regulation of nitric oxide metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water.


dethiobiotin transmembrane transporter activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Enables the transfer of dethiobiotin from one side of a membrane to the other.


maturation of 4.5S rRNA

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor 4.5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature 4.5S rRNA molecule.


citrazinate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: citrazinate + H2O = cis-aconitamide.


maintenance of ciliary planar beating movement pattern

Any process involved in maintaining the planar beating pattern of ciliary movement pattern. Connection between the outer doublets and the central pair via the radial spokes constrains ciliary movement to the planar beating pattern. Cilia that lack this connection, such as those in the embryonic node or Kupfer's vesicle, display radial movement.


protein-phycourobilin linkage

The linkage of the chromophore phycourobilin to phycoerythrins.


regulation of immune system process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process.


paramyosin filament assembly or disassembly

The formation or disassembly of a filament composed of paramyosin molecules.


rRNA 2'-O-ribose methylation guide activity

Specifies the site of 2'-O-ribose methylation in an rRNA molecule by base pairing with a short sequence around the target residue.


regulation of establishment of Sertoli cell barrier

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of Sertoli cell barrier.


Catalysis of the reaction: 10-deacetyl-2-debenzoylbaccatin III + benzoyl-CoA = 10-deacetylbaccatin III + CoA.


neuron migration involved in dendrite retrograde extension

The directed, self-propelled movement of a neuron that contributes to the process of retrograde extension of a dendrite.


detection of hydrogen ion

The series of events in which a hydrogen ion stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


RNA trimethylguanosine cap binding

Binding to the trimethylguanosine (m(3)(2,2,7)-GTP) group located at the 5' end of some RNA molecules. Such trimethylated cap structures, generally produced by posttranscriptional modification of a 7-methylguanosine cap, are often found on snRNAs and snoRNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II, but have also be found on snRNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase III. They have also been found on a subset of the mRNA population in some species, e.g. C. elegans.


negative regulation of interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway.


acrolein reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acrolein + NADPH + H+ = propanal + NADP.


D-lysine transaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-lysine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate + 6-amino-2-oxohexanoate.


Catalysis of the reaction: aminodeoxyfutalosinate + H2O = dehypoxanthine futalosine + adenine.


virus baseplate assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a virus baseplate.


FMN catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of FMN, riboflavin 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate), a coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH dehydrogenase.


axial mesodermal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an axial mesoderm cell.


epothilone metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving epothilone, a drug obtained from the myxobacteria Sporangium cellulosum that interferes with cell division. Some epothilones are being studied as treatments for cancer.


biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones.


imaginal disc-derived genitalia morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of genitalia are generated and organized from the genital imaginal disc.


tricyclene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate(3-) = tricyclene + diphosphoric acid.


P-type monovalent copper transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Cu+(in) = ADP + phosphate + Cu+(out).


negative regulation of receptor localization to synapse

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of receptor localization to synapse.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme F420 + 2 H+ = 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + reduced coenzyme F420.


Catalysis of the reaction: trans-zeatin + UDP-D-glucose = O-beta-D-glucosyl-trans-zeatin + H+ + UDP.


positive regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of resting T cell proliferation.


FMN adenylyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + FMN = diphosphate + FAD.


rhombomere 6 development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 6 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order.


regulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of plasmacytoid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation.


tRNA (uracil(54)-C5)-methyltransferase activity, S-adenosyl methionine-dependent

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + uridine54 in tRNA = 5-methyluridine54 in tRNA + H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


aspyridone A metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving aspyridone A.


anaerobic respiration, using ammonium as electron donor

The oxidation of ammonium (NH4) to nitrogen (N2) in the absence of oxygen, using nitrite (NO2) as the electron acceptor. It is suggested that hydroxylamine and ammonium are combined to yield hydrazine, which is subsequently oxidized to N2.


ergosteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ergosteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside.


zymogen activation in another organism

The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the proteolytic processing of an inactive enzyme to an active form in another organism.


deoxycytidyl transferase activity

Catalysis of the insertion of a dCMP residue opposite a template abasic site in DNA.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phosphonopyruvate + 2 H+ = CO2 + phosphonoacetaldehyde.


inositol 1-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + myo-inositol = 1D-1-O-methyl-myo-inositol + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


sulcatone reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + sulcatol = H+ + NADH + sulcatone.


camalexin binding

Binding to camalexin.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(phosphooxy)-L-threonine + NAD+ = 3-amino-2-oxopropyl phosphate + CO2 + NADH.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-leucyl-tRNA(Leu) + N-terminal L-arginyl-[protein] = H+ + N-terminal L-leucyl-L-arginyl-[protein] + tRNA(Leu). Can also transfer the leucyl residue on an N-terminal L-lysyl residue.


trans assembly of SL-containing precatalytic spliceosome

Assembly of a spliceosomal complex containing the SL RNA and the pre-mRNA to be joined, as well as all the spliceosomal snRNPs involved in trans leader splicing. Formation of the trans leader spliceosome brings together the quadruple SL/U4/U5/U6 snRNP and the complex of the U2 snRNP with the splice site of the pre-mRNA.


manoyl oxide synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 8-hydroxycopalyl diphosphate = (13R)-manoyl oxide + diphosphate.


pyridine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyridine, a nitrogenous base (C5H5N) obtained from the distillation of bone oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor.


maintenance of alignment of postsynaptic density and presynaptic active zone

The process by which alignment between postsynaptic density and presynaptic active zone is maintained.


regulation of cell adhesion involved in intussusceptive angiogenesis

The process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a blood vessel endothelial cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix involved in intussusceptive angiogenesis.


arginine catabolic process to proline via ornithine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including proline, via ornithine.


arachidonic acid metabolite production involved in inflammatory response

The synthesis or release of products of arachidonic acid metabolism following a stimulus as part of an inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in their intracellular or extracellular levels.


formaldehyde assimilation

The pathways in which formaldehyde is processed and used as a carbon source for the cell.


positive regulation of plant-type hypersensitive response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the hypersensitive response in a plant.


glycerol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase [NAD+] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + sn-glycerol 1-phosphate = dihydroxyacetone phosphate + H+ + NADH.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,4-trimethylpentanoyl-CoA = 2,4,4-trimethylpent-2-enoyl-CoA + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


positive regulation of iron export across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of export of iron ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->4)-alpha-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-6-methylthiohexanoate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = H+ + 2-(4'-methylthio)butylmalate + coenzyme A.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene + H2O + NADP+ = 4-(dimethylamino)phenylazoxybenzene + H+ + NADPH.


hypoglossal nerve morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the hypoglossal nerve is generated and organized. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue.


regulation of olfactory learning

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of olfactory learning. Olfactory learning is any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs in response to (repeated) exposure to an olfactory cue.


regulation of ATP:ADP antiporter activity

Any process that modulates the activity of an ATP:ADP antiporter.


intranuclear rod assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an intranuclear rod.


latent virus replication

Any process required for latent viral replication in a cell.


diacetylchitobiose deacetylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N,N'-diacetylchitobiose (GlcNac2) + H2O = acetate + 2-acetamido-4-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-deoxy-D-glucose (GlcN-GlcNAc).


Catalysis of the reaction: testosterone + donor-H2 + O2 = 15-alpha-hydroxytestosterone + H2O.


2-iminobutanoate deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-iminobutanoate + H2O = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+).


choriogonadotropin hormone receptor activity

Combining with the choriogonadotropin hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.


regulation of developmental vegetative growth

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of developmental vegetative growth.


chemoattraction of branchiomotor axon

The process in which a branchiomotor neuron growth cone is directed to a specific target site in response to an attractive chemical signal. Branchiomotor neurons are located in the hindbrain and innervate branchial arch-derived muscles that control jaw movements, facial expression, the larynx, and the pharynx.


Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP-L-fucose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->6)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}asparagine + GDP + H+.


symbiont-mediated suppression of host NF-kappaB cascade

A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts an NF-kappaB-mediated signaling cascade in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to (R)-carnitine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an (R)-carnitine stimulus.


response to pulsatile fluid shear stress

Any response to fluid shear stress where the fluid is flowing across a solid surface with periodic variations. For example, the endothelium in straight parts of the artery tree is subjected to pulsatile shear stress with a significant forward direction, which is believed to be an important physiological stimulus enhancing vessel compliance and conferring anti-thrombotic, anti-adhesive, and anti-inflammatory effects.


Catalysis of 5-taurinomethyluridine in tRNA + a [protein]-S-sulfanylcysteine + ATP + a reduced electron acceptor = a 5-taurinomethyl-2-thiouridine in tRNA + a [protein]-L-cysteine + AMP + an oxidized electron acceptor + diphosphate + H+.


(S)-6-hydroxynicotine oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-6-hydroxynicotine + H2O + O2 = 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + H2O2.


capsanthin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of capsanthin.


high-affinity IgM receptor activity

Combining with high affinity with an immunoglobulin of an IgM isotype via the Fc region, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


homomethionine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of homomethionine, a non-protein amino acid synthesized from methionine via chain elongation.


The process of coupling alanine to alanyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by alanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyldiphosphoundecaprenol + UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine = N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosaminyl-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyldiphosphoundecaprenol + UDP.


negative regulation of glycogen synthase activity, transferring glucose-1-phosphate

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glycogen synthase activity, transferring glucose-1-phosphate.


constitutive protein ectodomain proteolysis

The proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins and release of their ectodomain that occurs constantly, regardless of environmental conditions or demands.


ureidoglycolate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-ureidoglycolate + H2O + 2 H+ = CO2 + glyoxylate + 2 NH4.


cellular response to cobalamin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cobalamin (vitamin B12) stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene-6-sulfonate + O2 = H+ + (Z)-4-(2-hydroxy-5-sulfonatophenyl)-2-oxo-3-butenoate.


aspartate ammonia-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate = fumarate + NH3.


positive regulation of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid progenitor cell differentiation.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + coniferyl aldehyde = H+ + coniferaldehyde glucoside + UDP.


reproductive blastospore formation

The formation of a spore following the marked enlargement of part of a cell before separation by a septum. Blastospores are a type of asexual spore found in some fungi, most notably the class Glomeromycota.


L-dopa O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-dopa + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3-O-methyldopa + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


regulation of programmed necrotic cell death

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed necrotic cell death.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-alkenylglycerophosphoethanolamine + acyl-CoA = 1-alkenyl-2-acyl-glycerophosphoethanolamine + CoA.


neuroinflammatory response

The immediate defensive reaction by neural vertebrate tissue to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents.


negative regulation of gastric emptying

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of any gastric emptying process, the process in which the liquid and liquid-suspended solid contents of the stomach exit through the pylorus into the duodenum.


Catalysis of the reaction: (3E)-4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate = 2-carboxybenzaldehyde + pyruvate.


arogenate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arogenate = L-phenylalanine + H2O + CO2.


DCT cell fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a distal convoluted tubule cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxybenzyl alcohol + NADP+ = 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde + H+ + NADPH.


Catalysis of the reaction: heteroglycan + GDP-mannose = alpha-D-mannosylheteroglycan + GDP.


Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + scytalone = NADPH + H+ + 1,3,6,8-naphthalenetetrol.


snRNA 2'-O-ribose methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + snRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing a 2'-O-nucleotide.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate, a folate derivative comprising tetrahydrofolate attached to a chain of glutamate residues.


meiotic anaphase I

The cell cycle phase during which chromosomes separate and migrate towards the poles of the spindle the as part of meiosis I.


linoleate 8R-lipoxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + linoleate = (8R,9Z,12Z)-8-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,12-dienoate.


phosphatidylcholine desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: An oleoyl-[glycerolipid] + 2 ferrocytochrome b5 + O2 + 2 H+ = a linoleoyl-[glycerolipid] + 2 ferricytochrome b5 + 2 H2O.


hepatocyte growth factor production

The appearance of hepatocyte growth factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


L-threonine catabolic process to glycine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form to form 2-amino-3-oxobutanoate, which is subsequently converted to glycine.


glutathione derivative catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutathione derivative.


envenomation resulting in vasodilation in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with resultant vasodilation of blood vessels, usually causing a reduction in blood pressure, in the bitten/stung organism.


interphase mitotic telomere clustering

The process whereby the mitotic telomeres are gathered together during, or prior to, attachment to the nuclear envelope.


AUU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AUU codon.


formation of specialized structure for nutrient acquisition

The assembly of a symbiotic cellular or anatomical structure for the purpose of obtaining nutrients from its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


pronuclear envelope synthesis

Synthesis and ordering of the envelope of pronuclei.


extraction of mislocalized protein from mitochondrial outer membrane

The removal of a mislocalized protein from the mitochondrial outer membrane.


central tolerance induction to nonself antigen

Tolerance induction to nonself antigens in the central lymphoid organs.


xanthine DNA N-glycosylase activity

DNA N-glycosylase activity acting on deaminated guanine (xanthine).


meiosis II cell cycle phase

A meiotic cell cycle phase that occurs after meiosis I (the first meiotic nuclear division).


ochratoxin A metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ochratoxin A.


alpha-ketoglutarate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of alpha-ketoglutarate from one side of a membrane to the other. Alpha-ketoglutarate (or oxoglutarate) is a compound with important roles in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, especially in transamination reactions and as a component of the TCA cycle.


strombine dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-(carboxymethyl)-D-alanine + H2O + NAD+ = glycine + H+ + NADH + pyruvate.


organic phosphonate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphonates, any organic compounds containing one or more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups. Metabolism of phosphonic acid itself, an inorganic compound without the biochemically relevant C-P bond, is not included.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-glucosidic linkages in cellulose and cellotetraose, releasing cellobiose from the non-reducing ends of the chains.


mannogen biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannogen, a mannose-containing polysaccharide that is a major energy reserve in Leishmania.


phytochromobilin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytochromobilin, the linear tetrapyrrole chromophore required for plant phytochrome photoactivity.


tooth placode formation

The developmental process in which the tooth placode forms. A tooth placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the tooth bud.


T cell tolerance induction in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue

Tolerance induction taking place in the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) mediated by T cells.


2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide a dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-desacetyl-2-hydroxyethyl bacteriochlorophyllide a = bacteriochlorophyllide a + 2 H+.


2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate = 2-oxopent-4-enoate + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin-3-glucoside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) = quercetin-3-gentiobioside + UDP.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxopent-3-ene-1,2,5-tricarboxylate = 2-oxohept-3-enedioate + CO2.


generation of mature 3'-end of 5S rRNA generated by RNA polymerase III

The removal of extra uridine residues from the 3' end of a 5S pre-rRNA generated by transcription by RNA polymerase III to generate the mature 3'-end.


tRNA N2-guanine methylation

The process whereby a guanine in a tRNA is methylated at the N2 position of guanine.


NAD+-histone H2BE18 glutamate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of ADP-ribose groups to the glutamate-18 residue of histone H2B (or an equivalent residue).


fructosyl-amino acid oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: fructosyl-amino acid + O2 = corresponding amino acid + glucosone + H2O2.


red or far-red light photoreceptor activity

The function of absorbing and responding to electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of approximately 660-730nm. The response may involve a change in conformation.


alpha-copaene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = alpha-copaene + diphosphoric acid.


regulation of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue regeneration.


ABC-type tungstate transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + tungstate(in) = ADP + phosphate + tungstate(out).


lateral mesodermal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a lateral mesoderm cell.


trigeminal nerve maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the trigeminal nerve to attain its fully functional state. The trigeminal nerve is composed of three large branches. They are the ophthalmic (V1, sensory), maxillary (V2, sensory) and mandibular (V3, motor and sensory) branches. The sensory ophthalmic branch travels through the superior orbital fissure and passes through the orbit to reach the skin of the forehead and top of the head. The maxillary nerve contains sensory branches that reach the pterygopalatine fossa via the inferior orbital fissure (face, cheek and upper teeth) and pterygopalatine canal (soft and hard palate, nasal cavity and pharynx). The motor part of the mandibular branch is distributed to the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric. The mandibular nerve also innervates the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles. The sensory part of the mandibular nerve is composed of branches that carry general sensory information from the mucous membranes of the mouth and cheek, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, lower teeth, skin of the lower jaw, side of the head and scalp and meninges of the anterior and middle cranial fossae.


negative regulation of testicular blood vessel morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel morphogenesis in the testicle.


nociceptin receptor activity

Combining with the peptide nociceptin, and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein.


inositol pentakisphosphate 2-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


RNA 5'-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the 5'-gamma-phosphate in an RNA molecule.


sensory organ boundary specification

The process in which boundaries between a sensory organ and the surrounding tissue are established and maintained.


rhamnogalacturonan endolyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a rhamnogalacturonan type I = [rhamnogalacturonan I oligosaccharide]-alpha-L-rhamnose + 4-deoxy-4,5-unsaturated D-galactopyranosyluronate-[rhamnogalacturonan I oligosaccharide].


mRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation

Splicing of mRNA substrates via recognition of the folded RNA structure that brings the 5' and 3' splice sites into proximity and cleavage of the RNA at both the 3' and 5' splice sites by an endonucleolytic mechanism, followed by ligation of the exons.


oxoacid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any oxoacid; an oxoacid is a compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons).


teichoic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of teichoic acid, any polymer occurring in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria and containing chains of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate residues.


swim bladder morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the swim bladder is generated and organized. The swim bladder is used by some fishes to maintain buoyancy and may function in addition as a sound producing organ, a sound receptor, and a respiratory organ.


D-octopine dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N2-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-L-arginine + NAD+ + H2O = L-arginine + pyruvate + NADH.


UDP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UDP, uridine (5'-)diphosphate.


renal vasodilation of the peripheral vascular system involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

The renal process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system, by vasodilation of the peripheral vascular system.


response to leukemia inhibitory factor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a leukemia inhibitory factor stimulus.


embryonic pelvic fin morphogenesis

The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the pelvic fin are generated and organized. The pelvic fins are bilaterally paired fins mounted in a ventral-lateral position on most fish. These fins are used primarily for lateral mobility and propulsion.


plastid fission

The creation of two or more plastids by division of one plastid. A plastid is any member of a family of organelles found in the cytoplasm of plants and some protists, which are membrane-bounded and contain DNA.


neural fold folding

The process of folding the neuroepithelium around the medial hinge point to create the neural elevations, and around the lateral hinge points to produce convergence of the folds.


cytoplasmic actin-based contraction involved in forward cell motility

The actin filament-based movement by which cytoplasmic actin filaments slide past one another resulting in a contraction that propels the cell in the direction that has been defined as the front of the cell.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide, an acylanide herbicide widely used to protect corn, onion, cabbage, rose bushes, and ornamental plants.


positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation of polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II.


peptide lactyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (L-lysyl-[protein] + lactoyl-CoA = CoA + H+ + N(6)-lactoyl-L-lysyl-[protein].


cellular response to chloramphenicol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chloramphenicol stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: 30-hydroxy-beta-amyrin + O2 + NADPH + H+ = 11alpha,30-dihydroxy-beta-amyrin + H2O + NADP.


lactosylceramide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactosylceramides, Gal-beta-(1->4)-Glc-beta(1->1') ceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic C1 hydroxyl group of lactose by a ceramide group. They are the precursors of both gangliosides and globosides.


positive regulation of copper ion transmembrane transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of copper ion transmembrane transport.


Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + 3-hydroxy-1H-quinolin-4-one = carbon monoxide + N-formylanthranilate.


anaerobic ethylbenzene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ethylbenzene, a benzene derivative with an ethyl group attached to the ring, which occurs in the absence of oxygen.


L-carnitine CoA-transferase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: (E)-4-(trimethylammonio)but-2-enoyl-CoA + L-carnitine = (E)-4-(trimethylammonio)but-2-enoate + L-carnitinyl-CoA and 4-trimethylammoniobutanoyl-CoA + L-carnitine = 4-trimethylammoniobutanoate + L-carnitinyl-CoA.


ADP-riboxanase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginyl-[protein] + NAD+ = ADP-riboxanated L-argininyl-[protein] + H+ + NH4(+) + nicotinamide.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H2O = N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H+.


ribulokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L(or D)-ribulose = ADP + L(or D)-ribulose 5-phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 9,15,9'-tricis-zeta-carotene = 9,9'-dicis-zeta-carotene.


ecdysis, collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle

The shedding of the old collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle fragments during the molting cycle. Examples of this process are found in invertebrates.


amino acid catabolic process to alcohol via Ehrlich pathway

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce alcohols with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of alcohols, often collectively referred to as fusel alcohols. Depending on the redox state of the cells, carboxylic acid derivatives may be produced instead of alcohols.


methanol oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + methanol = H2O2 + formaldehyde.


L-arabinose catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.


inductive cell migration

Migration of a cell in a multicellular organism that, having changed its location, is required to induce normal properties in one or more cells at its new location. An example of this would be the distal tip cells of Caenorhabditis elegans.


brassinolide synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + castasterone + NADPH + O2 = brassinolide + NADP + H2O.


biological regulation

Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function.


salicin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of salicin (saligenin-beta-D-glucopyranoside), a glucoside of o-hydroxybenzylalcohol, from one side of a membrane to the other.


phenanthrene 1,2-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene + O2 + NADH + H+ = H2O + NAD+ + phenanthrene-1,2-oxide.


protein localization to spore cell wall

A process in which a protein is transported, tethered to or otherwise maintained in a spore cell wall.


neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any neurotransmitter receptor activity that is involved in regulating the concentration of calcium in the presynaptic cytosol.


pH-gated chloride channel activity

A gated channel activity that enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens in response to a change in pH.


plasmacytoid dendritic cell chemotaxis

The movement of a plasmacytoid dendritic cell in response to an external stimulus.


flavanone 4-reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (2S)-flavan-4-ol + NADP+ = (2S)-flavanone + NADPH.


regulation of anthocyanin catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anthocyanin catabolic process.


delphinidin 3-O-glucoside 5-O-glucosyltransferase (vanilloyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: delphinidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside + 1-O-vanilloyl-beta-D-glucose = delphinidin 3,7-di O-beta-D-glucoside + vanillate + H+.


NAD-dependent protein lipoamidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-N6-lipoyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + H2O + NAD+ = 2''-O-lipoyl-ADP-D-ribose + L-lysyl-[protein] + nicotinamide.


D-allose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose.


neural crest-derived cardiac fibroblast cell fate commitment

The commitment of neural crest cells to a cardiac fibroblast fate and their capacity to differentiate into cardiac fibroblast cells. A cardiac fibroblast is a connective tissue cell in the heart which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.


regulation of activin secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of activin from a cell.


detection of electrical stimulus involved in magnetoreception

The series of events that contribute to magnetoception in which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. The stimulus is in the form of an induced electric field resulting from movement in a magnetic field.


ganglion morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of ganglion are generated and organized.


retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by nitric oxide

Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by nitric oxide.


symbiont-mediated perturbation of host Rho signal transduction

A process in which a symbiont alters a Rho protein family-mediated signal transduction pathway in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


peptidyl-threonine O-acetylation

The acetylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-acetyl-L-threonine.


deacetylisoipecoside synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: deacetylisoipecoside + H2O = dopamine + secologanin.


peptidyl-lysine demalonylation

The process of removing a malonyl group (CO-CH2-CO) from an malonylated lysine residue in a peptide or protein.


determination of wing disc primordium

Allocation of embryonic cells to the wing disc founder populations, groups of cells that are committed to contribute to the formation of a wing imaginal disc.


L-2-hydroxycarboxylate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(1-) + a (2S)-2-hydroxycarboxylate = NADH(2-) + H+ + a 2-oxo carboxylate.


formation of structure involved in a symbiotic process

The progression of an organism from an initial condition to a later condition, occurring when the organism is in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-L-glutamate + CoA + H+.


positive regulation of axial mesodermal cell fate determination

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axial mesoderm cell fate determination.


dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-glucose = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucose + H2O.


transforming growth factor beta production

The appearance of any member of the transforming growth factor-beta family of cytokines due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Transforming growth factor-beta family members include TGF-B1, TGF-B2, and TGF-B3.


regulation of angioblast cell migration involved in selective angioblast sprouting

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of angioblast cell migration involved in selective angioblast sprouting.


positive regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cilium-dependent cell motility.


2,5-diamino-6-ribitylamino-4(3H)-pyrimidinone 5'-phosphate deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-diamino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribitylamino)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one + H2O = 5-amino-6-(5-phospho-D-ribosylamino)uracil + ammonia.


plant-type cell wall loosening involved in abscission

Any plant-type cell wall loosening that is involved in abscission.


negative regulation of keratinocyte migration

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte migration.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methylene-3-methylsuccinate = dimethylmaleate.


2-hydroxyglutarate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxylate + H2O + propanoyl-CoA = 2-hydroxyglutarate + CoA + H+.


regulation of smooth muscle tissue development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle tissue development.


positive regulation of salivary gland formation by mesenchymal-epithelial signaling

Any process that induces the formation of the salivary gland field by means of the secretion of a signal by a mesenchymal cell and its reception and interpretation by an epithelial cell resulting in it adopting the identity of a salivary gland bud cell.


curcumin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the polyphenol, curcumin.


viral release from host cell by cytolysis

The dissemination of mature viral particles from a host cell by the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm.


hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-mevalonate + CoA + 2 NAD+ = 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 2 NADH.


protein localization to microtubule plus-end

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location at a microtubule plus-end.


symbiont-mediated perturbation of host actin cytoskeleton

The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host actin cytoskeleton. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


alginate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-D-mannuronate + alginate(n) = GDP + alginate(n+1).


UFM1 activating enzyme activity

Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier UFM1, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond.


regulation of leaf morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leaf morphogenesis.


isoursodeoxycholate 7-beta-dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3beta,7beta-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oate + NAD+ = 3beta-hydroxy-7-oxo-5beta-cholan-24-oate + H+ + NADH.


lanosterol O-acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + lanosterol = CoA + lanosterol ester.


symbiont-mediated suppression of host calcium or calmodulin-mediated signal transduction

A process in which a virus interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a calcium or calmodulin-mediated signal transduction in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


nitrous-oxide reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 2 cytochrome c + nitrogen = 2 reduced cytochrome c + nitrous oxide.


ERBB4-EGFR signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals transmitted by a heterodimeric complex of the tyrosine kinase receptors EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor/ERBB1) and ERBB4. The pathway begins with binding of a ligand to either cell surface receptor, or the dimeric receptor complex, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


negative regulation of antipodal cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of antipodal cell differentiation.


propanediol channel activity

Enables the facilitated diffusion of propanediol (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.


haloperoxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: R-CH + a halogen + H2O2 = R-C-halogen + H2O.


somatic diversification of variable lymphocyte receptors of jawless fish

The somatic process that results in the generation of sequence diversity of the variable lymphocyte receptors (VLR) of jawless fish.


negative regulation of mitotic spindle elongation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic spindle elongation.


undecaprenyl-phosphate glucose phosphotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate = UMP + alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-diphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol.


tolerance induction to tumor cell

A process of tolerance induction which leads to immunological tolerance of a tumor.


cortisol sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate + cortisol = adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate + cortisol 21-sulfate + H+.


AAG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AAG codon.


isocitrate lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: isocitrate = glyoxylate + succinate.


perturbation of blood coagulation in another organism

The process in which an organism effects a change that affects blood coagulation in another organism. Blood coagulation is the sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot.


neuron differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron.


satellite cell activation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

The process that initiates skeletal muscle satellite cell division by causing it to move from quiescence to the G1 stage of the cell cycle. The cell swells and there are a number of other small changes. The cells then start to divide. Following cell division the cells will differentiate. In adult muscle, satellite cells become activated to divide and differentiate in response to muscle damage.


alpha-glucan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alpha-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


pigment biosynthetic process involved in pigment granule maturation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pigment, contributing to the process in which a membrane-bounded organelle develops into a pigment granule. Maturation is a developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cell or structure to attain its fully functional state.


response to 3-methylcholanthrene

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 3-methylcholanthrene stimulus.


JUN kinase kinase activity

Catalysis of the phosphorylation of tyrosine and threonine residues in a c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), a member of a subgroup of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), which signal in response to cytokines and exposure to environmental stress. JUN kinase kinase (JNKK) is a dual-specificity protein kinase kinase and requires activation by a serine/threonine kinase JUN kinase kinase kinase.


DNA-binding transcription repressor activity

A DNA-binding transcription factor activity that represses or decreases the transcription of specific gene sets.


pyridoxine 5-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxine + acceptor = isopyridoxal + reduced acceptor.


Catalysis of the reaction: chenodeoxycholoyltaurine + H2O = chenodeoxycholate + taurine.


gibberellin A12, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity (gibberellin A15-forming)

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A12 + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate = gibberellin A15 + carbon dioxide + succinate.


atrazine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving atrazine, a triazine ring-containing compound, widely used as a herbicide.


positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway by establishment of Wnt protein localization to extracellular region

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway by the directed movement of a Wnt protein within the extracellular region.


acetoin racemase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-acetoin = (R)-acetoin.


regulation of glycine import across plasma membrane

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glycine import into a cell.


Catalysis of the transfer of a myristoyl (systematic name, tetradecanoyl) group to a sulfur atom on a cysteine residue of a protein molecule in the reaction: tetradecanoyl-CoA + L-cysteinyl-[protein] = CoA + S-tetradecanoyl-L-cysteinyl-[protein].


purine nucleosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a N-D-ribosylpurine + H2O = a purine + D-ribose.


16:0 monogalactosyldiacylglycerol desaturase activity

Catalysis of the introduction of an omega-3 double bond into an unsaturated 16-carbon fatty acid in a monogalactosyldiacylglycerol molecule.


noradrenergic neuron differentiation involved in brainstem development

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an noradrenergic neuron that is part of the brainstem.


1-penten-3-one reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-penten-3-one + NADPH + H+ = 1-pentan-3-one + NADP.


Catalysis of the reaction: 16-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone = H2O + 16-dehydroprogesterone.


nickel incorporation into nickel-iron-sulfur cluster via pentakis-L-cysteinyl L-histidino nickel tetrairon pentasulfide

The incorporation of nickel into a nickel-iron-sulfur cluster via pentakis-L-cysteinyl L-histidino nickel tetrairon pentasulfide, found in carbon monoxide dehydrogenase.


CTP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of CTP, cytidine 5'-triphosphate.


dense core granule localization

Any process in which a dense core granule is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell.


tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + 4-alpha-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + D-alanine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + 2-methylserine.


4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + H2O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate + 2 reduced ferredoxin.


larval salivary gland boundary specification

Determination in a larval organism of where the salivary gland forms, the total number of salivary gland cells and how many cells are allocated to each of the specialised cell types within the salivary gland.


cell adhesion involved in biofilm formation

The attachment of a cell to a solid substrate, via cell adhesion molecules, contributing to the formation of a biofilm.


antisense RNA transcription

The synthesis of antisense RNA, an RNA molecule complementary in sequence to another RNA or DNA molecule, which, by binding the latter, acts to inhibit its function and/or completion of synthesis, on a template of DNA.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate, the formylated derivative of tetrahydrofolate.


propioin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyhexan-3-one = 2 propanal.


asymmetric protein localization to old mitotic spindle pole body

Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained to the old mitotic spindle pole body resulting in its being distributed asymmetrically.


thymidine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thymidine, deoxyribosylthymine thymine 2-deoxyriboside, a deoxynucleoside very widely distributed but occurring almost entirely as phosphoric esters in deoxynucleotides and deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + brassicasterol = UDP(3-) + 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-brassicasterol + H+.


geranylgeraniol kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeraniol + nucleoside triphosphate = all-trans-geranyl-geranyl monophosphate + nucleoside diphosphate.


cysteine biosynthetic process from serine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine from other compounds, including serine.


5-amino-1-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of 5-amino-1-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide from one side of a membrane to the other.


Catalysis of the reaction: poly(ribitol phosphate) + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-poly(ribitol phosphate) + UDP.


perturbation by symbiont of host inflammatory response

Any process in which a symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response of the host organism; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-R + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,6-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-R + UDP.


GA5 3beta-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A5 + O2 + 2-oxoglutarate = gibberellin A3 + succinate + carbon dioxide.


Actinobacterium-type cell wall biogenesis

A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cell wall of the type found in Actinobacteria. The cell wall is the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane. Actinobacterial cell walls contain characteristic mycolic acids, of which some are covalently linked to the cell wall peptidoglycan and others accumulate at the cell surface.


negative regulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytotoxic T cell differentiation.


synaptic target inhibition

The process in which a neuronal cell in a multicellular organism recognizes chemorepellent signals that inhibit its growth toward the source.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-18:2-2-16:1-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor = 1-18:3-2-16:1-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


scutellarein 7-methyl ether 6-O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: scutellarein 7-methyl ether + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = cirsimaritin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


aldose 1-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-aldose + NAD+ = D-aldonolactone + NADH.


methylglyoxal synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycerone phosphate = methylglyoxal + phosphate.


peptidyl-tyrosine uridylylation

The uridylylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-(phospho-5'-uridine)-L-tyrosine, found in glutamine synthetase.


protein deglycase activity

Catalysis of the removal of a sugar or dicarbonyl from a glycated L-arginine, L-lysine or L-cysteine residue within proteins that have been attacked and modified by glyoxal or 2-oxopropanal.


fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores.


negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in ureteric bud formation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in ureteric bud formation.


photosynthesis, light harvesting

Absorption and transfer of the energy absorbed from light photons between photosystem reaction centers.


coenzyme F420-dependent 2,4,6-trinitrophenol reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,6-trinitrophenol + H- = 2,4,6-trinitrophenol hydride Meisenheimer complex. Coenzyme F420 supplies the hydride (H-) in the reaction.


T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell

An immune response mediated by a T cell triggered in response to the presence of a tumor cell.


cyanuric acid amidohydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanurate + H2O = 1-carboxybiuret + H+.


deoxyuridine 2'-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyuridine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = CO2 + succinate + uridine.


cytotoxic T cell pyroptotic process

Any pyroptotic process in a cytotoxic T cell.


regulation of amino acid transmembrane transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of amino acid transmembrane transport.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by aortic body chemoreceptor signaling

The process that modulates blood pressure by the action of chemoreceptors found in the aortic bodies and their resultant modulation of the vasomotor center. Chemoreceptors respond to oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions.


sensory perception of wind

The series of events required for an organism to receive sensory mechanical stimulus resulting from air flow, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal.


syncytial blastoderm mitotic cell cycle

Mitotic division cycles 10 to 13 of the insect embryo. This is the second phase of the syncytial period where nuclei divide in a common cytoplasm without cytokinesis. The majority of migrating nuclei reach the embryo surface during cycle 10, after which they divide less synchronously than before, and the syncytial blastoderm cycles lengthen progressively.


negative regulation of establishment of competence for transformation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of competence for transformation.


1,2-dichloroethane metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,2-dichloroethane, a major commodity chemical used, for example, in the manufacture of vinyl chloride.


negative regulation of encysted zoospore germination

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of encysted zoospore germination.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-coumaryl-CoA + pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside = pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-p-coumaroylglucoside + coenzyme A.


farnesol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesol + NADP+ = 2-trans,6-trans-farnesal + H+ + NADPH.


3-oxolaurate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-oxolaurate + H+ = 2-undecanone + CO2.


2-hexadecenal reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + palmitaldehyde = trans-hexadec-2-enal + H+ + NADPH.


membrane reorganization involved in phagocytosis, engulfment

The assembly and arrangement of the plasma membrane that is involved in the internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis.


negative regulation of endothelial cell development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell development.


inward migration of deep nuclear neurons

The directed movement of a deep nuclear neuron from the rostrodorsal region of the cerebellar plate to their final more ventral position.


positive regulation of norepinephrine uptake

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of norepinephrine into a cell.


symbiont entry into host cell via permeabilization of endosomal membrane

The entry of a symbiont into a host cell, following endocytosis, via permeabilization of the endosomal membrane by membrane penetration protein(s) of the symbiont. This process mediates the entry of some non-enveloped virus into eukaryotic cells. In some cases, viral membrane-penetration protein requires to be activated to display its membrane penetrating activity. Activation can be due to receptor binding or the acidic pH of the endosomal lumen.


citronellyl-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: citronellate + CoASH + ATP = citronellyl-CoA + AMP + PPi.


regulation of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis.


protein localization to early endosome

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an early endosome.


indoleacetic acid conjugate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any indole-3-acetic acid conjugate, a form of indoleacetic acid covalently bound to another molecule.


positive regulation of ARF protein signal transduction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ARF protein signal transduction.


peptidyl-S-palmitoleyl-L-cysteine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-cysteine

The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-palmitoleyl-L-cysteine specifically.


guanine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of guanine, 2-amino-6-hydroxypurine, from one side of a membrane to the other.


cAMP deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyclic adenosine monophosphate + H2O = cyclic inosine monophosphate + NH3.


isopropylmalate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of isopropylmalate from one side of a membrane to the other.


C-22 sterol desaturase activity

Catalysis of the formation of the C-22(23) double bond in the sterol side chain. An example reaction: 5,7,24(28)-ergostatrienol + O2 + NADPH = 5,7,22,24(28)-ergostatetraenol + 2 H2O + NADP+.


endosome membrane permeabilization involved in viral entry into host cell

Induction of endosome membrane permeabilization triggered by an interaction between the host membrane and a membrane-penetration protein associated with the capsid. Occurs after internalization of the virus through the endosomal pathway, and results in delivery of the virus contents into the host cell cytoplasm.


heparan sulfate binding

Binding to heparan sulfate.


negative regulation of fusion cell fate specification

Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from adopting a fusion cell fate. Once the terminal and fusion fates have been correctly induced, inhibitory feedback loops prevent the remaining branch cells from assuming similar fates.


cellular hyperosmotic salinity response

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, an increase in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment.


uterine smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the uterus. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The uterus is a muscular organ of the female mammal for containing and usually for nourishing the young during development prior to birth.


positive regulation of toll-like receptor 15 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of toll-like receptor 15 signaling pathway.


regulation of cellular response to phosphate starvation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to phosphate starvation.


regulation of acetylcholine uptake

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine into a cell.


alternative oxidase activity

Catalysis of the oxidation of ubiquinol by diverting electrons from the standard electron transfer chain, transferring them from ubiquinol to oxygen and generating water as the product.


histone H3 methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a histone H3 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a methylated histone H3. Histone methylation generally occurs on either an arginine or a lysine residue.


xanthine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of xanthine from one side of a membrane to the other. Xanthine (2,6-dihydroxypurine) is a purine formed in the metabolic breakdown of guanine, but is not present in nucleic acids.


proteolysis within endoplasmic reticulum associated with antigen processing and presentation

The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein by ER resident proteases contributing to antigen processing and presentation.


negative regulation of inward rectifier potassium channel activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of inward rectifier potassium channel activity.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) + trans-zeatin = H+ + 9-(alpha-D-glucosyl)-trans-zeatin + UDP(3-).


positive regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine + alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosylceramide = UDP + beta-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosylceramide.


protein localization to cytoplasmic microtubule plus-end

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location at a cytoplasmic microtubule plus-end.


negative regulation of eye pigmentation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in the eye of an organism.


Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl L-asparagine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = peptidyl 3-hydroxy-L-asparagine + succinate + CO2.


2',3'-cyclic GMP-AMP synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + GTP = 2 diphosphate + cyclic G-P(2'-5')A-P(3'-5') (cyclic 2',3' GAMP).


negative regulation of telomerase RNA localization to Cajal body

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase RNA localization to Cajal body.


envenomation resulting in negative regulation of acid-sensing ion channel activity in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant negative regulation in the activity of an acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) in the bitten organism.


cyclopentanol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyclopentanol.


COPI coating of Golgi vesicle, cis-Golgi to rough ER

The addition of COPI proteins and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of cis-Golgi to rough ER transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat.


epsilon-caprolactam lactamase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: epsilon-caprolactam + H2O = H+ + 6-aminohexanoate.


DNA transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, from one side of a membrane to the other.


cell chemotaxis to fibroblast growth factor

The directed movement of a motile cell in response to the presence of fibroblast growth factor (FGF).


nicotinate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinate.


endoglycosylceramidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + oligoglycosylglucosylceramide = ceramide + oligoglycosylglucose.


Catalysis of the reaction: cyclooctat-9-en-7-ol + O2 + NADPH + H+ = cyclooctat-9-en-5,7-diol + H2O + NADP.


di-homo-gamma-linolenate delta5 desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: all-cis-icosa-8,11,14-trienoate + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor = arachidonate + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


indolelactate dehydrogenase (NADH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(indol-3-yl)lactate + NAD+ = 3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvate + H+ + NADH.


action potential initiation

The initiating cycle of an action potential. In vertebrate neurons this typically occurs at an axon hillock. Not all initiated axon potentials propagate.


maleylacetate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-oxoadipate + NAD(P)+ = 2-maleylacetate + NAD(P)H + H+.


ergothioneine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ergothioneine, a naturally occurring metabolite of histidine with antioxidant properties.


molecular tag activity

A molecular function exhibited by a protein that is covalently attached (AKA tagged or conjugated) to another molecule (for example a protein or a lipid) where it acts as a marker, recognized by the cellular apparatus to target the tagged protein for some cellular process such as modification, sequestration, transport or degradation.


peptide N-succinyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the acetylation of an amino acid residue of a peptide or protein, according to the reaction: succinyl-CoA + peptide = CoA + N-succinylpeptide.


spinal cord commissural neuron specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a commissural neuron in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway.


carcinine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of carcinine from one side of a membrane to the other.


endocrocin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of endocrocin.


pheophorbide a oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pheophorbide a + reduced ferredoxin + 2 O2 = red chlorophyll catabolite + oxidized ferredoxin + H2O.


NAD transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of NAD from one side of a membrane to the other.


precorrin-6A synthase (deacetylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + H2O + precorrin-5 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + acetate + 2 H+ + precorrin-6X.


acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus

An acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimuli such as heat or physical trauma.


regulation of cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


positive regulation of prolactin signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of prolactin signaling pathway.


symbiont-mediated perturbation of host protein ubiquitination

A process by which a symbiont alters ubiquitination of target proteins of a host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


dehydropipecolic acid reductase

Catalysis of the reaction: dehydropipecolic acid + NAD(P)H + H+ = L-pipecolic acid + NAD(P)+.


intracellular ammonium homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of ammonium within a cell.


abscisic acid homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of abscisic acid within an organism or cell.


mesenchymal stem cell differentiation involved in metanephric nephron morphogenesis

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal stem cell that contributes to the shaping of a nephronin the metanephros. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells.


Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-beta-alanine + H2O = beta-alanine + acetate.


tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade

A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell initiated by the action of tissue (glandular) kallikreins on low molecular weight kininogen in response to tissue damage. Tissue kallikreins are present in glandular tissues and their fluids, such as the salivary glands, sweat glands, pancreas, and kidney. The ultimate products of the tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade include kallidin and bradykinin, agents known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability.


opioid growth factor receptor activity

Combining with the opioid growth factor (OGF, met-enkephalin) and transmitting the signal across the nuclear membrane. Met-enkephalin is an endogenous opioid peptide that binds to opioid and opioid growth factor receptors, regulating tissue growth in a variety of cellular processes.


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = (R)-3-(indol-3-yl)-2-oxobutanoate + H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


nicotianamine aminotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + nicotianamine = 3''-deamino-3''-oxonicotianamine + L-glutamate.


negative regulation of neural retina development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of neural retina development, the progression of the neural retina over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The neural retina is the part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells.


immune complex clearance

A process directed at removing immune complexes from the body. Immune complexes are clusters of antibodies bound to antigen, to which complement may also be fixed, and which may precipitate or remain in solution.


phenylphosphate carboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenylphosphate + CO2 + H2O = H+ + phosphate + 4-hydroxybenzoate.


interleukin-11 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-11 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


endocardial cushion fusion

The cell-cell adhesion process of mesenchymal cardiac cushion cells that contributes to the process of cushion shaping.


negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis.


accessory nerve structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the accessory nerve This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve.


granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor activity

Combining with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


precorrin-6A reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: precorrin-6B + NADP+ = precorrin-6A + NADPH + H+.


cellular response to chemokine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemokine stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: TRIBOA-beta-D-glucoside + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = (2R)-DIMBOA glucoside + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-corytuberine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + magnoflorine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethyl-5-methylene-heptanoyl-CoA + NAD+ = 2,6-dimethyl-5-methylene-3-oxo-heptanoyl-CoA + NADH+ + H+.


sucrose mediated signaling

The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of sucrose.


modulation of acid-sensing ion channel in another organism

Any process in which an organism effects a change in the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of an acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) in another organism.


ganglioside GT1b binding

Binding to ganglioside GT1b.


flavanone 7-O-glucoside 2''-O-beta-L-rhamnosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-L-rhamnose + a flavanone 7-O-glucoside = UDP + a flavanone 7-O-[beta-L-rhamnosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucoside].


bilirubin oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 bilirubin + O2 = 2 biliverdin + 2 H2O.


regulation of neural crest formation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of neural crest formation. Neural crest formation is the formation of the specialized region of ectoderm between the neural ectoderm (neural plate) and non-neural ectoderm. The neural crest gives rise to the neural crest cells that migrate away from this region as neural tube formation proceeds.


heterochromatin boundary formation

A process that forms a boundary that limits the spreading of heterochromatin along a chromosome.


foregut regionalization

The pattern specification process that results in the spatial subdivision of an axis or axes along the foregut to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place.


negative regulation of establishment of bipolar cell polarity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of bipolar cell polarity.


L-fucose isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-fucose = L-fuculose.


positive regulation of sebum secreting cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sebum secreting cell proliferation.


(1->6)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->6)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->6)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds.


paspalicine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 13-desoxypaxilline + NADPH + O2 + H+ = paspalicine + NADP + 2 H2O.


determination of genital disc primordium

Allocation of embryonic cells to the genital imaginal disc founder populations. Early in development at the blastoderm stage, the anlage of the genital disc of both sexes consists of three primordia: the female genital primoridum lcoated anteriorly, the anal primoridum located posteriorly, and the male gential primordium between the two.


phlorizin hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phlorizin + H2O = beta-D-glucose + phloretin.


chlorophyll fluorescence

The process by which excess light energy absorbed by chlorophyll and not used to drive photosynthesis is re-emitted as light.


mitochondrial tRNA thio-modification

The addition a sulfur atom to a nucleotide in a mitochondrial tRNA molecule.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(2-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-D-ribulose 5-phosphate = 1-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate + CO2 + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + deoxynucleoside phosphate = ADP + deoxynucleoside diphosphate.


generation of mature 5'-end of LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA)

Cleavage within ITS2 to generate the mature 5'-end of an LSU-rRNA derived from a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript.


fusion of viral membrane with host outer nuclear membrane

Fusion of a viral primary envelope with the host outer nuclear membrane during nuclear egress. The transitory primary envelope is acquired by the virus as it buds at the inner nuclear membrane and gains access to the perinuclear space. This membrane is lost by fusing with the host outer nuclear membrane during nuclear exit.


pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


chrysobactin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the siderophore chrysobactin (alpha-N-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-D-lysyl-L-serine).


superior endocardial cushion morphogenesis

The developmental process by which a superior endocardial cushion is generated and organized.


protein localization to photoreceptor connecting cilium

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a photoreceptor connecting cilium.


arabinoxylan-containing compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving an arabinoxylan, a polymer containing a beta-1,4-linked D-xylose backbone decorated with arabinose side units.


response to organic substance

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic substance stimulus.


negative regulation of exit from mitosis

Any process involved in the inhibition of progression from anaphase/telophase (high mitotic CDK activity) to G1 (low mitotic CDK activity).


histone H2AR3 methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (histone H2A)-arginine (position 3) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (histone H2A)-N-methyl-arginine (position 3). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the arginine residue at position 3 of histone H2A.


chordate pharynx development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of cordate pharynx over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


3-epi-6-deoxocathasterone C-23 hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + 3-epi-6-deoxocathasterone + reduced (NADPH-hemoprotein reducdtase) + O2 = 6=deoxotyphasterol + oxidized (NADPH-hemoprotein reductase) + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,4Z)-2-hydroxy-6-oxonona-2,4-dienedioate + H2O = (2E)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate + H+ + succinate.


perforin production

The appearance of a perforin protein due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, cytochrome as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a cytochrome molecule.


positive regulation of fibronectin-dependent thymocyte migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibronectin-dependent thymocyte migration.


positive regulation of mammary stem cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mammary stem cell proliferation.


all-trans retinal binding

Binding to all-trans retinal, a compound that plays an important role in the visual process in most vertebrates. All-trans retinal (trans r., visual yellow) results from the bleaching of rhodopsin by light, in which the 11-cis form is converted to the all-trans form. Retinal is one of the forms of vitamin A.


iron acquisition from host

The process by which a symbiont acquires iron from its host, either from heme or other iron containing molecules such as transferrin and lactoferrin. Begins with either the secretion of symbiont gene products that bind iron- or heme-containing molecules (siderophores and hemophores) from the symbiont cell into the host, or by expression of receptors that bind iron- or heme-containing molecules on the symbiont cell surface. Ends when the iron-containing compound is transported into the symbiont cell.


rhombomere cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of rhombomere cells, resulting in the expansion of the cell population.


trimming of terminal mannose on C branch

The removal of an alpha-1,2-linked mannose from the C-chain of a glycoprotein oligosaccharide in the endoplasmic reticulum.


mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in salivary gland development

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal cell of the salivary gland. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types.


inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

Any inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration.


intraglomerular mesangial cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of intraglomerular glomerular mesangium cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Intraglomerular mesangial cells are specialized pericytes located among the glomerular capillaries within a renal corpuscle of a kidney. They are required for filtration, structural support and phagocytosis.


inulinase activity

Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of 2,1-beta-D-fructosidic linkages in inulin.


R8 cell-mediated photoreceptor organization

The regionalization process that coordinates the recruitment and organization of other non-R8 photoreceptors by the R8 photoreceptor.


centrosomal and pronuclear rotation

The rotation of centrosomes and associated pronuclei in one-cell embryos such as those of Caenorhabditis elegans, occurring as a transition between pronuclear migration and pronuclear fusion.


enzyme-thiol transhydrogenase (glutathione-disulfide) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: oxidized glutathione + [xanthine dehydrogenase] = reduced glutathione + xanthine-oxidase.


trypsinogen activation

The proteolytic processing of trypsinogen to the active form, trypsin.


Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + L-methionyl-tRNA + H2O = tetrahydrofolate + N-formylmethionyl-tRNA.


detection of electrical stimulus involved in electroception

The series of events that contribute to electroception in which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


mesonephric glomerular epithelial cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric glomerular epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Mesonephric glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the mesonephric glomerulus; there are two types, mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells and mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cells.


negative regulation of dermatome development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the progression of the dermatome over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The dermatome is the portion of a somite that will form skin.


positive regulation of maltoheptaose metabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of maltoheptaose metabolic process.


adrenaline O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-adrenaline(1+) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = metanephrine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


gibberellin 12 biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gibberellin 12, (1R,2S,3S,4R,8S,9S,12R)-4,8-dimethyl-13-methylidenetetracyclo[10.2.1.01,9.03,8]pentadecane-2,4-dicarboxylic acid 1meta,4a-dimethyl-8-methylidene-4aalpha,4bbeta-gibbane-1alpha,10beta-dicarboxylic acid.


16S rRNA (adenine(1518)-N(6)/adenine(1519)-N(6))-dimethyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine(1518)/adenine(1519) in 16S rRNA = 4 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N(6)-dimethyladenine(1518)/N(6)-dimethyladenine(1519) in 16S rRNA.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-dehydro-L-gulonate + NAD(P)+ = (4R,5S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2,3-dioxohexanoate + NAD(P)H + H+.


posterior abdomen determination

The regionalization process in which the posterior (abdominal) regions of the embryo are specified by the gap genes.


AAA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AAA codon.


metanephric capsule specification

The regionalization process in which the identity of the metanephric capsule is specified. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


positive regulation of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of touch.


leukotriene production involved in inflammatory response

The synthesis or release of any leukotriene following a stimulus as part of an inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


negative regulation of maltopentaose transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of maltopentaose transport.


biopterin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of biopterin from one side of a membrane to the other. Biopterin is a growth factor for certain protozoans and some insects; it is widely distributed in tissues and functions in a reduced form, tetrahydrobiopterin, as a hydroxylation coenzyme.


response to L-thialysine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-thialysine stimulus.


positive regulation of macrophage migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage migration.


response to microbial phytotoxin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a microbial phytotoxin stimulus. A microbial phytotoxin is a chemical substance produced by microbes which is toxic to plants.


phosphothreonine lyase activity

Catalysis of the removal of the phosphate group from phosphothreonine by cleavage of the C-OP bond with the concomitant abstraction of the alpha proton, generating a double bond-containing product.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-demethylmenaquinol-7 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = menaquinol-7 + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


cellular response to tert-butyl hydroperoxide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) stimulus.


retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway involved in pronephric field specification

The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a retinoic acid receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands that results in regions of the embryo being delineated into the area in which the pronephric kidney will develop.


DNA-dependent DNA replication DNA ligation

The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase, that contributes to DNA-dependent DNA replication.


Catalysis of the reaction: pyrimidine nucleoside + phosphate = pyrimidine + alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-diaminopentanoate + H2O + NAD(P)+ = 2-amino-4-oxopentanoate + NH3 + NAD(P)H + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + 2 ATP = D-myo-inositol 1,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate + 2 ADP + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3beta-hydroxy-5beta-pregnane-20-one + NADP+ = 5beta-pregnan-3,20-dione + H+ + NADPH.


methionyl-initiator methionine tRNA binding

Binding to methionine-initator methionine tRNA.


R8 cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the R8 photoreceptor over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The R8 photoreceptor is the founding receptor of each ommatidium.


phenylethylamine metabolic process involved in synaptic transmission

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phenylethylamine that contribute to synaptic transmission.


acinar cell of sebaceous gland differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an acinar cell of sebaceous gland.


plant endodermal cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a plant endodermal cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + dTTP = diphosphate + dTDP-glucose.


auditory receptor cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an auditory hair cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


vagus nerve maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the vagus nerve to attain its fully functional state. This nerve is primarily sensory but also has visceromotor components. It originates in the brain stem and controls many autonomic functions of the heart, lungs, stomach, pharynx, larynx, trachea, esophagus and other gastrointestinal tract components. It controls some motor functions such as speech. The sensory branches mediate sensation from the pharynx, larynx, thorax and abdomen; it also innervates taste buds in the epiglottis.


palmitoleic acid delta 12 desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoleoyl-CoA + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor = (9Z,12Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoA + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


xylem and phloem pattern formation

The regionalization process that gives rise to the patterning of the conducting tissues. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.


cytosolic lipolysis

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipid droplets and hydrolysis of stored triglycerides occurring through the orchestrated activation of cytosolic lipases.


GlcNAc-MurNAc-L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelyl-D-alanine + H2O = GlcNAc-MurNAc-L-alanyl-gamma-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelate + D-alanine.


dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

(S)-dihydroorotate + a quinone = orotate + a quinol.


positive regulation of acid-sensing ion channel in another organism

Any process in which an organism positively regulates the activity of a voltage-gated sodium channel in another organism.


intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, interconverting keto- and enol-groups

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor, which is a keto- or an enol-group, are the same molecule, and no oxidized product appears.


alkyl caffeate ester biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ester derivatives of alkyl caffeate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxy-6-methoxypyrene + XCH3 = 1,6-dimethoxypyrene + HX.


benzoyl-CoA biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of benzoyl-CoA.


co-translational protein acetylation

The addition of an acetyl group to one or more amino acids in a protein, occurring before the protein has been completely translated and released from the ribosome.


Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + sugar(out) = protein histidine + sugar phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


regulation of substance P secretion, neurotransmission

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of substance P secretion, neurotransmission.


aerobactin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving aerobactin (C22H36N4O13), a hydroxamate iron transport compound. It is a conjugate of 6-(N-acetyl-N-hydroxylamine)-2-aminohexanoic acid and citric acid.


regulation of phialide development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phialide development, a process that leads to the formation of phialides. Phialides are specialized cells that bud from the ends of metulae on the conidiophore tip.


Catalysis of the reaction: patuletin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = quercetagetin 3',6-dimethyl ether + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


limb basal epidermal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a limb epidermal basal cell. A epidermal basal cell cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into more specialized cell of the limb epidermis.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a bacteriochlorophyll, any of the chlorophylls of photosynthetic bacteria. They differ structurally from the chlorophylls of higher plants.


Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + trimethylamine-N-oxide = NAD+ + trimethylamine + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + H+ = (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetaldehyde + CO2.


flagellum attachment zone organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a flagellum attachment zone. FAZ is a network of cytoskeletal and membranous connections responsible for the lateral attachment of the cilium to the cell body in some trypanosomatid species.


excitatory synapse pruning

The disaggregation of an excitatory synapse into its constituent components.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,4-trimethylpent-2-enoyl-CoA + H2O = 2,4,4-trimethyl-3-hydroxypentanoyl-CoA.


peptidyl-glycyl-phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-glycine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-glycine ethanolamide-linked phosphatide following hydrolysis of a glycyl-peptide bond, as in the cleavage of arginine from the carboxy-terminal of Apg8 followed by its amidation with phosphatidylethanolamine.


negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response to a non-antigenic stimulus.


positive regulation of lateral mesodermal cell fate specification

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lateral mesoderm cell fate specification.


dehydrogluconokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-dehydro-D-gluconate + ATP = 6-phospho-2-dehydro-D-gluconate + ADP + 2 H+.