name: generation of catalytic spliceosome for second transesterification step

description: Conformational rearrangement of the spliceosomal complex containing the RNA products from the 1st step of splicing to form the catalytic site for the second step of splicing.


post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A spliceosomal complex that is formed following the release of the spliced product from the post-spliceosomal complex and contains the excised intron and three snRNPs, either U2 or U12, U5, and either U6 or U6atac.


U2-type catalytic step 2 spliceosome

description: A spliceosomal complex that contains the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs bound to a splicing intermediate in which the first catalytic cleavage of the 5' splice site has occurred. The precise subunit composition differs significantly from that of the catalytic step 1, or activated, spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs.


U2-type catalytic step 1 spliceosome

description: A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the displacement of the U1 and U4 snRNPs from the precatalytic spliceosome; the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs remain associated with the mRNA. This complex, sometimes called the activated spliceosome, is the catalytically active form of the spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U2, and U5 and U6 snRNPs.


name: first spliceosomal transesterification activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Catalysis of the first transesterification reaction of spliceosomal mRNA splicing. The intron branch site adenosine is the nucleophile attacking the 5' splice site, resulting in cleavage at this position. In cis splicing, this is the step that forms a lariat structure of the intron RNA, while it is still joined to the 3' exon.


intronic box C/D snoRNA processing

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process involved in the conversion of a primary box C/D type small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) transcript that resides within, and is processed from, the intron of a pre-mRNA into a mature box C/D snoRNA.


name: nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, RNase MRP-dependent

description: A minor MRP-dependent nuclear-transcribed mRNA degradation pathway that begins with an endonucleolytic cleavage to generate unprotected ends.


name: regulation of mitotic sister chromatid segregation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid segregation during mitosis.


name: formation of cytoplasmic translation initiation complex

description: Joining of the large ribosomal subunit with the translation preinitiation complex, with release of IF2/eIF2 and IF3/eIF3 or IF5B/eIF5B. This leaves the functional ribosome at the AUG, with the methionyl/formyl-methionyl-tRNA positioned at the P site.


eukaryotic 43S preinitiation complex

description: A protein complex composed of the 40S ribosomal subunit plus eIF1, eIF1A, eIF3, eIF5, and eIF2-GTP-bound methionyl-initiator methionine tRNA.


translation reinitiation

description: A gene-specific translational control mechanism where the small ribosomal subunit remains attached to the mRNA following termination of translation, then resumes scanning on the same mRNA molecule and initiates again at a downstream start site. Reinitiation depends on de novo recruitment of the ternary complex that is required to recognize the next AUG codon.


name: formation of translation initiation ternary complex

description: Formation of a complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2 (either eIF2 in eukaryotes, or IF2 in prokaryotes). In prokaryotes, fMet-tRNA (initiator) is used rather than Met-tRNA (initiator).


cytochrome c-heme linkage

description: The linkage of cytochromes and other heme proteins to heme.


holocytochrome-c synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: holocytochrome c = apocytochrome c + heme.


name: establishment of protein localization to plasma membrane

description: The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in a plasma membrane.


outer plaque of spindle pole body

description: One of three laminate structures that form the spindle pole body; the outer plaque is in the cytoplasm.


mitotic spindle astral microtubule end

description: Any microtubule end that is part of a mitotic spindle astral microtubule.


microtubule lateral binding

description: Binding to the side of a microtubule.


name: gamma-tubulin complex localization to cytoplasmic side of mitotic spindle pole body

description: Any process in which a gamma-tubulin complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location at the cytoplasmic side of the mitotic spindle pole body.


name: astral microtubule anchoring at mitotic spindle pole body

description: Any process in which an astral microtubule is maintained in a specific location in a cell by attachment to a mitotic spindle pole body. Microtubules attach to spindle pole bodies at the minus end.


name: gamma-tubulin complex localization to nuclear side of mitotic spindle pole body

description: Any process in which a gamma-tubulin complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location at the nuclear side of the mitotic spindle pole body.


FAD transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the directed movement of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) from one side of a membrane to the other. FAD forms the coenzyme of the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in which it functions as an electron acceptor by being reversibly converted to its reduced form.


FAD transport

description: The directed movement of flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. FAD forms the coenzyme of the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes, in which it functions as an electron acceptor by being reversibly converted to its reduced form.


acetate fermentation

description: The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetate, yielding energy in the form of ATP.


N-acyl-L-amino acid

Any N-acylamino acid having L-configuration.


name: ubiquitin-dependent glycoprotein ERAD pathway

description: An ERAD pathway whereby endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident glycoproteins are targeted for degradation. Includes differential processing of the glycoprotein sugar chains, retrotranslocation to the cytosol and degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. A glycoprotein is a compound in which a carbohydrate component is covalently bound to a protein component.


Pip2-Oaf1 complex

description: A heterodimeric complex consisting of Zn(2)Cys(6) containing transcription factors Pip2 and Oaf1. It binds to the oleate response element (ORE), found in the promoters of fatty acid-inducible genes in Saccharomyces where, in the presence of oleate this bound complex activates the transcription of genes encoding peroxisomal proteins.


name: positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by oleic acid

description: Any process involving oleic acid that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.


(R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reversible reaction: (R,R)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (R)-acetoin + NADH + H+.


butanediol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of butanediol; the biologically relevant isomer is 2,3-butanediol, CH3CH(OH)CH(OH)CH3.


alcohol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom.


glutamate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid.


A dicarboxylic acid monoanion resulting from selective deprotonation of the 1-carboxy group of 2-oxoglutaric acid.


flocculation

description: The reversible, non-sexual aggregation of single-celled organisms in suspension to form aggregates of many cells known as flocs.


name: allantoate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of allantoate from one side of a membrane to the other. Allantoate is the end product of purine metabolism in mammals and some fish, formed form allantoin. It is widely distributed in plants as an important source of stored nitrogen.


retrotransposon nucleocapsid

description: A complex of the retrotransposon RNA genome, reverse transcriptase, integrase, and associated molecules required for reproduction and integration of the retrotransposon into the host genome; the main structural molecule of the nucleocapsid is often a gag protein homolog.


RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). Catalyzes RNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one deoxynucleotide at a time.


regulation of protein desumoylation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein desumoylation. Protein desumoylation is the process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is cleaved from its target protein.


name: positive regulation of ascospore-type prospore membrane formation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of formation of an ascospore-type prospore membrane.


name: negative regulation of protein localization to mitotic spindle pole body

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to mitotic spindle pole body.


meiotic anaphase II

description: The cell cycle phase during which chromosomes separate and migrate towards the poles of the spindle the as part of meiosis II.


nuclear division

description: The division of a cell nucleus into two nuclei, with DNA and other nuclear contents distributed between the daughter nuclei.


SLAC complex

description: A protein complex that regulates Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation.


HIR complex

description: A protein complex proposed to be involved in replication-independent nucleosome assembly, by promoting histone deposition onto DNA. For example, in Saccharomyces, the complex contains Hir1p, Hir2p, Hir3p, and Hpc2p.


name: positive regulation of cellular response to drug

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to drug.


name: conversion of methionyl-tRNA to N-formyl-methionyl-tRNA

description: The modification process that results in the conversion of methionine charged on a tRNA(fMet) to N-formyl-methionine-tRNA(fMet).


name: RNA polymerase I transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

description: Binding to a specific sequence of DNA that is part of a regulatory region that controls the transcription of a gene or cistron by RNA polymerase I.


RNA polymerase I core factor complex

description: A RNA polymerase I-specific transcription factor complex that is required for the transcription of rDNA by RNA polymerase I. In yeast the complex consists of Rrn6p, Rrn7p, and Rrn11p.


name: RNA polymerase I general transcription initiation factor activity

description: A general transcription initiation factor activity that contributes to transcription start site selection and transcription initiation of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase I. Factors required for RNA polymerase I transcription initiation include upstream activation factor (UAF), core factor (CF), TATA binding protein (TBP) and RRN3. In all species characterized, RNA polymerase I transcribes a large polycistronic transcript that is processed into several mature rRNAs (3 or 4 depending on the species), including the large subunit rRNA (28S in humans), the small subunit rRNA (18S in humans), as well as one or two additional smaller rRNAs (the 5.8S rRNA in humans). In most species, this large rRNA transcript is the sole product of RNA polymerase I. However there are rare exceptions, such as Trypanosoma brucei, where RNA polymerase I also transcribes certain mRNAs.


signal sequence binding

description: Binding to a signal sequence, a specific peptide sequence found on protein precursors or mature proteins that dictates where the mature protein is localized.


glycolipid translocation

description: The translocation, or flipping, of glycolipid molecules from one monolayer of a membrane bilayer to the opposite monolayer.


name: carbon catabolite activation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

description: Any process involving carbon catabolites that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.


Tec1p-Ste12p-Dig1p complex

description: A multiprotein complex that is involved in the transcriptional regulation of primarily filamentation genes, but also mating genes, in the yeast S. cerevisiae.


U6 snRNP

description: A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U6, the Lsm2-8 heptameric ring complex, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U6 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U6 snRNA both while the U6 snRNP is free or assembled into the U4/U6 snRNP or into a series of spliceosomal complexes.


Lsm1-7-Pat1 complex

description: A conserved, heteroheptameric, cytoplasmic protein complex composed of Lsm1, Lsm2, Lsm3, Lsm4, Lsm5, Lsm6, Lsm7, and Pat1, or orthologs thereof, that shows a strong binding preference for oligoadenylated RNAs over polyadenylated RNAs. May bind further associated proteins. Facilitates the deadenylation-dependent decapping of mRNA in the P-body thereby regulating mRNA decay and subsequent degradation by the 5' to 3' pathway.


name: positive regulation of pseudohyphal growth by positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pseudohyphal growth by activating or increasing the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.


polar microtubule

description: Any of the spindle microtubules that come from each pole and overlap at the spindle midzone. This interdigitating structure consisting of antiparallel microtubules is responsible for pushing the poles of the spindle apart.


name: RNA polymerase I upstream activating factor complex

description: A complex required for the transcription of rDNA by RNA polymerase I. In yeast the complex consists of Rrrn5p, Rrn9p, Rrn10p, histones H3 and H4, and Uaf30p.


name: RNA polymerase I cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

description: Binding to a specific upstream regulatory DNA sequence (transcription factor recognition sequence or binding site) located in cis relative to the transcription start site (i.e., on the same strand of DNA) of a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase I. RNA polymerase I elements are referred to either enhancers or upstream control element (UCE, or alternately referred to as the upstream element).


cyclohydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a cyclic amidine, a compound of the form R-C(=NH)-NH2, in a reaction that involves the opening of a ring.


riboflavin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of riboflavin (vitamin B2), the precursor for the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).


cytoophidium

description: A subcellular filamentary structure where CTP synthase is compartmentalized in a range of organisms including bacteria, yeast, fruit fly, rat and human.


name: pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases.


CTP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CTP, cytidine 5'-triphosphate.


name: positive regulation of DNA metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving DNA.


HDEL sequence binding

description: Binding to a HDEL sequence, the C terminus tetrapeptide sequence His-Asp-Glu-Leu found in proteins that are to be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum.


name: uridine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of uridine, uracil riboside, from one side of a membrane to the other.


uridine transmembrane transport

description: The directed movement of uridine, uracil riboside, across a lipid bilayer, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


actin cortical patch organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level and results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an actin cortical patch, a discrete actin-containing structure found at the plasma membrane in cells, at sites of endocytosis.


vesicle fusion with Golgi apparatus

description: The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane around the Golgi.


name: fungal-type cell wall chitin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cell wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of P-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of fungal cells.


chitosome

description: An intracellular membrane-bounded particle found in fungi and containing chitin synthase; it synthesizes chitin microfibrils. Chitin synthase activity exists in chitosomes and they are proposed to act as a reservoir for regulated transport of chitin synthase enzymes to the division septum.


name: positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidylinositol.


name: ribose phosphate diphosphokinase complex

description: A protein complex having ribose phosphate diphosphokinase activity.


description: A protein complex that possesses glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase activity, and therefore creates Gln-tRNA by amidating Glu-tRNA; usually composed of 3 subunits: A, B, and C. Note that the C subunit may not be required in all organisms.


name: glutaminyl-tRNA synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamine + glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) + ATP = L-glutamate + glutaminyl-tRNA(Gln) + phosphate + ADP.


name: glutaminyl-tRNAGln biosynthesis via transamidation

description: A tRNA aminoacylation process in which glutaminyl-tRNAGln is formed by a tRNA-dependent two-step pathway. In the first step a non-discriminating glutamyl-tRNAGlx synthetase generates the misacylated L-glutamyl-tRNAGln species, and in the second step it is amidated to the correctly charged L-glutaminyl-tRNAGln by a glutamyl-tRNAGln amidotransferase.


name: oligosaccharide-lipid intermediate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an oligosaccharide-lipid intermediate, such as a molecule of dolichol-P-man or dolicol-P-Glc used in N-linked glycosylation.


nuclear pore inner ring

description: A subcomplex of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) that forms the inner rings of the core scaffold, a lattice-like structure that gives the NPC its shape and strength. In S. cerevisiae, the two inner rings are each composed of Nup192p, Nup188p, Nup170p and Nup157p. In vertebrates, the two inner rings are each composed of Nup205, Nup188 and Nup155. Components are arranged in 8-fold symmetrical 'spokes' around the central transport channel. A single 'spoke', can be isolated and is sometimes referred to as the Nup170 complex.


name: RNA polymerase II sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor recruiting activity

description: The function of binding to a specific DNA sequence and recruiting another transcription factor to the DNA in order to modulate transcription. The recruited factor may bind DNA directly, or may be colocalized via protein-protein interactions.


name: 5-amino-1-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of 5-amino-1-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide from one side of a membrane to the other.


description: The process in which 5-amino-1-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide is transported across a membrane.


basic amino acid transport

description: The directed movement of basic amino acids, amino acids with a pH above 7, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase complex

description: A protein complex which is capable of dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase activity.


name: dehydrodolichyl diphosphate synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the condensation of isopentenyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate in the cis-configuration to form dehydrodolichyl diphosphate.


prospore septin filament array

description: Arrays of septin filaments, or bars, found in a series of filamentous structures; observed in the prospore membrane during spore formation.


endocytic patch

description: The part of the cell cortex consisting of an aggregation of proteins that will give rise to an endocytic vesicle.


mannosyltransferase complex

description: A complex that possesses mannosyltransferase activity.


glutamate decarboxylation to succinate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of succinate from glutamate. Also known as GABA (gamma-aminobutyrate) shunt since it channels glutamate into the TCA cycle bypassing two steps of that cycle. There are three enzymes involved in the GABA shunt: glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), GABA aminotransferase (GABA-TA), and succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH). These three enzymes acting in concert to convert glutamate into succinate. The GABA shunt is predominantly associated with neurotransmission in the mammalian brain. It is also present in nonneuronal cells, in plants, in unicellular eukaryotes, and in prokaryotes.


name: fluconazole transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of fluconazole from one side of a membrane to the other. Fluconazole is an antifungal drug used for oral candidiasis and cryptococcal meningitis; it is still under study for treatment of vaginal candidiasis and other fungal infections.


name: ADP-ribosyl-[dinitrogen reductase] hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-ribosyl-[dinitrogen reductase] = adenosine diphosphate ribose + [dinitrogen reductase].


name: uracil:monoatomic cation symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: uracil(out) + cation(out) = uracil(in) + cation(in).


uracil transport

description: The directed movement of uracil, 2,4-dioxopyrimidine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


5S rRNA binding

description: Binding to a 5S ribosomal RNA, the smallest RNA constituent of a ribosome.


ribonuclease P RNA binding

description: Binding to RNA subunit of ribonuclease P.


name: Golgi to plasma membrane transport vesicle

description: A transport vesicle that mediates transport from the Golgi to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis.


phosphatidylserine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylserines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of L-serine. They are important constituents of cell membranes.


pyridoxal 5'-phosphate salvage

description: Any process that generates pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.


chitin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues.


name: mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase, central stalk

description: One of two stalks that connect the catalytic core of the hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase to the mitochondrial membrane-associated F0 proteins; rotates within the catalytic core during catalysis.


2-alkenal reductase [NAD(P)+] activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: n-alkanal + NAD(P)+ = alk-2-enal + NAD(P)H + H+.


name: negative regulation of termination of DNA-templated transcription

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of DNA-dependent transcription termination, the process in which transcription is completed; the formation of phosphodiester bonds ceases, the RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, and RNA polymerase releases the DNA.


folic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of folic acid, pteroylglutamic acid.


meiotic DNA replication initiation

description: Any DNA replication initiation involved in meiotic cell cycle DNA replication.


name: negative regulation of clathrin-dependent endocytosis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of clathrin-mediated endocytosis.


wobble position ribose methylation

description: The process in which the ribose base of the nucleotide at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally methylated at the 2'O position.


tRNA 2'-O-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing a 2'-O-nucleotide.


name: cell adhesion involved in single-species biofilm formation

description: The attachment of a cell to a solid substrate, via cell adhesion molecules, during the formation of a biofilm composed of microorganisms of the same species.


name: low-affinity tryptophan transmembrane transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the low-affinity transfer of L-tryptophan from one side of a membrane to the other. Tryptophan is 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.


name: methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NADP+ = 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NADPH.


snoRNA splicing

description: The process of removing sections of a primary snoRNA transcript to remove sequences not present in the mature form of the snoRNA and joining the remaining sections to form the mature form of the snoRNA.


Elg1 RFC-like complex

description: A pentameric replication factor C (RLC) complex, which unloads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) from chromatin and has roles in telomere length regulation and other aspects of genome stability. In Saccharomyces the subunits are known as Elg1p, Rfc2p, Rfc3p, Rfc4p, and Rfc5p.


Rad17 RFC-like complex

description: A pentameric protein complex related to replication factor C, which loads a trimeric complex of checkpoint proteins (known as the checkpoint clamp or 9-1-1 complex) onto DNA at damage sites; functions in DNA damage cell cycle checkpoints. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe the subunits are known as Rad17, Rfc2, Rfc3, Rfc4, and Rfc5, while in Saccharomyces cerevisiae the subunits are known as Rad24p, Rfc2p, Rfc3p, Rfc4p, and Rfc5p.


DNA replication factor C complex

description: A complex that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase. In eukaryotes the complex consists of five polypeptides.


PCNA complex

description: A protein complex composed of three identical PCNA monomers, each comprising two similar domains, which are joined in a head-to-tail arrangement to form a homotrimer. Forms a ring-like structure in solution, with a central hole sufficiently large to accommodate the double helix of DNA. Originally characterized as a DNA sliding clamp for replicative DNA polymerases and as an essential component of the replisome, and has also been shown to be involved in other processes including Okazaki fragment processing, DNA repair, translesion DNA synthesis, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and cell cycle regulation.


meiotic mismatch repair

description: A system for the identification and correction of base-base mismatches, small insertion-deletion loops, and regions of heterology that are present in duplex DNA formed with strands from two recombining molecules. Correction of the mismatch can result in non-Mendelian segregation of alleles following meiosis.


name: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class III, type I

description: A class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that is involved in autophagy. In budding yeast, this complex consists of Vps30p, Vps34p, Apg14p and Vps15p.


name: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class III, type II

description: A class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that is involved in vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) via endosomes. In budding yeast, this complex consists of Vps30p, Vps34p, Vps38 and Vps15p.


Set3 complex

description: A histone deacetylase complex that is involved in transcriptional regulation. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of Set3p, Snt1p, Hos4p, Sif2p, Cpr1p, Hos2p, and Hst1p.


exocyst localization

description: Any process in which an exocyst is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. An exocyst is a protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse.


name: maintenance of meiotic sister chromatid cohesion

description: The process in which the association between sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome is maintained as chromosomes condense, attach to the spindle in a bipolar orientation, and congress to the metaphase plate during a meiotic cell cycle.


beta-1,4-mannosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a mannose residue to an oligosaccharide, forming a beta-(1->4) linkage.


ribose phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar.


regulation of membrane tubulation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of membrane tubulation.


cell budding

description: A form of asexual reproduction, occurring in certain bacteria and fungi (e.g. yeasts) and some primitive animals in which an individual arises from a daughter cell formed by pinching off a part of the parent cell. The budlike outgrowths so formed may sometimes remain attached to the parent cell.


MIH complex

description: A trimeric complex involved in cytokinesis. Proposed to bridge actomyosin ring contraction and septum synthesis in yeast, resulting in the coordination of these processes, and leading to plasma membrane ingression and fusion. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae this complex consists of Mlc1p, Iqg1p and Hof1p proteins.


myosin II light chain binding

description: Binding to a light chain of a myosin II complex.


myosin II heavy chain binding

description: Binding to a heavy chain of a myosin II complex.


name: regulation of mitotic actomyosin contractile ring contraction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic actomyosin contractile ring contraction.


name: mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly actin filament organization

description: Any actin filament organization that is involved in mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly.


name: protein localization to cell division site involved in mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly

description: Any protein localization to cell division site that is involved in mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly.


name: maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during transcription elongation by RNA polymerase III

description: Suppression of the occurrence of transcriptional errors, such as substitutions and/or insertions of nucleotides that do not correctly match the template base, during the process of transcription elongation from a RNA polymerase III promoter.


name: NAD-independent histone deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone N6-acetyl-L-lysine + H2O = histone L-lysine + acetate. This reaction does not require the presence of NAD, and represents the removal of an acetyl group from a histone.


P-type sodium transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out); by a phosphorylative mechanism.


name: nucleotide-excision repair factor 4 complex

description: One of several protein complexes involved in nucleotide-excision repair; possesses DNA damage recognition and DNA-dependent ATPase activities. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad7p and Rad16p.


name: single-strand break-containing DNA binding

description: Binding to damaged DNA containing single-strand breaks (SSBs).


elongin complex

description: A transcription elongation factor complex that suppresses RNA polymerase II pausing, and may act by promoting proper alignment of the 3'-end of nascent transcripts with the polymerase catalytic site. Consists of a transcriptionally active Elongin A subunit (about 100 kDa) and two smaller Elongin B (about 18 kDa) and Elongin C (about 15 kDa) subunits.


sno(s)RNA transcription

description: The synthesis of snoRNA class RNA (also referred to as sRNA in Archaea) from a DNA template.


name: lysine biosynthetic process via aminoadipic acid

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine by the aminoadipic pathway.


U1 snRNP

description: A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U1, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U1 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U1 snRNA both while the U1 snRNP is free or assembled into a series of spliceosomal complexes.


U2-type prespliceosome

description: A spliceosomal complex that is formed by association of the 5' splice site with the U1 snRNP, while the branch point sequence is recognized by the U2 snRNP. The prespliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U1 and U2 snRNPs. Commitment to a given pair of 5' and 3' splice sites occurs at the time of prespliceosome formation.


commitment complex

description: A spliceosomal complex that is formed by association of the U1 snRNP with the 5' splice site of an unspliced intron in an RNA transcript.


pre-mRNA 5'-splice site binding

description: Binding to a pre-mRNA 5' splice site sequence.


name: alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase complex (UDP-forming)

description: A protein complex that possesses alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming) and trehalose-phosphatase activities, and thus catalyzes two reactions in trehalose biosynthesis. In the complex identified in Saccharomyces, Tps1p has alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming) activity, Tps2p has trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase activity; Tps3p is a regulatory subunit, and an additional subunit, Tsl1p, may be present.


cellular response to desiccation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a desiccation stimulus, extreme dryness resulting from the prolonged deprivation of water.


name: negative regulation of 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate biosynthetic process.


name: positive regulation of polyamine transmembrane transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of polyamine transmembrane transport.


name: positive regulation of (R)-carnitine transmembrane transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of (R)-carnitine transmembrane transport.


Cbp3p-Cbp6 complex

description: A protein complex located at the mitochondrial ribosome tunnel exit that is involved in efficient translation and protein complex assembly.


Mon1-Ccz1 complex

description: A protein complex that functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) and converts Rab-GDP to Rab-GTP. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of at least Mon1 and Ccz1, and serves as a GEF for the Rab Ypt7p.


vesicle docking

description: The initial attachment of a transport vesicle membrane to the target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane. Docking requires only that the two membranes come close enough for these proteins to interact and adhere.


name: negative regulation of mitotic spindle pole body separation

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the process involving the release of duplicated mitotic spindle pole bodies (SPBs) and their migration away from each other within the nuclear membrane.


name: positive regulation of sphingolipid biosynthetic process

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of sphingolipid biosynthesis. Sphingolipid biosynthesis is the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid).


name: rRNA (adenine) methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing methyladenine.


name: translation release factor activity, codon specific

description: A translation release factor that is specific for one or more particular termination codons; acts at the ribosomal A-site and require polypeptidyl-tRNA at the P-site.


name: organic acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of organic acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Organic acids are acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.


iron import into the mitochondrion

description: The process in which iron is transported from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-amino-6-(5-phosphoribitylamino)uracil + NADP+ = 5-amino-6-(5-phosphoribosylamino)uracil + H+ + NADPH.


name: generation of catalytic spliceosome for first transesterification step

description: Formation of a catalytic spliceosome complex ready to perform the first splicing reaction. This occurs by an ATP-dependent conformational change of the pre-catalytic spliceosome.


glycolytic fermentation to ethanol

description: The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose; it is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide (CO2), producing two molecules of ATP for each molecule of glucose.


name: amino acid catabolic process to alcohol via Ehrlich pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce alcohols with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of alcohols, often collectively referred to as fusel alcohols. Depending on the redox state of the cells, carboxylic acid derivatives may be produced instead of alcohols.


phytochelatin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytochelatins, any of a group of peptides that bind metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg) in thiolate coordination complexes. The structure is of the type (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl)n-glycine, where n is 2 to 11.


name: single-stranded DNA 5'-3' DNA exonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of nucleotides (such as mononucleotides or dinucleotides) from a free 5' terminus of a single-stranded DNA molecule.


name: inositol phosphorylceramide mannosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 1D-myo-inositol-1-phospho-N-[(R)-2-hydroxy-very-long-chain fatty acyl]-(R)-4-hydroxysphingoid base + GDP-alpha-D-mannose = an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1,6)-1D-myo-inositol-1-phospho-N-[(R)-2-hydroxy-very-long-chain fatty acyl]-(R)-4-hydroxysphingoid base + GDP + H+.


name: negative regulation of septum digestion after cytokinesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the process of physically separating the septal cell wall material by enzymatic digestion, that occurs after daughter cells are separated by cytokinesis.


name: positive regulation of septum digestion after cytokinesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process of physically separating the septal cell wall material by enzymatic digestion, that occurs after daughter cells are separated by cytokinesis.


name: prephenate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + prephenate = (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + CO2 + NADH.


tyrosine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.


cupric ion binding

description: Binding to a cupric ion, copper(2+).


peptide catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptides, compounds of 2 or more (but usually less than 100) amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another.


Sec62/Sec63 complex

description: A protein complex involved in the posttranslational targeting of proteins to the ER. In yeast, it is a tetrameric complex consisting of Sec62p, Sec63p, Sec71p and Sec72p.


alcohol O-butanoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: butanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + a butyl ester.


short-chain carboxylesterase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylic anion, where the carboxylic chain has 8 or fewer carbon atoms.


name: medium-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a medium-chain fatty acid. A medium-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 6 to 12 carbons.


name: medium-chain fatty acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a medium-chain fatty acid. A medium-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 6 to 12 carbons.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate = tetrahydrofolate + 2-dehydropantoate.


pantothenate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pantothenate, the anion of pantothenic acid. It is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.


amine transport

description: The directed movement of amines, including polyamines, organic compounds containing one or more amino groups, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


spindle midzone assembly

description: The cell cycle process in which aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle midzone. The spindle midzone is the area in the center of the spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap.


HICS complex

description: A multisubunit complex involved in cytokinesis. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae this complex consists of Sho1p, Hof1p, Inn1p and Cyk3p proteins.


negative regulation of actin nucleation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation, the initial step in the formation of an actin filament in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament.


meiotic joint molecule formation

description: The conversion of the paired broken DNA and homologous duplex DNA into a four-stranded branched intermediate, known as a joint molecule, formed during meiotic recombination. These joint molecules contain Holliday junctions on either side of heteroduplex DNA.


DNA strand invasion

description: The process in which the nucleoprotein complex (composed of the broken single-strand DNA and the recombinase) searches and identifies a region of homology in intact duplex DNA. The broken single-strand DNA displaces the like strand and forms Watson-Crick base pairs with its complement, forming a duplex in which each strand is from one of the two recombining DNA molecules.


CAF-1 complex

description: A conserved heterotrimeric protein complex that promotes histone H3 and H4 deposition onto newly synthesized DNA during replication or DNA repair; specifically facilitates replication-dependent nucleosome assembly with the major histone H3 (H3.1). In many species the CAF-1 subunits are designated p150, p60, and p48.


name: DNA replication-dependent chromatin assembly

description: The formation of nucleosomes on newly synthesized DNA, coupled to strand elongation.


DNA/DNA annealing activity

description: An activity that facilitates the formation of a complementary double-stranded DNA molecule.


DNA recombinase assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) into higher order oligomers on single-stranded DNA.


category: biolink:MacromolecularComplex biolink:MacromolecularMachineMixin biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing


inositol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.


name: RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphoserine binding

description: Binding to phosphorylated serine residues in the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II.


name: RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat--phospho-L-serine/threonine (consensus YSPTSPS) + H2O = RNA polymerase II large subunit + phosphate.


recombinational repair

description: A DNA repair process that involves the exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between the broken DNA molecule and a homologous DNA region.


name: inner mitochondrial membrane organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the mitochondrial inner membrane.


Prp19 complex

description: A protein complex consisting of Prp19 and associated proteins that is involved in the transition from the precatalytic spliceosome to the activated form that catalyzes step 1 of splicing, and which remains associated with the spliceosome through the second catalytic step. It is widely conserved, found in both yeast and mammals, though the exact composition varies. In S. cerevisiae, it contains Prp19p, Ntc20p, Snt309p, Isy1p, Syf2p, Cwc2p, Prp46p, Clf1p, Cef1p, and Syf1p.


Golgi calcium ion homeostasis

description: Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within the Golgi apparatus of a cell or between the Golgi and its surroundings.


name: pyrimidine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a pyrimidine nucleotide, any compound consisting of a pyrimidine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


pyrimidine nucleotide transport

description: The directed movement of a pyrimidine nucleotide, any compound consisting of a pyrimidine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate, into, out of or within a cell.


MCM complex binding

description: Binding to an MCM complex.


MCM core complex

description: A protein complex that contains Mcm4, Mcm6, and Mcm7 proteins, and possesses DNA helicase activity. In the heterohexameric MCM complex, the Mcm4/6/7 proteins form a stable core, and Mcm2, Mcm3, and Mcm5 are more peripherally associated.


four-way junction helicase activity

description: Unwinding a DNA helix of DNA containing four-way junctions, including Holliday junctions, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


An organic anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of urea-1-carboxylic acid.


(-)-ureidoglycolate

Conjugate base of (-)-ureidoglycolic acid.


(S)-(+)-allantoin

An optically active form of allantoin having (S)-(+)-configuration.


allantoate

A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the  conjugate base of allantoic acid.


COMA complex

description: A kinetochore multiprotein complex that bridges the subunits that are in contact with centromeric DNA and the subunits bound to microtubules during kinetochore assembly. In yeast, consists of Ctf19p, Okp1p, Mcm21p, and Ame1p.


name: negative regulation of meiotic DNA double-strand break formation involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic DNA double-strand break formation involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination.


precorrin-2 dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + precorrin-2 = 2 H+ + NADH + sirohydrochlorin.


siroheme biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siroheme, a tetrahydroporphyrin with adjacent, reduced pyrrole rings.


Atg12-Atg5-Atg16 complex

description: A protein complex required for the expansion of the autophagosomal membrane. In budding yeast, this complex consists of Atg12p, Atg5p and Atg16p.


oxalate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of oxalate, the organic acid ethanedioate.


oxalate-CoA ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + CoA + oxalate = AMP + diphosphate + H+ + oxalyl-CoA.


description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of 3'-phosphotyrosyl groups formed as covalent intermediates (in DNA backbone breakage) between DNA topoisomerase I and DNA.


description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of 5'-phosphotyrosyl groups formed as covalent intermediates (in DNA backbone breakage) between DNA topoisomerase II and DNA.


Slx1-Slx4 complex

description: A heterodimeric protein complex that possesses an endonuclease activity that specifically cleaves certain types of branched DNA structures; because such structures often form during the replication ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeats, the complex plays a role in the maintenance of rDNA. The subunits are known as Slx1 and Slx 4 in budding and fission yeasts, and are conserved in eukaryotes.


name: positive regulation of organelle assembly

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of organelle assembly.


mRNA branch site recognition

description: Recognition of the pre-mRNA branch site sequence by components of the assembling spliceosome.


vacuolar transmembrane transport

description: The process in which a solute is transported from one side of the vacuolar membrane to the other.


name: positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by a nonfermentable carbon source

description: A transcription regulation process in which the presence of a nonfermentable carbon source leads to an increase of the frequency, rate, or extent of transcription, from an RNA polymerase II promoter, of specific genes involved in the metabolism of other carbon sources.


name: negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by a nonfermentable carbon source

description: A transcription regulation process in which the presence of a nonfermentable carbon source leads to a decrease of the frequency, rate, or extent of transcription, from an RNA polymerase II promoter, of specific genes involved in the metabolism of other carbon sources.


name: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + oxaloacetate = ADP + CO2 + H+ + phosphoenolpyruvate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + H+ = 2-methylbutanal + CO2.


name: aromatic amino acid family catabolic process to alcohol via Ehrlich pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of aromatic amino acids to produce aromatic alcohols with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. When an aromatic family amino acid, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan, is used as the substrate, 2-phenylethanol, 4-hydroxyphenylethanol, or tryptophol, respectively, is produced. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of alcohols, often collectively referred to as fusel alcohols. Depending on the redox state of the cells, carboxylic acid derivatives may be produced instead of alcohols.


5'-deoxynucleotidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-phosphate + H2O = a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside + phosphate.


name: deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar.


name: positive regulation of thiamine biosynthetic process

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thiamine.


diphthine methylesterase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: diphthine methyl ester + H2O = diphthine + H+ + methanol.


L-histidine

The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.


An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of L-histidinol arising from protonation of the primary amino function; major species at pH 7.3.


An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of 1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)-5-[(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide.


A nucleotide-sugar oxoanion arising from deprotonation of all four phosphate OH groups of 1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)-5'-AMP; major species at pH 7.3.


An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of L-histidinal, arising from protonation of the amino group; major species at pH 7.3.


An organophosphate oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of D-erythro-1-(imidazol-4-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate; major species at pH 7.3.


An organophosphate oxoanion that is the tetraanionic form of 5-[(5-phospho-1-deoxy-D-ribulos-1-ylimino)methylamino]-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide.


A 1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-ATP in which the 5-phospho-D-ribosyl residue has beta-configuration at the anomeric centre.


Dianion of 3-(imidazol-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl dihydrogen phosphate arising from deprotonation of both phosphate OH groups; major species at pH 7.3.


L-histidinol phosphate(1-)

Conjugate base of L-histidinol phosphate having an anionic phosphate and a catoinic amino group; major species at pH 7.3.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: phosphoribulosylformimino-AICAR-P + L-glutamine = D-erythro-imidazole-glycerol-phosphate + aminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleotide + L-glutamate + 2 H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-erythrose 4-phosphate + H2O + phosphoenolpyruvate = 7-phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptonate + phosphate.


chorismate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the unsymmetrical ether derived from phosphoenolpyruvate and 5-phosphoshikimic acid formed as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids and many other compounds.


dUTP catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dUTP, deoxyuridine (5'-)triphosphate.


name: pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a pyrimidine base linked to a deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


riboflavin synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 6,7-dimethyl-8-(1-D-ribityl)lumazine + H+ = 5-amino-6-(D-ribitylamino)uracil + riboflavin.


TRAPPI protein complex

description: A complex that tethers COPII vesicles at ER-Golgi intermediate compartment. Its role in this part of the vesicular transport may start at the ER exit sites. Binds to a component of the COPII coat. In yeast it includes the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33 which are regarded as the core subunits of all TRAPP complexes in yeast.


TRAPPIII protein complex

description: A complex that functions in anterograde transport at the Golgi and also regulates autophagy. In yeast it includes at least the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33, Trs85. TRAPPIII may include further, as yet undescribed, proteins.


ribonuclease P complex

description: A ribonucleoprotein complex that catalyzes cleavage of the leader sequence of precursor tRNAs (pre-tRNAs), generating the mature 5' end of tRNAs.


mitochondrial crista junction

description: A tubular structure of relatively uniform size that connects a mitochondrial crista to the mitochondrial inner boundary membrane.


description: The methylation of the N-terminal proline of proteins to form the derivative N,N-dimethyl-L-proline.


name: positive regulation of translational termination

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translational termination.


name: positive regulation of translational elongation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of translational elongation.


DNA polymerase binding

description: Binding to a DNA polymerase.


glutathione hydrolase complex

description: Enzyme complex that in S. cerevisiae has components Dug2/Dug3 and is able to catalyze the cleavage of glutathione into glutamate and Cys-Gly.


omega peptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the cleavage of non-standard peptide bonds releasing substituted amino acids such as pyroglutamate or cleave isopeptide bonds, such as many deubiquitinating enzymes.


Ssh1 translocon complex

description: A translocon complex that contains a core heterotrimer of alpha, beta and gamma subunits, and may contain additional proteins (translocon-associated proteins or TRAPs); in budding yeast the core proteins are Ssh1p, Sbh2p, and Sss1p. The Ssh1 translocon complex is involved in the cotranslational pathway of protein transport across the ER membrane, and recognizes proteins bearing strongly hydrophobic signal sequences.


name: tricarboxylate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of tricarboxylate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.


name: mitochondrial citrate transmembrane transport

description: The directed movement of citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate, into or out of a mitochondrial matrix.


name: nitrogen catabolite activation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter

description: A transcription regulation process in which the presence of one nitrogen source leads to an increase in the frequency, rate, or extent of transcription, from an RNA polymerase II promoter, of specific genes involved in the metabolism of other nitrogen sources.


description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in amylaceous polysaccharides, to remove successive maltotriose residues from the non-reducing chain ends.


sucrose catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose, the disaccharide fructofuranosyl-glucopyranoside.


alpha-glucoside transport

description: The directed movement of alpha-glucosides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Alpha-glucosides are glycosides in which the sugar group is a glucose residue, and the anomeric carbon of the bond is in an alpha configuration.


protein deneddylation

description: The removal of a ubiquitin-like protein of the NEDD8 type from a protein.


P-type cadmium transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Cd2+(in) = ADP + phosphate + Cd2+(out).


cadmium ion transport

description: The directed movement of cadmium (Cd) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: SAGA complex localization to transcription regulatory region

description: Any process in which a SAGA complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in the transcription regulatory region of a gene.


name: branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids containing a branched carbon skeleton, comprising isoleucine, leucine and valine.


acetolactate synthase complex

description: A dimeric (a large and a small chain) or tetrameric (two large and two small chains) enzyme complex. Catalyzes the formation of acetolactate from pyruvate.


acetolactate synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 pyruvate = 2-acetolactate + CO2.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-carboxy-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoate + NAD+ = 3-carboxy-4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + NADH + H+.


L-leucine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.


glyoxylate cycle

description: A modification of the TCA cycle occurring in some plants and microorganisms, in which isocitrate is cleaved to glyoxylate and succinate. Glyoxylate can then react with acetyl-CoA to form malate.


L-cysteine desulfurase complex

description: A protein complex capable of cysteine desulfurase activity decomposing L-cysteine to L-alanine and sulfur. It belongs to a ubiquitous family of pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes.


tRNA thio-modification

description: The addition a sulfur atom to a nucleotide in a tRNA molecule.


name: maintenance of protein location in cell cortex

description: A process in which a protein or protein complex is maintained in a specific location in the cell cortex.


histidinol dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-histidinol + NAD+ = L-histidine + NADH + H+.


UTP-C complex

description: A protein complex that forms a subcomplex of the 90S preribosome. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rrp7p, Utp22p, Ckb1p, Cka1p, Ckb2p and Cka2p.


CURI complex

description: A protein complex that is involved in the transcription of ribosomal genes. In Saccharomyces this complex consists of Ckb2p, Utp22p, Rrp7p and Ifh1p.


name: amino acid transmembrane export from vacuole

description: The directed movement of amino acids out of the vacuole, across the vacuolar membrane.


i-AAA complex

description: Protease complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane whose catalytic residues lie on the intermembrane space side of the inner membrane; involved in mitochondrial protein turnover. Contains a subunit belonging to the AAA family of ATP-dependent metalloproteases.


name: sulfate adenylyltransferase (ADP) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ADP + H+ + sulfate = 5'-adenylyl sulfate + phosphate.


description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of P(1),P(4)-bis(5'-nucleosyl)tetraphosphate into two nucleotides.


nucleoside catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


name: rRNA (guanine) methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing methylguanine.


description: A protein complex that is involved in the transfer of the four mannoses in the GPI-anchor precursor. In yeast S. cerevisiae this complex consists of Pbn1p and Gpi14p and in rat this complex consists of PIG-X and PIG-M.


threonine deaminase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-threonine = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4.


L-serine ammonia-lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine = pyruvate + NH3.


L-serine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.


name: negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids.


name: regulation of iron-sulfur cluster assembly

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of iron-sulfur cluster assembly.


thiamine phosphate phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: thiamine phosphate + H2O = thiamine + phosphate.


name: acetate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of acetate from one side of a membrane to the other. Acetate is the 2-carbon carboxylic acid ethanoic acid.


acetate transport

description: The directed movement of acetate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


nitrogen utilization

description: A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary nitrogen source, usually ammonia, and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary nitrogen source and to transport and metabolize alternative nitrogen sources. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects nitrogen levels, includes the activation of genes whose products detect, transport or metabolize nitrogen-containing substances, and ends when nitrogen is incorporated into the cell or organism's metabolism.


Rvs161p-Rvs167p complex

description: A protein complex that is involved in endocytosis in the yeast S. cerevisiae.


mating projection

description: The projection formed by unicellular fungi in response to mating pheromone.


NatC complex

description: A conserved complex that catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group to the N-terminal residue of a protein acceptor molecule that has a Met-Ile, Met-Leu, Met-Trp, or Met-Phe N-terminus. In Saccharomyces the complex includes Mak3p, Mak10p, and Mak31p.


name: N-terminal protein amino acid acetylation

description: The acetylation of the N-terminal amino acid of proteins.


name: negative regulation of ATP-dependent activity

description: Any process that stops or reduces the rate of an ATP-dependent activity.


description: The process of coupling asparagine to asparaginyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


name: nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


name: pantothenate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the directed movement of pantothenate across a membrane. Pantothenate is the anion of pantothenic acid, the amide of beta-alanine and pantoic acid; it is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.


pantothenate transmembrane transport

description: The process in which pantothenate is transported across a membrane. Pantothenate is the anion of pantothenic acid, the amide of beta-alanine and pantoic acid; it is a B complex vitamin that is a constituent of coenzyme A and is distributed ubiquitously in foods.


D-ribose catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-ribose (ribo-pentose).


name: regulation of cell cycle phase transition

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle phase transition.


name: regulation of phosphate transmembrane transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphate transmembrane transport.


plasma membrane selenite transport

description: The directed movement of inorganic selenite (HSeO3-1 at physiological pH) across a plasma membrane.


lanosterol O-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + lanosterol = CoA + lanosterol ester.


ergosterol O-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + ergosterol = CoA + ergosterol ester.


rRNA (guanine-N7)-methylation

description: The addition of a methyl group to the N7 atom in the base portion of a guanine nucleotide residue in an rRNA molecule.


threonine synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: O-phospho-L-homoserine + H2O = L-threonine + phosphate.


R2TP complex

description: A highly conserved protein complex comprised of two ATP-dependent DNA helicases (Rvb1p and Rvb2p in yeast, Pontin52 and Reptin52 in humans), Pih1p in yeast or PIH1D1 in humans, and Tah1 in yeast or RPAP3 in humans. The complex associates with Hsp90 and is thought to have a role in assembly of large protein or protein/nucleic acid complexes. In this role it is involved in multiple processes such as box C/D snoRNP biogenesis, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-related protein kinase (PIKK) signaling, RNA polymerase II assembly, and others.


name: Pwp2p-containing subcomplex of 90S preribosome

description: A protein complex that forms a subcomplex of the 90S preribosome and can interact directly with the 5' External Transcribed Spacer (ETS) of the full length pre-rRNA transcript. In S. cerevisiae, it sediments at 25-30 S and is composed of Pwp2p, Dip2p, Utp21p, Utp13p, Utp18p, and Utp6p.


name: positive regulation of DNA replication initiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication initiation involved in mitotic DNA replication.


SBF transcription complex

description: A protein complex that binds to the Swi4/6 cell cycle box (SCB) promoter element, consensus sequence CRCGAAA, and activates transcription during the G1/S transition of the cell cycle. In Saccharomyces, the complex contains a heterodimer of the DNA binding protein Swi4p and the activator Swi6p, and is associated with additional proteins known as Whi5p and Msa1p.


donor selection

description: The process that determines which donor locus a cell uses, in preference to another, in mating type switching.


name: positive regulation of silent mating-type cassette heterochromatin formation

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of heterochromatin formation at silent mating-type cassette.


Rad6-Rad18 complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex found to be involved in post-replicative bypass of UV-damaged DNA and UV mutagenesis. In S. cerevisiae, the complex contains the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme Rad6 and Rad18, a protein containing a RING finger motif and a nucleotide binding motif. The yeast Rad6-Rad18 heterodimer has ubiquitin conjugating activity, binds single-stranded DNA, and possesses single-stranded DNA-dependent ATPase activity.


name: filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms

description: The process in which a group of unicellular organisms grow in a threadlike, filamentous shape.


name: negative regulation of actin cortical patch assembly

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of actin cortical patches.


removal of nonhomologous ends

description: The removal of nonhomologous sequences at the broken 3' single-strand DNA end before DNA repair synthesis can occur.


MutSbeta complex

description: A heterodimer involved in binding to and correcting insertion/deletion mutations. In human the complex consists of two subunits, MSH2 and MSH3.


name: double-strand/single-strand DNA junction binding

description: Binding to a DNA segment that contains double-stranded DNA flanked by a region of single-stranded DNA.


DNA insertion or deletion binding

description: Binding to a double-stranded DNA region containing an insertion or a deletion.


heteroduplex DNA loop binding

description: Binding to a DNA segment containing a loop. A loop occurs when DNA contains a large insertion or deletion that causes a region of unpaired single-stranded DNA to loop out, while the rest of the DNA is in a paired double-stranded configuration.


name: glycerophosphodiester transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of glycerophosphodiesters from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycerophosphodiesters are small molecules composed of glycerol-3-phosphate and an alcohol, for example, glycerophosphoinositol.


description: The process in which a glycerophosphodiester is transported across a membrane. Glycerophosphodiesters are small molecules composed of glycerol-3-phosphate and an alcohol, for example, glycerophosphoinositol.


prefoldin complex

description: A multisubunit chaperone that is capable of delivering unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin, which it acts as a cofactor for. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it also acts in the nucleus to regulate the rate of elongation by RNA polymerase II via a direct effect on histone dynamics.


oligosaccharyl transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a oligosaccharyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid.


description: The process in which UDP-N-acetylglucosamine is transported across a membrane.


UDP-glucose transmembrane transport

description: The process in which UDP-glucose is transported across a membrane.


NAD transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of NAD from one side of a membrane to the other.


NAD transmembrane transport

description: The process in which a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is transported across a membrane; transport may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.


name: positive regulation of mRNA 3'-end processing

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA 3'-end processing.


name: TFIIH-class transcription factor complex binding

description: Binding to a general RNA polymerase II transcription factor belonging to the TFIIH complex, one of the factors involved in formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC) by RNA polymerase II.


name: TFIIE-class transcription factor complex binding

description: Binding to a general RNA polymerase II transcription factor belonging to the TFIIE complex, one of the factors involved in formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC) by RNA polymerase II.


response to carbon starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of a carbon source.


UMP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UMP, uridine monophosphate.


name: nucleotide-activated protein kinase complex

description: A protein complex that possesses nucleotide-dependent protein kinase activity. The nucleotide can be AMP (in S. pombe and human) or ADP (in S. cerevisiae).


name: single-species surface biofilm formation

description: A process in which microorganisms produce an extracellular matrix and form multicellular aggregates at an air-liquid interface.


Ku70:Ku80 complex

description: Heterodimeric protein complex composed of a 70 kDa and a 80 kDa subunit, binds DNA through a channel formed by the heterodimer. Functions in DNA double stranded break repair, chromosome maintenance, transcription regulation, V(D)J recombination, and activation of DNA-PK.


telomerase RNA binding

description: Binding to the telomerase RNA template.


name: mitochondrial double-strand break repair via homologous recombination

description: The repair of a double-strand break in mitochondrial DNA in which the broken DNA molecule is repaired using homologous sequences.


name: resolution of DNA recombination intermediates

description: The cleavage and rejoining of intermediates, such as Holliday junctions, formed during DNA recombination to produce two intact molecules in which genetic material has been exchanged.


positive regulation of RNA binding

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of RNA binding.


mannan polymerase complex

description: A protein complex with alpha-(1->6)-mannosyltransferase activity, located in the cis Golgi membrane; adds mannan to N-linked glycans on proteins.


translational frameshifting

description: A mechanism whereby different proteins may result from a single mRNA molecule, due to a change in the parsing of three nucleotides per codon relative to an initiating AUG codon.


name: positive regulation of cytoplasmic translational elongation through polyproline stretches

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translational elongation through polyproline stretches.


cell wall chitin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cell wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of cells.


L-allo-threonine aldolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-allo-threonine = glycine + acetaldehyde.


fumarate reductase (NADH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + succinate = fumarate + H+ + NADH.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + a D-amino acid = CoA + an N-acetyl-D-amino-acid.


name: cellular detoxification of nitrogen compound

description: Any cellular process that reduces or removes the toxicity of nitrogenous compounds which are dangerous or toxic. This includes the aerobic conversion of toxic compounds to harmless substances.


D-amino acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids.


name: siderophore uptake transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(ferrioxamine)(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(ferrioxamine)(in) + H+(in).


siderophore transport

description: The directed movement of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: mannose transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of mannose from one side of a membrane to the other. Mannose is the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose. The D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.


mannitol transmembrane transport

description: The directed movement of mannitol across a membrane. Mannitol is the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.


sorbitol transmembrane transport

description: The directed movement of sorbitol across a membrane. Sorbitol, also known as glucitol, is the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of glucose.


mannitol dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-mannitol + NAD+ = D-mannose + H+ + NADH.


lactate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactate, the anion of lactic acid.


FAD binding

description: Binding to the oxidized form, FAD, of flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes.


name: D-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-lactate + 2 [Fe(III)cytochrome c] = 2 [Fe(II)cytochrome c] + 2 H+ + pyruvate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate + pyruvate = alpha-ketoglutarate + D-lactate, with FAD functioning as an intermediate hydrogen acceptor.


name: cell wall mannoprotein biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cell wall mannoproteins, any cell wall protein that contains covalently bound mannose residues.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate = 2 pyruvate.


3,4-dihydroxybenzoate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.


name: medium-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a medium-chain fatty acid + ATP + CoA = a medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate. A medium-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 6 to 12 carbons.


U2-type post-spliceosomal complex

description: A spliceosomal complex that is formed following the second splicing event and contains the spliced product, the excised intron, and three snRNPs, U5, U2 and U6.


name: inositol phosphosphingolipid phospholipase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: inositol phosphosphingolipid + H2O = sphingolipid + phosphorylinositol.


cytochrome-c peroxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 ferrocytochrome c + hydrogen peroxide = 2 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O.


proline biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proline (pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a chiral, cyclic, nonessential alpha-amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.


name: trehalose metabolism in response to heat stress

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose that occur as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.


name: regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose

description: Any process involving glucose that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.


name: negative regulation of transcription by transcription factor localization

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-dependent transcription using a mechanism that involves the localization of a transcription factor.


peptidyl-proline di-hydroxylation

description: The modification of peptidyl-proline to form trans-2,3-cis-3,4-dihydroxy-L-proline.


name: L-aspartic acid 4-semialdehyde zwitterion

description: An L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxylic acid group to the amino group of L-aspartic acid 4-semialdehyde.


4-phosphonato-L-aspartic acid(2-)

Dianionic form of 4-phosphonato-L-aspartic acid having carboxylic acid and phosphate functions in anionic form and a protonated nitrogen.


L-homoserine zwitterion

Zwitterionic form of L-homoserine.


name: cytidine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of cytidine, cytosine riboside, from one side of a membrane to the other.


cytosine transport

description: The directed movement of cytosine, 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


cytidine transport

description: The directed movement of cytidine, cytosine riboside, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + CO2 + [acyl-carrier protein].


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, heme protein as acceptor

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a heme protein.


glycerol-1-phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: glycerol-1-phosphate + H2O = glycerol + phosphate.


isocitrate lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: isocitrate = glyoxylate + succinate.


acetylglutamate kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + N-acetyl-L-glutamate = ADP + N-acetyl-L-glutamate-5-phosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + NADP+ + phosphate = N-acetyl-5-glutamyl phosphate + NADPH + H+.


ornithine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis.


Aim21-Tda2 complex

description: A complex that localizes to actin cortical patches at sites of endocytosis and negatively regulates barbed end F-actin assembly, resulting in the generation of free actin pools. The Aim21-Tda2 complex is necessary for efficient endocytosis and balancing the distribution of actin between patches and cables.


acetate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetate, the anion of acetic acid.


isoleucine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isoleucine, (2R*,3R*)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid.


anthranilate synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: chorismate + L-glutamine = anthranilate + pyruvate + L-glutamate.


anthranilate synthase complex

description: A heterotetrameric enzyme complex made up of two components I and two components II. Catalyzes the formation of anthranilate, pyruvate and L-glutamate from chorismate and L-glutamine.


tryptophan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid; tryptophan is synthesized from chorismate via anthranilate.


name: negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate + L-homocysteine = L-methionine + tetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate.


ABC-type peptide transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + peptide(in) = ADP + phosphate + peptide(out). Peptides exported include alpha-hemolysin, cyclolysin, colicin V and siderophores from Gram-negative bacteria, and bacteriocin, subtilin, competence factor and pediocin from Gram-positive bacteria.


peptide pheromone export

description: The directed movement of a peptide pheromone out of a cell by a secretion or export pathway used solely for the export of peptide pheromones.


name: positive regulation of cell adhesion involved in single-species biofilm formation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell adhesion involved in single-species biofilm formation.


regulation of pseudohyphal growth

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pseudohyphal growth.


name: L-aspartate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of L-aspartate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-aspartate is the anion derived from aspartic acid.


COPI coating of Golgi vesicle

description: The addition of COPI proteins and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat.


SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex that specifically targets SUMOylated proteins; the complex is formed of homodimers or heterodimers of RNF4 family ubiquitin ligases and is conserved in eukaryotes.


Rad51C-XRCC3 complex

description: A DNA recombinase mediator complex that contains the Rad51 paralogs RAD51C and XRCC3, or orthologs thereof.


meiotic DNA recombinase assembly

description: During meiosis, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) to form higher order oligomers on single-stranded DNA.


name: regulation of pheromone-dependent signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pheromone-dependent signal transduction during conjugation with cellular fusion, a signal transduction process resulting in the relay, amplification or dampening of a signal generated in response to pheromone exposure in organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion.


name: regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of DNA-templated DNA replication, the process in which new strands of DNA are synthesized.


name: protein tyrosine phosphatase activity, metal-dependent

description: Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate. This reaction requires metal ions.


Rab GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity

description: Prevents the dissociation of GDP from the small GTPase Rab, thereby preventing GTP from binding.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: DNA containing 3-methyladenine + H2O = DNA with abasic site + 3-methyladenine. This reaction is the hydrolysis of DNA by cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the damaged DNA 3-methyladenine and the deoxyribose sugar to remove the 3-methyladenine, leaving an abasic site.


positive regulation of DNA replication

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication.


high-affinity iron permease complex

description: A protein complex composed of a multicopper ferroxidase that oxidizes Fe(II) to Fe(III), and a ferric iron permease that transports the produced Fe(III) into the cell. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


arsenate ion transmembrane transport

description: The process in which arsenate is transported across a membrane.


SMC loading complex

description: A protein complex required for the loading of a structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) complex, such as cohesin, condensin or SMC5/SMC6, onto DNA. Appears to be eukaryotically conserved.


transcription factor TFIIIB complex

description: A transcription factor complex that is involved in regulating transcription from RNA polymerase III (Pol III) promoters. TFIIIB contains the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and two Pol III-specific proteins, B'' and BRF.


name: RNA polymerase III transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

description: Binding to a DNA region that controls the transcription of a gene by RNA polymerase III. Binding may occur as a sequence specific interaction or as an interaction observed only once a factor has been recruited to the DNA by other factors.


name: RNA polymerase I core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding

description: Binding to a regulatory region composed of the transcription start site and binding sites for transcription factors of the RNA polymerase I transcription machinery. This site is often referred to as the CORE element. In mammalian cells, the CORE element functions in conjunction with the Upstream Control Element (UCE), while in fungi, protozoa, and plants, the CORE element functions without a UCE.


G-protein gamma-subunit binding

description: Binding to a G-protein gamma subunit.


gamma-aminobutyric acid transport

description: The directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


Golgi transport complex

description: A multisubunit tethering complex of the CATCHR family (complexes associated with tethering containing helical rods) that has a role in tethering vesicles to the Golgi prior to fusion. Composed of 8 subunits COG1-8.


Ubp3-Bre5 deubiquitination complex

description: A protein complex that cleaves ubiquitin from specific substrates. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, this complex consists of Ubp3p and Bre5p.


negative cofactor 2 complex

description: A heterodimeric protein complex that can stably associate with TATA-binding protein on promoters, thereby preventing the assembly of transcription factors TFIIA and TFIIB and leading to repression of RNA polymerase II transcription. The two subunits, NC2alpha (Drap1) and NC2beta (Dr1), dimerize through histone fold domains of the H2A/H2B type present in the amino termini.


name: transcription elongation-coupled chromatin remodeling

description: A chromatin remodeling process that reestablishes the chromatin structure following the passage of RNA polymerase II during transcription elongation, thus preventing cryptic transcription initiation.


phosphopyruvate hydratase complex

description: A multimeric enzyme complex, usually a dimer or an octamer, that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phospho-D-glycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate and water.


name: CTP:tRNA cytidylyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a tRNA precursor + CTP = a tRNA with a 3' CC end + 2 diphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a tRNA with a 3' CC end + ATP = a tRNA with a 3' CCA end + diphosphate.


name: positive regulation of mitotic recombination

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination during mitosis.


name: positive regulation of iron ion transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: spliceosome conformational change to release U4 (or U4atac) and U1 (or U11)

description: Rearrangement of the pre-catalytic spliceosome containing U4 (or U4atac) and U1 (or U11) snRNPs to unpair U4 (or U4atac) from U6 (or U6atac) and release it from the spliceosomal complex along with U1 (or U11).


name: folic acid-containing compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of folic acid and its derivatives.


DNA protection

description: Any process in which DNA is protected from damage by, for example, oxidative stress.


heme transmembrane transport

description: The process in which heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring, is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


acyl-CoA ceramide synthase complex

description: A protein complex that catalyzes the reaction acyl-CoA + sphingosine = CoA + N-acylsphingosine. In S. cerevisiae it contains three subunits: lag1, lac1 and lip1.


Shu complex

description: A protein complex involved in error-free DNA post-replication repair (PRR). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the complex contains Csm2p, Psy3p, Shu1p, and Shu2p.


name: putrescine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of putrescine from one side of a membrane to the other. Putrescine is 1,4-diaminobutane, the polyamine formed by decarboxylation of ornithine and the metabolic precursor of spermidine and spermine.


name: spermidine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane, from one side of a membrane to the other.


putrescine transport

description: The directed movement of putrescine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Putrescine is 1,4-diaminobutane, the polyamine formed by decarboxylation of ornithine and the metabolic precursor of spermidine and spermine.


spermidine transport

description: The directed movement of spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane, a polyamine formed by the transfer of a propylamine group from decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine to putrescine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: L-methionine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of L-methionine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-methionine is 2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid.