Signet Ring Melanoma

A rare variant of cutaneous melanoma, characterized by the presence of malignant cells with signet-ring morphology.


Junctional melanocytic nevus of skin

biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:ThingWithTaxon

A nevus characterized by the presence of an intraepidermal proliferation of nevus cells. The nevus cells form multiple nests in the dermal-epidermal junction. It presents as a small, slightly raised, pigmented skin lesion.


Painful Mass

biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:ThingWithTaxon


Mucosal lentiginous melanoma

An acral lentiginous melanoma affecting mucosal surfaces.


Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Ischemic brain damage in which the entire brain is deprived of oxygen. It may be fatal or lead to long term disabilities including developmental delays, intellectual disability, and seizures.


Adult Grade III Meningioma

A grade III meningioma that occurs during adulthood.


Grade I Meningioma

A benign meningioma which may recur in approximately 7-20% of the cases.  This category includes the angiomatous meningioma, fibrous meningioma, lymphoplasmacyte-rich meningioma, meningothelial meningioma, metaplastic meningioma, microcystic meningioma, psammomatous meningioma, secretory meningioma, and transitional meningioma.


Stage II Vulvar Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor of any size with extension to adjacent perineal structures (lower/distal third of the urethra, lower/distal third of the vagina, anal involvement). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Paralysis

Paralysis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve. Causes include surgical and non-surgical traumas, neoplasms (e.g., lung carcinoma), and inflammatory neuritis.


Recurrent Central Nervous System Lymphoma

The reemergence of central nervous system lymphoma after a period of remission.


Kidney Paraganglioma

An extremely rare paraganglioma that arises from the renal hilum. Paragangliomas that arise from the perihilar sympathetic ganglia are not included in this category.


Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

A well differentiated, intermediate grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the digestive system. The mitotic count is 2-20 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is 3 to 20 percent.


High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Mucinous Variant

High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of masses of mucin within the affected distended glands.


Malignant neoplasm of stomach recurrent

The reemergence of a malignant neoplasm of the stomach after a period of remission.


Stage I Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage I includes: T1, Any N, M0. T1: Tumor confined to uterus (extension to corpus should be disregarded). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Blastic Granulocytic Sarcoma

A granulocytic sarcoma composed primarily of myeloblasts (WHO 2001).


Lobular Endocervical Glandular Hyperplasia

Lobular proliferations of benign-appearing small to moderate sized endocervical glands in the inner half of the cervical stroma. The glands are lined by columnar epithelial cells which contain pyloric gland-type mucin. There is minimal atypia and mitotic figures are rare. Some cases have been associated with adenocarcinoma in situ/high grade cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia and gastric-type adenocarcinomas.


Pocket erosion

Erosion of patient's skin pocket which houses a device.


Stage II Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIB: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm and 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in one to three regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Radiation-Related Osteosarcoma

A high grade osteosarcoma arising in an irradiated bone.


recurrent adult acute myeloid leukemia

The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia in adults after a period of remission.


No Specific Molecular Profile Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

An endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma characterized by the absence of POLE gene mutations, mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency, and p53 gene mutations.


Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms

A group of cystic or mass-forming epithelial neoplasms that arise from the exocrine pancreas, exhibit ductal differentiation, and grow mostly within the pancreatic ducts.  This group includes the pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and the pancreatic intraductal tubulopapillary neoplasms.


Great vessel abnormalities

A congenital vascular abnormality that affects the great vessels and/or aortic arch. Representative examples include double aortic arch, aortic coarctation, and absence of a pulmonary artery.


Stage I Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Radiation-Induced Vascular Disease

A vascular disease caused by radiation.


Second degree perineal laceration

Injury to perineum involving perineal muscles but not involving anal sphincter. (reVITALize)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IIIB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Recurrent Gangliocytoma

The reemergence of gangliocytoma after a period of remission.


Low Weight Gain in Pregnancy

In a woman with a normal weight pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), i.e. 18.5-24.9, the weight gained during pregnancy does not exceed a total weight gain of 25 lbs. In a woman with an underweight pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), i.e. less than 18.5, the weight gained during pregnancy does not exceed a total weight gain of 28 lbs. In a woman with an overweight pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), i.e. 25.0-29.9, the weight gained during pregnancy does not exceed a total weight gain of 15 lbs. In a woman with an obese pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), i.e. greater than 30, the weight gained during pregnancy does not exceed a total weight gain of 11 lbs. These standards are supported for the whole population irrespective of height, race or ethnicity.


Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Tumor G3

A well differentiated, high grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gallbladder. The Ki-67 index is higher than 20%.


Blood coagulation disorder due to liver disease

A disorder of blood clotting that is attributable to a deficiency in liver function.


Pathological Gynecomastia

Gynecomastia that is due to exogenous substances or disease processes.


Pedunculated conjunctival papilloma

A papilloma that arises from the conjunctival squamous epithelium. It is associated with human papillomavirus infection.


Benign Intracranial Neoplasm

A benign neoplasm involving the intracranial area.


Clinical Stage IVB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


New Onset Diabetes After Transplant

Development of diabetes after transplant, usually associated with calcineurin inhibitor use.


Localized Prostate Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the prostate and has not spread to other anatomic sites.


Benign Ovarian Partly Luteinized Thecoma


Metastatic Malignant Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor

A malignant nongerminomatous germ cell tumor that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Recurrent Meningioma

The reemergence of a meningioma after a period of remission.


Well Differentiated Malignant Neoplasm

A neoplasm whose histologic characteristics are similar to the tissue from which it arose.


Myelodysplastic syndrome with ring sideroblasts and multilineage dysplasia

A myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by bi-cytopenia or pancytopenia, dysplastic changes in 10% or more of the cells in two or more of the myeloid cell lines, and 15% or more ring sideroblasts in the bone marrow.  (WHO, 2001)


Ampulla of Vater Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

A neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the ampulla of Vater and periampullary region. It includes neuroendocrine tumors (well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (poorly differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasms).


Ovarian Leydig Cell Hyperplasia

An increased number of Leydig cells in the hilar region of the ovary. (WHO 2020)


Stage IV Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1.  M1: Metastasis beyond regional lymph nodes. (AJCC 7th Ed.)


Stage 0 Anal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (previously termed carcinoma in situ, Bowen disease, anal intraepithelial neoplasia II-III, high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Metastatic Endometrial Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the endometrium and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Stage III Cutaneous T-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma


Digestive System Hodgkin Lymphoma

A Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from any part of the digestive system, with the bulk of the disease localized to that site.


Refractory Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Skin squamous cell carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


Simple Hamartoma of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium

A retinal hamartoma that involves only the retinal pigment epithelium. (WHO 2018)


Extragonadal primary germ cell tumor mixed stage II


Refractory Myxoid Liposarcoma

Myxoid liposarcoma that does not respond to treatment.


Esophageal Adenocarcinoma by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of esophageal adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


Subcutaneous Disorder

A disorder of the subcutaneous tissue.


Undersocialized conduct disorder, aggressive type


Locally Advanced Biliary Tract Carcinoma

Carcinoma that arises from the intrahepatic, hilar, extrahepatic bile ducts, cystic duct, or gallbladder and has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Radiating Chest Pain Along Left Midclavicular Line

The location of the radiating chest pain is along the left midclavicular line.


Refractory Endometrial Transitional Cell Carcinoma

Endometrial transitional cell carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Recurrent Appendix Carcinoma

The reemergence of appendix carcinoma after a period of remission.


Kidney Schwannoma

A rare schwannoma arising from the kidney.


Congenital complete heart block

A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of a complete atrioventricular block that manifests during fetal life or soon after birth. It may be isolated or associated with other congenital heart defects. Isolated congenital complete atrioventricular block may be associated with maternal connective tissue disorders.


Appendix Neuroendocrine Tumor by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of an appendiceal neuroendocrine tumor, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.


Lugano Classification Stage IE Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage IE: Single extralymphatic site in the absence of nodal involvement (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Metaplastic meningioma

A WHO grade I meningioma characterized by the presence of a prominent mesenchymal component. The mesenchymal component may be osseous, cartilaginous, myxoid, lipomatous, or a mixture of mesenchymal elements.


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IVA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IV Bone Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: IVA (Any T, N0, M1a, Any G); IVB (Any T, N1, Any M, Any G); (Any T, Any N, M1b, Any G).  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Regional lymph node metastasis.  M1a: Distant metastasis to lung.  M1b: Metastasis to other distant sites. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Decreased Carbon Monoxide Diffusing Capacity

A lung function test result in which the lung capacity to absorb carbon monoxide is decreased.


Joint Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis affecting a joint.


Ureter Cancer by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of ureter cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


Elevated WT1

A finding indicating elevated concentrations of WT1 in a sample.


Epidermal burn of skin

A painful injury to the epidermis due to chemical, friction, radiation or thermal exposure. The affected area appears red and blanches when touched.


Foregut Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

A carcinoid tumor that arises from the lung, thymus, esophagus, stomach, or duodenum.


Radiating Chest Pain in Left Arm

The location of the radiating chest pain is in the left arm.


Stage IIIA Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor perforates the serosa (visceral peritoneum) and/or directly invades the liver and/or one other adjacent organ or structure, such as the stomach, duodenum, colon, pancreas, omentum, or extrahepatic bile ducts.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Polycythaemia (excl rubra vera)

An increase in the concentration of red blood cells (hemoglobin) that is not caused by polycythemia vera.


Stage IIIC Uterine Corpus Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIC includes: IIIC1: T1-T3, N1/N1mi/N1a, M0; IIIC2: T1-T3, N2/N2mi/N2a, M0. T1: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor confined to the corpus uteri, including endocervical glandular involvement. T2: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor invading the stromal connective tissue of the cervix but not extending beyond the uterus. Does not include endocervical glandular involvement. T3: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor involving serosa, adnexa, vagina, or parametrium. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes. N1mi: Regional lymph node metastasis (greater than 0.2 mm but nor greater than 2.0 mm in diameter) to pelvic lymph nodes. N1a: Regional lymph node metastasis (greater than 2.0 mm in diameter) to pelvic lymph nodes. N2: Regional lymph node metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes, with or without positive pelvic lymph nodes. N2mi: Regional lymph node metastasis (greater than 0.2 mm but not greater than 2.0 mm in diameter) to para-aortic lymph nodes, with or without positive pelvic lymph nodes. N2a: Regional lymph node metastasis (greater than 2.0 mm in diameter) to para-aortic lymph nodes, with or without positive pelvic lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Thrombotic microangiopathy that presents in some patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Though similar in presentation to thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA) is a distinct disorder. Several risk factors may be associated with TA-TMA, including high-dose chemotherapy, radiation therapy, HLA mismatch, use of calcineurin inhibitors, acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and infections.


Corneal dellen

Corneal thinning just anterior to the limbus secondary to abnormal and/or irregular bulbar conjunctival contour.


Chest Pain in Left Fourth Intercostal Space

The location of the chest pain is within the fourth intercostal space on the left side.


Spindle cell melanoma, type B

A melanoma characterized by the presence of malignant spindle-shaped melanocytes with larger nuclei and distinct nucleoli. Representative example is the type B spindle cell uveal melanoma.


Esophageal Adenocarcinoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of esophageal adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


asymptomatic carrier of alpha-thalassemia

A condition in which a person has reduced protein production from one of the four alpha-globin alleles.


Stage IIIC Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

Cervical carcinoma with involvement of pelvic and/or para-aortic lymph nodes, irrespective of tumor size and extent (with r and p notations). (FIGO 2018)


Recurrent Severe Aplastic Anemia

The reemergence of severe aplastic anemia after a period of remission.


Recurrent Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

The reemergence of pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma after a period of remission.


Stage II Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

The cervical carcinoma invades beyond the uterus, but has not extended onto the lower third of the vagina or to the pelvic wall. (FIGO 2018)


Obstructed femoral hernia

The protrusion of contents of the abdominal cavity, into the femoral canal, which results in obstruction of intestinal peristalsis.


Tuberculosis disease that is caused by a pre-extensively drug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.


Vascular Access Device Complications

Difficulties related to an apparatus used to gain access to arteries and veins.


Subpleural Nodule

A nodule that is directly underlying a pleural surface though there may be separation between the nodule margin and pleura.


Non-Neoplastic Pancreatic Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the pancreas. Representative examples include pancreatitis and pancreatic insufficiency.


Elevated Blood Pressure Measurement

An abnormally high blood pressure reading.


Sporadic Gastric Diffuse Adenocarcinoma

A sporadic adenocarcinoma that arises from the gastric mucosa and is characterized by the presence of poorly cohesive malignant cells and absence of glandular formations.


Cesarean Scar Pregnancy

An ectopic pregnancy implanted in a previous cesarean (hysterotomy) scar, surrounded by myometrium and connective tissue.


Kir6.2-Associated Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus caused by activating mutation(s) in the KCNJ11 gene, encoding the inwardly rectifying Kir6.2 subunit of the pancreatic beta cell adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel. Note: Inactivating mutation(s) in the KCNJ11 gene result in hyperinsulinism.


Congenital neuropathy

Neuropathy, the cause of which is present at birth.


Recurrent Ureter Carcinoma

The reemergence of ureter carcinoma after a period of remission


Cystitis Cystica and Glandularis

A reactive inflammatory disorder affecting the bladder.  It is characterized by the development of small cysts in the bladder wall.  The cysts are lined by urothelial cells and metaplastic glandular cells.


Non-Neoplastic Gallbladder Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the gallbladder. Representative examples include cholecystitis and adenomyomatosis.


Stage III Low Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


True Thymic Hyperplasia

An increase in gross volume and weight of the thymus gland, with maintenance of normal lobular architecture, and preservation of corticomedullary differentiation.


Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor with Mesenchymal Differentiation

A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor characterized by the presence of mesenchymal differentiation.  Representative example is the malignant Triton tumor which contains a rhabdomyosarcomatous component.


Non-Inflammatory Female Reproductive System Disorder

A non-inflammatory disorder that affects the female reproductive system.


Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis

Necrosis of the mandible or maxilla in patients receiving intravenous or oral bisphosphonate therapy.  It usually manifests with slow healing or failure to heal of a jaw bone following oral surgery.  In a minority of cases, the necrosis appears spontaneously.  Signs and symptoms include pain, swelling and infection of the affected area.


Benign Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumor

A non-metastasizing germ cell tumor that arises from an anatomic site other than the testis or ovary.


Unspecified nonpsychotic mental disorder following organic brain damage

Any mental disorder that occurs secondary to organic brain damage, and that is not associated with psychosis.


Refractory Endometrial Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Endometrial transitional cell carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Kidney Mixed Epithelial and Stromal Tumor Family

A family of tumors ranging from predominantly cystic tumors (adult cystic nephromas) to tumors that are variably solid (mixed epithelial and stromal tumors) and contain biphasic epithelial and stromal components with spindle stroma, glands, and cysts. Most of these tumors are benign. (WHO 2016).


A benign vascular lesion characterized by the presence of a complex network of communicating arterial and venous vascular structures in the skin.


Refractory Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma by Ann Arbor Stage

An anatomic stage for nodular sclerosis classic Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria.


Cervical Meningocele

A congenital abnormality in the cervical region of the spine in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column.


Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(11;17)(q23;q21)

Acute myeloid leukemia with the variant RARA t(11;17)(q23;q21) and the expression of PLZF-RARA fusion protein.  It lacks differentiation response to retinoids treatment.


Pressure Chest Pain

The sensation of chest pain described as an object creating physical force.


Adult Nodular Sclerosis Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma

Nodular sclerosis classic Hodgkin lymphoma occurring in adults.


Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia-0

A chronic myelomonocytic leukemia characterized by the presence of less than 5 percent blasts in the bone marrow and less than 2 percent blasts in the peripheral blood.


Diffuse malignant lymphoma - large non-cleaved cell

Antiquated term for diffuse non-Hodgkin lymphomas composed of non-cleaved cells.  The vast majority of cases are mature B-cell lymphomas (Burkitts or diffuse large B-cell lymphomas).


Trichoblastic carcinoma

A rare biphasic malignant neoplasm with dual differentiation towards the specialized follicular stroma and germinative follicular cells, which can be strikingly atypical. (WHO 2018)


Shooting Pain

An intense sensation of discomfort or distress that radiates from one location to another sharply.


Stage IB Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IB includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor limited to the pancreas, more than 2 cm in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Pre-Malignant Skin Epithelial Lesion

A term that refers to precancerous epithelial pathologic processes that affect the skin.


Reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of lacrimal gland

A polyclonal proliferation of lymphoid tissue in the lacrimal gland. It usually presents as painless palpable masses leading to globe displacement, decreased motility, diplopia, and ptosis. It has a tendency to involve bilateral lacrimal glands. There is a higher incidence in females and in the setting of autoimmune disease. (WHO 2018)


Sign or Symptom

Objective evidence of disease perceptible to the examining practitioner (sign) and subjective evidence of disease perceived by the patient (symptom).


Paraphrenia

A form of schizophrenia characterized by delusions (of persecution or grandeur or jealousy); symptoms may include anger and anxiety and aloofness and doubts about gender identity; unlike other types of schizophrenia the patients are usually presentable and (if delusions are not acted on) may function in an apparently normal manner.


Asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection

An infection caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that is asymptomatic at the time of testing.


21-hydroxylase deficiency - simple virilizing

A classic form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia that is characterized by severe 21-hydroxylase deficiency, resulting in glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiency, but without clinically significant salt wasting, and with androgen excess, which causes virilization in female infants.


PERSISTENT MULLERIAN DUCT SYNDROME, TYPE I

Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome due to deficiency of anti-Mullerian hormone.


Recurrent Cervical Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of cervical adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Non-Invasive Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm

A cystic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of columnar mucin-producing epithelial cells, ovarian-type stroma formation, and the absence of an invasive carcinomatous component.


Refractory Malignant Lymphoid Neoplasm

A malignant lymphoid neoplasm that does not respond to treatment.


Splenic thrombosis

Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the lumen of the splenic vein or splenic artery.


Stage I Osteosarcoma AJCC v7

Stage I includes: IA (T1, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX); IB (T2, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX); (T3, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX).  T1: Tumor 8 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T2: Tumor more than 8 cm in greatest dimension.  T3: Discontinuous tumors in the primary bone site.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated-low grade.  G2: Moderately differentiated-low grade.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Combined BAP1-Inactivated Nevus

A combined nevus with a spitzoid component and inactivation of BAP1.


Malignant glioma of brain

A grade 3 or 4 glioma that arises from the brain. This category includes anaplastic astrocytoma, anaplastic ependymoma, anaplastic oligoastrocytoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (all grade 3 gliomas), and glioblastoma (grade 4 glioma).


Adenocarcinoma in situ in adenomatous polyp

A non-invasive adenocarcinoma arising from the neoplastic glandular cells in an adenomatous polyp.


Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia

A benign lesion characterized by epidermal and adnexal epithelial hyperplasia.  It is caused by chronic inflammation and infection.  It may be associated with cutaneous neoplasms as well.


Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia 1

Cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of maturation in the upper two-thirds of the squamous epithelium and mild nuclear atypia which is present in all epithelial layers.  Mitotic figures are present in the basal third of the epithelium.


Cerebral Hemangioblastoma

A hemangioblastoma that arises from the cerebrum. It  may be associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease.


Hodgkin's disease lymphocyte predominance type stage IV

Stage IV adult Hodgkin disease means there is disseminated (multifocal) involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement, or isolated extralymphatic organ involvement with distant (nonregional) nodal involvement. (from PDQ)


Recurrent Intracranial Neoplasm

The reemergence of an intracranial neoplasm after a period of remission.


Stage IIIB Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma involving the pelvic sidewall. (FIGO 2009)


Non-Neoplastic Eye Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the eye.


Esophageal adenocarcinoma that has metastasized to a limited number of sites.


Blood and lymphatic system disorders

Any deviation from the normal structure or function of the blood or lymphatic system that is manifested by a characteristic set of symptoms and signs.


Metastatic Cervical Carcinoma

A carcinoma of the cervix that has spread to another anatomic site.


Symptom

Subjective evidence of disease perceived by the patient.


Metastatic Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Lipid-Rich Variant

Bladder lipid-rich variant urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site.


Hodgkin's disease nodular sclerosis stage II supradiaphragmatic


46,XX/46,XY Ovotesticular Differences of Sex Development

Ovotesticular differences of sex development in individuals with 46,XY/46,XX mosaic karyotype.


Elevated Test Result

A result of a test that is higher than a previous value or a normal range of values.


Low Grade Esophageal Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A lesion in which the architectural and cytologic abnormalities are confined to the lower half of the esophageal glandular epithelium.


Cryptococcal gastroenteritis

Gastroenteritis resulting from an infection with cryptosporidium.


Unresectable Gastric Carcinoma

A gastric carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Recurrent Fallopian Tube Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of fallopian tube endometrioid adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Gnathoschisis

A congenital abnormality consisting of clefting in the jaw, which results from incomplete fusion of the embryonic mandibular prominence.


Intraoperative Breast Injury

Damage to the breast parenchyma during a surgical procedure.


Non-Neoplastic Bone Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the bone or articular cartilage.


Preexisting Genetic Condition

A condition that existed previously and is genetic in nature.


Nonerosive Arthritis

An inflammation of one or more joints, without loss of articular cartilage or destruction of subchondral bone.


Complete Atrioventricular Septal Defect with Tetralogy of Fallot

A rare congenital heart anomaly in which there is coexistence of tetralogy of Fallot and complete atrioventricular septal defect. The latter is characterized by defects in the atrial and ventricular septa and a common atrioventricular valve.


Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma, Biliary Type

A well or moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma that arises from the gallbladder.  It is the most common type of gallbladder carcinoma and is characterized by the presence of malignant tubular glands.  Intestinal differentiation may be present.


Locally Advanced Unresectable Sarcoma

A sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection.


Recurrent Low Grade Glioma

The reemergence of low grade glioma after a period of remission.


Non-Neoplastic Endocrine Pancreas Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the endocrine pancreas.


Estrogen Receptor Status 1+

An immunohistochemical result of 1 for estrogen receptor expression that is considered weak for expression.


Chest Pain in Intercostal Space

The location of the chest pain is in the area defined by a superior rib margin and an inferior rib margin.


Chronic Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

This is an invalid term; lymphoblastic lymphomas are not chronic processes, but counterparts of acute lymphoblastic leukemias.


Lip Infection

An acute or chronic infectious process affecting the lips.


Brain Development Abnormality

A group of congenital or acquired disorders that affect the normal development of the brain.


Allergic arthritis

Arthritis occurring after the ingestion of allergenic substance(s).


Congenital deformity of hip joint

Any anatomic abnormality of the hip that is present at the time of birth.


Severe Gastrointestinal Tract Acute Graft Versus Host Disease

Graft versus host disease occurring in the gastrointestinal tract and is characterized by complications that may be life-threatening.


Pathologic Stage I Retinoblastoma AJCC v8

Stage I includes: pT1, pT2, pT3, pN0, cM0, Any H. pT1: Intraocular tumor(s) without any local invasion, focal choroidal invasion, or pre-or intralaminar involvement of the optic nerve head. pT2: Intraocular tumor(s) with local invasion. pT3: Intraocular tumor(s) with significant local invasion. pN0: No lymph node involvement. cM0: No signs or symptoms of intracranial or distant metastasis. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. H0: Normal RB1 alleles in blood tested with demonstrated high-sensitivity assays. H1: Bilateral retinoblastoma, retinoblastoma with an intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (i.e., trilateral retinoblastoma), patient with family history of retinoblastoma, or molecular definition of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Lacrimal Drainage System Non-Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma of the lacrimal drainage system characterized by a plexiform or ribbon-like growth pattern, cytological atypia, and lack of histological evidence of keratinization.


Refractory Urinary System Carcinoma

Urinary system carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


Recurrent Malignant Male Reproductive System Neoplasm

Reemergence of a malignant male reproductive system neoplasm after a period of remission.


Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Squamous Differentiation

An invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder that exhibits squamous differentiation.


Thyroid colloid nodule

A non-cancerous thyroid gland nodule that contains colloid material.


Clinical Stage I Retinoblastoma AJCC v8

Stage I includes: cT1, cT2, cT3, cN0, cM0, Any H. cT1: Intraretinal tumor(s) with subretinal fluid 5 mm or less from the base of any tumor. cT2: Intraocular tumor(s) with retinal detachment, vitreous seeding, or subretinal seeding. cT3: Advanced intraocular tumor(s). cN0: No regional lymph node involvement. cM0: No signs or symptoms of intracranial or distant metastasis. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. H0: Normal RB1 alleles in blood tested with demonstrated high-sensitivity assays. H1: Bilateral retinoblastoma, retinoblastoma with an intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (i.e., trilateral retinoblastoma), patient with family history of retinoblastoma, or molecular definition of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Papillary serous cystadenoma

A serous benign or low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures.


Steroid Resistant Acute Graft Versus Host Disease

Acute graft versus host disease that is resistant to treatment with steroids.


Fallopian Tube Metaplastic Papillary Tumor

A rare metaplastic lesion that arises from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by the presence of an intraluminal papillary proliferation composed of atypical epithelial cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. In the vast majority of cases, it is an incidental finding during microscopic examination of a fallopian tube in the postpartum period.


Recurrent Fallopian Tube Carcinoma

The reemergence of fallopian tube carcinoma after a period of remission.


Premalignant Neoplasm

A neoplasm that is composed of dysplastic cells and there is no morphologic evidence of infiltration of the surrounding tissues.


Non-Neoplastic Disorder by Special Category


ROSE Cluster 1

Gene expression cluster 1 as determined by Recognition of Outliers by Sampling Ends (ROSE) in high-risk B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.


Recurrent Nervous System Neoplasm

The reemergence of a nervous system neoplasm after a period of remission.


Astler-Coller C1 Colon Carcinoma

Stage III includes: IIIA (T1-T2, N1, M0); IIIB (T3-T4, N1, M0); IIIC (Any T, N2, M0). N1: Metastasis in 1 to 3 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 4 or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Refractory T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia

T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia that is resistant to treatment.


Hereditary Malignant Neoplasm

Malignant neoplasms occurring in families at a rate greater than that expected by chance and caused by germline mutations in a specific gene.


Occlusion of inferior vena cava

Blockage of the lumen of the inferior vena cava.


Lugano Classification Advanced Stage Adult Lymphoma AJCC v8

Advanced stage adult lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages III and IV. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Monogenic Hyperinsulinism

A genetically heterogenous group of hyperinsulinemic conditions caused by mutation(s) in one of the many genes involved in the regulation of insulin secretion.


Cervix carcinoma recurrent

The reemergence of cervical carcinoma after a period of remission.


Ectopic ureter

A congenital anomaly in which the ureteral orifice drains into an abnormal location.


Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma with Clear Cell Change

A morphologic variant of endometrioid adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of large multinucleated clear cells.


Extended Oligoarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis that eventually involves more than four separate joints.


Staphylococcal arthritis and polyarthritis


Neoplasm of lacrimal drainage system

A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the lacrimal drainage system.


Ovarian Infection

An infectious process affecting the ovary.


Stage II Contiguous Adult Diffuse Mixed Cell Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in association with regional lymph node involvement with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE).


Occupational Malignant Neoplasm

Malignant neoplasm secondary to occupational exposure to carcinogens.


Neuroendocrine cervical carcinoma

A malignant, high grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the cervix. This category includes small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.


Verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity stage IV


Childhood Myxopapillary Ependymoma

A myxopapillary ependymoma that occurs during childhood.


Supratentorial Meningioma

A meningioma that affects the supratentorial brain.


Glassy cell carcinoma

A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of atypical cells with glassy cytoplasm.


Stage IIC Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IIC includes: T2c, N0, M0.  T2c: Pelvic extension with malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Low grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm

A well differentiated mucinous neoplasm that arises from the appendix.  It is characterized by slow growth and it is associated with the development of pseudomyxoma peritonei.


Distress

A state of physiological or psychological stress that cannot be compensated for by normal adaptive measures.


Genitourinary System Neoplasm

A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the genitourinary system.


Urethral Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of urethral cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to urothelial (transitional cell), squamous, and glandular carcinomas of the urethra and to urothelial (transitional cell) carcinomas of the prostate and prostatic urethra. It does not apply to squamous cell carcinomas of the penile foreskin (are staged according to the classification for penis), primary urothelial carcinomas of the bladder with transmural involvement of the prostate (are staged according to the classification for urinary bladder), prostatic adenocarcinomas (are staged according to the classification for prostate), mucosal melanomas of the urethra (no AJCC staging system), lymphomas (are staged according to the classification for Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma), and sarcomas (are staged according to the classification for soft tissue sarcoma of the abdomen and thoracic visceral organs).  (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Diffuse Non-Pontine Midline Glioma

A diffuse glioma that arises from the midline structures of the central nervous system, other than the pons.


Perihepatic abscess

An abscess that is located in the anatomical space surrounding the liver, but which is outside of the liver capsule itself.


Panniculitis Ossificans

A condition characterized by subcutaneous fat necrosis with heterotopic calcification. It often occurs as a result of injury to the area.


Recurrent Fallopian Tube Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of fallopian tube clear cell adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Astler-Coller B3 Rectal Carcinoma

Stage III includes: IIIA (T1-T2, N0, M0); IIIB (T3-T4, N1, M0); IIIC (Any T, N2, M0).  N1: Metastasis in 1 to 3 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 4 or more regional lymph nodes. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Vaginal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Intestinal-Type

A vaginal mucinous adenocarcinoma that resembles the large intestinal adenocarcinoma.


Meningeal Leukemia

Infiltration of the meninges by an acute or chronic leukemia.


Locally Advanced Malignant Mesothelioma

Malignant mesothelioma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Acquired hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus that results from head trauma, brain tumors, intracranial hemorrhage, or meningitis.


Recurrent Childhood Undifferentiated High Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone

The reemergence of undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma of bone in childhood after a period of remission.


Refractory Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs in adulthood and does not respond to treatment.


Stage II Extragonadal Non-Seminomatous Germ Cell Tumor


Myxoid Pleomorphic Liposarcoma

An exceptionally rare, aggressive adipocytic neoplasm, typically occurring in children and adolescents. Myxoid pleomorphic liposarcoma shows mixed histological features of conventional myxoid liposarcoma and pleomorphic liposarcoma and lacks the gene fusions and amplifications of myxoid liposarcoma, atypical lipomatous tumor, and dedifferentiated liposarcoma. (WHO 2020)


Pediatric Non-Congenital Ventricular Tachycardia

A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of three or more consecutive complexes of ventricular origin that was not present at birth in an individual under age 21. The QRS complexes are wide and have an abnormal morphology.


Esophageal carcinoma recurrent

An esophageal carcinoma which has reappeared after a period of remission or after presumed treatment.


Stage II Fallopian Tube Cancer

Stage II includes: (T2, N0, M0); IIA: (T2a, N0, M0); IIB (T2b, N0, M0); IIC (T2c, N0, M0).  T2: Tumor involves one or both fallopian tubes with pelvic extension.  T2a: Extension and/or metastasis to the uterus and/or ovaries.  T2b: Extension to other pelvic structures.  T2c: Pelvic extension with malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Hyperviscosity

An increase in the viscosity of blood resulting from an increase in the proportion of cellular elements of the blood, a change in the mechanical properties of the cellular elements of the blood, and/or an alteration in plasma viscosity.


Stage IB Cervical Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IB includes: IB (T1b, N0, M0); IB1(T1b1, N0, M0); IB2 (T1b2, N0, M0). T1b: Clinically visible lesion confined to the cervix or microscopic lesion greater than T1a/IA2. T1b1: Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. T1b2: Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Perceptual Distortion

An incorrect understanding or interpretation of sensory input.


Metastatic High Grade Sarcoma

High grade sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


benign granular cell tumor of gallbladder

A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from the gallbladder.  It is characterized by the presence of large polygonal cells with abundant granular cytoplasm.


Aplastic Anemia due to Hepatitis

Bone marrow failure defined as pancytopenia, secondary to hepatitis.


Reticulosarcoma of spleen

An antiquated term that refers to a non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of diffuse infiltrates of large, often anaplastic lymphocytes affecting the spleen.


Cervical Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

A well-differentiated, intermediate grade neuroendocrine neoplasm arising from the cervix.


Ancylostomiasis due to Ancylostoma braziliense (disorder)

Infection by Ancylostoma braziliense.


Metastatic Cervical Adenocarcinoma

A cervical adenocarcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site.


Refractory Cutaneous Melanoma

Melanoma of the skin that is resistant to treatment.


Breast Schwannoma

A schwannoma that arises from the breast.


Decreased Concomitant Drug Half Life

Decreased period of time required for the concentration or amount of a concomitant drug in the body to be reduced to exactly one-half of a given concentration or amount.


Gastrointestinal disorder congenital

An abnormality of the digestive system that is present at birth or detected in the neonatal period.


Structural Heart Abnormality

An anatomic deformity of the heart, ventricles or great vessels


Retinal arteriovenous malformation

A benign vascular lesion characterized by the presence of a complex network of communicating arterial and venous vascular structures in the retina.


Foreign body granuloma of muscle

An inflammatory lesion in the muscle comprised of epithelioid histiocytes and chronic inflammation that is caused by the presence of extraneous material .


Refractory Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Recurrent EBV-Related Lymphoma

The reemergence of EBV-related lymphoma after a period of remission.


Paratesticular Adenomatoid Tumor

An adenomatoid tumor arising from the paratesticular structures. It is the most common tumor of the paratesticular region. The tail of the epididymis is the most common site of involvement.


Pancreatic adenocarcinoma metastatic

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the exocrine pancreatic tissue and has metastasized to other anatomic sites.


A lymphoproliferative disorder that develops in an individual with HIV infection.


Glioneuronal Tumor with Neuropil-Like Islands

A rare, WHO grade II or III infiltrating astrocytoma characterized by the presence of sharply demarcated foci, composed of a neuropil-like matrix.


Stage IIIC Esophageal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIC includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: (T4a, N1-2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4b, Any N, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any).  T4a: Resectable tumor invading pleura, pericardium, or diaphragm. T4b: Unresectable tumor invading other adjacent structures, such as aorta, vertebral body, trachea, etc. N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  N3: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus. For adenocarcinoma: (T4a, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4b, Any N, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G).  T4a: Resectable tumor invading pleura, pericardium, or diaphragm. T4b: Unresectable tumor invading other adjacent structures, such as aorta, vertebral body, trachea, etc.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  N3: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Extrahepatic Bile Duct Neuroendocrine Tumor

A well differentiated, low, intermediate, or high grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts.


Diabetic foetopathy

A constellation of features seen in the hyperinsulinemic fetus of a diabetic mother that include macrosomia, postnatal hypoglycemia and polycythemia.


Type III Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return in which the common pulmonary vein connects to the portal venous system through the diaphragm.


Malignant Outer Hair Sheath and Infundibulum Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the outer hair sheath and infundibulum.


Stage IIA Bone Sarcoma AJCC v7

Stage IIA includes: T1, N0, M0, G3, G4.  T1: Tumor 8 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  G4: Undifferentiated. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Myopathy Secondary to Glycogen Storage Disorder

A myopathy that was caused by a primary disorder of glycogen storage.


Lacrimal Gland Oncocytic Adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the lacrimal gland. It is characterized by the presence of large malignant epithelial cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm.


Hodgkin's disease of intrapelvic lymph nodes

Stage I Hodgkin lymphoma involving the subdiaphragmatic region.


Vulvar Yolk Sac Tumor

A rare yolk sac tumor that arises from the vulva.


Radiation retinopathy

Injury of the retina following exposure to radiation.  The retinal injury results from occlusive microangiopathy caused by endothelial cell loss.


Stage 0 Vulvar Cancer

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0.  Tis: Carcinoma in situ (preinvasive carcinoma). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. FIGO no longer includes stage 0. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Chest Pain in Right Fourth Intercostal Space

The location of the chest pain is within the fourth intercostal space on the right side.


Fibroblastic reticular cell neoplasm

A very rare dendritic cell tumor affecting the lymph nodes, spleen, and soft tissues. Morphologically it is similar to the interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma or follicular dendritic cell sarcoma. The tumor cells are positive for cytokeratin and CD68. Clinical outcome is variable.


Bacterial Toxemia

The condition resulting from the spread of bacterial products (toxins) by the bloodstream.


Slipped extraocular muscle

Weakness of extraocular muscle function as a result of inadequate securing of the muscle to the sclera during strabismus surgery.


Excessive weight gain in pregnancy

In a woman with a normal weight pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), i.e. 18.5-24.9, the weight gained during pregnancy exceeds a total weight gain of 35 lbs. In a woman with an underweight pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), i.e. less than 18.5, the weight gained during pregnancy exceeds a total weight gain of 40 lbs. In a woman with an overweight pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), i.e. 25.0-29.9, the weight gained during pregnancy exceeds a total weight gain of 25 lbs. In a woman with an obese pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), i.e. greater than 30, the weight gained during pregnancy exceeds a total weight gain of 20 lbs. These standards are supported for the whole population irrespective of height, race or ethnicity.


Stage IIIA1 Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIA1 includes: T1/2, N1, M0. T1: T1: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor limited to fallopian tube(s). T2: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor involving fallopian tubes with pelvic extension below pelvic brim. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Adult Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia

An acute myelomonocytic leukemia occurring in adults.


Viremia

A laboratory test result indicating the presence of a virus in the blood.


Locally Recurrent Merkel Cell Carcinoma

The reemergence of Merkel cell carcinoma after a period of remission, at or adjacent to the site of the original tumor.


Clinical Stage IIA Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage IIA includes: (T2b, N0, M0); (T3a, N0, M0). T2b: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Deletion of Chromosome 3p Associated Meningioma

A meningioma that is associated with deletion of chromosomal arm 3p.


Metastatic Peritoneal Malignant Mesothelioma

Peritoneal malignant mesothelioma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Prostate Acinar Adenocarcinoma, Pseudohyperplastic Variant

A variant of acinar prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of neoplastic large glands that resemble the benign, non-neoplastic prostate glands.


Sperm granuloma

A lump of extravasated sperm in the paratesticular region in men who have undergone vasectomy.


Other Finding

An additional finding not previously noted.


Malignant neoplasm occurring in immunodeficient patients.


Hydroxyproline Urine Increased

A laboratory test result indicating abnormally high concentration of hydroxyproline in the urine.


Renal granular cell carcinoma

A renal cell carcinoma with eosinophilic cytoplasm and high nuclear grade.  Granular cells can be seen in any subtype of renal cell carcinoma, including conventional clear cell carcinoma.  This term does not represent a specific subtype of renal cell carcinoma and should no longer be used.


Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor of the Skin

A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor that arises from the skin.


Coronary Venous Dissection

A tear within the wall of a coronary vein. (ACC)


Central Nervous System Neuroepithelial Neoplasm of Uncertain Origin


Stage IVA Vulvar Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T1-T2, N3, M0); (T3, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor confined to the vulva and/or perineum. Multifocal lesions should be designated as such. The largest lesion or the lesion with the greatest depth of invasion will be the target lesion identified to address the highest pT stage. Depth of invasion is defined as the measurement of the tumor from the epithelial-stromal junction of the adjacent most superficial dermal papilla to the deepest point of invasion. T2: Tumor of any size with extension to adjacent perineal structures (lower/distal third of the urethra, lower/distal third of the vagina, anal involvement). T3: Tumor of any size with extension to any of the following: upper/proximal two-thirds of the urethra, upper/proximal two-thirds of the vagina, bladder mucosa, or rectal mucosa; or fixed to pelvic bone. N3: Fixed or ulcerated regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Chest Wall Chondromesenchymal Hamartoma

A rare benign lesion that arises from the rib cage and affects infants.  It results in the formation of a mass which is composed of spindle cells, cartilage, and hemorrhagic cysts.  Surgical resection is usually curative.


Acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormality

A group of acute myeloid leukemias characterized by recurrent genetic abnormalities, mainly balanced translocations.  (WHO, 2001)


Immunoglobulin deposition disease

A plasma cell neoplasm characterized by the deposition of immunoglobulin in tissues, resulting in impaired organ function. It includes the following entities: primary amyloidosis, heavy chain deposition disease, and light chain deposition disease.


Disorder of eye due to diabetes mellitus

A group of disorders affecting the eye in patients with diabetes mellitus. It includes cataract, glaucoma, retinopathy, and blindness.


Testicular Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of testicular cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to postpubertal germ cell tumors of the testis and malignant sex cord-stromal tumors of the testis. It does not apply to spermatocytic tumors (no AJCC staging system), nonmalignant sex cord-/gonadal -stromal tumors (no AJCC staging system), prepubertal germ cell tumors (no AJCC staging system), hematolymphoid tumors (hematologic malignancies staging system), and paratesticular neoplasms (no AJCC staging system).  (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Refractory Appendix Adenocarcinoma

Appendix adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Decreased NCF2 Expression

An indication that the expression of NCF2 is lower than the normal range of values.


Second Primary Cancers

A primary malignant neoplasm in a patient who has been already diagnosed with a primary malignant neoplasm in another anatomic site.


Solar Radiation-Related Cutaneous Melanoma

Cutaneous melanoma that arises following exposure to solar radiation.


Stage II Vulva Cancer AJCC v6

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0.  T2: Tumor confined to the vulva or vulva and perineum, more than 2cm in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 6th ed.)


Silicon granuloma

A granuloma that forms in response to silicone exposure.


Stage IVA Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Tumor invading the mucosa of the bladder or rectum, and/or extending beyond the true pelvis (bullous edema is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4). M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Prolonged depressive adjustment reaction

Temporary but prolonged and maladaptive depressive signs and symptoms associated with a life event.


Recurrent Paraganglioma

The reemergence of paraganglioma after a period of remission.


Microabscess

A very small, tiny abscess.


Moderately Differentiated Prostate Adenocarcinoma

An invasive prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells exhibiting moderate differentiation.


Acute pulmonary embolism

An acute embolism to the pulmonary vasculature.


Very Severe Aplastic Anemia

Aplastic anemia that is characterized by bone marrow (BM) cellularity less than 25% (or less than 50% if BM is comprised of less than 30% hematopoietic cells), and two or more of the following: absolute neutrophil count of less than 200 per microliter; platelet count of less than 20,000 per microliter; or an absolute reticulocyte count of less than 20,000 per microliter.


Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor foetopathy

Fetal embryopathy associated with maternal angiotensis converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor use during pregnancy that may include fetal acute renal failure, growth restriction, oligohydramnios, calvaria abnormalities, preterm birth, and pulmonary hypoplasia with respiratory distress.


Decreased Concomitant Drug Peak Blood Concentration

Decreased maximum (peak) concentration of a concomitant drug observed after its administration.


Appendix Neuroendocrine Tumor G3

A well differentiated, high grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the appendix. The Ki-67 index is higher than 20%.


Leukemia recurrent

The reemergence of leukemia after a period of remission.


Metastatic Non-Cutaneous Melanoma

A non-cutaneous melanoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Childhood Large Cell Lymphoma

A large cell lymphoma occurring in childhood.


Refractory Esophageal Carcinoma

Esophageal carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Non-Neoplastic, Non-Molar Gestational Trophoblastic Disorder

A category of non-neoplastic gestational trophoblastic disorders that includes the exaggerated placental site reaction and placental site nodule or plaque. It does not include hydatidiform mole.


Conjunctival Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the conjunctiva.


Esophageal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the esophagus. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 10 HPF. According to the size of the malignant cells, the prominence of the nucleoli, and the amount of cytoplasm, it is classified either as small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.


Placental aromatase deficiency

An autosomal recessive condition that results in aromatase deficiency in the placenta, causing temporary virilization of the pregnant woman and virilization of her 46,XX fetus.


Refractory Malignant Germ Cell Tumor

Malignant germ cell tumor resistant to treatment.


Refractory Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

A neuroendocrine neoplasm that does not respond to treatment.


Non-Neoplastic Breast Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the breast. Representative examples include fibrocystic disease, gynecomastia, mastitis, and adenosis.


Sarcoma NCI Grade 2

A sarcoma with less than 15% necrosis.


High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A precancerous neoplastic process that affects the squamous, glandular, or transitional cell epithelium without evidence of invasion. According to the degree of nuclear atypia, number of mitotic figures, and presence of architectural distortion, it is classified as grade II (moderate dysplasia) or grade III (severe dysplasia).


Transient myocardial ischemia of newborn

A condition characterized by a temporary imbalance between the oxygen supply and demand of the heart muscle in the newborn.


Refractory Adenovirus Infection

An adenovirus infection that does not respond to treatment.


Unresectable Renal Pelvis and Ureter Urothelial Carcinoma

Renal pelvis and ureter urothelial carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Adverse Drug Reaction to Systemic Antibiotic

A detrimental or unintended response associated with the use of a systemic antibiotic.


Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia that does not respond to treatment.


Human Papillomavirus-Independent Cervical Adenocarcinoma In Situ

Cervical adenocarcinoma in situ not associated with human papillomavirus infection.


Musculoskeletal Chest Pain due to Myositis

A condition in which there is musculoskeletal chest pain secondary to inflammation of the muscle tissue. (ACC/AHA)


Myeloid Neoplasms with Germline ANKRD26 Mutation

An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by moderate thrombocytopenia and increased risk of developing myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia. This disorder is characterized by germline mutations in ANKRD26, located on chromosome band 10p12.1. (WHO 2017)


Early Unfavorable Hodgkin Lymphoma

An early Hodgkin lymphoma with unfavorable prognosis.


Stage IIB Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IIB includes: T4a, N0, M0. T4a: Tumor penetrates visceral peritoneum including mucinous peritoneal tumor within the right lower quadrant.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Childhood TdT Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

TdT positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs during childhood.


Endometrioid adenocarcinoma, ciliated cell variant

An endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from the endometrium, in which ciliated cells line the majority of the malignant glands.


Adult Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia

An acute myeloid leukemia occurring in adults.


Nonorganic Insomnia

Insomnia as a result of an extrinsic cause.


Epstein-Barr Virus-Related Lymphoproliferative Disease with Primary Immunodeficiency

An EBV-related lymphoid proliferation that arises in the setting of immune deficiency due to a primary immunodeficiency or immunoregulatory disorder.


Low Grade Anal Canal Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Intraepithelial neoplasia involving the anal canal.  The epithelial cells exhibit mild dysplasia (grade I intraepithelial neoplasia).


Gallbladder Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the gallbladder epithelium.  It is characterized by the presence of moderate atypia.


Osteosarcoma recurrent

The reemergence of osteosarcoma after a period of remission.


Chest wall cyst

A cystic lesion in the chest wall.


Borderline Resectable Mass

A tumor mass finding that refers to a continuum between resectable and locally advanced unresectable disease.


Stage II Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma and Sympathetic Paraganglioma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Pheochromocytoma measuring 5 cm or more in greatest dimension or paraganglioma-sympathetic of any size, with no extra-adrenal invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Antenatal Hydronephrosis

Hydronephrosis that occurs in a fetus.


Stage IV Adult Diffuse Small Cleaved Cell Lymphoma

Stage IV: Disseminated (multifocal) involvement of one or more extralymphatic sites with or without associated lymph node involvement or isolated extralymphatic organ involvement with distant (nonregional) nodal involvement. (PDQ)


Malignant Proliferating Pilar Tumor

A rare malignant neoplasm that arises from the outer root sheath of the hair follicle. It usually occurs in the scalp, face and trunk. Histopathology shows cords of malignant squamous cells infiltrating into the dermis.


Stage IB Bone Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IB includes: (T2, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX); (T3, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX).  T2: Tumor more than 8 cm in greatest dimension.  T3: Discontinuous tumors in the primary bone site.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated-low grade.  G2: Moderately differentiated-low grade.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Hodgkin's Disease, Nodular Sclerosis, Lymphocyte Depletion


Platinum-Resistant Malignant Germ Cell Tumor

A malignant germ cell tumor that is resistant to platinum therapy.


Adult Unfavorable Prognosis Hodgkin Lymphoma

A Hodgkin lymphoma with unfavorable prognosis that occurs during adulthood.


Mycotic pericarditis

Pericarditis that is caused by an infection with a fungal agent.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to conjunctiva

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the conjunctiva from another anatomic site.


Anaplastic (Malignant) Intracranial Meningioma

An anaplastic meningioma that arises within the cranial cavity.


Hereditary factor XII deficiency disease

A rare autosomal recessive inherited bleeding disorder caused by deficiency of coagulation factor XII. It may be asymptomatic or manifest with bleeding.


Metastatic Vaginal Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the vagina and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Osteoclastic Giant Cell-Rich Tumor of Bone

A benign, intermediate, or malignant bone tumor characterized by the presence of osteoclast-like giant cells. Clinical presentation includes pain, edema, and decreased range of motion in the affected joint.


Endometrioid adenocarcinoma metastatic

An endometrioid adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Clinical Stage IVA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T1-4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Recurrent Malignant Neoplasm of Multiple Primary Sites

Reemergence of a malignant neoplasm of multiple primary sites after a period of remission.


Thalassemic Osteopathy

Bone disorders that present in thalassemia patients.


Breast Fibrocystic Change, Proliferative Type without Atypia

Breast fibrocystic change characterized by the presence of epithelial cell hyperplasia.  There is no evidence of epithelial atypia.


Cervical Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

A well-differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the cervix.


Low ADAMTS13 Activity

A finding indicating that a significantly lower than expected activity for the proteinase a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 13 (ADAMTS13) is detected in a sample. This finding is associated with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.


Granular Cell Astrocytoma

An astrocytoma characterized by the presence of large numbers of neoplastic cells with granular, PAS-positive cytoplasm. It is associated with an aggressive clinical course, even when the histologic features suggest a lower-grade astrocytoma.


High Grade Conjunctival Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A precancerous neoplastic intraepithelial process with high-grade dysplastic features involving the conjunctival epithelium.


Clinical Stage II Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: T1, N1, M0; IIB: T2, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Intraoperative Reproductive System Injury

Damage to the reproductive organs during a surgical procedure.


Nuclear Cataract Grade 2

A stage of nuclear sclerotic cataract marked by moderate yellowing and sclerosis of the lens nucleus. (Modified LOCS II)


Retinoblastoma, undifferentiated

A retinoblastoma composed of small, undifferentiated cells. It is often associated with necrotic changes.


Malignant tumor, small cell type

A malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of small atypical cells.


Stage IIC Prostate Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIC includes: (T1-2, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 3); (T1-2, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 4). T1: Prostate cancer with clinically inapparent tumor that is not palpable. T2: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is palpable and confined within the prostate. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. Grade Group 3: Gleason Score 7, Gleason Pattern 4+3. Grade Group 4: Gleason Score 8, Gleason Pattern 4+4. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Delusional disorder, somatic type

A subtype of delusional disorder characterized by the central delusional theme that the individual has some physical defect or medical condition.


Bladder Paraganglioma

An extra-adrenal sympathetic paraganglioma arising from the urinary bladder.  Clinical signs include hypertension and hematuria.


Broad Ligament Serous Adenocarcinoma

A rare serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the broad ligament.


Malignant Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Cleaved Cell


Vaginal Keratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of keratin pearls. Intercellular bridges and cytoplasmic keratinization are usually present.


Cutaneous neurofibroma

A neurofibroma that grows along small branches of nerves in the dermis in patients with neurofibromatosis. It presents as a solid cutaneous tumor.


Esophageal adenocarcinoma recurrent

An esophageal adenocarcinoma which has reappeared after a period of remission or after presumed treatment.


Cervical Cancer by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of cervical cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


Stage IIA1 Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IIA1 includes: T2a1, N0, M0. T2a1: Tumor with involvement limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial invasion measuring 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Conjunctival Spitz Nevus

A rare nevus that arises from the conjunctiva. It is characterized by the presence of large spindle-shaped or epithelioid melanocytes.


Prostate Undifferentiated Carcinoma

An invasive prostate carcinoma characterized by the presence of undifferentiated malignant cells.


Actinomycotic granuloma

A granuloma that develops in response to Actinomycotic fungal infection.


Refractory Liposarcoma

Liposarcoma that does not respond to treatment.


Stage IV Cervical Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4, Any N, M0); IVB (Any T, Any N, MI). T4: Tumor invades mucosa of bladder or rectum, and/or extends beyond true pelvis (bullous edema is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4). M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Anaplastic Astroblastoma, MN1-Altered

An astroblastoma, MN1-altered, characterized by the presence of high mitotic activity, cytologic atypia, and architectural distortion.


Refractory Appendix Carcinoma

Appendix carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Critical illness myopathy

Acute muscle weakness and paralysis that develops in critically ill patients who have been treated with multiple drugs during their intensive care unit stay. It is associated with delayed weaning from mechanical ventilation and prolonged rehabilitation.


Lugano Classification Limited Stage Adult Lymphoma AJCC v8

Limited stage adult lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages I, IE, II, and IIE. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Perforation due to Lead

Penetration of a lead through a systemic vein, coronary vein, or the myocardium. (ACC)


Stage IIIC Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIC includes: Any T, N2, M0. N2: Four or more regional lymph nodes are positive. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Trigeminal neuralgia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma

A Merkel cell carcinoma that has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Endometrial Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A small cell or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from the endometrium.


Ampullary Flat Intraepithelial Neoplasia, High Grade

A non-polypoid, preinvasive neoplasm that arises from the ampulla of Vater.  It is characterized by the presence of high grade dysplasia.


Chronic Ocular Graft Versus Host Disease

Chronic graft versus host disease occurring in the eye.


Injury Asphyxation

Acute compression of the thoracic cavity, causing  increased intrathoracic pressure and the backflow of blood from the right atrium and superior vena cava into the brachiocephalic and jugular veins, with resulting stagnation of blood flow and subsequent localized blood-oxygen desaturation in the head and neck.


Esophageal Basal Cell Hyperplasia

A reactive (non-neoplastic) hyperplastic process affecting the esophageal squamous epithelium that is caused by inflammation.  Morphologically it involves more than 15% of the thickness of the esophageal squamous epithelium.  Its association with an increase risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma remains controversial.


Pathologic Stage IIIA Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: T1a/b-T2a, N1a or N2a, M0. T1a: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N1a: One clinically occult nodal metastasis (i.e., detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy). Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No.  N2a: Two or three clinically occult nodal metastases (i.e., detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy). Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No.  M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IV Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Diffuse Midline Glioma

A diffuse glioma that arises from the midline structures of the central nervous system. The majority of these tumors are found in the brainstem.


Unresectable Gastroesophageal Junction Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the gastroesophageal junction and is not amenable to surgical resection.


Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation

An acute myeloid leukemia without maturation occurring in adults.


Gravid Uterus Adjusted Maternal Body Weight Gain

The amount of maternal body weight gained over a period of time where the weight at the end of the interval is adjusted for the gravid uterus weight. This is derived by subtracting the maternal body weight adjusted for the gravid uterus from the total maternal body weight.


Advanced Angiosarcoma

An angiosarcoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Unresectable Basal Cell Carcinoma

Basal cell carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


anaplastic carcinoma of urethra

An undifferentiated carcinoma arising from the urethra.


Conjunctival Blue Nevus

A benign melanocytic neoplasm that arises from the conjunctiva. It is characterized by the presence of dendritic and spindle-shaped melanocytes in the subepithelial connective tissue. It presents as a dark brown or black, slightly elevated conjunctival lesion.


Intraoperative Endocrine Injury

Damage to an endocrine gland during a surgical procedure.


Bilateral anophthalmos of eyes

A rare congenital abnormality characterized by the complete absence of ocular tissue in both orbits.


acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in relapse

The reemergence of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia after a period of remission.


Localized Lymphoma

A lymphoma that is confined to a specific site without evidence of spread to other anatomic sites.


malignant enteroglucagonoma

A glucagon-producing malignant endocrine neoplasm. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.


Stage III Renal Pelvis and Ureter Cancer AJCC v7

Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: For renal pelvis only: tumor invades beyond muscularis into peripelvic fat or the renal parenchyma.  For ureter only: tumor invades beyond muscularis into periureteric fat.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Anal cancer recurrent

The reemergence of anal carcinoma after a period of remission.


gender identity disorder

A disorder characterized by a strong and persistent cross-gender identification (such as stating a desire to be the other sex or frequently passing as the other sex) coupled with persistent discomfort with his or her sex (manifested in adults, for example, as a preoccupation with altering primary and secondary sex characteristics through hormonal manipulation or surgery).


Thoracic Meningocele

A congenital abnormality in the thoracic region of the spine in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column.


Refractory Endometrial Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial clear cell adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Reflux

An abnormal backward flow of a body fluid.


Infant T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

A T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs in infancy.


Metastatic Urethral Carcinoma

Urethral carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site.


FIGO Grade 2 Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma exhibiting 6-50% solid non-glandular, non-squamous growth.


Beta-2-Microglobulin Greater than 3 g/mL

A laboratory test result indicating that beta-2-microglobulin is present in a sample at concentrations exceeding 3 g/mL.


Topoisomerase II Inhibitor-Related Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemias arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of therapeutic agents targeting DNA-topoisomerase II. The vast majority of patients present without a preceding myelodysplastic phase. The acute myeloid leukemias are usually of the monoblastic or myelomonocytic type. Clonal cytogenetic abnormalities are frequently present and usually involve chromosome 11q23 (MLL gene).


Refractory Mucosal Melanoma

Mucosal melanoma that is resistant to treatment.


Glucokinase-Associated Hyperinsulinism

Hyperinsulinism due to activating mutation(s) in the gene GCK, encoding glucokinase.


Childhood Grade I Meningioma

A grade I meningioma that occurs during childhood.


Stage IIIA Prostate Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: T1-2, N0, M0, PSA 20 or more, Grade Group 1-4; T1: Prostate cancer with clinically inapparent tumor that is not palpable. T2: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is palpable and confined within the prostate. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. Grade Group 1: Gleason Score 6 or less, Gleason Pattern 3 or less+3. Grade Group 2: Gleason Score 7, Gleason Pattern 3+4. Grade Group 3: Gleason Score 7, Gleason Pattern 4+3. Grade Group 4: Gleason Score 8, Gleason Pattern 4+4. (AJCC 8th ed.)


FNCLCC Sarcoma Grade 1

A sarcoma with a total score of 2 or 3 according to the FNCLCC guidelines.


Refluxing Megaureter

A megaureter that demonstrates retrograde urine flow without ureteral obstruction.


Meningothelial Hamartoma

A hamartoma characterized by the presence of collections of non-neoplastic arachnoidal cells.


transvestism

A disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors in a heterosexual male involving cross-dressing.


adenocarcinoma of gallbladder with squamous metaplasia

An infiltrating adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder characterized by the presence of metaplastic changes of the malignant glandular cells to squamous cells.


Hodgkin Lymphoma by Ann Arbor Stage

An anatomic stage for Hodgkin lymphomas based on the Ann Arbor classification criteria.


Complicated malaria

Acute malaria with signs of organ dysfunction, severe anemia (hemoglobin less than 5 g/dL or hematocrit less than 15%) and/or hyperparasitemia (greater than 5% of red blood cells infected).


Papillary transitional cell carcinoma, non-invasive

A transitional cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern and lack of stromal invasion.


High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Inverted Variant

High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of secretory cells with their nuclei polarized towards the lumen of the glands.


Non-Neoplastic Conjunctival Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the conjunctiva.


Unresectable Bladder Carcinoma

Bladder carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage I Adult Diffuse Small Cleaved Cell Lymphoma

Stage I: Involvement of a single lymph node region (I) or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site (IE). (from PDQ)


Stage IV Prostate Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: (T4, N0, M0, Any PSA, Any Gleason); (Any T, N1, M0, Any PSA, Any Gleason); (Any T, Any N, M1, Any PSA, Any Gleason). cT4: Tumor is fixed or invades adjacent structures other than seminal vesicles such as external sphincter, rectum, bladder, levator muscles, and/or pelvic wall.  pT4: Invasion of rectum, levator muscles, and/or pelvic wall.  N1: Metastasis in regional lymph node(s).  M1: Distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Diffuse Low Grade Glioma, BRAF p.V600E-Mutant

Diffuse low-grade glioma characterized by the presence of BRAF gene mutations encoding a p.V600E substitution mutation.


Pathologic Stage IIIB Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: (T0, N1b, N1c, M0); (T1a/b-T2a, N1b/c or N2b, M0); (T2b/T3a, N1a-N2b, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor (e.g., unknown primary or completely regressed melanoma). Thickness: Not applicable. Ulceration status: Not applicable. T1a: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration.  T2b: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N1b: One clinically detected nodal metastasis. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N1c: No regional lymph node disease. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: Yes. N2b: Two or three nodal metastases at least one of which was clinically detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N1a: One clinically occult nodal metastasis (i.e., detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy). Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N2a: Two or three clinically occult nodal metastases (i.e., detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy). Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Recurrent Brain Neoplasm

The reemergence of a brain neoplasm after a period of remission.


A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm that is resistant to treatment.


Postoperative Spindle Cell Nodule of the Vagina

A rare, benign, non-neoplastic reactive lesion that develops in the vagina at the site of a prior operative procedure. It is composed of spindle cells, small blood vessels, and chronic inflammation.


Chemical Exposure

Contact with a chemical substance through touch, inhalation, or ingestion.


Radiation-Induced Cancer

A malignant neoplasm arising in a site exposed to radiation therapy.


Vulvar Blue Nevus

A benign nevus that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of heavily pigmented dendritic melanocytes exclusively in the dermis.


Weight Change

An increase or decrease in the weight of an individual.


Non-Malignant Neoplasm

A category that includes benign neoplasms and neoplasms with uncertain malignant potential. The latter are characterized by clinicopathological features that are not benign, including some degree of mild or mild/moderate atypia/dysplasia, but lack overt malignant morphologic characteristics and there is no evidence of metastasis at the time of diagnosis.


Gonadal Thrombosis

Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the lumen of the vein that carries blood away from the testis or ovary.


Gastric carcinoma stage IV without metastases

T4,N2,MO (from PDQ)


Ovarian Mass

An abnormal growth in the ovary.


Therapy-Related Toxicity

The finding of bodily harm due to the poisonous effects associated with the action or administration of therapeutic agents.


Stage IIIB Testicular Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: (Any pT/TX, N1-3, M0, S2); (Any pT/TX, Any N, M1a, S2). TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. N1: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and less than or equal to five nodes positive, none larger than 2 cm in greatest dimension. N2: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass larger than 2 cm but not larger than 5 cm in greatest dimension; or more than five nodes positive, none larger than 5 cm; or evidence of extranodal extension of tumor. N3: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass larger than 5 cm in greatest dimension. M0: Testicular cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. M1a: Testicular cancer with non-retroperitoneal nodal or pulmonary metastases. S2: LDH 1.5-10 x N or hCG (mlU/mL) 5,000-50,000 or AFP (ng/mL) 1,000-10,000. N indicates the upper limit of normal for the LDH assay. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Transplant-Related Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises in a patient with a history of organ transplantation.


Stage IA2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IA2 includes: T1a2, N0, M0. T1a2: Tumor with measured stromal invasion of more than 3.0 mm and equal or less than 5.0 mm in depth. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Duodenal fistula

An abnormal communication between the duodenum and another organ or cavity.


Stage I Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v8

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or muscular layer. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Recurrent Hematologic Malignancy

The reemergence of a hematologic malignancy after a period of remission.


Stage II Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in association with regional lymph node involvement with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE).


Hemoglobin Lepore Syndrome

A beta thalassemia resulting from an unequal crossover/recombination event involving portions of the delta and beta globin genes, resulting in underproduction of the abnormal delta-beta globin.


Round Cell Sarcoma with FUS-NFATC2 Gene Fusion

A group of rare round and spindle cell sarcomas characterized by the presence of FUS-NFATC2 gene fusion.


Lupus Flare

An exacerbation of the chronic disease lupus.


Palisaded encapsulated neuroma

A benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor characterized by the presence of Schwann cells, axons, and perineurial fibroblasts.  It usually arises from the skin of the head and neck or the oral mucosa.  It presents as a solitary and painless nodular mass.


Refractory Meningioma

Meningioma that is resistant to treatment.


Mental and Behavioral Signs and Symptoms

Clinical evidence of disease resulting from mental and/or behavioral dysfunction.


Staphylococcal enterocolitis

Gastroenteritis resulting from an infection with Staphylococcus aureus.


Advanced Carcinoma

Carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Stage II Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIIC Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIC includes: (T0, N2b, N2c, N3b or N3c); (T1a-T3a, N2c or N3a/b/c, M0); (T3b/T4a, Any N greater than or equal to N1, M0); (T4b, N1a-N2c, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor (e.g., unknown primary or completely regressed melanoma). Thickness: Not applicable. Ulceration status: Not applicable. T1a: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T2b: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T3b: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T4a: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T4b: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration.  N2b: Two or three nodal metastases at least one of which was clinically detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N2c: One clinically occult nodal metastasis. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: Yes. N3b: Four or more nodal metastases, at least one of which was clinically detected, or presence of any number of matted nodes. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N3c: Two or more clinically occult nodal metastases. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: Yes. N3a: Four or more clinically occult nodal metastasis (i.e., detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy). Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N1a: One clinically occult nodal metastasis (i.e., detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy). Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N1b: One clinically detected nodal metastasis. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. N1c: No regional lymph node disease. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: Yes. N2a: Two or three clinically occult nodal metastases (i.e., detected by sentinel lymph node biopsy). Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma with YAP1-TFE3 Gene Fusion

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma characterized by a YAP1-TFE3 gene fusion. This gene fusion occurs in a subset of epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas characterized by the presence of well-formed vessels lined by epithelioid endothelial cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Patients with YAP1-TFE3 gene fusion tumors tend to be younger than those with a WWTR1-CAMTA1 gene fusion.


Neoantigen-Positive Malignant Solid Neoplasm

A malignant solid neoplasm characterized by the expression of antigens resulting from cancer-specific mutations (neoantigens).


Lugano Classification Stage IIE Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage IIE: Contiguous extralymphatic extension from a nodal site with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Femoral Hernia with Obstruction without Mention of Gangrene

The protrusion of contents of the abdominal cavity, into the femoral canal, which results in obstruction of intestinal peristalsis, with no mention of necrosis of the herniated contents.


Refractory Ependymoma

Ependymoma that does not respond to treatment.


Bodily Pain

The sensation of acute or chronic suffering in a body region.


Stage II Osteosarcoma AJCC v7

Stage II includes: IIA (T1, N0, M0, G3, G4); IIB (T2, N0, M0, G3, G4).  T1: Tumor 8 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T2: Tumor more than 8 cm in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  G4: Undifferentiated. (AJCC 7th ed.)


CRP Level Greater than or Equal to 3 mg/L

A laboratory test result indicating that C-reactive protein is present in a sample at concentrations of 3 mg/L or more.


Mild Cardiac Valve Regurgitation

Evidence of mild retrograde blood flow through the valve(s) of the heart. (ACC)


Domestic Accident

An accident taking place within a home.


Stage IV Vulvar Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T1/T2, N3, M0); (T3, Any N, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1).  T1: Invasive vulvar cancer confined to the vulva or perineum.  T2: Vulvar cancer with tumor of any size with extension to adjacent perineal structures (lower/distal 1/3 urethra, lower/distal 1/3 vagina, anal involvement).  T3: Vulvar cancer with tumor of any size with extension to any of the following: upper/proximal 2/3 urethra, upper/proximal 2/3 vagina, bladder mucosa, rectal mucosa, or fixed to pelvic bone.  N3: Vulvar cancer with fixed or ulcerated regional lymph node metastasis.  M1: distant metastasis (including pelvic lymph node metastasis).  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IV Anal Canal Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IV includes: (Any T, Any N, M1).  M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


Radiating Chest Pain Along Left Upper Sternal Border

The location of the radiating chest pain is along the left upper sternal border.


Myeloid Neoplasms with Germline Predisposition without a Preexisting Disorder or Organ Dysfunction

Familial myeloid neoplasms associated with germline mutations without a preexisting disorder or organ dysfunction.


Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis

A spectrum of disorders associated with long-term Aspergillus infection of the lung that usually occur in immunocompetent individuals with underlying respiratory disorders, and may be characterized by pulmonary fibrosis or cavitation.


Unresectable Digestive System Adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the gastrointestinal system and is not amenable to surgical resection.


Acquired kyphosis

Kyphosis, the cause of which is not present at birth.


Cardiovascular Radiation Injury

Radiation injury of the cardiovascular system.


COVID-19-Associated Nervous System Disorder

A central or peripheral nervous system disorder caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


Childhood Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma

A pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma that occurs during childhood.


Congenital abnormality of respiratory system

An abnormality of the respiratory system that is present at birth or detected in the neonatal period.


Bleeding on Probing

Bleeding that is induced by gentle manipulation of the gingival tissue at the depth of the gingival sulcus.


Stage III Esophageal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage III includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: IIIA (T1-2, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T3, N1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4a, N0, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); IIIB (T3, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); IIIC (T4a, N1-2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4b, Any N, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any).  For adenocarcinoma: IIIA (T1-2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0, M0, Any G); IIIB (T3, N2, M0, Any G); IIIC (T4a, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4b, Any N, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G).  T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Resectable tumor invading pleura, pericardium, or diaphragm. T4b: Unresectable tumor invading other adjacent structures, such as aorta, vertebral body, trachea, etc. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  N3: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus.  (AJCC 7th ed.)