BETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE

The hydrochloride salt of betaxolol.


LORCASERIN HYDROCHLORIDE

A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of lorcaserin with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Used as an anti-obesity drug.


pyronin B

An organic chloride salt having 6-(diethylamino)-N,N-diethyl-3H-xanthen-3-iminium as the cation. Depending on the mode of manufacture, pyronin B also exists in the form of an FeCl3 complex.


lead(II) chloride

An inorganic chloride consisting of two chlorine atoms covalently bound to a central lead atom.


OXYCODONE HYDROCHLORIDE

A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of oxycodone with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid.  It is a moderately potent opioid analgesic, generally used for relief of moderate to severe pain.


SPECTINOMYCIN HYDROCHLORIDE

A hydrate that is the pentahydrate form of spectinomycin hydrochloride. An antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used to treat gonorrhea.


triethanolamine hydrochloride

A hydrochloride obtained by combining triethanolamine with one equivalent of hydrogen chloride.


SKF-96365 hydrochloride

The hydrochloride salt of SKF-96365. It is a TRP channel blocker.


manganese chloride

A hydrate that is the tetrahydrate form of manganese(II) chloride.


(R)-donepezil hydrochloride

A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of (R)-donepezil and hydrogen chloride.


TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE

A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of tamulosin and hydrogen chloride.


methylamine hydrochloride

The hydrochloride formed from methylamine.


teicoplanin A2-1

A teicoplanin A2 that has (4Z)-dec-4-enoyl as the variable N-acyl group.


DOXAPRAM HYDROCHLORIDE

The hydrochloride salt of doxapram. A central and respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action, both doxapram hydrochloride and its hydrate are used as a temporary treatment of acute respiratory failure, particularly when superimposed on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and of postoperative respiratory depression. It has also been used for treatment of postoperative shivering.


Z-L-Lys-SBzl hydrochloride

The hydrochloride salt of thiobenzyl benzyloxycarbonyl-L-lysinate. It is a substrate for a sensitive colorimetric assay for trypsin-like enzymes.


A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of N-(4-aminobutyl)-5-chloronaphthalene-2-sulfonamide and hydrogen chloride.


BUSPIRONE HYDROCHLORIDE

A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of buspirone and hydrogen chloride.


HYDRALAZINE HYDROCHLORIDE

The hydrochloride salt of hydralazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.


An ethylenediamine dihydrochloride compound having an N-(1-naphthyl) substituent.


BEVANTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE

The hydrochloride salt of bevantolol.


hydrochloride

A salt formally resulting from the reaction of hydrochloric acid with an organic base.


(S)-verapamil hydrochloride

A hydrochloride salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of (S)-verapamil and hydrogen chloride.


A hydrochloride salt that is obtained by reaction of 4-fluoro-N-{2-[4-(7-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}benzamide with one equivalent of hydrogen chloride. Highly potent selective 5-HT1A receptor full agonist (pKi values are 9.0, 6.6, 7.5, 6.6 and < 6.0 for 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1C, 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptors respectively). Possibly binds between the agonist binding site and the G protein interaction switch site, affecting the activation mechanism, and may display positive cooperativity. Anxiolytic following central administration in vivo.


chlorprothixene hydrochloride

The hydrochloride salt of chlorprothixene.


methylene green

An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)-4-nitrophenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion.  It stains nuclei green and is sometimes used as a counterstain to red or purple primary stains.


DEQUALINIUM CHLORIDE

An organic chloride salt that is the dichloride salt of dequalinium.


MECHLORETHAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE

The hydrochloride salt of mechlorethamine.


Bismark brown Y

A hydrochloride that is the dihydrochloride of 4,4'-[1,3-phenylenebis(diazene-2,1-diyl)]di(benzene-1,3-diamine). Bismarck brown Y is a metachromatic dye which stains acid mucins yellow. It is also a constituent of Papanicolaou's EA solutions, used for cervical, and other smears.


IVABRADINE HYDROCHLORIDE

A hydrochloride obtained by combining ivabradine with one molar equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Used to treat patients with angina who have intolerance to beta blockers and/or heart failure.


METRONIDAZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE

A hydrochloride salt resulting from the mixture of equimolar amounts of metronidazole and hydrogen chloride.


MEMANTINE HYDROCHLORIDE

A hydrochloride obtained by reaction of memantine with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. A low to moderate affinity uncompetitive (open-channel); NMDA receptor antagonist which binds preferentially to the NMDA receptor-operated cation channels.


chlorophenol

A halophenol that is any phenol containing one or more covalently bonded chlorine atoms.


radium Ra 223 dichloride

A radium molecular entity with formula (223)RaCl2. Used as as a radiotherapeutic agent for the treatment of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer, symptomatic bone metastases and no known visceral metastatic disease. An alpha-emitter, radium-223 has a half-life of 11.4 days.


CEFEPIME HYDROCHLORIDE

A hydrochloride that is the monohydrate of the dihydrochloride salt of cefepime.


TIAGABINE HYDROCHLORIDE

A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of tiagabine and hydrogen chloride. A GABA reuptake inhibitor, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy.


A macromolecule composed of repeating N,N-dimethyl-N-propylpropan-1-aminium chloride units.


chlorobenzenes

Any organochlorine compound containing a benzene ring which is substituted by one or more chlorines.


caesium chloride

The inorganic chloride salt of caesium; each caesium ion is coordinated by eight chlorine ions.


dihydroxyquinoline

Any hydroxyquinoline in which the number of hydroxy substituents is specified as two.


monosaccharide derivative

A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from a monosaccharide.


psicose derivative

A deoxyketohexose derivative that is formally obtained from a psicose.


A  monosaccharide derivative that is 4'-O-methylrobinetinidol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3'. Isolated from Acacia mearnsii, it  exhibits inhibitory activity against alpha-amylase.


methyl galactoside

A methyl glycoside in which the H of the OH group on C-1 of galactose is replaced by a methyl group.


sialic acid

Any of the N-acylneuraminic acids and their esters and other derivatives of the alcoholic hydroxy groups.


hexose derivative

A monosaccharide derivative that is formally obtained from a hexose.


A multi-functionalised hexoside consisiting of 2-(N-benzyloxycarbonylamino)ethyl-4,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucoside having methyl, benzoyl and azido groups at positions 2, 3 and 4 respectively.


ketoaldonic acid derivative

A monosaccharide derivative that is formally obtained from a ketoaldonic acid.


rhaponticin

A stilbenoid that is rhapontigenin substituted at position 3 by a beta-D-glucosyl group.


pentose derivative

A monosaccharide derivative that is formally obtained from a pentose.


ketohexose derivative

A hexose derivative that is formally obtained from a ketohexose.


corticosteroid hormone

Any of a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex.


mineralocorticoid

Mineralocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that regulate water and electrolyte metabolism.


glucocorticoid

Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that regulate a variety of physiological processes, in particular control of the concentration of glucose in blood.


xanthine

A purine nucleobase found in humans and other organisms.


neomycin C sulfate

The aminoglycoside sulfate salt that is the sulfate salt of neomycin C; a component of neomycin sulfate.


leucine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of leucine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of leucine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing leucine residues.


L-leucine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-leucine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-leucine by a heteroatom.


organoarsonic acid

Any organoarsenic compound that is the As-organyl derivative of arsonic acid.


arsonic acids

Arsonic acid and its As-hydrocarbyl derivatives.


dimethoxyflavone

Any methoxyflavone with two methoxy substituents.


organoiodine heterocyclic compound

A heteroyclic compound having as ring members atoms of carbon and iodine.


iodoxole

A heterocyclic compound containing a five-membered ring in which an iodine atom and an oxygen atom are adjacent.


benziodoxole

A heterocyclic compound containing a benzene ring ortho-fused to a five-membered ring in which an iodine atom and an oxygen atom are adjacent.


nitrile

A compound having the structure RC#N; thus a C-substituted derivative of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N. In systematic nomenclature, the suffix nitrile denotes the triply bound #N atom, not the carbon atom attached to it.


dinitrile

A dinitrile is a compound containing two nitrile groups.


aliphatic nitrile

Any nitrile derived from an aliphatic compound.


(S,R)-labetolol

A 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide that has 1S,2R-configuration.


salicylamide

The simplest member of the class of salicylamides derived from salicylic acid.


(R,S)-labetolol

A 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide that has 1R,2S-configuration.


salicylanilides

The compound salicylanilide and its derivatives.


(S,S)-labetalol

A 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide that has 1S,2S-configuration.


(R)-proglumide

The (R)-enantiomer of the racemic drug proglumide.


indolocarbazole

Compounds based upon an indolo[2,3-a]carbazole skeleton.


3-hydroxy steroid

Any hydroxy steroid carrying a hydroxy group at position 3.


3alpha-hydroxy steroid

A 3-hydroxy steroid in which the 3-hydroxy substituent is in the alpha-position.


phytosterols

Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond.


6alpha,20xi-murideoxycholic acid

The 6alpha,20xi-stereoisomer of murideoxycholic acid.


stigmastane sterol

Any sterol based on a stigmastane skeleton.


sterol

Any 3-hydroxy steroid whose skeleton is closely related to cholestan-3-ol (additional carbon atoms may be present in the side chain).


Any 3beta-hydroxy steroid which is substituted by two methyl groups at position 4.


Any 3beta-hydroxy-steroid that contains a double bond between positions 5 and 6.


A 7alpha,26-dihydroxycholesterol that has R configuration at position 25.


estradiol

A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17.


3beta-hydroxy steroid

A 3-hydroxy steroid in which the 3-hydroxy substituent is in the  beta-position.


A sterol in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has beta- configuration.


An oxysterol that is cholesterol substituted at position 26 by a hydroxy group.


oxysterol

An oxygenated derivative of cholesterol


alpha-glucoside

A glucoside in which the anomeric carbon of the glycosidic bond is in an alpha configuration


An alpha-D-glucoside deoxygenated at C-2 and C-6.


anabolic androgenic steroid

A steroid hormone related to the hormone testosterone. It increases protein synthesis within cells, which results in the buildup of cellular tissue (anabolism), especially in muscles. It also has androgenic and virilizing properties.


tiotropium bromide

An organic bromide salt having (1alpha,2beta,4beta,5alpha,7beta)-7-[(hydroxydi-2-thienylacetyl)oxy]-9,9-dimethyl-3-oxa-9-azoniatricyclo[3.3.1.0(2,4)]nonane as the counterion. Used (in the form of the hydrate) for maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.


macromolecule

A macromolecule is a molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass.


maltodextrin

A dextrin in which the D-glucose units are linked by alpha-(1->4) glycosidic bonds.


polyethylene macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of ethane or substituted ethane units.


A polymer composed of repeating 1-(azidomethyl)-4-ethylbenzene units.


keratan sulfate

A sulfated glycosaminoglycan, a linear polymer that consists of the repeating disaccharide  [3)-beta-Gal-(1->4)-beta-GlcNAc-(1->] and containing sulfo groups located at random positions.


homopolymer macromolecule

A macromolecule derived from one species of (real, implicit or hypothetical) monomer.


cyclodextrin

A macrocycle composed of five or more D-glucopyranose units bonded via (1->4)-linkages.


glycosaminoglycan

Any polysaccharide containing a substantial proportion of aminomonosaccharide residues.


polysaccharide derivative

A carbohydrate derivative that is any derivative of a polysaccharide.


polysaccharide

A biomacromolecule consisting of large numbers of monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically. This term is commonly used only for those containing more than ten monosaccharide residues.


lipopolysaccharide

Liposaccharide natural compounds consisting of a trisaccharide repeating unit (two heptose units and octulosonic acid) with oligosaccharide side chains and 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid units (they are a major constituent of the cell walls of Gram-negative bacteria).


poly(alkylene) macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating alkane or substituted alkane units.


hexa-L-lysine monohydrobromide

A compound comprising six covalently linked L-lysine residues ionically bound to hydrogen bromide.


keratan 6'-sulfate

A keratan sulfate with random sulfation at the 6'-position.


biomacromolecule

A macromolecule formed by a living organism.


homopolysaccharide

Glycans composed of a single type of monosaccharide residue. They are named by replacing the ending '-ose' of the sugar by '-an'.


cyclomaltodextrin

A cyclic oligosaccharide comprising a ring of D-glucose units linked by alpha-(1->4) glycosidic bonds.


dextrin

Glucans produced by the hydrolysis of starch or glycogen. They are mixtures of polymers of D-glucose units linked by alpha(1->4) or alpha(1->6) glycosidic bonds.


vinyl polymer macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating -CHR-CH2- units.


mucopolysaccharide

Any of the group of polysaccharides composed of alternating units from uronic acids and glycosamines, and commonly partially esterified with sulfuric acid.


glucan

A polysaccharide composed of glucose residues.


Benzothiazole substituted with a hydroxy group at the 2-position.


A member of the class of quinolones that is the amide obtained from formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-allyl-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazole.


O-acyl carbohydrate

A carbohydrate derivative in which the hydrogen atom of at least one alcoholic hydroxy group of a carbohydrate has been replaced by an acyl substituent.


imidazopyridazine

An organic heterobicyclic compound that consists of an imidazole ring ortho-fused to a pyridazine ring.


A primary fatty amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 13-docosenoic acid with ammonia. The double bond configuration is unspecified.


aluminium sulfate hexadecahydrate

A hydrate resulting from the the formal combination of anhydrous aluminium sulfate with approximately 16 mol eq. of water. It is one of the commonest hydrates of aluminium sulfate.


methylquinoline

Any member of the class of quinolines carrying at least one methyl substituent.


aliphatic nitrogen antifungal agent

Organonitrogen compounds containing an aliphatic nitrogen that have significant antifungal properties.


hydrate

An addition compound that contains water in weak chemical combination with another compound.


manganese(II) sulfate pentahydrate

A hydrate that is the pentahydrate form of manganese(II) sulfate.


manganese sulfate

A hydrate that is the monohydrate form of manganese(II) sulfate.


DEXTROMETHORPHAN HYDROBROMIDE

The hydrobromide and monohydrate of the antitussive drug dextromethorphan.


zinc sulfate hexahydrate

A hydrate that is the hexahydrate form of zinc sulfate.


zinc sulfate heptahydrate

A hydrate that is the heptahydrate form of zinc sulfate.


copper sulfate

The pentahydrate of copper(2+) sulfate. A bright blue crystalline solid.


aluminium sulfate octadecahydrate

A hydrate resulting from the the formal combination of anhydrous aluminium sulfate with approximately 18 mol eq. of water. The commercial product usually contains 5-10% less water than theory. It is one of the commonest hydrates of aluminium sulfate.


copper(II) sulfate hexahydrate

A hydrate that is the hexahydrate form of copper(2+) sulfate.


manganese(II) sulfate tetrahydrate

A hydrate that is the tetrahydrate form of manganese(II) sulfate.


rotenoid

Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.


monocarboxylic acid amide

A carboxamide derived from a monocarboxylic acid.


An N-acylethanolamine resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of any polyunsaturated fatty acid with the amino group of ethanolamine.


N-(fatty acyl)-ethanolamine

an N-acyl-ethanolamine where the acyl group is a fatty acyl chain with composition not specified, major species at pH 7.3.


N-acylethanolamine 20:5

A N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine in which the acyl group contains 20 carbons and 5 double bonds.


fatty amide

A monocarboxylic acid amide derived from a fatty acid.


N-(fatty acyl)-dopamine

A fatty acid conjugated to dopamine


A member of the class of quinolones that is the amide obtained from formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-allyl-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 2-amino-4-phenyl-1,3-thiazole.


(R)-atenolol

The (R)-enantiomer of atenolol.


N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine

Any N-acylethanolamine in which the acyl group has a chain length of C12 or greater.


naphthalenecarboxamide

Any member of the class of naphthalenes in which the naphthalene ring is directly attached to the carbonyl carbon of a carboxamide group.


N-acylethanolamine 20:4

A N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine in which the acyl group contains 20 carbons and 4 double bonds.


A member of the class of quinolones that is the amide obtained from formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-1-(2-methylpropyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-amine.


N-acylethanolamine 18:0

A N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine in which the acyl group contains 18 carbons and is fully saturated.


N-acylethanolamine 18:2

A N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine in which the acyl group contains 18 carbons and 2 double bonds.


A member of the class of quinolones that is the amide obtained from formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-1-isobutyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 2-amino-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole.


N-acylethanolamine 22:4

A N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine in which the acyl group contains 22 carbons and 4 double bonds.


primary fatty amide

A primary carboxamide RC(=O)NH2 resultng from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of a fatty acid with ammonia.


A member of the class of quinolones that is the amide obtained from formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 2-amino-3-methyl-1,3-thiazole.


N-acylethanolamine 22:6

A N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine in which the acyl group contains 22 carbons and 6 double bonds.


N-acylethanolamine 20:3

A N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine in which the acyl group contains 20 carbons and 3 double bonds.


N-(saturated fatty acyl)ethanolamine

Any N-acylethanolamine in which the acyl group is derived from a saturated fatty acid.


granisetron

A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-methyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid with the primary amino group of (3-endo)-9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-amine. A selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, it is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to manage nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and to prevent and treat postoperative nausea and vomiting.


A member of the class of quinolones that is the amide obtained from formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-1-isopentyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 2-amino-3-methyl-1,3-thiazole.


arenecarboxamide

A monocarboxylic acid amide in which the amide linkage is bonded directly to an arene ring system.


esatenolol

The (S)-enantiomer of atenolol.


naphthols

Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has a single hydroxy substituent.


naphthol

A member of the class of naphthols carrying a single hydroxy substituent at C-1 or C-2. A closed class.


primary carboxamide

A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with ammonia; formula RC(=O)NH2.


(Z)-azobenzene

The (Z)-isomer of azobenzene.


AZOBENZENE

The (E)-isomer of azobenzene.


clobenpropit dihydrobromide

A hydrobromide salt obtained by reaction of clobenpropit with two equivalents of hydrobromic acid. An extremely potent histamine H3 antagonist/inverse agonist (pA2 = 9.93). Also displays partial agonist activity at H4 receptors; induces eosinophil shape change with an EC50 of 3 nM.


monohydroxyquinoline

A hydroxyquinoline carrying a single hydroxy substituent.


A quinoline having the keto group at the 4-position and an additional hydroxy substituent at the 3-position.


maltooligosaccharide

A glucooligosaccharide derived from glucose monomers linked via alpha-D-1,4 bonds as in maltose.  The term is commonly applied to the series of linear oligosaccharides composed of two, three, four, five and six such units of glucose.


maltoheptaose heptasaccharide

A heptasaccharide comprised of seven D-glucose residues connected by alpha(1->4) linkages.


primary amino compound

A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one hydrogen atom by an organyl group.


An aminoalcohol that is benzene substituted by a 3-amino-3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methoxybutyl group at position 1 and an octyl group at position 4.


itramin tosilate

A nitrate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of ethanolamine with the hydroxy group of nitric acid. It causes vasodilation by generating nitric oxide and is used for the treatment of angina pectoris and ischemic heart disease.


N-monoacetylalkane-alpha,omega-diamine

An acetamide obtained by acetylation of one of the amino groups of any alkane-alpha,omega-diamine. AcNHCH2(CH2)nCH2NH2, where n = 0, 1, 2, etc.


ciguatoxin

Ciguatoxins are cyclic polyether toxins, derived from marine dinoflagellates, which are responsible for the symptoms of ciguatera poisoning. Ingestion of tropical and subtropical fin fish contaminated by ciguatoxins results in an illness characterised by neurological, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders.


17beta-hydroxy steroid

A 17-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group at position 17 has a beta-configuration.


catechols

Any compound containing an o-diphenol component.


methylcatechol

Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.


tertiary amino compound

A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing three hydrogen atoms by organyl groups.


tramadol

A tertiary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted at positions 1 and 2 by 3-methoxyphenyl and dimethylaminomethyl groups respectively.


benzydamine

A member of the class of indazoles carrying benzyl and 3-(dimethylamino)propyl groups at positions 1 and 3 respectively. A locally-acting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that also exhibits local anaesthetic and analgesic properties.


(S)-bromazine

The (S)-enantiomer of bromazine.


A glycopeptide that is the combined B- and T-cell epitope of Candida albicans cell wall beta1,2-mannotriose and the cell wall peptide Fba (derived from fructose-bisphosphate aldolase), the peptide moiety consisting of the amino acid sequence Tyr-Gly-Lys-Asp-Val-Lys-Asp-Leu-Phe-Asp-Tyr-Ala-Gln-Glu.


volatile organic compound

Any organic compound having an initial boiling point less than or equal to 250 degreeC (482 degreeF) measured at a standard atmospheric pressure of 101.3 kPa.


quaternary ammonium salt

Derivatives of ammonium compounds, (NH4(+))Y(-), in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with univalent (usually organyl) groups.


anisotropine methylbromide

A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of anisotropine with methyl bromide.


(2S,3R)-glycopyrronium bromide

A glycopyrronium bromide that has (2S,3R)-configuration. The racemate, ritropirronium bromide, is used for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.


ROCURONIUM BROMIDE

The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha androstane compound having 3alpha-hydroxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-morpholino- and 16beta-N-allyllyrrolidinium substituents.


ACLIDINIUM BROMIDE

A quaternary ammonium salt that is the bromide salt of aclidinium. A muscarinic acetylcholine M3 receptor antagonist, for the long-term maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).


tetramethylammonium bromide

The bromide salt of tetramethylammonium.


GLYCOPYRROLATE

A quaternary ammonium salt composed of 3-{[cyclopentyl(hydroxy)phenylacetyl]oxy}-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-ium and  bromide ions in a 1:1 ratio.


METHSCOPOLAMINE BROMIDE

A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of scopolamine with methyl bromide.


TETRABUTYLAMMONIUM BROMIDE

A tetrabutylammonium salt with bromide as the anionic counterpart.


PROPYROMAZINE BROMIDE

An organic bromide salt of propyromazine. It is a muscarinic antagonist which has antispasmodic potential.


tetrapropylammonium bromide

A quarternary ammonium bromide salt in which the cation has four propyl substituents around the central nitrogen.


benzododecinium bromide

The organic bromide salt of benzododecinium. It is a cationic surfactant that has antispetic and disinfectant properties.


tiquizium bromide

A organic bromide salt of tiquizium. It is an antispasmodic drug used for the treatment of convulsion and hypermobility in gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, enteritis, irritable bowel syndrome, gallbladder disease, biliary tract disease and urolithiasis.


octyltrimethylammonium bromide

A quarternary ammonium salt whose basic unit comprises an octyltrimethylammonium cation and a bromide anion.


BUTYLSCOPOLAMINE BROMIDE

An organic bromide salt of butylscopolamine. It is an antispasmodic drug which can relieve painful stomach cramps (including those linked with irritable bowel syndrome), bladder and menstrual cramps.


dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide

A quarternary ammonium cation having one dodecyl and three methyl substituents around the central nitrogen.


FM 4-64 dye

A quaternary ammonium salt A liphophilic dye consisting of a dication that is N,N-dibutyl-4-[6-(pyridin-4-yl)hexa-1,3,5-trien-1-yl]aniline in which the nitrogen of the pyridine moiety is substituted by a 3-(triethylammonio)propyl group and two bromide ions. It is used to selectively stain yeast vacuolar membranes with red fluorescence.


cetrimide

The organic bromide salt that is the bromide salt of cetyltrimethylammonium; one of the components of the topical antiseptic cetrimide.


decyltrimethylammonium bromide

A quarternary ammonium salt whose basic unit comprises a decyltrimethylammonium cation and a bromide anion.


clidinium bromide

The bromide salt of clinidium. It is used for the symptomatic treatment of peptic ulcer disease and also to help relieve abdominal or stomach spasms or cramps due to colicky abdominal pain, diverticulitis, and irritable bowel syndrome.


acetylcholine bromide

The bromide salt of acetylcholine.


VECURONIUM BROMIDE

The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidinino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.


A quaternary ammonium salt that is the dibromide salt of 1,1'-hexadecane-1,16-diylbis(1-methylpyrrolidinium).


umeclidinium bromide

A quaternary ammonium salt that is the bromide salt of umeclidinium. Used in combination with vilanterol for long-term maintenance treatment of airflow obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.


(2R,3S)-glycopyrronium bromide

A glycopyrronium bromide that has (2R,3S)-configuration. The racemate, ritropirronium bromide, is used for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.


butropium bromide

An organic bromide salt of butropium. It is a drug which suppresses spasm of smooth muscles of internal organs, inhibits gastric acid secretion and relieves abdominal pain. It is used in the treatment of spasmodic pains associated with gastritis, gastric ulcers and cholelithiasis.


monomethoxybenzene

Compounds containing a benzene skeleton substituted with one methoxy group.


mononitroanisoles

Any member of the class of nitroanisoles in which a single nitro group is attached to the anisole ring.


A catechin that is (-)-epicatechin in which the hydroxy group at position 4' is replaced by a methoxy group. It is a metabolite of (-)-epicatechin.


Any member of the class of mononitroanisoles in which the nitro group is situated meta to the methoxy group.


pinoresinol

A lignan that is tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted at positions 1 and 4 by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl groups.


guaiacols

Any phenol carrying an additional methoxy substituent at the ortho-position.


nitroanisoles

A monomethoxybenzene carrying one or more nitro substituents.


(+)-catechin-3'-methyl ether

A member of the class of catechins that is (+)-catechin in which the hydroxy group at position 3' has been replaced by a methoxy group. It is a metabolite of (+)-catechin, a major polyphenol found in several fruits and vegetables.


A hydrobromide salt prepared from N-methyl-6-chloro-1-(3-methylphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol and one equivalent of hydrogen bromide. Dopamine D1-like receptor partial agonist (Ki values are 1.18, 7.56, 920 and 399 nM for rat D1, D5, D2 and D3 receptors respectively). May act as an antagonist in vivo, producing anti-Parkinsonian effects and antagonising the behavioral effects of cocaine.


steroid saponin

Any saponin derived from a hydroxysteroid.


sterol 3-beta-D-glucoside

Any beta-D-glucoside derived from a sterol.


spirostanyl glycoside

Any steroid saponin that consists of a spirostan and its substituted derivatives  as the aglycone moiety.


butanediols

A diol that is a butanediol or a derivative of a butanediol.


secoisolariciresinol

A lignan that is butane-1,4-diol in which the 2 and 3 positions are substituted by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl groups


bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid

A type of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid whose structures are built up of two benzylisoquinoline units linked by ether bridges. Various structural patterns resulting from additional bridging between the two units by direct carbon-carbon bridging or by methylenedioxy groups are common.


extended flavonoid

Any flavonoid with one or more rings fused on to the phenyl substituted benzopyran  framework.


Any aminopurine that has amino substituents at positions 2 and 6, and their substituted derivatives.


A 2,6-diaminopurine that is an analogue of abacavir in which the cyclopropylamino group at position 6 of the purine moiety is replaced by a 3-cyclopropyl-3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl group. One of a series of synthesised abacavir analogues with antiviral activity found to stimulate IFN-gamma secretion in abacavir-responsive clones.


polyatomic anion

An anion consisting of more than one atom.


perfluorometallate anion

An anionic coordination entity where all of the ligands coordinated to the metal atom are fluorido ligands.


oxoanion

An oxoanion is an anion derived from an oxoacid by loss of hydron(s) bound to oxygen.


halometallate anion

An anionic coordination entity where halido ligands are coordinated to a metal centre.


phosphate ion

A phosphorus oxoanion that is the conjugate base of phosphoric acid.


perhalometallate anion

A halometallate anion where all of the ligands coordinated to the metal atom are halido ligands.


fluorometallate anion

An anionic coordination entity where fluorido ligands are coordinated to a metal centre.


thiochromane

Any organic heterobicyclic compound consisting of a benzene ring fused to a thiopyran.


dibenzopyran

Any organic heteropolycyclic compound based on a skeleton consisting of a pyran ring fused with two benzene rings.


benzimidazole fungicide

Compounds that contain a benzimidazole moiety as a key feature of their structure and which have been used as fungicides.


naphthalenes

Any benzenoid aromatic compound having a skeleton composed of two ortho-fused benzene rings.


adamantanes

Compounds containing an adamantane skeleton.


A hydroxylamine that is N-hydroxyquinolin-4-one in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a (1E)-non-1-en-1-yl group. It is the most active agent produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa that modulates the growth and virulence of Staphylococcus aureus; the corresponding Z isomer is inactive.


naphthalenediols

Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has two hydroxy substituents.


hydroxyflavan

A member of the class of flavans in which one or more ring hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy groups.


pyrimidotriazine

Any organic heterobicyclic compound containing ortho-fused pyrimidine and triazine rings.


isoquinolines

A class of organic heteropolycyclic compound consisting of isoquinoline and its substitution derivatives.


sapogenin

Any organic polycyclic compound that is the aglycon moiety of a saponin; sapogenins may be steroids or triterpenoids.


androstanoid

Any steroid based on an  androstane skeleton and its derivatives.


folic acids

A group of heterocyclic compounds based on the pteroic acid skeleton conjugated with one or more L-glutamic acid units.


1,5-naphthyridine derivative

Any naphthyridine derivative that is a derivative of 1,5-naphthyridine.


pyrrolidinopiperidine

Any organic heterobicyclic compound containing ortho-fused pyrrolidine and piperidine rings.


indoles

Any compound containing an indole skeleton.


An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively.


physalin

Any seco-steroid based on a 13,14-seco-16,24-cycloergostane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof. These phytochemicals form the major steroidal constituents of Physalis plants and exhibit antimicrobial and antiparasitic activity.


FISETINIDOL

A tetrahydroxyflavan that is (2S)-flavan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 7, 3' and 4'.


benzodioxine

Any organic heterobicyclic compound containing ortho-fused benzene and dioxine rings.


17alpha-hydroxy steroid

The alpha-stereoisomer of 17-hydroxy steroid.


syringaresinol

A lignan that is 7,9':7',9-diepoxylignane substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 4' and methoxy groups at positions 3, 3', 5 and 5' respectively.


dihydrofolic acids

A group of heterocyclic compounds based on the 7,8-dihydropteroic acid skeleton conjugated with one or more L-glutamic acid units.


phenanthrenes

Any benzenoid aromatic compound that consists of a phenanthrene skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.


A steroid compound with a structure based on a 19-carbon (androstane) skeleton.


A steroid that has a structure based on a 21-carbon (pregnane) skeleton. Note that individual examples may have ring substituents at other positions and/or contain double bonds, aromatic A-rings, expanded/contracted rings etc., so the formula and mass may vary from that given for the generic structure.


(R,S,S,S)-nebivolol

A 2,2'-iminobis[1-(6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)ethanol] that has (1S,1'S,2R,2'S)-configuration.


Any aminopurine having the amino substituent at the 2-position.


4-hydroxy steroid

Any steroid bearing a 4-hydroxy substituent.


ortho- and peri-fused compound

A polycyclic compound in which one ring contains two, and only two, atoms in common with each of two or more rings of a contiguous series of rings. Such compounds have n common faces and less than 2n common atoms.


EHNA

A purine derivative having an adenine skeleton substituted at N-9 with a erythro-2-hydroxynonan-3-yl group; relative configuration.


(S)-talarozole

An N-{4-[2-ethyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butyl]phenyl}-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine that is the (S)-enantiomer of talarozole. The racemate is used for the treatment of keratinization disorders, psoriasis and acne.


anthracenes

Compounds containing an anthracene skeleton.


LEVOMETHORPHAN

A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the stereocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have R-configuration. It is a prodrug of levorphanol and a strong narcotic analgesic, and listed as a schedule II controlled substance.


gallocatechin

A catechin that is a flavan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 3', 4', 5, 5' and 7 (the trans isomer). It is isolated from  Acacia mearnsii.


pyranopyrazole

An organic heterobicyclic compound whose skeleton consists of a pyran ring which is ortho-fused to a pyrazole ring.


uric acid

An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.


R-epinastine

An epinastine that has R configuration at the chiral centre.


flavonolignan

Any lignan condensed with a 2-aryl-1-benzopyran skeleton and its substituted derivatives.


spiroketal

A cyclic ketal in which the ketal carbon is the only common atom of two rings.


benzisoxazole

Compounds based on a fused 1,2-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton.


ortho-fused heteroarene

An ortho-fused compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one heteroatom.


pyrazolopyridazine

Any organonitrogen heterocyclic compound whose skeleton consists of a pyrazole ring that is ortho-fused to a pyridazine ring.


naphthohydroquinone

A hydroxynaphthalene that is naphthalene-1,4-diol and its C-substituted derivatives.


polycyclic cage

A polycyclic compound having the shape of a cage.


alkyloxynaphthalene

Naphthalenes in which one or more alkyloxy groups are bonded to a naphthalene ring system.


5beta steroid

Any steroid that has beta-configuration at position 5.


Any C21-steroid carrying a hydroxy substituent at the 17alpha-position. Note that individual examples may have ring substituents at other positions and/or contain double bonds, aromatic A-rings, expanded/contracted rings etc., so the formula and mass may vary from that given for the generic structure.


phthalimides

A dicarboximide that is phthalimide or derivatives obtained from it by the formal replacement of one or more hydrogens.


pyranoxanthene

An organic heterotetracyclic compound having a skeleton comprising a pyran ring ortho-fused to a tricyclic xanthene.


N-(naphthyl)carboxamide

Any secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with 1- or 2-naphthylamine.


benzoxaborole

Any organic heterobicyclic compound that consists of an oxoborole ring that is ortho-fused to a benzene ring.


S-epinastine

An epinastine that has S configuration at the chiral centre.


2-hydroxy steroid

Any  hydroxy steroid carrying a hydroxy group at position 2.


N-acylindole

A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with the nitrogen of an indole.


azatetracycloalkane

Any organic heterotetracyclic compound where at least one of the specified hetero atoms is nitrogen.


thienopyrimidine

A class of aromatic heterobicyclic compounds each of which contains a pyrimidine ring ortho fused to a 5-membered thiophene ring.


octahydronaphthalenes

Any carbobycyclic compound that is an octahydronaphthalene or a compound obtained from an octahydronaphthalene by formal substitution of one or more hydrogens.


spiro-epoxide

An oxaspiro compound in which a carbon atom of an epoxide ring is the only common member of two rings.


steroid hormone

Any steroid that acts as hormone.


fused compound

A polycyclic compound that contains more than one ring with at least two common atoms (also known as bridgehead carbons) that are adjacent to each other.


fluorinated steroid

A steroid which is substituted with one or more fluorine atoms in any position.


hydroxycoumarin

Any coumarin carrying at least one hydroxy substituent.


anthracenetriol

A polyphenol that is anthracene carrying three hydroxy substituents.


carbapenems

The class of beta-lactam antibiotics that whose members have a carbapenem skeleton which is variously substituted at positions 3, 4, and 6.


corticosteroid

A natural or synthetic analogue of the hormones secreted by the adrenal gland.


benzothiazole fungicide

Compounds that contain a benzothiazole moiety as a key feature of their structure and which have been used as fungicides.


cholestanoid

Any steroid based on a cholestane skeleton and its derivatives.


maackiain

A member of the class of ptercoarpans that is cis-pterocarpan  substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3 and a methylenedioxy group across positions 8 and 9.


isobenzofuranone

A 2-benzofuran containing one or more oxo groups.


7alpha-hydroxy steroid

A 7-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group at position 7 has an alpha-configuration.


Any compound having 6-aminopurine (adenine) as part of its structure.


1,8-naphthyridine derivative

Any naphthyridine derivative that is a derivative of 1,8-naphthyridine.


pterocarpans

Members of the class of benzofurochromene with a 6a,11a-dihydro-6H-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. They generally bear structural resemblance to isoflavanoids that possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection. They are the 3,4-dihydroderivatives of coumestans.


pyrrolotriazine

Any organic heterobicyclic compound containing ortho-fused pyrrolidine and triazine rings.


epoxy steroid

Any steroid whose structure includes an epoxy group.


aza-steroid

An aza-steroid is a steroid where in the carbon skeleton a carbon atom is replaced by nitrogen.


hydroxynaphthalene

Any member of the class of  naphthalenes that is naphthalene carrying one or more hydroxy groups.


benzophenanthridine alkaloid

A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family.


coumestans

Members of the class of benzofurochromene with a 6H-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. They are the 3,4-didehydroderivatives of pterocarpans.


tetracyclic antidepressant

An antidepressant whose molecular structure consists of four ring-like structures in a T-shape.


ortho-fused compound

A polycyclic compound in which two rings have two, and only two, atoms in common. Such compounds have n common faces and 2n common atoms.


pyridopyrimidine

Any organic heterobicyclic compound consisting of a pyridine ring ortho-fused at any position to a pyrimidine ring.


Compounds based on a fused 1,3-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton.


A fluorescent dye having an absorption wavelength of 580 nm and an emission wavelength of 601 nm, derived from a xanthene-based heteroheptacycle.


FLAVANE

The simplest member of the class of flavans that is chromane substituted by a phenyl group at position 2.


steroid

Any of naturally occurring compounds and synthetic analogues, based on the cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene carbon skeleton, partially or completely hydrogenated; there are usually methyl groups at C-10 and C-13, and often an alkyl group at C-17. By extension, one or more bond scissions, ring expansions and/or ring contractions of the skeleton may have occurred. Natural steroids are derived biogenetically from squalene which is a triterpene.


spiro compound

A compound having one atom as the only common member of two rings.


16beta-hydroxy steroid

A 16-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group at position 16 has a beta-configuration.


pyrazolotriazine

Any organic heterobicyclic compound where the triazine ring is ortho-fused to a pyrazole ring.


14beta-hydroxy steroid

A 14-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group has a beta-configuration.


7-hydroxy steroid

A hydroxy steroid carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 7.


benzimidazoles

An organic heterocyclic compound containing a benzene ring fused to an imidazole ring.


benzazepine

A group of two-ring heterocyclic compounds consisting of a benzene ring fused to an azepine ring.


stigmastane derivative

Any steroid (or derivative) based on a stigmastane skeleton.


A ring assembly that consists of robinetinidol attached to a gallocatechin unit resulting in a bond between C-4 of the pyran ring and C-8 of the benzopyran ring. It is isolated from Acacia mearnsii.


Any carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with 1-naphthylamine.


flavonoid oligomer

A phenylpropanoid obtained by the coupling of two or more units of aryl-substituted benzopyran units and their substituted derivatives.


benzodiazepine

A group of heterocyclic compounds with a core structure containing a benzene ring fused to a diazepine ring.


naphthalenediol

A class of naphthalenediols that consists solely of naphthelene with any two of its hydrogens replaced by hydroxy groups. A 'closed class'.


hexahydronaphthalenes

Any carbobycyclic compound that is an hexahydronaphthalene or a compound obtained from an hexahydronaphthalene by formal substitution of one or more hydrogens.


imidazopyrazole

Any organic heterobicyclic compound that is imidazole ortho-fused to a pyrazole ring.


azaspiro compound

An azaspiro compound is a spiro compound in which at least one of the cyclic components is a nitrogen heterocyle.


9-hydroxy steroid

A hydroxy steroid having a hydroxy group located at position 9.


methylguanine

A 2-aminopurine that is guanine bearing a single methyl substituent.


hydroxyflavonoid

Any flavonoid in which one or more ring hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy groups.


pyrimidopyrimidine

An organic heterobicyclic compound with a skeleton consisting of two pyrimidine rings that are ortho-fused to each other at any position.


naphthyridine derivative

Any organonitrogen heterocyclic compound that is a derivative of a naphthyridine.


(-)-GALLOCATECHIN

A a gallocatechin that has (2S,3R)-configuration.


anthracenol

A member of the class of  anthracenes in which the anthracene ring system is substituted by one or more hydroxy groups at unspecified positions.


naphthochromene

An organic heterotetracyclic compound resulting from the formal fusion of a naphthalene with a chromene.


indolobenzazepine

An organic heterotetracyclic compound that consists of an indole moiety ortho-fused to any benzazepine.


A ring assembly that consists of robinetinidol attached to a (+)-catechin unit resulting in a bond between C-4 of the pyran ring and C-8 of the benzopyran ring. It is isolated from Acacia mearnsii.


26-hydroxy steroid

Any hydroxy steroid in which a hydroxy group is located at position 26.


triazolothiadiazole

Any organic heterobicyclic compound containing ortho-fused triazole and thiadiazole rings.


biflavonoid

A flavonoid oligomer that is obtained by the oxidative coupling of at least two units of aryl-substituted benzopyran rings or its substituted derivatives, resulting in the two ring systems being joined together by a single atom or bond.


name: 1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid [2-(4-nitroanilino)-2-oxoethyl] ester


Tryptamine and its substitution derivatives.


purine nucleobase

A nucleobase whose skeleton is derived from purine.


cephamycin

Any member of the cephamycin sub-group of cephem antibiotics, differing from cephalosporins in possessing a methoxy group at the 7alpha-position of the cephem nucleus, and in being resistant to beta-lactamase.


aminocoumarin

Any coumarin carrying at least one amino substituent.


oxaspiro compound

A spiro compound in which at least one of the cyclic components is an oxygen heterocyle.


afzelechin

A tetrahydroxyflavan that is  (2S)-flavan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5, 7 and 4' respectively.


thienopyridine

Any organic heterobicyclic compound whose skeleton results from the formal ortho-fusion of any bond of a pyridine with any bond of a thiophene.


7beta-hydroxy steroid

A 7-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group at position 7 has beta-configuration.


aminopurine

Any purine having at least one amino substituent.


carbobicyclic compound

A bicyclic compound in which all the ring atoms are carbon.


penams

Natural and synthetic antibiotics containing the 4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-7-one structure, generally assumed to have the 5R configuration unless otherwise specified.


steroid acid

Any steroid substituted by at least one carboxy group.


furofuran

Organic heterobicyclic compounds containing a two furan rings ortho-fused to each other.


A hydroxycoumarin that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 4-azidobenzyl group. It is a photoaffinity probe used in the identification of warfarin-binding proteins present in mammalian tissue.


oxa-steroid

A steroid where in the carbon skeleton a carbon atom is replaced by oxygen.


furopyridine

An organic heterobicyclic compound whose skeleton consists of a furan ring ortho-fused to a pyridine ring.


dimethylnaphthalene

Any member of the class of  naphthalenes carrying two methyl groups at unspecified positions.


carbotricyclic compound

A carbopolyclic compound comprising of three carbocyclic rings.


pyrimidopyridazine

Any organic heterobicyclic compound containing ortho-fused pyrimidine and pyridazine rings.


chromones

A chromenone that consists of a 1,4-benzopyrone skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.


dihydrophenanthrene

Any member of the class of  phenanthrenes that is the dihydrogenated derivative of phenanthrene and its substituted derivatives.


dihydronaphthalenes

Any carbobycyclic compound that is a dihydronaphthalene or a compound obtained from a dihydronaphthalene by formal substitution of one or more hydrogens.


tetrahydroxyflavan

Any hydroxyflavan containing 4 hydroxy groups.


carbopolycyclic compound

A polyclic compound in which all of the ring members are carbon atoms.


indoloquinoline

An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is any indole fused to a quinoline ring.


bridged compound

A polycyclic compound that contains more than one ring with at least two common atoms (also known as bridgehead carbons) that are not adjacent to each other.


polycyclic arene

A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.


11beta-hydroxy steroid

Any 11-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group at position 11 has beta- configuration.


chromenochromene

Any organic heteroolycyclic compound whose skeleton two ortho-fused chromene rings, and their derivatives.


tetrahydrochromenochromene

Any chromenochromene resulting from the formal cis-fusion of two dihydro chromene rings, together with their substituted derivatives.


oxatetracycloalkane

Any organic heterotetracyclic compound where at least one of the specified hetero atoms is oxygen.


furopyridazine

Any organic heterobicyclic compound containing ortho-fused furan and pyridazine rings.


flavans

Any flavonoid with a 3,4-dihydro-2-aryl-2H-1-benzopyran skeleton and its substituted derivatives.


methoxynaphthalene

Any alkyloxynaphthalene bearing one or more methoxy substituents.


C21-steroid hormone

A steroid compound with a structure based on a 21-carbon (pregnane) skeleton that acts as a hormone.


neoflavonoid

Any 1-benzopyran with an aryl substituent at position 4. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.


ecdysteroid

A class of steroids that include insect moulting and sex hormones.


17-hydroxy steroid

A hydroxy steroid carrying a hydroxy group at position 17.


A ring assembly that consists of  fisetinidol attached to a (+)-catechin unit resulting in a bond between C-4 of the pyran ring and C-8 of the benzopyran ring. It is isolated from Acacia mearnsii.


Any member of the class of coumarins that contains a 7-amino-2H-chromen-2-one skeleton.


norcoclaurine

A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid based on a  benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline skeleton.


benzofurochromene

An organic heteropolycyclic compound whose skeleton consists of a chromene ring fused onto a 1-benzofuran ring, together with their substituted derivatives.


anthrapyrazole

Any organic heterotetracyclic compound consisting of a pyrazole ring ortho-fused to an anthracene.


heteropolycyclic compound

A polycyclic compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one non-carbon atom.


methylindole

Any member of the class of indoles carrying one or more methyl substituents.


methyladenine

Any member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine bearing a single methyl substituent.


xanthene dye

A dye derived by condensation of phthalic anhydride with resorcinol (and derivatives) or m-aminophenol (and derivatives).


purines

A class of imidazopyrimidines that consists of purine and its substituted derivatives.


oxindoles

Any member of the class of indolones whose structure is based on an oxindole (2-indolone) skeleton.


20-hydroxy steroid

Any hydroxy steroid that in which the steroid skeleton contains a hydroxy substituent at position 20.


oxacephem

Any member of the oxacephem sub-group of cephem antibiotics, in which the thiaazabicyclo moiety of the cephalosporins is replaced by an oxaazabicyclo moiety, and  where R3 is -H or -OCH3.


benzofuran antifungal drug

Any member of the class of benzofurans which has been used as an antifungal drug.


chromenol

Any chromene carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.


name: 3',4'-Methylenedioxy epicatechin 5,7-dimethyl ether


Compounds based on a fused 1,2-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton, with the O atom positioned adjacent to one of the positions of ring fusion.


6beta-hydroxy steroid

Any 6-hydroxy steroid in which the 6-hydroxy substituent has beta-configuration.


16-hydroxy steroid

Any hydroxy steroid carrying a hydroxy group at position 16.


tetralins

Compounds containing a tetralin skeleton.


cephalosporin

A class of beta-lactam antibiotics differing from the penicillins in having a 6-membered, rather than a 5-membered, side ring.  Although cephalosporins are among the most commonly used antibiotics in the treatment of routine infections, and their use is increasing over time, they can cause a range of hypersensitivity reactions, from mild, delayed-onset cutaneous reactions to life-threatening anaphylaxis in patients with immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy.


name: (-)-Epigallocatechin 3-gallate 7-glucoside 4"-glucuronide


furopyran

Any organic heterobicyclic compound containing ortho-fused furan and pyran rings.


benzoselenazole

An organic heterobicyclic compound whose skeleton consists of a benzene ring which is ortho-fused to a selenzole ring.


A benzothiazole consisting of a benzene ring fused to an isothiazole.


anthracycline antibiotic

An organic compound that has a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine and which exhibits antibiotic activity.


aspartic acid derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of aspartic acid at the amino group or either of the carboxy groups, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of aspartic acid by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing aspartic acid residues.


D-aspartic acid derivative

A non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from the formal reaction of D-aspartic acid at the amino group or either carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of D-aspartic acid by a heteroatom.


L-aspartic acid derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-aspartic acid at the amino group or either of the carboxy groups, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-aspartic acid by a heteroatom.


dehydroamino acid

An amino acid derivative that is an amino acid whose side-chain has undergone formal dehydrogenation.


organic heterocyclic compound

A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of carbon and at least of one other element.


delta-lactam

A lactam in which the amide bond is contained within a six-membered ring, which includes the amide nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon.


A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2.


yaequinolone D

Published in DOI:10.1038/ja.2006.86


aminoquinoline

Any member of the class of quinolines in which the quinoline skeleton is substituted by one or more amino or substituted-amino groups.


uranidine

A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 5, and 8. It is isolated from the sponge Aplysina aerophoba.


bipyridines

Compounds containing a bipyridine group.


benzocycloheptathiophene

benzocycloheptathiophenes


quinolines

A class of aromatic heterocyclic compounds each of which contains a benzene ring ortho fused to carbons 2 and 3 of a pyridine ring.


salinosporamide

Family of cytotoxic secondary metabolites produced by the marine actinomycete Salinispora tropica.


A quinolone that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 4.


biphenylyltetrazole

A member of the class of biphenyls that consists of a biphenyl ring system substituted by a tetrazole ring at an unspecified position.


triazoles

An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.


An N-glycosyl compound that consists of any triazole having a glycosyl residue attached at position 1.


polypyrrole

A compound composed of two or more pyrrole units.


morphinane-like compound

Any organonitrogen heterocyclic compound based on a morphinan skeleton. These are synthetic or semi-synthetic compounds that resemble the  morphinane (opioid) alkaloids in their pharmacological effects.


tetrapyrrole

A natural pigment containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next.


beta-lactam antibiotic

An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic that contains a beta-lactam ring.


azole

Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.


fluoroquinolone antibiotic

An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic containing a quinolone (or quinolone-like) moiety and which have a fluorine atom attached to the central ring system.


yaequinolone C

Published in DOI:10.1038/ja.2006.86


nucleobase-containing molecular entity

Any compound that has a nucleobase as a part.


azaphilone

Any member of a family of natural products which contains a 6H-isochromene-6,8(7H)-dione or an isoquinoline-6,8(2H,7H)-dione skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.


conazole fungicide

Any conazole antifungal agent that has been used as a fungicide.


A quinolone consisting of quinolin-4(1H)-one carrying a heptyl substituent at position 2 and a hydroxy group at position 3.


aminoimidazole

Any member of the class of  imidazoles carrying at least one amino substituent.


monobactam

Monocyclic, bacterially produced or semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotic. It lacks the double ring construction of the traditional beta-lactam antibiotics and can be easily synthesized.


penigequinolone B

Published in DOI:10.1038/ja.2006.86


triazole fungicide

Any triazole antifungal agent that has been used as a fungicide.


triazole antifungal drug

Any triazole antifungal agent that has been used for the treatment of fungal infections in humans or animals.


tetrazoles

An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains four N atoms and one C atom.


benzotriazines

Compounds based on a fused triazine and benzene ring skeleton.


1,3-thiazolium cation

An organic cation resulting from protonation or quaternisation at the 3-position of any 1,3-thiazole.


nucleobase

That part of DNA or RNA that may be involved in pairing.


oxazole

An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.


triazole antifungal agent

A member of the class of triazole that has significant antifungal properties.


(S)-bifonazole

A 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole that is the S-enantiomer of bifonazole.


syrbactin

A class of azamacrocyclic natural products with a 2,7-dioxo-1,6-diazacyclododecane skeleton that includes the syringolin, glidobactin and cepafungin natural product families. In addition to their related molecular frameworks, members of the class share similar biosynthesis pathways and identical modes-of-action, being irreversible proteasome inhibitor that inhibit all three activities of eukaryotic proteasomes.


crown compound

A macrocyclic polydentate compound, usually uncharged, in which three or more coordinating ring atoms are or may become suitably close for easy formation of chelate complexes with metal ions or other cationic species.


beta-lactam

A lactam in which the amide bond is contained within a four-membered ring, which includes the amide nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon.


cyclic acetal

An acetal in the molecule of which the acetal carbon and one or both oxygen atoms thereon are members of a ring.


cyclic hydroxamic acid

A lactam having a hydroxy substituent on the amide nitrogen.


biladienes

Compounds based on a biladiene skeleton.


epoxide

Any cyclic ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a 3-membered ring.


A quinolone consisting of quinolin-4(1H)-one carrying a heptyl substituent at position 2.


quinolone antibiotic

An organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic whose structure contains a quinolone or quinolone-related skeleton.


imidazole antifungal drug

Any imidazole antifungal agent that has been used for the treatment of fungal infections in humans or animals.


thiazide

Heterocyclic compound with sulfur and nitrogen in the ring.


oxetanes

Any oxacycle that is oxetane or its substituted derivatives.


heteroarene

A heterocyclic compound formally derived from an arene by replacement of one or more methine (-C=) and/or vinylene (-CH=CH-) groups by trivalent or divalent heteroatoms, respectively, in such a way as to maintain the continuous pi-electron system characteristic of aromatic systems and a number of out-of-plane pi-electrons corresponding to the Hueckel rule (4n+2).


oxapenam

A fused-ring beta-lactam system where the beta-lactam ring is fused to a 1,3-oxazolidine ring.


A quinolone that is quinolin-2(1H)-one substituted by a methyl group at position 4.


lactam

Cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.


cyclic ether

Any ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a ring.


imidazole antifungal agent

A compound that has significant antifungal properties whose structure contains an imidazole moiety.


Cinchonan or (8S)-cinchonan in which one of the hydrogens at position 9 is substituted by hydroxy.


conazole antifungal drug

Any conazole antifungal agent that has been used for the treatment of fungal infections in animals or humans.


organonitrogen heterocyclic compound

Any organonitrogen compound containing a cyclic component with nitrogen and at least one other element as ring member atoms.


A member of the class of quinolones that is 2-methylquinolin-4(1H)-one in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a 4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenoxy]phenyl group. A potent inhibitor of Toxoplasma gondii growth.


conazole antifungal agent

A compound that has a structure that is related to miconazole, contains an azole (imidazole or triazole) moiety, and has significant systemic antifungal properties.  They inhibit cytochrome P450-dependent enzymes (particularly C14-demethylase) involved in the biosynthesis of ergosterol, which is required for fungal cell membrane structure and function.


A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thione and its derivatives by substitution.


cyclic ketal

A ketal in the molecule of which the ketal carbon and one or both oxygen atoms thereon are members of a ring.


imidazoles

A five-membered organic heterocycle containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, or any of its derivatives; compounds containing an imidazole skeleton.


pyrazinoindole

An organic heterotricyclic compound comprising a pyrazine ring fused to an indole ring system.


beta-lactam antibiotic allergen

Any beta-lactam antibiotic which causes the onset of an allergic reaction.


imidazole fungicide

Any imidazole antifungal agent that has been used as a fungicide.


oxacycle

Any organic heterocyclic compound containing at least one ring oxygen atom.


ISAVUCONAZONIUM SULFATE

An azaheterocycle sulfate salt that is a prodrug for isavuconazole, an antifungal agent used for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis and invasive mucormycosis.


benzothiadiazine

Heterocyclic compound of a ring with sulfur and two nitrogen atoms fused to a benzene ring. Members inhibit sodium-potassium-chloride symporters and are used as diuretics.


ansamycin

A class of macrocyclic lactams that consist of an aromatic (phenyl or naphthyl) or quinonoid (benzoquinone or naphthoquinone) moiety that is bridged by an aliphatic chain.


A heteroaryl hydroxy compound that is 2-quinolone substituted at position 4 by a hydroxy group.


diazole

An azole that is either one of a pair of heterocyclic organic compounds comprising three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms arranged in a ring.


penems

An  organosulfur heterocyclic compound that contains a beta-lactam ring.


crown amine

Crown compounds containing only nitrogen as coordinating atom.


gamma-lactam

A lactam in which the amide bond is contained within a five-membered ring, which includes the amide nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon.


crown ether

Crown compounds containing only oxygen as coordinating atom.


bismuth ion

A bismuth atom having a net electric charge.


bismuth cation

A bismuth ion having a positive net electric charge.


Any flavonol carrying a 7-hydroxy substituent.


glutamine derivative

A glutamic acid derivative resulting from reaction of glutamine acid at the amino group, the carboxy group, or the side-chain carboxamide, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing glutamine residues.


hydracid

A hydracid is a compound which contains hydrogen that is not bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons).


nitrobenzenes

A C-nitro compound with formula C6H(6-n)(NO2)n (n can be from 1 up to 6, but is usually 1, 2 or 3). A closed class.


deoxyketohexose

Any ketohexose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.


myricetin O-glucuronide

A glycosyloxyflavone that is an O-glucuronidated derivative of myricetin.


ketoxime

Oximes of ketones R2C=NOH (where R =/= H).


mixture

A mixture is a chemical substance composed of multiple molecules, at least two of which are of a different kind.


poly(L-lysine) polymer

A poly(lysine) polymer, composed of poly(L-lysine) macromolecules.


poly(D-lysine) polymer

A poly(lysine) polymer, composed of poly(D-lysine) macromolecules.


racemate

A racemate is an equimolar mixture of a pair of enantiomers.


polymer

A polymer is a mixture, which is composed of macromolecules of different kinds and which may be differentiated by composition, length, degree of branching etc..


poly(amide) polymer

A polymer, composed of poly(amide) macromolecules.


diastereoisomeric mixture

A mixture composed of two or more diastereoisomers (stereoisomers not related as mirror images).


difluorobenzene

Any member of the class of fluorobenzenes containing a mono- or poly-substituted benzene ring carrying two fluorine atoms.


HOMIDIUM BROMIDE

The organic bromide salt of ethidium.


hydroxamic acid

A compound, RkE(=O)lNHOH, derived from an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH) (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH with -NHOH, and derivatives thereof. Specific examples of hydroxamic acids are preferably named as N-hydroxy amides.


acetohydroxamic acids

Any hydroxamic acid in which the N-acyl group is specified as acetyl.


L-SULFORAPHANE

A sulforaphane in which the sulfinyl group has S configuration.


disaccharide

A compound in which two monosaccharides are joined by a glycosidic bond.


hexopyranosyl hexopyranoside

A disaccharide formed by a (1<->1)-glycosidic bond between two hexopyranose units.


glycosyl glycoside

Any disaccharide in which the two monosaccharide components are connected by a glycosidic linkage between their anomeric centres.


trehalose

A disaccharide formed by a (1<->1)-glycosidic bond between two units of D-glucose.


MAGNESIUM CARBONATE

A magnesium salt with formula CMgO3. Its hydrated forms, particularly the di-, tri-, and tetrahydrates occur as minerals.


magnesium sulfate

A magnesium salt having sulfate as the counterion.


lysine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of lysine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of lysine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing lysine residues.


L-lysine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-lysine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-lysine by a heteroatom.


azamacrocycle

A cyclic macromolecule containing one or more nitrogen atoms in place of carbon either as the divalent group NH for the group CH2 or a single trivalent nitrogen atom for the group CH.


L-glyceraldehyde

The L-enantiomer of glyceraldehyde.


N-acetylarylamine

An acetamide where at at least one of the amide hydrogens is substituted by an aryl group. RNHAc where R is an aryl group.


zinc-66 atom

A stable isotope of zinc with relative atomic mass 65.92603, 27.7 atom percent natural abundance and nuclear spin 0.


resin glycoside

Members of the class of  glycolipid that are characteristic to the morning glory family, Convolvulaceae. They are high molecular weight oligosaccharide derivatives of hydroxylated fatty acids.


A branched amino tetrasaccharide consisting of a sialyl residue, linked (2->3) to a galactosyl residue that in turn is linked (1->4) to a glucosaminyl residue, which is also carrying a fucosyl residue at the 3-position.


anhydrohexose

Any anhydro sugar formally arising by elimination of water from two hydroxy groups of a single molecule of a hexose or hexose derivative.


long-chain fatty alcohol

A fatty alcohol with a chain length ranging from C13 to C22.


D-cystine zwitterion

A cysteine zwitterion derived from D-cysteine by transfer of a proton from each of the carboxy groups to the amino groups.


beryllium difluoride

The fluoride salt of beryllium (+2 oxidation state). In the solid state it exists as a glass, with four-coordinate Be(2+) tetrahedral centres and two-coordinate fluoride centres. As a gas it adopts a linear triatomic structure and in the liquid state a fluctuating tetrahedral structure. In protein crystallography it is used as a mimic of phosphate.


organofluorine compound

An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond.


inorganic fluoride salt

A fluoride salt that lacks C-H bonds


sodium fluoride

A metal fluoride salt with a Na(+) counterion.


fluorophenol

A halophenol that is any phenol containing one or more covalently bonded fluorine atoms.


monofluorobenzenes

Any member of the class of fluorobenzenes containing a mono- or poly-substituted benzene ring carrying a single fluorine substitutent.


(S)-sarin

The (S)-enantiomer of sarin; the more potent enantiomer of racemic sarin, a nerve agent that is employed as a chemical warfare agent.


trifluorobenzene

Any member of the class of fluorobenzenes carrying three fluorine substituents at unspecified positions.


fluorobiphenyl

Any member of the class of  biphenyls that is a mono or poly-substituted biphenyl having fluro group as one of the substituents.


(R)-sarin

The (S)-enantiomer of sarin; the less active enantiomer of racemic sarin, a nerve agent that is employed as a chemical warfare agent.


(trifluoromethyl)benzenes

An organofluorine compound that is (trifluoromethyl)benzene and derivatives arising from substitution of one or more of the phenyl hydrogens.


organic fluoride salt

A fluoride salt with C-H bonds


The stable isotope of zinc with relative atomic mass 66.927131, 4.10 atom percent natural abundance and nuclear spin 5/2.


heteroatomic molecular entity

A molecular entity consisting of two or more chemical elements.


aromatic primary alcohol

Any primary alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.


organic fundamental parent

An organic fundamental parent is a structure used as a basis for substitutive names in organic nomenclature, containing, in addition to one or more hydrogen atoms, a single atom of an element, a number of atoms (alike or different) linked together to form an unbranched chain, a monocyclic or polycyclic ring system, or a ring assembly or ring/chain system.


organic oxide

An oxide in which the oxygen atom is bonded to a carbon atom.


dihydroxyflavone

Any hydroxyflavone in which two ring hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy substituents.


neomycin B sulfate

The aminoglycoside sulfate salt that is the sulfate salt of neomycin B; a component of neomycin sulfate.


pentahydroxyflavone

A hydroxyflavone substituted by five hydroxy groups.


cyclopentanols

An alcohol in which one or more hydroxy groups are attached to a cyclopentane skeleton.


alkapentaene

Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having five carbon-carbon double bonds.


GUANETHIDINE SULFATE

A organic sulfate salt composed of two molecules of guanethidine and one of sulfuric acid.


trihydroxyflavone

Any  hydroxyflavone carrying three hydroxy groups at unspecified positions.


aliphatic alcohol

An  alcohol derived from an aliphatic compound.


dodecyl(triphenyl)phosphonium bromide

An organic bromide salt that containing equal numbers of dodecyl(triphenyl)phosphonium cations and bromide anions.


imidic acid

Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing =O by =NR; thus tautomers of amides. In organic chemistry an unspecified imidic acid is generally a carboximidic acid, RC(=NR)(OH).


paromomycin sulfate

An aminoglycoside sulfate salt resulting from the treatment of paromomycin with sulfuric acid. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.


ipratropium bromide

The anhydrous form of the bromide salt of ipratropium. An anticholinergic drug, ipratropium bromide blocks the muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the smooth muscles of the bronchi in the lungs. This opens the bronchi, so providing relief in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute asthma.


sulfates

Salts and esters of sulfuric acid


tergitol

A poly(ethylene glycol) derivative that is poly(ethylene glycol) in which one of the terminal hydroxy groups has been converted into the corresponding p-nonylphenyl ether.


A resorcinol compound having an alkyl substituent at the 5-position.


6-bromoharmine hydrobromide

A hydrobromide salt prepared from 6-bromoharmine and 1 equivalent of hydrogen bromide. It is semisynthetic derivative of harmine and has been shown to exhibit significant anti-HIV activity.


A hydrobromide resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of  1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile and hydrogen bromide.


VINCRISTINE SULFATE

An organic sulfate salt containing equimolar amounts of vincristine(2+) and sulfate. Used for the treatment of a variety of cancers.


A diol that consists of a cyclohexane skeleton carrying two hydroxy substituents.


alcohol

A compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom.


nickel sulfate

A metal sulfate having nickel(2+) as the metal ion.


ketone hydrate

A 1,1-diol resulting from the formal addition of water to the carbonyl group of a ketone.


acyclic olefin

Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon double bond.


DODECLONIUM BROMIDE

The organic bromide salt of dodeclonium. It is an antispetic drug and an ingredient found in creams such as Phlebocreme and Sedorrhoide which are recommended for use in some painful anal pathologies (hemorrhoidal crisis).


alcuronium bromide

The organic bromide salt of alcuronium.


zinc sulfate

A metal sulfate compound having zinc(2+) as the counterion.


(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl azide

An azide carrying a (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl substituent.


tannin

Any of a group of astringent polyphenolic vegetable principles or compounds, chiefly complex glucosides of catechol and pyrogallol.


FENOTEROL HBR

The hydrobromide salt of fenoterol. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.


boronic acids

Compounds having the structure RB(OH)2.


diarylheptanoid

A family of plant metabolites with a common 1,7-diphenylheptane structural skeleton, carrying various substituents. They are mainly distributed in the roots, rhizomes and bark of Alpinia, Zingiber, Curcuma and Alnus species.


sulfamic acids

H2NS(=O)2OH (sulfamic acid) and its N-hydrocarbyl derivatives.


primary fatty alcohol

Any fatty alcohol in which the hydroxy group is attached to a methylene (CH2) group.


phosphoramidate ester

A phosphoric ester (phosphate) that has an NR2 instead of an OH group.


benzyl bromides

Compounds containing a (bromomethyl)benzene skeleton.


L-canavanine sulfate

An organic sulfate salt obtained by combining L-canavanine with one molar equivalent of sulfuric acid.


phenols

Organic aromatic compounds having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a benzene or other arene ring.


name: polychlorinated dibenzodioxines and related compounds

description: Organochlorine compounds that are polychlorinated dibenzodioxines and structurally related entities that are persistant organic pollutants. These include polychlorinated dibenzofurans as well as polychlorinated and polybrominated biphenyls  They vary widely in their toxicity, but their toxic mode of action is through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.


aluminium sulfate

Any inorganic sulfate salt resulting from the formal condensation of aluminium hydroxide with 1.5 mol eq. of sulfuric acid.


tyramines

Aralkylamino compounds which contain a tyramine skeleton.


organobromine compound

A compound containing at least one carbon-bromine bond.


nitrophenol

Any member of the class of  phenols or substituted phenols carrying  at least 1 nitro group.


diol

A compound that contains two hydroxy groups, generally assumed to be, but not necessarily, alcoholic. Aliphatic diols are also called glycols.


bromophenol

A halophenol that is any phenol containing one or more covalently bonded bromine atoms.


sodium nitrite

An inorganic sodium salt having nitrite as the counterion. Used as a food preservative and antidote to cyanide poisoning.


neamine sulfate

An aminoglycoside sulfate salt that is the sulfate salt of neamine; a component of neomycin sulfate.


sulfamidate

A compound where an oxygen atom and an amino group are bound to an SO2 unit.


amino alcohol

An alcohol containing an amino functional group in addition to the alcohol-defining hydroxy group.


phenolic donor

Any phenol that acts as an electron donor.


halide

Any heteroatomic molecular entity that is a chemical compound of halogen with other chemical elements.


A dinitroglycerol that is glycerol in which both of the primary hydroxy groups have been converted to the corresponding nitrate estes.


alkylbenzene

A  monocyclic arene that is benzene substituted with one or more alkyl groups.


glycol

A diol in which the two hydroxy groups are on different carbon atoms, usually but not necessarily adjacent.


lithium sulfate

A metal sulfate in which the counterion is lithium and the ratio of lithium to sulfate is 2:1.


alkyl alcohol

An aliphatic alcohol in which the aliphatic alkane chain is substituted by a hydroxy group at unspecified position.


sulfamides

Compounds where two amino groups are bound to an SO2 unit.


oxoacid

A compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons).


lipid hydroperoxide

Any lipid carrying one or more hydroperoxy substituents.


allylic alcohol

An alcohol where the hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon atom adjacent to a double bond (R groups may be H, organyl, etc.).


hydroxychrysene

A member of the class of phenols that has a chrysene skeleton which is substituted by one of more hydroxy groups.


metal sulfate

Sulfate salts where the cation is a metal ion.


phenylethanolamines

An ethanolamine compound having a phenyl (substituted or unsubstituted) group on the carbon bearing the hydroxy substituent.


VORAPAXAR SULFATE

An organic sulfate salt obtained by combining vorapaxar with one molar equivalent of sulfuric acid. A protease-activated receptor-1 antagonist used for the reduction of thrombotic cardiovascular events in patients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) or with peripheral arterial disease. It has been shown to reduce the rate of a combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, stroke and urgent coronary revascularisation.


ferrous sulfate

A compound of iron and sulfate in which the ratio of iron(2+) to sulfate ions is 1:1. Various hydrates occur naturally - most commonly the heptahydrate, which loses water to form the tetrahydrate at 57degreeC and the monohydrate at 65degreeC.


addition compound

An addition compound contains two or more simpler compounds that can be packed in a definite ratio into a crystal. The term covers donor-acceptor complexes (adducts) and a variety of lattice compounds.


escitalopram hydrobromide

A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile hydrobromide resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of escitalopram and hydrogen bromide.


resorcinols

Any benzenediol in which the two hydroxy groups are meta to one another.


organic sulfate

Compounds of the general formula SO3HOR where R is an organyl group


boric acids

Hydroxy boron compounds of general formula BxOyHz.


acyl halide

A compound consisting of an acyl group bonded to halogen.


NEOSTIGMINE BROMIDE

The bromide salt of neostigmine.


acyl fluoride

A compound consisting of an acyl group bonded to fluorine.


hydrides

Hydrides are chemical compounds of hydrogen with other chemical elements.


orciprenaline sulfate

A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-orciprenaline sulfate. Used to relax the airway muscles and improve breathing for patients suffering from asthma or bronchitis.


AMEZINIUM METILSULFATE

An azaheterocycle sulfate salt of amezinium. It is a sympathomimetic drug which suppresses noradrenaline reuptake and thereby elevating blood pressure. It is used for the treatment of low blood pressure in patients undergoing dialysis.


VORTIOXETINE HYDROBROMIDE

A hydrobromide obtained by combining vortioxetine with one molar equivalent of hydrobromic acid. Used for treatment of major depressive disorder.


organosulfonic acid

An organic derivative of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon.


ribostamycin sulfate

An aminoglycoside sulfate salt resulting from the reaction of ribostamycin  with sulfuric acid.


hydrobromide

Salts formally resulting from the reaction of hydrobromic acid with an organic base.


(R)-citalopram hydrobromide

A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile hydrobromide resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and hydrogen bromide.


peroxides

Compounds of structure ROOR'.


halohydrocarbon

A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom.


thallium sulfate

A metal sulfate in which the counterion is thallium  and the ratio of thallium to sulfate is 2:1. It is a rodenticide used to control rats, squirrels, mice, moles, prairie dogs, ants and cockroaches. It is no longer registered for pesticide use in the United States.


copper(II) sulfate

A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion.


enol

Alkenols; the term refers specifically to vinylic alcohols, which have the structure HOCR'=CR2. Enols are tautomeric with aldehydes (R' = H) or ketones (R' =/= H).


hexahydroxyflavone

Members of the class of hydroxyflavone that is  flavone substituted by 6 hydroxy groups.


DARIFENACIN HYDROBROMIDE

The hydrobromide salt of darifenacin.  A selective antagonist for the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which is primarily responsible for bladder muscle contractions, it is used in the management of urinary incontinence.


manganese(II) sulfate

A metal sulfate in which the metal component is manganese in the +2 oxidation state.


brominated flame retardant

Any organobromine compound that is used as a flame retardant. These chemicals are widely incorporated as additives in consumer products such as electronics, vehicles, polyurethane foams etc, to make them less flammable.


hydroxypolyether

A hydroxyether compound containing more than one ether group.


bromohydrocarbon

A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing a hydrogen atom with a bromine atom.


hydroxyflavone

Any flavone in which one or more ring hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy groups.


organic hydroxy compound

An organic compound having at least one hydroxy group attached to a carbon atom.


short-chain primary fatty alcohol

Any primary fatty alcohol with a chain length less than 6 carbons.


tertiary allylic alcohol

An allylic alcohol in which the carbon atom that links the double bond to the hydroxy group is also attached to two other carbons (R4,R5 =/= H).


NIROGACESTAT HYDROBROMIDE

A hydrobromide salt obtained by reaction of nirogacestat with two equivalents of hydrobromic acid.


dibromophenol

A bromophenol that consists of phenol bearing two bromo substituents at unspecified positions.


bismuth subsalicylate

A bismuth salt of salicylic acid.


hydroquinones

Benzenediols that have the hydroxy substituents in the 1- and 4-positions.


tertiary alcohol

A tertiary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has three other carbon atoms attached to it.


resveratrol

A stilbenol that is stilbene in which the phenyl groups are substituted at positions 3, 5, and 4' by hydroxy groups.


cyclohexanols

An alcohol in which one or more hydroxy groups are attached to a cyclohexane skeleton.


barium carbonate

An inorganic carbonate salt of barium.


quinine sulfate

A organic sulfate salt obtained from guanethidine and sulfuric acid in a 2:1 ratio.


haloalkane

A halohydrocarbon that is an alkane in which at least one hydrogen atom has been replaced by with a halogen atom.


PHOSPHONIC ACID

A phosphorus oxoacid that consists of a single pentavalent phosphorus covalently bound via single bonds to a single hydrogen and two hydroxy groups and via a double bond to an oxygen. The parent of the class of phosphonic acids.


chromium(III) sulfate

A compound of chromium and sulfate in which the ratio of chromium (in the +3 oxidation state) to sulfate is 2:3


hydroxyether

Any ether carrying a hydroxy group at unspecified position.


hydrocarbon

A compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only.


flutropium bromide

The organic bromide salt of flutropium. It is used in Japan for the treatment asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.


(S)-SKF 38393 hydrobromide

A hydrobromide obtained by combining (S)-SKF 38393 with one molar equivalent of hydrogen bromide.


tertiary amine oxide

An N-oxide where there are three organic groups bonded to the nitrogen atom.


alkenyl alcohol

Any aliphatic alcohol in which the carbon chain contains one or more olefinic bonds.


N-acylethanolamine

An ethanolamine substituted at nitrogen by an acyl group.


gallotannin

A class of hydrolysable tannins obtained by condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid (and its polymeric derivatives) with the hydroxy groups of a monosaccharide (most commonly glucose).


A mononitrophenol that is 2-nitrophenol and its derivatives resulting from substitution of one or more of the hydrogens attached to the benzene ring by a non-nitro group.


main-group coordination entity

A coordination entity in which the central atom to which the ligands are attached comes from groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, or 18 of the periodic table.


oligosaccharide sulfate

Any  carbohydrate sulfate that is an oligosaccharide carrying at least one O-sulfo substituent.


lithium bromide

A lithium salt in which the counterion is bromide. The anhydrous salt forms cubic crystals similar to common salt.


cresol

A hydroxytoluene that consists of toluene carrying a single hydroxy substituent at any position. A 'closed class'.


secondary alcohol

A secondary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has two other carbon atoms attached to it.


ellagitannin

A form of hydrolysable tannin produced from ellagic acid. Ellagitannins are glucosides which are readily hydrolysed by water to regenerate ellagic acid when the plants are eaten.


alkanesulfonic acid

Organic derivatives of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon of an alkyl group.


mononitrophenol

A nitrophenol that is phenol carrying a single nitro substituent at unspecified position.


An azide carrying a (3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)acetyl substituent.


ferric sulfate

A compound of iron and sulfate in which the ratio of iron(3+) to sulfate ions is 3:2.


polyol

A compound that contains two or more hydroxy groups.


peroxol

Monosubstitution products of hydrogen peroxide HOOH, having the skeleton ROOH, in which R is any organyl group.


ethyl nile blue A

The sulfate salt of ethyl nile blue.


dibromobenzene

Any member of the class of bromobenzenes that consists of a benzene or a substituted benzene ring carrying two bromo groups at unspecified positions.


A resorcinol compound having an alkatrienyl substituent at the 5-position.


alum

An aluminium sulfate that contains no water of crystallisation.


A phenol having the structure of stilbene with a hydroxy function at C-4 of one of the phenyl rings; the stereochemistry across the alkene bond is not specified.


primary allylic alcohol

An allylic alcohol in which the carbon atom that links the double bond to the hydroxy group is also attached to two hydrogens.


phosphorus oxoacid

A pnictogen oxoacid which contains phosphorus and oxygen, at least one hydrogen atom bound to oxygen, and forms an ion by the loss of one or more protons.


C-terminal boronic acid peptide

A member of the class of boronic acids that is any peptide in which the carboxy group at the C-terminus has been replaced by a borono (-B(OH)2) group.


coordination entity

An assembly consisting of a central atom (usually metallic) to which is attached a surrounding array of other groups of atoms (ligands).


sulfuric ester

An ester of an alcohol and sulfuric acid.


acetylenes

Acyclic (branched or unbranched) and cyclic (with or without side chain) hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds.


alditol

A carbohydrate that is an acyclic polyol having the general formula HOCH2[CH(OH)]nCH2OH (formally derivable from an aldose by reduction of the carbonyl group).


hydroxides

Hydroxides are chemical compounds containing a hydroxy group or salts containing hydroxide (OH(-)).


organic peroxide

Compounds of structure ROOR' in which R and R' are organic groups.


arylacetylene

An acetylene with the general formula R(1)-C#C-R(2) where at least one of R(1) or R(2) is an aryl group.


aromatic alcohol

Any alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.


bromobisphenol

A bisphenol substituted by at least one bromo group and its derivatives.


phosphoric acids

Compounds containing one or more phosphoric acid units.


haloarene

A compound derived from an arene by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom.


octadienol

A primary alcohol that is octanol consisting of two double bonds at unspecified positions.


A norlignan that is pentane-1,4-diene in which a hydrogen at position 1 and a hydrogen at position 3 are replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups. The isomer in which the 1,2-disubstituted double bond has Z configuration is known as nyasol; the corresponding E isomer is hinokiresinol.


NAN 190 hydrobromide

A hydrobromide obtained by reaction of NAN 190 with one equivalent of hydrobromic acid.


monohydroxyflavone

A hydroxyflavone carrying a single hydroxy substituent.


polyene antibiotic

A family of antibiotics containing a conjugated polyene moiety, usuallly isolated from some species of Streptomyces.


sulfites

Any sulfurous acid derivative that is a salt or an ester of sulfurous acid.


organohalogen compound

A compound containing at least one carbon-halogen bond (where X is a halogen atom).


long chain primary alcohol

A primary alcohol with a chain length ranging from 13-22 carbons which is usually but not always a fatty alcohol.


sulfurous acid derivative

Any sulfur oxoacid derivative derived from sulfurous acid.


pentol

A  polyol with five hydroxy groups.


bisphenol

By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom.


fatty alcohol

An aliphatic alcohol consisting of a chain of 3 to greater than 27 carbon atoms. Fatty alcohols may be saturated or unsaturated and may be branched or unbranched.


hydroxybiphenyls

Any member of the class of biphenyls that has one or more hydroxy groups attached to the benzenoid ring system.


acetate salt

Any salt prepared using acetic acid as the acid component.


oxide

An oxide is a chemical compound of oxygen with other chemical elements.


A hydrobromide salt prepared from N-allyl-6-chloro-1-(3-methylphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol and one equivalent of hydrogen bromide. High affinity, selective dopamine D1-like receptor agonist. Ki values are 3.2, 3.1, 186, 66, 335, 1167, 1251 and 1385 nM at recombinant D1, D5, D2, D3, D4, 5-HT2A, alpha1A and alpha1B receptors respectively. Stimulates adenylyl cyclase (EC50 = 65 nM) but not phosphoinositide hydrolysis. Induces extreme arousal and hyperlocomotion following subcutaneous administration in monkeys.


N-sulfonylurea

A urea in which one of the hydrogens attached to a nitrogen of the urea group is replaced by a sulfonyl group. The N-sulfonylurea moiety is a key group in various herbicides, as well as in a number of antidiabetic drugs used in the management of type 2 diabetis mellitus.


GUANETHIDINE MONOSULFATE

A organic sulfate salt obtained from guanethidine and sulfuric acid in a 1:1 ratio.


hydrolysable tannin

A tannin that yields gallic or ellagic acids upon acid hydrolysis.


GUANADREL SULFATE

An organic sulfate salt resulting from the reaction of 2 eq. guanadrel with 1 eq. sulfuric acid. A postganglionic adrenergic blocking agent formerly used for the management of hypertension, it has been largely superseded by other drugs less likely to cause orthostatic hypotension (dizzy spells on standing up or stretching).


sulfonamide

An amide of a sulfonic acid RS(=O)2NR'2.


beryllium sulfate

A metal sulfate in which the metal is beryllium (in the +2 oxidation state) and the ratio of beryllium  to sulfate is 1:1.


cobalt(2+) sulfate

A compound of cobalt and sulfate in which the ratio of cobalt (+2 oxidation state) to sulfate is 1:1.


triol

A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.


stilbenol

Any  stilbenoid with at least one phenolic group.


heteroaryl hydroxy compound

Any organic aromatic compound having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a heteroarene ring.


barium sulfate

A metal sulfate with formula BaO4S. Virtually insoluble in water at room temperature, it is mostly used as a component in oil well drilling fluid it occurs naturally as the mineral barite.


(R)-SKF 38393 hydrobromide

A hydrobromide obtained by combining (R)-SKF 38393 with one molar equivalent of hydrogen bromide.


olefin

Acyclic and cyclic hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, apart from the formal ones in aromatic compounds. The class olefins subsumes alkenes and cycloalkenes and the corresponding polyenes.


peroxy acid

An acid in which an acidic -OH  group has been replaced by an -OOH  group.


monocyclic arene

A monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.


annulene

A mancude monocyclic hydrocarbon without side chains of the general formula CnHn (n is an even number) or CnHn+1 (n is an odd number). In systematic nomenclature an annulene with seven or more carbon atoms may be named [n]annulene, where n is the number of carbon atoms.


bromobenzenes

A member of the class of benzenes that is benzene substituted by at least one bromo group.


An organic bromide salt having 9-benzyl-2-butyl-9H-beta-carbolin-2-ium as the counterion


isourea

A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.


arene

Any monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.