uranidine

A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5, and 8. It is isolated from the sponge Aplysina aerophoba.


bipyridines

Compounds containing a bipyridine group.


quinolines

A class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds each of which contains a benzene ring ortho fused to carbons 2 and 3 of a pyridine ring.


A quinolone that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 4.


biphenylyltetrazole

A member of the class of biphenyls that consists of a biphenyl ring system substituted by a tetrazole ring at an unspecified position.


An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.


A {2-[(isopropylamino)methyl]-7-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-6-yl}methanol that has S configuration.


An N-glycosyl compound that consists of any triazole having a glycosyl residue attached at position 1.


polypyrrole

A compound composed of two or more pyrrole units.


morphinane-like compound

Any organonitrogen heterocyclic compound based on a morphinan skeleton. These are synthetic or semi-synthetic compounds that resemble the  morphinane (opioid) alkaloids in their pharmacological effects.


tetrapyrrole

A natural pigment containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next.


beta-lactam antibiotic

An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic that contains a beta-lactam ring.


azole

Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.


fluoroquinolone antibiotic

An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic containing a quinolone (or quinolone-like) moiety and which have a fluorine atom attached to the central ring system.


Published in DOI:10.1038/ja.2006.86


(S)-Bendroflumethiazide

The (S)-enantiomer of bendroflumethiazide.


nucleobase-containing molecular entity

Any compound that has a nucleobase as a part.


A quinolone consisting of quinolin-4(1H)-one carrying a heptyl substituent at position 2 and a hydroxy group at position 3.


monobactam

Monocyclic, bacterially produced or semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotic. It lacks the double ring construction of the traditional beta-lactam antibiotics and can be easily synthesized.


Penigequinolone B

Published in DOI:10.1038/ja.2006.86


triazole antifungal drug

Any triazole antifungal agent that has been used for the treatment of fungal infections in humans or animals.


corrinoid

A derivative of the corrin nucleus, which contains four reduced or partly reduced pyrrole rings joined in a macrocycle by three =C- groups and one direct carbon-carbon bond linking alpha positions.


tetrazoles

An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains four N atoms and one C atom.


1,3-thiazolium cation

An organic cation resulting from protonation or quaternisation at the 3-position of any 1,3-thiazole.


nucleobase

That part of DNA or RNA that may be involved in pairing.


oxazole

An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.


triazole antifungal agent

A member of the class of triazole that has significant antifungal properties.


(S)-Bifonazole

A 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole that is the S-enantiomer of bifonazole.


crown compound

A macrocyclic polydentate compound, usually uncharged, in which three or more coordinating ring atoms are or may become suitably close for easy formation of chelate complexes with metal ions or other cationic species.


(R)-Bendroflumethiazide

The (R)-enantiomer of bendroflumethiazide.


beta-lactam

A lactam in which the amide bond is contained within a four-membered ring, which includes the amide nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon.


cyclic acetal

An acetal in the molecule of which the acetal carbon and one or both oxygen atoms thereon are members of a ring.


cyclic hydroxamic acid

A lactam having a hydroxy substituent on the amide nitrogen.


epoxide

Any cyclic ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a 3-membered ring.


A quinolone consisting of quinolin-4(1H)-one carrying a heptyl substituent at position 2.


quinolone antibiotic

An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic whose structure contains a quinolone or quinolone-related skeleton.


imidazole antifungal drug

Any imidazole antifungal agent that has been used for the treatment of fungal infections in humans or animals.


thiazide

Heterocyclic compound with sulfur and nitrogen in the ring.


heteroarene

A heterocyclic compound formally derived from an arene by replacement of one or more methine (-C=) and/or vinylene (-CH=CH-) groups by trivalent or divalent heteroatoms, respectively, in such a way as to maintain the continuous pi-electron system characteristic of aromatic systems and a number of out-of-plane pi-electrons corresponding to the Hueckel rule (4n+2).


oxapenam

A fused-ring beta-lactam system where the beta-lactam ring is fused to a 1,3-oxazolidine ring.


A quinolone that is quinolin-2(1H)-one substituted by a methyl group at position 4.


lactam

Cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.


cyclic ether

Any ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a ring.


imidazole antifungal agent

A compound that has significant antifungal properties whose structure contains an imidazole moiety.


conazole antifungal drug

Any conazole antifungal agent that has been used for the treatment of fungal infections in animals or humans.


organonitrogen heterocyclic compound

Any organonitrogen compound containing a cyclic component with nitrogen and at least one other element as ring member atoms.


A member of the class of quinolones that is 2-methylquinolin-4(1H)-one in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a 4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]phenyl group. A potent inhibitor of Toxoplasma gondii growth.


conazole antifungal agent

A compound that has a structure that is related to miconazole, contains an azole (imidazole or triazole) moiety, and has significant systemic antifungal properties.  They inhibit cytochrome P450-dependent enzymes (particularly C14-demethylase) involved in the biosynthesis of ergosterol, which is required for fungal cell membrane structure and function.


A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thione and its derivatives by substitution.


cyclic ketal

A ketal in the molecule of which the ketal carbon and one or both oxygen atoms thereon are members of a ring.


imidazoles

A five-membered organic heterocycle containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, or any of its derivatives; compounds containing an imidazole skeleton.


beta-lactam antibiotic allergen

Any beta-lactam antibiotic which causes the onset of an allergic reaction.


oxacycle

Any organic heterocyclic compound containing at least one ring oxygen atom.


benzothiadiazine

Heterocyclic compound of a ring with sulfur and two nitrogen atoms fused to a benzene ring. Members inhibit sodium-potassium-chloride symporters and are used as diuretics.


ansamycin

A class of macrocyclic lactams that consist of an aromatic (phenyl or naphthyl) or quinonoid (benzoquinone or naphthoquinone) moiety that is bridged by an aliphatic chain.


A heteroaryl hydroxy compound that is 2-quinolone substituted at position 4 by a hydroxy group.


diazole

An azole that is either one of a pair of heterocyclic organic compounds comprising three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms arranged in a ring.


(R)-oxamniquine

A {2-[(isopropylamino)methyl]-7-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-6-yl}methanol that has R configuration.


crown amine

Crown compounds containing only nitrogen as coordinating atom.


gamma-lactam

A lactam in which the amide bond is contained within a five-membered ring, which includes the amide nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon.


laminin-12 complex

biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A laminin complex composed of alpha2, beta1 and gamma3 polypeptide chains.


proximal epiphysis of distal phalanx of manual digit 4

biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A proximal epiphysis that is part of a distal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Automatically generated definition].


compound organ component

Multi-tissue structure that is part of a compound organ.


medulla of organ

Middle part of an organ, surrounded by the cortex.


left adrenal gland medulla

The adrenal gland medulla that is in the left side of the abdomen.


right adrenal gland medulla

The adrenal gland medulla that is in the right side of the abdomen.


nerve of abdominal segment

biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A nerve that is part of an abdominal segment of trunk [Automatically generated definition].


pelvis nerve

A nerve that is part of a pelvis [Automatically generated definition].


outer endospore membrane

The outer membrane around a bacterial endospore, located between the endospore cortex and endospore coat.


chloroplast outer membrane

The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the chloroplast envelope.


mycolate outer membrane

A mycolic acid-rich cell outer membrane containing a lipid bilayer and long-chain mycolic acids (hydroxylated branched-chain fatty acids) that are covalently linked to the cell wall peptidoglycan via an arabinogalactan network. Found in mycobacteria and related genera (e.g. corynebacteria).


plastid outer membrane

The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the plastid envelope.


interleukin-7 receptor complex

A protein complex that binds interleukin-7 (IL-7) and that consists of, at a minimum, an interleukin, an alpha and a gamma chain as well as optional additional kinase subunits. The alpha chain binds IL-7 with high affinity and subsequently binds the cytokine receptor common gamma chain that forms part of multiple interleukin receptors.


Cdr2 medial cortical node complex

A megadalton-sized complex at the medial cortex organized as an oligomeric core of SAD family protein kinases involved in cell size-dependent localization and phosphorylation of Wee1 during interphase.


epiphysis of fifth metacarpal bone

An epiphysis that is part of a metacarpal bone of digit 5.


methanophenazine reducing hydrogenase complex

A protein complex which catalyzes the conversion of methanophenazine and hydrogen to form dihydromethanophenazine. This typically consists of three polypeptides.


inter-basipterygium joint

Joint that articulates the left and right basipterygium cartilage or bone. Inter-basipterygium joint is unpaired.


ketoxime

Oximes of ketones R2C=NOH (where R =/= H).


multi organ part structure

An multicellular anatomical structure that has subparts of multiple organs as a part.


vertebra 6 - vertebra 7 joint

Joint between the centra, and sometimes the neural arches or parapophyses of vertebra 6 and vertebra 7.


manubriosternal joint

The early union, by hyaline cartilage, of the manubrium and the body of the sternum, which later becomes a symphysial type of joint.


cartilaginous joint

Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by cartilage. Examples: Spheno-occipital synchondrosis, first sternocostal joint, pubic symphysis.[FMA].


tibiofibular joint

A joint that connects the tibia and the fibula.


ventral hypohyal-urohyal joint

Joint that articulates the ventral hypohyal and urohyal bones. Ventral hypohyal-urohyal joint is paired.


dento-alveolar joint

A joint that binds the teeth to the alveolar ridge.


preopercle horizontal limb-symplectic joint

Joint that articulates the posterior edge of the preopercle horizontal limb with the symplectic.


palatomaxillary suture

Line of union, in the floor of the orbit, between the orbital process of the palatine bone and the orbital surface of the maxilla.


dermal neck joint

Dermal articulation between skull and shoulder girdle localized to paired dermal neck-joint between anterior dorsolateral plate (ADL) and paranuchal (PNu) plates in placoderms.


interchondral joint

Interchondral Articulations (articulations of the cartilages of the ribs with each other). The contiguous borders of the sixth, seventh, and eighth, and sometimes those of the ninth and tenth, costal cartilages articulate with each other by small, smooth, oblong facets. Each articulation is enclosed in a thin articular capsule, lined by synovial membrane and strengthened laterally and medially by ligamentous fibers which pass from one cartilage to the other. Sometimes the fifth costal cartilages, more rarely the ninth and tenth, articulate by their lower borders with the adjoining cartilages by small oval facets; more frequently the connection is by a few ligamentous fibers.


mandibular symphysis

A cartilaginous joint that connects left and right mandibles/dentary bones. Mandibular symphysis is unpaired[TAO,modified].


preopercle vertical limb-hyomandibula joint

Joint that articulates the anterior edge of the preopercle vertical limb and the hyomandibula.


lateral ethmoid-frontal joint

Joint that articulates the lateral ethmoid and frontal. lateral ethmoid-frontal joint is paired.


hindlimb joint

A limb joint that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].


inter-frontal joint

Joint between the left and right frontal bone.


transverse palatine suture

The line of junction between the processes of the maxilla and the horizontal parts of the palatine bones that form the hard palate.


hinge joint

A joint that allows motion around an axis.


vertebra 5-vertebra 6 joint

Joint between the centra, and sometimes the neural arches or parapophyses.


parasphenoid-basioccipital joint

Joint that articulates the parasphenoid and basioccipital. Parasphenoid-basioccipital joint is unpaired.


dorsal hypohyal-urohyal joint

Joint that articulates the dorsal hypohyal and urohyal bones. Dorsal hypohyal-urohyal joint is paired.


fibrous joint

Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, gomphosis.[FMA].


ceratohyal-dorsal hypohyal joint

Joint that articulates the ceratohyal and dorsal hypohyal bones. Ceratohyal-dorsal hypohyal joint is paired.


synostosis

Nonsynovial joint in which the articulating bones are connected by bone. Examples: epiphyseal junction, manubriosternal synostosis.


autopalatine-maxillary joint

Joint that articulates the autopalatine cartilage or bone and maxilla.


vertebra 4-vertebra 5 joint

Joint between the centra, and sometimes the neural arches or parapophyses of vertebra 4 and vertebra 5.


intercuneiform joint

The intercuneiform articulations are articulations among the cuneiform bones[WP,unverified].


inter-hypobranchial 3 joint

Joint that articulates the left and right hypobranchial 3 cartilages or bones. Inter-hypobranchial 3 joint is unpaired.


mesethmoid-frontal joint

Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and frontal. Mesethmoid-frontal joint is paired.


epihyal-ceratohyal joint

Joint that articulates the epihyal and ceratohyal bones. Epihyal-ceratohyal joint is paired.


inter-ventral hypohyal joint

Joint that articulates the contralateral ventral hypohyal bones or the contralateral ceratobranchial cartilages. Inter-ventral hypohyal joint is paired.


autopod joint

A limb joint that is part of an autopod [Automatically generated definition].


symphysis

Cartilaginous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by fibrocartilage. Examples: pubic symphysis, intervertebral symphysis, manubriosternal joint.[FMA].


inferior tibiofibular joint

The inferior tibiofibular articulation (tibiofibular syndesmosis) is formed by the rough, convex surface of the medial side of the lower end of the fibula, and a rough concave surface on the lateral side of the tibia. Below, to the extent of about 4 mm. these surfaces are smooth, and covered with cartilage, which is continuous with that of the ankle-joint. The ligaments are: Anterior ligament of the lateral malleolus, Posterior ligament of the lateral malleolus, Inferior transverse ligament of the tibiofibular syndesmosis, Interosseous ligament.


premaxillary-maxillary joint

Joint that articulates the premaxilla and maxilla. Premaxillary-maxillary joint is paired.


suture

Line of junction between two parts immovably connected. Modified from Henderson's Dictionary of Biological Terms.


mesethmoid-lateral ethmoid joint

Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and lateral ethmoid. Mesethmoid-lateral ethmoid joint is paired.


opercle-interopercle joint

Joint that articulates the opercle and interopercle. Opercle-interopercle joint is paired.


pterosphenoid-orbitosphenoid joint

Joint that articulates the pterosphenoid and orbitosphenoid. Pterosphenoid-orbitosphenoid joint is paired.


endoskeletal cranial joint

The braincase of most plesiomorphic sarcopterygians is divided by the intracranial point into ethmosphenoid and otic-occipital portions each covered by dermal bones. The function of the joint is presumably to increase the gape of the mouth rapidly during opening phases. (Forey 1997).


inter-parietal joint

Fibrous joint connecting the parietal bones.


epibranchial 3-pharyngobranchial 4 joint

Joint that articulates the epibranchial 3 cartilage or bone and pharyngobranchial 4 cartilage or bone. Epibranchial 3-pharyngobranchial 4 joint is paired.


inter-coracoid joint

Joint between the right and left coracoid bones of the pectoral girdle.


xiphisternal joint

The xiphisternal joint (or xiphisternal synchondrosis) is a location near the bottom of the sternum, where the body of the sternum and the xiphoid process.


dermal intracranial joint

Hinge in the skull skeleton to allow for kinetic movement of different parts.


xenarthrale

A supplementary intervertebral articulation found in xenarthrans characterized by two sets of zygapophyseal facets in the postdiaphragmatic vertebrae, one medial and one lateral to the met apophysis.


quadrate-hyomandibula joint

Joint that articulates quadrate and hyomandibula bones. Quadrate-hyomandibula joint is paired.


basioccipital-exoccipital joint

Joint that articulates the basioccipital and exoccipital. Basioccipital-exoccipital joint is paired.


limb joint

Any joint that is part of a (free) limb.


autopalatine-vomer joint

Joint that articulates autopalatine and vomer bones. Autopalatine-vomer joint is paired.


interhyal-epihyal joint

Joint that articulates the interhyal and epihyal bones, or interhyal and ceratohyal cartilages. Interhyal-epihyal joint is paired.


hyomandibular-otic region joint

Joint that articulates the hyomandibular cartilage or bone and otic region cartilage or sphenotic bone, and often pterotic bone and prootic bone. Hyomandibular-otic region joint is paired.


joint of girdle

A skeletal joint that is part of a appendage girdle region.


prootic-exoccipital joint

Joint that articulates the prootic and exoccipital. Prootic-exoccipital joint is paired.


syndesmosis

Fibrous joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages of the vertebral column and the limbs as well as articulating ossicles, are connected by skeletal ligaments or membranes. Examples: Intervertebral syndesmosis, inferior tibiofibular joint.[FMA].


quadrate-metapterygoid joint

Joint that articulates quadrate and metapterygoid bones. Quadrate-metapterygoid joint is paired.


nonsynovial joint

Joint in which the articulating bones or cartilages are connected by ligaments or fibrocartilage without an intervening synovial cavity. Examples: sagittal suture, inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis, costochondral joint, pubic symphysis.


superior tibiofibular joint

The superior tibiofibular articulation is an arthrodial joint between the lateral condyle of the tibia and the head of the fibula. The contiguous surfaces of the bones present flat, oval facets covered with cartilage and connected together by an articular capsule and by anterior and posterior ligaments. When the term 'tibiofibular articulation' is used without a modifier, it refers to the superior, and not the inferior tibiofibular articulation.


mesethmoid-nasal joint

Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and nasal. Mesethmoid-nasal joint is paired.


autopalatine-lateral ethmoid joint

Joint that articulates the autopalatine and lateral ethmoid and bones. Autopalatine-lateral ethmoid joint is paired.


preopercle-opercle joint

Joint that articulates the preopercle and opercle. Preopercle-opercle joint is paired.


forelimb joint

A limb joint that is part of a forelimb [Automatically generated definition].


interincisive suture

Median palatine suture of the palatine processes of the maxillary bones, and the median suture of the palatine bones.


hyomandibula-opercle joint

Synovial joint that articulates the hyomandibula and the opercle.


inter-clavicle joint

Joint that articulates left and right clavicles.


palatoethmoidal suture

A line of junction of the orbital process of the palatine bone and the orbital plate of the ethmoid.


ceratohyal-branchiostegal ray joint

Joint that articulates the ceratohyal and branchiostegal ray bones. Ceratohyal-branchiostegal ray joint is paired.


mesethmoid-vomer joint

Joint that articulates the mesethmoid and vomer. Mesethmoid-vomer joint is unpaired.


orbitosphenoid-prootic joint

Joint that articulates orbitosphenoid and prootic bones. Orbitosphenoid-prootic joint is paired.


epibranchial 4-upper pharyngeal toothplate joint

Joint that articulates the epibranchial 4 cartilage or bone and upper pharyngeal toothplate. Epibranchial 4-upper pharyngeal toothplate joint is paired.


articulation

Anatomical structure that connects two or more adjacent skeletal elements or hardened body parts.


inter-premaxillary joint

Joint that articulates the left and right premaxillary bones. Inter-premaxillary joint is unpaired.


shoulder joint

The joint that is formed by the union of the humerus, the scapula (or shoulder blade), and the clavicle (or collarbone). Commonly thought of as a single joint, the shoulder is actually made up of two separate joints - the glenohumeral and acromioclavicular joints.


mixture

A mixture is a chemical substance composed of multiple molecules, at least two of which are of a different kind.


poly(L-lysine) polymer

A poly(lysine) polymer, composed of poly(L-lysine) macromolecules.


poly(D-lysine) polymer

A poly(lysine) polymer, composed of poly(D-lysine) macromolecules.


racemate

A racemate is an equimolar mixture of a pair of enantiomers.


polymer

A polymer is a mixture, which is composed of macromolecules of different kinds and which may be differentiated by composition, length, degree of branching etc..


poly(amide) polymer

A polymer, composed of poly(amide) macromolecules.


diastereoisomeric mixture

A mixture composed of two or more diastereoisomers (stereoisomers not related as mirror images).


anatomical junction

An anatomical structure that connects two structures.


Hrd1p ubiquitin ligase ERAD-M complex

A multiprotein complex that recognizes and ubiquitinates proteins with misfolded membrane domains during ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). In S. cerevisiae, this complex contains the ubiquitin ligase Hrd1p.


Bunina body

Small granular inclusions (about 1-3 microns in diameter) found in the anterior horn cells, and appearing either singly or in a group. Sometimes they are arranged in small beaded chains. Bunina bodies express cystatin C and consist of electron-dense amorphous material that contains tubules or vesicular structures. The amorphous material frequently includes a cytoplasmic island containing neurofilaments and other micro-organelles.


difluorobenzene

Any member of the class of fluorobenzenes containing a mono- or poly-substituted benzene ring carrying two fluorine atoms.


dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase complex

A protein complex which is capable of dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase activity.


hydroxamic acid

A compound, RkE(=O)lNHOH, derived from an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH) (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH with -NHOH, and derivatives thereof. Specific examples of hydroxamic acids are preferably named as N-hydroxy amides.


acetohydroxamic acids

Any hydroxamic acid in which the N-acyl group is specified as acetyl.


tripeptide

Any oligopeptide that consists of three amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages.


distal epiphysis of tibia

A distal epiphysis that is part of a tibia [Automatically generated definition].


other organism cell membrane

The cell membrane of a secondary organism with which the first organism is interacting.


symbiont cell surface

The cell surface of a secondary, endosymbiont organism with which the first organism is interacting. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM15 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha9-beta1 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM15.


tract of brain

An axon tract that is part of a brain.


tract of diencephalon

An axon tract that is part of a diencephalon.


meiotic septin complex

A heterooligomeric septin complex that acts during meiotic cell division.


host cell Golgi membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the host cell Golgi apparatus.


fourth lumbar dorsal root ganglion

The group of nerve cell bodies located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column at the level of the fourth lumbar vertebra.


collagen type XXVIII trimer

A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXVIII) chains.


disaccharide

A compound in which two monosaccharides are joined by a glycosidic bond.


ISGF3 complex

A transcription factor complex that consists of a Stat1-Stat2 heterodimer and the IRF9 protein.


secondary cell wall cellulose synthase complex

A large, multimeric protein complex which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant secondary cell wall. In Arabidopsis, contains the essential component proteins CESA8, CESA7, and CESA4.


cellulose synthase complex

A large, multimeric protein complex, organized in a rosette, which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant cell wall.


primary cell wall cellulose synthase complex

A large, multimeric protein complex which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant primary cell wall. In Arabidopsis, contains the essential component proteins CESA1 and -3, and a CESA6-related protein.


hindlimb nerve

A nerve that is part of a hindlimb [Automatically generated definition].


pedal digit nerve

A nerve that is part of a toe [Automatically generated definition].


saphenous nerve

The largest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve. [WP,unvetted].


pes nerve

A nerve that is part of a foot [Automatically generated definition].


A protein complex that is formed by the association of a heterodimeric interleukin-4 receptor complex with an interleukin-4 molecule.


host cell endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the host cell ER-Golgi intermediate compartment system.


host cell nuclear membrane

Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the host nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space.


host cell nuclear inner membrane

The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the host nuclear envelope.


azamacrocycle

A cyclic macromolecule containing one or more nitrogen atoms in place of carbon either as the divalent group NH for the group CH2 or a single trivalent nitrogen atom for the group CH.


phospholamban complex

A protein complex found as a homopentamer of the phospholamban (PLN) protein in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membrane of cardiomyocytes. Cardiac PLN is a main determinant of muscle contraction and relaxation, by regulating intracellular calcium levels.


respiratory system basal lamina

A basal lamina that is part of a respiratory system [Automatically generated definition].


right caudal basal body

Any ciliary basal body that is part of a right caudal flagellum found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage).


wrist nerve

A nerve that is part of a wrist [Automatically generated definition].


PAS complex

A class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that contains a phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase subunit (Fab1p in yeast; PIKfyve in mammals), a kinase activator, and a phosphatase, and may also contain additional proteins; it is involved in regulating the synthesis and turnover of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate. In mammals the complex is composed of PIKFYVE, FIG4 and VAC14. In yeast it is composed of Atg18p, Fig4p, Fab1p, Vac14p and Vac7p.


CENP-A containing nucleosome

A form of nucleosome located only at the centromere, in which the histone H3 is replaced by the variant form CENP-A (sometimes known as CenH3).


molybdenum-iron nitrogenase complex

An enzyme complex containing a molybdenum-iron cluster found in many species. It is composed of two proteins, dinitrogenase and nitrogenase reductase; dinitrogenase, the molybdenum-iron protein, is tetrameric with an alpha2-beta2 structure, and nitrogenase reductase is a homodimer.


alphav-beta3 integrin-HMGB1 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to high mobility group box 1 protein.


Set3 complex

A histone deacetylase complex that is involved in transcriptional regulation. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of Set3p, Snt1p, Hos4p, Sif2p, Cpr1p, Hos2p, and Hst1p.


cerebral cortex neuropil

A neuropil that is part of a cerebral cortex [Automatically generated definition].


growth cone leading edge

That part of the growth cone which represents the distal part of the structure.


leading edge of axonal growth cone

That part of the axonal growth cone which represents the distal part of the structure.


cholinergic synapse

A synapse that uses acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter.


chloroplast ribosome

A ribosome contained within a chloroplast.


protein storage vacuole membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding a protein storage vacuole.


polyhydroxyalkanoate granule

An inclusion body located in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes that consists of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) molecules and associated proteins, surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer; the proteins include PHA synthase, PHA depolymerase and 3HB-oligomer hydroxylase, phasins (PhaPs), which are thought to be the major structural proteins of the membrane surrounding the inclusion, and the regulator of phasin expression PhaR.


megasome

Large, cysteine proteinase rich lysosomes, often found in the amastigote (an intracytoplasmic, nonflagellated form of the parasite) stage of Leishmania species belonging to the mexicana complex.


cyanelle inner membrane

The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the cyanelle envelope; also faces the cyanelle stroma.


proximal epiphysis of phalanx of manual digit 4

A proximal epiphysis that is part of a manual digit 4 phalanx [Automatically generated definition].


proximal epiphysis of middle phalanx of manual digit 4

A proximal epiphysis that is part of a middle phalanx of manual digit 4 [Automatically generated definition].


proximal epiphysis of proximal phalanx of manual digit 4

A proximal epiphysis that is part of a proximal phalanx of manual digit 4 [Automatically generated definition].


dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase Pmt5p-Pmt3p dimer complex

A protein dimer complex that possesses dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity and, in S. cerevisiae, is composed of Pmt5p-Pmt3p.


enzyme activator complex

A protein complex capable of activating an enzyme. Activating subunits may dissociate from the catalytic unit before the enzyme is active.


actin capping protein of dynactin complex

A heterodimer consisting of alpha and beta subunits that binds to and caps the barbed ends of actin filaments, nucleates the polymerization of actin monomers but does not sever actin filaments, and which is a part of the dynactin complex.


SCF-YLR352W ubiquitin ligase complex

An SCF ubiquitin ligase complex in which the F-box protein is YLR352W in S. cerevisiae.


NOXA-BCL-xl complex

A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of NOXA and BCL-xl, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators.


Cus cation efflux complex

Transmembrane complex that mediates resistance to copper and silver by cation efflux directly from the cell using the proton-motive force. Spans the inner membrane, periplasm, and outer membrane. Primarily activated under anaerobic conditions by CusR and CusS but also expressed under extreme copper stress, in aerobic growth.


plasma membrane respiratory chain complex IV

A part of the respiratory chain located in the plasma membrane, containing the 13 polypeptide subunits of cytochrome c oxidase, including cytochrome a and cytochrome a3. Catalyzes the oxidation of reduced cytochrome c by dioxygen (O2). Examples of this component are found in bacterial species.


cytoplasmic SCF ubiquitin ligase complex

A ubiquitin ligase complex, located in the cytoplasm, in which a cullin from the Cul1 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by a Skp1 adaptor and an F-box protein. SCF complexes are involved in targeting proteins for degradation by the proteasome. The best characterized complexes are those from yeast and mammals (with core subunits named Cdc53/Cul1, Rbx1/Hrt1/Roc1).


inaD signaling complex

A complex of proteins that are involved in phototransduction and attached to the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel. The protein connections are mediated through inaD.


bacterial degradosome

The degradosome is a protein complex playing a key role in mRNA degradation and RNA processing. It includes a RNA helicase, a 3'-5' phosphate-dependent PNPase and a RNase E bound-enolase.


core TFIIH complex portion of holo TFIIH complex

The core TFIIH complex when it is part of the general transcription factor TFIIH.


glomerular endothelium fenestra

A large plasma membrane-lined circular pore that perforates the flattened glomerular endothelium and, unlike those of other fenestrated capillaries, is not spanned by diaphragms; the density and size of glomerular fenestrae account, at least in part, for the high permeability of the glomerular capillary wall to water and small solutes.


collagen type XXVI trimer

A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXVI) chains.


myosin XIII complex

A myosin complex containing one or more class XIII myosin heavy chains and associated light chains.


alpha4-beta1 integrin-CD81 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha4-beta1 integrin complex bound to membrane protein CD81, a member of the tetraspan family.


An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation of hydroxypyruvate and alanine from serine and pyruvate.


succinate-CoA ligase complex (ADP-forming)

A heterodimeric enzyme complex, composed of an alpha and beta chain, most usually found in (but not limited to) bacteria. Functions in the TCA cycle, hydrolyzing succinyl-CoA into succinate and CoA, thereby forming ATP.


alphaV-beta3 integrin-tumstatin complex

A protein complex that consists of an alphaV-beta3 integrin complex bound to tumstatin, the NC1 domain of the alpha3 chain of type IV collagen.


Scc2-Scc4 cohesin loading complex

A eukaryotically conserved heterodimeric protein complex (comprising adherin and the chromatid cohesion factor MAU2/Scc4/Ssl3) required for the loading of a cohesin, complex onto DNA.


Myc-Max complex

A transcription factor complex that consists of a heterodimer of the bHLH-ZIP proteins Myc and Max.


type I interferon receptor complex

A heterodimeric protein complex that binds a type I interferon and transmits the signal across the membrane into the cell. Consists of an alpha subunit (IFNAR1) and a beta subunit (IFNAR2).


decoy receptor complex

A receptor complex that recognizes, binds and sequesters a specific receptor ligand to prevent it from binding to its regular receptor. May be soluble or membrane bound.


U4atac snRNP

A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U4atac, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U4atac snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U4atac snRNA both while the U4atac snRNP is free or assembled into the U4atac/U6atac complex or into a series of spliceosomal complexes.


alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM9 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha9-beta1 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM9.


TRAPPIII protein complex

A complex that functions in anterograde transport at the Golgi and also regulates autophagy. In yeast it includes at least the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33, Trs85. TRAPPIII may include further, as yet undescribed, proteins.


sigma factor antagonist complex

A protein complex which is capable of sigma factor antagonist activity.


A protein complex that functions as a phospholipid-translocating P-Type ATPase.


laminin-5B complex

A laminin complex composed of alpha3B, beta3 and gamma2 polypeptide chains.


Fc-gamma receptor III complex

A protein complex composed of an Fc-gamma RIII alpha chain and an Fc-epsilon RI gamma chain dimer with or without an Fc-epsilon RI beta chain and additional signaling components. The complex functions primarily as an activating receptor for IgG.


alpha6-beta4 integrin-Fyn complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha6-beta4 integrin complex bound to the Src family tyrosine kinase Fyn.


nucleoplasmic THO complex

The THO complex when it is acting as a nuclear complex that is required for transcription elongation through genes containing tandemly repeated DNA sequences. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of four subunits: Hpr1, Tho2, Thp2, and Mft1, while the human complex is composed of 7 subunits.


homodimeric decaprenyl diphosphate synthase complex

A homodimeric complex that possesses di-trans,poly-cis-decaprenylcistransferase activity; involved in ubiquinone biosynthesis.


alpha9-beta1 integrin-tenascin complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha9-beta1 integrin complex bound to the extracellular matrix protein tenascin.


SRF-myogenin-E12 complex

A transcription factor complex that contains the serum response factor (SRF) and the basic helix-loop-helix proteins myogenin and E12, and is involved in activating transcription of muscle-specific genes.


plasma membrane succinate dehydrogenase complex (ubiquinone)

The enzyme, located in the plasma membrane, that catalyzes the oxidation of succinate and ubiquinone to fumarate and ubiquinol; involved in aerobic respiration, repressed in anaerobic respiration.


DnaA-oriC complex

A protein-DNA complex containing the initiator protein DnaA bound to high-affinity recognition sites in the unique origin of replication, oriC. DnaA-oriC binding is the first step in assembly of a bacterial pre-replicative complex (pre-RC) and is responsible for the timely initiation of replication once per cell cycle.


maltose transport complex

Protein complex facilitating ATP-dependent maltose transport through inner cell membrane (periplasm to cytoplasm) in Gram-negative bacteria. In E. coli the system is composed of a periplasmic maltose-binding protein (MBP), two integral membrane proteins, MalF and MalG, and two copies of the cytoplasmic ATP-binding cassette MalK.


A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to osteopontin.


plastid mRNA editing complex

An mRNA editing complex found in a plastid.


TFIIIC-TOP1-SUB1 complex

A protein complex that contains TFIIIC, topoisomerase 1, and Sub1/PC4. Characterized in human, the complex is involved in regulating transcription from RNA polymerase III (Pol III) promoters. Topoisomerase 1 and Sub1 enhance the accuracy of transcription termination, and promote reinitiation by Pol III.


SCF-Cdc4 ubiquitin ligase complex

An SCF ubiquitin ligase complex in which the F-box protein is Cdc4 in S. cerevisiae.


RAD52-ERCC4-ERCC1 complex

A nucleotide-excision repair complex formed by the association of the heterodimeric endonuclease XPF/ERCC4-ERCC1 (Rad1p and Rad10p in S. cerevisiae) with the RAD52 protein.


A protein complex that consists of an alpha4-beta1 integrin complex bound to thrombospondin-2.


nucleolar preribosome

Any complex of pre-rRNAs, ribosomal proteins, and associated proteins formed in the nucleolus during ribosome biogenesis.


collagen type VIII trimer

A collagen heterotrimer containing type VIII alpha chains; [alpha1(VIII)2]alpha2(VIII) and alpha1(VIII)[alpha2(VIII)]2 trimers have been observed; type VIII collagen triple helices associate to form regular hexagonal nets.


1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase complex

A protein complex that catalyzes the transfer of a glucose group from UDP-glucose to a (1->3)-beta-D-glucan chain.


protein-DNA ISRE complex

A protein-DNA complex formed through interaction of the protein(s) with an interferon-stimulated response element (ISRE) in the DNA.


BCOR complex

A protein-containing complex that monoubiquitinates histone H2A on K119, thus it facilitates the maintenance of the transcriptionally repressive state of some genes, such as BCL6. It consists of the corepressor BCOR or BCORL1, a Polycomb group (PcG) and a SCF ubiquitin ligase subcomplexes. In mammals, the core subunits of the complex include the PcG and PcG-associated proteins NSPC1, RING1, RNF2, and RYBP and the components of the SCF ubiquitin ligase, SKP1, and FBXL10.


cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase complex

A protein complex that possesses cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase activity; consists of four polypeptide subunits and associated prosthetic groups.


pre-replicative complex

A protein-DNA complex that forms at the origin of replication during the initial step of DNA replication and allows the origin to become competent, or 'licensed', for replication.


methionine-importing complex

A protein complex which is capable of methionine-importing activity.


contractile vacuole pore

Stable structure that regulates the flow of liquid between the contractile vacuole and the surrounding medium.


DnaB-DnaC-DnaT-PriA-PriC complex

A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC, replication restart proteins DnaT, PriA and PriC, and associated DNA. Involved in the restart of DNA replication after a stalled replication fork has been repaired.


Cbf1-Met4-Met28 complex

A heteromeric complex consisting of Cbf1 and basic leucine zipper (bZIP) containing transcriptional activators, Met4 and Met28, that forms over the sequence TCACGTG in the upstream activating sequence (UAS) of genes involved in sulfur amino acid metabolism, resulting in their transcriptional activation.


homomeric SMAD protein complex

A protein complex composed of a single type of SMAD family proteins. In the absence of Smad4, phosphorylation of R-SMADs results in their homotrimerization. However, these complexes do not appear to import into the nucleus and are assumed to be transcriptionally inactive.


glutamate dehydrogenase complex

A homomeric protein complex that possesses glutamate dehydrogenase activity. This complex is evolutionarily conserved except that the number of homoprotomers per complex varies.


alpha3-beta1 integrin-CD151 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha3-beta1 integrin complex bound to the tetraspanin CD151.


adenylyltransferase complex

A protein complex which is capable of adenylyltransferase activity.


A protein complex that consists of an alpha1-beta1 integrin complex bound to a type VI collagen triple helix containing an alpha3(VI) chain.


cargo receptor complex

Any protein complex that is part of a membrane and which functions as a cargo receptor.


mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase, catalytic core

The hexamer, comprising three alpha and three beta subunits, that possesses the catalytic activity of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase.


molybdopterin cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis adenylyltransferase complex

A heterodimeric protein complex which adenylates two molecules of the sulfur carrier subunit of the molybdopterin (MPT) cofactor synthase using ATP as part of molybdopterin cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis. In E. coli the subunits are MoeB and MoaD; Moco biosynthesis and its constituent molecules are evolutionarily conserved.


A protein complex which is capable of glycerol-3-phosphate-transporting ATPase activity.


interleukin-18 receptor complex

A protein complex that binds interleukin-18; comprises an alpha and a beta subunit.


lipopolysaccharide transport system

A protein-containing complex that functions to transport lipopolysaccharide from its site of synthesis at the cytoplasmic membrane across the periplasm to the outer membrane in an ATP-dependent manner.


RNA polymerase I core factor complex

A RNA polymerase I-specific transcription factor complex that is required for the transcription of rDNA by RNA polymerase I. In yeast the complex consists of Rrn6p, Rrn7p, and Rrn11p.


proton-transporting ATP synthase, central stalk

One of two stalks that connect the catalytic core of the hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase to the membrane-associated Fo proteins; rotates within the catalytic core during catalysis.


integrin alphav-beta1 complex

An integrin complex that comprises one alphav subunit and one beta1 subunit.


alpha6-beta4 integrin-Shc-Grb2 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha6-beta4 integrin complex bound to the adaptor proteins Shc and Grb2.


dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase Pmt1p-Pmt3p dimer complex

A protein dimer complex that possesses dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity and, in S. cerevisiae, is composed of Pmt1p-Pmt3p.


alpha9-beta1 integrin-VEGF-D complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha9-beta1 integrin complex bound to vascular endothelial growth factor D.


A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to thrombospondin.


PSII associated light-harvesting complex II, core complex

The pigment-protein complex primarily associated to PSII in higher plants, green algae and cyanobacteria that directly transfers electrons to the reaction center.


alphav-beta3 integrin-CD47 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to CD47 (also known as IAP).


Noc2p-Noc3p complex

A heterodimer associated with 66S preribosomes; predominantly nucleoplasmic, but also locates to the nucleolus; involved in ribosomal large subunit biogenesis.


chromatin lock complex

A chromatin silencing complex that binds and bridges separate nucleosomal histones resulting in heterochromatin assembly and chromatin looping.


COPII vesicles tethering complex

A protein complex that resides in the cis-golgi membrane and plays a role in the tethering of COPII vesicles, through an interaction with vesicle tethering proteins (p115 in H. Sapiens and Uso1 S. cerevisiae), granting the cis-Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport. It is composed by GRASP65 and GM130 protein in H. sapiens and by Bug1 and Grh1 proteins in S. cerevisiae.


Grb2-Sos complex

A protein complex that contains Grb2 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos (or an ortholog thereof, such as mSos1), and is involved in linking EGFR activation to the p21-Ras pathway.


curli secretion complex

A protein-containing complex that serves as a channel for the secretion of curli. Curli are a fibers that serve as a major component of the extracellular matrix of pellicle biofilms.


ARC complex

A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains members of the Argonaute family of proteins, additional protein subunits, and duplex siRNA; required for heterochromatin assembly and siRNA generation. Possibly involved in the conversion of ds siRNA to ss siRNA.


SCF-YDR131C ubiquitin ligase complex

An SCF ubiquitin ligase complex in which the F-box protein is YDR131C in S. cerevisiae.


cardiac Troponin complex

A complex of accessory proteins (cardiac troponin T, cardiac troponin I and cardiac troponin C) found associated with actin in cardiac muscle thin filaments; involved in calcium regulation important for muscle contraction.


chloroplast proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core CF(1)

The catalytic sector of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the chloroplast thylakoid membrane when the entire ATP synthase is assembled. The chloroplast F0 domain contains three alpha, three beta, one gamma, one delta, and one epsilon subunits.


acid phosphatase complex

A protein complex which is capable of acid phosphatase activity.


caveolar macromolecular signaling complex

A complex composed of proteins required for beta adrenergic receptor activation of protein kinase A. It includes the Cav 12. subunit of L-type calcium channel, protein kinase A regulatory subunit 2(PKAR2), adenyl cyclase, beta-adrenergic receptor, G-alpha-S, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and caveolin 3 (CAV3).


phosphatidylinositol phosphate phosphatase complex

A protein complex which is capable of phosphatidylinositol phosphate phosphatase activity.


high-affinity iron exporter complex

A protein complex which transports ferrous iron (Fe(III) or Fe3+) ions from the vacuole, the main storage component of intracellular free iron, into the cytoplasm in a low iron environment.


endobrevin-SNAP-25-syntaxin-2 complex

A SNARE complex that contains endobrevin (VAMP8), SNAP-25, and syntaxin 2 (or orthologs thereof).


potassium ion-transporting ATPase complex

Protein complex that carries out the reaction: ATP + H2O + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + K+(in). It is a high affinity potassium uptake system. The E. coli complex consists of 4 proteins: KdpA is the potassium ion translocase, KdpB is the ATPase, and KdpC and KdpF seem to be involved in assembly and stabilization of the complex.


multi-eIF complex

A multifactor complex composed of multiple translation initiation factors and the initiatior tRNAiMet, which is ready to bind to the small (40S) ribosome to form the 43S preinitiation complex. In S. cerevisiae, this complex is composed of eIF1, eIF2, eIF3, and eIF5.


laminin-14 complex

A laminin complex composed of alpha4, beta2 and gamma3 polypeptide chains.


U4atac/U6atac snRNP

A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the extensively base paired small nuclear RNAs U4atac and U6atac, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins associated with U4atac, the Lsm2-8 heptameric ring complex associated with U6atac, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U4atac snRNP or U6atac snRNPs, some of which remain associated with the U4atac/U6atac snRNA both while the U4atac snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes.


endobrevin-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a complex

A SNARE complex that contains endobrevin (VAMP8), SNAP-25, and syntaxin 1a (or orthologs thereof).


A protein complex that possesses UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-lysosomal-enzyme N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase activity; the bovine complex contains disulfide-linked homodimers of 166- and 51-kDa subunits and two identical, noncovalently associated 56-kDa subunits.


CARD8 inflammasome complex

An inflammasome complex that consists of CARD8 and CASP1.


A protein complex that contains the cell adhesion molecules protocadherin-alpha-v4 and protocadherin-gamma-a3, and is involved in the regulation of protein localization to the plasma membrane.


nitrogenase complex

An enzyme complex composed of two proteins, dinitrogenase and nitrogenase reductase; dinitrogenase is tetrameric with an alpha2-beta2 structure and nitrogenase reductase is a homodimer, and both are associated with metal ions, which differ between species. Both proteins are required for the enzyme activity of the complex, the formation of oxidized ferredoxin and ammonia from reduced ferredoxin and nitrogen.


ferroxidase complex

A protein complex which is capable of ferroxidase activity.


dimeric ribonuclease P complex

A ribonuclease P complex that contains a single RNA molecule that is necessary and usually sufficient for catalysis, and a single protein molecule. Examples of this complex are found in Bacterial species.


syntaxin-6-syntaxin-16-Vti1a complex

A SNARE complex that contains syntaxin 6, syntaxin 16, and Vti1a (or orthologs thereof).


mitochondrial ribonuclease P complex

A ribonuclease P complex located in the mitochondrion of a eukaryotic cell, where it catalyzes the 5' endonucleolytic cleavage of precursor tRNAs to yield mature tRNAs. The subunit composition of mitochondrial ribonuclease P complexes varies between species. The complex contains a single RNA molecule and a single protein molecule in yeast (PMID:12045094), but comprises three proteins and lacks an RNA component in humans.


TRAIL death-inducing signaling complex

A protein complex formed upon binding of TRAIL to its ligand. The complex includes FADD/Mort1 and procaspase-8 addition to the ligand-bound receptor.


short-chain collagen trimer

Any collagen trimer that does not form fibrils and that is relatively short compared to the collagen trimers that do form fibrils.


procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex, alpha(II) type

A procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex that contains alpha subunits of the type II isoform; its activity is inhibited by poly(L-proline) only at high concentrations.


Holliday junction helicase complex

A DNA helicase complex found at Holliday junctions where the helicase activity is involved in the migration of the junction branch point. The best-characterized example is the E. coli RuvAB complex, in which a hexamer of RuvB subunits possesses helicase activity that is modulated by association with RuvA.


methylthiol:coenzyme M methyltransferase complex

A protein complex of two polypeptides which catalyzes the transfer of methyl group from methylthiol to coenzyme M during methanogenesis.


transcription preinitiation complex

A protein-DNA complex composed of proteins binding promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription.


laminin-9 complex

A laminin complex composed of alpha4, beta2 and gamma1 polypeptide chains.


sucrase-isomaltase complex

A protein complex that possesses oligo-1,6-glucosidase activity; the complex is a heterodimer located in the cell membrane, and is formed by proteolytic cleavage of a single precursor polypeptide. The two subunits have different substrate specificities.


NOXA-BCL-2 complex

A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of NOXA and BCL-2, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators.


H-NS-Cnu complex

A trimeric protein complex containing a H-NS homodimer and a Cnu monomer. In bacteria, this complex negatively regulates transcription of a range of genes.


Cbp3p-Cbp6 complex

A protein complex located at the mitochondrial ribosome tunnel exit that is involved in efficient translation and protein complex assembly.


interleukin-5 receptor complex

A protein complex that binds interleukin-3; comprises an alpha and a beta subunit. The alpha chain is specific to the interleukin-5 receptor, whereas the beta chain is shared with the receptors for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-3.


sulfate adenylyltransferase complex (ATP)

An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation adenylylsulfate from sulfate and ATP.


RNA polymerase V transcription repressor complex

A protein complex, located in the nucleus, that possesses activity that prevents or downregulates transcription from a RNA polymerase V promoter.


A protein complex capable of protein N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity, the addition of nucleotide-activated sugars onto the polypeptide according to reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + protein = UDP + 4-N-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-protein. The complex has different compositions in different species: In mammals it is often a homotrimer, in bacteria a heterotetramer of 2 different subunits.


retroviral intasome

A tetramer of retroviral integrase subunits tightly associated with a pair of viral DNA ends. Functions to insert viral DNA into a host cell chromosome.


PKM2 pyruvate kinase complex

A protein complex capable of pyruvate kinase activity. PKM2 only exists as homotetramer when bound to beta-d-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate (CHEBI:28013).


ecdysone receptor holocomplex

A heterodimeric complex containing the products of the insect genes Ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (usp). Binding of ecdysone promotes association between the two subunits, and the receptor complex then initiates molting and metamorphosis by binding DNA and regulating the transcription of target genes.


alpha6-beta4 integrin-CD9 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha6-beta4 integrin complex bound to the cell surface protein CD9.


plasma membrane-derived thylakoid photosystem II

A protein complex, located in the membrane-derived thylakoid, containing the P680 reaction center. In the light, PSII functions as a water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase, transferring electrons from water to plastoquinone.


myosin VII complex

A myosin complex containing a dimer of class VII myosin heavy chains and associated light chains. Myosin VII (240 kDa) is predicted to be a dimeric molecule with 5 IQ motifs and a tail region with a short stretch of coiled coil followed by two myosin-tail homology (MyTH4) domains, two talin-binding (FERM) domains and an SH3-domain.


translation initiation complex

A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains a ribosome, mRNA, and initiator tRNA; the functional ribosome is at the AUG, with the methionyl/formyl-methionyl-tRNA positioned at the P site.


protein complex involved in cell-cell adhesion

Any protein complex that is capable of carrying out some part of the process of cell-cell adhesion.


inhibin B complex

Heterodimeric hormone composed of an inhibin alpha subunit complexed with an inhibin beta-B subunit.


PTEN phosphatase complex

A phospholipid phosphatase complex that catalyses the hydrolysis of the second messenger PtdIns (3,4,5)P3. Will also dephosphorylate PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns3P, and Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. Dimerization is critical for its lipid phosphatase function.


A protein complex that is involved in the transfer of the second mannose to the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) during GPI precursor assembly. In yeast S. cerevisiae this complex consists of GPI18p and PGA1p.


core primosome complex

A protein-DNA complex containing at least one DNA helicase and one primase. Can also contain associated proteins. The helicase component continues to unwind the double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and the primase component synthesizes a RNA primer during initiation or restart of replication.


A protein complex that consists of an alphaV-beta3 integrin complex bound to the cell surface protein CD47 and the low-affinity immunoglobulin epsilon Fc receptor (FCER2).


STING complex

A protein dimer containing two STING monomers. It binds cyclic purine di-nucleotides. Activation of the sting complex by 2',5'-3'-5'-cyclic GMP-AMP activates nuclear transcription factor kB (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) which then induce transcription of the genes encoding type I IFN and cytokines active in the innate immune response.


EMILIN complex

Glycoprotein complex of the C1q/TNF superfamily found in the extracellular matrix (ECM) where it is an important component of the elastic fiber system. A homotrimer that will combine to form supramolecular EMILIN structures.


Smp focus

A DNA-binding ribonucleoprotein complex that contains a lncRNA complementary to the bound chromosomal locus and is involved in the tethering homologous chromosomes together during chromosome pairing at meiotic prophase I.


eRF1 methyltransferase complex

A protein complex required for the methylation of a glutamine (Gln) residue in the protein release factor eRF1. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of at least Trm112p and Mtq2p.


insulin control element activator complex

Transcription factor complex that binds to the insulin control element (ICE), a DNA sequence element found within the 5'-flanking region of the insulin gene, and activates ICE-mediated transcription.


DNA polymerase V complex

A DNA polymerase complex that contains two UmuD' and one UmuC subunits, and acts in translesion DNA synthesis.


PSI associated light-harvesting complex I, LHCIb subcomplex

A pigment protein complex that forms part of the photosystem I associated light-harvesting complex I; contains two proteins (usually about 20 kDa); has a fluorescence maximum of 730 nm.


mannan polymerase II complex

A complex with alpha-(1->6)-mannosyltransferase activity, located in the cis Golgi membrane; adds mannan to N-linked glycans on proteins as part of the elongation of alpha 1,6-linked Man backbone. In S. cerevisiae, contains Mnn9p, Anp1p, Mnn10p, Mnn11p, and Hoc1p.


endoplasmic reticulum protein-containing complex

A protein complex that is part of an endoplasmic reticulum.


Tpg-containing telomere binding complex

A complex composed of four polypeptides, a telomere-protecting terminal protein (Tpg), a telomere-associated protein (Tap), DNA polymerase (PolA) and topoisomerase I (TopA), that functions in the replication of the telomeric regions of linear chromosomes, plasmids and circular replicons of some bacterial species.


A protein complex that consists of an alpha5-beta1 integrin complex bound to osteopontin.


A protein complex that contains the cell adhesion molecules protocadherin-alpha-v4 and protocadherin-gamma-b4, and is involved in the regulation of protein localization to the plasma membrane.


PAK family kinase-Sog2 complex

A protein kinase complex comprising a conserved PAK/GC/Ste20 family kinase, leucine rich repeat protein Sog2 family, which function as part of the cell shape network.


A transcription factor TFIIIB-beta complex that contains the TATA-binding protein (TBP), B'' and BRF, and is involved in the regulation of transcription from type 2 RNA polymerase III promoters.


Sm-like protein family complex

A protein complex containing members of the Like-Sm family of proteins, which includes both the Sm proteins and the Lsm proteins, and which generally form hexameric or heptameric ring structures which bind to RNA. While some of these ring complexes may form independently of RNA, many only form in association with their target RNA. In addition to Lsm-family proteins, many of these complexes contain additional protein members. Members of this family of complexes include the snRNPs which comprise the majority of the spliceosome. Others are involved in the 5' to 3' degradation pathways of mRNAs in the cytoplasm and of unspliced transcripts in the nucleus, as well as other diverse roles.


plasma membrane fumarate reductase complex

A membrane-bound flavoenzyme complex consisting of four subunits, A, B, C, and D. A and B comprise the membrane-extrinsic catalytic domain and C (InterPro:IPR003510; InterPro:IPR00224) and D (InterPro:IPR003418) link the catalytic centers to the electron-transport chain. In some species, the complex has only three subunits, and in these cases, there is only one membrane anchor instead of two. This family consists of the 13 kDa hydrophobic subunit D. This component may be required to anchor the catalytic components of the fumarate reductase complex to the cytoplasmic membrane. Fumarate reductase couples the reduction of fumarate to succinate to the oxidation of quinol to quinone, in a reaction opposite to that catalyzed by the related complex II of the respiratory chain (succinate dehydrogenase-(ubiquinone)). Examples of this component are found in bacterial species.


acetolactate synthase complex

A dimeric (a large and a small chain) or tetrameric (two large and two small chains) enzyme complex. Catalyzes the formation of acetolactate from pyruvate.


TEAD-YAP complex

A transcription factor complex that is composed of the one DNA binding protein of the TEAD family and the transcriptional coactivator YAP.


collagen type XIX trimer

A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XIX) chains; type XIX collagen triple helices localize to basement membrane zones in differentiating muscle cells.


collagen type XV trimer

A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XV) chains; a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan often found in specialized basement membranes where it bridges between fibrils.


pentameric IgM immunoglobulin complex

A circulating form of IgM consisting of a pentamer of IgM core units with a single J chain polypeptide.


enzyme IIA-maltose transporter complex

A protein complex consisting of the pentameric maltose transporter complex bound to two enzyme IIA (EIIA) molecules. EIIA is a component of the glucose-specific phosphotransferase system that inhibits maltose transport from the periplasm to the cytoplasm. When EIIA-bound, the maltose transporter remains in the open, inward-facing conformation, which prevents binding of maltose-loaded maltose binding protein (MBP) to the transporter.


lysosomal HOPS complex

Any HOPS complex that is part of a lysosomal membrane.


mannan polymerase complex

A protein complex with alpha-(1->6)-mannosyltransferase activity, located in the cis Golgi membrane; adds mannan to N-linked glycans on proteins.


IgA immunoglobulin complex

A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and sometimes complexed with J chain or J chain and secretory component. An IgA immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


Sec62/Sec63 complex

A protein complex involved in the posttranslational targeting of proteins to the ER. In yeast, it is a tetrameric complex consisting of Sec62p, Sec63p, Sec71p and Sec72p.


interleukin-10 receptor complex

A protein complex that binds interleukin-10 (IL-10) and that consists of, at a minimum, a dimeric interleukin, an alpha and a beta chain as well as optional additional kinase subunits. The alpha chain binds IL-10 with high affinity and subsequently binds the common beta receptor chain that forms part of multiple interleukin receptors.


katanin complex

A complex possessing an activity that couples ATP hydrolysis to the severing of microtubules; usually a heterodimer comprising a catalytic subunit (often 60kDa) and a regulatory subunit (often 80 kDa).


subtelomeric heterochromatin

Heterochromatin that is located adjacent to the telomere, and characterized by methylated H3 histone at lysine 9 (H3K9me2/H3K9me3).


alphaV-beta3 integrin-gelsolin complex

A protein complex that consists of an alphaV-beta3 integrin complex bound to gelsolin.


BIM-BCL-xl complex

A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of BIM and BCL-xl, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators.


platelet-derived growth factor receptor-ligand complex

A tetrameric protein complex consisting of two platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor subunits and two PDGF ligand subunits. Binding of the PDGF ligand dimer to the PDGF receptor in the plasma membrane induces receptor dimerization and activation. PDGFs are involved in a wide variety of signaling processes and are found in all vertebrates. At least two different receptor chains (A and B) and four types of ligand chains (A, B, C, and D) are known forming a wide variety of combinations of receptor-ligand complexes.


creatine kinase complex

A protein complex having creatine kinase activity.


ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex, substrate-binding subunit-containing

A complex for the transport of metabolites into the cell, consisting of 5 subunits: two ATP-binding subunits, two membrane spanning subunits, and one substrate-binding subunit. In organisms with two membranes, the substrate-binding protein moves freely in the periplasmic space and joins the other subunits only when bound with substrate. In organisms with only one membrane the substrate-binding protein is tethered to the cytoplasmic membrane and associated with the other subunits. Transport of the substrate across the membrane is driven by the hydrolysis of ATP.


MUB1-RAD6-UBR2 ubiquitin ligase complex

A ubiquitin ligase complex consisting of MUB1, RAD6 and UBR2 components. It ubiquitinates, and targets for destruction, the RPN4 transcription factor, which upregulates the proteasome genes. The binding of MUB1 may position the RPN4 ubiquitylation site proximal to the Ubiquitin-RAD6 thioester and allow the transfer of Ubiquitin from RAD6 to RPN4. One of its components, MUB1, is a short-lived protein ubiquitinated by the UBR2-RAD6 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme.


SUMO ligase complex

A protein ligase complex that enables protein sumoylation. Consists of a SUMO-protein transferase and other proteins that may confer substrate specificity of the complex.


CUE1-UBC7 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme complex

A protein complex capable of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme activity during ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). In S. cerevisiae, UBC7 is the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) and requires binding to the ER surface by CUE1.


Mei2 nuclear dot complex

A ribonucleoprotein complex that forms during meiotic prophase in a fixed position in the horsetail nucleus; contains Mei2 and meiRNA. May play a role in the progression of meiosis I.


FHL2-CREB complex

A protein complex that contains CREB and FHL2, and is involved in transcriptional regulation.


transcription factor TFIIE complex

A transcription factor which in humans consists of a complex of two alpha and two beta chains. Recruits TFIIH to the initiation complex and helps activate both RNA polymerase II and TFIIH.


nitric-oxide synthase complex

A protein complex which is capable of nitric-oxide synthase activity.


Ost-alpha/Ost-beta complex

A heterodimeric protein complex composed of Ost-alpha/SLC51A and Ost-beta/SLC51B subunits and involved in bile acid transport activity.


alphav-beta3 integrin-PKCalpha complex

A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to protein kinase C alpha.


cytosolic proteasome core complex

The core complex of a proteasome located in the cytosol of a cell.


tRNA (m7G46) methyltransferase complex

A protein complex involved in the catalysis of the formation of the modified nucleotide 7-methylguanine (at position 46 in certain tRNAs, such as tRNA(phe) and tRNA(met). In yeast, it is a heterotetramer of two subunits, Trm8 (catalytic) and Trm82 (WD repeat).


cytosolic proteasome regulatory particle, lid subcomplex

The subcomplex of the cytosolic proteasome regulatory particle that forms the peripheral lid, which is added on top of the base subcomplex.


transcription factor AP-1 complex

A heterodimeric transcription factor complex composed of proteins from the c-Fos, c-Jun, activating transcription factor (ATF) or JDP families. The subunits contain a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain that is essential for dimerization and DNA binding. Jun-Fos heterodimers bind preferentially to a heptamer consensus sequence (TPA responsive element (TRE)), whereas Jun-ATF dimers bind the cyclic AMP responsive element (CRE) to regulate transcription of target genes.


dimeric IgA immunoglobulin complex

A protein complex composed of two monomeric IgA immunoglobulin complexes linked through both direct disulfide bonds and through a disulfide binded monomer of J chain acting as a bridge. Each IgA monomer consists of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. Dimeric IgA is sometimes complexed additionally with secretory component, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


decaprenyl diphosphate synthase complex

A complex that possesses di-trans,poly-cis-decaprenylcistransferase activity; involved in ubiquinone biosynthesis.


IscS-IscU complex

A heterotetrameric protein complex involved in the sulfur transfer during iron-sulfur cluster assembly and in the modification of tRNA wobble positions. In E. coli it consisting of a central IscS dimer with the IscU protomers attached to one of the IscS units each via a disulfide (-SSH) group.


alpha4-beta1 integrin-JAM2 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha4-beta1 integrin complex bound to the cell adhesion molecule JAM2.


procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex, alpha(I) type

A procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex that contains alpha subunits of the type I isoform; its activity is readily inhibited by poly(L-proline).


U11 snRNP

A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U11, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U11 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U11 snRNA both while the U11 snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes.


alpha7-beta1 integrin-laminin alpha-2 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha7-beta1 integrin complex bound to laminin alpha-2.


polyphosphate kinase complex

A protein complex that possesses polyphosphate kinase activity.


cytosolic isocitrate dehydrogenase complex (NAD+)

Cytosolic complex that possesses isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity.


alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM12 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha9-beta1 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM12.


gamma-delta T cell receptor complex

A T cell receptor complex in which the TCR heterodimer comprises gamma and delta chains, associated with the CD3 complex; recognizes antigen directly, without a requirement for processing and presentation by an MHC protein.


bacterial pre-replicative complex

A protein-DNA complex that forms at the bacterial oriC during the initial step of DNA replication and allows the origin to become competent, or 'licensed', for replication.


taurine dioxygenase complex

A protein complex capable of catalyzing the conversion of taurine and alpha-ketoglutarate to sulfite, aminoacetaldehyde and succinate under sulfur or cysteine starvation conditions. Its expression is repressed by the presence of sulfate or cysteine. In E. coli it is a homodimer or homotetramer of the protein TauD.


MalFGK2 complex

Protein complex involved in maltose transport through the plasma membrane. In E. coli, the complex is a tetramer and consists of a cytoplasmic ATPase MalK homodimer together with a heterodimeric transmembrane subunit MalF-MalG.


collagen type XVIII trimer

A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XVIII) chains.


fatty acid elongase complex

A tetrameric complex of four different subunits which catalyzes the elongation of a fatty acid chain 2 carbon units at a time in the synthesis of very long chain fatty acids.


high-affinity iron permease complex

A protein complex composed of a multicopper ferroxidase that oxidizes Fe(II) to Fe(III), and a ferric iron permease that transports the produced Fe(III) into the cell. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


alpha4-beta1 integrin-CD82 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha4-beta1 integrin complex bound to membrane protein CD82, a member of the tetraspan family.


extracellular ferritin complex

A ferritin complex located in the extracellular region. Extracellular ferritin complexes contain L (light) chains but few or no H (heavy) chains.


MIM complex

A large mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex that mediates transport of proteins into mitochondrial compartments. MIM constitutes the major integration site for alpha-helical embedded proteins. In yeast, consists oof Mim1 and Mim2.


SCF-Ctf13 ubiquitin ligase complex

An SCF ubiquitin ligase complex in which the F-box protein is Ctf13 in S. cerevisiae.


cysteine synthase complex

Cysteine synthase is a multienzyme complex made up, in E. coli, of the heteromeric hexamer serine acetyltransferase and the homodimer O-acetylserine (thiol)-lyase A.


transcription factor TFIIIC2 complex

A transcription factor complex that forms part of the TFIIIC complex, observed in human; composed of five subunits (GTF3C1/hTFIIIC220/TFIIICalpha, GTF3C2/hTFIIIC110/TFIIICbeta, GTF3C3/hTFIIIC102/TFIIICgamma, GTF3C4/hTFIIIC90/TFIIICdelta and GTF3C5/hTFIIIC63/TFIIICepsilon in human) that together recognize the type 2 RNA polymerase III promoter.


SCF-Ucc1 ubiquitin ligase complex

An SCF ubiquitin ligase complex in which the F-box protein is YLR224W in S. cerevisiae.


myosin IX complex

A myosin complex containing a class IX myosin heavy chain and associated light chains. Myosin IX is monomeric with a motor domain containing an N-terminal extension and an insert in the actin binding interface, followed by four to six IQ motifs and a tail region that contains a zinc binding motif and a domain with homology to GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) of the Rho family of G-proteins.


sodium ion-transporting F-type ATPase complex

A sodium ion-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis by a rotational mechanism.


nuclear protein-containing complex

A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together in the nucleus.


succinate-CoA ligase complex

A heterodimeric enzyme complex, usually composed of an alpha and beta chain. Functions in the TCA cycle, hydrolyzing succinyl-CoA into succinate and CoA, thereby forming ATP or GTP.


collagen type XIII trimer

A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XIII) chains; type XIII collagen triple helices span the plasma membrane.


G protein-coupled receptor homodimeric complex

A protein complex that contains two G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) of the same subtype. Formation of a GPCR homodimer may be important for the transport of newly formed receptors to the cell surface, and the function of the receptor.


silver ion transmembrane transporter complex

A protein complex which is capable of silver ion transmembrane transporter activity.


alphaM-beta2 integrin-CD63 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alphaM-beta2 integrin complex bound to membrane protein CD63, a member of the tetraspan family.


SAM complex

A large complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane that mediates sorting of some imported proteins to the outer membrane and their assembly in the membrane; functions after import of incoming proteins by the mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex.


alphaIIb-beta3 integrin-fibronectin-tissue transglutaminase complex

A protein complex that consists of an alphaIIb-beta3 integrin complex bound to fibronectin and tissue transglutaminase.


SCF-Rcy1/Pof6 ubiquitin ligase complex

An SCF ubiquitin ligase complex in which the F-box protein is Rcy1 in S. cerevisiae (Pof6 in S. pombe).


plasma membrane respiratory chain complex II

A part of the respiratory chain located in the plasma membrane, containing the four polypeptide subunits of succinate dehydrogenase, flavin-adenine dinucleotide and iron-sulfur. Catalyzes the oxidation of succinate by ubiquinone. Connects the TCA cycle with the respiratory chain. Examples of this component are found in bacterial species.


plastid large ribosomal subunit

The larger of the two subunits of a plastid ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation: the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site).


A protein complex that contains the cell adhesion molecules protocadherin-alpha-v7 and protocadherin-gamma-b4, and is involved in the regulation of protein localization to the plasma membrane.


galectin complex

A homodimeric protein complex that is capable of binding a range of carbohydrates and is involved in anti-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic processes.


Complex that catalyzes the synthesis of ADP-glucose and pyrophosphate from glucose-1-phosphate and ATP. In plants, the complex is a heterotetramer composed of two types of subunits (small and large). In bacteria, the enzyme complex is composed of four identical subunits.


IgZ immunoglobulin complex

A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgZ isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. The IgZ isotype is also known as the IgT isotype in certain species of fish.


pre-B cell receptor complex

An immunoglobulin-like complex that is present in at least the plasma membrane of pre-B cells, and that is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains and two surrogate light chains, each composed of the lambda-5 and VpreB proteins, and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins.


nuclear aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex

An aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) complex found in the nucleus; ; consists of ligand-bound AhR and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT).


CoB-CoM heterodisulfide reductase complex

A protein complex that in Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum is composed of six subunits, and in Methanosarcina barkeri contains is composed of either two subunits or nine subunits. Catalyzes the conversion of coenzyme B, coenzyme M, and methanophenazine to form N-{7-[(2-sulfoethyl)dithio]heptanoyl}-3-O-phospho-L-threonine and dihydromethanophenazine.


5-lipoxygenase complex

An nuclear membrane protein complex having arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activity.


DnaA-DnaB-DnaC complex

A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC bound to the DNA-bound DNA replication initiation protein DnaA. Essential for DNA replication initiation.


nuclear pre-replicative complex

A protein-DNA complex assembled at eukaryotic DNA replication origins during late mitosis and G1, allowing the origin to become competent, or 'licensed', for replication. The complex normally includes the origin recognition complex (ORC), Cdc6, Cdt1 and the MiniChromosome Maintenance (Mcm2-7) proteins.


collagen type XVII trimer

A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XVII) chains; type XVII collagen triple helices span the plasma membrane and associate with hemidesmosomes and the basal lamina where they bind laminin.


A protein complex that consists of an alpha5-beta1 integrin complex bound to endostatin, the NC1 domain of the alpha1 chain of type XVIII collagen.


integrin alphaX-beta2 complex

An integrin complex that comprises one alphaX subunit and one beta2 subunit.


photosystem II antenna complex

The antenna complex of photosystem II. A photosystem has two closely linked components, an antenna containing light-absorbing pigments and a reaction center. Each antenna contains one or more light-harvesting complexes (LHCs).


XRCC2-RAD51D complex

A heterodimeric DNA recombinase mediator complex that contains the Rad51 paralogs RAD51D and XRCC2, or orthologs thereof; conserved from fission yeast to human but absent from budding yeast.


PSII associated light-harvesting complex II

Protein-pigment complex associated with photosystem II.


alpha3-beta1 integrin-basigin complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha3-beta1 integrin complex bound to the cell surface protein basigin.


Bam protein complex

Protein complex which is involved in assembly and insertion of beta-barrel proteins into the outer membrane. In E. coli it is composed of BamABCDE, of the outer membrane protein BamA, and four lipoproteins BamB, BamC, BamD and BamE. BamA interacts directly with BamB and the BamCDE subcomplex.


An enzyme complex that catalyzes the reduction of trimethylamine N-oxide to trimethylamine.


PAT complex

A transmembrane protein complex located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) involved in the correct folding of multipass membrane proteins in the ER membrane. In human, the substrate-binding Asterix (PAT10, WDR83OS) forms an obligate heterodimer with CCDC47.


A protein complex that contains two cell adhesion molecules, a protocadherin-alpha and a protocadherin-gamma, and is involved in the regulation of protein localization to the plasma membrane.


plasma membrane proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V1 domain

The V1 domain of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase found in the plasma membrane.


phenylacetyl-CoA 1,2-epoxidase complex

A protein complex capable of catalysing the reaction: phenylacetyl-CoA + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 2-(1,2-epoxy-1,2-dihydrophenyl)acetyl-CoA + H2O + NADP+.


glucose transporter complex

A protein complex facilitating glucose transport into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.


ERMES complex

A protein complex that links the endoplasmic reticulum with mitochondria and may have a role in promoting exchange of calcium and phospholipids between the two organelles.


ProVWX complex

The ProVWX complex belongs to the family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins complexes. It consists of a cytoplasmic ATPase subunit ProV, a transmembrane subunit ProW and a periplasmic binding protein ProX. It is capable of translocating a wide variety of solute (e.g. glycine betaine) across the plasma membrane and is activated under osmotic stress conditions.


CLOCK-BMAL transcription complex

Transcription factor complex which interacts with E-box regulatory elements in target genes, including Period (Per1, Per2, Per3) and Cryptochrome (Cry1, Cry2), to activate their transcription during the daytime. The CRY-PER complexes inhibit CLOCK-BMAL1-driven transcription in a negative feedback loop to generate circadian rhythms.


synaptotagmin-synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-syntaxin-1b-Rab3a-complexin II complex

A SNARE complex that contains synaptotagmin, synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, syntaxin1b, Rab3a, and complexin II (or orthologs thereof).


alpha5-beta1 integrin-LPP3 complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha5-beta1 integrin complex bound to lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase-3.


Doa10p ubiquitin ligase complex

A multiprotein complex that recognizes and ubiquitinates membrane proteins with misfolded cytosolic domains during ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). In S. cerevisiae, this complex contains the ubiquitin ligase Ssm4p/Doa10p.


nuclear proteasome regulatory particle

The regulatory subcomplex of a proteasome located in the nucleus of a cell.


chloroplast proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor CF(o)

All non-F1 subunits of the chloroplast hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral chloroplast thylakoid membrane proteins.


Rpd3S complex

A eukaryotically conserved histone deacetylase complex which deacetylates histones across gene coding regions. Composed of a catalytic histone deacetylase subunit, a chromodomain protein, a SIN3 family co-repressor, and a WD repeat protein (Clr6p, Alp13p, Pst2p, and Prw1p respectively in Schizosaccharomyces; Rpd3p, Sin3p, Ume1p, Rco1p and Eaf3 in Saccharomyces; homologs thereof in other species).


A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, and syntaxin 4 (or orthologs thereof).


BAD-BCL-xl complex

A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of BAD and BCL-xl, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators.


dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase Pmt5p-Pmt2p dimer complex

A protein dimer complex that possesses dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity and, in S. cerevisiae, is composed of Pmt5p-Pmt2p.


myosin phosphatase complex

An enzyme complex that catalyzes the removal of the phosphate group from phosphomyosin. Composed of a PP1 catalytic subunit (PP1c/PPP1CB) and a myosin phosphatase targeting subunit (MYPT1/PPP1R12A).


glutamate synthase complex

A complex that possesses glutamate synthase activity.


sarcosine oxidase complex

A complex consisting of 4 protein subunits as a heterotetramer, that possesses sarcosine oxidase activity.


Shc-Grb2-Sos complex

A protein complex that contains Grb2, the adaptor protein Shc and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos (or an ortholog thereof, such as mSos1), and is involved in linking EGFR activation to the p21-Ras pathway.


BCL-2 complex

A homodimeric protein complex consisting of BCL-2, a member of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators.


ferredoxin hydrogenase complex

An enzyme complex that catalyzes the oxidation of reduced ferredoxin. Hydrogenase contains iron-sulfur clusters, and some contain nickel; it can use molecular hydrogen for the reduction of a variety of substances.


low-density lipoprotein receptor complex

A plasma membrane protein complex capable of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor activity. It may also bind xenobiotic toxins and deliver them into the cell via endocytosis. While most substrates get degraded via the endosome the receptor is recycled to the plasma membrane. It may also act as a transducer of intracellular signal pathways and often acts in corporation with other cell-surface receptors.


A protein complex that contains the cell adhesion molecules protocadherin-alpha-v7 and protocadherin-gamma-a1, and is involved in the regulation of protein localization to the plasma membrane.


mitochondrial creatine kinase complex

An octomeric protein complex having creatine kinase activity.


alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase complex (UDP-forming)

A protein complex that possesses alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming) and trehalose-phosphatase activities, and thus catalyzes two reactions in trehalose biosynthesis. In the complex identified in Saccharomyces, Tps1p has alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming) activity, Tps2p has trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase activity; Tps3p is a regulatory subunit, and an additional subunit, Tsl1p, may be present.


phycobilisome

Any of the granules, approximately 32 nm x 48 nm and consisting of highly aggregated phycobiliproteins, that are attached in arrays to the external face of a thylakoid membrane in algae of the phyla Cyanophyta and Rhodophyta, where they function as light-harvesting devices in photosynthesis. Excitation energy in the phycobilisome flows in the sequence: phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin before passing to the antenna chlorophyll of photosystem II.


Complex that possesses imidazoleglycerol-phosphate synthase activity.


galectin lattice

A non-stoichiometric protein complex formed by several galectins crosslinking glycosylated ligands to form a dynamic lattice. The galectin lattice modulates receptor kinase signaling and the functionality of membrane receptors, by regulating the diffusion, compartmentalization and endocytosis of plasma membrane glycoproteins and glycolipids.


exon-exon junction subcomplex mago-y14

Component of the core exon-exon-junction complex (EJC). Fairly conserved in eukaryotes; in Drosophila, consists of the Mago and Y14 (tsunagi) gene products. Important for coupling nuclear and cytoplasmic events in gene expression. Inhibits the ATPase activity of eIF4AIII (Q9VHS8) to ensure a stable association of the EJC core with the mRNA.


sheet-forming collagen trimer

A protein complex consisting of three collagen chains assembled into a left-handed triple helix. These trimers assemble into a sheet.


DNA methyltransferase complex

A protein complex that possesses DNA methyltransferase activity.


Cdc50p-Drs2p complex

A protein complex that functions as a phospholipid-translocating P-Type ATPase. In budding yeast, this complex consists of Cdc50p and Drs2p proteins, and is involved in the trafficking of transport vesicles between the late Golgi and the early endosome.


procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex, alpha(III) type

A procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex that contains alpha subunits of the type III isoform.


sodium ion-transporting V-type ATPase complex

A sodium ion-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that couples ATP hydrolysis to the transport of sodium ions across a concentration gradient. The complex comprises a membrane sector (V0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (V1) that catalyzes ATP hydrolysis.


Las1 complex

A four subunit complex, that comprises all the necessary RNA processing enzymes (endonuclease, polynucleotide kinase, and exonuclease) to mediate 'cistronic rRNA transcript ITS2 (internal transcribed spacer) cleavage' (GO:0000448).


laminin-6 complex

A laminin complex composed of alpha3, beta1 and gamma1 polypeptide chains.


chloroplast large ribosomal subunit

The large subunit of a ribosome contained within a chloroplast.


cytoplasmic U snRNP body

A ribonucleoprotein complex that can be visualized as a focus in the cytoplasm, and contains uridine-rich small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (U snRNPs) and essential snRNP assembly factors. These U bodies are invariably found in association with P bodies.


interleukin-13 receptor complex

A protein complex that binds interleukin-13; consists of two chains, interleukin-13 receptor alpha1 chain and interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain.


alphaPDGFR-SHP-2 complex

A protein complex that contains the platelet-derived growth factor alpha receptor (alphaPDGFR; PDGFRA) and the adaptor protein SHP-2, and is involved signaling via the PDGFR signaling pathway.


A protein complex that comprises one integrin alphav subunit, one integrin beta5 subunit, and vitronectin.


alpha5-beta1 integrin-fibronectin-tissue transglutaminase complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha5-beta1 integrin complex bound to fibronectin and tissue transglutaminase.


single-stranded DNA-dependent ATP-dependent DNA helicase complex

A protein complex that possesses single-stranded DNA-dependent DNA helicase activity.


TAF4B-containing transcription factor TFIID complex

A transcription factor TFIID complex that contains the TBP-associated factor TAF4B (also known as TAFII105 in human), a cell-type-specific variant of TAF4.


aspartate carbamoyltransferase complex

A multienzyme complex that catalyzes the formation N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate from carbamoyl phosphate and L-aspartate. It exhibits a variety of architectural organizations, but in all microorganisms the core catalytic component is a homotrimer of approximately 34 kDa polypeptides.


CENP-A containing chromatin

The specialized chromatin located in the centromeric core region or the entire centromeric region in organisms with point centromeres, which is enriched for CENP-A-containing nucleosomes. This chromatin forms a 3-dimensional structure which provides a platform for kinetochore assembly and microtubule attachment.


retrograde transporter complex, Golgi to ER

Transporter complex that recognises, binds and returns endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident proteins that have trafficked to Golgi compartments. Targets proteins lacking the HDEL motif recognised by COPI-coated vesicles.


Tapasin-ERp57 complex

Subunit of the MHC class I peptide loading complex (GO:0042824) (=PLC) involved in the assembly of the heavy-chain-beta2-microglobulin dimers of the MHC class I molecules that fold with eight to ten residue peptides in the endoplasmic reticulum. Required for the inhibition of the reduction of the disulfide bonds of the heavy chains and the assembly and stabilization of the PLC, suggesting it may play a structural rather than a catalytic role.


alpha4-beta1 integrin-paxillin complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha4-beta1 integrin complex bound to paxillin.


cytoplasmic origin of replication recognition complex

A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome in the cytoplasm.


collagen type XXII trimer

A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXII) chains; type XXII collagen triple helices acts as a cell adhesion ligand for skin epithelial cells and fibroblasts.


alpha11-beta1 integrin-collagen type I complex

A protein complex that consists of an alpha11-beta1 integrin complex bound to a type I collagen.


sulfurtransferase complex

A protein complex capable of catalyzing the transfer of sulfur atoms from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


alphav-beta3 integrin-collagen alpha3(VI) complex

A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to the alpha3 chain of type VI collagen; the integrin binds most strongly to unfolded collagen.


endonuclease complex

A protein complex which is capable of endonuclease activity.


myosin VIII complex

A myosin complex containing a dimer of class VIII myosin heavy chains and associated light chains. Myosin VIII is predicted to be dimeric, and contain an unusual 100-190 residue N-terminal extension prior to their motor domains, 3-4 IQ motifs, a short region (~70 residues) of predicted alpha-helical coiled coil and a C-terminal domain.


mitotic septin complex

A heterooligomeric septin complex that acts during mitotic cell division.


Rad51B-Rad51C complex

A DNA recombinase mediator complex that contains the Rad51 paralogs RAD51B and RAD51C, or orthologs thereof.


bacterial-type flagellum stator complex

A hetero-hexameric complex of 2 membrane proteins, A and B, with stoichiometry A4B2. The A and B proteins form a channel through which flow the ions that power the bacterial-type flagellum. They form the stator, or nonrotating portion, of the flagellum motor with the B protein apparently attached to the peptidoglycan cell wall. Examples include the H+ driven MotA-MotB stator complex of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica, and the Na+ driven PomA-PomB stator complex of Vibrio and Shewanella species.


EmrE multidrug transporter complex

A transmembrane protein complex capable of transporting positively charged hydrophobic drugs across the plasma membrane thereby involved in conferring resistance to a wide range of toxic compounds (e.g. methyl viologen, ethidium bromide and acriflavine). It is commonly found in bacteria. In E. coli it forms a homodimer.


RNA polymerase I upstream activating factor complex

A complex required for the transcription of rDNA by RNA polymerase I. In yeast the complex consists of Rrrn5p, Rrn9p, Rrn10p, histones H3 and H4, and Uaf30p.