spleen B cell corona

The area of the (spleen) secondary B follicle that surrounds the germinal center and harbors the small recirculating B lymphocytes.


Peyer's patch follicle

biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A lymphoid follicle that is part of a Peyer's patch.


nasal-associated lymphoid tissue

The lymphocytic cell population present in the mucosa of the nasopharyngeal duct of some animals.


gut-associated lymphoid tissue

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in digestive tract. includes Peyer's patches, appendix, and solitary lymph nodules[GO].


Peyer's patch

The protruding lymphoid tissue located on the mucosa of the intestine that is composed of densely packed B cell follicles.


appendix lymphoid tissue

Lymphoid tissue located in the appendix.


tonsil

Either of the two small almond-shaped masses of lymph tissue found on either side of the oropharynx.


pharyngeal tonsil

The lymph tissue in the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx.


germinal center

A collection of activated B cells at the center of a secondary follicle, formed after B cells become activated and migrate to the center.


spleen primary B follicle

The nodules of small undifferentiated B lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells located in the spleen white pulp.


lymph node follicle

A lymphoid follicle that is part of a lymph node.


palatine tonsil

Tonsils on the left and right sides at the back of the throat. one of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT), located at the entrance to the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts to protect the body from the entry of exogenous material through mucosal sites[WP].


lymphoid follicle

Nodular structures composed of lymphocytes. In the absence of immune stimulation, they ae called primary follicles and are composed of small B-lymphocytes. With antigenic stimulation the B-lymphocytes replicate and differentiate, to give rise to secondary follicles which are composed of germinal centers and are surrounded by mantle zones.


lymph node germinal center light zone

Lymph node germinal centers contain two microenvironments: the light zone and the dark zone. The light zone is sparsely populated with B cells and includes additional cell types such as follicular dendritic cells, lymph node tingible macrophages and T follicular helper cells.


primary lymphoid nodule of tonsil

A primary nodular lymphoid tissue that is part of a tonsil.


thymus lymphoid tissue

A portion of lymphoid tissue that is part of a thymus [Automatically generated definition].


primary nodular lymphoid tissue

A lymphoid follicle containing naive B cells.


lymph node paracortex

The lymph node paracortex is the middle layer of the lymph node and is mostly populated by T cells and dendritic cells. The paracortex also contains specialised blood vessels called high endothelial venules which allow lymphocytes to enter the node.


Peyer's patch germinal center

Area of the Peyer's patch where B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells.


secondary follicle corona

The part of the secondary follicle that surrounds the germinal center.


cecal tonsil

A thickened round patch of lymphoid tissue located at the ileocecal junction adjacent to the sacculus rotundus.


spleen lymphoid follicle

The area of the white pulp where the affinity maturation of B cells and the generation of memory B cells and plasma cells occur.


bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue

A diffuse collection of lymphpoid cells that participate in airway immune responses.


spleen follicular dendritic cell network

The enmeshed group of antigen presenting cells with extensive dendritic processes in the spleen B cell follicle that present antigen to B cells during an immune response.


lymph node germinal center mantle zone

A part of the secondary follicle in which naive B cells reside along with some helper T cells, macrophages and follicular dendritic cells; these are displaced by the expanding germinal centre and form a 'mantle' around it.


small intestine Peyer's patch

Nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine.


lymph node interfollicular cortex

Follicules in the lymph node are surrounded and separated by the interfollicular cortex. Together with the lymph node follicle, the interfollicular cortex of the lymph node lobule make up the superficial cortex of the lymph node. Capillaries empty into the high endothelial venules located in the interfollicular cortex. The interfollicular cortex also serves as transit corriders for lymphocytes migrating between the B and T cell areas.


biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:ThingWithTaxon

Brachymorphism-onychodysplasia-dysphalangism (BOD) is a very rare malformation syndrome that is characterized by short stature, hypoplastic fifth digits with tiny dysplastic nails, facial dysmorphism with coarse features including a wide mouth and broad nose, and mild intellectual disability. It has been suggested that Coffin-Siris syndrome and BOD syndrome are perhaps allelic variants.


erythema elevatum diutinum

Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a distinctive form of chronic cutaneous vasculitis, belonging to the group of the neutrophilic dermatoses.


Maternally Derived Graft Versus Host Disease

Graft versus host disease (GVHD) that occurs in an infant as the result of engraftment of maternal lymphocytes, resulting from in utero maternal-fetal cellular trafficking.


multiple skull base meningioma

Multiple meningiomas that affect the skull base.


lactose catabolic process via tagatose-6-phosphate

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactose, via the intermediate tagatose-6-phosphate.


sucrose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, the disaccharide fructofuranosyl-glucopyranoside.


ajugose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ajugose, the hexasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside.


lipopolysaccharide core region metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the core region of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, which contains ten saccharide residues. The structure of this core oligosaccharide appears to be similar in closely related bacterial strains.


lactose catabolic process via UDP-galactose

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactose, via the intermediate UDP-galactose.


cellotriose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cellotriose.


trehalose metabolism in response to heat stress

The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose that occur as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.


trehalose catabolism in response to heat stress

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the degradation of trehalose that occur as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.


melibiose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of melibiose, the disaccharide 6-O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose.


trehalose biosynthesis in response to heat stress

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of trehalose that occur as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.


verbascose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving verbascose, the pentasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside.


stachyose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving stachyose, the tetrasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside.


sucrose catabolic process via 3'-ketosucrose

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, which proceeds via the conversion of sucrose to 3'-ketosucrose. 3'-ketosucrose is hydrolyzed to 3-ketoglucose and fructose, and the 3-ketoglucose is then be converted to glucose.


raffinose family oligosaccharide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs, such as raffinose, stachyose, verbascose and other molecules with a higher degree of galactosyl polymerization).


trehalose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of trehalose, a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi.


verbascose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of verbascose, the pentasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside.


lipopolysaccharide core region biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the core region of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, which contains ten saccharide residues.


cellodextrin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cellodextrin.


melibiose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of melibiose, the disaccharide 6-O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose.


sucrose catabolic process to fructose-6-phosphate through glucose and fructose

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, to yield fructose-6-phosphate through both glucose and fructose intermediates.


disaccharide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of disaccharides, sugars composed of two monosaccharide units.


trehalose metabolism in response to cold stress

The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose that occur as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism.


stachyose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of stachyose, the tetrasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside.


sucrose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sucrose, the disaccharide fructofuranosyl-glucopyranoside.


cyclodextrin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cyclodextrin.


cyclodextrin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a cyclodextrin.


lactose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactose, the disaccharide galactopyranosyl-glucose.


maltoheptaose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a maltoheptaose.


ajugose biosynthetic process using galactinol:raffinose galactosyltransferase

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ajugose, the hexasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, by a pathway in which galactinol:raffinose galactosyltransferase catalyzes chain elongation by transferring the alpha-galactosyl residue of galactinol to the oligosaccharide.


cellobiose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cellobiose.


raffinose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of raffinose, the trisaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside.


raffinose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of raffinose, the trisaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 6-alpha-maltosylglucose, also known as isopanose.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving 6-alpha-maltosylglucose, also known as isopanose.


maltoheptaose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a maltoheptaose.


maltose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the disaccharide maltose (4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose).


cellotriose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a cellotriose.


cellooligosaccharide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cellooligosaccharide.


sucrose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving sucrose, the disaccharide fructofuranosyl-glucopyranoside.


cellooligosaccharide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a cellooligosaccharide.


cellobiose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a cellobiose.


trehalose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of trehalose, a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi.


raffinose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving raffinose, the trisaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside.


ajugose biosynthetic process using galactan:galactan galactosyltransferase

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ajugose, the hexasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, by a pathway in which galactan:galactan galactosyltransferase catalyzes chain elongation by transferring the alpha-galactosyl residue of one raffinose-family oligosaccharide to another.


trehalose metabolism in response to stress

The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose that occur as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress.


trehalose metabolism in response to water deprivation

The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose that occur as a result of deprivation of water.


lactose catabolic process, using glucoside 3-dehydrogenase

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactose, catalyzed by the enzyme glucoside 3-dehydrogenase.


maltose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the disaccharide maltose (4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose).


cellodextrin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a cellodextrin.


melibiose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving melibiose, the disaccharide 6-O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose.


aerobic raffinose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of raffinose that occur in the presence of oxygen.


ajugose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ajugose, the hexasaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-alpha-maltosylglucose, also known as isopanose.


trehalose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose, a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi.


sucrose catabolic process to fructose-6-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, which proceeds by phosphorylation of sucrose to form sucrose-6-phosphate. The subsequent actions of a hydrolase and a fructokinase generate fructose-6-phosphate and glucose-6-phosphate.


renal zinc excretion

The elimination of zinc ions from peritubular capillaries (or surrounding hemolymph in invertebrates) into the renal tubules to be incorporated subsequently into the urine.


lysophagy

The selective autophagy process in which a damaged lysosome is degraded by macroautophagy.


process utilizing autophagic mechanism

A cellular process involving delivery of a portion of the cytoplasm to lysosomes or to the plant or fungal vacuole that does not involve direct transport through the endocytic or vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) pathways. This process typically leads to degradation of the cargo; however, it can also be used to deliver resident proteins, such as in the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting (Cvt) pathway.


glycophagy

The selective degradation of glycogen by macroautophagy.


ribophagy

The selective degradation of mature ribosomes by macroautophagy.


micromitophagy

Degradation of a mitochondrion by microautophagy.


mitophagy by internal vacuole formation

The process in which cells degrade mitochondria by inducing a vacuole-like structure which directly engulfs and degrades the unhealthy mitochondria by accumulating lysosomes.


micropexophagy

Degradation of a peroxisome by microautophagy.


proteaphagy

The selective degradation of proteasomes by macroautophagy.


pexophagy

The selective autophagy process in which a peroxisome is degraded by macroautophagy.


reticulophagy

The selective autohagy process in which parts of the endoplasmic reticulum are loaded into autophagosomes, delivered to the vacuole, and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions.


lipophagy

The selective degradation of lipid droplets by macroautophagy.


microlipophagy

Degradation of a lipid droplet by microautophagy.


late endosomal microautophagy

The autophagy process by which cytosolic proteins targeted for degradation are tagged with a chaperone and are directly transferred into and degraded in a late endosomal compartment.


SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, docking

The process in which an SRP-bound ribosome forms a complex with the SRP receptor in the ER membrane, allowing the ribosome to bind to the membrane, during cotranslational membrane targeting.


normokalemic periodic paralysis

An autosomal dominant inherited non-dystrophic myotonia caused by mutations of the SCN4A gene, resulting in sodium muscle channelopathy. Currently, it is considered a variant of hyperkalemic periodic paralysis.  Patients with normokalemic periodic paralysis do not have any change in their potassium levels during weakness, but become weak when they ingest potassium.


granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor production

The appearance of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate and N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine, via the intermediates diaminopimelate and N-succinyl-2-amino-6-ketopimelate; in this pathway tetrahydrodipicolinate is converted to meso-diaminopimelate in four enzymatic steps.


cranial ganglion maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cranial ganglion to attain its fully functional state.


ganglion maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for ganglion to attain its fully functional state.


trigeminal ganglion maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a trigeminal ganglion to attain its fully functional state.


Harel-Yoon syndrome

A syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability, truncal hypotonia, spasticity, and peripheral neuropathy.


focal labyrinthitis

A labyrinthitis which is an infectious inflammatory disease of a circumscribed area of either the vestibular or the cochlear portion of the labyrinth, or of both together. This is caused by a chronic suppurative otitis media, mastoiditis, or cholesteatoma.


viral labyrinthitis

An labyrinthitis caused by infection with Viruses.


serous labyrinthitis

A labyrinthitits in which bacterial toxins invade the inner ear. It is the most common complication of acute or chronic middle ear infections.


purulent labyrinthitis

A labyrinthitis which is a bacterial infectious disease of the inner ear, often causing deafness and loss of vestibular function. This is caused when bacteria spread to the inner ear during the course of severe acute otitis media, purulent meningitis, or an enlarging cholesteatoma.


biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: a 6-methoxy-3-methyl-2-all-trans-polyprenyl-1,4-benzoquinol + AH2 + O2 = A + a 3-demethylubiquinol + H2O.


negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle cell fate commitment

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle cell fate commitment.


positive regulation of pheromone-dependent signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of pheromone-dependent signal transduction during conjugation with cellular fusion, a signal transduction process resulting in the relay, amplification or dampening of a signal generated in response to pheromone exposure in organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion.


regulation of pheromone-dependent signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pheromone-dependent signal transduction during conjugation with cellular fusion, a signal transduction process resulting in the relay, amplification or dampening of a signal generated in response to pheromone exposure in organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion.


negative regulation of pheromone-dependent signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of pheromone-dependent signal transduction during conjugation with cellular fusion, a signal transduction process resulting in the relay, amplification or dampening of a signal generated in response to pheromone exposure in organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion.


Esophagitis caused by Cytomegalovirus

Inflammation of the esophagus that is associated with cytomegalovirus.


Recurrent Fibrosarcoma

The reemergence of fibrosarcoma after a period of remission.


Peritoneum injury with open wound into cavity

Trauma to the peritoneum associated with a break in the tissue that extends into the abdominal cavity.


Catalysis of the reaction: gamma-aminovinylacetate + H2O = succinic semialdehyde + NH3.


vitamin D3 biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vitamin D3.


phylloquinone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phylloquinone, vitamin K1, a quinone-derived compound synthesized by green plants.


aerobic cobalamin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the presence of oxygen.


vitamin E biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vitamin E, tocopherol, which includes a series of eight structurally similar compounds. Alpha-tocopherol is the most active form in humans and is a powerful biological antioxidant.


'de novo' pyridoxal 5'-phosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6, from simpler components.


thiamine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.


vitamin A biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of the vitamin A compounds, retinol, retinal (retinaldehyde) and retinoic acid. Animals cannot synthesize vitamin A de novo, but form it through oxidative cleavage of carotenoids.


folic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of folic acid, pteroylglutamic acid.


riboflavin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of riboflavin (vitamin B2), the precursor for the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).


anaerobic cobalamin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cobalamin (vitamin B12) in the absence of oxygen.


L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process via GDP-alpha-D-mannose

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-ascorbic acid via the intermediate GDP-alpha-D-mannose.


thiamine diphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thiamine diphosphate, a derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1) which acts as a coenzyme in a range of processes including the Krebs cycle.


pyridoxal phosphate biosynthetic process from pyridoxamine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyridoxal phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6, from pyridoxamine.


L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process via UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-ascorbic acid via the intermediate UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.


thiamine salvage

A process that generates thiamine (vitamin B1) from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.


pyridoxal biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, one of the vitamin B6 compounds.


vitamin K biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of the forms of vitamin K, quinone-derived vitamins which are involved in the synthesis of blood-clotting factors in mammals.


pyridoxal 5'-phosphate salvage

Any process that generates pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.


thiamine-containing compound biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thiamine (vitamin B1), and related compounds.


adherens junction disassembly

The disaggregation of an adherens junction into its constituent components. An adherens junction is a cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments.


zonula adherens assembly

Assembly of the zonula adherens, a cell-cell adherens junction which forms a continuous belt near the apex of epithelial cells.


nephrocyte diaphragm assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a nephrocyte diaphragm, a specialized cell-cell junction found between nephrocytes of the insect kidney.


mueller-weiss syndrome

A rare bone disease characterized by spontaneous adult-onset tarsal navicular osteonecrosis. Patients present with chronic mid- and hindfoot pain, swelling and tenderness over the dorsomedial aspect of the midfoot, flattening of the medial longitudinal arch, and pes planovarus. Radiographic findings include comma-shaped deformity due to collapse of the lateral part of the navicular bone and medial or dorsal protrusion of a portion or the entire bone. The condition may be bilateral or asymmetric and associated with pathological fractures.


orthodentine

Odontoid tissue that typically contains tubules and is acellular.


H syndrome

A systemic inherited histiocytosis, with characteristic cutaneous findings accompanying systemic manifestations. H syndrome refers to the major clinical findings of hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, hepatosplenomegaly, heart anomalies, hearing loss, hypogonadism, low height, and occasionally, hyperglycemia/diabetes mellitus. Due to overlapping clinical features, H syndrome is now considered to include pigmented hypertrichosis with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus syndrome (PHID), Faisalabad histiocytosis (FHC) and familial sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (FSHML).


sacral lymph node

A lymph node located in the sacral region.


candidemia

A form of invasive candidiasis where species of candida are present in the blood.


candidiasis, invasive

A fungal infection by any of the Candida species in a sterile body compartment.


gastro-splenic ligament

Peritoneum connecting the greater curvature of stomach with the hilum of the spleen[umich]. part of the greater omentum; derived from the dorsal mesogastrium in the embryo.


nonskeletal ligament

A ligament that does not connect two skeletal elements.


gubernaculum (male or female)

Embryonic structures which begin as undifferentiated mesenchyme attaching to the caudal end of the gonads. The gubernaculum is present only during the development of the urinary and reproductive organs, being replaced by distinct vestiges in males and females[WP]. Enitoinguinal ligaments that, in the male, connect the fetal testis to the developing scrotum, and, in the female, connect the ovaries to the uterus[MP].


hyoepiglottic ligament

An elastic band connecting the anterior surface of the epiglottis to the upper border of the body of the hyoid bone.


ovarian ligament

A fibrous ligament that connects the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus.


suspensory ligament of lens

The zonule of Zinn (Zinn's membrane, ciliary zonule) is a ring of fibrous strands connecting the ciliary body with the crystalline lens of the eye. The zonule of Zinn is split into two layers: a thin layer, which lines the hyaloid fossa, and a thicker layer, which is a collection of zonular fibers. Together, the fibers are known as the suspensory ligament of the lens[WP]. Modified or toughened vitreous that suspend the lens at the equator to the non-pigmented epithelium of the ciliary zone. In zebrafish, dorsal zonules are thickened as compared to ventral zonules. In both dorsal and ventral regions, these fibers delimit the vitreous body aqueous humor boundary[ZFA].


cricopharyngeal ligament

Laryngeal ligament that connects the cricoid cartilage to the pharynx[WP,modified].


suspensory ligament of duodenum

A thin muscle connecting the junction between the duodenum, jejunum, and duodenojejunal flexure to connective tissue surrounding the superior mesenteric artery and coeliac artery.


hepatoduodenal ligament

The hepatoduodenal ligament is the portion of the lesser omentum extending between the porta hepatis of the liver and the superior part of the duodenum.


coronary ligament of liver

The coronary ligament of the liver refers to parts of the peritoneal reflections that hold the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm.


round ligament of liver

A degenerative string of tissue that exists in the free edge of the falciform ligament of the liver. Anatomically, the round ligament divides the left part of the liver into medial and lateral sections. The round ligament represents the remnant of the fetal left umbilical vein. The round ligament therefore only exists in mammals. Prenatally and for a month or two after birth, the left umbilical vein is patent, subsequently degenerating to fibrous tissue, the round ligament. The umbilical vein/round ligament inserts around the umbilicus and is an important landmark of the inner surface of the anterior abdominal wall[WP].


median thyrohyoid ligament

The middle thicker part of the thyrohyoid membrane is termed the median thyrohyoid ligament (middle hyothyroid ligament, middle thyrohyoid ligament), its lateral thinner portions are pierced by the superior laryngeal vessels and the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. Its anterior surface is in relation with the Thyreohyoideus, Sternohyoideus, and Omohyoideus, and with the body of the hyoid bone.


spiral ligament

A spiral thickening of the fibrous lining of the cochlear wall. Spiral ligament secures the membranous cochlear duct to the bony spiral canal of the cochlea. Its spiral ligament fibrocytes function in conjunction with the stria vascularis to mediate cochlear ion homeostasis.


ligament of larynx

A ligament that is part of a larynx and connexts the cartilages of the larynx.


cricotracheal ligament

The cricotracheal ligament connects the cricoid cartilage with the first ring of the trachea[WP]. The caudal border of the cricoid cartilage is joined to the first ring of the trachea by this ligament. It is an extrinsic laryngeal ligament. It resembles the fibrous membrane which connects the cartilaginous rings of the trachea to each other.


ligament of liver

A nonskeletal ligament that is part of a liver.


gubernaculum testis

The fetal ligament attached to the inferior end of the epididymis and testis and, at its other end, to the bottom of the scrotum; it is present during, and is thought to guide, the descent of the testis into the scrotum and then atrophies.


cricoarytenoid ligament

Laryngeal ligament that connects the cricoid and arytenoid cartilages[WP,modified].


suspensory ligament of testis

The cranial atrophic portion of the urogenital ridge attached to the cranial pole of the intraabdominal embryonic testis.


thyrohyoid ligament

Either of the two thyrohyoid ligaments (middle or lateral) that extend between the thyroid and the hyoid.


vestibular ligament

The vestibular fold is a fibroelastic band which passes from the ventral margin of the cuneiform cartilage to the cranial dorsal surface of the thyroid cartilage. It forms the support for the free edge of the vestibular fold.


lieno-renal ligament

Peritoneum that attaches the spleen to the posterior abdominal wall over the left kidney. develops from the dorsal mesogastrium of the embryo[umich].


suspensory ligament of ovary

A fold of peritoneum that extends out from the ovary to the wall of the pelvis.


round ligament of uterus

The round ligament of the uterus originates at the uterine horns, in the parametrium. It leaves the pelvis via the deep inguinal ring, passes through the inguinal canal and continues on to the labia majora where its fibers spread and mix with the tissue of the mons pubis[WP]. A fibromuscular band that attaches to the uterus and then passes along the broad ligament, out through the inguinal ring, and into the labium majus[MESH].


cricothyroid ligament

This attaches the caudal border of the thyroid cartilage to the ventral arch of the cricoid cartilage. Its sheetlike ventral portion is sometimes referred to as the cricothyroid membrane. Being elastic, it 'balances' movement at the hinge-like cricothyroid joint and determines the resting position of the larynx when the muscles are relaxed[MURDOCH]. The cricothyroid ligament is the larger part of the laryngeal membrane, continuing inferiorly as a median or anterior part and twin lateral ligaments. The median cricothyroid ligament is a flat band of white tissue joining the cricoid and thyroid cartilages, while the lateral cricothyroid ligament is also known as the cricothyroid membrane (also called conus elasticus).


crico-esophageal tendon

Longitudinal fibers of the esophagus that attaches to the posterior aspect of the cricoid cartilage of the larynx.


cranial suspensory ligament

Connects the cranial tip of the future gonad to the dorsocranial abdominal cavity.


posterior incudal ligament

A fold of mucous membrane that runs from the fossa incudus to the incus.


falciform ligament

A ligament that attaches the liver to the anterior body wall. It is a broad and thin antero-posterior peritoneal fold, falciform in shape, its base being directed downward and backward and its apex upward and backward. It is a remnant of the ventral mesentery of the fetus. It is situated in an antero-posterior plane but lies obliquely, so that one surface faces forward and is in contact with the peritoneum behind the right rectus and the diaphragm, while the other is directed backward and is in contact with the left lobe of the liver. It is attached by its left margin to the under surface of the diaphragm and the posterior surface of the sheath of the right Rectus as low down as the umbilicus; by its right margin it extends from the notch on the anterior margin of the liver, as far back as the posterior surface. It is composed of two layers of peritoneum closely united together. Its base or free edge contains between its layers the round ligament and the paraumbilical veins[WP].


hepatogastric ligament

Ligament extending between the liver and stomach.


annular ligament of stapes

A ring of fibrous tissue that connects the base of the stapes to the oval window of the inner ear.


thyroepiglottic ligament

Laryngeal ligament that connects the epiglottis to the thyroid cartilage[WP,modified].


suspensory ligament

A ligament that supports a body part, especially an organ.


gubernaculum (female)

A gubernaculum that is part of a female reproductive system.


lateral thyrohyoid ligament

The lateral thyrohyoid ligament (lateral hyothyroid ligament) is a round elastic cord, which forms the posterior border of the hyothyroid membrane and passes between the tip of the superior cornu of the thyroid cartilage and the extremity of the greater cornu of the hyoid bone. The recurrent laryngeal nerve typical lies lateral to this ligament.


melibiose transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of melibiose from one side of a membrane to the other. Melibiose is the disaccharide 6-O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose and occurs as a constituent of the trisaccharide raffinose or in the exudates and nectaries of a number of plants.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: melibiose(out) + Na+(out) = melibiose(in) + Na+(in).


melibiose:monoatomic cation symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: melibiose(out) + monovalent cation(out) = melibiose(in) + monovalent cation(in).


cellular response to neutral pH

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a neutral pH (pH close to 7) stimulus. pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.


Recurrent Acute Monocytic Leukemia

The reemergence of acute monocytic leukemia after a period of remission.


Acute monocytic/monoblastic leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia in which 80% or more of the leukemic cells are of monocytic lineage, including monoblasts, promonocytes, and monocytes. Bleeding disorders are common presenting features.


Childhood Acute Monoblastic Leukemia

An acute monoblastic leukemia occurring in children.


acute monoblastic/monocytic leukemia in relapse

The reemergence of acute monoblastic and monocytic leukemia after a period of remission.


Adult Acute Monoblastic Leukemia

An acute monoblastic leukemia occurring in adults.


Refractory Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia

Acute monoblastic and monocytic leukemia that does not respond to treatment.


Adult Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia

An acute monoblastic and monocytic leukemia occurring in adults.


adult acute monocytic leukemia

A acute monocytic leukemia that occurs in an adult.


aleukemic monocytic leukemia cutis

Aleukemic leukemia cutis where the skin in infiltrated by neoplastic monocytes.


Childhood Acute Monocytic Leukemia

An acute monocytic leukemia occurring in children.


Childhood Acute Monoblastic and Monocytic Leukemia

An acute monoblastic and monocytic leukemia occurring in children.


Tonic Neck Reflex

biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:ThingWithTaxon

An involuntary, primal response in the neonate in which the arm extends to follow the infant's gaze, while the opposing arm and leg flex inward.


Developmental Finding

Symptoms, physical examination results, and/or laboratory test results related to physical, emotional, behavioral, or social development.


Iatrogenic Growth Failure

Growth failure due to medical intervention.


Periventricular Hemorrhage of the Newborn

Bleeding into the brain tissue adjacent to the lateral cerebral ventricles of newborn infant.


Small for Gestational Age for Weight and Length

Birth weight and length greater than two standard deviations below the mean for the reference population of the same sex and gestational age.


Sucking Reflex

An involuntary, primal response in the neonate when a nipple is placed on an infant's lips.


Step Reflex

An involuntary, primal response in the neonate to take brisk steps when the feet are placed on a surface whilst in a supported standing position.


Small for Gestational Age for Weight

Birth weight greater than two standard deviations below the mean for the reference population of the same sex and gestational age.


Rooting Reflex

An involuntary, primal response in the neonate to search for the nipple when the cheek is touched.


Infantile Colic

Paroxysms of irritability, fussing or crying that starts and stops without obvious cause in an infant up to four months of age without failure to thrive. Episodes last three or more hours per day for at least three days per week for at least on week.


Small for Gestational Age with Failure of Catch-Up Growth

A condition in which a child who was born small for gestational age, fails to achieve a linear growth rate sufficient to restore height to within the normal range for the reference population.


Transient Leukemoid Reaction of the Newborn

Increased white blood cell count and increased neutrophil precursors resembling leukemia in a neonate or fetus. Often, this is a response to medications received, infection or Down syndrome.


Newborn or Infant Finding

Clinical, laboratory or molecular evidence, or absence of evidence of disease in a neonate or infant.


Failure to thrive in infant

A clinical finding indicating less than normal growth in infancy.


Growth Failure of Unknown Etiology

Subnormal linear growth rate in an infant, child or adolescent based on the normative values for the age and sex of the reference population; the cause of the growth failure is unknown.


Intraventricular (nontraumatic) hemorrhage, grade 1, of fetus and newborn

Bleeding into the thick layer of immature cells under the ependymal lining at the ventrolateral aspect of the lateral cerebral ventricles of a newborn.


Failure of Catch-Up Growth

Failure to achieve a linear growth rate sufficient to restore height to within the normative range for the reference population.


Small for Gestational Age for Length

Birth length greater than two standard deviations below the mean for the reference population of the same sex and gestational age.


Infant Reflex

Primitive reflex actions that newborns display in response to specific stimuli. These reflexes are involuntary and most disappear as the infant matures.


Galant Reflex

An involuntary, primal response in the neonate in which a finger is run down one side of the spine and the neonate laterally flexes toward that side.


Grasp Reflex

An involuntary, primal response in the neonate to grasp the fingers when their palm is touched. This reflex is present until six months of age.


Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage of the Newborn

Bleeding into the brain tissue of a newborn infant.


Moro Reflex

An involuntary, primal response in the neonate to loud noise or the feeling of falling. The response is characterized by the infant's arms symmetrically spreading out to the side and then back to the midline, and involuntarily flexing the fingers and toes.


Plantar Grasp Reflex

A newborn reflex that is characterized by flexion of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked.


negative regulation of stomach neuroendocrine cell differentiation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the differentiation of a neuroendocrine cell in the stomach.


regulation of stomach neuroendocrine cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the differentiation of a neuroendocrine cell in the stomach.


RD3-related retinopathy

Any retinopathy caused by variants in the RD3 gene.


Leber congenital amaurosis 12

Any Leber congenital amaurosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the RD3 gene.


mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 14


3,4-dihydrocoumarin hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydrocoumarin + H2O = 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl) propionate.


negative regulation of angiotensin-activated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the angiotensin-activated signaling pathway.


dense regular connective tissue

Connective tissue that is dominated by collagen fibres organized into a definitive pattern (e.g., parallel to one another), with comparatively fewer cells (mostly fibroblasts).


dense connective tissue

Dense connective tissue is mainly composed of collagen type I. Crowded between the collagen fibers are rows of fibroblasts, fiber-forming cells, that manufacture the fibers. Dense connective tissue forms strong, rope-like structures such as tendons and ligaments. Tendons attach skeletal muscles to bones; ligaments connect bones to bones at joints. Ligaments are more stretchy and contain more elastic fibers than tendons. Dense connective tissue also make up the lower layers of the skin (dermis), where it is arranged in sheets.


dense irregular connective tissue

Irregular connective tissue is an irregular connective tissue, the intercellular matrix of which contains a dense irregular network of collagen and elastic fiber bundles. Examples: connective tissue of peritoneum, connective tissue of fibrous pericardium.


RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat T4 phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat--phospho-L-threonine (consensus YSPTSPS)(position 4) + H2O = RNA polymerase II large subunit + phosphate.


glycerol-3-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O = glycerol + phosphate.


protein tyrosine phosphatase activity, metal-dependent

Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate. This reaction requires metal ions.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,4,6-tetrakisphosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 8-phospho-3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonate + H2O = 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate + phosphate.


thymidylate 5'-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: thymidylate + H2O = thymidine + phosphate.


3-phosphoglycerate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phospho-D-glycerate + H2O = D-glycerate + phosphate.


[3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (lipoamide)]-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + O-phospho-L-seryl-[3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase] = L-seryl-[3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase] + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 2',3'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 3'-phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: [acetyl-CoA carboxylase]-phosphate + H2O = [acetyl-CoA carboxylase] + phosphate.


calcium-dependent phospholipase C activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylcholine + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + choline phosphate. This reaction requires Ca2+.


ecdysone-phosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ecdysone 22-phosphate + H2O = ecdysone + hydrogenphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1-phosphate + H2O = 2-carboxy-D-arabinitol + phosphate.


calmodulin-activated 3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic GMP + H2O = GMP + H+; this activity is activated by binding to calcium-bound calmodulin.


Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate + H2O = dihydrosphingosine + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate + H2O = beta-D-fructofuranose 2-phosphate + phosphate.


phosphodiesterase activity, acting on 3'-phosphoglycolate-terminated DNA strands

Catalysis of the hydrolytic removal of phosphoglycolate from the 3'-terminus of a 3'-phosphoglycolate-terminated DNA strand.


sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase D activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + sphingomyelin = ceramide 1-phosphate + choline + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactose-1-phosphate + H2O = D-galactose + phosphate.


diisopropyl-fluorophosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: diisopropyl fluorophosphate + H2O = diisopropyl phosphate + 2 H+ + hydrogen fluoride.


Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + H2O = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: ceramide-1-phosphate + H2O = ceramide+ phosphate.


trehalose-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trehalose 6-phosphate + H2O = trehalose + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: (2R)-O-phospho-3-sulfolactate + H2O = (R)-3-sulfolactate + phosphate.


pseudouridine 5'-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pseudouridine 5'-phosphate + H2O = pseudouridine + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-amino-6-(5-phosphoribitylamino)-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione + H2O = 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione + orthophosphate.


acid sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + sphingomyelin = ceramide + choline phosphate + H+ in an acidic environment.


streptomycin-6-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + streptomycin 6-phosphate = phosphate + streptomycin.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 5-phosphate = an 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + phosphate.


protein histidine phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: protein histidine phosphate + H2O = protein histidine + phosphate.


glucosylglycerol 3-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-O-(beta-D-glucosyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O = 2-O-(beta-D-glucosyl)-sn-glycerol + phosphate.


RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat Y1 phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat--phospho-L-tyrosine (consensus YSPTSPS)(position 1) + H2O = RNA polymerase II large subunit + phosphate.


IMP 5'-nucleotidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-IMP + H2O = inosine + phosphate.


D,D-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-beta-D-heptose 1,7-bisphosphate + H2O = D-beta-D-heptose 1-phosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + phosphoenolpyruvate = phosphate + pyruvate.


[phosphorylase] phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: [phosphorylase a] + 4 H2O = 2 [phosphorylase b] + 4 phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acylneuraminate 9-phosphate + H2O = N-acylneuraminate + phosphate.


dGTPase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dGTP + H2O = 2'-deoxyguanosine + 2 H+ + triphosphate.


3'-nucleotidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 3'-ribonucleotide + H2O = a ribonucleoside + phosphate.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of 5'-phosphotyrosyl groups formed as covalent intermediates (in DNA backbone breakage) between DNA topoisomerase II and DNA.


5-phytase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + myo-inositol hexakisphosphate = phosphate + 1L-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate.


glycerol-2-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycerol 2-phosphate + H2O = glycerol + phosphate.


histidinol-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-histidinol phosphate + H2O = L-histidinol + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: inositol-1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate + H2O = inositol-1,3,4-trisphosphate + phosphate.


glucose-1-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + H2O = D-glucose + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 2,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 2,4,6-trisphosphate + phosphate.


RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat S2 phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat--phospho-L-serine (consensus YSPTSPS)(position 2) + H2O = RNA polymerase II large subunit + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + serine phosphoethanolamine = H+ + phosphoethanolamine + serine.


caldesmon-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: caldesmon phosphate + H2O = caldesmon + phosphate.


phosphocholine phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: choline phosphate + H2O = choline + phosphate.


sorbitol-6-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucitol 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucitol + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: inositol-1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + H2O = inositol-1,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate + phosphate.


tyrosyl-RNA phosphodiesterase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a 5' tyrosyl-RNA phosphodiester bond between a protein and RNA. In picornaviruses, this covalent bond connects VPg, a viral-encoded protein essential for RNA replication, to the 5' end of all nascent picornavirus genomes; it is cleaved from viral RNA prior to its engaging in protein synthesis.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate + H2O = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol phosphate + phosphate.


ribitol-5-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ribitol-5-phosphate + H20 = ribitol + phosphate.


photoreceptor cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside phosphate. This reaction is the hydrolysis of bonds in a cyclic nucleotide.


Catalysis of the reaction: galactose-1-phosphate + H2O = galactose + phosphate.


RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat S5 phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat--phospho-L-serine (consensus YSPTSPS)(position 5) + H2O = RNA polymerase II large subunit + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = choline phosphate + glycerol + H+.


alkylacetylglycerophosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + H2O = 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycerol + phosphate.


phosphoglycerate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phospho-D-glycerate + H2O = D-glycerate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: guanosine 3',5'-bis(diphosphate) + H2O = guanosine 5'-diphosphate + diphosphate.


dolichyl-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dolichyl phosphate + H2O = dolichol + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: (9S,10S)-10-hydroxy-9-(phosphonooxy)octadecanoate + H2O = (9S,10S)-9,10-dihydroxyoctadecanoate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,4-trisphosphate + phosphate.


mannosyl-inositol phosphorylceramide phospholipase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: mannosyl-inositol phosphorylceramide + H2O = C26-phytoceramide + mannosylphosphorylinositol.


phosphatidylglycerophosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylglycerophosphate + H2O = phosphatidylglycerol + phosphate.


triphosphoric monoester hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a triphosphoester to give a triphosphate group and a free hydroxyl group.


deoxynucleotide 3'-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a deoxynucleoside 3'-phosphate + H2O = a deoxynucleoside + phosphate.


protein arginine phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: protein arginine phosphate + H2O = protein arginine + phosphate.


cardiolipin hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of cardiolipin (1,3-bis(3-phosphatidyl)glycerol), releasing phosphatidic acid (PA).


deoxynucleoside triphosphate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dNTP + H2O = 2'-deoxynucleoside + H+ + triphosphate.


acireductone synthase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: 5-(methylthio)-2,3-dioxopentyl phosphate + H2O = 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + phosphate; (1a) 5-(methylthio)-2,3-dioxopentyl phosphate = 2-hydroxy-5-(methylthio)-3-oxopent-1-enyl phosphate; (1b) 2-hydroxy-5-(methylthio)-3-oxopent-1-enyl phosphate + H2O = 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + phosphate.


NADPH phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADPH + H2O = NADH + hydrogenphosphate.


5-phospho-alpha-D-ribosyl 1,2-cyclic phosphate phosphodiesterase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-phosphonato-alpha-D-ribose cyclic-1,2-phosphate + H2O = H+ + alpha-D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphate.


mannosyl-diinositol phosphorylceramide phospholipase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: mannosyl-diinositol phosphorylceramide + H2O = C26-phytoceramide + mannosyldiphosphorylinositol.


sedoheptulose-bisphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sedoheptulose 1,7-bisphosphate + H2O = sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 2',3'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 2'-phosphate.


inositol pentakisphosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol pentakisphosphate + H2O = myo-inositol tetrakisphosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-3-phosphoglycerate + H2O = 2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glycerate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate + H2O = 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one + phosphate. 2-hydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentenyl-1-phosphate is also known as HK-MTPenyl-P, and 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene as DHK-MTPene.


myosin-light-chain-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: myosin light-chain phosphate + H2O = myosin light chain + phosphate.


FMN phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: FMN + H2O = riboflavin + hydrogenphosphate.


NADP phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + NADP+ = NAD+ + phosphate.


myosin phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phosphomyosin + H2O = myosin + phosphate.


5'-deoxynucleotidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction:a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate + H20=a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside + phosphate.


2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-deoxy-D-glucose-6-phosphate + H2O = 2-deoxy-D-glucose + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: (2R)-2,3-bisphosphoglycerate + H2O = (2R)-2-phosphoglycerate + phosphate.


protein tyrosine phosphatase activity, via thiol-phosphate intermediate

The catalysis of phosphate removal from a phosphotyrosine using cysteine as a nucleophile and proceed by means of a thiol-phosphate intermediate.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-methyl-3-phospho-1-thio-D-glycerate + H2O = S-methyl-1-thio-D-glycerate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: inositol-1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + H2O = inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: inositol-1,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate + H2O = inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: O-phosphoethanolamine + H2O = ethanolamine + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: [glycogen-synthase D] + H2O = [glycogen-synthase I] + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: [acyl-carrier protein] + H2O = 4'-phosphopantetheine + apoprotein.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine = ethanolamine + 1-alkyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: inositol-1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate + H2O = inositol-3,4,6-trisphosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H2O = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol phosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-ADP-2-phosphoglycerate + H2O = 3-ADP-glycerate + phosphate.


FMN hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: FMN + H2O = riboflavin + phosphate.


glycerol-1-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O = glycerol + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate + H2O = myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 1-(sn-glycero-3-phospho)-1D-myoinositol = 1D-myo-inositol 1-phosphate + glycerol.


[isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP+)] phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: [isocitrate dehydrogenase] phosphate + H2O = [isocitrate dehydrogenase] + phosphate.


phosphatidylglycerol phospholipase C activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylglycerol + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate.


D-ribose 2,5-bisphosphate 2-phosphohydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + D-ribofuranose 2,5-bisphosphate = hydrogenphosphate + D-ribofuranose 5-phosphate.


4-phytase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + H2O = 1-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5-pentakisphosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-cis,6-trans,10-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate + H2O = (13E)-labda-7,13-dien-15-ol + diphosphoric acid.


inositol phosphorylceramide phospholipase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: inositol phosphorylceramide + H2O = C26-phytoceramide + phosphorylinositol.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(sn-glycero-3-phospho)-1D-myo-inositol + H2O = sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + myo-inositol + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: inositol-1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + H2O = inositol-3,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate + phosphate.


diphosphoric monoester hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a diphosphoester to give a diphosphate group and a free hydroxyl group.


JUN kinase phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: JUN kinase serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphate + H2O = JUN kinase serine/threonine/tyrosine + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate + H2O = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol phosphate + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate + H2O = 5'-phosphoguanylyl(3'->5')guanosine + H+.


inositol phosphosphingolipid phospholipase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: inositol phosphosphingolipid + H2O = sphingolipid + phosphorylinositol.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate + phosphate.


phosphatidylcholine phospholipase C activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H+ + phosphocholine.


fructose-1-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate + H2O = beta-D-fructofuranose + hydrogenphosphate.


sucrose-phosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sucrose 6F-phosphate + H2O = sucrose + phosphate.


RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat S7 phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat--phospho-L-serine (consensus YSPTSPS)(position 7) + H2O = RNA polymerase II large subunit + phosphate.


protein adenylylhydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: adenylyl-protein+ H2O = adenylate + protein; mediates the removal of an adenylyl (adenosine 5'-monophosphate; AMP group) from specific residues of target proteins.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + an N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine = H+ + an N-acylethanolamine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate.


NMN phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: beta-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide (NMN-) + H2O = beta-nicotinamide D-riboside (nicotinamide ribose, NmR) + phosphate.


phosphoric triester hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphoric triester.


mannitol-1-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-mannitol 1-phosphate + H2O = D-mannitol + 2 H+ + phosphate.


[hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)]-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + [hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] phosphate = phosphate + [hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)].


prenyl-diphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: prenyl diphosphate + H2O = prenol + diphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: dolichyl beta-D-mannosyl phosphate + H2O = dolichol-phosphate + mannose.


[pyruvate kinase]-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: [pyruvate kinase] phosphate + H2O = [pyruvate kinase] + phosphate.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of 3'-phosphotyrosyl groups formed as covalent intermediates (in DNA backbone breakage) between DNA topoisomerase I and DNA.


thiamine phosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: thiamine phosphate + H2O = thiamine + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 6-(D-glucose-1-phospho)-D-mannosylglycoprotein = D-mannosylglycoprotein + D-glucose-alpha-1-phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: glycerol 1,2-cyclic phosphate + H2O = glycerol 1-phosphate + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + CMP-N-acylneuraminate = N-acylneuraminate + CMP.


neutral sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + sphingomyelin = ceramide + choline phosphate + H+ in a neutral environment.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + an ecdysteroid 22-phosphate = hydrogenphosphate + an ecdysteroid.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-galactose-1-phosphate + H2O = L-galactose + phosphate.


inositol hexakisphosphate 2-phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + H2O = myo-inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate.


3',5'-nucleotide bisphosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3',5'-nucleoside bisphosphate + H20 = 5'-nucleoside monophosphate + phosphate.


GPI-mannose ethanolamine phosphate phosphodiesterase activity

A phosphoric diester hydrolase activity that removes the ethanolamine phosphate from mannose 2 of a GPI anchor.


5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1,2-cyclic phosphate 1-phosphohydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-phosphonato-alpha-D-ribose cyclic-1,2-phosphate + H2O = D-ribofuranose 2,5-bisphosphate + H+.


7,8-dihydro-D-neopterin 2',3'-cyclic phosphate phosphodiesterase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydro-D-neopterin 2',3'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = 7,8-dihydroneopterin 3'-phosphate + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-myo-inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate + H2O = myo-inositol 1,3-bisphosphate + phosphate.


L-phosphoserine phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O-phospho-L-serine + H2O = L-serine + phosphate, on a free amino acid.


XMP 5'-nucleosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5'XMP + H20 = phosphate + xanthosine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 4,5,6-trisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 4,6-bisphosphate + phosphate.


monoterpenyl-diphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: monoterpenyl diphosphate + H2O = monoterpenol + diphosphate.


glycosylphosphatidylinositol phospholipase D activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycoprotein phosphatidylinositol + H2O = phosphatidate + glycoprotein inositol.


L-threonine O-3-phosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O-phospho-L-threonine + H2O = L-threonine + hydrogenphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-guanidino-1-deoxy-scyllo-inositol 4-phosphate + H2O = 1-guanidino-1-deoxy-scyllo-inositol + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + H2O = myo-inositol pentakisphosphate (mixed isomers) + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 2,4,5-trisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 2,4-bisphosphate + phosphate.


alpha-ribazole phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-ribazole 5'-phosphate + H2O = alpha-ribazole + phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate + H2O = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + phosphate.


3-phytase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + H2O = D-myo-inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate.


positive regulation of autophagic cell death

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of autophagic cell death.


iliolumbar vein

The iliolumbar vein is the vena comitans of the iliolumbar artery. The obturator nerve crosses superficial to it. A single vein is found more commonly than a double vein. It drains vertebral segments four and five. It is closely related to the ascending lumbar vein. [WP,unvetted].


4-nitrophenol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-nitrophenol, a nitroaromatic compound which is used in the production of dyes, leather treatment agents, fungicides and as an intermediate in the production of the insecticide parathion.


Resectable Adenocarcinoma of Unknown Primary

An adenocarcinoma of unknown primary that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

A carcinoma of unknown primary that is amenable to surgical resection.


Nipple Sensation Change or Loss

Excessive sensitivity or changes in sensitivity in the nipple(s).


gibberellin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gibberellin. Gibberellins are a class of highly modified terpenes that function as plant growth regulators.


secretory meningioma

A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of epithelial differentiation and numerous intracellular PAS positive bodies that are rich in glycogen.


Catalysis of the reaction:guanosine(26) in tRNA + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2 H(+) + N(2)-dimethylguanosine(26) in tRNA + 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


Red cell adenylate kinase deficiency

An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation of the AK1 gene. It is associated with moderate to severe non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia and, in some cases, with intellectual disability and psychomotor impairment.


anemia due to erythrocyte enzyme disorder

Any form of anemia that results from the absence of, or the defective action of, any enzyme involved in erythropoiesis.


glycogen storage disease due to phosphoglycerate mutase deficiency

A rare, autosomal recessive, inherited disorder caused by mutation of the PGAM2 gene. It is characterized by non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia, exercise-induced cramping, myoglobinuria, and presence of tubular aggregates on muscle biopsy.


Deficiency of hexokinase (disorder)

A rare, autosomal recessive, inherited disorder caused by mutation of the HK1 gene. It is characterized by the early-onset of severe, non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia.


Glucose phosphate isomerase deficiency

A rare, autosomal recessive, inherited disorder caused by mutation of the GPI gene. It is characterized by chronic, non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia.


Deficiency of enolase

A rare, autosomal dominant, inherited disorder caused by mutation of the ENO1 gene. It is associated with spherocytic hemolytic anemia, exercise-induced myalgia and weakness.


triosephosphate isomerase deficiency

Triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) deficiency is a severe autosomal recessive inherited multisystem disorder of glycolytic metabolism characterized by hemolytic anemia and neurodegeneration.


hemolytic anemia due to diphosphoglycerate mutase deficiency

A rare, autosomal recessive, inherited disorder caused by mutation of the BPGM gene. It is characterized by hemolytic anemia and splenomegaly.


Uridine monophosphate hydrolase deficiency

An autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutation of the NT5C3A gene. It is the most frequent abnormality of red cell nucleotide metabolism, causing chronic, non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia. Most affected individuals have Mediterranean, Jewish, or African ancestry. Basophilic stippling and accumulation of pyrimidines within erythrocytes are hallmarks of this disorder.


positive regulation of mitotic nuclear envelope disassembly

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic nuclear envelope disassembly.


thiocarbamic ester

Any organonitrogen compound with formula RS-C(=X)NH2 where X = O (monothiocarbamic esters) or S (dithiocarbamic esters), or their N-substituted derivatives.


monothiocarbamic ester

A thiocarbamic ester formally derived from a monothiocarbamic acid.


4-chlorobenzaldehyde oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-chlorobenzaldehyde + 2 H2O = 4-chlorobenzoate + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


composite hemangioendothelioma

An intermediate, locally aggressive and rarely metastasizing blood vessel neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of spindle, plump, and epithelioid endothelial cells and cellular atypia.


Intermediate Vascular Neoplasm

A vascular neoplasm with borderline malignant potential.


retiform hemangioendothelioma

An intermediate, locally aggressive and rarely metastasizing blood vessel neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of hobnail endothelial cells and formation of arborizing vascular channels.


kaposiform hemangioendothelioma

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma is a very rare, aggressive, vascular tumor manifesting in the neonatal period or in infancy as cutaneous vascular tumors to large infiltrative lesions.


Endovascular papillary angioendothelioma of childhood

A papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma that occurs during childhood.


Intermediate (Locally Aggressive) Blood Vessel Neoplasm

A borderline blood vessel neoplasm that has locally aggressive behavior.


Pseudomyogenic (epithelioid sarcoma-like) hemangioendothelioma

An intermediate, rarely metastasizing blood vessel neoplasm that more frequently affects young adult males and usually arises in the lower limbs.  In approximately half of the affected patients the tumor is painful and in two-thirds of the patients the tumor is multifocal.  Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of sheets and fascicles of spindle cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei.  Cytologic atypia is usually mild.  Approximately 60% of the patients develop local recurrences or additional tumors in the same anatomic region.


Intermediate (Rarely Metastasizing) Blood Vessel Neoplasm

A borderline blood vessel neoplasm that may metastasize on rare occasions.


Intermediate Blood Vessel Neoplasm

A borderline blood vessel neoplasm that can be locally aggressive, and may metastasize on rare occasions.


A pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma that occurs during childhood.


An intermediate, rarely metastasizing blood vessel neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of lymphatic-like vascular channels and papillary endothelial proliferation.


A kaposiform hemangioendothelioma that occurs during childhood.


Polymorphus Hemangioendothelioma

An intermediate, rarely metastasizing blood vessel neoplasm. It is characterized by the presence of a polymorphic cellular infiltrate.


mild ichthyosis vulgaris

An instance of ichthyosis vulgaris in which the disease presentation is mild in severity. Heterozygote FLG mutation carriers often have mild manifestations.


Elevated Expression

An indication that the expression of a gene, transcript or protein is higher than a previous value or a normal range of values.


TP53 Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of TP53 has been detected in a sample.


Melanosomal Genes Overexpression

An indication that overexpression of genes involved in melanosomal biogenesis or melanin biosynthesis has been detected in a sample.


TBX21 Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of T-box 21 (TBX21) has been detected in a sample.


MiRNA 371-373 Overexpression

An indication that microRNAs found in the miRNA 371-373 cluster are overexpressed in a sample.


Achaete-Scute Homolog 1 Overexpression

An indication that overexpression of achaete-scute homolog 1 has been detected in a sample.


Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 Overexpression


BCL2 Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of BCL2 has been detected in a sample.


Presence of ERBB2 Overexpressing Disseminated Tumor Cells

An indication that single tumor cells or small clusters of tumor cells that are overexpressing ERBB2 are present in a tissue sample.


Elevated ALCAM

A finding indicating elevated concentrations of ALCAM in a sample.


BCL6 Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of BCL6 has been detected in a sample.


THBS1 Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of THBS1 has been detected in a sample.


HIF1A Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of HIF1A has been detected in a sample.


MYC Overexpression

An indication that overexpression of the MYC gene has been detected in a sample.


HRAS Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of HRAS has been detected in a sample.


Elevated SLC34A2 Positive

A finding indicating detection of elevated expression of SLC34A2 in a sample.


Neurogenic Differentiation Factor 1 Overexpression

An indication that overexpression of neurogenic differentiation factor 1 has been detected in a sample.


Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Overexpression


Elevated CCR8 Expression

A finding indicating elevated levels of expression of CCR8 were detected in a sample.


NY-ESO-1 Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of NY-ESO-1 has been detected in a sample.


Elevated MET Protein Expression

An indication that elevated concentrations of MET protein were found in a sample.


MET Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of MET has been detected in a sample.


Elevated Inflammatory Gene Signature Expression

A genetic finding indicating that tumor cells express elevated levels of genes encoding proteins involved in inflammation and immunity. This signature may include elevated expression of genes involved in interferon signaling, antigen presentation, immune checkpoint regulation and/or the differentiation and activation of cytotoxic T-cells.


VEGF Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of a member of the VEGF family has been detected in a sample.


AXL Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of AXL has been detected in a sample.


POU Class 2 Homeobox 3 Overexpression

An indication that overexpression of POU class 2 homeobox 3 has been detected in a sample.


NTRK1 Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of NTRK1 has been detected in a sample.


FGF23 Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of FGF23 has been detected in a sample.


Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Overexpression


EZHIP Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of EZHIP has been detected in a sample.


Yes-Associated Protein 1 Overexpression

An indication that overexpression of yes-associated protein 1 has been detected in a sample.


Sonic Hedgehog Pathway Genes Overexpression

An indication that overexpression of one or more genes in the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway has been detected in a sample.


GRPR Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of GRPR has been detected in a sample.


GATA3 Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of GATA3 has been detected in a sample.


ERBB2 Overexpression

An indication that overexpression of ERBB2 has been detected in a sample.


KIT Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of KIT has been detected in a sample.


NECTIN4 Overexpression Positive

An indication that overexpression of NECTIN4 has been detected in a sample.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholanoyl-CoA + propanoyl-CoA = CoA + 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-24-oxo-5beta-cholestanoyl-CoA.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methyl-3-oxohexanoyl-CoA + CoA = propanoyl-CoA + butyryl-CoA.


Catalysis of the reaction: myristoyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA = 3-oxopalmitoyl-CoA + CoA.


Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + deacetylcephalosporin C = cephalosporin C + CoA.


glycine C-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + glycine = L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + CoA.


formate C-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + formate = CoA + pyruvate.


Hemolymphangioma

A hemorrhagic lymphatic lesion characterized by the presence of dilated lymphatic spaces, extravasation of red blood cells, hemosiderin deposition, and fibrosis.


Stage IIIA Childhood Testicular Germ Cell Tumor by Toronto Guidelines v2

Any pT, Any N, M1, S0, S1. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


chilblain lupus 1

Any chilblain lupus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TREX1 gene.


chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus

Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CCLE) is a form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) that includes five different forms: discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), chilblain lupus, hypertrophic or verrucous lupus erythematosus, lupus erythematosus tumidus, and lupus erythematosus panniculitis.


hypertrophic or verrucous lupus erythematosus


familial chilblain lupus

An instance of Chilblain lupus that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome.


lupus erythematosus panniculitis

A type of lupus erythematosus characterized by deep dermal or subcutaneous nodules, most often on the head, face, or upper arms. It is generally chronic and occurs most often in women between the ages of 20 and 45.


chilblain lupus 2

Any chilblain lupus in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SAMHD1 gene.


chilblain lupus

A rare, chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus disease characterized by red or violaceous, initially pruritic (evolving to painful) papules and plaques located on acral areas (especially dorsal aspects of fingers and toes, while the nose and ear involvement is uncommon), exacerbated by cold and damp conditions, with fissuring and ulceration occasionally observed. Coexistence of discoid lupus erythematosus lesions elsewhere on the body and occasional progression to systemic lupus erythematosus may be associated. Histological examination and direct immunofluorescence studies reveal nonspecific inflammatory lupus erythematosus changes while results of cryoglobulin and cold agglutinin studies are negative.


oxidized pyrimidine DNA binding

Binding to a DNA region containing an oxidized pyrimidine residue.


8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine DNA binding

Binding to 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine an oxidized purine residue found in damaged DNA.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + dTDP-3-N-methylamino-4-oxo-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucose = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + dTDP-3-N,N-dimethylamino-4-oxo-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-D-glucose + H+.


Spiral Tube of Schchowa

biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The portion of the renal tubule located inside the renal cortex between the proximal convoluted tubule and the loop of Henle.


nuclear inner membrane organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear inner membrane.


nuclear membrane fusion

The joining of 2 or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround the nucleus.


nuclear outer membrane organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear outer membrane.


sperm nuclear envelope removal

Removal of the sperm nuclear envelope, allowing entry of maternal factors into the sperm nucleus.


nuclear membrane fusion involved in karyogamy

The joining of 2 or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround the nucleus during the creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei.


(S)-amlodipine

The (4S)-enantiomer of amlodipine.


heterochromatin island

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A region of facultative heterochromatin formed dynamically at specific loci in response to environmental signals, independently of RNAi.


respiratory system lymphatic vessel smooth muscle

A lymphatic vessel smooth muscle that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].


lymphatic vessel smooth muscle

A portion of smooth muscle tissue that is part of a lymphatic vessel [Automatically generated definition].


inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

The inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery or from its first intestinal branch, opposite the upper border of the inferior part of the duodenum. It courses to the right between the head of the pancreas and duodenum, and then ascends to anastomose with the anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery. It distributes branches to the head of the pancreas and to the descending and inferior parts of the duodenum. [WP,unvetted].


Angelucci syndrome

Atopic conjunctivitis that is of relatively short duration and that has a rapid onset.


acute conjunctivitis

Acute inflammation of the conjunctiva.


acute contagious conjunctivitis

Acute inflammation of the conjunctiva characterized by pink or red color in the eyes.


Dilated Cardiomyopathy-1D

An autosomal dominant subtype of dilated cardiomyopathy caused by mutation(s) in the TNNT2 gene, encoding troponin T, cardiac muscle.


extracellular matrix organization in marginal zone involved in cerebral cortex radial glia guided migration

The process that leads to the deposition of extracellular matrix signals in the marginal zone of the developing cerebral cortex. This extracellular matrix controls the movement of migrating cells. In mammals, the matrix is modified by Cajal-Retzius cells.


(Z,E)-alpha- farnesene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = (Z,E)-alpha-farnesene + diphosphoric acid.


wing and notum subfield formation

The regionalization process that subdivides the wing imaginal disc into the wing and notum (body wall) subfields, thus determining whether cells ultimately differentiate wing or notum-specific structures.


Pancreatic Serous Adenoma

A benign, non-metastasizing, usually cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the exocrine pancreas.  It is composed of glycogen-rich epithelial cells which produce a watery fluid.  Signs and symptoms include abdominal mass, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss.


Pancreatic Macrocystic Serous Cystadenoma

A benign, non-metastasizing epithelial neoplasm arising from the exocrine pancreas.  It is characterized by the presence of a few large cysts and is composed of glycogen-rich epithelial cells which produce a watery fluid.


Pancreatic Solid Serous Adenoma

A well-circumscribed serous adenoma that is solid and lacks cystic changes.


Von Hippel Lindau Syndrome-Associated Pancreatic Serous Adenoma

A serous adenoma that develops in a patient with Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome.  Usually there are multiple serous adenomas present of the macrocystic type.


Locally Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Metastatic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor which has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

A gastrointestinal stromal tumor that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


mitochondrial complex 1 deficiency, nuclear type 16


smooth muscle tissue layer of ejaculatory duct

A smooth muscle tissue that is part of a ejaculatory duct.


cellular response to N-acetyl-D-glucosamine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine stimulus.


cellular response to chondroitin 6'-sulfate

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chondroitin 6'-sulfate stimulus.


metanephric glomerular endothelium development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric glomerular endothelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus of the metanephros.


mesonephric glomerular epithelium development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephric glomerular epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephric glomerular epithelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the outer surfaces of the glomerulus in the mesonephros. The mesonephric glomerular epithelium consists of both parietal and visceral epithelium. Mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. A mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros.


Vaginal Blue Nevus

A neoplasm that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the proliferation of subepithelial benign dendritic melanocytes.


humeroradial joint

A hinge joint between the head of the radius and the capitulum of the humerus.


diiodophenylpyruvate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate + NAD+ = 3-(3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + H+ + NADH.


Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B

Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B (CMT2B) is a severe form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy. CMT2B onset, in the 2nd or 3rd decade, is characterized by ulcerations and infections of feet. Symmetric and distal weakness develops mostly in the legs together with a severe symmetric distal sensory loss, tendon reflexes are only reduced at ankles and foot deformities, including pes cavus or planus and hammer toes, appear in childhood.


PIGA Deficiency

An X-linked recessive inherited disorder caused by loss of function mutations in the PIGA gene. It is characterized by deficient GPI-anchor synthesis. Patients may develop somatic paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) or multiple congenital anomalies-hypotonia-seizures syndrome 2 (MCAHS2; early infantile epileptic encephalopathy 20; EIEE20).


nystagmus 3, congenital, autosomal dominant


Chest Pain Along Right Upper Sternal Border

The location of the chest pain is along the right upper border of the sternum.


orbitosphenoid-lateral ethmoid joint

Joint that articulates the orbitosphenoid cartilage or bone and lateral ethmoid cartilage or bone. Orbitosphenoid-lateral ethmoid joint is paired.


spondylo-ocular syndrome

Spondylo-ocular syndrome is a very rare association of spinal and ocular manifestations that is characterized by dense cataracts, and retinal detachment along with generalized osteoporosis and platyspondyly. Mild craniofacial dysphormism has been reported including short neck, large head and prominent eyebrows.


neurological muscular channelopathy due to a genetic chloride channel defect


Intraoperative skin injury

Damage to the skin during a surgical procedure.


Injury of integument

Damage to the skin.


Frostbite

An injury to the skin and/or its underlying tissues that results from exposure of the affected area to extreme cold.


Skin Bruise

Extravasation of blood into the subcutaneous space.


Traumatic subcutaneous emphysema

The infiltration of air into the skin tissue secondary to traumatic tissue disruption.


polyamino carboxylic acid

An amino acid containing one or more nitrogen atoms connected through carbon atoms to one or more carboxy groups.


Acute Thymic Involution

The sudden shrinking and/or complete disappearance of the thymus gland; this often happens as a response to a physiologic stressor, such as infection or malnutrition.


regulation of myofibril number

Any process that modulates the number of myofibrils. A myofibril is the contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle. It is a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism.


geissoschizine dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geissoschizine + NADP+ = 4,21-dehydrogeissoschizine + H+ + NADPH.


juvenile open angle glaucoma

Juvenile glaucoma (JG) is a rare autosomal dominant open angle glaucoma, characterized by early onset, severe elevation of intra ocular pressure of rapid progression, leading to optic nerve excavation and, when untreated, substantial visual impairment.


glaucoma 1, open angle, O

Any open-angle glaucoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the NTF4 gene.


low tension glaucoma

A form of glaucoma in which chronic optic nerve damage and loss of vision normally attributable to buildup of intraocular pressure occurs despite prevailing conditions of normal intraocular pressure.


glaucoma 1, open angle, A

Any juvenile glaucoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the MYOC gene.


persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis

Persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (PPBL) is a rare, generally benign, lymphoproliferative hematological disease characterized by: chronic, stable, persistent, polyclonal lymphocytosis of memory B-cell origin, the presence of binucleated lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, and a polyclonal increase in serum immunoglobulin M (IgM). Patients are most frequently asymptomatic or may present with mild splenomegaly.


(S)-ethotoin

The (S)-enantiomer of ethotoin.


(R)-ethotoin

The (R)-enantiomer of ethotoin.


An imidazolidinone with oxo groups at position 2 and 4.


imidazolidinone

An imidazolidine containing one or more oxo groups.


platelet-derived growth factor complex

A protein complex consisting of two chains of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) subunits. PDGF dimers bind to PDGF receptors in the plasma membrane and induce receptor dimerization and activation. PDGFs are involved in a wide variety of signaling processes. PDGFs are found in all vertebrates where at least 2 different chains (A and B) exist. In human (and other mammals), four types of PDGF chains (A, B, C, and D) are known which form five different dimers (AA, AB, BB, CC and DD).


VEGF-A complex

A homodimeric, extracellular protein complex containing two VEGF-A monomers. Binds to and activates a receptor tyrosine kinase.


phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis from choline and CDP-diacylglycerol

The phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process that involves a one-step direct condensation of choline with CDP-diacylglycerol to form phosphatidylcholine.


Multinodular Adrenal Hyperplasia

A subtype of adrenal hyperplasia, based on histopathologic features, in which there are multiple nodules.


cellular response to red light

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a red light stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs.


response to red light

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a red light stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs.


response to photoperiod, red light

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a red light photoperiod stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm.


response to very low fluence red light stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a very low fluence red light stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. Very low fluence red light is defined in this case as short pulses of red light followed by darkness, providing light levels of less than 0.001 mmol/m2/sec.