BAT3 complex

A protein complex found in mammals that transfers tail-anchored (TA) proteins from SGTA to GET3 (ASNA1/TRC4) for targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Also chaperones polypeptides from the endoplasmic reticulum retrotranslocation machinery to the proteasome, maintaining the solubility of substrates to improve ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). Consists of BAG6 (BAT3) and its cofactors GET4 (TRC35) and UBL4A.


PSG1_HUMAN Pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein 1 (sprot)

A pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PSG2_HUMAN Pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein 2 (sprot)

A pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


VDR_HUMAN Vitamin D3 receptor (sprot)

A vitamin D3 receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


vitamin D response element binding

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Binding to a vitamin D response element (VDRE), a short sequence with dyad symmetry found in the promoters of some of the cellular immediate-early genes, regulated by serum.


lithocholic acid receptor activity

Combining with lithocholic acid and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.


calcitriol binding

Binding to calcitriol. Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) is the hormonally active form of vitamin D3.


lithocholic acid binding

Binding to lithocholic acid.


apoptotic process involved in mammary gland involution

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Any apoptotic process that triggers the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle the mammary epithelial cells resulting in their programmed cell death.


positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in mammary gland involution

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process of mammary epithelial cells during mammary gland involution.


regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity. Calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity is catalysis of the reaction: calcidiol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = calcitriol + NADP+ + H2O.


response to bile acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bile acid stimulus.


ERR1_HUMAN Steroid hormone receptor ERR1 (sprot)

A steroid hormone receptor ERR1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FGF3_HUMAN Fibroblast growth factor 3 (sprot)

A fibroblast growth factor 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of cardiac muscle tissue development

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue development.


GNAT1_HUMAN Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-1 (sprot)

A guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


acyl binding

Binding to an acyl group, any group formally derived by removal of the hydroxyl group from the acid function of a carboxylic acid.


retinal cone cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a retinal cone cell.


negative regulation of cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity

Any process that stops or reduces the rate of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: nucleotide 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleotide 5'-phosphate.


retinal rod cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a retinal rod cell.


neural tissue regeneration

The regrowth of neural tissue following its loss or destruction.


background adaptation

Any process in which an organism changes its pigmentation (lightening in response to a brighter environment or darkening in response to a dimmer environment) in response to a change in light intensity.


PYC_HUMAN Pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial (sprot)

A pyruvate carboxylase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


pyruvate carboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + bicarbonate + pyruvate = ADP + 2 H+ + oxaloacetate + phosphate.


NADH metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.


viral RNA genome packaging

The packaging of viral RNA (single-stranded or double-stranded) into a nucleocapsid.


CP2A6_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 2A6 (sprot)

A cytochrome P450 2A that is a translation product of the CYP2A6 gene in human.


coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: coumarin + O2 + NADPH + H+ = hydroxycoumarin + H2O + NADP+.


coumarin catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of coumarins, compounds derived from the phenylacrylic skeleton of cinnamic acids.


CP19A_HUMAN Aromatase (sprot)

An aromatase that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response.


testosterone biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of testosterone, an androgen having 17beta-hydroxy and 3-oxo groups, together with unsaturation at C-4 C-5.


DMD_HUMAN Dystrophin (sprot)

A dystrophin that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of skeletal muscle contraction by regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion

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Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle contraction via the regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion by sarcoplasmic reticulum into cytosol. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is the endoplasmic reticulum of striated muscle, specialised for the sequestration of calcium ions that are released upon receipt of a signal relayed by the T tubules from the neuromuscular junction.


regulation of skeletal muscle contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle contraction.


cardiac muscle cell action potential

An action potential that occurs in a cardiac muscle cell.


negative regulation of peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation.


positive regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity.


cell-substrate junction

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A cell junction that forms a connection between a cell and the extracellular matrix.


syntrophin complex

A protein complex that includes alpha-, beta1-, beta2-syntrophins and syntrophin-like proteins; the syntrophin complex binds to the second half of the carboxy-terminal domain of dystrophin; also associates with neuronal nitric oxide synthase.


C1TC_HUMAN C-1-tetrahydrofolate synthase, cytoplasmic (sprot)

A C-1-tetrahydrofolate synthase, cytoplasmic that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + formate + tetrahydrofolate = ADP + phosphate + 10-formyltetrahydrofolate.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + H2O = 10-formyltetrahydrofolate.


methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NAD(P)+ = 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NAD(P)H + H+.


methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NAD+ = 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NADH.


methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NADP+ = 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NADPH.


methionine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.


serine family amino acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids of the serine family, comprising cysteine, glycine, homoserine, selenocysteine and serine.


serine family amino acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids of the serine family, comprising cysteine, glycine, homoserine, selenocysteine and serine.


methionine biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.


purine ribonucleotide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate, the formylated derivative of tetrahydrofolate.


transsulfuration

The interconversion of homocysteine and cysteine via cystathionine. In contrast with enteric bacteria and mammals, Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two transsulfuration pathways employing two separate sets of enzymes.


CETP_HUMAN Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (sprot)

A cholesteryl ester transfer protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of cholesterol transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of cholesterol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


PERE_HUMAN Eosinophil peroxidase (sprot)

An eosinophil peroxidase that is encoded in the genome of human.


defense response to nematode

A response to protect an organism from a directly detected or perceived external threat from a nematode or nematodes, which results in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack.


eosinophil migration

The movement of an eosinophil within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


UTER_HUMAN Uteroglobin (sprot)

A uteroglobin that is encoded in the genome of human.


polychlorinated biphenyl binding

Binding to a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), a biphenyl compound containing between 2 and 10 chlorine atoms attached to the two benzene rings.


negative regulation of interleukin-4 production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-4 production.


PSPC_HUMAN Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C (sprot)

A pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C that is encoded in the genome of human.


CP2C9_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 2C9 (sprot)

A cytochrome P450 2C9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


arachidonic acid 14,15-epoxygenase activity

Catalysis of an NADPH- and oxygen-dependent reaction that converts arachidonic acid to cis-14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid.


arachidonic acid 11,12-epoxygenase activity

Catalysis of an NADPH- and oxygen-dependent reaction that converts arachidonic acid to cis-11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid.


(S)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-limonene + NADPH + H+ + O2 = (-)-trans-carveol + NADP+ + H2O.


(S)-limonene 7-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (4S)-limonene + H+ + NADPH + O2 = (4S)-perillyl alcohol + H2O + NADP+.


(R)-limonene 6-monooxygenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (4R)-limonene + H+ + NADPH + O2 = (1R,5S)-carveol + H2O + NADP+.


urea metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving urea, the water soluble compound O=C-(NH2)2.


amide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving an amide, any derivative of an oxoacid in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group, as carried out by individual cells.


MPRI_HUMAN Cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (sprot)

A cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


response to tetrachloromethane

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tetrachloromethane stimulus.


ADHX_HUMAN Alcohol dehydrogenase class-3 (sprot)

An alcohol dehydrogenase class-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: formaldehyde + H2O + NAD+ = formate + 2 H+ + NADH.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione + NAD(P)+ = S-formylglutathione + NAD(P)H + H+.


S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase NADP activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione + NADP+ = S-formylglutathione + NADPH + H+.


S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase NAD activity

Catalysis of the reaction: S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione + NAD+ = S-formylglutathione + NADH + H+.


response to nitrosative stress

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrosative stress stimulus. Nitrosative stress is a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of nitric oxide (NO) or the highly reactive oxidant peroxynitrite, which is produced following interaction of NO with superoxide anions.


KPSH1_HUMAN Serine/threonine-protein kinase H1 (sprot)

A serine/threonine-protein kinase H1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CDK4_HUMAN Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (sprot)

A cell division protein kinase 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase regulator activity

Modulates the activity of a cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase, enzymes of the protein kinase family that are regulated through association with cyclins and other proteins.


regulation of type B pancreatic cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell proliferation.


cellular response to ionomycin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ionomycin stimulus.


cyclin D1-CDK4 complex

A protein complex consisting of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner.


cyclin D2-CDK4 complex

A protein complex consisting of cyclin D2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner.


cyclin D3-CDK4 complex

A protein complex consisting of cyclin D3 and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner.


SRF_HUMAN Serum response factor (sprot)

A serum response factor that is encoded in the genome of human.


serum response element binding

Binding to a serum response element (SRE), a short sequence with dyad symmetry found in the promoters of some of the cellular immediate-early genes, regulated by serum.


primary miRNA binding

Binding to a primary microRNA (pri-miRNA) transcript, an RNA molecule that is processed into a short hairpin-shaped structure called a pre-miRNA and finally into a functional miRNA. Both double-stranded and single-stranded regions of a pri-miRNA are required for binding.


morphogenesis of an epithelial sheet

The process in which the anatomical structures of an epithelial sheet are generated and organized. An epithelial sheet is a flat surface consisting of closely packed epithelial cells.


tangential migration from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb

The migration of cells in the telencephalon from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb in which cells move orthogonally to the direction of radial migration and do not use radial glial cell processes as substrates for migration.


dorsal aorta morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the dorsal aorta are generated and organized. The dorsal aorta is a blood vessel in a single-pass circulatory system that carries oxygenated blood from the gills to the rest of the body. In a single-pass circulatory system blood passes once through the heart to supply the body once.


positive regulation of transcription by glucose

Any process involving glucose that activates or increases the rate of transcription.


regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell differentiation.


bronchus cartilage development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of lung cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.


cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell. A cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell covers the heart vasculature and lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers.


lung smooth muscle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of smooth muscle in the lung over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


epithelial cell-cell adhesion

The attachment of an epithelial cell to another epithelial cell via adhesion molecules.


CD20_HUMAN B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 (sprot)

A membrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A member 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


store-operated calcium entry

A calcium ion entry mechanism in the plasma membrane activated by the depletion of calcium ion from the internal calcium ion store in the endoplasmic reticulum.


calcium ion import into cytosol

The directed movement of calcium ion into a cytosol.


CRGA_HUMAN Gamma-crystallin A (sprot)

A gamma-crystallin A that is encoded in the genome of human.


PRPS2_HUMAN Ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase 2 (sprot)

A ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ribose phosphate diphosphokinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 5-phosphate + ATP = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + AMP + 2 H+.


ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar.


CD79A_HUMAN B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein alpha chain (sprot)

A B-cell antigen receptor complex-associated protein alpha chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


B cell receptor complex

An immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and that in its canonical form is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins.


IgM B cell receptor complex

An IgM immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgM isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins.


DCOR_HUMAN Ornithine decarboxylase (sprot)

An ornithine decarboxylase that is encoded in the genome of human.


ornithine decarboxylase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-ornithine + H+ = CO2 + putrescine.


putrescine biosynthetic process from ornithine

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane by decarboxylation of ornithine.


PABP1_HUMAN Polyadenylate-binding protein 1 (sprot)

A polyadenylate-binding protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


translation activator activity

Any of a group of soluble proteins functioning in the activation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide.


PCNA_HUMAN Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (sprot)

A proliferating cell nuclear antigen that is encoded in the genome of human.


purine-specific mismatch base pair DNA N-glycosylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of purines present in mismatches, especially opposite oxidized purines, by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the target damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases a free base and leaves an apurinic (AP) site.


dinucleotide insertion or deletion binding

Binding to a double-stranded DNA region containing a dinucleotide insertion or deletion.


MutLalpha complex binding

Binding to a MutLalpha mismatch repair complex.


translesion synthesis

The replication of damaged DNA by synthesis across a lesion in the template strand; a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex inserts a defined nucleotide across from the lesion which allows DNA synthesis to continue beyond the lesion. This process can be mutagenic depending on the damaged nucleotide and the inserted nucleotide.


positive regulation of deoxyribonuclease activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of deoxyribonuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid.


mitotic telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication

Any telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication that is involved in mitotic cell cycle.


PCNA complex

A protein complex composed of three identical PCNA monomers, each comprising two similar domains, which are joined in a head-to-tail arrangement to form a homotrimer. Forms a ring-like structure in solution, with a central hole sufficiently large to accommodate the double helix of DNA. Originally characterized as a DNA sliding clamp for replicative DNA polymerases and as an essential component of the replisome, and has also been shown to be involved in other processes including Okazaki fragment processing, DNA repair, translesion DNA synthesis, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and cell cycle regulation.


replisome

A multi-component enzymatic machine at the replication fork which mediates DNA replication. Includes DNA primase, one or more DNA polymerases, DNA helicases, and other proteins.


PCNA-p21 complex

A protein complex that contains the cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 bound to PCNA; formation of the complex inhibits DNA replication.


VPREB_HUMAN Immunoglobulin iota chain (sprot)

An immunoglobulin iota chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


FGF5_HUMAN Fibroblast growth factor 5 (sprot)

A fibroblast growth factor 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


K2C3_HUMAN Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 3 (sprot)

A keratin, type II cytoskeletal 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NFH_HUMAN Neurofilament heavy polypeptide (sprot)

A neurofilament heavy polypeptide that is encoded in the genome of human.


peripheral nervous system neuron axonogenesis

Generation of a long process from a neuron whose cell body resides in the peripheral nervous system. The axon carries action potential from the cell body towards target cells.


postsynaptic intermediate filament cytoskeleton

The intermediate filament cytoskeleton that is part of a postsynapse.


CX6A1_HUMAN Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial (sprot)

A cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


HARS1_HUMAN Histidine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic (sprot)

A histidyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic that is encoded in the genome of human.


histidine-tRNA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-histidine + tRNA(His) = AMP + diphosphate + L-histidyl-tRNA(His).


histidyl-tRNA aminoacylation

The process of coupling histidine to histidyl-tRNA, catalyzed by histidyl-tRNA synthetase. The histidyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-II synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 3''-OH group of a histidine-accetping tRNA.


FABPI_HUMAN Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal (sprot)

A fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal that is encoded in the genome of human.


intestinal lipid absorption

Any process in which lipids are taken up from the contents of the intestine.


COBA1_HUMAN Collagen alpha-1(XI) chain (sprot)

A collagen alpha-1(XI) chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


tendon development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tendon over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A tendon is a fibrous, strong, connective tissue that connects muscle to bone or integument and is capable of withstanding tension. Tendons and muscles work together to exert a pulling force.


CO6A1_HUMAN Collagen alpha-1(VI) chain (sprot)

A collagen alpha-1(VI) chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


reduction of food intake in response to dietary excess

An eating behavior process whereby detection of a dietary excess results in a decrease in intake of nutrients.


muscle cell apoptotic process

A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death. A muscle cell is a mature contractile cell, commonly known as a myocyte, that forms one of three kinds of muscle.


apoptotic nuclear changes

Alterations undergone by nuclei at the molecular and morphological level as part of the execution phase of apoptosis.


response to decreased oxygen levels

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting a decline in the level of oxygen.


lung epithelial cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell that contributes to the epithelium of the lung.


fat cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of fat cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A fat cell is an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat.


caveola assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a caveola. A caveola is a plasma membrane raft that forms a small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane.


multicellular organismal locomotion

Locomotion in a multicellular organism, i.e. self-propelled movement of a multicellular organism from one location to another.


response to polyamine macromolecule

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a polyamine macromolecule stimulus.


response to bleomycin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bleomycin stimulus.


mitochondrial transmembrane transport

The process in which a solute is transported from one side of a membrane to the other into, out of or within a mitochondrion.


collagen type VI trimer

A collagen heterotrimer containing type VI alpha chains in alpha1(VI)alpha2(VI)alpha3(VI) trimers; type VI collagen triple helices associate to form beaded fibrils.


CO6A2_HUMAN Collagen alpha-2(VI) chain (sprot)

A collagen alpha-2(VI) chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


CO6A3_HUMAN Collagen alpha-3(VI) chain (sprot)

A collagen alpha-3(VI) chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


ADT1_HUMAN ADP/ATP translocase 1 (sprot)

An ADP/ATP translocase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ADT3_HUMAN ADP/ATP translocase 3 (sprot)

An ADP/ATP translocase 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FA5_HUMAN Coagulation factor V (sprot)

A coagulation factor V that is encoded in the genome of human.


IMDH2_HUMAN Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (sprot)

An inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


IMP dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: inosine 5'-phosphate + NAD+ + H2O = xanthosine 5'-phosphate + NADH + H+.


TPR_HUMAN Nucleoprotein TPR (sprot)

A nucleoprotein TPR that is encoded in the genome of human.


nuclear pore organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear pore.


regulation of mRNA export from nucleus

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.


nuclear pore complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a nuclear pore complex.


structural constituent of nuclear pore

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the nuclear pore complex, a protein-lined channel in the nuclear envelope that allows the transfer of macromolecules.


regulation of mitotic sister chromatid separation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic sister chromatid separation. Mitotic sister chromatid separation is the process in which sister chromatids are physically detached from each other during mitosis.


positive regulation of heterochromatin formation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of heterochromatin formation.


mRNA export from nucleus in response to heat stress

The directed movement of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm during a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for the organism; in particular, a process that enables an organism withstand exposure to temperatures that would otherwise lethally impair poly(A)+ mRNA-nucleus export.


negative regulation of RNA export from nucleus

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of RNA from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.


response to epidermal growth factor

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epidermal growth factor stimulus.


RLBP1_HUMAN Retinaldehyde-binding protein 1 (sprot)

A retinaldehyde-binding protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PTHR_HUMAN Parathyroid hormone-related protein (sprot)

A parathyroid hormone-related protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of chondrocyte development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a chondrocyte over time, from its commitment to its mature state. Chondrocyte development does not include the steps involved in committing a chondroblast to a chondrocyte fate.


PIP_HUMAN Prolactin-inducible protein (sprot)

A prolactin-inducible protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


KCRB_HUMAN Creatine kinase B-type (sprot)

A creatine kinase B-type that is encoded in the genome of human.


FCGR1_HUMAN High affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I (sprot)

A high affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I that is encoded in the genome of human.


high-affinity IgG receptor activity

Combining with high affinity with an immunoglobulin of an IgG isotype via the Fc region, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


positive regulation of type III hypersensitivity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type III hypersensitivity, a type of inflammatory response.


FCG2A_HUMAN Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-a (sprot)

A low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-a that is encoded in the genome of human.


FCERA_HUMAN High affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit alpha (sprot)

A high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


high-affinity IgE receptor activity

Combining with high affinity with an immunoglobulin of the IgE isotype via the Fc region, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


type I hypersensitivity

An inflammatory response driven by antigen recognition by antibodies bound to Fc receptors on mast cells or basophils, occurring within minutes after exposure of a sensitized individual to the antigen, and leading to the release of a variety of inflammatory mediators such as histamines.


ANXA3_HUMAN Annexin A3 (sprot)

An annexin A3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MYCL_HUMAN Protein L-Myc (sprot)

A protein L-Myc that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of inner ear auditory receptor cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of auditory hair cell differentiation.


MYCP1_HUMAN Putative myc-like protein MYCLP1 (sprot)

A protein L-Myc-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


KCRU_HUMAN Creatine kinase U-type, mitochondrial (sprot)

A creatine kinase U-type, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


GRAA_HUMAN Granzyme A (sprot)

A granzyme A that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of endodeoxyribonuclease activity

Any process that stops or reduces the rate of endodeoxyribonuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks.


cytotoxic T cell pyroptotic process

Any pyroptotic process in a cytotoxic T cell.


BMP2_HUMAN Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (sprot)

A bone morphogenetic protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


aortic valve development

The progression of the aortic valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


cardiocyte differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cell that will form part of the cardiac organ of an individual.


phosphatase activator activity

Binds to and increases the activity of a phosphatase.


endodermal-mesodermal cell signaling

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from endodermal cells to mesodermal cells.


cardiac atrium formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a cardiac atrium from unspecified parts. A cardiac atrium receives blood from a vein and pumps it to a cardiac ventricle.


positive regulation of extracellular matrix constituent secretion

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the controlled release of molecules that form the extracellular matrix, including carbohydrates and glycoproteins by a cell or a group of cells.


negative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldosterone.


ameloblast differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an ameloblast, a cylindrical epithelial cell in the innermost layer of the enamel organ.


regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of teeth, the hard, bony appendages which are borne on the jaws, or on other bones in the walls of the mouth or pharynx of most vertebrates.


mesenchymal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal cell. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types.


negative regulation of calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion.


mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureteric bud development

The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population of the ureteric bud, that contributes to ureteric bud development.


negative regulation of cortisol biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cortisol biosynthetic process.


BMP receptor complex

A protein complex that acts as a receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs); a homo- or heterodimer of type I and/or type II BMP receptor subunits.


BMP4_HUMAN Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (sprot)

A bone morphogenetic protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


muscular septum morphogenesis

The process in which the muscular septum is generated and organized. The muscular septum is the lower part of the ventricular septum.


bronchus development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a bronchus from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the bronchus and ends with the mature structure. The bronchus is the portion of the airway that connects to the lungs.


trachea development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a trachea over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.


bud dilation involved in lung branching

The process in which a bud in the lung increases radially.


regulation of cell fate commitment

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell fate commitment. Cell fate commitment is the commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a cell (the initial one-cell zygote) or within a developmental field.


dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning

The process in which the neural tube is regionalized in the dorsoventral axis.


negative regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation in the thymus.


tendon cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a tendon cell. Tendon cell are elongated fibrocytes in which the cytoplasm is stretched between the collagen fibres of the tendon. Tendon cells have a central cell nucleus with a prominent nucleolus, a well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, and are responsible for synthesis and turnover of tendon fibres and ground substance.


deltoid tuberosity development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the deltoid tuberosity over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The deltoid tuberosity is the region on the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches. The deltoid tuberosity develops through endochondral ossification in a two-phase process; an initiating tendon-dependent phase, and a muscle-dependent growth phase.


intermediate mesodermal cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an intermediate mesoderm cell.


neuron fate commitment

The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a neuron.


positive regulation of cardiac muscle fiber development

Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle fiber development.


lens induction in camera-type eye

Signaling at short range between the head ectoderm and the optic vesicle that results in the head ectoderm forming a lens.


trachea formation

The process pertaining to the initial formation of a trachea from unspecified parts. The process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the trachea is recognizable. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.


branching involved in prostate gland morphogenesis

The process in which the branching structure of the prostate gland is generated and organized. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem.


mammary gland formation

The process pertaining to the initial formation of the mammary gland from unspecified parts. The process begins with formation of the mammary line and ends when the solid mammary bud invades the primary mammary mesenchyme.


epithelial-mesenchymal cell signaling

Any process that results in the transfer of information from an epithelial cell to a mesenchymal cell where it is interpreted.


negative regulation of prostatic bud formation

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of prostatic bud formation, the morphogenetic process in which a region of the fetal urogenital sinus epithelium is specified to become the prostate, resulting in prostate bud outgrowth.


positive regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis

Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched structures of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units.


glomerular capillary formation

The process that gives rise to a glomerular capillary. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts.


negative regulation of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation.


nephric duct formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a nephric duct. A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney.


ureter morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the ureter are generated and organized. The ureter is a muscular tube that transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.


negative regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the ureter gland over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets.


negative regulation of glomerulus development

Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of glomerulus development, the progression of the glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney.


pericyte cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a pericyte cell.


positive regulation of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis.


regulation of mesodermal cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesodermal cell differentiation.


negative regulation of metanephric S-shaped body morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric S-shaped body morphogenesis.


negative regulation of metanephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis.


BMP3_HUMAN Bone morphogenetic protein 3 (sprot)

A bone morphogenetic protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ODBA_HUMAN 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit alpha, mitochondrial (sprot)

A 2-oxoisovalerate dehydrogenase subunit alpha, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate dehydrogenase (2-methylpropanoyl-transferring) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate + lipoamide = S-(2-methylpropanoyl)dihydrolipoamide + CO2.


ECP_HUMAN Eosinophil cationic protein (sprot)

An eosinophil cationic protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


SKI_HUMAN Ski oncogene (sprot)

A ski oncogene that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of Schwann cell proliferation

Any process that decreases the frequency or extent of the multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system.


histone deacetylase inhibitor activity

Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of histone deacetylase, which catalyzes of the removal of acetyl groups from histones, proteins complexed to DNA in chromatin and chromosomes.


myotube differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotube differentiation starts with myoblast fusion and the appearance of specific cell markers (this is the cell development step). Then individual myotubes can fuse to form bigger myotubes and start to contract. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse.


SKIL_HUMAN Ski-like protein (sprot)

A ski-like protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage.


ACTN1_HUMAN Alpha-actinin-1 (sprot)

An alpha-actinin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


platelet morphogenesis

Generation and organization of a platelet, a non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation.


fascia adherens

A cell-cell junction that contains the transmembrane protein N-cadherin, which interacts with identical molecules from neighbouring cells to form a tight mechanical intercellular link; forms a large portion of the intercalated disc, the structure at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes.


ACE_HUMAN Angiotensin-converting enzyme (sprot)

An angiotensin-converting enzyme that is encoded in the genome of human.


peptidyl-dipeptidase activity

Catalysis of the release of C-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain.


mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase binding

Binding to a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, a protein that can phosphorylate a MAP kinase.


bradykinin receptor binding

Binding to a bradykinin receptor.


antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I

The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules.


regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin

The process in which renin-angiotensin modulates the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system.


mononuclear cell proliferation

The expansion of a mononuclear cell population by cell division. A mononuclear cell is a leukocyte with a single non-segmented nucleus in the mature form.


regulation of angiotensin metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving angiotensin.


cell proliferation in bone marrow

The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population in the bone marrow.


MYL4_HUMAN Myosin light chain 4 (sprot)

A myosin light chain 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CADH1_HUMAN Cadherin-1 (sprot)

A cadherin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cellular response to lithium ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lithium (Li+) ion stimulus.


cellular response to indole-3-methanol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an indole-3-methanol stimulus.


regulation of protein catabolic process at postsynapse, modulating synaptic transmission

Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating a catabolic process occurring at a postsynapse.


DEF4_HUMAN Defensin alpha 4 (sprot)

A protein that is a translation product of the DEFA4 gene in human.


MOTI_HUMAN Promotilin (sprot)

A promotilin that is encoded in the genome of human.


motilin receptor binding

Binding to a motilin receptor.


MYH1_HUMAN Myosin-1 (sprot)

A myosin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MYH7_HUMAN Myosin-7 (sprot)

A myosin-7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


transition between fast and slow fiber

The process of conversion of fast-contracting muscle fibers to a slower character. This may involve slowing of contractile rate, slow myosin gene induction, increase in oxidative metabolic properties, altered electrophysiology and altered innervation. This process also regulates skeletal muscle adapatation.


myosin filament

A supramolecular fiber containing myosin heavy chains, plus associated light chains and other proteins, in which the myosin heavy chains are arranged into a filament.


SRC_HUMAN Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (sprot)

A proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src that is encoded in the genome of human.


connexin binding

Binding to a connexin, any of a group of related proteins that assemble to form gap junctions.


primary ovarian follicle growth

Increase in size of primary follicles including oocyte growth and granulosa and/or theca cell proliferation until more than one layer of granulosa cells is present (preantral follicle).


positive regulation of glucose metabolic process

Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose.


regulation of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway.


positive regulation of dephosphorylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a molecule.


entry of bacterium into host cell

The process in which a bacterium enters a host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to mineralocorticoid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mineralocorticoid stimulus. Mineralocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol and characterized by their similarity to aldosterone. Mineralocorticoids act primarily on water and electrolyte balance.


regulation of cell projection assembly

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cell projection assembly.


positive regulation of non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity.


positive regulation of male germ cell proliferation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of male germ cell proliferation.


positive regulation of ovarian follicle development

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ovarian follicle development.


regulation of caveolin-mediated endocytosis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of caveolin-mediated endocytosis.


PEPD_HUMAN Xaa-Pro dipeptidase (sprot)

An Xaa-Pro dipeptidase that is encoded in the genome of human.


metallocarboxypeptidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a single C-terminal amino acid residue from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.


proline dipeptidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + a dipeptide with proline at the C-terminal <=> L-proline + a standard alpha amino acid.


XRCC6_HUMAN X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6 (sprot)

An X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DNA end binding

Binding to DNA ends exposed by the creation of double-strand breaks (DSBs).


positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte differentiation.


regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.


cellular response to X-ray

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of X-ray radiation. An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 nanometers to 100 picometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz to 3 EHz).


Ku70:Ku80 complex

Heterodimeric protein complex composed of a 70 kDa and a 80 kDa subunit, binds DNA through a channel formed by the heterodimer. Functions in DNA double stranded break repair, chromosome maintenance, transcription regulation, V(D)J recombination, and activation of DNA-PK.


DNA-dependent protein kinase-DNA ligase 4 complex

A large protein complex which is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks and, in mammals, V(D)J recombination events. It consists of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), the DNA end-binding heterodimer Ku, the nuclear phosphoprotein XRCC4 or a homolog thereof, and DNA ligase IV.


nonhomologous end joining complex

A protein complex that plays a role in DNA double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining. Such complexes typically contain a specialized DNA ligase (e.g. Lig4 in eukaryotes) and one or more proteins that bind to DNA ends.


LYL1_HUMAN Protein lyl-1 (sprot)

A protein lyl-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


XRCC5_HUMAN X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5 (sprot)

An X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


small-subunit processome assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a small-subunit processome.


negative regulation of t-circle formation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of t-circle formation.


UNG_HUMAN Uracil-DNA glycosylase (sprot)

A uracil-DNA glycosylase that is encoded in the genome of human.


uracil DNA N-glycosylase activity

Catalysis of the cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar, releasing a free base and leaving an apyrimidinic (AP) site. Enzymes with this activity recognize and remove uracil bases in DNA that result from the deamination of cytosine or the misincorporation of dUTP opposite an adenine.


base-excision repair, AP site formation via deaminated base removal

A base-excision repair, AP site formation process occurring via excision of a deaminated base.


NR2C1_HUMAN Nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group C member 1 (sprot)

A nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group C member 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


COX41_HUMAN Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial (sprot)

A cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


IFM1_HUMAN Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (sprot)

An interferon-induced transmembrane protein that is a translation product of the IFITM1 gene in human.


response to interferon-alpha

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-alpha stimulus. Interferon-alpha is a type I interferon.


HEM1_HUMAN 5-aminolevulinate synthase, non-specific, mitochondrial (sprot)

A 5-aminolevulinate synthase, non-specific, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


5-aminolevulinate synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycine + H+ + succinyl-CoA = 5-aminolevulinate + CO2 + CoA.


GP1BB_HUMAN Platelet glycoprotein Ib beta chain (sprot)

A platelet glycoprotein Ib beta chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


IL7_HUMAN Interleukin-7 (sprot)

An interleukin-7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


interleukin-7 receptor binding

Binding to an interleukin-7 receptor.


positive regulation of B cell differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation.


CCL4_HUMAN C-C motif chemokine 4 (sprot)

A C-C motif chemokine 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GILT_HUMAN Gamma-interferon-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase (sprot)

A gamma-interferon-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase that is encoded in the genome of human.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, disulfide as acceptor

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces disulfide.


MYF5_HUMAN Myogenic factor 5 (sprot)

A myogenic factor 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HXD8_HUMAN Homeobox protein Hox-D8 (sprot)

A homeobox protein Hox-D8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TDGF1_HUMAN Teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 (sprot)

A teratocarcinoma-derived growth factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


LAMP2_HUMAN Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 (sprot)

A lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RINI_HUMAN Ribonuclease inhibitor (sprot)

A ribonuclease inhibitor that is encoded in the genome of human.


ribonuclease inhibitor activity

Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of ribonuclease.


BMP1_HUMAN Bone morphogenetic protein 1 (sprot)

A bone morphogenetic protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CY24A_HUMAN Cytochrome b-245 light chain (sprot)

A cytochrome b-245 light chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


smooth muscle hypertrophy

The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of an organ due to an increase in size of its smooth muscle cells without cell division. Physiological hypertrophy is a normal process during development, and can also occur in mature structures on demand. In the uterus, smooth muscle cells undergo hypertrophy during pregnancy.


cytochrome complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cytochrome complex. A cytochrome complex is a protein complex in which at least one of the proteins is a cytochrome, i.e. a heme-containing protein involved in catalysis of redox reactions.


CCL2_HUMAN C-C motif chemokine 2 (sprot)

A C-C motif chemokine 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CCR2 chemokine receptor binding

Binding to a CCR2 chemokine receptor.


helper T cell extravasation

The migration of a helper T cell from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue. A helper T-cell is an effector T cell that provides help in the form of secreted cytokines to other immune cells.


negative regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial cell proliferation.


negative regulation of natural killer cell chemotaxis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell chemotaxis.


CCL5_HUMAN C-C motif chemokine 5 (sprot)

A C-C motif chemokine 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activator activity

Binds to and increases the activity of a receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase.


CCR4 chemokine receptor binding

Binding to a CCR4 chemokine receptor.


chemokine receptor antagonist activity

Interacts with chemokine receptors to reduce the action of a chemokine.


regulation of chronic inflammatory response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response.


activation of phospholipase D activity

Any process that initiates the activity of inactive phospholipase D.


negative regulation of macrophage apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage apoptotic process.


SCG2_HUMAN Secretogranin-2 (sprot)

A secretogranin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MYH6_HUMAN Myosin-6 (sprot)

A myosin-6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


visceral muscle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the visceral muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


regulation of heart growth

Any process that modulates the rate or extent of heart growth. Heart growth is the increase in size or mass of the heart.


MYH8_HUMAN Myosin-8 (sprot)

A myosin-8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


myosin light chain binding

Binding to a light chain of a myosin complex.


CFTR_HUMAN Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (sprot)

A cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator that is encoded in the genome of human.


intracellularly ATP-gated chloride channel activity

Enables passage of a chloride ion through a transmembrane channel that opens when ATP is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the intracellular side of the plasma membrane.


Sec61 translocon complex binding

Binding to a Sec61 translocon complex.


intracellular pH elevation

Any process that increases the internal pH of a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


positive regulation of cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel activity.


positive regulation of voltage-gated chloride channel activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of voltage-gated chloride channel activity.


CP4B1_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 4B1 (sprot)

A cytochrome P450 4B1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


biphenyl metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving biphenyl, a toxic aromatic hydrocarbon used as a heat transfer agent, as a fungistat in packaging citrus fruits and in plant disease control. Biphenyl can be chlorinated with 1-10 chlorine molecules to form polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).


NCAM1_HUMAN Neural cell adhesion molecule 1 (sprot)

A neural cell adhesion molecule 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway.


ICAM2_HUMAN Intercellular adhesion molecule 2 (sprot)

An intercellular adhesion molecule 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CSPG2_HUMAN Versican core protein (sprot)

A versican core protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


interphotoreceptor matrix

A specialized extracellularc matrix that surrounds the photoreceptors of the retina and lies between them and the apical surface of the retinal pigment epithelium. The IPM has been implicated in several important activities required for photoreceptor function and maintenance.


ITA4_HUMAN Integrin alpha-4 (sprot)

An integrin alpha-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


immune response in gut-associated lymphoid tissue

Immune response taking place in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). GALT includes Peyer's patches, appendix, and solitary lymph nodules.


cell-matrix adhesion involved in ameboidal cell migration

The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix that contributes to the directed movement of an ameboid cell.


diapedesis

The passage of a leukocyte between the tight junctions of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, typically the fourth and final step of cellular extravasation.


negative regulation of protein homodimerization activity

Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of protein homodimerization, interacting selectively with an identical protein to form a homodimer.


cell-cell adhesion in response to extracellular stimulus

The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules as a result of an extracellular stimulus.


clathrin-dependent extracellular exosome endocytosis

The clathrin-mediated endocytosis of an extracellular exosome.


integrin alpha4-beta7 complex

An integrin complex that comprises one alpha4 subunit and one beta7 subunit.


RARG_HUMAN Retinoic acid receptor gamma (sprot)

A retinoic acid receptor gamma that is encoded in the genome of human.


growth plate cartilage chondrocyte growth

The growth of a growth plate cartilage chondrocyte, where growth contributes to the progression of the chondrocyte over time from one condition to another.


regulation of myeloid cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myeloid cell differentiation.


AT1A3_HUMAN Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 (sprot)

A sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


EF2_HUMAN Elongation factor 2 (sprot)

An elongation factor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MT1G_HUMAN Metallothionein-1G (sprot)

A metallothionein-1G that is encoded in the genome of human.


K1C10_HUMAN Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 10 (sprot)

A keratin, type I cytoskeletal 10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


K1C13_HUMAN Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 13 (sprot)

A keratin, type I cytoskeletal 13 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of translation in response to stress

Modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation).


K2C5_HUMAN Keratin, type II cytoskeletal 5 (sprot)

A keratin, type II cytoskeletal 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


intermediate filament polymerization

Assembly of intermediate filaments by the addition of component monomers to a filament. Polymerization of intermediate filament proteins results from interactions among several distinct binding sites on the constituent proteins. Nuclear lamin head-to-tail polymers arise from one such interaction. Deletion analysis localized the binding sites to the ends of the rod domain that are highly conserved among all intermediate filament proteins. Data indicate that one type of interaction in intermediate filament protein polymerization is the longitudinal binding of dimers via the conserved end segments of the coiled-coil rod domain.


PDIA4_HUMAN Protein disulfide-isomerase A4 (sprot)

A protein disulfide-isomerase A4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CO6_HUMAN Complement component C6 (sprot)

A complement component C6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


P4HA1_HUMAN Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1 (sprot)

A prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ZNF35_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 35 (sprot)

A zinc finger protein 35 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PPA5_HUMAN Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5 (sprot)

A tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase type 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of superoxide anion generation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of enzymatic generation of superoxide by a cell.


CEAM1_HUMAN Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (sprot)

A carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of endothelial cell migration

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium.


negative regulation of interleukin-1 production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 production.


insulin receptor internalization

A receptor-mediated endocytosis process that results in the movement of an insulin receptor from the plasma membrane to the inside of the cell.


negative regulation of cytotoxic T cell degranulation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of cytotoxic T cell degranulation.


regulation of endothelial cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell differentiation.


negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.


regulation of homophilic cell adhesion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of homophilic cell adhesion.


negative regulation of hepatocyte proliferation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte proliferation.


TCTP_HUMAN Translationally-controlled tumor protein (sprot)

A translationally-controlled tumor protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


HEM2_HUMAN Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (sprot)

A delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase that is encoded in the genome of human.


porphobilinogen synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 5-aminolevulinate = 2 H2O + H+ + porphobilinogen.


proteasome core complex binding

Binding to a proteasome core complex.


response to aluminum ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aluminum ion stimulus.


response to vitamin B1

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B1 stimulus.


response to cobalt ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cobalt ion stimulus.


response to methylmercury

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methylmercury stimulus.


ONCM_HUMAN Oncostatin-M (sprot)

An oncostatin-M that is encoded in the genome of human.


oncostatin-M receptor binding

Binding to an oncostatin-M receptor.


oncostatin-M-mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by oncostatin-M (OSM) binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. OSM can signal via at least two different receptors (a specific receptor and a LIF receptor) to activate different downstream signal transduction pathways.


TF_HUMAN Tissue factor (sprot)

A tissue factor that is encoded in the genome of human.


activation of plasma proteins involved in acute inflammatory response

Any process activating plasma proteins by proteolysis as part of an acute inflammatory response.


activation of blood coagulation via clotting cascade

Any process that initiates the clotting cascade of blood coagulation, a cascade of plasma enzymes that is triggered following damage to blood vessels, leading to formation of a clot.


PRG2_HUMAN Bone marrow proteoglycan (sprot)

A bone marrow proteoglycan that is encoded in the genome of human.


HLAE_HUMAN HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain E (sprot)

An MHC class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain E that is encoded in the genome of human.


natural killer cell lectin-like receptor binding

Binding to a lectin-like natural killer cell receptor.


positive regulation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.


antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib

The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family.


antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib

The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family.


regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immunity.


positive regulation of TRAIL production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of TRAIL production.


positive regulation of natural killer cell activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell activation.


MHC class Ib protein complex

A transmembrane protein complex composed of a MHC class Ib alpha chain and, in most cases, an invariant beta2-microglobin chain, and with or without a bound peptide or lipid antigen. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 or HLA-E gene families.


DRB4_HUMAN HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR beta 4 chain (sprot)

An MHC class II histocompatibility antigen beta chain DRB4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DOB_HUMAN HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain (sprot)

An MHC class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


PLSL_HUMAN Plastin-2 (sprot)

A plastin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


T cell activation involved in immune response

The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


regulation of intracellular protein transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins within cells.


actin crosslink formation

The process in which two or more actin filaments are connected together by proteins that act as crosslinks between the filaments. The crosslinked filaments may be on the same or differing axes.


PLST_HUMAN Plastin-3 (sprot)

A plastin-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ACPH_HUMAN Acylamino-acid-releasing enzyme (sprot)

An acylamino-acid-releasing enzyme that is encoded in the genome of human.


translational termination

The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code).


ETFA_HUMAN Electron transfer flavoprotein subunit alpha, mitochondrial (sprot)

An electron transfer flavoprotein subunit alpha, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


electron transfer flavoprotein complex

A protein complex facilitating the electron transfer from an acyl-CoA molecule to ubiquinone via its flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor. Usually contains an alpha and a beta subunit and the structural cofactor adenosine monophosphate (AMP). Part of a system that oxidizes an acyl-CoA molecule and reduces ubiquinone and other acceptors in the electron transport system.


TNNT1_HUMAN Troponin T, slow skeletal muscle (sprot)

A troponin T, slow skeletal muscle that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of muscle contraction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction.


GYS1_HUMAN Glycogen [starch] synthase, muscle (sprot)

A glycogen [starch] synthase, muscle that is encoded in the genome of human.


glycogen (starch) synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + (1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) = UDP + (1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl(n+1).


glycogen synthase activity, transferring glucose-1-phosphate

Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + (1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) = UMP + (1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl(n)-glucose-1-phosphate.


KAP2_HUMAN cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit (sprot)

A cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit that is encoded in the genome of human.


cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex

An enzyme complex, composed of regulatory and catalytic subunits, that catalyzes protein phosphorylation. Inactive forms of the enzyme have two regulatory chains and two catalytic chains; activation by cAMP produces two active catalytic monomers and a regulatory dimer.


SC5A1_HUMAN Sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 (sprot)

A sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: myo-inositol(out) + Na+(out) = myo-inositol(in) + Na+(in).


water transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of water (H2O) from one side of a membrane to the other.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose(out) + Na+(out) = glucose(in) + Na+(in).


pentose transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of a pentose sugar from one side of a membrane to the other. Pentose is a monosaccharide with 5 carbon atoms.


fucose transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of fucose from one side of a membrane to the other. Fucose is 6-deoxygalactose and has two enantiomers, D-fucose and L-fucose.


alpha-glucoside transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of alpha-glucosides from one side of a membrane to the other. Alpha-glucosides are glycosides in which the sugar group is a glucose residue, and the anomeric carbon of the bond is in an alpha configuration.


Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: galactose(out) + Na+(out) = glucose(in) + Na+(in).


alpha-glucoside transport

The directed movement of alpha-glucosides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Alpha-glucosides are glycosides in which the sugar group is a glucose residue, and the anomeric carbon of the bond is in an alpha configuration.


pentose transmembrane transport

The process in which pentose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. A pentose is any aldose with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.


fucose transmembrane transport

The process in which fucose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Fucose is 6-deoxygalactose and has two enantiomers, D-fucose and L-fucose.


myo-inositol transport

The directed movement of myo-inositol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Myo-inositol is 1,2,3,4,5/4,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.


sodium ion import across plasma membrane

The directed movement of sodium ions from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


intestinal hexose absorption

Uptake of hexoses, notably D-glucose, fructose, and galactose, into the blood by absorption from the small intestine.


intracellular organelle

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane.


ANXA8_HUMAN Annexin A8 (sprot)

An annexin A8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of serine-type endopeptidase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of serine-type endopeptidase activity.


negative regulation of phospholipase A2 activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipase A2 activity.


ENOB_HUMAN Beta-enolase (sprot)

A beta-enolase that is encoded in the genome of human.


COBA2_HUMAN Collagen alpha-2(XI) chain (sprot)

A collagen alpha-2(XI) chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


ADRB3_HUMAN Beta-3 adrenergic receptor (sprot)

A beta-3 adrenergic receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


beta3-adrenergic receptor activity

Combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine to initiate a change in cell activity via activation of a G protein, with pharmacological characteristics of beta3-adrenergic receptors.


beta-3 adrenergic receptor binding

Binding to a beta-3 adrenergic receptor.


T2FB_HUMAN General transcription factor IIF subunit 2 (sprot)

A general transcription factor IIF subunit 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


transcription factor TFIIF complex

A general transcription initiation factor which in humans consists of a heterodimer of an alpha and a beta subunit. Helps recruit RNA polymerase II to the initiation complex and promotes translation elongation.


HRES1_HUMAN Putative HTLV-1-related endogenous sequence (sprot)


CD59_HUMAN CD59 glycoprotein (sprot)

A CD59 glycoprotein that is encoded in the genome of human.


YJU2B_HUMAN Probable splicing factor YJU2B (sprot)

A probable splicing factor YJU2B that is encoded in the genome of human.


MTDC_HUMAN Bifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase, mitochondrial (sprot)

A bifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


3BHS1_HUMAN 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type 1 (sprot)

A 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cholesterol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + NAD = cholest-5-en-3-one + NADH + H+.


DHB1_HUMAN 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (sprot)

A 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


testosterone dehydrogenase [NAD(P)] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: testosterone + NAD(P)+ = androst-4-ene-3,17-dione + NAD(P)H + H+.


Catalysis of the reaction: 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone + NAD+ = 5alpha-androstane-3,17-dione + NADH.


17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: a 17-beta-hydroxysteroid + NADP+ = a 17-oxosteroid + NADPH + H+.


estradiol binding

Binding to estradiol.


cellular response to metal ion

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a metal ion stimulus.


CATE_HUMAN Cathepsin E (sprot)

A cathepsin E that is encoded in the genome of human.


GFAP_HUMAN Glial fibrillary acidic protein (sprot)

A glial fibrillary acidic protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of Schwann cell proliferation

Any process that increases the frequency or rate of the multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system.


Schwann cell proliferation

The multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system.


D-aspartate import across plasma membrane

The directed import of D-aspartate from the extracellular region across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


astrocyte end-foot

Terminal process of astrocyte abutting non-neuronal surfaces in the brain.


EDN3_HUMAN Endothelin-3 (sprot)

An endothelin-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


intracellular magnesium ion homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of magnesium ions within a cell.


LYAM1_HUMAN L-selectin (sprot)

An L-selectin that is encoded in the genome of human.


oligosaccharide binding

Binding to an oligosaccharide, a molecule with between two and (about) 20 monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages.


MIF_HUMAN Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (sprot)

A macrophage migration inhibitory factor that is encoded in the genome of human.


dopachrome isomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-dopachrome = 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylate.


phenylpyruvate tautomerase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: keto-phenylpyruvate = enol-phenylpyruvate.


positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion involved in immune response

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a prostaglandin from a cell and contributes to the immune response.


positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte cytokine production involved in immune response

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the production of a cytokine that contributes to the immune response.


protein homotrimerization

The formation of a protein homotrimer, a macromolecular structure consisting of three noncovalently associated identical subunits.


FOLR2_HUMAN Folate receptor beta (sprot)

A folate receptor beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


folic acid receptor activity

Combining selectively with extracellular folic acid and delivering it into the cell via endocytosis.


cellular response to folic acid

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a folic acid stimulus.


CD99_HUMAN CD99 antigen (sprot)

A CD99 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human.


HGF_HUMAN Hepatocyte growth factor (sprot)

A hepatocyte growth factor that is encoded in the genome of human.


PERF_HUMAN Perforin-1 (sprot)

A perforin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


pore-forming activity

An activity in which a protein is inserted into the membrane of another cell where it forms transmembrane pores. Pores disrupts the integrity of the cell membrane, resulting in deregulated ion homeostasis, cellular dysfunction, and can result in cell death.


immune response to tumor cell

An immune system process that functions in the response of an organism to a tumor cell.


GLU2B_HUMAN Glucosidase 2 subunit beta (sprot)

A glucosidase 2 subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


glucosidase II complex

A heterodimeric complex that catalyzes the trimming of glucose residues from N-linked core glycans on newly synthesized glycoproteins.


IRF2_HUMAN Interferon regulatory factor 2 (sprot)

An interferon regulatory factor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HCLS1_HUMAN Hematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein (sprot)

A hematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


nuclear transport

The directed movement of substances into, out of, or within the nucleus.


negative regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte apoptotic process.


FPPS_HUMAN Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (sprot)

A farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase that is encoded in the genome of human.


TRI27_HUMAN Zinc finger protein RFP (sprot)

A zinc finger protein RFP that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of adaptive immune response

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response.


CBPM_HUMAN Carboxypeptidase M (sprot)

A carboxypeptidase M that is encoded in the genome of human.


CX7A2_HUMAN Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial (sprot)

A cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


SUIS_HUMAN Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal (sprot)

A sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal that is encoded in the genome of human.


oligo-1,6-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in some oligosaccharides produced from starch and glycogen by alpha-amylase, and in isomaltose. Releases a free alpha-D-glucose.


sucrose alpha-glucosidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: sucrose + H2O = alpha-D-glucose + beta-D-fructose.


sucrose catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, the disaccharide fructofuranosyl-glucopyranoside.


AT1B2_HUMAN Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 (sprot)

A sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


lateral ventricle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral ventricles over time, from the formation to the mature structure. The two lateral ventricles are a cavity in each of the cerebral hemispheres derived from the cavity of the embryonic neural tube. They are separated from each other by the septum pellucidum, and each communicates with the third ventricle by the foramen of Monro, through which also the choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles become continuous with that of the third ventricle.


third ventricle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the third ventricle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The third ventricle is the narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami. Its floor is formed by the hypothalamus, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by ependyma, and it communicates with the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct, and with the lateral ventricles by the interventricular foramina.


neuronal-glial interaction involved in hindbrain glial-mediated radial cell migration

The changes in adhesion between a neuronal cell and a glial cell as a component of the process of hindbrain glial-mediated radial cell migration.


plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization

A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a plasma membrane bounded prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a cilium or axon.


negative regulation of glial cell migration

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell migration.


cell projection membrane

The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a plasma membrane bounded cell surface projection.


cell body membrane

The plasma membrane of a cell that bears surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella, excluding the plasma membrane on cell projections.


DRD2_HUMAN D(2) dopamine receptor (sprot)

A D(2) dopamine receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Go

Combining with the neurotransmitter dopamine and activating adenylate cyclase via coupling to Gi/Go to initiate a change in cell activity.


nervous system process involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

The regulation of blood pressure mediated by detection of stimuli and a neurological response.


G protein-coupled receptor internalization

The process that results in the uptake of a G protein-coupled receptor into an endocytic vesicle.


orbitofrontal cortex development

The progression of the orbitofrontal cortex over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The orbitofrontal cortex is a cerebral cortex region located in the frontal lobe.


cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron migration

The migration of GABAergic interneuron precursors from the subpallium to the cerebral cortex.


peristalsis

A wavelike sequence of involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation that passes along a tubelike structure, such as the intestine, impelling the contents onwards.


auditory behavior

The behavior of an organism in response to a sound.


negative regulation of dopamine secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of dopamine.


response to histamine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a histamine stimulus. Histamine, the biogenic amine 2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethanamine, is involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter.


negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the duration or quality of sleep, a readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity that occurs periodically in many animals.


regulation of potassium ion transport

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


acid secretion

The controlled release of acid by a cell or a tissue.


behavioral response to cocaine

Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a cocaine stimulus.


branching morphogenesis of a nerve

The process in which the anatomical structures of branches in a nerve are generated and organized. This term refers to an anatomical structure (nerve) not a cell (neuron).


positive regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of dopamine into a cell.


regulation of synapse structural plasticity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synapse structural plasticity. Synapse structural plasticity is a type of cytoskeletal remodeling; this remodeling is induced by stimuli that can lead to long term potentiation and it can be activity-dependent or -independent. Examples of cytoskeletal changes include the formation of new spines and increase in spine size; this can be accompanied by the insertion of greater numbers of glutamate (or other neurotransmitter) receptors into the post-synaptic membrane.


negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate.


regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the self-propelled movement of a cell or organism from one location to another in a behavioral context; the aspect of locomotory behavior having to do with movement.


positive regulation of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor production.


G protein-coupled receptor complex

A protein complex that contains G protein-coupled receptors.


NID1_HUMAN Nidogen-1 (sprot)

A nidogen-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


AK1A1_HUMAN Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 (sprot)

An aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


L-glucuronate reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-gulonate + NADP+ = D-glucuronate + H+ + NADPH.


glucuronolactone reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-gulono-1,4-lactone + NADP+ = D-glucurono-3,6-lactone + H+ + NADPH.


glycerol dehydrogenase [NADP+] activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glycerol + NADP+ = D-glyceraldehyde + NADPH.


S-nitrosoglutathione reductase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: glutathione N-hydroxysulfenamide + NADH + H+ = S-nitrosoglutathione + NAD+.


methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH-dependent, acetol producing)

Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxyacetone + NADP+ = H+ + methylglyoxal + NADPH.


L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-ascorbic acid; L-ascorbic acid ionizes to give L-ascorbate, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate, which is required as a cofactor in the oxidation of prolyl residues to hydroxyprolyl, and other reactions.


D-glucuronate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-glucuronate, the D-enantiomer of glucuronate.


PA2GA_HUMAN Phospholipase A2, membrane associated (sprot)

A phospholipase A2, membrane associated that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of neutrophil activation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil activation.


NCF1_HUMAN Neutrophil cytosol factor 1 (sprot)

A neutrophil cytosol factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of epidermal growth factor-activated receptor activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of EGF-activated receptor activity.