response to bacterial lipoprotein

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacterial lipoprotein stimulus.


positive regulation of cytoplasmic translation

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translation.


cardiac muscle tissue growth involved in heart morphogenesis

The developmental growth of cardiac muscle tissue that contributes to the shaping of the heart.


Sleep paralysis

biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:ThingWithTaxon

An inability to move the body at the onset of sleep or upon awakening from sleep, lasting for seconds to a few minutes.


Asterixis

A clinical sign indicating a lapse of posture and is usually manifest by a bilateral flapping tremor at the wrist, metacarpophalangeal, and hip joints.


positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis.


reduction of food intake in response to dietary excess

An eating behavior process whereby detection of a dietary excess results in a decrease in intake of nutrients.


filopodium assembly

The assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone.


glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor receptor.


gonadotropin secretion

The regulated release of a gonadotropin, any hormone that stimulates the gonads, especially follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone.


response to DNA damage checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of DNA damage checkpoint signaling.


lung neoplasm

biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:ThingWithTaxon

A benign or malignant, primary or metastatic neoplasm involving the lungs. Representative examples of benign neoplasms include adenoma, papilloma, chondroma, and endobronchial lipoma. Representative examples of malignant neoplasms include carcinoma, carcinoid tumor, sarcoma, and lymphoma.


glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (isomerizing) activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate.


magnesium ion homeostasis

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of magnesium ions within an organism or cell.


negative regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-adenosylmethioninamine, (5-deoxy-5-adenosyl)(3-aminopropyl) methylsulfonium salt.


commitment of multipotent stem cells to neuronal lineage in forebrain

The initial commitment of cells whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into some type of neuron in the forebrain.


Pruritus vulvae

A sensation of itching in the vulvar region.


nuclear progesterone receptor binding

Binding to a nuclear progesterone receptor.


mRNA editing complex

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A protein complex that posttranscriptionally catalyzes insertion, deletion or substitution of nucleotides at multiple sites within nascent mRNA transcripts to produce mature mRNAs in eukaryotes.


viral encephalitis

Encephalitis resulting from viral infection.


eye pigmentation

Establishment of a pattern of pigment in the eye of an organism.


protein side chain deglutamylation

The removal of a glutamate residue from the side chain of a protein. Glutamate side chains are added to glutamic acid residues within the primary protein sequence during polyglutamylation.


aminoacylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an N-acyl-L-amino acid + H2O = a carboxylate + an L-amino acid.


Sprain

A stretching or tearing of a ligament.


negative regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction. Nitric oxide mediated signal transduction is The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of nitric oxide (NO).


male breast carcinoma

A malignant neoplasm involving the male breast.


peroxisome matrix targeting signal-1 binding

Binding to a type 1 peroxisome targeting signal, a tripeptide with the consensus sequence (S/A/C)-(K/R/H)-L.


peptidyl-glutamine modification

The modification of peptidyl-glutamine.


leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response

The movement of an immune cell in response to an external stimulus contributing to an inflammatory response.


dense fibrillar component

A structure found in the nucleolus, which contains newly synthesized preribosomal RNA (pre-rRNA) and a collection of proteins.


response to muscle activity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muscle activity stimulus. This process occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


3-chloroallyl aldehyde dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chloroallyl aldehyde + H2O = 2 H+ + 2 e- + 3-chloroacrylic acid.


leukotriene-C4 synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: leukotriene C(4) = glutathione + leukotriene A(4).


glomerular endothelium development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the glomerular endothelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus.


Positive Blood Culture

A laboratory test result demonstrating the presence of a specific organism in a blood sample after culture.


glomerular mesangial cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of glomerular mesangial cells, resulting in the expansion of the population.


maxillary artery

biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

An artery that supplies deep structures of the face. It comes just out behind the neck of the mandible. [WP,unvetted].


soft palate development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the soft palate from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. The soft palate is the posterior portion of the palate extending from the posterior edge of the hard palate.


regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) pathway.


n-pentyl nitrite

A nitrite ester having n-pentyl as the alkyl group.


vaginismus

Tightness of the vaginal wall during vaginal penetration including sexual intercourse. It is caused by involuntary spasm of the pelvic floor muscles, and results in painful intercourse or failure to have intercourse. It may due to psychological conditions, trauma in the vaginal area, or vaginal infection.


glycerol-3-phosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphoric monoester of glycerol.


positive regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of MHC class I.


abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome

A combination of medical conditions that when present, increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. It includes the following medical conditions: increased blood pressure, central obesity, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance.


negative regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of luteinizing hormone.


regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of relaxation of cardiac muscle.


positive regulation of granzyme B production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of granzyme B.


positive regulation of chronic inflammatory response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response.


aortic aneurysm

A ruptured aneurysm located in the wall of the proximal portion of the descending aorta proceeding from the arch of the aorta.


atrioventricular node cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an atrioventricular (AV) node cell. AV node cells are pacemaker cells that are found in the atrioventricular node.


Central nervous system stimulation (procedure)

biolink:Procedure biolink:NamedThing biolink:ActivityAndBehavior biolink:Occurrent biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent


bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic respiratory disease that results from complications related to lung injury during the treatment of infant acute respiratory distress syndrome in low-birth-weight premature infants or from abnormal lung development in older infants. Clinical signs are tachypnea, tachycardia and signs of respiratory distress such as intercostal recession, grunting and nasal flaring.


ankyrin repeat binding

Binding to an ankyrin repeat of a protein. Ankyrin repeats are tandemly repeated modules of about 33 amino acids; each repeat folds into a helix-loop-helix structure with a beta-hairpin/loop region projecting out from the helices at a 90-degree angle, and repeats stack to form an L-shaped structure.


serotonin secretion

The regulated release of serotonin by a cell. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT) is a monoamine synthesised in serotonergic neurons in the central nervous system, enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal tract and some immune system cells.


regulation of polyamine transmembrane transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of polyamine transmembrane transport.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH group of donors, oxygen as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen.


regulation of DNA recombination at telomere

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination within the telomere.


negative regulation of peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation.


regulation of mast cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mast cell proliferation.


endonucleolytic cleavage in 5'-ETS of tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA)

Endonucleolytic cleavage within the 5'-External Transcribed Spacer (ETS) of a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Endonucleolytic cleavage within the 5'-ETS of the pre-RNA is conserved as one of the early steps of rRNA processing in all eukaryotes, but the specific position of cleavage is variable.


DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity

Catalysis of the cleavage of the C-O-P bond in the AP site created when DNA glycosylase removes a damaged base, involved in the DNA base excision repair pathway (BER).


inner dynein arm

Inner arm structure present on the outer doublet microtubules of ciliary and flagellar axonemes. The structure of inner dynein arms is complex and may vary within the axoneme. Inner dynein arms are heteromeric, comprising 8 different heavy chains and various subunits. Inner and outer dynein arms have different functions in the generation of microtubule-based motility.


response to prostaglandin F

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin F stimulus.


cardiac tamponade

Acute compression of the heart caused by increased intrapericardial pressure due to the collection of blood or fluid in the pericardium from rupture of the heart, penetrating trauma, or progressive effusion.


atrioventricular dissociation

Impaired conduction of cardiac impulse that can occur anywhere along the conduction pathway, such as between the sinoatrial node and the right atrium (sa block) or between atria and ventricles (av block). Heart blocks can be classified by the duration, frequency, or completeness of conduction block. Reversibility depends on the degree of structural or functional defects.


LBD domain binding

Binding to a protein's ligand binding domain (LBD) domain, found in nuclear receptors. In general, the LBDs consist of three layers comprised of twelve alpha-helices and several beta-strands that are organized around a lipophilic ligand-binding pocket.


Ectopic ossification

Formation of abnormal, extraskeletal bony tissue, i.e., the presence of bone in soft tissue where bone normally does not exist.


beta-3 adrenergic receptor binding

Binding to a beta-3 adrenergic receptor.


regulation of cardiac muscle cell membrane potential

Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in a cardiac muscle cell (a cardiomyocyte). A membrane potential is the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.


inclusion body assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an inclusion body.


negative regulation of miRNA processing

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of microRNA processing.


cluster headache syndrome

A headache disorder that is characterized by periodic severe, unilateral orbital, supraorbital, and/or temporal pain, and is associated with ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms.


adenine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of adenine, 6-aminopurine, one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids and a component of numerous important derivatives of its corresponding ribonucleoside, adenosine.


Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from L-phenylalanine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid.


establishment of blood-brain barrier

Establishment of the barrier between the blood and the brain. The cells in the brain are packed tightly together preventing the passage of most molecules from the blood into the brain. Only lipid soluble molecules or those that are actively transported can pass through the blood-brain barrier.


olfactory receptor binding

Binding to an olfactory receptor.


positive regulation of the force of heart contraction by epinephrine-norepinephrine

Any process that increases the force with which the cardiac muscles of the heart pump blood through the circulatory system as a result of the presence of epinephrine or norepinephrine in the bloodstream or released from the nerve endings.


Weak pulse

A diminution in the amplitude (strength) of the pulse such that the examiner has difficulty feeling the pulse.


amyloid precursor protein metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of amyloid-beta, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease.


regulation of establishment of T cell polarity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of T cell polarity.


congenital diaphragmatic hernia

A posterolateral defect of the diaphragm that allows passage of abdominal viscera into the thorax, leading to respiratory insufficiency and persistent pulmonary hypertension with high mortality.


cellular response to UV-A

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a UV-A radiation stimulus. UV-A radiation (UV-A light) spans the wavelengths 315 to 400 nm.


positive regulation of eosinophil activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil activation.


inner cell mass cell fate commitment

The cell fate commitment of precursor cells that will become inner cell mass cells.


Female infertility associated with anovulation

A menstrual cycle in which no ovulation occurs.


negative regulation of CD40 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the CD40 signaling pathway.


activation of phospholipase D activity

Any process that initiates the activity of inactive phospholipase D.


mitotic spindle pole

Either of the ends of a mitotic spindle, a spindle that forms as part of mitosis, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules.


Infection by human herpesvirus 6

An infection that is caused by human herpesvirus-6.


glomerular capillary formation

The process that gives rise to a glomerular capillary. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in programmed necrotic cell death

Any regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability that is involved in programmed necrotic cell death.


metanephric podocyte development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros.


pupil disorder

A disease involving the pupil.


lactose binding

Binding to lactose, a disaccharide of glucose and galactose, the carbohydrate of milk.


negative regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement-dependent cytotoxicity.


rRNA primary transcript binding

Binding to an unprocessed ribosomal RNA transcript.


establishment of protein-containing complex localization to telomere

The directed movement of a protein-containing macromolecular complex to a specific location in the telomeric region of a chromosome.


ureteric bud formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ureteric bud from the Wolffian duct. This process begins when the bud protrudes from the duct and ends when it is a recognizable bud.


D-serine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-serine, the D-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2R)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.


NFAT protein binding

Binding to NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) proteins, a family of transcription factors. NFAT proteins have crucial roles in the development and function of the immune system.


purine nucleoside transmembrane transport

The process in which a purine nucleoside is transported across a membrane. A purine nucleoside is a purine base covalently bonded to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar.


negative regulation of DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin formation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of DNA methylation-dependent heterochromatin formation.


Enanthema

A sudden eruption (rash) of the surface of a mucous membrane of the mouth or pharynx.


negative regulation of bile acid metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bile acid metabolic process.


calcium-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity

Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a calcium-dependent protein kinase.


Conjunctival follicles

Small, dome-shaped nodules without a prominent central vessel located on the conjunctiva. The lymphoid follicles are located in the subendothelial region of the conjunctiva. They consist of a germinal center that contains immature, proliferating lymphocytes, as well as a corona that contains mature lymphocytes and plasma cells.


glutamine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid.


negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor production

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the appearance of a fibroblast growth factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


positive regulation of mast cell cytokine production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell cytokine production.


Renal vein thrombosis

The presence of a thrombus (blood clot) in the major renal veins or its tributaries, generally leading to passive congestion that develops causes the affected kidney to swell and become engorged, leading to degeneration of nephrons and causing symptoms of flank pain, hematuria, and decreased urine output.


synaptic transmission involved in micturition

The process of communication from a neuron to a smooth muscle in the bladder that contributes to the expulsion of urine from the body.


regulation of high-density lipoprotein particle assembly

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of high-density lipoprotein particle assembly. High-density lipoprotein particle assembly is the aggregation and arrangement of proteins and lipids to form a high-density lipoprotein particle.


intermittent explosive disorder

A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of serious assaultive acts or destruction of property due to a failure to resist aggressive impulses; the degree of aggression during these episodes is grossly out of proportion to any psychosocial provocation. The aggressive episodes are not etiologically linked to another mental disorder, a general medical condition, or substance use.


catenin complex

Complex of peripheral cytoplasmic proteins (alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin) that interact with the cytoplasmic region of uvomorulin/E-cadherin to connect it to the actin cytoskeleton.


insulin-like growth factor II binding

Binding to insulin-like growth factor II.


positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process.


membrane repolarization during action potential

The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential.


polyphosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a polyphosphate, the anion or salt of polyphosphoric acid.


thiopurine S-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a thiopurine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a thiopurine S-methylether.


glucose 1-phosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose 1-phosphate, a monophosphorylated derivative of glucose with the phosphate group attached to C-1.


beta-glucuronidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a beta-D-glucuronoside + H2O = an alcohol + D-glucuronate.


positive regulation of serine-type endopeptidase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of serine-type endopeptidase activity.


dopamine uptake

The directed movement of dopamine into a cell.


positive regulation of oocyte maturation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oocyte maturation.


cyanate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyanate, NCO-, the anion of cyanic acid.


hip joint

A synovial joint that connects the femur to the acetbulum of the innominate bone.


Toll-like receptor binding

Binding to a Toll-like protein, a pattern recognition receptor that binds pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate an innate immune response.


DNA replication preinitiation complex

A protein-DNA complex assembled at eukaryotic DNA replication origins immediately prior to the initiation of DNA replication. The preinitiation complex is formed by the assembly of additional proteins onto an existing prereplicative complex. In budding yeast, the additional proteins might include Cdc45p, Sld2p, Sld3p, Dpb11p, DNA polymerases, and others; in fission yeast the GINS complex is present.


distal convoluted tubule development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the distal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The distal convoluted tubule is the first segment of the nephron lying just downstream from the loop of Henle, immediately after the macula densa. Among other functions, in humans it is responsible for the reabsorption of about 5% of filtered sodium via the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl symporter.


inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol trisphosphate, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, with three phosphate groups attached.


regulation of axon diameter

Any process that modulates the rate, direction or extent of axon growth such that the correct diameter is attained and maintained.


triterpenoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.


facial neuralgia

Neuralgic syndromes which feature chronic or recurrent facial pain as the primary manifestation of disease. Disorders of the trigeminal and facial nerves are frequently associated with these conditions.


positive regulation of protein localization to early endosome

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to early endosome.


regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle hypertrophy.


dihydrobiopterin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a dihydrobiopterin, a reduced pteridine derivative related to folic acid; it acts as an electron carrier in tyrosine biosynthesis and its quinoid form is produced by oxidation of tetrahydrobiopterin in several biological hydroxylation reactions.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism.


lamin filament

Any of a group of intermediate-filament proteins that form the fibrous matrix on the inner surface of the nuclear envelope. They are classified as lamins A, B and C.


response to cycloheximide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cycloheximide stimulus. Cycloheximide (actidione) is an antibiotic produced by some Streptomyces species which interferes with protein synthesis in eukaryotes.


positive regulation of type I hypersensitivity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type I hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.


endothelial cell fate commitment

The commitment of a cell to an endothelial cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into an endothelial cell.


negative regulation of negative chemotaxis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism towards a lower concentration in a concentration gradient of a specific chemical.


isoleucyl-tRNA aminoacylation

The process of coupling isoleucine to isoleucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. The isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a isoleucine-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.


regulation of T cell antigen processing and presentation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell antigen processing and presentation.


uvea

The pigmented middle of the three concentric layers that make up an eye, consisting of the iris, ciliary body and choroid[WP,edited].


actin rod assembly

The assembly of actin rods, a cellular structure consisting of parallel, hexagonally arranged actin tubules.


peptidyl-aspartic acid modification

The modification of peptidyl-aspartic acid.


Ligament injury

An injury to any of the fibrous bands of tissue that comprise an articulation (joint).


epithelial cell maturation involved in prostate gland development

The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an epithelial cell of the prostate gland to attain its fully functional state. An epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface.


planar dichotomous subdivision of terminal units involved in lung branching morphogenesis

The process in which a lung bud bifurcates parallel to the plane of the previous bud.


pseudopodium assembly

The assembly of a pseudopodium by rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton and overlying membrane.


regulation of isotype switching to IgA isotypes

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of isotype switching to IgA isotypes.


Perceptual distortions

biolink:Behavior biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ActivityAndBehavior biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent


protein localization to nuclear pore

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a nuclear pore.


chondrocyte hypertrophy

The growth of a chondrocyte, where growth contributes to the progression of the chondrocyte over time.


rRNA 2'-O-methylation

The addition of a methyl group to the 2'-oxygen atom of a nucleotide residue in an rRNA molecule during ribosome biogenesis.


polyamine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyamines, any organic compound containing two or more amino groups.


cell outer membrane

A lipid bilayer that forms the outermost membrane of the cell envelope; enriched in polysaccharide and protein; the outer leaflet of the membrane contains specific lipopolysaccharide structures.


sesquiterpenoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving sesquiterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with three isoprene units.


ferric-chelate reductase (NADPH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 Fe3+-siderophore + NADP+ + H+ -> 2 Fe2+-siderophore + NADPH.


peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: peptide-L-methionine + H2O + thioredoxin disulfide = peptide-L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + thioredoxin. Can act on oxidized methionine in peptide linkage with specificity for the R enantiomer. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin.


small ribosomal subunit rRNA binding

Binding to small ribosomal subunit RNA (SSU rRNA), a constituent of the small ribosomal subunit. In S. cerevisiae, this is the 18S rRNA.


Muscle flaccidity

A type of paralysis in which a muscle becomes soft and yields to passive stretching, which results from loss of all or practically all peripheral motor nerves that innervated the muscle. Muscle tone is reduced and the affected muscles undergo extreme atrophy within months of the loss of innervation.


regulation of motor neuron apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron apoptotic process.


Ovulation inhibited

biolink:PhysiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent


positive regulation of phospholipid efflux

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipid efflux.


positive regulation of establishment of protein localization to telomere

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of protein localization to telomere.


negative regulation of single-species biofilm formation in or on host organism

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of single-species biofilm formation in or on host organism.


positive regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) pathway.


response to cGMP

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cGMP (cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + HCO3-(out) = Na+(in) + HCO3-(in).


regulation of protein ADP-ribosylation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein ADP-ribosylation. Protein ADP-ribosylation is the transfer, from NAD, of ADP-ribose to protein amino acids.


D-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) deacylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) = D-tyrosine + tRNA(Tyr). Hydrolysis of the removal of D-tyrosine from tyrosine residues in charged tRNA.


pancreatic PP cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features of a pancreatic polypeptide-producing cell. A pancreatic polypeptide-producing cell is a cell in the pancreas that produces pancreatic polypeptide.


amino acid:proton symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: amino acid(out) + H+(out) = amino acid(in) + H+(in).


aortic disorder

Pathology involving the thoracic, thoracoabdominal, or abdominal aorta (including aneurysms). (ACC)


Catalysis of the reactions: (1) 5beta-cholestan-3-one + NADP+ = cholest-4-en-3-one + NADPH + H+ and (2) 17,21-dihydroxy-5beta-pregnane-3,11,20-trione + NADP+ = cortisone + NADPH + H+.


11-cis retinal binding

Binding to 11-cis retinal, an isomer of retinal that plays an important role in the visual process in most vertebrates. 11-cis retinal combines with opsin in the rods (scotopsin) to form rhodopsin or visual purple. Retinal is one of the three compounds that makes up vitamin A.


regulation of cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation.


MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding

Binding to a member of the MDM2/MDM4 protein family, comprising negative regulators of p53.


positive regulation of DNA ligation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA ligation, the re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase.


positive regulation of lipophagy

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lipophagy.


citrate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


D-aminoacyl-tRNA deacylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-aminoacyl-tRNA = D-amino acid + tRNA. Hydrolysis of the removal of D-amino acids from residues in charged tRNA.


ErbB-2 class receptor binding

Binding to a protein-tyrosine kinase receptor Neu/ErbB-2/HER2.


collagen type IX trimer

A collagen heterotrimer containing type IX alpha chains in alpha1(IX)alpha2(IX)alpha3(IX) trimers; type IX collagen triple helices associate to form a structure that links glycosaminoglycans to type II collagen fibrils.


lipoxin A4 metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoxin A4. Lipoxin A4 is a C20 hydroxy fatty acid having (5S)-, (6R)- and (15S)-hydroxy groups as well as (7E)- (9E)-, (11Z)- and (13E)-double bonds.


positive regulation of cap-independent translational initiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cap-independent translational initiation.


RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor binding

Binding to a basal RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any of the factors involved in formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC) by RNA polymerase II and defined as a basal or general transcription factor.


isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate, an isomer of dimethylallyl diphosphate and the key precursor of all isoprenoids.


regulation of multivesicular body size

Any process that modulates the volume of a multivesicular body, a type of late endosome in which regions of the limiting endosomal membrane invaginate to form internal vesicles.


negative regulation of vitamin metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body.


Abdominal Abscess

An abscess within the abdomen.


apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme complex

Protein complex that mediates editing of the mRNA encoding apolipoprotein B; catalyzes the deamination of C to U (residue 6666 in the human mRNA). Contains a catalytic subunit, APOBEC-1, and other proteins (e.g. human ASP; rat ASP and KSRP).


proteasome activator complex

A multisubunit complex that activates the hydrolysis of small nonubiquitinated peptides by binding to the proteasome core complex.


neutrophil aggregation

The adhesion of one neutrophil to one or more other neutrophils via adhesion molecules.


intracellular water homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of water within a cell.


Bile Duct Stenosis

Narrowing or stricture of the bile duct.


nasal bone

One of two small oblong bones, varying in size and form in different individuals; they are placed side by side at the middle and upper part of the face, and form, by their junction, 'the bridge' of the nose[WP]. Paired dermal bones, likened to a bone tube, positioned lateral to the supraethmoid. Nasal bones are transversed by the anterior most part of the supraorbital canals and bear one neuromast foramen in zebrafish[ZFA].


chromosome passenger complex

A eukaryotically conserved protein complex that localizes to kinetochores in early mitosis, the spindle mid-zone in anaphase B and to the telophase midbody. It has been proposed that the passenger complex coordinates various events based on its location to different structures during the course of mitosis. Complex members include the BIR-domain-containing protein Survivin, Aurora kinase, INCENP and Borealin.


Hypouricemia

An abnormally low level of uric acid in the blood.


Modulates the activity of the enzyme 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase activity.


umbilical cord morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the umbilical cord are generated and organized. The umbilical cord is an organ or embryonic origin consisting of the 2 umbilical arteries and the one umbilical vein. The umbilical cord connects the cardiovascular system of the fetus to the mother via the placenta.


cochlear nerve

biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A nerve in the head that carries signals from the cochlea of the inner ear to the brain. It is part of the vestibulocochlear nerve, the 8th cranial nerve which is found in higher vertebrates; the other portion of the 8th cranial nerve is the vestibular nerve which carries spatial orientation information from the semicircular canals. The cochlear nerve is a sensory nerve, one which conducts to the brain information about the environment, in this case acoustic energy impinging on the tympanic membrane. The cochlear nerve arises from within the cochlea and extends to the brainstem, where its fibers make contact with the cochlear nucleus, the next stage of neural processing in the auditory system[WP].


interleukin-8 receptor binding

Binding to an interleukin-8 receptor.


manchette

A tubular array of microtubules that extends from the perinuclear ring surrounding the spermatid nucleus to the flagellar axoneme. The manchette may also contain F-actin filaments.


homoiothermy

Any homoeostatic process in which an organism maintains its internal body temperature at a relatively constant value. This is achieved by using metabolic processes to counteract fluctuations in the temperature of the environment.


prostaglandin J receptor activity

Combining with prostaglandin J (PGJ(2)), a metabolite of prostaglandin D (PGD(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity.


regulation of melanosome organization

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of melanosome organization.


pentolinium ion

A dication whose structure comprises a pentane backbone linking two 1-methylpyrrolidinium groups; a nicotinic antagonist used as a ganglionic blocking agent in hypertension.


acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA.


Kearns-Sayre syndrome

Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS) is a mitochondrial disease characterized by progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), pigmentary retinitis and an onset before the age of 20 years. Common additional features include deafness, cerebellar ataxia and heart block.


fructose-bisphosphate aldolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate = glycerone phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.


triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle clearance

The process in which a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


astrocyte cell migration

The orderly movement of an astrocyte, a class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system, the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord.


gamma-tubulin complex localization

Any process in which a gamma-tubulin complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


regulation of granzyme B production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of granzyme B.


negative regulation of interleukin-23 production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-23 production.


An enzyme complex that catalyzes the dehydrogenation of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate to form glycerone phosphate.


establishment of Sertoli cell barrier

Establishment of a structure near the basement membrane in adjacent Sertoli cells of the seminiferous epithelium for maintaining spermatogenesis. The structure consists of tight junctions, basal ectoplasmic specializations, and desmosome-like junctions.


regulation of zinc ion transmembrane transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of zinc ions (Zn2+) from one side of a membrane to the other.


detoxification of nitrogen compound

Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of nitrogenous compounds which are dangerous or toxic. This includes the aerobic conversion of toxic compounds to harmless substances.


tumor of uterus

A neoplasm (disease) that involves the uterus.


A protein complex that possesses glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase activity, and therefore creates Gln-tRNA by amidating Glu-tRNA; usually composed of 3 subunits: A, B, and C. Note that the C subunit may not be required in all organisms.


regulation of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway.


acetylcholine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues.


post-embryonic camera-type eye morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the eye are generated and organized during post-embryonic development.


Brain abscess

A collection of pus, immune cells, and other material in the brain.


Serum creatinine outside reference range


The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate, a folate derivative comprising tetrahydrofolate attached to a chain of glutamate residues.


epidermoid cysts

The most common type of cutaneous cyst. It results from the proliferation of epidermal cells in a circumscribed space within the dermis. It is usually asymptomatic and presents as a firm, round nodule.


Uterine Pain

A painful sensation in the uterus.


positive regulation of cytotoxic T cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytotoxic T cell differentiation.


tubulin deacetylation

The removal of an acetyl group from tubulin. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid.


Livedo

A reddish-blue mottled condition of skin caused by inflammation of the cutaneous blood vessels.


viral envelope

The lipid bilayer of a virion that surrounds the protein capsid. May also contain glycoproteins.


adenocarcinoma

A common cancer characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells. Morphologically, adenocarcinomas are classified according to the growth pattern (e.g., papillary, alveolar) or according to the secreting product (e.g., mucinous, serous). Representative examples of adenocarcinoma are ductal and lobular breast carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma), colon adenocarcinoma, and prostate adenocarcinoma.


tRNA wobble position uridine thiolation

The process in which a uridine residue at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally thiolated at the C2 position. This process involves transfer of a sulfur from cysteine to position C2 by several steps.


phylloquinone catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phylloquinone, vitamin K1, a quinone-derived compound synthesized by green plants.


Solid Neoplasm

A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from tissues that do not include fluid areas.  Representative examples include epithelial neoplasms (e.g. lung carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, breast carcinoma, colon carcinoma), and neoplasms arising from the soft tissues and bones (e.g. leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma).  Neoplasms originating from the blood or bone marrow (leukemias and myeloproliferative disorders) are not considered solid tumors.


leucine binding

Binding to 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.


Roundabout signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a SLIT protein binding to a Roundabout (ROBO) family receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


nucleocytoplasmic transport complex

Any complex that acts to move proteins or RNAs into or out of the nucleus through nuclear pores.


RNA polymerase II transcription repressor complex

A protein complex, located in the nucleus, that possesses activity that prevents or downregulates transcription from a RNA polymerase II promoter.


Zinc deficiency

A genetic or acquired metabolic disorder that is associated with zinc deficiency in the tissues.


peptidyl-tryptophan modification

The chemical alteration of a tryptophan residue in a peptide.


basement membrane organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the basement membrane.


nodal signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by nodal protein binding to an activin receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


uterine cervix carcinoma in situ

Stage 0 includes: (Tis, N0, M0). Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.) - 2003


Penile Pain

Painful sensation in the penis.


Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene + O2 + NADH + H+ = H2O + NAD+ + phenanthrene-9,10-oxide.


negative regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus.


negative regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dopaminergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter dopamine.


Nem1-Spo7 phosphatase complex

A protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex that is involved in nuclear envelope organization, and contains proteins known in budding yeast as Nem1p and Spo7p.


specification of animal organ position

The regionalization process in which information that determines the correct position at which animal organ primordia are formed is generated and perceived resulting in correct positioning of the new animal organ.


negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation.


An optically active form of 4-hydroxyproline having L-trans-configuration.


acetylcholine catabolic process in synaptic cleft

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetylcholine that occurs in the synaptic cleft during synaptic transmission.


myxedema

A condition characterized by severe hypothyroidism that is caused by autoimmune thyroid gland disorders, surgical reduction of thyroid tissue, radiation exposure, and viral infections. Signs and symptoms include generalized fatigue, lethargy, increased body weight, pale, edematous and thickened skin, low blood pressure, constipation and cold intolerance.


CoA carboxylase activity

Catalysis of the joining of a carboxyl group to a molecule that is attached to CoA, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.


regulation of Schwann cell migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell migration.


Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway

A type of non-canonical Wnt signaling in which Wnt binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).


glomerular mesangial cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerular mesangial cell in the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


respiratory system disorder

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the respiratory system. Representative examples include pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary failure, lung adenoma, lung carcinoma, and tracheal carcinoma.


forebrain astrocyte development

The process aimed at the progression of an astrocyte that resides in the forebrain, from initial commitment of the cell to its fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. An astrocyte is the most abundant type of glial cell. Astrocytes provide support for neurons and regulate the environment in which they function.


cellular response to salt stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment.


longitudinal sarcoplasmic reticulum

The portion of the free sarcoplasmic reticulum consisting of longitudinal tubules that connect terminal cisternae.


tunica media

The middle layer of an artery or vein. [WP,unvetted].


Meningioma

The presence of a meningioma, i.e., a benign tumor originating from the dura mater or arachnoid mater.


regulation of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell.


regulation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immune response to a tumor cell.


isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: isocitrate + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADH.


dysautonomia

An acute or chronic disorder, affecting the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system. It can be primary, the result of central nervous system degeneration, or secondary due to diabetes or alcoholism. Patients with the chronic form of this disorder usually have a progressive clinical course and a poor prognosis.


cellular response to carbon monoxide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbon monoxide (CO) stimulus.


smooth muscle cell chemotaxis

The directed movement of a smooth muscle cell in response to an external stimulus.


cell dedifferentiation

The process in which a specialized cell loses the structural or functional features that characterize it in the mature organism, or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Under certain conditions, these cells can revert back to the features of the stem cells that were their ancestors.


granzyme-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals induced by granzymes which triggers the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a granzyme signal, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. Granzymes are serine proteases that are secreted by cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells to induce apoptosis in target cells.


Skin-picking

Repetitive and compulsive picking of skin which results in tissue damage.


thrombophilia

A condition characterized by an abnormally high level of thrombi. Causes include thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, disseminated intravascular coagulation, bone marrow disorders, and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.


Tetraparesis

Weakness of all four limbs.


regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation.


MHC class II protein complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MHC class II protein complex.


negative regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle exocytosis.


aminergic neurotransmitter loading into synaptic vesicle

The active transport of aminergic neurotransmitters into a synaptic vesicle. This import is fuelled by an electrochemical gradient across the vesicle membrane, established by the action proton pumps.


MIS12/MIND type complex

A multiprotein kinetochore subcomplex that binds to centromeric chromatin and forms part of the outer kinetochore. It helps to recruit outer kinetochore subunits that will bind to microtubules. In humans, it consists of MIS12, DSN1, NSL1 and PMF1.


positive regulation of gastrulation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gastrulation.


pristanoyl-CoA oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pristanoyl-CoA + O2 = trans-2,3-dehydropristanoyl-CoA + hydrogen peroxide.


positive regulation of centrosome duplication

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of centrosome duplication. Centrosome duplication is the replication of a centrosome, a structure comprised of a pair of centrioles and peri-centriolar material from which a microtubule spindle apparatus is organized.


olfactory placode morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the olfactory placode are generated and organized. The olfactory placode is a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity.


dinucleotide repeat insertion binding

Binding to a double-stranded DNA region containing a dinucleotide repeat insertion or a deletion resulting in unpaired dinucleotide repeats.


long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a long-chain fatty acid + ATP + CoA = a long-chain fatty acyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate. A long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 13 to 22 carbons.


regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the ureter gland over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets.


prostate gland stromal morphogenesis

The process in which the prostate gland stroma is generated and organized. The prostate gland stroma is made up of the mesenchymal or fibroblast cells of the prostate gland.


regulation of homocysteine metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving homocysteine, the amino acid alpha-amino-gamma-mercaptobutanoic acid.


regulation of cholesterol import

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cholesterol import. Cholesterol import is the directed movement of cholesterol into a cell or organelle.


COP9 signalosome assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a COP9 signalosome.


inositol monophosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol phosphate + H2O = myo-inositol + phosphate.


endoplasmic reticulum membrane fusion

The joining of 2 or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround the endoplasmic reticulum.


retinal blood vessel morphogenesis

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


CIA complex

The cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) complex mediates the incorporation of iron-sulfur clusters into apoproteins involved in DNA metabolism and genomic integrity.


spindle midzone assembly

The cell cycle process in which aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle midzone. The spindle midzone is the area in the center of the spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap.


negative regulation of bone trabecula formation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bone trabecula formation.


otolith development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the otolith over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


fibrillar center

A structure found most metazoan nucleoli, but not usually found in lower eukaryotes; surrounded by the dense fibrillar component; the zone of transcription from multiple copies of the pre-rRNA genes is in the border region between these two structures.


myelitis

An inflammatory process affecting the spinal cord. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune disorders, vascular disorders, and toxic agents. Symptoms include weakness, paresthesia, sensory loss, pain, and incontinence.


pyrimidine nucleotide salvage

Any process which produces a pyrimidine nucleotide from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


deoxyribonucleoside metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


positive regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation involved in immune response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cells as part of an immune response.


negative regulation of intestinal lipid absorption

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal lipid absorption.


Delayed puberty

Passing the age when puberty normally occurs with no physical or hormonal signs of the onset of puberty.


distal tubule morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a distal tubule are generated and organized. The distal tubule is a nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the connecting tubule.


Secondary malignant neoplasm of lung

The spread of a malignant neoplasm to the lung. This may be from a primary lung malignant neoplasm, or from a malignant neoplasm at a distant site.


Unresponsive to Stimuli

An individual whose level of consciousness is such that he is not responsive to any stimulus.


Hypercalciuria

Abnormally high level of calcium in the urine.


Megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B>12< deficiency

Evidence of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.


positive regulation of axon guidance

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axon guidance.


central nervous system myelin formation

The process in which the wraps of cell membrane that constitute myelin are laid down around an axon by an oligodendrocyte in the central nervous system.


The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-3 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


mast cell secretory granule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule in a mast cell. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion.


olfactory placode development

The progression of the olfactory placode over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory placode is a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity.


bronchiole development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a bronchiole from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the bronchiole and ends with the mature structure. A bronchiole is the first airway branch that no longer contains cartilage; it is a branch of the bronchi.


rhombomere 3 development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 3 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-independent decay

A pathway of degradation of nuclear-transcribed mRNAs that proceeds through a series of steps that is independent of deadenylation, but requires decapping followed by transcript decay, and that can regulate mRNA stability.


monoterpenoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving monoterpenoid compounds, terpenoids having a C10 skeleton.


RNA polymerase I transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

Binding to a specific sequence of DNA that is part of a regulatory region that controls the transcription of a gene or cistron by RNA polymerase I.


AP-2 adaptor complex

A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits, and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle, and the cargo receptors during receptor/clathrin mediated endocytosis. Vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles. In at least humans, the AP-2 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different alpha genes (alphaA and alphaC).


depyrimidination

The disruption of the bond between the sugar in the backbone and the C or T base, causing the base to be removed and leaving a depyrimidinated sugar.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing N6-methyladenine.


response to histamine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a histamine stimulus. Histamine, the biogenic amine 2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethanamine, is involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter.


foramen ovale closure

The morphogenetic process in which the foramen ovale closes after birth, to prevent blood flow between the right and left atria. In the fetal heart, the foramen ovale allows blood to enter the left atrium from the right atrium. Closure of the foramen ovale after birth stops this blood flow.


regulation of sprouting of injured axon

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sprouting of an injured axon.


axial mesoderm development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the axial mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The axial mesoderm includes the prechordal mesoderm and the chordamesoderm. It gives rise to the prechordal plate and to the notochord.


galactosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of galactosyl compounds, substances containing a group derived from a cyclic form of galactose or a galactose derivative.


trachea gland development

The progression of a trachea gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Trachea glands are found under the mucus of the trachea and secrete mucus, and agents that help protect the lung from injury and infection.


lobar bronchus epithelium development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lobar bronchus epithelium from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the lobar bronchus epithelium and ends with the mature structure. The lobar bronchus epithelium is the tissue made up of epithelial cells that lines the inside of the lobar bronchus.


cytoplasm to vacuole targeting by the Cvt pathway

A cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway that uses machinery common with autophagy. The Cvt vesicle is formed when the receptor protein, Atg19, binds to the complexes of the target protein (aminopeptidase or alpha-mannosidase homododecamers), forming the Cvt complex. Atg11 binds to Atg9 and transports the Cvt complex to the pre-autophagosome (PAS). The phagophore membrane expands around the Cvt complex (excluding bulk cytoplasm) forming the Cvt vesicle. This pathway is mostly observed in yeast.


regulation of DNA ligation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA ligation, the re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase.


regulation of serotonin uptake

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin into a cell.


phosphatidylinositol transfer activity

Removes phosphatidylinositol from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle.


Impacted cerumen

Blockage of the external auditory canal by a buildup of earwax.


exocrine pancreatic carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the exocrine pancreas


gap junction channel activity involved in cardiac conduction electrical coupling

A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from one cardiomyocyte to an adjacent cardiomyocyte. The gap junction passes electrical signals between the cells contributing to cardiac conduction.


sulfonylurea receptor binding

Binding to a sulfonylurea receptor, a regulatory subunit of the ATP-sensitive potassium ion channel.


foot and mouth disease

A viral infectious disease that results in infection in cattle and swine, has material basis in foot-and-mouth disease virus, which is transmitted by contaminated fomites, or transmitted by ingestion of food contaminated with infected meat or animal products. The infection results in formation of vesicles in the mouth, or on the feet and has symptom lameness.


common myeloid progenitor cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of common myeloid progenitor cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. A common myeloid progenitor cell is a progenitor cell committed to the myeloid lineage.


neuroligin family protein binding

Binding to a member of the neuroligin protein family, neuronal cell surface proteins that mediate synapse formation.


Cytomegalovirus colitis

A form of cytomegalovirus infection characterized by infection and inflammation of the colon.


platelet dense granule

Electron-dense granule occurring in blood platelets that stores and secretes adenosine nucleotides and serotonin. They contain a highly condensed core consisting of serotonin, histamine, calcium, magnesium, ATP, ADP, pyrophosphate and membrane lysosomal proteins.


L-cysteine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, i.e. (2R)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid.


familial supernumerary nipples

Familial supernumerary nipples is a rare breast malformation characterized by the presence, in various members of a single family, of one or more nipple(s) and/or their related tissue, in addition to the normal bilateral chest nipples. The anomaly is usually situated along the embryonic milk line, from axillae to inguinal regions, but other locations are also possible. Association with dental abnormalities, Becker nevus, renal or underlying breast tissue malignancy and genitourinary malformations has been reported.


developmental coordination disorder

A disorder characterized by an impairment in the development of an individual's motor coordination skills; this impairment in motor development is not due to a medical condition.


peptic ulcer perforation

Penetration of a peptic ulcer through the wall of duodenum or stomach allowing the leakage of luminal contents into the peritoneal cavity.


integrin alpha11-beta1 complex

An integrin complex that comprises one alpha11 subunit and one beta1 subunit.


endoplasmic reticulum palmitoyltransferase complex

A complex of the endoplasmic reticulum that catalyzes S-palmitoylation, the addition of palmitate (C16:0) or other long-chain fatty acids to proteins at a cysteine residue.


IDP metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving IDP, inosine 5'-diphosphate.


positive regulation of antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide biosynthesis.


chorion development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a chorion from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The chorion is an extraembryonic membrane.


RISC complex assembly

The process in which a single-stranded small RNA is incorporated within the RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC). The assembly includes the maturation of the small RNA, the stabilization of the complex by accessory proteins of the RISC complex, duplex separation and the release of the second strand, forming a base-pairing completent complex that mediates gene silencing by small RNA.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4-bisphosphate + H2O = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate + phosphate.


vitamin D response element binding

Binding to a vitamin D response element (VDRE), a short sequence with dyad symmetry found in the promoters of some of the cellular immediate-early genes, regulated by serum.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA containing cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA containing 5-methylcytosine.


negative regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell apoptotic process.


white fat cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a white adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in energy storage. White adipocytes have cytoplasmic lipids arranged in a unique vacuole.


generalized anxiety disorder

An anxiety disorder characterized by excessive and difficult-to-control worry about a number of life situations. The worry is accompanied by restlessness, fatigue, inability to concentrate, irritability, muscle tension, and/or sleep disturbance and lasts for at least 6 months.


inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-sensitive calcium-release channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


peptidyl-lysine deacetylation

The removal of an acetyl group from an acetylated lysine residue in a peptide or protein.


asymmetric neuroblast division

The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a neuroblast into two daughter cells with different developmental potentials.


lactate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactate, the anion of lactic acid.


regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell differentiation.


positive regulation of neuron maturation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron maturation.


pyruvate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyruvate, 2-oxopropanoate.


turbinate bone

The small curved bones that extends horizontally along the lateral wall of the nasal passage.


anovulation

The absence of ovulation.


regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hydrogen peroxide catabolic process.


positive regulation of protein glycosylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the glycosylation of one or more amino acid residues within a protein. Protein glycosylation is the addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit to a protein amino acid, e.g. the addition of glycan chains to proteins.


middle ear cancer

A malignant neoplasm involving the middle ear


proline dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-proline + acceptor = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + reduced acceptor.


toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to the endolysosomal toll-like receptor 7.


gonadal mesoderm development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the gonadal mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The gonadal mesoderm is the middle layer of the three primary germ layers of the embryo which will go on to form the gonads of the organism.


positive regulation of dendritic spine maintenance

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic spine maintenance.


Mucocutaneous candidiasis

A fungal infection of the skin, nails, oral and vaginal mucosal sites caused by species of the genus Candida. It manifests with white discoloration of the tongue and swelling, redness, and tenderness of the nails.


histone H4K8 acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H4 L-lysine (position 8) = CoA + histone H4 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 8).


hypothalamus cell migration

The directed movement of a cell into the hypothalamus region of the forebrain.


p38MAPK cascade

A MAPK cascade containing at least the p38MAPK (MAPK14) MAP kinase, or Hog1 in yeast. It starts with the activation of a MAP3K, and the consecutive activation of a MPK2K and of p38MAPK. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier. The p38MAPK cascade is activated by stress signals, including hyperosmolarity, as well as by G protein-coupled receptors, growth factors, and cytokines, and results in cellular responses such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis and inflammation.


glycoprotein transport

The directed movement of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


extracellularly glycine-gated chloride channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when glycine is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.


negative regulation of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway.


intermediate filament bundle assembly

The formation of the bundles of intermediate filaments. Intermediate filament-associated proteins (IFAPs) cross-link intermediate filaments with one another, forming a bundle or a network, and with other cell structures, including the plasma membrane. The organization of intermediate filaments and their supportive function in various cells types depends in large part on their linkage to other cell structures via IFAPs.


regulation of mammary gland involution

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mammary gland involution.


regulation of plasminogen activation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of plasminogen activation. Plasminogen activation is the process in which plasminogen is processed to plasmin.


type 2A serotonin receptor binding

Binding to a type 2A serotonin receptor.


7SK snRNA binding

Binding to a 7SK small nuclear RNA (7SK snRNA).


abducens nerve disorder

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the abducens nerve (sixth cranial nerve).


pyroptosis

A caspase-1-dependent cell death subroutine that is associated with the generation of pyrogenic mediators such as IL-1beta and IL-18.


Wrist drop

A condition in which the affected individual cannot extend the wrist, which hangs flaccidly.


glucuronate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronate, any salt or ester of glucuronic acid.


dTMP biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTMP, deoxyribosylthymine monophosphate (2'-deoxyribosylthymine 5'-phosphate).


gallbladder development

The progression of the gallbladder over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The gallbladder is a cavitated organ that stores bile.


atrial ventricular junction remodeling

The reorganization or renovation of heart tissue that contributes to the maturation of the connection between an atrium and a ventricle.


gamma-tubulin small complex

A complex usually comprising two gamma-tubulin molecules and two conserved non-tubulin proteins. Some gamma-tubulin small complexes are thought to be the repeating unit making up the core of the gamma-tubulin ring complex.


scoliosis

A congenital or acquired spinal deformity characterized by lateral curvature of the spine.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to peritoneum

The spread of a malignant neoplasm to the peritoneum from another primary anatomic site.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups, NAD or NADP as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP.


intracellular distribution of mitochondria

Any process that establishes the spatial arrangement of mitochondria within the cell.


chondromalacia

Pathological processes involving the chondral tissue (cartilage).


mRNA 3'-end processing by stem-loop binding and cleavage

Any mRNA 3'-end processing that involves the binding to and cleavage of a stem-loop structure. For example, histone mRNAs contain a highly conserved stem-loop sequence at the 3' end of the mRNA with a 6 base pairs (bp) stem and a 4-nt loop. The mRNA is cleaved between these two elements, after the fourth or fifth nucleotide, which is typically an adenosine.


microcytic anemia

Anemia in which the red blood cell volume is decreased.


positive regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of teeth, the hard, bony appendages that are borne on the jaws, or on other bones in the walls of the mouth or pharynx of most vertebrates.


FACIT collagen trimer

A collagen trimer that associates with collagen fibrils and consists of collagen monomers that contain two or more relatively short triple-helical domains connected by non-triple-helical sequences.


cerebellar Purkinje cell-granule cell precursor cell signaling involved in regulation of granule cell precursor cell proliferation

The process that mediates the transfer of information from Purkinje cells to granule cell precursors resulting in an increase in rate of granule cell precursor cell proliferation.


neurotransmitter receptor regulator activity

A molecular function that directly (via physical interaction or direct modification) activates, inhibits or otherwise modulates the activity of a neurotransmitter receptor. Modulation of activity includes changes in desensitization rate, ligand affinity, ion selectivity and pore-opening/closing.


mammary gland bud formation

The morphogenetic process in which a bud forms from the mammary placode. A mammary bud is bulb of epithelial cells that is distinct from the surrounding epidermis.


molybdopterin synthase complex

A protein complex that possesses molybdopterin synthase activity. In E. coli, the complex is a heterotetramer consisting of two MoaD and two MoaE subunits.


Blacking Out

A temporary loss of consciousness or a temporary state of altered consciousness that results in memory loss.


periostitis

Inflammation of the periosteum. The condition is generally chronic, and is marked by tenderness and swelling of the bone and an aching pain. Acute periostitis is due to infection, is characterized by diffuse suppuration, severe pain, and constitutional symptoms, and usually results in necrosis. (Dorland, 27th ed)


endolysosome lumen

The volume enclosed by the membrane of an endolysosome. An endolysosome is a transient hybrid organelle formed by fusion of a late endosome with a lysosome.


extracellularly ATP-gated monoatomic cation channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a monoatomic cation by a channel that opens when ATP is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.


regulation of metanephric DCT cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric DCT cell differentiation.


pancreatic A cell fate commitment

The commitment of a cell to a pancreatic A cell and its capacity to differentiate into a pancreatic A cell. A pancreatic A cell is a cell in the pancreas that secretes glucagon.


microtubule sliding

The movement of one microtubule along another microtubule.


molybdopterin cofactor metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the molybdopterin cofactor (Moco), essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes, e.g. sulfite oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo-molybdopterin) or tungsten ion (W-molybdopterin) coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.


negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hydrogen peroxide

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hydrogen peroxide.


Motor Deficit

Loss of movement function.


Single umbilical artery

Single umbilical artery (SUA) is the absence of one of the two umbilical arteries surrounding the fetal bladder and in the fetal umbilical cord.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: CoQH2 + 2 ferricytochrome c = CoQ + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+.


pigment metabolic process involved in developmental pigmentation

The chemical reactions and pathways involving biological pigments e.g. melanin, occurring as part of the development of an organ or organism.


maintenance of lens transparency

A homeostatic process in which the lens is maintained in a highly refractive, transparent state to allow for optimal focusing of light on the retina.


mitochondrial RNA 5'-end processing

Any process involved in forming the mature 5' end of an RNA molecule transcribed from a mitochondrial genome; occurs in the mitochondrion.


polyphosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a polyphosphate, the anion or salt of polyphosphoric acid.


protein tyrosine/threonine phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate.


positive regulation of protein activation cascade

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein activation cascade.


fat pad development

The progression of a fat pad from its initial formation to its mature structure. A fat pad is an accumulation of adipose tissue.


Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate = CoA + 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate.


negative regulation of cardiac muscle contraction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction.


Premature Obstetric Labor

Regular uterine activity with associated cervical change prior to 37 weeks gestation.


positive regulation of response to type II interferon

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a response to type II interferon (interferon-gamma). Response to interferon gamma is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus.


linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: linoleate + O2 = (9Z,11E)-(13S)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate.


histone mRNA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histone messenger RNA (mRNA).


beta-galactoside (CMP) alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl-R = CMP + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl-R.


positive regulation of response to alcohol

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to alcohol.


acylglycerol transport

The directed movement of an acylglycerol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. An acylglycerol is any mono-, di- or triester of glycerol with (one or more) fatty acids.


site-specific endodeoxyribonuclease activity, specific for altered base

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages at specific sites within a deoxyribonucleic acid molecule by creating internal breaks.


positive regulation of protein deubiquitination

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein deubiquitination.


capillary leak syndrome

A syndrome characterized by leakage of intravascular fluids into the extravascular space. This syndrome is observed in patients who demonstrate a state of generalized leaky capillaries following shock syndromes, low-flow states, ischemia-reperfusion injuries, toxemias, medications, or poisoning. It can lead to generalized edema and multiple organ failure.


Clostridium colitis

An acute inflammatory disorder of the colon secondary to infection with any species of the bacterial genus Clostridium. Symptoms include acute diarrhea, abdominal pain, and myalgia.


galactolipid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine.


congenital arteriovenous fistula

An abnormal, epithelial-lined connection between an artery and vein that is present at the time of birth.


lung growth

The increase in size or mass of a lung. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax.


negative regulation of ATP biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ATP biosynthetic process.


cellular response to pheromone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus.


maintenance of unfolded protein involved in ERAD pathway

Maintaining an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein in an unfolded, soluble state that contributes to its degradation by the cytoplasmic proteasome. Maintaining ER-resident proteins in an unfolded yet soluble state condition after their retro-translocation favors their turnover by the cytosolic proteasome.


complement component C3a binding

Binding to a C3a product of the complement cascade.


regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis.


acetylcholine binding

Binding to acetylcholine, an acetic acid ester of the organic base choline that functions as a neurotransmitter, released at the synapses of parasympathetic nerves and at neuromuscular junctions.


phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit binding

Binding to a regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. The regulatory subunit associates with the catalytic subunit to regulate both its activity and subcellular location.


streptobacillary rat-bite fever

Streptobacillary rat-bite fever (RBF) is a systemic zoonosis caused by the aerobic gram-negative bacterium Streptobacillus moniliformis and is transmitted to humans through the bites and scratches of infected rats.


pleural disorder

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the pleura. Representative examples include pleural infection, pleural mesothelioma, and pleural solitary fibrous tumor.


positive regulation of voltage-gated potassium channel activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of voltage-gated potassium channel activity.


regulation of muscle filament sliding speed

Any process that modulates the velocity of muscle filament sliding.


lateral sprouting involved in lung morphogenesis

The process in which a branch forms along the side of the lung epithelial tube.


exogenous lipid antigen binding

Binding to an exogenous lipid antigen (examples include microbial lipids and glycolipids).


regulation of barbed-end actin filament capping

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of barbed-end actin filament capping.


negative regulation of DNA catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA catabolic process.


positive regulation of protein localization to synapse

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to synapse.


response to interleukin-13

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-13 stimulus.


positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process.


chromosome attachment to the nuclear envelope

The process in which chromatin is anchored to the nuclear envelope.


DNA integration

The process in which a DNA segment is incorporated into another, usually larger, DNA molecule such as a chromosome.


microprocessor complex

A protein complex that binds to heme and to pri-miRNAs, and is required for the formation of a pre-microRNA (pre-miRNA), the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. The complex is composed of the double-stranded-RNA-specific RNase Drosha (also called RNASEN) and the RNA-binding protein DGCR8 (heme-free or heme-bound forms). Within the complex, DGCR8 function as a molecular anchor necessary for the recognition of pri-miRNA at dsRNA-ssRNA junction and directs RNASEN/Drosha to cleave the 3' and 5' strands of a stem-loop to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs.


hepatocyte growth factor receptor binding

Binding to an hepatocyte growth factor receptor.


histone H3T6 kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: histone H3-threonine (position 6) + ATP = histone H3-phosphothreonine (position 6) + ADP. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to the threonine residue at position 6 of histone H3.


ATP transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of ATP, adenosine triphosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


hemolysis by symbiont of host erythrocytes

The cytolytic destruction of red blood cells, with the release of intracellular hemoglobin, in the host organism by a symbiont. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


positive regulation by virus of viral protein levels in host cell

Any process where the infecting virus increases the levels of viral proteins in a cell.


The appearance of vascular endothelial growth factor production due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


lysophosphatidic acid binding

Binding to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a phospholipid derivative that acts as a potent mitogen due to its activation of high-affinity G protein-coupled receptors.


threonine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.


atrial cardiac muscle cell to AV node cell communication

The process that mediates interactions between an atrial cardiomyocyte and its surroundings that contributes to the process of the atrial cardiomyocyte communicating with an AV node cell in cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.


negative regulation of hypersensitivity

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of hypersensitivity.


glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + a quinone = glycerone phosphate + a quinol.


positive regulation of deoxyribonuclease activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of deoxyribonuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid.