antigen processing and presentation following phagocytosis

Antigen processing and presentation which is initiated by uptake of antigen via phagocytosis.


negative regulation of short-term synaptic potentiation

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of short-term synaptic potentiation.


gibberellin A17,oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A17 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 <=> gibberellin A28 + succinate + carbon dioxide.


octadecene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving octadecene.


galactarate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactarate, the anion of galactaric acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxyphenylacetate + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + homogentisate.


chalcone synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-dihydrocoumaroyl-CoA + 3 malonyl-CoA + 3 H+ = phloretin + 4 coenzyme A + 3 carbon dioxide.


viral genome ejection through host cell envelope, short tail mechanism

Ejection by a non-enveloped prokaryotic virus of its genome into the host cytoplasm via a short tail ejection system consisting a central tube, the connector which attaches the tail to the phage capsid and releases inner core proteins. Upon binding to the host cell surface, the phage displays a tube-like extension of its short tail that penetrates both host membranes. This tail extension comes from the release of viral core proteins with channel forming properties.


positive regulation of L-threonine import across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of L-threonine import into cell.


protein-phosphocysteine-galactitol-phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein S-phosphocysteine + galactitol(out) = protein cysteine + galactitol-6-phosphate(in).


ribose 1,5-bisphosphate isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 1,5-bisphosphate = D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate.


cannabidiolate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cannabigerolate + O2 <=> cannabidiolate + hydrogen peroxide.


specification of stamen identity

The process in which a floral organ primordium acquires stamen or staminode identity. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-deoxystreptamine + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> 2'-deamino-2'-hydroxyparomamine + UDP(3-) + H+.


cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cinnamyl alcohol + NADP+ = cinnamaldehyde + NADPH + H+.


ocellus morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the ocellus are generated and organized. The ocellus is a simple visual organ of insects.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxyindole + O2 = anthranilate + CO2 + H+.


positive regulation of interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway.


positive regulation of central tolerance induction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of central tolerance induction.


ventral midline determination

The regionalization process in which the area where the ventral midline will form is specified.


penetration of cumulus oophorus

The infiltration by sperm of the cumulus oophorus to reach the oocyte. The process involves digestive enzymes from a modified lysosome called the acrosome, situated at the head of the sperm.


glucuronokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucuronate + ATP = 1-phospho-alpha-D-glucuronate + ADP + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + UMP = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + uracil.


Catalysis of the reaction: a 2-oxo acid + L-asparagine = an amino acid + 2-oxosuccinamate.


fruit septum development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruit septum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruit septum is a thin partition or membrane that divides a cavity or a mass of tissue in the fruit.


luteinizing hormone receptor activity

Combining with luteinizing hormone (also called lutropin) to initiate a change in cell activity.


glutaminyl-tRNA aminoacylation

The process of coupling glutamine to glutaminyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. The glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a glutamine-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.


hemicellulose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a hemicellulose.


positive regulation of epithelium regeneration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelium regeneration.


Catalysis of the reaction: CMP-N-acetylneuraminate + beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-glycoprotein = CMP + alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-glycoprotein + H+.


Catalysis of the movement of a lysophosphatidylserine from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP.


D-glutamate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glutamate + H2O + O2 = 2-oxoglutarate + NH3 + H2O2.


diaminopimelate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving diaminopimelate, the anion of the dicarboxylic acid 2,6-diaminoheptanedioic acid. It is an intermediate in lysine biosynthesis and as a component (as meso-diaminopimelate) of the peptidoglycan of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls.


negative regulation of mesenchymal stem cell migration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell migration.


S-sulfolactate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-sulfonatolactate + NAD <=> 3-sulfonatopyruvate(2-) + NADH + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: ADP alpha-D-glucoside + n a 1,4-alpha-D-glucan = ADP + n alpha-amylose.


Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydro-3-ethylcatechol + NAD+ = 3-ethylcatechol + H+ + NADH.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-demethylmenaquinol-8 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> menaquinol-8 + H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


pterin deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-amino-4-hydroxypteridine + H2O = 2,4-dihydroxypteridine + NH3.


positive regulation of pro-B cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pro-B cell differentiation.


negative regulation of seed dormancy process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of seed dormancy process.


neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane

A process in which a neurotransmitter is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the membrane adjacent to a postsynaptic specialization (e.g. postsynaptic density).


cellular response to vitamin B1 starvation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of vitamin B1 (also called thiamin and thiamine).


spore wall assembly MAPK cascade

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

A MAPK cascade that occurs as a result of deprivation of nourishment.


Atg12 conjugating enzyme activity

Isoenergetic transfer of Atg12 from one protein to another via the reaction X-Atg12 + Y = Y-Atg12 + X, where both the X-Atg12 and Y-Atg12 linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal amino acid of Atg12 and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue.


phospholipid transfer activity

Removes a phospholipid from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle.


phytoalexin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phytoalexins, any of a range of substances produced by plants as part of their defense response.


nitrate reductase activity involved in anaerobic electron transport chain

Any nitrate reductase activity that is involved in anaerobic electron transport chain.


indolepyruvate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: indolepyruvate = CO2 + indole acetaldehyde.


gracilis tract morphogenesis

Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the dorsal root ganglion towards target cells in the medulla. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the gracilis tract, a group of axons that are from neurons involved in proprioception from the lower trunk and lower limb.


regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3 H+ + 9,12,15-cis-hexadecatrienoyl-CoA + 3 malonyl-CoA(5-) <=> 5-(pentadeca-8,11,14-trien-1-yl)resorcinol + 4 coenzyme A + 4 carbon dioxide.


peptidyl-serine palmitoylation

The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to an oxygen (O) atom in a serine residue to form peptidyl-O-palmitoyl-L-serine.


cell chemotaxis to vascular endothelial growth factor

The directed movement of a motile cell in response to the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).


positive regulation of prostaglandin catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of prostaglandin catabolic process.


response to host osmotic environment

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of the symbiont or its cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the osmotic conditions in or around its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


Catalysis of the transfer of galactose from UDP-galactose to hydroxyproline residues present in the peptide backbone.


regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping.


viral entry via permeabilization of inner membrane

The entry of a non-enveloped virus into the cytoplasm of a host prokaryotic cell, following fusion with the outer membrane, via permeabilization of the plasma (inner) membrane. In the case of some double stranded RNA viruses of prokaryotes this occurs via interaction of a membrane-interacting component of the capsid, leading to depolarization an permeabilization of the plasma membrane.


xylitol oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: xylitol + O2 = xylose + H2O2.


12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H2 = 12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid (HHT) + malonaldehyde (MDA).


cellular response to environmental stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an environmental stimulus.


Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->3)-alpha-D-galactosidic linkages in Aerobacter aerogenes capsular polysaccharide.


xyloglucan catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a xyloglucan.


histone H4 demethylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from a modified lysine residue of the histone H4 protein. This is a dioxygenase reaction that is dependent on Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate.


cyclopentanol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyclopentanol.


eupatolide synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 8beta-hydroxygermacra-1(10),4,11(13)-trien-12-oate + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = eupatolide + 2 H2O + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase].


Catalysis of the reaction: 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone = acetaldehyde + 4-androstene-3,17-dione.


larval chitin-based cuticle development

Synthesis and deposition of a chitin-based larval cuticle. The insect larval cuticle is a secretion from epidermal cells that is shed at each molt. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


cell wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


positive regulation of hexasaccharide transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hexasaccharide transport.


positive regulation of symbiont haustorium neck formation for entry into host

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont haustorium neck formation for entry into host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


peptidyl-L-3-oxoalanine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-cysteine or peptidyl-serine

The modification of peptidyl-cysteine or peptidyl-serine to peptidyl-L-3-oxoalanine; characteristic of the active sites of arylsulfatases.


mesenchymal cell condensation involved in mammary fat development

The cell adhesion process in which mammary mesenchyme cells adhere to one another in the initial stages of the formation of mammary fat development.


oxytocin receptor activity

Combining with oxytocin to initiate a change in cell activity.


positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting opioid receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting opioid receptor signaling pathway.


pectate disaccharide-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a pectate = a pectate + 4-(4-deoxy-alpha-D-galact-4-enuronosyl)-D-galacturonate. This reaction is the eliminative cleavage of 4-(4-deoxy-alpha-D-galact-4-enuronosyl)-D-galacturonate from the reducing end of pectate, i.e. de-esterified pectin.


thiocyanate isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: benzyl isothiocyanate = benzyl thiocyanate.


octopine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving octopine, (N-(1-carboxy-4-guanidinobutyl)-L-alanine), an amino acid derived opine.


glutamate catabolic process to succinate via 2-oxoglutarate-dependent GABA-transaminase activity

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into succinate, that includes the conversion of 4-aminobutyrate to succinate semialdehyde by the 2-oxoglutarate-dependent gamma aminobutyrate (GABA) transaminase.


Langerhans cell differentiation

The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a Langerhans cell.


mucosal lymphocyte homeostasis

The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of lymphocytes such that the total number of lymphocytes within the mucosal tissue of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus.


sialic acid transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of sialic acid from one side of a membrane to the other.


primary sex determination, soma

The transmission of information about sexual status from the initial, general, determination to signals specific to the soma.


plasma membrane proton-transporting ATP synthase complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a proton-transporting ATP synthase in the plasma membrane.


histone H2A kinase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group to a histone H2A.


carnitine 3-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: carnitine + NAD+ = 3-dehydrocarnitine + H+ + NADH.


nitrate reductase (NADH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: nitrite + NAD+ + H2O = nitrate + NADH + H+.


aminodeoxyfutalosine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-[(1-carboxylatovinyl)oxy]benzoate(2-) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine + H2O <=> aminodeoxyfutalosinate + L-methionine + hydrogencarbonate + H+.


Kdo transferase activity

Catalysis of the reactions: (KDO)-lipid IVA + CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate = KDO2-lipid IVA + CMP, and lipid IVA + CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate = (KDO)-lipid IVA + CMP.


D-arabinose 1-dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinose + NADP+ = D-arabinono-1,4-lactone + NADPH.


suppression by virus of host type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of type II interferon-mediated signaling in the host organism. Type II interferon is also known as interferon-gamma.


positive regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle hypertrophy.


negative regulation of NK T cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell differentiation.


anther wall tapetum cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a tapetal cell of anthers in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


intercellular bridge organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the intracellular bridge. An intracellular bridge is a direct link between the cytoplasms of sister cells that allows cells to communicate with one another.


mesenchymal-endodermal cell signaling involved in lung induction

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an endodermal cell in the foregut and contributes to the formation of the lung bud.


selenocysteine lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-selenocysteine + reduced acceptor = hydrogen selenide + L-alanine + acceptor.


negative regulation of trichoblast fate specification

Any process that suppresses trichoblast fate specification.


negative regulation of vein smooth muscle contraction

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of vein smooth muscle contraction.


nitrate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of nitrate ions (NO3-) from one side of a membrane to the other.


alkylthioltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an alkylthio group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


3-propylmalate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxylate + H2O + pentanoyl-CoA = 3-propylmalate + CoA + H+.


L-xylulose reductase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + xylitol = L-xylulose + H+ + NADPH.


regulation of pectin catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pectin catabolic process.


response to bacteriocin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacteriocin stimulus. A bacteriocin is a protein substance released by certain bacteria that kills but does not lyse closely related strains of bacteria. Specific bacteriocins attach to specific receptors on cell walls and induce specific metabolic block, e.g. cessation of nucleic acid or protein synthesis of oxidative phosphorylation.


triethanolamine lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: triethanolamine = diethanolamine + acetaldehyde.


modulation of zoospore encystment on host

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of zoospore encystment on host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


neuromast primordium migration

The migration of a cluster of a relatively undifferentiated cell originating at specific cephalic placodes and depositing proneuromasts along a developing lateral line, from which the neuromasts will develop.


negative regulation of regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell membrane depolarization

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell membrane depolarization.


central B cell deletion

The deletion of B cells by apoptotic process occurring as part of central tolerance induction and B cell selection.


cresol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cresol, a mixture of the aromatic alcohol isoforms o-, p-, and m-cresol, which is obtained from coal tar or petroleum. The isomers are used as disinfectants, textile scouring agents, surfactants and as intermediates in the manufacture of salicylaldehyde, coumarin, and herbicides as well as being a major component of creosote.


cell wall disassembly

A process that results in the breakdown of the cell wall.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1,6-dihydroxy-2-methylcyclohexa-2,4-dienecarboxylate + NAD+ = 3-methylcatechol + CO2 + NADH.


tubuloglomerular feedback

The process in which blood volume is regulated due to a change in the rate of glomerular filtration. This is accomplished by a feedback mechanism that senses changes in the juxtaglomerular apparatus.


intracellularly ATP-gated chloride channel activity

Enables passage of a chloride ion through a transmembrane channel that opens when ATP is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the intracellular side of the plasma membrane.


positive regulation of receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell.


3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxypropanoate + NADP+ = 3-oxopropanoate + H+ + NADPH.


Catalysis of the reaction: beta-chaconine + UDP-L-rhamnose = H+ + alpha-chaconine + UDP.


cyanoalanine nitrilase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-cyano-L-alanine + 2 H2O + H+ = L-aspartate + NH4.


gibberelli A15, 2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A15 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 <=> gibberellin A24 + succinate + carbon dioxide + H2O.


positive regulation of heptasaccharide transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heptasaccharide transport.


regulation of cell communication

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.


surface biofilm formation

A process in which planktonically growing microorganisms grow at the surface of a liquid-air interface and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate matrix formation, resulting in a change in the organisms' growth rate and gene transcription.


positive regulation of pyroptosis

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of pyroptosis.


Catalysis of the transfer of an alpha-D-mannosyl residue from GDP-mannose into lipid-linked oligosaccharide, forming an alpha-(1->6)-D-mannosyl-D-mannose linkage.


pyridoxamine phosphate oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate + H2O + O2 = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + NH4+ + hydrogen peroxide. This activity can also oxidize pyridoxine 5'-phosphate to  pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + hydrogen peroxide.


suppression by symbiont of host immune response

Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response of the host organism; the immune response is any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of cell cycle

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.


regulation of malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (NADP+) activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (NADP+) activity.


response to proline

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a proline stimulus.


superoxide reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: superoxide + reduced rubredoxin + 2 H+ = H2O2 + rubredoxin.


Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + aminoglycoside = CoA + 1-N-acetylaminoglycoside. This is acetylation of the 1-amino group of the central deoxystreptamine ring.


flavin prenyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylallylphosphate + FMNH2 = prenylated FMNH2 + phosphate.


negative regulation of SREBP signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the SREBP signaling pathway.


tRNA C5-cytosine methylation

The process whereby a cytosine in a tRNA is methylated at position 5 of the cytosine.


UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 2 NAD+ + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = 3 H+ + 2 NADH + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.


detection of UV

The series of events in which an ultraviolet radiation (UV light) stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. Ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 380 nanometers.


anesthesia-resistant memory

The memory process that results in the formation of consolidated memory resistant to disruption of the patterned activity of the brain, without requiring protein synthesis.


head kidney structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the head kidney. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The head kidney is a pronephros that consists of fused bilateral lobes located in the anterior part of the kidney.


Malpighian tubule stellate cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a Malpighian tubule stellate cell. A Malpighian tubule stellate cell is a specialized epithelial secretory cell that moves chloride ions and water across the tubule epithelium.


secondary active monocarboxylate transmembrane transporter activity

Catalysis of the movement of a monocarboxylate, any compound containing a single carboxyl group (COOH or COO-), by uniport, symport or antiport across a membrane by a carrier-mediated mechanism.


transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition

The identification of lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex as well as a small subset of lesions not recognized by the general nucleotide-excision repair pathway.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzenesulfonate + 2 H+ + NADH + O2 = 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate + NAD+ + NH4. 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonate is also known as 3-sulfocatechol.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-(2'-aminophenyl)-hexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O = 2-aminobenzoate + cis-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate.


positive regulation of ribosome biogenesis

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is the cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits.


myoblast maturation involved in muscle regeneration

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a myoblast cell to attain its fully functional state involved in muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


protein localization to T cell secretory granule

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule in a T cell.


URM1 activating enzyme activity

Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier URM1, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond.


jump response

The sudden, usually upward, movement off the ground or other surface through sudden muscular effort in the legs, following exposure to an external stimulus.


interleukin-16 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-16 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


retroviral 3' processing activity

The catalysis of the removal of two di- or tri-nucleotides from each 3' end of double-stranded viral DNA, exposing recessed 3' hydroxyls.


trophectodermal cell fate commitment

The cell fate commitment of precursor cells that will become trophectoderm cells.


Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-galactosidic linkages in blood group A and B substances.


endocrocin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of endocrocin.


autophagosome membrane disassembly

The controlled breakdown of the membranes of autophagosomes.


regulation of prostaglandin catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of prostaglandin catabolic process.


positive regulation of anterograde axonal transport of mitochondrion

Any process that activates or increasesthe frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in axons away from the cell body and towards the presynapse.


positive regulation of Kit signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Kit signaling pathway.


phosphatidylglycerol-prolipoprotein diacylglyceryl transferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of the diacylglyceryl group from phosphatidylglycerol to the sulfhydryl group of the prospective N-terminal cysteine residue in an unmodified prolipoprotein.


epithelial cell-cell adhesion involved in epithelium migration

The attachment of an epithelial cell to another epithelial cell via adhesion molecules that contributes to epithelium migration.


beta-1,4-mannosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a mannose residue to an oligosaccharide, forming a beta-(1->4) linkage.


positive regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the lectin pathway.


mycinamicin VI 2''-O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + mycinamicin VI <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + mycinamicin III(1+) + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: DNA containing 7-methyladenine + H2O = DNA with abasic site + 7-methyladenine. This reaction is the hydrolysis of DNA by cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the damaged DNA 7-methyladenine and the deoxyribose sugar to remove the 7-methyladenine, leaving an abasic site.


phosphomethylpyrimidine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-amino-2-methyl-5-phosphomethylpyrimidine = ADP + 4-amino-2-methyl-5-diphosphomethylpyrimidine.


S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-(5-deoxy-D-ribos-5-yl)-L-homocysteine = (S)-4,5-dihydroxypentane-2,3-dione + L-homocysteine.


cuticle pattern formation

The regionalization process that gives rise to the patterns of cell differentiation in the cuticle.


cellular response to methamphetamine hydrochloride

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methamphetamine hydrochloride stimulus.


response to endothelin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an endothelin stimulus. Endothelin is any of three secretory vasoconstrictive peptides (endothelin-1, -2, -3).


glyoxylate dehydrogenase (acylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: CoA + glyoxylate + NADP+ = H+ + NADPH + oxalyl-CoA.


proximal/distal pattern formation involved in pronephric nephron development

The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis of the pronephros.


regulation of toll-like receptor 15 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of toll-like receptor 15 signaling pathway.


Cvt vesicle assembly

A vesicle organization process that takes place as part of the Cvt pathway, and results in the formation of a double membrane-bounded cytosolic structure that sequesters precursor aminopeptidase I (prAPI).


regulation of interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-2-mediated signaling pathway.


Catalysis of the reaction: monodemethylisoproturon + H2O = didemethylisoproturon + formaldehyde + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


starch, H2O dikinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: n ATP + n H2O + starch = n AMP + n hydrogenphosphate + a 6-phosphogluco-amylopectin.


viral entry via permeabilization of host membrane

The entry of a virus into the cytoplasm of a host cell, triggered by an interaction between the bilayer of a host membrane and a membrane-penetration capsid protein. Results in release of the virus contents into the host cell cytoplasm.


negative regulation of growth rate

Any process that reduces the rate of growth of all or part of an organism.


alpha-zingiberene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate <=> zingiberene + diphosphoric acid.


negative regulation of tendon cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tendon cell differentiation.


positive regulation of ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response.


vesicle fusion with vesicle

Fusion of the membrane of a transport vesicle with a target membrane on another vesicle.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + O2 + penicillin N = CO2 + deacetoxycephalosporin C + H2O + succinate.


response to copper ion starvation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of copper ion.


NK T cell lineage commitment

The process in which a pro-T cell becomes committed to becoming an NK T cell.


monocoumaroyl dicaffeoyl spermidine meta-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: monocoumaroyl dicaffeoyl spermidine + NADPH + O2 = tricaffeoyl spermidine + NADP+ + H2O.


ureidoglycolate lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-ureidoglycolate = glyoxylate + urea.


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpyruvate + NADPH <=> (2R)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactate + NADP.


regulation of vesicle transport along microtubule

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle transport along microtubule.


late distal convoluted tubule development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the late distal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The late distal convoluted tubule contains DCT cells and intercalated (IC) alpha and beta cells and is vasopressin-sensitive.


negative regulation of N',N'',N'''-triacetylfusarinine C biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of N',N'',N'''-triacetylfusarinine C biosynthetic process.


regulation of long-chain fatty acid import into cell

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of long-chain fatty acid import into a cell.


negative regulation of pollen tube guidance

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of pollen tube guidance towards ovules. This is one mechanism to prevent polytuby, the simultaneous penetration of ovules by multiple pollen tubes.


oxidation-dependent protein catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the oxidation of one or more amino acid residues in the protein.


terephthalate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: terephthalate + H2O = benzoate + HCO3-.


positive regulation of transepithelial migration of symbiont in host

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transepithelial migration of symbiont in host.


adenosylcobinamide kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: RTP + adenosylcobinamide = adenosylcobinamide phosphate + RDP (where RTP is either ATP or GTP).


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane. 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDMU; 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane is also known as DDMS.


phenylserine aldolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-threo-3-phenylserine = benzaldehyde + glycine.


protein localization to mitotic spindle pole body

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a mitotic spindle pole body.


peripheral B cell negative selection

Any process leading to negative selection of B cells in the periphery.


mast cell proliferation

The expansion of a mast cell population by cell division.


p-cymene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of p-cymene, 1-methyl-4-isopropylbenzene, one of the alkyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons found in volatile oils from over 100 plants.


perturbation by virus of host G1/S transition checkpoint

A process in which a virus interferes with the normal execution of the host cell G1/S transition checkpoint. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


non-recombinational interstrand cross-link repair

Removal of a DNA interstrand crosslink (a covalent attachment of DNA bases on opposite strands of the DNA) and restoration of the DNA by a mechanism that does not involve homologous DNA recombination.


tartrate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tartrate + NAD+ = oxaloglycolate + NADH + H+.


hopanoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving hopanoids, pentacyclic sterol-like compounds based on the hopane nucleus.


2,2-dialkylglycine decarboxylase (pyruvate) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,2-dialkylglycine + H+ + pyruvate = L-alanine + CO2 + dialkyl ketone.


organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organonitrogen compound.


establishment of protein localization

The directed movement of a protein to a specific location.


iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tetrakis-L-cysteinyl triiron tetrasulfide

The incorporation of iron into a 3Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tetrakis-L-cysteinyl triiron tetrasulfide.


pronephric glomerulus development

The progression of the glomerulus of the pronephric kidney over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The pronephric glomerulus is part of the pronephric nephron and is restricted to one body segment.


regulation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-beta-D-glucans.


ncRNA deadenylation

Shortening of the poly(A) tail of a nuclear-transcribed ncRNA.


meristem structural organization

Organization of a region of tissue in a plant that is composed of one or more undifferentiated cells capable of undergoing mitosis and differentiation, thereby effecting growth and development of a plant by giving rise to more meristem or specialized tissue.


methylguanidinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + methylguanidine = methylammonium + urea.


cellular response to vitamin B3

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B3 stimulus.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving (-)-exo-alpha-bergamotene.


phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis from phosphoryl-ethanolamine via N-dimethylethanolamine phosphate and CDP-choline

The phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process that begins with three consecutive N-methylation steps that are carried out on phospho-bases, phosphoethanolamine, phospho-N-methylethanolamine, and phospho-N-dimethylethanolamine; the process ends with the conversion of a phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine to a phosphatidylcholine.


regulation of positive chemotaxis to cAMP by chlorinated alkylphenone

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of directed movement of a motile cell or organism up a concentration gradient of 3',5'-cAMP by the action of a chlorinated alkylphenone. An alkylphenone is an aromatic polyketide with methyl and chlorine substitutions.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phenylethanolamine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-methylphenylethanolamine.


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxyisocaproate + isocaproyl-CoA = (R)-2-hydroxyisocaproyl-CoA + isocaproate.


postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping

The process by which diffusing neurotransmitter receptor becomes trapped at the postsynaptic specialization membrane. This is typically due to interaction with components of the post-synaptic specialization.


carbon fixation by acetyl-CoA pathway

A pathway of carbon dioxide fixation in which one molecule of acetyl-CoA is completely synthesized from two molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2).


T cell extravasation

The migration of a T cell from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxyisobutyrate = H2O + methacrylate.


strigolactone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of strigolactone.


extracellular phenylacetaldehyde-gated monoatomic ion channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when extracellular phenylacetaldehyde has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


aerenchyma formation

The process that gives rise to aerenchyma, parenchyma tissue containing particularly large intercellular spaces of schizogenous or lysigenous origin. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


bulbus arteriosus formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the bulbus arteriosus from unspecified parts. The bulbus arteriosus is an elastic chamber of the heart.


tetrahydrothiophene 1-oxide reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: tetrahydrothiophene 1-oxide + reduced acceptor = tetrahydrothiophene + acceptor.


purine deoxyribonucleoside salvage

Any process which produces a purine deoxyribonucleoside from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


Catalysis of the reaction: cobalt-precorrin 5A + H2O = cobalt-precorrin 5B + acetaldehyde + H+.


cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


renal protein absorption

A renal system process in which proteins are taken up from the collecting ducts, glomerulus and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures (e.g. protein absorption is observed in nephrocytes in Drosophila, see PMID:23264686).


pallium glioblast division

The division of a glioblast in the pallium. A glioblast is a dividing precursor cell that gives rise to glial cells.


response to 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine stimulus. 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine is a pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; it is used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.


trigeminal ganglion morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of a trigeminal ganglion is generated and organized.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by epinephrine

The regulation of blood pressure mediated by the catecholamine signaling molecule epinephrine.


macrophage cytokine production

The appearance of a macrophage cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


mitochondria-associated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proteins transported from mitochondria and targeted to cytoplasmic proteasomes for degradation as a response to oxidative stress conditions.


circadian regulation of heart rate by the suprachiasmatic nucleus

The process in which the suprachiasmatic nucleus modulates heart rate at different values with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.


regulation of tube diameter, open tracheal system

Ensuring that a tube in an open tracheal system is of the correct diameter. When primary branches form their lumens are small (less than 2 micrometers) in caliber and must undergo regulated expansion during larval life to reach their mature size.


protein-heme P460 linkage via heme P460-bis-L-cysteine-L-tyrosine

The linkage of protein to heme P460 via heme P460-bis-L-cysteine-L-tyrosine.


tricarboxylate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of tricarboxylate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.


intermediate mesoderm structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the intermediate mesoderm. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure.


(S)-2-methylmalate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-citramalate = H2O + mesaconate.


regulation of motor neuron migration

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron migration.


ABC-type cadmium transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Cd (cytosol) = ADP + phosphate + Cd (vacuole).


nucleotide-excision repair involved in interstrand cross-link repair

Any nucleotide-excision repair that is involved in interstrand cross-link repair.


flavone apiosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-apiose + 7-O-beta-D-glucosyl-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone = UDP + 7-O-(beta-D-apiofuranosyl-1,2-beta-D-glucosyl)-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone.


self-resistance to endogenously produced metabolite

A process that reduces or removes the toxicity of an endogenously produced substance. Mechanisms of resistance to endogenously produced compounds include modification the compound, export, sequestration, or mutations in the target enzyme.


N-acylglucosamine 2-epimerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-acyl-D-glucosamine = N-acyl-D-mannosamine.


purine ribonucleotide binding

Binding to a purine ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine ribonucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety.


eurydendroid cell differentiation

The process in which neuroblasts acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mature eurydendroid cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a neuroblast to a eurydendroid cell fate. A eurydendroid cell is an efferent neuron found in the cerebellar cortex of teleosts.


lymphocyte migration into lymph node

The movement of a lymphocyte within the lymphatic system into a lymph node, and its subsequent positioning within defined functional compartments such as sites of cell activation by antigen.


negative regulation of glomerular filtration by angiotensin

The process in which angiotensin directly decreases the rate of glomerular filtration in the kidney. Glomerular filtration is the processs whereby blood is filtered by the glomerulus into the renal tubule.


L-arabinose biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-arabinose, arabino-pentose.


Leydig cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of Leydig cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Leydig cells are interstitial cells located adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testis which produce testosterone.


The methylation of the N-terminal phenylalanine of proteins to form the derivative N-methyl-L-phenylalanine.


regulation of gastric mucosal blood circulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gastric mucosal blood circulation.


regulation of establishment of competence for transformation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which a cell becomes able to take up and incorporate extracellular DNA into its genome.


GGU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GGU codon.


isopullulanase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of pullulan to isopanose (6-alpha-maltosylglucose).


phosphatidylethanolamine:Kdo2-lipid A phosphoethanolamine transferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: Kdo2-lipid A + phosphatidylethanolamine = phosphoethanolamine-Kdo2-lipid A + diacylglycerol.


central B cell tolerance induction

Tolerance induction of B cells in the bone marrow.


CD4-positive gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell differentiation

The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a CD4-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell. Intraepithelial T cells are found among epithelial cells in mucosal areas and have distinct phenotypes and developmental pathways.


dimethyl ether metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethyl ether, CH3-O-CH3, the simplest ether. Dimethyl ether, also known wood ether and methyl ether, is a colorless gas that has been used in refrigeration applications.


Catalysis of the reaction: [(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl](n) + phosphate = [(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl](n-1) + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate; substrates include laminarin.


positive regulation of peptidoglycan recognition protein signaling pathway

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the peptidoglycan recognition protein signaling pathway.


glucosylglycerol transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a glucosylglycerol from one side of a membrane to the other. A glucosylglycerol is an alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-(1,2)-glycerol.


modulation of blood pressure in another organism

A process by which one organism modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system of another organism.


spore wall biogenesis

A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a spore wall. A spore wall is the specialized cell wall lying outside the cell membrane of a spore.


compartment boundary maintenance

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a compartment boundary. A compartment boundary is a lineage restriction boundary within a developing tissue which does not correspond to some morphological barrier.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + ethanolamine phosphate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-methylethanolamine phosphate.


GGC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GGC codon.


regulation of retinal rod cell fate commitment

Any process that modulates the process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a retinal rod cell. A retinal rod cell is one of the two photoreceptor subtypes in a camera-type eye.


Catalysis of the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-hydroxynicotinate to 2,5-dihydroxypyridine, dependent on O2, NADH +H+ and FAD.


sucrose alpha-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sucrose + H2O = alpha-D-glucose + beta-D-fructose.


isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, mevalonate pathway involved in terpenoid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate pathway that contributes to terpenoid biosynthesis. This pathway converts acetate, in the form of acetyl-CoA, to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) through a series of mevalonate intermediates.


(S)-corytuberine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + (S)-reticulinium(1+) + NADPH + O2 <=> (S)-corytuberine + NADP + 2 H2O.


NADPH-dependent dihydrocurcumin reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrocurcumin + NADPH+ + H+ = tetrahydrocurcumin + NADP+.


regulation of macrophage tolerance induction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of macrophage tolerance induction.


mast cell homeostasis

The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of mast cells such that the total number of mast cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus.


tetraterpenoid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.


vitexin 2''-O-rhamnoside 7-O-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + vitexin 2''-O-beta-L-rhamnoside = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 7-O-methylvitexin 2''-O-beta-L-rhamnoside.


mesonephric mesenchyme development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of mesonephric mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Mesonephric mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the mesonephros.


sodium-dependent self proteolysis

The sodium-dependent hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their own peptide bonds.


negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).


protein-phosphocysteine-D-fructose-phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein S-phosphocysteine + D-fructose(out) = protein cysteine + D-fructose-1-phosphate(in).


guanosine deaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: guanosine + H2O = xanthosine + NH3.


acetate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of acetate from one side of a membrane to the other. Acetate is the 2-carbon carboxylic acid ethanoic acid.


thigmotropism

The movement of an organism, or part of an organism, such as leaves or tendrils, in response to a touch stimulus, usually toward or away from it.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate = S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate.


auxin conjugate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving auxin conjugates, a bound form of auxin.


trihydroxytoluene dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3,5-trihydroxytoluene + O2 = 2,4,6-trioxoheptanoate.


S-methylmethionine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S-methyl-methionine (SMM) from methionine and S-adenosyl-methionine (Ado-Met), catalyzed by methionine S-methyltransferase (MMT). SMM can be reconverted to methionine by donating a methyl group to homocysteine, and concurrent operation of this reaction and that mediated by MMT sets up the SMM cycle.


versiconal reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: versiconol + NADP <=> versiconal hemiacetal + NADPH + H+.


D-xylose fermentation

The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of D-xylose to ethanol, yielding energy in the form of ATP.


iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl L-cysteine persulfido L-glutamato L-histidino L-serinyl nickel triiron disulfide trioxide

The incorporation of iron into a 3Fe-2S cluster by tris-L-cysteinyl L-cysteine persulfido L-glutamato L-histidino L-serinyl nickel triiron disulfide trioxide.


helper T cell diapedesis

The passage of a helper T cell between the tight junctions of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, typically the fourth and final step of cellular extravasation.


pollen wall assembly

The formation of reticulate pollen wall pattern consisting of two layers, exine and intine.


phytol kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phytol + CTP = phytyl monophosphate + CDP + H+.


protein-disulfide reductase (glutathione) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + protein-disulfide = glutathione disulfide+ protein-dithiol.


apiose metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving apiose, the branched tetrose 3-C-(hydroxymethyl)-D-glycero-tetrose.


cyclization of glutamine involved in intein-mediated protein splicing

The cyclization of glutamine to yield an L-glutamimide residue at the C-terminus of an excised intein during protein splicing.


disruption of host tight cell-cell junction

The process by which a symbiont effects a change in the structure or function of tight cell-cell junctions between cells of the host. Tight cell-cell junctions, a cell-cell junction that seals cells together in an epithelium in a way that prevents even small molecules from leaking from one side of the sheet to the other.


response to water-immersion restraint stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of water immersion while being held immobile.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-propyl-3(2H)-furanone + NADP <=> (2E)-4-hydroxy-5-methyl-2-propylidene-3(2H)-furanone + NADPH + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + UDP-2-acetamido-4-amino-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-glucose = L-glutamate + UDP-2-acetamido-4-dehydro-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-glucose.


cobinamide kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cobinamide + ATP = cobinamide phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation of the hydroxyl group of the 1-amino-2-propanol residue of cobinamide, in the presence of ATP, to form cobinamide phosphate.


ATPase-coupled L-glutamine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + glutamine(out) -> ADP + phosphate + glutamine(in).


3'-5' DNA/RNA helicase activity

Unwinding of a DNA/RNA duplex in the 3' to 5' direction, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide + O2 + 2 H+ + NADH = 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetamide + catechol + NAD+.


cardioblast cell fate commitment

The process in which a cell becomes committed to becoming a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


histone H3R8 methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (histone H3)-arginine (position 8) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (histone H3-N-methyl-arginine (position 8). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the arginine residue at position 8 of histone H3.


benzyladenine UDP glycosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + N-benzyladenine <=> H+ + N-benzyl-9-(alpha-D-glucosyl)adenine + UDP.


histone H4K12 methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H4 L-lysine (position 12) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H4 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 12). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the lysine residue at position 12 of the histone H4 protein.


steryl-beta-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cholesteryl-beta-D-glucoside + H2O = D-glucose + cholesterol.


histamine-gated chloride channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when histamine has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


sperm DNA decondensation

Unwinding of the condensed nuclear chromatin of an inactive male pronucleus after fertilization.


positive regulation of heart rate by epinephrine

The process in which the secretion of epinephrine into the bloodstream or released from nerve endings increases the rate of heart muscle contraction.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + O2 + 2,5-dihydroxypyridine = formate + maleamate.


fluoren-9-ol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: fluoren-9-ol + 2 NADP+ = fluoren-9-one + 2 NADPH + 2 H+.


RNA polymerase V activity

Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template that contains an RNA polymerase V specific promoter to direct initiation and catalyses DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'.


negative regulation of astrocyte chemotaxis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of astrocyte chemotaxis.


regulation of vasoconstriction by circulating norepinephrine

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reductions in the diameter of blood vessels as a result of secretion of norepinephrine into the bloodstream.


T cell secretory granule organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule in a T cell. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion.


alpha-linked polysaccharide catabolism to maltotriose

The breakdown of large alpha-linked polysaccharides by hydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages to yield maltotriose.


phenanthrol sulfotransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrol + X-SO3(-) = HX + phenanthrylsulfate.


protein N-linked glycosylation via tryptophan

The glycosylation of protein via peptidyl-tryptophan, 1'-glycosyl-L-tryptophan; results in the formation of an (S)-2-amino-3-(1-D-mannopyranosyloxy-1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid residue.


serine-type D-Ala-D-Ala carboxypeptidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (Ac)2-L-Lys-D-alanyl-D-alanine + H2O = (Ac)2-L-Lys-D-alanine + D-alanine.


oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton polarization

Establishment and maintenance of a specific axis of polarity of the oocyte microtubule network. The axis is set so that the minus and plus ends of the microtubules of the mid stage oocyte are positioned along the anterior cortex and at the posterior pole, respectively. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


molybdopterin synthase activity

Catalysis of the conversion of precursor Z to molybdopterin, the final step in molybdopterin biosynthesis.


positive regulation of androstenedione secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of androstenedione secretion.


zymosterol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of zymosterol, (5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol).


negative regulation of heat generation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of heat generation.


leading edge cell fate determination

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a leading edge cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + RRACH = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + RRm6ACH; R is a purine, and H is C, A, or U.


protein-heme linkage via 3'-L-histidine

The covalent linkage of heme and a protein via 3'-L-histidine (otherwise known as pi-heme-histidine, pros-heme-histidine).


Malpighian tubule bud morphogenesis

The morphogenetic process in which a bud forms from the embryonic hindgut tube to form the Malpighian tubule. A bud is a protrusion that forms from the tube by localized changes in cell shape and position.


endo-alpha-(2,8)-sialidase activity

Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (2->8)-alpha-sialosyl linkages in oligo- or poly(sialic) acids.


DNA excision

The removal of a section of DNA from a larger DNA molecule by the making of dual incisions that flank the section to be excised.


regulation of multicellular organismal development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of multicellular organismal development.


kappa-carrageenase activity

Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of 1,4-beta-D-linkages between D-galactose 4-sulfate and 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose in kappa-carrageenans.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin.


lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate and L-2-acetamido-6-oxoheptanedioate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine, via the intermediates diaminopimelate and L-2-acetamido-6-oxoheptanedioate; in this pathway tetrahydrodipicolinate is converted to meso-diaminopimelate in four enzymatic steps.


lactase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: lactose + H2O = D-glucose + D-galactose.


suppression by virus of host interferon-mediated signaling pathway

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of interferon-mediated signaling in the host organism.


activation of prostate induction by androgen receptor signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by androgen binding to its receptor in the urogenital sinus mesenchyme that initiates prostate induction. Prostate induction is the close range interaction of the urogenital sinus mesenchyme and the urogenital sinus epithelium that causes the cells of the urogenital sinus epithelium to change their fates and specify the development of the prostate gland.


prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of prostaglandins from one side of a membrane to the other. A prostaglandin is any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring due to the formation of a bond between two carbons of a fatty acid. They have a wide range of biological activities.


positive regulation of inhibin secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of inhibin from a cell.


endoplasmic reticulum cisternal network maintenance

The organization process that preserves the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternal network in a stable functional or structural state. The ER cisternal network is the ER part that comprises the membranes with low curvature in cross-section.


mycodextranase activity

Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in alpha-D-glucans containing both 1,3- and 1,4-bonds.


GSI anchor metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosylsphingolipidinositol (GSI) anchors, which attach membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane.


RNA translocase activity

Generating a movement along a single- or double-stranded RNA molecule, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


mammary stem cell proliferation

The expansion of a mammary stem cell population by cell division. Mammary stem cells are a source of cells for growth of the mammary gland during puberty and gestation. These cells can give rise to both the luminal and myoepithelial cell types of the gland, and can regenerate the entire organ.


ciliary pro-basal body maturation

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the conversion of an immature and partially assembled ciliary pro-basal body into a mature basal body that is capable of nucleating a cilium.


negative regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte apoptotic process.


negative regulation of starch metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of starch metabolic process.


regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuromuscular synaptic transmission.


muscle cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a muscle cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


cyclization of asparagine involved in intein-mediated protein splicing

The cyclization of asparagine to yield an L-aspartimide (otherwise known as alpha-aminosuccinimide) residue at the C-terminus of an excised intein during protein splicing.


iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tetrakis-L-cysteinyl diiron disulfide

The incorporation of iron into a 2Fe-2S iron-sulfur cluster via tetrakis-L-cysteinyl diiron disulfide.


negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glycinergic

Any process that stops or decreases the frequency, rate or extent of glycinergic synaptic transmission. Glycinergic synaptic transmission is the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glycine.


O antigen metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the O side chain of a lipopolysaccharide, which determines the antigenic specificity of the organism. It is made up of about 50 repeating units of a branched tetrasaccharide.


chorismate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimate = chorismate + phosphate.


GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-alpha-D-mannose = GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-alpha-D-mannose + H2O.


sporangiospore formation

The process in which sporangiospores, a type of asexual spore found in fungi, are formed. Sporangiospores are formed within sac-like structure, the sporangium, following the division of the cytoplasm.


4-(cytidine 5'-diphospho)-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-CDP-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol + ATP = 4-CDP-2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactosyl-3-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl)-L-serine + H2O = D-galactosyl-3-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine + L-serine in mucin-type glycoproteins.


intestinal lipid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown into fatty acids and monoglycerides of lipids in the small intestine. Lipids are broken down by lipases released by the pancreas.


Catalysis of the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate to a serine residue in a protein.


Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxylate + an aromatic amino acid = L-glycine + an aromatic oxo acid.


apigenin-7,4'-dimethyl ether 6-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: apigenin-7,4'-dimethyl ether + O2 + NADPH + H+ <=> ladanein + H2O + NADP.


Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->5)-alpha-arabinofuranosidic linkages in (1->5) arabinans.


glutathione transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, from one side of a membrane to the other.


eriodictyol 2-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: eriodictyol + NADPH + O2 + 2 H+ <=> 2-hydroxyeriodictyol + NADP + H2O.


allantoinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: allantoin + H2O = allantoate.


peptidyl-threonine decanoylation

The decanoylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O3-decanoyl-L-threonine, typical of the protein ghrelin.


MHC class Ib protein complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MHC class Ib protein complex. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules.


spermidine:coumaroyl CoA N-acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a coumaroyl group to a nitrogen atom on the spermidine molecule.


coenzyme F420 binding

Binding to F420, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes.


glycerol-3-phosphate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of glycerol-3-phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycerol-3-phosphate is a phosphoric monoester of glycerol.


positive regulation of renal sodium excretion by pressure natriuresis

An increase in the amount of sodium excreted in urine over a unit of time, as a result of pressure natriuresis.


methionine racemase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine = D-methionine.


flower formation

The process that gives rise to the flower. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


(S)-usnate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (6R)-2-acetyl-6-(3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-3-hydroxy-6-methylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one + NAD+ = (S)-usnate + 2 H+ + NADH.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + an N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosalaminyl-[glycan] = N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine + a glycan.


GMP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of GMP, guanosine monophosphate.


collecting lymphatic vessel constriction

A decrease in the diameter of collecting lymphatic vessels.


CCC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CCC codon.


4-hydroxyphenylacetate transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of 4-hydroxyphenylacetate from one side of a membrane to the other.


negative regulation of fibronectin-dependent thymocyte migration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibronectin-dependent thymocyte migration.


regulation of cell proliferation involved in mesonephros development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in mesonephros development.


cell septum edging catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the dissolution of the septum edging during cell separation.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucosamine + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + CoA + H+.


snoRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II

The synthesis of small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter.


neural plate thickening

The process of apical-basal elongation of individual ectodermal cells during the formation of the neural placode.


Pup conjugating enzyme activity

Isoenergetic transfer of Pup from one protein to another via the reaction X-Pup + Y = Y-Pup + X, where both the X-Pup and Y-Pup linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal amino acid of Pup and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue.


regulation of uredinium development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of uredinium development, a process that leads to the formation of a reddish, pustule-like structure formed by a rust fungus and consisting of uredospores.


equator specification

The formation and development of the equator that forms the boundary between the photoreceptors in the dorsal sector of the eye and those in the ventral sector, dividing the eye into dorsal and ventral halves.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + thioredoxin.


Catalysis of the reaction: galactitol-1-phosphate + NAD+ = D-tagatose 6-phosphate + NADH + H+.


interleukin-21 production

The appearance of interleukin-21 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


pole plasm mitochondrial rRNA localization

Any process in which mitochondrial ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


neuromast development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neuromast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neuromast is the sensory organ of the lateral line and is composed of a population of sensory hair cells, and nonsensory supporting cells and mantle cells. Neuromasts are located superficially on the epithelium or in lateral line canals.


positive regulation of peptide antigen transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptide antigen transport.


detection of electrical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain

The series of events that contribute to the perception of pain in which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


morphogenesis of larval imaginal disc epithelium

The process in which the anatomical structures of a larval imaginal disc epithelium are generated and organized.


Catalysis of the reaction: pyrophosphate + a 2,4-dioxotetrahydropyrimidine D-ribonucleotide = PRPP + a 2,4-dioxotetrahydropyrimidine.


positive regulation of distal tip cell migration

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of distal tip cell migration.


cyclohexane monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexane + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+ = cyclohexanol + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


response to freezing

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a freezing stimulus, temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius.


mesenchyme migration involved in limb bud formation

The migration of mesenchymal tissue that contributes to the formation of a limb bud.


CD86 biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD86, a CD marker that occurs on antigen presenting cells that provides co-stimulatory signals necessary for T cell activation and survival.


cell chemotaxis involved in Malpighian tubule morphogenesis

The directed movement of the outgrowing Malpighian tubule guided by specific chemical cues/signals. Movement may be towards a guidance cue (positive chemotaxis) or away from it (negative chemotaxis). Guidance contributes to the final positioning of the tubule.


5'-hydroxyl dinucleotide hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in 5'OH-RNA according to the reaction 5'OH-RNA + H20 = 5'OH-NpN (dinucleotide) + 5'P-RNA.


suppression by virus of host innate immune response

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the host organism, the host's first line of defense.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,6-dioxo-6-phenylhexanoate + NADP+ = 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate + H+ + NADPH.


positive regulation of posterior neural plate formation by fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway

Any process that increases the rate or extent of the formation of the posterior neural plate, the posterior end of the flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate.


regulation of maltoheptaose metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of maltoheptaose metabolic process.


2-hydroxy-but-3-enyl glucosinolate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of progoitrin, a 2-hydroxy-but-3-enyl glucosinolate. Glucosinolates are substituted thioglucosides found in rapeseed products and related cruciferae, and progoitrin has been implicated in causing goiters in mammals and bitter taste in cruciferous vegetables.


establishment of bipolar cell polarity

The specification and formation of bipolar intracellular organization or cell growth patterns. Bipolar organization is the organization that is a mirror image along an axis from a plane.


rhombomere 8 morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of rhombomere 8 is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in an anterior to posterior order.


protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-galactosamine phosphotransferase system transporter activity

Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + galactosamine(out) = protein histidine + galactosamine phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


rolling hairpin viral DNA replication

A viral DNA replication process where a 3' hairpin structure in the viral single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) template serves as a primer for host enzymes to synthesize DNA.


catabolism by virus of host DNA

The breakdown of host DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, by a virus.


branching involved in mammary gland cord morphogenesis

The process in which the branching structure of the mammary gland cord is generated and organized. The mammary gland cord is a solid epithelial structure that will hollow out, forming the mammary duct.


monoatomic cation efflux transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a cation or cations from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.


carvone reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: carvone + 2 H+ + 2 e- = dihydrocarvone.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichloro-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = 2,4-dichloro-cis,cis-muconate.


positive regulation of amine catabolic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of amines.


Catalysis of the reaction: 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = 11-deoxycortisol + H+ + H2O + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase].


p-cresol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of p-cresol.


neuroblast delamination

The negative regulation of cell adhesion process in which a neuroblast splits off of a neurectodermal sheet.


siderophore catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.


L-sorbose oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-sorbose + O2 = 5-dehydro-D-fructose + H2O2.


regulation of erythrocyte apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte apoptotic process.


pancreatic D cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features that characterize a pancreatic delta cell. A delta cell is a cell of the pancreas that produces somatostatin.


lactate racemase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-lactate = (R)-lactate.


tRNA acetylation

The modification of tRNA structure by addition of an acetyl group to tRNA. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid.


flavin reductase (NADH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a reduced flavin + NAD+ = an oxidized flavin + 2 H+ + NADH.


isopimaradienal hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: isopimaradienal + NADPH + O2 <=> isopimaric acid + NADP + H2O.


rhombomere 7 development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 7 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order.


lysine carbamoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysine + carbamoyl phosphate = L-homocitrulline + H+ + phosphate.


prophase

The cell cycle phase which is the first stage of M phase of meiosis and mitosis and during which chromosomes condense and the two daughter centrioles and their asters migrate toward the poles of the cell.


protein targeting to Golgi apparatus

The process of targeting specific proteins to the Golgi apparatus. Usually requires an organelle-specific protein sequence motif or a protein modification (for example a palmitoylation).


plasmacytoid dendritic cell activation

A change in the morphology or behavior of a plasmacytoid dendritic cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methylhexanoyl-CoA = 2-methylhex-2-enoyl-CoA + 2 H+ + e-.


Catalyzes the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-xylose + [protein with EGF-like domain]-3-O-(beta-D-glucosyl)-L-serine <=> UDP + [protein with EGF-like domain]-3-O-(alpha-D-xylosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl)-L-serine.


angiotensin-mediated vasodilation involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

The process that increases the diameter of a blood vessel via the renin-angiotensin system.


methylthioribulose 1-phosphate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate = 5-(methylthio)-2,3-dioxopentyl phosphate + H2O.


regulation of atrichoblast fate specification

Any process that modulates atrichoblast fate specification.


branched duct epithelial cell fate determination, open tracheal system

Allocation of a set number of cells to each primary branch in an open tracheal system, prior to the onset of cell migration. This establishes different domains of cells within the tracheal placode.


chemoattraction of dopaminergic neuron axon

The process in which a dopaminergic neuron growth cone is directed to a specific target site in response to an attractive chemical signal.


regulation of lung goblet cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lung goblet cell differentiation.


Catalysis of the reaction: fluoroacetaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = fluoroacetate + NADH + 2 H+.


glucose catabolic process to D-lactate and ethanol

The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the enzymatic breakdown of D-glucose to D-lactate and ethanol, yielding energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at the rate of one ATP per glucose molecule.


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + glycine + ATP(4-) <=> H+ + indole-3-acetyl-glycine + AMP(2-) + diphosphoric acid.


allose transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of allose from one side of a membrane to the other. Allose is an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3.


vascular endothelial cell response to laminar fluid shear stress

Any response to laminar fluid shear stress in a vascular endothelial cell.


positive regulation of potassium ion export across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion export across the plasma membrane.


alpha-cuprenene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate <=> (-)-alpha-cuprenene + diphosphoric acid.


[methyl-Co(III) methylamine-specific corrinoid protein]:coenzyme M methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: [methyl-Co(III) methylamine-specific corrinoid protein] + coenzyme M = [Co(I) methylamine-specific corrinoid protein] + H+ + methyl-coenzyme M. This reaction is the transfer of the methyl group from the methylated corrinoid cofactor of a methylamine corrinoid protein to coenzyme M.


taste bud morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the taste bud are generated and organized. The taste bud is a specialized area of the tongue that contains taste receptors.


NAD-dependent protein demyristoylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N6-tetradecanoyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + NAD+ + H2O = tetradecanoyl-ADP-D-ribose + L-lysyl-[protein] + nicotinamide.


allantoicase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: allantoate + H2O = (S)-ureidoglycolate + urea.


pinocarveol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: pinocarveol = pinocarvone + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


high-affinity IgE receptor activity

Combining with high affinity with an immunoglobulin of the IgE isotype via the Fc region, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


eugenol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of eugenol, a colorless, aromatic, liquid hydrocarbon (C10H12O2) found in clove oil.


4,6-pyruvylated galactose residue biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the pyruvylated galactose residue 4-6-O-[(R)(1-carboxyethylidine)]-Gal-beta-1,3-. The galactose residue is part of a larger polysaccharide chain.


D-arabinose 1-dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinose + NAD(P)+ = D-arabinono-1,4-lactone + NAD(P)H + H+.


type III site-specific deoxyribonuclease activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA to give double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. ATP hydrolysis is required. Cleavage is dependent on the presence of two copies of a specific recognition sequence in an inverse orientation in the DNA. Cleavage occurs at a specific distance from one of the recognition sites.


exochitinase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal 1,4-beta-linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins. Typically, exochitinases progressively cleave off two subunits from the reducing or non-reducing ends of the chitin chain.


indole alkaloid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving an indole alkaloid, an alkaloid containing an indole skeleton.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + chondroitin = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + chondroitin 2'-O-sulfate. Results in sulfation of glucuronic acid and iduronic acid residues.


negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator.


central nervous system formation

The process that gives rise to the central nervous system. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain, spinal cord and spinal nerves. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord.


CCACCA tRNA nucleotidyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an unstable tRNA + 2 ATP + 4 CTP = a tRNA with a 3' CCACCA end + 6 diphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3',4',5,6-tetrahydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone + S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 3',4',5-trihydroxy-3,6,7-trimethoxyflavone + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


berbamunine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-N-methylcoclaurine + (R)-N-methylcoclaurine + [reduced NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = berbamunine + [oxidized NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + 2 H2O.


mycothiol-dependent detoxification

The chemical reactions using mycothiol to convert an alkylating agent to an S-conjugate of mycothiol. The latter is cleaved to release mercapturic acid which is excreted from the cell.


2-aminobenzoyl-CoA reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA + 2 H+ + 2 e- = NH3 + benzoyl-CoA.


ADP-ribosylserine hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-seryl-[protein] + H2O = L-seryl-[protein] + ADP-ribose.


stress response to acid chemical

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis caused by the chemical structure of the anion portion of a dissociated acid (rather than the acid acting as a proton donor). The acid chemical may be in gaseous, liquid or solid form.


negative regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity.


dextranase activity

Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of 1,6-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in dextran.


Catalysis of the reaction: 8'-apo-beta-carotenol + O2 = (E,E)-7-hydroxy-6-methylhepta-3,5-dienal + 14'-apo-beta-carotenal.


negative regulation of intermediate mesodermal cell fate determination

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intermediate mesoderm cell fate determination.


inositol-3-phosphate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate = 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate. This reaction requires NAD, which dehydrogenates the CHOH group to CO at C-5 of the glucose 6-phosphate, making C-6 into an active methylene, able to condense with the aldehyde at C-1. Finally, the enzyme-bound NADH reconverts C-5 into the CHOH form.


rhamnogalacturonan I backbone metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the alternating alpha-(1->2)-linked rhamnose and alpha-(1->2)-linked B-galacturonic acid residues of the rhamnogalacturonan I backbone.


ribonuclease P4 activity

Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA, removing 3'-extranucleotides from tRNA precursor.


dihydroxy-acid dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoate = 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + H2O.


positive regulation of macrophage proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage proliferation.


monoatomic cation:bicarbonate symporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: monoatomic cation(out) + HCO3-(out) = monoatomic cation(in) + HCO3-(in).


leucine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-hydroxymethylfurfural + NAD(P)H + H+ = 2,5-bis-hydroxymethylfuran + NAD(P)+.


cellular response to trehalose stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a trehalose stimulus.


17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone binding

Binding to 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone.


negative regulation of reverse cholesterol transport

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of reverse cholesterol transport.


detection of inactivity

The series of events in which a inactivity stimulus is received by a cell or organism and converted into a molecular signal.


CUC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CUC codon.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + H+ + pyruvate = 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + CO2.


entry receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell

The process by which a virion attaches to a host cell by binding to a receptor on the host cell surface that mediates/triggers viral entry by endocytosis/pinocytosis or by inducing fusion/penetration.


RNA polyadenylation at postsynapse

A polyadenylation event (the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues at the 3' end of an RNA molecule) that takes place at a postsynapse.


globose nucleus development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the globose nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


negative regulation of T cell anergy

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell anergy.


protoaphin-aglucone dehydratase (cyclizing) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: protoaphin aglucone = H2O + xanthoaphin.


trans-geranyl-CoA isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: trans-geranyl-CoA = cis-geranyl-CoA.


farnesol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the sesquiterpenoid alcohol farnesol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10,dodecatrien-1-ol.


optic vesicle formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the optic vesicle from the lateral wall of the forebrain. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the vesicle and ends when the vesicle has evaginated. The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup.


coenzyme F420-0:L-glutamate ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + L-glutamate + factor F420-0 = GDP + H+ + factor gamma-F420-1 + phosphate.


fruit dehiscence

The process leading to the spontaneous opening of the fruit permitting the escape of seeds.


atrial septum intermedium development

The progression of the atrial septum intermedium over time, from its formation to the mature structure.