify the anterior/posterior axis.


tricyclic triterpenoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving tricyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 3 rings.


Catalysis of the reaction: N(2)-benzoyl-D-arginine-4-nitroanilide + H2O = 4-nitroaniline + N(2)-benzoyl-D-arginine + H+.


citrate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + citrate + CoA = (3S)-citryl-CoA + ADP + H+ + phosphate.


epithelial cell type specification, open tracheal system

Allocation of epithelial cells within each migrating branch in an open tracheal system to distinct tracheal cell fates. During the migration phase each branch forms a well-defined number of cell types (including fusion cells, terminal cells and branch cells) at precise positions.


mesonephric podocyte development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros.


mucilage extrusion from seed coat

The process in which seed mucilage expands through hydration and breaks the outer cell wall that encapsulates the whole seed upon imbibition. Mucilage, mainly composed of pectins, is formed during seed development and deposited into the apoplast underneath the outer wall of the seed coat.


arsenite methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + arsenite = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + methylarsonate.


negative regulation of ARF protein signal transduction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ARF protein signal transduction.


N-cyclopropylmelamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-cyclopropylmelamine, a triazine compound commonly used as an insect growth regulator insecticide.


pole plasm protein localization

Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


tricellular tight junction assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a tricellular tight junction.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP(4-) + H2O + a cis-keto-C60-meroacyl-[acp] = diphosphoric acid + a cis-keto-meroacyl-adenylate + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


cell-cell adhesion involved in cerebral cortex tangential migration using cell-cell interactions

The attachment of cells to one another to form groups of cells involved in cerebral cortex tangential migration.


negative regulation of growth factor dependent skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of satellite cell proliferation; dependent on specific growth factor activity such as fibroblast growth factors and transforming growth factor beta.


diphthine-ammonia ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + diphthine + NH4 = ADP + diphthamide + H+ + phosphate.


positive regulation of amoeboid sperm motility

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of amoeboid sperm motility.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-ribulose 5-phosphate = L-xylulose 5-phosphate.


mesonephric glomerulus development

The progression of the mesonephric glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The mesonephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the mature vertebrate kidney, or mesonephros.


carboxymethylhydantoinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-5-carboxymethylhydantoin + H2O = N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate + H+.


negative regulation of cell communication

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.


eye blink reflex

The reflex process in which a mechanical stimulus applied to the eye elicits a response of the eyelid closing.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-acylphosphoadenosine + H2O = AMP + a carboxylate.


defasciculation of motor neuron axon

Separation of a motor axon away from a bundle of axons known as a fascicle.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-3-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)glutaryl-CoA + 4 H+ = 7-methyl-3-oxooct-6-enoyl-CoA + acetate.


4-cresol dehydrogenase (hydroxylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-cresol + acceptor + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + reduced acceptor.


pigment accumulation in tissues in response to UV light

The aggregation of coloring matter in a particular location in a tissue, occurring in response to a UV light stimulus.


activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in an activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell.


positive regulation of mesodermal to mesenchymal transition involved in gastrulation

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition where a mesodermal cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell as part of the process of gastrulation.


cyanidin 3-O-glucoside 5-O-glucosyltransferase (sinapoyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + 1-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose = cyanin betaine + trans-sinapate + H+.


positive regulation of mast cell apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell apoptotic process.


charged-tRNA amino acid modification

The covalent alteration of an amino acid charged on a tRNA before it is incorporated into a protein, as in N-formylmethionine, selenocysteine or pyrrolysine.


positive regulation of mesoderm formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm formation.


contact guidance

Cell recognition involving the deposition of specific pathways in the extracellular matrix that guide migrating cells.


double fertilization forming two zygotes

Rudimentary double fertilization where one of the two sperm nuclei from the pollen tube fuses with the egg nucleus to form a 2n zygote, and the other fuses with the ventral canal cell nucleus to form a second zygote, which soon degenerates. An example of this process is found in the Gnetophytes, such as Welwitschia mirabilis.


photoreceptor cell fate determination

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a photoreceptor cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.


tRNA wobble base 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridinylation

The process whereby a wobble base uridine residue in a tRNA is modified to 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine.


envenomation resulting in modulation of blood coagulation in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation in the bitten organism.


posterior lateral line neuromast primordium migration

The migration of a relatively undifferentiated cell along the developing posterior lateral line, originating from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear. The neuromast primordium deposits proneuromasts along the lateral line, from which the neuromasts will develop.


GABAergic neuron differentiation in basal ganglia

The process in which a neuroblast acquires the specialized structural and functional features of a GABAergic inhibitory neuron in the basal ganglia. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a GABAergic neuron.


curcumin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: feruloylacetyl-CoA + feruloyl-CoA(4-) + H2O = curcumin + 2 coenzyme A(4-) + carbon dioxide.


interneuron-substratum interaction involved in interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortex

The process in which migrating interneurons interact with an external substratum as a component of migration from the subpallium to the cortex.


regulation of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway.


neuroblast division in subpallium

The division of neuroblasts in the subpallium area of the forebrain. The interneuron precursors that these cells give rise to include GABAergic interneurons and will migrate tangentially.


positive regulation of activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process.


regulation of midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation.


(3R)-citramalyl-CoA lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (3R)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA.


angelicin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: columbianetin + NADPH + O2 + H+ = angelicin + acetone + NADP + 2 H2O.


regulation of raffinose biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of raffinose biosynthetic process.


labial disc morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures derived from the labial disc are generated and organized. This includes the transformation of a labial imaginal disc from a monolayered epithelium in the larvae of holometabolous insects into recognizable adult structures including parts of the proboscis.


threonine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O-phospho-L-homoserine + H2O = L-threonine + phosphate.


positive regulation of iodide transmembrane transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of iodide transmembrane transport.


high-affinity L-histidine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-histidine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-histidine is 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


petal epidermis patterning

The regionalization process that regulates the coordinated growth and establishes the non-random spatial arrangement of the cells in the petal epidermis.


bacillithiol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bacillithiol, the alpha-anomeric glycoside of L-cysteinyl-D-glucosamine with L-malic acid. Bacillithiol, produced widely in the Firmicutes and sporadically in other bacterial lineages, is a low-molecular-weight thiol analogous to mycothiol in the Actinomycetes and glutathione in many species.


metanephric long descending thin limb bend development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric long descending thin limb bend over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric long descending thin limb bend is a part of the descending thin limb of a long nephron that lies beyond the prebend segment in the metanephros.


6-carboxyhexanoate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + CoA + pimelate = AMP + diphosphate + H+ + pimelyl-CoA.


longitudinal axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the longitudinal axis. In plants, this is the axis that runs from the shoot to the root.


notochord cell vacuolation

The assembly and arrangement of a vacuole within a cell of the notochord.


midbrain-hindbrain boundary maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the midbrain-hindbrain boundary to attain its fully functional state. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate.


regulation of fucose catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fucose.


positive regulation of defense response to insect

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to insect.


positive regulation of R7 cell fate commitment

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of R7 cell fate commitment.


beta-curcumene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-) = diphosphoric acid + (-)-beta-curcumene.


negative regulation of protein import into nucleus during spindle assembly checkpoint

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, and that occurs as a response to the mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint. In S. cerevisiae, this process involves inhibition of the karyopherin/importin Kap121p (also known as Pse1p), which acts as the specific nuclear import receptor for several proteins, including Glc7p. Glc7p functions in opposition to key spindle assembly checkpoint protein Aurora kinase (Ipl1p).


Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-D-galactose.


suppression of platelet aggregation in another organism

Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of platelet aggregation in a second organism.


flavonoid phytoalexin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving flavonoid phytoalexins, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton, which possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection.


glucosaminate ammonia-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucosaminate = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + NH3.


outer ear unfolding

The opening and spreading out of the outer ear.


suppression by symbiont of host resistance gene-dependent defense response

Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


coronary sinus valve formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the coronary sinus valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylpentan-3-one = 4,4-dimethyl-3-oxopentanal + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


negative regulation of cellodextrin metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellodextrin metabolic process.


3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxypropanoate + NAD+ = 3-oxopropanoate + H+ + NADH.


regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process in hippocampal neurons.


peptidyl-lysine butyrylation

The butyrylation of a lysine residue in a protein. Butyryl is the univalent radical C3H7COO- derived from butyric acid.


polyvinyl alcohol dehydrogenase (cytochrome) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: polyvinyl alcohol + ferricytochrome c = oxidized polyvinyl alcohol + ferrocytochrome c + H+.


regulation of timing of anagen

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of timing of anagen, the growth phase of the hair cycle.


regulation of natural killer cell tolerance induction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell tolerance induction.


regulation of tocopherol cyclase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tocopherol cyclase activity.


histidine catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.


asexual sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore

The formation of a cellular spore derived from the products of mitosis. A cellular spore is a cell form that can be used for dissemination, for survival of adverse conditions because of its heat and dessication resistance, and/or for reproduction.


fruit ripening, non-climacteric

A fruit ripening process that does not involve a respiratory burst.


regulation of homophilic cell adhesion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of homophilic cell adhesion.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->6)-beta-D-glucans.


citronellal dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: citronellal + NAD+ + OH- = citronellate + NADH + H+.


positive regulation of developmental process

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).


positive regulation of inosine transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of inosine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


depsipeptide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of depsipeptides, a linear or cyclic compound composed of both amino acids and hydroxy acids in peptide and ester bonds respectively.


protein localization to Mei2 nuclear dot

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a Mei2 nuclear dot.


pollen maturation

The final stages of microgametogenesis after the trinucleate stage has been reached resulting in viable pollen grains.


modification of dendritic spine

Any process that modifies the structure of a dendritic spine.


Catalysis of the reaction: fumarate + n-hexane = (1-methylpentyl)succinate.


anaerobic carbon tetrachloride metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbon tetrachloride, a toxic, carcinogenic compound which is used as a general solvent in industrial degreasing operations, that occur in the absence of oxygen.


murein hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a peptidoglycan dimer (generic) = a lipid II + GlcNAc-1,6-anhydro-MurNAc-pentapeptide.


tauropine dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + NAD+ + tauropine = H+ + NADH + pyruvate + taurine.


regulation of urothelial cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of urothelial cell proliferation.


positive regulation of response to cell cycle checkpoint signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to cell cycle checkpoint signaling.


dimethylmalate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3,3-dimethylmalate + NAD+ = 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + CO2 + NADH.


post-embryonic caudal fin morphogenesis

The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the caudal fin are generated and organized. The caudal fin is an unpaired medial fin mounted at the caudal end of the fish and is the main fin used for propulsion.


isopentenyladenine UDP glycosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + N(6)-dimethylallyladenine = H+ + 9-(alpha-D-glucosyl)-N(6)-isopentenyladenine + UDP.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on metal ions, flavin as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction in which the metal ion is reduced and flavin acts as an electron acceptor.


ACA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an ACA codon.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + trans-resveratrol = 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + pterostilbene + 2 H+.


2-methylcitrate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (2S,3S)-2-methylcitrate = cis-2-methylaconitate + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 2-hydroxylamino-4,6-dinitrotoluene = 2-hydroxylamino-4,6-dinitrotoluene-O-glucoside + UDP + H+.


juvenile hormone mediated signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals initiated by a juvenile hormone binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


chondroitin AC lyase activity

Catalysis of the eliminative degradation of polysaccharides containing 1,4-beta-D-hexosaminyl and 1,3-beta-D-glucuronosyl linkages to disaccharides containing 4-deoxy-beta-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups.


12-oxophytodienoate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 8-[(1R,2R)-3-oxo-2-{(Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl}cyclopentyl]octanoate + NADP+ = (15Z)-12-oxophyto-10,15-dienoate + H+ + NADPH.


mandelonitrile lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: mandelonitrile = cyanide + benzaldehyde.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by atrial baroreceptor feedback

A process that controls blood pressure by sensing the amount of stretch occurring in the atria.


lung ciliated cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a lung ciliated cell. A lung ciliated cell is a specialized lung epithelial cell that contains cilia for moving substances released from lung secretory cells.


prostate induction

The close range interaction of the urogenital sinus mesenchyme and the urogenital sinus epithelium that causes the cells of the urogenital sinus epithelium to change their fates and specify the development of the prostate gland.


5'-3' RNA helicase activity

Unwinding of an RNA helix in the 5' to 3' direction, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


Catalysis of the reaction: (1S,2S,4R)-limonene-1,2-diol + DCPIP+ = DCPIPH + H+ + (1S,4R)-1-hydroxy-2-oxolimonene.


negative regulation by symbiont of host neurotransmitter secretion

Any process in which a symbiont organism negatively regulates the regulated release of a neurotransmitter from a cell in its host organism.


positive regulation of paraxial mesodermal cell fate determination

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of paraxial mesoderm cell fate determination.


non-proteinogenic amino acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of non-proteinogenic amino acids.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methyl-5-hydroxy-6-(3-carboxy-3-oxopropenyl)-1H-2-pyridon + H2O = 2-oxobut-3-enanoate + 2,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methylpyridine.


nuclear membrane biogenesis

The process in which a nuclear membrane is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together.


emodin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of emodin.


cytoplasmic capsid assembly

The assembly of a virus capsid that occurs in the cytoplasm.


mitochondrial single subunit type RNA polymerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template that contains a single-subunit-type mitochondrial RNA polymerase-specific promoter to direct initiation and catalyses DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'.


dihydrobunolol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrobunolol + NADP+ = bunolol + H+ + NADPH.


antipodal cell degeneration

The process in which the antipodal cells undergo programmed cell death.


tyrosine biosynthetic process from chorismate via 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate.


determination of radial symmetry

The establishment of an organism's body plan or a part of an organism such that it is symmetric around a central axis.


positive regulation of neutrophil aggregation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil aggregation.


chloroplast RNA modification

Any RNA modification that takes place in chloroplast.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 5-phosphate = (2S)-2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl phosphate + formate + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 3-D-glucuronosyl-N2-,6-disulfo-beta-D-glucosamine = glucuronate + N2,6-disulfo-D-glucosamine.


2-indanone monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-indanone + NADPH + 1/2 O2 = NADP+ + 3-isochromanone.


imaginal disc-derived wing hair outgrowth

Extrusion of a cellular projection from the apical membrane of an epithelial cell in an imaginal disc-derived wing. Outgrowth initiates approximately 35 hours after puparium formation from the distal side of the cell, and at this stage the cellular extension is termed a prehair.


eoxin C4 synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: eoxin A4 + glutathione = eoxin C4.


N-acetylglucosamine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + ATP = N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


histone H3K14 ubiquitin ligase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a ubiquitin molecule to histone 3 at the lysine-14 residue.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)phenylurea + H2O = 4'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)phenylaniline + carbamic acid.


regulation of turning behavior involved in mating

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of turning behavior involved in mating. Turning behavior is the sharp ventral turn performed by the male as he approaches either the hermaphrodite head or tail, whilst trying to locate his partner's vulva. Turning occurs via a sharp ventral coil of the male's tail.


proepicardium cell migration involved in pericardium morphogenesis

The coordinated movement of a mesenchymal proepicardial cell to the surface of the developing heart.


cell wall macromolecule catabolic process involved in fungal-type cell wall disassembly

The chemical reactions and pathways that result in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall, and contributes to the breakdown of the fungal-type cell wall.


regulation of skeletal muscle contraction by action potential

Any action potential process that regulates skeletal muscle contraction.


cell cycle comprising mitosis without cytokinesis

A mitotic cell cycle in which mitosis is completed but cytokinesis does not occur, resulting in a cell containing multiple nuclei each with a chromosomal complement of the original ploidy (usually 2N).


ent-kaur-16-en-19-ol oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + NADPH + ent-kaur-16-en-19-ol + oxygen = 2 H2O + NADP+ + ent-kaur-16-en-19-al.


1,3-alpha-L-fucosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->3) linkages between alpha-L-fucose and N-acetylglucosamine residues in glycoproteins.


negative regulation of metanephric glomerular mesangial cell proliferation

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric glomerular mesangial cell proliferation.


vacuole-ER tethering

The attachment of a lytic vacuole to the endoplasmic reticulum, which may facilitate exchange of metabolites between the organelles.


interleukin-29 production

The appearance of interleukin-29 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


negative regulation of zygospore formation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of zygospore formation, a process in which a thick-walled spore of some algae and fungi is formed by union of two similar sexual cells, usually serves as a resting spore, and produces the sporophytic phase.


N-acetylglucosamine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. The D isomer of N-acetylglucosamine is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein.


mesonephric mesangial cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesangial cells of the mesonephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


response to erythromycin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an erythromycin stimulus.


class I DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity

Catalysis of the cleavage of an AP site 3' of the baseless site by a beta-lyase mechanism, leaving an unsaturated aldehyde, termed a 3'-(4-hydroxy-5-phospho-2-pentenal) residue, and a 5'-phosphate.


5-aminolevulinic acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of 5-aminolevulinic acid from one side of a membrane to the other.


undecaprenyl-phosphate galactose phosphotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-undecaprenyl phosphate + UDP-D-galactose = alpha-D-galactosyl-diphosphoundecaprenol + UMP.


positive regulation of long-chain fatty acid import into cell

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of long-chain fatty acid import into a cell.


anatomical structure morphogenesis

The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.


formation of tubovesicular network for nutrient acquisition

The assembly of a symbiont-induced complex organelle that comprises of multiple protein and lipid domains for the purpose of obtaining nutrients from its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by acetylcholine

The regulation of blood pressure mediated by acetylcholine signaling. Acetylcholine is an acetic acid ester of the organic base choline and functions as a neurotransmitter.


cellular response to high light intensity

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a high light intensity stimulus.


2-oxoglutaramate amidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutaramate + H2O = 2-oxoglutarate + NH3.


Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin + UDP-D-galactose = cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-galactoside betaine + UDP.


Catalysis of the reaction: acetoacetyl-ACP + L-tryptophan + ATP = cyclo-acetoacetyl-L-tryptophan + AMP + diphosphoric acid + 2 H+ + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


cellular response to light intensity

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light intensity stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-diamino-6-hydroxy-4-(5-phosphoribosylamino)-pyrimidine + H2O + H+ = 5-amino-6-(5-phosphoribosylamino)uracil + NH4.


regulation of thalamus size

Any process that modulates the size of the thalamus. The thalamus is a part of the diencephalon that is composed of the dorsal thalamus and the ventral thalamus.


embryonic heart tube formation

The process that gives rise to the embryonic heart tube. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The embryonic heart tube is an epithelial tube that will give rise to the mature heart.


myoblast division

The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a myoblast into daughter cells. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


maternal determination of dorsal/ventral axis, ovarian follicular epithelium, germ-line encoded

Polarization of the ovarian follicle cells along the dorsal-ventral axis by a gene product encoded by cells of the germ line.


jasmonic acid hydrolase

Catalyzes the hydroxylation of jasmonic acid to 12OH-jasmonic acid.


transitional one stage B cell differentiation

The process in which immature B cells from the bone marrow acquire the specialized features of T1 stage B cells in the spleen. T1 stage B cells do not express either CD23 or CD21.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3',4',5'-trimethylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 7,3',4',5'-tetramethylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of salty taste

The series of events required for a salty taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal.


1-deoxy-D-xylulose kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-deoxy-D-xylulose + ATP = H+ + 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + ADP.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-(S)-lactate + GTP = lactyl-2-diphospho-5'-guanosine + diphosphate.


regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions (Fe) from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + dehydroabietadienol + NADPH + O2 = dehydroabietadiene-diol + NADP + H2O.


mitochondrial lysyl-tRNA aminoacylation

The process of coupling lysine to lysyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by lysyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


negative regulation of anterograde dense core granule transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anterograde dense core granule transport.


regulation of nuclear migration during mitotic telophase

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear migration during mitotic telophase.


pheromone response MAPK cascade

A MAPK cascade containing at least the Fus3 MAP kinase. It starts with the activation of Ste20, a MAP4K, which activates Ste11, a MAP3K, which in turn activate Ste7, a MAP2K, which activates Fus3. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier. This MAPK cascade is triggered by a pheromone activating its G protein-coupled receptor, and results in cellular responses that lead to conjugation with cellular fusion.


peptidyl-histidine adenylylation

The adenylylation of peptidyl-histidine to form peptidyl-1'-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-AMP-histidine, tele-AMP-histidine) or peptidyl-3'-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as pi-AMP-histidine, pros-AMP-histidine).


pilus assembly

The assembly from its constituent parts of a pilus, a short filamentous structure of bacterial cell, flagella-like in structure and generally present in many copies. Pili are variously involved in transfer of nucleic acids, adherence to surfaces, and formation of pellicles. Is required for bacterial conjugation, or can play a role in adherence to surfaces (when it is called a fimbrium), and in the formation of pellicles.


phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis from phosphatidylethanolamine

The phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process that depends on direct conversion of the phosphatidyl-base phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine by successive methylations.


leg disc morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures derived from the leg disc are generated and organized. This includes the transformation of a leg imaginal disc from a monolayered epithelium in the larvae of holometabolous insects into recognizable adult structures including the leg, coxa and ventral thoracic pleura.


D-arabinose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-arabinose, the D-enantiomer of arabino-pentose. D-arabinose occurs in plant glycosides and is a constituent of arabinonucleosides.


prephenate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: prephenate = phenylpyruvate + H2O + CO2.


Catalysis of the transfer of a beta-D-glucosyl residue from UDP-glucose on to a glucose residue in xyloglucan, forming a beta-1,4-D-glucosyl-D-glucose linkage.


cell-cell adhesion involved in neuronal-glial interactions involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

The interaction between two cells that modulates the association of a neuronal cell and a glial cell involved in glial-mediated radial cell migration in the cerebral cortex.


L-3-cyanoalanine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-cysteine + HCN = sulfide + L-3-cyanoalanine.


apelin receptor activity

Combining with the peptide apelin to initiate a change in cell activity.


negative regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity.


regulation of Frizzled Nuclear Import pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a Frizzled Nuclear Import pathway.


camphor 5-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-camphor + putidaredoxin + O2 = (+)-exo-5-hydroxycamphor + oxidized putidaredoxin + H2O.


regulation of skeletal muscle contraction via regulation of action potential

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle contraction by depolarization of muscle membrane and ionic fluxes.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + NAD(P)+ + CDP-4-dehydro-3,6-dideoxy-D-glucose = NAD(P)H + CDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + a glucosyl-glycogenin = (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)n-glucosyl glucogenin + UDP + H+.


negative regulation of secondary growth

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of secondary growth.


phenol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenol, a compound that consists of a benzene ring with one attached hydroxyl group.


negative regulation of pancreatic A cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic A cell differentiation.


regulation of amine catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of amines.


fermentation

The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of organic compounds, especially carbohydrates, coupling the oxidation and reduction of NAD/H and the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).


ammonia kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + NH4 = ADP + 3 H+ + phosphoramidate.


suppression by virus of host ISG15-protein conjugation

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of host ubiquitin-like protein ISG15 conjugation to a susbtrate. ISG15 is a ubiquitin-like protein that is conjugated to lysine residues on various target proteins. Viruses escape from the antiviral activity of ISG15 by using different mechanisms; the influenza B virus NS1 protein for instance blocks the covalent linkage of ISG15 to its target proteins by directly interacting with ISG15. The papain-like protease from the coronavirus cleaves ISG15 derivatives.


Catalysis of the reaction: poly(glycerol phosphate) + UDP-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucosylpoly(glycerol phosphate) + UDP.


adenylyl-sulfate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: A + AMP + 2 H+ + sulfite = adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + AH2.


peptidyl-aspartic acid phosphorylation

The phosphorylation of peptidyl-aspartic acid.


P granule disassembly

The disaggregation of a P granule into its constituent components.


brassinosteroid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of brassinosteroids, any of a group of steroid derivatives that occur at very low concentrations in plant tissues and may have hormone-like effects.


negative regulation of synergid differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synergid cell differentiation.


gibberellin A19, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A19 + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate = H+ + gibberellin A20 + 2 carbon dioxide + succinate.


tRNA pseudouridylation guide activity

Specifies the site of pseudouridylation in a tRNA molecule by base pairing with a short sequence around the target residue.


trihydroxystilbene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3 malonyl-CoA + 4-coumaroyl-CoA = 4 CoA + 3,4',5-trihydroxy-stilbene + 4 CO2.


phthalyl amidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a phthalylamide = phthalate + substituted amine.


sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a cellular spore, a cell form that can be used for dissemination, for survival of adverse conditions because of its heat and dessication resistance, and/or for reproduction.


Catalysis of the reaction: (2S,3S)-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid = (1R,6S)-6-ammonio-5-oxocyclohex-2-ene-1-carboxylate.


regulation of acetylcholine biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of acetylcholine biosynthetic process.


reciprocal homologous recombination

A DNA recombination process that results in the bidirectional exchange of genetic material between highly homologous DNA molecules.


1-butanol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1-butanol, an alkyl primary alcohol with the formula C4H10O.


adenosylcobinamide kinase (GTP-specific) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: adenosylcobinamide + GTP = adenosylcobinamide phosphate + GDP + H+.


hexanoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a hexanoyl (CH3-[CH2]4-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule.


positive regulation of interleukin-4-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-4-mediated signaling pathway.


peptidyl-L-beta-methylthioaspartic acid biosynthetic process from peptidyl-aspartic acid

The modification of peptidyl-aspartic acid to form peptidyl-L-beta-methylthioaspartic acid, typical of bacterial ribosomal protein S12.


vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 (VEGFR-3) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


dorsal root ganglion morphogenesis

The developmental process by which a dorsal root ganglion is generated and organized.


negative regulation of formation of radial glial scaffolds

Any process that reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of radial glial scaffolds. The scaffolds are used as a substrate for the radial migration of cells.


dolichyl pyrophosphate Man7GlcNAc2 alpha-1,3-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the addition of a glucose residue to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor for N-linked glycosylation; the transfer of glucose from dolichyl phosphate glucose (Dol-P-Glc) on to the lipid-linked oligosaccharide Man(7)GlcNAc(2)-PP-Dol.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA uridine = 5'-methylthioadenosine + tRNA 3-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-uridine.


neuron-glial cell signaling

Cell-cell signaling that mediates the transfer of information from a neuron to a glial cell. This signaling has been shown to be mediated by various molecules released by different types of neurons, e.g. glutamate, gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), noradrenaline, acetylcholine, dopamine and adenosine.


positive regulation of sensory perception of sweet taste

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of sweet taste.


plant seed peroxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: R1H + R2OOH = R1OH + R2OH.


D-aspartate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-aspartate + H2O + O2 = oxaloacetate + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide.


cellular response to 3-methylcholanthrene

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 3-methylcholanthrene stimulus.


ventriculo bulbo valve development

The progression of the ventriculo bulbo valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + kaempferol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+ + kaempferide.


11-oxo-beta-amyrin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 11-oxo-beta-amyrin.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate semialdehyde + H2O + NAD+ = 5-carboxymethyl-2-hydroxymuconate + NADH + H+.


vinorine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 16-epivellosimine + acetyl-CoA = CoA + vinorine.


radial axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of an axis that initiates at a point and radiates outward from the point.


acquisition of desiccation tolerance in seed

The process in which a seed acquires tolerance to severe drying, before entering into a dry, either dormant or quiescent state.


cellular response to boron-containing substance deprivation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of boron obtained from boron-containing substances.


receptor-mediated bacteriophage irreversible attachment to host cell

The processes by which a bacteriophage initially commits to infection by binding the host receptor irreversibly. Disruption of the phage:cell complex at this step results in the loss of infective phage virions since the process is characterized by conformational changes of bacteriophage head and tail proteins and injection of bacteriophage proteins into the infected cell.


GPI anchor biosynthetic process via N-aspartyl-glycosylphosphatidylinositolethanolamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-aspartic acid ethanolamide-linked glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor following hydrolysis of a aspartyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.


geraniol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of geraniol.


Catalysis of the reaction: (3R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = tetradecenoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + H2O.


rhombomere 2 structural organization

The process that contributes to creating the structural organization of rhombomere 2. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order.


positive regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of fungus

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a fungal cell by a neutrophil.


regulation of proteinase activated receptor activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of proteinase activated receptor activity.


inhibition of host DNA replication by virus

Any process by which a virus inhibits DNA replication in its host cell. Some bacteriophages are known to do this, possibly as a way of increasing the pool of nucleotides available for virus replication.


acyl-CoA delta5-desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H+ + O2 = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O. Can also use a substrate with 3 double bonds (a (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA) and add a fourth double bond (a (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoA).


regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating glucose-activated G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the adenylate cyclase-activating glucose-activated G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of glucose binding to a G protein-coupled receptor, where the pathway proceeds with activation of adenylyl cyclase and a subsequent increase in the concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP).


regulation of zygospore formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of zygospore formation, a process in which a thick-walled spore of some algae and fungi is formed by union of two similar sexual cells, usually serves as a resting spore, and produces the sporophytic phase.


Catalysis of the reaction: abieta-7,13-dien-18-ol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = abieta-7,13-dien-18-al + NADP+ + 2 H2O. This is a two step reaction. The first step is: abieta-7,13-dien-18-ol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = abieta-7,13-dien-18,18-diol + + NADP+ + H2O. The second step is a spontaneous reaction: abieta-7,13-dien-18,18-diol = abieta-7,13-dien-18-al + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-N-methylcoclaurine + H+ + NADPH + O2 = (S)-3'-hydroxy-N-methylcoclaurine + H2O + NADP+.


negative regulation of somatic muscle development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of somatic muscle development.


peripheral nervous system non-myelinated axon ensheathment

The process in which a non-myelinating Schwann cell membrane encircles an axon in the peripheral nervous system. A single non-myelinating Schwann cell will typically associate with multiple axons.


lipoate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipoate.


loganate O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + loganate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + loganin.


negative regulation of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor cell differentiation.


dihydronicotinamide riboside quinone reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1,4-dihydronicotinamide + a quinone = 1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)nicotinamide + a hydroquinone.


sulfurated eukaryotic molybdenum cofactor(2-) metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving sulfurated eukaryotic molybdenum cofactor(2-).


cellular response to pulsatile fluid shear stress

Any response to pulsatile fluid shear stress that occurs at the level of a cell.


peptidyl-histidine dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl L-histidine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = peptidyl hydroxy-L-histidine + succinate + CO2.


positive regulation of chemokinesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chemokinesis.


alanylglutamate dipeptidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-alanyl-L-glutamate + H2O = L-alanine + L-glutamate.


serotonin-gated cation-selective signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by serotonin binding to a seratonin receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex. Ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


N-terminal peptidyl-proline acetylation

The acetylation of the N-terminal proline of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-proline.


Catalysis of the reaction: trans-4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate + NAD+ = 4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate + H+ + NADH.


B cell deletion

The apoptotic death of B cells which is part of B cell tolerance induction.


viral budding from Golgi membrane

A viral budding that starts with formation of a membrane curvature in the host Golgi membrane.


violaceol II biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of violaceol II.


gibberellic acid homeostasis

Any biological process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of gibberellic acid; may involve transport, biosynthesis, catabolism or conjugation.


mycothiol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving mycothiol, which consists of N-acetyl-L-cysteine linked to a pseudodisaccharide, D-glucosamine and myo-inositol. Mycothiol is produced in actinomycetes like mycobacteria and serves similar functions to glutathione.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoA(4-).


UDP-glucose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UDP-glucose, uridinediphosphoglucose, a substance composed of glucose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


neural fold bending

The morphogenesis of the neural fold elevations that results in the movement of the tips of the elevations towards each other in order to fuse.


regulation of membrane potential in photoreceptor cell

Hyperpolarization (vertebrates) or depolarization (invertebrates) of the photoreceptor cell membrane via closing/opening of cation specific channels as a result of signals generated by rhodopsin activation by a photon.


arabitol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arabitol, the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group.


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetonitrile + 2 H2O = indole-3-acetic acid + NH3.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: mannose + H+ = mannose + H+.


sinoatrial node cell fate commitment

The commitment of cells to sinoatrial (SA) node cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into SA node cells. SA node cells are pacemaker cells that are found in the sinoatrial node.


The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-10 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


5-amino-4-imidazole carboxylate lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-aminoimidazole + CO2 = 5-amino-4-imidazole carboxylate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chlorophenoxyacetate + 1/2 O2 = glyoxylate + 4-chlorophenol.


enterobacterial common antigen biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the enterobacterial common antigen, an acidic polysaccharide containing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-mannosaminouronic acid, and 4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose. A major component of the cell wall outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.


anthracene 9,10-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: anthracene + 2 H2O = cis-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-diol.


2'-deoxyguanosine DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of the ADP-ribose group of NAD+ to the amino group at N2 of 2'-deoxyguanosine to yield N2-(alpha-ADP-ribos-1-yl)-2'-deoxyguanosine and its beta form.


N-acyl homoserine lactone synthase activity

Catalyzing the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + S-adenosyl-L-methionine -> [acyl-carrier- protein] + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone.


D-ribulokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-ribulose = ADP + D-ribulose 5-phosphate.


tropane alkaloid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving tropane alkaloids, compounds containing the 8-methyl-8-azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane ring system.


mature natural killer cell chemotaxis

The directed movement of a mature natural killer cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). A mature natural killer cell is a natural killer cell that is developmentally mature and expresses a variety of inhibitory and activating receptors that recognize MHC class and other stress related molecules.


oxidoreduction-driven active transmembrane transporter activity

Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by exothermic flow of electrons from a reduced substrate to an oxidized substrate. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source.


negative regulation of spore encystment on host

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of spore encystment on host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


tryptophan alpha,beta-oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + O2 = alpha,beta-didehydrotryptophan + H2O2 + H+.


imaginal disc-derived leg joint morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of an imaginal disc-derived leg joint are generated and organized. The leg joint is a flexible region that separates the rigid sections of a leg to allow movement in a controlled manner. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


positive regulation of neuroblast migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuroblast migration.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-xylose + D-ribitol 5-phosphate-R = UDP + beta1,4-xylosyl-D-ribitol 5-phosphate-R.


interleukin-26 production

The appearance of interleukin-26 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


valencene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-) = (+)-valencene + diphosphoric acid.


flavonoid phytoalexin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavonoid phytoalexins, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton, which possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection.


sinapate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving sinapate, (2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxylaminobenzoate + NAD(P)H = anthranilate + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


conversion of discoidal high-density lipoprotein particle to spherical high-density lipoprotein particle

The process in which a discoidal high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle acquires additional lipid or protein molecules, and cholesterol in the particle is converted to tightly bound cholesterol esters by the action of phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase (lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase; LCAT), resulting in the formation of a spherical HDL particle.


maternal specification of dorsal/ventral axis, oocyte, germ-line encoded

Polarization of the oocyte along the dorsal-ventral axis, by a gene product encoded by cells of the germ line. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


propan-2-ol:coenzyme F420 oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: propan-2-ol + coenzyme F420 = acetone + reduced coenzyme F420.


negative regulation of neurotrophin production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of a neurotrophin.


cellular response to dsDNA

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a double-stranded DNA stimulus.


4-aminobenzoate 3,4-dioxygenase (deaminating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobenzoate + 2 H+ + O2 + 2 e- = NH3 + 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.


S-layer organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an S-layer enveloping the cell. The S-layer is a crystalline protein layer surrounding some bacteria.


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-carotene + O2 = beta-apo-10'-carotenal + beta-ionone.


regulation of pyrimidine nucleoside transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a pyrimidine nucleoside into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


DNA strand resection involved in replication fork processing

The 5' to 3' exonucleolytic resection of DNA at the site of a stalled replication fork that contributes to replication fork processing.


theta DNA replication

A DNA-dependent DNA replication process in which a double-stranded DNA molecule is synthesized from a circular duplex template.


gibberellin binding

Binding to a gibberellin, a plant hormone that regulates aspects of plant growth.


delphinidin 3-O-glucoside 2''-O-glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + delphinidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside = H+ + delphinidin 3-O-sophoroside + UDP.


regulation of G2/MI transition of meiotic cell cycle

Any signaling pathway that modulates the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to MI phase of the meiotic cell cycle.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-fucosamine + NAD(P) = UDP-2-acetamido-4-dehydro-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-glucose + H+ + NAD(P)H.


hypochlorous acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving hypochlorous acid.


renal interstitial fibroblast fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a renal fibroblast.


lipid A metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipid A, the glycolipid group of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, consisting of four to six fatty acyl chains linked to two glucosamine residues. Further modifications of the backbone are common.


glutamate catabolic process to propionate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including propionate.


genkwanin 6-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: genkwanin + O2 + NADPH + H+ = scutellarein 7-methyl ether + H2O + NADP.


carotene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carotenes, hydrocarbon carotenoids.


tetrachlorobenzene dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichlorotoluene + NADH + H+ + O2 = 4,6-dichloro-3-methyl-cis-1,2-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene + NAD+.


Catalysis of the reaction: trans-L-3-hydroxyproline = 1-pyrroline-2-carboxylate + H2O + H+.


arachidonic acid 14,15-epoxygenase activity

Catalysis of an NADPH- and oxygen-dependent reaction that converts arachidonic acid to cis-14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid.


neuromast deposition

The process in which a migrating neuromast primordium deposits clusters of undifferentiated cells (proneuromasts) along its migratory path in a developing lateral line.


phosphatidylglycerol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylglycerols, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of glycerol.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucuronate + inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC) = UDP + GlcA-IPC.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoate + O2 = (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate.


fructose-1-phosphate aldolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-fructose-1-phosphate = dihydroxyacetone phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde.


positive regulation of trehalose catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of trehalose catabolic process.


non-glycolytic fermentation

Fermentation that does not include the anaerobic conversion of glucose to pyruvate via the glycolytic pathway.


mRNA 5'-cap (guanine-N7-)-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + G(5')pppR-RNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + m7G(5')pppR-RNA. m7G(5')pppR-RNA is mRNA containing an N7-methylguanine cap; R may be guanosine or adenosine.


atrial cardiac muscle cell-AV node cell adhesion involved in cell communication

The attachment of an atrial cardiomyocyte to an AV node cell via adhesion molecules that results in the cells being juxtaposed so that they can communicate.


pinoresinol reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pinoresinol + NADPH + H+ = lariciresinol + NADP+.


oocyte localization involved in germarium-derived egg chamber formation

Directed movement of the oocyte, following its specification, from its original central position in the cyst to a posterior position relative to the nurse cells of the egg chamber, and its maintenance in this posterior location. This is the first sign of anterior-posterior asymmetry in the developing egg chamber.


rhombomere 8 formation

The process that gives rise to rhombomere 8. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order.


stress response to cadmium ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis caused by a cadmium ion stimulus.


CoA-dependent peptidyl-lysine N6-myristoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl-[protein] + tetradecanoyl-CoA = CoA + H+ + N(6)-tetradecanoyl-L-lysyl-[protein].


positive regulation of collagen catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of collagen catabolism. Collagen catabolism is the proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix.


R3/R4 development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the R3 and R4 pair of photoreceptors in the eye over time, from their formation to the mature structures. R3 and R4 are paired photoreceptors that contribute to the outer rhabdomeres. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin-7-olate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + isorhamnetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


plant-type cell wall assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cellulose- and pectin-containing cell wall.


platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated a ligand binding to an alpha-type platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFalpha) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


glucose catabolic process to lactate

The anaerobic enzymatic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate, and possibly ethanol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).


P-type calcium transporter activity involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

A calcium-transporting P-type ATPase activity involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration.


D-lactate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-lactate + NAD+ = H+ + NADH + pyruvate.


hemangioblast cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the characteristics of a mature hemangioblast. Hemangioblasts are the proposed common precursor of blood and endothelial lineages.


2-isopropylmalate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (2S)-2-isopropylmalate + CoA + H+.


fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in neural plate anterior/posterior pattern formation

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands contributing to the anterior/posterior pattern of the neural plate.


O-hexanoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a hexyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.


negative regulation of podocyte apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular visceral epithelial cell apoptotic process.


protein-FAD linkage

The formation of a linkage between a protein amino acid and flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD).


Catalysis of the reaction: 16-hydroxypalmitate + NADP = H+ + 16-oxo-palmitate + NADPH.


Catalysis of the transfer of mannose-1-phosphate to a serine residue in a protein.


regulation of pentose catabolic process to ethanol

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pentose catabolic process to ethanol.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + cytidine56 in tRNA= S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2'-O-methylcytidine56 in tRNA.


prenol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving prenols, isoprenoids of general formula (H-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n-OH, any primary monohydroxy alcohol whose carbon skeleton consists of two or more isoprenoid residues linked head to tail.


establishment of protein localization to chloroplast

The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in a chloroplast.


phosphoglucan, water dikinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + [phospho-alpha-glucan] + H2O = AMP + O-phospho-[phospho-alpha-glucan] + phosphate.


fructan catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructan, a polysaccharide consisting of fructose residues.


Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxymonodemethylisoproturon + H2O = formaldehyde + 4'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)phenylurea + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


cibarial fish-trap bristle morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a cibarial fish-trap bristle are generated and organized. A cibarial fish-trap bristle is a sensory bristle on the anterior plate of the cibarium.


complement-dependent cytotoxicity

Cell killing caused by the membrane attack complex formed following complement activation.


DNA-templated viral transcription

A transcription process that uses a viral DNA as a template.


sulphoglycolysis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-sulfoquinovose(1-) resulting in the formation of glycerone phosphate (DHAP) and pyruvate.


cellular response to thiabendazole

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a thiabendazole stimulus.


cerebellar granular layer structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the cerebellar granule layer. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sorbose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + sorbose(out) = protein histidine + sorbose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


o-orsellinic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving o-orsellinic acid.


positive regulation of immunological synapse formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of immunological synapse formation.


negative aerotaxis

The directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration of environmental oxygen.


neurohypophysis formation

The process that gives rise to neurohypophysis. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The neurohypophysis is the part of the pituitary gland that secretes hormones involved in blood pressure regulation.


thiol sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + a thiol = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + an S-alkyl thiosulfate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxy-p-cumate + O2 = 2-hydroxy-3-carboxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate.


hydrogenase (acceptor) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2 + A = AH2.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: hexose(out) + H+(out) = hexose(in) + H+(in).


(+)-borneol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-borneol + NAD+ = (1R, 4R)-camphor + H+ + NADH.


negative regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell differentiation.


D-lyxose ketol-isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-lyxose = D-xylulose.


estradiol 6-beta-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + estradiol-17beta + O2 = 6beta-hydroxyestradiol-17beta + A + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane = HCl + unsym-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene. 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane is also known as DDMS; unsym-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDNU.


isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylbutanoyl-CoA + H+ + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] = 3-methyl-(2E)-butenoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein].


malate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + malate + CoA = ADP + phosphate + malyl-CoA.


positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching.


negative regulation of thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathway.


sulfolipid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sulfolipid, a compound containing a sulfonic acid residue joined by a carbon-sulfur bond to a lipid.


gibberellin A53, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A53 + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate = gibberellin A44 diacid + carbon dioxide + succinate.


negative regulation of octopamine or tyramine signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of octopamine or tyramine signaling pathway.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one + UDP-D-glucose = 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one 2-D-glucoside + UDP.


cell-cell adhesion in response to extracellular stimulus

The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules as a result of an extracellular stimulus.


alpha-santalene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-cis,6-cis-farnesyl diphosphate = (+)-alpha-santalene + diphosphoric acid.


protein desulfurization

The removal of a sulfur group from a protein amino acid.


intracellular threonine homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of threonine within a cell.


trans-synaptic signaling by lipid, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of lipid molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse.


cell wall proteoglycan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cell wall peptidoglycan, a group of glycoproteins that consist of a core-protein backbone O-glycosylated by one or more complex carbohydrates.


regulation of formation by symbiont of haustorium for nutrient acquisition from host

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont haustorium formation for nutrient acquisition from host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


ciliary basal body-plasma membrane docking

The docking of a cytosolic centriole/basal body to the plasma membrane via the ciliary transition fibers. In some species this may happen via an intermediate step, by first docking to the ciliary vesicle via the ciliary transition fibers. The basal body-ciliary vesicle then relocates to the plasma membrane, followed by the ciliary vesicle fusing with the plasma membrane, effectively attaching the basal body to the plasma membrane.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-formyl-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NADH + O2 = 4alpha-carboxy-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NAD + H2O.


fumagillin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving fumagillin.


glutaconate CoA-transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + (E)-glutaconate = acetate + glutaconyl-1-CoA.


chemorepulsion of branchiomotor axon

The process in which a branchiomotor neuron growth cone is directed to a specific target site in response to a repulsive chemical cue. Branchiomotor neurons are located in the hindbrain and innervate branchial arch-derived muscles that control jaw movements, facial expression, the larynx, and the pharynx.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sorbitol phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + sorbitol(out) = protein histidine + sorbitol phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate 6-phosphate = pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.


kynurenine 3-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-kynurenine + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O + NADP+.


regulation of estradiol secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of estradiol secretion.


hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = trimethylamine + hexadecanal + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


follicle cell of egg chamber stalk formation

Development of ovarian follicle cells to create the interfollicular stalks that connect the egg chambers of progressive developmental stages. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


negative regulation of light-activated channel activity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of light-activated channel activity.


sno(s)RNA transcription

The synthesis of snoRNA class RNA (also referred to as sRNA in Archaea) from a DNA template.


siderophore-iron transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(in) + H+(in).