cellular response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulus. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a peptide hormone responsible for the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary. GnRH is synthesized and released by the hypothalamus.


negative regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

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Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity.


secondary lysosome

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Vacuole formed by the fusion of a lysosome with an organelle (autosome) or with a primary phagosome.


ERD21_HUMAN ER lumen protein-retaining receptor 1 (sprot)

An ER lumen protein-retaining receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


IL4RA_HUMAN Interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha (sprot)

An interleukin-4 receptor subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


interleukin-4 receptor activity

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Combining with interleukin-4 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


CP3A7_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 3A7 (sprot)

A cytochrome P450 3A7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


COT2_HUMAN COUP transcription factor 2 (sprot)

A COUP transcription factor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


radial pattern formation

The regionalization process that results in defined areas around a point in which specific types of cell differentiation will occur.


lymphatic endothelial cell fate commitment

The commitment of a venous blood vessel endothelial cell to a lymphatic endothelial cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a lymphatic endothelial cell.


GA45A_HUMAN Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha (sprot)

A growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of a serine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein.


EDNRB_HUMAN Endothelin receptor type B (sprot)

An endothelin receptor type B that is encoded in the genome of human.


heparin metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving heparin, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans found mainly as an intracellular component of mast cells. They are similar to heparan sulfates but are of somewhat higher average Mr (6000-20000) and contain fewer N-acetyl groups and more N-sulfate and O-sulfate groups; they may be attached in the same manner to protein, forming proteoglycans. They consist predominantly of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-sulfate residues.


aldosterone metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving aldosterone, a corticosteroid hormone that is produced by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex and regulates salt (sodium and potassium) and water balance.


enteric smooth muscle cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell of the intestine.


response to endothelin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an endothelin stimulus. Endothelin is any of three secretory vasoconstrictive peptides (endothelin-1, -2, -3).


EF1B_HUMAN Elongation factor 1-beta (sprot)

An elongation factor 1-beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 complex

A multisubunit nucleotide exchange complex that binds GTP and aminoacyl-tRNAs, and catalyzes their codon-dependent placement at the A-site of the ribosome. In humans, the complex is composed of four subunits, alpha, beta, delta and gamma.


AT5F1_HUMAN ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial (sprot)

An ATP synthase F(0) complex subunit B1, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


THAS_HUMAN Thromboxane-A synthase (sprot)

A thromboxane-A synthase that is encoded in the genome of human.


thromboxane-A synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H(2) = thromboxane A(2).


oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor.


12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H2 = 12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid (HHT) + malonaldehyde (MDA).


icosanoid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving icosanoids, any of a group of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids.


AKAP5_HUMAN A-kinase anchor protein 5 (sprot)

An A-kinase anchor protein 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of endosome to plasma membrane protein transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endosome to plasma membrane protein transport.


postsynaptic recycling endosome

A recycling endosome of the postsynapse. In postsynaptic terminals with dendritic spines, it is typically located at the base of a dendritic spine. It is involved in recycling of neurotransmitter receptors to the postsynaptic membrane. In some cases at least, this recycling is activated by postsynaptic signaling and so can play a role in long term potentiation.


IBP6_HUMAN Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 6 (sprot)

An insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


insulin-like growth factor binary complex

A complex of two proteins, which in animals is 50kDa and consists of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and one of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1), -2 (IGFBP-2), -4 (IGFBP-4) and -6 (IGFBP-6). The complex plays a role in growth and development.


IBP5_HUMAN Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (sprot)

An insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of muscle tissue development

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle tissue development.


negative regulation of skeletal muscle hypertrophy

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle hypertrophy.


PPAC_HUMAN Low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase (sprot)

A low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase that is encoded in the genome of human.


non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine + phosphate.


KPCL_HUMAN Protein kinase C eta type (sprot)

A protein kinase C eta type that is encoded in the genome of human.


calcium-independent protein kinase C activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires diacylglycerol but not calcium.


THIL_HUMAN Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial (sprot)

An acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


C-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a carbon atom on the acceptor molecule.


ketone body catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ketone bodies, any one of the three substances: acetoacetate, D-3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) or acetone. Ketone bodies can be used as an energy source as an alternative to glucose. Utilization of ketone bodies in peripheral tissues involves conversion of acetoacetate to acetoacetyl-CoA, which is then converted to two molecules of acetyl-CoA.


metanephric proximal convoluted tubule development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric proximal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric proximal convoluted tubule is the most proximal portion of the metanephric proximal tubule and extends from the metanephric glomerular capsule to the metanephric proximal straight tubule.


ketone body metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ketone body.


propionyl-CoA biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of propionyl-CoA.


TENA_HUMAN Tenascin (sprot)

A tenascin that is encoded in the genome of human.


mesenchymal-epithelial cell signaling involved in prostate gland development

Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an epithelial cell where it is received and interpreted contributing to the progression of the prostate gland over time.


cellular response to prostaglandin D stimulus

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin D stimulus.


MYL9_HUMAN Myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 (sprot)

A myosin regulatory light polypeptide 9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DNAS1_HUMAN Deoxyribonuclease-1 (sprot)

A deoxyribonuclease-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


neutrophil activation involved in immune response

The change in morphology and behavior of a neutrophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


regulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a target cell, the directed killing of a target cell by a neutrophil.


CCNC_HUMAN Cyclin-C (sprot)

A cyclin-C that is encoded in the genome of human.


G0 to G1 transition

The mitotic cell cycle phase transition whose occurrence commits the cell from the G0 quiescent state to the G1 phase. Under certain conditions, cells exit the cell cycle during G1 and remain in the G0 state as nongrowing, non-dividing (quiescent) cells. Appropriate stimulation of such cells induces them to return to G1 and resume growth and division. The G0 to G1 transition is accompanied by many changes in the program of gene expression.


CKM complex

Cyclin-dependent kinase complex which reversibly associates with the Mediator complex. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae it consists of SSN2, SSN3, SSN8 and SRB8.


CCNE1_HUMAN G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 (sprot)

A G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CP2F1_HUMAN Cytochrome P450 2F1 (sprot)

A cytochrome P450 2F1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


naphthalene catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of naphthalene.


RPB1_HUMAN DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1 (sprot)

A DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


microfibril binding

Binding to a microfibril, any small fibril occurring in biological material.


CDK2_HUMAN Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (sprot)

A cyclin-dependent kinase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication initiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of initiation of DNA-dependent DNA replication.


regulation of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process.


cyclin A1-CDK2 complex

A protein complex consisting of cyclin A1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner.


cyclin E1-CDK2 complex

A protein complex consisting of cyclin E1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner.


cyclin E2-CDK2 complex

A protein complex consisting of cyclin E2 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Cyclins are characterized by periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclin-dependent kinases represent a family of serine/threonine protein kinases that become active upon binding to a cyclin regulatory partner.


HRH2_HUMAN Histamine H2 receptor (sprot)

A histamine H2 receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


histamine receptor activity

Combining with histamine to initiate a change in cell activity. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans.


CXCR1_HUMAN C-X-C chemokine receptor type 1 (sprot)

A C-X-C chemokine receptor type 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


interleukin-8 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-8 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


biolink:Pathway biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:NamedThing biolink:OntologyClass biolink:Occurrent biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-8 binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


CXCR2_HUMAN C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2 (sprot)

A C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


APC_HUMAN Adenomatous polyposis coli protein (sprot)

An adenomatous polyposis coli protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of microtubule-based movement

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of microtubule-based movement, the movement of organelles, other microtubules and other particles along microtubules, mediated by motor proteins.


positive regulation of protein localization to centrosome

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to centrosome.


CD24_HUMAN Signal transducer CD24 (sprot)

A signal transducer CD24 that is encoded in the genome of human.


B cell receptor transport into membrane raft

The directed movement of a B cell receptor into a membrane raft.


chemokine receptor transport out of membrane raft

The directed movement of a chemokine receptor out of a membrane raft.


negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta3 production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta3.


CO8A2_HUMAN Collagen alpha-2(VIII) chain (sprot)

A collagen alpha-2(VIII) chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


FPR3_HUMAN N-formyl peptide receptor 3 (sprot)

An N-formyl peptide receptor 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FPR2_HUMAN N-formyl peptide receptor 2 (sprot)

An N-formyl peptide receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GUC2C_HUMAN Guanylyl cyclase C (sprot)

A guanylyl cyclase C that is encoded in the genome of human.


ARBK1_HUMAN Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 (sprot)

A beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


G protein-coupled receptor kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + G protein-coupled receptor = ADP + G protein-coupled receptor phosphate.


beta-adrenergic receptor kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + beta-adrenergic receptor = ADP + phospho-beta-adrenergic receptor.


desensitization of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

The process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway after prolonged stimulation with an agonist of the pathway.


negative regulation of the force of heart contraction by chemical signal

Any process which decreases the force of heart muscle contraction mediated by chemical signaling, hormonal, autocrine or paracrine.


positive regulation of catecholamine secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a catecholamine.


negative regulation of striated muscle contraction

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle contraction.


negative regulation of relaxation of smooth muscle

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of relaxation of smooth muscle.


ADA1D_HUMAN Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor (sprot)

An alpha-1D adrenergic receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


EDNRA_HUMAN Endothelin-1 receptor (sprot)

An endothelin-1 receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


cardiac chamber formation

The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a cardiac chamber from unspecified parts. A cardiac chamber is an enclosed cavity within the heart.


left ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of left cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized.


regulation of protein localization to cell leading edge

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cell leading edge.


NK1R_HUMAN Substance-P receptor (sprot)

A substance-P receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


substance P receptor activity

Combining with substance P, the peptide Arg-Pro-Lys-Pro-Gln-Gln-Phe-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met, to initiate a change in cell activity.


angiotensin-mediated drinking behavior

The drinking behavior that is mediated by the action of angiotensin in the brain. Angiotensin stimulates the brain centers that control thirst.


smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition

The process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in the urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue involved in the expulsion urine from the body.


PTAFR_HUMAN Platelet-activating factor receptor (sprot)

A mammalian-type platelet-activating factor receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


cellular response to gravity

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus.


positive regulation of transcytosis

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcytosis.


positive regulation of maternal process involved in parturition

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of maternal process involved in parturition.


positive regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction.


cellular response to 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine stimulus.


ACKR3_HUMAN Atypical chemokine receptor 3 (sprot)

An atypical chemokine receptor 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


oculomotor nerve development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the oculomotor nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle.


PAR1_HUMAN Proteinase-activated receptor 1 (sprot)

A proteinase-activated receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of glomerular filtration

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular filtration. Glomerular filtration is the processs whereby blood is filtered by the glomerulus into the renal tubule.


establishment of synaptic specificity at neuromuscular junction

The biological process in which a synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle is initially formed.


dendritic cell homeostasis

The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of dendritic cells such that the total number of dendritic cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus.


negative regulation of renin secretion into blood stream

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of renin secretion into blood stream.


MYP0_HUMAN Myelin protein P0 (sprot)

A myelin P0 protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


cell aggregation

The clustering together and adhesion of initially separate cells to form an aggregate. Examples include the clustering of unicellular organisms or blood cells in suspension and the condensation of mesenchymal cells during cartilage formation.


MCM3_HUMAN DNA replication licensing factor MCM3 (sprot)

A DNA replication licensing factor MCM3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MCM complex

A hexameric protein complex required for the initiation and regulation of DNA replication.


NFYB_HUMAN Nuclear transcription factor Y subunit beta (sprot)

A nuclear transcription factor Y subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


A zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein that is encoded in the genome of human.


THTM_HUMAN 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (sprot)

A 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-mercaptopyruvate + cyanide = pyruvate + thiocyanate.


sulfur amino acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids containing sulfur, comprising cysteine, methionine and selenocysteine.


cyanate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyanate, NCO-, the anion of cyanic acid.


hydrogen sulfide biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen sulfide, H2S.


LAMA1_HUMAN Laminin subunit alpha-1 (sprot)

A laminin subunit alpha-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


laminin-3 complex

A laminin complex composed of alpha1, beta2 and gamma1 polypeptide chains.


RS12_HUMAN Small ribosomal subunit protein eS12 (sprot)

A 40S ribosomal protein S12 that is encoded in the genome of human.


BRD2_HUMAN Bromodomain-containing protein 2 (sprot)

A bromodomain-containing protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


acetylation-dependent protein binding

Binding to a protein upon acetylation of the target protein.


TNR6_HUMAN Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 (sprot)

A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


Fas signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand to a Fas receptor on the surface of the cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Fas is a death domain-containing member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily.


TYY1_HUMAN Transcriptional repressor protein YY1 (sprot)

A transcriptional repressor protein YY1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DNJB1_HUMAN DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 1 (sprot)

A DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DNJB2_HUMAN DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 2 (sprot)

A DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of chaperone-mediated protein folding

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chaperone-mediated protein folding.


ATPA_HUMAN ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial (sprot)

An ATP synthase subunit alpha, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


MT3_HUMAN Metallothionein-3 (sprot)

A metallothionein-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


zinc ion transport

The directed movement of zinc (Zn II) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


intracellular monoatomic cation homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of monoatomic cations within a cell. Monatomic cations (also called simple cations) are cations consisting of exactly one atom.


leptin-mediated signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by leptin binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Leptin is a hormone manufactured primarily in the adipocytes of white adipose tissue, and the level of circulating leptin is directly proportional to the total amount of fat in the body.


CATS_HUMAN Cathepsin S (sprot)

A cathepsin S that is encoded in the genome of human.


PSA1_HUMAN Proteasome subunit alpha type-1 (sprot)

A proteasome subunit alpha type-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PSA2_HUMAN Proteasome subunit alpha type-2 (sprot)

A proteasome subunit alpha type-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PSA3_HUMAN Proteasome subunit alpha type-3 (sprot)

A proteasome subunit alpha type-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PSA4_HUMAN Proteasome subunit alpha type-4 (sprot)

A proteasome subunit alpha type-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RBTN2_HUMAN Rhombotin-2 (sprot)

A rhombotin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RBTN1_HUMAN Rhombotin-1 (sprot)

A rhombotin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


S100P_HUMAN Protein S100-P (sprot)

A protein S100-P that is encoded in the genome of human.


UCP1_HUMAN Mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1 (sprot)

A mitochondrial brown fat uncoupling protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


purine ribonucleotide binding

Binding to a purine ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine ribonucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety.


cellular response to dehydroepiandrosterone

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dehydroepiandrosterone stimulus.


NPY1R_HUMAN Neuropeptide Y receptor type 1 (sprot)

A neuropeptide Y receptor type 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


peptide YY receptor activity

Combining with gut peptide YY to initiate a change in cell activity.


pancreatic polypeptide receptor activity

Combining with pancreatic polypeptide PP to initiate a change in cell activity.


neuropeptide Y receptor activity

Combining with neuropeptide Y to initiate a change in cell activity.


CO5A3_HUMAN Collagen alpha-3(V) chain (sprot)

A collagen alpha-3(V) chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


TNR5_HUMAN Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 (sprot)

A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


B cell mediated immunity

Any process involved with the carrying out of an immune response by a B cell, through, for instance, the production of antibodies or cytokines, or antigen presentation to T cells.


response to peptide

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide stimulus.


IKBA_HUMAN NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (sprot)

An NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


nuclear localization sequence binding

Binding to a nuclear localization sequence, a specific peptide sequence that acts as a signal to localize the protein within the nucleus.


ITA3_HUMAN Integrin alpha-3 (sprot)

An integrin alpha-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of BMP signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any BMP receptor signaling pathway.


growth cone filopodium

A thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of an axonal or dendritic growth cone.


ITB7_HUMAN Integrin beta-7 (sprot)

An integrin beta-7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ITB8_HUMAN Integrin beta-8 (sprot)

An integrin beta-8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ganglioside metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving ceramide oligosaccharides carrying in addition to other sugar residues, one or more sialic acid residues.


PTX3_HUMAN Pentraxin-related protein PTX3 (sprot)

A pentraxin-related protein PTX3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


(1->3)-beta-D-glucan binding

Binding to a (1->3)-beta-D-glucan.


MOES_HUMAN Moesin (sprot)

A moesin that is encoded in the genome of human.


T cell aggregation

The adhesion of one T cell to one or more other T cells via adhesion molecules.


PTN3_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 3 (sprot)

A tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of membrane depolarization during action potential

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of membrane depolarization during an action potential. Membrane depolarization is the process in which membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the resting potential.


DDX6_HUMAN Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX6 (sprot)

A probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


P-body assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a cytoplasmic mRNA processing body.


CTNA2_HUMAN Catenin alpha-2 (sprot)

A catenin alpha-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DNMT1_HUMAN DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 (sprot)

A DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA containing cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA containing 5-methylcytosine.


post-fertilization epigenetic regulation of gene expression

A epigenetic process that happens during embryonic development that modulates gene expression potential at later stages of development of the organism, including the adult. Epigenetic regulation takes place via chromatin remodeling either by modifying higher order chromatin fiber structure, nucleosomal histones, or cytosine DNA methylation.


cellular response to bisphenol A

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bisphenol A stimulus.


negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching.


PAX6_HUMAN Paired box protein Pax-6 (sprot)

A paired box protein Pax-6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


type B pancreatic cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of a type B pancreatic cell. A type B pancreatic cell is a cell located towards center of the islets of Langerhans that secretes insulin.


pancreatic A cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pancreatic A cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pancreatic A cell is a cell in the pancreas that secretes glucagon.


rhombomere morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structure of the rhombomere is generated and organized. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates.


oligodendrocyte cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an oligodendrocyte in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


forebrain-midbrain boundary formation

The process whose specific outcome is the creation of the forebrain-midbrain boundary.


habenula development

The progression of the habenula over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The habenula is the group of nuclei that makes up the stalk of the pineal gland.


interkinetic nuclear migration

The movement of the nucleus of the ventricular zone cell between the apical and the basal zone surfaces. Mitosis occurs when the nucleus is near the apical surface, that is, the lumen of the ventricle.


olfactory bulb mitral cell layer development

The progression of the olfactory bulb mitral cell layer over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The mitral cell layer is composed of pyramidal neurons whose cell bodies are located between the granule cell layer and the plexiform layer.


learned vocalization behavior or vocal learning

Vocalisation behavior that is the result of learning, or the process by which new vocalizations are learned.


positive regulation of glutamatergic neuron differentiation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic neuron differentiation.


sensory neuron migration

The orderly movement of a sensory neuron from one site to another.


U2AF2_HUMAN Splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit (sprot)

A splicing factor U2AF 65 kDa subunit that is encoded in the genome of human.


U2AF complex

A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of conserved large and small U2AF subunits that contributes to spliceosomal RNA splicing by binding to consensus sequences at the 3' splice site. U2AF is required to stabilize the association of the U2 snRNP with the branch point.


KRA59_HUMAN Keratin-associated protein 5-9 (sprot)

A keratin-associated protein 5-9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RL13_HUMAN Large ribosomal subunit protein eL13 (sprot)

A 60S ribosomal protein L13 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RAE2_HUMAN Rab proteins geranylgeranyltransferase component A 2 (sprot)

A Rab proteins geranylgeranyltransferase component A 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ELAV4_HUMAN ELAV-like protein 4 (sprot)

An ELAV-like protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


pre-mRNA intronic pyrimidine-rich binding

Binding to a pyrimidine-rich (CU-rich) intronic sequence of a pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA).


positive regulation of 3'-UTR-mediated mRNA stabilization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of 3'-UTR-mediated mRNA stabilization.


ASPX_HUMAN Acrosomal protein SP-10 (sprot)

An acrosomal protein SP-10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


3BHS2_HUMAN 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type 2 (sprot)

A 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Delta 5-->4-isomerase type 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


IVD_HUMAN Isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial (sprot)

An isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylbutanoyl-CoA + H+ + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] = 3-methyl-(2E)-butenoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein].


leucine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.


CNTF_HUMAN Ciliary neurotrophic factor (sprot)

A ciliary neurotrophic factor that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of photoreceptor cell differentiation. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


S10A4_HUMAN Protein S100-A4 (sprot)

A protein S100-A4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MGAT1_HUMAN Alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (sprot)

An alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein 2-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-beta-D-mannosyl-R + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = 3-(2-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]-alpha-D-mannosyl)-beta-D-mannosyl-R + H+ + UDP.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylglucosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


HMGB2_HUMAN High mobility group protein B2 (sprot)

A high mobility group protein B2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


non-sequence-specific DNA binding, bending

The activity of binding selectively and non-covalently to DNA in a sequence-independent manner and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence.


regulation of stem cell proliferation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell proliferation. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.


PTBP1_HUMAN Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (sprot)

A polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


poly-pyrimidine tract binding

Binding to a stretch of pyrimidines (cytosine or uracil) in an RNA molecule.


SYTC_HUMAN Threonine--tRNA ligase 1, cytoplasmic (sprot)

A threonine--tRNA ligase 1, cytoplasmic that is encoded in the genome of human.


SYVC_HUMAN Valine--tRNA ligase (sprot)

A valine--tRNA ligase that is encoded in the genome of human.


valine-tRNA ligase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-valine + ATP + tRNA(Val) = L-valyl-tRNA(Val) + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H+.


EF1G_HUMAN Elongation factor 1-gamma (sprot)

An elongation factor 1-gamma that is encoded in the genome of human.


TTP_HUMAN mRNA decay activator protein ZFP36 (sprot)

An mRNA decay activator protein ZFP36 that is encoded in the genome of human.


C-C chemokine binding

Binding to a C-C chemokine; C-C chemokines do not have an amino acid between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four-cysteine motif.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay

A major pathway of degradation of nuclear-transcribed mRNAs that proceeds through a series of ordered steps that includes poly(A) tail shortening and that can regulate mRNA stability.


regulation of keratinocyte proliferation

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-independent decay

A pathway of degradation of nuclear-transcribed mRNAs that proceeds through a series of steps that is independent of deadenylation, but requires decapping followed by transcript decay, and that can regulate mRNA stability.


positive regulation of deadenylation-independent decapping of nuclear-transcribed mRNA

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of deadenylation-independent decapping of nuclear-transcribed mRNA.


negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation.


regulation of keratinocyte apoptotic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte apoptotic process.


negative regulation of polynucleotide adenylyltransferase activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of polynucleotide adenylyltransferase activity.


positive regulation of intracellular mRNA localization

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intracellular mRNA localization.


positive regulation of miRNA-mediated gene silencing

A process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene silencing by a microRNA (miRNA).


PPLA_HUMAN Cardiac phospholamban (sprot)

A cardiac phospholamban that is encoded in the genome of human.


ATPase inhibitor activity

Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces an ATP hydrolysis activity.


regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell contraction.


adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

The series of molecular signals beginning with a G protein-coupled adrenergic cell surface receptor combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine, to activate adenylate cyclase, which contributes to a circulatory system process carried out by the heart.


regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of relaxation of cardiac muscle.


calcium ion-transporting ATPase complex

Protein complex that carries out the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ca2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Ca2+(in).


NKG2A_HUMAN NKG2-A/NKG2-B type II integral membrane protein (sprot)

An NKG2-A/NKG2-B type II integral membrane protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


inhibitory MHC class Ib receptor activity

Combining with a MHC class Ib protein complex to mediate signaling that inhibits activation of a lymphocyte.


HLA-E specific inhibitory MHC class Ib receptor activity

Combining with a MHC class Ib molecule of the HLA-A subclass to mediate signaling that inhibits activation of a lymphocyte.


CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell differentiation

The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a CD8-positive, gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell. Intraepithelial T cells are found among epithelial cells in mucosal areas and have distinct phenotypes and developmental pathways.


natural killer cell inhibitory signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to a receptor on the surface of a natural killer cell capable of inhibiting an immune effector process contributing to an immune response.


regulation of natural killer cell activation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell activation.


NKG2C_HUMAN NKG2-C type II integral membrane protein (sprot)

An NKG2-C type II integral membrane protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


activating MHC class Ib receptor activity

Combining with a MHC class Ib protein complex to mediate signaling that activates a lymphocyte.


natural killer cell mediated immunity

The promotion of an immune response by natural killer cells through direct recognition of target cells or through the release of cytokines.


NKG2D_HUMAN NKG2-D type II integral membrane protein (sprot)

An NKG2-D type II integral membrane protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


CD27_HUMAN CD27 antigen (sprot)

A CD27 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human.


FKBP2_HUMAN Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP2 (sprot)

A peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HGFL_HUMAN Hepatocyte growth factor-like protein (sprot)

A hepatocyte growth factor-like protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity.


IL3RA_HUMAN Interleukin-3 receptor subunit alpha (sprot)

An interleukin-3 receptor class 2 alpha chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


interleukin-3 receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-3 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


CNTFR_HUMAN Ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor subunit alpha (sprot)

A ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


CNTFR-CLCF1 complex

A protein complex that is composed of two soluble ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor alpha subunits (product of the CNTFR gene) and two molecules of cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (product of the CLCF1 gene). The complex is secreted into the extracellular space.


CRBB3_HUMAN Beta-crystallin B3 (sprot)

A beta-crystallin B3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


AVR2A_HUMAN Activin receptor type-2A (sprot)

An activin receptor type-2A that is encoded in the genome of human.


activin receptor activity

Combining with activin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. Activin is one of two gonadal glycoproteins related to transforming growth factor beta.


positive regulation of activin receptor signaling pathway

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any activin receptor signaling pathway.


STOM_HUMAN Stomatin (sprot)

A stomatin that is encoded in the genome of human.


KAD4_HUMAN Adenylate kinase 4, mitochondrial (sprot)

An adenylate kinase 4, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


nucleoside monophosphate kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside monophosphate = ADP + nucleoside diphosphate.


ribonucleoside diphosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar.


PON1_HUMAN Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 (sprot)

A serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


aryldialkylphosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: aryl dialkyl phosphate + H2O = dialkyl phosphate + an aryl alcohol.


Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + an N-acyl-L-homoserine lactone <=> H+ + an N-acyl-L-homoserine.


carboxylic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (-COOH) groups.


organophosphate catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organophosphates, any phosphate-containing organic compound.


ANX13_HUMAN Annexin A13 (sprot)

An annexin A13 that is encoded in the genome of human.


phosphatidylglycerol binding

Binding to phosphatidylglycerol.


AOFB_HUMAN Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B (sprot)

An amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B that is encoded in the genome of human.


phenylethylamine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylethylamine, an amine with pharmacological properties similar to those of amphetamine, occurs naturally as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and is present in chocolate and oil of bitter almonds.


1433T_HUMAN 14-3-3 protein theta (sprot)

A 14-3-3 protein theta that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


IF_HUMAN Cobalamin binding intrinsic factor (sprot)

A cobalamin binding intrinsic factor that is encoded in the genome of human.


MK03_HUMAN Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (sprot)

A mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of cellular pH

Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of hydrogen ions (protons) within a cell or between a cell and its external environment.


positive regulation of cyclase activity

Any process that activates or increases the activity of a cyclase.


cardiac neural crest cell development involved in heart development

The process aimed at the progression of a cardiac neural crest cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell that contributes to the development of the heart.


caveolin-mediated endocytosis

An endocytosis process that begins when material is taken up into plasma membrane caveolae, which then pinch off to form endocytic caveolar carriers.


regulation of Golgi inheritance

Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of Golgi inheritance. Golgi inheritance is the partitioning of Golgi apparatus between daughter cells at cell division.


MARK3_HUMAN MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 3 (sprot)

A MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


VATL_HUMAN V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit c (sprot)

A V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit c that is encoded in the genome of human.


G0S2_HUMAN G0/G1 switch protein 2 (sprot)

A G0/G1 switch protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CALL3_HUMAN Calmodulin-like protein 3 (sprot)

A calmodulin-like protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DPP4_HUMAN Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (sprot)

A dipeptidyl peptidase 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


dipeptidyl-peptidase activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain.


glucagon processing

The formation of mature glucagon by proteolysis of the precursor proglucagon.


GDF1_HUMAN Embryonic growth/differentiation factor 1 (sprot)

An embryonic growth/differentiation factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ARNT_HUMAN Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (sprot)

An aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator that is encoded in the genome of human.


nuclear aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex

An aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) complex found in the nucleus; ; consists of ligand-bound AhR and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT).


CERS1_HUMAN Ceramide synthase 1 (sprot)

A ceramide synthase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


sphingosine N-acyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + sphingosine = CoA + N-acylsphingosine.


cellular response to mycotoxin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mycotoxin stimulus. A mycotoxin is a toxic chemical substance produced by fungi.


cellular response to dithiothreitol

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dithiothreitol stimulus.


RL10_HUMAN Large ribosomal subunit protein uL16 (sprot)

A 60S ribosomal protein L10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CO8A1_HUMAN Collagen alpha-1(VIII) chain (sprot)

A collagen alpha-1(VIII) chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


collagen type VIII trimer

A collagen heterotrimer containing type VIII alpha chains; [alpha1(VIII)2]alpha2(VIII) and alpha1(VIII)[alpha2(VIII)]2 trimers have been observed; type VIII collagen triple helices associate to form regular hexagonal nets.


RFA1_HUMAN Replication protein A 70 kDa DNA-binding subunit (sprot)

A replication protein A 70 kDa DNA-binding subunit that is encoded in the genome of human.


APEX1_HUMAN DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease (sprot)

A DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease that is encoded in the genome of human.


3'-5'-DNA exonuclease activity

Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 3' terminus of a DNA molecule.


double-stranded DNA exodeoxyribonuclease activity

Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 5' or 3' terminus of a double-stranded DNA molecule.


site-specific endodeoxyribonuclease activity, specific for altered base

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages at specific sites within a deoxyribonucleic acid molecule by creating internal breaks.


class II DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity

Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages immediately 5' to an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP; also called abasic) site within a deoxyribonucleic acid molecule by creating internal breaks, generating a single-strand break with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends.


phosphodiesterase activity, acting on 3'-phosphoglycolate-terminated DNA strands

Catalysis of the hydrolytic removal of phosphoglycolate from the 3'-terminus of a 3'-phosphoglycolate-terminated DNA strand.


DNA-(abasic site) binding

Binding to a DNA site that has neither a purine nor a pyrimidine base. Apurinic sites can form spontaneously or when DNA glycosylase removes a damaged base.


telomere maintenance via base-excision repair

A telomere maintenance process that occurs by base-excision repair of telomeric DNA in response to DNA damage. Telomeric sequences are particularly susceptible to oxidative DNA damage, due to their G-rich nature.


CD82_HUMAN CD82 antigen (sprot)

A CD82 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human.


DCK_HUMAN Deoxycytidine kinase (sprot)

A deoxycytidine kinase that is encoded in the genome of human.


deoxyadenosine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyadenosine + ATP = ADP + dAMP + 2 H+.


deoxyguanosine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-deoxyguanosine + ATP = ADP + dGMP + 2 H+.


cytidine kinase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + cytidine = ADP + CMP.


CMP biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CMP, cytidine monophosphate.


dAMP salvage

Any process which produces a dAMP from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside phosphate.


PYR1_HUMAN CAD protein (sprot)

A CAD protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


aspartate carbamoyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate + carbamoyl phosphate = N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate + H+ + phosphate.


carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (ammonia) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 ATP + hydrogencarbonate + NH4+ = 2 ADP + carbamoyl phosphate + 2 H+ + phosphate.


carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 2 ATP + L-glutamine + CO2 + H2O = 2 ADP + phosphate + glutamate + carbamoyl phosphate.


dihydroorotase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-dihydroorotate + H2O = N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate + H+.


aspartate binding

Binding to aspartate, the alpha-amino-acid anion of 2-aminobutanedioic acid that has formula C4H5NO4.


CALR_HUMAN Calreticulin (sprot)

A calreticulin that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway.


PDE4A_HUMAN cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A (sprot)

A cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.


MAP4_HUMAN Microtubule-associated protein 4 (sprot)

A microtubule-associated protein 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


microtubule sliding

The movement of one microtubule along another microtubule.


establishment of spindle orientation

Any process that set the alignment of spindle relative to other cellular structures.


microtubule stabilizing activity

A protein-containing complex stabilizing activity that prevents dissociation of microtubules.


CALX_HUMAN Calnexin (sprot)

A calnexin that is encoded in the genome of human.


PROP_HUMAN Properdin (sprot)

A properdin that is encoded in the genome of human.


cytoplasmic side of Golgi membrane

The side (leaflet) of the Golgi membrane that faces the cytoplasm.


IL1R2_HUMAN Interleukin-1 receptor type 2 (sprot)

An interleukin-1 receptor type 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


interleukin-1, type II, blocking receptor activity

Combining with interleukin-1 to initiate a change in cell activity by inhibiting the activity of type I interleukin receptors.


negative regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 alpha production.


P85A_HUMAN Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha (sprot)

A phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulator activity

Modulates the activity of a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Regulatory subunits can link a PI3K catalytic subunit to upstream signaling events and help position the catalytic subunits close to their lipid substrates.


perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum membrane

The membrane of the perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum, which is the portion of endoplasmic reticulum, the intracellular network of tubules and cisternae, that occurs near the nucleus.


IP3KB_HUMAN Inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase B (sprot)

An inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase B that is encoded in the genome of human.


inositol trisphosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving myo-inositol phosphate, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, with three phosphate groups attached.


negative regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil apoptotic process.


AOAH_HUMAN Acyloxyacyl hydrolase (sprot)

An acyloxyacyl hydrolase that is encoded in the genome of human.


acyloxyacyl hydrolase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(acyloxy)acyl group of bacterial toxin = 3-hydroxyacyl group of bacterial toxin + a fatty acid.


lipopolysaccharide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipopolysaccharides, any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.


PSB8_HUMAN Proteasome subunit beta type-8 (sprot)

A proteasome subunit beta type-8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


spermatoproteasome complex

A proteasome specifically found in mammalian testis. Contains the proteasome activator PA200 in the regulatory particle, and beta1i, beta2i, beta5i and/or alpha4s in the core (20S) subunit. Beta1i, beta2i and beta5i are inducible catalytic subunits, closely related to beta1, beta2 and beta5. Alpha4s is a sperm-specific 20S subunit, but unlike other alternative 20S subunits alpha4s lies in the outer alpha-ring and lacks catalytic activity.


PSB9_HUMAN Proteasome subunit beta type-9 (sprot)

A proteasome subunit beta type-9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity.


PSA5_HUMAN Proteasome subunit alpha type-5 (sprot)

A proteasome subunit alpha type-5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DMA_HUMAN HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain (sprot)

An MHC class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


DMB_HUMAN HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain (sprot)

An MHC class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


MHC class II protein complex assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MHC class II protein complex.


PIT1_HUMAN Pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 (sprot)

A pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PSB4_HUMAN Proteasome subunit beta type-4 (sprot)

A proteasome subunit beta type-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PSB6_HUMAN Proteasome subunit beta type-6 (sprot)

A proteasome subunit beta type-6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PSB5_HUMAN Proteasome subunit beta type-5 (sprot)

A proteasome subunit beta type-5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GSTM2_HUMAN Glutathione S-transferase Mu 2 (sprot)

A glutathione S-transferase mu 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


5HT1D_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D (sprot)

A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D that is encoded in the genome of human.


5HT1B_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (sprot)

A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B that is encoded in the genome of human.


serotonin binding

Binding to serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties.


negative regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid.


negative regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of GABAergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).


serotonergic synapse

A synapse that uses serotonin as a neurotransmitter.


G protein-coupled serotonin receptor complex

A protein complex that is capable of G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity.


5HT2A_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A (sprot)

A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A that is encoded in the genome of human.


Gq/11-coupled serotonin receptor activity

Combining with serotonin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activation of the Gq/11 subunit of an associated cytoplasmic heterotrimeric G protein complex. The Gq/11 subunit subsequently activates phospholipase C and results in an increase in inositol triphosphate (IP3) levels.


Binding to the amine 1-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-amine, a serotonin receptor agonist that can act as a psychedelic drug.


phospholipase C-activating serotonin receptor signaling pathway

A phospholipase C-activating receptor G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by serotonin binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylinositol.


positive regulation of heat generation

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of heat generation.


protein localization to cytoskeleton

A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the cytoskeleton.


ABCD3_HUMAN ATP-binding cassette sub-family D member 3 (sprot)

An ATP-binding cassette sub-family D member 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


long-chain fatty acid import into peroxisome

The directed movement of a long-chain fatty acid into a peroxisome. A long-chain fatty acid is a fatty acid with an aliphatic tail of 13 to 21 carbons.


phytanic acid metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytanic acid.


TMOD1_HUMAN Tropomodulin-1 (sprot)

A tropomodulin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


pointed-end actin filament capping

The binding of a protein or protein complex to the pointed (or minus) end of an actin filament, thus preventing the addition, exchange or removal of further actin subunits.


striated muscle thin filament

Filaments formed of actin and associated proteins; attached to Z discs at either end of sarcomeres in myofibrils.


ITPI2_HUMAN Protein ITPRID2 (sprot)

A protein ITPRID2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


LYOX_HUMAN Protein-lysine 6-oxidase (sprot)

A protein-lysine 6-oxidase that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein-lysine 6-oxidase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-L-lysyl-peptide + H2O + O2 = peptidyl-allysyl-peptide + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide.


peptidyl-lysine oxidation

The oxidation of the terminal amino-methylene groups of peptidyl-L-lysine or peptidyl-5-hydroxy-L-lysine to aldehyde groups to form allysine or hydroxyallysine residues, respectively; these are intermediates in the formation of covalent cross-links between adjacent polypeptide chains in proteins such as collagens.


ascending aorta development

The progression of the ascending aorta over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The ascending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system that lies between the heart and the arch of aorta. In a two-pass circulatory system blood passes twice through the heart to supply the body once.


descending aorta development

The progression of the descending aorta over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The descending aorta is the portion of the aorta in a two-pass circulatory system from the arch of aorta to the point where it divides into the common iliac arteries. In a two-pass circulatory system blood passes twice through the heart to supply the body once.


regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway.


ELK4_HUMAN ETS domain-containing protein Elk-4 (sprot)

An ETS domain-containing protein Elk-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CYTD_HUMAN Cystatin-D (sprot)

A cystatin-D that is encoded in the genome of human.


PEX2_HUMAN Peroxisome biogenesis factor 2 (sprot)

A peroxisome assembly factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


pexophagy

The selective autophagy process in which a peroxisome is degraded by macroautophagy.


response to amino acid starvation

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of amino acids.


Cdc73/Paf1 complex

A multiprotein complex that associates with RNA polymerase II and general RNA polymerase II transcription factor complexes and may be involved in both transcriptional initiation and elongation. In Saccharomyces the complex contains Paf1p, Cdc73p, Ctr9p, Rtf1p, and Leo1p.


CLAT_HUMAN Choline O-acetyltransferase (sprot)

A choline O-acetyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


choline O-acetyltransferase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + choline = acetylcholine + CoA.


ACADL_HUMAN Long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial (sprot)

A long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: a long-chain 2,3-saturated fatty acyl-CoA + H+ + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] = a long-chain (2E)-enoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein].


carnitine catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carnitine (hydroxy-trimethyl aminobutyric acid), a compound that participates in the transfer of acyl groups across the inner mitochondrial membrane.


cellular lipid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, as carried out by individual cells.


negative regulation of fatty acid oxidation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid oxidation.


NDUS1_HUMAN NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial (sprot)

An NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase 75 kDa subunit, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


ADH6_HUMAN Alcohol dehydrogenase 6 (sprot)

An alcohol dehydrogenase 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


5HT2C_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C (sprot)

A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion.


NMBR_HUMAN Neuromedin-B receptor (sprot)

A neuromedin-B receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


bombesin receptor activity

Combining with bombesin to initiate a change in cell activity.


bombesin receptor signaling pathway

A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a bombesin binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


DPOD1_HUMAN DNA polymerase delta catalytic subunit (sprot)

A DNA polymerase delta catalytic subunit that is encoded in the genome of human.


error-free translesion synthesis

The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication by using a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex to insert a defined nucleotide across the lesion. This process does not remove the replication-blocking lesions but does not causes an increase in the endogenous mutation level. For S. cerevisiae, RAD30 encodes DNA polymerase eta, which incorporates two adenines. When incorporated across a thymine-thymine dimer, it does not increase the endogenous mutation level.


delta DNA polymerase complex

A multimeric DNA polymerase enzyme complex which differs in composition amongst species; in humans it is a heterotetramer of four subunits of approximately 125, 50, 68 and 12kDa, while in S. cerevisiae, it has three different subunits which form a heterotrimer, and the active enzyme is a dimer of this heterotrimer. Functions in DNA replication, mismatch repair and excision repair.


TEAD1_HUMAN Transcriptional enhancer factor TEF-1 (sprot)

A transcriptional enhancer factor TEF-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TEAD-YAP complex

A transcription factor complex that is composed of the one DNA binding protein of the TEAD family and the transcriptional coactivator YAP.


HXD9_HUMAN Homeobox protein Hox-D9 (sprot)

A homeobox protein Hox-D9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


hindlimb morphogenesis

The process in which the anatomical structures of the hindlimb are generated and organized.


HXD10_HUMAN Homeobox protein Hox-D10 (sprot)

A homeobox protein Hox-D10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


spinal cord motor neuron cell fate specification

The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a motor neuron in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway.


MSX1_HUMAN Homeobox protein MSX-1 (sprot)

A homeobox protein MSX-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of odontogenesis

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of a tooth or teeth.


negative regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle cell differentiation.


cell surface receptor signaling pathway involved in heart development

The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand the binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, which contributes to the progression of the heart over time.


negative regulation of odontoblast differentiation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of odontoblast differentiation.


positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process.


SMCA1_HUMAN Probable global transcription activator SNF2L1 (sprot)

A probable global transcription activator SNF2L1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CERF complex

An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (specifically SNF2L in mammals, which contain two ISWI homologs) and a CECR2 homolog. In mammals, CERF is involved in regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoters.


GBRB3_HUMAN Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 (sprot)

A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GBRR2_HUMAN Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 (sprot)

A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MK01_HUMAN Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (sprot)

A mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cytosine metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving cytosine, 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine, a pyrimidine derivative that is one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids; it occurs widely in cytidine derivatives.


ERBB signaling pathway

The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to a member of the ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


DUS1_HUMAN Dual specificity protein phosphatase 1 (sprot)

A dual specificity protein phosphatase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


peptidyl-serine dephosphorylation

The removal of phosphoric residues from peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine to form peptidyl-serine.


5HT1E_HUMAN 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1E (sprot)

A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1E that is encoded in the genome of human.


GRAN_HUMAN Grancalcin (sprot)

A grancalcin that is encoded in the genome of human.


MZF1_HUMAN Myeloid zinc finger 1 (sprot)

A myeloid zinc finger 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RXRB_HUMAN Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta (sprot)

A retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


ERCC5_HUMAN DNA excision repair protein ERCC-5 (sprot)

A DNA excision repair protein ERCC-5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


base-excision repair, AP site formation

The formation of an AP site, a deoxyribose sugar with a missing base, by DNA glycosylase which recognizes an altered base in DNA and catalyzes its hydrolytic removal. This sugar phosphate is the substrate recognized by the AP endonuclease, which cuts the DNA phosphodiester backbone at the 5' side of the altered site to leave a gap which is subsequently repaired.


RBL1_HUMAN Retinoblastoma-like protein 1 (sprot)

A retinoblastoma-like protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GRN_HUMAN Progranulin (sprot)

A progranulin that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of neutrophil activation

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil activation.


positive regulation of protein folding

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein folding.


positive regulation of aspartic-type peptidase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aspartic-type peptidase activity.


PTPRM_HUMAN Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase mu (sprot)

A receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase mu that is encoded in the genome of human.


AMPL_HUMAN Cytosol aminopeptidase (sprot)

A cytosol aminopeptidase that is encoded in the genome of human.


DHI1_HUMAN 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (sprot)

An 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


7-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + a 7-beta-hydroxysteroid = NADPH + H+ + a 7-oxosteroid.


11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

Catalysis of the reaction: an 11-beta-hydroxysteroid + NADP+ = an 11-oxosteroid + NADPH + H+.


cortisol dehydrogenase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: cortisol + NADP <=> cortisone + NADPH + H+.


CD34_HUMAN Hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen CD34 (sprot)

A CD34 molecule that is encoded in the genome of human.


transdifferentiation

The conversion of a differentiated cell of one fate into a differentiated cell of another fate without first undergoing cell division or reversion to a more primitive or stem cell-like fate.


positive regulation of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor production

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.


extracellular exosome assembly

The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an extracellular vesicular exosome, a membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Exosomes are defined by their size, which generally ranges from 30 nm to 100 nm.


metanephric glomerular mesangial cell differentiation

The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the glomerular mesangial cells of the metanephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


glomerular endothelium fenestra

A large plasma membrane-lined circular pore that perforates the flattened glomerular endothelium and, unlike those of other fenestrated capillaries, is not spanned by diaphragms; the density and size of glomerular fenestrae account, at least in part, for the high permeability of the glomerular capillary wall to water and small solutes.


CD38_HUMAN ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1 (sprot)

An ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TNR8_HUMAN Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8 (sprot)

A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CD1B_HUMAN T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1b (sprot)

A T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1b that is encoded in the genome of human.


CD1C_HUMAN T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1c (sprot)

A T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1c that is encoded in the genome of human.


endogenous lipid antigen binding

Binding to an endogenous cellular lipid antigen.


glycolipid binding

Binding to a glycolipid, any compound containing one or more monosaccharide residues bound by a glycosidic linkage to a hydrophobic group such as an acylglycerol, a sphingoid, a ceramide (N-acylsphingoid) or a prenyl phosphate.


CXB2_HUMAN Gap junction beta-2 protein (sprot)

A gap junction beta-2 protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


response to human chorionic gonadotropin

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a human chorionic gonadotropin stimulus.


S10A2_HUMAN Protein S100-A2 (sprot)

A protein S100-A2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PTN4_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 4 (sprot)

A tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


T2EA_HUMAN General transcription factor IIE subunit 1 (sprot)

A general transcription factor IIE subunit 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


T2EB_HUMAN Transcription initiation factor IIE subunit beta (sprot)

A transcription initiation factor IIE subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


NEC1_HUMAN Neuroendocrine convertase 1 (sprot)

A neuroendocrine convertase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


response to chlorate

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chlorate stimulus.


PCSK6_HUMAN Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 (sprot)

A proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


zygotic determination of anterior/posterior axis, embryo

The specification of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo by products of genes expressed in the zygote; exemplified in insects by the gap genes, pair rule genes and segment polarity gene cascade.


TPP2_HUMAN Tripeptidyl-peptidase 2 (sprot)

A tripeptidyl-peptidase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


intracellular amino acid homeostasis

A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of amino acids within a cell.


IMPA1_HUMAN Inositol monophosphatase 1 (sprot)

An inositol monophosphatase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


inositol monophosphate phosphatase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol phosphate + H2O = myo-inositol + phosphate.


AA2AR_HUMAN Adenosine receptor A2a (sprot)

An adenosine receptor A2a that is encoded in the genome of human.


G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activity

Combining with adenosine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep

Any process that activates or increases the duration or quality of sleep, a readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity that occurs periodically in many animals.


negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell activation.


AA2BR_HUMAN Adenosine receptor A2b (sprot)

An adenosine receptor A2b that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of chronic inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response to a non-antigenic stimulus.


CCN2_HUMAN CCN family member 2 (sprot)

A CCN family member 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


EPHA2_HUMAN Ephrin type-A receptor 2 (sprot)

An ephrin type-A receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


notochord cell development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a notochord cell over time, from its formation to its mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate.


negative regulation of lymphangiogenesis

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lymphangiogenesis.


EPHA3_HUMAN Ephrin type-A receptor 3 (sprot)

An ephrin type-A receptor 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


fasciculation of sensory neuron axon

The collection of sensory neuron axons into a bundle of rods, known as a fascicle.


fasciculation of motor neuron axon

The collection of motor neuron axons into a bundle of rods, known as a fascicle.


EPHA8_HUMAN Ephrin type-A receptor 8 (sprot)

An ephrin type-A receptor 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


EPHB2_HUMAN Ephrin type-B receptor 2 (sprot)

An ephrin type-B receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


hindbrain tangential cell migration

The migration of a cell in the hindbrain in which cells move orthogonal to the direction of radial migration.


positive regulation of synaptic plasticity

A process that increases synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers.


regulation of body fluid levels

Any process that modulates the levels of body fluids.


trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic complex, modulating synaptic transmission

Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, mediated by transynaptic protein complexes, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse.


neuron projection retraction

The organization process which results in the disassembly (either partial or complete) of constituent parts of a neuron projection. A neuron projection is a prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.


A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in extracellular vesicles between cells; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the extracellular vesicle membrane.


negative regulation of NMDA glutamate receptor activity

Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of NMDA glutamate receptor activity.


regulation of T-helper 17 type immune response

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 type immune response.


PTN6_HUMAN Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6 (sprot)

A tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response mediated by circulating immunoglobulin.


regulation of B cell differentiation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation.


SHC1_HUMAN SHC-transforming protein 1 (sprot)

An shc-transforming protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


NK3R_HUMAN Neuromedin-K receptor (sprot)

A neuromedin-K receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


3MG_HUMAN DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase (sprot)

A DNA-3-methyladenine glycosylase that is encoded in the genome of human.


Catalysis of the reaction: DNA containing 3-methyladenine + H2O = DNA with abasic site + 3-methyladenine. This reaction is the hydrolysis of DNA by cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the damaged DNA 3-methyladenine and the deoxyribose sugar to remove the 3-methyladenine, leaving an abasic site.


Catalysis of the reaction: DNA containing 7-methylguanine + H2O = DNA with abasic site + 7-methylguanine. This reaction is the hydrolysis of DNA by cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the damaged DNA 7-methylguanine and the deoxyribose sugar to remove the 7-methylguanine, leaving an abasic site.


Catalysis of the reaction: DNA containing 7-methyladenine + H2O = DNA with abasic site + 7-methyladenine. This reaction is the hydrolysis of DNA by cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the damaged DNA 7-methyladenine and the deoxyribose sugar to remove the 7-methyladenine, leaving an abasic site.


Catalysis of the reaction: DNA containing 3-methylguanine + H2O = DNA with abasic site + 3-methylguanine. This reaction is the hydrolysis of DNA by cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the damaged DNA 3-methylguanine and the deoxyribose sugar to remove the 3-methylguanine, leaving an abasic site.


RABP2_HUMAN Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 (sprot)

A cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ARI4A_HUMAN AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 4A (sprot)

An AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 4A that is encoded in the genome of human.


KDM5A_HUMAN Lysine-specific demethylase 5A (sprot)

A lysine-specific demethylase 5A that is encoded in the genome of human.


histone H3K4me/H3K4me2/H3K4me3 demethylase activity

Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from a tri, a di or a monomethyl-lysine residue at position 4 of the histone H3 protein. This is a dioxygenase reaction that is dependent on Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate.


facultative heterochromatin formation

The compaction of chromatin into a conformation that is refactory to transcription but that be converted to euchromatin and allow transcription in specific contexts. These can be temporal (e.g., developmental states or specific cell-cycle stages), spatial (e.g., nuclear localization changes from the center to the periphery or vice versa due to exogenous factors/signals), or parental/heritable (e.g., monoallelic gene expression).


LTK_HUMAN Leukocyte tyrosine kinase receptor (sprot)

A leukocyte tyrosine kinase receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


S100G_HUMAN Protein S100-G (sprot)

A protein S100-G that is encoded in the genome of human.


CO4A5_HUMAN Collagen alpha-5(IV) chain (sprot)

A collagen alpha-5(IV) chain that is encoded in the genome of human.


TKT_HUMAN Transketolase (sprot)

A transketolase that is encoded in the genome of human.


transketolase activity

Catalysis of the reversible transfer of a 2-carbon ketol group (CH2OH-CO-) from a ketose phosphate donor to an aldose phosphate acceptor.


pentose-phosphate shunt, non-oxidative branch

The branch of the pentose-phosphate shunt which does not involve oxidation reactions. It comprises a series of sugar phosphate interconversions, starting with ribulose 5-P and producing fructose 6-P and glyceraldehyde 3-P.


The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.


xylulose 5-phosphate biosynthetic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xylulose 5-phosphate.


IL12A_HUMAN Interleukin-12 subunit alpha (sprot)

An interleukin-12 subunit alpha that is encoded in the genome of human.


interleukin-12 beta subunit binding

Binding to the beta subunit of interleukin-12.


interleukin-27 binding

Binding to interleukin-27.


positive regulation of NK T cell activation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell activation.


late endosome lumen

The volume enclosed by the membrane of a late endosome.


interleukin-12 complex

A protein complex that is composed of an interleukin-12 alpha (p35, product of the IL12A gene) and an interleukin-12 beta subunit (p40, product of the IL12B gene) and is secreted into the extracellular space.


IL12B_HUMAN Interleukin-12 subunit beta (sprot)

An interleukin-12 subunit beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


interleukin-23 receptor binding

Binding to an interleukin-23 receptor.


interleukin-12 alpha subunit binding

Binding to the alpha subunit of interleukin-12.


natural killer cell activation involved in immune response

The change in morphology and behavior of a natural killer cell resulting from exposure a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


positive regulation of tissue remodeling

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tissue remodeling.


T-helper cell differentiation

The process in which a relatively unspecialized thymocyte acquires specialized features of a T-helper cell.


regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the introduction of a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein.


interleukin-23 complex

A protein complex that is composed of an interleukin-23 alpha (p19, product of the IL23A gene) and an interleukin-12 beta (p40, product of the IL12B gene) subunit and is secreted into the extracellular space.


CASP1_HUMAN Caspase-1 (sprot)

A caspase-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


signaling receptor ligand precursor processing

The cleavage of a peptide bond in a precursor form of a signaling receptor ligand, resulting in the mature (active) form of the ligand.


NLRP1 inflammasome complex

An inflammasome complex that consists of two components, NLRP1 (NALP1) and caspase-1 or caspase-5. The exact mechanisms of NLRP1 activation remain obscure, but potassium ion efflux appears to be essential.


IPAF inflammasome complex

An inflammasome complex that consists of three components, IPAF, NAIP and caspase-1, and includes among its functions the sensing of flagellin derived from Legionella pneumophila, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Shigella flexneri.


protease inhibitor complex

A heterodimeric protein complex that contains a protease inhibitor and a protease; formation of the complex inhibits protease activity.


NOS3_HUMAN Nitric oxide synthase 3 (sprot)

A nitric oxide synthase, endothelial that is encoded in the genome of human.


nitric-oxide synthase activity

Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+.


FMN binding

Binding to flavin mono nucleotide. Flavin mono nucleotide (FMN) is the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes.


regulation of the force of heart contraction by chemical signal

The regulation of the force of heart muscle contraction mediated by chemical signaling, hormonal, autocrine or paracrine.


negative regulation of muscle hyperplasia

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of muscle hyperplasia.


positive regulation of guanylate cyclase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of guanylate cyclase activity.


NOS1_HUMAN Nitric oxide synthase 1 (sprot)

A nitric oxide synthase, brain that is encoded in the genome of human.


negative regulation of serotonin uptake

Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of serotonin into a cell.


positive regulation of sodium ion transmembrane transport

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sodium ion transmembrane transport.


SPB3_HUMAN Serpin B3 (sprot)

A serpin B3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of endopeptidase activity

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.


LMOD1_HUMAN Leiomodin-1 (sprot)

A leiomodin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


actin nucleation

The initial step in the formation of an actin filament, in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament. Nucleation is slow relative to the subsequent addition of more monomers to extend the filament.


RBMS1_HUMAN RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein 1 (sprot)

An RNA-binding motif, single-stranded-interacting protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


PML_HUMAN Protein PML (sprot)

A transcription factor PML that is encoded in the genome of human.


sumo-dependent protein binding

Binding to a protein upon sumoylation of the target protein.


regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol

Any process that modulates the rate of the directed movement of calcium ions into the cytosol of a cell. The cytosol is that part of the cytoplasm that does not contain membranous or particulate subcellular components.


positive regulation of peptidyl-lysine acetylation

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-lysine acetylation.


TYK2_HUMAN Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 (sprot)

A non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


KAIN_HUMAN Kallistatin (sprot)

A kallistatin that is encoded in the genome of human.


EF1D_HUMAN Elongation factor 1-delta (sprot)

An elongation factor 1-delta that is encoded in the genome of human.


OAS2_HUMAN 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 2 (sprot)

A 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of lactation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lactation.


RABP1_HUMAN Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1 (sprot)

A cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ODPAT_HUMAN Pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, testis-specific form, mitochondrial (sprot)

A pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha, testis-specific form, mitochondrial that is encoded in the genome of human.


CD40L_HUMAN CD40 ligand (sprot)

A tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CD40 receptor binding

Binding to CD40, a receptor found on the surface of all B-lymphocytes.


MARCS_HUMAN Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (sprot)

A myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate that is encoded in the genome of human.


AQP1_HUMAN Aquaporin-1 (sprot)

An aquaporin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


intracellular cGMP-activated cation channel activity

Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when intracellular cGMP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of potassium ions (K+) from one side of a membrane to the other.


glycerol transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of glycerol from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycerol is 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids.


nitric oxide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide, from one side of a membrane to the other.


carbon dioxide transmembrane transporter activity

Enables the transfer of carbon dioxide (CO2) from one side of a membrane to the other.


renal water transport

The directed movement of water (H2O) by the renal system.


cerebrospinal fluid secretion

The regulated release of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the choroid plexus of the lateral, third and fourth ventricles. The cerebrospinal fluid is a clear liquid that located within the ventricles, spinal canal, and subarachnoid spaces.


carbon dioxide transmembrane transport

The process in which carbon dioxide (CO2) is transported across a membrane.


lipid digestion

The whole of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by living organisms to break down ingested lipids into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.


positive regulation of saliva secretion

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of saliva.


corticotropin secretion

The regulated release of corticotropin by a cell. Corticotropin hormone is a polypeptide hormone synthesized and secreted from corticotropes in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland in response to corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) released by the hypothalamus.