name: Stage IIIB Lung Small Cell Carcinoma without Pleural Effusion AJCC v7

description: Stage IIIB small cell lung carcinoma that has not spread to the pleural fluid.


name: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of lung

category: biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: A low-grade malignant blood vessel neoplasm arising from the lung.  It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells.  The neoplastic cells are arranged in cords and nests, which are embedded in a myxoid to hyalinized stroma.


Lymphomatoid granulomatosis of lung

description: A rare lymphoproliferative disorder that affects the lungs.  It is characterized by the presence of an angiocentric and angiodestructive polymorphic cellular infiltrate composed of EBV-positive neoplastic B-lymphocytes and reactive T-lymphocytes.  The majority of patients present with bilateral nodular lesions in the lungs.  The prognosis depends on the histologic grade of the lesions. One third of patients with grade 1 lesions and two thirds of patients with grade 2 lesions progress to non-Hodgkin lymphoma.  Grade 3 lesions, by definition, are classified as non-Hodgkin lymphomas.


Thymic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

description: A carcinoid tumor or neuroendocrine carcinoma arising from the thymus gland.


name: Stage IB Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma AJCC v7

description: Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0.  T1b: Pleural mesothelioma with a tumor also involving the visceral pleura N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Metastatic Lung Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: Lung large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


name: Lung Non-Small Cell Cancer by AJCC v7 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of non-small cell lung carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.


Lung Soft Tissue Neoplasm

description: A benign, intermediate, or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the lung.


chest wall bone cancer

description: An uncommon malignant neoplasm that arises from the chest wall bones. Representative examples include chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and Ewing sarcoma/peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor.


Cardiac Monophasic Synovial Sarcoma

description: A monophasic synovial sarcoma arising from the heart.


Metaplastic thymoma

description: A rare type of well circumscribed or encapsulated thymoma with a biphasic architecture, consisting of epithelial cell islands and bundles of spindle cells.  The vast majority of reported cases had a benign clinical course.


name: Stage III Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor

description: Locoregional tumor, regional lymph nodes negative or positive; no distant metastasis; biopsy only or gross residual tumor after primary resection. (WHO Classification of Tumors of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart, 2015)


Mediastinal Solitary Fibrous Tumor

description: A localized neoplasm of probable fibroblastic derivation, that arises from the mediastinum.  It is characterized by the presence of round to spindle-shaped cells, hylanized stroma formation, thin-walled branching blood vessels, and thin bands of collagen.


Stage IV Thymoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, N0,1, M1a); IVB: (Any T, N2, M0, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in anterior (perithymic) lymph nodes. N2: Metastasis in deep intrathoracic or cervical lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Separate pleural or pericardial nodule(s). M1b: Pulmonary intraparenchymal nodule or distant organ metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IIIA Lung Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IIIA includes: (T1a, N2, M0); (T1b, N2, M0); (T2a, N2, M0); (T2b, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0).  T4: Lung cancer with a tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina, and separate tumor nodule(s) in a different ipsilateral lobe.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension.  N2: Lung cancer with metastasis to ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


sternum cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the sternum


Pleural Mesothelioma In Situ

description: A non-invasive mesothelial neoplasm that arises from the pleura. It is characterized by the proliferation of a single-layer of flat or cuboidal neoplastic mesothelial cells. Cytological atypia is absent or minimal. Mitoses are absent. BAP1 gene inactivation and/or CDKN2A gene homozygous deletion are present. Patients present with non-resolving pleural effusion. It may progress to invasive epithelioid mesothelioma.


Lung Typical Carcinoid Tumor

description: A neuroendocrine tumor of the lung characterized by the absence of necrosis and the presence of less than 2 mitoses per 10 high power fields.


name: Unresectable Malignant Thoracic Neoplasm

description: A malignant thoracic neoplasm that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Mediastinal T Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma

description: A precursor T-cell lymphoid neoplasm composed of small to medium-sized lymphoblasts that affects the mediastinum.


name: Metastatic Lung Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: Lung neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


name: Stage IIIA Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIA includes: T3, N1, M0. T3: Tumor is locally advanced but potentially resectable. The tumor involves all the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following features: involvement of the endothoracic fascia, extension into the mediastinal fat, solitary, completely resectable focus of tumor extending into the soft tissues of the chest wall, and/or nontransmural involvement of the pericardium. N1: Metastases in the ipsilateral bronchopulmonary, hilar, or mediastinal (including the internal mammary, peridiaphragmatic, pericardial fat pad, or intercostal) lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Advanced Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Lung non-small cell carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Resectable Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma

description: Lung squamous cell carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


mediastinum leiomyoma

description: A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the mediastium. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern.


Metastatic Lung Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the lung and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Intrapulmonary teratoma

description: A teratoma that arises from the lung.


Metastatic Malignant Thoracic Neoplasm

description: A malignant thoracic neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


name: Metastatic Thymic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

description: A thymic neuroendocrine neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis

description: Lymphangiomatosis diffusely involving the lung parenchyma.


name: Advanced Lung Non-Small Cell Squamous Carcinoma

description: Non-small cell squamous lung carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


name: Stage IIIA Lung Small Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7


Lung Osteosarcoma

description: A rare extraskeletal osteosarcoma that arises from the lung parenchyma.


Lung Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma

description: An exceptionally rare alveolar soft part sarcoma that arises from the lung.


Sclerosing thymoma

description: A rare type of thymoma, characterized by an exuberant amount of collagen-rich stroma.


Lung Myolipoma

description: A benign tumor of the lung composed of mature adipocytes and smooth muscle cells.


Unresectable Lung Adenocarcinoma

description: Lung adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to thymus

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the thymus from another anatomic site.


name: Mediastinal Mixed Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor

description: An extragonadal nongerminomatous malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum and is composed of two or more germ cell tumor types.  It manifests with respiratory distress, thoracic pain, cough, superior vena cava syndrome, or hoarseness.


Malignant Lung and Pleural Neoplasm

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the lung and pleura.


benign neoplasm of pericardium

description: A benign neoplasm that involves the pericardium.


name: Stage 0 Lung Adenocarcinoma AJCC v6 and v7

description: Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0.  Tis: Carcinoma in situ.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Stage IB Lung Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IB includes: T2a, N0, M0.  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Metastatic malignant neoplasm to sternum

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the sternum from another anatomic site.


name: Locally Advanced Lung Adenosquamous Carcinoma

description: Lung adenosquamous carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Cardiac Biphasic Synovial Sarcoma

description: A biphasic synovial sarcoma arising from the heart.


Stage IA1 Lung Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IA1 includes: IA1: (T1mi, N0, M0); (T1a, N0, M0). T1mi: Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma: adenocarcinoma (3 cm or less in greatest dimension) with a predominantly lepidic pattern and 5 mm or less invasion in greatest dimension. T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus also is classified as T1a, but these tumors are uncommon. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Stage IB Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7


Lung Small Cell Carcinoma, N Subtype

description: A molecular subtype of lung small cell carcinoma characterized by the overexpression of neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NEUROD1). It is associated with low expression of neuroendocrine markers and variant morphology.


Sternal Chondromyxoid Fibroma

description: An uncommon benign cartilaginous neoplasm arising from the sternum. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped or stellate chondrocytes, a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, and sometimes multinucleated giant cells.


Thymoma malignant recurrent

description: Reemergence of malignant thymoma after a period of remission.


Masaoka-Koga Stage IVb

description: The tumor shows lymphogenous or hematogenous metastasis to distant sites.


Stage IVA Lung Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IVA includes: (Any T, Any N, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b). M1a: Tumor with separate tumor nodule(s) in a contralateral lobe; tumor with pleural or pericardial nodules or malignant pleural or pericardial effusion. Most pleural (pericardial) effusions with lung cancer are a result of the tumor. In a few patients, however, multiple microscopic examinations of pleural (pericardial) fluid are negative for tumor, and the fluid is nonbloody and not an exudate. If these elements and clinical judgment dictate that the effusion is not related to the tumor, the effusion should be excluded as a staging descriptor. M1b: Tumor with single extrathoracic metastasis in a single organ (including involvement of a single nonregional node). (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Stage I Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor

description: Locoregional tumor, non-metastatic, complete resection. (WHO Classification of Tumors of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart, 2015)


name: Advanced Lung Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: Lung large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Cardiac Intramuscular Hemangioma

description: A hemangioma arising from the myocardium.


name: Metastatic Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma

description: Pleural malignant mesothelioma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Conventional Cardiac Rhabdomyoma

description: A cardiac rhabdomyoma characterized by the presence of neoplastic large striated muscle cells with clear cytoplasm and spider cells.


Cardiac Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma

description: An undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma usually arising from the left atrium of the heart.  It is characterized by the presence of fibrohistiocytic cells, giant cells, and spindle cells arrranged iin a storiform pattern.  Clinical presentation includes signs and symptoms associated with left atrial hemodynamic changes.


name: Stage IB Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma AJCC v8

description: Stage IB includes: T2 or T3, N0, M0. T2: Tumor involving each of the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following features: involvement of diaphragmatic muscle and/or extension of tumor from visceral pleura into the underlying pulmonary parenchyma. T3: Tumor is locally advanced but potentially resectable. The tumor involves all the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following features: involvement of the endothoracic fascia, extension into the mediastinal fat, solitary, completely resectable focus of tumor extending into the soft tissues of the chest wall, and/or nontransmural involvement of the pericardium. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Childhood Malignant Lung Neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm that involves the lungs during childhood.


name: Stage II Lung Small Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage II includes: IIA (T2b, N0, M0); (T1a, N1, M0); (T1b, N1, M0); (T2a, N1, M0) and IIB (T2b, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0).  T2b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T1a: Lung cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a.  T1b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus).  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T3: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 7 cm or one that directly invades any of the following: parietal pleural (PL3) chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), diaphragm, phrenic nerve, mediastinal pleura, parietal pericardium; or tumor in the main bronchus (less than 2 cm distal to the carina but without involvement of the carina); or associated atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis of the entire lung or separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage III Lung Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage III includes: IIIA (T1a, N2, M0); (T1b, N2, M0); (T2a, N2, M0); (T2b, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0) and IIIB (T1a, N3, M0); (T1b, N3, M0); (T2a, N3, M0); (T2b, N3, M0); (T3, N3, M0); (T4, N2, M0); (T4, N3, M0).  T4: Lung cancer with a tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina, and separate tumor nodule(s) in a different ipsilateral lobe.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension.  N2: Lung cancer with metastasis to ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph nodes.  N3: Lung cancer with metastasis to contralateral mediastinal, contralateral hilar, ipsilateral or contralateral scalene, or supraclavicular lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage I Lung Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0); (T1b, N0, M0) and IB: (T2a, N0, M0).  T1a: Lung cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less n greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a.  T1b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus).  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


embryonal carcinoma of mediastinum

description: An extragonadal malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum and is composed of primitive large cells with clear or granular cytoplasm forming solid, glandular, or papillary patterns.  It usually affects young males.  It manifests with respiratory distress, thoracic or shoulder pain, fever, cough, superior vena cava syndrome, or hoarseness.


Lung Plasmacytoma

description: A plasmacytoma that arises in the lung.


Thymoma by AJCC v8 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of thymoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system.


mediastinum angiosarcoma

description: A malignant vascular neoplasm arising from the mediastinum.


Adenocarcinoma of lung stage IIIA

description: Stage IIIA includes: (T1a, N2, M0); (T1b, N2, M0); (T2a, N2, M0); (T2b, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0).  T4: Lung cancer with a tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina, and separate tumor nodule(s) in a different ipsilateral lobe.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension.  N2: Lung cancer with metastasis to ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage IIB Lung Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IIB includes: (T2b, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0).  T2b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T3: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 7 cm or one that directly invades any of the following: parietal pleural (PL3) chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), diaphragm, phrenic nerve, mediastinal pleura, parietal pericardium; or tumor in the main bronchus (less than 2 cm distal to the carina but without involvement of the carina); or associated atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis of the entire lung or separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Stage IB Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IB includes: T2a, N0, M0.  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Mediastinal Granulocytic Sarcoma

description: A malignant tumor that arises from the mediastinum and is composed of myeloblasts, neutrophils and neutrophil precursors. It is the most common type of myeloid sarcoma affecting the mediastinum.


Metastatic Lung Adenosquamous Carcinoma

description: An adenosquamous carcinoma that arises from the lung and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


epicardium lipoma

description: A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the epicardium of the heart.


Hodgkin's lymphoma of lung

description: A rare Hodgkin lymphoma that arises in and is confined to the lung at the time of diagnosis.


EGFR-Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma

description: Lung adenocarcinoma that is associated with EGFR gene mutation.


name: Stage IB Lung Small Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7


Masaoka-Koga Stage II

description: The tumor shows invasion into the capsule.


Localized Lung Carcinoma

description: Lung carcinoma that is confined to the site in which it initially manifested without evidence of spread to other anatomic sites.


Refractory Lung Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Small cell lung carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


Benign neoplasm of hilus of lung

description: A neoplasm that arises from the hilar region of lung and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


Stage I Lung Cancer AJCC v6

description: Stage I includes: IA: (TI, N0, M0) and IB: (T2, N0, M0).  TI: Tumor 3 cm or less in greatest dimension surrounded by lung or visceral pleura, without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus.  T2: Tumor with any of the following features of size or extent: More than 3cm in greatest dimension.  Involves main bronchus, 2cm or more distal to the carina.  Invades the visceral pleura.  N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


pleural solitary fibrous tumor

description: A localized neoplasm of probable fibroblastic derivation, that arises from the pleura. It is characterized by the presence of round to spindle-shaped cells, hylanized stroma formation, thin-walled branching blood vessels, and thin bands of collagen.


Non-small cell lung cancer stage I

description: Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0); (T1b, N0, M0) and IB: (T2a, N0, M0).  T1a: Lung cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less n greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a.  T1b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus).  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Cardiac Yolk Sac Tumor

description: A yolk sac tumor that arises within the myocardium or cardiac chambers.


Masaoka-Koga Stage IIa

description: The tumor shows microscopic invasion into the capsule.


name: Locally Advanced Lung Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: Lung neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


name: Congenital Peribronchial Myofibroblastic Tumor

description: A rare lung neoplasm that occurs in the intrauterine and perinatal period. It is characterized by the proliferation of spindle cells in an interstitial, peribronchial pattern. Surgical resection of the involved lung parenchyma is the treatment of choice.


Stage IA3 Lung Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IA3 includes: T1c, N0, M0. T1c: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


benign neoplasm of heart

description: A benign neoplasm that involves the heart.


name: Lung Small Cell Carcinoma Molecular Subtypes

description: A header term that refers to the molecular classification of lung small cell carcinoma according to the relative expression of four transcription factors: achaete-scute homolog 1 (ASCL1), neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NEUROD1), yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), and POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3).


name: Micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma

description: A rare type of thymoma characterized by the presence of multiple, well formed epithelial nodules separated by a lymphocytic stroma that usually contains germinal centers.  Reported cases have not been associated with recurrences or metastases.


benign neoplasm of myocardium

description: A benign neoplasm that involves the myocardium.


name: Stage IV Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma AJCC v7

description: Stage IV includes: (T4, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1).  T4: Pleural mesothelioma with a locally advanced technically unresectable tumor.  Tumor involving all the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following: diffuse extension or multifocal masses of tumor in the chest wall, with or without associated rib destruction; direct transdiaphragmatic extension of tumor to the peritoneum; direct extension of tumor to the contralateral pleura; direct extension of tumor to mediastinal organs; direct extension of tumor into the spine; tumor extending through to the internal surface of the pericardium with or without a pericardial effusion or tumor involving the myocardium.  N3: Pleural mesothelioma with metastases in the contralateral mediastinal, contralateral internal mammary, ipsilateral or contralateral supraclavicular lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage II Lung Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage II includes: IIA: (T2b, N0, M0); IIB: (T1a, N1, M0); (T1b, N1, M0); (T1c, N1, M0); (T2a, N1, M0); (T2b, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T2b: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus also is classified as T1a, but these tumors are uncommon. T1b: Tumor measuring more than 1 cm but 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T1c: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T2a: Tumor measuring more than 3 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension or directly invading any of the following: parietal pleura (PL3), chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), phrenic nerve, parietal pericardium; or separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe as the primary. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. N1: Metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary nodes, including involvement by direct extension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Stage I Thymic Epithelial Neoplasm AJCC v8

description: Stage I includes: T1a, b, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor with no mediastinal pleura involvement. T1b: Tumor with direct invasion of mediastinal pleura. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Lung Mature B-Cell Neoplasm

description: A neoplasm that arises from mature B-lymphocytes or plasma cells in the lung.  Representative examples include mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, and primary pulmonary plasmacytoma.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to axilla

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the structures of the axilla from another anatomic site.


Stage IIIB Thymoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIB includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Tumor with invasion into any of the following: aorta (ascending, arch, or descending), arch vessels, intrapericardial pulmonary artery, myocardium, trachea, esophagus. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Benign Pericardial Germ Cell Tumor

description: A germ cell tumor that arises from the pericardium. There is no evidence of atypia or metastases.


description: A low-grade malignant blood vessel neoplasm arising from the pleura. It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells.  The neoplastic cells are arranged in cords and nests, which are embedded in a myxoid to hyalinized stroma.


Unresectable Lung Carcinoma

description: Lung carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Lung Hyalinizing Clear Cell Carcinoma

description: An extremely rare, low-grade carcinoma that arises endobronchially in the central airways. It is composed of small to medium-sized malignant epithelial cells with clear and eosinophilic cytoplasm forming nests, cords, and trabeculae in a hyalinized stroma. It is associated with the presence of EWSR1-ATF1 fusion gene.


name: Stage IA Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IA includes: (T1a, N0, M0); (T1b, N0, M0).  T1a: Lung cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a.  T1b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus).  N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Benign Atrial Neoplasm

description: A neoplasm that arises from the right or left atrium and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


Stage III Lung Cancer AJCC v6

description: Stage III includes: IIIA (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N1,M0); (T3, N2, M0) or IIIB (Any T, N3, M0); (T4, Any N, M0).  N1: Metastasis to ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes, and intrapulmonary nodes including involvement by direct extension of the primary tumor.  N2: Metastasis to ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph node(s).  N3: Metastasis to contralateral mediastinal, contralateral hilar, ipsilateral or contralateral scalene, or supraclavicular lymph node(s).  T1: Tumor is 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura, and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus.  T2: Tumor has any of the following features of size or extent: more than 3 cm in greatest dimension; involves the main bronchus, 2 cm or more distal to the carina; invades the visceral pleura; associated with atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis that extends to the hilar region but does not involve the entire lung.  T3: Tumor (of any size) directly invades any of the following: chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), diaphragm, mediastinal pleura, parietal pericardium; or tumor in the main bronchus less than 2 cm distal to the carina but without involvement of the carina; or associated atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis of the entire lung.  T4: Tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, esophagus, vertebral body, carina; or separate tumor nodules in the same lobe; or tumor with a malignant pleural effusion.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


endocardium cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the endocardium.


Benign Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor

description: A germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum. There is no evidence of atypia or metastases.


Mediastinal Myeloid Sarcoma

description: A mass-forming malignant neoplasm that arises from the mediastinum and is characterized by the proliferation of myeloblasts or immature myeloid cells. It may present in association with or precede acute myeloid leukemia, or it may be the first manifestation of relapse of acute myeloid leukemia.


Cardiac Cavernous Hemangioma

description: A hemangioma arising from the heart.  It is characterized by the presence of cavernous vascular spaces.


Refractory Lung Carcinoma

description: Lung carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


name: Thymic Epithelial Neoplasm by AJCC v8 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of a thymic epithelial neoplasm, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system applies to thymomas, thymic carcinomas, thymic neuroendocrine tumors, and combined thymic carcinomas. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Metastatic Carcinoma in the Lung

description: The spread of a carcinoma to the lung. This may be from a primary lung carcinoma, or from a carcinoma at a distant anatomic site.


pleural cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the pleura. A representative example of primary malignant pleural neoplasm is the malignant pleural mesothelioma. A representative example of metastatic malignant neoplasm to the pleura is metastatic carcinoma that has spread to the pleura from another anatomic site.


Hodgkin's lymphoma of mediastinum

description: A Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the mediastinum.  It usually involves mediastinal lymph nodes and/or the thymus.  Signs and symptoms include fever, weight loss, fatigue, and night sweats.


Pericardial Germ Cell Tumor

description: A rare benign or malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the pericardium. The reported cases have been teratomas and yolk sac tumors.


Non-small cell lung cancer stage IIIA

description: Stage IIIA includes: (T1a, N2, M0); (T1b, N2, M0); (T2a, N2, M0); (T2b, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0).  T4: Lung cancer with a tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina, and separate tumor nodule(s) in a different ipsilateral lobe.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension.  N2: Lung cancer with metastasis to ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


chest wall lipoma

description: A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the chest wall.


Transplant-Related Lung Carcinoma

description: A lung carcinoma that arises in a patient with a history of organ transplantation.


Thymoliposarcoma

description: A liposarcoma that arises from the thymus gland.  It is characterized by the presence of a liposarcomatous malignant infiltrate that entraps lobules of thymic tissue.


Lung Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of lung cancer, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system derives from analyses of the new retrospective and prospective databases of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC). These databases contain information on patients diagnosed with lung cancer from 1999 to 2010 originating from 35 different databases in 16 countries around the world. This staging system applies to carcinomas of the lung, including non-small cell and small cell carcinomas, and bronchopulmonary carcinoid tumors. It does not apply to sarcomas or other rare tumors of the lung. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Lung Malignant PEComa

description: A malignant lung tumor that arises from perivascular epithelioid cells (PECs).


Pleural Carcinomatosis

description: Carcinoma that has spread diffusely to the pleura.


solitary plasmacytoma of chest wall

description: A solitary plasmacytoma that arises from the chest wall.


name: Stage IV Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor

description: Tumor with distant metastasis. (WHO Classification of Tumors of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart, 2015)


Thymoma by Masaoka-Koga Stage

description: A staging system for thymoma based on the anatomic extent of disease at the time of surgery.


thymus cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the thymus. This category includes malignant thymomas, thymic lymphomas, primary thymic carcinomas, and metastatic carcinomas from other anatomic sites.


Adenocarcinoma of lung, stage III

description: Stage III includes: IIIA (T1a, N2, M0); (T1b, N2, M0); (T2a, N2, M0); (T2b, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0) and IIIB (T1a, N3, M0); (T1b, N3, M0); (T2a, N3, M0); (T2b, N3, M0); (T3, N3, M0); (T4, N2, M0); (T4, N3, M0).  T4: Lung cancer with a tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina, and separate tumor nodule(s) in a different ipsilateral lobe.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension.  N2: Lung cancer with metastasis to ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph nodes.  N3: Lung cancer with metastasis to contralateral mediastinal, contralateral hilar, ipsilateral or contralateral scalene, or supraclavicular lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Cardiac Myeloid Sarcoma

description: A rare extramedullary myeloid tumor that arises from the heart.  It may present in association with or as a site of relapse of acute myeloid leukemia. Rare cases of myeloid sarcoma of the heart preceding acute myeloid leukemia have also been reported.


name: Lung Small Cell Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine-High Subtype

description: Lung small cell carcinoma characterized by high expression pattern of different neuroendocrine markers such as chromogranin A, synaptophysin, neural cell adhesion molecule 1, and gastrin-releasing peptide. It is associated with low numbers of infiltrating immune cells (immune desert phenotype).


Microscopic Thymoma

description: A rare type of thymoma, composed of multifocal epithelial proliferations less than 1 mm in diameter.  This type of thymoma usually occurs in myasthenia gravis patients without any macroscopic (gross) evidence of tumor.


name: Unresectable Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma

description: Malignant mesothelioma of the pleura that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Stage IA Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma AJCC v7

description: Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0.  T1a: Pleural mesothelioma with no involvement of the visceral pleura. N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Thymoma, type B1, malignant

description: A type B1 thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.


name: malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) of mediastinum

description: A malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor that arises from the mediastinum.  It may be associated with neurofibromatosis.  It often spreads to the lungs or pleura.


Cardiac Rhabdomyosarcoma

description: A rare malignant mesenchymal tumor with skeletal muscle differentiation arising within the myocardium.  It is characterized by the presence of small round spindle cells.  Most cardiac rhabodomyosarcomas are of embryonal type and usually present in children and young adults.


Thymus Lipofibroadenoma

description: A benign thymic tumor morphologically resembling fibroadenoma of the breast.


Thymic Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma

description: A very rare adenocarcinoma arising from the thymus. It is characterized by the presence of malignant polygonal cells resembling hepatocytes.


Atrial Paraganglioma

description: An extra-adrenal paraganglioma arising from paraganglia located in the cardiac atrium.


Stage IIB Lung Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IIB includes: (T1a, N1, M0); (T1b, N1, M0); (T1c, N1, M0); (T2a, N1, M0); (T2b, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0). T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus also is classified as T1a, but these tumors are uncommon. T1b: Tumor measuring more than 1 cm but 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T1c: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 3 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2b: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension or directly invading any of the following: parietal pleura (PL3), chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), phrenic nerve, parietal pericardium; or separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe as the primary. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. N1: Metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary nodes, including involvement by direct extension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Hemangiosarcoma of heart

description: An angiosarcoma that arises from the heart. It most often arises in the right atrium near the atrioventricular groove. The prognosis is poor.


Malignant carcinoid tumor of lung

description: A neuroendocrine tumor of the lung showing focal necrotic changes or a number of mitotic figures between 2 and 10/10 high power fields.


Pericardial Teratoma

description: A teratoma that arises within the pericardium.


name: Lung Small Cell Carcinoma by AJCC v7 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of small cell lung carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.


Lung Biphasic Synovial Sarcoma

description: A biphasic synovial sarcoma arising from the lungs.


thoracic cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the tissues of the thorax.


name: Stage II Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma AJCC v8

description: Stage II includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0). T1: Tumor limited to the ipsilateral parietal with or without involvement of visceral pleura, mediastinal pleura, and diaphragmatic pleura. T2: Tumor involving each of the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following features: involvement of diaphragmatic muscle and/or extension of tumor from visceral pleura into the underlying pulmonary parenchyma. N1: Metastases in the ipsilateral bronchopulmonary, hilar, or mediastinal (including the internal mammary, peridiaphragmatic, pericardial fat pad, or intercostal) lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Lung Myoepithelial Tumor

description: A very rare, benign or malignant lung tumor with myoepithelial differentiation.


name: Advanced Lung Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Non-squamous non-small cell lung carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


name: Stage IVA Thymic Epithelial Neoplasm AJCC v8

description: Stage IVA includes: (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, N0,1, M1a). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in anterior (perithymic) lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Separate pleural or pericardial nodule(s). (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Stage IIIA Thymic Epithelial Neoplasm AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor with direct invasion into any of the following: lung, brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava, phrenic nerve, chest wall, or extrapericardial pulmonary artery or veins. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Stage III Thymic Epithelial Neoplasm AJCC v8

description: Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0). T3: Tumor with direct invasion into any of the following: lung, brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava, phrenic nerve, chest wall, or extrapericardial pulmonary artery or veins. T4: Tumor with invasion into any of the following: aorta (ascending, arch, or descending), arch vessels, intrapericardial pulmonary artery, myocardium, trachea, esophagus. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Locally Advanced Lung Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Non-squamous non-small cell lung carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Advanced Thymic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

description: A thymic neuroendocrine neoplasm that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Colon Carcinoma Metastatic in the Lung

description: A carcinoma that originates from the colonic wall and has spread to the lungs.


Adenocarcinoma of lung, stage II

description: Stage II includes: IIA (T2b, N0, M0); (T1a, N1, M0); (T1b, N1, M0); (T2a, N1, M0) and IIB (T2b, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0).  T2b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T1a: Lung cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a.  T1b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus).  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T3: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 7 cm or one that directly invades any of the following: parietal pleural (PL3) chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), diaphragm, phrenic nerve, mediastinal pleura, parietal pericardium; or tumor in the main bronchus (less than 2 cm distal to the carina but without involvement of the carina); or associated atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis of the entire lung or separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Recurrent Combined Thymic Epithelial Neoplasm

description: The reemergence of combined thymic epithelial neoplasm after a period of remission.


Advanced Lung Carcinoma

description: A lung carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Non-Functioning Lung Carcinoid Tumor

description: A lung neuroendocrine tumor that is not associated with carcinoid syndrome.


name: Stage III Lung Small Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage III includes: IIIA (T1a, N2, M0); (T1b, N2, M0); (T2a, N2, M0); (T2b, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0) and IIIB (T1a, N3, M0); (T1b, N3, M0); (T2a, N3, M0); (T2b, N3, M0); (T3, N3, M0); (T4, N2, M0); (T4, N3, M0).  T4: Lung cancer with a tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina, and separate tumor nodule(s) in a different ipsilateral lobe.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension.  N2: Lung cancer with metastasis to ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph nodes.  N3: Lung cancer with metastasis to contralateral mediastinal, contralateral hilar, ipsilateral or contralateral scalene, or supraclavicular lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Adult Cardiac Cellular Rhabdomyoma

description: A rare cardiac rhabdomyoma occurring in adults.  It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic striated muscle cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and increased cellularity.


mediastinum synovial sarcoma

description: A synovial sarcoma arising from the mediastinum.


Stage IV Lung Cancer AJCC v6

description: Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1.  M1: Distant metastasis present. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Situ

description: A preinvasive bronchial neoplastic lesion affecting the squamous epithelium. It is characterized by the absence of progression of maturation from base to luminal surface, basilar zone expansion with cellular crowding throughout the epithelium, absence of the intermediate zone, and surface flattening confined to the most superficial cells. The nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio is often high and variable, the chromatin is coarse and uneven, and mitotic figures are present through full thickness. The cell size may be markedly increased. Anisocytosis and pleomorphism may be present. (Adapted from WHO, 2015)


Recurrent Mediastinal Lymphoma

description: The reemergence of a mediastinal lymphoma after a period of remission.


Stage IIA Lung Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IIA includes: (T2b, N0, M0); (T1a, N1, M0); (T1b, N1, M0); (T2a, N1, M0).  T2b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T1a: Lung cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a.  T1b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus).  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Minimally Invasive Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma

description: A morphologic variant of minimally invasive lung adenocarcinoma characterized by tall columnar cells and mucin production.


Metastatic Lung Adenocarcinoma

description: Lung adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


name: Pulmonary Mucinous Cystic Tumor of Borderline Malignancy

description: A very rare, non-invasive epithelial neoplasm that arises from the lung. It is composed of multilocular cysts filled with mucus. The cysts are lined with columnar mucinous epithelium. Focal cellular atypia is present.


Thymic Hodgkin Lymphoma

description: A Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the thymus gland.  It is usually of the nodular sclerosis subtype and is often associated with cystic changes in the thymic epithelium.


name: Stage I Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma AJCC v7

description: Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0); IA: (T1a, N0, M0); IB: (T1b, N0, M0).  T1: Pleural mesothelioma with a tumor limited to the ipsilateral parietal pleura with or without mediastinal pleura and with or without diaphragmatic pleural involvement. T1a: Pleural mesothelioma with no involvement of the visceral pleura. T1b: Pleural mesothelioma with a tumor also involving the visceral pleura N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


sternum lymphoma

description: A rare lymphoma that arises from the bone or soft tissue of the sternum.


Intrathyroidal Thymoma

description: A rare thymoma arising within or is attached to the thyroid gland.


name: Unresectable Lung Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Lung non-squamous non-small cell carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Unresectable Lung Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: Lung large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Locally Advanced Lung Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

description: A lung neuroendocrine neoplasm that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


name: Lung Small Cell Carcinoma Neuroendocrine Subtype

description: A header term that refers to the classification of lung small cell carcinoma based on the expression pattern of different neuroendocrine markers such as chromogranin A, synaptophysin, neural cell adhesion molecule 1, and gastrin-releasing peptide.


Pleural Leiomyosarcoma

description: A rare leiomyosarcoma that arises from the pleural cavity.


Ectopic Cervical Thymoma

description: A thymoma that arises in the cervical region and is not connected with the thymus gland.


name: keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of lung

description: A squamous cell lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of keratinization, pearl formation, and/or intercellular bridges.


epicardium cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the epicardium.


Masaoka-Koga Stage IV

description: The tumor shows metastasis throughout the pleural and/or pericardial spaces or metastasis to distant sites.


Lung Enteric Adenocarcinoma

description: A well-differentiated adenocarcinoma located in the lung periphery. It resembles colorectal adenocarcinoma with acinar and/or cribriform architecture and papillotubular structures.


name: Stage II Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma AJCC v7

description: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0.  T2: Pleural mesothelioma with a tumor involving each of the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following: involvement of diaphragmatic muscle; extension of tumor from visceral pleura into the underlying pulmonary parenchyma.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Pleural Monophasic Synovial Sarcoma

description: A monophasic synovial sarcoma arising in the pleural cavity.


Lung Monophasic Synovial Sarcoma

description: A monophasic synovial sarcoma arising from the lungs.


name: Stage IIIB Lung Small Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IIIB includes: (T1a, N3, M0); (T1b, N3, M0); (T2a, N3, M0); (T2b, N3, M0); (T3, N3, M0); (T4, N2, M0); (T4, N3, M0).  T4: Lung cancer with a tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina, and separate tumor nodule(s) in a different ipsilateral lobe.  N2: Lung cancer with metastasis to ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph nodes.  N3: Lung cancer with metastasis to contralateral mediastinal, contralateral hilar, ipsilateral or contralateral scalene, or supraclavicular lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Bronchiolar adenoma/ciliated muconodular papillary tumor

description: A rare, benign, circumscribed nodule arising from the bronchioles. It is usually seen in middle-aged to elderly patients. It is characterized by the presence a two-layer cellular structure composed of a basal and luminal layer.


Atypical Adenomatous Lung Hyperplasia

description: A preinvasive lesion in the lung. It is characterized by the presence of a small, localized proliferation of mildly to moderately atypical type II pneumocytes and/or Clara cells lining alveolar walls and sometimes respiratory bronchioles.


Sternal Intraosseous Schwannoma

description: A rare schwannoma that arises from the sternum.


Lung Melanoma

description: A rare malignant neoplasm that derives from melanocytes and arises from the lung in a patient with no history of previous melanoma and no evidence of melanoma in another site at the time of diagnosis.  It usually presents as a solitary lesion and the prognosis is poor.


Metastatic Lung Carcinoid Tumor

description: Lung neuroendocrine tumor that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Thymic Typical Carcinoid Tumor

description: A primary thymic neuroendocrine tumor, characterized by the presence of uniform, polygonal neoplastic cells, a low mitotic rate, and absence of necrosis.


Stage 0 Lung Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. Squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCIS). Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS): adenocarcinoma with pure lepidic pattern, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Intrapulmonary thymoma

description: An epithelial neoplasm that arises from ectopic thymic tissue in the lung.  Histologically it is identical to the thymomas that arise from the mediastinum.  Signs and symptoms include cough, dyspnea, fever, and weight loss.  Surgical excision is the recommended treatment.


name: childhood mediastinal neurogenic neoplasm

description: A peripheral nervous system neoplasm that arises in the mediastinum during childhood.


name: Metastatic Lung Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: A non-squamous non-small cell carcinoma that arises from the lung and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


mediastinum sarcoma

description: A rare sarcoma that arises from the mediastinum. Examples include liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and angiosarcoma.


Cardiac Schwannoma

description: A benign peripheral nervous system neoplasm that is composed of well-differentiated Schwann cells and affects the heart.


mediastinal extraskeletal osteosarcoma

description: An osteosarcoma arising from the mediastinum.


name: Stage IV Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IV includes: (Any T, Any N, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b).  M1a: Lung cancer with separate tumor nodule(s) in a contralateral lobe; tumor with pleural nodules or malignant pleural (or pericardial) effusion.  M1b: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Ganglioneuroma of mediastinum

description: A ganglioneuroma arising from the mediastinum.


Thymic Atypical Carcinoid Tumor

description: A primary thymic neuroendocrine tumor characterized by a high mitotic rate, often associated with the presence of necrosis and nuclear pleomorphism. This type of neuroendocrine tumor has a more aggressive clinical course, compared to grade 1 neuroendocrine tumors.


Stage IIA Lung Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IIA includes: (T2b, N0, M0); (T1a, N1, M0); (T1b, N1, M0); (T2a, N1, M0).  T2b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T1a: Lung cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a.  T1b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus).  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Stage IIA Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma AJCC v7


Stage IB Lung Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IB includes: T2a, N0, M0.  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Locally Advanced Lung Carcinoma

description: A lung carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Thoracic NUT Carcinoma

description: A highly aggressive, poorly differentiated carcinoma that arises from the thoracic structures. It is characterized by mutations and rearrangement of the NUT gene. It usually presents at an advanced stage with pleuritic chest pain and pleural effusion, non-productive cough, shortness of breath, and weigh loss.


Chest Wall Sarcoma

description: A sarcoma that arises from the anatomic structures that surround the lungs and the pleura.


axillary neoplasm

description: A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the structures of the axilla. Representative examples include axillary lipoma, axillary lymph node lymphoma, and metastatic carcinoma to the axillary lymph nodes.


name: Resectable Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma

description: Malignant mesothelioma of the pleura that is amenable to surgical resection.


Childhood Lung Neoplasm

description: A benign or malignant neoplasm that involves the lungs during childhood.


mediastinal malignant lymphoma

description: A lymphoma that arises from the mediastinum. Representative examples include mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma.


Masaoka-Koga Stage I

description: The tumor is completely encapsulated.


Mediastinal Mature Teratoma

description: An extragonadal mature teratoma that arises from the mediastinum.  It is usually encapsulated and characterized by the presence of unilocular or multilocular cysts. The cysts can contain clear fluid, mucoid material, sebaceous debris, fat, hair, cartilage, and rarely teeth or bone.


Small cell lung cancer extensive stage

description: Small cell lung carcinoma which has spread beyond one hemi-thorax and the regional lymph nodes.


name: Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Papillary Variant

description: A morphologic variant of squamous cell lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of papillary structures.


Advanced Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma

description: Lung squamous cell carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Oligometastatic Lung Carcinoma

description: Lung carcinoma that has metastasized to a limited number of sites.


name: Extramedullary Disease in Multiple Myeloma Involving the Lung

description: Infiltration of the lung by malignant (clonal) plasma cells in patients with history of multiple myeloma.


name: Chest Wall Plexiform Fibrohistiocytic Tumor

description: An intermediate fibrohistiocytic neoplasm arising from the skin in the chest wall. It is a multinodular poorly circumscribed tumor, characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells, mononuclear histiocyte-like cells, and spindle fibroblast-like cells arranged in a plexiform pattern.


name: Stage IIB Lung Small Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IIB includes: (T2b, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0).  T2b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T3: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 7 cm or one that directly invades any of the following: parietal pleural (PL3) chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), diaphragm, phrenic nerve, mediastinal pleura, parietal pericardium; or tumor in the main bronchus (less than 2 cm distal to the carina but without involvement of the carina); or associated atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis of the entire lung or separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


benign neoplasm of endocardium

description: A benign neoplasm that involves the endocardium.


Pleural Synovial Sarcoma

description: A synovial sarcoma arising in the pleural cavity.


malignant neoplasm of chest wall

description: A cancer that involves the chest wall.


name: Stage II Thymic Epithelial Neoplasm AJCC v8

description: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor with direct invasion of the pericardium (either partial or full thickness). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Early Stage Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: A stage term that refers to lung non-small cell carcinoma stages I, II, and IIIA.


Lung Carcinoma Metastatic in the Liver

description: A carcinoma that originates from the lung and has spread to the liver.


name: Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma by AJCC v7 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of squamous cell lung carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.


neoplasm of endocardium

description: A neoplasm (disease) that involves the endocardium.


name: EGFR-Positive Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Lung non-small cell carcinoma that is associated with EGFR gene mutation.


name: Locally Advanced Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma

description: Pleural malignant mesothelioma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Advanced Lung Carcinoid Tumor

description: Lung neuroendocrine tumor that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


name: Platinum-Sensitive Lung Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Lung small cell carcinoma that is sensitive to platinum therapy.


Lepidic Predominant Adenocarcinoma

description: A lung adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of mildly and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma cells across the alveolar walls with at least one focus of invasive carcinoma measuring more than 5 mm in greatest dimension.


Stage IIA Lung Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IIA includes: T2b, N0, M0. T2b: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastases. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Glandular papilloma of lung

description: A benign papillary neoplasm that arises endobronchially.  It is characterized by the presence of fibrovascular cores lined by columnar, cuboidal, and goblet cells.  Patients usually present with signs and symptoms of bronchial obstruction.  Complete resection is curative.


name: Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of lung

description: A morphologic variant of squamous cell lung carcinoma characterized by nuclear palisading.


Stage III Thymoma AJCC v8

description: Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0). T3: Tumor with direct invasion into any of the following: lung, brachiocephalic vein, superior vena cava, phrenic nerve, chest wall, or extrapericardial pulmonary artery or veins. T4: Tumor with invasion into any of the following: aorta (ascending, arch, or descending), arch vessels, intrapericardial pulmonary artery, myocardium, trachea, esophagus. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Unresectable Thymic Carcinoma

description: A thymic carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Stage IV Thymic Epithelial Neoplasm AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, N0,1, M1a); IVB: (Any T, N2, M0, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in anterior (perithymic) lymph nodes. N2: Metastasis in deep intrathoracic or cervical lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1a: Separate pleural or pericardial nodule(s). M1b: Pulmonary intraparenchymal nodule or distant organ metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IV Lung Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, Any N, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1c). M1a: Tumor with separate tumor nodule(s) in a contralateral lobe; tumor with pleural or pericardial nodules or malignant pleural or pericardial effusion. Most pleural (pericardial) effusions with lung cancer are a result of the tumor. In a few patients, however, multiple microscopic examinations of pleural (pericardial) fluid are negative for tumor, and the fluid is nonbloody and not an exudate. If these elements and clinical judgment dictate that the effusion is not related to the tumor, the effusion should be excluded as a staging descriptor. M1b: Tumor with single extrathoracic metastasis in a single organ (including involvement of a single nonregional node). M1c: Tumor with multiple extrathoracic metastases in a single organ or in multiple organs. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Stage II Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor

description: Locoregional tumor, non-metastatic, macroscopic complete resection but microscopic residual tumor. (WHO Classification of Tumors of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart, 2015)


neoplasm of pericardium

description: A neoplasm (disease) that involves the pericardium.


name: Colorectal Carcinoma Metastatic in the Lung

description: A carcinoma that originates from the wall of the colon or rectum and has spread to the lungs.


name: Locally Advanced Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma

description: Lung squamous cell carcinoma that has spread to nearly tissues or lymph nodes.


Minimally Invasive Thymoma

description: A thymoma that focally infiltrates the surrounding capsule and invades the mediastinal fat.  This type of thymoma is usually recognized only after microscopic examination.  Grossly, it appears indistinguishable from encapsulated thymoma.


mediastinum liposarcoma

description: A malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the anterior, middle or posterior mediastinum.


Cystic tumor of atrio-ventricular node

description: A multicystic tumor arising in the inferior interatrial septum in the region of the atrioventricular node. The vast majority of patients present with complete heart block and a minority with partial heart block. Sudden death is reported in approximately 10% of the cases. It is a morphologically benign tumor composed of cuboidal, transitional, or squamoid cells. The cells may also show sebaceous differentiation and originate from the endoderm.


name: Stage IIIB Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IIIB includes: (T1a, N3, M0); (T1b, N3, M0); (T2a, N3, M0); (T2b, N3, M0); (T3, N3, M0); (T4, N2, M0); (T4, N3, M0).  T4: Lung cancer with a tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina, and separate tumor nodule(s) in a different ipsilateral lobe.  N2: Lung cancer with metastasis to ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph nodes.  N3: Lung cancer with metastasis to contralateral mediastinal, contralateral hilar, ipsilateral or contralateral scalene, or supraclavicular lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Pulmonary Artery Intimal Sarcoma

description: A sarcoma arising from the arterial intima of pulmonary arteries.


Advanced Lung Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Small cell lung carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


name: Refractory Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma

description: Pleural malignant mesothelioma that is resistant to treatment.


hemangioma of mediastinum

description: A hemangioma that arises from the mediastinum. It can be of the capillary or the cavernous type.


Lung Small Cell Carcinoma, Y Subtype

description: A molecular subtype of lung small cell carcinoma characterized by the overexpression of yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) transcription factor.


name: Transformed EGFR-Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma to Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Histologic transformation of EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma to small cell carcinoma, following treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.


name: Malignant Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor with Associated Hematologic Malignancy

description: An extragonadal non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum and is associated with a hematologic malignancy.  The hematologic malignancies are clonally related to the malignant germ cell tumor and include acute leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms, and mastocytosis.


Stage IB Lung Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IB includes: T2a, N0, M0. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 3 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


desmoid tumor of chest wall

description: An extraabdominal fibromatosis arising from the soft tissue of the chest wall. It is characterized by the presence of elongated spindle-shaped fibroblasts, collagenous stroma formation, and an infiltrative growth pattern.


name: Refractory Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Non-small cell lung carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


name: Lung Small Cell Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine-Low Subtype

description: Lung small cell carcinoma characterized by low expression pattern of different neuroendocrine markers such as chromogranin A, synaptophysin, neural cell adhesion molecule 1, and gastrin-releasing peptide. It is associated with increased numbers of infiltrating immune cells (immune oasis phenotype).


SMARCA4-deficient thoracic sarcoma

description: An aggressive, high-grade malignant neoplasm characterized by biallelic inactivation of SMARCA4 gene. It affects adults, usually heavy smokers, and involves the thorax (lung, pulmonary hilum, mediastinum, and/or pleura) with or without chest wall invasion. It is composed of sheets of malignant large round to epithelioid cells. Rhabdoid cells may be present. Increased number of mitoses and necrosis are frequently seen. The prognosis is poor.


Thymoma, type B2, malignant

description: A type B2 thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.


choriocarcinoma of mediastinum

description: An extragonadal malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum and is composed of syncytiotrophoblasts, cytotrophoblasts, and intermediate trophoblasts.  The prognosis is usually poor.


Lung squamous cell carcinoma stage II

description: Stage II includes: IIA (T2b, N0, M0); (T1a, N1, M0); (T1b, N1, M0); (T2a, N1, M0) and IIB (T2b, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0).  T2b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T1a: Lung cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a.  T1b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus).  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T3: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 7 cm or one that directly invades any of the following: parietal pleural (PL3) chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), diaphragm, phrenic nerve, mediastinal pleura, parietal pericardium; or tumor in the main bronchus (less than 2 cm distal to the carina but without involvement of the carina); or associated atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis of the entire lung or separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Resectable Lung Carcinoma

description: Lung carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


name: Unresectable Lung Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

description: A lung neuroendocrine neoplasm that is not amenable to surgical resection.


pleural mesothelioma

description: A neoplasm that arises from the mesothelial cells of the pleura. The primary cause is exposure to asbestos. The major histologic variants are the epithelioid malignant mesothelioma, desmoplastic malignant mesothelioma, and sarcomatoid malignant mesothelioma. Patients present with persistent cough and shortness of breath.


benign neoplasm of sternum

description: A benign neoplasm that involves the sternum.


description: An intrathoracic sympathetic paraganglioma arising from paravertebral paraganglia.  In functional tumors, the hypersecretion of catecholamines results in hypertension.


Childhood Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: A rare non-small cell carcinoma of the lung that occurs during childhood.


Locally Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma

description: Lung adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


name: Stage IIB Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IIB includes: (T2b, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0).  T2b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension.  T3: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 7 cm or one that directly invades any of the following: parietal pleural (PL3) chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), diaphragm, phrenic nerve, mediastinal pleura, parietal pericardium; or tumor in the main bronchus (less than 2 cm distal to the carina but without involvement of the carina); or associated atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis of the entire lung or separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Pleural Calcifying Fibrous Tumor

description: A rare, benign, well-circumscribed lesion arising from the pleura. It is characterized by the presence of fibroblasts, lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates, collagenous stroma formation, and dystrophic calcifications. Patients may present with chest pain, dyspnea, cough, or may be asymptomatic.


neoplasm of epicardium

description: A neoplasm (disease) that involves the epicardium.


name: Prostate Carcinoma Metastatic in the Lung

description: A carcinoma that arises from the prostate gland and has spread to the lungs.


name: Thymic Adenocarcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified

description: A primary thymic adenocarcinoma that does not conform to either low-grade papillary adenocarcinoma or enteric-type adenocarcinoma.


Lung Myoepithelioma

description: A very rare benign lung tumor with myoepithelial differentiation.


Childhood Benign Thoracic Neoplasm

description: A childhood neoplasm that arises from the tissues of thorax and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


name: Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma by AJCC v7 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of pleural malignant mesothelioma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.


Mediastinal/Thymic NUT Carcinoma

description: A highly aggressive, poorly differentiated carcinoma that arises from the mediastinum/thymus. It is characterized by mutations and rearrangement of the NUT gene.


name: Stage IV Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis present. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Lung Small Cell Carcinoma, I Subtype

description: A molecular subtype of lung small cell carcinoma characterized by the low expression of achaete-scute homolog 1 (ASCL1), neurogenic differentiation factor 1 (NEUROD1), and POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3) transcription factor signatures and elevated inflammatory gene signature expression.


Combined Thymic Epithelial Neoplasm

description: A primary thymic epithelial neoplasm, characterized by the presence of at least two distinct areas, one representing a thymoma and the other a carcinoma.  The most aggressive component usually determines the clinical outcome.


Cardiac Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma

description: An extraskeletal osteosarcoma that arises from the heart. It produces osteoid and bone, and occasionally shows chondroblastic differentiation.


Refractory Lung Adenocarcinoma

description: Lung adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Stage IA Lung Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IA includes: (T1a, N0, M0); (T1b, N0, M0).  T1a: Lung cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a.  T1b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus).  N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Squamous Lung Dysplasia

description: A term referring to neoplastic changes in the bronchial epithelium manifested as dysplasia.


benign neoplasm of mediastinum

description: A benign neoplasm that involves the mediastinum.


Thymic Enteric-Type Adenocarcinoma

description: A primary thymic adenocarcinoma characterized by morphological and immunohistochemical features seen in colorectal adenocarcinoma.


name: Stage I Lung Small Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0); (T1b, N0, M0) and IB: (T2a, N0, M0).  T1a: Lung cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less n greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a.  T1b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus).  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Cardiac Papillary Fibroelastoma

description: A rare benign neoplasm of the endocardium.  The vast majority of cases arise in the heart valves.  Histopathologic examination reveals a papilloma lined by endothelial cells with a central avascular core which contains fibroblasts and elastic fibers. Patients may be asymptomatic or present with ischemic or embolic events.


Refractory Malignant Thymoma

description: Malignant thymoma that does not respond to treatment.


thymus lymphoma

description: A lymphoma that arises from the thymus. Representative examples include mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma.


Masaoka-Koga Stage IVa

description: The tumor shows metastasis throughout the pleural and/or pericardial spaces.


heart leiomyosarcoma

description: An aggressive malignant smooth muscle neoplasm, arising from the heart. It is characterized by a proliferation of neoplastic spindle cells.


Occult Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: A non-small cell lung carcinoma detectable by sputum cytology only.  The primary tumor is undetectable radiographically or during bronchoscopy; therefore, it can not be assessed.


name: Stage IIIB Lung Small Cell Carcinoma with Pleural Effusion AJCC v7

description: Stage IIIB small cell lung carcinoma that has spread to the pleural fluid.


name: Malignant Mediastinal Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor

description: An extragonadal nongerminomatous malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the mediastinum.  This category includes embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, and mixed germ cell tumors.


Lung Synovial Sarcoma

description: A synovial sarcoma arising from the lungs.


name: Pleural mesothelioma malignant localised

description: A mesothelioma that arises from the pleura with the gross appearance of a circumscribed lesion and the microscopic appearance of diffuse malignant mesothelioma, without evidence of diffuse spread.


name: Metastatic Intrathoracic Paravertebral Paraganglioma

description: An intrathoracic paravertebral paraganglioma that metastasizes to other anatomic sites.


name: Non-mucinous adenocarcinoma in situ of lung

description: Lung adenocarcinoma in situ characterized by the presence of type II pneumocyte and/or Clara cell differentiation. Almost all cases of lung adenocarcinoma in situ are non-mucinous.


myocardium cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the myocardium.


name: Stage III Pleural Malignant Mesothelioma AJCC v7

description: Stage III includes: (T1, T2, N1, M0); (T1, T2, N2, M0); (T3, N0, N1, N2, M0).  T1: Pleural mesothelioma with a tumor limited to the ipsilateral parietal pleura with or without mediastinal pleura and with or without diaphragmatic pleural involvement. T2: Pleural mesothelioma with a tumor involving each of the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following: involvement of diaphragmatic muscle; extension of tumor from visceral pleura into the underlying pulmonary parenchyma.  T3: Pleural mesothelioma with a locally advanced but potentially respectable tumor.  Tumor involving all the ipsilateral pleural surfaces (parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and visceral pleura) with at least one of the following: involvement of the endothoracic fascia; extension into the mediastinal fat; solitary, completely respectable focus of tumor extending into the soft tissues of the chest wall; nontransmural involvement of the pericardium.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Pleural mesothelioma with metastases in the ipsilateral bronchopulmonary or hilar lymph nodes. N2: Pleural mesothelioma with metastases in the subcarinal or the ipsilateral mediastinal lymph nodes including the ipsilateral internal mammary and peridiaphragmatic nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Lung Mucinous Adenocarcinoma In Situ

description: A very rare lung adenocarcinoma in situ variant characterized by the presence of tall columnar cells with basal nuclei and abundant cytoplasmic mucin.


Pleural Biphasic Synovial Sarcoma

description: A biphasic synovial sarcoma arising in the pleural cavity.


Pleural mesothelioma malignant advanced

description: Malignant mesothelioma that arises from the pleura and is classified as stage II, stage III, or stage IV.


Adenocarcinoma of lung, stage IV

description: Stage IV includes: (Any T, Any N, M1a); (Any T, Any N, M1b).  M1a: Lung cancer with separate tumor nodule(s) in a contralateral lobe; tumor with pleural nodules or malignant pleural (or pericardial) effusion.  M1b: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Metastatic Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: A non-small cell carcinoma that arises from the lung and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Refractory Thymic Carcinoma

description: Thymic carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


name: Combined Lung Small Cell Carcinoma and Lung Adenocarcinoma

description: A lung carcinoma characterized by a combination of small cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.


Lung squamous cell carcinoma stage III

description: Stage III includes: IIIA (T1a, N2, M0); (T1b, N2, M0); (T2a, N2, M0); (T2b, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0) and IIIB (T1a, N3, M0); (T1b, N3, M0); (T2a, N3, M0); (T2b, N3, M0); (T3, N3, M0); (T4, N2, M0); (T4, N3, M0).  T4: Lung cancer with a tumor of any size that invades any of the following: mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, carina, and separate tumor nodule(s) in a different ipsilateral lobe.  N1: Lung cancer with metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including involvement by direct extension.  N2: Lung cancer with metastasis to ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph nodes.  N3: Lung cancer with metastasis to contralateral mediastinal, contralateral hilar, ipsilateral or contralateral scalene, or supraclavicular lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Metastatic Lung Non-Small Cell Squamous Carcinoma

description: A squamous non-small cell carcinoma that arises from the lung and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


name: Unresectable Lung Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: Lung neuroendocrine carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to heart

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the heart from another primary anatomic site.


name: Locally Advanced Lung Non-Small Cell Squamous Carcinoma

description: A non-small cell squamous carcinoma of the lung that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


name: Transformed EGFR-Positive Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma to Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Histologic transformation of EGFR mutation-positive lung non-small cell carcinoma to small cell carcinoma, following treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors.


pleural lipoma

description: A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the pleural cavity. It may be purely intra-thoracic or extend to the chest wall.


Lung Cancer by AJCC v6 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of lung carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


name: Lung Carcinoma Metastatic in the Central Nervous System

description: A carcinoma that has spread to the central nervous system from its original site in the lung, through the hematogenous route.


Stage II Lung Cancer AJCC v6

description: Stage II includes: IIA (T1, N1, M0) and IIB (T2, N1, M0) or (T3, N0, M0).  T1: Tumor is 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura, and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus.  T2: Tumor has any of the following features of size or extent: more than 3 cm in greatest dimension; involves the main bronchus, 2 cm or more distal to the carina; invades the visceral pleura; associated with atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis that extends to the hilar region but does not involve the entire lung.  T3: Tumor (of any size) directly invades any of the following: chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), diaphragm, mediastinal pleura, parietal pericardium; or tumor in the main bronchus less than 2 cm distal to the carina but without involvement of the carina; or associated atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis of the entire lung. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis to ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes, and intrapulmonary nodes including involvement by direct extension of the primary tumor. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


name: Stage IV Lung Small Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7


name: Refractory Lung Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Non-squamous non-small cell lung carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Lung Small Cell Carcinoma, P Subtype

description: A molecular subtype of lung small cell carcinoma characterized by the overexpression of POU class 2 homeobox 3 (POU2F3) transcription factor.


Stage III Lung Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1a, N2, M0); (T1b, N2, M0); (T1c, N2, M0); (T2a, N2, M0); (T2b, N2, M0); (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); IIIB: (T1a, N3, M0); (T1b, N3, M0); (T1c, N3, M0); (T2a, N3, M0); (T2b, N3, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4, N2, M0); IIIC: (T3, N3, M0); (T4, N3, M0). T1a: Tumor measuring 1 cm or less in greatest dimension. A superficial, spreading tumor of any size whose invasive component is limited to the bronchial wall and may extend proximal to the main bronchus also is classified as T1a, but these tumors are uncommon. T1b: Tumor measuring more than 1 cm but 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. T1c: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2a: Tumor measuring more than 3 cm but 4 cm or less in greatest dimension. T2b: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm but 7 cm or less in greatest dimension or directly invading any of the following: parietal pleura (PL3), chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), phrenic nerve, parietal pericardium; or separate tumor nodule(s) in the same lobe as the primary. T4: Tumor measuring more than 7 cm or tumor of any size invading one or more of the following: diaphragm, mediastinum, heart, great vessels, trachea, recurrent laryngeal nerve, esophagus, vertebral body, or carina; separate tumor nodule(s) in an ipsilateral lobe different from that of the primary. N0: No regional lymph node metastases. N1: Metastasis in ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary nodes, including involvement by direct extension. N2: Metastasis in ipsilateral mediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph node(s). N3: Metastasis in contralateral mediastinal, contralateral hilar, ipsilateral or contralateral scalene, or supraclavicular lymph node(s). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Adenocarcinoma of lung, stage I

description: Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0); (T1b, N0, M0) and IB: (T2a, N0, M0).  T1a: Lung cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less n greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a.  T1b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus).  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Lung Mixed Squamous Cell and Glandular Papilloma

description: An exceedingly rare benign endobronchial neoplasm characterized by the presence of fibrovascular cores which are lined by both squamous and glandular epithelium. Patients present with obstructive symptoms. Complete resection is curative.


Childhood Malignant Thoracic Neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm that involves the tissues of the thorax during childhood.


carcinosarcoma of lung

description: A morphologic variant of lung sarcomatoid carcinoma composed of a mixture of non-small cell lung carcinoma and a sarcomatous component.


name: Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Clear Cell Variant

description: A morphologic variant of squamous cell lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of clear cells.


Masaoka-Koga Stage IIb

description: The tumor shows invasion through the capsule and into the surrounding fatty tissue.


constitutional neutropenia

description: A rare disorder characterized by recurrent infantile infections and absence of neutrophils in the peripheral blood.


description: Neutropenia-monocytopenia-deafness syndrome is characterized by neutropenia with myeloid marrow hypoplasia, monocytopenia, and congenital deafness. It has been described in three siblings who suffered recurrent bacterial infections.


name: autosomal recessive severe congenital neutropenia due to JAGN1 deficiency

description: Severe congenital neutropenia inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern and caused by mutation(s) in the JAGN1 gene, encoding protein jagunal homolog 1.


name: primary immunodeficiency syndrome due to p14 deficiency

description: Primary immunodeficiency syndrome due to p14 deficiency is characterized by short stature, hypopigmentation, coarse facies and frequent bronchopulmonary Streptococcus pneumoniae infections.


Lichtenstein syndrome

description: Lichstenstein syndrome is characterized by frequent infections associated with osteoporosis, a tendency for fractures and osseous anomalies. It has been described in two monozygotic twin brothers. Transmission is autosomal recessive.


X-linked severe congenital neutropenia

description: This syndrome is an immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by recurrent major bacterial infections, severe congenital neutropenia, and monocytopenia. It has been described in five males spanning three generations of one family. It is transmitted as an X-linked recessive trait and is caused by mutations in the WAS gene, encoding the WASP protein.


name: neutropenia, severe congenital, 11, autosomal dominant


Kostmann syndrome

description: Kostmann syndrome is a rare, severe, congenital neutropenia disorder characterized by a lack of mature neutrophils (absolute neutrophil counts less than 500 cells/mm3) associated with frequent, recurrent bacterial infections (e.g. otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitis, urinary tract infections, abscesses of skin and/or liver) and increased promyelocytes in the bone marrow. Periodontal disease, as well as neurological symptoms, such as cognitive impairment, severe neurodegeneration and epilepsy, have been reported in some patients.