lung smooth muscle development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of smooth muscle in the lung over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


bronchus cartilage development

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of lung cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.


ureter development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ureter over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ureter is a muscular tube that transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder or from the Malpighian tubule to the hindgut.


metanephric nephron tubule formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a metanephric nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A metanephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of a nephron in the metanephros.


name: regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched structures of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units.


name: cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis

description: The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the shaping of the heart.


heart valve formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a heart valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


name: positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis.


name: epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostatic bud elongation

description: The multiplication of epithelial cells, contributing to the expansion of the primary prostatic bud.


name: regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis.


name: regulation of blood volume by renal aldosterone

description: The process in which the hormone aldosterone decreases the rate of diuresis and natriuresis resulting in increased blood volume.


steroid binding

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Binding to a steroid, any of a large group of substances that have in common a ring system based on 1,2-cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene.


name: regulation of potassium:proton exchanging ATPase activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hydrogen:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity.


mammary duct terminal end bud growth

description: The morphogenetic growth of the large, club-shaped terminal end of a mammary gland duct during prepubertal growth and during puberty.


caudate nucleus

category: biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Subcortical nucleus of telecephalic origin consisting of an elongated gray mass lying lateral to and bordering the lateral ventricle. It is divided into a head, body and tail in some species.


pallidum

description: Part of what are called the basal ganglia of the brain which consist of the globus pallidus and the ventral pallidum.


type 1 angiotensin receptor binding

description: Binding to a type 1 angiotensin receptor.


type 2 angiotensin receptor binding

description: Binding to a type 2 angiotensin receptor.


vasopressin secretion

description: The regulated release of vasopressin from secretory granules into the blood.


name: positive regulation of protein kinase C activity

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase C activity.


ovarian follicle rupture

description: Disruption of theca cell layer releasing follicular fluid and/or the oocyte.


name: renal response to blood flow involved in circulatory renin-angiotensin regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

description: The physiological response of the kidneys to a decrease in blood flow.


peptide binding

description: Binding to a peptide, an organic compound comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds.


name: AGTR2_MOUSE Type-2 angiotensin II receptor (sprot)

description: An angiotensin II receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


name: negative regulation of meiotic nuclear division

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of meiosis.


name: positive regulation of meiotic nuclear division

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of meiosis.


name: ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase inhibitor activity

description: Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase.


formin-nucleated actin cable assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a formin-nucleated actin cable. A formin-nucleated actin cable is an actin filament bundle that consists of short filaments organized into bundles of uniform polarity, and is nucleated by formins.


Golgi-associated vesicle

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell.


Golgi to vacuole transport

description: The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to the vacuole.


vacuolar transporter chaperone complex

description: A protein complex that contains four related proteins that have been implicated in several membrane-related processes, such as sorting of H+-translocating ATPases, endocytosis, ER-Golgi trafficking, vacuole fusion, vacuolar polyphosphate homeostasis and the microautophagic scission of vesicles into the vacuolar lumen. The complex is enriched at the vacuolar membrane, but also found in other cellular compartments, including the ER and the cell periphery. In Saccharomyces, the subunits are Vtc1p, Vtc2p, Vtc3p and Vtc4p.


polyphosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polyphosphate, the anion or salt of polyphosphoric acid.


name: regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA splicing via a spliceosomal mechanism.


endocardial cushion fusion

description: The cell-cell adhesion process of mesenchymal cardiac cushion cells that contributes to the process of cushion shaping.


fructose catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructose, the ketohexose arabino-2-hexulose.


fructose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose, the ketohexose arabino-2-hexulose. Fructose exists in a open chain form or as a ring compound. D-fructose is the sweetest of the sugars and is found free in a large number of fruits and honey.


name: AL1A1_HUMAN Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (sprot)

description: An aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


An apo carotenoid C35 terpenoid compound arising from oxidative degradation of the beta,beta-carotene skeleton at the 4'-position.


An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of 3-aminopropanal, formed by protonation of the amino group; major species at pH 7.3.


neurosporaxanthin

A monocarboxylic acid that results from the oxidation of the aldehyde group of 4'-apo-beta-carotenal to the corresponding carboxylic acid.


5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid

A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is  indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5.


name: CARD_NEUCR Beta-apo-4'-carotenal oxygenase (sprot)


name: 3-chloroallyl aldehyde dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chloroallyl aldehyde + H2O = 2 H+ + 2 e- + 3-chloroacrylic acid.


name: 9-cis-retinoic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 9-cis-retinoic acid, a metabolically active vitamin A derivative.


D-xylose

Any xylose with D-configuration.


A primary alcohol that is pentan-1-ol bearing an additional methyl substituent at position 4.


sorbitol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving sorbitol (D-glucitol), one of the ten stereoisomeric hexitols. It can be derived from glucose by reduction of the aldehyde group.


(ADP-D-ribosyl)(n)-acceptor

A generic representative substrate in the ADP ribosylation of proteins


A generic representative product of ADP ribosylation of proteins


protein auto-ADP-ribosylation

description: The ADP-ribosylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues, or residues on an identical protein.


regulation of NAD metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of NAD metabolic process.


name: negative regulation of protein ADP-ribosylation

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of protein ADP-ribosylation. Protein ADP-ribosylation is the transfer, from NAD, of ADP-ribose to protein amino acids.


regulation of base-excision repair

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of base-excision repair.


name: PARPT_HUMAN Protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase TIPARP (sprot)

description: A protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase TIPARP that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: development of secondary sexual characteristics

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the secondary sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. In humans, these include growth of axillary, chest, and pubic hair, voice changes, testicular/penile enlargement, breast development and menstrual periods. Development occurs in response to sex hormone secretion.


penetration of zona pellucida

description: The infiltration by sperm of the zona pellucida to reach the oocyte. The process involves digestive enzymes from a modified lysosome called the acrosome, situated at the head of the sperm.


galactose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose. D-galactose is widely distributed in combined form in plants, animals and microorganisms as a constituent of oligo- and polysaccharides; it also occurs in galactolipids and as its glucoside in lactose and melibiose.


LALBA_HUMAN Alpha-lactalbumin (sprot)

An alpha-lactalbumin that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: LARG1_HUMAN Xylosyl- and glucuronyltransferase LARGE1 (sprot)

description: A xylosyl- and glucuronyltransferase LARGE1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: LARG2_HUMAN Xylosyl- and glucuronyltransferase LARGE2 (sprot)

description: A xylosyl- and glucuronyltransferase LARGE2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


UDP-galactose transmembrane transport

description: The process in which UDP-galactose is transported across a membrane.


aldose 1-epimerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucose = beta-D-glucose. Also acts on L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-galactose, maltose and lactose.


UDP-D-glucose

A UDP-sugar having D-glucose as the sugar component.


UDP-D-galactose

A UDP-sugar having D-galactose as the sugar component.


b-D-GALACTOSE

A D-galactopyranose having beta configuration at the anomeric centre.


GALM_HUMAN Galactose mutarotase (sprot)

A galactose mutarotase that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: PGM2L_HUMAN Glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthase (sprot)

description: A glucose 1,6-bisphosphate synthase that is encoded in the genome of human.


carbohydrate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.


galactitol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactitol, the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.


name: 6PGD_HUMAN 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating (sprot)

description: A 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating that is encoded in the genome of human.


pentose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.


name: xylulose 5-phosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xylulose 5-phosphate.


D-ribofuranose

A ribofuranose having D-configuration.


2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate(2-)

Dianion of 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups; major product at pH 7.3.


name: angiotensin-mediated vasodilation involved in regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure

description: The process that increases the diameter of a blood vessel via the renin-angiotensin system.


oxalate

A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of oxalic acid.


A dioxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 2,3-diketogulonic acid, and the major species at pH 7.3.


L-threonate

Conjugate base of L-threonic acid.


name: antibacterial peptide biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an antibacterial peptide.


galactoside binding

description: Binding to a glycoside in which the sugar group is galactose.


nucleoside phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any phosphorylated nucleoside.


name: carbohydrate derivative catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrate derivative.


name: histamine secretion mediated by IgE immunoglobulin

description: Histamine release triggered by the binding of an antigen to an IgE immunoglobulin bound to the cell surface. An example is mast cell histamine degranulation as a result of exposure of mast cell-bound IgE to alder tree pollen.


histamine secretion by mast cell

description: The regulated release of histamine by a mast cell or group of mast cells.


name: negative regulation of mast cell degranulation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of mast cell degranulation.


A polyunsaturated fatty acid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosa-4,7,10,13,15,19-hexaenoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at the 17S-position. It is a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid in human blood and mouse brain, and serves as a precursor to 17(S)-resolvins.


regulation of endocytic recycling

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endocytic recycling.


purine nucleotide import into lysosome

description: The directed import of purine nucleotide from the cytosol, across the lysosomal membrane, into the lysosome.


mitochondrial tRNA 3'-end processing

description: The process in which the 3' end of a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to that of a mature tRNA in the mitochondrion.


name: ORC6_HUMAN Origin recognition complex subunit 6 (sprot)

description: An origin recognition complex subunit 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: UGPA_HUMAN UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase (sprot)

description: A UTP--glucose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen.


inclusion body

description: A discrete intracellular part formed of aggregated molecules such as proteins or other biopolymers.


beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate

The beta-anomer of D-glucose 1-phosphate.


name: SH2B adapter protein 1 isoform h2 (human)

description: An SH2B adapter protein 1 (human) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q9NRF2-2.


cholinesterase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an acylcholine + H2O = choline + a carboxylic acid anion.


nucleate erythrocyte maturation

description: A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a nucleate erythrocyte to attain its fully functional state. A nucleate erythrocyte is an erythrocyte with a nucleus.


glycogen debranching enzyme activity

description: Catalysis of the cleavage of branch points in branched glycogen polymers.


eosinophil migration

description: The movement of an eosinophil within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


autolysosome lumen

description: The volume that is enclosed within the autolysosome single-membrane.


name: LMBL1_HUMAN Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 (sprot)

description: A lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


diaphragm contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within involuntary skeletal muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the diaphragm. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The diaphragm is a striated muscle that is necessary for the process of respiratory gaseous exchange.


name: ADCY6_HUMAN Adenylate cyclase type 6 (sprot)

description: An adenylate cyclase type 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: ADCY5_HUMAN Adenylate cyclase type 5 (sprot)

description: An adenylate cyclase type 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: KCNB1_HUMAN Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1 (sprot)

description: A voltage-gated potassium channel KCNB1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: KCNC2_HUMAN Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily C member 2 (sprot)

description: A voltage-gated potassium channel KCNC2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: KCNS3_HUMAN Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily S member 3 (sprot)

description: A voltage-gated potassium channel KCNS3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: KCNG2_HUMAN Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily G member 2 (sprot)

description: A voltage-gated potassium channel KCNG2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: CRYL1_HUMAN Lambda-crystallin homolog (sprot)

description: A lambda-crystallin that is encoded in the genome of human.


DCXR_HUMAN L-xylulose reductase (sprot)

An L-xylulose reductase that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (NADH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-nitrosoglutathione + NADH + H+ = S-(hydroxysulfenamide)glutathione + NAD+.


L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-ascorbic acid; L-ascorbic acid ionizes to give L-ascorbate, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate, which is required as a cofactor in the oxidation of prolyl residues to hydroxyprolyl, and other reactions.


D-glucuronate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-glucuronate, the D-enantiomer of glucuronate.


A peptide anion obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of S-nitrosoglutathione.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


xylulose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylulose, the ketopentose threo-2-pentulose.


name: establishment of sister chromatid cohesion

description: The process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome become associated with each other during S phase.


name: negative regulation of RNA polymerase III activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of RNA polymerase III activity.


name: negative regulation of ribosomal protein gene transcription by RNA polymerase II

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the synthesis of RNA from ribosomal protein genes mediated by RNA polymerase II.


branched-chain amino acid transport

description: The directed movement of branched-chain amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Branched-chain amino acids are amino acids with a branched carbon skeleton without rings.


bradykinin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the peptide bradykinin.


name: AGTR2_HUMAN Type-2 angiotensin II receptor (sprot)

description: An angiotensin II receptor 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


regulation of mechanosensory behavior

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mechanosensory behavior.


hemoglobin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving hemoglobin, including its uptake and utilization.


regulation of hepatocyte proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte proliferation.


double-stranded DNA helicase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, in the presence of double-stranded DNA; drives the unwinding of a DNA helix.


forked DNA-dependent helicase activity

description: Unwinding a DNA helix containing forked DNA, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


name: HMMR_HUMAN Hyaluronan mediated motility receptor (sprot)

description: A hyaluronan mediated motility receptor that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: mitochondrial inner-outer membrane contact site

description: Sites of close apposition of the inner and outer mitochondrial membrane.


name: regulation of calcineurin-mediated signaling

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcineurin-mediated signaling.


name: regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division.


FDFT_HUMAN Squalene synthase (sprot)

A squalene synthase that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase isoform h1 (human)

description: A 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (human) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P04035-1.


name: ERG1_HUMAN Squalene monooxygenase (sprot)

description: A squalene monooxygenase that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: FPPS_HUMAN Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (sprot)

description: A farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: GGPPS_HUMAN Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase (sprot)

description: A geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: SCD_HUMAN Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (sprot)

description: A stearoyl-CoA desaturase that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: MVD1_HUMAN Diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase (sprot)

description: A diphosphomevalonate decarboxylase that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: IDI1_HUMAN Isopentenyl-diphosphate Delta-isomerase 1 (sprot)

description: An isopentenyl-diphosphate Delta-isomerase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


KIME_HUMAN Mevalonate kinase (sprot)

A mevalonate kinase that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: TBL1R_HUMAN F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein TBL1XR1 (sprot)

description: An F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein TBL1XR1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: TBL1X_HUMAN F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein TBL1X (sprot)

description: An F-box-like/WD repeat-containing protein TBL1X that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: core histone macro-H2A.1 isoform 1 (mouse)

description: A core histone macro-H2A.1 isoform 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


dermatan sulfate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dermatan sulfate, any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeats consisting of beta-(1,4)-linked L-iduronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate units.


chondroitin sulfate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chondroitin sulfate, any member of a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues, the repeat units of which consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate.


name: sialic acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of sialic acid from one side of a membrane to the other.


sialic acid transport

description: The directed movement of sialic acid into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


glucuronoside catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucuronosides, compound composed of a hydroxy compound linked to a glucuronate residue.


box H/ACA snoRNP complex

description: A box H/ACA small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex located in the nucleolus that catalyzes pseudouridylation of ribosomal RNA residues. The complex is composed of four different core proteins that assemble onto a H/ACA guide RNA scaffold that identifies specific uridines in rRNA for modification during ribosome synthesis.


name: carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 sequence variant CEACAM1a (mouse)

description: A carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (mouse) that is the protein product of allele a of the CEACAM1 gene in mouse. Example: PR:P31809-1.


ESCRT-0 complex

description: A protein complex required for the recycling of Golgi proteins, formation of lumenal membranes and sorting of ubiquitinated proteins into those membranes. This complex includes Vps1p and Hse1p in yeast and the Hrs and STAM proteins in mammals.


ATP export

description: The directed movement of ATP out of a cell or organelle.


name: nucleotide-excision repair factor 2 complex

description: One of several protein complexes involved in nucleotide-excision repair; possesses damaged DNA binding activity. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad4p and Rad23p.


clathrin binding

description: Binding to a clathrin heavy or light chain, the main components of the coat of coated vesicles and coated pits, and which also occurs in synaptic vesicles.


VCP-NPL4-UFD1 AAA ATPase complex

description: A multiprotein ATPase complex required for the efficient dislocation of ER-lumenal degradation substrates, and their subsequent proteolysis by the proteasome. In budding yeast, this complex includes Cdc48p, Npl4p and Ufd1p proteins. In mammals, this complex includes a hexamer of VCP/p97 (a cytosolic ATPase) and trimers of each of its cofactors UFD1L and NPL4 (NPLOC4) (e.g. a 6:3:3 stoichiometry).


Hrd1p ubiquitin ligase ERAD-L complex

description: A multiprotein complex that recognizes and ubiquitinates proteins with misfolded luminal domains during ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). In S. cerevisiae, this complex contains the ubiquitin ligase Hrd1p.


RQC complex

description: A multiprotein complex that forms a stable complex with large ribosomal subunits (60S in eukaryotes and 50S in prokaryotes) containing stalled polypeptides and triggers their degradation (ribosomal quality control). In budding yeast, this complex includes Cdc48p, Rkr1p, Tae2p, Rqc1p, Npl4p and Ufd1p proteins.


Doa10p ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A multiprotein complex that recognizes and ubiquitinates membrane proteins with misfolded cytosolic domains during ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). In S. cerevisiae, this complex contains the ubiquitin ligase Ssm4p/Doa10p.


replisome

description: A multi-component enzymatic machine at the replication fork which mediates DNA replication. Includes DNA primase, one or more DNA polymerases, DNA helicases, and other proteins.


Cdc48p-Npl4p-Vms1p AAA ATPase complex

description: A multiprotein ATPase complex involved in the release of polyubiquitinated proteins, including those damaged by oxidative stress, from the outer mitochondria membrane into the cytoplasm where they are presented to the proteasome for proteolysis, a process also referred to as mitochondria-associated degradation (MAD). In budding yeast, this complex includes Cdc48p, Npl4p and Vms1p.


name: nuclear outer membrane-endoplasmic reticulum membrane network

description: The continuous network of membranes encompassing the nuclear outer membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.


DNA replication termination

description: The process in which DNA replication at a replication fork ceases; occurs when the replication fork reaches a specific termination site or when two replication forks meet.


response to pH

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pH stimulus. pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.


A nucleotide-sugar oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the diphosphate OH groups of GDP-D-mannose; major species at pH 7.3.


glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosaminoglycans, any of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars.


mast cell mediated immunity

description: Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a mast cell.


name: regulation of angiotensin levels in blood

description: The process that modulates the level of any of the various angiotensinogen proteolytic products in the blood. This occurs by the proteolytic cleavage of angiotensinogen, and its proteolytic products, to create a variety of active peptide hormones, such as angiotensin I and angiotensin II, as well as through the removal of these peptides from the circulation.


name: heparan-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 2 isoform 3 (mouse)

description: A heparan-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase 2 isoform 3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


name: chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, any glycoprotein whose glycosaminoglycan units are chondroitin sulfate. Chondroitin sulfates are a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues; the repeat units consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate.


iodide peroxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: iodide + H2O2 = iodine + 2 H2O.


thyroid peroxidase

A protein that is a translation product of the human TPO gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof.


regulation of receptor recycling

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of receptor recycling.


cinnamyl alcohol

A primary alcohol comprising an allyl core with a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position and a phenyl substituent at the 3-position (geometry of the C=C bond unspecified).


O-palmitoyl-L-carnitine

An O-acyl-L-carnitine in which the acyl group is specified as palmitoyl (hexadecanoyl).


response to lipid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid stimulus.


regulation of osteoblast proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast proliferation.


fatty acid elongation

description: The elongation of a fatty acid chain by the sequential addition of two-carbon units.


cuticle development

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cuticle, the outer layer of some animals and plants, which acts to prevent water loss.


vestibular receptor cell morphogenesis

description: Any process that alters the size or shape of a vestibular receptor cell.


neuromast hair cell morphogenesis

description: The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when a neuromast hair cell progresses from its initial formation to its mature state. A neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface.


name: dermatan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dermatan sulfate proteoglycan, any glycoprotein whose glycosaminoglycan units are dermatan sulfate (chondroitin sulfate B). Dermatan sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan with repeats consisting of beta-(1,4)-linked L-iduronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate units.


UDP-D-xylose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-D-xylose, uridinediphosphoxylose, a substance composed of xylose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


name: B3GA3_HUMAN Galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 3 (sprot)

description: A galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


telomeric repeat-containing RNA binding

description: Binding to long non-coding RNA molecules transcribed from subtelomeric regions in most eukaryotes. Telomeric repeat-containing RNA (TERRA) molecules consist of subtelomeric-derived sequences and G-rich telomeric repeats.


name: negative regulation of termination of RNA polymerase II transcription, poly(A)-coupled

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of termination of RNA polymerase II transcription, poly(A)-coupled.


SILDENAFIL CITRATE

The citrate salt of sildenafil.


DNA integrity checkpoint signaling

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A signaling process that controls cell cycle progression in response to changes in DNA structure by monitoring the integrity of the DNA. The DNA integrity checkpoint begins with detection of DNA damage, defects in DNA structure or DNA replication, and progresses through signal transduction and ends with cell cycle effector processes.


name: endothelial tip cell filopodium assembly

description: The assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the endothelial tip cell of a vascular sprout.


name: positive regulation of steroid hormone biosynthetic process

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroid hormones,compounds with a 1, 2, cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus that act as hormones.


steroid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification.


cortisol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cortisol, the steroid hormone 11-beta-17,21-trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. Cortisol is synthesized from cholesterol in the adrenal gland and controls carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism and has anti-inflammatory properties.


gamma-tubulin complex

description: A multiprotein complex composed of gamma-tubulin and other non-tubulin proteins. Gamma-tubulin complexes are localized to microtubule organizing centers, and play an important role in the nucleation of microtubules. The number and complexity of non-tubulin proteins associated with these complexes varies between species.


name: positive regulation of blood coagulation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation.


A cholestanoid that is cholest-4-en-3-one which has been substituted by hydroxy groups at the 7alpha, 12alpha, and 26 positions. It is an intermediate in bile acid metabolism.


7alpha,12alpha,24-trihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one with S-configuration at C-24.


7alpha,24-Dihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one with S-configuration at C-24.


7alpha,12alpha,24-Trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-3-one with S-configuration at C-24.


7alpha,24-Dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-3-one with S configuration at C-24.


A 3-oxo-5beta-steroid that is 5beta-cholestan-3-one bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at position 7alpha .


A 3-oxo-5beta-steroid that is 5beta-cholestan-3-one bearing two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 7alpha and 12alpha.


aflatoxin B1 triol

An organic heterotricyclic compound obtained by oxidative cleavage of the furofuran ring system of aflatoxin B1.


name: CEP83_HUMAN Centrosomal protein of 83 kDa (sprot)

description: A centrosomal protein of 83 kDa that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: CP110_HUMAN Centriolar coiled-coil protein of 110 kDa (sprot)

description: A centriolar coiled-coil protein of 110 kDa that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: CEP97_HUMAN Centrosomal protein of 97 kDa (sprot)

description: A centrosomal protein of 97 kDa that is encoded in the genome of human.


FBF1_HUMAN Fas-binding factor 1 (sprot)

A Fas-binding factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: CE164_HUMAN Centrosomal protein of 164 kDa (sprot)

description: A centrosomal protein of 164 kDa that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: C2CD3_HUMAN C2 domain-containing protein 3 (sprot)

description: A C2 domain-containing protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: TTBK2_HUMAN Tau-tubulin kinase 2 (sprot)

description: A tau-tubulin kinase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: CEP89_HUMAN Centrosomal protein of 89 kDa (sprot)

description: A centrosomal protein of 89 kDa that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: SCLT1_HUMAN Sodium channel and clathrin linker 1 (sprot)

description: A sodium channel and clathrin linker 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: positive regulation of neutrophil migration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil migration.


name: crossover junction DNA endonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage at a junction such as a reciprocal single-stranded crossover between two homologous DNA duplexes (Holliday junction).


name: high-affinity tryptophan transmembrane transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the high-affinity transfer of L-tryptophan from one side of a membrane to the other. Tryptophan is 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


name: aromatic amino acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of aromatic amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Aromatic amino acids have an aromatic ring.


tryptophan transport

description: The directed movement of tryptophan, 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


aromatic amino acid transport

description: The directed movement of aromatic amino acids, amino acids with aromatic ring, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: EF1D_HUMAN Elongation factor 1-delta (sprot)

description: An elongation factor 1-delta that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: EF1B_HUMAN Elongation factor 1-beta (sprot)

description: An elongation factor 1-beta that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: EF1G_HUMAN Elongation factor 1-gamma (sprot)

description: An elongation factor 1-gamma that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: regulation of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process.


phenyl hydrogen sulfate

An aryl sulfate that is phenol bearing an O-sulfo substituent.


lithocholate sulfate(2-)

A steroid sulfate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxylic acid and sulfate functions of lithocholic acid sulfate; major species at pH 7.3.


dopamine 3-O-sulfate

An aryl sulfate that is dopamine in which the phenolic hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a sulfo group.


4-nitrophenyl hydrogen sulfate

An aryl sulfate the mono 4-nitrophenyl ester of sulfuric acid.


17beta-estradiol 3-sulfate

A steroid sulfate obtained by the formal condensation of sulfuric acid with the 3-hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol.


5'-adenylyl sulfate(2-)

An organic dianion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and sufate groups of 5'-adenylyl sulfate; major species at pH 7.3.


cholesterol sulfate(1-)

A steroid sulfate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the sulfo group of cholesterol sulfate; major species at pH 7.3.


adenylyl selenate

The 5'-selenonooxyphosphate ester of adenosine.


name: negative regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell differentiation.


name: positive regulation of T-helper 1 cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell differentiation.


sulfate assimilation

description: The pathways by which inorganic sulfate is processed and incorporated into sulfated compounds.


name: 5'-adenylyl sulfate transmembrane transport

description: The process in which 5'-adenylyl sulfate is transported across a membrane.


name: sulfate adenylyltransferase complex (ATP)

description: An enzyme complex that catalyzes the formation adenylylsulfate from sulfate and ATP.


name: regulation of response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to endoplasmic reticulum stress.


name: positive regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation.


name: mitochondrial tRNA threonylcarbamoyladenosine modification

description: The attachment of a carbonyl group and a threonine to the amino group of the adenine residue immediately 3' of the anticodon, in mitochondrial tRNAs that decode ANN codons (where N is any base).


description: The attachment of a carbonyl group and a threonine to the amino group of the adenine residue immediately 3' of the anticodon, in tRNAs that decode ANN codons (where N is any base).


EKC/KEOPS complex

description: A protein complex involved in t6A tRNA modification. For example, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae the complex contains Bud32p, Kae1p, Gon7p, Cgi121p, and Pcc1p.


sulfuric ester hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: RSO-R' + H2O = RSOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of a sulfuric ester bond, an ester formed from sulfuric acid, O=SO(OH)2.


name: heparan sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any proteoglycan containing heparan sulfate, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans that have repeat units consisting of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked hexuronic acid and glucosamine residues, the former being a mixture of sulfated and nonsulfated D-glucuronic and L-iduronic acids, and the latter being either sulfated or acetylated on its amino group as well as sulfated on one of its hydroxyl groups.


heparin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heparin, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans of average Mr (6000-20000), consisting predominantly of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galactose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-sulfate residues.


name: negative regulation of secretion of lysosomal enzymes

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of secretion of lysosomal enzymes, the controlled release of lysosomal enzymes by a cell.


name: positive regulation of collagen catabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of collagen catabolism. Collagen catabolism is the proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix.


cysteine-type carboxypeptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a single C-terminal amino acid residue from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile.


ganglioside GM1(1-)

A carbohydrate acid derivative anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of GM1 ganglioside.


name: HPSE2_HUMAN Inactive heparanase-2 (sprot)

description: A heparanase-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


perivascular macrophage

category: biolink:Cell biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A border associated macrophage that is adjacent to a small blood vessel of a brain. A perivascular macrophage expresses the markers CD14, CD16 and CD163. In homeostatic conditions, this central nervous system macrophage has a non-motile cell body with extending and retracting projections through the blood vessel wall.


inflammatory cell

description: Any cell participating in the inflammatory response to a foreign substance, e.g. neutrophil, macrophage.


vesicle tethering

description: The initial, indirect interaction between a vesicle membrane and a membrane to which it is targeted for fusion. This interaction is mediated by tethering factors (or complexes), which interact with both membranes. Interaction can occur via direct binding to membrane phospholipids or membrane proteins, or via binding to vesicle coat proteins. This process is distinct from and prior to interaction between factors involved in fusion.


sequestering of iron ion

description: The process of binding or confining iron ions such that they are separated from other components of a biological system.


name: cell surface receptor signaling pathway via STAT

description: An intracellular signal transduction process in which STAT proteins (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) convey a signal to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. The STAT cascade begins with receptor activation followed by activation of STAT proteins by kinases. It proceeds through STA dimerization and subsequent nuclear translocation of STAT proteins, and ends with regulation of target gene expression by STAT proteins.


response to disaccharide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disaccharide stimulus.


aciclovir

An oxopurine that is  guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.


porphyrins

Natural pigments containing a fundamental skeleton of four pyrrole nuclei united through the alpha-positions by four methine groups to form a macrocyclic structure.


vorinostat

A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and  hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).


acetamide

A member of the class of acetamides that results from the formal condensation of acetic acid with ammonia.


inulin

An inulobiose in which the anomeric centre has beta-configuration.


topotecan

A pyranoindolizinoquinoline used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of camptothecin and works by binding to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and preventing religation of these 328 single strand breaks.


perfluoroheptanoic acid

A fluoroalkanoic acid that is perfluorinated heptanoic acid.


enalapril

A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).


microcystin RR

A microcystin consisting of D-alanyl, L-arginyl, (3S)-3-methyl-D-beta-aspartyl, L-arginyl, (2S,3S,4E,6E,8S,9S)-3-amino-4,5,6,7-tetradehydro-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldecanoyl, D-gamma-glutamyl, and 2,3-didehydro-N-methylalanyl residues joined into a 25-membered macrocycle.


mannitol

The D-enantiomer of mannitol.


name: Aconitane-3,8,13,14,15-pentol, 1,6,16-trimethoxy-4-(methoxymethyl)-20-methyl-, 8-acetate 14-benzoate, (1alpha,3alpha,6alpha,14alpha,15alpha,16beta)-


ampicillin

A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.


levetiracetam

A pyrrolidinone and carboxamide that is N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group, while another is replaced by an ethyl group (the S enantiomer). An anticonvulsant, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in both human and veterinary medicine.


sodium chloride

An inorganic chloride salt having sodium(1+) as the counterion.


allopurinol

A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.


pravastatin

A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.


riboflavin

D-Ribitol in which the hydroxy group at position 5 is substituted by a 7,8-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydrobenzo[g]pteridin-10(2H)-yl moiety. It is a nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables, but the richest natural source is yeast. The free form occurs only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as flavin mononucleotide and flavin-adenine dinucleotide.


pitavastatin

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]hept-6-enoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-stereoisomer). Used as its calcium salt for treatment of hypercholesterolemia (elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood) on patients unable to sufficiently lower their cholesterol levels by diet and exercise.


nortriptyline

An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of  amitriptyline.


pantothenic acid

A pantothenic acid having R-configuration.


A 2-deoxy-D-glucose that is D-glucopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 2 has been replaced by a hydrogen.


puromycin

An aminonucleoside antibiotic, derived from the Streptomyces alboniger bacterium, that causes premature chain termination during translation taking place in the ribosome.


salicylic acid

A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid with a hydroxy group at the ortho position. It is obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves.


thallium

A metallic element first identified and named from the brilliant green line in its flame spectrum (from Greek thetaalphalambdalambdaomicronsigma, a green shoot).


anticonvulsant

A drug used to prevent seizures or reduce their severity.


NOTOGINSENOSIDE R1

A ginsenoside found in Panax notoginseng that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 20 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside and beta-D-glucopyranoside respectively, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.


glycocholic acid

A bile acid glycine conjugate having cholic acid as the bile acid component.


glycochenodeoxycholic acid

A bile acid glycine conjugate having 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oyl as the bile acid component.


Cyazofamid

A member of the class of imidazoles carrying dimethylsulfamyl, cyano, chloro and 4-tolyl substituents at positions 1, 2, 4 and 5 respectively. A fungicide used mainly for controlling Oomycete and Plasmodiophora diseases on potatoes and tomatoes. It is a skin and eye irritant and is moderately toxic to birds, most aquatic organisms, honeybees and earthworms.


name: EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor

description: An EC 3.4.15.* (peptidyl-dipeptidase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of peptidyl-dipeptidase A (EC 3.4.15.1).


chlorpheniramine

A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.


dantrolene

The hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of 5-(4-nitrophenyl)furfural with 1-aminohydantoin. A ryanodine receptor antagonist used for the relief of chronic severe spasticity and malignant hyperthermia.


DIGOXIGENIN

A hydroxy steroid that consists of 5beta-cardanolide having a double bond at the 20(22)-position as well as hydroxy groups at the 3beta-, 12beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Digitalis.


fluvastatin

A (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid diastereoisomer in which the stereocentres beta- and delta- to the carboxy group have R and S configuration, respectively. The drug fluvastatin is an equimolar mixture of this compound and its enantiomer.


GINSENOSIDE RG1

A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 20 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosides, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.


tolfenamic acid

An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-chloro-2-methylphenyl group. Tolfenamic acid is used specifically for relieving the pain of migraine. It also shows anticancer activity.


SPIRAEOSIDE

A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin with a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 4'.


glycylsarcosine

A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of glycine with the amino group of sarcosine.


A thiopurine that is inosine in which the aromatic hydroxy group is replaced by a methylsulfanediyl group.


gluconic acid

A gluconic acid having D-configuration.


An N-acylsphingosine that is sphingosine with the amino nitrogen converted into a 6-{[N-(7-nitrobenzo-2,1,3-oxadiazol-4-yl)amino]}hexananamido group.


penicillin G

Any member of the group of substituted penams containing two methyl substituents at position 2, a carboxylate substituent at position 3 and a carboxamido group at position 6.


VADIMEZAN

A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 5,6-dimethyl-9-oxoxanthen-4-yl group.


oxfendazole

A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is fenbendazole in which the sulfur has been oxidised to the corresponding sulfoxide.


sulfapyridine

A sulfonamide consisting of pyridine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.


digitoxin

A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.


triamterene

Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.


dehydroascorbic acid

Dehydroascorbic acid having the L-configuration.


metal atom

An atom of an element that exhibits typical metallic properties, being typically shiny, with high electrical and thermal conductivity.


A 2-methoxy-N-[3-[4-[3-methyl-4-[(6-methyl-3-pyridinyl)oxy]anilino]-6-quinazolinyl]prop-2-enyl]acetamide in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration. It is a potent inhibitor of HER2/ErbB2 (IC50 = 10 nM) and exhibits anti-cancer activity.


piperacillin

A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.


bumetanide

A member of the class of benzoic acids that is 4-phenoxybenzoic acid in which the hydrogens ortho to the phenoxy group are substituted by butylamino and sulfamoyl groups. Bumetanide is a diuretic, and is used for treatment of oedema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic and renal disease.


alpha-(methylamino)isobutyric acid

A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is isobutyric acid in which the alpha-hydrogen has been replaced by a methylamino group.


ceftazidime pentahydrate

A hydrate that is the pentahydrate of ceftazidime, a cephalosporin having 7beta-[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-{[(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy]imino}acetyl]amino and 3-pyridinium-1-ylmethyl side-groups.


epinastine

A benzazepine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,e]azepine in which the azepine ring is fused to the e side of 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine.


microcystin LF

A microcystin consisting of D-alanyl, L-leucyl, (3S)-3-methyl-D-beta-aspartyl, L-phenylalanyl, (2S,3S,4E,6E,8S,9S)-3-amino-4,5,6,7-tetradehydro-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldecanoyl, D-gamma-glutamyl, and 2,3-didehydro-N-methylalanyl residues joined into a 25-membered macrocycle.


carbonyl dihydrazine

A carbohydrazide obtained by formal condensation between hydrazinecarboxylic acid and hydrazine.


D-hexose

A hexose that has D-configuration at position 5.


METHOXYFENOZIDE

A carbohydrazide that is hydrazine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by 3-methoxy-2-methylbenzoyl, 3,5-dimethylbenzoyl,  and tert-butyl groups respectively.


octopamine

A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is phenol which is substituted at the para- position by a 2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl group. A biogenic phenylethanolamine which has been found to act as a neurotransmitter, neurohormone or neuromodulator in invertebrates.


cefmetazole

A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having N(1)-methyltetrazol-5-ylthiomethyl, {[(cyanomethyl)sulfanyl]acetyl}amino and methoxy side-groups at positions 3, 7beta and 7alpha respectively of the parent cephem bicyclic structure.


ROSAMINE

The chloride salt of tetramethylrosamine. Used as a red-orange fluorescent dye.


formimidic acid

A carboximidic acid that is  formic acid in which the carbonyl oxygen is replaced by an imino group.


glycoursodeoxycholic acid

A bile acid glycine conjugate derived from ursoodeoxycholic acid.


CEPHALEXIN

A hydrate of cephalexin consisting of equimolar amounts of hydrate and cephalexin.


methylurea

A member of the class of ureas that is urea substituted by a methyl group at one of the nitrogen atoms.


ETHIRIMOL

An aminopyrimidine that is 2-ethylaminopyrimidin-4-one carrying butyl and methyl substituents at positions 5 and 6 respectively. A fungicide first marketed in 1970 and used as a seed treatment for diseaases such as damping-off, it is not licensed for use within the European Union.


CARBAMIC ACID

A one-carbon compound that is ammonia in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a carboxy group. Although carbamic acid derivatives are common, carbamic acid itself has never been synthesised.


pipemidic acid

A pyridopyrimidine that is 5-oxo-5,8-dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid substituted at position 2 by a piperazin-1-yl group and at position 8 by an ethyl group. A synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial, it is used for treatment of gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary infections.


A member of the class of benzothiazoles that is 1,3-benzothiazole substituted by a methylnitrilo group, (pyridin-3-yl)methyl group, methyl group, hydroxy group and methyl group at position 2,4,5,6 and 7, respectively. It is a dual inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase and thromboxane A2 synthetase and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. The drug was being developed by Eisai (Tokyo, Japan) for the treatment of bowel disease.


name: Enkephalin-leu, ala(2)-melphalan methyl ester-


flupyradifurone

A tertiary amino compound that is ammonia in which the nitrogens have been replaced by (6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, and 5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-yl groups, respectively. A nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) agonist, it is used as an insecticide to control sucking pests in a variety of crops.


name: fluorescein isothiocyanate bovine serum albumin


CEPHALOSPORIN C

A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7.


dermatan sulfate

Any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeating units consisting of variously sulfated beta1->4-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units.


hexosaminidase D isoform 1 (mouse)

A hexosaminidase D isoform 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


hexosaminidase D isoform m2 (mouse)

A hexosaminidase D (mouse) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:Q3U4H6-2.


mycophenolic acid O-acyl-glucuronide

A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid with the anomeric hydroxy group of beta-D-glucuronic acid.


chitotriose

An amino trisaccharide comprising of three 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose units joined by beta-(1->4) linkages.


mycophenolate

A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.


glucosamine

A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.


arylsulfatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a phenol sulfate + H2O = a phenol + sulfate.


tyrosyl-tRNA aminoacylation

description: The process of coupling tyrosine to tyrosyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase. The tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a tyrosine-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.


ROTENONE

A member of the class of rotenones that consists of 1,2,12,12a-tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]furo[2,3-h]chromen-6(6aH)-one substituted at position 2 by a prop-1-en-2-yl group and at positions 8 and 9 by methoxy groups (the 2R,6aS,12aS-isomer). A non-systemic insecticide, it is the principal insecticidal constituent of derris (the dried rhizome and root of Derris elliptica).


A  quinone imine that is indophenol substituted by chloro groups at positions 2 and 6.


The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.


name: positive regulation of protein deubiquitination

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein deubiquitination.


ESCRT III complex

description: A complex with membrane scission activity that plays a major role in many processes where membranes are remodelled - including endosomal transport (vesicle budding), nuclear envelope organisation (membrane closure, mitotic bridge cleavage), and cytokinesis (abscission).


DSIF complex

description: A heterodimeric protein complex formed of Spt4 and Spt5 proteins which is expressed in eukaryotes from yeast to man. DSIF is an inhibitory elongation factor that promotes RNA polymerase II transcriptional pausing, but can also stimulate transcriptional elongation under certain conditions, and may play a role in RNA processing via its physical association with mRNA capping enzymes.


rRNA binding

description: Binding to a ribosomal RNA.


name: RNA polymerase I general transcription initiation factor binding

description: Binding to an RNA polymerase I transcription factor, a protein required to initiate or regulate transcription by RNA polymerase I.


RNA polymerase I core binding

description: Binding to a RNA polymerase I core enzyme, a multisubunit eukaryotic nuclear RNA polymerase typically composed of seventeen subunits.


snRNP binding

description: Binding to a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle.


spliceosomal complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a spliceosomal complex, a ribonucleoprotein apparatus that catalyzes nuclear mRNA splicing via transesterification reactions.


name: regulation of transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-excision repair process that carries out preferential repair of DNA lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex. In addition, the transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair pathway is required for the recognition and repair of a small subset of lesions that are not recognized by the global genome nucleotide excision repair pathway.


name: negative regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase I

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation mediated by RNA polymerase I.


regulation of mRNA catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of a mRNA catabolic process, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage.


cellular defense response

description: A defense response that is mediated by cells.


regulation of chemokine production

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of chemokine production.


name: regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a gram-negative bacterium, the directed killing of a gram-negative bacterium by a neutrophil.


name: branched-chain amino acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids containing a branched carbon skeleton, comprising isoleucine, leucine and valine.


ribonucleotide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.


name: SF3B3_MOUSE Splicing factor 3B subunit 3 (sprot)

description: A splicing factor 3B subunit 3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


glycoprotein catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide.


sex-chromosome dosage compensation

description: Compensating for the variation in the unpaired sex chromosome:autosome chromosome ratios between sexes by activation or inactivation of genes on one or both of the sex chromosomes.


regulation of growth rate

description: Any process that modulates the rate of growth of all or part of an organism.


mitochondrial DNA repair

description: The process of restoring mitochondrial DNA after damage.


DNA metabolic process

description: Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides.


name: negative regulation of interleukin-17 production

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of any member of the interleukin-17 family of cytokines.


name: regulation of single strand break repair

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of single strand break repair.


cellular response to superoxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a superoxide stimulus. Superoxide is the anion, oxygen-, formed by addition of one electron to dioxygen (O2) or any compound containing the superoxide anion.


ATAC complex

description: A chromatin remodeling complex that regulates transcription via acetylation primarily of nucleosomal histones H3 and possibly H4. Shares the histone acetylation (HAT) module of GCN5/PCAF-ADA2-ADA3-SGF29 (or orthologs) with the related SAGA complex (GO:0000124). Contains HAT subunits GCN5 or PCAF in a mutually exclusive manner. In addition to the HAT module contains DR1/NC2B, KAT14, MBIP, WDR5, YEATS2 and ZZZ3 or orthologs. Also regulates the activity of non-histone targets and orchestrates mitotic progression by regulating Cyclin A degradation through acetylation.


protein demethylation

description: The removal of a methyl group, from a protein amino acid. A methyl group is derived from methane by the removal of a hydrogen atom.


regulation of T cell activation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation.


nucleolar preribosome

description: Any complex of pre-rRNAs, ribosomal proteins, and associated proteins formed in the nucleolus during ribosome biogenesis.


name: positive regulation of antisense RNA transcription

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the synthesis of antisense RNA, an RNA molecule complementary in sequence to another RNA or DNA molecule, which, by binding the latter, acts to inhibit its function and/or completion of synthesis, on a template of DNA.


fermentation

description: The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of organic compounds, especially carbohydrates, coupling the oxidation and reduction of NAD/H and the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).


name: mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex.


name: mitochondrion-endoplasmic reticulum membrane tethering

description: The attachment of a mitochondrion and an endoplasmic reticulum via molecular tethers that physically bridge their respective membranes and attach them to each other. The tethering may facilitate exchange of metabolites between the organelles.


aminophospholipid transport

description: The directed movement of aminophospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Aminophospholipids contain phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester and an amino (NH2) group.


SAM complex

description: A large complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane that mediates sorting of some imported proteins to the outer membrane and their assembly in the membrane; functions after import of incoming proteins by the mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex.


NAD biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; biosynthesis may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.


name: positive regulation of phospholipid biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids.


name: regulation of phospholipid biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phospholipids.


phosphatidylethanolamine

A class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxy group of ethanolamine.


lipoate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipoate, 1,2-dithiolane-3-pentanoate, the anion derived from lipoic acid.


cis-Golgi network membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments that make up the cis-Golgi network.


positive regulation of fertilization

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fertilization.


antioxidant activity

description: Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage.


name: positive regulation of macrophage migration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage migration.


aspartate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, 2-aminobutanedioic acid.


name: negative regulation of translation in response to oxidative stress

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.


name: positive regulation of vasculature development

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vasculature development.


cell-cell junction assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a junction between cells.


RNA polymerase III complex

description: RNA polymerase III, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces 5S rRNA, tRNAs and some of the small nuclear RNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerase I and others of which are also found in RNA polymerases I and II. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template.


RNA polymerase I complex

description: RNA polymerase I, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces rRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerase III and others of which are also found in RNA polymerases II and III. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template.


name: regulation of lysine biosynthetic process via aminoadipic acid

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lysine biosynthetic process via aminoadipic acid.


description: A multienzyme, heterooligomeric complex involved in dolichyl-linked oligosaccharide synthesis. In yeast the complex is composed of Alg7p, which catalyzes the first step (GlcNAc1-PP-Dol from dolichol-phosphate and UDP-GlcNAc), and Alg13p plus Alg14p, the catalytic and anchoring subunits respectively, which together catalyze the second step (GlcNAc2-PP-dolichol from GlcNAc1-PP-Dol and UDP-GlcNAc) of dolichyl-linked oligosaccharide synthesis.


response to misfolded protein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a misfolded protein stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: phenylacetyl-CoA + isopenicillin N + H2O = CoA + penicillin G + L-2-aminohexanedioate.


L-pipecolate oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-pipecolate + O2 = 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2-carboxylate + H2O2 + H+. Delta1-piperideine-6-carboxylate is also known as 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2-carboxylate.


name: fatty acid beta-oxidation multienzyme complex

description: A multienzyme complex possessing three kinds of enzymes that catalyze the chain reactions in the fatty acid beta-oxidation cycle, enoyl-CoA hydratase (ECH), 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (HACD), and acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (KACT).


name: MPAH2_PENBR Type I acyl-CoA thioesterase mpaH' (sprot)


name: AC891_PENBR Acyl-CoA ligase 891, peroxisomal (sprot)


name: AATA_PENCH Isopenicillin-N N-acyltransferase (sprot)


name: NUD12_HUMAN NAD-capped RNA hydrolase NUDT12 (sprot)

description: An NAD-capped RNA hydrolase NUDT12 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: malonyl-CoA decarboxylase, mitochondrial isoform Cytoplasmic+peroxisomal (human)

description: A malonyl-CoA decarboxylase, mitochondrial (human) that is a translation product of some mRNA whose exon structure and start site selection renders it capable of giving rise to a protein with the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:O95822-2.


name: ACOT6_HUMAN Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 6 (sprot)

description: An acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: ACOT4_HUMAN Peroxisomal succinyl-coenzyme A thioesterase (sprot)

description: A peroxisomal succinyl-coenzyme A thioesterase that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: saccharopine dehydrogenase (NAD+, L-lysine-forming) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-saccharopine + H2O + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + L-lysine + H+ + NADH.


lysine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.


tRNA-intron endonuclease complex

description: A protein complex that catalyzes the endonucleolytic cleavage of pre-tRNA, producing 5'-hydroxyl and 2',3'-cyclic phosphate termini, and specifically removing the intron.


tRNA-intron endonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of pre-tRNA, producing 5'-hydroxyl and 2',3'-cyclic phosphate termini, and specifically removing the intron.


name: tRNA-type intron splice site recognition and cleavage

description: RNA processing that begins when the tertiary structure of a tRNA type intron is recognized, and ends when the endonucleolytic cleavage of the RNA at both the 5' and 3' splice sites occurs.


glycine import across plasma membrane

description: The directed movement of glycine from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of glutamic acid, having anionic carboxy groups and a cationic amino group


glycine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine, aminoethanoic acid.


name: glycine biosynthetic process, by transamination of glyoxylate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine by the transamination of glyoxylate.


name: UBP6_HUMAN Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 6 (sprot)

description: A ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


OFF-bipolar cell

description: A bipolar neuron found in the retina and having connections with photoreceptors cells and neurons in the outer half of the inner plexiform layer. These cells depolarize in response to light to dark transition.


medulla oblongata

category: biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Organ component of neuraxis that has as its parts the medullary reticular formation, inferior olivary complex and cochlear nuclear complex, among other structures[FMA]. The medulla oblongata lies directly above the spinal cord and controls vital autonomic functions such as digestion, breathing and the control of heart rate[GO].


name: BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor isoform 2 (mouse)

description: A BDNF/NT-3 growth factors receptor isoform 2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse. This form has no catalytic activity.


name: GPER1_MACMU G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1 (sprot)


name: A0A2K5WLA0_MACFA Amino acid transporter (trembl)


CNTN2_HUMAN Contactin-2 (sprot)

A contactin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate + H2O + NADP+ = 2-oxoglutarate + NH3 + NADPH + H+.


rRNA 2'-O-methylation

description: The addition of a methyl group to the 2'-oxygen atom of a nucleotide residue in an rRNA molecule during ribosome biogenesis.


dihydrosterigmatocystin

A sterigmatocystin whose skeleton comprises a xanthone ring system ortho-fused to a dihydrofuranofuran moiety.


This is compound 4 in pmid:31045362


A hydroxycoumarin that is 2H-chromen-2-one substituted by a hydroxy group at positions 4 and 7, and a methyl group at position 5.


(+)-kotanin

A member of the class of 8,8'-bicoumarins resulting from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 4,7-dimethoxy-5-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one (the S-(+) enantiomer). A fungal metabolite, its isolation from Aspergillus clavatus was first reported in 1971.


name: VDTC1_BYSSP O-methyltransferase VdtC (sprot)


name: KTNB_ASPNC O-methyltransferase kntB (sprot)


An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any 3-hydroxy carboxylic acid.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any 2,3-trans-enoic acid.


3-oxo-fatty acyl-CoA

An oxo fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any 3-oxo-fatty acid..


name: enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 2,3-saturated acyl-[ACP] + NAD+ = a (2E)-enoyl-[ACP] + H+ + NADH.


name: O-[S-(dihydromonacolin L carboxy)pantetheine-4'-phosphoryl]-L-serine(1-) residue

description: An O-(S-3-oxoacylpantetheine-4'-phosphoryl)serine(1-) residue in which the S-acyl group is specified as dihydromonacolin L carboxy.


A dihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of 3,5-dimethylorsellinic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


name: LOVB_ASPTE Lovastatin nonaketide synthase, polyketide synthase component (sprot)


name: LOVF_ASPTE Lovastatin diketide synthase lovF (sprot)


name: NVFA_ASPN1 Non-reducing polyketide synthase nvfA (sprot)


name: ICCB_TALVA Trans-enoyl reductase iccB (sprot)


name: LOVC_ASPTE Lovastatin nonaketide synthase, enoyl reductase component lovC (sprot)


An acyl-CoA(4-) that is the tetraanion of benzoyl-CoA, arising from deprotonation of phosphate and diphosphate functions.


A hydroxybenzoyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid.


polyamine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyamines, any organic compound containing two or more amino groups.


geranylgeranyl diphosphate(3-)

Trianion of geranylgeranyl diphosphate arising from deprotonation of the three acidic OH groups of the diphosphate.


medium-chain fatty acid

Any fatty acid with a chain length of between C6 and C12.


name: endoplasmic reticulum membrane biogenesis

description: The process in which an endoplasmic reticulum membrane is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together.


name: positive regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the attachment of spindle microtubules to the kinetochore.


histone H4 acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H4 = CoA + acetyl-histone H4.


name: positive regulation of mitochondrial translational initiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein in a mitochondrion.


regulation of vitellogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vitellogenesis.


mitochondrial depolarization

description: The process in which the potential difference across the mitochondrial membrane is reduced from its steady state level.


name: positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha production

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 alpha production.


perforin production

description: The appearance of a perforin protein due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: peptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic process

description: Binds to and increases the activity of a peptidase that is involved in the apoptotic process.


GANODEROL B

A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is lanosta-7,9(11),24-triene which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 27. It has been isolated from several Ganoderma species.


PODOCARIC ACID

An abietane diterpenoid lacking the isopropyl substituent with an aromatic C-ring and a hydroxy group at the 12-position.


name: negative regulation of androgen receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the androgen receptor signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of mRNA cis splicing, via spliceosome

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA cis splicing, via spliceosome.


name: mitotic actomyosin contractile ring assembly

description: Any actomyosin contractile ring assembly that is involved in mitotic cytokinesis.


name: negative regulation of actin filament binding

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament binding.


myotube cell migration

description: The orderly movement of a myotube cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate, and fuse.


name: negative regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell differentiation.


name: myoblast differentiation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized satellite cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. This occurs as part of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


name: programmed cell death involved in cell development

description: The activation of endogenous cellular processes that result in the death of a cell as part of its development.


name: negative regulation of myotube differentiation

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of myotube differentiation. Myotube differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse.


name: regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell differentiation.


name: negative regulation of muscle cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle cell differentiation.


name: RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase unphosphorylated 3 (mouse)

description: A RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase unphosphorylated 3 in mouse. UniProtKB:P31750, Ser-473, PR:000026291.


penicillin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any antibiotic that contains the condensed beta-lactamthiazolidine ring system.


acid-ammonia (or amide) ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to ammonia (NH3) or an amide via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.


name: norsolorinate anthrone synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 7 malonyl-CoA + 5 H+ + a hexanoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] = norsolorinate anthrone + 7 coenzyme A + 7 carbon dioxide + 2 H2O + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


ochratoxin A catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ochratoxin A.


ochratoxin alpha

A member of the class of isocoumarins that is 1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid carrying additional methyl, chloro and hydroxy substituents at positions 3, 5 and 8 respectively. A non-toxic metabolite of the mycotoxin ochratoxin A.


L-tyrosine

An optically active form of tyrosine having L-configuration.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host calcium or calmodulin-mediated signal transduction

description: A process in which a virus interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a calcium or calmodulin-mediated signal transduction in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: KCNQ2_MOUSE Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 2 (sprot)

description: A voltage-gated potassium channel subunit KCNQ2 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


name: KCNQ3_MOUSE Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 3 (sprot)

description: A voltage-gated potassium channel subunit KCNQ3 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


name: short transient receptor potential channel 2 isoform 1 (mouse)

description: A short transient receptor potential cation channel TRPC2 isoform 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


procathepsin L isoform 1 (mouse)

A murine-type cathepsin L isoform 1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.


A hydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone bearing a 1-hydroxy-5-oxohexyl substituent at position 2 (the S-enantiomer).


ILICICOLIN H

An aromatic ketone in which the ketone carbonyl group is attached to a (1R,2R,4aS,7S,8aR)-4,7-dimethyl-1-[(1E)-prop-1-en-1-yl]-1,2,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-2-yl group and a 4-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl group. Isolated from the from the "imperfect" fungus Cylindrocladium iliciola strain MFC-870.


name: ILID_NEOS2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent Diels-Alderase iliD (sprot)


name: ICCD_TALVA S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent Diels-Alderase iccD (sprot)


racemase and epimerase activity

description: Catalysis of a reaction that alters the configuration of one or more chiral centers in a molecule.


name: ICCE_TALVA NADH-dependent flavin oxidoreductase iccE (sprot)


ketoreductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reduction of a ketone group to form the corresponding alcohol.


name: NVFD_ASPN1 Alpha/beta hydrolase nvfD (sprot)


PSILOCYBINE

A tryptamine alkaloid that is N,N-dimethyltryptamine carrying an additional phosphoryloxy substituent at position 4. The major hallucinogenic alkaloid isolated from Psilocybe mushrooms (also known as Teonanacatl or "magic mushrooms").


psilocybin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of psilocybin, a psychotropic tryptamine-derived natural product.


name: 4-hydroxytryptamine 4-phosphate methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) + 4-hydroxytryptamine 4-phosphate (norbaeocystin) = 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + psilocybin.


A member of the class of tryptamines that is tryptamine in which the the indole ring has been substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4.


4-hydroxytryptamine kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxytryptamine + ATP = 4-hydoxytryptamine 4-phosphate + ADP + H+.


tryptamine 4-monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: tryptamine + reduced acceptor + O2 = 4-hydroxytryptamine + acceptor + H2O.


name: PSIK_PSICU 4-hydroxytryptamine kinase (sprot)


name: PSIH_PSICU Tryptamine 4-monooxygenase (sprot)


An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate and protonation of the amino group of norbaeocystin; major species at pH 7.3.


name: PSID_PSICU L-tryptophan decarboxylase (sprot)


tryptamine

An aminoalkylindole consisting of indole having a 2-aminoethyl group at the 3-position.


regulation of neural retina development

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of neural retina development, the progression of the neural retina over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The neural retina is the part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells.


regulation of melanosome transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of melanosome transport.


name: negative regulation of filamentous growth

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which a multicellular organism or a group of unicellular organisms grow in a threadlike, filamentous shape.


name: positive regulation of filamentous growth

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which a multicellular organism or a group of unicellular organisms grow in a threadlike, filamentous shape.


fucosylation

description: The covalent attachment of a fucosyl group to an acceptor molecule.


N-glycan fucosylation

description: The process of transferring a fucosyl group to an N-glycan. An N-glycan is the carbohydrate portion of an N-glycoprotein when attached to a nitrogen from asparagine or arginine side-chains.


An alpha-D-galactosyl group derived from alpha-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal. Blood group A antigen.


A galactosyl group derived from alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-[alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal. B Antigen formed in 'secretor' individuals.


A galactosyl group derived from alpha-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal. Antigen A formed in 'secretor' individuals


A galactosyl group derived from alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal-yl group. Blood group B antigen.


A galactosyl group derived from alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-alpha-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-Gal. The precursor oligosaccharide group for the ABO blood group system.


An alpha-D-galactosyl group derived from beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal The minimum precursor oligosaccharide sequence required by the ABO blood group system to form antigens. This sequence is for Type 1 chains found in secretions.


Type 1 monosialylgalactosylgloboside

An intermediate in the formation of Lewis blood groups


Lewis A antigen

One of the blood groups of the Lewis antigen system


Type 1 disialyl-paragloboside

Formed by the addition of sialic acid (Neu5Ac) to Type 1 MSGG and is the precursor for disialyl-Lewis A antigen


blood group Type 1 oligosaccharide chain precursor