gammaGluCys(IAN)Gly

A glutathione conjugate that is the S-cyano(indol-3-yl)methyl derivative of glutathione.


TAXIPHYLLIN

A beta-D-glucoside consisting of (R)-prunasin carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.


A nitrile that is acetonitrile in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a 2,2,3-trimethylcyclopent-3-en-1-yl group. A powerful fragrance compound with pine, rosemary and hay-like tonalities.


acene nitrile

Acenes containing nitrile groups.


anthemis glycoside B

An anthemis glycoside that is found in the cyanogenic achenes of Anthemis altissima.


A nitrile formed formally by substitution of a cyano group at C-2 of butane.


(S)-ethaboxam

An N-[cyano(2-thienyl)methyl]-4-ethyl-2-(ethylamino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide that is the (S)-enantiomer of ethaboxam.


alpha-hydroxynitrile

A hydroxynitrile in which the hydroxy group is located on the carbon alpha to the carbonitrile group.


cyanohydrin

An alpha-hydroxynitrile resulting from the formal addition of hydrogen cyanide to the C=O bond of an aldehyde or ketone.


An aminoimidazole that is 5-amino-1H-imidazole which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by aminocarbonyl and cyano groups, respectively.


A nitrile that is acetonitrile where one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1H-indol-3-yl group.


A member of the class of benzothiazoles that is 1,3-benzothiazole substituted by (cyclopropanecarbonyl)amino, 4-fluoro-3-{2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetamido}phenoxy, and cyano groups at positions 2, 6 and 7, respectively. It is a potent pan-RAF inhibitor with IC50 of 1.4, 2.4 and 8.3 nM for CRAF, BRAF(V600E), BRAF(WT), respectively.


A dinitrile that is butanedinitrile substituted by 4-methoxybenzyl and  3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene groups at positions 3 and 2 respectively. Isolated from the culture broth of the fungus Neosartorya fischeri, it exhibits antifungal activity.


A member of the class of aromatic amides obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-ethyl-2-(ethylamino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid with the amino group of amino(2-thienyl)acetonitrile.


aliphatic nitrile

Any nitrile derived from an aliphatic compound.


A C-nitro compound that is entacapone in which the phenolic hydroxy group that is meta to the nitro group has been converted into the corresponding ethyl ether.


A hydroxynitrile that is butanenitrile substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4.


An anthracenedinitrile carrying cyano groups at positions 9 and 10.


DEVAPAMIL

A nitrile that acts as an L-type calcium channel blocker.


Acenes containing two nitrile groups at the 2 and 3 positions.


gammaGluCys(IAN)Glu

A tripeptide that consists of L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-L-glutamic acid in which the the cysteine side chain is substituted by a cyano(indol-3-yl)methyl group.


AMYGDALIN

An amygdalin in which the stereocentre on the cyanohydrin function has R-configuration.


A dinitrile that is butanedinitrile substituted by  3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylidene and 4-methoxybenzyl groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively. Isolated from the culture broth of the fungus Neosartorya fischeri, it exhibits antifungal activity.


A C-nitro compound that is entacapone in which the phenolic hydroxy group that is meta to the nitro group has been converted into the corresponding methyl ether.


isovaleronitrile

An aliphatic nitrile that is 2-methylpropane substituted by a cyano group at position 1.


PROPIONITRILE

A nitrile that is acrylonitrile in which the carbon-carbon double bond has been reduced to a single bond.


cyanogenic glycoside

A glycoside in which the aglycone contains a cyanide group. A cyanogenic glycoside can release poisonous hydrogen cyanide if acted upon by some enzyme.


A dinitrile that is butanedinitrile substituted by  4-methoxybenzyl and  4-methoxybenzylidene groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively. Isolated from the culture broth of the fungus Neosartorya fischeri, it exhibits antifungal activity.


A member of the class of triazolopyridines that is [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-5(1H)-one substituted by phenyl, ethylsulfanediyl, cyano, amino and cyano groups at positions 1, 2, 6, 7 and 8, respectively.


A member of the class of naphthalenes that is naphthalene in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 6 are replaced by cyano and methoxy groups, respectively.


tetrachlorosalicylanilide

A salicylanilide derivative where the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorine.


name: 2-[(2S,3R,6S)-3-benzamido-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-yl]acetic acid methyl ester


A member of the class of N-(2-naphthyl)carboxamides that is N-(naphthalen-2-yl)-3-phenylpropanamide in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 has been replaced by a benzamido group.


(S,R)-labetolol

A 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide that has 1S,2R-configuration.


name: 3-[[(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [2-(4-methylphenyl)-2-oxoethyl] ester


name: 4-[[[3-(4-morpholinylsulfonyl)phenyl]-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid ethyl ester


name: 4-[[(2-nitrophenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid propyl ester


proglumide

A racemate composed of equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-proglumide. A non-selective CCK antagonist that was used primarily for treatment of stomach ulcers, but has been replaced by newer drugs.


name: 5-ethyl-2-[[oxo-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]amino]-3-thiophenecarboxylic acid ethyl ester


mygalin

A member of the class of  benzamides obtained by formal condensation of the two primary amino groups of spemidine with the carboxy groups from two molecules of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid.


name: 3-[[(4-methoxyphenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid methyl ester


name: 2-phenylacetic acid [2-[4-[(4-ethoxyanilino)-oxomethyl]anilino]-2-oxoethyl] ester


A benzamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-(dimethylamino)benzoic acid with the amino group of 7-amino-N-hydroxyheptanamide. It is a potent inhibitor of histone deacetylases and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several human cancer cell lines.


A member of the class of benzamides obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-{[1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-7-methyl-6-oxo-6,7-dihydropyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl]amino}-4-methylbenzoic acid with the amino group of cyclopropylamine.


name: 2-[(2R,3S,6R)-3-benzamido-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-yl]acetic acid methyl ester


An N-{1-[(naphthalen-2-yl)amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl}benzamide that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-benzoyl-D-phenylalanine with the amino group of 2-aminonaphthalene.


name: acetic acid [4-[[3-[5-(2-furanyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]anilino]-oxomethyl]phenyl] ester


NOVOBIOCIC ACID

A hydroxycoumarin that is the aglycone of novobiocin.


name: 4-chloro-3-[[(2-methyl-3-nitrophenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid methyl ester


name: 4-[[[3-(1-azepanylsulfonyl)-4-chlorophenyl]-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid 2-(diethylamino)ethyl ester


A member of the class of benzamides carrying two bromo substituents at positions 3 and 5 as well as a hydroxy substituent at position 4.


name: 2-[(2S,3S,6S)-3-benzamido-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-yl]acetic acid methyl ester


name: 2-(3-chlorophenoxy)acetic acid [4-[(4-methylanilino)-oxomethyl]phenyl] ester


PDGF RTK inhibitor

A member of the class of quinolines that acts as a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and apoptosis inducer with potential for use in treatment of leukemia and colorectal cancer.


name: 3-(2-furanyl)-2-propenoic acid [3-bromo-5-[[[(2-hydroxyphenyl)-oxomethyl]hydrazinylidene]methyl]phenyl] ester


name: 2-[(2R,3R,6R)-3-benzamido-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-yl]acetic acid methyl ester


MEPRONIL

A member of the class of benzamides, obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-methylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 3-(ispropyloxy)aniline. A fungicide used to control diseases caused by Basidomycetes including Rhizoctonia and Puccinia spp.


name: 2-[[(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]-4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid methyl ester


fusarithioamide A

A member of the class of benzamides that is 2-aminobenzoic acid in which the hydrogen atom of the carboxy group has been substituted by a [(1S)-1-hydroxy-3-mercaptopropyl]nitrilo group and in which one of the the hydrogens of the amino group has been substituted by a (2R)-2-aminopropanoyl group. It is a metabolite isolated from the endophytic fungus, Fusarium chlamydosporium.


A member of the class of quinolines that is the amide obtained from formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)quinoline-4-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 2-aminobenzamide.


An L-asparagine derivative that is L-asparagine in which the amino group undergoes formal consensation with the carboxy group of benzoic acid and in which the carboxy OH group is replaced by a (4-nitrophenyl)amino group. It is an asparaginyl endopeptidase substrate.


name: 2-[(2S,3S,6R)-3-benzamido-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-yl]acetic acid methyl ester


salicylanilide

An amide of salicylic acid and of aniline; it is therefore both a salicylamide and an anilide.


name: 5-bromo-2-furancarboxylic acid (3-benzamidophenyl) ester


name: 2-[[oxo-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)methyl]amino]benzoic acid ethyl ester


An N-{1-[(naphthalen-2-yl)amino]-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl}benzamide that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-benzoyl-L-phenylalanine with the amino group of 2-aminonaphthalene.


N-propylbenzamide

A member of the class the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a propyl group at the N atom. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism.


name: N-[3-[[(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]phenyl]carbamic acid ethyl ester


dilevalol

A 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide that has 1R,2R-configuration.


ARFOLITIXORIN

The (6R)-stereoisomer of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolic acid.


A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by an acetylamino group at position 2. It is an antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces aurantiogriseus and has been shown to exhibit antifungal activity.


name: 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetic acid [2-[4-[(4-ethoxyanilino)-oxomethyl]anilino]-2-oxoethyl] ester


(R,S)-labetolol

A 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide that has 1R,2S-configuration.


name: 2-[(2R,3S,6S)-3-benzamido-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-yl]acetic acid methyl ester


8-desmethylnovobiocic acid

A hydroxycoumarin that is novobiocic acid lacking the 8-methyl group.


name: 4-[[(4-tert-butylphenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]-3-methyl-2-sulfanylidene-5-thiazolecarboxylic acid ethyl ester


name: acetic acid [2-[(2,5-dimethoxyanilino)-oxomethyl]phenyl] ester


A member of the class of  isoindoles that is 1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione substituted at position 5 by a 4-bromoanilinocarbonyl group and at position 2 by a 4-[(4-bromophenyl)carbamoyl]phenyl group.


name: acetic acid [4-[(4-hydroxyanilino)-oxomethyl]-2-methoxyphenyl] ester


salicylanilides

The compound salicylanilide and its derivatives.


myxochelin B

A member of the class of  benzamides obtained by formal condensation of the 1- and 6-amino groups of hexane-1,2,6-triamine with the carboxy groups from two molecules of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid followed by reduction of the amide carbonyl at position 5 to a hydroxy group.


A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-[({5-[(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]-4-ethyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl}sulfanyl)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of 2,3-dimethylaniline.


name: 2-[[(4-fluorophenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid methyl ester


metcamifen

An N-sulfonylcarboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the sulfamoyl group of 4-[(methylcarbamoyl)amino]benzene-1-sulfonamide with the carboxy group of 2-methoxybenzoic acid. It is a herbicide safener applied as a seed treatment in sorghum.


name: 2-[(2S,3R,6R)-3-benzamido-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-yl]acetic acid methyl ester


(S,S)-labetalol

A 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide that has 1S,2S-configuration.


name: 2-[[(3-methylphenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid (3,5-dimethyl-4-isoxazolyl)methyl ester


name: 3-(1,3-dioxo-2-isoindolyl)propanoic acid [4-[(4-methylanilino)-oxomethyl]phenyl] ester


name: 2-(4-chloro-3-methylphenoxy)acetic acid [4-[(4-methylanilino)-oxomethyl]phenyl] ester


name: 2-[4-[[(3-chlorophenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]phenyl]propanedioic acid dimethyl ester


An aza-steroid that is (8xi,9xi,14xi)-androsta-5,16-diene substituted by (4-fluorobenzoyl)amino and 4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl groups at positions 3S and 17, respectively. It is a potent anti-cancer agent that inhibits androgen synthesis and CYP17A1.


name: 2-[(2R,3R,6S)-3-benzamido-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-yl]acetic acid methyl ester


N-benzoyl-L-phenylalaninol

A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of benzoic acid with the amino group of L-phenylalaninol.


name: 3-[3-[2-(2-carbamoylphenoxy)-1-oxoethyl]-2,5-dimethyl-1-pyrrolyl]propanoic acid methyl ester


TRIBROMSALAN

A salicylanilide derivative with bromo- substituents at C-3 and C-5 of the salicylate moiety and at C-4 of the anilide moiety.


(R)-proglumide

The (R)-enantiomer of the racemic drug proglumide.


name: 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid [4-[(4-methylanilino)-oxomethyl]phenyl] ester


name: N,N-dimethylsulfamic acid [3-[(4-methoxyanilino)-oxomethyl]phenyl] ester


exalamide

An benzamide that is salicylamide in which the phenolic hydroxy group has been converted into the corresponding hexyl ether. It has been used as a topical antifungal agent.


name: acetic acid [2-[anilino(oxo)methyl]phenyl] ester


A dicarboxylic acid diamide obtained by condensation of the 3- and 4'-carboxy groups of 6-methyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-3,4'-dicarboxylic acid with cyclpropylamine and cyclpropylmethylamine respectively.


poly(deoxythymidylic acid)

A polynucleotide comprised of 2'-deoxythymidine units connected via 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


indolocarbazole

Compounds based upon an indolo[2,3-a]carbazole skeleton.


An indolocarbazole compound having methoxy groups at positions 3 and 9 and an additional fused pyrrolidine-2,5-dione ring. It is an inhibitor of BRSK2 kinase, PDGF-dependent receptor autophosphorylation and cell proliferation.


7-oxo-3,8,9-trihydroxy staurosporine

A indolocarbazole alkaloid that is staurosporine substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 8 and 9 and an oxo group at position 7. Isolated from Cystodytes solitus, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.


A indolocarbazole alkaloid that is 4'-N-demethyl staurosporine substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 8 and 9 and an xo group at position 7. Isolated from Cystodytes solitus, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.


linkable staurosporine analogue

An analogue of staurosporine where the N-methyl group is replaced by a long-chain acyl group.


Any glycoside derived from beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine


A glycsyl glycoside derivative that is 2-amino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy group has been converted into the corresponding beta-D-galactopyranoside.


A glycosyl glycoside derivative that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy group has been converted into the corresponding alpha-D-glucopyranosyl derivative.


name: alpha,alpha-trehalose dicarboxylic acid bis-N,N-dioctadecylamide

description: A dicarboxylic acid diamide obtained by formal condensation of one molecule of alpha,alpha-trehalose dicarboxylic acid and two molecules of dioctadecylamine.


An amino disaccharide consisting of an alpha-D-glucopyranose residue and a 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose residue joined in sequence by a (1->4) glycosidic bond.


A secondary alcohol that is 3-methylpentane substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group.


3-hydroxy steroid

Any hydroxy steroid carrying a hydroxy group at position 3.


FRUTICOSIDE A

A  3beta-hydroxy steroid that is 4-methylergosta-7,24(28)-dien-3-ol substituted by additional hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 21 (the 2alpha,3beta,4alpha,5alpha stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the roots of Breynia fruticosa and exhibits cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines.


A C21-steroid in which a pregnane skeleton carries a beta-hydroxy group at position 3, an alpha-hydroxy group at position 20 and a double bond between positions 4 and 5.


3alpha-hydroxy steroid

A 3-hydroxy steroid in which the 3-hydroxy substituent is in the alpha-position.


ISOFUCOSTEROL

A 3beta-sterol consisting of stigmastan-3beta-ol with double bonds at positions 5 and 24(28). The double bond at postion 24(28) adopts a Z-configuration.


ergostane sterol

Any sterol based on an ergostane skeleton and its derivatives.


A cholestanoid that is 5alpha-cholest-7-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and two methyl groups at position 4.


A 3beta sterol that is 5alpha-androstane which is substituted by beta-hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17 and by an alpha-hydroxy group at position 7.


Any sterol that contains a double bond between positions 7 and 8.


An oxysterol that is (24S,25)-epoxycholesterol bearing a hydroxy substituent at the 7alpha-position.


An oxysterol that is the 22R-hydroxy derivative of cholesterol.


A steroid glucosiduronic that is 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol carrying a glucosiduronic acid residue at position 17.


A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 16.


A 3-hydroxy steroid that is obtained by formal dehydrogenation across positions 7 and 8 of 17beta-estradiol.


A sterol that is cholestanol in which the hydrogen at the 6alpha position has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


An oxaspiro compound that is(5beta,25R)-spirostan substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.


A steroid glucosiduronic acid that is 5alpha-androstane-3beta,17beta-diol having a single beta-D-glucuronic acid residue attached at position 17.


An oxysterol that is cholesterol which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 24S and 25.


A brassinosteroid that is castasterone in which the oxo group at position 6 has been converted to a hydroxy group (the 6alpha-stereoisomer).


cholestanol 7alpha,8alpha-epoxide

A cholestanoid that is lathosterol in which the double bond at position 7,8 has been oxidised to the corresponding epoxide (the 7alpha,8alpha stereoisomer).


A 3beta-sterol that is ergosterol having an additional double bond at position 14.


B-norcholesterol

A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is cholesterol in which a methylene (CH2) group has been removed from the B-ring.


A cholestanoid obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (25R)-3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oic acid with the amino group of taurine.


A 3beta-sterol that is 5alpha-cholest-8-en-3beta-ol carrying an additional carboxy substituent at position 4alpha.


esculeogenin A

A sapogenin that is spirosolane substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 23 and 27 (the 3beta,5alpha,22alpha,23S,25S stereoisomer).


A 3beta-sterol that is 5alpha-cholest-8(14)-en-3beta-ol bearing an alpha-methyl substituent at position 4.


A 3beta-sterol that is 5alpha-ergosta-8,24(28)-diene substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 4 and a beta-hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from the mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis.


A 3beta-sterol that consists of 4beta-methylzymosterol in which the 4alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxymethyl group.


convallasaponin A

A steroid saponin that consists of (1beta,3beta,5beta,25S)-spirostan-1,3,17-triol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->3)]-6-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated from the rhizomes of Convallaria majalis and exhibits significant cytotoxicity against human submandibular gland carcinoma (HSG) cells.


The 5alpha-stereoisomer of bufol.


A 3beta-sterol that is zymosterol which carries a hyroxymethyl group at position 4.


fecosterol

A 3beta-sterol having a 5alpha-ergostane skeleton with a methylidene group at C-24 and double bonds at the C-8 and C-24(28) positions.


A 3-hydroxy steroid that is solanid-5-ene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3.


A 4-hydroxymethylzymosterol in which the hydroxymethyl group at position 4 has alpha-configuration.


A 3beta-sterol that is cholesterol substituted at position 7 by an amino group.


A steroid acid that has a carboxy group located at the 4alpha-position and a hydroxy substituent located at the 3beta-position.


ANDROSTANDIOL

The 5alpha-stereoisomer of androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol.


A 3beta-sterol that is cholesterol carrying an oxo group at position 22.


A 3beta sterol that is 5alpha-androstane which is substituted by beta-hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17 and by an alpha-hydroxy group at position 6.


A 3beta-sterol that is methyl-5alpha-ergosta-8,14,24(28)-trien-3beta-ol carrying an additional 4alpha-methyl substituent.


An oxysterol that is cholesterol which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4beta and 24S.


A 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid that is that is cholestan-3beta-ol in which the hydrogens at position 4 have been replaced by methyl groups and a double bond has been introduced between positions 8 and 14.


cycloartane sterol

Any sterol based on a cycloartane skeleton and its derivatives.


brassicasterol

An 3beta-sterol that is (22E)-ergosta-5,22-diene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3beta. It is a phytosterol found in marine algae, fish, and rapeseed oil.


A 3beta-sterol consisting of an ergostane skeleton with double bonds at 7- and 22-positions.


A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is teasterone lacking the oxo substituent at position 6.


bolandiol

A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is estr-4-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at positions 3 and 17. It is a synthetic anabolic steroid that is used as a dietary supplement by athletes to enhance performance.


A 7alpha,24-dihydroxycholesterol in which has R configuration at position 24.


6alpha,20xi-murideoxycholic acid

The 6alpha,20xi-stereoisomer of murideoxycholic acid.


A brassinosteroid that is brassinolide in which the hydroxy group at position 2 has been replaced by a hydrogen atom.


5beta-Cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24,26-pentol with S-configuration at C-24.


ANDROSTANEDIOL

An androstane-3,17-diol that is 5alpha-androstane substituted by beta-hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a metabolite of dihydrotestosterone.


A 3beta-sterol that is  zymosterol substituted by a 4alpha-methyl group.


A 3beta-sterol that consists of 4beta-methylzymosterol in which the 4alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a carboxy group.


An oxysterol that is the 22S-hydroxy derivative of cholesterol.


A phytosterol consiting of ergostane having double bonds at the 5,6- and 7,8-positions as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group.


dehydroergosterol

A phytosterol consiting of ergostane having double bonds at the 5,6-, 7,8- 9,11- and 22,23-positions as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group.


A 3beta-sterol having double bonds in the 5-, 7- and 22-positions and a methylene group at position 24.


An oxysterol that is cholesterol which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7alpha and 22R.


DIHYDRODIGOXIGENIN

A hydroxy steroid that is the 20,22-dihydro derivative of digoxigenin, consisting of 5beta-cardanolide with hydroxy groups at the 3beta-, 12beta- and 14beta-positions.


A steroid acid that is 3beta-hydroxy-4alpha-methyl-5alpha-cholesta-8,24-diene in which the hydrogen at the 4beta position has been replaced by a carboxy group.


brassinolide 23-O-alpha-D-glucoside

A brassinosteroid that is brassinolide carrying an alpha-D-glucosyl residue at position O-23.


A cholestanoid that is cholest-6-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and a peroxy group between positions 5 and 8 (the 5alpha,8alpha stereoisomer). Isolated from the sea urchin Diadema setosum, it exhibits cytotoxicity against variuos cancer cell lines.


stigmastane sterol

Any sterol based on a stigmastane skeleton.


A 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid with an unknown acyl group attached at position 25.


crinosterol

A 3beta-sterol that is campesterol in which position 22 has been dehydrogenated to introduce a double bond. It is a phytosterol found in marine algae, mussels, crinoids, mites and plants.


A 3-hydroxy steroid that is obtained by formal dehydrogenation across positions 6 and 7 of 17beta-estradiol.


A 3-hydroxy steroid that is (22E)-19-norcholesta-1,3,5(10),22-tetraene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3.It is isolated from the Hainan soft coral Dendronephthya studeri.


A hydroxy steroid that consists of 5beta-cardanolide having a double bond at the 20(22)-position as well as hydroxy groups at the 3alpha,- 12beta- and 14beta-positions.


A stigmastane sterol that is sitosterol substituted by a hydroxy group at position 22S.


A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 24,26-cyclo-19-norcholesta-1,3,5(10),22-tetraene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. It is isolated from the Hainan soft coral Dendronephthya studeri.


5beta-Cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,24-triol with S-configuration at C-24.


A steroid glucosiduronic acid that is 2-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol having a single beta-D-glucuronic acid residue attached at position 2.


pregnane sterol

Any sterol based on a pregnane skeleton and its derivatives.


The 5beta-stereoisomer of bufol.


A 3beta-sterol formed formally by loss of a methyl group from the 14-position of lanosterol.


A 3beta-sterol having a 5alpha-ergostane skeleton with double bonds at C-6, C-9(11), C-22 and C-25 and a peroxy group between positions 5 and 8. An antineoplastic agent isolated from Okinawan sponge of the genus Axinyssa.


A 3alpha-hydroxy steroid that is androst-5-ene carrying three additional hydroxy groups at positions 3alpha, 16beta and 17beta.


androstane sterol

Any sterol based on a androstane skeleton and its derivatives.


lanostane sterol

Any sterol based on a lanostane skeleton and its derivatives.


An oxysterol that is cholesterol which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 24S and 27 and has S-configuration at position 25.


A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is  sitosterol substituted by an additional alpha-hydroxy group at position 7. It has been isolated from the roots of Breynia fruticosa.


Any 3beta-hydroxy steroid which is substituted by two methyl groups at position 4.


A 3beta-sterol that is 5alpha-cholest-8-en-3beta-ol carrying carboxy and methyl substituents at position 4.


A 3-hydroxy steroid that is obtained by formal dehydration at the 17-position of estradiol.


The 3-alpha-hydroxy epimer of 6-deoxocathasterone.


A brassinosteroid that is campesterol bearing an additional 22S-hydroxy substituent.


oleandrigenin

A steroid ester that is the 16-acetyl derivative of gitoxigenin.


A steroid glucosiduronic acid that is 4-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol having a single beta-D-glucuronic acid residue attached at position 4.


5beta-Cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24-tetrol with S-configuration at C-24.


Typhasterol in which the oxygen atom of the keto group has been substituted by two hydrogen atoms. A member of a biosynthetic pathway to castasterone, it has been isolated from the primary roots of maize.


A 3beta-sterol that is 5alpha-cholestane-3beta-ol having double bonds at the 8,9- and 14,15- positions.


A 3beta-sterol having the structure of desmosterol with an extra double bond at C-7--C-8.


A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is beta-hydroxyandrost-5-ene carrying two additional hydroxy groups at positions 7alpha and 17beta.


A member of the class of phytosterols that is coprostanol carrying an additional ethyl substituent at position 24.


A 3alpha-hydroxy steroid that is castasterone which is lacking the oxo substituent at position 6.


A cholestanoid that zymosterol in which the two methyl groups at positions 26 and 27 have been replaced by a  cyclopropane ring.


Any 3beta-hydroxy-steroid that contains a double bond between positions 5 and 6.


An oxysterol that is cholesterol which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 7alpha and 26 positions.


A 7alpha,24-dihydroxycholesterol in which has S configuration at position 24.


A 3-hydroxy steroid that is (22E,24S)-24-methyl-19-norcholesta-1,3,5(10),22-tetraene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. It is isolated from Hainan soft coral Dendronephthya studeri.


24(S), 25-epoxycholesterol

A 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid that is desmosterol in which the double bond at position 24-25 has been oxidised to the corresponding epoxide (the 24S diastereoisomer). It is an oxysterol agonist of the liver X receptor.


A 3-hydroxy steroid resulting from deoxygenation at position 17 of estradiol or estrone.


A 7alpha,26-dihydroxycholesterol that has R configuration at position 25.


A 3beta-sterol that is 5alpha-cholest-8-en-3beta-ol carrying an additional methyl substituent at position 4alpha.


estradiol

A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17.


A 3beta-sterol that is 5alpha-cholest-8-en-3beta-ol carrying hydroxymethyl and methyl substituents at position 4.


An oxysterol that is cholesterol carrying two additional hydroxy groups at the 4beta and 7alpha positions.


A 3beta-sterol that is 5alpha-stigmasta-7,24(28)-dien-3beta-ol which is substituted at the 4alpha position by a hydroxymethyl group and in which the 24(28) double bond has Z configuration.


A 3beta-hydroxy steroid, the 4-methyl derivative of zymosterol.


3beta-hydroxy steroid

A 3-hydroxy steroid in which the 3-hydroxy substituent is in the  beta-position.


Any sterol containing two double bonds between positions 5-6 and 7-8.


estrane sterol

Any sterol based on an estrane skeleton and its derivatives.


dihydrodigitoxin

A cardanolide glycoside that is the 20,22-dihydro derivative of digitoxin.


omega-hydroxyfinasteride

A metabolite of finasteride.


A 3-hydroxy steroid that is (22E)-19,24-dinorcholesta-1,3,5(10),22-tetraene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. It is isolated from the Hainan soft coral Dendronephthya studeri.


A 3beta-sterol that is 24-methylidenelophenol in which the methyl group at position 4 has been oxidised to the corresponding hydroxymethyl group.


The 7-oxime of dehydroepiandrosterone, substituted on the oxime oxygen by a carboxymethyl group.


A  3-hydroxy steroid that is 19-norcholesta-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. It is isolated from Hainan soft coral Dendronephthya studeri.


A cholestanoid that is cholestanol substituted by a hydroxy group at position 24S.


leucisterol

A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmasta-5,22-diene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 20 (the 3beta,22E stereoisomer). Isolated from the whole plants of Leucas urticifolia, it exhibits cholinesterase inhibitory activity.


An oxysterol that is cholesterol which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 24S and 26.


DIGITOXIGENIN

A 5beta-cardenolide that is 5beta-cardanolide with hydroxy substituents at the 3beta- and 14beta-positions and double bond unsaturation at C(20)-C(22).


An estradiol that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17 (the 17alpha stereoisomer).


A sterol in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has beta- configuration.


A brassinosteroid that is brassinolide carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 26.


fungisterol

An ergostanoid that is 5alpha-ergost-7-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from the mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis.


A 3beta-sterol consisting of an ergostane skeleton with double bonds at positions 8(9) and 22.


A 3beta-sterol having the structure of campestanol with a hydroxy group at the 6alpha-position.


pennogenin

An oxaspiro compound that is spirost-5-en substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17 (3beta,25R stereoisomer).


COPROSTANOL

A member of the class of phytosterols that is 5beta-cholestane carrying a hydroxy substituent at the 3beta-position.


MUROCHOLIC ACID

A 3alpha-hydroxy steroid that is cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 6.


A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is androst-5-en-3beta-ol in which the 17beta-hydrogen has been replaced by a 1,3-dihydroxy-3,3-bis(trifluoromethyl)propyl group. NCS172285 (also known as acts as NSC12) has been used as an extracellular fibroblast growth factor (FGF) trap with implications in cancer therapy. The stereochemistry shown is that of the most active stereoisomer, as determined by Mattia Anselmi (PhD thesis, University of Parma, 2015).


An oxysterol that is cholesterol substituted at position 26 by a hydroxy group.


halosterol B

A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is (3beta)-stigmasta-4,6-diene-3-ol with an additional hydroxy group at position 22 (the 22R stereoisomer). Isolated from the whole plants of Haloxylon recurvum, it exhibits chymotrypsin inhibitory activity.


A 3beta-sterol that is 5alpha-cholest-8-en-3beta-ol carrying an additional hydroxymethyl substituent at position 4alpha.


A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a methoxy group.


oxysterol

An oxygenated derivative of cholesterol


A  3-hydroxy steroid that is (22E,24R)-24-methyl-19-norcholesta-1,3,5(10),22-tetraene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. It is isolated from Hainan soft coral Dendronephthya studeri.


A 3beta-sterol having the structure of cholesterol with a methylene group at C-24.


A 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid that is campesterol carrying two hydroxy groups at positions 22R and 23R.


gadoterate meglumine

An organoammonium salt obtained by reaction of gadoteric acid with one equivalent of 1-deoxy-1-(methylamino)-D-glucitol (meglumine). It is used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in brain (intracranial), spine and associated tissues of patients ages 2 years and older, to detect and visualise areas with disruption of the blood brain barrier and/or abnormal vascularity of the central nervous system.


A sulfoglycosphingolipid that is sphingosine substituted on O-1 by a 3-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactosyl group; sulfatide in which one acyl chain has been removed by ozonolysis.


An alpha-D-Glcp-(1->3)-D-Galp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has alpha configuration.


alpha-glucoside

A glucoside in which the anomeric carbon of the glycosidic bond is in an alpha configuration


A disaccaride that is alpha-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been converted into the corresponding alpha-D-glucopyranoside.


A synthetic alpha-D-glucoside that is a branched decasaccharide derivative consisting of alpha-L-rhamnosyl, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl and alpha-D-glucosyl residues linked sequentially (1->3) and (1->4), to the alpha-D-glucosyl residue at the reducing end are also linked alpha-L-rhamnosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues via (1->3) and (1->6) linkages respectively. An aminoethyl linker from the reducing-end Glc residue allows for efficient conjugation to a carrier protein.


NEAMINE

2-Deoxy-D-streptamine glycosylated at the 4-oxygen with a 6-amino-alpha-D-glucosaminyl group.


2-naphthyl alpha-D-glucoside

An alpha-D-glucoside that is alpha-D-glucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 2-naphthyl group.


An alpha-D-glucoside that is the 5-aminopentyl glycoside of a tetrasaccharide consisting of alpha-D-galactosyl, beta-D-glucuronosyl, beta-D-glucosyl and alpha-D-glucosyl residues linked sequentially (1->4).


A glucosylglycerol consisting of an alpha-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 2 of glycerol via a glycosidic bond.


A disaccharide that is D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted into the corresponding alpha-D-glucopyranosyl derivative.


A trisaccharide that is D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-D-glucopyranoside, while that at position 1 has been converted into the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside.


An alpha-D-glucoside that is the 5-aminopentyl glycoside of a branched hexasaccharide consisting of beta-D-mannosyl, alpha-D-glucosyl, beta-D-glucosyl, beta-D-mannosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues linked sequentially (1->4), (1->3), (1->4) and (1->4), to the mannosyl residue proximal to the reducing end of which has also linked (1->3) to it an alpha-D-glucuronosyl residue. The 5-aminopentyl group at the reducing end is a spacer to enable further conjugation to a carrier protein for immunological studies.


An alpha-D-glucoside that is the 5-aminopentyl glycoside of a branched tetrasaccharide consisting of beta-D-glucosyl, beta-D-mannosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues linked sequentially (1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which has also linked (1->3) to it an alpha-D-glucuronosyl residue. The 5-aminopentyl group at the reducing end is a spacer to enable further conjugation to a carrier protein for immunological studies.


alpha,beta-trehalose

A trehalose in which one of the glucose residues has alpha-configuration at the anomeric carbon, while the other has alpha-configuration.


An alpha-D-Glcp-(1->3)-D-Galp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has beta configuration.


An alpha-D-glucoside that is the 5-aminopentyl glycoside of a branched pentasaccharide consisting of alpha-D-glucosyl, beta-D-glucosyl, beta-D-mannosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues linked sequentially (1->3), (1->4) and (1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which has also linked (1->3) to it an alpha-D-glucuronosyl residue. The 5-aminopentyl group at the reducing end is a spacer to enable further conjugation to a carrier protein for immunological studies.


A branched octasaccharide consisting of beta-D-glucosyl, beta-D-mannosyl, alpha-D-glucosyl, beta-D-glucosyl, beta-D-mannosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues linked sequentially (1->4), (1->4), (1->3), (1->4) and (1->4), with both mannosyl residues also having linked (1->3) to them alpha-D-glucuronosyl residues.


alpha-L-glucoside

Any L-glucoside in which the anomeric centre has alpha-configuration.


octyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside

An alpha-D-glucoside in which the anomeric hydrogen of alpha-D-glucopyranose is substituted by an octyl group.


An alpha-D-glucoside deoxygenated at C-2 and C-6.


An alpha-D-glucoside that is the 5-aminopentyl glycoside of a branched octasaccharide consisting of beta-D-glucosyl, beta-D-mannosyl, alpha-D-glucosyl, beta-D-glucosyl, beta-D-mannosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues linked sequentially (1->4), (1->4), (1->3), (1->4) and (1->4), with both mannosyl residues also having linked (1->3) to them alpha-D-glucuronosyl residues. The 5-aminopentyl group at the reducing end is a spacer to enable further conjugation to a carrier protein for immunological studies.


MALTITOL

An alpha-D-glucoside consisting of D-glucitol having an alpha-D-glucosyl residue attached at the 4-position. Used as a sugar substitute.


anabolic androgenic steroid

A steroid hormone related to the hormone testosterone. It increases protein synthesis within cells, which results in the buildup of cellular tissue (anabolism), especially in muscles. It also has androgenic and virilizing properties.


name: 4-(4-methylphenyl)-2-[[oxo-(2-oxo-1-benzopyran-3-yl)methyl]amino]-3-thiophenecarboxylic acid ethyl ester


A sialopentaosylceramide having beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc as the sialopentaosyl component.


name: coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 1

category: biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: Any coronary artery disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CX3CR1 gene.


amorphous cellulose

A (1->4)-beta-D-glucan (cellulose) in amorphous form with a structure consisting of several hundred to over ten thousand D-glucose residues joined by beta(1->4) glycosidic linkages.


macromolecule

A macromolecule is a molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass.


Major species at pH 7.3


lentinan

A 1,3 beta-glucan polysaccharide with beta-1,6 branching  isolated from the edible mushroom Lentinula edodes. It has a molecular weight of around 500,000 Da; the exact composition is unknown.


A mannan consisting of repeating branched pentamannoside units joined via alpha-(1->6)-linkages.


poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)

A polymer composed of repeating sodium 4-ethylbenzenesulfonate units.


A glycosaminoglycan composed of a backbone of repeating beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine units joined by (1->4)-linkages. The capsular polysaccharide produced by the E. coli K5 strain.


A beta-D-glucan of more than 20 D-glucose residues joined by beta-(1->3) and beta-(1->6) glycosidic linkages.


brominated poly[d(GC)]

A single-stranded DNA polynucleotide consisting of a repeating unit of brominated deoxyguanosine and deoxycytidine residues, with all residues connected by 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.  The sites of bromination are at C-8 of guanine and C-5 of cytosine, although not all these sites are brominated, with bromination at the guanine C-8 predominating.


A polysaccharide composed of a backbone of alpha-galactopyranosyl-(1->3)-galactofuranosyl repeating units that are joined to each other also via beta-(1->3)-linkages; corresponds to the repeating unit of the O-specific polysaccharide from Plesiomonas shigelloides strain CNCTC 78/79, although in this species the O-acetylation is incomplete.


poly(deoxyadenylic acid)

A polynucleotide comprised of 2'-deoxyadenosine units connected via 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages. It is sometimes attached to eukaryotic messenger RNA and stabilizes the molecule before transport from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.


glucuronoxylan

A xylan composed of a beta-(1->4)-linked D-xylose backbone substituted with glucuronic acid residues.


maltodextrin

A dextrin in which the D-glucose units are linked by alpha-(1->4) glycosidic bonds.


VSWKTWFPNLAV

A twelve-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Val-Ser-Trp-Lys-Thr-Trp-Phe-Pro-Asn-Leu-Ala-Val.


QINTAKWWKTHF

A twelve-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Gln-Ile-Asn-Thr-Ala-Lys-Trp-Trp-Lys-Thr-His-Phe.


polyethylene macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of ethane or substituted ethane units.


A polysaccharide composed of a backbone of linear trisaccharide repeating units that are joined to each other via alpha-(1->2)-linkages; corresponds to the O repeating unit of Salmonella serogroup E.


osmoregulated periplasmic glucan

A branched glucan of 5 to 40 glucosyl residues found in the Gram-negative bacterial envelope. Can be substituted by non-sugar moieties, such as phosphoglycerol, phosphoethanolamine, phosphocholine, acetyl, succinyl and methylmalonyl. Osmoregulated periplasmic glucans show distinct structural diversity in their glucose backbones depending on the species they are produced by.


GlyTouCan G57818FI

A polysaccharide that is GlyTouCan G22140GZ in which the 2-acetamido-beta-D-glucopyranosyl group bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has been glycosylated at position 6 by an alpha-L-fucosyl group. For the structure shown, one of the R1 atoms and one of the R2 atoms represents a ?-D-Gal-(1->?)-?-D-GlcNAc-(1->?)- group; the remaining R1 and R2 atoms are hydrogens.


nisin

A type-A lantibiotic containing 34 amino acid residues (including lanthionine (Lan), methyllanthionine (MeLan), didehydroalanine (Dha) and didehydroaminobutyric acid (Dhb)) and five thioether bridges. It is obtained by fermentation of the bacterium Lactococcus lactis and shows particular activity against Clostridium botulinum. It is used in the production of various processed foods to suppress Gram-positive spoilage and pathogenic bacteria and so extend shelf life.


nanofibrillar cellulose

A (1->4)-beta-D-glucan consisting of elementary cellulose fibrils or their bundles, whose diameter lies typically in the range of 20-40 nm, but may be as small as 3-10 nm. The fibrils can exceed 1 mum in length.


epidermin

A type A lantibiotic that is a tetracyclic 21-amino-acid peptide which contains meso-lanthionine, 3-methyllanthionine, and S-(2-aminovinyl)-D-cysteine. It is obtained from Staphylococcus epidermidis Tue 3298 and exhibits antibiotic activity against many Gram-positive bacteria.


mastoparan-B

A member of the class of mastopyrans that is a 14-amino acid polypeptide comprising leucyl, lysyl, leucyl, lysyl, seryl, isoleucyl, valyl, seryl, tryptophyl, alanyl, lysyl, lysyl, valyl, and leucinamide residues coupled in sequence. It is the major active component of the venom of the hornet Vespa basalis and causes degranulation of mast cells. It exhibits antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria as well as haemolytic activity on chicken, human and sheep erythrocytes.


mastoparan-D

A member of the class of mastopyrans that is a 14-amino acid polypeptide comprising isoleucyl, asparaginyl, leucyl, lysyl, alanyl, isoleucyl, alanyl, alanyl, phenylalanyl, alanyl, lysyl, lysyl, leucyl, and leucinamide residues coupled in sequence. It is the major active component of the venom of the hornet Vespa ducalis and causes degranulation of mast cells. It exhibits antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria as well as haemolytic activity on chicken, human and sheep erythrocytes.


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a 4-bromobenzoyl group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a {3-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propanoyl} group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


A polysaccharide composed of a backbone of linear trisaccharide repeating units consisting of alpha-L-rhamnose, alpha-D-galactose and alpha-D-mannose residues linked sequentially (1->3) and (1->2), the repeating units being joined to each other via alpha(1->2)-linkages; corresponds to the backbone of the O-antigen repeat unit of the O:12 antigen common to Salmonella serogroups A, B and D.


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising an octanoyl group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


A branched beta-D-glucan that consists of a beta-1,3-linked nonaglucan backbone with a beta-1,3-glucotetraose branch at the 6-O-position of the nonaglucan central sugar unit.


galactan

Polysaccharides composed of galactose residues.


polynucleotide

A nucleobase-containing molecular entity with a polymeric structure comprised of a linear sequence of 13 or more nucleotide residues.


FPAWFTKLYPRT

A twelve-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Phe-Pro-Ala-Trp-Phe-Thr-Lys-Leu-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Thr.


heteroglycan

A polysaccharide composed of two or more different types of monosaccharides,


copolymer macromolecule

A macromolecule derived from two or more species of monomer.


A mismatched double-stranded RNA with one strand being a polymer of inosinic acid, the other a polymer of cytidylic acid.


A twelve-membered oligopeptide comprising AcAsp, N(6)-[lipoyl]-Lys, Ala, Thr, Ile, Gly, Phe, Glu, Val, Gln, Glu and Glu residues joined in sequence.


Jeffamine ED-2001

A diamine in which two primary amino groups are at either end of what is essentially a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)backbone, consisting of blocks of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. In the diagram, m ~ 39,; (l + n) ~ 6. The compound is one of a series of related compounds commonly used to crystallise proteins.


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a 3-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


rRNA containing N(3)-methyluridine

A ribonucleic acid that is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in which one of the RNA bases is N(3)-methyluridine.


GlyTouCan G39397SW

A polysaccharide that is GlyTouCan G57818FI in which the terminal galactosyl groups have each been glycosylated by an N-glycolylneuraminic acid group. For the structure shown, one of the R1 atoms and one of the R2 atoms represents a ?-Neu5Gc-(1->?)-?-D-Gal-(1->?)-?-D-GlcNAc-(1->?)- group; the remaining R1 and R2 atoms are hydrogens.


rRNA containing N(4)-methylcytosine

A ribonucleic acid that is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in which one of the RNA bases is N(4)-methylcytosine.


A branched polysaccharide composed of a backbone of repeating alpha-D-rhamnosyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-rhamnosyl-(1->2)-[alpha-D-rhamnosyl-(1->3)]-alpha-D-rhamnosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-rhamnosyl units, joined by (1->3)-linkages.


A ionic polymer obtained by global deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of any RNA linked to an adenine ribonucleotide in 3'; major structure at pH 7.3.


GlyTouCan G42358LZ

An amino polysaccharide that is alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[beta-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc in which one hydroxy group in each of the terminal mannose moieties has been converted into the corresponding Neu5Ac-(1->?)-?-D-Gal-(1->?)-?-D-GlcNAc-(1->?)- glycoside. For the structure shown, one of the R1 atoms and one of the R2 atoms represents a Neu5Ac-(1->?)-?-D-Gal-(1->?)-?-D-GlcNAc-(1->?)- group; the remaining R1 and R2 aroms are hydrogens.


amyloid-beta polypeptide 40

A beta-amyloid that is a 40 amino acid polypeptide of sequence Asp Ala Glu Phe Arg His Asp Ser Gly Tyr Glu Val His His Gln Lys Leu Val Phe Phe Ala Glu Asp Val Gly Ser Asn Lys Gly Ala Ile Ile Gly Leu Met Val Gly Gly Val Val.


lichenin

A glucan that is a major polysaccharide component of Cetraria islandica (Iceland moss). It is composed of beta-D-glucopyranose units linked in a linear manner by (1->4) and  (1->3) glycosidic bonds.


arabinogalactan

A polysaccharide composed of repeating units of arabinosylgalactose.


KGKGKGKGKGENPVVHFFYNIVTPRTP

A linear 27-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Glu-Asn-Pro-Val-Val-His-Phe-Phe-Tyr-Asn-Ile-Val-Thr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Pro. Corresponds to the sequence of the myelin basic protein 83-99 (MBP83-99) immunodominant epitope with the lysyl residue at position 91 replaced by tyrosyl [MBP83-99(Y(91))] and with an (L-lysylglycyl)5 [(KG5)] linker attached to the glutamine(83) (E(83)) residue.


A polymer composed of repeating cis-2-methylbut-2-ene units.


hemicellulose

Hemicelluloses are polysaccharides in plant cell walls that have beta-(1->4)-linked backbones with an equatorial configuration. Hemicelluloses include xyloglucans, xylans, mannans and glucomannans, and beta-(1->3,1->4)-glucans.


nonyl phenoxypolyethoxylethanol

Poly(ether) macoromolecule comprising a branched nonyl group bonded to one of the ring positions in 2-[phenoxypoly(ethoxy)]ethanol. A commericially available detergent, it is used to help crystallise proteins and extract the cytoplasmic contents of cellular culture.


mastoparan-M

A member of the class of mastopyrans that is a 14-amino acid polypeptide comprising isoleucyl, asparaginyl, leucyl, lysyl, alanyl, isoleucyl, alanyl, alanyl, leucyl, alanyl, lysyl, lysyl, leucyl, and leucinamide residues coupled in sequence. It is the major active component of the venom of the hornet Vespa mandarinia and causes degranulation of mast cells. It exhibits antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria as well as haemolytic activity on chicken, human and sheep erythrocytes.


heparosan L-iduronic acid

A heparan composed of a backbone of repeating alpha-L-iduronosyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosamine units joined by (1->4)-linkages.


triacetylcellulose

A (1->4)-beta-D-glucan compound formed by total acetylation of cellulose.


poly(guanylic acid)

A polynucleotide comprised of guanosine units connected via 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


mastoparan-AF

A member of the class of mastopyrans that is a 14-amino acid polypeptide comprising isoleucyl, asparaginyl, leucyl, lysyl, alanyl, isoleucyl, alanyl, alanyl, leucyl, alanyl, lysyl, lysyl, leucyl, and phenylalninamide residues coupled in sequence. It is the major active component of the venom of the hornet Vespa affinis and causes degranulation of mast cells. It exhibits antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria as well as haemolytic activity on chicken, human and sheep erythrocytes.


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a {(2E)-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]prop-2-enoyl}- group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


alpha-aminoacyl-tRNA

Any ribonucleic acid that is transfer RNA in which one or more of the free OH groups carries an alpha-aminoacyl group.


C/D box small nucleolar RNA

A small nucleolar RNA that functions in the 2'-O-ribose methylation of target RNA's. C/D box snoRNAs contain two short conserved sequence motifs, C (RUGAUGA) and D (CUGA), located near the 5' and 3' ends of the snoRNA, respectively.


reuteran

A soluble alpha-D-glucan with mainly alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkages but with also significant amounts of alpha(1->6) and alpha(1->4,6) linkages.


glucanotrehalose

A modified linear (1->4)-alpha-D-glucan


A sulfated glycosaminoglycan composed of a backbone of repeating beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->4)-N-sulfonyl-alpha-D-glucosamine units, variably O-sulfated at the 6-position of the glucosamine residues and joined by (1->4)-linkages. The structure provided is representative and shows the most common repeating unit


mucilages A

polysaccharides containing hexose and pentose sugars and uronic acids, is secreted by root cells as the root grows through the soil


A branched polysaccharide composed of a backbone of repeating alpha-D-Rhap-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Fucp-(1->4)]-alpha-D-Rhap-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap units, joined by (1->3)-linkages as shown.


CID 91859537

A polysaccharide consisting of alpha-D-Glcp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->3)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-beta-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-alpha-D-GlcpNAc in which the beta-D-Manp- residue attached to the beta-D-Glcp residue is glycosylated at position 6 by an alpha-D-mannopyranosyl group, which in turn is substituted at positions 3 and 6 by 2-O-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl groups.


A galactan consisting of more than twenty galactose residues joined by beta-(1->4)-glycosidic linkages


semaglutide

A polypeptide that contains a linear sequence of 31 amino acids joined together by peptide linkages. It is an agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors (GLP-1 AR) and used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.


limit dextrin

Limit dextrin is the remaining polymer produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of amylopectine with an amylase.


KGKGKGKGKGENPVVHFFFNIVTPRTP

A linear 27-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Glu-Asn-Pro-Val-Val-His-Phe-Phe-Phe-Asn-Ile-Val-Thr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Pro. Corresponds to the sequence of the myelin basic protein 83-99 (MBP83-99) immunodominant epitope with the lysyl residue at position 91 replaced by phenylalanyl [MBP83-99(F(91))] and with an (L-lysylglycyl)5 [(KG5)] linker attached to the glutamine(83) (E(83)) residue.


heparan sulfate

A linear polysaccharide in which the backbone consists of a variably sulfated repeating disaccharide unit.


glycol nucleic acid

Nucleic acid polymers where the residues have an acyclic three-carbon propylene glycol phosphodiester backbone.


chondroitin D-glucuronate

A mucopolysaccharide composed of repeating beta-D-glucopyranuronosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-N-acetylgalactosaminyl units.


poly(styrene) nanoparticle

A nanoparticle composed of poly(styrene).


STAT3 inhibitor peptide

A linear eighteen-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Pro-Tyr-(PO3H2)-Leu-Lys-Thr-Lys-Ala-Ala-Val-Leu-Leu-Pro-Val-Leu-Leu-Ala-Ala-Pro.


A fructan in which the D-fructose building blocks are connected by beta-(2->1) linkages.


MALTOTRIOSE

A maltotriose trisaccharide in which the glucose residue at the reducing end is in the pyranose ring form and has alpha configuration at the anomeric carbon atom..


A branched beta-D-glucan that consists of a beta-1,3-linked nonaglucan backbone with a beta-1,6-glucotetraose branch at the 6-O-position of the nonaglucan central sugar unit.


corticorelin

A corticotropin-releasing hormone from human/rat composed of Ser, Glu, Glu, Pro, Pro, Ile, Ser, Leu, Asp, Leu, Val, Phe, His, Leu, Leu, Arg, Glu, Val, Leu, Glu, Met, Ala, Arg, Ala, Glu, Gln, Leu, Ala, Gln, Gln, Ala, His, Ser, Asn, Arg, Lys, Leu, Met, Glu, Ile and Ile-NH2 residues joined in sequence.


rRNA containing 2'-O-methyluridine

A ribonucleic acid that is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in which one of the RNA nucleotides is 2'-O-methyluridine 5'-monophosphate.


GlyTouCan G80920RR

A partially-defined glycan consisting of 9 hexosyl and 2 acetaminohexosyl groups (identities and connectivity unknown). Composition: Hex9 HexNAc2.


A polysaccharide that is a branched dodecasaccharide consisting of three repeating tetrasaccharide units; reported to be a possible epitope of the O-antigen polysaccharide in Salmonella.


Peptide that acts as a mechanosensitive ion channel blocker.


poly(deoxycytidylic acid)

A polynucleotide comprised of 2'-deoxycytidine units connected via 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


mastoparan

A member of the class of mastopyrans that is a 14-amino acid polypeptide comprising isoleucyl, asparaginyl, leucyl, lysyl, alanyl, leucyl, alanyl, alanyl, leucyl, alanyl, lysyl, lysyl, isoleucyl, and leucinamide residues coupled in sequence. It is the major active component of the venom of the vespid wasp, Vespula lewisii and causes degranulation of mast cells.


A polysaccharide that is galactogen linked to a (1->6)-beta-D-galactosyl unit.


A polynucleotide which has a phosphate group at the 5'-terminus.


double-stranded RNA

A ribonucleic acid with two complementary strands, similar to the DNA found in all cells.


A sulfated glycosaminoglycan composed of a backbone of repeating beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine units, variably O-sulfated at the 6-position of the glucosamine residues and joined by (1->4)-linkages. The structure provided is representative and shows the most common repeating unit


heparin sodium

The organic sodium salt of heparin.


methyl cellulose

A (1->4)-beta-D-glucan compound formed by methylating cellulose through exposure to NaOH/CH3Cl.


ENPAVHFFKNIVTPRTP

A linear seventeen-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Glu-Asn-Pro-Ala-Val-His-Phe-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ile-Val-Thr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Pro. Corresponds to the sequence of the myelin basic protein 83-99 (MBP83-99) immunodominant epitope with the valyl residue at position 86 replaced by alanyl [MBP83-99(A(86))].


A glucan derivative that is (1->4)-alpha-D-glucan in which the 6-position of the repeating unit has been phosphorylated.


Cellulose, microcrystalline

A (1->4)-beta-D-glucan (cellulose) in crystalline form with a structure consisting of several hundred to over ten thousand D-glucose residues joined by beta(1->4) glycosidic linkages.


sizofiran

An exopolysaccharide produced by the basidiomycete Schizophyllum commune, consisting of a 1,3-beta-D-glucan backbone with 1,6-beta-D-glucosyl side chains; a multipurpose compound applicable in many fields, including the food industry and pharmacy.


exopolysaccharide

A biomacromolecule composed of carbohydrate residues which is secreted by a microorganism into the surrounding environment.


A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.


KGKGKGKGKGENPVVHFFKNIVTPRTP

A linear 27-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Glu-Asn-Pro-Val-Val-His-Phe-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ile-Val-Thr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Pro. Corresponds to the sequence of the myelin basic protein 83-99 (MBP83-99) immunodominant epitope with an (L-lysylglycyl)5 [(KG5)] linker attached to the glutamine(83) (E(83)) residue.


acrylic macromolecule

A homopolymer macromolecule prepared from acrylic acid or a derivative of acrylic acid.


rhamnogalacturonan II

A low molecular mass (5 - 10Kd) pectic polysaccharide with a backbone of at least eight 1,4-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues. Two structurally distinct disaccharides are attached to C-3 of the backbone and two structurally distinct oligosaccharides are attached to C-2 of the backbone. These are represented by R groups.


sodium alginate

A copolymer macromolecule composed of homopolymeric blocks of 1->4-linked homopolymeric blocks of 1->4-linked sodium beta-D-mannuronate and sodium alpha-L-guluronate residues, covalently linked together in different sequences or blocks. The sodium salt of alginic acid.


rRNA containing N(7)-methylguanine

A ribonucleic acid that is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in which one of the RNA bases is N(7)-methylguanine.


A mannan consisting of repeating branched nonamannoside units joined via alpha-(1->6)-linkages.


dermatan

A mucopolysaccharide consisting of repeating beta-(1->4)-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units.


poly[d(GA)]

A single-stranded DNA polynucleotide consisting of a repeating unit of deoxyguanosine and 5-methyldeoxyadenosine residues, with all residues connected by 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


A 39 amino acid porcine cathelicidin that is rich in proline and arginine residues. It plays a pivotal role in the innate immune defence of the pig against infections and exhibits antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities.


GlyTouCan G97763ON

A polysaccharide containing four D-galactopyranosyl groups, three D-mannopyranosyl groups, six acetamido-D-glucopyranosyl groups and one N-acetylneuraminic acid group. Composition: Hex7 HexNAc6 NeuAc1.


A mannan consisting of repeating D-mannosyl units joined via alpha-(1->6)-linkages.


ALFADEX

A cycloamylose composed of six alpha-(1->4) linked D-glucopyranose units.


capsular polysaccharide

A polysaccharide capsule that is found on the cell surface of a broad range of bacterial species and often involved in mediating direct interactions between the bacteria and its environment. Due to these interactions, capsular polysaccharides have been implicated as important virulence factors for many bacterial pathogens. The molecules are highly hydrated and composed of repeating single monosaccharide units which are joined together by glycosidic linkages. They can be homo- or heteropolymers and can be substituted  with organic molecules such as acetyl groups, or or inorganic molecules such as phosphate.


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


YIIKGVFWDPAC

A twelve-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Tyr-Ile-Ile-Lys-Gly-Val-Phe-Trp-Asp-Pro-Ala-Cys. Corresponds to the P34165[22-33] fragment of mating hormone A-factor 1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508/S288c).


teduglutide

A 33-membered polypeptide consisting of His, Gly, Asp, Gly, Ser, Phe, Ser, Asp, Glu, Met, Asn, Thr, Ile, Leu, Asp, Asn, Leu, Ala, Ala, Arg, Asp, Phe, Ile, Asn, Trp, Leu, Ile, Gln, Thr, Lys, Ile, Thr and Asp residues joined in sequence. A  glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor agonist used for the treatment of short-bowel syndrome.


An alpha-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->6) linkages.


A beta-D-glucan consisting of a poly[(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl] chain attached at position 4 of D-glucono-1,5-lactone via a glycosidic linkage.


tirzepatide

A 39-amino acid linear polypeptide which is conjugated to a C20 fatty diacid moiety via a linker connected to lysine-20. It is a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.


polyamine macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of units connected by imino (-NR-) linkages.


heparosan D-glucuronic acid

A heparan composed of a backbone of repeating beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosamine units joined by (1->4)-linkages.


mersacidin

A type-B lantibiotic containing 3-methyllanthionine and S-(2-aminovinyl)-3-methylcysteine residues and four intra-chain thioether bridges. It is obtained from Bacillus sp. HIL Y-85,54728 and is active in vivo against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).


poly[d(TTC)]

A single-stranded DNA polynucleotide consisting of a repeating sequence of two thymidine residues and one deoxycytidine residue, with all residues connected by 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


calpastatin peptide Ac 184-210

A 27-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Ac-Asp-Pro-Met-Ser-Ser-Thr-Tyr-Ile-Glu-Glu-Leu-Gly-Lys-Arg-Glu-Val-Thr-Ile-Pro-Pro-Lys-Tyr-Arg-Glu-Leu-Leu-Ala-NH2. An acetylated synthetic peptide from human calpastatin that strongly inhibits both calpains I and II but not papain (a cysteine protease) or trypsin (a serine protease).


N-glycan

The term used to refer to the carbohydrate portion of N-glycoproteins when attached to a nitrogen from asparagine or arginine side-chains.


A fructan compound consisting of repeating (2->6)-beta-linked fructofuranose units.


poly(p-dioxanone) macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating 2-hydroxyethoxyacetyl units, obtained via ring-opening polymerisation of p-dioxanone.


A polypeptide consisting of the first 18 amino acids at the N-terminus of the Bacterial Elongation Factor Tu protein that is capable of eliciting an innate immunity response in plants.


A macromolecule made up of nucleotide units and hydrolysable into certain pyrimidine or purine bases (usually adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, uracil), D-ribose or 2-deoxy-D-ribose and phosphoric acid with a phosphate group at the 3'-end.


poly(galactose) macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating 1,6-linked hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol units.


A twelve-membered oligopeptide comprising AcAsp, Lys, Ala, Thr, Ile, Gly, Phe, Glu, Val, Gln, Glu and Glu residues joined in sequence.


ENPVVHFFFNIVTPRTP

A linear seventeen-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Glu-Asn-Pro-Val-Val-His-Phe-Phe-Phe-Asn-Ile-Val-Thr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Pro. Corresponds to the sequence of the myelin basic protein 83-99 (MBP83-99) immunodominant epitope with the lysyl residue at position 91 replaced by phenylalanyl [MBP83-99(F(91))].


An  arabinan composed of arabinose units joined via (1->5) linkage.


corticorelin ovine

A corticotropin-releasing hormone from sheep composed of Ser, Gln, Glu, Pro, Pro, Ile, Ser, Leu, Asp, Leu, Val, Phe, His, Leu, Leu, Arg, Glu, Val, Leu, Glu, Met, Thr, Lys, Ala, Asp, Gln, Leu, Ala, Gln, Gln, Ala, His, Ser, Asn, Arg, Lys, Leu, Leu, Asp, Ile and Ala-NH2 residues joined in sequence.


A branched polysaccharide composed of a backbone of repeating beta-L-rhamnosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->3)-[alpha-D-glucuronosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->2)]-alpha-L-rhamnosyl-(1->3)-alpha-L-rhamnosyl units, joined by (1->3) linkages. The repeating unit is that of the Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 2 capsular polysaccharide.


poly(deoxyguanylic acid)

A polynucleotide comprised of 2'-deoxyguanosine units connected via 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


A polysaccharide composed of an alpha-D-glucosyl residue joined to a [(2->6)-beta-D-fructosyl]n moiety by an alpha-(1->2) linkage.


apiogalacteronin

A pectic compound characterized by a backbone of alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues substituted with apiose and apiobiose (D-apiofuranosyl-beta-(1->3)-D-apiose) side chains via O-2 or O-3 links. These are represented by R groups in the structure.


dermaseptin s3(1-16)-NH2

A sixteen membered polypeptide consisting of Ala, Leu, Trp, Lys, Asn, Met, Leu, Lys, Gly, Ile, Gly, Lys, Leu, Ala, Gly and Lys-NH2 residues joined in sequence. A fragment of the amphibian skin peptide dermaseptin s3


poly(1,4-phenylene oxide) macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating 1,4-oxyphenylene units.


single-stranded DNA polynucleotide

A polynucleotide consisting of deoxyribonucleotide residues connected by phosphodiester linkages.


A (1->3)-beta-D-glucan consisting of 15 glucosyl residues linked in a linear sequence.


rhamnan

Any homopolysaccharide composed of rhamnose residues.


A thirteen-membered polypeptide consisting of p-Glu, Arg, Pro, Arg, Leu, Ser, His, Lys, Gly, Pro, Met, Pro and Phe residues joined in sequence.


A beta-D-glucan consisting of [3)-beta-D-Glcp-(1->]15 in which the fifth and tenth glucosides from the reducing end are substituted at position 6 by beta-D-glucoside residues.


apiogalacturonan

A pectin polymer characterized by a backbone of alpha-(1-4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues substituted with apiose and apiobiose (D-apiofuranosyl-beta-(1-3)-D-apiose) side chains via O-2 or O-3 links.


A polysaccharide composed of a backbone of alpha-galactopyranosyl-(1->3)-galactofuranosyl repeating units that are joined to each other via beta-(1->4)-linkages; corresponds to the repeating unit of the O-polysaccharide from Pasteurella haemolytica serotypes 4 and 10.


An acrylic macromolecule, composed of repeating trimethyl[2-(isobutanoyloxy)ethyl]azanium chloride units.


rhamnogalacturonan I

A family of polysaccharides that all contain a linear backbone composed of repeating units of the disaccharide alpha-D-GalpA-(l->2)-alpha-L-Rhap joined by alpha-(1->4) linkages.


locked nucleic acid

Nucleic acid polymers where the residues contain 'locked' deoxyribose units and are linked by phosphodiester bonds. The deoxyribose unit conformation is 'locked' by a 2'-C,4'-C-oxymethylene link.


Polypropylene glycol (m w 1,200-3,000)

A macromolecule composed of repeating propyleneoxy units.


WHWLQLKPGQPMY

A thirteen-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Trp-His-Trp-Leu-Gln-Leu-Lys-Pro-Gly-Gln-Pro-Met-Tyr. Corresponds to the P01149[90-102] fragment of mating factor alpha-1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508/S288c).


A polysaccharide composed of a backbone of repeating alpha-D-rhamnosyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-rhamnosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-rhamnosyl units, joined by (1->3)-linkages.


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a (2E)-3-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]prop-2-enoyl- group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


DASKALRSSGMP

A twelve-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Asp-Ala-Ser-Lys-Ala-Lys-Arg-Ser-Ser-Gly-Met-Pro.


GAMMA-CYCLODEXTRIN

A cycloamylose composed of eight alpha-(1->4) linked D-glucopyranose units.


paraformaldehyde macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating methyleneoxy units arising from polymerisation of formaldehyde.


mannogen

A mannose-containing polysaccharide that is a major energy reserve in Leishmania. It is comprised of linear chains of beta-1,2-linked mannose residues (2-60 residues in length depending on development stage).


glucan derivative

A homopolysaccharide derivative which is formally derived from a glucan.


precursor messenger RNA

An immature or incompletely processed mRNA molecule that needs to be processed before it becomes a fully functional mature mRNA. Pre-mRNA is synthesized from a DNA template in the cell nucleus by transcription and lacks structures that the mRNA requires. First all introns have to be removed from the transcribed RNA through a process known as splicing. Before the RNA is ready for export, a Poly(A)tail is added to the 3' end of the RNA and a 5' cap is added to the 5' end.


homogalacturonan

A pectidic polymer, characterized by a backbone of 1,4-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues that can be methyl-esterified at C-6 and carry acetyl groups on O-2 and O-3.


fructan

Polysaccharides composed of fructose residues.


name: glycogen (amylose chain)n-[(1->6)-amylose chain]4


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a [(2E)-3-(m-tolyl)prop-2-enoyl]- group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


nucleic acid

A macromolecule made up of nucleotide units and hydrolysable into certain pyrimidine or purine bases (usually adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, uracil), D-ribose or 2-deoxy-D-ribose and phosphoric acid.


afamelanotide

A polypeptide comprising of 13 amino acids which is an analogue of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone. It is approved as a dermatologic drug for the prevention of phototoxicity in adult patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria.


block copolymer

A polymer which is composed of two or more blocks of homopolymers in a linear sequence.


A beta-D-glucan of more than 20 D-glucose residues joined by beta-(1->3) and beta-(1->4) glycosidic linkages.


cellodextrin

A dextrin of varying length (two or more glucose monomers) resulting from cellulolysis, the breakdown of cellulose.


KGKGKGKGKGENPVVAFFKNIVTPRTP

A linear 27-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Glu-Asn-Pro-Val-Val-Ala-Phe-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ile-Val-Thr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Pro. Corresponds to the sequence of the myelin basic protein 83-99 (MBP83-99) immunodominant epitope with the histidyl residue at position 88 replaced by alanyl [MBP83-99(A(88))] and with an (L-lysylglycyl)5 [(KG5)] linker attached to the glutamine(83) (E(83)) residue.


mastoparan-A

A member of the class of mastopyrans that is a 14-amino acid polypeptide comprising isoleucyl, lysyl, tryptophyl, lysyl, alanyl, isoleucyl, leucyl, aspartyl, alanyl, valyl, lysyl, lysyl, valyl, and isoleucinamide residues coupled in sequence. It is the major active component of the venom of the hornet Vespa analis and causes degranulation of mast cells. It exhibits antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria as well as haemolytic activity on chicken, human and sheep erythrocytes.


YSPFHKWFPSMH

A twelve-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Tyr-Ser-Pro-Phe-His-Lys-Trp-Phe-Pro-Ser-Met-His.


A xylan compound with beta-(1->4)-linkages between each xylose.


tesamorelin

A polypeptide that is a synthetic analogue of human GRF (Growth Releasing Factor) comprised of the 44 amino-acid sequence of human GRF with a hex-3-enoyl moiety attached to the tyrosine residue at the N-terminal part of the molecule. It is used to stimulate human GRF receptors.


heteropolyacid macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of hydrogen and oxygen with certain metals (W, Mo, V) and non-metals (Si, P, As).


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a 6-bromohexanoyl group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


galactoglucomannan

A heteroglycan that consists of a backbone of randomly distributed (1->4)-linked mannose and glucose units with (1->6)-linked galactose units attached to mannose units.


chondroitin 6'-sulfate

A chondroitin sulfate in which the site of sulfation is carbon 6 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) sugar.


A (1->3)-beta-D-glucan consisting of 12 glucosyl residues linked in a linear sequence.


(S)-glycol nucleic acid

Glycol nucleic acids with an (S) chiral centre in the glycol backbone. They can be synthetically derived from (S)-(+)-glycidol.


A polymer composed of repeating 1-(azidomethyl)-4-ethylbenzene units.


poly[d(TC)]

A single-stranded DNA polynucleotide consisting of a repeating unit of thymidine and deoxycytidine residues, with all residues connected by 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


A branched beta-D-glucan that consists of a beta-1,3-linked nonaglucan backbone with a beta-1,3-glucodiaose branch at the 6-O-position of the nonaglucan central sugar unit.


A mannan consisting of repeating mannosyl units joined via beta-(1->2)-linkages.


A polysaccharide consisting of alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-alpha-D-GlcpNAc in which the hydroxy group at position 6 of the beta-D-Manp group is substituted by an alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)-]-alpha-D-Manp group.


poly[d(GAA)]

A single-stranded DNA polynucleotide consisting of a repeating sequence of one deoxyguanosine residue and two deoxycytosine residues, with all residues connected by 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


A polysaccharide composed of a backbone of alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->3)-6-deoxy-alpha-L-gulo-heptopyranosyl repeating units that are joined to each other via (1->3)-linkages.


pseudopeptidoglycan

A peptidoglycosaminoglycan formed by alternating residues of beta-(1->3)-linked N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetyltalosaminuronic acid residues. Attached to the carboxy group of the talosaminuronic acid is a peptide chain of three to five amino acids.


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a 5-chloropentanoyl group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


small nuclear RNA

A class of small RNA molecules which are comprised of approximately 150 nucleotides and which are found within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.


name: D-glucose- and/or D-galactose-substituted mannan

description: A heteroglycan in which a backbone composed of D-mannose units is substituted with D-glucose and/or D-galactose units.


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a {(2E)-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]prop-2-enoyl}-group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


P-factor

A polypeptide of 23 residues, with the sequence Thr-Tyr-Ala-Asp-Phe-Leu-Arg-Ala-Tyr-Gln-Ser-Trp-Asn-Thr-Phe-Val-Asn-Pro-Asp-Arg-Pro-Asn-Leu. A peptide pheromone released by Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells of the cellular mating type Plus.


A beta-D-glucan consisting of (1->4)-beta-D-glucan in which the residue at the non-reducing end has undergone formal dehyderogenation resulting on conversion of the hydroxy group at position 4 to the corresponding ketone.


poly(ether) macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of units connected by ether (-O-) linkages.


glucomannan

A heteroglycan consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked D-glucose (G) and D-mannose (M) in a proportion of 5:8. The basic polymeric repeating unit has the pattern: GGMMGMMMMMGGM, with branching through beta-(1->3)- and beta-(1->6)-glucosyl linkages. Acetate groups are present on C-6 every 9-19 units of the main chain.


homopolymer macromolecule

A macromolecule derived from one species of (real, implicit or hypothetical) monomer.


agarose

A linear polysaccharide made up from alternating D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose residues joined by alpha-(1->3)- and beta-(1->4)-linkages.


poly(vinyl methyl ether) macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating methoxyethyl groups.


penicilloyl polylysine

A polypeptide in which the epsilon-amino group of each L-lysine residue in poly-L-lysine is substituted with a benzylpenicilloyl group.


A branched polysaccharide composed of a backbone of repeating alpha-D-Rhap-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Fucp-(1->4)]-alpha-D-Rhap-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap units, joined by (1->3)-linkages as shown.


DSGEGDFLAEGGGVR

A fifteen-membered polypeptide consisting of Asp, Ser, Gly, Glu, Gly, Asp, Phe, Leu, Ala, Glu, Gly, Gly, Gly, Val and Arg residues joined in sequence.


poly(cytidylic acid)

A polynucleotide comprised of cytidine units connected via 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


laminarihexaose

A beta-D-glucan in which six D-glucose residues are connected by beta(1->3) linkages.


arabinan

A polysaccharide composed of arabinose residues.


poly(phenylene oxide) macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating substituted or un-substituted phenyleneoxy units.


sodium polystyrene sulfonate

A polymer composed of repeating sodium ethylbenzenesulfonate units (position of substitution not specified).


poly(glycyl-L-arginine)

A polypeptide composed of dipeptide Gly-Arg units joined via peptide linkages.


poly[d(TCC)]

A single-stranded DNA polynucleotide consisting of a repeating sequence of one thymidine residue and two deoxycytidine residues, with all residues connected by 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


IPQVWRDWFKLP

A twelve-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Ile-Pro-Gln-Val-Trp-Arg-Asp-Trp-Phe-Lys-Leu-Pro.


polystyrene macromolecule

Macromolecules composed of repeating substituted or unsubstituted ethylbenzene units.


A lipopolysaccharide having a 3-deoxyoctulosonyl group attached at an unspecified position.


peptidoglycosaminoglycan

A family of glycosaminoglycan formed by alternating residues of D-glucosamine and either muramic acid {2-amino-3-O-[(S)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-deoxy-D-glucose} or L-talosaminuronic acid (2-amino-2-deoxy-L-taluronic acid), which are usually N-acetylated or N-glycoloylated. Those containing muramic acid residues are known as peptidoglycans while those containing L-talosaminuronic acid residues are known as pseudopeptidoglycans. The carboxyl group of the muramic acid is commonly substituted by a peptide containing residues of both L- and D-amino acids, whereas that of L-talosaminuronic acid is substituted by a peptide consisting of L-amino acids only.


polysaccharide derivative

A carbohydrate derivative that is any derivative of a polysaccharide.


A macromolecule composed of repeating 5-(4-benzoylphenoxy)-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid units.


name: 11,13-Dihydrotaraxinic acid glucosyl ester


Major microspecies at pH 7.3


dermatan 6'-sulfate

A mucopolysaccharide consisting of dermatan with sulfate substituents at the 6'-position of the N-acetylgalactosamines.


polyglycidol macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating propane-1,2-diol units.


poly(inosinic acid)

A polynucleotide comprised of inosine units connected via 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


A branched polysaccharide composed of a backbone of repeating alpha-D-Rhap-(1->3)-[beta-D-Fucf-(1->4)]-alpha-D-Rhap-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap units, joined by (1->3)-linkages as shown.


A mannan composed from D-mannan residues joined by beta-(1->4) linkages.


An alpha-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.


ds/ss telomeric DNA junction

The junction formed at the point where double-stranded telomeric DNA becomes a single-stranded G-rich telomeric DNA 3' overhang.


A synthetic 25-membered heterodetic cyclic peptide consisting of a 14-membered linear component attached to an 11-membered cyclic portion. A CK2 inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity.


A polysaccharide composed of a backbone of alpha-D-fucosyl (1->2)-beta-L-rhamnosyl repeating units that are joined to each other via (1->3)-linkages.


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a [(2E)-3-(3-nitrophenyl)prop-2-enoyl]- group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


chondroitin sulfate E

A chondroitin sulfate in which the site of sulfation is positions 4 and 6 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) sugar.


nitrocellulose

A (1->4)-beta-D-glucan compound formed by nitrating cellulose through exposure to nitric acid or another powerful nitrating agent.


xyloglucan

A glucan that consists of a backbone of alpha-(1->4)-linked glucose residues, most of which are substituted with (1->6)-linked xylose side-chains.


xanthan

Xanthan gum is a polysaccharide produced by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris. It is composed of pentasaccharide repeat units, comprising two glucose units, two mannose units, and one glucuronic acid unit. Its main chain consists of beta-D-glucose units linked at the 1 and 4 positions. Trisaccharide side chains contain a D-glucuronic acid unit between two D-mannose units linked at the O-3 position of every other glucose residue in the main chain. Approximately one-half of the terminal D-mannose contains a pyruvic acid residue linked via keto group to the 4 and 6 positions, with an unknown distribution. D-Mannose unit linked to the main chain contains an acetyl group at position O-6.


A macromolecule composed of 4-(4-benzoylphenoxy)phenol units.


rRNA containing N(2)-methylguanine

A ribonucleic acid that is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in which one of the RNA bases is N(2)-methylguanine.


poly(alkylene) macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating alkane or substituted alkane units.


poly(alkylene oxide) macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating oxyalkylene units.


KGKGKGKGKGENPAVHFFKNIVTPRTP

A linear 27-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Lys-Gly-Glu-Asn-Pro-Ala-Val-His-Phe-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ile-Val-Thr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Pro. Corresponds to the sequence of the myelin basic protein 83-99 (MBP83-99) immunodominant epitope with the valyl residue at position 86 replaced by alanyl [MBP83-99(A(86))] and with an (L-lysylglycyl)5 [(KG5)] linker attached to the glutamine(83) (E(83)) residue.


A polysaccharide composed of a backbone of repeating alpha-L-rhamnosyl-(1->2)-alpha-L-rhamnosyl units, joined by (1->3)-linkages.


koshikamide A2

A polypeptide isolated from a marine sponge Theonella sp. and has been found to inhibit the growth of P388 murine leukemia cells.


A branched amino oligosaccharide that is an undecasaccharide derivative in which two alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl tetrasaccharide units are linked (1->3) and (1->6) to the mannose residue of a beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine trisaccharide.


A 39-membered polypeptide consisting of His, Ser, Asp, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Leu, Ser, Lys, Gln, Met, Glu, Glu, Glu, Ala, Val, Arg, Leu, Phe, Ile, Glu, Trp, Leu, Lys, Asn, Gly, Gly, Pro, Ser, Ser, Gly, Ala, Pro, Pro, Pro and Ser-NH2 residues joined in sequence. It is isolated from venom of the Gila monster lizard Heloderma horridum.


poly(oxymethylene) macromolecule

A poly(alkylene oxide) macromolecule, composed of repeating methyleneoxy units.


lipid-linked peptidoglycan

A peptidoglycan with a phosphate linkage to a lipid.


A branched polysaccharide composed of a backbone of repeating alpha-D-Rhap-(1->3)-[beta-D-Fucf-(1->4)]-alpha-D-Rhap-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap units, joined by (1->3)-linkages as shown.


rRNA containing 2'-O-methyladenosine

A ribonucleic acid that is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in which one of the RNA nucleotides is 2'-O-methyladenosine 5'-monophosphate.


phosphotungstic acid macromolecule

A heteropolyacid macromolecule with the formula H3PW12O40.


A polypeptide mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a 2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


suberin

A complex lipophilic polymer macromolecule, containing a fatty acid-derived domain (aliphatic suberin) and a (poly)hydroxycinnamate domain (aromatic suberin).


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a chloroacetyl group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


hexa-L-lysine monohydrobromide

A compound comprising six covalently linked L-lysine residues ionically bound to hydrogen bromide.


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a 2-iodobenzoyl group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


keratan 6'-sulfate

A keratan sulfate with random sulfation at the 6'-position.


A polysaccharide composed of a backbone of repeating alpha-D-rhamnosyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-rhamnosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-rhamnosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-rhamnosyl units, joined by (1->3)-linkages


biomacromolecule

A macromolecule formed by a living organism.


ribonucleic acid

High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing ribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; RNA is central to the synthesis of proteins.


amylodextrin

A linear dextrin or short chained amylose (DP 20-30) that can be produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of the alpha-1,6 glycosidic bonds or debranching amylopectin.


homopolysaccharide

Glycans composed of a single type of monosaccharide residue. They are named by replacing the ending '-ose' of the sugar by '-an'.


An amino oligosaccharide that is a branched tridecasaccharide in which two beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc disaccharide units are linked (1->2) and (1->4) to the terminal mannose residue of an alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc tetrasaccharide chain, to the beta-D-mannose residue of which is also linked (1->6) a beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Man trisaccharide unit.


cyclomaltodextrin

A cyclic oligosaccharide comprising a ring of D-glucose units linked by alpha-(1->4) glycosidic bonds.


dextrin

Glucans produced by the hydrolysis of starch or glycogen. They are mixtures of polymers of D-glucose units linked by alpha(1->4) or alpha(1->6) glycosidic bonds.


xylan

Polysaccharides composed of xylose residues.


A ionic polymer obtained by global deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of any RNA linked to an uridine ribonucleotide in 3'; major structure at pH 7.3.


poly(butylene oxide) macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating oxybutylene units.


ENPVVAFFKNIVTPRTP

A linear seventeen-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Glu-Asn-Pro-Val-Val-Ala-Phe-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ile-Val-Thr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Pro. Corresponds to the sequence of the myelin basic protein 83-99 (MBP83-99) immunodominant epitope with the histidyl residue at position 88 replaced by alanyl [MBP83-99(A(88))].


beta-limit dextrin

beta-Limit dextrin is the remaining polymer produced by enzymatic hydrolyse of amylopectine with beta amylase which cannot hydrolyse the alpha-1,6 bonds at branch points.


rRNA containing C(5)-methyluridine

A ribonucleic acid that is ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in which one of the RNA bases is 5-methyluridine.


A mimotope of the pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 component (PDC-E2) comprising a (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)acetyl group linked to the lipoated PDC-E2 core dodecapeptide (DKATIGFEVQEE) at N-6 of lysine.


A macromolecule composed of repeating triethyl({3-[(4-methylthiophen-3-yl)oxy]propyl})azanium chloride units.


GlyTouCan G70101JE

A partially-defined glycan consisting of nine hexosyl and two acetaminohexosyl groups (identities and connectivity unknown). Composition: Hex9 HexNAc2.


vinyl polymer macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating -CHR-CH2- units.


A synthetic 28-amino acid polypeptide consisting of glutaminyl, seryl, prolyl, seryl, tyrosyl, prolyl, alpha-aspartyl, arginyl, alpha-glutamyl, tyrosyl, seryl, alpha-aspartyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-aspartyl, arginyl, glutaminyl, isoleucyl, lysyl, glutaminyl, methionyl, leucyl, histidyl, glutaminyl, alpha-glutamyl, cysteinyl, prolyl, arginyl and leucinamide residues joined in sequence. A synthetic version of the peptide epitope from the major peanut allergen glycoprotein Arachis hypogaea h2 (Ara-h2).


poly(uridylic acid)

A polynucleotide comprised of uridine units connected via 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


poly(p-dioxane) macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating 2-ethoxyethanol units.


name: S. Pullorum strain 77 O-specific polysaccharide

description: A polysaccharide composed of a backbone of branched pentasaccharide repeating units that are joined to each other via alpha-(1->2)-linkages.


A (1->4)-beta-D-glucan compound composed of repeating beta-(1->4)-linked 6-azido-6-deoxyglucose units.


mastoparan-V

A member of the class of mastopyrans that is a 14-amino acid polypeptide comprising isoleucyl, asparaginyl, tryptophyl, lysyl, glycyl, isoleucyl, alanyl, alanyl, methionyl, alanyl, lysyl, lysyl, leucyl, and leucinamide residues coupled in sequence. It is the major active component of the venom of the hornet Vespa velutina and causes degranulation of mast cells. It exhibits antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria as well as haemolytic activity on chicken, human and sheep erythrocytes.


deoxyribonucleic acid

High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing deoxyribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; DNA contain the genetic information of organisms.


poly(alkylene vinylene) macromolecule

A macromolecule with the general formula (-CR2-CR=C(R)CR2-)n where R=H or an alkyl group.


small nucleolar RNA

A group of non-coding RNAs that primarily accumulate in the nucleoli and consist of 60-300 nucleotides. They are responsible for the post-transcriptional modification and maturation of ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), and other cellular RNAs. There are two main classes of snoRNA, the C/D box snoRNAs, which are associated with methylation, and the H/ACA box snoRNAs, which are associated with pseudouridylation.


poly[d(GGA)]

A single-stranded DNA polynucleotide consisting of a repeating sequence of two deoxyguanosine residues and one deoxycytosine residue, with all residues connected by 3'->5' phosphodiester linkages.


abarelix

A polypeptide compound composed of ten natural and non-natural amino acid resiudes in a linear sequence.


threose nucleic acid

Nucleic acids that have threose instead of ribose or deoxyribose in their sugar-phosphate backbones.


A glucan derivative that consists of a (1->4)-beta-D-glucan moiety attached at position 1 of any ceramide via a glycosidic linkage.


peptide nucleic acid

Nucleic acids where the sugar-phosphate backbone has been replaced by a neutral polyamide backbone such as N-(2-aminoethyl)glycine units.


mucopolysaccharide

Any of the group of polysaccharides composed of alternating units from uronic acids and glycosamines, and commonly partially esterified with sulfuric acid.


ENPVVHFFKNIVTPRTP

A linear seventeen-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Glu-Asn-Pro-Val-Val-His-Phe-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ile-Val-Thr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Pro. Corresponds to the sequence of the myelin basic protein 83-99 (MBP83-99) immunodominant epitope.


U1 small nuclear RNA

The small nuclear RNA (snRNA) that is a component of U1 snRNP (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein), an RNA-protein complex that combines with other snRNPs, unmodified pre-mRNA, and various other proteins to assemble a spliceosome, a large RNA-protein molecular complex upon which splicing of pre-mRNA occurs.


poly(N-vinylimidazole) macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating 1-ethylimidazole units.


ENPVVHFFYNIVTPRTP

A linear seventeen-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Glu-Asn-Pro-Val-Val-His-Phe-Phe-Tyr-Asn-Ile-Val-Thr-Pro-Arg-Thr-Pro. Corresponds to the sequence of the myelin basic protein 83-99 (MBP83-99) immunodominant epitope with the lysyl residue at position 91 replaced by tyrosyl [MBP83-99(Y(91))].


linear maltodextrin

A maltodextrin in which the alpha-(1->4)-linked D-glucose units form a linear chain, typically from 3 to 17 glucose units long. (Cf. amylose, in which the chain length ranges from around 300 to several thousand glucose units).


YIIKGLFWDPAC

A twelve-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Tyr-Ile-Ile-Lys-Gly-Leu-Phe-Trp-Asp-Pro-Ala-Cys. Corresponds to the P34166[24-35] fragment of mating hormone A-factor 2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508/S288c).


A member of the class of  triazoles that is 1-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole substituted by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5.


name: Solasodine base + 2H, 1O, O-Hex-Hex-Hex-Pen


1-(alk-1-enyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the alk-1-enyl group is specified as octadec-1-enyl.


3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal oxime

An aliphatic aldoxime resulting from the formal condensation of 3-(methylsulfanyl)propanal with hydroxylamine.


lead tetraacetate

An acetate salt with formula Pb(OAc)4. It is used as a selective oxidising agent in organic synthesis.


An alkyl,acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the alkyl or acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 contain a total of 40 carbons and 4 double bonds.


name: acetic acid [3-oxo-2-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-1,4-benzoxazin-2-yl] ester


A quercetin O-glycoside that consists of quercetin substituted by a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->6)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Grevillea, it exhibits antimalarial activity.


magnesium citrate

A magnesium salt composed of magnesium and citrate ions in a 3:2 ratio.


phosphatidylethanolamine 46:1

A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 46 carbons in total with 1 double bond.


leukoaminochrome

A member of the class of indoles that is indoline with hydroxy substituents at positions 5 and 6.


name: 5-hydroxy-2-(phenoxymethyl)-3-benzofurancarboxylic acid ethyl ester


A ceramide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of tricosanoic acid with the amino group of (4E,14Z)-sphinga-4,14-dienine.


name: 2-[(3-methyl-6-oxo-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[c][1]benzopyran-2-yl)oxy]acetic acid ethyl ester


name: 2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-ylthio)acetic acid methyl ester


A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-N-methylethanolamine zwitterion in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both specified as oleoyl (9Z-octadecenoyl); major species at pH 7.3.


A fluorophenol that is phenol in which the hydrogen para- to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a fluorine.


A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 38 carbons in total with 0 double bonds.


L-phenylalanine 2-naphthylamide

An L-phenylalanine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-phenylalanine with the amino group of 2-naphthylamine.


Ac-DEVD-CHO

A tetrapeptide consisting of two L-aspartic acid residues, an L-glutamyl residue and an L-valine residue with an acetyl group at the N-terminal and with the C-terminal carboxy group reduced to an aldehyde. It is an inhibitor of caspase-3/7.


N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)aminohexanoic acid

A C-nitro compound comprising hexanoic acid with a (2,4-dinitrophenyl)amino substituent at position C-6.


age related macular degeneration 15

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing age related macular degeneration in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the C9 gene.


Benzothiazole substituted with a hydroxy group at the 2-position.


hydroxy ketone ascaroside

Any glycoside resulting from the reaction of the hydroxy group of a hydroxy ketone with alpha-ascarylopyranose or its derivatives.


quercetin 3,4',7-trissulfate

A quercetin trissulfate having the three sulfo groups placed at the 3-, 4'- and 7-positions.


A trisaccharide derivative consisting of a beta-D-glucosyl residue glycosidically linked to a 5-aminopentyl group and which carries at O-3 a beta-D-glucosyl-(1->3)-2,4-di-O-acetyl-6-deoxy-alpha-L-talosyl disaccharide unit.


An oligosaccharide sulfate formed by sulfating methyl 6-O-sulfo-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-6-O-sulfo-beta-D-glucopyranoside at O-6 of each glucose residue.