endometrial mucinous adenocarcinoma

description: A primary, usually low grade adenocarcinoma of the endometrium in which the majority of the malignant epithelial cells contain abundant intracytoplasmic mucin.


stage I endometrioid carcinoma

category: biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: Endometrial cancer is a cancer that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb).It is the result of the abnormal growth of cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body. The first sign is most often vaginal bleeding not associated with a menstrual period. Other symptoms include pain with urination or sexual intercourse, or pelvic pain. Endometrial cancer occurs most commonly after menopause. In stage I, the cancer is only growing in the body of the uterus. It may also be growing into the glands of the cervix, but is not growing into the supporting connective tissue of the cervix.


myoepithelial tumor

description: A benign or malignant tumor characterized by the presence of cells that show myoepithelial differentiation. Based on its morphologic features, it is classified as benign or malignant. A representative example of benign myoepithelioma is benign salivary gland myoepithelioma. Representative examples of malignant myoepithelioma or myoepithelial carcinoma are malignant breast myoepithelioma and salivary gland myoepithelial carcinoma.


vaginal tubulovillous adenoma

description: An adenoma that arises from the vagina and is characterized by a tubulovillous architectural pattern.


multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A

description: Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A (MEN2A) syndrome is a form of MEN2 characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in combination with pheochromocytoma and primary mild hyperparathyroidism resulting from hyperplasia or adenoma of the parathyroid cells.


name: vulvar keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of keratin pearls.


name: cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome type 3


acanthoma

description: A benign skin neoplasm composed of epithelial cells.


intracranial cavernous angioma

description: A cavernous hemangioma arising from the brain and meninges.


ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma

description: An invasive adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin. There is cellular atypia, increased layering of cells, complexity of glands, and papillary formations.


squamous cell neoplasm

description: A neoplasm that is composed of squamous epithelial cells. Squamous cell carcinoma is a representative example.


vulvar apocrine adenocarcinoma

description: An apocrine adenocarcinoma that arises from the sweat glands in the vulva.


vaginal adenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma arising from the vagina. Morphologic variants include the clear cell, endometrioid, mesonephric, and mucinous adenocarcinoma.


thymus clear cell carcinoma

description: A rare, usually aggressive, primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of carcinoma cells with clear cytoplasm.


micronodular basal cell carcinoma

description: A basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of small nodules that permeate the dermis. It presents as an elevated or flat infiltrating tumor, usually in the back.


kidney medullary carcinoma

description: A type of renal carcinoma affecting mostly young African-Americans. It is located in the medulla of the kidney, and follows an aggressive clinical course. Most reported cases have shown metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis.


name: progesterone-receptor positive breast cancer


warty carcinoma of the penis

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis. It is characterized by a papillary growth pattern, hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis. Koilocytotic atypia is present. Human papillomavirus types 16 and 6 have been identified in some cases.


chief cell adenoma

description: A parathyroid gland adenoma composed predominantly of neoplastic chief cells. These cells have either slightly eosinophilic or vacuolated cytoplasm, and round nuclei.


sphenoid sinus inverted papilloma

description: A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the sphenoid sinus. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma.


name: clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma

description: Clear cell papillary renal cell carcinoma is a rare, indolent subtype of clear cell renal carcinoma, arising from epithelial cells in the renal cortex. It most frequently manifests with a well-circumscribed, well-encapsulated, unicentric, unilateral, small tumor that typically does not metastasize. Clinically it can present with flank or abdominal pain or hematuria, although most patients are usually asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Bilateral and/or multifocal presentation should raise the suspicion of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome.


name: primary peritoneal serous/papillary carcinoma

description: A rare, serous papillary adenocarcinoma that arises from the lining of the peritoneum. It affects females. The clinical behavior and pathologic characteristics are similar to the serous papillary adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary.


fallopian tube carcinosarcoma

description: A carcinosarcoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It usually affects postmenopausal women and presents with abdominal pain, abdominal distension or genital bleeding. The prognosis is usually poor.


thymoma type B1

description: A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of expanded areas which resemble the normal thymic cortex. The neoplastic epithelial cells are small and scant and there is a dense T-lymphocytic component present. Areas of medullary differentiation with or without Hassall's corpuscles are also present. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It has a low grade malignant potential. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. A minority of the cases occur as stage II tumors.


description: A rare cutaneous lesion presenting as a scaly verrucous plaque. Morphologically, the plaque contains nests of basaloid cells.


urethral urothelial papilloma

description: Papilloma's are benign epithelial neoplasms that produce visible warty projections from epithelial surfaces. Papilloma's of the urethra typically occur just within or on the external meatus. - 2003


bladder squamous papilloma

description: A rare, benign neoplasm of bladder that is composed of papillary cores with overlying histologically benign squamous epithelium.


thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma

description: Thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma is a type of thymic epithelial neoplasm displaying evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation.


vulvar nodular hidradenoma

description: A benign neoplasm that arises from sweat glands in the vulva and is characterized by the presence of lobules composed of epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm.


abdominal cystic lymphangioma

description: Abdominal cystic lymphangioma is a benign (noncancerous) malformation of the lymphatic vessels in the abdomen. These vessels carry lymph, a fluid that contains white blood cells that fight infection, throughout the body. The severity of the condition and the associated features vary from person to person. When present, signs and symptoms may include abdominal pain, an increase in waist circumference, an abdominal mass, intestinal obstruction, and/or volvulus (a twisting of the intestines). The cause of abdominal cystic lymphangioma is poorly understood; however, scientists suspect that it is a congenital anomaly. Most cases are diagnosed in people with no family history of the condition. Treatment varies based on the severity of the condition. People with small malformations that do not cause any symptoms may simply be followed with regular imaging studies to monitor for progression. Some of these cases may resolve spontaneously without treatment. When necessary, surgical excision is often the treatment of choice since it is associated with the lowest risk of recurrence..


tibial adamantinoma

description: An adamantinoma arising from the tibia. The tibia is the site which is more frequently involved by adamantinoma (80-90% of cases).


nodular hidradenoma

description: A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It presents as a nodular lesion usually in the scalp, trunk, and proximal extremities. It is characterized by a nodular growth pattern. Complete excision is curative.


ovarian endometrial cancer

description: A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of glands and/or cysts lined by neoplastic cells that resemble endometrial cells.


ovarian squamous cell carcinoma

description: A usually high grade squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the ovary and is not associated with a germ cell tumor. The prognosis is poor.


exocervical carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the squamous epithelium of the exocervix.


verrucous carcinoma

description: A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by a papillary growth pattern, acanthosis, mild cytologic atypia, and pushing tumor margins. The most commonly affected anatomic sites are the oral cavity, nasal cavity, larynx, esophagus, anus, vagina, vulva, and the plantar region of the foot.


scrotum basal cell carcinoma

description: A scrotal carcinoma that involves the basal cell.


scrotum squamous cell carcinoma

description: A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the scrotum. It has been associated with exposure to environmental and industrial carcinogens. The prognosis depends on the extent of lymph node involvement.


skin squamous cell carcinoma in situ

description: Intraepidermal squamous cell carcinoma, confined to the epidermis. There is no evidence of invasion.


ethmoid sinus cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the ethmoid sinus.


rete testis adenoma

description: A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the rete testis.


vaginal adenoma

description: A glandular epithelial neoplasm that arises from the vagina and shows intestinal differentiation.


borderline epithelial tumor of ovary

description: A low grade epithelial tumor arising from the ovary. It is characterized by an atypical proliferation of epithelial cells. There is no evidence of stromal invasion.


name: kidney pelvis sarcomatoid transitional cell carcinoma

description: An infiltrating transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the renal pelvis and exhibits sarcomatoid features.


intraductal papilloma

description: An intraluminal papillary epithelial neoplasm arising within the ducts. Representative examples are the intraductal breast papilloma and the salivary gland intraductal papilloma.


sphenoid sinus squamous cell carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal epithelial surface of the sphenoid sinus. Patients may present with nasal fullness, obstruction, and/or epistaxis.


brain hemangioma

description: A hemangioma arising from the brain.


acantholytic acanthoma

description: A benign epithelial neoplasm of the skin. It presents as a papular or nodular lesion. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, papillomatosis, and prominent acantholysis.


thyroid hyalinizing trabecular adenoma

description: A rare, circumscribed or encapsulated tumor arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It is characterized by a trabecular growth pattern and hyalinized stroma formation. The vast majority of cases have a benign clinical course.


name: uterine ligament papillary cystadenoma associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease

description: A benign mesonephric neoplasm that arises from the uterine ligament and occurs in women with von Hippel-Lindau disease. It is a cystic lesion characterized by the presence of multiple papillary excrescences.


ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma

description: A malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of clear and hobnail cells. It is highly associated with ovarian endometriosis, pelvic endometriosis and paraendocrine hypercalcemia.


parathyroid gland adenoma

description: A benign tumor arising from the parenchymal cells of the parathyroid glands. In the vast majority of cases, the tumor involves a single parathyroid gland. It is associated with the symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism, resulting from the excessive production of parathyroid hormone. It is usually surrounded by a well-defined capsule. Capsular invasion, vascular invasion, and perineural invasion are absent.


vulvar neuroendocrine carcinoma

description: A neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the vulva. This category includes small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Most small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the vulva are Merkel cell carcinomas.


villous adenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a villous architectural pattern. It may arise from a villous adenoma.


hereditary kidney oncocytoma

description: An inherited condition characterized by the development of kidney oncocytomas which are often bilateral and multifocal. This condition may be connected to Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome.


renal pelvis squamous cell carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the renal pelvis.


eye carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the eye


squamous cell carcinoma of penis

description: A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the penis. It occurs chiefly in the squamous epithelium of the glans, coronal sulcus, and foreskin. Etiologic factors include phimosis, lichen sclerosus, smoking, ultraviolet irradiation, history of warts or condylomas, and lack of circumcision. Human papilloma virus is present in a subset of penile squamous cell carcinomas. Patients may present with an exophytic or flat ulcerative mass in the glans or a large primary tumor with inguinal nodal and skin metastases. Morphologic variants include the basaloid carcinoma, warty (condylomatous) carcinoma, verrucous carcinoma, and sarcomatoid (spindle cell) carcinoma. (WHO, 2004)


carcinoma

description: A malignant tumor arising from epithelial cells. Carcinomas that arise from glandular epithelium are called adenocarcinomas, those that arise from squamous epithelium are called squamous cell carcinomas, and those that arise from transitional epithelium are called transitional cell carcinomas. Morphologically, the malignant epithelial cells may display abnormal mitotic figures, anaplasia, and necrosis. Carcinomas are graded by the degree of cellular differentiation as well, moderately, or poorly differentiated. Carcinomas invade the surrounding tissues and tend to metastasize to other anatomic sites. Lung carcinoma, skin carcinoma, breast carcinoma, colon carcinoma, and prostate carcinoma are the most frequently seen carcinomas.


breast myoepitheliosis

description: A multifocal neoplastic process characterized by the proliferation of spindle to cuboidal myoepithelial cells within and/or around small breast ducts.


cervical basaloid carcinoma

description: An aggressive variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of nests of malignant basaloid squamous cells with scant amount of cytoplasm.


serous surface papilloma

description: A non-invasive papillary serous epithelial neoplasm usually arising from the ovary.


nodular basal cell carcinoma

description: A basal cell carcinoma of the skin that often appears as elevated nodules which may become ulcerated.


name: estrogen-receptor negative breast cancer

description: A subtype of breast cancer that is estrogen-receptor negative


nasal cavity squamous cell carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the nasal cavity mucosa. Signs and symptoms include nasal fullness and obstruction, pain, epistaxis, and the presence of a nasal mass.


intraductal breast papillomatosis

description: A benign breast neoplasm characterized by the proliferation of multiple papillomas within the lumen of the ducts.


cavernous hemangioma of face

description: A cavernous hemangioma arising from the face.


adenocarcinoma of skene gland origin

description: A rare adenocarcinoma arising from Skene gland. It presents as a periurethral or anterior vaginal submucosal mass. It is characterized by morphological features similar to prostate adenocarcinoma.


thymic adenosquamous carcinoma

description: A rare carcinoma that arises from the thymus and is characterized by the presence of glandular and squamous carcinomatous components.


vulvar eccrine porocarcinoma

description: An eccrine porocarcinoma that arises from the sweat glands in the vulva.


hereditary renal cell carcinoma

description: An instance of renal cell carcinoma (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome.


sweat gland adenoma

description: A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. Representative examples include tubular apocrine adenoma, syringofibroadenoma, and hidradenoma.


pituitary gland acidophil adenoma

description: An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with acidic dyes.


sarcomatoid basal cell carcinoma

description: A basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of sarcomatoid features.


penis carcinoma in situ

description: A in situ carcinoma that involves the penis.


name: cervical non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma

description: A variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of polygonal squamous cells. Intercellular bridges and cytoplasmic keratinization may be present, but keratin pearls are absent.


endolymphatic sac tumor

description: An aggressive epithelial neoplasm arising from the temporal bone. It is characterized by the presence of a papillary pattern, and has been described as an adenoma or carcinoma in the literature. There is disagreement regarding its relationship to endolymphatic sac tumor.


paranasal sinus sarcoma

description: A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the paranasal sinus.


fallopian tube mucinous tumor

description: A rare borderline or malignant epithelial tumor of the fallopian tube characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin and may resemble the epithelial cells of the endocervix or gastrointestinal tract.


peritoneal serous adenocarcinoma

description: A rare, serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the lining of the peritoneum. It affects females. The clinical behavior and pathologic characteristics are similar to the serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary.


cervical adenoid basal carcinoma

description: A rare low grade carcinoma that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of nests of basaloid cells with focal glandular formations.


lipoadenoma

description: An adenoma in which the neoplastic epithelial cells are admixed with adipose tissue cells.


papillary renal cell carcinoma

description: A rare subtype of renal cell carcinoma, arising from the renal tubular epithelium and showing a papillary growth pattern, which typically manifests with hematuria, flank pain, palpable abdominal mass or nonspecific symptoms, such as fatigue, weight loss or fever. Symptoms related to metastatic spread, such as bone pain or persistent cough, are frequently associated since early diagnosis is not common. It is typically multifocal, bilateral, and in most cases sporadic, although different hereditary syndromes, such as Hereditary leiomyoma renal cell carcinoma, Birt-Hogg-DubC) syndrome and Tuberous sclerosis, may predispose to the development of papillary renal cell carcinoma.


ethmoid sinus adenocarcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the epithelial cell


hemangioma of gingiva

description: A hemangioma that involves the gingiva.


trachea squamous cell carcinoma

description: A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal lining of the trachea. It usually grows as an intraluminal mass and later invades extraluminal structures. The majority of patients present with hemoptysis, coughing, dyspnea, or stridor.


follicular basal cell carcinoma

description: A basal cell carcinoma of the skin that is characterized by follicular differentiation.


bladder mixed adenocarcinoma

description: A variant of bladder adenocarcinoma that histologically consists of more than one growth pattern such as enteric, mucinous or signet ring types.


name: infiltrating renal pelvis transitional cell carcinoma

description: A infiltrating urothelial carcinoma that involves the renal pelvis.


clear cell adenoma

description: A benign neoplasm composed of glands containing epithelial clear cells.


papillary craniopharyngioma

description: A craniopharyngioma composed of sheets of squamous epithelium which separate to form pseudopapillae. This variant typically lacks nuclear palisading, wet keratin, calcification, and cholesterol deposits. Clinically, endocrine deficiencies are more often associated with papillary craniopharyngioma than with the adamantinomatous type. (Adapted from WHO)


urinary bladder villous adenoma

description: An exophytic glandular neoplasm of the bladder, morphologically similar to its intestinal counterpart. It often coexists with in situ or infiltrating bladder adenocarcinoma.


borderline ovarian serous tumor

description: A low grade serous epithelial neoplasm arising from the ovary. It is characterized by an atypical proliferation of serous-type epithelial cells without evidence of stromal invasion. It is often asymptomatic but rarely it may present with abdominal pain or abdominal enlargement due to rupture or torsion.


labia minora carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the labia minora.


epithelioid hemangioma

description: A hemangioma characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells.


name: glycogen-rich clear cell breast carcinoma

description: An uncommon, usually aggressive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by the presence of clear cells that contain glycogen.


eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma

description: A sebaceous gland carcinoma affecting the eyelid. It arises from the meibomian glands, glands of Zeis, or glands associated with the caruncle. It usually affects elderly women and is characterized by high rate of local recurrence, regional, and distant metastases.


adamantinous craniopharyngioma

description: A craniopharyngioma consisting of broad strands, cords and bridges of a multistratified squamous epithelium with peripheral palisading of nuclei. Diagnostic features include nodules of compact 'wet' keratin and dystrophic calcification. (Adapted from WHO)


name: poorly differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma


hemangioma of retina

description: A hemangioma that involves the retina.


ethmoid sinus Schneiderian papilloma

description: A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the ethmoid sinus. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma.


renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the transitional epithelium of the renal pelvis. It is associated with tobacco use and usually presents with gross or microscopic hematuria. Urothelial carcinomas of the renal pelvis are usually of higher grade and higher stage compared to bladder urothelial carcinomas.


urothelial carcinoma

description: A malignant neoplasm derived from the transitional epithelium of the urinary tract (urinary bladder, ureter, urethra, or renal pelvis). It is frequently papillary.


sarcomatoid transitional cell carcinoma

description: A poorly differentiated transitional cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with spindle cell morphologic features.


bladder verrucous carcinoma

description: A verrucous carcinoma that involves the urinary bladder.


sarcomatoid carcinoma

description: A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle cells and anaplastic morphologic features. Giant cells and a sarcomatous component may also be present.


name: breast carcinoma by gene expression profile

description: A header term that includes the following breast carcinoma subtypes determined by gene expression profiling: luminal A breast carcinoma, luminal B breast carcinoma, HER2 positive breast carcinoma, basal-like breast carcinoma, triple-negative breast carcinoma, and normal breast-like subtype of breast carcinoma.


Cobb syndrome

description: Cobb syndrome is defined by the association of vascular cutaneous (venous or arteriovenous), muscular (arteriovenous), osseous (arteriovenous) and medullary (arteriovenous) lesions at the same metamere or spinal segment. This segmental distribution may involve one or many of the 31 metameres present in humans. Only 16% of the medullary lesions are multiple and have a clearly metameric distribution.


papillary hidradenoma

description: A benign neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. It presents as a slow growing cystic nodular lesion most often in the skin of the vulva and the perianal region. It is characterized by the presence of cystic and large papillary structures. The papillary structures contain connective tissue and are covered by two layers of epithelium. Complete excision is curative.


squamous papilloma

description: A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern and a proliferation of neoplastic squamous cells without morphologic evidence of malignancy. Most frequently it arises in the oral cavity, nasopharynx, larynx, esophagus, vagina, and vulva.


thymus small cell carcinoma

description: An aggressive, small cell, poorly differentiated thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma, characterized by the presence of a high mitotic rate and numerous apoptotic bodies.


description: A variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of islands of cells with uniform, vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli and a dense lymphocytic infiltrate.


mesonephric neoplasm

description: An epithelial neoplasm of the female reproductive system arising from mesonephric remnants.


capillary infantile hemangioma

description: Capillary hemangiomas are benign, highly proliferative lesions involving aberrant localized growth of capillary endothelium. They are the most common tumor of infancy, occurring in up to 10% of all births. Hemangiomas tend to appear shortly after birth and show rapid neonatal growth for up to 12 months characterized by endothelial hypercellularity and increased numbers of mast cells. This phase is followed by slow involution at a rate of about 10% per year and replacement by fibrofatty stroma. Hemangiomas are classified as distinct from vascular malformations, in that the latter are present from birth, tend to grow with the individual, do not regress, and show normal rates of endothelial cell turnover.


ovarian mucinous neoplasm

description: A benign, borderline, or malignant epithelial tumor of the ovary characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin and may resemble the epithelial cells of the endocervix or gastrointestinal tract.


fallopian tube papillary adenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube and is characterized by a papillary architectural pattern.


oncocytic neoplasm

description: A usually benign neoplasm composed of large cells with abundant eosinophilic granular cytoplasm. Representative examples include oncocytic neoplasms of the thyroid gland, and kidney. (NCI05)


squamous cell skin papilloma

description: A squamous papilloma that involves the zone of skin.


name: pituitary adenoma, growth hormone-secreting, 2

description: Any pituitary gland adenoma in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the GPR101 gene.


name: ovarian clear cell malignant adenofibroma

description: A carcinoma arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm in a fibrotic stroma.


vaginal carcinoma

description: A carcinoma arising from the vaginal epithelium. The majority of vaginal carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas.


ureter adenocarcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the ureter


central nervous system hemangioma

description: A hemangioma arising from the brain and spinal cord.


skin pilomatrix carcinoma

description: A very rare, locally aggressive, malignant neoplasm of the hair follicle. The majority of the cases arise de novo, however malignant transformation from a pre-existing pilomatricoma has been reported. It usually presents as a solitary nodule in the head and neck, upper extremities, or buttocks. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of aggregates of basaloid cells infiltrating the dermis. Masses of ghost cells are present in the cellular aggregates. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. If it is not completely removed, it usually recurs, but it rarely metastasizes to distant anatomic sites.


breast hemangioma

description: A capillary or cavernous hemangioma arising from the breast.


vulvar seborrheic keratosis

description: A benign squamous neoplasm that arises from the vulva. It is characterized by the proliferation of the basal cells in the squamous epithelium, acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, and cysts formation.


nut midline carcinoma

description: A rare, highly aggressive and lethal carcinoma that affects children and young adults. It arises from midline epithelial structures, most commonly the head, neck, and mediastinum. It is a poorly differentiated carcinoma and is characterized by mutations and rearrangement of the NUT gene. A balanced translocation t(15;19) is present that results in the creation of a fusion gene involving the NUT gene, most commonly BRD4-NUT fusion gene.


cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma

description: A usually well to moderately differentiated cervical adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells that contain significant amount of intracytoplasmic mucin.


Littre gland carcinoma

description: A carcinoma involving a male urethral gland.


invasive breast carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that infiltrates the breast parenchyma. The vast majority are adenocarcinomas arising from the terminal ductal lobular unit (TDLU). Often, the invasive adenocarcinoma co-exists with ductal or lobular carcinoma in situ. It is the most common carcinoma affecting women.


adrenal cortex carcinoma

description: A rare, usually large (greater than 5cm), malignant epithelial tumor arising from the adrenal cortical cells. Symptoms are usually related to the excessive production of hormones, and include Cushing's syndrome and virilism in women. Common sites of metastasis include liver, lung, bone, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Advanced radiologic procedures have enabled the detection of small tumors, resulting in the improvement of the 5-year survival.


Foix-Alajouanine syndrome

description: Foix-Alajouanine syndrome, also called subacute ascending necrotising myelitis, results from chronic congestion of the extrinsic pial veins of the spinal cord and of the intrinsic subpial network. It is characterized by progressive ascending deficit over a period of several months or years.


pleomorphic breast carcinoma

description: A rare, aggressive, high grade invasive ductal carcinoma, not otherwise specified. It is characterized by the presence of pleomorphic and bizarre malignant cells that constitute more than 50 percent of the malignant cellular infiltrate.


skin lymphangiosarcoma

description: A malignant vascular neoplasm of the skin arising from the lymphatic vessels.


transitional cell neoplasm

description: A benign or malignant, primary or metastatic neoplasm affecting the transitional cells.


recurrent respiratory papillomatosis

description: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is a rare respiratory disease characterized by the development of exophytic papillomas, affecting the mucosa of the upper aero-digestive tract (with a strong predilection for the larynx), caused by an infection with human papilloma virus. Symptoms at presentation may include hoarseness, chronic cough, dyspnea, recurrent upper respiratory infections, pneumonia, dysphagia, stridor, and/or failure to thrive.


papillary cystadenocarcinoma

description: A malignant cystic serous or mucinous epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells forming papillary structures. Stromal invasion is present.


name: cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome type 1


prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma

description: An invasive adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland composed of secretory cells. It is the most common histologic type of prostate adenocarcinoma. Several morphologic variants exist, including atrophic, pseudohyperplastic, foamy gland, and oncocytic variants.


name: fallopian tube endometrioid adenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube and resembles the endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus. It usually has a favorable prognosis.


urinary bladder inverted papilloma

description: A neoplasm of the bladder in which the epithelial cells grow downward into the underlying supportive tissue, which often causes hematuria.


name: urinary tract non-invasive transitional cell neoplasm

description: A non-invasive neoplasm affecting the urothelium.


lipid-rich carcinoma

description: A carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm which contains neutral lipids. A representative example is the lipid-rich breast carcinoma.


adenosquamous carcinoma

description: A carcinoma composed of malignant glandular cells and malignant squamous cells.


basaloid carcinoma

description: A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, small amount of cytoplasm, and peripheral nuclear palisading.


thymic sarcomatoid carcinoma

description: A rare, usually aggressive, primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of tumor cells morphologically resembling soft tissue sarcoma.


thymoma type AB

description: A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of a lymphocyte-poor component similar to that seen in type A thymoma and a lymphocyte-rich component which contains neoplastic small polygonal epithelial cells. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis and pure red cell aplasia. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. A minority of the cases occur as stage II or stage III tumors. The overall survival is reported to be 80-100% at 5 and 10 years.


solid papillary breast carcinoma

description: A well circumscribed, low grade neoplasm that arises from the breast. It is characterized by the presence of sheets of malignant epithelial cells that are supported by fibrovascular structures. When there is an invasive component present, it is usually a mucinous carcinoma.


multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2

description: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) is a multiple endocrine neoplasia, a polyglandular cancer syndrome characterized by the occurrence of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocytoma (PCC), in one variant, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). There are three forms: MEN2A, MEN2B, and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC).


name: multilocular clear cell renal cell carcinoma

description: A rare type of renal cell carcinoma. It is a well-circumscribed multicystic mass without solid areas. The inner lining of the cystic structures is composed of clear cells.


Warthin tumor

description: An adenoma characterized by an oncocytic, often papillary, epithelial component, dense lymphoid stroma, and cystic spaces. It occurs primarily in the parotid gland, and is the second most common benign parotid salivary gland tumor. A strong association with smoking has been reported. It typically presents as a painless swelling in the lower portion of the parotid gland.


mucoepidermoid breast carcinoma

description: A carcinoma of the breast characterized by pools of mucin and islands of malignant squamous cells. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas of the breast are extremely rare.


vulvar angiokeratoma

description: An uncommon benign lesion in the vulva. It manifests with multiple papular lesions which are purple in color. They are usually asymptomatic. Histologically, there is hyperkeratosis, papillomatosis, and dilated blood vessels in the papillary dermis.


minor vestibular glands adenoma

description: A rare, benign neoplasm that arises from the vulva It is characterized by the presence of clusters of small glands lined by mucinous epithelial cells. Bartholin duct structures are not present.


lip and oral cavity carcinoma

description: A carcinoma arising in the lip or oral cavity. Most oral cavity carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue, buccal mucosa, or gums. Less frequent morphologic variants include mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Lip carcinomas are usually basal cell or squamous cell carcinomas.


breast apocrine carcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by the presence of two intermingled cellular components: cells with abundant granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm, and cells with abundant cytoplasm containing fine empty vacuoles.


intraductal breast papilloma

description: A benign papillary neoplasm that arises anywhere in the ductal system of the breast. It is characterized by fibrovascular structures lined by benign epithelial and myoepithelial proliferations. Intraductal breast papillomas are classified as central, when they arise in large ducts, or peripheral, when they arise in the terminal ductal lobular units.


cystadenocarcinoma

description: A malignant cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. The malignant epithelial cells invade the stroma. The cystic spaces contain serous or mucinous fluid. Representative examples include ovarian and pancreatic cystadenocarcinomas.


familial ovarian carcinoma

description: Ovarian carcinoma that has developed in relatives of patients that have a history of ovarian carcinoma.


hormone-resistant prostate carcinoma

description: Prostate carcinoma that does not respond to hormone therapy.


cerebral hemangioma

description: A hemangioma arising from the cerebral hemisphere.


name: classic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma

description: A variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of large pale cells with thickened cell membranes.


medullary breast carcinoma

description: An infiltrating breast carcinoma with a relatively favorable prognosis. It is an uncommon carcinoma, accounting for less than 1% of all infiltrating breast carcinomas. It is well circumscribed, with soft cut surface and often of considerable size. Microscopically, the predominant growth pattern is syncytial with broad anastomosing bands or sheets of malignant cells. The malignant cells are round with abundant cytoplasm and vesicular nuclei. The sheets of malignant cells are associated with a marked lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. Glandular or tubular structures are absent.


name: cervical adenosquamous carcinoma, glassy cell variant

description: A poorly differentiated variant of adenosquamous carcinoma that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells with ground glass cytoplasm and stromal eosinophilic infiltrates.


ovarian carcinosarcoma

description: A highly aggressive malignant neoplasm arising from the ovary. Morphologically, it is a high grade tumor, composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements.


name: human papillomavirus-related penile squamous cell carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis and is caused by human papillomavirus infection. Morphologic variants include basaloid carcinoma and warty carcinoma.


name: spindle cell variant squamous cell breast carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the breast parenchyma and is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped malignant cells.


adamantinoid basal cell epithelioma

description: A rare but aggressive type of basal skin carcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of a meshwork of stellate tumor cells. It occurs most commonly in the nose and ears.


endometrioid adenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells resembling endometrial cells. It can arise from the uterine body, ovary, fallopian tube, cervix, vagina, and uterine ligament.


adamantinoma

description: A low grade malignant neoplasm arising from the long bones. The tibia is the most frequently affected bone site. Patients present with swelling which may or may not be associated with pain. Morphologically, it is characterized by a biphasic pattern consisting of an epithelial and an osteofibrous component. The vast majority of cases recur if they are not treated with radical surgery. In a minority of cases the tumor may metastasize to other anatomic sites including lymph nodes, lungs, liver, brain, and skeleton.


nasal cavity adenocarcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the nasal cavity


papillary adenoma

description: An adenoma characterized by the presence of papillary epithelial patterns.


nipple duct carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that develops in the ducts of the nipple.


frontal sinus squamous cell carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal epithelial surface of the frontal sinus. Patients may present with nasal fullness, obstruction, and/or epistaxis.


hidradenocarcinoma

description: A carcinoma with apocrine and less often eccrine differentiation, arising from the sweat glands. It usually presents as a solitary slow growing nodule in the dermis or subcutaneous tissues. It is characterized by a nodular growth pattern and it is often associated with necrotic changes.


bladder urachal squamous cell carcinoma

description: A rare variant of bladder urachal carcinoma with squamous cell features.


name: growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma 1


fallopian tube carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the fallopian tube.


prostatic adenoma

description: Focal benign glandular hyperplasia in the prostate gland.


papillary carcinoma of the cervix uteri

description: A papillary carcinoma that involves the uterine cervix.


rete ovarii adenoma

description: An adenoma that arises from the rete ovarii. It is composed of elongated tubules. The clinical course is benign.


name: thyroid gland papillary and follicular carcinoma

description: A thyroid neoplasm of mixed papillary and follicular arrangement. Its biological behavior and prognosis is the same as that of a papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1271)


adenoma of nipple

description: A adenoma that involves the nipple.


middle ear adenoma

description: A benign, well-circumscribed glandular neoplasm that arises from the middle ear and may exhibit neuroendocrine differentiation. It usually presents with conductive hearing loss.


inflammatory breast carcinoma

description: An advanced, invasive breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of distinct changes in the overlying skin. These changes include diffuse erythema, edema, peau d'orange (skin of an orange) appearance, tenderness, induration, warmth, enlargement, and in some cases a palpable mass. The skin changes are the consequence of lymphatic obstruction from the underlying invasive breast adenocarcinoma. Microscopically, the dermal lymphatics show prominent infiltration by malignant cells. The invasive breast adenocarcinoma is usually of ductal, NOS type. There is not significant inflammatory cell infiltrate present, despite the name of this carcinoma.


name: ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation

description: An endometrioid adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary and exhibits squamous differentiation. The squamous cell component often has a cytologically benign appearance.


hemangioma of subcutaneous tissue

description: A hemangioma arising from the subcutaneous soft tissues.


external ear basal cell carcinoma

description: A basal cell carcinoma that arises from the skin of the external ear.


name: extraovarian Brenner tumor of the vagina

description: A Brenner tumor that involves the vagina.


ovarian cystadenoma

description: A benign ovarian surface epithelial-stromal tumor characterized by the presence of cystic structures lined by serous epithelial cells, mucinous columnar epithelial cells, or endometrial-type well-differentiated cells.


atypical breast papilloma

description: An intraductal papilloma of the breast characterized by the presence of focal epithelial atypia.


name: vulvar non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the absence of keratin pearls.


granular cell carcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with granular cytoplasm.


cervical endometrioid adenocarcinoma

description: A cervical adenocarcinoma with the histologic characteristics of the endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium.


skin adenosquamous carcinoma

description: An uncommon carcinoma that arises from the skin. It is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular and malignant squamous cellular components.


paranasal sinus Schneiderian papilloma

description: A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the paranasal sinuses. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma.


urethra inverted papilloma

description: A neoplasm of the urethra in which the epithelial cells grow downward into the underlying supportive tissue.


ureter small cell carcinoma

description: A rare carcinoma that arises from the ureter. It is characterized by the presence of small neuroendocrine cells. The prognosis is poor.


triple-positive breast carcinoma

description: A breast carcinoma which is positive for expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2).


multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B

description: Multiple endocrine neoplasia 2B (MEN2B) syndrome is a rare aggressive form of MEN2 characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocytoma, mucosal ganglioneuroma, and marfanoid habitus.


angiokeratoma of Fordyce

description: An angiokeratoma that is located on the scrotum or vulva.


venous hemangioma

description: A rare slow growing benign tumor of aberrant and ectatic venous connections.


nipple carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the nipple


littoral cell angioma of the spleen

description: Littoral cell angioma is a rare primary vascular neoplasm of the spleen, composed of littoral cells that line the splenic sinuses of the red pulp. It was thought to be a benign, incidental lesion. However, many recent reports have described it to be a malignant lesion with congenital and immunological associations. The definitive diagnosis can only be made after histology and immunohistochemistry studies.


syringofibroadenoma

description: A rare, benign eccrine neoplasm usually arising on acral areas as a solitary papular or nodular lesion. Multiple lesions are referred as syringofibroadenomatosis. It is characterized by the presence of epithelial cuboidal cells forming anastomosing cords in a fibrovascular stroma.


ovarian seromucinous tumor

description: A benign, borderline, or malignant mixed epithelial tumor of the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of more than one epithelial cell type, most often serous and endocervical-type mucinous.


mammary Paget disease

description: A malignant neoplasm in which there is infiltration of the skin overlying the breast by neoplastic large cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli (Paget cells). It is almost always associated with an intraductal or invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. The clinical features include focal skin reddening, and eczema. Retraction of the nipple may sometimes occur.


name: bladder tubulo-cystic clear cell adenocarcinoma

description: A rare morphologic variant of bladder carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells and clear cells forming a tubulo-cystic pattern.


type 2 papillary adenoma of the kidney

description: A renal papillary adenoma which is characterized by eosinophilic cells.


tubular adenocarcinoma

description: An infiltrating adenocarcinoma in which the malignant cells form tubular structures. Representative examples include the tubular breast carcinoma and the gastric tubular adenocarcinoma.


tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma

description: An adenoid cystic carcinoma that arises from the trachea. It spreads to the submucosal tracheal tissue and to regional lymph nodes.


urothelial dysplasia

description: A morphologic finding indicating the presence of dysplastic changes in the transitional cell epithelium of the urinary tract.


sebaceous adenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma with sebaceous differentiation. It presents as a painless mass and it may be multifocal. It grows in the ocular adnexae and in the skin of head and neck, trunk, genitals, and extremities. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells with multivesicular and clear cytoplasm. It may recur and metastasize.


acinic cell breast carcinoma

description: A breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of serous (acinic cell) differentiation.


lobular breast carcinoma in situ

description: A non-invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast characterized by a proliferation of monomorphic cells completely filling the lumina. The overall lobular architecture is preserved. It is frequently multifocal (90% in some series) and bilateral. It seldom becomes invasive; however there is an increased risk of infiltrating ductal adenocarcinoma.


adrenal medulla carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the adrenal medulla


external ear carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the external ear


urothelial neoplasm

description: A neoplasm involving a urothelium.


ovarian mucinous adenocarcinofibroma

description: A malignant neoplasm of the ovary with an invasive epithelial component and a fibrotic stroma. The epithelial component is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with intracytoplasmic mucin. Cystic spaces are also present which contain mucoid material.


name: uterine ligament mucinous adenocarcinoma

description: A rare mucinous adenocarcinoma that arises from the uterine ligament.


rete testis adenocarcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the rete testis


carcinoma of the vocal tract

description: A carcinoma that involves the laryngeal vocal fold.


name: acinar prostate adenocarcinoma, foamy gland variant

description: A variant of acinar prostate adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with abundant xanthomatous appearing cytoplasm.


tubular adenoma

description: A usually polypoid neoplasm arising from the glandular epithelium. It is characterized by a tubular architectural pattern. The neoplastic glandular cells have dysplastic features. Representative examples include the tubular adenomas of the colon and rectum.


glycogen-rich carcinoma

description: A carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with abundant clear cytoplasm which contains glycogen. A representative example is the glycogen-rich, clear cell breast carcinoma.


bartholin gland squamous cell carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of malignant squamous epithelial cells.


frontal sinus cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the frontal sinus.


invasive tubular breast carcinoma

description: An invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast with a favorable prognosis. It is composed of tubular structures lined by a single layer of epithelium.


bladder clear cell adenocarcinoma

description: A rare morphologic variant of bladder adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells and clear cells distributed in a tubulo-cystic, papillary, or diffuse pattern. There is a female predilection. Clinical presentation includes hematuria and dysuria.


non-functioning adrenal cortex adenoma

description: An adenoma of the adrenal cortex characterized by the absence of a hormonal syndrome or symptoms suggestive of adrenal disease.


fallopian tube mucinous adenocarcinoma

description: An extremely rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that contain intracytoplasmic mucin. The cases that have been reported are predominantly in situ mucinous adenocarcinomas.


ethmoid sinus inverted papilloma

description: A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the ethmoid sinus. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma.


bladder adenocarcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the urinary bladder


metanephric adenoma

description: A benign, well-circumscribed renal cortical neoplasm affecting females more often than males. Polycythemia has been reported in twelve-percent of patients.


urethra clear cell adenocarcinoma

description: A morphologic variant of urethral adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of tubulocystic or papillary structures lined with clear cuboidal or hobnail cells.


cervical villoglandular adenocarcinoma

description: A cervical adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a prominent villoglandular pattern.


hidradenoma

description: A benign epithelial neoplasm arising from the sweat glands. Variants include the clear cell and nodular hidradenoma.


female breast axillary tail cancer

description: A cancer that involves the UBERON:0035289.


Paget disease of the nipple

description: Paget disease of the nipple describes a rare presentation of breast cancer, seen most frequently in women aged 50-60, manifesting with nipple drainage and itching, erythema, crusty and excoriated nipple, thickened plaques, and hyperpigmentation (less frequently). It is due to tumor cells invading the nipple-areola complex and represents 1-3% of all new breast cancer diagnoses.


thyroid gland oncocytic adenoma

description: A thyroid gland adenoma composed of large cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli.


signet ring cell breast carcinoma

description: An invasive breast adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with signet ring appearance.


endometrial serous adenocarcinoma

description: A high grade, aggressive adenocarcinoma arising from the endometrium. It is characterized by the presence of complex papillary patterns with cellular budding. Atypical mitoses, necrosis, and psammoma bodies may be present. It is classified as type II endometrial carcinoma and it is not associated with endometrial hyperplasia. It tends to invade deeply into the myometrium and spreads into the lymphatic vessels. Patients frequently present with spread of the tumor beyond the uterus at the time of diagnosis. The prognosis is usually poor.


bladder colonic type adenocarcinoma

description: A rare adenocarcinoma that arises in the bladder. It is characterized by intestinal type glands and resembles colonic adenocarcinoma.


larynx squamous papilloma

description: A benign exophytic neoplasm that arises from the larynx, usually the true vocal cords. It is related to human papillomavirus infection and may arise as a single or multiple lesions. It is characterized by the presence of a connective tissue core covered by stratified squamous epithelium. Hoarseness is the presenting symptom. Transformation to carcinoma is rare.


ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma

description: A malignant serous cystic epithelial neoplasm arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of glandular, papillary, or solid structures. Psammoma bodies may be present. In well differentiated cases the malignant epithelial cells resemble the cells of fallopian tube epithelium. In poorly differentiated cases the malignant epithelial cells show anaplastic features.


ovarian papillary cystadenoma

description: A serous cystadenoma of the ovary characterized by the presence of small papillary projections in the inner surface of the cysts.


choroid plexus carcinoma

description: A malignant neoplasm arising from the choroid plexus. It shows anaplastic features and usually invades neighboring brain structures. Cerebrospinal fluid metastases are frequent. (Adapted from WHO)


silent pituitary adenoma

description: A type of pituitary adenoma that is of unknown cellular origin and that lacks immunocytochemical or fine structural markers. Null cell adenomas are not associated with hormone excess.


prostate small cell carcinoma

description: A neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate gland with unfavorable prognosis, composed of small cells containing neurosecretory granules. Approximately half of the cases show a mixture of small cells and adenocarcinoma cells.


name: intestinal variant cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma

description: A cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma that resembles the large intestinal adenocarcinoma.


name: malignant adrenal gland pheochromocytoma

description: A pheochromocytoma that metastasizes to other anatomic sites. Common sites of metastasis include lymph nodes, bones, liver, and lung. Morphologic features associated with malignant pheochromocytomas include: atypical mitotic figures, capsular and vascular invasion, tumor cell necrosis, and high mitotic activity.


name: nasal cavity and paranasal sinus carcinoma

description: A carcinoma arising from the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses.


squamous papillomatosis

description: A benign squamous neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern, diffusely involving a specific anatomic site.


ovarian cystadenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of cystic structures. It includes the serous cystadenocarcinoma, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma, and clear cell cystadenocarcinoma.


malignant spiradenoma

description: A very rare, aggressive carcinoma of the sweat glands arising from malignant transformation of a long standing spiradenoma. It usually grows in the upper extremities, lower extremities, trunk, and head and neck. It has the tendency to recur and metastasize most often to the lymph nodes, bones, and lungs.


angiokeratoma of scrotum

description: An angiokeratoma that is located on the scrotum.


sphenoid sinus Schneiderian papilloma

description: A papilloma that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the sphenoid sinus. It is classified as inverted papilloma and oncocytic papilloma.


lipid-rich breast carcinoma

description: An invasive breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of cytoplasmic neutral lipids in the vast majority of the malignant cells.


capillary hemangioma

description: A common hemangioma characterized by the presence of capillary-sized vascular channels without prominent epithelioid endothelial cells.


vulva basal cell carcinoma

description: A slow growing, locally infiltrating carcinoma that arises from the vulva. It is characterized by the presence of malignant cells that resemble the basal cells that are present in the epidermis.


childhood bladder carcinoma

description: A rare carcinoma of the bladder that occurs during childhood.


sporadic breast cancer

description: A carcinoma that arises from the breast and is not caused by inherited genetic mutations.


name: infantile hemangioma of rare localization


Brenner tumor

description: A usually benign tumor composed of solid and cystic nests of epithelial cells resembling transitional epithelium; it is surrounded by an abundant stromal component that is dense and fibroblastic in nature.


cervical adenosquamous carcinoma

description: An uncommon carcinoma arising from the cervix. It is composed of malignant glandular epithelial cells and malignant squamous epithelial cells.


breast tumor luminal A or B

description: Subsets of breast carcinoma defined by expression of genes characteristic of luminal epithelial cells.


micropapillary serous carcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of complex micropapillary structures covered by round and cuboidal cells with a high nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio.


ovarian mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

description: An invasive cystic adenocarcinoma arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells which contain intracytoplasmic mucin. The malignant cells invade the ovarian stroma and the cystic spaces contain mucoid material. In a minority of cases both ovaries are involved by the tumor. The prognosis for stage I tumors is excellent. Patients with metastases usually have a poor prognosis.


parathyroid oncocytic adenoma

description: A parathyroid gland adenoma composed predominantly or entirely of neoplastic cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm.


vaginal glandular neoplasm

description: A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the vagina and is characterized by the presence of neoplastic glandular epithelial cells. Representative examples include adenoma, endometrioid adenocarcinoma, and clear cell adenocarcinoma.


cavernous hemangioma of retina

description: A cavernous hemangioma that involves the retina.


follicular thyroid adenoma

description: A benign, encapsulated tumor, arising from the follicular cells of the thyroid gland. It may be associated with thyroid hormone secretion but it does not have malignant characteristics.


name: primary intraosseous venous malformation

description: Primary intraosseous venous malformation is a rare, genetic vascular anomaly characterized by severe blood vessel expansion (most frequently within the craniofacial bones) with painless bone enlargement (usually of mandibule, maxilla and/or orbital, nasal, and frontal bones), typically resulting in facial asymmetry and contour deformation. Midline abnormalities, such as diastasis recti, supraumbilical raphe, and hiatus hernia, are commonly associated. Additional features reported include gingival bleeding, ectopic tooth eruption, exophthalmos, loss of vision, nausea, and vomiting.


vulva verrucous carcinoma

description: A highly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the vulva. It is characterized by the presence of a warty and hyperkeratinized surface, malignant cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, minimal cytologic atypia, and absence or rarity of mitotic figures. The tumor infiltrates the underlying stroma with a pushing border.


name: bladder sarcomatoid transitional cell carcinoma

description: A sarcomatoid transitional cell carcinoma that is located in the bladder.


urethral verrucous carcinoma

description: A verrucous carcinoma that involves the urethra.


invasive malignant thymoma

description: A malignant thymoma that extends beyond the capsule and infiltrates the surrounding tissues.


penile carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the penis


penis mixed squamous cell carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis and is characterized by a mixture of morphologic patterns (e.g., high grade squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma or warty-basaloid carcinoma).


name: acinar prostate adenocarcinoma, signet ring variant

description: A morphologic variant of acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland characterized by the presence of signet ring malignant cells.


skin clear cell basal cell carcinoma

description: A morphologic variant of basal cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of clear cells.


ovarian squamous cell neoplasm

description: A squamous cell tumor that arises from the ovary and is not associated with a germ cell tumor.


papilloma

description: A benign epithelial neoplasm that projects above the surrounding epithelial surface and consists of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma.


thymus gland adenocarcinoma

description: A rare primary thymic carcinoma, characterized by the presence of carcinoma cells with glandular differentiation.


large cell acanthoma

description: A benign, well-circumscribed skin squamous lesion characterized by the presence of enlarged keratinocytes with nuclei twice the normal size. (WHO 2018)


collecting duct carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the collecting duct of renal tubule


name: lymphedema-posterior choanal atresia syndrome


name: mixed epithelial/mesenchymal metaplastic breast carcinoma

description: An invasive breast carcinoma characterized by the presence of a mesenchymal cellular component. The mesenchymal cellular component ranges from cartilaginous and osseous, to purely sarcomatous.


description: Human MALT1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 18q21 and is approximately 79 kb in length. This allele, which encodes mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation gene 1 protein, plays a role in the modulation of the nuclear factor kappa B complex signaling cascade. The gene is involved in a chromosomal translocation t(11;18)(q21;q21) with the BIRC2 gene in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas.


name: secretory uterine corpus endometrioid adenocarcinoma

description: An endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from the endometrium. Morphologically it is characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells containing glycogen vacuoles which are usually subnuclear and reminiscent of early secretory endometrium.


basal-like breast carcinoma

description: A biologic subset of breast carcinoma defined by high expression of genes characteristic of basal epithelial cells, including KRT5 and KRT17, annexin 8, CX3CL1, and TRIM29, and usually by lack of expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). It is the most common subtype of breast cancer associated with BRCA1 mutations, and is associated with a poor prognosis.


morpheaform basal cell carcinoma

description: A histologic variant of basal cell carcinoma of the skin characterized by the presence of strands and nests of malignant cells that are embedded in a dense fibrotic stroma.


ureter squamous cell carcinoma

description: A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the ureter.


papillary epithelial neoplasm

description: A benign, intermediate, or malignant neoplasm characterized by the presence of papillae lined by epithelial cells.


maxillary sinus inverted papilloma

description: A benign neoplasm that arises from the ciliated respiratory mucosa that lines the maxillary sinus. It results from the invagination and proliferation of epithelial cells in the underlying stroma.


papillary carcinoma of the corpus uteri

description: A papillary carcinoma that involves the body of uterus.


ethmoid sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma

description: An adenoid cystic carcinoma that affects the ethmoid sinus.


clear cell adenocarcinoma

description: A malignant neoplasm composed of glandular epithelial clear cells. Various architectural patterns may be seen, including papillary, tubulocystic, and solid.


adrenal carcinoma

description: A carcinoma involving a adrenal gland.


cervical adenoid cystic carcinoma

description: A rare carcinoma that arises from the cervix. It is characterized by the presence of cystic spaces surrounded by palisaded epithelial cells. The cystic spaces contain eosinophilic hyaline material or mucin. Nuclear pleomorphism, necrotic changes, and a high mitotic rate are also present.


TFEB-rearranged renal cell carcinoma

description: A renal cell carcinoma with MiT translocations that is characterized by the presence of the chromosomal translocation t(6;11) which fuses the TFEB transcription factor gene, with the MALAT1 gene.


cervical small cell carcinoma

description: A small cell carcinoma arising from the cervix.


childhood choroid plexus carcinoma

description: A choroid plexus carcinoma that occurs during childhood.


hormone-resistant breast carcinoma

description: Breast carcinoma that does not respond to hormone therapy.


mixed cell type adenoma of parathyroid

description: A parathyroid gland adenoma that contains a mixture of neoplastic cells (chief cells, oncocytes, and clear cells).


benign adrenal gland pheochromocytoma

description: A sporadic or familial pheochromocytoma that is confined to the adrenal gland and does not have any metastatic potential. The majority of cases are sporadic, and usually unilateral. Familial cases are usually bilateral.


chromophobe adenoma

description: An epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells do not stain with acidic or basic dyes.


verrucous papilloma

description: A benign epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern, lack of significant cytologic atypia, and a wart-like appearance.


breast apocrine adenoma

description: A rare, benign and well circumscribed neoplasm that arises from the breast. It is characterized by the proliferation of epithelial cells with extensive apocrine metaplasia.


name: grade III prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia

description: High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of severe architectural and cytologic abnormalities.


sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma

description: A poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with spindle cell features.


name: dermal unilateral segmental cavernous angioma


thymic carcinoma

description: Thymic carcinoma (TC) is a type of thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by a high malignant potential.


name: undifferentiated carcinoma of the corpus uteri

description: Undifferentiated carcinoma of the corpus uteri is a rare cancer of corpus uteri presenting as a large, polypoid, intraluminal mass with necrosis, composed of small to intermediate-size, relatively uniform, dyshesive cells displaying no differentiation. It usually presents with dysfunctional bleeding or vaginal discharge and, less often, abdominal pain. Association with Lynch syndrome was reported.


Bartholin gland small cell carcinoma

description: A rare neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells and high mitotic activity.


basal cell neoplasm

description: A neoplastic proliferation of basal cells in the epidermis (part of the skin) or other anatomic sites (most frequently the salivary glands). The basal cell neoplastic proliferation in the epidermis results in basal cell carcinomas. The basal cell neoplastic proliferation in the salivary glands can be benign, resulting in basal cell adenomas or malignant, resulting in basal cell adenocarcinomas.


malignant ovarian Brenner tumor

description: A malignant neoplasm that arises from the ovary and is characterized by the presence of an invasive malignant transitional cell component and nests of benign transitional cells in a fibrotic stroma. When the neoplasm is confined to the ovary, the prognosis is good.


regional ureteric cancer

description: Carcinoma of the ureter without spread to any other region.


name: cerebrofacial arteriovenous metameric syndrome

description: A disorder characterized by vascular malformations that encompasses a spectrum of phenotypic expression involving arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) of the cerebral, orbital, and facial region.


cervical verrucous carcinoma

description: A highly differentiated variant of cervical squamous cell carcinoma characterized by the presence of a warty surface and stromal invasion with pushing borders. The malignant cells have abundant cytoplasm and minimal nuclear atypia. Koilocytosis is not present.


epidermolytic acanthoma

description: A benign epithelial verrucous lesion of the skin. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis and papillomatosis.


intracranial hemangioma

description: A hemangioma arising from the brain and meninges.


pregnancy adenoma

description: A tubular type adenoma of the breast in which, during pregnancy and lactation, the epithelial cells show extensive secretory changes.


papillary urothelial neoplasm

description: A neoplastic lesion of the urinary tract transitional cell epithelium characterized by papillary formations. -- 2003


nasal vestibule squamous papilloma

description: A benign exophytic squamous cell neoplasm with papillary growth that arises from the nasal vestibule.


skin appendage carcinoma

description: A carcinoma arising from the sebaceous glands, sweat glands, or the hair follicles. Representative examples include sebaceous carcinoma, apocrine carcinoma, eccrine carcinoma, and pilomatrical carcinoma.


vestibular micropapillomatosis

description: A benign neoplastic process characterized by the presence of multiple vestibular papillomas in the vulva.


vestibular papilloma

description: A benign papillary neoplasm that arises from the vulva and is characterized by the presence of a delicate fibrovascular stalk lined by squamous epithelium. There is no evidence of epithelial atypia.


diffuse type adenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a diffuse cellular infiltrate which is composed of poorly cohesive cells with minimal or no glandular formations. Representative example is the gastric diffuse adenocarcinoma.


sweat gland carcinoma

description: A carcinoma arising from the sweat glands. Representative examples include tubular carcinoma, spiradenocarcinoma, eccrine carcinoma, hidradenocarcinoma, and apocrine carcinoma.


name: cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma, minimal deviation variant

description: A rare, extremely well differentiated cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma in which most of the neoplastic glands cannot be distinguished from the normal endocervical glands.


cutaneous adenocystic carcinoma

description: A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the skin of body.


name: nasopharyngeal type undifferentiated carcinoma

description: A nonkeratinizing carcinoma which occurs predominantly in the nasopharynx but also in the tonsils and rarely in other anatomic sites. It is characterized by the presence of large malignant cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, syncytial growth pattern, and a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate.


name: renal cell carcinoma associated with neuroblastoma

description: Renal cell carcinoma that develops in patients who are long-term survivors of childhood neuroblastoma.


clear cell acanthoma

description: An acanthoma characterized by the presence of psoriasiform epidermal acanthosis and basal cells with pale cytoplasm.


name: renal pelvis papillary urothelial carcinoma

description: A papillary transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the renal pelvis.


fallopian tube adenocarcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from glandular epithelial cells of the fallopian tube


name: signet ring cell variant cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma

description: A rare cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of signet ring cells.


endometrial mixed adenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma that arises from the endometrium and is characterized by the presence of both type I and type II endometrial adenocarcinoma components. The minor component constitutes at least 5% of the entire tumor.


hobnail hemangioma

description: A hemangioma characterized by the presence of hobnail endothelial cells.


name: female breast upper-outer quadrant cancer


name: renal pelvis/ureter urothelial carcinoma

description: A transitional cell carcinoma that arises from the renal pelvis and ureter.


name: bladder papillary clear cell adenocarcinoma

description: A rare morphologic variant of bladder adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant glandular epithelial cells and clear cells forming a papillary pattern.


name: paranasal sinus mucoepidermoid carcinoma

description: A rare carcinoma that arises from the paranasal sinus. It is characterized by the presence of epidermoid cells, mucus producing cells, and cells of intermediate type.


early invasive cervical adenocarcinoma

description: A cervical adenocarcinoma with minimal stromal invasion. The risk of local lymph node metastasis is insignificant and the prognosis is excellent.


name: ductal breast carcinoma in situ and lobular carcinoma in situ

description: The co-existence of ductal and lobular carcinoma in situ in the breast, without evidence of stromal invasion.


keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma

description: Squamous cell carcinomas with morphologically prominent production of keratin.


name: metastatic carcinoma in the adrenal medulla

description: A carcinoma that has spread to the adrenal medulla from an adjacent or distant anatomic site.


adenoid cystic carcinoma

description: A malignant tumor arising from the epithelial cells. Microscopically, the neoplastic epithelial cells form cylindrical spatial configurations (cribriform or classic type of adenoid cystic carcinoma), cordlike structures (tubular type of adenoid cystic carcinoma), or solid structures (basaloid variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma). Adenoid cystic carcinomas mostly occur in the salivary glands. Other primary sites of involvement include the lacrimal gland, the larynx, and the lungs. Adenoid cystic carcinomas spread along nerve sheaths, resulting in severe pain, and they tend to recur. Lymph node metastases are unusual; hematogenous tumor spread is characteristic.


Wolffian adnexal tumor

description: A benign or malignant epithelial neoplasm of probable Wolffian origin. It predominantly arises from the broad ligament and presents as a unilateral adnexal mass.


urethral villous adenoma

description: An epithelial neoplasm of the urethra, which is morphologically characterized by the presence of a villous architectural pattern.


eccrine porocarcinoma

description: A carcinoma with eccrine differentiation arising from the sweat glands. It may arise de novo or as a malignant transformation of a pre-existing poroma. It usually grows in the legs, buttocks, feet, and trunk and usually presents as an ulcerative plaque. It is characterized by the presence of intraepidermal and dermal nests of malignant epithelial cells. It may recur after excision and metastasize to the lymph nodes and less frequently to distal anatomic sites.


malignant type A thymoma

description: A type A thymoma which is characterized by an aggressive clinical course (capsular invasion, infiltration of the surrounding tissues) and can metastasize.


splenic hemangioma

description: A hemangioma arising from the spleen.


atypical lobular breast hyperplasia

description: Lobular neoplasia characterized by lobular epithelial proliferation that does not completely fill the lobular unit of the breast.


middle ear carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the middle ear


angiokeratoma

description: A vascular lesion in the papillary dermis resulting from ectasia of pre-existing vessels. It is associated with secondary proliferative changes in the overlying epidermis (hyperkeratosis). It can present with widespread lesions (angiokeratoma corporis diffusum, often associated with inborn errors of metabolism) or as a localized lesion (angiokeratoma of Fordyce, angiokeratoma circumscriptum, and angiokeratoma of Mibelli).


vulvar glandular neoplasm

description: A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from the vulva and is composed of glandular epithelial cells. Representative examples include adenoma of the minor vestibular glands, Bartholin gland adenoma, and Bartholin gland adenocarcinoma.


name: childhood adrenal gland pheochromocytoma

description: A rare pheochromocytoma of the adrenal gland that occurs during childhood.


paranasal sinus carcinoma

description: A malignant epithelial neoplasm arising in the paranasal sinus.


infiltrating urothelial carcinoma

description: A invasive carcinoma that involves the urothelium.


uterine ligament serous adenocarcinoma

description: A rare serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the uterine ligament.


middle ear squamous cell carcinoma

description: A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the middle ear.


cystic renal cell carcinoma

description: Cystic renal cell carcinoma includes any malignant neoplasm of renal tubular epithelium which presents as a fluid-filled mass. Approximately 15 per cent of cases of renal cell carcinoma will be cystic on radiologic and pathologic examination. The clinical features of cystic renal cell carcinoma are similar to those which are solid. The radiographic and pathologic findings of cystic renal cell carcinoma are often more confusing and less specific than the findings of renal cell carcinoma which are predominantly solid. There are four basic pathologic mechanisms resulting in cystic renal cell carcinoma: intrinsic multiloculated growth; intrinsic unilocular growth (cystadenocarcinoma); cystic necrosis; and origin from the epithelial lining of a preexisting simple cyst. There are three basic radiologic patterns of cystic renal cell carcinoma: unilocular cystic mass, multiloculated cystic mass, and discrete mural nodule in a cystic mass. Cystic renal cell carcinoma is often extremely difficult to differentiate from non-neoplastic, benign neoplastic, and other malignant neoplastic masses utilizing radiologic studies alone. This review presents the clinical, pathologic, and radiographic features of cystic renal cell carcinoma and discusses its radiologic differential diagnosis.


breast adenomyoepithelioma

description: A usually benign tumor arising from the breast. It is characterized by the proliferation of cells with myoepithelial differentiation around spaces which are lined by epithelial cells. Rarely, the epithelial and/or myoepithelial cells may undergo malignant transformation. Cases with malignant transformation may follow an aggressive clinical course, including recurrences and local and distant metastases.


aniridia 3

description: Any isolated aniridia in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TRIM44 gene.


hemangioblastoma

description: Hemangioblastoma is a rare, benign, highly vascularized tumor of the central nervous system, most often located in the cerebellum or spinal cord, presenting in adulthood and manifesting with dizziness, nausea, malaise, headache, bladder or bowel dysfunction, numbness, weakness and pain in the upper or lower extremities, and often associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL). Exceptional cases of hemangioblastoma arising outside of the central nervous system have been reported.


name: mucinous tubular and spindle renal cell carcinoma

description: A low grade carcinoma of the kidney characterized by the presence of tubules which are separated by mucinous stroma. Often the tubular structures have a spindle cell appearance. Patients are usually asymptomatic and occasionally they may present with hematuria or flank pain.


papillary carcinoma of the penis

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the penis and is characterized by the presence of a papillary growth pattern.


seminal vesicle cystadenoma

description: A rare benign cystadenoma that arises from the seminal vesicle.


name: normal breast-like subtype of breast carcinoma

description: A biologic subset of breast carcinoma defined by high expression of many genes expressed by adipose and other non-epithelial tissues.


facial arteriovenous malformation

description: Facial arteriovenous malformation is a rare vascular anomaly characterized by abnormal communication between arteries and veins, bypassing the capillary bed, located in the facial area. Lesions may be asymptomatic or may manifest with pain, ulceration, pulsation, tinnitus, minor bleeding or potentially life-threatening hemorrhage, blurred vision, impaired hearing, headache, paresthesia, enlargement of facial bones with intraosseous lesions, intraosseous hemangiomas, and speech, breathing and swallowing difficulties, as well as neuropathy.


transitional cell papilloma

description: A benign papillary neoplasm composed of transitional cells which show preservation of the nuclear polarity.


thymoma type A

description: A thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle and/or oval neoplastic epithelial cells. Lymphocytic infiltration is minimal or absent. It may be associated with myasthenia gravis or pure red cell aplasia. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage I tumors. Approximately 20% of the cases occur as stage II or stage III tumors. Type A thymoma generally behaves as a benign tumor and the overall survival is reported to be 100% at 5 and 10 years.


encapsulated thymoma

description: A thymoma that is confined within the capsule and may display benign or malignant morphologic characteristics.


inverted urothelial papilloma

description: An endophytic lesion in the urinary tract which shares several morphologic features with urothelial papilloma. This lesion may recur after complete excision. Transitional cell carcinomas may arise within inverted urothelial papillomas.


uterine ligament adenocarcinoma

description: A rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the uterine ligament.


endometrial squamous cell carcinoma

description: A primary carcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of malignant squamous cells.


glandular cell neoplasm

description: A benign or malignant, primary or metastatic epithelial neoplasm affecting the glandular cells.


name: eosinophilic variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma

description: A variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma in which more than 80% of the malignant cells have granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm.


ocular sebaceous carcinoma

description: Ocular sebaceous carcinoma is a rare condition and accounts for 1% to 5.5% of eyelid malignancies and is the third most common eyelid malignancy after basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma. It usually affects elderly women, has a high rate of local recurrence, and a tendency to regional and distant metastases.


name: lip and oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma arising from the lip or the oral cavity. The oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma usually arises from the buccal mucosa, tongue, or gums. It occurs predominantly in adults who use tobacco and alcohol and has a tendency to metastasize early to lymph nodes.


ovarian clear cell cystadenocarcinoma

description: A malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm arising from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of clear and hobnail cells and cystic structures.


prostatic urethra urothelial carcinoma

description: An urothelial carcinoma that arises from the urothelial lining of the prostatic urethra.


Bartholin gland adenomyoma

description: A rare, benign neoplasm that arises from the Bartholin gland and is characterized by the presence of a fibromuscular stroma and glands lined by mucin-secreting epithelial cells, arranged in a lobular architecture.


thymoma type B3

description: Also known as well-differentiated thymic carcinoma, atypical thymoma, or epithelial thymoma, this type of thymoma displays morphologic characteristics of a well-differentiated carcinoma. The majority of cases occur in the anterior mediastinum as Masaoka stage II or stage III tumors. It is almost always invasive, it recurs frequently, and metastasizes in approximately 20% of the cases.


intracystic papillary adenoma

description: A papillary epithelial neoplasm arising in a cystically dilated breast duct.


name: uterine ligament endometrioid adenocarcinoma

description: A rare endometrioid adenocarcinoma that arises from the uterine ligament. Some of the reported cases were associated with endometriosis.


cutaneous Paget disease

description: A skin carcinoma that is characterized by infiltration of the skin by neoplastic large cells with abundant pale cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent nucleoli.


mucoepidermoid carcinoma

description: A carcinoma morphologically characterized the presence of cuboidal mucous cells, goblet-like mucous cells, squamoid cells, cystic changes, and a fibrotic stromal formation. It can occur in several anatomic sites, including parotid gland, oral cavity, paranasal sinus, skin, breast, lung, larynx, and lacrimal ducts. It is classified as low or high grade.


sebaceous breast carcinoma

description: A very rare breast adenocarcinoma with sebaceous differentiation.


ethmoid sinus squamous cell carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal epithelial surface of the ethmoid sinus. Patients may present with nasal fullness, obstruction, and/or epistaxis.


lymph node carcinoma

description: A lymph node cancer that has material basis in abnormally proliferating cells derives from epithelial cells.


name: rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma

description: Rapidly involuting congenital hemangiomas (RICH) are a distinctive type of congenital hemangioma that are fully formed in utero and differ from non-involuting congenital haemangiomas (NICH) mainly because they undergo rapid postnatal involution.


fallopian tube papilloma

description: A benign epithelial neoplasm that arises from the fallopian tube. It is characterized by the presence of fibrovascular stalks lined by serous epithelial cells.


vulvar inverted follicular keratosis

description: Seborrheic keratosis that arises from follicular structures in the vulva. It is characterized by the presence of prominent squamous eddies.


name: ephrin type-A receptor 3, signal peptide removed phosphorylated 1 (human)

description: An ephrin type-A receptor 3 (human) that has had the signal peptide removed and has been post-translationally modified to include phosphotyrosine at positions 596 and 602 of the amino acid sequence represented by UniProtKB:P29320. UniProtKB:P29320, 21-983, Tyr-596/Tyr-602, MOD:00048.


isoflavonoid

Any 1-benzopyran with an aryl substituent at position 3. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.


isoflavones

Any isoflavonoid with a 3-aryl-1-benzopyran-4-one (3-aryl-4H-chromen-4-one) skeleton and its substituted derivatives.


Unresectable Lung Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Lung small cell carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Double outlet right ventricle with subaortic ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis

category: biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: A double outlet right ventricle with a ventricular spetal defect (a hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart), that is considered to be closely related to the aortic origin. There is associated pulmonary stenosis, the abnormal narrowing or constriction of the pulmonary artery, in the main pulmonary artery and/or in the left or right pulmonary artery branches.


46 XX gonadal dysgenesis

description: 46,XX gonadal dysgenesis (46,XX GD) is a primary ovarian defect leading to premature ovarian failure (POF) in otherwise normal 46,XX females as a result of failure of the gonads to develop or due to resistance to gonadotrophin stimulation.


Elevated serum 11-deoxycortisol

description: Increased concentration of 11-deoxycortisol in the circulation. 11-deoxycorticosterone, which is also known as simply deoxycorticosterone and 21-hydroxyprogesterone, is a steroid hormore that is produces in the adrenals and is a precursor to aldosterone.


Primary hypercortisolism

description: Hypercortisolemia associated with a primary defect of the adrenal gland leading to overproduction of cortisol.


Secondary hypercortisolism

description: Hypercortisolemia associated with a overproduction of ACTH (often from a tumor), leading secondarily to overproduction of cortisol.


name: Elevated circulating 21-deoxycortisol concentration

description: The concentration of 21-deoxycortisol in the blood circulation is above the upper limit of normal.


name: Pseudoepiphysis of the proximal phalanx of the 4th toe

description: A pseudoepiphysis (an accessory epiphysis that does not significantly contribute to the longitudinal growth of a tubular bone) located in the proximal phalanx of the fourth toe.


name: NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 isoform 1 (human)

description: An NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 isoform 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 isoform 1 acetylated 1 (human)

description: An NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 isoform 1 (human) that is N-terminal Met acetylated. UniProtKB:P15559-1, Met-1, MOD:00058.


dermoid cyst of ovary

description: A cystic teratoma that arises from the ovary. It presents as a cystic mass that contains sebaceous material admixed with hairs. In a minority of cases it is bilateral.


name: dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 isoform A (human)

description: A dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 isoform 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


A  dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine-5-carboxamide substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 10 and 11. It is a metabolite of the drug carbamazepine.


The (10S,11S)-enantiomer of 10,11-trans-dihydroxy-10,11-dihydrocarbamazepine.


The (10R,11R)-enantiomer of 10,11-trans-dihydroxy-10,11-dihydrocarbamazepine.


Aplasia of the retina

description: A developmental defect characterized by absence of the retina.


Optic disc hypoplasia

description: Underdevelopment of the optic disc, that is of the optic nerve head, where ganglion cell axons exit the eye to form the optic nerve.


Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the fovea

description: Congenital absence or underdevelopment of the fovea centralis.


Optic nerve aplasia

description: Congenital absence of the optic nerve.


Macular agenesis

description: A congenital defect characterized by lack of development of the macula.


septooptic dysplasia

description: Septooptic dysplasia (SOD) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder characterized by the classical triad of optic nerve hypoplasia, pituitary hormone abnormalities and midline brain defects.


Hypoplasia of the fovea

description: Underdevelopment of the fovea centralis.


Aplasia of the fovea

description: Congenital absence of the fovea.


Macular hypoplasia

description: Underdevelopment of the macula lutea.


Generalized Pustular Psoriasis

description: A genetically heterogenous autoinflammatory condition characterized by sterile non-follicular pustules over wide areas of the body.  It is a rare and severe form of psoriasis, and may result in death if not treated.


psoriasis 14, pustular

description: Any psoriasis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the IL36RN gene.


anandamide

An N-acylethanolamine 20:4 resulting from the formal condensation of carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine.


Adult Acute Eosinophilic Leukemia

description: An acute eosinophilic leukemia occurring in adults.


description: An abnormal increase in the number of mitochondria per cardiac myocyte.


teeth, supernumerary

description: An extra tooth, erupted or unerupted, resembling or unlike the other teeth in the group to which it belongs. Its presence may cause malposition of adjacent teeth or prevent their eruption.


Mesiodens

description: A supernumerary tooth in the midline between the maxillary central incisors.


Supernumerary maxillary incisor

description: The presence of a supernumerary, i.e., extra, maxillary incisor, either the primary maxillary incisor or the permanent maxillary incisor.


chromosome 4q21 deletion syndrome

description: The 4q21 microdeletion syndrome is a newly described syndrome associated with facial dysmorphism, progressive growth restriction, severe intellectual deficit and absent or severely delayed speech.


name: Metastatic Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinoma

description: Ovarian serous adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


name: Platinum-Resistant Ovarian High Grade Serous Adenocarcinoma

description: Ovarian high-grade serous adenocarcinoma that progresses between one and six months of completing platinum therapy.


name: Unresectable Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinoma

description: Ovarian serous adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Unresectable Ovarian High Grade Serous Adenocarcinoma

description: Ovarian high-grade serous adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: high grade serous adenocarcinoma of ovary

description: A rapidly growing serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary. It is characterized by the presence of high grade cytologic features and frequent mitotic figures.


name: Refractory Ovarian Low Grade Serous Adenocarcinoma

description: Ovarian low-grade serous adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


name: low grade serous adenocarcinoma of ovary

description: A slow-growing serous adenocarcinoma that arises from the ovary.  It usually originates from borderline neoplastic processes or adenofibromas.  It is characterized by the presence of low grade cytologic features and infrequent mitotic figures.


name: Recurrent Ovarian High Grade Serous Adenocarcinoma

description: The reemergence of ovarian high-grade serous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Recurrent Ovarian Low Grade Serous Adenocarcinoma

description: The reemergence of ovarian low-grade serous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Advanced Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma

description: Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


name: Locally Advanced Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma

description: Ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.