Stage 0 Vulvar Carcinoma

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0.  Tis: Carcinoma in situ (preinvasive carcinoma. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Retention cyst

biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:ThingWithTaxon

A cyst that is formed because of the blockage of the duct of a glandular organ. This results in the retention of the glandular secretions.


Hemolytic disease of fetus OR newborn due to ABO immunization

A condition of the newborn characterized by the destruction of red blood cells initiated by the transmission of anti-A or anti-B antibodies from a mother to the child via the placenta against A or B antigens of the newborn's blood.


Prostate Carcinoma Metastatic in the Soft Tissue

A carcinoma that arises from the prostate gland and has spread to the soft tissues.


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IIIA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: T0-2, N1, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to viscera

A malignant neoplasm which has spread from its original site of growth to any visceral site.


Cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia not associated with cytogenetic abnormalities.


Adenocarcinoma in tubulovillous adenoma

A non-invasive or invasive adenocarcinoma arising from a tubulovillous adenoma.


Orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst

An odontogenic cyst that is entirely or predominantly lined by orthokeratinized stratified squamous epithelium. (WHO 2017)


Breast Solid Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the breast.  It is characterized by the presence of cellular solid nests and trabeculae that contain spindle-shaped, plasmacytoid, and large neuroendocrine cells.


Primary Meningeal Melanocytic Neoplasm

A benign, intermediate, or malignant circumscribed or diffuse neoplasm that arises from melanocytes in the leptomeninges.  It includes meningeal melanocytoma, meningeal melanoma, meningeal melanocytoma of intermediate grade, and meningeal melanocytosis.


Lugano Classification Stage IV Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or noncontiguous extralymphatic organ involvement in conjunction with nodal stage II disease; or any extralymphatic organ involvement in nodal stage III disease. Stage IV includes any involvement of the CSF, bone marrow, liver, or lungs (other than by direct extension in stage IIE disease). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Gastric infection

An acute or chronic infectious process affecting the stomach.


Anal Inflammatory Cloacogenic Polyp

A non-neoplastic polypoid lesion that arises from the anal transitional zone.  It is characterized by the presence of hyperplastic rectal mucosa that is partially covered by squamous or transitional epithelium.


Peritoneal and retroperitoneal disorders

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the peritoneum and/or retroperitoneum.


Recurrent Childhood Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma

The reemergence of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in childhood after a period of remission.


Stage IIB Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIB includes: T2b, Any N, M0. T2b: Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina with parametrial invasion. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Single Ventricle Defect

A diverse group of congenital cardiovascular abnormalities that share one characteristic, the presence of a single functional cardiac ventricle.


Non-Neoplastic Digestive System Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the gastrointestinal tract, anus, liver, biliary system, and pancreas. Representative examples include infections, ulcers, cirrhosis, and diverticulosis.


Second Primary Tumor

A new primary neoplasm that occurs in a person who was previously diagnosed with another primary neoplasm.


Infiltrating Ureter Urothelial Carcinoma with Mixed Differentiation


Metastatic non-small cell carcinoma

Non-small cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Malignant Visual Pathway Neoplasm

A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the visual pathway.


Metastatic Ampulla of Vater Carcinoma

Carcinoma that arises from the ampulla of Vater and has spread to another anatomic site.


Firearm Injury

An injury sustained by a gun.


Sternotomy Scar

Replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue due to a surgical procedure where a vertical inline incision is made along the sternum, after which the sternum itself is divided. (ACC/AHA)


Refractory Histiocytic and Dendritic Cell Neoplasm

A histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasm that does not respond to treatment.


Stage IIC Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IIC includes: T4, N0, M0.  T4: Primary tumor invades bone, muscle, fascia, or cartilage.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th Ed.)


Nail Matrix Nevus

An acral nevus that arises from the nail matrix.


Lugano Classification Stage II Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Pathologic Stage IVA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Epilepsy congenital

A seizure disorder that is present at the time of birth.


Stage IIIA Cervical Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0.  T3a: Tumor involves lower third of vagina, no extension to pelvic wall.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Injury to spleen with open wound into cavity

Trauma to the spleen associated with a break in the tissue that extends into the abdominal cavity.


Appendix Tubulovillous Adenoma

An adenoma arising from the appendix.  It is characterized by the presence of tubular and villous epithelial structures and it is associated with dysplasia.


Favorable Hodgkin Lymphoma

A Hodgkin lymphoma with favorable prognosis.


Unspecified dermatitis due to sun

Inflammation of the skin resulting from exposure to the sun.


Stage III Testicular Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: Any pT/TX, Any N, M1, SX. TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. M1: Testicular cancer with distant metastasis. SX: Marker studies not available or not performed. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Benign Musculoskeletal Neoplasm

A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from muscles or bones.


Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(5;17)(q35;q21)

Acute myeloid leukemia with the variant RARA t(5;17)(q35;q21) and the expression of NPM1-RARA fusion protein.


Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1

Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of koilocytosis and disorganization and thickening of the basal layer.


Localized Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

Digestive system neuroendocrine tumor G1 that is restricted to the site of origin without evidence of metastasis.


Fine motor delay

Delayed acquisition of age appropriate motor milestones that produce small and precise movements.


Recurrent Malignant Endocervical Neoplasm

The reemergence of a malignant neoplasm of the endocervix after a period of remission.


Stage IA Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor AJCC v7

Stage IA includes: T1, M0, Risk factors: low risk.  T1: Tumor confined to uterus.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Sclerodermatous Graft Versus Host Disease

A rare form of chronic graft-versus-host disease characterized by cutaneous features and/or mucocutaneous features including sclerosis, atrophy, and contractures. It may manifest as localized or generalized disease.


Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia-1

A chronic myelomonocytic leukemia characterized by the presence of less than 10 percent blasts in the bone marrow and less than 5 percent blasts in the peripheral blood.


Stage 0 Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage 0 includes: (Tis, N0, M0).  Tis: Carcinoma in situ.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


Differentiated Granulocytic Sarcoma

A granulocytic sarcoma composed of promyelocytes and more mature neutrophils (WHO 2001).


Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis

A rare malignant mesothelioma that arises from the tunica vaginalis.


Celosomy

A developmental abnormality characterized by the complex protrusion of viscera outside the abdominal wall.


Phobia, School

An overwhelming, irrational, and persistent fear of attending school.


Diffuse Mixed-Cell Lymphoma

An antiquated term referring to non-Hodgkin lymphomas with a mixed cellular composition. This term applies to both B- and T- cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.


Agonizing Pain

biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:ThingWithTaxon

A sensation of great anguish and suffering.


Recurrent Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The reemergence of cervical squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


Intrahepatic Bile Duct Microcystic Adenoma

An adenoma that arises from the intrahepatic bile ducts and it is characterized by the presence of microcystic changes.


Refractory WHO Grade 3 Glioma

A WHO grade 3 glioma that is resistant to treatment.


Non-Hematologic Malignancy

A malignant neoplasm that arises from a site other than the bone marrow and lymphoid tissue.


Pathologic Stage II Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: (T2b, N0, M0); (T3a, N0, M0); IIB: (T3b, N0, M0); (T4a, N0, M0); IIC: (T4b, N0, M0). T2b: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T3b: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T4a: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T4b: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IC Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IC includes: T1c, N0, M0. T1c: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor limited to fallopian tubes, with any of the following: surgical spill, capsule ruptured before surgery or tumor on fallopian tube surface, or malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma

A gastric adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma with Small Glands, Tubules or Cords


Unresectable Vulvar Carcinoma

Vulvar carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage I Gastric Cancer AJCC v6

Stage I includes: IA: (T1, N0, M0) and IB: (T1, N1, M0); (Ta/b, N0, M0).  T1: Tumor invades lamina propria or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria or the subserosa.  T2a: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T2b: Tumor invades subserosa.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1 to 6 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 7 to 15 regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Esophageal Mass

An abnormal growth located in the esophagus.


Stage I Ampulla of Vater Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v8

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less and is confined within the sphincter of Oddi. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Neuronevus

An intradermal nevus characterized by the presence of nests of atrophic nevus cells which are hyalinized and resemble nerve bundles.


Late effect of radiation

Late radiation injury (LRI) is the damage to the soft tissue and bone following radiation therapy that occurs weeks and years after the radiation exposure. Pathogenesis of LRI stems from ischemia, interruption of the blood supply and direct cell damage. LRIs include but not limited to the skin atrophy, ulceration and non-healing wounds; cystitis, proctosigmoiditis, resulting to fistulas, abscesses, fibrosis and scaring; laryngitis, osteoradionecrosis; central nervous system injury, optic neuropathy.


MGMT-Unmethylated Glioblastoma

A glioblastoma characterized by the absence of DNA methylation in the promoter region of the MGMT gene. It is associated with a poor outcome.


Benign Peritoneal and Retroperitoneal Neoplasm

A non-metastasizing neoplasm that affects the peritoneum and/or retroperitoneum.


Metastatic Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has metastasized from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Stage IIIA Bladder Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: (T3a, T3b, T4a, N0, M0); (T1-T4a, N1, M0). T1: Tumor invades lamina propria (subepithelial connective tissue). T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades perivesical soft tissue. T3a: Tumor invades perivesical soft tissue, microscopically. T3b: Tumor invades perivesical soft tissue, macroscopically (extravesical mass). T4a: Extravesical tumor invades directly into prostatic stroma, uterus, vagina. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Single regional lymph node metastasis in the true pelvis (perivesical, obturator, internal and external iliac, or sacral lymph node). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Moderate Grade Fever

Body temperature ranging between 102.1 degrees Fahrenheit (39 degrees Celsius) and 103.9 degrees Fahrenheit (39.9 degrees Celsius).


Agoraphobia without history of panic disorder

An anxiety disorder characterized by agoraphobia in the absence of a history of panic attacks; the individual fears incapacitation or humiliation in open, public places or situations due to panic-like symptoms rather than a full-blown panic attack.


Esophageal Glandular Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A lesion in which the architectural and cytologic abnormalities involve either the lower or both the lower and the upper half of the esophageal glandular epithelium.


Cervical Yolk Sac Tumor

A yolk sac tumor that arises from the cervix. Patients present with abnormal vaginal bleeding and a polypoid, friable mass, protruding into the vagina.


Enterovesical Fistula

An abnormal communication between the urinary bladder and the intestine.


Pathologic Stage II Retinoblastoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: pT4, pN0, cM0, Any H. pT4: Evidence of extraocular tumor: tumor at the transected end of the optic nerve, tumor in the meningeal spaces around the optic nerve, full-thickness invasion of the sclera with invasion of the episclera, adjacent adipose tissue, extraocular muscle, bone, conjunctiva, or eyelids. pN0: No lymph node involvement. cM0: No signs or symptoms of intracranial or distant metastasis. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. H0: Normal RB1 alleles in blood tested with demonstrated high-sensitivity assays. H1: Bilateral retinoblastoma, retinoblastoma with an intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (i.e., trilateral retinoblastoma), patient with family history of retinoblastoma, or molecular definition of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Recurrent Urethral Cancer

The reemergence of urethral carcinoma after a period of remission


Neuroendocrine carcinoma, metastatic

A neuroendocrine carcinoma that has metastasized from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Mental disorder in childhood

A category of psychiatric disorders which includes disorders most commonly identified in infancy, childhood, or adolescence.


Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Unclassifiable, with Single Lineage Dysplasia

Myelodysplastic syndrome, unclassifiable characterized by unilineage dysplasia and associated pancytopenia.


Stage I Urethral Cancer AJCC v8

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: For male penile urethra and female urethra: Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue. For prostatic urethra: Tumor invades urethral subepithelial connective tissue immediately underlying the urothelium. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


malignant neoplasm of lacrimal apparatus

A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the lacrimal gland or the lacrimal drainage system.


Recurrent Tectal Glioma

The reemergence of tectal glioma after a period of remission.


Supratentorial Ependymoma, Not Elsewhere Classified

A circumscribed ependymoma that arises from the supratentorial region of the brain, characterized by the absence of a fusion gene involving ZFTA or YAP1 genes.


Systemic disease

A clinical course finding indicating that a disease presents with systemic manifestations.


Secondary Supratentorial Anaplastic Astrocytoma

An anaplastic astrocytoma occurring in the supratentorial area secondary to a preexisting tumor.


neoplasm of corpus callosum

A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the corpus callosum.


Steroid Refractory Graft Versus Host Disease

Graft versus host disease that does not respond to steroid treatment.


Lugano Classification Stage II Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Desmoplastic trichoepithelioma

A benign adnexal tumor occurring in the face of young female subjects. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial neoplastic cells and keratinous cysts in a desmoplastic stroma.


Ampulla of Vater Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the ampulla of Vater and the periampullary region.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells.


Blastic Phase

Sudden increase of the number of blasts in the bone marrow and/or peripheral blood in a patient with a history of chronic leukemia.


Defective Heavy Chain Present

An indication that cells expressing a mutated or defective form of immunoglobulin heavy chain have been detected in a sample.


Locally Advanced Melanoma

Melanoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Familial Paraganglioma

A familial neoplasm arising from paraganglia.  The majority of cases (up to 80%) are multifocal. It is caused by mutations in SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD genes.


Malignant Intracranial Germ Cell Tumor

A malignant germ cell tumor that affects the structures within the cranium.


Central Nervous System Radiation Injury

Radiation injury of the central nervous system.


Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Associated with Urethral Carcinoma

Infiltrating transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder which is associated with the presence of in situ or infiltrating urethral carcinoma.


Flexural Skin Nevus

A benign nevus occurring in the flexural skin.


FIGO Grade 2 Endometrial Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

A primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the endometrium that contains 6-50% non-squamous solid areas.


Acute Placental Infarction

A focus of necrotic placental parenchyma with clearly visible outlines of necrotic villous structures and absence of any hyalinization and fibrosis, which is frequently 1-2 days of duration.


Recurrent Vaginal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The reemergence of vaginal squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


Cerebellar Glioneuronal and Neuronal Tumors

Glioneuronal and neuronal tumors occurring in the cerebellum.


Radiation Induced DNA Damage

Damage to DNA caused by ionizing radiation.  Can cause base change mutations or strand breakage.


Temporal Lobe Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma

A pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma that arises from the temporal lobe of the brain.


Refractory Fallopian Tube Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

Fallopian tube endometrioid adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Intermediate Osteoclastic Giant Cell-Rich Tumor of Bone

A benign but locally aggressive giant cell tumor that arises from the bone.


Stage IB Esophageal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IB includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: (T1, N0, M0, G2-3, Tumor location: Any); (T2-3, N0, M0, G1, GX, Tumor location: Lower, X). T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1.  G2: Moderately differentiated.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus. For adenocarcinoma: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2, GX).  T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated.  G2: Moderately differentiated.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IV Esophageal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G, Tumor location: Any.  For adenocarcinoma: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G. M1: Distant metastasis.  Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Sleep Disorder due to General Medical Condition

A sleep disorder (insomnia, hypersomnia, or parasomnia) for which there is strong physiological evidence that the disorder is etiologically linked to a general medical condition.


Advanced Uterine Corpus Cancer

Uterine corpus cancer that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Localized Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the pancreas and has not spread to other anatomic sites.


Recurrent Malignant Lymphoid Neoplasm

The reemergence of a malignant lymphoid neoplasm after a period of remission.


Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Disseminated

Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting with disseminated disease.


Claudin-Low

A genetic profile indicating low expression of cellular tight junction proteins, including E-cadherin, which is often associated with triple-negative breast cancer and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.


Cutaneous Melanoma of the Extremity

A cutaneous melanoma that arises from the upper or lower extremity.


Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Unclassifiable, With 1 Percent Blasts

Myelodysplastic syndrome, unclassifiable characterized by refractory cytopenia with unilineage dysplasia or refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia but with 1 percent blasts in the peripheral blood.


Fallopian Tube High Grade Serous Adenocarcinoma

A rapidly growing serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by the presence of high grade cytologic features and frequent mitotic figures.


Occipital Diastasis

Birth trauma caused by excessive pressure to the suboccipital region of the skull resulting in separation of the occipital squama from the lateral or condylar parts of the occipital bone. It is a serious injury that may lead to subdural hemorrhage in the posterior fossa.


Adrenocortical hyperplasia

Congenital or acquired hyperplasia of the cells of the adrenal cortex.


Mucocele

A mucous containing cyst arising from the minor salivary glands in the oral cavity.


Vaginal abscess

An abscess that is located in the vagina.


Malignant tumor of optic nerve

A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the optic nerve.


Bacillary Peliosis

An infection that is caused by Bartonella henselae, which occurs primarily in immunocompromised persons; it is characterized by blood-filled cysts in the liver and spleen.


Multifocal nodular oncocytic hyperplasia of salivary gland

A rare lesion characterized by multiple non-neoplastic nodular proliferations composed of cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm (oncocytes) and/or clear cytoplasm (clear cells) in one or both parotid glands. (WHO 2017)


COVID-19-Associated Myalgia

Myalgia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


Stage IIB Bone Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIB includes: T2, N0, M0, G3, G4.  T2: Tumor more than 8 cm in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  G4: Undifferentiated. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Placental Malformation

A non-neoplastic abnormality that affects the placenta. Representative examples include multi-lobed and bilobed placenta.


Childhood Infectious Disorder

An infectious disorder that occurs in childhood.


Acute gonococcal infection, of upper genitourinary tract

A gonococcal infection of the upper urinary tract that is rapid in onset.


Lipidized Glioblastoma

A rare glioblastoma characterized by the presence of a predominant population of neoplastic cells with foamy cytoplasm.


Maternal Sepsis

A pathologic response to infection in a mother or pregnant woman.


Lugano Classification Advanced Stage Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Advanced stage childhood Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages III and IV. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IV Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G.  M1: Distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Chest Wall Mass

An abnormal growth in the chest wall.


Endometrial Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Gastric-Type

A rare mucinous adenocarcinoma arising from gastric metaplasia of the endometrium.


Abnormal Growth Hormone

A laboratory test result which indicates abnormal levels of growth hormone in a biologic specimen.


Adult Anaplastic (Malignant) Meningioma

An anaplastic (malignant) meningioma occurring in adults.


Neonatal Listeriosis

A bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes in a newborn infant up to 28 days old.


Late effect of medical intervention

Any symptom or condition which is a result of a medical intervention but arises months or years after it.


Cutaneous Radiation Injury

Radiation injury of the skin.


Serous papillary cystic tumor of borderline malignancy

A low malignant potential cystic serous epithelial neoplasm arising from the ovary. Cases with identical morphology have been described arising from the peritoneum as well. It is characterized by an atypical epithelial proliferation and a papillary growth pattern. There is no evidence of destructive stromal invasion.


Stage I Appendix Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v8

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Executive dysfunction

Cognitive, emotional, and behavioral difficulties that often occur in conjunction with frontal lobe disorders, including traumatic injury and dementia. It is also a feature of attention deficit disorder and other non-trauma-induced conditions.


Virus-Related Malignant Neoplasm

This category currently includes only malignancies in which there is a well documented association between the neoplastic process and a specific virus as a causative agent.


Low Hemoglobin Level

A lower than average level of hemoglobin in a sample.


Oligometastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that has metastasized to a limited number of sites.


Postpartum Obstetric Air Embolism

Presence of a large air bubble in the maternal vascular system which originated from a distant site during the postpartum period.


Bone Cancer by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of bone cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.


Non-Neoplastic Heart Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the heart and/or the pericardium.  Representative examples include congestive heart disease, endocarditis, and constrictive pericarditis.


Stage IB1 Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma measuring more than 5 mm in depth and equal or less than 4 cm in maximum diameter. (FIGO 2009)


Radiating Chest Pain in Upper Sternum

The location of the radiating chest pain is in the upper portion of the sternum.


Death by strangulation

Choking or arrest of respiration due to occlusion of the air passages; arrest of circulation in a part due to compression.


Precursor T-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia stage III

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm (III), which also may be accompanied by extralymphatic extension in association with adjacent lymph node involvement (IIIE) or by involvement of the spleen (IIIS) or both (IIIE,S).


Low Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A precancerous neoplastic process characterized by the presence of mild dysplastic cytological changes which are usually present in the lower part of the squamous epithelium.  Representative examples include the low grade esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, low grade cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, low grade vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia, and low grade vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia.


Chest Pain Along Right Anterior Axillary Line

The location of the chest pain is along the anterior axillary line on the right side.


Radiating Chest Pain in Mid Sternum

The location of the radiating chest pain is in the middle portion of the sternum.


intestinal type adenocarcinoma of gallbladder

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the gallbladder.  It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic tubular glands lined by columnar cells or neoplastic glands lined by goblet cells.


Stage IA Vulvar Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Lesion measuring 2 cm or less, confined to the vulva and/or perineum, and with stromal invasion of 1.0 mm or less. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Disorder of Androgen Synthesis

An enzyme deficiency in the androgen biosynthesis pathway, resulting in the underproduction of one or more androgens by the adrenal glands and/or gonads.


Stage IIA Osteosarcoma AJCC v7

Stage IIA includes: T1, N0, M0, G3, G4.  T1: Tumor 8 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  G4: Undifferentiated. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage I Prostate Carcinoma

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0, G1.  T1: Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue.  N0: No regional metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well differentiated (slight anaplasia) (Gleason 2-4).  (AJCC 6th ed.)


Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor

A malignant neoplasm of probable fibroblastic derivation. It is characterized by the presence of atypical round to spindle-shaped cells, increased cellularity, necrotic change and high mitotic activity.


Recurrent Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma

The reemergence of dedifferentiated liposarcoma after a period of remission.


Locally Advanced Primary Malignant Central Nervous System Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the central nervous system and has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Injury to diaphragm without mention of open wound into cavity

Trauma to the diaphragm without indication of associated damage to the skin and other internal and external tissues.


Prostate Basal Cell Carcinoma

An invasive prostate carcinoma composed of prostatic basal cells.


Immune-Mediated Coagulopathy

Disorders of coagulation caused by autoantibodies generated against native coagulation factors or therapeutically-administered hemostatic agents.


Mesenteric thrombosis

Formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the lumen of a mesenteric vein or mesenteric artery.


Elevated Catecholamine Metabolites

A finding indicating elevated concentrations of catecholamine metabolites in a biological sample.


Optic Nerve Injuries

Injury to the optic nerve.


Stage IVB Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis including inguinal lymph nodes, lung, liver, bone, or intraperitoneal metastases. Metastases to pelvic or paraaortic lymph nodes, or vagina are excluded. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Stage I Low Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


Breast Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

A well-differentiated, intermediate grade neuroendocrine neoplasm arising from the breast.


Adult Myxopapillary Ependymoma

A myxopapillary ependymoma that occurs during adulthood.


Lugano Classification Stage IE Adult Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage IE: Single extralymphatic site in the absence of nodal involvement (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Diffuse Astrocytoma, IDH-Wildtype

Diffuse astrocytoma lacking mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 genes.


Infectious Meningoencephalitis

Inflammation of the meninges and brain caused by an infectious agent.


Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma, Syncytial Variant


Breast Ductal Hyperplasia

Hyperplasia of the epithelial cells in the breast ducts. It includes the atypical ductal hyperplasia, papillary intraductal hyperplasia, intraductal myoepitheliosis, and ductal hyperplasia of the usual type.


Secondary Parathyroid Gland Hyperplasia

Parathyroid gland hyperplasia that occurs in response to physiological stimuli (e.g., vitamin D deficiency, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia).


High Calcium Level

A higher than average level of calcium in a sample.


Metastatic Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises in the female reproductive system and has spread from its original site of growth to other anatomic sites.


Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumor G3

A well differentiated, high grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the stomach. The Ki-67 index is higher than 20%.


Locally Advanced Esophageal Carcinoma

Esophageal carcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Childhood Anaplastic Ependymoma

An anaplastic ependymoma that occurs during childhood.


Tumor of the Thecoma/Fibroma Group

A sex cord-stromal tumor that arises from the ovary or the testis. Representative examples include fibroma, fibrosarcoma, and thecoma.


Fat adherence syndrome

Violation of Tenon's capsule with prolapse of orbital fat into the sub-Tenon's space.


Stage I Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v7

Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0); IB: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2a, N0, M0).  T1a: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring 1.0 mm or less in thickness, without ulceration and mitosis less than 1/mm2.  T1b: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring 1.0 mm or less in thickness, with ulceration or mitoses equal to or more than 1/mm2. T2a: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring 1.01-2.0 mm in thickness, without ulceration.  N0: No regional lymph node metastases.  M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Locally Advanced Digestive System Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

A digestive system neuroendocrine neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Advanced Non-Functioning Neuroendocrine Tumor

A non-functioning neuroendocrine tumor that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Urethrotrigonitis

Inflammation of both the urethra and the trigone of the urinary bladder.


Lugano Classification Stage III Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm; nodes above the diaphragm with spleen involvement. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage III Ureter Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades beyond muscularis into periureteric fat. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Injury of diaphragm

Trauma to the thoracic diaphragm.


Meningioangiomatosis

A rare vascular malformation in the cerebral cortex and overlying leptomeninges.  It can occur sporadically or in association with neurofibromatosis type 2.


Unresectable Lymphoma

Lymphoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Deletion of the Short Arm of Chromosome 1 (1p) Associated Meningioma

A meningioma that is associated with deletion of chromosomal arm 1p.


Cockade nevus

A rare speckled nevus with concentric pattern of pigmentation and central papule surrounded by clear zone.


Localized Malignant Brain Neoplasm

A malignant brain neoplasm that is confined to a specific site without evidence of spread to other anatomic sites.


DDIT4L Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

A gene expression subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia characterized by its expression level of the DDIT4L gene.


Drug/Toxin-Induced Aplastic Anemia

Bone marrow failure defined as pancytopenia, due to exposure to a known toxin or drug.


Germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder caused by Human herpesvirus 8

A monotypic HHV8-positive lymphoproliferative disorder that usually occurs in HIV-negative individuals. It is characterized by the presence of HHV8-positive plasmablasts partially or completely replacing germinal centers. Coinfection with EBV is characteristic. In most cases, there is a favorable response to chemotherapy or radiation. (WHO 2017)


Unresectable Cervical Adenocarcinoma

Cervical adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


AIDS-Related Diffuse Mixed Cell Lymphoma

A non-Hodgkin lymphoma occurring in HIV-positive patients.  It is composed of a mixture of lymphocytes of various sizes.


Vaginal Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A rare small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the vagina.


Vulvar Cancer by AJCC v6 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of vulvar carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


Adnexal Cribriform Carcinoma

A rare indolent adnexal carcinoma with a cribriform pattern.


Pancreatic Poorly Cohesive Adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the pancreas and is characterized by the presence of isolated malignant cells or malignant cells that form small aggregates.


Columnar Cell Change of the Breast

A columnar cell lesion characterized by the presence of enlarged terminal ductal lobular units with dilated acini.  The acini are lined by one or two layers of columnar epithelial cells.  Apical cytoplasmic snouts may be present, but they are not prominent.  Secretions may be present in the lumina of the dilated acini.


Locally Advanced Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

Digestive system neuroendocrine tumor G1 that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Recurrent Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Appendix Carcinoma by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of appendiceal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition. Carcinoid tumors are staged separately. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Extra Lumbar Vertebra

A congenital anomaly of the spine, where an extra or supernumerary lumbar vertebra arises from below the 5th lumbar vertebra.


Stage IB1 Cervical Cancer

Stage IB1 includes: T1b1, N0, M0.  T1b1: Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Stage III Bone Cancer AJCC v7

Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0, G3, G4. T3: Tumor more than 8 cm in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  G4: Undifferentiated. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Deficiency of reductase

A deficiency in an enzyme that promotes reduction of an organic compound.


Stage IV Extragonadal Non-Seminomatous Germ Cell Tumor


Transient hyperinsulinism that occurs in response to neonatal stress resulting in prolonged neonatal hypoglycemia, which is distinct from transitional hypoglycemia of typical infants.


Acute Myeloid Leukemia Arising from Previous Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Neoplasm

An acute myeloid leukemia developing in patients with a prior history of myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm.


Lacrimal Drainage System Melanoma

An extremely rare melanoma that arises from the lacrimal drainage system.


Metallosis

Aseptic fibrosis or local necrosis secondary to metal corrosion and release of wear debris.


AIDS-Related Malignant Neoplasm

Malignant neoplasms that develop in HIV infected patients.  The most common AIDS-related malignant neoplasms are Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, anal carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma.


Unresectable Acral Lentiginous Melanoma

Acral lentiginous melanoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Locally Advanced Vaginal Carcinoma

Vaginal carcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Cervical Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of cervical cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


Disseminated Juvenile Xanthogranuloma

Juvenile xanthogranuloma disseminated to extracutaneous sites including mucosal surfaces, lung, central nervous system, pituitary, lymph nodes, eye, liver, and bone marrow. It is characterized by the presence of lipid-laden, foamy histiocytes and Touton-type giant cells forming nodules in the affected anatomic sites.


Stage II Anal Canal Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage II includes: (T2, N0, M0); (T3,N0, M0).  T2: Tumor more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm in greatest dimension.  T3: Tumor more than 5 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to stomach

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the stomach from another organ or system, or from another primary gastric tumor. The primary gastric tumor is not in continuity with the metastatic lesion.  Representative examples of metastatic malignant neoplasms to the stomach include breast, lung, and esophageal metastatic carcinomas and melanomas.


Small cell glioblastoma

A morphologic variant of glioblastoma characterized by the presence of a highly proliferative and monotonous population of malignant small glial cells.


Acquired Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, the cause of which is not present from birth.


Metastatic Urethral Urothelial Carcinoma

Urethral urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site.


Childhood Lymphoma by AJCC v8 Stage

Staging systems for Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas of childhood. Different systems are used for Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma of childhood. Staging of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma is the same as for the adult counterpart and is based on the Lugano classification criteria. The Ann Arbor staging system has been found to be inappropriate for staging of the non-Hodgkin lymphomas of childhood. The St. Jude staging system has been widely accepted and remains the recommended staging system for non-Hodgkin lymphomas of childhood. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy

Partial or complete paralysis of the hypoglossal nerve.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to extrahepatic bile ducts

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the extrahepatic bile ducts from another anatomic site.  Representative examples include metastatic melanoma and metastatic breast and gastric carcinomas.


Cutaneous epithelioid angiomatoid nodule

A distinctive benign cutaneous vascular proliferation with prominent epithelioid morphology. It appears to be reactive. (WHO 2018)


Stage IIIC Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IIIC includes: IIIC1: TX, T0, T1-3, N1, M0; IIIC2: TX, T0, T1-3, N2, M0. TX: Primary tumor cannot be assessed. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor strictly confined to the cervix (extension to corpus should be disregarded). T2: Tumor invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina. T3: Tumor extending to pelvic sidewall and/or involving the lower third of vagina, and/or causing hydronephrosis or nonfunctioning kidney. The pelvic sidewall is defined as the muscle, fascia, neurovascular structures, and skeletal portions of the bony pelvis. Cases with no cancer-free space between the tumor and pelvic wall by rectal examination are FIGO III. N1: Tumor with regional lymph node metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes only. N2: Tumor with regional lymph node metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes with or without positive pelvic lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Cervical Microglandular Hyperplasia

A benign endocervical gland proliferation characterized by the presence of closely packed glands composed of columnar to cuboidal cells with subnuclear mucin vacuoles. It is associated with progestins or pregnancy.


Extrahepatic Bile Duct Neuroendocrine Tumor G3

A well differentiated, high grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the extrahepatic bile ducts. The Ki-67 index is higher than 20%.


Ampulla of Vater Somatostatin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor

A well differentiated neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the ampulla of Vater and the periampullary region.  It produces somatostatin.


Recurrent Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

The reemergence of adenoid cystic carcinoma after a period of remission.


Locally Advanced Cervical Carcinoma

A cervical carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Unresectable Plexiform Neurofibroma

Plexiform neurofibroma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Prostate Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of prostate cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the prostate gland. It does not apply to sarcomas, urothelial cell carcinomas, and urothelial carcinoma of bladder involving prostate. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Advanced Transitional Cell Carcinoma

Transitional cell carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Infection

The invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents and their multiplication, as well as the reaction by the host to these organisms and/or toxins that the organisms produce.


Refractory Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Dermatitis

Dermatitis associated with the therapeutic use of an immune checkpoint inhibitor.


Benign Supratentorial Neoplasms

A primary, noninvasive, slow growing neoplasm of the brain that occurs above the cerebellar tentorium.  Representative examples include craniopharyngioma, meningioma and pituitary adenoma.


Desmoplastic Myxoid Tumor of the Pineal Region, SMARCB1-Mutant

A SMARCB1-deficient tumor of the brain arising in the pineal region. It is characterized by the presence of spindled and epithelioid cells with low-grade morphology that are embedded in a desmoplastic stroma alternating with various extents of loose myxoid matrix.


Death by electrocution

The passage of electrical current through the body.


Platinum-Resistant Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm

A malignant female reproductive system neoplasm that progresses between one and six months of completing the last platinum therapy.


Lymphomatoid Papulosis with DUSP22-IRF4 Gene Rearrangement

A variant of lymphomatoid papulosis associated with chromosomal rearrangements involving the DUSP22-IRF4 locus at 6p25.3.


Stage IIB Cervical Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IIB includes: T2b, N0, M0.  T2b: Tumor with parametrial invasion.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Recurrent Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive

The reemergence of chronic myelogenous leukemia after a period of remission.


Mass lesion of brain

A benign or malignant solid pathologic process involving the brain and/or the meninges.


Disorder of AMH

Abnormally high or low anti-Müllerian hormone levels.


Squamous cell carcinoma with horn formation

A keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of horn pearls. Representative examples include squamous cell carcinomas of the face presenting as a cutaneous horn.


Hamartoma of brain

A hamartoma that occurs in the brain.


Congenital Reproductive System Abnormality

A disorder that affects the female or male reproductive system and is present at birth. Representative examples include ovarian agenesis, vaginal agenesis, and penile agenesis.


Secondary Central Nervous System Hodgkin Lymphoma

A Hodgkin lymphoma that has spread to the central nervous system following the initial presentation in another nodal or extranodal site.


Refractory Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm

A primary central nervous system neoplasm that is resistant to treatment.


Prostate Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Solid Pattern

A prostate ductal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of cribriform and/or papillary patterns and areas of solid nests of malignant cells.


Parapharyngeal abscess

An abscess that develops in the soft tissues of the lateral pharyngeal space.


Locally Advanced Ocular Melanoma

Ocular melanoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues.


Chest Pain in Left Fifth Intercostal Space

The location of the chest pain is within the fifth intercostal space on the left side.


Refractory Malignant Leptomeningeal Neoplasm

Malignant leptomeningeal neoplasm that is resistant to treatment.


Bone Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of appendicular skeleton, trunk, skull, and facial bones cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system applies to osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, spindle cell sarcoma, hemangioendothelioma, angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma/myofibroid sarcoma, chordoma, adamantinoma, and other cancers arising in the bone. It does not apply to primary malignant lymphoma of the bone and multiple myeloma. There are no AJCC prognostic stage groupings for spine and pelvis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Intraoperative Musculoskeletal Injury

Damage to any part of the musculoskeletal system during a surgical procedure.


Lugano Classification Stage IV Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or noncontiguous extralymphatic organ involvement in conjunction with nodal stage II disease; or any extralymphatic organ involvement in nodal stage III disease. Stage IV includes any involvement of the bone marrow, liver, or lungs (other than by direct extension in stage IIE disease). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Low Grade Fallopian Tube Serous Adenocarcinoma

A slow-growing serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by the presence of low grade cytologic features and infrequent mitotic figures.


Pharmacokinetic Effect Consequences

The outcome that results from chemical interactions between a drug and another drug or food.


Ivory Exostosis

An osteoma that develops on the surface of the bone.


Recurrent Low Grade Fallopian Tube Serous Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of low grade fallopian tube serous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Decreased Drug AUC

Decreased area under the plot of plasma concentration of a drug against time after drug administration.


Minimal Deviation Melanoma

A melanocytic neoplasm displaying morphologic features that are intermediate between those of benign nevus and melanoma.  It is characterized by a nodular architectural growth resembling a melanoma, and a loss of nevus cell maturation.  The melanocytic cells forming the nodular growth are uniform, and they may display a high mitotic rate, but they do not show cytologic atypia.


Benign Adult Cerebral Neoplasm

A benign neoplasm of the cerebrum occurring in adults.


Stage IIA2 Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina and measuring more than 4 cm in diameter. (FIGO 2009)


Prostate Acinar Adenocarcinoma, Pleomorphic Giant Cell Variant

An extremely rare variant of acinar prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of giant, bizarre anaplastic cells with pleomorphic nuclei and lack of a spindle cell component.


FIGO Stage IVA Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor


Cusp tear

A split located on a leaflet of a heart valve that prevents its complete closing, which can result in valvular dysfunction.


Papillary squamous cell carcinoma, non-invasive

A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary, exophytic growth pattern, hyperkeratosis, and absence of invasion of adjacent tissues.


Ampullary Noninvasive Pancreatobiliary Papillary Neoplasm with Low Grade Dysplasia

An ampullary noninvasive papillary neoplasm of the pancreatobiliary type characterized by the presence of low grade dysplasia.


Refractory Neoplastic Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

Neoplastic post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder that is resistant to treatment.


AHL Amyloidosis

An extremely rare type of amyloidosis characterized by the monoclonal deposition of immunoglobulin heavy chain and light chain fragments in organs and tissues.


Bone Rosai-Dorfman Disease

Rosai-Dorfman disease affecting the bone.


Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Related to Birth

Bleeding within the subarachnoid space occurring during labor and/or delivery.


Unresectable Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

Digestive system neuroendocrine tumor G1 that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Neoplasm, malignant, uncertain whether primary or metastatic

A malignant neoplasm in which the examined tissue can not be determined with certainty if it represents the primary site of tumor growth or tumor spread from another anatomic site.


Non-Neoplastic Brain Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the brain. Representative examples include cerebrovascular disorder, hydrocephalus, and encephalitis.


Stage II Bone Sarcoma AJCC v7

Stage II includes: IIA (T1, N0, M0, G3, G4); IIB (T2, N0, M0, G3, G4).  T1: Tumor 8 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T2: Tumor more than 8 cm in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  G4: Undifferentiated. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Unresectable Urethral Urothelial Carcinoma

Urethral urothelial carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage I Appendix Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v7

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Florid Follicular Hyperplasia Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

An early lesion of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder with the morphologic appearance of florid follicular hyperplasia.


Migrainous infarction

Migraine associated with an ischemic brain lesion.


Malignant Hair Follicle Neoplasm

A neoplasm that arises from the hair follicle and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.


Pathologic Stage IIIB Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: T1-4, N1b-3, M0. T1: Maximum clinical tumor diameter equal to or less than 2 cm. T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. N1b: Clinically and/or radiologically detected regional lymph node metastasis, microscopically confirmed. N2: In-transit metastasis (discontinuous from primary tumor; located between primary tumor and draining regional nodal basin, or distal to the primary tumor) without lymph node metastasis. N3: In-transit metastasis (discontinuous from primary tumor; located between primary tumor and draining regional nodal basin, or distal to the primary tumor) with lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Acute promyelocytic leukemia - hypogranular variant

Acute promyelocytic leukemia in which the promyelocytes in the peripheral blood have paucity or absence of cytoplasmic granules and characteristic bilobed nuclei.


Prostate Acinar Adenocarcinoma, Oncocytic Variant

A variant of acinar prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant large cells with granular eosinophilic cytoplasm.


Meningeal Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive

Infiltration of the meninges by chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.


Stage IV Ampulla of Vater Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Congenital listeriosis

A bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes that is present at birth.


Contact dermatitis due to alkali

Contact dermatitis caused by exposure to alkalis.


Adult Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma

A B-or T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of a diffuse large cell lymphocytic infiltrate occurring in adults.


Aplastic anemia due to radiation

Aplastic anemia caused by excessive absorption of radiation by the bone marrow.


Atypical Neurofibromatous Neoplasm of Uncertain Biologic Potential

A premalignant neurofibromatous neoplasm characterized by the presence of at least two of the following features: cytologic atypia, hypercellularity, less than 3 mitotic figures per 10 HPFs, and loss of neurofibroma architecture. It is associated with an increased risk of progression to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.


Leukemia, Radiation-Induced

Leukemia that is caused by radiation.


Congenital anomaly of lens

Any anatomic abnormality or physiologic dysfunction of the lens of the eye that is present at the time of birth.


Average Body Weight Gain

The mean value of the amount of weight gained over a period of time.


Stage IIIB Esophageal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIB includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: T3, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus. For adenocarcinoma: T3, N2, M0, Any G. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Brief depressive adjustment reaction

Temporary maladaptive depressive signs and symptoms associated with a life event.


Epithelioid glioblastoma

An IDH-wildtype glioblastoma characterized by the presence of large epithelioid cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, vesicular chromatin, and prominent nucleoli.


Arsenical keratosis

A hyperkeratotic skin lesion that occurs in patients who have been exposed to arsenic.


Radiating Chest Pain to Other Location

An indication that the chest pain radiates to a location other than those listed.


Stage I Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm AJCC v8

Stage I includes: T1, M0. T1: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm in which the tumor is confined to uterus. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Round Cell Sarcoma with EWSR1-PATZ1 Gene Fusion

A group of rare round and spindle cell sarcomas characterized by the presence of EWSR1-PATZ1 gene fusion.


Unresectable Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

Neuroendocrine carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Uterine Ligament Ependymoma

A rare neoplasm that arises from the broad or other uterine ligaments and shows ependymal differentiation.


Composite Gangliocytoma/Neuroma and Neuroendocrine Tumor

A usually indolent neuroendocrine neoplasm that almost exclusively arises in the second part of the duodenum. Rare sites of involvement include jejunum, pylorus, appendix, thymus, and lung. It is a triphasic tumor consisting of a mixture of epithelioid neuroendocrine cells, Schwann-like cells, and ganglion cell-like elements.


Stage 0 Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

Stage 0 includes: Tis (HGD), N0, M0, G1,GX.  Tis: High-grade dysplasia.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Squamous Hyperplasia

A hyperplasia of the squamous epithelial cells.


Dry Desquamation

A skin reaction characterized by scaling and pruritus.


Malignant Neoplasm of Lung - Multiple Primary Sites

Lung cancer comprising malignant neoplasms from two or more sites, as determined by clinicoopathological assessment.


Epigastric hernia

Protrusion of abdominal cavity contents or pre-peritoneal fat through the abdominal wall between the umbilicus and the xiphoid process.


Lacrimal Gland Warthin Tumor

A rare benign tumor that arises from the lacrimal gland. It is characterized by an oncocytic epithelial component and dense lymphoid stroma.


Benign Dermal Neoplasm

A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the dermis.


Cutaneous Melanoma by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of cutaneous melanoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.


Advanced Favorable Hodgkin Lymphoma

An advanced Hodgkin lymphoma with favorable prognosis.


Non-Neoplastic Pleural Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the pleura.  Representative examples include pleural infection and pneumothorax.


Trigeminal nerve palsy

Partial or complete paralysis of the trigeminal nerve.


Abnormal Cardiac Study

A history of having had an abnormal cardiac study.


Overt Stroke

A cerebral infarction that is evident by new neurological symptoms lasting greater than 24 hours or having an area of diffusion restriction or a T2 or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintensity on an MRI of the brain that was consistent with the neurological findings.


Placental Site Nodule and Plaque Occurring in the Fallopian Tube

A rare non-neoplastic trophoblastic disorder characterized by the presence of remnants of intermediate trophoblasts in the fallopian tube from a previous pregnancy.


Locally Advanced Pancreatic Carcinoma

A pancreatic carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Childhood Acute Erythroid Leukemia

An acute erythroid leukemia occurring in children.


Verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity stage I


Refractory Endometrial Serous Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial serous adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Lacrimal Drainage System Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the lacrimal sac. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that form cribriform, tubular, and solid patterns.


Recurrent Endometrial Dedifferentiated Carcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial dedifferentiated carcinoma after a period of remission.


Benign Adult Brain Neoplasm

A benign neoplasm of the brain occurring in adults.


Metastatic Prostate Adenocarcinoma with Neuroendocrine Differentiation

Prostate adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Perforation

A hole or opening made through a membrane or other tissue or material.


Metastatic Platinum-Resistant Malignant Germ Cell Tumor

A platinum-resistant malignant germ cell tumor that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Adnexal Adenocarcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified

An adnexal carcinoma with ductal/glandular differentiation lacking specific histological features that would allow further classification. (WHO 2018)


A hematologic malignancy that arises in a patient with a history of organ transplantation.


Recurrent Endometrial Cancer

The reemergence of endometrial carcinoma after a period of remission.


Complex endometrial hyperplasia without atypia

A hyperplasia characterized by excessive proliferation of endometrial cells, resulting in the formation of complex epithelial structures. Epithelial atypia is absent.


Adenoid cystic carcinoma metastatic

An adenoid cystic carcinoma that has spread from the original site of growth to other anatomic sites.


Epstein-Barr virus infection recurrent

An Epstein-Barr virus infection that has recurred after a period of remission.


Cervical myelocele

Herniation of spinal cord tissue and meninges through a defect in the cervical region of the vertebral column. The protrusion of the tissue is flush with the level of the skin surface.


Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm in the Lacrimal System

A malignant neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to the lacrimal gland or lacrimal drainage system.


Nutritional Hypophosphatemic Rickets

Hypophosphatemic rickets due to insufficient dietary phosphate intake or absorption.


Hyperlipasaemia

A laboratory test result which indicates increased levels of lipase in a biologic specimen.


Adult Intracranial Germ Cell Tumor

A germ cell tumor that arises within the cranium and occurs during adulthood.


Basal-Like Prostate Carcinoma

Prostate carcinoma in which the CD49f signature is increased, the luminal markers and androgen receptor expression and signaling (androgen activity pathway) are not increased, and the proliferation score is higher than the luminal A prostate carcinoma.


Stage II Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v7

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0.  T2: Tumor invades perimuscular connective tissue; no extension beyond serosa or into liver.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Gestational diabetes mellitus class A2

Carbohydrate intolerance first diagnosed during pregnancy. Diagnosis from abnormal oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and abnormal fasting or post-prandial glucose levels. Euglycemia achieved with medication.


Stage II Intermediate Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


Stage IIIA Uterine Corpus Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor involving the serosa and/or adnexa (direct extension or metastasis). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Unresectable Digestive System Carcinoma

Digestive system carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Refractory Childhood Malignant Neoplasm

A childhood malignant neoplasm that does not respond to treatment.


Cutaneous Melanoma by AJCC v8 Pathologic Stage

A term that refers to the pathologic staging of cutaneous melanoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.


Current EBV Infection

Epstein-Barr virus infection is evident at the time of testing.


Infection pyogenic

An infection caused by pus-producing organisms.


Vasculitic ulcer

A circumscribed inflammatory lesion associated with underlying ischemic disease.


Third degree uterine prolapse

The uterus has descended below the level of the hymen and protrudes through the opening of the vagina.


Stage III Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage III includes: T4, Any N, M0. T4: Tumor involves the celiac axis or the superior mesenteric artery.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


Adverse event

Any unfavorable or unintended disease, sign, or symptom (including an abnormal laboratory finding) that is temporally associated with the use of a medical treatment or procedure, and that may or may not be considered related to the medical treatment or procedure. Such events can be related to the intervention, dose, route of administration, patient, or caused by an interaction with another drug(s) or procedure(s).


Recurrent Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Multilineage Dysplasia

The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia with multilineage dysplasia after a period of remission.


Stage IVB Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b, G2, G3, or GX. M1b: Intraperitoneal metastasis only, including peritoneal mucinous deposits containing tumor cells. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed.  (AJCC 8th ed.)


Metastatic Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site.


Non-Neoplastic Trigeminal Nerve Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder affecting the trigeminal nerve.


Serum Soluble Fas Ligand Level Increased

An indication that the concentration of soluble Fas ligand in a sample has increased when compared to a normal baseline or a previous sample measurement.


Unresectable Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor

A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Edema Trunk

Swelling due to an excessive accumulation of fluid in trunk area.


Pelvic Floor Disorders

A disorder affecting the muscles of the pelvic floor.


FIGO Stage IV Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor

Gestational trophoblastic tumor in all other metastatic sites.


Enteric campylobacteriosis

A gastrointestinal infection attributed to the bacteria campylobacter. It is usually contracted by consuming raw or undercooked poultry or consuming a food that has been in contact with raw poultry. It is characterized by abdominal pain, fever, and  diarrhea and usually resolves in two to five days.


Focal KATP-Associated Hyperinsulinism

KATP-associated hyperinsulinism in which there is an area of adenomatous beta-cell hyperplasia. This condition results from paternal recessive mutation(s) in either the ABCC8 or the KCNJ11 gene and paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome region 11p15 with loss of tumor suppressor genes expressed from the maternally inherited chromosome.


Locally Advanced High Grade Sarcoma

High grade sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Benign Childhood Central Nervous System Neoplasm

A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the central nervous system during childhood.


Stage II Non-Contiguous Adult Diffuse Small Cleaved Cell Lymphoma

Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II) or localized involvement of a single associated extralymphatic organ or site and its regional lymph nodes with or without other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE). Note: The number of lymph node regions involved may be indicated by a subscript (e.g., II3). (from PDQ)


FIGO Stage IIIB Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor


Rhinovirus infection

An infectious process caused by rhinovirus. The virus usually causes upper respiratory infections, but can infect the lower tract as well.


Stage IVB Vulvar Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1.  M1: distant metastasis (including pelvic lymph node metastasis).  (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Hemophilus influenza infection

An infection that is caused by the organism Hemophilus influenza.


Recurrent Adult Diffuse Mixed Cell Lymphoma

The reemergence of adult diffuse mixed cell lymphoma after a period of remission.


Refractory Carcinoma

A carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


Multifocal Glioblastomas

The occurrence of multiple and independent glioblastomas that are unrelated to inherited neoplastic syndromes.


Gastroenteritis enteroviral

Gastroenteritis resulting from an infection with enterovirus.


Accelerated Phase Primary Myelofibrosis

Rapid progression of primary myelofibrosis, characterized by the presence of myeloblasts accounting for 10-19% of the peripheral blood white cells or the nucleated cells in the bone marrow.


Resectable Platinum-Resistant Malignant Germ Cell Tumor

A platinum-resistant malignant germ cell tumor that is amenable to surgical resection.


Childhood Favorable Prognosis Hodgkin Lymphoma

A Hodgkin lymphoma with favorable prognosis that occurs during childhood.


Advanced Gallbladder Carcinoma

Gallbladder carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Prostate Carcinoma by Gene Expression Profile

A header term that includes the following prostate carcinoma subtypes determined by gene expression profiling: luminal A prostate carcinoma, luminal B prostate carcinoma, and basal-like prostate carcinoma.


Prostatic Basal Cell Hyperplasia

A type of prostatic hyperplasia.  It is characterized by the presence of nodules of dark basal cells around residual prostatic secretory cells.


Recurrent Acute Myeloid Leukemia Not Otherwise Specified

The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia not otherwise specified after a period of remission.


Refractory Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage

Acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage that is resistant to treatment.


Childhood Giant Cell Glioblastoma

A giant cell glioblastoma that occurs during childhood.


Non-Neoplastic Retinal Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the retina.


The reemergence of a myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm after a period of remission.


Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia Not Otherwise Specified

Acute myeloid leukemias that occur in childhood and do not fulfill the criteria for inclusion in the group of acute myeloid leukemias which have recurrent genetic abnormalities or myelodysplastic changes, or are therapy-related.  This category includes entities classified according to the French-American-British classification scheme.


Cervical Blue Nevus

A nevus that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of benign, heavily pigmented dendritic melanocytes.


Congenital Disruption

A morphologic defect of an organ, part of an organ, or a larger region of the body that results from the extrinsic breakdown of, or an interference with, an originally normal developmental process.


Transient Organic Mental Disorder

An organic mental disorder that is temporary in nature.


Elevated CA15-3

A laboratory test result indicating the presence of an increased level of the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) CA15-3 in a blood or serum sample.


Atrial Septum Lipomatous Hypertrophy

A condition in which deposits of fat accumulate within the interatrial septum.


EBV-Related Clonal Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

A clonal lymphoproliferative disorder that develops following an organ transplantation and is caused by Epstein-Barr virus infection.


Shared Neoantigen-Positive Malignant Solid Neoplasm

A malignant solid neoplasm that expresses unique tumor-specific neoantigens across a subset of patients.


Radiation-Related Sarcoma

A sarcoma that arises in the bones or soft tissues following exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation.


Recurrent Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia

The reemergence of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia after a period of remission.


Appendix Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

A well differentiated, intermediate grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the appendix. The mitotic count is 2-20 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is 3 to 20 percent.


Stage IA1 Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

Stage IA1 includes: T1a1, N0, M0. T1a1: Tumor with measured stromal invasion equal or less than 3 mm in depth. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Advanced Gastric Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Connective and Soft Tissue Disorder

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the connective and soft tissue.


Metastatic Proximal Gastric Adenocarcinoma

A proximal gastric adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Skin Basal Cell Carcinoma with Adnexal Differentiation

A basal cell carcinoma of the skin that is characterized by adnexal differentiation.


Central Nervous System Histiocytic and Dendritic Cell Neoplasm

A neoplasm that originates from histiocytes and accessory cells and affects the central nervous system.  It is usually associated with the presence of identical tumors outside the central nervous system.  Representative examples include Langerhans cell histiocytosis, histiocytic sarcoma, and follicular dendritic cell sarcoma.


Metastatic Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Nested Variant

Bladder nested variant urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site.


Perianal Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A precancerous neoplastic intraepithelial process involving the squamous epithelium of the perianal skin. Clinically, it usually presents as a white or red area in the perianal skin. Morphologically, it is characterized by full thickness dysplasia of the squamous epithelium and sometimes of the pilosebaceous epithelium. Human papillomavirus DNA sometimes may be identified in the dysplastic epithelium. It may recur after treatment, however only a small percentage of cases progress to squamous cell carcinoma.


Infectious Mediastinitis

An acute or chronic infectious process affecting the mediastinum.


Road Injury

An injury that occurs on a road or motor way.


Elevated Urine Alkaline Phosphatase

An elevated concentration of alkaline phosphatase in the urine.


Infratentorial Glioblastoma

A glioblastoma that occurs in the infratentorial region.


Malignant Lymphoma Follicular, Large Cleaved Cell Type


Juvenile Absence Epilepsy

A subtype of idiopathic generalized epilepsy, whose manifestations occur around puberty, associated with mutation(s) in the EFHC1 gene, encoding EF-hand domain-containing protein 1.


Congenital Abnormalities of Erythrocyte Differentiation or Function

Inherited disorders involving abnormalities of red blood cell function, structure, or production. Some diseases in this group may be associated with bone marrow failure, neutropenia, and/or thrombocytopenia.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to bone marrow

The spread of a malignant neoplasm from its original site of growth to the bone marrow.


Utricle-Associated Mucosal Gland Hyperplasia

A benign microacinar proliferation occurring exclusively in the area of the utricle.


Acquired Cytomegaloviral Infection

An infection with the Cytomegalovirus that is not present from birth.


Biliary System Disorder

A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts or the gallbladder. Representative examples of non-neoplastic disorders include cholangitis and cholecystitis. Representative examples of neoplastic disorders include extrahepatic bile duct adenoma, intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and gallbladder carcinoma.


Increased Concomitant Drug Level

An increase in the level of a concomitant drug.


Adrenal Gland Hyperplasia II

Decreased activity of the enzyme 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, associated with mutation(s) in the HSD3B2 gene. The lack of activity of this enzyme produces a type of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.


Refractory Gastric Adenocarcinoma

Gastric adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Stage IV Vaginal Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4, Any N, M0) and IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1).  T4: Tumor invades mucosa of the bladder or rectum and/or extends beyond the true pelvis (bullous edema is not sufficient evidence to classify tumor as T4).  M0: No distant metastasis.  M1: Distant metastasis.  (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Granuloma of conjunctiva

A granuloma located on the conjunctiva, usually involving the inner surface of the eyelid.


Terminal Hematuria

Gross hematuria that occurs at the end of, or immediately after voiding.


Unresectable Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Prostatic Clear Cell Cribriform Hyperplasia

A rare type of prostatic hyperplasia. It is characterized by hyperplastic glandular cells with clear cytoplasm.


Crushing injury

Traumatic compression of the body or a part of the body.


Metastatic Malignant Mesothelioma

Malignant mesothelioma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Stage IA Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Fallopian tube cancer with tumor limited to fallopian tube surface; no malignant cells in ascites or peritoneal washings N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Increase in B-type Natriuretic Peptide or N-terminal pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide

A finding of an increased amount of either B-type natriuretic peptide or N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide


Increased Drug AUC

Increased area under the plot of plasma concentration of a drug against time after drug administration.


Digestive System Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade, and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from any part of the gastrointestinal system.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells.


Early Localized Lyme Disease

An early stage of Lyme disease that may present within 3-30 days after a tick bite with a red, concentrically-expanding rash (erythema migrans), fatigue, chills, fever, headache, muscle and joint aches, and swollen lymph nodes.


Deficiency of vitamin D3

Abnormally low concentration of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) in the blood.


Stage IIIA Anal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0). T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but equal to or smaller than 5 cm. N1: Metastasis in inguinal, mesorectal, internal iliac, or external iliac nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Locally Advanced Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Nutritional Calcium Deficient Rickets

Nutritional rickets due to dietary deficiency of calcium.


Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism with Adrenal Hypoplasia Congenita

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with congenital adrenal hypoplasia associated with mutation(s) in the NR0B1 gene (on the X chromosome).


Adult Atypical Meningioma

An atypical meningioma that occurs during adulthood.


IgM Monoclonal Gammopathy

An abnormal laboratory test result indicating the presence of IgM monoclonal immunoglobulin in the blood or urine.


Stage IIIB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IIIB includes: T3, N2, M0, Any G. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Radiating Chest Pain Along Right Upper Sternal Border

The location of the radiating chest pain is along the right upper sternal border.


Obstructed Megaureter

A megaureter in which there is obstruction to the flow of urine at the ureterovesical junction.


Secondary Graft Failure After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Loss of donor hematopoietic cells following initial engraftment.


Locally Advanced Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Hypoproteinemia

A laboratory test result indicating abnormally low levels of total protein in the serum.


Stage II Centroblastic Follicular Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in association with regional lymph node involvement with or without involvement of other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE).


Extrahepatic bile duct cancer stage II

Stage II includes: IIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIB: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0).  T3: Tumor invades the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and/or unilateral branches or the portal vein (right or left) or hepatic artery (right or left).  N1: Regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Breast hyperplasia

A general term that refers to hyperplastic proliferations of the epithelial cells in the breast parenchyma.  Examples include atypical ductal hyperplasia, usual ductal hyperplasia, columnar cell hyperplasia, and atypical lobular hyperplasia.


Genitourinary Signs and Symptoms

Patient complaints (symptoms), physical or laboratory findings (signs) related to the genitourinary system.


Nickel Metabolic Disorder

A storage disorder that results from impaired metabolism of nickel.


Recurrent Polymorphous Low Grade Neuroepithelial Tumor of the Young

The reemergence of polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young after a period of remission.


Malignant neoplasm of bladder recurrent

The reemergence of a malignant bladder neoplasm after a period of remission.


Philadelphia chromosome negative chronic myelogenous leukemia

A chronic myelogenous leukemia which does not have the characteristic t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) translocation but it has either a variant translocation or a cryptic translocation that can not be detected by conventional cytogenetic analysis.  In such cases the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene is always detected by RT-PCR, FISH, or Southern blot analysis.


Gastrointestinal carcinoma in situ

An intraepithelial carcinoma arising from any part of the digestive system without evidence of invasion.


Urostomy Prolapse

Displacement of the urostomy.


Lumbar Meningocele

A congenital abnormality in the lumbar region of the spine in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column.


Clinical Stage 0 Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Melanoma in situ. Thickness: Not applicable. Ulceration status: Not applicable. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Primary Cutaneous Mucinous Carcinoma

A rare low-grade carcinoma of the sweat glands. The most common sites are eyelids, scalp, axilla, face and trunk. It is histologically characterized by proliferating ducts until the overproduction of mucin creates islands of tumor cells, essentially floating in mucinous pools (Rosai J. Ackerman's Surgical Pathology).


Unresectable Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Lupus encephalitis

Encephalitis that is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.


Childhood depression

Similar to depression in adults, childhood depression is characterized by a prolonged depressed or irritable mood accompanied by a significant loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite or sleep, decreased energy, feelings of worthlessness, and/or recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.


Stage IIB Esophageal Carcinoma

Stage IIB includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: (T2-3, N0, M0, G2-3, Tumor location: Upper, middle); (T1-2, N1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any).  For adenocarcinoma: (T3, N0, M0, Any G); (T1-2, N1, M0, Any G).  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1.  G2: Moderately differentiated.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Congenital spondylolysis

Spondylolysis, the cause of which is present from birth.


Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage, Not Otherwise Specified

Acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage, expressing combinations of markers that do not allow for its classification as either acute undifferentiated leukemia or mixed phenotype acute leukemia, and definitive classification along a single lineage is difficult. (WHO 2017)


Unresectable Esophageal Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the esophagus and is not amenable to surgical resection.


Papillary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

An invasive adenocarcinoma characterized by cystic changes, papillary growth pattern, and the presence of malignant glandular cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin.


Metastatic Primary Malignant Brain Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the brain and has spread from its original site of growth to other sites.


Gastric Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma

A rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the gastric mucosa and is characterized by the presence of large polygonal malignant cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm resembling hepatocytes.


Anal squamous cell carcinoma metastatic

Anal squamous cell carcinoma that has spread from its primary site to another anatomic site.


Recurrent Endometrial Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial clear cell adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Bone Sarcoma by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of bone sarcoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.


CTRP Clinical Finding

A finding concept that has been requested by CTRP to be used in the disease field for abstraction and search of clinical trials.


Diffuse neurofibroma

A rare neurofibroma with an infiltrative growth pattern.  It involves the skin and subcutaneous tissue and grows in a plaque-like fashion.  Malignant transformation is rare.


Gastric Carcinoma with Lymphoid Stroma

A rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the gastric mucosa and is characterized by the presence of prominent lymphocytic stromal infiltration and poorly formed tubular structures.


This entity includes cases that have clinical, laboratory, and morphologic features that support the diagnosis of both a myelodysplastic syndrome and a myeloproliferative neoplasm, but do not meet the criteria for any of the other entities included in the myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm category.  (WHO, 2001)


Naevus spider acquired

A non-congenital, benign vascular lesion with a central punctum (arteriole) that is surrounded by thin-walled capillaries in a radial pattern. It occurs as the result of the dilatation of pre-existing vessels and is most often an incidental finding. The lesion may also be found in association with hypermetabolic states or chronic disease.


Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm in the Pelvic Cavity

The spread of a malignant neoplasm from a primary site to the pelvic cavity.


Refractory Acute Undifferentiated Leukemia

Acute undifferentiated leukemia that does not respond to treatment.


Stage IV Urethral Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (Any T, N2, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: For male penile urethra and female urethra: Tumor invades other adjacent organs (e.g., invasion of the bladder wall). For prostatic urethra: Tumor invades other adjacent organs (e.g., extraprostatic invasion of the bladder wall, rectal wall). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Single regional lymph node metastasis in the inguinal region or true pelvis [perivesical, obturator, internal (hypogastric) and external iliac], or presacral lymph node. N2: Multiple regional lymph node metastasis in the inguinal region or true pelvis [perivesical, obturator, internal (hypogastric) and external iliac], or presacral lymph node. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Skin disorder arising from mental factors

A skin disorder for which mental factors play a causative role.


Virus-Related Carcinoma

Carcinoma that develops in the context of an individual infected with a virus.


Vulvar Melanocytic Nevus

A benign, atypical, or dysplastic melanocytic nevus that arises from the vulva.


Enterotoxigenic E coli Infection

A pathotype of Escherichia coli, which is a gram-negative bacteria that is transmitted through the fecal-oral route. It has an incubation period of 10-72 hours and a duration of 1-5 days. Symptoms may include acute, occasionally severe diarrhea without fever.


Complete Atrioventricular Canal Defect Balanced

Atrioventricular septal defect in which the atrioventricular junction is shared evenly between the left ventricle and right ventricle.


Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Benign Non-Epithelial Neoplasm

A benign non-epithelial neoplasm that affects the liver parenchyma and intrahepatic bile ducts.  Representative examples include hemangioma, angiomyolipoma, and solitary fibrous tumor.


Endometrioid intraepithelial neoplasia

A neoplastic clonal expansion of endometrial glands characterized by cytologic changes of the epithelium and the presence of an increased number of endometrial glands. The glands form crowded aggregates with tubular or branching patterns which are cytologically distinct from the background architectural and cytological pattern. It is associated with molecular changes seen in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma, including microsatellite instability, PAX2 inactivation, and PTEN, KRAS, and CTNNB1 gene mutations.


High Leukocyte Count

A higher than average level of leukocytes in a sample.


AIDS-Related Malignant Cervical Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from the cervix in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. This category includes cervical carcinoma, Kaposi sarcoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.


Pericarditis secondary to uremia

Inflammation of the pericardium associated with chronic kidney failure.


Refractory Chronic Leukemia

Chronic leukemia that is resistant to treatment.


Testicular cancer metastatic

A malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the testis and has spread to another anatomic site.


Non-Functioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

A low grade well differentiated neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the pancreas. It is characterized by the absence of a hormone-related clinical syndrome.


Arterial Thrombosis Related to Vascular Access Complication

The formation of a thrombus in the artery as a direct result of an activity associated with vascular access.


Lugano Classification Stage I Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage I: Involvement of a single lymphatic site (i.e., nodal region, Waldeyer's ring, thymus, or spleen). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Malignant Osteoclastic Giant Cell-Rich Tumor of Bone

A giant cell tumor that arises from the bone and is characterized by the presence of a malignant cellular component.


Refractory Sclerodermatous Graft Versus Host Disease

Sclerodermatous Graft Versus Host Disease that is resistant to treatment.


Infectious Encephalomyelitis

An infectious process that affects the brain and spinal cord tissues. It is usually caused by viruses.


Acral nevus

A melanocytic nevus that arises from the palms, soles, and nails.


Stage IIA2 Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIA2 includes: T2a2, Any N, M0. T2a2: Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Liver Germ Cell Tumor

A benign or malignant extragonadal germ cell tumor that arises from the liver. Representative examples include teratoma and yolk sac tumor.


Loss of INI 1 Protein Expression

An immunohistochemical finding indicating negative staining of tumor cells for INI 1 protein, resulting from the inactivation of the INI 1 tumor suppressor gene.


Refractory Fallopian Tube Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

Fallopian tube mucinous adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Borrelia Burgdoferi-Associated Cutaneous Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue

Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue that arises from chronically stimulated lymphoid tissue in the skin in response to Borrelia burgdoferi infection.


Indirect Contact Transmission Infection

Infection transmitted by water, food or other means of conveyance.


Interstitial Disease

A disease occurring chiefly in the connective-tissue framework of an organ.


Adolescent Gynecomastia

Gynecomastia that occurs during puberty and is not due to exogenous substances or disease processes.


Anal Canal Cancer by AJCC v6 and v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of anal canal cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th and 7th editions. This staging system applies to carcinomas arising in the anal canal only; melanomas, carcinoid tumors, sarcomas, and perianal tumors are not included. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


Chest Pain in Right Fifth Intercostal Space

The location of the chest pain is within the fifth intercostal space on the right side.


Mural Nodule

A solid, sharply demarcated, benign or malignant nodular mass that is attached to the wall of an organ.


Renal lymphocele

Encapsulated collection of lymphatic fluid around a transplanted kidney.


Refractory T Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia that does not respond to treatment.


Human Papillomavirus-Related Vaginal Adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the vagina and is caused by human papillomavirus infection.


Metastatic Acral Lentiginous Melanoma

Acral lentiginous melanoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Unresectable Solid Neoplasm

A solid neoplasm that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Radiation burn

A burn caused by exposure to x-ray, radium, sunlight, atomic or any other type of radiant energy.


Recurrent HIV-Related Lymphoproliferative Disorder

The reemergence of HIV-associated lymphoproliferative disorder after a period of remission.


Testicular Spermatocytic Tumor with Sarcoma

A malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the testis and is characterized by the presence of a spermatocytic tumor component that is contiguous with an undifferentiated or differentiated sarcomatous component.  It usually presents as a slowly growing mass that enlarges very rapidly soon after the initial diagnosis.


Metastatic Gastric Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Progesterone Receptor Expressing Malignant Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that is positive for progesterone receptors.


Myelofibrosis that develops in a patient with history of essential thrombocythemia.


Locally Advanced Digestive System Carcinoma

Digestive system carcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Refractory Low Grade Fallopian Tube Serous Adenocarcinoma

Low grade fallopian tube serous adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Refractory Malignant Urinary System Neoplasm

Malignant urinary system neoplasm that is resistant to treatment.