Philadelphia Chromosome Negative

Indicates that the Philadelphia chromosome abnormality, t(9;22)(q34;q11), has not been detected in a sample.


Somatostatin Receptor Positive

biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

A laboratory test result indicating the presence or expression of somatostatin receptor in a sample.


Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Positive

Indicates that human immunodeficiency virus 1 has been detected in a sample.


CD19 Positive

Indicates that CD19 expression has been detected in a sample.


CDKN2A-p16 Positive

Indicates that CDKN2A-p16 expression has been detected in a sample.


Castration Levels of Testosterone

A finding of low concentrations of testosterone in a subject's serum that results from the use of surgical or chemical castration procedures.


Diffuse Astrocytoma, IDH-Wildtype

biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

Diffuse astrocytoma lacking mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 genes.


IDH-wildtype anaplastic astrocytoma

An anaplastic astrocytoma lacking mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 genes.


Glioblastoma with Primitive Neuronal Component

A glioblastoma characterized by the presence of well-demarcated nodules which contain primitive cells exhibiting neuronal differentiation.


Diffuse Glioma

A glioma that has diffusely infiltrated the surrounding central nervous system tissues.


RELA fusion-positive ependymoma

A supratentorial ependymoma characterized by a gene fusion involving ZFTA and RELA genes. It accounts for the majority of supratentorial ependymomas in children. It has an unfavorable outcome when compared to other ependymoma subtypes.


medulloblastoma SHH activated and TP53 wild-type

A medulloblastoma SHH activated that is characterized as a molecular subtype by activation of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway and the absence of TP53 mutations.


medulloblastoma non-WNT/non-SHH group 3

A medulloblastoma non-WNT/non-SHH that is characterized as a molecular subtype by absent TP53 mutations and MYC amplifications that may be present.


medulloblastoma non-WNT/non-SHH group 4

A medulloblastoma non-WNT/non-SHH that is characterized as a molecular subtype by the absence of MYC amplifications and TP53 mutations, while chromosome 17 abnormalities may be present.


WT1 Positive

Indicates that WT1 expression has been detected in a sample.


Epstein-Barr Virus Positive

Indicates that Epstein-Barr virus has been detected in a sample.


Human Papillomavirus-16 Positive

Indicates that human papillomavirus-16 has been detected in a sample.


Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor with Rhabdoid Features

A central nervous system embryonal neoplasm characterized by the presence of histological features consistent with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor and absence of mutations of the INI1 gene or SMARCA4 (BRG1) gene.


Unresectable Digestive System Adenocarcinoma

An adenocarcinoma that arises from the gastrointestinal system and is not amenable to surgical resection.


autoimmune polyendocrinopathy

A group of diverse conditions that are characterized by spontaneous, multi-organ autoimmunity, which target both endocrine (adrenal, gonad, pancreatic islet cells, parathyroid, pituitary, thyroid) and non-endocrine (gastrointestinal, integumentary, lymphatic) tissues.


Unresectable Thyroid Gland Carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from the thyroid gland and is not amenable to surgical resection.


Unresectable Transitional Cell Carcinoma

A transitional cell carcinoma which is not amenable to surgical resection.


Metastatic transitional cell carcinoma

A carcinoma that arises from transitional cells and has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Advanced Head and Neck Carcinoma

A head and neck carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia-0

A chronic myelomonocytic leukemia characterized by the presence of less than 5 percent blasts in the bone marrow and less than 2 percent blasts in the peripheral blood.


Posterior Fossa Neoplasm

A neoplasm that arises from the posterior cranial fossa. Examples include meningiomas and medulloblastomas.


Low T3 Syndrome

Reduced serum concentration of tri-iodothyronine caused by a variety of non-thyroidal conditions in which there is no dysfunction in the thyroid gland or the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.


Transient hypothyroxinemia

Reduced concentration of thyroid hormone(s), usually associated with a non-thyroidal illness, that resolves spontaneously.


MYC Positive

Indicates that MYC expression has been detected in a sample.


CD5 Positive

Indicates that CD5 expression has been detected in a sample.


t(11;14) Negative

A cytogenetic finding indicating that the translocation t(11;14) has not been detected in a sample.


CD22 Positive

Indicates that CD22 expression has been detected in a sample.


MET Positive

Indicates that MET expression has been detected in a sample.


RET Fusion Positive

Indicates that the expression of a RET fusion has been detected in a sample.


NTRK1 Fusion Positive

Indicates that the expression of a NTRK1 fusion has been detected in a sample.


ROS1 Fusion Positive

Indicates that the expression of a ROS1 fusion has been detected in a sample.


Urothelial carcinoma urethra recurrent

The reemergence of urethral urothelial carcinoma after a period of remission.


Folate Receptor Alpha Positive

An indication that folate receptor alpha has been detected in a sample.


Mismatch Repair Protein Proficient

Indicates that normal concentrations of unmutated mismatch repair proteins have been detected in a sample.


Microsatellite Stable

Indicates that no positive loci have been detected in the microsatellite instability (MSI) biomarkers in a sample.


FCER2 Negative

Indicates that expression of FCER2 has not been detected in a sample.


NY-ESO-1 Positive Tumor Cells Present

An indication that Cancer/Testis Antigen 1 expression has been detected in a sample.


Recurrent Ependymal Tumor

The reemergence of an ependymal tumor after a period of remission.


Sickle Cell-SS Disease

A variant of sickle cell disease due to homozygosity of the E6V mutation, amino acid substitution of valine for glutamic acid in the sixth position of the beta chain, resulting in the production of hemoglobin S from both alleles.


Human Papillomavirus-18 Positive

An indication that human papillomavirus-18 has been detected in a sample.


Hypothyroxinemia

Decreased concentration of thyroxine.


Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance

Insulin resistance associated with obesity, which may be attributed in part to impaired insulin signaling in target tissues, or impaired insulin-stimulated glucose transport due to reduced expression of the glucose transporter protein 4.


Gonadotropin-Resistant Ovary Syndrome

Ovarian dysfunction due to a defect at the receptor or post receptor level, or due to the presence of antibodies against gonadotropin receptors, resulting in deficient gonadotropin signaling that causes elevated concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone and/or luteinizing hormone. A distinguishing feature is the presence of normal numbers of ova.


Recurrent Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma

The reemergence of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma after a period of remission.


EBV positive mucocutaneous ulcer

A rare Epstein-Barr virus-positive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder that affects mucosal sites (including oral mucosa, palate, tonsils, and gastrointestinal tract) and skin. It presents with well-circumscribed, often painful ulcers. It is associated with immune suppression, including age-related and drug-induced immunosuppression. In the majority of cases the lesions regress either spontaneously or following withdrawal of the immunosuppression therapy.


Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberration

A molecularly distinct large B-cell lymphoma reminiscent of Burkitt lymphoma. It is characterized by the absence of MYC translocation and the presence of chromosome 11q aberrations.


Triple hit lymphoma

High-grade B-cell lymphoma characterized by the abnormal rearrangement of MYC gene, BCL2 gene, and BCL6 gene. Patients with this type of lymphoma usually respond poorly to standard treatments and have a poor prognosis.


Resectable Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck which is amendable to surgical removal.


Untreated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

A finding of chronic lymphocytic leukemia that has not been treated.


Mammographically Dense Breast

A mammographic finding of heterogeneously or extremely dense breast composition, as defined by the visually estimated content of fibroglandular-density tissue within the breast, based on updated editions of the American College of Radiology's Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS).


Unresectable Leiomyosarcoma

A leiomyosarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection.


Unresectable Liposarcoma

A liposarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection.


NTRK2 Fusion Positive

Indicates that the expression of a NTRK2 fusion has been detected in a sample.


NTRK3 Fusion Positive

Indicates that the expression of a NTRK3 fusion has been detected in a sample.


Recurrent Endometrial Serous Adenocarcinoma

The reemergence of endometrial serous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Helicobacter Present

The presence of any species of Helicobacter.


Recurrent Glioma

The reemergence of a glioma after a period of remission.


Interleukin-3 Receptor Subunit Alpha Positive

Indicates that interleukin-3 receptor subunit alpha expression has been detected in a sample.


Stage I Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer AJCC v8

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0.  T1: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension and 5 mm or less depth of invasion (DOI).  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage II Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, DOI greater than 5 mm and equal or less than 10 mm or tumor greater than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension and 10 mm or less DOI.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage III Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Tumor size greater than 4 cm or any tumor greater than 10 mm DOI. T1: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension and 5 mm or less DOI. T2: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, DOI greater than 5 mm and equal or less than 10 mm or tumor greater than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension and 10 mm or less DOI N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE (extranodal extension)(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IV Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0); IVC (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a (lip): Tumor invades through cortical bone or involves the inferior alveolar nerve, floor of mouth, or skin of face (i.e., chin or nose).  T4a (oral cavity): Tumor invades adjacent structures only (e.g., through cortical bone of the mandible or maxilla, or involves the maxillary sinus or skin of face). Note: Superficial erosion of bone/tooth socket (alone) by a gingival primary is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4. T1: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension and 5 mm or less DOI. T2: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, DOI greater than 5 mm and equal or less than 10 mm or tumor greater than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension and 10 mm or less DOI. T3: Tumor size greater than 4 cm or any tumor greater than 10 mm DOI. T4b: Tumor invades masticator space, pterygoid plates, or skull base and/or encases the internal carotid artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or larger than 3 cm but not larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE (-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension, ENE(-). N3: Metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE (-); or in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral or bilateral lymph nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IVA Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a (lip): Tumor invades through cortical bone or involves the inferior alveolar nerve, floor of mouth, or skin of face (i.e., chin or nose).  T4a (oral cavity): Tumor invades adjacent structures only (e.g., through cortical bone of the mandible or maxilla, or involves the maxillary sinus or skin of face). Note: Superficial erosion of bone/tooth socket (alone) by a gingival primary is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4. T1: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension and 5 mm or less DOI. T2: Tumor size 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, DOI greater than 5 mm and equal or less than 10 mm or tumor greater than 2 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension and 10 mm or less DOI. T3: Tumor size greater than 4 cm or any tumor greater than 10 mm DOI. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or larger than 3 cm but not larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE (-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension, ENE(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IVB Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0). T4b: Tumor invades masticator space, pterygoid plates, or skull base and/or encases the internal carotid artery. N3: Metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE (-); or in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral or bilateral lymph nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IVC Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage III Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T0, N1, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0).  T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, and/or tumor having extraparenchymal extension.  T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IV Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVC (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Moderately advanced disease.  Tumor invades skin, mandible, ear canal, and/or facial nerve. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, and/or tumor having extraparenchymal extension. T4b: Very advanced disease.  Tumor invades skull base and/or pterygoid plates and/or encases carotid artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or more than 3 cm but not more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-), or in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N3: Metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or in a single ipsilateral node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVA Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Moderately advanced disease.  Tumor invades skin, mandible, ear canal, and/or facial nerve. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, and/or tumor having extraparenchymal extension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or more than 3 cm but not more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-), or in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVB Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4b: Very advanced disease.  Tumor invades skull base and/or pterygoid plates and/or encases carotid artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N3: Metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or in a single ipsilateral node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVC Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


Stage II Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T0, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0); (T2, N1, M0). T1: Tumor confined to the nasopharynx, or tumor extending to oropharynx and/or nasal cavity without parapharyngeal involvement. T0: No tumor identified, but EBV-positive cervical node(s) involvement is present. T2: Tumor with extension to parapharyngeal space, and/or adjacent soft tissue involvement (medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, prevertebral muscles). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with unilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), and/or unilateral or bilateral metastasis in retropharyngeal lymph node(s), 6 cm or smaller in greatest dimension, above the caudal border of cricoid cartilage. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage III Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T1, N2, M0); (T0, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0). T1: Tumor confined to the nasopharynx, or tumor extending to oropharynx and/or nasal cavity without parapharyngeal involvement. T0: No tumor identified, but EBV-positive cervical node(s) involvement is present. T2: Tumor with extension to parapharyngeal space, and/or adjacent soft tissue involvement (medial pterygoid, lateral pterygoid, prevertebral muscles). T3: Tumor infiltrating bony structures at skull base, cervical vertebrae, pterygoid structures, and/or paranasal sinuses. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with unilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), and/or unilateral or bilateral metastasis in retropharyngeal lymph node(s), 6 cm or smaller in greatest dimension, above the caudal border of cricoid cartilage. N2: Tumor with bilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), 6 cm or smaller in greatest dimension, above the caudal border of cricoid cartilage. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IV Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (T4, N2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: Tumor with intracranial extension, involvement of cranial nerves, hypopharynx, orbit, parotid gland, and/or extensive soft tissue infiltration beyond the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid muscle.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with unilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), and/or unilateral or bilateral metastasis in retropharyngeal lymph node(s), 6 cm or smaller in greatest dimension, above the caudal border of cricoid cartilage. N2: Tumor with bilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), 6 cm or smaller in greatest dimension, above the caudal border of cricoid cartilage. N3: Tumor with unilateral or bilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension, and/or extension below the caudal border of cricoid cartilage. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVA Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (T4, N2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); T4: Tumor with intracranial extension, involvement of cranial nerves, hypopharynx, orbit, parotid gland, and/or extensive soft tissue infiltration beyond the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid muscle.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with unilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), and/or unilateral or bilateral metastasis in retropharyngeal lymph node(s), 6 cm or smaller in greatest dimension, above the caudal border of cricoid cartilage. N2: Tumor with bilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), 6 cm or smaller in greatest dimension, above the caudal border of cricoid cartilage. N3: Tumor with unilateral or bilateral metastasis in cervical lymph node(s), larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension, and/or extension below the caudal border of cricoid cartilage. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVB Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


RAS Wild Type

A genetic finding indicating that RAS family gene mutations are absent in a sample.


Unresectable Ewing Sarcoma

A Ewing sarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection.


Unresectable Osteosarcoma

An osteosarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection.


Metastatic Malignant Germ Cell Tumor

A malignant germ cell tumor that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Prostate Carcinoma Metastatic in the Soft Tissue

A carcinoma that arises from the prostate gland and has spread to the soft tissues.


Clinical Stage I HPV-Mediated (p16-Positive) Oropharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage I includes: (T0, N0, M0); (T0, N1, M0); (T1, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0); (T2, N1, M0). T0: No primary identified. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or more ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage II HPV-Mediated (p16-Positive) Oropharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0) ;(T2, N2, M0); (T3, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0). T0: No primary identified. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or more ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm. N2: Tumor with contralateral or bilateral lymph nodes metastasis, none larger than 6 cm. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage III HPV-Mediated (p16-Positive) Oropharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T0, N3, M0); (T1, N3, M0); (T2, N3, M0); (T3, N3, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (T4, N2, M0); (T4, N3, M0). T0: No primary identified. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. T4: Tumor with moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial pterygoid, hard palate, or mandible or beyond. Mucosal extension to lingual surface of epiglottis from primary tumors of the base of the tongue and vallecula does not constitute invasion of the larynx. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or more ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm. N2: Tumor with contralateral or bilateral lymph nodes metastasis, none larger than 6 cm. N3: Tumor with lymph node(s) metastasis, larger than 6 cm. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IV HPV-Mediated (p16-Positive) Oropharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage I HPV-Mediated (p16-Positive) Oropharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage I includes: (T0, N0, M0); (T0, N1, M0); (T1, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0); (T2, N1, M0). T0: No primary identified. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in four or fewer lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage II HPV-Mediated (p16-Positive) Oropharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T0: No primary identified. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. T4: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial pterygoid, hard palate, or mandible or beyond. Mucosal extension to lingual surface of epiglottis from primary tumors of the base of the tongue and vallecula does not constitute invasion of the larynx. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in four or fewer lymph nodes.  N2: Tumor with metastasis in more than four lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage III HPV-Mediated (p16-Positive) Oropharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T3, N2, M0); (T4, N2, M0). T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. T4: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial pterygoid, hard palate, or mandible or beyond. Mucosal extension to lingual surface of epiglottis from primary tumors of the base of the tongue and vallecula does not constitute invasion of the larynx. N2: Tumor with metastasis in more than four lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IV HPV-Mediated (p16-Positive) Oropharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8


MGMT-Unmethylated Glioblastoma

A glioblastoma characterized by the absence of DNA methylation in the promoter region of the MGMT gene. It is associated with a poor outcome.


Stage III Oropharyngeal (p16-Negative) Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE (-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IV Oropharyngeal (p16-Negative) Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial pterygoid, hard palate, or mandible. Mucosal extension to lingual surface of epiglottis from primary tumors of the base of the tongue and vallecula does not constitute invasion of the larynx. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. T4b: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades lateral pterygoid muscle, pterygoid plates, lateral nasopharynx, or skull base or encases carotid artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE (-). N2: Tumor with metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or larger than 3 cm but not larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N3: Tumor with metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral lymph nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVA Oropharyngeal (p16-Negative) Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades the larynx, extrinsic muscle of tongue, medial pterygoid, hard palate, or mandible. Mucosal extension to lingual surface of epiglottis from primary tumors of the base of the tongue and vallecula does not constitute invasion of the larynx. T1: Tumor 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but not larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or extension to lingual surface of epiglottis. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N2: Tumor with metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or larger than 3 cm but not larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVB Oropharyngeal (p16-Negative) Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0). T4b: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades lateral pterygoid muscle, pterygoid plates, lateral nasopharynx, or skull base or encases carotid artery. N3: Tumor with metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral lymph nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVC Oropharyngeal (p16-Negative) Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage III Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or with fixation of hemilarynx or extension to esophagus. T1: Tumor limited to one subsite of hypopharynx and/or 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor invading more than one subsite of hypopharynx or an adjacent site, or measuring more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without fixation of hemilarynx. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE (-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IV Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades thyroid/cricoid cartilage, hyoid bone, thyroid gland, or central compartment soft tissue. Central compartment soft tissue includes prelaryngeal strap muscles and subcutaneous fat. T1: Tumor limited to one subsite of hypopharynx and/or 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor invading more than one subsite of hypopharynx or an adjacent site, or measuring more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without fixation of hemilarynx. T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or with fixation of hemilarynx or extension to esophagus. T4b: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral fascia, encases carotid artery, or involves mediastinal structures.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE (-). N2: Tumor with metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or larger than 3 cm but not larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N3: Tumor with metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral lymph nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVA Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades thyroid/cricoid cartilage, hyoid bone, thyroid gland, or central compartment soft tissue. Central compartment soft tissue includes prelaryngeal strap muscles and subcutaneous fat. T1: Tumor limited to one subsite of hypopharynx and/or 2 cm or smaller in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor invading more than one subsite of hypopharynx or an adjacent site, or measuring more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without fixation of hemilarynx. T3: Tumor larger than 4 cm in greatest dimension or with fixation of hemilarynx or extension to esophagus. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N2: Tumor with metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or larger than 3 cm but not larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVB Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0). T4b: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral fascia, encases carotid artery, or involves mediastinal structures. N3: Tumor with metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral lymph nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVC Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma AJCC v8


Stage II Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Maxillary sinus: Tumor causing bone erosion or destruction including extension into the hard palate and/or middle nasal meatus, except extension to posterior wall of maxillary sinus and pterygoid plates. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor invading two subsites in a single region or extending to involve an adjacent region within the nasoethmoidal complex, with or without bony invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage III Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Maxillary sinus: Tumor invading any of the following: bone of the posterior wall of maxillary sinus, subcutaneous tissues, floor or medial wall of orbit, pterygoid fossa, or ethmoid sinuses. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor invading the medial wall or floor of the orbit, maxillary sinus, palate, or cribriform plate.  T1: Maxillary sinus: Tumor limited to the maxillary sinus mucosa with no erosion or destruction of bone. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor restricted to any one subsite, with or without bony invasion. T2: Maxillary sinus: Tumor causing bone erosion or destruction including extension into the hard palate and/or middle nasal meatus, except extension to posterior wall of maxillary sinus and pterygoid plates. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor invading two subsites in a single region or extending to involve an adjacent region within the nasoethmoidal complex, with or without bony invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IV Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB: (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Maxillary sinus: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades anterior orbital contents, skin of cheek, pterygoid plates, infratemporal fossa, cribriform plate, sphenoid or frontal sinuses. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades any of the following: anterior orbital contents, skin of nose or cheek, minimal extension to anterior cranial fossa, pterygoid plates, sphenoid or frontal sinuses. T4b: Very advanced local disease.  Tumor invades any of the following: orbital apex, dura, brain, middle cranial fossa, cranial nerves other than maxillary division of trigeminal nerve (V2), nasopharynx, or clivus. T1: Maxillary sinus: Tumor limited to the maxillary sinus mucosa with no erosion or destruction of bone. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor restricted to any one subsite, with or without bony invasion. T2: Maxillary sinus: Tumor causing bone erosion or destruction including extension into the hard palate and/or middle nasal meatus, except extension to posterior wall of maxillary sinus and pterygoid plates. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor invading two subsites in a single region or extending to involve an adjacent region within the nasoethmoidal complex, with or without bony invasion. T3: Maxillary sinus: Tumor invading any of the following: bone of the posterior wall of maxillary sinus, subcutaneous tissues, floor or medial wall of orbit, pterygoid fossa, or ethmoid sinuses. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor invading the medial wall or floor of the orbit, maxillary sinus, palate, or cribriform plate. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm but not larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes , none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N3: Metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral or bilateral nodes, any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis.  (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVA Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Maxillary sinus: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades anterior orbital contents, skin of cheek, pterygoid plates, infratemporal fossa, cribriform plate, sphenoid or frontal sinuses. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades any of the following: anterior orbital contents, skin of nose or cheek, minimal extension to anterior cranial fossa, pterygoid plates, sphenoid or frontal sinuses. T1: Maxillary sinus: Tumor limited to the maxillary sinus mucosa with no erosion or destruction of bone. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor restricted to any one subsite, with or without bony invasion. T2: Maxillary sinus: Tumor causing bone erosion or destruction including extension into the hard palate and/or middle nasal meatus, except extension to posterior wall of maxillary sinus and pterygoid plates. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor invading two subsites in a single region or extending to involve an adjacent region within the nasoethmoidal complex, with or without bony invasion. T3: Maxillary sinus: Tumor invading any of the following: bone of the posterior wall of maxillary sinus, subcutaneous tissues, floor or medial wall of orbit, pterygoid fossa, or ethmoid sinuses. Nasal cavity and ethmoid sinus: Tumor invading the medial wall or floor of the orbit, maxillary sinus, palate, or cribriform plate. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm but not larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes , none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVB Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4b: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades any of the following: orbital apex, dura, brain, middle cranial fossa, cranial nerves other than maxillary division of trigeminal nerve (V2), nasopharynx, or clivus. N3: Metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral or bilateral nodes, any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage II Laryngeal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Supraglottis: Tumor invades the mucosa of more than one adjacent subsite of supraglottis or glottis or region outside the supraglottis (e.g., mucosa of base of the tongue, vallecula, medial wall of pyriform sinus) without fixation of the larynx. Glottis: Tumor extends to supraglottis and/or subglottis, and/or with impaired vocal cord mobility. Subglottis: Tumor extends to vocal cord(s) with normal or impaired mobility. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage III Laryngeal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Supraglottis: Tumor is limited to larynx with vocal cord fixation and/or invades any of the following: postcricoid area, preepiglottic space, paraglottic space, and/or inner cortex of thyroid cartilage. Glottis: Tumor is limited to the larynx with vocal cord fixation and /or invades the paraglottic space, and/or inner cortex of the thyroid cartilage. Subglottis: Tumor is limited to the larynx with vocal cord fixation and/or invades the paraglottic space and/or inner cortex of the thyroid cartilage. T1: Supraglottis: Tumor is limited to one subsite of supraglottis with normal vocal cord mobility. Glottis: Tumor is limited to the vocal cord(s) (may involve anterior or posterior commissure) with normal mobility. Subglottis: Tumor is limited to the subglottis. T2: Supraglottis: Tumor invades the mucosa of more than one adjacent subsite of supraglottis or glottis or region outside the supraglottis (e.g., mucosa of base of the tongue, vallecula, medial wall of pyriform sinus) without fixation of the larynx. Glottis: Tumor extends to supraglottis and/or subglottis, and/or with impaired vocal cord mobility. Subglottis: Tumor extends to vocal cord(s) with normal or impaired mobility. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IV Laryngeal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0); IVC: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Supraglottis: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades through the outer cortex of the thyroid cartilage and/or invades tissues beyond the larynx (e.g., trachea, soft tissues of neck including deep extrinsic muscle of the tongue, strap muscles, thyroid, or esophagus). Glottis: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades through the outer cortex of the thyroid cartilage and/or invades tissues beyond the larynx (e.g., trachea, cricoid cartilage, soft tissues of neck including deep extrinsic muscle of the tongue, strap muscles, thyroid, or esophagus). Subglottis: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades cricoid or thyroid cartilage and/or invades tissues beyond the larynx (e.g., trachea, soft tissues of neck including deep extrinsic muscles of the tongue, strap muscles, thyroid, or esophagus). T3: Supraglottis: Tumor is limited to larynx with vocal cord fixation and/or invades any of the following: postcricoid area, preepiglottic space, paraglottic space, and/or inner cortex of thyroid cartilage. Glottis: Tumor is limited to the larynx with vocal cord fixation and /or invades the paraglottic space, and/or inner cortex of the thyroid cartilage. Subglottis: Tumor is limited to the larynx with vocal cord fixation and/or invades the paraglottic space and/or inner cortex of the thyroid cartilage. T1: Supraglottis: Tumor is limited to one subsite of supraglottis with normal vocal cord mobility. Glottis: Tumor is limited to the vocal cord(s) (may involve anterior or posterior commissure) with normal mobility. Subglottis: Tumor is limited to the subglottis. T2: Supraglottis: Tumor invades the mucosa of more than one adjacent subsite of supraglottis or glottis or region outside the supraglottis (e.g., mucosa of base of the tongue, vallecula, medial wall of pyriform sinus) without fixation of the larynx. Glottis: Tumor extends to supraglottis and/or subglottis, and/or with impaired vocal cord mobility. Subglottis: Tumor extends to vocal cord(s) with normal or impaired mobility. T4b: Supraglottis: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral space, encases carotid artery, or invades mediastinal structures. Glottis: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral space, encases carotid artery, or invades mediastinal structures. Subglottis: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral space, encases carotid artery, or invades mediastinal structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, more than 3 cm but not more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N3: metastasis in a lymph node, more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, more than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral lymph nodes and any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVA Laryngeal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Supraglottis: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades through the outer cortex of the thyroid cartilage and/or invades tissues beyond the larynx (e.g., trachea, soft tissues of neck including deep extrinsic muscle of the tongue, strap muscles, thyroid, or esophagus). Glottis: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades through the outer cortex of the thyroid cartilage and/or invades tissues beyond the larynx (e.g., trachea, cricoid cartilage, soft tissues of neck including deep extrinsic muscle of the tongue, strap muscles, thyroid, or esophagus). Subglottis: Moderately advanced local disease. Tumor invades cricoid or thyroid cartilage and/or invades tissues beyond the larynx (e.g., trachea, soft tissues of neck including deep extrinsic muscles of the tongue, strap muscles, thyroid, or esophagus). T3: Supraglottis: Tumor is limited to larynx with vocal cord fixation and/or invades any of the following: postcricoid area, preepiglottic space, paraglottic space, and/or inner cortex of thyroid cartilage. Glottis: Tumor is limited to the larynx with vocal cord fixation and /or invades the paraglottic space, and/or inner cortex of the thyroid cartilage. Subglottis: Tumor is limited to the larynx with vocal cord fixation and/or invades the paraglottic space and/or inner cortex of the thyroid cartilage. T1: Supraglottis: Tumor is limited to one subsite of supraglottis with normal vocal cord mobility. Glottis: Tumor is limited to the vocal cord(s) (may involve anterior or posterior commissure) with normal mobility. Subglottis: Tumor is limited to the subglottis. T2: Supraglottis: Tumor invades the mucosa of more than one adjacent subsite of supraglottis or glottis or region outside the supraglottis (e.g., mucosa of base of the tongue, vallecula, medial wall of pyriform sinus) without fixation of the larynx. Glottis: Tumor extends to supraglottis and/or subglottis, and/or with impaired vocal cord mobility. Subglottis: Tumor extends to vocal cord(s) with normal or impaired mobility. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, more than 3 cm but not more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVB Laryngeal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N3, M0); (T4b, Any N, M0). T4b: Supraglottis: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral space, encases carotid artery, or invades mediastinal structures. Glottis: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral space, encases carotid artery, or invades mediastinal structures. Subglottis: Very advanced local disease. Tumor invades prevertebral space, encases carotid artery, or invades mediastinal structures. N3: metastasis in a lymph node, more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, more than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral lymph nodes and any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVC Laryngeal Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Mucosal Melanoma of the Head and Neck

A melanoma that arises in the mucosa of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, oral cavity, oropharynx, nasopharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx.


Oral Intraepithelial Neoplasia

A precancerous neoplastic process affecting the oral mucosa. It is characterized by the presence of dysplasia in the mucosal epithelium.


Metastatic Thyroid Gland Carcinoma

Thyroid gland carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the skin of the head and neck.


Stage I Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck AJCC v8

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor smaller than 2 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage II Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor 2 cm or larger, but smaller than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage III Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0). T3: Tumor 4 cm or larger in greatest dimension or minor bone erosion or perineural invasion or deep invasion. Deep invasion is defined as invasion beyond the subcutaneous fat or larger than 6 mm; perineural invasion for T3 classification is defined as tumor cells within the nerve sheath of a nerve lying deeper than the dermis or measuring 0.1 mm or larger in caliber, or presenting with clinical or radiographic involvement of named nerves without skull base invasion or transgression. T1: Tumor smaller than 2 cm in greatest dimension.  T2: Tumor 2 cm or larger, but smaller than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IV Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); (T4, Any N, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). T1: Tumor smaller than 2 cm in greatest dimension. T2: Tumor 2 cm or larger, but smaller than 4 cm in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor 4 cm or larger in greatest dimension or minor bone erosion or perineural invasion or deep invasion. Deep invasion is defined as invasion beyond the subcutaneous fat or larger than 6 mm; perineural invasion for T3 classification is defined as tumor cells within the nerve sheath of a nerve lying deeper than the dermis or measuring 0.1 mm or larger in caliber, or presenting with clinical or radiographic involvement of named nerves without skull base invasion or transgression. T4: Tumor with gross cortical bone/marrow, skull base invasion and/or skull base foramen invasion. N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or smaller in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm but not larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-).  N3: Metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral lymph nodes, any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Esophageal Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of esophageal carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


Clinical Stage I Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage II Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: T1, N1, M0; IIB: T2, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IIA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIA includes: T1, N1, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IIB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIB includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage III Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0-1, M0); (T4a, N0-1, M0). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IV Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T1-4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IVA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T1-4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IVB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IB includes: (T1a, N0, M0, G2); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-2); (T1b, N0, M0, GX). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G2: Moderately differentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IC Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IC includes: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage II Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: (T2, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, GX); IIB: (T1, N1, M0, Any G); (T3, N0, M0, Any G). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIA includes: (T2, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, GX). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIB includes: (T1, N1, M0, Any G); (T3, N0, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage III Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N2, M0, Any G); (T2, N1, M0, Any G); IIIB: (T2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIIA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: (T1, N2, M0, Any G); (T2, N1, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIIB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: (T2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IV Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1, Any G). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IVA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IVB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage II Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage III Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T0-2, N1, M0); IIIB: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IIIA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: T0-2, N1, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IIIB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IV Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IVA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IVB Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by AJCC v8 Stage

A term that refers to the staging of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


Clinical Stage II Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: (T2, N0-1, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage III Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T1-3, N2, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IV Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: Tumor invades adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IVA Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4: Tumor invades adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IVB Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage III Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IIIA Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IIIB Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IV Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IVA Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IVB Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8


Large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement

A large B-cell lymphoma that usually affects the Waldeyer ring and/or cervical lymph nodes and less often the gastrointestinal tract. It occurs most commonly in children and young adults and is low stage. It is characterized by a follicular, follicular and diffuse, or pure diffuse growth pattern resembling follicular lymphoma grade 3B or a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Most cases have IG/IRF4 rearrangements. BCL2 rearrangements are not present. Some cases that belong in this category lack an IRF4 rearrangement but have strong IRF4/MUM1 expression. This lymphoma is more aggressive than pediatric-type follicular lymphomas.


Recurrent Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor

The reemergence of an atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor after a period of remission.


Melanoma Metastatic in the Central Nervous System

A melanoma that has spread to the central nervous system from its original site of growth, through the hematogenous route.


Pathologic Stage III Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T2, N1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); IIIB: (T2, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIIA Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: (T1, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T2, N1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIIB Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: (T2, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IV Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IVA Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G, Tumor location: Any). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IVB Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G, Tumor location: Any. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage 0 Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: High-grade dysplasia, defined as malignant cells confined to the epithelium by the basement membrane. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage I Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage II Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: T1, N1, M0; IIB: T2, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IIA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIA includes: T1, N1, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IIB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIB includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage III Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0-1, M0); (T4a, N0-1, M0). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IV Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T1-4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IVA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T1-4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IVB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage 0 Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0, GN/A. Tis: High-grade dysplasia, defined as malignant cells confined to the epithelium by the basement membrane. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GN/A: Grade non-applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage I Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0, G1); (T1a, N0, M0, GX); IB: (T1a, N0, M0, G2); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-2); (T1b, N0, M0, GX); IC: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IA includes: (T1a, N0, M0, G1); (T1a, N0, M0, GX). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IB includes: (T1a, N0, M0, G2); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-2); (T1b, N0, M0, GX). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G2: Moderately differentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IC Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IC includes: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage II Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: (T2, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, GX); IIB: (T1, N1, M0, Any G); (T3, N0, M0, Any G). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIA includes: (T2, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, GX). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIB includes: (T1, N1, M0, Any G); (T3, N0, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage III Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N2, M0, Any G); (T2, N1, M0, Any G); IIIB: (T2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIIA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: (T1, N2, M0, Any G); (T2, N1, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIIB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: (T2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IV Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1, Any G). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IVA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IVB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage II Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage II includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage III Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T0-2, N1, M0); IIIB: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IIIA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: T0-2, N1, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IIIB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T0-3, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IV Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IVA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IVB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Relapsing classical Hodgkin lymphoma

The reemergence of classic Hodgkin lymphoma after a period of remission.


Clinical Stage 0 Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ: intraepithelial tumor without invasion of the lamina propria, high grade dysplasia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage I Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage II Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: (T1, N1, N2, or N3, M0); (T2, N1, N2, or N3, M0); IIB: (T3, N0, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage III Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: (T3, N1, N2, or N3, M0); (T4a, N1, N2, or N3, M0). T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IV Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4b, Any N, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures/organs. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IVA Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IVA includes: (T4b, Any N, M0): T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures/organs. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clinical Stage IVB Gastric Cancer AJCC v8


Pathologic Stage 0 Gastric Cancer AJCC v8


Pathologic Stage I Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage I includes: IA: (T1, N0, M0); IB: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IA Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IA includes: (T1, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IB Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IB includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage II Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: IIA: (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0); IIB: (T1, N3a, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3a: Tumor with metastasis in seven to fifteen regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIA Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIA includes: (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIB Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIB includes: (T1, N3a, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4a, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3a: Tumor with metastasis in seven to fifteen regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage III Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage III includes: IIIA: (T2, N3a, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0, M0); IIIB: (T1, N3b, M0); (T2, N3b, M0); (T3, N3a, M0); (T4a, N3a, M0); (T4b, N1, M0); (T4b, N2, M0); IIIC: (T3, N3b, M0); (T4a, N3b, M0); (T4b, N3a, M0); (T4b, N3b, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures/organs. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3a: Tumor with metastasis in seven to fifteen regional lymph nodes. N3b: Tumor with metastasis in sixteen or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIIA Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIA includes: (T2, N3a, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0, M0). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures/organs.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3a: Tumor with metastasis in seven to fifteen regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIIB Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIB includes: (T1, N3b, M0); (T2, N3b, M0); (T3, N3a, M0); (T4a, N3a, M0); (T4b, N1, M0); (T4b, N2, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures/organs. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3a: Tumor with metastasis in seven to fifteen regional lymph nodes. N3b: Tumor with metastasis in sixteen or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IIIC Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IIIC includes: (T3, N3b, M0); (T4a, N3b, M0); (T4b, N3a, M0); (T4b, N3b, M0). T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures/organs. N3a: Tumor with metastasis in seven to fifteen regional lymph nodes. N3b: Tumor with metastasis in sixteen or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Pathologic Stage IV Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage I Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); (T2, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage II Gastric Cancer AJCC v8

Stage II includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T4a, N0, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T1, N3, M0). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor penetrates the subserosal connective tissue without invasion of the visceral peritoneum or adjacent structures. T4a: Tumor invades the serosa (visceral peritoneum). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)