name: Stage IIIA Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0.  T3a: Multiple tumors more than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage III Liver Cancer

category: biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: Stage III carcinoma of the liver according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th, 7th, and 8th editions.


name: Epithelial Hepatoblastoma with Pleomorphic Pattern

description: Epithelial hepatoblastoma characterized by the presence of fetal or embryonal cells showing nuclear pleomorphism. Malignant giant cells may be present.


Stage IIIC Adult Liver Cancer AJCC v7

description: For hepatocellular carcinoma: Stage IIIC includes: T4, N0, M0.  T4: Tumors(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Stage I Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v6 and v7

description: Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0.  T1: Solitary tumor without vascular invasion.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Colon Carcinoma Metastatic in the Liver

description: A carcinoma that originates from the colonic wall and has spread to the liver.


name: Stage III Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0). T3: Multiple tumors, at least one of which is larger than 5 cm. T4: Single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein, or tumor(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Non-Teratoid Hepatoblastoma

description: A mixed epithelial and mesenchymal hepatoblastoma characterized by the absence of heterologous elements, muscle, cartilage or osteoid.


name: Stage IIIA Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor perforating the visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Liver Mixed Adenoneuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the liver and is characterized by the presence of a malignant glandular epithelial component and a malignant neuroendocrine component.  At least 30 percent of either component should be present for the diagnosis to be made.


name: Moderately Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm forming trabecular and pseudoglandular patterns.  It is usually associated with tumors that are larger than 3 cm in diameter.


name: Hepatocellular carcinoma, spindle cell variant

description: A morphologic variant of hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant spindle cells or atypical giant cells.


carcinosarcoma of liver

description: An aggressive carcinoma with a sarcomatous component that arises from the liver.  The sarcomatous component is clonally related to the more differentiated, carcinomatous component.  The prognosis is usually poor.


Hepatic cancer stage IVA

description: Stage IVA carcinoma of the liver according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th and 8th editions.


name: Stage II Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Solitary tumor with intrahepatic vascular invasion, or multiple tumors, with or without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Hepatocellular Malignant Neoplasm, Not Otherwise Specified

description: A rare childhood malignant liver neoplasm with overlapping features of hepatoblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma.


name: Stage I Childhood Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v6 and v7


Locally Advanced Liver Carcinoma

description: Liver carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Teratoid Hepatoblastoma

description: A mixed epithelial and mesenchymal hepatoblastoma characterized by the presence of heterologous elements. The latter include neuroectoderm, endoderm, or melanin-holding cells. Muscle, cartilage and osteoid may or may not be present.


BCLC Stage B Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: Intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma.  Patients may benefit from chemoembolization. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


Kaposi's sarcoma of liver

description: A Kaposi sarcoma that arises from the liver.


name: Stage IA Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Solitary tumor equal to or less than 5 cm without vascular invasion.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


description: Hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of diffuse neutrophil infiltrates within the tumor.


Stage IIIB Adult Liver Cancer AJCC v7

description: For hepatocellular carcinoma: Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Childhood Hepatoblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood hepatoblastoma according to the Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to liver

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the liver from another (primary) anatomic site. Representative examples include carcinomas, lymphomas, melanomas, or sarcomas.


name: Stage 0 Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ (intraductal tumor). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site.


name: Unresectable Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma

description: Liver carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Childhood Liver Embryonal Sarcoma

description: An embryonal sarcoma of the liver that occurs during childhood.


name: Recurrent Childhood Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma that occurs during childhood and has recurred after a period of remission.


Malignant Liver Non-Epithelial Neoplasm

description: A primary or metastatic malignant non-epithelial neoplasm that affects the liver.


name: BCLC Stage B Adult Hepatocellular Carcinoma


name: Hepatocellular Carcinoma by AJCC v8 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of hepatocellular carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to hepatocellular carcinomas and fibrolamellar carcinomas (fibrolamellar variant of hepatocellular carcinoma). Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinomas, and sarcomas of the liver are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


description: A hepatocellular carcinoma that arises in a patient with a history of organ transplantation.


name: Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma that develops following hepatitis B virus exposure and injury of the liver parenchyma.


name: Hepatitis C Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma that develops following hepatitis C virus exposure and injury of the liver parenchyma.


name: BCLC Stage 0 Adult Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: Very early hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients are optimal candidates for resection. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


name: Localized Non-Resectable Adult Liver Carcinoma

description: A localized hepatocellular carcinoma or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that occurs during adulthood and it is not amenable to surgical resection.


Recurrent Childhood Liver Cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm of the liver that occurs during childhood and has recurred after a period of remission.


Liver Yolk Sac Tumor

description: A yolk sac tumor that arises from the liver.


Stage I Liver Carcinoma

description: Stage I carcinoma of the liver according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th, 7th, and 8th editions.


name: Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Metastatic in the Liver

description: An adenocarcinoma that originates from the colorectal area and has spread to the liver.


name: Stage IV Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N1, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Postsurgical Stage IV Hepatoblastoma

description: Distant metastases, regardless of the extent of liver involvement. (from PDQ 2004)


name: Localized Childhood Hepatoblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2, Tier1

description: Tumor confined to the liver including regional lymph nodes. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Small Cell Undifferentiated Hepatoblastoma

description: A hepatoblastoma composed exclusively of noncohesive sheets of small undifferentiated cells. Cases showing loss of INI1 nuclear staining should be classified as rhabdoid tumors.


name: Metastatic Childhood Hepatoblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2, Tier 2

description: Distant metastases present. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Postsurgical Stage I Hepatoblastoma

description: No metastases, tumor completely resected. (from PDQ 2004)


name: Well Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with mild atypia and an increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio forming thin trabecular patterns.  It is usually associated with small tumors and an early stage.


name: Stage IB Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Solitary tumor larger than 5 cm without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Childhood Fibrolamellar Carcinoma

description: A fibrolamellar variant of hepatocellular carcinoma that occurs during childhood.


Recurrent Liver Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of liver carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Stage IVA Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IVA includes: Any T, N1, M0. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: BCLC Stage A Adult Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: Early hepatocellular carcinoma.  Patients are candidates for radical therapies (resection, liver transplantation, or percutaneous treatments). (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


Metastatic Hepatoblastoma

description: Hepatoblastoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


name: Childhood Hepatoblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage, Tier 1

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood hepatoblastoma according to the tier 1 Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2.


Stage II Adult Liver Cancer AJCC v7

description: For hepatocellular carcinoma: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Solitary tumor with vascular invasion or multiple tumors none more than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis.  For intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Solitary tumor with vascular invasion or multiple tumors, with or without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


name: Stage III Childhood Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3a, N0, M0); IIIB: (T3b, N0, M0); IIIC: (T4, N0, M0). T3a: Multiple tumors more than 5 cm. T3b: Single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein.  T4: Tumors(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Hepatoblastoma by PRETEXT Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of hepatoblastoma, following the rules of the PRETEXT (pre-treatment extent of tumor) system.


Localized PRETEX I Hepatoblastoma

description: PRETEX I hepatoblastoma confined to the liver including regional lymph nodes. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Hepatoblastoma resectable

description: Hepatoblastoma amenable to surgical removal.


name: Stage IVB Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Hepatocellular Carcinoma by AJCC v7 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of hepatocellular carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


name: Stage IIIB Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIB includes: T4, N0, M0. T4: Single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein, or tumor(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Localized Unresectable Adult Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A localized hepatocellular carcinoma that occurs during adulthood and it is not amenable to surgical resection.


Adult Fibrolamellar Carcinoma

description: Fibrolamellar variant of hepatocellular carcinoma that occurs during adulthood.


name: Poorly Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant pleomorphic cells forming solid patterns.


Recurrent Fibrolamellar Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of fibrolamellar carcinoma after a period of remission.


undifferentiated carcinoma of liver

description: A rare carcinoma that arises from the liver.  The diagnosis is made by immunohistochemical studies.  Morphologic studies alone cannot establish the diagnosis of carcinoma or further subclassify the malignant tumor.


description: A hepatocellular carcinoma that develops following alcohol-induced injury of the liver parenchyma.


name: Stage IVB Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1.  M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


BCLC Stage C Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.  Patients may receive new agents in the setting of randomized controlled trials. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


Stage I Adult Liver Cancer AJCC v7

description: For hepatocellular carcinoma: Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Solitary tumor without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis.  For intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Solitary tumor without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: Hepatocellular carcinoma measuring equal to or less than 2 cm in diameter. It includes early hepatocellular carcinoma and small progressed hepatocellular carcinoma.


Hepatoblastoma by Postsurgical Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of hepatoblastoma according to post-operative findings.


Pleomorphic Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A morphologic variant of hepatocellular carcinoma, characterized by the presence of malignant cells which show marked variation in their size and shape. Bizarre mononuclear or multinucleated giant cells are often present.


name: Stage IIIB Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0, M0. T3b: Single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage III Adult Liver Cancer AJCC v7

description: For hepatocellular carcinoma: Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3a, N0, M0); IIIB: (T3b, N0, M0); IIIC: (T4, N0, M0). T3a: Multiple tumors more than 5 cm. T3b: Single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein. T4: Tumors(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis.  For intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor perforating the visceral peritoneum or involving the local extra hepatic structures by direct invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


name: large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of liver

description: An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the liver. It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells.


PRETEXT I Hepatoblastoma

description: An internationally developed presurgical anatomic staging system using imaging techniques: Tumor involves only 1 quadrant; 3 adjoining liver quadrants are free of tumor. (from PDQ 2004)


name: Hepatocellular Carcinoma by AJCC v6 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of hepatocellular carcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th edition.


Childhood Liver Angiosarcoma

description: An angiosarcoma that arises from the liver during childhood. Most cases arise within preexisting liver infantile hemangiomas.


Epithelial Hepatoblastoma

description: A subtype of hepatoblastoma characterized by the presence of an epithelial component and absence of mesenchymal elements. It includes hepatoblastoma with pure fetal epithelial differentiation, hepatoblastoma with combined fetal and embryonal epithelial differentiation, macrotrabecular hepatoblastoma, and small cell undifferentiated hepatoblastoma (small cell undifferentiated hepatoblastoma with loss of INI1 nuclear staining should be classified as rhabdoid tumor).


Hepatocellular Carcinoma by BCLC Stage

description: A staging classification system for hepatocellular carcinoma that uses variables related to tumor stage, liver functional status, physical status, and cancer-related symptoms, and links the stages with a treatment algorithm. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


name: Metastatic Childhood Hepatoblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2, Tier 1

description: Distant metastases present. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Hepatoblastoma non-resectable

description: Hepatoblastoma not amenable to surgical removal.


name: Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of intrahepatic bile duct cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition. This staging system applies to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas, combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinomas (mixed hepatocholangiocarcinomas), and primary neuroendocrine tumors of the liver. Primary sarcomas of the liver, pure hepatocellular carcinomas, hilar cholangiocarcinomas, and gallbladder carcinomas are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


name: Stage III Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T3: Tumor perforating the visceral peritoneum. T4: Tumor involving local extrahepatic structures by direct invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Chromophobe Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: Hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant cells with smooth chromophobic cytoplasm, abrupt focal nuclear anaplasia, and scattered microscopic pseudocysts.


Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of hepatocellular carcinoma after a period of remission


BCLC Stage A Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: Early hepatocellular carcinoma.  Patients are candidates for radical therapies (resection, liver transplantation, or percutaneous treatments). (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


Refractory Liver Carcinoma

description: Liver carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Stage IVB Liver Cancer

description: Stage IVB carcinoma of the liver according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th and 8th editions.


Metastatic PRETEX III Hepatoblastoma

description: PRETEX III hepatoblastoma with distant metastases. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Refractory Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: Hepatocellular carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Localized PRETEX II Hepatoblastoma

description: PRETEX II hepatoblastoma confined to the liver including regional lymph nodes. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Metastatic carcinoma to liver

description: A carcinoma that has spread to the liver from another primary anatomic site.  Representative examples include metastatic carcinomas from the colon, breast, and lung.


name: Localized Childhood Hepatoblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2, Tier 2

description: Tumor confined to the liver including regional lymph nodes. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A low grade, well differentiated small hepatocellular carcinoma. It lacks obvious stromal invasion and significant atypia.


Metastatic PRETEX IV Hepatoblastoma

description: PRETEX IV hepatoblastoma with distant metastases. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Liver Plasmacytoma

description: A plasmacytoma that arises in the liver.


name: Stage II Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v6 and v7

description: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0.  T2: Solitary tumor with vascular invasion or multiple tumors none more than 5 cm.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


description: A rare type of hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of pleomorphic malignant cells that are intermixed with lymphocytes.


name: Stage III Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v6

description: Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3, N0, M0); IIIB: (T4, N0, M0); IIIC: (Any T, Any N, M0).  IIIA: T3: Multiple tumors more than 5 cm or tumor involving a major branch of the portal or hepatic vein(s).  T4: Tumors(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


PRETEXT II Hepatoblastoma

description: An internationally developed presurgical anatomic staging system using imaging techniques: Tumor involves 2 adjoining quadrants; 2 adjoining quadrants are free of tumor. (from PDQ 2004)


Stage IV Adult Liver Cancer AJCC v7

description: For hepatocellular carcinoma: Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N1, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis.  For intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: Stage IVA includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T4: Tumor with periductal invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis.  Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Hepatoblastoma with Combined Fetal and Embryonal Epithelial Differentiation

description: A hepatoblastoma composed of cells resembling fetal epithelial cells and small round cells resembling blastema cells.


name: Rectal Carcinoma Metastatic in the Liver

description: A carcinoma that originates from the rectum and has spread to the liver.


name: Adult Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma

description: A combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma that occurs during adulthood.


name: Stage IIIA Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Multiple tumors, at least one of which is larger than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Stage IIIC Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IIIC includes: T4, N0, M0.  T4: Tumors(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Childhood Malignant Liver Neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm that affects the liver and occurs during childhood.


name: BCLC Stage D Adult Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: End-stage hepatocellular carcinoma.  Patients will receive symptomatic treatment. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


name: Macrotrabecular Massive Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: Hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by more than 50% growth of macrotrabecular pattern (equal to or more than 6 to 10 cells thick). It presents with higher grade and stage compared to conventional hepatocellular carcinoma. It has poor prognosis with early recurrence and poor overall survival.


name: Stage II Childhood Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v6 and v7


Metastatic PRETEX II Hepatoblastoma

description: PRETEX II hepatoblastoma with distant metastases. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Early Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A stage term referring to hepatocellular carcinoma that presents as a single tumor with the largest diameter measuring 2 cm or less. The liver function is well-preserved and there is no vascular invasion or metastasis. (Barcelona Liver Cancer Classification).


name: Stage IIIB Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIB includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0). T4: Tumor involving local extrahepatic structures by direct invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


description: Hepatocellular carcinoma characterized by the presence of steatohepatitis features, including macrovesicular steatosis, fibrosis, ballooning of malignant hepatocytes, Mallory bodies, and inflammation.


name: Colorectal Carcinoma Metastatic in the Liver

description: A carcinoma that originates from the colorectal area and has spread to the liver.


Metastatic PRETEX I Hepatoblastoma

description: PRETEX I hepatoblastoma with distant metastases. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Small Progressed Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A well to moderately differentiated small hepatocellular carcinoma. It is characterized by the presence of obvious stromal invasion and increase atypia compared with early hepatocellular carcinoma.


Recurrent Adult Liver Carcinoma

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that occurs during adulthood and has recurred after a period of remission.


name: Grade II Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia

description: High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of moderate architectural and cytologic abnormalities.


name: Testicular Tumor of the Thecoma/Fibroma Group

description: A group of rare, slow-growing stromal tumors that arise from the testis.  This category includes thecoma and fibroma.


Testicular Signet Ring Stromal Tumor

description: An extremely rare tumor that arises from the testis. It is characterized by the proliferation of epithelioid cells with signet ring appearance separated by fibrous tissue into trabeculae and nests. The histologic features are bland and there is no mucin production. Mutations of CTNNB1 gene have been identified in the reported cases. It is considered a special type of sex cord-stromal tumor. All reported cases had a benign clinical course without metastases.


name: recurrent childhood acute myeloid leukemia

description: The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia in childhood after a period of remission.


name: Stage IV Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasm AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: Any T, M1b. M1b: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm with all other distant metastases. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


name: Childhood Unfavorable Prognosis Hodgkin Lymphoma

description: A Hodgkin lymphoma with unfavorable prognosis that occurs during childhood.


Acquired Factor III Deficiency

description: An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of tissue factor (factor III) activity in the blood.


Factor III deficiency

description: A coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of tissue factor (factor III) activity in the blood.


Factor III Inactivation

description: Presence of inactivating antibodies to tissue factor (factor III) in the blood.


Hereditary Factor III Deficiency

description: An autosomal recessive, inherited coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of tissue factor (factor III) activity in the blood.


Acardius

description: A severe form of twin-twin transfusion syndrome that occurs in monochorionic pregnancies. The normal twin (pump twin) supplies the blood flow to its sibling that lacks heart or brain or both (acardiac/acephalic twin). Untreated, it may lead to the demise of the pump twin in some cases.


Parkinson Disease 9

description: An autosomal recessive subtype of Parkinson disease, caused by mutation(s) in the ATP13A2 gene, encoding polyamine-transporting ATPase 13A2.


name: Parkinson Disease 23, Autosomal Recessive, Early Onset

description: An autosomal recessive subtype of Parkinson disease, caused by mutation(s) in the VPS13C gene, encoding intermembrane lipid transfer protein VPS13C.


Parkinson Disease 20, Early-Onset

description: An autosomal recessive subtype of Parkinson disease, caused by mutation(s) in the SYNJ1 gene, encoding synaptojanin-1.


Benign neoplasm of supraglottis

description: A neoplasm that arises from the supraglottis and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


name: Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation

description: An acute myeloid leukemia without maturation occurring in children.


Parasite-Related Carcinoma

description: A term that refers to a group of carcinomas that are caused by parasites.


name: Schistosoma Hematobium-Related Bladder Squamous Cell Carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder that is caused by Schistosoma hematobium.


name: Schistosoma Hematobium-Related Bladder Verrucous Carcinoma

description: A verrucous squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder that is caused by Schistosoma hematobium.


name: Metastatic malignant neoplasm to choroid

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the choroid from another anatomic site.


Gallbladder Soft Tissue Neoplasm

description: A benign, intermediate, or malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the gallbladder.


Childhood Osteochondroma

description: An osteochondroma that occurs during childhood.


Osteochondromatosis

description: An autosomal dominant neoplastic chondrogenic process affecting multiple sites. It is caused by mutations in the EXT1 or EXT2 genes.  Grossly and microscopically, the lesions resemble an osteochondroma.


Maxillofacial Osteochondroma

description: A rare osteochondroma that arises from a maxillofacial bone.


Childhood Chondroblastoma

description: A chondroblastoma that occurs during childhood.


Maxillofacial Chondroblastoma

description: A benign chondroid-producing neoplasm arising in a maxillofacial bone.


Jaw Chondromyxoid Fibroma

description: A chondromyxoid fibroma that arises from the jaw.


Laryngeal Chondroma

description: A benign neoplasm arising from hyaline cartilage of the larynx. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes, a lobulated growth pattern, and calcification.


Maxillofacial Chondroma

description: A benign neoplasm of hyaline cartilage that arises within the medullary cavity of a maxillofacial bone. It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes, a lobulated growth pattern, and calcification.


Childhood Chondromyxoid Fibroma

description: A chondromyxoid fibroma that occurs during childhood.


Childhood Subungual Exostosis

description: Subungual exostosis that occurs during childhood.


Maxillofacial Chondromyxoid Fibroma

description: An uncommon benign cartilaginous neoplasm arising in a maxillofacial bone. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped or stellate chondrocytes, a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, and sometimes multinucleated giant cells.


Chondromatosis

description: A multifocal benign neoplasm arising from bone or soft tissue.  It is characterized by the presence of chondrocytes and is composed of hyaline cartilage.


name: Bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation

description: A benign lesion that usually affects the proximal small bones of the hands or feet.  Grossly it consists of a cartilage cap and a bony stalk.  Microscopically it is characterized by the presence of spindle cells, cartilage, and bone, usually in a disorganized pattern compared to subungual exostosis.  Enlarged (bizarre) chondrocytes are present in the cartilage.  Swelling with or without pain is present.  Recurrences following resection have been reported in approximately half of cases.


Solitary Osteochondroma

description: An osteochondroma affecting a single anatomical site.


Tactile Disorder

description: Conditions characterized by an alteration in the ability to perceive touch.


Refractory Lymphoma

description: A lymphoma that does not respond to treatment.


name: Refractory Central Nervous System Lymphoma

description: Central nervous system lymphoma that is resistant to treatment.


Refractory Primary Cutaneous Lymphoma

description: Primary cutaneous lymphoma that does not respond to treatment.


Refractory EBV-Related Lymphoma

description: EBV-related lymphoma that is resistant to treatment.


name: Hodgkin's disease mixed cellularity refractory

description: Mixed cellularity classic Hodgkin lymphoma that is resistant to treatment.


Classical Hodgkin lymphoma refractory

description: Classic Hodgkin lymphoma that is resistant to treatment.


Refractory Primary Bone Lymphoma

description: Primary lymphoma of bone that is resistant to treatment.


Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma

description: Hodgkin lymphoma resistant to treatment


name: Hodgkin's disease nodular sclerosis refractory

description: Nodular sclerosis classic Hodgkin lymphoma that is resistant to treatment.


name: Refractory Lymphocyte-Rich Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma

description: Lymphocyte-rich classic Hodgkin lymphoma that does not respond to treatment.


name: Hodgkin's disease lymphocyte depletion type refractory

description: Lymphocyte-depleted classic Hodgkin lymphoma that is resistant to treatment.


Sinonasal Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

description: A well-differentiated, intermediate grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses.


Head and Neck Neuroendocrine Tumor

description: A well-differentiated, low or intermediate grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the head and neck.


Laryngeal Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

description: A well-differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the larynx.


Sinonasal Neuroendocrine Tumor

description: A well-differentiated, low or intermediate grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the sinonasal tract.


Head and Neck Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

description: A well-differentiated, intermediate grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the head and neck.


Paranasal Sinus Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

description: A well-differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the paranasal sinuses.


Paranasal Sinus Neuroendocrine Tumor

description: A well-differentiated, low or intermediate grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the paranasal sinuses.


Nasal Cavity Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

description: A well-differentiated, intermediate grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the nasal cavity.


Nasal Cavity Neuroendocrine Tumor

description: A well-differentiated, low or intermediate grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the nasal cavity.


Laryngeal Neuroendocrine Tumor

description: A well-differentiated, low or intermediate grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the larynx.


Nasal Cavity Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

description: A well-differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the nasal cavity.


Sinonasal Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

description: A well-differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses.


Head and Neck Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

description: A well-differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the head and neck.


Laryngeal Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

description: A well-differentiated, intermediate grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the larynx.


name: Refractory Bladder Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: Bladder small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Splenic Plasmacytoma

description: A plasmacytoma that arises in the spleen.


name: Splenic B-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia, Unclassifiable

description: A small B-cell clonal lymphoproliferative disorder of the spleen that does not fall into any of the other categories of mature B-cell neoplasms.


Malignant Splenic Soft Tissue Neoplasm

description: A malignant mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the spleen.


Recurrent Hairy Cell Leukemia Variant

description: The reemergence of hairy cell leukemia variant after a period of remission.


name: Splenic Manifestation of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, BCR-ABL1 Positive

description: Infiltration and expansion of the red pulp and sinusoids of the spleen by chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.


name: Splenic Manifestation of B-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia

description: Infiltration and expansion of the white and red pulp of the spleen by B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia.


name: Extramedullary Disease in Multiple Myeloma Involving the Spleen

description: Infiltration of the spleen by malignant (clonal) plasma cells in patients with history of multiple myeloma


name: Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation of spleen

description: A benign, circumscribed lesion that arises from the spleen and is composed of multiple angiomatoid nodules in a fibrosclerotic stroma. It most often affects middle-aged females. It is usually asymptomatic, and most cases are detected incidentally on imaging studies.


name: Splenic Manifestation of T-Cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia

description: Infiltration and expansion of the white and red pulp of the spleen by T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia.


Malignant lymphoma of spleen

description: A non-Hodgkin lymphoma or rarely Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the spleen.


name: Splenic Manifestation of T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia

description: Infiltration and expansion of the red pulp cords and sinusoids of the spleen by T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia. The white pulp of the spleen is not involved and is often hyperplastic.


Paratesticular Paraganglioma

description: An extremely rare paraganglioma that arises from the paratesticular structures.


name: Hematologic Neoplasm with Germline Predisposition Associated with a Constitutional Disorder Affecting Multiple Organ Systems

description: Familial hematologic neoplasms associated with germline mutations and a preexisting disorder or organ dysfunction other than a platelet disorder.


name: Hematologic Neoplasm with Germline Predisposition Associated with Inherited Bone Marrow Failure Syndrome

description: Familial myelodysplastic syndromes/ acute myeloid leukemias associated with inherited bone marrow failure syndromes.


name: Hematologic Neoplasm with Germline GATA2 Mutation

description: Myelodysplastic syndromes/acute myeloid leukemias associated with germline GATA2 mutation.


name: Hematologic Neoplasm with Germline SAMD9 Mutation

description: Myelodysplastic syndromes/acute myeloid leukemias associated with germline SAMD9 mutation.


name: Hematologic Neoplasm with Germline SAMD9L Mutation

description: Myelodysplastic syndromes/acute myeloid leukemias associated with germline SAMD9L mutation.


name: Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia Associated with Neurofibromatosis

description: Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia that is associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).


name: Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia Associated with Noonan Syndrome-Like Disorder

description: Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia that is associated with a genetic disorder caused by germline mutations in the CBL gene and phenotypically resembles Noonan syndrome (Noonan syndrome-like disorder).


name: Hematologic Neoplasm Associated with Down Syndrome

description: Hematologic neoplasms occurring in individuals with Down syndrome.  There is an increased risk of acute leukemias in both children and adults with Down syndrome.  In particular, the incidence of acute myeloid leukemia in Down syndrome children of less than five years of age is particularly high, it is usually an acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, and is associated with GATA1 gene mutation.  This group of disorders also includes the entity transient abnormal myelopoiesis which occurs in neonates and is associated with GATA1 gene mutation.


name: Hematologic Neoplasm with Germline Predisposition Associated with Telomerase Biology Disorder

description: Familial myelodysplastic syndromes/ acute myeloid leukemias associated with telomerase biology disorders.


Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Lesion

description: A non-invasive, precursor epithelial proliferation that arises from the fallopian tube, lacks severe atypia, and demonstrates serous differentiation.


Stress Fractures

description: A small, traumatic break or severe bruising of a bone caused by repetitive application of force.


Fracture of Ulna Related to Birth

category: biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: A broken ulna sustained during the birthing process.


Closed Monteggia's fracture

description: Proximal radial head dislocation in association with a proximal ulnar fracture that does not involve a break in the adjacent skin.


Fracture of Clavicle Related to Birth

description: An injury sustained during the birthing process in which the continuity is broken in the clavicle.


Fracture of acetabulum

description: A traumatic break in the portion of the pelvic bone that forms the hip socket.


Fracture of Femur Related to Birth

description: A broken femur sustained during the birthing process.


Closed fracture of rib

description: A traumatic break in one of the bones in the rib cage that does not involve a break in the adjacent skin.


Fracture of metacarpal bone

description: A traumatic break in one or more of the metacarpal bones.


name: Closed fracture of shaft of metacarpal bone

description: A traumatic break in the diaphysis of the metacarpal bone that does not involve a break in the adjacent skin.


Closed fracture of multiple ribs

description: A traumatic break in two or more places in one rib, or a traumatic break in more than one rib, that does not involve a break in the adjacent skin.


Closed fracture of pelvis

description: A traumatic break in one or more of the bones comprising the bony structure of the pelvis that does not involve a break in the adjacent skin.


Fracture of foot

description: A traumatic break in one or more of the bones in the foot.


Open fracture of rib

description: A traumatic break in one of the bones in the rib cage  that involves a break in the adjacent skin.


Closed fracture of metacarpal bone

description: A traumatic break in one or more of the metacarpal bones that does not involve a break in the adjacent skin.


Fracture of mandible, closed

description: A traumatic break in the mandible  that does not involve a break in the adjacent skin.


name: Closed fracture of malar AND/OR maxillary bones

description: A traumatic break in the malar and maxillary bones  that does not involve a break in the adjacent skin.


Fracture Related to Birth

description: A broken bone sustained during the birthing process.


name: Closed fracture of neck of metacarpal bone

description: A traumatic break in the area of the metacarpal bone located between the diaphysis and the distal metaphysis that does not involve a break in the adjacent skin.


Fracture of bone involving growth plate

description: A traumatic break in a long bone that involves the epiphyseal plate.


Lumbar vertebral fracture L2

description: A traumatic break in the second lumbar spinal vertebra.


Upper Extremity Fracture

description: A traumatic break in one or more of the bones in the arm,  forearm, or hand.


Fracture of clavicle

description: A traumatic or pathologic injury to the clavicle in which the continuity of the clavicle is broken.


Osteoporotic Fractures

description: A pathologic bone fracture due to osteoporosis. It is generally caused by a fall from a standing height or lower and usually involves the spine, hip, or wrist.


Fracture of Humerus Related to Birth

description: A broken humerus sustained during the birthing process.


Fracture of phalanx of finger

description: A traumatic break in one or more of the bones in one of the digits of the hand.


name: Open fracture of neck of metacarpal bone

description: A traumatic break in the area of the metacarpal bone located between the diaphysis and the distal metaphysis that involves a break in the adjacent skin.


Closed Colles' fracture

description: An extra-articular traumatic break in the distal radius with dorsal displacement of the distal fragment that does not involve a break in the adjacent skin.


Fracture of Spine Related to Birth

description: A broken vertebra sustained during the birthing process.


Femoral Neck Fractures

description: Traumatic or pathological injury to the hip in which the continuity of either the femoral head, femoral neck, intertrochanteric or subtrochanteric regions is broken. Symptoms include pain in the hip or groin, bruising and swelling in and around the hip area. The injured hip is turned outward and the leg appears shorter on that side.


Fracture of Radius Related to Birth

description: A broken radius sustained during the birthing process.


Colles' Fracture

description: An extra-articular traumatic break in the distal radius with dorsal displacement of the distal fragment.


Fracture of wrist

description: Traumatic injury to the wrist joint in which the continuity of a wrist bone is broken. Symptoms include wrist pain, swelling, and deformity of wrist.


Open fracture of pelvis

description: A traumatic break in one or more of the bones comprising the bony structure of the pelvis that involves a break in the adjacent skin..


Fracture of Skull Related to Birth

description: An injury sustained during the birthing process in which the continuity is broken in the skull.


Fracture of pelvis

description: A traumatic break in one or more of the bones that compose the bony structure of the pelvis.


Limb fracture

description: A traumatic break in one or more bones in a limb.


Open fracture of metacarpal bone

description: A traumatic break in one or more of the metacarpal bones that involves a break in the adjacent skin.


Fracture of Nose Related to Birth

description: A broken nasal bone sustained during the birthing process.


Parotid Gland Lymphangioma

description: A lymphangioma arising from the parotid gland.


name: Stage IV Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


description: A sympathetic paraganglioma arising from the retroperitoneum, outside the adrenal gland.


Childhood Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the adrenal cortex and occurs during childhood.


Retroperitoneal Ganglioneuroma

description: A ganglioneuroma arising from the retroperitoneum.


name: Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma by AJCC v7 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of adrenal cortical carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v7 classification system.


Adrenal Cortical Oncocytic Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the adrenal cortex and is composed of oncocytic cells that constitute more than 90% of malignant cells.


name: Stage III Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage III includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, Any N, M0); (T4, Any N, M0). T1: Tumor measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension, with no extra-adrenal invasion. T2: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm in greatest dimension, with no extra-adrenal invasion. T3: Tumor of any size with local invasion but not invading adjacent organs. T4: Tumor of any size that invades adjacent organs (kidney, diaphragm, pancreas, spleen, or liver) or large blood vessels (renal vein or vena cava). N1: Metastasis in regional lymph node(s). M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


name: Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma by AJCC v8 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of adrenal cortical carcinoma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. Adrenal medullary pheochromocytoma is staged according to the classification for adrenal neuroendocrine tumors. There is no AJCC staging system for neuroblastic tumors of the adrenal gland. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Adrenal Cortical Oncocytic Adenoma

description: A usually non-functioning variant of adrenal cortex adenoma, composed of large cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm.


name: Glomerulosa Cell Adrenal Cortical Adenoma

description: An adenoma of the adrenal cortex composed of neoplastic cells with cytologic features of glomerulosa cells.


name: Stage III Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage III includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0).  T1: Tumor 5 cm or less in greatest dimension, no extra-adrenal invasion.  T2: Tumor greater than 5 cm, no extra-adrenal invasion.  T3: Tumor of any size with local invasion, but not invading adjacent organs.  N1: Metastasis in regional lymph node(s).  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Adrenal Gland Ganglioneuroma

description: A ganglioneuroma arising from the adrenal gland.


Adrenal Gland Lipoma

description: A rare lipoma that arises from the adrenal gland.


name: Recurrent Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma

description: The reemergence of pheochromocytoma following surgical removal.


Clear Cell Adrenal Cortical Adenoma

description: An adenoma of the adrenal cortex composed of neoplastic clear cells containing intracytoplasmic lipid droplets.


name: Stage IV Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IV includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1).  T3: Tumor of any size with local invasion, but not invading adjacent organs.  T4: Tumor of any size with invasion of adjacent organs.  N1: Metastasis in regional lymph node(s).  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Retroperitoneal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

description: A gastrointestinal stromal tumor that arises from the retroperitoneum. This is an extragastrointestinal tumor, meaning that it does not arise directly from the gastrointestinal tract.


Leiomyoma of the adrenal gland

description: A rare leiomyoma that arises from the adrenal gland.


Benign neoplasm of retroperitoneum

description: A neoplasm that arises from the retroperitoneum and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


Benign neoplasm of adrenal cortex

description: A neoplasm that arises from the adrenal cortex and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


Childhood Adrenal Cortical Adenoma

description: An adenoma of the adrenal cortex that occurs during childhood.


name: Stage I Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0.  T1: Tumor 5 cm or less in greatest dimension, no extra-adrenal invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Hereditary Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma

description: A hereditary adrenal gland pheochromocytoma caused by mutations in SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD genes.


Adrenal Cortical Adenomatoid Tumor

description: A benign adrenal cortical neoplasm deriving from mesothelial cells.


name: Locally Advanced Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma

description: Adrenal gland pheochromocytoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Adrenal Cortical Myxoid Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the adrenal cortex and is characterized by the presence of abundant extracellular connective tissue mucin.


name: Locally Advanced Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma

description: Adrenal cortical carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Adrenal Gland Lymphangioma

description: A rare lymphangioma that arises from the adrenal gland.


name: Stage II Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0.  T2: Tumor greater than 5 cm, no extra-adrenal invasion.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Adrenal Gland Lymphoma

description: A rare lymphoma that arises from the adrenal gland.


Adrenal Cortical Low Grade Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the adrenal cortex and is characterized by the presence of twenty or less mitoses per ten square millimeters.


name: Metastatic Adrenal Gland Composite Pheochromocytoma

description: An adrenal gland composite pheochromocytoma that metastasizes to other anatomic sites.


Metastatic Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the adrenal cortex and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Adrenal Gland Hemangioma

description: A rare hemangioma that arises from the adrenal gland.


name: Superior and Inferior Paraaortic Paraganglioma

description: An extra-adrenal sympathetic paraganglioma arising from paraganglia located along the aorta, including suprarenal, infrarenal, and renal hilar sites.  In functional tumors, the hypersecretion of catecholamines results in hypertension.


name: Metastatic Carcinoma in the Adrenal Cortex

description: A carcinoma that has spread to the adrenal cortex from an adjacent or distal anatomic site.


name: Androgen-Producing Adrenal Cortical Adenoma

description: A rare adenoma of the adrenal cortex that produces androgens.  Female patients usually have symptoms related to virilism.


name: Unresectable Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma

description: Adrenal gland pheochromocytoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Compact Cell Adrenal Cortical Adenoma

description: An adenoma of the adrenal cortex composed of neoplastic compact cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm.


Adrenal Cortical Sex Cord-Stromal Tumor

description: An extremely rare sex cord-stromal tumor that arises from the adrenal cortex. The reported cases were solitary and unilateral.


name: Adrenal Gland Composite Pheochromocytoma

description: A neoplasm that arises from the adrenal medulla and combines morphologic characteristics of pheochromocytoma and neuroectodermal tumors such as neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuroblastoma, or peripheral nerve sheath tumor.


name: Adrenal Gland Ganglioneuroblastoma, Intermixed

description: An intermixed ganglioneuroblastoma arising from the adrenal gland.


Adrenal Cortical High Grade Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the adrenal cortex and is characterized by the presence of more than twenty mitoses per ten square millimeters.


name: Stage I Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 5 cm or less in greatest dimension, with no extra-adrenal invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Advanced Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma

description: An adrenal gland pheochromocytoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Adrenal Cortical Melanoma

description: A rare melanoma that arises within the adrenal cortex.


Adrenal Gland Schwannoma

description: A rare schwannoma that arises from the adrenal medulla.


Mixed Cell Adrenal Cortical Adenoma

description: An adenoma of the adrenal cortex composed of a mixed neoplastic cellular population, including varying numbers of neoplastic clear and compact cells.


name: Stage II Adrenal Cortex Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor measuring more than 5 cm in greatest dimension, with no extra-adrenal invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


name: Adrenal Gland Ganglioneuroblastoma, Nodular

description: A nodular ganglioneuroblastoma arising from the adrenal gland.


Unresectable Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma

description: Adrenal cortical carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Recurrent Malignant Retroperitoneal Neoplasm

description: The reemergence of a malignant retroperitoneal neoplasm after a period of remission.


name: Non-Metastatic Adrenal Gland Composite Pheochromocytoma

description: A composite pheochromocytoma that is confined to the adrenal gland.


Regional Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma

description: A pheochromocytoma that has not spread to other regions.


name: Heavily Pigmented Adrenal Cortical Adenoma

description: A usually functioning adenoma of the adrenal cortex. Grossly, it has a dark brown appearance and is characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells containing abundant intracytoplasmic lipofuscin. It may be associated with Cushing syndrome.


Recurrent Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of adrenal cortical carcinoma after a period of remission.


Anaplastic adrenocortical carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the adrenal cortex and is characterized by the partial or complete loss of adrenal cortical differentiation.


Refractory Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma

description: Adrenal cortical carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


name: estrogen-producing adrenal cortical adenoma

description: A rare adenoma of the adrenal cortex that produces estrogens.  Male patients may develop gynecomastia and impotence.


name: Metastatic malignant neoplasm to adrenal gland

description: A malignant tumor that has spread to the adrenal gland from an adjacent or distant anatomic site.  The majority of cases are metastatic carcinomas, and less frequently lymphomas.


name: Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Complex Karyotype

description: Acute myeloid leukemia associated with at least 3 unrelated clonal chromosomal abnormalities.


name: Childhood Neuroblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood neuroblastoma according to the Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2.


name: Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Associated Medulloblastoma

description: A medulloblastoma developing in patients with familiar adenomatous polyposis syndrome.  It is observed in patients with Turcot syndrome, type 2.


Medulloblastoma, SHH-4

description: Medulloblastoma, SHH-activated, characterized by mutations of U1-snRNA and TERT genes. Mutations of PTCH1 or SMO genes are usually also present. It affects mostly adults.


Sellar Neuroblastoma

description: A rare neuroblastoma arising from the sella turcica.


Refractory Ganglioneuroblastoma

description: Ganglioneuroblastoma that does not respond to treatment.


name: Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes, DICER1-Mutated

description: An embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes characterized by the presence of DICER1 mutation. Approximately half of embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes that lack a C19MC alteration carry DICER1 mutations.


Refractory Dedifferentiated Chordoma

description: A dedifferentiated chordoma that does not respond to treatment.


Childhood Brain Neuroblastoma

description: A neuroblastoma that arises from the brain during childhood.


Refractory Rhabdoid Tumor

description: Rhabdoid tumor that does not respond to treatment.


name: Stage M1 Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Tumor cells in the CSF. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Hereditary Neuroblastoma

description: Genetic inheritance of neuroblastoma caused by mutations in the ALK or PHOX2B genes.  Familial neuroblastomas have a higher incidence of multiple primary tumors and are diagnosed at an earlier age.


name: Childhood Central Nervous System Ganglioneuroblastoma

description: A central nervous system ganglioneuroblastoma that occurs during childhood.


name: Stage L1 Childhood Neuroblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Localized tumor that does not involve any vital structures as defined by the list of IDRFs (i.e., there are no IDRFs) and the tumor must be confined within one body compartment, neck, chest, abdomen, or pelvis. An intraspinal tumor extension that does not fulfill the criteria for an IDRF is consistent with stage L1. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Advanced Chordoma

description: A chordoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


name: Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified with Leptomeningeal Spread

description: A central nervous system embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified which has spread from its original site to the leptomeninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord.


Visual Pathway Medulloepithelioma

description: A very rare, benign or malignant embryonal neoplasm affecting the visual pathway during childhood. It arises from primitive medullary epithelium.


name: Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes of the Fourth Ventricle

description: An embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes that arises from the fourth ventricle.


Stage M4 Medulloblastoma

description: Metastasis outside the cerebrospinal axis. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


name: Stage M3 Childhood Medulloblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Visible metastasis in spine or visible metastasis in cervicomedullary junction. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor-TYR

description: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor characterized by overexpression of melanosomal genes (TYR, TYRP, MITF, and OTX2).


name: Stage M3 Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor by Toronto Guidelines v2


name: Neuroblastoma of the Adrenal Gland and Sympathetic Nervous System

description: A common pediatric extracranial tumor arising from neural crest cells.  It involves the adrenal medulla and the sympathetic nervous system.


name: Adult Supratentorial Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified

description: A supratentorial embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified that occurs in adults.


Anaplastic Medulloblastoma

description: A medulloblastoma characterized by marked nuclear pleomorphism, and high mitotic activity.


Paratesticular Wilms Tumor

description: A rare Wilms tumor that arises from the paratesticular structures.


name: Childhood Neuroblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage, Tier 2

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood neuroblastoma according to the tier 2 Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2.


Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor-SHH

description: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor characterized by overexpression of genes in the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway (GLI2, BOC, PTCHD2, and MYCN).


Prostate Wilms Tumor

description: A rare Wilms tumor affecting the prostate gland.


name: Childhood Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor

description: An atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor occurring in children.


name: Stage M0 Childhood Medulloblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: No visible disease on imaging (MRI brain and spine) beyond primary site of disease and no tumor cells in the CSF. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Localized Childhood Neuroblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Localized tumor not involving vital structures and confined to one body compartment. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


description: An intermixed ganglioneuroblastoma that occurs during childhood.


name: Pineoblastoma miRNA Processing Altered 1

description: Pineoblastoma characterized by alterations in genes involved in miRNA biogenesis (DICER1, DROSHA, and DGCR8). It may manifest as a sporadic tumor or part of DICER1 syndrome. It affects children.


Localized Resectable Neuroblastoma

description: Neuroblastoma that is confined to a specific site and is amenable to surgical removal.


name: Refractory Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor

description: Peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor that does not respond to treatment.


Recurrent Rhabdoid Tumor

description: The reemergence of rhabdoid tumor after a period of remission.


Thyroblastoma

description: A high-grade, rapidly growing malignant embryonal neoplasm that arises from the thyroid gland. It is characterized by the presence of primitive follicular-like structures surrounded by primitive small cells and primitive spindle cell mesenchymal stroma. It is associated with DICER1 gene mutations. The prognosis is poor.


Extra-osseous Ewing's sarcoma recurrent

description: Reemergence of extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma after a period of remission.


name: Peripheral neuroepithelioma of bone metastatic

description: A small round cell tumor of the bone with neural differentiation that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Unresectable Ewing Sarcoma

description: A Ewing sarcoma which is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Stage M4 Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes

description: Metastasis outside the cerebrospinal axis. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


name: Central Nervous System Embryonal Neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm of embryonal origin, arising from the central nervous system.  It usually affects children.  Representative examples include ependymoblastoma, medulloblastoma, and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor.


Locally Advanced Ewing Sarcoma

description: Ewing sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


name: Locally Advanced Olfactory Neuroblastoma

description: Olfactory neuroblastoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


name: Childhood Medulloblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage, Tier 1

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood medulloblastoma according to the tier 1 Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2.


Stage M1 Pineoblastoma

description: Microscopic tumor cells are detected in the cerebrospinal fluid. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


Sellar Dedifferentiated Chordoma

description: A dedifferentiated chordoma that arises from the sellar region.


name: Stage M2 Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor

description: Gross nodular seeding is detected in the cerebellar/cerebral subarachnoid space or in the third or lateral ventricles. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


name: Stage M0 Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor

description: No evidence of subarachnoid or hematogenous metastasis. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


name: Recurrent Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Neoplasm

description: The reemergence of childhood central nervous system embryonal neoplasm after a period of remission.


Resectable Neuroblastoma

description: Neuroblastoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Childhood Brain Ganglioneuroblastoma

description: A ganglioneuroblastoma that arises from the brain and occurs during childhood.


name: Stage L2 Childhood Neuroblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Locoregional tumor with one or more IDRFs. The tumor may be ipsilateral contiguous within body compartments (i.e., a left-sided abdominal tumor with left-sided lung, bone or pleura involvement should be considered stage L2). However, a clearly left-sided abdominal tumor with right-sided lung, bone or pleura (or vice-versa) involvement is defined as metastatic disease. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Childhood Neuroblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage, Tier 1

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood neuroblastoma according to the tier 1 Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2.


High Risk Neuroblastoma

description: Neuroblastoma usually presenting with metastatic disease and MYCN gene amplifications.


name: embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes

description: A central nervous system embryonal tumor characterized by the presence of multilayered rosette formation and typically the presence of amplification of the C19MC region on chromosome 19 (19q13.42) or rarely a DICER1 mutation.


name: Peripheral neuroepithelioma of bone recurrent

description: The reemergence of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the bone after a period of remission.


Cribriform Neuroepithelial Tumor

description: A very rare, nonrhabdoid, intraventricular tumor with relatively favorable prognosis.  It is characterized by the presence of neuroepithelial cells forming cribriform patterns, trabeculae, epithelial membrane antigen immunopositivity on epithelial surfaces, and loss of nuclear INI 1 expression.


Sellar Chordoma

description: A chordoma that arises from the sellar region.


description: The reemergence of medulloblastoma, WNT-activated after a period of remission.


Stage 3 Neuroblastoma

description: Unresectable unilateral tumor infiltrating across the midline, with or without regional lymph node involvement; or localized unilateral tumor with contralateral regional lymph node involvement; or midline tumor with bilateral extension by infiltration (unresectable) or by lymph node involvement. The midline is defined as the vertebral column. Tumors originating on one side and crossing the midline must infiltrate to or beyond the opposite side of the vertebral column. (cancer.gov)


name: Refractory Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor

description: An atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor that does not respond to treatment.


Stage 4S neuroblastoma

description: Localized primary tumor, as defined for stage 1, 2A, or 2B, with dissemination limited to skin, liver, and/or bone marrow (limited to infants younger than 1 year). Marrow involvement should be minimal (i.e., <10% of total nucleated cells identified as malignant by bone biopsy or by bone marrow aspirate). More extensive bone marrow involvement would be considered stage 4 disease. The results of the MIBG scan, if performed, should be negative for disease in the bone marrow. (cancer.gov)


name: Metastatic Childhood Neuroblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Distant metastatic disease (except stage MS). (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage, Tier 2

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood central nervous system embryonal tumor according to the tier 2 Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2.


name: Localized Childhood Medulloblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Localized disease. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Medulloblastoma with Leptomeningeal Spread

description: A medulloblastoma which has spread from its original site to the leptomeninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord.


Unresectable Rhabdoid Tumor

description: A rhabdoid tumor that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage IV Kidney Wilms Tumor

description: Wilms tumor that has spread to other more distant organs, such as the lungs, liver, bones, and brain, or to lymph nodes outside the abdomen (National Wilms Tumor Study Group Staging System)


Poorly Differentiated Neuroblastoma

description: A neuroblastoma in which the differentiating neuroblasts constitute less than five-percent of the tumor cells.


Childhood Ewing Sarcoma

description: A Ewing sarcoma that occurs during childhood.


Skin Ewing Sarcoma

description: A rare Ewing sarcoma that arises from the skin.


name: Recurrent Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor

description: The reemergence of an atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor after a period of remission.


name: Stage M0 Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: No visible disease on imaging (MRI brain and spine) beyond primary site of disease and no tumor cells in the CSF. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor Molecular Subtypes

description: A term that refers to the classification of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors according to their molecular characteristics.


Unresectable Chordoma

description: A chordoma which is not amenable to surgical resection.


Pineoblastoma, MYC/FOXR2-Activated

description: Pineoblastoma characterized by MYC activation, chromosome 16 losses, and overexpression of FOXR2. It affects young children and is associated with a dismal prognosis.


Locally Advanced Neuroblastoma

description: A neuroblastoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Undifferentiated Neuroblastoma

description: A neuroblastoma characterized by the absence of differentiating neuroblasts.


name: Childhood Medulloblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage, Tier 2

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood medulloblastoma according to the tier 2 Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2.


Stage 2 Neuroblastoma

description: Stage 2 includes stage 2A and stage 2B.  Stage 2A: Localized tumor with incomplete gross excision; representative ipsilateral nonadherent lymph nodes negative for tumor microscopically. Stage 2B: Localized tumor with or without complete gross excision, with ipsilateral nonadherent lymph nodes positive for tumor. Enlarged contralateral lymph nodes must be negative microscopically. (cancer.gov)


Locally Advanced Chordoma

description: A chordoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues.


Regional Neuroblastoma

description: A neuroblastoma confined to a specific anatomic region without evidence of dissemination.


Stage M2 Medulloblastoma

description: Gross nodular seeding is detected in the cerebellar/cerebral subarachnoid space or in the third or lateral ventricles. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


name: Ciliary Body Teratoid Medulloepithelioma

description: A rare, unilateral, benign or malignant embryonal neoplasm typically presenting as a ciliary body mass during childhood. It arises from primitive medullary epithelium and contains heterologous elements, particularly cartilage, skeletal muscle, and brain tissue.


Metastatic Olfactory Neuroblastoma

description: Olfactory neuroblastoma that has spread from its original site of growth to other anatomic sites.


name: Pineoblastoma miRNA Processing Altered 2

description: Pineoblastoma characterized by alterations in genes involved in miRNA biogenesis (DICER1, DROSHA, and DGCR8). It may manifest as a sporadic tumor or part of DICER1 syndrome. It affects older children and follows a more favorable course.


name: Extrarenal Rhabdoid Tumor of the Prostate

description: A rare extrarenal rhabdoid tumor affecting the prostate gland.


name: Stage M4 Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Metastasis outside of the central nervous system. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Refractory Ewing Sarcoma/Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor

description: A malignant small round cell tumor with or without neural differentiation that is resistant to treatment.


Neuroblastoma recurrent

description: The reemergence of neuroblastoma after a period of remission.


Unresectable Neuroblastoma

description: Neuroblastoma which is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage 2A Neuroblastoma

description: Localized tumor with incomplete gross excision; representative ipsilateral nonadherent lymph nodes negative for tumor microscopically. (cancer.gov)


name: Sinonasal Ewing Sarcoma/Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor

description: A Ewing sarcoma that arises from the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.


Medulloblastoma Molecular Subtypes

description: A term that refers to the classification of medulloblastomas according to their molecular characteristics.


Metastatic Neuroblastoma

description: A neuroblastoma that has metastasized from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Recurrent Childhood Medulloblastoma

description: The reemergence of childhood medulloblastoma after a period of remission.


name: Localized Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Localized disease. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Childhood Supratentorial Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified

description: A supratentorial embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified that occurs in childhood.


name: Extra-osseous Ewing's sarcoma non-metastatic

description: Ewing sarcoma that arises from the soft tissue and is confined to a specific site without evidence of spread to other anatomic sites.


name: Medulloblastoma, Not Otherwise Specified

description: A medulloblastoma which has not been further characterized.


name: MS Childhood Neuroblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Metastatic disease confined to skin, liver, and/or bone marrow in a patient less than 18 months (547 days). (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Stage MS Childhood Neuroblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Metastatic disease confined to skin, liver, and/or bone marrow, in a patient less than 18 months (547 days). MIBG scintigraphy must be negative in bone and bone marrow. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Benign medulloepithelioma of ciliary body

description: A rare, unilateral, benign embryonal neoplasm typically presenting as a ciliary body mass during childhood. It arises from primitive medullary epithelium.


Recurrent tumors of the Ewing's family

description: The reemergence of a malignant small round cell tumor with or without neural differentiation after a period of remission.


name: Malignant medulloepithelioma of ciliary body

description: A rare, unilateral, malignant embryonal neoplasm typically presenting as a ciliary body mass during childhood. It arises from primitive medullary epithelium.


name: Recurrent Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor

description: The reemergence of a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the central or the peripheral nervous system after a period of remission.


Anaplastic Kidney Wilms Tumor

description: Wilms tumor of the kidney characterized by the presence of nuclear anaplasia.  Anaplasia is defined by the presence of all of the following: multipolar polyploid mitotic figures, marked nuclear enlargement, and hyperchromasia.  When anaplasia is diffuse, it is associated with an unfavorable clinical outcome.


Disseminated neuroblastoma

description: Any primary tumor with dissemination to distant lymph nodes, bone, bone marrow, liver, skin, and/or other organs, except as defined for stage 4S. (cancer.gov)


Stage II Kidney Wilms Tumor

description: Wilms tumor that is found in the kidney and in the fat, soft tissue, or blood vessels near the kidney. It may have spread to the renal sinus. The renal sinus is the part of the kidney where blood and fluid enter and exit the organ. The tumor can be completely removed with surgery. (National Wilms Tumor Study Group Staging System)


Localized Askin Tumor

description: A small round cell tumor confined to a specific area of the thoracic cavity without evidence of spread to other anatomic sites.


Recurrent Medulloblastoma

description: The reemergence of medulloblastoma after a period of remission.


Recurrent Kidney Wilms Tumor

description: The reemergence of Wilms tumor of the kidney after a period of remission.


name: Stage M4 Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor

description: Metastasis outside the cerebrospinal axis. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


Stage III Kidney Wilms Tumor

description: Wilms tumor that is found in areas near the kidney and cannot be completely removed with surgery. The tumor may have spread to nearby organs and blood vessels or throughout the abdomen and to nearby lymph nodes. Lymph nodes are tiny, bean-shaped organs that help fight infection. Stage III cancer has not spread outside the abdomen. (National Wilms Tumor Study Group Staging System)


name: Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor with Rhabdoid Features

description: A central nervous system embryonal neoplasm characterized by the presence of histological features consistent with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor and absence of mutations of the INI1 gene or SMARCA4 (BRG1) gene.


name: Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor, Not Elsewhere Classified

description: A central nervous system embryonal tumor lacking molecular abnormalities that would classify it as one of the molecularly defined central nervous system embryonal neoplasms.


Stage M0 Medulloblastoma

description: No evidence of subarachnoid or hematogenous metastasis. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor-MYC

description: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor characterized by overexpression of MYC gene.


Refractory Wilms Tumor

description: Wilms tumor that is resistant to treatment.


name: Metastatic Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Disease beyond local site (e.g., other lesions in brain or spine or tumor cells in CSF or distant metastases). (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Childhood Ganglioneuroblastoma, Nodular

description: A nodular ganglioneuroblastoma that occurs during childhood.


Unresectable Extrarenal Rhabdoid Tumor

description: Extrarenal rhabdoid tumor that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Stage M3 Medulloblastoma

description: Gross nodular seeding is detected in the spinal subarachnoid space. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


Kadish Stage B Olfactory Neuroblastoma

description: An olfactory neuroblastoma that involves the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.


Fourth Ventricle Medulloblastoma

description: A medulloblastoma occurring in the fourth ventricle.


Localized Unresectable Neuroblastoma

description: Neuroblastoma that is confined to a specific site and is not amenable to surgical removal.


name: Stage M1 Childhood Medulloblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Tumor cells in the CSF. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Pineoblastoma Molecular Subtypes

description: A term that refers to the classification of pineoblastomas according to their molecular characteristics.


Kidney Ewing Sarcoma

description: A rare Ewing sarcoma arising from the kidney.


Kadish Stage A Olfactory Neuroblastoma

description: An olfactory neuroblastoma that is confined to the nasal cavity


name: Stage M3 Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes


name: Metastatic Childhood Medulloblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2


Benign Notochordal Cell Tumor

description: An intraosseous benign tumor of notochord origin that arises in the bones of the base of the skull, vertebral bodies, sacrum or coccyx.  It contains vacuolated tumor cells without atypia, but lacks myxoid matrix, necrosis, and lobular architecture, which are features that characterize its malignant counterpart, chordoma.  Most lesions are incidental findings.


Recurrent Extrarenal Rhabdoid Tumor

description: The reemergence of extrarenal rhabdoid tumor after a period of remission.


name: Central Nervous System Neuroblastoma, FOXR2-Activated

description: A rare central nervous system neoplasm with neuroblastic and/or neuronal differentiation. It is characterized by the presence of structural rearrangements of FOXR2 gene that result in the activation of the transcription factor FOXR2.


name: Refractory Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor

description: Primitive neuroectodermal tumor that does not respond to treatment.


Metastatic Medulloblastoma

description: Medulloblastoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Stage 1 Neuroblastoma

description: Localized tumor with complete gross excision, with or without microscopic residual disease; representative ipsilateral lymph nodes negative for tumor microscopically. (cancer.gov)


Vulvar Ewing Sarcoma

description: Ewing sarcoma arising from the vulva.


Central Nervous System Ewing Sarcoma

description: Ewing sarcoma that arises in the central nervous system.


name: Region 17p13 Allelic Loss Associated Medulloblastoma

description: A medulloblastoma characterized by the loss of one of the p13 regions of chromosome 17.  Loss of genetic material of chromosome arm 17p is the most common molecular genetic abnormality found in medulloblastomas.


Stage M0 Pineoblastoma

description: No evidence of subarachnoid or hematogenous metastasis. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


Recurrent Bone Ewing Sarcoma

description: The reemergence of Ewing sarcoma of the bone after a period of remission.


Stage M2 Pineoblastoma

description: Gross nodular seeding is detected in the cerebellar/cerebral subarachnoid space or in the third or lateral ventricles. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


name: Stage M2 Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Visible metastasis in brain. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Extra-osseous Ewing's sarcoma metastatic

description: An Ewing sarcoma of the soft tissues which has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Sinonasal Olfactory Neuroblastoma

description: An olfactory neuroblastoma that arises from the sinonasal tract.


Childhood Chordoma

description: A rare chordoma that occurs during childhood.


Childhood Kidney Ewing Sarcoma

description: An extremely rare Ewing sarcoma that arises from the kidney during childhood.


Childhood Pineoblastoma

description: A pineoblastoma that occurs during childhood.


Metastatic Chordoma

description: A chordoma that has spread from its original site of growth to other anatomic sites.


name: Stage M Childhood Neuroblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Distant metastatic disease (i.e., not contiguous with the primary tumor) except as defined for stage MS. Nonregional (distant) lymph node involvement is metastatic disease. However, an upper abdominal tumor with enlarged lower mediastinal nodes or a pelvic tumor with inguinal lymph node involvement is considered locoregional disease. Ascites and/or a pleural effusion, even with malignant cells, do not constitute metastatic disease unless they are remote from the body compartment of the primary tumor. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Medulloblastoma, SHH-1

description: Medulloblastoma, SHH-activated, characterized by SUFU gene mutations and chromosome 2 gain. It affects mostly infants.


Stage I Kidney Wilms Tumor

description: Wilms tumor that is found in one kidney and can be completely removed with surgery. (National Wilms Tumor Study Group Staging System)


Dedifferentiated chordoma

description: A high-grade malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the notochord. It is characterized by a lobulated growth pattern, myxoid stroma formation, the presence of physaliphorous cells, and a sarcomatous component.


Recurrent Ganglioneuroblastoma

description: The reemergence of ganglioneuroblastoma after a period of remission.


description: The reemergence of SHH-activated medulloblastoma after a period of remission.


name: Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Neoplasm

description: A central nervous system embryonal tumor that occurs during childhood.


name: Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of the Kidney

description: A small round cell tumor with neural differentiation arising from the kidney.


Recurrent Olfactory Neuroblastoma

description: The reemergence of olfactory neuroblastoma after a period of remission.


Head and Neck Ewing Sarcoma

description: A Ewing sarcoma that arises from the head and neck region. The most frequent sites of involvement are the skull and facial bones, head and neck soft tissue, and mandible.


Childhood Ganglioneuroblastoma

description: A ganglioneuroblastoma that occurs during childhood.


Large cell Ewing sarcoma of bone

description: Ewing sarcoma characterized by the presence of large malignant cells with prominent nucleoli and irregular contours.


Medulloblastoma, SHH-3

description: Medulloblastoma, SHH-activated, characterized by mutations of TP53 and ELP1 genes. It affects older individuals.


name: Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage, Tier 1

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood central nervous system embryonal tumor according to the tier 1 Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2.


name: Recurrent Childhood Supratentorial Embryonal Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified

description: The reemergence of supratentorial embryonal tumor, not otherwise specified in childhood after a period of remission.


Stage M4 Pineoblastoma

description: Metastasis outside the cerebrospinal axis. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


PNET of bone localised

description: A small round cell tumor with neural differentiation that is confined to a specific area of the bone and has not spread to other anatomic sites.


name: Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes without C19MC Alteration

description: An embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes characterized by the absence of C19MC amplification. Approximately half of embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes that lack a C19MC alteration carry DICER1 mutations.


Kadish Stage C Olfactory Neuroblastoma

description: An olfactory neuroblastoma that extends beyond the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.


name: Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome Associated Medulloblastoma

description: A medulloblastoma developing in patients with multiple basal cell carcinomas.  It is observed in patients with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome and it is associated with PTCH gene inactivation.


description: Medulloblastoma, WNT-activated that is resistant to treatment.


Refractory Medulloblastoma

description: Medulloblastoma that does not respond to treatment.


name: Stage M2 Childhood Medulloblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Visible metastasis in brain. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Stage M0 Embryonal Tumor with Multilayered Rosettes

description: No evidence of subarachnoid or hematogenous metastasis. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


name: Stage M4 Childhood Medulloblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Metastasis outside of the central nervous system. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Stage 2B Neuroblastoma

description: Localized tumor with or without complete gross excision, with ipsilateral nonadherent lymph nodes positive for tumor. Enlarged contralateral lymph nodes must be negative microscopically. (cancer.gov)


name: Childhood Central Nervous System Neuroblastoma

description: A neuroblastoma that arises from the central nervous system and occurs during childhood.


description: SHH-activated medulloblastoma that does not respond to treatment.


Metastatic Bone Ewing Sarcoma

description: An Ewing sarcoma of the bone which has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


name: Metastatic Ewing Sarcoma/Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor

description: A small round cell tumor with or without neural differentiation that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Stage M1 Medulloblastoma

description: Microscopic tumor cells are detected in the cerebrospinal fluid. (Chang CH, Housepian EM, Herbert C. Radiology, 1969; 93(6):1351-9.)


Metastatic Ewing's Sarcoma

description: Ewing sarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Refractory Ewing Sarcoma

description: Ewing sarcoma that does not respond to treatment.


name: Recurrent Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor

description: The reemergence of a small round cell tumor with neural differentiation after a period of remission.


ELP1-Associated Medulloblastoma

description: An SHH-activated, TP53-wildtype medulloblastoma caused by germline ELP1 gene variations and develops during childhood.


name: Stage M1 Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor


name: Locoregional Childhood Neuroblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Locoregional tumor with spread. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Mesoblastic nephroma, mixed

description: A congenital mesoblastic nephroma characterized by the presence of classic and cellular areas.


Refractory Chordoma

description: A chordoma that does not respond to treatment.


name: Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumor by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood central nervous system embryonal tumor according to the Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2.


name: Central Nervous System Ganglioneuroblastoma

description: A malignant central nervous system neoplasm characterized by the presence of poorly differentiated or undifferentiated neuroepithelial cells and ganglion cells.


Childhood Neuroblastoma

description: A neuroblastoma that occurs during childhood.