conidium germination

The physiological and developmental changes that occur in a conidium or asexual spore following release from dormancy up to the earliest signs of development such as swelling of conidia, adhesion and nuclear decondensation followed by hyphal growth several hours later. In many genera of plant pathogenic fungi (e.g. Magnaporthe, Colletotrichum, Ustilago), swelling of the hyphal tips to form appressorium, metabolic activities including respiration, RNA and protein synthesis and trehalose breakdown and changes in cell wall composition can be detected in conidium germination.


regulation of collagen biosynthetic process

biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals.


thiol-driven fumarate reductase activity

biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

Catalysis of the reaction: fumarate + coenzyme M + coenzyme B = succinate + coenzyme M + coenzyme B + heterodisulfide.


positive regulation of L-methionine import across plasma membrane

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of L-methionine import across plasma membrane.


positive regulation of activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process.


L-methionine secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-methionine from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.


envenomation resulting in blood vessel extracellular matrix damage, causing hemorrhagic damage in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism which causes damage to the extracellular matrix of the blood vessels of the bitten organism, ultimately resulting in hemorrhage in the bitten organism.


chondrocyte intercalation involved in growth plate cartilage morphogenesis

The orderly movement of a chondrocyte from one site to another that contributes to the shaping of growth plate cartilage in an endochondral bone.


inositol heptakisphosphate 5-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 4-diphospho-1D-myo-inositol (1,2,3,5,6)pentakisphosphate = 4,5-bisdiphosphoinositol-1D-myoinositol (1,2,3,6)tetrakisphosphate, and ATP + 6-diphospho-1D-myo-inositol (1,2,3,4,5)pentakisphosphate = 5,6-bisdiphosphoinositol-1D-myoinositol (1,2,3,4)tetrakisphosphate.


monodehydroascorbate reductase (NADH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + 2 monodehydroascorbate = NAD+ + 2 ascorbate.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors, with a quinone or similar compound as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a quinone or similar compound.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-O-(indol-3-ylacetyl)-beta-D-glucose + H2O <=> H+ + indole-3-acetate + beta-D-glucose.


7-oxatyphasterol synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + typhasterol + NADPH + O2 <=> 7-oxatyphasterol + NADP + H2O.


adult visceral muscle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the adult visceral muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


nicotianamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotianamine, 2(S),3'2(S),3''(S)-N-(N-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid.


Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic amino acid + 2-oxoglutarate = an aromatic oxo acid + L-glutamate.


anaerobic catabolism of pairs of amino acids

The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids; in these reactions, one amino acid is oxidised (acts as an electron donor) and a different amino acid is reduced (acts as an electron acceptor); oxidation of the electron-donating amino acid yields energy in the form of ATP.


regulation of heat dissipation

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of heat dissipation.


response to glucoside

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucoside stimulus.


chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1 production

The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


hemocyte development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hemocyte over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Hemocytes are blood cells associated with a hemocoel (the cavity containing most of the major organs of the arthropod body) which are involved in defense and clotting of hemolymph, but not involved in transport of oxygen.


zeinoxanthin epsilon hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: zeinoxanthin + NADPH + O2 + H+ = lutein + NADP+ + H2O. Adds a hydroxyl group to the epsilon ring of the alpha-carotene.


regulation of cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus.


trimethyluric acid monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1,3,7-trimethyluric acid + O2 + NADH + 3 H+ <=> 1,3,7-trimethyl-5-hydroxyisourate + NAD + H2O.


kidney mesenchyme morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of a kidney mesenchymal tissue are generated and organized. Kidney mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the kidney.


tetrahydrocorphin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrahydrocorphins, tetrapyrroles that combine the structural elements of both porphyrins and corrins.


negative regulation of ornithine catabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ornithine catabolic process.


pedicel mucilage biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mucilage that occur in the flower stem.


caudal fin morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the caudal fin are generated and organized. A caudal fin is an unpaired medial fin mounted at the caudal end of the fish, and is the main fin used for propulsion.


negative regulation of meiotic joint molecule formation

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic joint molecule formation. Meiotic joint molecule formation is the conversion of the paired broken DNA and homologous duplex DNA into a four-stranded branched intermediate, known as a joint molecule, formed during meiotic recombination.


pyochelin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the siderochrome pyochelin (2-(2-o-hydroxyphenyl-2-thiazolin-4-yl)-3-methylthiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid).


Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + uracil 5-carboxylate = CO2 + uracil.


disruption by symbiont of host opsonization

Any process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or stops opsonization by the host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


L-lysine 4-chlorinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + chloride + H+ + L-lysine + O2 = 4-chloro-L-lysine + CO2 + H2O + succinate.


tyrosine phenol-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + H2O = NH4 + phenol + pyruvate.


9,12-cis-hexadecadienoic acid delta 15 desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (9Z,12Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoA + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 9,12,15-cis-hexadecatrienoyl-CoA + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


GDP-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-D-glucose + H2O = D-glucose + GDP + H+.


epithelial cell migration involved in distal tubule morphogenesis

The orderly movement of epithelial cells within a renal tubule that contributes to distal tubule morphogenesis.


chlorobenzene dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-unsubstituted benzenoid + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+ = 2,3-cis-dihydroxydihydrobenzenoid + NAD(P)+. Substrates include 1,4-dichlorobenzene (forms 3,6-dichloro-cis-1,2-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene), 1,2,3,4-tetrachlorobenzene (forms cis-chlorobenzene dihydrodiol) and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (forms 3,4,6-trichloro-cis-1,2-dihydroxycyclohexa-3,5-diene).


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-guanidinobutanal + H2O + NAD+ = 4-guanidinobutanoate + 2 H+ + NADH.


endonucleolytic cleaveage between 4.5S rRNA and 5S rRNA of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA)

Endonucleolytic cleavage between the 5S rRNA and the 4.5S rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-7-hydroxymethylchromene-2-carboxylate = 2-hydroxy-4-hydroxymethylbenzalpyruvate.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (also known as Lindane), the most common form of hexachlorohexane, a halogenated organic insecticide that has been used worldwide for agriculture and public health.


tagatose-6-phosphate kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-tagatose 6-phosphate = ADP + D-tagatose 1,6-bisphosphate.


vitamin D4 metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamin D4, (3S,5Z,7E)-9,10-secoergosta-5,7,10(19)-trien-3-ol.


versicolorin B desaturase activity

Catalyzes the reaction: versicolorin B + NADPH + O2 <=> versicolorin A + NADP+ + 2 H2O. Uses heme-thiolate as a co-factor. Involved in the synthesis of aflatoxins in the fungus Aspergillus parasiticus.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + N-glycan = galactose-beta-1,3-N-glycan + UDP.


Catalysis of the reaction: [oligomeric (1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl](n) + phosphate = [(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl](n-1) + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate.


teichuronic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving teichuronic acid, a polymer containing chains of uronic acids and N-acetylglucosamine found in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria.


neural crest-derived cardiac glial cell development

The process aimed at the progression of a neural crest-derived cardiac glial cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 = 2-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate + 2 H+.


G-protein gated monoatomic ion channel activity

An ion channel activity that is gated by binding of a G-protein beta-gamma dimer.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-16:0-2-18:2-digalactosyldiacylglycerol + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 1-16:0-2-18:3-digalactosyldiacylglycerol + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


mesoderm structural organization

The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the mesoderm. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure.


viral tail assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a virus tail.


negative regulation of vesicle transport along microtubule

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle transport along microtubule.


chemorepulsion of branchiomotor neuron axon in neural tube

The process in which a branchiomotor neuron growth cone in the neural tube is directed to a specific target site in the neural tube in response to a repulsive chemical cue. Branchiomotor neurons are located in the hindbrain and innervate branchial arch-derived muscles that control jaw movements, facial expression, the larynx, and the pharynx.


positive regulation of sevenless signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the sevenless signaling pathway.


threonine aldolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-threonine = glycine + acetaldehyde.


response to cell size control checkpoint signaling

A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of cell size control checkpoint signaling.


occlusion by symbiont of host xylem

The process in which an organism reduces the flow of fluid within the host xylem, the tissue in plants that carries water and nutrients up from the roots to the shoot and leaves. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


chloromuconate cycloisomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-chloro-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = 3-chloro-cis,cis-muconate.


evasion by virus of host natural killer cell activity

Any process by which a virus avoids the effects mediated by the host organism's natural killer (NK) cells.


positive regulation of ecdysteroid secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of ecdysteroid.


positive regulation of the force of heart contraction by neuronal epinephrine-norepinephrine

Any process that increases the force with which the cardiac muscles of the heart pump blood through the circulatory system as a result of the presence of epinephrine or norepinephrine released from the nerve endings.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde + H2O = 2 H+ + 2 e- + 4-hydroxybutanoate.


temperature compensation of the circadian clock

The process in which the circadian clock maintains robust and accurate timing over a broad range of physiological temperatures. The circadian clock is an endogenous 24-h timer found in most eukaryotes and in photosynthetic bacteria. The clock drives rhythms in the physiology, biochemistry, and metabolism of the organisms.


positive regulation of retinal cell programmed cell death

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death that occurs in the retina.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: malate(out) + Na+(out) = malate(in) + Na+(in).


adrenergic receptor activity

Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-L-arabinose 1-phosphate + UTP = UDP-L-arabinose + diphosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-coumaryl-CoA + 3-oxooctanoyl-CoA + H2O <=> 4-coumaroylhexanoylmethane + 2 coenzyme A + carbon dioxide.


negative regulation of male pigmentation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in males.


adaxial/abaxial pattern specification

The regionalization process in which differences in cell differentiation along the adaxial/abaxial are generated. Adaxial refers to being situated toward an axis of an anatomical structure. Abaxial refers to being situated away from an axis of an anatomical structure.


negative regulation of cell-glial cell adhesion involved in cerebral cortex lamination

The process that results in the release of migrating cells from their interaction with radial glial cells as a component of the process of cerebral cortex glial-mediated radial cell migration.


dorsal/ventral lineage restriction, imaginal disc

Formation and/or maintenance of a lineage boundary between dorsal and ventral compartments that cells cannot cross, thus separating the populations of cells in each compartment.


tyrosine biosynthetic process from chorismate via L-arogenate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate L-arogenate.


ureide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ureide, the organic form of nitrogen in nitrogen fixing and transporting plants, from IMP, which is synthesized de novo during nitrogen fixation by roots.


positive regulation of tyramine signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tyramine signaling pathway.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sophorosyloxydocosanoate, 13-sophorosyloxydocosanoate 6',6''-diacetate.


ABC-type carbohydrate transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of carbohydrates across a membrane.


negative regulation of chromosome attachment to the nuclear envelope

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chromosome attachment to the nuclear envelope.


ionotropic salty taste receptor activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a soluble salty compound has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


allantoin racemase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-(+)-allantoin = (R)-(-)-allantoin.


negative regulation of innate immunity memory response

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of innate immunity memory response.


peptidyl-threonine acetylation

The acetylation of peptidyl-threonine.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of alpha-(1->4)-D-glucosidic linkage in 4-alpha-D-{(1->4)-alpha-D-glucanosyl}n trehalose to yield trehalose and alpha-(1->4)-D-glucan.


methylselenol demethylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: methylselenol + H2O => H2Se + CH3OH.


pectoral fin development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pectoral fin over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


corpora quadrigemina development

The progression of the corpora quadrigemina over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The corpora quadrigemina is a part of the midbrain that is made up of the superior and inferior colliculi.


UDP-glucose: N-methylanthranilate glucosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N-methylanthranilate + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = N-methylanthraniloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose + UDP.


homeostasis of number of meristem cells

Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a population of cells in the meristem.


negative regulation of glucose mediated signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glucose mediated signaling pathway.


thiamine oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: thiamine + 2 O2 = thiamine acetic acid + 2 H2O2.


positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell activation.


regulation of response to G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling.


regulation of acetylcholine-gated cation channel activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of acetylcholine-gated cation channel activity.


regulation of iodide transmembrane transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of iodide transmembrane transport.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + xanthotoxol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + xanthotoxin. Xanthotoxol is also known as 8-hydroxyfuranocoumarin and xanthotoxin as 8-methoxyfuranocoumarin.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-) <=> valerena-4,7(11)-diene + diphosphoric acid.


style development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the style over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The style is an elongated part of a carpel, or group of fused carpels, and it lies between the ovary and the stigma.


alpha-D-glucan binding

Binding to alpha-D-glucan.


branched-chain amino acid catabolic process to alcohol via Ehrlich pathway

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of branched chain amino acids to produce branched chain alcohols with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. When a branched chain family amino acid, leucine, isoleucine, or valine, is used as the substrate, 3-methylbutanol, 2-methylbutanol, or 2-methylpropanol, respectively, is produced. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of alcohols, often collectively referred to as fusel alcohols. Depending on the redox state of the cells, carboxylic acid derivatives may be produced instead of alcohols.


Catalysis of the reaction: apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucoside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose <=> apigenin-7-O-gentiobioside + UDP + H+.


positive regulation of sulfite transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sulfite transport.


maintenance of protein complex location in cytoplasm

Any process in which a protein complex is maintained in a specific location within the cytoplasm and is prevented from moving elsewhere.


tocopherol cyclase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: alkene group + alcohol group on same molecule = cyclic ether. Substrates are 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4- hydroquinone (forms delta-tocopherol) and 2,3-dimethyl-5-phytyl-1,4-hydroquinone (forms gamma-tocopherol).


L-arabinose isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arabinose = L-ribulose.


positive regulation of Fas signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Fas signaling pathway.


mycofactocin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the coenzyme mycofactocin, a variably glycosylated small molecule electron pair carrier derived from the C-terminal valine-tyrosine dipeptide of the ribosomally translated precursor peptide MftA.


citrazinate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: citrazinate + H2O = 2,3,6-trihydroxyisonicotinate + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


Catalysis of the reaction: indoxyl + UDP-D-glucose = H+ + indican + UDP.


detection of electrical stimulus involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

The series of events by which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. This occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


parthenolide synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: costunolide + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> parthenolide + NADP(3-) + H2O.


advanced glycation end-product binding

Binding to advanced glycation end-product.


Catalysis of the reaction: N,N'-diacetyl-alpha-D-bacillosaminyl-diphospho-tri-trans,hepta-cis-undecaprenol + UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine <=> N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-alpha-(1->3)-N,N'-diacetyl-alpha-D-bacillosaminyl-diphospho-tri-trans,hepta-cis-undecaprenol + UDP + H+.


fat-soluble vitamin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving of any of a diverse group of vitamins that are soluble in organic solvents and relatively insoluble in water.


Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxymethylmethylsilanediol + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = formylmethylsilanediol + 2 H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-ATP + H2O = 1-(5-phosphonatoribosyl)-5'-AMP + diphosphate + H+.


prephenate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + prephenate = (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + CO2 + NADH.


taurine dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: A + H2O + taurine = AH(2) + NH4 + sulfoacetaldehyde.


phosphinothricin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphinothricin.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + pyruvate = (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-alanine.


positive regulation of nigerotriose transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nigerotriose transport.


peptidyl-glycine cholesteryl ester biosynthesis from peptidyl-glycine

The synthesis of peptidyl-glycine cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol ester at the carboxy-terminus of autolytically cleaved proteins.


cellular response to cation stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of cation stress, an increase or decrease in the concentration of positively charged ions in the environment.


3,4-dihydroxybenzoate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving protocatechuate, the anion of protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid).


malonate semialdehyde decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: malonate semialdehyde + H+ = acetaldehyde + CO2.


Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylethanolamine + a sterol = a sterol ester + a lysophosphatidylethanolamine.


modulation by symbiont of host intracellular transport

Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within the cell or cells of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of cellotriose catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellotriose catabolic process.


leaf morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the leaf are generated and organized.


establishment of lymphocyte polarity

The directed orientation of lymphocyte signaling molecules and associated membrane rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with an appropriate activating cell.


negative regulation of intracellular calcium activated chloride channel activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intracellular calcium activated chloride channel activity.


viral DNA genome replication

The replication of a viral DNA genome.


mesenchymal stem cell proliferation involved in nephron morphogenesis

The multiplication or reproduction of mesenchymal stem cells, resulting in the expansion of a stem cell population, that contributes to the shaping of a nephron.


vinyl chloride reductive dehalogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: vinyl chloride + 2 H+ + 2 e- = HCl + ethene.


The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-D-galactofuranose.


rRNA 5'-end processing

Any process involved in forming the mature 5' end of an rRNA molecule.


acinar cell differentiation involved in salivary gland development

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize an acinar cell of the salivary gland. Acinar cells are protein-secreting cells in the gland.


plastid DNA metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving plastid DNA.


regulation of neurotrophin production

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of a neurotrophin.


pharynx development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pharynx from an initial condition to its mature state. The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth.


cyanidin 3-O-p-coumaroylglucoside 2-O''-xylosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-(6-O-(E)-4-coumaroyl-beta-D-glucoside) + UDP-alpha-D-xylose <=> cyanidin 3-O-[2''-O-xylosyl) 6''-O-(p-coumaroyl) glucoside + UDP + H+.


chitosanase activity

Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of beta-1,4-linkages between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and D-glucosamine residues in a partly acetylated chitosan.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 1-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose = 1,2-di-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose + D-glucose.


11-oxo-beta-amyrin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving 11-oxo-beta-amyrin.


butanediol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving butanediol; the biologically relevant isomer is 2,3-butanediol, CH3CH(OH)CH(OH)CH3.


regulation of pre-tubular aggregate formation by cell-cell signaling

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of pre-tubular aggregate formation. Pre-tubular aggregate formation is the cell adhesion process in which mesenchymal cells adhere to one another in the initial stages of the formation of the pre-tubular aggregate, the earliest recognizable structure of the kidney.


response to alkyl hydroperoxide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an alkyl hydroperoxide stimulus. Alkyl hydroperoxides are monosubstitution products of hydrogen peroxide, HOOH, where the substituent is an alkyl group.


allophanate hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 3 H+ + urea-1-carboxylate = 2 CO2 + 2 NH4.


regulation of actin cortical patch localization

Any process that modulates the localization of an actin cortical patch. An actin cortical patch is a discrete actin-containing structure found just beneath the plasma membrane in fungal cells.


Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxidodioxidosulfidosulfate + a reduced thioredoxin = sulfite + hydrogen sulfide + H+ + an oxidized thioredoxin.


vesicle targeting, plasma membrane to endosome

The process in which vesicles formed at the plasma membrane are directed to specific destinations in endosome membranes, mediated by molecules at the vesicle membrane and target membrane surfaces.


hexitol catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hexitols, any alditol with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.


serine 2-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + H2O + NAD+ = 3-hydroxypyruvate + NH3 + NADH.


leaf development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the leaf over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


RNA polymerase I promoter clearance

A process that mediates the transition from the initiation to the elongation phases of transcription by RNA polymerase I, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance often involves breaking contact with transcription factors involved only in the initiation phase and making contacts with elongation specific factors.


peptide cross-linking via 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-D-allo-threonine

The post-translational cross-linking of a cysteine residue to an L-threonine residue to form 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-D-allo-threonine.


negative regulation of cellular response to nitrogen starvation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular response to nitrogen starvation.


regulation of phytoalexin metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phytoalexin metabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways involving phytoalexins, any of a range of substances produced by plants as part of their defense response.


hydrolase activity, acting on acid sulfur-sulfur bonds

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid sulfur-sulfur bond.


negative regulation of amine metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amines.


gastric mucosal blood circulation

The flow of blood through the gastric mucosa of an animal, enabling the transport of nutrients and the removal of waste products.


macrolide 2'-kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + oleandomycin = ADP + 2 H+ + oleandomycin 2'-O-phosphate.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + maltose 6'-phosphate = D-glucose + D-glucose 6-phosphate.


2-aminohexanoate transaminase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-2-aminohexanoate + 2-oxoglutarate = 2-oxohexanoate + L-glutamate.


23S rRNA (guanine(748)-N(1))-methyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanine(748) in 23S rRNA = N(1)-methylguanine(748) in 23S rRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 8-methylthiooctylhydroximate <=> H+ + 7-methylthioheptyldesulfoglucosinolate + UDP.


GCU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GCU codon.


ecdysone binding

Binding to 20-hydroxyecdysone (ecdysone). Ecdysone is an ecdysteroid produced by the prothoracic glands of immature insects and the ovaries of adult females, which stimulates growth and molting.


2-alkyn-1-ol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-butyne-1,4-diol + NAD+ = 4-hydroxy-2-butynal + H+ + NADH.


positive regulation of pancreatic A cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic A cell differentiation.


leukotriene D4 metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving leukotriene D4.


IgA receptor activity

Combining with an immunoglobulin of an IgA isotype via the Fc region, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


type IV pilus-dependent motility

Any process involved in the controlled movement of a bacterial cell which is dependent on the presence of type IV pili. Includes social gliding motility and twitching motility.


alternative respiration

Alternative respiration pathway consumes oxygen, oxidizes NADH to NAD+ and generates water. During electron flow, proton motive force is diminished resulting in fewer molecules of ATP compared to cytochrome pathway. The pathway is found in plants, algae and some protozoa.


cellular response to triterpenoid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a triterpenoid stimulus.


germarium-derived female germ-line cyst encapsulation

Formation of a single follicular epithelium around the germ-line derived cells of a cyst formed in the germarium. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


detection of pheromone

The series of events in which a pheromone stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


bixin aldehyde dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: bixin aldehyde + O2 + NAD <=> norbixin + NADH + H+.


positive regulation of heart rate by circulating epinephrine

The process in which the secretion of epinephrine into the bloodstream increases the rate of heart muscle contraction.


negative regulation of sorocarp spore cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sorocarp spore cell differentiation.


D-lactate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-lactate + an ubiquinone = pyruvate + an ubiquinol.


intermediate-density lipoprotein particle binding

Binding to a intermediate-density lipoprotein particle, a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that typically contains APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of 1.006-1.019 g/ml and a diameter of between 25-30 nm.


polyphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polyphosphate, the anion or salt of polyphosphoric acid.


negative regulation of appressorium formation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont appressorium formation.


regulation of ectoderm development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ectoderm development.


arabinan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving arabinan, a polysaccharide composed of arabinose residues.


RITS complex localization

Any process in which a RITS complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


stomach pylorus smooth muscle contraction

A process in which force is generated within gastric smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the most distal part of the stomach.


trans-synaptic signaling by carbon monoxide

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse mediated by carbon monoxide.


isopentenyl phosphate kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: isopentenyl phosphate(2-) + ATP(4-) <=> isopentenyl diphosphate(3-) + ADP(3-).


XMP biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of XMP, xanthosine monophosphate.


progression of neural tube closure

The process in which the neural folds are fused extending from the initial closure points.


terminal region determination

Specification of the terminal regions (the two non-segmented ends) of the embryo by the gap genes; exemplified in insects by the actions of huckebein and tailless gene products.


regulation of secondary cell wall biogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secondary cell wall biogenesis.


collenchyma cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a collenchyma cell. This is a plant cell in which the primary cell walls are unevenly thickened, with most thickening occurring at the cell corners. Cells are living and able to grow, they are elongated, and lignin and secondary walls absent. Collenchyma cells make up collenchyma tissue which acts as a supporting tissue in growing shoots, leaves and petioles. This tissue is often arranged in cortical ribs, as seen prominently in celery and rhubarb petioles.


interleukin-7 production

The appearance of interleukin-7 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


beta 2 integrin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta 2 integrins, a subfamily of integrins which contain the beta 2 subunit.


regulation of lipid transport across blood-brain barrier

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid transport across blood-brain barrier.


deoxycytidine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of deoxycytidine, 2-deoxyribosylcytosine, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


regulation of calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that do not require the presence of calcium for the interaction.


Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + an N-hydroxyarylamine = CoA + an N-acetoxyarylamine.


ribitol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribitol, a pentitol derived formally by reduction of the -CHO group of either D- or L-ribose. It occurs free in some plants and is a component of riboflavin.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5-deoxy-D-glucuronate = 5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate.


lysine racemase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysine = D-lysine.


apical constriction involved in ventral furrow formation

The actin-mediated process that results in contraction of the apical end of a polarized columnar epithelial cell, contributing to formation of a ventral indentation (furrow) from the blastoderm epithelium, which is internalized to form a tube in the interior of the embryo, marking the start of gastrulation.


11-oxo-beta-amyrin 30-oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 11-oxo-beta-amyrin + 3 NADPH + 3 O2 + 2 H+ <=> glycyrrhetinic acid + 3 NADP + 4 H2O.


epicardium-derived cell migration to the myocardium

The orderly movement of a cell that have undergone an epithelial to mesenchymal transition from the epicardium into the myocardium.


5-dehydro-2-deoxygluconokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate = ADP + 6-phospho-5-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2-octaprenyl-3-methyl-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol + O2 + H+ = 2-octaprenyl-3-methyl-5-hydroxy-6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinol + H2O.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-D-galactofuranose.


mesonephric interstitial fibroblast fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a mesonephric interstitial fibroblast.


positive regulation of nitrogen utilization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nitrogen utilization.


positive regulation of austinol biosynthetic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of austinol biosynthetic process.


glutamate synthase (NADH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamine + H+ + NADH.


tetrapyrrole biosynthetic process from glutamate

The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next, from other compounds, including L-glutamate.


planar cell polarity pathway involved in cardiac muscle cell fate commitment

biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via effectors other than beta-catenin and contributing to a cardioblast being committed to a cardiac muscle cell fate.


malate dehydrogenase (menaquinone) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + a menaquinone = oxaloacetate + a menaquinol.


Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in dextrans, to remove successive isomaltotriose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains.


thioacetamide S-oxide S-oxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: thioacetamide S-oxide + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = thioacetamide S,S-dioxide + H2O.


R2/R5 cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire the specialized features of R2 and R5 photoreceptors. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


apiose 1-reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-apiitol + NAD+ = D-apiose + H+ + NADH.


maturation of LSU-rRNA from tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, LSU-rRNA)

Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Large SubUnit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature LSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, 5.8 S rRNA, 2S rRNA, and Large Subunit (LSU) in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript.


beta-ketoadipate pathway

A pathway of aromatic compound degradation by ortho-cleavage; one branch converts protocatechuate, derived from phenolic compounds, to beta-ketoadipate, and the other branch converts catechol, generated from various aromatic hydrocarbons, amino aromatics, and lignin monomers, also to beta-ketoadipate. Two additional steps accomplish the conversion of beta-ketoadipate to tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates.


tyrocidine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving tyrocidine.


thromboxane receptor activity

Combining with a thromboxane (TXA) to initiate a change in cell activity.


histidine catabolic process to hydantoin-5-propionate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including hydantoin-5-propionate.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-1,2-linked oligomannosides, which are found in fungal cell wall phosphopeptidomannan and phospholipomannan.


neutral lipid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of neutral lipids, lipids only soluble in solvents of very low polarity.


pyridoxine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of pyridoxine from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyridoxine, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate.


channel-forming ionophore activity

Enables transport of a solute across a membrane. This kind of transporter interacts much more weakly with the solute than the carrier does. It is an aqueous pore that extends across the membrane. It may change from closed to open and back. It transports faster than a carrier. It is always passive.


indole-containing compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds that contain an indole (2,3-benzopyrrole) skeleton.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4'-hydroxyacetophenone + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 4-hydroxyphenyl acetate + H2O + NADP+.


pineal gland development

The progression of the pineal gland over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The pineal gland is an endocrine gland that secretes melatonin and is involved in circadian rhythms.


structural constituent of virion

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a virion.


Catalysis of the reaction: rhamnetin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> ombuin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


L-lysine catabolic process to glutarate, by acetylation

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including glutarate, by acetylation.


(S)-canadine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-tetrahydrocolumbamine + [reduced NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 -> (S)-canadine + [oxidized NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + 2 H2O.


photoreactive repair

The repair of UV-induced T-T, C-T and C-C dimers by directly reversing the damage to restore the original pyrimidines.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone, the gamma-lactone (5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2(5H)-one.


actinorhodin biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of actinorhodin.


phosphoribulokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 5-phosphate + ATP = D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


toxin sequestering activity

Binding to a toxin to prevent it from interacting with other partners or to inhibit its localization to the area of the cell or complex where it is active.


regulation of cleistothecium development

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cleistothecium development, a process that leads to the formation of a cleistothecium. The cleistothecium is a closed sexual fruiting body that contains ascospores in linear asci, characteristic of some filamentous Ascomycete fungi such as members of the genera Aspergillus and Emericella.


CAAX-box protein modification

The covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within the CAAX box region of CAAX box proteins.


genital disc anterior/posterior pattern formation

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the anterior/posterior axis of the genital disc. An anterior and posterior compartment form in each of the three genital disc primoridia (the female genital disc primordium, the male genital disc primordium and the anal primordium).


tensidol B metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving tensidol B.


regulation of retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic protein complex

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by a trans-synaptic complex.


anterior mRNA localization involved in anterior/posterior axis specification

Any process in which a mRNA is transported to, and maintained in the anterior portion of the oocyte and/or syncytial embryo contributing to the specification of the anterior/posterior axis.


aerotaxis

The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to environmental oxygen.


lignostilbene alpha beta-dioxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethylene + O2 = 2 vanillin.


digestive system process

A physical, chemical, or biochemical process carried out by living organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.


alcohol dehydrogenase (cytochrome c(L)) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 [Fe(III)cytochrome cL] + a primary alcohol = 2 [Fe(II)cytochrome cL] + an aldehyde + 2 H+.


regulation of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell.


regulation of methanofuran metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of methanofuran metabolic process.


1,5-anhydro-D-fructose reductase (1,5-anhydro-D-mannitol-forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1,5-anhydro-D-mannitol + NADP+ = 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose + H+ + NADPH.


hydroxymate-containing siderophore biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a siderophore from other compounds, including hydroxamic acid. Hydroxamate is one of the three major chemical groups incorporated into siderophore structures with catechol and a-hydroxycarboxylate, each having a high selectivity for iron(3+).


positive regulation of compound eye photoreceptor development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor development.


1-18:1-2-16:0-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol palmitoyl-lipid 7-desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-18:1-2-16:0-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor = 1-18:1-2-16:1-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


anthocyanidin reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a flavan-3-ol + 2 NAD(P)+ = an anthocyanidin + 2 NAD(P)H + H+.


dTTP catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dTTP, deoxyribosylthymine triphosphate.


sesquiterpenoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving sesquiterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with three isoprene units.


cytokinin dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: N6-dimethylallyladenine + acceptor + H2O = adenine + 3-methylbut-2-enal + reduced electron acceptor.


penicillin amidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: penicillin + H2O = a carboxylate + 6-aminopenicillanate.


snoRNP binding

Binding to a small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein particle.


positive regulation of multicellular organismal process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an organismal process, any of the processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs.


chrysobactin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the siderophore chrysobactin (alpha-N-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-D-lysyl-L-serine).


regulation of induction of conjugation upon nitrogen starvation

Any process that modulates the frequency of induction of conjugation upon nitrogen starvation, the process in which a cell initiates conjugation with cellular fusion upon nitrogen starvation.


mesonephric nephron tubule formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a mesonephric nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A mesonephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of a nephron in the mesonephros.


negative regulation of heart rate in another organism

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency of heart contraction of another organism.


establishment of tissue polarity

Coordinated organization of groups of cells in a tissue, such that they all orient to similar coordinates.


regulation of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates), polyesters of 3-hydroxyacids produced as intracellular granules by a large variety of bacteria.


ent-kaurene oxidation to kaurenoic acid

The three successive oxidations of the 4-methyl group of ent-kaurene to form ent-kaur-16-en-19-oate, kaurenoic acid. This process may be carried out entirely by the enzyme ent-kaurene oxidase.


positive regulation of lymphocyte anergy

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte anergy.


perturbation of host cell-mediated immune response

A process in which an organism effects a change that affects cell-based immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


methanopterin-containing compound biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a methanopterin.


formate dehydrogenase (coenzyme F420) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: formate + coenzyme F420 = CO2 + reduced coenzyme F420.


1-18:1-2-16:0-phosphatidylglycerol omega-6 desaturase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 1-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl]-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)(1-) + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor <=> 1-18:2-2-16:0-phosphatidylglycerol + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


Catalysis of the reaction: monomethylamine + a monomethylamine corrinoid protein = a methylated monomethylamine corrinoid protein + NH3.


negative regulation of fear response

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fear response.


formation of stylet for nutrient acquisition

The assembly of a stylet, a hollow protrusible spear-like symbiont structure projected into the host cell for the purpose of obtaining nutrients. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


mandelamide amidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-mandelamide + H2O = (R)-mandelate + NH4.


immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis

An immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway that contributes to the endocytic engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes.


shamixanthone metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving shamixanthone.


perturbation of defense-related host salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway

A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts a salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway in its host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


positive regulation of pharynx morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pharynx morphogenesis.


high-affinity copper ion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a copper ions (Cu2+) from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


ventriculo bulbo valve formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the ventriculo bulbo valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxyglutaryl-CoA = H2O + glutaconyl-CoA.


dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (NADH) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-dihydroorotate + NAD+ = H+ + NADH + orotate.


disruption by symbiont of host cellular component

The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of cellular components of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


pyridoxal transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of pyridoxal from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyridoxal, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate.


glycosome organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a glycosome, a membrane-bounded organelle found in organisms from the order Kinetoplastida that houses the enzymes of glycolysis.


disruption by virus of host JAK-STAT cascade via inhibition of STAT activity

Any process in which a virus interferes with a JAK-STAT signal cascade in a host organism by reducing the activity of host STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription). STATs are SH2 domain-containing proteins which lie downstream of many signaling receptors. Upon phosphorylation by JAKs, STAT proteins hetero- or homo-dimerize and translocate to the nucleus to activate transcription of target genes.


Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + L-glutamate + ATP <=> H+ + indole-3-acetyl-glutamate + AMP + diphosphoric acid.


trichloroethylene metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving trichloroethylene, a toxic, colorless, photoreactive, chlorinated hydrocarbon liquid, commonly used as a metal degreaser and solvent.


regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation.


anal fin morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the anal fin are generated and organized. An anal fin is an unpaired medial fin on the ventral aspect near the caudal end of a fish, which provides lateral stability while swimming.


negative regulation of cilium-dependent cell motility

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cilium-dependent cell motility.


interleukin-9 production

The appearance of interleukin-9 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


thalianol hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a thalianol = a thalian-diol. This reaction is the addition of a hydroxyl group to thalianol ((13R,14R,17E)-podioda-8,17,21-trien-3beta-ol) to create a thalian-diol ((13R,14R,17E)-podioda-8,17,21-trien-3beta,X-diol), where the hydroxyl group may be attached at one of several different available carbons in ring B or C of thalianol, indicated by the X.


pseurotin A metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving pseurotin A.


baroreceptor detection of increased arterial stretch

The series of events by which an increase in diameter of an artery is detected and converted to a molecular signal.


cell adhesion involved in retrograde extension

The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix that contributes to the process of retrograde extension.


pyridoxal 4-dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + pyridoxal = 4-pyridoxolactone + H+ + NADH.


response to ecdysone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ecdysone stimulus.


regulation of protein refolding

Any process that regulates the rate, frequency, or extent of protein refolding. Protein refolding is the process carried out by a cell that restores the biological activity of an unfolded or misfolded protein, using helper proteins such as chaperones.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4-acetamidobutanoate + H2O = acetate + 4-aminobutanoate.


neural crest cell differentiation involved in thymus development

Any neural crest cell differentiation that is involved in thymus development.


pyruvate decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 2-oxo acid = an aldehyde + CO2.


maintenance of dormancy

The dormancy process that results in an organism remaining in dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated.


chromoplast organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the chromoplast. A chromoplast is a plastid containing pigments other than chlorophyll, usually yellow and orange carotenoid pigments.


modulation by symbiont of host heat acclimation

Any process in which an organism modulates the host's tolerance to high temperatures, above the optimal temperature for that organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


specification of segmental identity, mandibular segment

The specification of the characteristic structures of the mandibular segment following establishment of segment boundaries. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeraniol + CTP = all-trans-geranyl-geranyl monophosphate + CDP.


deoxyinosine salvage

Any process that generates deoxyinosine from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


valine N-monooxygenase (oxime forming) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-valine + 2 O2 + 2 NADPH(4-) + 2 H+ <=> (E)-2-methylpropanal oxime + 2 NADP(3-) + carbon dioxide + 3 H2O.


suppression by virus of host adaptive immune response

Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the adaptive immune response of the host organism, an immune response based on directed amplification of specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for enhanced response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory).


negative regulation of granuloma formation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of granuloma formation.


nascent polypeptide-associated complex binding

Binding to nascent polypeptide-associated complex, a heterodimeric protein complex that can reversibly bind to ribosomes and is located in direct proximity to newly synthesized polypeptide chains as they emerge from the ribosome.


positive regulation of synaptic plasticity by chemical substance

The process in which a chemical substance increases synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require.


positive regulation of iron ion transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


regulation of arugosin biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of arugosin biosynthetic process.


regulation of biological process involved in symbiotic interaction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiosis, an interaction between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association.


imaginal disc pattern formation

The regionalization process that results in defined areas of the imaginal disc that will undergo specific cell differentaiton. Imaginal discs are epithelial infoldings in the larvae of holometabolous insects that develop into adult appendages (legs, antennae, wings, etc.) during metamorphosis from larval to adult form.


thelarche

The beginning of development of the breasts in the female.


pollen intine formation

Formation of pollen intine, the inner layer of the pollen wall. The reticulate pollen wall pattern consists of two layers, exine and intine.


negative regulation of proteinase activated receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of proteinase activated receptor activity.


Catalysis of the reaction: N(2)-(2-carboxyethyl)-L-arginine + ATP = AMP + deoxyamidinoproclavaminate + diphosphate + 2 H+.


negative regulation of paraxial mesodermal cell fate specification

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of paraxial mesoderm cell fate specification.


glucuronoarabinoxylan metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylan, a polymer containing a beta-(1->4)-linked D-xylose backbone decorated with glucuronic acid and arabinose side units.


calcium-induced calcium release activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

Any calcium-induced calcium release activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration.


response to 5-fluorouracil

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 5-fluorouracil stimulus.


appendage segmentation

Division of an appendage, an organ or part that is attached to the main body of an organism, into a series of semi-repetitive parts or segments. Most arthropod appendages, such as the legs and antennae, are visibly segmented.


peptide mating pheromone maturation involved in regulation of pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation

The formation of a mature peptide mating pheromone by proteolysis and/or modification of a peptide precursor, occurring in the context of pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation.


N-acetylgalactosamine binding

Binding to N-acetylgalactosamine, 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactopyranose, the n-acetyl derivative of galactosamine.


protein decanoylation

The modification of a protein amino acid by formation of an ester or amide with decanoic acid.


negative regulation of cellular response to X-ray

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to X-ray.


guanosine pentaphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.


cellular response to azide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an azide stimulus.


octanol metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving octanol, the 8-carbon alcohol with the formula C8H17OH.


mannogen metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannogen, a mannose-containing polysaccharide that is a major energy reserve in Leishmania.


ammonium ion metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the ammonium ion.


Purkinje myocyte action potential

An action potential that occurs in a Purkinje myocyte.


iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor.


glucosinolate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosinolates, substituted thioglucosides found in rapeseed products and related cruciferae.


bidentate ribonuclease III activity

Catalysis of the digestion of double-stranded RNAs into 20 to 30-nucleotide products. These products typically associate to the RNA-induced silencing complex and serve as guide RNAs for posttranslational RNA interference.


lipid III floppase activity

Enables the transbilayer of capsular-polysaccharides (Und-PP-GlcNAc-ManNAcA-Fuc4NAc (lipid III)) from the inner to the outer leaflet of the cytoplasmic membrane during the assembly of ECA. Capsular polysaccharides make up the capsule, a protective structure surrounding some species of bacteria and fungi.


orthodenticle mRNA localization

Any process in which orthodenticle mRNA is transported to and maintained in the oocyte and/or syncytial embryo as part of the process that will specify the anterior/posterior axis.


tricyclic triterpenoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving tricyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 3 rings.


candicidin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving candicidin.


Catalysis of the reaction: N(2)-benzoyl-D-arginine-4-nitroanilide + H2O = 4-nitroaniline + N(2)-benzoyl-D-arginine + H+.


citrate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + citrate + CoA = (3S)-citryl-CoA + ADP + H+ + phosphate.


epithelial cell type specification, open tracheal system

Allocation of epithelial cells within each migrating branch in an open tracheal system to distinct tracheal cell fates. During the migration phase each branch forms a well-defined number of cell types (including fusion cells, terminal cells and branch cells) at precise positions.


mesonephric podocyte development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros.


mucilage extrusion from seed coat

The process in which seed mucilage expands through hydration and breaks the outer cell wall that encapsulates the whole seed upon imbibition. Mucilage, mainly composed of pectins, is formed during seed development and deposited into the apoplast underneath the outer wall of the seed coat.


negative regulation of ARF protein signal transduction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ARF protein signal transduction.


N-cyclopropylmelamine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-cyclopropylmelamine, a triazine compound commonly used as an insect growth regulator insecticide.


pole plasm protein localization

Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP(4-) + H2O + a cis-keto-C60-meroacyl-[acp] <=> diphosphoric acid + a cis-keto-meroacyl-adenylate + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


cell-cell adhesion involved in cerebral cortex tangential migration using cell-cell interactions

The attachment of cells to one another to form groups of cells involved in cerebral cortex tangential migration.


negative regulation of growth factor dependent skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of satellite cell proliferation; dependent on specific growth factor activity such as fibroblast growth factors and transforming growth factor beta.


positive regulation of amoeboid sperm motility

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of amoeboid sperm motility.


Catalysis of the reaction: L-ribulose 5-phosphate = L-xylulose 5-phosphate.


regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow cell

Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process in the bone marrow.


mesonephric glomerulus development

The progression of the mesonephric glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The mesonephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft which forms a close network with the visceral epithelium (podocytes) and the mesangium to form the filtration barrier and is surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the mature vertebrate kidney, or mesonephros.


carboxymethylhydantoinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-5-carboxymethylhydantoin + H2O = N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate + H+.


negative regulation of cell communication

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.


glycerol ether biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycerol ethers, any anhydride formed between two organic hydroxy compounds, one of which is glycerol.


starch utilization system complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the starch utilization system complex, a complex of cell envelope-associated proteins that degrades glycan.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-acylphosphoadenosine + H2O = AMP + a carboxylate.


hydrotropism

Growth or movement in a sessile organism toward or away from water, as of the roots of a plant.


negative regulation of odontogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of a tooth or teeth.


transcription elongation by RNA polymerase III

The extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance at an RNA polymerase III promoter by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by RNA polymerase III.


defasciculation of motor neuron axon

Separation of a motor axon away from a bundle of axons known as a fascicle.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-3-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)glutaryl-CoA + 4 H+ = 7-methyl-3-oxooct-6-enoyl-CoA + acetate.


4-cresol dehydrogenase (hydroxylating) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 4-cresol + acceptor + H2O = 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + reduced acceptor.


eosinophil activation

The change in morphology and behavior of a eosinophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-NH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


pigment accumulation in tissues in response to UV light

The aggregation of coloring matter in a particular location in a tissue, occurring in response to a UV light stimulus.


activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process

Any apoptotic process in an activated CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell.


positive regulation of mesodermal to mesenchymal transition involved in gastrulation

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition where a mesodermal cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell as part of the process of gastrulation.


cyanidin 3-O-glucoside 5-O-glucosyltransferase (sinapoyl-glucose dependent) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + 1-O-sinapoyl-beta-D-glucose <=> cyanin betaine + trans-sinapate + H+.


charged-tRNA amino acid modification

The covalent alteration of an amino acid charged on a tRNA before it is incorporated into a protein, as in N-formylmethionine, selenocysteine or pyrrolysine.


positive regulation of mesoderm formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm formation.


contact guidance

Cell recognition involving the deposition of specific pathways in the extracellular matrix that guide migrating cells.


double fertilization forming two zygotes

Rudimentary double fertilization where one of the two sperm nuclei from the pollen tube fuses with the egg nucleus to form a 2n zygote, and the other fuses with the ventral canal cell nucleus to form a second zygote, which soon degenerates. An example of this process is found in the Gnetophytes, such as Welwitschia mirabilis.


photoreceptor cell fate determination

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a photoreceptor cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.


envenomation resulting in modulation of blood coagulation in another organism

A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation in the bitten organism.


posterior lateral line neuromast primordium migration

The migration of a relatively undifferentiated cell along the developing posterior lateral line, originating from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear. The neuromast primordium deposits proneuromasts along the lateral line, from which the neuromasts will develop.


curcumin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: feruloylacetyl-CoA + feruloyl-CoA(4-) + H2O <=> curcumin + 2 coenzyme A(4-) + carbon dioxide.


interneuron-substratum interaction involved in interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortex

The process in which migrating interneurons interact with an external substratum as a component of migration from the subpallium to the cortex.


regulation of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway.


neuroblast division in subpallium

The division of neuroblasts in the subpallium area of the forebrain. The interneuron precursors that these cells give rise to include GABAergic interneurons and will migrate tangentially.


cellular response to ketone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ketone stimulus.


(R)-citramalyl-CoA lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA.


angelicin synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: columbianetin + NADPH + O2 + H+ <=> angelicin + acetone + NADP + 2 H2O.


regulation of raffinose biosynthetic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of raffinose biosynthetic process.


labial disc morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures derived from the labial disc are generated and organized. This includes the transformation of a labial imaginal disc from a monolayered epithelium in the larvae of holometabolous insects into recognizable adult structures including parts of the proboscis.


threonine synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: O-phospho-L-homoserine + H2O = L-threonine + phosphate.


positive regulation of iodide transmembrane transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of iodide transmembrane transport.


high-affinity L-histidine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of L-histidine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-histidine is 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


petal epidermis patterning

The regionalization process that regulates the coordinated growth and establishes the non-random spatial arrangement of the cells in the petal epidermis.


bacillithiol biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bacillithiol, the alpha-anomeric glycoside of L-cysteinyl-D-glucosamine with L-malic acid. Bacillithiol, produced widely in the Firmicutes and sporadically in other bacterial lineages, is a low-molecular-weight thiol analogous to mycothiol in the Actinomycetes and glutathione in many species.


metanephric long descending thin limb bend development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric long descending thin limb bend over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric long descending thin limb bend is a part of the descending thin limb of a long nephron that lies beyond the prebend segment in the metanephros.


regulation of galactotriose transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of galactotriose transport.


6-carboxyhexanoate-CoA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + CoA + pimelate = AMP + diphosphate + H+ + pimelyl-CoA.


longitudinal axis specification

The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the longitudinal axis. In plants, this is the axis that runs from the shoot to the root.


notochord cell vacuolation

The assembly and arrangement of a vacuole within a cell of the notochord.


midbrain-hindbrain boundary maturation

A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the midbrain-hindbrain boundary to attain its fully functional state. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate.


regulation of fucose catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fucose.


positive regulation of defense response to insect

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to insect.


positive regulation of R7 cell fate commitment

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of R7 cell fate commitment.


beta-curcumene synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-) <=> diphosphoric acid + (-)-beta-curcumene.


negative regulation of protein import into nucleus during spindle assembly checkpoint

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the movement of proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, and that occurs as a response to the mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint. In S. cerevisiae, this process involves inhibition of the karyopherin/importin Kap121p (also known as Pse1p), which acts as the specific nuclear import receptor for several proteins, including Glc7p. Glc7p functions in opposition to key spindle assembly checkpoint protein Aurora kinase (Ipl1p).


suppression of platelet aggregation in another organism

Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of platelet aggregation in a second organism.


regulation of sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of spore formation.


flavonoid phytoalexin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving flavonoid phytoalexins, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton, which possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection.


glucosaminate ammonia-lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucosaminate = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + NH3.


pentose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.


outer ear unfolding

The opening and spreading out of the outer ear.


suppression by symbiont of host resistance gene-dependent defense response

Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


coronary sinus valve formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the coronary sinus valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


regulation of response to biotic stimulus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a response to biotic stimulus.


Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylpentan-3-one = 4,4-dimethyl-3-oxopentanal + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


negative regulation of cellodextrin metabolic process

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellodextrin metabolic process.


3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxypropanoate + NAD+ = 3-oxopropanoate + H+ + NADH.


negative regulation of cardioblast differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


polyvinyl alcohol dehydrogenase (cytochrome) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: polyvinyl alcohol + ferricytochrome c = oxidized polyvinyl alcohol + ferrocytochrome c + H+.


regulation of natural killer cell tolerance induction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell tolerance induction.


regulation of tocopherol cyclase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tocopherol cyclase activity.


histidine catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.


asexual sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore

The formation of a cellular spore derived from the products of mitosis. A cellular spore is a cell form that can be used for dissemination, for survival of adverse conditions because of its heat and dessication resistance, and/or for reproduction.


fruit ripening, non-climacteric

A fruit ripening process that does not involve a respiratory burst.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->6)-beta-D-glucans.


citronellal dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: citronellal + NAD+ + OH- = citronellate + NADH + H+.


regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage.


positive regulation of inosine transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of inosine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


depsipeptide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of depsipeptides, a linear or cyclic compound composed of both amino acids and hydroxy acids in peptide and ester bonds respectively.


protein localization to Mei2 nuclear dot

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a Mei2 nuclear dot.


pollen maturation

The final stages of microgametogenesis after the trinucleate stage has been reached resulting in viable pollen grains.


cell wall macromolecule catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall.


Catalysis of the reaction: fumarate + n-hexane = (1-methylpentyl)succinate.


anaerobic carbon tetrachloride metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbon tetrachloride, a toxic, carcinogenic compound which is used as a general solvent in industrial degreasing operations, that occur in the absence of oxygen.


murein hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a peptidoglycan dimer (generic) = a lipid II + GlcNAc-1,6-anhydro-MurNAc-pentapeptide.


tauropine dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + NAD+ + tauropine = H+ + NADH + pyruvate + taurine.


regulation of antigen receptor-mediated signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B- or T cell.


blood vessel endothelial cell fate commitment

The commitment of a cell to a blood vessel endothelial cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a blood vessel endothelial cell.


regulation of urothelial cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of urothelial cell proliferation.


maintenance of reproductive diapause

The dormancy process that results an organism remaining in reproductive diapause. Reproductive diapause is a form of diapause where the organism itself will remain fully active, including feeding and other routine activities, but the reproductive organs experience a tissue-specific reduction in metabolism, with characteristic triggering and releasing stimuli.


positive regulation of response to cell cycle checkpoint signaling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to cell cycle checkpoint signaling.


dimethylmalate dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3,3-dimethylmalate + NAD+ = 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + CO2 + NADH.


post-embryonic caudal fin morphogenesis

The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the caudal fin are generated and organized. The caudal fin is an unpaired medial fin mounted at the caudal end of the fish and is the main fin used for propulsion.


isopentenyladenine UDP glycosyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + N(6)-dimethylallyladenine = H+ + 9-(alpha-D-glucosyl)-N(6)-isopentenyladenine + UDP.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on metal ions, flavin as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction in which the metal ion is reduced and flavin acts as an electron acceptor.


ACA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an ACA codon.


Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + trans-resveratrol <=> 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + pterostilbene + 2 H+.


2-methylcitrate dehydratase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (2S,3S)-2-methylcitrate = cis-2-methylaconitate + H2O.


Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 2-hydroxylamino-4,6-dinitrotoluene <=> 2-hydroxylamino-4,6-dinitrotoluene-O-glucoside + UDP + H+.


juvenile hormone mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by a juvenile hormone binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


chondroitin AC lyase activity

Catalysis of the eliminative degradation of polysaccharides containing 1,4-beta-D-hexosaminyl and 1,3-beta-D-glucuronosyl linkages to disaccharides containing 4-deoxy-beta-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups.


12-oxophytodienoate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 8-[(1R,2R)-3-oxo-2-{(Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl}cyclopentyl]octanoate + NADP+ = (15Z)-12-oxophyto-10,15-dienoate + H+ + NADPH.


mandelonitrile lyase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: mandelonitrile = cyanide + benzaldehyde.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by atrial baroreceptor feedback

A process that controls blood pressure by sensing the amount of stretch occurring in the atria.


cyclo-ligase activity

Catalysis of the joining of two groups within a single molecule via a carbon-nitrogen bond, forming heterocyclic ring, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.


prostate induction

The close range interaction of the urogenital sinus mesenchyme and the urogenital sinus epithelium that causes the cells of the urogenital sinus epithelium to change their fates and specify the development of the prostate gland.


Catalysis of the reaction: (1S,2S,4R)-limonene-1,2-diol + DCPIP+ = DCPIPH + H+ + (1S,4R)-1-hydroxy-2-oxolimonene.


negative regulation by symbiont of host neurotransmitter secretion

Any process in which a symbiont organism negatively regulates the regulated release of a neurotransmitter from a cell in its host organism.


positive regulation of paraxial mesodermal cell fate determination

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of paraxial mesoderm cell fate determination.


pupariation

The onset of prepupal development when the larval stops crawling, everts its spiracles and the larval cuticle becomes the puparium or pupal case that surrounds the organism for the duration of metamorphosis.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methyl-5-hydroxy-6-(3-carboxy-3-oxopropenyl)-1H-2-pyridon + H2O = 2-oxobut-3-enanoate + 2,5,6-trihydroxy-3-methylpyridine.


nuclear membrane biogenesis

The process in which a nuclear membrane is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together.


emodin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of emodin.


cytoplasmic capsid assembly

The assembly of a virus capsid that occurs in the cytoplasm.


mitochondrial single subunit type RNA polymerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template that contains a single-subunit-type mitochondrial RNA polymerase-specific promoter to direct initiation and catalyses DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'.


dihydrobunolol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrobunolol + NADP+ = bunolol + H+ + NADPH.


antipodal cell degeneration

The process in which the antipodal cells undergo programmed cell death.


tyrosine biosynthetic process from chorismate via 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate.


determination of radial symmetry

The establishment of an organism's body plan or a part of an organism such that it is symmetric around a central axis.


positive regulation of neutrophil aggregation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil aggregation.


chloroplast RNA modification

Any RNA modification that takes place in chloroplast.


Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 5-phosphate = (2S)-2-hydroxy-3-oxobutyl phosphate + formate + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 3-D-glucuronosyl-N2-,6-disulfo-beta-D-glucosamine = glucuronate + N2,6-disulfo-D-glucosamine.


2-indanone monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2-indanone + NADPH + 1/2 O2 = NADP+ + 3-isochromanone.


imaginal disc-derived wing hair outgrowth

Extrusion of a cellular projection from the apical membrane of an epithelial cell in an imaginal disc-derived wing. Outgrowth initiates approximately 35 hours after puparium formation from the distal side of the cell, and at this stage the cellular extension is termed a prehair.


eoxin C4 synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: eoxin A4 + glutathione = eoxin C4.


regulation of response to water deprivation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to water deprivation.


histone H3K14 ubiquitin ligase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of a ubiquitin molecule to histone 3 at the lysine-14 residue.


signal transduction involved in positive regulation of conjugation with cellular fusion

The series of molecular signals that bring about the relay, amplification or dampening of a signal generated in response to a cue, such as starvation or pheromone exposure, in organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion.


Catalysis of the reaction: 4'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)phenylurea + H2O = 4'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)phenylaniline + carbamic acid.


regulation of turning behavior involved in mating

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of turning behavior involved in mating. Turning behavior is the sharp ventral turn performed by the male as he approaches either the hermaphrodite head or tail, whilst trying to locate his partner's vulva. Turning occurs via a sharp ventral coil of the male's tail.


cell wall macromolecule catabolic process involved in fungal-type cell wall disassembly

The chemical reactions and pathways that result in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall, and contributes to the breakdown of the fungal-type cell wall.


ent-kaur-16-en-19-ol oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + NADPH + ent-kaur-16-en-19-ol + oxygen = 2 H2O + NADP+ + ent-kaur-16-en-19-al.


1,3-alpha-L-fucosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->3) linkages between alpha-L-fucose and N-acetylglucosamine residues in glycoproteins.


vacuole-ER tethering

The attachment of a lytic vacuole to the endoplasmic reticulum, which may facilitate exchange of metabolites between the organelles.


interleukin-29 production

The appearance of interleukin-29 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


negative regulation of zygospore formation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of zygospore formation, a process in which a thick-walled spore of some algae and fungi is formed by union of two similar sexual cells, usually serves as a resting spore, and produces the sporophytic phase.


N-acetylglucosamine transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of N-acetylglucosamine from one side of a membrane to the other. The D isomer of N-acetylglucosamine is a common structural unit of glycoproteins in plants, bacteria and animals; it is often the terminal sugar of an oligosaccharide group of a glycoprotein.


mesonephric mesangial cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesangial cells of the mesonephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


response to erythromycin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an erythromycin stimulus.


regulation of cholangiocyte apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholangiocyte apoptotic process.