response to odorant

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an odorant stimulus. An odorant is any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell.


response to L-ascorbic acid

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) stimulus.


name: detection of increased carbon dioxide by carotid body chemoreceptor signaling

description: The process in which information about the levels of carbon dioxide are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in a carotid body.


detection of abscisic acid stimulus

description: The series of events in which an abscisic acid stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


cellular response to sorbitol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a sorbitol stimulus.


dendrite regeneration

description: The regrowth of dendrites in response to their loss or damage.


response to cholesterol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholesterol stimulus.


cellular response to oxygen levels

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of oxygen.


cellular response to tacrolimus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tacrolimus (FK506) stimulus.


halotropism

description: A sodium-specific negative tropism that is crucial for surviving and thriving under high salinity.


response to ximelagatran

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ximelagatran stimulus.


cellular response to interleukin-4

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-4 stimulus.


name: cellular response to iron ion starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of iron ions.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway. This is a mechanism by which the virus evades the host innate immune response.


response to curcumin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a curcumin stimulus.


name: response to corticotropin-releasing hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulus. Corticotropin-releasing hormone is a peptide hormone involved in the stress response.


cellular response to L-arginine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-arginine stimulus.


locomotor rhythm

description: The rhythm of the locomotor activity of an organism during its 24 hour activity cycle.


mechanosensory behavior

description: Behavior that is dependent upon the sensation of a mechanical stimulus.


response to bismuth

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bismuth (Bi) stimulus.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of MDA-5 activity

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway by inhibiting the activity of MDA-5 (also known as IFIH1). The cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor MDA-5 detects dsRNA synthesized during active viral replication and triggers a signaling pathway to protect the host against viral infection, for example by inducing the expression of antiviral cytokines.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytokine production

description: A process by which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts cytokine production in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host toll-like receptor signaling pathway

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a toll-like receptor signaling pathway in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


photoprotection

description: Protection mechanism used by plants and cyanobacteria under conditions of excess energy absorption as a consequence of the light reactions of photosynthesis.


name: response to host oxygen tension environment

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of the symbiont or its cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting oxygen tension in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: response to mitotic cell cycle spindle orientation checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic cell cycle spindle orientation checkpoint signaling.


response to X-ray

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of X-ray radiation. An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 nanometers to 100 picometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz to 3 EHz).


name: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sour taste

description: The series of events required for a sour taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal.


name: baroreceptor detection of decreased arterial stretch

description: The series of events by which a decrease in diameter of an artery is detected and converted to a molecular signal.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of TBK1 activity

description: Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway in a host organism by reducing the activity of a host serine/threonine kinase TBK1.


response to electrical stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electrical stimulus.


response to glycoprotein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glycoprotein stimulus.


response to erythropoietin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an erythropoietin stimulus. Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that controls erythropoiesis.


name: cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epidermal growth factor stimulus.


cellular response to farnesol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a farnesol stimulus.


response to chemical

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus.


response to vanadate(3-)

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vanadate(3-) stimulus.


name: cellular response to dehydroepiandrosterone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dehydroepiandrosterone stimulus.


name: endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the presence of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or other ER-related stress; results in changes in the regulation of transcription and translation.


cellular response to BMP stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) stimulus.


name: cellular response to prostaglandin F stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin F stimulus.


cellular response to glyoxal

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glyoxal stimulus.


name: cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucocorticoid stimulus. Glucocorticoids are hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol with the ability to bind with the cortisol receptor and trigger similar effects. Glucocorticoids act primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and have anti-inflammatory effects.


name: modulation by symbiont of host ethylene-mediated defense response

description: Any process in which a symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: B cell tolerance induction in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue

description: Tolerance induction taking place in the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) mediated by B cells.


response to methylglyoxal

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methylglyoxal stimulus. Methylglyoxal is a 2-oxoaldehyde derived from propanal.


name: cellular response to thyroid hormone stimulus

description: A change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a thyroid hormone stimulus.


sensory perception

description: The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


name: response to oscillatory fluid shear stress

description: Any response to fluid shear stress where the fluid is moving across a solid surface with an oscillatory flow. Disturbed flow patterns at the arterial bifurcations and curvatures may cause endothelial dysfunction, which initiates atherosclerosis.


cellular response to curcumin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a curcumin stimulus.


name: response to mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint signaling.


name: detection of stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain

description: The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


name: detection of humidity stimulus involved in sensory perception

description: The series of events in which a humidity stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of the sensory perception of humidity.


name: mismatch repair involved in maintenance of fidelity involved in DNA-dependent DNA replication

description: A mismatch repair process that corrects errors introduced that ensures the accuracy of DNA replication.


name: response to intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of intra-S DNA damage checkpoint signaling.


behavioral defense response

description: A behavioral response seeking to protect an organism from an a perceived external threat to that organism.


name: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of wind

description: The series of events involved in the perception of wind in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


pyrimidine dimer repair

description: The repair of UV-induced T-T, C-T and C-C dimers.


name: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sound

description: The series of events involved in the perception of sound vibration in which the vibration is received and converted into a molecular signal.


detection of nodal flow

description: The series of events by which an endogenous stimulus is received by a cilium on a cell and converted to a molecular signal contributing to left/right asymmetry.


name: response to electrical stimulus involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electrical stimulus. This process occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


name: response to G1 cell size control checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic cell cycle G1/S transition size control checkpoint signaling.


cellular response to protozoan

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a protozoan.


behavioral fear response

description: An acute behavioral change resulting from a perceived external threat.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host B-cell mediated immune response

description: A process by which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of the B-cell mediated immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response

description: A process in which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of the innate immune response of the host organism, the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: vascular endothelial cell response to oscillatory fluid shear stress

description: Any response to oscillatory fluid shear stress that occurs in a vascular endothelial cell.


name: cellular response to high density lipoprotein particle stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a high density lipoprotein particle stimulus.


response to retinoic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a retinoic acid stimulus.


cellular response to aluminum ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aluminum ion stimulus.


name: DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator

description: A cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage.


name: heat shock-mediated polytene chromosome puffing

description: The decondensing (loosening) and swelling of the chromosomal sites of heat shock genes on polytene chromosomes in response to a heat shock stimulus.


name: response to G2 transition size control checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of G2/M transition size control checkpoint signaling.


cellular response to cholecystokinin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholecystokinin stimulus.


cellular response to leukotriene B4

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a leukotriene B4 stimulus.


phototaxis

description: The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to light.


learning or memory

description: The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time.


response to vitamin B2

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B2 stimulus.


response to phenylpropanoid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as the result of a phenylpropanoid stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. A phenylpropanoid is any of secondary metabolites with structures based on a phenylpropane skeleton. The class includes phenylpropanoid esters, flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins and many small phenolic molecules. Phenylpropanoids are also precursors of lignin.


cellular response to diethyl maleate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diethyl maleate stimulus.


response to calcium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a calcium ion stimulus.


response to dodecane

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dodecane stimulus.


response to parathyroid hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a parathyroid hormone stimulus.


name: circadian regulation of calcium ion oscillation

description: Any process that modulates the concentration of cytosolic free calcium ion [Ca2+]cyt with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.


name: detection of temperature stimulus involved in thermoception

description: The series of events in which a temperature stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of thermoception.


fear-induced aggressive behavior

description: Aggressive behavior associated with attempts to flee from a threat.


name: cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress

description: The physiological enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart muscle due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division, as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis.


detection of external stimulus

description: The series of events in which an external stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


cellular response to auxin stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an auxin stimulus.


cellular response to interleukin-11

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-11 stimulus.


reproductive senescence

description: A life cycle stage during which the reproductive capacity and fitness of an organism declines.


name: intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to nitrosative stress

description: The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to nitrosative stress; a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of nitric oxide (NO) or the highly reactive oxidant peroxynitrite, which is produced following interaction of NO with superoxide anions.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host immunoglobulin-mediated immune response

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of the immunoglobulin-mediated immune response of the host organism. One common mechanism by which this happens is the direct inhibition of immunoglobulin activity, by direct binding or modification. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


anatomical structure development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome.


name: behavioral response to water deprivation

description: Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of deprivation of water.


response to pyrimidine ribonucleotide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pyrimidine ribonucleotide stimulus.


response to menaquinone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a menaquinone (vitamin K2) stimulus.


response to ultrasound

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ultrasonic stimulus.


cellular response to virus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a virus.


cellular response to interleukin-15

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-15 stimulus.


name: host response to induction by symbiont of tumor, nodule or growth in host

description: Any process that results in a change in the state or activity of a host cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the formation of an abnormal mass of cells in the host organism, induced by a symbiont. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: detection of hypoxic conditions in blood by chemoreceptor signaling

description: The process in which information about a lack of oxygen are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies and the aortic bodies.


name: cellular response to prostaglandin I stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin I stimulus.


name: cellular response to chondroitin 4'-sulfate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chondroitin 4'-sulfate stimulus.


behavioral response to ethanol

description: Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of an ethanol stimulus.


name: cellular response to isoquinoline alkaloid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an isoquinoline alkaloid stimulus. An isoquinoline alkaloid is any member of a group of compounds with the heterocyclic ring structure of benzo(c)pyridine which is a structure characteristic of the group of opium alkaloids.


animal organ morphogenesis

description: Morphogenesis of an animal organ. An organ is defined as a tissue or set of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.


cellular response to raffinose

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a raffinose stimulus.


cellular response to L-ascorbic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) stimulus.


response to manganese ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a manganese ion stimulus.


response to DDT

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a DDT stimulus. DDT, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, is a chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide moderately toxic to humans and other animals.


name: cellular response to boron-containing substance levels

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of boron-containing substances.


response to nicotine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nicotine stimulus.


cellular response to cGMP

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cGMP (cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus.


name: odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a dentin-containing tooth over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dentin-containing tooth is a hard, bony organ borne on the jaw or other bone of a vertebrate, and is composed mainly of dentin, a dense calcified substance, covered by a layer of enamel.


response to isooctane

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an isooctane stimulus.


cellular heat acclimation

description: Any process that increases heat tolerance of a cell in response to high temperatures.


name: symbiont defense to host-produced reactive oxygen species

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts either the host signal transduction pathways leading to the production of reactive oxygen species as part of the host innate immune response.


name: symbiont-mediated evasion of recognition by host innate immune effector

description: A process by which a symbiont mitigates the effects of recognition by a host innate immune effector. Effectors have a direct activity against a symbiont and include complement, antimicrobial peptides, and bacterial restriction enzymes. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


cellular response to biotic stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism.


response to herbivore

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a herbivore.


response to glucagon

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucagon stimulus.


response to bleomycin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bleomycin stimulus.


smooth muscle atrophy

description: A process, occurring in smooth muscle, that is characterized by a decrease in protein content, fiber diameter, force production and fatigue resistance in response to different conditions such as starvation, aging and disuse.


response to leptin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a leptin stimulus. Leptin is a hormone manufactured primarily in the adipocytes of white adipose tissue, and the level of circulating leptin is directly proportional to the total amount of fat in the body. It plays a key role in regulating energy intake and energy expenditure, including appetite and metabolism].


name: response to human chorionic gonadotropin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a human chorionic gonadotropin stimulus.


response to nitrogen compound

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrogen compound stimulus.


response to metal ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a metal ion stimulus.


response to trichostatin A

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a trichostatin A stimulus.


cellular response to interleukin-13

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-13 stimulus.


name: immune response in brain or nervous system

description: An immune response taking place in the brain or nervous system.


cellular response to acrylamide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acrylamide stimulus.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host defense-related programmed cell death

description: Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of defense-related programmed cell death in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: response to mitochondrial depolarisation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) in response to the depolarization of one or more mitochondria.


detection of calcium ion

description: The series of events in which a calcium ion stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


cellular response to vitamin K

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin K stimulus.


response to ionomycin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ionomycin stimulus.


cellular response to chemical stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus.


response to dextromethorphan

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dextromethorphan stimulus.


humoral immune response

description: An immune response mediated through a body fluid.


detection of stimulus

description: The series of events in which a stimulus is received by a cell or organism and converted into a molecular signal.


name: peripheral nervous system axon regeneration

description: The regrowth of axons outside the central nervous system (outside the brain and spinal cord) following an axonal injury.


name: detection of electrical stimulus involved in sensory perception

description: The series of events in which an electrical stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal as part of sensory perception.


cellular response to estrogen stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by an estrogen, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics.


response to sucrose

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a sucrose stimulus.


name: response to pheromone regulating pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus that regulates the process of pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation.


name: intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator

description: The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.


response to p-xylene

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a p-xylene stimulus.


response to gibberellin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gibberellin stimulus.


extracellular ATP signaling

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of extracellular ATP.


detection of cytokinin stimulus

description: The series of events in which a cytokinin stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


name: cellular response to reactive nitrogen species

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive nitrogen species stimulus.


response to prostaglandin E

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin E stimulus.


name: cellular response to oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oxidized lipoprotein particle stimulus.


hyperosmotic salinity response

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, an increase in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment.


cellular response to platinum ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a platinum stimulus.


cellular response to UV-B

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a UV-B radiation stimulus. UV-B radiation (UV-B light) spans the wavelengths 280 to 315 nm.


name: peripheral tolerance induction to nonself antigen

description: Tolerance induction to nonself antigens in the periphery.


DNA protection

description: Any process in which DNA is protected from damage by, for example, oxidative stress.


phototransduction, UV

description: The sequence of reactions within a cell required to convert absorbed photons from UV light into a molecular signal; ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 400 nanometers.


response to ozone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ozone stimulus.


name: suppression by virus of host tetherin activity

description: Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of host tetherin activity. Tetherin (also known as BST2) is an alpha interferon-inducible cellular factor that impairs the release of many enveloped viruses. By blocking tetherin activity, many viruses circumvent its antiviral effects.


response to phenylalanine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phenylalanine stimulus.


response to triterpenoid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a triterpenoid stimulus.


adult walking behavior

description: The behavior of an adult relating to the progression of that organism along the ground by the process of lifting and setting down each leg.


recombinational repair

description: A DNA repair process that involves the exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between the broken DNA molecule and a homologous DNA region.


name: modulation by virus of host cytokine production

description: Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine production in its host organism.


name: cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin E stimulus.


name: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in echolocation

description: The series of events involved in echolocation in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. The stimulus is in the form of a reflected sound wave (an echo), which the organism uses to determine the distance to the object that reflected the sound wave.


name: detection of injury involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

description: The series of events by which an injury stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. This occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


response to gravity

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus.


name: cellular response to red or far red light

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a red or far red light stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs.


circadian regulation of heart rate

description: Any process in which an organism modulates its heart rate at different values with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host defense-related programmed cell death

description: Any process in which a symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of defense-related programmed cell death in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


territorial aggressive behavior

description: Aggressive behavior performed in defence of a fixed area against intruders, typically conspecifics.


adaptive immune response

description: An immune response mediated by cells expressing specific receptors for antigens produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for an enhanced secondary response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory).


response to carbon monoxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbon monoxide (CO) stimulus.


hatching behavior

description: The specific behavior of an organism during the emergence from an egg shell. In Drosophila for example, the larva swings its head reiteratively through a semicircular arc, using its mouth hooks to tear apart the chorion in front of it and thus free itself from within the egg shell.


detection of carbon dioxide

description: The series of events in which a carbon dioxide stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


response to misfolded protein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a misfolded protein stimulus.


cellular response to dsRNA

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a double-stranded RNA stimulus.


name: detection of endoplasmic reticulum overloading

description: The series of events in which a stimulus generated by the accumulation of normal or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum is received and converted into a molecular signal.


response to amino acid starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of amino acids.


cellular response to viscosity

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a viscosity stimulus.


cellular response to phenylalanine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phenylalanine stimulus.


cellular response to wortmannin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a wortmannin stimulus.


response to selenite ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a selenite ion stimulus.


response to imidacloprid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an imidacloprid stimulus.


cellular response to sulfur starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of sulfur.


response to acid chemical

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus by the chemical structure of the anion portion of a dissociated acid (rather than the acid acting as a proton donor). The acid chemical may be in gaseous, liquid or solid form.


name: cellular response to diacyl bacterial lipopeptide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diacylated bacterial lipopeptide stimulus.


response to interleukin-4

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-4 stimulus.


name: DNM1L-mediated stimulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization

description: A positive regulation of the macromitophagy pathway that is triggered by mitochondrial depolarization and requires the function of a DNM1L-family molecule.


response to cytarabine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytarabine stimulus.


name: response to very low light intensity stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a very low light intensity stimulus. A very low light intensity stimulus is defined as a level of electromagnetic radiation below 0.001 mmol/m2/sec.


response to oxidative stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.


response to growth hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth hormone stimulus. Growth hormone is a peptide hormone that binds to the growth hormone receptor and stimulates growth.


response to diphenyl ether

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diphenyl ether stimulus.


detection of muscle inactivity

description: The series of events in which a muscle inactivity stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


response to resveratrol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a resveratrol stimulus.


cellular response to nitrogen compound

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrogen compound stimulus.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host immune response

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts the immune response of the host organism; the immune response is any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to mechanical stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.


cellular response to pheromone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus.


cellular response to gravity

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gravitational stimulus.


response to testosterone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a testosterone stimulus.


response to ciliary neurotrophic factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ciliary neurotrophic factor stimulus.


name: aggregation involved in sorocarp development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the aggregate over time, from its formation to the point when a slug is formed. Aggregate development begins in response to starvation and continues by the chemoattractant-mediated movement of cells toward each other. The aggregate is a multicellular structure that gives rise to the slug.


cellular response to nickel ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nickel ion stimulus.


response to interleukin-13

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-13 stimulus.


response to putrescine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a putrescine stimulus.


response to interleukin-17

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-17 stimulus.


SREBP signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals from the endoplasmic reticulum to the nucleus generated as a consequence of decreased levels of one or more sterols (and in some yeast, changes in oxygen levels) and which proceeds through activation of a sterol response element binding transcription factor (SREBP) to result in up-regulation of target gene transcription.


response to anisomycin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an anisomycin stimulus.


immunoglobulin-mediated neutralization

description: The inhibition of an antigen's biological effects by antibody binding to it. An example is neutralization of diphtheria toxin by preventing its entry into human cells via the binding of antibody specific for diphtheria toxin.


name: negative regulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization.


cellular response to radiation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an electromagnetic radiation stimulus. Electromagnetic radiation is a propagating wave in space with electric and magnetic components. These components oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of propagation.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host CRISPR-cas system

description: A process by which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the CRISPR-cas system of its host. Bacteria and archaea use CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems to defend themselves from infection by bacteriophages (phages), and phages have various mechanisms to counter the CRISPR-cas system.


response to auxin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an auxin stimulus.


response to chlorate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chlorate stimulus.


name: tolerance induction in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue

description: Tolerance induction taking place in the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT).


cellular response to thyroxine stimulus

description: A change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a thyroxine stimulus.


name: cellular response to magnesium starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of magnesium.


detection of nutrient

description: The series of events in which a nutrient stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


name: response to Thyroglobulin triiodothyronine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a Thyroglobulin triiodothyronine stimulus.


response to tumor necrosis factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tumor necrosis factor stimulus.


response to ceramide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ceramide stimulus.


biological phase

description: A distinct period or stage in a biological process or cycle.


cellular response to aldehyde

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aldehyde stimulus.


cell-cell adhesion

description: The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules.


type II hypersensitivity

description: An inflammatory response resulting in cell death or dysfunction mediated by activation of the classical complement pathway or induction of effector cell phagocytosis, cytolysis mechanisms via complement or Fc receptors following the binding of antibodies to cell surface antigens on a target cell, or mediated by the direct binding of antibody to cellular receptors.


name: double-strand break repair via classical nonhomologous end joining

description: An instance of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining that requires a number of factors important for V(D)J recombination, including the KU70/80 heterodimer (KU), XRCC4, ligase IV, and DNA-PKcs in mammals. It does not produce translocations (as opposed to the alternative nonhomologous end joining).


name: cellular stress response to acid chemical

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in cellular homeostasis caused by the chemical structure of the anion portion of a dissociated acid (rather than the acid acting as a proton donor). The acid chemical may be in gaseous, liquid or solid form.


response to purvalanol A

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a purvalanol A stimulus.


sneeze reflex

description: A reflex process that expels air forcibly from the mouth and nose in an explosive, spasmodic involuntary action resulting chiefly from irritation of the nasal mucous membrane.


cellular response to ecdysone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ecdysone stimulus.


response to hydrogen sulfide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen sulfide stimulus.


cellular response to endothelin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an endothelin stimulus. Endothelin is any of three secretory vasoconstrictive peptides (endothelin-1, -2, -3).


cellular response to osmotic stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell.


name: effector-mediated perturbation of host innate immune response by symbiont

description: A process mediated by a molecule secreted by a symbiont that results in the modulation (either activation or suppression) of a host innate immune response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to dsDNA

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a double-stranded DNA stimulus.


response to tumor cell

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a tumor cell.


response to leptomycin B

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a leptomycin B stimulus.


cellular response to L-glutamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-glutamine stimulus.


cell adhesion

description: The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules.


name: cellular response to jasmonic acid stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a jasmonic acid stimulus.


cellular response to camptothecin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a camptothecin stimulus.


cellular response to ergosterol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ergosterol stimulus.


cellular response to formaldehyde

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a formaldehyde stimulus.


cellular response to amine stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amine stimulus. An amine is a compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups.


cellular response to lipoteichoic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoteichoic acid stimulus; lipoteichoic acid is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor.


response to decalin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a decalin stimulus.


psychomotor behavior

description: The specific behavior of an organism that combines cognitive functions and physical movement. For example, driving a car, throwing a ball, or playing a musical instrument.


response to neutral pH

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a neutral pH (pH close to 7) stimulus. pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.


positive gravitropism

description: The orientation of plant parts towards gravity.


response to ethylene

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethylene (ethene) stimulus.


photosynthetic acclimation

description: A response to light intensity in which exposure to medium-intensity light results in increased tolerance to high-intensity light.


response to dinitrophenol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dinitrophenol stimulus.


response to UV-B

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a UV-B radiation stimulus. UV-B radiation (UV-B light) spans the wavelengths 280 to 315 nm.


response to forskolin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a forskolin stimulus.


cellular response to cytokine stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokine stimulus.


cellular response to methylglyoxal

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methylglyoxal stimulus. Methylglyoxal is a 2-oxoaldehyde derived from propanal.


response to vitamin B1

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B1 stimulus.


circadian temperature homeostasis

description: Any homeostatic process in which an organism modulates its internal body temperature at different values with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.


cellular response to oxidopamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oxidopamine stimulus.


acute inflammatory response

description: Inflammation which comprises a rapid, short-lived, relatively uniform response to acute injury or antigenic challenge and is characterized by accumulations of fluid, plasma proteins, and granulocytic leukocytes. An acute inflammatory response occurs within a matter of minutes or hours, and either resolves within a few days or becomes a chronic inflammatory response.


response to parasitic plant

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a parasitic plant.


name: response to pheromone regulating conjugation with mutual genetic exchange

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus regulating the process of conjugation without cellular fusion.


tropism

description: The movement of an organism, or part of an organism, in response to an external source of stimulus, usually toward or away from it.


response to steroid hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus.


cellular response to folic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a folic acid stimulus.


response to thiabendazole

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a thiabendazole stimulus.


cellular response to nitric oxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitric oxide stimulus.


auditory behavior

description: The behavior of an organism in response to a sound.


cone photoresponse recovery

description: The processes required for a cone photoreceptor to recover, following light activation, so that it can respond to a subsequent light stimulus. Cone recovery requires the shutoff of active participants in the phototransduction cascade, including the visual pigment and downstream signal transducers.


response to azide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an azide stimulus.


name: establishment of competence for transformation

description: The process in which a naturally transformable bacterium acquires the ability to take up exogenous DNA. This term should be applied only to naturally transformable bacteria, and should not be used in the context of artificially induced bacterial transformation.


negative phototaxis

description: The directed movement of a cell or organism away from a source of light.


name: cellular response to carcinoembryonic antigen

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carcinoembryonic antigen stimulus. The carcinoembryonic antigens represent a family of glycoproteins.


cellular response to heat

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.


response to dopamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dopamine stimulus.


cellular response to cold

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism.


circadian sleep/wake cycle

description: The cycle from wakefulness through an orderly succession of sleep states and stages that occurs on an approximately 24 hour rhythm.


cellular response to vitamin B1

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B1 stimulus.


wound healing

description: The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host JAK-STAT cascade via inhibition of host TYK2 activity

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupt a JAK-STAT signal cascade in the host organism by reducing the activity of host TYK2 (tyrosine kinase 2). TYK2 is an intracellular signal-transducing tyrosine kinase involved in numerous cytokines and interferons signaling pathways and transmits the cytokine signal by phosphorylating receptor subunits.


name: cellular response to abscisic acid stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abscisic acid stimulus.


response to anion stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of anion stress, an increase or decrease in the concentration of negatively charged ions in the environment.


myxococcal fruiting body development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myxococcal fruiting body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The process begins when myxococci respond to a lack of nutrients in the environment and ends when the myxococcal fruiting body is a mature structure.


name: response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor stimulus.


cellular response to papulacandin B

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a papulacandin B stimulus.


name: double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining

description: The repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the two broken ends are rejoined with little or no sequence complementarity. Information at the DNA ends may be lost due to the modification of broken DNA ends. This term covers instances of separate pathways, called classical (or canonical) and alternative nonhomologous end joining (C-NHEJ and A-NHEJ). These in turn may further branch into sub-pathways, but evidence is still unclear.


response to sodium dodecyl sulfate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) stimulus.


short-term memory

description: The memory process that deals with the storage, retrieval and modification of information received a short time (up to about 30 minutes) ago. This type of memory is typically dependent on direct, transient effects of second messenger activation.


name: intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

description: The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to a stimulus indicating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen.


olfactory learning

description: Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs in response to (repeated) exposure to an olfactory cue.


short-day photoperiodism, flowering

description: A change from vegetative to reproductive phase as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light that falls short of the critical day length. The critical day length varies between species. Although the term is short-day is used, most species actually respond to the duration of the night, so that the response will occur when a period of darkness exceeds the number of hours defined by 24 minus the critical day length.


drought recovery

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of prolonged deprivation of water that restores that organism to a normal (non-stressed) condition.


name: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain

description: The series of events involved in the perception of pain in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


response to Gentian violet

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a Gentian violet stimulus.


name: telomere maintenance in response to DNA damage

description: Any process that occur in response to the presence of critically short or damaged telomeres.


red, far-red light phototransduction

description: The sequence of reactions within a cell required to convert absorbed photons from red or far-red light into a molecular signal; the red, far-red light range is defined as having a wavelength within the range 660-730 nm.


response to type II interferon

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon.


response to codeine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a codeine stimulus.


axon regeneration

description: The regrowth of axons following their loss or damage.


cellular response to copper ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a copper ion stimulus.


response to oomycetes

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from an oomycetes.


response to genistein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a genistein stimulus.


response to triglyceride

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a triglyceride stimulus.


response to prostaglandin I

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin I stimulus.


name: cellular response to differentiation-inducing factor 1

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)hexan-1-one stimulus.


reproductive behavior

description: The specific behavior of an organism that is associated with reproduction.


response to dehydroepiandrosterone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dehydroepiandrosterone stimulus.


response to benzoic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a benzoic acid stimulus.


response to interleukin-7

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-7 stimulus.


crying behavior

description: The behavior in which an organism sheds tears, often accompanied by non-verbal vocalizations and in response to external or internal stimuli.


detection of oxygen

description: The series of events in which an oxygen stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


name: telomere maintenance via base-excision repair

description: A telomere maintenance process that occurs by base-excision repair of telomeric DNA in response to DNA damage. Telomeric sequences are particularly susceptible to oxidative DNA damage, due to their G-rich nature.


response to pyrethroid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pyrethroid stimulus. Pyrethroids are a group of growth regulators, analogous to insect juvenile hormones, that interfere with the development of insect larvae and are used in the control of insects that are harmful in the adult stage.


name: suppression by symbiont of host phytoalexin production

description: Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phytoalexin production in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: cellular response to corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulus. Corticotropin-releasing hormone is a peptide hormone involved in the stress response.


detection of high humidity

description: The series of events in which high humidity is detected and converted into a molecular signal.


cellular response to retinoic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a retinoic acid stimulus.


name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell cytokine production

description: Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell.


response to biotin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotin stimulus.


behavioral response to wounding

description: A behavioral response resulting from wounding.


cellular response to nocodazole

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nocodazole stimulus.


peripheral B cell tolerance induction

description: Tolerance induction of mature B cells in the peripheral lymphoid tissues: the blood, lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue.


cellular response to water deprivation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of water.


chronic inflammatory response

description: Inflammation of prolonged duration (weeks or months) in which active inflammation, tissue destruction, and attempts at repair are proceeding simultaneously. Although it may follow acute inflammation, chronic inflammation frequently begins insidiously, as a low-grade, smoldering, often asymptomatic response.


foraging behavior

description: Behavior by which an organism locates food.


cellular response to leucine starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of leucine.


name: detection of pH by chemoreceptor signaling

description: The process in which information about the levels of hydrogen ions are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors.


name: cellular response to non-ionic osmotic stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of non-ionic solutes (e.g. mannitol, sorbitol) in the environment.


response to benzene

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a benzene stimulus.


grooming behavior

description: The specific behavior of an organism relating to grooming, cleaning and brushing to remove dirt and parasites.


cellular response to bile acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bile acid stimulus.


name: adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from leucine-rich repeat domains

description: An immune response mediated by lymphocytes expressing specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process that includes somatic recombination of variable lymphocyte receptors (VLR) incorporating leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains, and allowing for enhanced responses upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). Examples of this process are found in jawless fish, including the lampreys (Petromyzontidae) and hagfishes (Myxinidae).


response to salt stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment.


name: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of umami taste

description: The series of events required for a umami taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal. Umami taste is the savory taste of meats and other foods that are rich in glutamates.


response to light stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light.


response to fluoride

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fluoride stimulus.


detection of sucrose stimulus

description: The series of events in which a sucrose stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


double-strand break repair

description: The repair of double-strand breaks in DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix.


redox taxis

description: The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to redox potential.


name: type I hypersensitivity mediated by basophils

description: An inflammatory response driven by antigen recognition by antibodies bound to Fc receptors basophils, occurring within minutes after exposure of a sensitized individual to the antigen, and leading to the release of a variety of inflammatory mediators such as histamines.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host inflammatory response

description: A process in which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of  inflammatory response in the host organism; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to red or far red light

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a red or far red light stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs.


cellular response to calcium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a calcium ion stimulus.


detection of cell density

description: The series of events in which information about the density of cells in a population is received and converted into a molecular signal.


cellular response to dinitrophenol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dinitrophenol stimulus.


response to external biotic stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external biotic stimulus, an external stimulus caused by, or produced by living things.


detection of electrical stimulus

description: The series of events by which an electrical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


cellular response to cordycepin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cordycepin stimulus.


name: cellular response to epinephrine stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epinephrine stimulus. Epinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C9H13NO3; it is secreted by the adrenal medulla to act as a hormone, and released by certain neurons to act as a neurotransmitter active in the central nervous system.


vestibular reflex

description: A reflex process in which a response to an angular or linear acceleration stimulus begins with an afferent nerve impulse from a receptor in the inner ear and ends with the compensatory action of eye muscles. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness.


response to interleukin-2

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-2 stimulus.


response to gamma radiation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gamma radiation stimulus. Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or light emission of a specific frequency produced from sub-atomic particle interaction, such as electron-positron annihilation and radioactive decay. Gamma rays are generally characterized as EMR having the highest frequency and energy, and also the shortest wavelength, within the electromagnetic radiation spectrum.


defense response to insect

description: A response to protect an organism from a directly detected or perceived external threat from an insect or insects to that organism.


cellular response to amphetamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amphetamine stimulus. Amphetamines consist of a group of compounds related to alpha-methylphenethylamine.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of RIG-I activity

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway by inhibiting the activity of RIG-1 (also known as DDX58). The cytoplasmic pattern recognition RIG-I recognizes viral RNA synthesized during active viral replication and signals to protect the host against viral infection, for example by inducing the expression of antiviral cytokines.


angular vestibuloocular reflex

description: A vestibular reflex by which a response to an angular acceleration stimulus begins with an afferent nerve impulse from a receptor in the semi-circular canal and ends with the compensatory action of eye muscles. Signaling never reaches a level of consciousness.


name: effector-mediated activation of programmed cell death in host

description: A symbiont process in which a molecule secreted by the symbiont activates a programmed cell death pathway in the host to suppress the host innate immune response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


circadian sleep/wake cycle process

description: A behavioral process involved in the cycle from wakefulness through an orderly succession of sleep states and stages that occurs on an approximately 24 hour rhythm.


cellular response to cyanide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyanide stimulus.


cellular response to tetrahydrofolate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tetrahydrofolate stimulus.


name: detection of reduced oxygen by aortic body chemoreceptor signaling

description: The process in which information about the levels of oxygen are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in an aortic body.


response to singlet oxygen

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a singlet oxygen stimulus. Singlet oxygen is a dioxygen (O2) molecule in which two 2p electrons have similar spin. Singlet oxygen is more highly reactive than the form in which these electrons are of opposite spin, and it is produced in mutant chloroplasts lacking carotenoids and by leukocytes during metabolic burst.


cellular response to desiccation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a desiccation stimulus, extreme dryness resulting from the prolonged deprivation of water.


cellular response to nitrosative stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrosative stress stimulus. Nitrosative stress is a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of nitric oxide (NO) or the highly reactive oxidant peroxynitrite, which is produced following interaction of NO with superoxide anions.


cellular response to erythropoietin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an erythropoietin stimulus.


detection of steroid hormone stimulus

description: The series of events by which a steroid hormone stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.