Stoma Site Infection

An infectious process affecting a surgically created opening in the surface of the body.


Recurrent Urinary System Carcinoma

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Reemergence of a urinary system carcinoma after a period of remission.


Severe Mosquito Bite Allergy

An EBV-positive NK-cell lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by high fever and intense local skin symptoms, including erythema, bullae, ulcers, skin necrosis, and deep scarring following mosquito bites. Patients have NK-cell lymphocytosis in the peripheral blood and an increased risk of developing hemophagocytic syndrome and progressing into overt NK/T-cell lymphoma or aggressive NK-cell leukemia in the longstanding clinical course. (WHO 2017)


Classical Hodgkin lymphoma type posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder

An Epstein-Barr positive lymphoproliferation fulfilling the criteria for classic Hodgkin lymphoma and arising as a result of post-transplant immunosuppression therapy.  It is most often seen in renal transplant patients.


Stage I Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v7

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades lamina propria or muscular layer.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Metastatic Digestive System Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the gastrointestinal system and has metastasized to other anatomic sites.


Unresectable Meningioma

A meningioma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage IV Adult Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma

Stage IV: Disseminated (multifocal) involvement of one or more extralymphatic sites with or without associated lymph node involvement or isolated extralymphatic organ involvement with distant (nonregional) nodal involvement. (PDQ)


Spinal Cord Hamartoma

A hamartoma that occurs in the spinal cord.


Delusional disorder, unspecified type

A subtype of delusional disorder applied when the dominant delusional theme cannot be clearly determined.


Lymphoma, AIDS-Related

An aggressive lymphoma that develops in HIV-positive patients.  There is a significant increase in the incidence of lymphomas associated with the AIDS epidemic.  These lymphomas are usually extranodal, most often express a B-cell phenotype and morphologically are classified as Burkitt, diffuse large B-cell, and Hodgkin lymphomas.  The prognosis is closely related to the severity of immunodeficiency.


Stage IV Appendix Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1.  M1: Distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Full thickness burn

An injury that includes all skin layers into the subcutaneous tissue due to chemical, friction, radiation or thermal exposure. The affected area appears dry and thickened; damage to nerve endings usually renders the wound painless.


Cervical Neuroendocrine Tumor

A well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the cervix. It may be classified as G1 (low grade) or G2 (intermediate grade) neuroendocrine tumor.


Gastric Antrum Carcinoma In Situ AJCC v6 and v7

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0.  Tis: Carcinoma in situ: intraepithelial tumor without invasion of the lamina propria.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Primary Cutaneous Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, Rare Subtype

A rare, mature T-Cell lymphoma arising from the skin.


Locally Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma

A urothelial carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


High Grade Urothelial Carcinoma

Urothelial carcinoma characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells with high grade features.


Recurrent Astrocytoma, IDH-Mutant

The reemergence of IDH-mutant astrocytoma after a period of remission.


Congenital Vena Cava Abnormality

An abnormality of the superior or inferior vena cava that is present at birth. Representative examples include persistent left superior vena cava, absence of infrarenal inferior vena cava, or absence of the entire inferior vena cava.


Serum CEA Level Elevated

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The amount of carcinoembryonic antigen present in a serum sample is elevated.


Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome

A constellation of symptoms lasting months to years reported by some Lyme disease patients who had undergone previous antibiotic therapy.


Childhood Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis with Risk Organ Involvement

Langerhans cell histiocytosis that occurs during childhood and involves the bone marrow, spleen, liver, or lung.


Prostate Non-Neoplastic Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the prostate gland.  Representative examples include acute and chronic prostatitis.


Stage IB Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IB includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm and 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Metanephric stromal tumor

A rare benign renal neoplasm composed of moderately cellular spindle cells. It occurs mostly in infancy and childhood.


Ipsilateral Nodule

A metastatic tumor nodule located in the same side of the organ in which the primary tumor occurred.


Lymphoma stage III

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm (III), which also may be accompanied by extralymphatic extension in association with adjacent lymph node involvement (IIIE) or by involvement of the spleen (IIIS) or both (IIIE,S).


Blood Cardiac Troponin I Increased

A laboratory test result which indicates increased levels of cardiac troponin I in a biological specimen.


Miscellaneous Neoplasm

A benign or malignant neoplasm which is not further characterized.


Esophageal Adenocarcinoma by AJCC v8 Pathologic Stage

A term that refers to the pathologic staging of esophageal adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


Scrotal hernia

The protrusion of abdominal cavity contents into the scrotal sac.


Integumentary System Signs and Symptoms

Patient complaints (symptoms), physical and/or laboratory findings related to the skin or integument.


Stage I Cervical Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage I includes: I (T1, N0, M0); IA (T1a, N0, M0); IA1 (T1a1, N0, M0); IA2 (T1a2, N0, M0); IB (T1b, N0, M0); IB1(T1b1, N0, M0); IB2 (T1b2, N0, M0). T1: Cervical carcinoma confined to uterus (extension to corpus should be disregarded). T1a: Invasive carcinoma diagnosed only by microscopy. Stromal invasion with a maximum depth of 5.0 mm measured from the base of the epithelium and a horizontal spread of 7.0 mm or less. Vascular space involvement, venous or lymphatic, does not affect classification. T1a1: Measured stromal invasion 3.0 mm or less in depth and 7.0 or less horizontal spread.  T1a2: Measured stromal invasion more than 3.0mm and not more than 5.0 mm with a horizontal spread 7.0mm or less. T1b: Clinically visible lesion confined to the cervix or microscopic lesion greater than T1a/IA2. T1b1: Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. T1b2: Clinically visible lesion more than 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


COVID-19-Associated Encephalitis

Encephalitis caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


Recurrent Malignant Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor

The reemergence of a malignant nongerminomatous germ cell tumor after a period of remission.


Refractory Malignant Male Reproductive System Neoplasm

Malignant male reproductive system neoplasm that is resistant to treatment.


Ampulla of Vater Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

A well differentiated, intermediate grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the ampulla of Vater and the periampullary region. The mitotic count is 2-20 per 10 HPF.


Advanced Lymphoma

Lymphoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Stage IIC Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IIC includes: T4b, N0, M0. T4b: Tumor directly invades other organs or structures.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Chest Pain Along Left Anterior Axillary Line

The location of the chest pain is along the anterior axillary line on the left side.


Cervical Cancer by AJCC v9 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of cervical cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 9th edition. This staging system applies to carcinomas and carcinosarcomas. It does not apply to sarcomas, lymphomas, and melanomas. Sarcomas are staged according to the corpus uteri classification for sarcomas. Lymphomas are staged according to Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma classification. Melanomas are not staged. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


bite injury

A wound inflicted by the teeth or fangs of an individual or animal.


Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumor by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of a digestive system neuroendocrine tumor, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.


Stage IIA1 Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIA1 includes: T2a1, Any N, M0. T2a1: Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. Clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Refractory Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

Neuroendocrine carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


Cutaneous Melanoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of cutaneous melanoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system does not apply to melanoma of the conjunctiva, melanoma of the uvea, mucosal melanoma arising in the head and neck, and mucosal melanoma of the urethra, vagina, rectum, and anus. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Dermal nerve sheath myxoma

A usually painless, slow growing benign tumor that most often arises from the extremities. It is characterized by the presence of abundant myxoid matrix and small epithelioid neoplastic Schwann cells.


Congenital Amegakaryocytosis

A rare disorder of infancy characterized by marked reduction or absence of megakaryocytes and thrombocytopenia.


Cannabis dependence, episodic

Physical and psychological dependence on the drug cannabis, which is associated with a pattern of episodic use.


Closed dislocation of hip

A closed dislocation of the hip.


Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

A pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Non-Neoplastic Hematologic and Lymphocytic Disorder

A disorder that arises from the bone marrow or lymphoid system and is characterized by the absence of a clonal cellular component. It rarely progresses to a malignant neoplasm.


Stage II Urethral Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: For male penile urethra and female urethra: Tumor invades any of the following: corpus spongiosum, periurethral muscle. For prostatic urethra: Tumor invades the prostatic stroma surrounding ducts either by direct extension from the urothelial surface or by invasion from prostatic ducts. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Mesonephric Hyperplasia

A hyperplasia of the mesonephric cells.


Stage IB Ampulla of Vater Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IB includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invades the duodenal wall.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Corrosive injury

Destruction of tissue by a chemical substance.


Contact lens overwear syndrome (disorder)

Ocular pain which may be very intense, accompanied by corneal epithelium damage, conjunctival injection, lacrimation, blepharospasm, photophobia and hazy vision following corneal edema caused by overwear of contact lenses, principally the PMMA type.


neuroendocrine carcinoma of anal canal

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the anal canal. The mitotic count is more than 20 per 10 HPF. According to the size of the malignant cells, the prominence of the nucleoli, and the amount of cytoplasm, it is classified either as small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.


Lugano Classification Limited Stage Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Limited stage adult Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages I, IE, II, and IIE. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Burning Chest Pain

The sensation of chest pain described as an intense discomfort, similar to that experience as a result of a thermal burn, distinct from sharp, stabbing or aching, often related to nerves; sometimes used to describe gastric or esophageal pain.


Unresectable Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Adenoid cystic carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Intraoperative Head and Neck Injury

Damage to head and neck during a surgical procedure.


AIDS-Related Diffuse Small Cleaved Cell Lymphoma

A non-Hodgkin lymphoma occurring in HIV-positive patients.  It is composed of small cleaved lymphocytes.


Bile Duct Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm, Low Grade

A non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts.  It is characterized by the presence of mild atypia.


Childhood Gliosarcoma

A gliosarcoma that occurs during childhood.


Undifferentiated Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

An undifferentiated carcinoma which has metastasized to another anatomic site and the original site of growth has not been identified.


P450 Oxidoreductase Deficiency

Decreased or absent activity of P450 oxidoreductase due to mutation(s) in the POR gene.


Parapsoriasis lichenoides

A rare condition that stimulated chronic radiodermatitis.  It is considered a variant of mycosis fungoides.


acute undifferentiated leukemia in relapse

The reemergence of acute undifferentiated leukemia after a period of remission.


Sweat Gland Tubular Carcinoma

An aggressive adenocarcinoma that arises from the sweat glands. It usually presents as a firm, erythematous nodular lesion in the axilla. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of tubular structures and apocrine differentiation.


Stage III Vulvar Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: T1-T2, N1-N2c, M0. T1: Tumor confined to the vulva and/or perineum. Multifocal lesions should be designated as such. The largest lesion or the lesion with the greatest depth of invasion will be the target lesion identified to address the highest pT stage. Depth of invasion is defined as the measurement of the tumor from the epithelial-stromal junction of the adjacent most superficial dermal papilla to the deepest point of invasion. T2: Tumor of any size with extension to adjacent perineal structures (lower/distal third of the urethra, lower/distal third of the vagina, anal involvement). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis with one or two lymph node metastases each less than 5 mm, or one lymph node metastasis equal to 5 mm. N2a: Three or more lymph node metastases each less than 5 mm. It includes micrometastasis, N2mi. N2b: Two or more lymph node metastases equal to 5 mm. N2c: Lymph node(s) metastasis with extranodal extension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Parathyroid chief-cell hyperplasia

A hyperplasia of the chief cells of the parathyroid gland.


Lower Thigh Pain

A painful sensation in the distal thigh area.


Balloon cell nevus

An uncommon variant of melanocytic nevus. It presents as a small pigmented skin lesion. It is characterized by the presence of large melanocytes with clear, foamy or finely vacuolated cytoplasm. It may recur if it is not completely excised.


Endocrine Therapy Toxicity

Indicates that a toxicity adverse effect has been experienced during endocrine drug treatment.


Microcyst

A tiny cyst that is usually identified by microscopic examination in a tissue specimen.


Sacral Myelocele

Herniation of spinal cord tissue and meninges through a defect in the sacral region of the vertebral column. The protrusion of the tissue is flush with the level of the skin surface.


Metastatic Neoplasm to the Bladder

The spread of a malignant neoplasm to the urinary bladder wall from an adjacent or distant anatomic site.


Long-Term Effects Secondary to Cancer Therapy in Children


Lugano Classification Stage III Adult Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm; nodes above the diaphragm with spleen involvement. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Acute Submassive Pulmonary Embolism

Acute pulmonary embolism with evidence of right ventricular dysfunction, but not associated with systemic hypotension.


Enterochromaffin-Like Cell Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

A well differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine neoplasm (carcinoid tumor) arising from the gastrointestinal tract. It is characterized by the presence of enterochromaffin-like type granules in the neoplastic cells.


Stage IVB Gallbladder Carcinoma

Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N2, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1).  N2: Metastases to periaortic, pericaval, superior mesenteric artery, and/or celiac artery lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Clinical Stage I Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Chronic Total Occlusion Vessel

A longstanding, complete blockage of a vessel. (ACC)


Hematoma of rectus sheath

A collection of blood in the rectus sheath due to disruption of the superior or inferior epigastric arteries, which may present following direct trauma to the rectus abdominis muscle or anticoagulation therapy.


Malignant Germinative Follicular Epithelium Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that arises from germinative follicular epithelial cells.


Ampulla of Vater Cancer by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of ampulla of Vater cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


Recurrent Childhood Central Nervous System Neoplasm

The reemergence of central nervous system neoplasm in childhood after a period of remission.


COVID-19-Associated Stroke

Cerebrovascular accident caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).


Stage 0 Uterine Corpus Cancer

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis.  This staging applies to carcinomas and carcinosarcomas.  FIGO no longer includes Stage 0 (Tis). (AJCC 7th ed.)


Metastatic Digestive System Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

Digestive system neuroendocrine tumor G2 that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Stage IVB Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

The cervical carcinoma has spread to distant organs. (FIGO 2018)


Cervical Papillary Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A human papillomavirus-related cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of papillary structures covered with epithelial cells which show features of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. The malignant cellular component below the papillary structures is a squamous cell carcinoma.


Childhood Undifferentiated High Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone

An undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma that arises from the bone and occurs during childhood.


Refractory Primary Amyloidosis

Primary amyloidosis that does not respond to treatment.


Plasma Kallikrein Deficiency

A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of plasma-type kallikrein activity in the blood.


Childhood Refractory Malignant Solid Neoplasm

A childhood malignant solid neoplasm that does not respond to treatment.


Factor VII Inactivation

Presence of inactivating antibodies to factor VII in the blood.


Intraoperative Urinary System Injury

Damage to any part of the urinary system during a surgical procedure.


Blast Injuries

The result of physical trauma sustained in an explosion.


Discoid Rash

A disc-shaped patch(es) of skin inflammation that is red, raised, and scaly; it typically develops on the face, scalp, and neck, and often leaves scars and dyspigmentation as a result of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.


Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma

Hodgkin lymphoma occurring in adults.


Signet Ring Cell/Histiocytoid Carcinoma

A rare aggressive adnexal carcinoma preferentially affecting the eyelid and histopathologically resembling a metastatic lobular carcinoma of the breast and/or some adenocarcinomas arising in the gastrointestinal tract. (WHO 2018)


benign mature teratoma of pancreas

A mature teratoma that arises from the pancreas.


Recurrent Low Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


Early Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis

Prosthetic valve endocarditis that occurs days to weeks after surgery.


Advanced Pancreatic Carcinoma

Pancreatic carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Meningohydroencephalocele

A congenital neural tube closure defect resulting in protrusion of the brain, the meninges, and the ventricular system through an opening in the skull, usually involving the squamous part of the occipital bone..


Skin squamous cell carcinoma metastatic

Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin which has spread to other anatomic sites.


Refractory Cervical Adenocarcinoma

Cervical adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Chest Pain Along Midclavicular Line

The location of the chest pain is along an imaginary vertical line on the chest originating from the midpoint of a clavicle.


Poorly Differentiated Prostate Adenocarcinoma

An invasive prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of poorly differentiated malignant cells.


Sickle cell-thalassemia disease

Hemolytic anemia, in which patients are heterozygous for both the sickle cell gene and a thalassemia gene.


Unfavorable Hodgkin Lymphoma

A Hodgkin lymphoma with unfavorable prognosis.


Primary Parathyroid Gland Hyperplasia

Parathyroid gland hyperplasia that occurs in the absence of physiological stimuli.


Stage IVB Osteosarcoma AJCC v7

Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N1, Any M, Any G); (Any T, Any N, M1b, Any G).  N1: Regional lymph node metastasis.  M1b: Metastasis to other distant sites. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Pericardial Adenomatoid Tumor

A very rare benign neoplasm of mesothelial origin that arises from the pericardium.


Infarction of spinal cord

Ischemic necrosis of the spinal cord caused by occlusion of the arteries that supply blood to the spinal cord. Signs and symptoms include intermittent back pain, pain in the legs, paralysis, and incontinence.


Lower Ribs Pain

A sensation of discomfort emanating from the inferiormost (verterbrochondral or vertebral) ribs.


Hereditary Angioedema Types I and II

Autosomal dominant inherited disorders characterized by abnormalities of C1 inhibitor. Patients present with swelling of the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and mucosa sites. In type I hereditary angioedema, the plasma levels of C1 inhibitor are decreased. In type II hereditary angioedema, the C1 inhibitor is dysfunctional and its plasma levels may be normal or elevated.


Uterine Corpus Cancer by AJCC v7 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of uterine corpus cancer (carcinoma or carcinosarcoma) according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


Recurrent Malignant Bone Neoplasm

Reemergence of a malignant bone neoplasm after a period of remission.


Gallbladder Mucinous Cystic Neoplasm with an Associated Invasive Carcinoma

A mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the gallbladder and it is associated with an invasive carcinomatous component.


Sporadic Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor

A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor that is not caused by inherited genetic mutations.


Carcinoid tumor of the liver

An extremely rare, well differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm arising from the liver. The neoplastic cells express immunohistochemical evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation.


Voice Alteration

Change in the sound and/or speed of the voice. Causes include laryngeal polyp, laryngitis, laryngeal carcinoma, throat carcinoma, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, hypothyroidism, oral surgery, tracheostomy, tracheal injury, and laryngeal injury.


TdT Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia


Adult Gliosarcoma

A gliosarcoma occurring in adults.


Stage II Ureter Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Reactogenicity

An expected set of reactions that may occur soon after injection of a vaccine. These expected adverse reactions are a physical manifestation of the inflammatory response to the vaccine.


Mosquito-borne hemorrhagic fever

A group of viral illnesses that are vectored by mosquitoes, and that are characterized by increased susceptibility to bleeding diatheses.


congenital renal arteriovenous malformation

A benign vascular lesion characterized by the presence of a complex network of communicating arterial and venous vascular structures in the kidney.


Craniotubular Hyperostosis

A group of sclerosing bone dysplasias characterized by pronounced sclerosis of the cranial vault and the long bones, resulting in increased cortical bone density. Most cases are caused by mutation(s) in the SOST or LRP5 genes, encoding sclerostin and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5, respectively. Other genes have been implicated, and some cases have been described, but do not yet have identified genetic mutations.


Stage IB Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor AJCC v7

Stage IB includes: T1, M0, Risk factors: high risk.  T1: Tumor confined to uterus.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Disseminated carcinoma

Carcinoma that is spread throughout the body.


Insomnia due to organic factors

Insomnia as a result of a physiological cause.


Congenital kyphosis

An abnormally increased curvature of the thoracic portion of the spine that is present at the time of birth.


Human Papillomavirus-Related Malignant Neoplasm in AIDS Patient

A malignant neoplasm caused by human papillomavirus in an a patient with a history of AIDS.


Metastatic Malignant Solid Neoplasm

A malignant solid neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Tiring Pain

A sensation of discomfort or distress that renders an individual weary and without energy.


Clinical Stage IVB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Complication of labor and delivery, unspecified

The occurrence of a pregnancy complication during childbirth, which includes both labor (the process of childbirth) and delivery (the birth itself).


Fibromyxolipoma

A benign well-circumscribed tumor composed of mature adipocytes, characterized by areas of abundant fibrous tissue and extensive myxoid change.


Salt-Wasting 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency

A classic form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia characterized by complete absence of 21-hydroxylase activity resulting in deficiency of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids accompanied by androgen excess causing virilization in female infants. Mineralocorticoid deficiency results in renal salt-wasting, and if untreated, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and shock.


Appendix Mucinous Cystadenoma

A cystically dilated epithelial neoplasm arising from the appendix.  It is characterized by the presence of a cystic structure that is filled with mucus.


Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosis of lymph nodes of multiple sites

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm (III), which also may be accompanied by extralymphatic extension in association with adjacent lymph node involvement (IIIE) or by involvement of the spleen (IIIS) or both (IIIE,S).


Metastatic Bladder Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

Bladder small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site.


Prostate Cancer by Whitmore-Jewett Stage

A term that refers to the staging of prostate carcinoma according to the Whitmore-Jewett staging system.


Clinical Stage II Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: (T2b, N0, M0); (T3a, N0, M0); IIB: (T3b, N0, M0); (T4a, N0, M0); IIC: (T4b, N0, M0). T2b: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T3a: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T3b: Tumor measuring more than 2.0 and equal to or less than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration. T4a: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T4b: Tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: With ulceration.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia with FIP1L1-PDGFRA

Chronic eosinophilic leukemia characterized by the rearrangement of the PDGFRA gene, most often resulting in the formation of FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion transcripts.


Angiosarcoma recurrent

The reemergence of angiosarcoma after a period of remission.


Glioblastoma by Gene Expression Profile

Classification of glioblastoma into molecular subtypes as defined by gene expression profiling.


Metastatic Midgut Neuroendocrine Tumor

A midgut neuroendocrine tumor that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Fluid Discharge

The pouring forth of a fluid.


Stage III Anal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0); IIIC: (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but equal to or smaller than 5 cm. T3: Tumor larger than 5 cm. T4: Tumor of any size invading adjacent organ(s), such as the vagina, urethra, or bladder. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in inguinal, mesorectal, internal iliac, or external iliac nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Primary acquired melanosis

A spectrum of neoplastic changes that occur in the conjunctiva and range from melanocytic hyperplasia through degrees of atypia to melanoma in situ. The lesions are generally unilateral but often multifocal and appear as flat, irregular brown discolorations of the conjunctiva. They usually affect middle-aged and elderly Caucasians. (WHO 2018)


Mediastinal Hemorrhage

Bleeding originating from the mediastinum.


Gallbladder Goblet Cell Carcinoid

An invasive mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder characterized by the presence of neoplastic signet-ring cells resembling goblet cells of the intestine.


High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Small Cell Neuroendocrine Variant

High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of small neuroendocrine cells in the affected glands.


Locally Advanced Ampulla of Vater Carcinoma

Carcinoma that arises from the ampulla of Vater and has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Intraoperative Respiratory Injury

Damage to the respiratory system during a surgical procedure.


Monomorphic Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

A clonal lymphoproliferative disorder arising as a result of post-transplant immunosuppression therapy. It is characterized by destructive infiltration of lymph nodes and extranodal sites by a monotonous population of transformed lymphocytes or plasma cells.  It includes two variants: monomorphic B-cell and monomorphic T/NK cell post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders.


Zoonotic Spillover

Transmission of an infectious disease from a reservoir vertebrate population with a high pathogen prevalence coming into contact with a naive human population.


Pathologic Stage IV Retinoblastoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: Any pT, Any N, cM1 or pM1, Any H. cM1: Distant metastasis without microscopic confirmation. pM1: Distant metastasis with microscopic confirmation. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. H0: Normal RB1 alleles in blood tested with demonstrated high-sensitivity assays. H1: Bilateral retinoblastoma, retinoblastoma with an intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (i.e., trilateral retinoblastoma), patient with family history of retinoblastoma, or molecular definition of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. (AJCC 8th ed.)


EBV-Associated Smooth Muscle Tumor

A rare smooth muscle neoplasm of uncertain biological potential. It is associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection and seen in patients with immunodeficiency, including primary immunodeficiency, HIV/AIDS infection, and post-transplant immunosuppression.


Locally Advanced Carcinoma

A carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Chest Pain Along Left Middle Sternal Border

The location of the chest pain is along the left middle border of the sternum.


Myocardial degeneration

Degeneration of myocardial tissue.


Astler-Coller C2 Colon Carcinoma

Stage III includes: IIIA (T1-T2, N1, M0); IIIB (T3-T4, N1, M0); IIIC (Any T, N2, M0). N1: Metastasis in 1 to 3 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 4 or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IVB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Gastrinoma, malignant

A gastrin-producing neuroendocrine tumor.  It is characterized by inappropriate secretion of gastrin and associated with Zollinger Ellison syndrome.  It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.


Congenital Defects of Phagocyte Number, Function, or Both

A group of diseases or disorders caused by genetic defects within the immune system and comprising: Congenital neutropenia; Defects of motility; Defects of respiratory burst; and other nonlymphoid defects.


Megakaryocytic Neoplasm

A neoplasm affecting cells of the megakaryocytic lineage.


Chronic Cutaneous Graft Versus Host Disease

Chronic graft versus host disease (GvHD) occurring in the skin.


Injury of bronchus

Trauma to the lung bronchi.


EBV positive mucocutaneous ulcer

A rare Epstein-Barr virus-positive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder which presents as an ulcerative mucocutaneous lesion. It is associated with immune suppression, including age-related and drug-induced immunosuppression.


Malignant melanoma in junctional nevus

A melanoma arising from a melanocytic nevus which involves the dermal-epidermal junction of the skin.


Recurrent Cancer of Gallbladder

The reemergence of gallbladder carcinoma after a period of remission.


Orbivirus infection

An infection that is caused by Orbivirus.


Unclassified Hepatocellular Adenoma

A hepatocellular adenoma without distinguished morphologic characteristics or known molecular abnormalities.


Congenital arteriovenous malformation of gastrointestinal tract

A benign vascular lesion characterized by the presence of a complex network of communicating arterial and venous vascular structures in the gastrointestinal tract.


Increased Fibroblast Growth Factor Pathway Activation

A finding indicating increases in fibroblast growth factor (FGF) activity, activation of FGF-dependent pathways and proliferation of cells in a cellular sample.


Contact dermatitis due to acid

Contact dermatitis caused by exposure to acids.


Congenital His bundle tachycardia

A congenital disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of tachycardia that affects neonates and infants. It results from an increased automaticity in the atrioventricular node and His bundle.


Extracranial Solid Neoplasm

A solid neoplasm involving any anatomic site other than the brain.


High Metal Ion Levels

High blood or serum levels of ions which are attributed to one or more medical devices used, such as but not limited to Co, Cr, Ti, Ni, Mo.


Adenocarcinoma endometrial recurrent

The reemergence of endometrioid adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


A myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm arising as a result of the mutagenic effect of chemotherapy agents and/or radiation that are used for the treatment of neoplastic or non-neoplastic disorders.


Adult Favorable Prognosis Hodgkin Lymphoma

A Hodgkin lymphoma with favorable prognosis that occurs during adulthood.


Unresectable Mucosal Melanoma

Mucosal melanoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to soft tissues

A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the soft tissues from another anatomic site.


A2/3 Hydronephrosis

Antenatal hydronephrosis with the following clinical findings: 1) an anterior-posterior renal pelvis diameter (APRPD) of greater than or equal to 7mm at less than 28 weeks, 2) greater than or equal to10 mm at greater than or equal to 28 weeks, or 3) any one of the following findings: a)dilation of peripheral calyces, b) abnormal parenchymal thickness or appearance, c) visibly dilated ureter, d) an abnormal bladder, or e) the presence of oligohydramnios suspected to be related to the urinary tract. (Adapted from: Hiep T. Nguyen, Carol B. Benson, Bryann Bromley, Jeffrey B. Campbell, Jeanne Chow, Beverly Coleman, Christopher Cooper, Jude Crino, Kassa Darge, C.D. Anthony Herndon, Anthony O. Odibo, Michael J.G. Somers, Deborah R. Stein; Multidisciplinary consensus on the classification of prenatal and postnatal urinary tract dilation (UTD classification system); Pediatric Urology; December 2014 Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 982-998)


Carcinoma Unspecified Site

Carcinoma in which the site of involvement is not specified.


Locally Advanced Gallbladder Carcinoma

Gallbladder carcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Stage I Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage I: Involvement of a single lymph node region (I); or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site in the absence of any lymph node involvement (IE) (rare in Hodgkin lymphoma).


Stage II Esophageal Cancer AJCC v7

Stage II includes: For squamous cell carcinoma: IIA (T2-3, N0, M0, G1, GX, Tumor location: Upper, middle); (T2-3, N0, M0, G2-3, Tumor location: Lower, X); IIB (T2-3, N0, M0, G2-3, Tumor location: Upper, middle); (T1-2, N1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any).  For adenocarcinoma: IIA (T2, N0, M0, G3); IIB (T3, N0, M0, Any G); (T1-2, N1, M0, Any G).  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  G1: Well differentiated.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed-stage grouping as G1.  G2: Moderately differentiated.  G3: Poorly differentiated.  Tumor location: Location of the primary cancer site is defined by the position of the upper (proximal) edge of the tumor in the esophagus.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(17;17)(q21;q21)

Acute myeloid leukemia with the variant RARA t(17;17)(q21;q21) and the expression of STAT5B-RARA fusion protein.


Posterior Subcapsular Cataract Grade 2

A stage of posterior subcapsular cataract characterized by 30% of the posterior capsule obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II)


ASS1 Gene Deficiency

A genetic finding indicating that low expression of the ASS1 gene has been detected in a sample.


Cannabis dependence, continuous

Physical and psychological dependence on the drug cannabis, which is associated with a pattern of continuous use.


Locally Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma

A gastric adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Anal Canal Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

A well differentiated, low grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the anal canal. The mitotic count is less than 2 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is equal to or less than 2 percent.


Bile Duct Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A neoplastic, non-invasive lesion that affects the intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile duct epithelium.  It is characterized by the presence of atypical epithelial cells with an increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear hyperchromasia, and loss of nuclear polarity.


Locally Advanced Sarcoma

Sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Locally Advanced Unresectable Bone Sarcoma

A bone sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes and is not amenable to surgical resection.


Borderline Fallopian Tube Neoplasm

A rare epithelial tumor arising from the fallopian tube without definitive morphologic characteristics of malignancy.  This category includes borderline mucinous and serous neoplasms and borderline endometrioid tumor.


Recurrent Endometrial Serous Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial serous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Platinum-Refractory Fallopian Tube Carcinoma

Fallopian tube carcinoma that progresses during platinum therapy or within one month of completing the last platinum therapy.


Stage IV Skin Cancer

Stage IV includes: (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T Any, N3, M0); (T4, N Any, M0); (T Any, N Any, M1).  T1: Tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension with less than two high-risk features.  T2: Tumor size greater than 2 cm in greatest dimension or tumor of any size with two or more high-risk features.  T3: Tumor with invasion of maxilla, mandible, orbit, or temporal bone.  T4: Tumor with invasion of skeleton or perineural invasion of skull base.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, more than 3 cm but not more than 6 cm in greatest dimension; or in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension; or in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension.  N3: Metastasis in a lymph node, more than 6 cm in greatest dimension.  M1: Distant metastases.  (AJCC 7th Ed.)


Shared Paranoid Disorder

A disorder in which a delusion develops in an individual in the context of close relationship with another person who already has that established delusion, most likely as the consequence of schizophrenia or delusional disorder.


Sebaceoma

A benign sebaceous neoplasm arising in the deep dermis.


Breast Papillary Neoplasm

A benign or malignant papillary neoplasm that arises from the breast.  It is characterized by the presence of epithelial proliferations that are supported by fibrovascular cores.  Representative examples are intraductal papilloma and papillary carcinoma.


Castleman Disease, Hyaline-Vascular Type

The commonest type of Castleman disease. It is seen most commonly in the mediastinum. Histologically this is characterized by hyalinized germinal centers surrounded by small lymphocytes in a concentric fashion, giving an onion skin appearance.


Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma with Giant Cells

An infiltrating urothelial carcinoma of the bladder with giant cells.


Childhood Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma

A classic Hodgkin lymphoma that occurs during childhood.


Unresectable Digestive System Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

A digestive system neuroendocrine neoplasm that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Enteroglucagonoma

An endocrine neoplasm producing glucagon.


Recurrent Nevus

A nevus that recurs after incomplete surgical removal, biopsy, or trauma. (WHO 2018)


Venomous Animal Contact

Contact with a venomous animal.


Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Major Congenital Anomaly

A major congenital anomaly is a structural or functional defect with the following three characteristics: 1) Of prenatal origin; 2) Present at the time of live birth or fetal demise, or in utero; 3) Affecting (or has the propensity to affect) the health, survival, or physical or cognitive functioning of the individual.


Carcinoma of unknown primary

A carcinoma which has metastasized from an unknown primary anatomic site.


Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Neoplasm (Antiquated)


Clinical Chorioamnionitis

Inflammation of the fetal sac membranes, characterized by otherwise unexplained fever (at or above 38 degree C (100.4F)) with one or more of the following: uterine tenderness and/or irritability, leukocytosis, fetal tachycardia, maternal tachycardia, or malodorous vaginal discharge.


Ventral hernia without mention of obstruction or gangrene

The protrusion of contents of the abdominal cavity through the abdominal wall, at the site of the linea alba, without mention of obstruction or necrosis of the herniated contents.


Lumbar meningomyelocele

A congenital abnormality in the lumbar region of the spine, in which the spinal cord and meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column. The protrusion is above the skin surface.


Autoimmune Atrophic Chronic Gastritis

Chronic atrophic gastritis that is caused by autoimmune destruction of parietal cells in the stomach resulting in hypochlorhydria and decreased production of intrinsic factor.


Stage I Low-CSD Melanoma AJCC v7

Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0); IB: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2a, N0, M0).  T1a: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring 1.0 mm or less in thickness, without ulceration and mitosis less than 1/mm2.  T1b: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring 1.0 mm or less in thickness, with ulceration or mitoses equal to or more than 1/mm2. T2a: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring 1.01-2.0 mm in thickness, without ulceration.  N0: No regional lymph node metastases.  M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Malignant Bladder Paraganglioma

An extra-adrenal sympathetic paraganglioma of the bladder that metastasizes to other anatomic sites.


Infant Leukemia

An acute lymphoblastic or acute myeloid leukemia that occurs in infancy.


Complication due to Medical/Surgical Care

An untoward event that can be attributed to care received during a medical/surgical event.


Ancylostomiasis due to Ancylostoma ceylonicum (disorder)

Infection by Ancylostoma ceylanicum.


Distal Esophagus Adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma arising from the lower third of the esophagus. The vast majority of esophageal adenocarcinomas involve the lower third of the esophagus.


Elevated EBV DNA

A finding indicating elevated concentrations of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in a sample.


Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1

Squamous or glandular cervical intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of mild dysplastic changes.


Diffuse KATP-Associated Hyperinsulinism

KATP-associated hyperinsulinism affecting all pancreatic beta cells.


Recurrent Acute Erythroid Leukemia

The reemergence of acute erythroid leukemia after a period of remission.


Anxiety disorder due to a general medical condition

An anxiety disorder in which the symptoms of anxiety have been determined to be the direct physiological consequence of a general medical condition.


Stage IVB Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma involving distal organs outside the pelvis. (FIGO 2009)


Basal cell carcinoma - keratotic

A variant of basal cell carcinoma with the architectural features of a nodular basal cell carcinoma.  It is characterized by the formation of keratin (horn cysts) in the center of the tumor islands.  Dystrophic calcification is frequently present.


Complication

Any disease or disorder that occurs during the course of, or because of, another disease, treatment, or procedure.


Anaplastic Diencephalic Astrocytoma

An anaplastic astrocytoma that occurs in the diencephalon.


A reactive proliferation of the conjunctival squamous epithelium not associated with glandular elements.


Philadelphia Chromosome Negative BCR-ABL1 Negative Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia


Lymphoproliferative Disease Associated with Primary Immune Disorder

A lymphoid proliferation that arises in the setting of immune deficiency due to a primary immunodeficiency or immunoregulatory disorder. The primary immune disorders most frequently associated with lymphoproliferative disorders are ataxia-telangiectasia, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, common variable immunodeficiency, severe combined immunodeficiency, X-linked lymphoproliferative disease, Nijmegen breakage syndrome, hyper-IgM syndrome, and autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. (WHO 2017)


Radiating Chest Pain Along Right Lower Sternal Border

The location of the radiating chest pain is along the right lower sternal border.


Recurrent Histiocytic and Dendritic Cell Neoplasm

The reemergence of a histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasm after a period of remission.


Stage III Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma

Ann Arbor Classification: Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm (III), which also may be accompanied by extralymphatic extension in association with adjacent lymph node involvement (IIIE) or by involvement of the spleen (IIIS) or both (IIIE,S).


Vascular anomaly of eyelid

Any non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the arteries, veins, or lymphatic vessels of the eyelid.


Stage III Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma and Sympathetic Paraganglioma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, Any N, M0). T1: Pheochromocytoma measuring less than 5 cm in greatest dimension, with no extra-adrenal invasion. T2: Pheochromocytoma measuring 5 cm or more in greatest dimension or paraganglioma-sympathetic of any size, with no extra-adrenal invasion. T3: Tumor of any size with invasion into surrounding tissues (e.g., liver, pancreas, spleen, kidneys). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IIIA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IIIA includes: (T1-2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Resectable tumor invading pleura, pericardium, or diaphragm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


verrucous carcinoma of vagina

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vagina and is characterized by a papillary growth pattern, acanthotic epithelium with minimal or absent atypia, and pushing borders.


Testicular Seminoma with Syncytiotrophoblastic Cells

A testicular seminoma characterized by the presence of syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells.


Peritoneal Implant

Deposits of borderline, malignant, and rarely benign tumors, usually from the ovary, on the peritoneal surface.


Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Recurrent Genetic Abnormalities

An acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities occurring in adults.


High Grade Liver Dysplastic Nodule

A hepatic dysplastic nodule characterized by the presence of high grade atypical cellular changes.


Sporadic Gastric Adenocarcinoma

A primary adenocarcinoma of the stomach in a patient with no family history of gastric cancer or inherited high risk mutations.


Subacute Placental Infarction

A focus of necrotic placental parenchyma with moderate hyalinization and fibrosis with partial absence of the necrotic chorionic villi, which is frequently 3-5 days of duration.


K ATP Permanent Neonatal Diabetes

K ATP channel-associated neonatal diabetes mellitus that does not resolve spontaneously.


Resectable Sarcoma

Sarcoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Accident

An unforeseen and unplanned event or circumstance frequently causing loss or injury.


Clinical Stage I Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0); IB: (T1b, N0, M0); (T2a, N0, M0). T1a: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. T1b: Tumor measuring less than 0.8 mm in thickness with ulceration, or 0.8-1.0 mm with or without ulceration. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 1.0 and equal to or less than 2.0 mm in thickness. Ulceration status: Without ulceration. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Endometrial cystic hyperplasia

Benign endometrial hyperplasia characterized by the presence of cystically dilated glands.


Imaging Finding

The result of an evaluation technique using a visual display of structural or functional patterns of organs or tissues that is performed to determine the presence, absence, or degree of a condition.


Meniscal Cyst

A cyst located at the periphery of the meniscus.


Malignant Lymphoma, Histiocytic, Diffuse


Papillary mucinous cystadenoma

A usually benign and less often low malignant potential cystic epithelial neoplasm composed of cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. It is characterized by the presence of papillary structures.


Acute gonococcal infection of lower genitourinary tract

A gonococcal infection of the lower urinary tract that is rapid in onset.


Musculoskeletal Chest Pain due to Rib Injury

A condition in which there is musculoskeletal chest pain secondary to trauma to one or more ribs. (ACC/AHA)


Parathyroid Clear Cell Hyperplasia

A hyperplasia of the clear cells of the parathyroid gland.


Paradental Cyst

An inflammatory collateral cyst that arises on the lower third molars. (WHO 2017)


FIGO Stage II Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor

Lesion invades outside of the uterus, but it is limited to the genital structures.


Malignant Paraganglionic Neoplasm

A paraganglioma that metastasizes to regional or distant anatomic sites.  Extraadrenal paragangliomas have a higher tendency to metastasize, as compared to pheochromocytomas.  Common sites of metastasis include the lymph nodes, lungs, bones, and liver.


Peripheral Pulmonary Nodule

A pulmonary nodule located in the outer third of the lung.


Psychotic disorder due to a general medical condition

A psychotic disorder characterized by prominent hallucinations or delusions that have been determined to be etiologically linked to a general medical condition.


Stage II Prostate Cancer AJCC v7

Stage II includes: IIA (T1a-c, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Gleason 7); (T1a-c, N0, M0, PSA equal or more than 10 and less than 20, Gleason equal or less than 6); (T2a, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Gleason equal or less than 7); (T2b, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Gleason equal or less than 7); (T2b, N0, M0, PSA X, Gleason X); IIB (T2c, N0, M0, Any PSA, Any Gleason); (T1-2, N0, M0, PSA equal or more than 20, Any Gleason); (T1-2, N0, M0, Any PSA, Gleason equal or more than 8).  T1a: Tumor incidental histologic finding in 5% or less of tissue resected.  T1b: Tumor incidental histologic finding in more than 5% of tissue resected.  T1c: Tumor identified by needle biopsy (e.g., because of elevated PSA).  T2a: Tumor involves one-half of one lobe or less.  T2b: Tumor involves more than one-half of one lobe, but not both lobes.  T2c: Tumor involves both lobes.  cN0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  pN0: No positive regional nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  Gleason 7: Moderately differentiated (moderate anaplasia).  Gleason Equal or Less than 6: Well differentiated (slight anaplasia).  Gleason equal or more than 8: Poorly differentiated/undifferentiated (marked anaplasia).  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IV Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

The cervical carcinoma has extended beyond the true pelvis or has involved (biopsy proven) the mucosa of the bladder or rectum. (A bullous edema, as such, does not permit a case to be allotted to Stage IV). (FIGO 2018)


Encephalopathy of Prematurity

A condition affecting premature infants characterized by white matter injury, which is frequently accompanied by neuronal/axonal disease, that may affect all brain parenchymal structures and is due to a combination of destructive processes as well as maturational and trophic disturbances.


Severe Aplastic Anemia

Life-threatening anemia associated with a high risk of infection or bleeding.


Refractory Extracranial Malignant Solid Neoplasm

An extracranial malignant solid neoplasm that is resistant to treatment.


Flat adenoma

An adenoma of the gastrointestinal tract mucosa which grossly and morphologically does not appear as an elevated or polypoid lesion.


Pathologic Stage III Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N2, M0, Any G); (T2, N1, M0, Any G); IIIB: (T2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Adult Solid Neoplasm

A solid neoplasm (e.g., carcinoma, sarcoma) occurring in adults.


Ampulla of Vater Neuroendocrine Tumor by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of an ampulla of Vater neuroendocrine tumor according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the ampulla of Vater. Carcinomas of the ampulla of Vater, including high-grade (grade 3), poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas are not included in this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Aggressive digital papillary adenoma

An eccrine sweat gland adenoma with aggressive local growth. Most cases present as nodular lesions on the digits. It is characterized by the presence of tubular and ductal structures with areas of papillary projections into cystic lumina.


Ductal Eccrine Carcinoma with Spindle Cell Elements

A variant of ductal eccrine carcinoma with spindled cell appearance.


Pancreatic carcinoma recurrent

The reemergence of pancreatic carcinoma after a period of remission.


Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis in which a patient's serum is positive for certain disease-related antibodies including anti-cyclic citrullinated peptides (anti-CCPs), also called anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs),and rheumatoid factor (RF). Screening for anti-CCPs is more specific than RF which can be found in other pathologic conditions. The production of these disease-associated antibodies may precede the development of clinical symptoms by several years. Seropositive patients have a greater likelihood of developing extra-articular complications and a more severe course of disease.


Spitzoid melanoma

A melanoma that shares histopathologic and clinical features with atypical Spitz nevus.


Acquired Rickets

Rickets that is caused by vitamin D deficiency, hypocalcemia, or renal failure.


Diffuse Glioma

A glioma that has diffusely infiltrated the surrounding central nervous system tissues.


Acquired Phrenic Nerve Injury

Damage to the phrenic nerve that was not present at birth.


Vulvar Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion, HPV-Associated

An intraepithelial lesion of the vulvar squamous epithelium associated with HPV infection. It is characterized by maturation abnormalities and nuclear hyperchromasia that are confined to the basement membrane.


Pathologic Stage IC Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IC includes: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Childhood Mixed Cellularity Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma

Mixed cellularity classic Hodgkin lymphoma occurring in childhood.


Cebocephaly

A congenital abnormality characterized by a malformation of the head. The eyes are hypoteleric and the nose may be absent or misshapen (small, flattened, single nostril) and defective.


Stage I Skin Cancer

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0.  T1: Tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension with less than two high-risk features.  High-risk features for the primary tumor staging are defined as follows: depth/invasion of more than 2 mm thickness, Clark level equal or greater than IV, and perineural invasion.  Anatomic location: primary site ear and primary site non-hair-bearing lip.  Differentiation: poorly differentiated or undifferentiated.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IVB Prostate Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, N0, M1, PSA: Any, Grade Group: Any. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M1: Prostate cancer with distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IIC Testicular Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIC includes: (Any pT/TX, N3, M0, S0); (Any pT/TX, N3, M0, S1). TX: Testicular cancer in which the primary tumor cannot be assessed. N3: Testicular cancer with metastasis with a lymph node mass larger than 5 cm in greatest dimension. M0: Testicular cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. S0: Marker study levels within normal limits. S1: LDH less than 1.5 x N and hCG (mlU/mL) less than 5,000 and AFP (ng/mL) less than 1,000. N indicates the upper limit of normal for the LDH assay. (AJCC 8th ed.)


More Than Two Separate Tumor Masses Present in the Same Organ

A finding indicating the presence of more than two separate tumor masses in the same organ.


Breast Columnar Cell Lesion

A morphologic spectrum of lesions that arise in the terminal ductal lobular units of the breast parenchyma.  These lesions are characterized by the presence of columnar epithelial cells that line dilated terminal ductal lobular units.  Cytological and architectural atypia may be absent or minimal, or significant enough to raise the possibility of atypical ductal hyperplasia or ductal carcinoma in situ.  Columnar cell lesions are frequently found in breast biopsies but their biologic significance is not known.


Lymphoma, Mixed-Cell

An antiquated term that refers to a lymphoma composed of a mixture of small and large lymphocytes.


Lugano Classification Stage III Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Stage III: Involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm; nodes above the diaphragm with spleen involvement. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Pre-Gestational Diabetes

Diabetes diagnosed before current pregnancy. (reVITALize)


Type II Endometrial Adenocarcinoma

A classification of primary endometrial adenocarcinomas that refers to clear cell adenocarcinoma, serous adenocarcinoma, and serous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma.


Adenovirus DNA Viremia

A laboratory test result indicating the presence of adenovirus DNA in the blood.


Degenerated Schwannoma

A schwannoma that is characterized by degenerative changes such as hyalinization, hemorrhage, calcification and cystic change.


Unresectable Midgut Neuroendocrine Tumor

A midgut neuroendocrine tumor that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Factor II Inactivation

Presence of inactivating antibodies to prothrombin (factor II) in the blood.


Pathologic Stage IB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IB includes: (T1a, N0, M0, G2); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-2); (T1b, N0, M0, GX). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G2: Moderately differentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Fetus Small for Gestational Age with Abnormal Doppler

A fetus that does not grow beyond the 10th percentile of conventionally accepted weight for gestational age and has abnormal Doppler studies.


Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma to skin

A squamous cell carcinoma that has spread to the skin from another anatomic site.


Peripheral neuropathy due to and following antineoplastic therapy

Any disorder affecting the peripheral nerves resulting from exposure to chemotherapeutic agents.


Finding

Clinical, laboratory or molecular evidence, or absence of evidence of disease.


Type I Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

Total anomalous pulmonary venous return in which the pulmonary veins drain into the right atrium via the superior vena cava.


Childhood Solid Neoplasm

A solid neoplasm (e.g., carcinoma, sarcoma) occurring in children.


Metastatic Low Grade Glioma

Low grade glioma that has spread from its primary site to another anatomic site.


Substance-Induced Persisting Amnestic Disorder

A disorder involving memory impairment (either anterograde or retrograde) that is etiologically linked to the persisting effects of substance use. The memory impairment persists beyond the usual duration of substance intoxication or withdrawal.


Platinum-Resistant Urothelial Carcinoma

Urothelial carcinoma that is resistant to platinum therapy.


Liver Lymphangiomatosis

Multiple lymphangiomas that affect the liver and other anatomic sites. Although histologically benign, diffuse lymphangiomatosis that affects the liver and multiple organs has a poor prognosis.


Supratentorial Ependymoma, Not Otherwise Specified

A circumscribed ependymoma that arises from the supratentorial region of the brain in which the genetic analysis for fusion genes involving ZFTA or YAP1 genes was unsuccessful or not reported.


Thoracic Nodule

A nodular lesion that develops in the chest wall.


Stage II Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage II includes: IIA: (T2/T3, pN0, M0), IIB: (T2/T3, cN0, M0), and IIC: (T4, N0, M0).  T2: Primary tumor greater than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm in maximum dimension.  T3: Primary tumor over 5 cm in maximum dimension.  T4: Primary tumor invades bone, muscle, fascia, or cartilage.  pN0: No regional lymph node metastasis by pathologic examination.  cN0: No regional lymph node metastasis by clinical examination.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th Ed.)


Mixed subtype adenocarcinoma of lung

The most frequently seen morphologic variant of lung adenocarcinoma characterized by a mixture of architectural patterns, including acinar, papillary, bronchioloalveolar, and solid pattern.


Vital Exhaustion

A condition characterized by excessive fatigue and lack of energy, increasing irritability, and feelings of demoralization. Persons who experience this condition are not at an increased risk for cancer.


Hemorrhagic cyst

A cyst containing blood.


Recurrent Anal Canal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The reemergence of anal canal squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


Stage IIA1 Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

Cervical carcinoma limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina and is equal or less than 4 cm in diameter. (FIGO 2009)


Non-Neoplastic Muscle Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the smooth, skeletal, or cardiac muscles.


Stage III Extragonadal Non-Seminomatous Germ Cell Tumor


Vaginal Adenoid Basal Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of nests of basaloid cells with focal glandular formations.


Retinoblastoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of retinoblastoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system does not apply to central nervous system component of "trilateral retinoblastoma" (is staged according to the classification for brain and spinal cord), retinoma (or retinocytoma) (no AJCC staging system), and medulloepithelioma (no AJCC staging system). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Serious Adverse Drug Reaction

A noxious and unintended response to a medicinal product occurring at any dose that results in death, is life-threatening, requires inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, results in a persistent or significant disability/incapacity, or results in a congenital anomaly/birth defect.


Gallbladder Intracholecystic Papillary (Tubular) Neoplasm with Intermediate Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia

An intracholecystic papillary neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the gallbladder. It is characterized by the presence of moderate epithelial atypia.


Unresectable Distal Esophagus Adenocarcinoma

Distal esophagus adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Thoracoschisis

A congenital fissure of the thoracic wall.


Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Barrett Esophagus

Glandular intraepithelial neoplasia arising in Barrett esophagus.


Small plaque parapsoriasis

A variant of parapsoriasis in which the plaques are small.


Gallbladder Cribriform Carcinoma

A rare variant of gallbladder adenocarcinoma.  It is characterized by the presence of a malignant glandular epithelial infiltrate with a cribriform growth pattern.


Accelerated Phase Myeloproliferative Neoplasm

Rapid progression of a myeloproliferative neoplasm, characterized by the presence of myeloblasts accounting for 10-19% of the peripheral blood white cells or the nucleated cells in the bone marrow.


Refractory Epstein-Barr Virus-Related Lymphoproliferative Disease with Primary Immunodeficiency

Epstein-Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disease with primary immunodeficiency that is resistant to treatment.


Overt Primary Myelofibrosis

Primary myelofibrosis characterized by reticulin or collagen fibrosis in the bone marrow. The bone marrow is usually normocellular or hypocellular. Myeloblasts account for less than 10% of the bone marrow cells. Atypical megakaryocytes are present.


Radiating Chest Pain in Sternum

The location of the radiating chest pain is in the middle of the anterior wall of the thorax, bounded by the clavicles, above, and with the cartilages of the first seven ribs, along the sides.


Reduced WAS Protein Expression

An indication that reduced expression of Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASP; WASp) has been detected in a sample.


Stage IIIC2 Uterine Corpus Cancer AJCC v7

Stage IIIC2 includes: T1-T3, N2, M0. T1: Tumor confined to corpus uteri.  T2: Tumor invades stromal connective tissue of the cervix but does not extend beyond uterus.  T3: Tumor involves serosa and/or adnexa, vagina, or parametrial tissue.  N2: Regional lymph node metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes, with or without positive pelvic lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. This staging applies to carcinomas and carcinosarcomas. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Abnormal Blood Gonadotrophin

A laboratory test result which indicates abnormal levels of gonadotrophin hormone in the blood.


Mucosal-Dominant Pemphigus Vulgaris

A subtype of pemphigus vulgaris in which lesions are predominantly found on mucosal membranes with relative sparing of cutaneous tissues.


Metastatic Biliary Tract Carcinoma

A biliary tract carcinoma that has spread from the original site of growth to other anatomic sites.


Cervical Glandular Neoplasm

A benign, malignant, or precancerous neoplasm that arises from the glandular epithelium of the cervix. Representative examples include endocervical polyp, cervical adenocarcinoma, and cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia.


Drug Exposure

Contact with drug.


Metastatic Infiltrating Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma, Micropapillary Variant

Bladder micropapillary variant urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site.


Malignant Intracranial Neoplasm by Morphology


Lugano Classification Advanced Stage Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

Advanced stage adult Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages III and IV. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IIA Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

Cervical carcinoma limited to the upper two-thirds of the vagina without parametrial involvement. (FIGO 2018)


Behavioral insomnia of childhood

A childhood disorder characterized by difficulty initiating and maintaining sleep due to negative sleep associations, refusal to go to bed, and/or repeated attempts to delay bedtime.


Malignant Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumor

A germ cell tumor that affects the central nervous system, characterized by the presence of malignant morphologic characteristics.  Representative examples include choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, and germinoma.


Hodgkin's lymphoma of CNS

A Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the central nervous system.


Vaginal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

A rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the vagina with histologic features resembling cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma.


Posterior Subcapsular Cataract Grade 1

A stage of posterior subcapsular cataract characterized by 3% of the posterior capsule obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II)


Infant Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

An acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs in infancy.


Simple Endometrial Hyperplasia without Atypia

A proliferation of endometrial cells resulting in glandular enlargement and budding without changes in the basic structure of the endometrium. Epithelial atypia is absent.


Locally Advanced Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma

An epithelioid hemangioendothelioma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Neonatal Deformity

A congenital anatomic abnormality manifested during the neonatal period.


Breast Papillary Ductal Hyperplasia

Benign papillary proliferation within the ductal system of the breast parenchyma.


Somatic-Type Malignancy

A malignant non-germ cell component that typically develops secondarily within a germ cell tumor. The malignant cellular component is usually sarcomatous or carcinomatous.


Stage IIB Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIB includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm and 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N1: Metastasis in one to three regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postoperative Spindle Cell Nodule of the Bladder

A benign, reactive lesion of the bladder, occurring status post bladder instrumentation; histologic exam demonstrates a fascicular growth pattern of plump or elongated spindle cells infiltrating the bladder wall without atypia or necrosis.


Microinvasive Anal Carcinoma

Anal carcinoma with minimal stromal invasion.


Subgaleal hemorrhage

Bleeding between the scalp and the periosteum.


Melanoma of Unknown Primary

A melanoma which has metastasized from an unknown primary anatomic site.


Unresectable Malignant Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm which is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage IV Osteosarcoma AJCC v7

Stage IV includes: IVA (Any T, N0, M1a, Any G); IVB (Any T, N1, Any M, Any G); (Any T, Any N, M1b, Any G).  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Regional lymph node metastasis.  M1a: Distant metastasis to lung.  M1b: Metastasis to other distant sites. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Neonatal apneic attack

Apnea occurring during the neonatal period.


Locally Advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

A pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Stage IIIB Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v7

Stage IIIB includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into subserosa or into mesoappendix.  T4: Tumor penetrates visceral peritoneum including mucinous peritoneal tumor within the right lower quadrant and/or directly invades other organs or structures.  N1: Metastasis in 1-3 regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Dialysis Catheter Embolism

An obstruction of a vessel caused by a detached fragment of an indwelling dialysis catheter.


Pathologic Stage 0 Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v8

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Melanoma in situ. Thickness: Not applicable. Ulceration status: Not applicable. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis detected. Presence of in-transit, satellite, and/or microsatellite metastases: No. M0: No evidence of distant metastasis. LDH level is not applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Metastatic Bladder Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Bladder squamous cell carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site.


Transplant-Related Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises in a patient with a history of organ transplantation.


Refractory Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma

An anaplastic oligodendroglioma that is resistant to treatment.


Immunotoxicity

Toxicity that impairs or damages the immune system.


Accessory Urethral Gland Neoplasm

A benign or malignant, primary or metastatic neoplasm affecting the accessory urethral gland.


Stage II Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v6

Stage II includes: IIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIB: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0); (T3, N0, M0).  T2: Tumor perforates the serosa (visceral peritoneum) and/or directly invades the liver and/or one other adjacent organ or structure, such as the stomach, duodenum, colon, or pancreas, omentum or extrahepatic bile ducts. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Ampulla of Vater Undifferentiated Carcinoma

An aggressive carcinoma arising from the ampulla of Vater.  Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells without evidence of glandular or squamous differentiation.  Signs and symptoms include jaundice, abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and weight loss.


Clinical Stage II Retinoblastoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: cT4a, cN0, cM0, Any H. cT4a: Radiologic evidence of retrobulbar optic nerve involvement or thickening of optic nerve or involvement of orbital tissues. cN0: No regional lymph node involvement. cM0: No signs or symptoms of intracranial or distant metastasis. HX: Unknown or insufficient evidence of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. H0: Normal RB1 alleles in blood tested with demonstrated high-sensitivity assays. H1: Bilateral retinoblastoma, retinoblastoma with an intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (i.e., trilateral retinoblastoma), patient with family history of retinoblastoma, or molecular definition of a constitutional RB1 gene mutation. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Peripheral Hemangioblastoma

A hemangioblastoma that arises from peripheral nerves or extraneural tissues.


Non-Ossifying Fibroma

A tumor histologically indistinguishable from, but larger than, benign fibrous histiocytoma of bone.  It usually arises from the metaphysis of long bones.


Clonal Hematopoiesis

Cellular proliferation of hematopoietic cells where a substantial proportion of the cells is derived from a single hematopoietic stem cell lineage.


Hodgkin's Paragranuloma Involving Spleen

An obsolete term that includes cases currently classified as nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma with splenic involvement.


Stage IB1 Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IB1 includes: T1b1, Any N, M0. T1b1: Tumor with clinically visible lesion 4.0 cm or less in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IIA Cervical Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIA includes: T2a, Any N, M0. T2a: Cervical carcinoma invading beyond the uterus but not to the pelvic wall or to lower third of vagina without parametrial invasion. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Liver Radiation Injury

Radiation injury of the liver.


BRCA-Associated Malignant Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm caused by deleterious germline mutation in a gene of the BRCA family.


Blood Bicarbonate Increased

Higher than normal levels of bicarbonate in the blood.


Benign Apocrine Neoplasm

A non-metastasizing neoplasm arising from the apocrine glands.


Non-Neoplastic Tracheal Disorder

A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the trachea.  Representative examples include tracheitis, tracheal agenesis, and tracheal atresia.


Gastroblastoma

A very rare biphasic tumor arising in the gastric muscularis propria (usually of the antrum), generally in boys and young men. It is associated with MALAT1-GLI1 gene fusion. (WHO 2019)


Acute synovitis

An acute inflammation of a synovial membrane. It is associated with swelling and pain in the affected area.


Cheilognathoschisis

A congenital abnormality consisting of a fissure in the midline of the lip and upper jaw.


Hemoglobin Trait

A condition in which a person is heterozygous for a globin gene, with a one normal allele and one defective allele.


HIV lipodystrophy

A neoplastic process characterized by a diffuse poorly circumscribed overgrowth of adipose tissue in the breast and cervical areas, and an accumulation of visceral fat.  It is associated with antiretroviral therapy.  Clinical presentation includes hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and fat atrophy of the face and limbs.


Cortical Cataract Grade 1

A stage of cortical cataract characterized by 10% of the intrapupillary space obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II)


Stage I Uterine Corpus Cancer AJCC v6

Stage I includes: I (T1, N0, M0); IA: (T1a, N0, M0); IB (T1b, N0, M0); IC (T1c, N0, M0).  T1: Tumor confined to corpus uteri. T1a: Tumor limited to the endometrium.  T1b: Tumor invades less than one-half of the myometrium.  T1c: Tumor invades one-half or more of the myometrium.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Stage IIB Anal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIB includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor larger than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Metastatic Mucosal Melanoma

Mucosal melanoma that has spread from its primary site to another anatomic site.


Recurrent Childhood Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma

The reemergence of anaplastic oligodendroglioma in childhood after a period of remission.


Spiradenocylindrocarcinoma

A carcinoma that arises in a spiradenocylindroma.


Ampullary Noninvasive Pancreatobiliary Papillary Neoplasm with High Grade Dysplasia

An ampullary noninvasive papillary neoplasm of the pancreatobiliary type characterized by the presence of high grade dysplasia.


Lithium Induced Birth Defect

Congenital abnormalities, mainly cardiovascular malformations, which develop in a fetus when the mother uses lithium medication during pregnancy.


Hematologic Toxicity

A toxicity that impairs or damages the hematologic system.


Metastatic Vaginal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Vaginal squamous cell carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Platinum-Refractory Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm

A malignant female reproductive system neoplasm that progresses during platinum therapy or within one month of completing the last platinum therapy.


Factor XII Inactivation

Presence of inactivating antibodies to factor XII in the blood.


Papillary cystadenoma, borderline malignancy

A serous or mucinous cystic glandular epithelial neoplasm of low malignant potential. It is characterized by the presence of atypical or malignant glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures with an absence of stromal invasion.


Toxicity due to Psychiatric Drugs

Toxicity that develops due to the administration of psychiatric medications.


Elevated MHC Class II

A finding indicating elevated concentrations of MHC class II in a sample.


Metastatic Unresectable Malignant Neoplasm

A malignant neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site and is not amenable to surgical resection.


Benign Outer Hair Sheath and Infundibulum Neoplasm

A benign neoplasm occurring in the outer hair sheath and infundibulum.


Female Reproductive System Smooth Muscle Tumor of Uncertain Malignant Potential

A smooth muscle neoplasm that arises from any part of the female reproductive system and cannot be reliably diagnosed as benign or malignant, because of the presence of ambiguous morphologic findings.


Lymphoma, Intermediate-Grade

An antiquated term that refers to a non-Hodgkin lymphoma with intermediate grade histologic features.


SUR1-Associated Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus caused by activating mutation(s) in the ABCC8 gene, encoding the sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) subunit of the pancreatic beta cell adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel. Note: Inactivating mutation(s) in the ABCC8 gene result in hyperinsulinism.


Non-Malignant Nodule

A usually circumscribed and non-metastasizing nodular mass.


Stage II Adult Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma

Stage II: Involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II) or localized involvement of a single associated extralymphatic organ or site and its regional lymph nodes with or without other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE). Note: The number of lymph node regions involved may be indicated by a subscript (e.g., II3). (from PDQ)


Stabbing Pain

An intense sensation of discomfort or distress that is sharp and feels as though a knife has penetrated an anatomical location.


Tissue Rarefaction

A morphologic finding indicating reduced tissue density.


Acute myeloid leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22) or t(16;16)(p13.1;q22) CBFB-MYH11

An acute myeloid leukemia with monocytic and granulocytic differentiation and the presence of a characteristically abnormal eosinophil component in the bone marrow.  This type of acute myeloid leukemia has a favorable prognosis.  (WHO, 2001)


Mucosal Melanoma of the Female Genital Tract

A malignant melanocytic neoplasm that arises from a mucosal site of the female genital tract.


Metastatic Extracranial Malignant Solid Neoplasm

A malignant solid neoplasm that arises from any anatomic site other than the brain and has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor by FIGO Stage


Transitional Cell Intraepithelial Neoplasia


Abscess of axilla

A collection of pus that has formed in the axilla.


Malignant Lacrimal Drainage System Neoplasm

A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the lacrimal drainage system.


Spongioblastoma, Polar

A lesion characterized by the presence of neoplastic neuroepithelial cells with palisading nuclei. This lesion implies a morphologic growth pattern and it is not considered a clinicopathological entity.


Gastroesophageal Junction Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gastroesophageal junction.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells.


Clinical Stage IVA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T1-4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Monoclonal B-Cell Lymphocytosis

A monoclonal expansion of B-lymphocytes with or without the characteristic immunophenotype of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. It precedes virtually all cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma.


Recurrent Adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that has recurred after a period of remission.


intraepithelial glandular neoplasia of cervix

A neoplastic process that affects the glandular epithelial cells of the cervix.  There is no evidence of invasion.  It is classified as low or high grade.


Advanced Childhood Malignant Solid Neoplasm

A childhood malignant solid neoplasm that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Radiation-Related Angiosarcoma

A malignant vascular neoplasm arising in an anatomic site exposed to radiation therapy.


Nutritional Vitamin D Deficiency Rickets

Nutritional rickets due to dietary deficiency of vitamin D.


Ureteral Kinking

The folding of a ureter, which results in the impediment of urine flow.


Urethral caruncle

A benign, granulomatous lesion that results from the eversion of a portion of the distal urethra, most often at the posterior edge.


Pancreatic Precancerous Condition

A pathologic process that arises from the pancreas and has the potential to evolve into a malignant neoplasm.


Crack

A break or fissure in a structure.


Stage III Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); IIIB: (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N1, M0); IIIC: (Any T, N2, M0). T1: Tumor invades the submucosa (through the muscularis mucosa but not into the muscularis propria). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into the subserosa or the mesoappendix. T4: Tumor invades the visceral peritoneum, including the acellular mucin or mucinous epithelium involving the serosa of the appendix or mesoappendix, and/or directly invades adjacent organs or structures. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph node measuring 0.2 mm or more) or any number of tumor deposits is present, and all identifiable lymph nodes are negative. N2: Four or more regional lymph nodes are positive. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Recurrent Merkel Cell Carcinoma

The reemergence of Merkel cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


Acute rheumatic endocarditis

Inflammation of the endocardium in acute rheumatic heart disease.


Refractory Spindle Cell Sarcoma

Spindle cell sarcoma that is resistant to treatment.


Stage I Vulvar Carcinoma

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor confined to the vulva or vulva and perineum, 2cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.).


Hodgkin's Disease, Lymphocyte Depletion, Diffuse Fibrosis

A lymphocyte depleted Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the presence of diffuse fibrosis and a few Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells.


Refractory Ampulla of Vater Carcinoma

Ampulla of Vater carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Stage II Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

Stage II includes: IIA (T3, N0, M0); IIB (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0).  T1: Tumor limited to the pancreas 2 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T2: Tumor limited to the pancreas, more than 2 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor extends beyond the pancreas but without involvement of the celiac axis or the superior mesenteric artery.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


Visual Pathway Melanocytoma

A benign neoplastic melanocytic proliferation affecting the optic disk and optic nerve.


Metastatic Fallopian Tube High Grade Serous Adenocarcinoma

Fallopian tube high-grade serous adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to other anatomic sites.


Recurrent Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

The reemergence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood after a period of remission.


Appendix Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A precancerous intraepithelial neoplastic lesion that affects the appendix. It is characterized by low or high grade dysplasia of the mucosal epithelium.  There is no evidence of invasion.


Cat bite

A wound received from the teeth of a cat.


Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia

A superficial neoplastic process involving exclusively the vaginal squamous epithelium without extension to underlying tissue.  It is classified as low- or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia.


Recurrent Sarcoma

The reemergence of sarcoma after a period of remission.


Locally Advanced Glioma

Glioma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Childhood Grade III Meningioma

A grade III meningioma that occurs during childhood.


Benign Lymphoproliferative Disorder

A proliferation of lymphocytes without atypia seen in infections, hypersensitivity reactions or autoimmune diseases.


Bronchial Epithelial Hyperplasia

Hyperplasia of the bronchial epithelial cells.  It is often associated with squamous metaplasia.


Inverted Squamous Cell Papilloma

A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by an endophytic growth, papillary pattern, and proliferation of neoplastic squamous cells without morphologic evidence of malignancy.


Refractory Endometrial Mixed Cell Adenocarcinoma

Endometrial mixed cell adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


A non-neoplastic disorder arising in an anatomic site exposed to radiation.


Refractory Malignant Solid Neoplasm

A malignant solid neoplasm that does not respond to treatment.


Unresectable Bone Sarcoma

Bone sarcoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Childhood Nodular Sclerosis Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma

Nodular sclerosis classic Hodgkin lymphoma occurring in childhood.


Stage IIB Ampulla of Vater Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Tumor extending more than 0.5 cm into the pancreas, or extending into peripancreatic tissue or duodenal serosa without involvement of the celiac axis or superior mesenteric artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Advanced Malignant Testicular Germ Cell Tumor

A malignant testicular germ cell tumor that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Phrenic nerve lesion

Intermittent, incomplete or complete paralysis with or without tremors to any of the organs or body parts innervated by the phrenic nerve.


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IIIB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Delusional disorder, jealous type

A subtype of delusional disorder characterized by the central delusional theme that the individual's spouse or lover is unfaithful.


Gastroesophageal Junction Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gastroesophageal junction. According to the size of the malignant cells, the prominence of the nucleoli, and the amount of cytoplasm, it is classified either as small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.


Childhood Astrocytoma

An astrocytoma that occurs during childhood.


Advanced Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Stage 0 Low Grade Appendix Mucinous Neoplasm (LAMN) AJCC v8

Stage 0 includes: Tis(LAMN), N0, M0. Tis(LAMN): Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm confined by the muscularis propria. Acellular mucin or mucinous epithelium may invade into the muscularis propria. T1 and T2 are not applicable to LAMN. Acellular mucin or mucinous epithelium that extends into the subserosa or serosa should be classified as T3 or T4a, respectively. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Hodgkin's disease nodular sclerosis recurrent

The reemergence of nodular sclerosis classic Hodgkin lymphoma after a period of remission.


Metastatic Bladder Urachal Urothelial Carcinoma

Bladder urachal urothelial carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site.


Stage IIIC Prostate Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIC includes: Any T, N0, M0, PSA: Any, Grade Group 5. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. Grade Group 5: Gleason Score 9 or 10, Gleason Pattern 4+5, or 5+4, or 5+5. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage III Prostate Carcinoma

Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0, Any G. T3: Tumor extends through the prostatic capsule.  T3a: Extracapsular extension (unilateral or bilateral).  T3b: Tumor invades seminal vesicle(s). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Cramping Pain

A sense of discomfort or distress that is spasmodic or clenching.


Recurrent Childhood Large Cell Lymphoma

The reemergence of childhood large cell lymphoma after a period of remission.


Stage III Uterine Corpus Cancer

Stage III includes: III (T3, N0, M0); IIIA (T3a, N0, M0); IIIB (T3b, N0, M0); IIIC (T1-T3, N1/N2, M0); IIIC1 (T1-T3, N1, M0); IIIC2 (T1-T3, N2, M0). T3: Tumor involves serosa and/or adnexa, vagina, or parametrial tissue. T3a: Tumor involves serosa and/or adnexa (direct extension or metastasis). T3b: Tumor involves vagina (direct extension or metastasis) or parametrial tissue. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes. N2: Regional lymph node metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes, with or without positive pelvic lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. This staging applies to carcinomas and carcinosarcomas. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Infantile Myofibroma

A benign, localized, nodular and well-circumscribed neoplasm seen as a congenital neoplasm or in the first year of life. It is characterized by a biphasic growth pattern and is composed of small, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells associated with branching thin-walled vessels and more mature neoplastic spindle cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm in a collagenous stroma.


Radiologic Finding

Imaging results obtained through a radiology procedure.


Vulvar Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

A high grade neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the vulva. It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells.


BAP1-Inactivated Melanocytoma

A cutaneous melanocytoma with inactivation of BAP1, highly atypical large epithelioid cells, and marked pleomorphism.


Recurrent Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm

The reemergence of a malignant female reproductive system neoplasm after a period of remission.


Bilateral Carcinoma

A carcinoma that affects both sides of an organ in a simultaneous or non-simultaneous manner.


Stage IVA Bone Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: Any T, N0, M1a, Any G. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M1a: Metastasis in the lung. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Squamous cell carcinoma, small cell, nonkeratinizing

A squamous cell carcinoma composed of small atypical cells, without morphologic evidence of keratin production.


Unresectable Biliary Tract Carcinoma

Biliary tract carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Prostate Cystadenoma

A rare cystadenoma affecting the prostate gland. It is characterized by the presence of multilocular prostatic cysts.