name: cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transforming growth factor beta stimulus.


name: response to muscle activity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muscle activity stimulus. This process occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


response to protozoan

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a protozoan.


cellular response to arsenite(3-)

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenite(3-) stimulus.


stress response to copper ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis caused by a copper ion stimulus.


cellular response to mercury ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mercury ion stimulus.


name: pigment accumulation in response to UV light

description: The aggregation of coloring matter in a particular location in an organism, tissue or cell, occurring in response to a UV light stimulus.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host defense response

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with the ability of the host to mount a defense in response to its presence. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to organonitrogen compound

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organonitrogen stimulus. An organonitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond.


name: vascular endothelial cell response to fluid shear stress

description: Any response to fluid shear stress in a vascular endothelial cell.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host antigen processing and presentation

description: A process by which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the normal processing and presentation of a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.


response to rapamycin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a rapamycin stimulus.


response to glutathione

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glutathione stimulus.


name: organ or tissue specific immune response

description: An immune response taking place in an organ or tissues such as the liver, brain, mucosa, or nervous system tissues.


name: intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to changes in intracellular ion homeostasis, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.


name: symbiont-mediated evasion of DNA end degradation by host

description: A process by which a symbiont evades and ends degradation of its DNA when free DNA ends are exposed. DNA ends are exposed during the life cycle of some viruses and these are targeted by host cells to destroy the virus. For example, some bacteriophages encode proteins that bind to free viral DNA ends, protecting them from degradation by host exonucleases.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host induced systemic resistance

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts the induced systemic resistance in the host organism; induced systemic resistance is a response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease and that does not depend upon salicylic acid signaling. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


cellular response to oxygen radical

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oxygen radical stimulus. An oxygen radical is any oxygen species that carries a free electron; examples include hydroxyl radicals and the superoxide anion.


response to unfolded protein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus.


name: endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced pre-emptive quality control

description: The response to endoplasimic reticulum stress in which nascent proteins are degraded by attenuation of their translocation into the ER followed by rerouting to the cytosol without cleavage of the signal peptide, and subsequent degradation by the proteasome.


negative gravitropism

description: The orientation of plant parts away from gravity.


name: response to DNA replication checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of DNA replication checkpoint signaling.


response to cytokinin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokinin stimulus.


red or far-red light signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated upon sensing by photoreceptor molecules of red light or far red light. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs.


response to cholecystokinin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholecystokinin stimulus.


cellular response to chemical stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chemical stimulus indicating the organism is under stress.


response to interleukin-32

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-32 stimulus.


response to diamide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diamide (N,N,N',N'-tetramethyldiazene-1,2-dicarboxamide) stimulus.


name: response to continuous far red light stimulus by the high-irradiance response system

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the detection of a continuous far red light stimulus by the high-irradiance response system. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. The activity of the high-irradiance response system is characterized by stronger effects of continuous than pulsed light at equal total fluence.


imitative learning

description: Learning in which new behaviors are acquired through imitation.


cellular response to L-cysteine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-cysteine stimulus. L-cysteine is an optically active form of cysteine having L-configuration.


name: cellular response to nitrogen starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of nitrogen.


T-helper 17 type immune response

description: An immune response which is associated with resistance to intracellular bacteria with a key role in inflammation and tissue injury. This immune response is associated with pathological autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis, arthritis and psoriasis which is typically orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines by T-helper 17 cells, most notably interleukin-17, IL-21 and IL-22.


name: positive regulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization.


cellular response to cortisone stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cortisone stimulus. Cortisone is a natural glucocorticoid steroid hormone that is metabolically convertible to cortisol. Cortisone is synthesized from cholesterol in the cortex of the adrenal gland under the stimulation of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). The main physiological effect of cortisone is on carbohydrate metabolism; it can stimulate increased glucose release from the liver, increased liver glycogen synthesis, and decreased utilization of glucose by the tissues.


cellular response to cytokinin stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokinin stimulus.


name: cellular response to testosterone stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a testosterone stimulus.


cellular response to glucagon stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucagon stimulus.


response to propan-1-ol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a propan-1-ol stimulus.


cellular response to biotin starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of biotin.


response to amino acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amino acid stimulus. An amino acid is a carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups.


cellular response to rotenone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a rotenone stimulus.


response to arsenite(3-)

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenite(3-) stimulus.


response to amphetamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amphetamine stimulus. Amphetamines consist of a group of compounds related to alpha-methylphenethylamine.


response to histamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a histamine stimulus. Histamine, the biogenic amine 2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethanamine, is involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter.


response to cycloalkane

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cycloalkane stimulus. A cycloalkane is a cyclic saturated hydrocarbon having the general formula CnH2n.


response to karrikin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a karrikin stimulus. Karrikins are signaling molecules in smoke from burning vegetation that trigger seed germination for many angiosperms (flowering plants).


name: primary adaptive immune response involving T cells and B cells

description: An adaptive immune response mediated by naive T or B cells against an antigen not previously encountered by immune system.


cellular response to redox state

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating redox state. Redox state refers to the balance of oxidized versus reduced forms of electron donors and acceptors in an organelle, cell or organ; plastoquinone, glutathione (GSH/GSSG), and nicotinamide nucleotides (NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH) are among the most important.


name: cellular response to laminar fluid shear stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a laminar fluid shear stress stimulus. Laminar fluid flow is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface in parallel layers.


name: cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus.


response to hypochlorite

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hypochlorite stimulus.


name: suppression by virus of host intracellular interferon activity

description: Any viral process that results in the inhibition of interferon activity within the host cell.


response to luteinizing hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a luteinizing hormone stimulus.


cellular response to zinc ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a zinc ion stimulus.


name: cellular response to 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl stimulus.


name: cellular response to low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus.


cellular response to menadione

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a menadione stimulus. Menadione (also called vitamin K3) is a naphthoquinone having a methyl substituent at the 2-position.


name: programmed necrotic cell death in response to starvation

description: A programmed necrotic cell death occurring as a result of a starvation stimulus (deprivation of nourishment).


response to muramyl dipeptide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muramyl dipeptide stimulus. Muramyl dipeptide is derived from peptidoglycan.


response to host redox environment

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of the symbiont organism or its cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the redox environment in host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: stress-induced homeostatically regulated protein degradation pathway

description: A stress-inducible protein catabolic pathway that promotes protein quality control by accelerating the degradation of misfolded ER membrane and cytosolic proteins, as well as native proteins. The pathway starts with the activation, by stress, of the Nma111p/Ynm3p serine protease, which cleaves the stress-induced hydrophilin Roq1p, resulting in the generation of a Roq1p cleavage product that selectively interacts with Ubr1p, an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Interaction with the Ubr1p type-1 substrate binding site reprograms the substrate specificity of this ubiquitin ligase resulting in the selective proteasome-mediated degradation of misfolded and native proteins. The pathway ends with degradation of the protein by the cytoplasmic proteasome. Currently, NMA111, ROQ1, UBR1, RAD6, and CDC48 are considered to be involved in this quality control pathway.


response to interleukin-1

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-1 stimulus.


name: immune response involved in response to exogenous dsRNA

description: Any immune response that is involved in response to exogenous dsRNA.


vocal learning

description: A behavioral process whose outcome is a relatively long-lasting behavioral change whereby an organism modifies innate vocalizations to imitate sounds produced by others.


response to estradiol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.


name: peripheral tolerance induction to self antigen

description: Tolerance induction to self antigens in the peripheral lymphoid tissues: blood, lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues.


cellular response to interleukin-18

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-18 stimulus.


detection of wounding

description: The series of events by which an injury stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


optomotor response

description: Eye, head or whole body movements that help to compensate movements of the environment in order to stabilize its image on the retina. In the case of whole body movements, these motor actions may also stabilize a locomotor course in response to some disturbance. Examples include: the optokinetic reflex, which allows human eyes to follow objects in motion while the head remains stationary reflex; the optomotor responses of flying insects and swimming fish.


pilomotor reflex

description: The reflex process in which the arrectores pilorum (hair follicle) muscles contract and cause the hair to stand erect.


cellular response to light stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light.


response to tetracycline

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tetracycline stimulus.


cellular response to lipid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid stimulus.


cellular response to trichodermin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a trichodermin stimulus.


response to zinc ion starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of zinc ion.


general adaptation syndrome

description: General adaptation syndrome is the set of changes in various organ systems of the body, especially the pituitary-endocrine system, in response to a wide range of strong external stimuli, both physiological and psychological. It is described as having three stages: alarm reaction, where the body detects the external stimulus; adaptation, where the body engages defensive countermeasures against the stressor; and exhaustion, where the body begins to run out of defenses.


detection of ethylene stimulus

description: The series of events in which an ethylene (ethene) stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


long-day photoperiodism, flowering

description: A change from the vegetative to the reproductive phase as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light that exceeds the critical day length. The critical day length varies between species. Although the term is long-day is used, most species actually respond to the duration of the night, so that the response will occur when a period of darkness falls short of the number of hours defined by 24 minus the critical day length.


cellular response to phylloquinone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phylloquinone (vitamin K1) stimulus.


muscle adaptation

description: A process in which muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. These adaptive events occur in both muscle fibers and associated structures (motoneurons and capillaries), and they involve alterations in regulatory mechanisms, contractile properties and metabolic capacities.


resolution phase response

description: An active host response phase of acute inflammation driven by specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) and signaling pathways, enabling timely tissue regeneration and return of function.


cellular response to catechin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a catechin stimulus.


name: response to triacyl bacterial lipopeptide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a triacylated bacterial lipopeptide stimulus.


cellular response to pH

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pH stimulus. pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.


name: cellular response to cell envelope stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stress acting at the cell envelope.


name: response to cell cycle checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of cell cycle checkpoint signaling.


cellular response to fluid shear stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fluid shear stress stimulus. Fluid shear stress is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface.


cellular response to quercetin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a quercetin stimulus.


name: defense response by callose deposition in cell wall

description: Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, the cell wall during the defense response. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls.


response to UV

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ultraviolet radiation (UV light) stimulus. Ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 380 nanometers.


cellular response to iron(III) ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an iron(III) ion stimulus.


response to ATP

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ATP (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) stimulus.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of IRF3 activity

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway in a host organism by reducing the activity of host IRF3 (interferon regulatory factor-3). IRF3 is a transcription factor in the RIG-I/MDA-5 signaling pathway. Viral infection triggers phosphorylation of cytoplasmic IRF3, which allows IRF3 to form a homodimer, migrate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of IFN-alpha and IFN-beta genes.


response to high light intensity

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a high light intensity stimulus.


response to acidic pH

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pH stimulus with pH < 7. pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.


peripheral T cell tolerance induction

description: Tolerance induction of T cells in the periphery, in this case, any location in the body other than the thymus.


detection of hypoxia

description: The series of events in which a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.


detection of cAMP

description: The series of events in which a cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal; cAMP is the nucleotide cyclic AMP.


name: double-strand break repair via synthesis-dependent strand annealing

description: SDSA is a major mechanism of double-strand break repair in mitosis which allows for the error-free repair of a double-strand break without the exchange of adjacent sequences. The broken DNA searches for and base pairs with a homologous region in an intact chromosome. DNA synthesis initiates from the 3' end of the invading DNA strand, using the intact chromosome as the template. Newly synthesized DNA is then displaced from the template and anneal with its complement on the other side of the double-strand break.


name: cellular response to stem cell factor stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stem cell factor (SCF) stimulus.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host innate immune response

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts the innate immune response of the host organism; the innate immune response is the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an fibroblast growth factor stimulus.


optical nerve axon regeneration

description: The regrowth of axons of the optical nerve following their loss or damage.


response to manganese starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of manganese.


cellular response to arsenite ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenite ion stimulus.


cellular response to plumbagin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a plumbagin stimulus.


detection of hormone stimulus

description: The series of events in which a hormone stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


mismatch repair

description: A system for the correction of errors in which an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. The mismatch repair system promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination.


name: cellular response to L-phenylalanine derivative

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-phenylalanine derivative stimulus.


response to miconazole

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a miconazole stimulus.


cellular response to sodium arsenite

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a sodium arsenite stimulus.


response to L-phenylalanine derivative

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-phenylalanine derivative stimulus.


tolerance induction to nonself antigen

description: Tolerance induction in response to nonself antigens.


response to humidity

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a humidity stimulus, moisture in the atmosphere.


name: cellular response to progesterone stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a progesterone stimulus.


response to hyperoxia

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating increased oxygen tension.


response to oleic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oleic acid stimulus.


shade avoidance

description: Shade avoidance is a set of responses that plants display when they are subjected to the shade of another plant. It often includes elongation, altered flowering time, increased apical dominance and altered partitioning of resources. Plants are able to distinguish between the shade of an inanimate object (e.g. a rock) and the shade of another plant due to the altered balance between red and far-red light in the shade of a plant; this balance between red and far-red light is perceived by phytochrome.


cellular response to desipramine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a desipramine stimulus.


response to decreased oxygen levels

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting a decline in the level of oxygen.


name: cellular response to disaccharide stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disaccharide stimulus.


cellular response to glucoside

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucoside stimulus.


name: adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains

description: An immune response mediated by lymphocytes expressing specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process that includes somatic recombination of germline gene segments encoding immunoglobulin superfamily domains. Recombined receptors for antigen encoded by immunoglobulin superfamily domains include T cell receptors and immunoglobulins (antibodies) produced by B cells. The first encounter with antigen elicits a primary immune response that is slow and not of great magnitude. T and B cells selected by antigen become activated and undergo clonal expansion. A fraction of antigen-reactive T and B cells become memory cells, whereas others differentiate into effector cells. The memory cells generated during the primary response enable a much faster and stronger secondary immune response upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). An example of this is the adaptive immune response found in Mus musculus.


name: detection of pH by aortic body chemoreceptor signaling

description: The process in which information about the levels of hydrogen ions are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in an aortic body.


name: cellular response to gibberellin stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gibberellin stimulus.


response to borneol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a borneol stimulus.


response to acadesine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acadesine stimulus.


cellular response to biotin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotin stimulus.


name: cellular response to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid stimulus.


kinin cascade

description: A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell that occur as a result of by-products of tissue damage, including collagen, cartilage, and basement membrane. The ultimate product of the kinin cascade include kallidin and bradykinin, agents known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability.


detection of nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio

description: The process in which the size of the nucleus with respect to its cytoplasm is sensed by a cell.


defense response by callose deposition

description: Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location during the defense response. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls.


cellular response to vitamin B2

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B2 stimulus.


cellular response to brefeldin A

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a brefeldin A stimulus.


response to biotic stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism.


regulation of ovulation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ovulation, the release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary.


defense response to tumor cell

description: Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a tumor cell that act to protect the cell or organism.


evasion of host immune response

description: A process by which an organism avoids the effects of the host organism's immune response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: effector-mediated activation of plant hypersensitive response by symbiont

description: A symbiont process in which a molecule secreted by the symbiont activates a resistance gene-dependent defense response signaling pathway in the plant host, in order to activate a hypersensitive response to induce necrosis. In the plant, this process involves the direct or indirect recognition of the symbiont effector protein for example through plant resistance receptor or R proteins (or R genes).


nervous system process

description: A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of neurological system.


response to alkaloid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an alkaloid stimulus. Alkaloids are a large group of nitrogenous substances found in naturally in plants, many of which have extracts that are pharmacologically active.


cellular response to interferon-alpha

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-alpha stimulus. Interferon-alpha is a type I interferon.


cellular response to cyclopentenone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyclopentenone stimulus. Cyclopentenones are oxylipins derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are structurally similar to jasmonic acid, but contain a reactive unsaturated carbonyl structure in the cyclo-ring. Cyclopentenones include phytoprostanes and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid.


description: An adaptive immune effector response involving T cells and B lineage cells. In the case of B lineage cells, the effector cells are the antibody secreting plasma cells whereas for T cells the effector cells may be helper T cells or cytotoxic T cells.


pigment granule maturation

description: Steps required to form a membrane-bounded organelle into a pigment granule containing pigment. Maturation is a developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cell or structure to attain its fully functional state.


response to Gram-negative bacterium

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a Gram-negative bacterium.


rhythmic behavior

description: The specific behavior of an organism that recur with measured regularity.


ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum membrane stress sensor ATF6 (activating transcription factor 6). Begins with activation of ATF6 in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Under conditions of endoplasmic reticulum stress, ATF6 translocates to the Golgi where it is processed by proteases to release a cytoplasmic domain (ATF6f), which operates as a transcriptional activator of many genes required to restore folding capacity.


response to bacterial lipopeptide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacterial lipopeptide stimulus.


response to phosphatidylethanolamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phosphatidylethanolamine stimulus.


response to isobutanol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an isobutanol stimulus.


response to diethyl maleate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diethyl maleate stimulus.


response to nematicide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nematicide stimulus. Nematicides are chemicals used to kill nematodes.


cellular response to hyperoxia

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating increased oxygen tension.


response to inositol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an inositol stimulus.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II

description: A process by which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the normal processing and presentation of a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex.


name: phenotypic switching in response to host

description: A reversible switch of a cell from one phenotype to another that occurs upon infection of a host or host cell. For example, Candida albicans switches from a unicellular form to an invasive multicellular filamentous form upon infection of host tissue. Phenotypic switching begins with changes in cell morphology and altered gene expression patterns and ends when the morphology of a population of cells has reverted back to the default state, accompanied by altered expression patterns.


response to dsRNA

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a double-stranded RNA stimulus.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host pathogen-associated molecular pattern receptor signaling pathway

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a PAMP signaling pathway in its host organism, initiated by a ligand binding of a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) to activate a plant innate immune response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: cellular response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor stimulus.


response to Thyroid stimulating hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a Thyroid stimulating hormone stimulus.


pattern orientation

description: The actions or reactions of an individual in response to the orientation of a visual pattern. This is exemplified by some classes of insects which are able to detect and learn the orientation of a set of stripes and subsequently behaviorally discriminate between horizontal, vertical or 45 degree stripes.


behavioral response to starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of deprivation of nourishment.


name: mitochondrial double-strand break repair via homologous recombination

description: The repair of a double-strand break in mitochondrial DNA in which the broken DNA molecule is repaired using homologous sequences.


detection of muscle activity

description: The series of events in which a muscle activity stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


response to serotonin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a serotonin stimulus.


energy quenching

description: The process by which excess light energy absorbed by chlorophyll and not used to drive photosynthesis is emitted by nonphotochemical quenching or chlorophyll fluorescence.


adaptive immune effector response

description: An adaptive immune response that involves one or more immune effector processes and takes place during the effector phase of the adaptive immune response.


name: regulation of multicellular organismal process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a multicellular organismal process, the processes pertinent to the function of a multicellular organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs.


photoperiodism

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light or dark of a given length, measured relative to a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species.


name: killing by virus of host cell during superinfection exclusion

description: The viral-killing of a host cell by a pre-existing virus in response to a subsequent infection of the host cell by second virus.


cellular response to isolation stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lack of contact with other members of the same species.


chemokinesis

description: A response by a motile cell to a soluble chemical that involves an increase or decrease in speed (positive or negative orthokinesis) or of frequency of movement or a change in the frequency or magnitude of turning behavior (klinokinesis).


name: baroreceptor detection of arterial stretch

description: The series of events by which the change in diameter of an artery is detected and converted to a molecular signal.


name: cellular response to very-low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a very-low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus.


cellular response to exogenous dsRNA

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an exogenous double-stranded RNA stimulus.


carbon utilization

description: A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary carbon sources and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary carbon source and to transport and metabolize alternative carbon sources such as carbon dioxide or carbonic acid. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects carbon levels, includes the activation of genes whose products detect, transport or metabolize carbon-containing substances, and ends when carbon is incorporated into the cell or organism's metabolism.


cellular response to far red light

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of far red light stimulus. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs.


response to butan-1-ol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a butan-1-ol stimulus.


response to maltose

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a maltose stimulus.


swimming behavior

description: The response to external or internal stimuli that results in the locomotory process of swimming. Swimming is the self-propelled movement of an organism through the water.


name: multicellular organismal reproductive process

description: The process, occurring above the cellular level, that is pertinent to the reproductive function of a multicellular organism. This includes the integrated processes at the level of tissues and organs.


name: wound healing involved in inflammatory response

description: The series of events that restore integrity to damaged tissue that contribute to an inflammatory response.


aggressive behavior

description: A behavioral interaction between organisms in which one organism has the intention of inflicting physical damage on another individual.


name: double-strand break repair via transcription-associated homologous recombination

description: A mechanism of homologous recombination and DNA repair in which transcript RNA is used as a template for DSB repair.


response to polycyclic arene

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a polycyclic arene stimulus.


soluble molecule recognition

description: The recognition of soluble molecules in the environment.


cellular response to stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell.


cellular stress response to acidic pH

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in the homeostasis of organismal or cellular pH (with pH < 7). pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.


name: response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen.


response to amine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amine stimulus. An amine is a compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups.


name: parkin-mediated stimulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization

description: A positive regulation of the macromitophagy pathway that is triggered by mitochondrial depolarization and requires the function of a parkin-family molecule.


cellular response to absence of light

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an absence of light stimuli.


response to lectin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lectin stimulus. A lectin is a carbohydrate-binding protein, highly specific for binding sugar moieties.


response to chloramphenicol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chloramphenicol stimulus.


regulation of reproductive process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reproductive process.


response to cortisone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cortisone stimulus. Cortisone is a natural glucocorticoid steroid hormone that is metabolically convertible to cortisol. Cortisone is synthesized from cholesterol in the cortex of the adrenal gland under the stimulation of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). The main physiological effect of cortisone is on carbohydrate metabolism; it can stimulate increased glucose release from the liver, increased liver glycogen synthesis, and decreased utilization of glucose by the tissues.


response to muscle stretch

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a myofibril being extended beyond its slack length.


name: detection of muscle inactivity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

description: The series of events in which a muscle inactivity stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. This occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


name: cellular response to reactive oxygen species

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals.


response to molecule of fungal origin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus by molecules of fungal origin such as chito-octamer oligosaccharide.


name: response to methamphetamine hydrochloride

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methamphetamine hydrochloride stimulus.


name: cellular response to amino acid stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amino acid stimulus. An amino acid is a carboxylic acids containing one or more amino groups.


response to cGMP

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cGMP (cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus.


striated muscle adaptation

description: Any process in which striated muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors. These adaptive events occur in both muscle fibers and associated structures (motoneurons and capillaries), and they involve alterations in regulatory mechanisms, contractile properties and metabolic capacities.


response to quercetin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a quercetin stimulus.


response to non-ionic osmotic stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of non-ionic solutes (e.g. mannitol, sorbitol) in the environment.


cellular response to miconazole

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a miconazole stimulus.


response to acrylamide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acrylamide stimulus.


de-etiolation

description: The greening response of plants grown in the dark (etiolated) as a result of chloroplast biogenesis and the accumulation of chlorophyll.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host phagocytosis

description: A process in which in a symbiont interferes with or inhibits host phagocytosis by targeting phagocytic signaling or the cellular phagocytic machinery. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


tolerance induction in Peyer's patch

description: Tolerance induction taking place in the Peyer's patches.


larval wandering behavior

description: The movement of a third instar larva through a substrate in search of a pupation site. This movement occurs without feeding and is characterized by short bursts of forward movement, separated by stops and repeated side-to-side head probes, followed normally by a change in direction.


cellular response to dithiothreitol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dithiothreitol stimulus.


cellular response to unfolded protein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus.


name: cellular response to differentiation-inducing factor 2

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pentan-1-one stimulus.


muscle atrophy

description: A process, occurring in the muscle, that is characterized by a decrease in protein content, fiber diameter, force production and fatigue resistance in response to different conditions such as starvation, aging and disuse.


cellular response to external stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus.


cellular response to fluoxetine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fluoxetine stimulus. Fluoxetine increases the extracellular level of the neurotransmitter serotonin by inhibiting its reuptake into the presynaptic cell, increasing the level of serotonin available to bind to the postsynaptic receptor.


response to histidine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a histidine stimulus.


name: cellular response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulus. TRH increases the secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone by the anterior pituitary.


response to indole-3-methanol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an indole-3-methanol stimulus.


cellular response to manganese ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a manganese ion stimulus.


name: cellular response to prostaglandin D stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin D stimulus.


chemotropism

description: The movement of an organism, or part of an organism, in response to an external chemical gradient, usually toward or away from it.


name: cellular response to phosphatidylethanolamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phosphatidylethanolamine stimulus.


detection of activity

description: The series of events in which an activity stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


name: detection of hot stimulus involved in thermoception

description: The series of events in which a hot stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of thermoception.


response to nitrogen dioxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrogen dioxide (NO2) stimulus.


response to cadmium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cadmium (Cd) ion stimulus.


response to biphenyl

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biphenyl stimulus.


name: cellular response to arsenic-containing substance

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenic stimulus from compounds containing arsenic, including arsenates, arsenites, and arsenides.


response to L-arginine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-arginine stimulus.


stress response to nickel ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis caused by a nickel ion stimulus.


cellular response to chromate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chromate stimulus.


visual learning

description: Any process in an organism in which a change in behavior of an individual occurs in response to repeated exposure to a visual cue.


associative learning

description: Learning by associating a stimulus (the cause) with a particular outcome (the effect).


adult locomotory behavior

description: Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism.


menstrual cycle phase

description: The progression of physiological phases, occurring in the endometrium during the menstrual cycle that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. The menstrual cycle is an ovulation cycle where the endometrium is shed if pregnancy does not occur.


response to furfural

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a furfural stimulus.


cellular response to leptin stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a leptin stimulus. Leptin is a hormone manufactured primarily in the adipocytes of white adipose tissue, and the level of circulating leptin is directly proportional to the total amount of fat in the body. It plays a key role in regulating energy intake and energy expenditure, including appetite and metabolism.


cellular response to benzoic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a benzoic acid stimulus.


response to endogenous stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus arising within the organism.


name: defense response by cell wall thickening

description: A type of cell wall modification, in which the cell wall is reinforced and made thicker, that occurs as part of the defense response of an organism.


name: intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator

description: The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of osmotic stress, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.


response to lipid hydroperoxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid hydroperoxide stimulus. Lipid hydroperoxide is the highly reactive primary oxygenated products of polyunsaturated fatty acids.


larval behavior

description: Behavior in a larval form of an organism, an immature organism that must undergo metamorphosis to assume adult characteristics.


motor behavior

description: The specific neuromuscular movement of a single organism in response to external or internal stimuli.


name: immune response in gut-associated lymphoid tissue

description: Immune response taking place in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). GALT includes Peyer's patches, appendix, and solitary lymph nodules.


response to pain

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pain stimulus. Pain stimuli cause activation of nociceptors, peripheral receptors for pain, include receptors which are sensitive to painful mechanical stimuli, extreme heat or cold, and chemical stimuli.


name: positive regulation of biological process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule.


response to toxic substance

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus.


response to selenium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from selenium ion.


response to rotenone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a rotenone stimulus.


cellular response to beta-carotene

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a beta-carotene stimulus.


response to cycloheximide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cycloheximide stimulus. Cycloheximide (actidione) is an antibiotic produced by some Streptomyces species which interferes with protein synthesis in eukaryotes.


response to cyclodiene

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyclodiene stimulus. A cyclodiene is any organic insecticide (as dieldrin or chlordane) with a chlorinated methylene group forming a bridge across a 6-membered carbon ring.


response to nitrate starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of nitrate.


response to phylloquinone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phylloquinone (vitamin K1) stimulus.


name: symbiont-mediated evasion of recognition by host complement

description: A process by which a symbiont avoids the effects of recognition by host  complement by altering molecules on the symbiont surface. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


response to L-dopa

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-dopa stimulus.


name: response to phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate stimulus.


response to redox state

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating redox state. Redox state refers to the balance of oxidized versus reduced forms of electron donors and acceptors in an organelle, cell or organ; plastoquinone, glutathione (GSH/GSSG), and nicotinamide nucleotides (NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH) are among the most important.


reproductive process

description: A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents.


response to peptidoglycan

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptidoglycan stimulus. Peptidoglycan is a bacterial cell wall macromolecule.


response to oxygen levels

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of oxygen.


name: Bilateral Synchronous Sporadic Renal Cell Carcinoma

category: biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: Non-hereditary renal cell carcinoma arising from a kidney and detected in the other kidney within six months of the first primary. The majority are clear cell renal cell carcinomas.


Kidney Germ Cell Tumor

description: A rare benign or malignant germ cell tumor that arises from the kidney.


Arteriovenous graft thrombosis

description: Partial or complete occlusion of the lumen of an arteriovenous graft by a thrombus.


name: Refractory Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

description: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia that occurs in childhood and does not respond to treatment.


Mullerian inhibiting factor deficiency

description: A deficiency of the Mullerian inhibiting substance, which is secreted by the Sertoli cells during embryogenesis. It can result in unilateral or bilateral cryptorchidism, testicular regression syndrome and sterility.


Childhood Acute Basophilic Leukemia

description: An acute basophilic leukemia occurring in children.


Sinonasal Solitary Fibrous Tumor

description: A solitary fibrous tumor that arises from the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.


Supernumerary Hemivertebra

description: More than the usual or expected number of hemivertebra.


name: Malignant neoplasm of hypopharynx recurrent

description: The reemergence of a hypopharyngeal malignant neoplasm after a period of remission.


Benign neoplasm of pyriform sinus

description: A neoplasm that arises from the pyriform sinus and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


Neoplasm of pyriform sinus

description: A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the pyriform sinus.


Resectable Carcinoma

description: Carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


name: Resectable Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

description: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Periampullary Adenocarcinoma

description: Periampullary adenocarcinoma that is amenable to surgical removal.


name: Resectable Liver and Intrahepatic Bile Duct Carcinoma

description: Liver carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Merkel Cell Carcinoma

description: Merkel cell carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Digestive System Carcinoma

description: Digestive system carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma

description: Skin squamous cell carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


name: Localized Resectable Adult Liver Carcinoma

description: A localized hepatocellular carcinoma or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that occurs during adulthood and it is amenable to surgical resection.


name: Resectable Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

description: Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck which is amendable to surgical removal.


name: Resectable Ampulla of Vater Adenocarcinoma

description: Ampulla of Vater adenocarcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Appendix Carcinoma

description: Appendix carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Gastric Adenocarcinoma

description: Gastric adenocarcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Endometrial Carcinoma

description: Endometrial carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Skin Carcinoma

description: Skin carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Small intestine carcinoma resectable

description: Carcinoma of the small intestine amendable to resection.


Resectable Colon Carcinoma

description: Colon carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Esophageal Carcinoma

description: Esophageal carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma

description: Gallbladder adenocarcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


name: Localized Resectable Adult Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A localized hepatocellular carcinoma that occurs during adulthood and it is amenable to surgical resection.


name: Resectable Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

description: Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Cervical Carcinoma

description: Cervical carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Carcinoma duodenum resectable

description: Carcinoma of the duodenum amendable to surgical removal.


Resectable Colorectal Carcinoma

description: Colorectal carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Carcinoma liver resectable

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

description: Esophageal adenocarcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


Resectable Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma

description: Bladder urothelial carcinoma that is amenable to surgical resection.


name: Childhood Cerebellar Anaplastic Astrocytoma

description: A cerebellar anaplastic astrocytoma that occurs during childhood.


Stage II Lip Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

description: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor more than 2 cm but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Lower Gingival Verrucous Carcinoma

description: A verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity that arises from the lower gingiva.


name: Verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity recurrent

description: Reemergence of verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity after a period of remission.


Tongue Verrucous Carcinoma

description: A well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma arising from the tongue.  It is an exophytic, warty, slow growing tumor, usually affecting older males. It is associated with the chronic use of smokeless tobacco.


Buccal Mucosa Verrucous Carcinoma

description: A verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity that arises from the buccal mucosa.


Oral Cavity Carcinoma Cuniculatum

description: A variant of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma arising from the oral cavity. It is characterized by the presence of minimal cytological atypia, multiple keratin-filled crypts, and intraepithelial neutrophils.


Upper Gingival Verrucous Carcinoma

description: A verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity that arises from the upper gingiva.


Refractory Hairy Cell Leukemia Variant

description: Hairy cell leukemia variant that is resistant to treatment.


name: HHV-8-Associated Multicentric Castleman Disease

description: Multicentric Castleman disease associated with HHV8 infection.


Sellar Chondroid Chordoma

description: A chondroid chordoma that arises from the sellar region.


Conventional Chordoma

description: A malignant bone tumor arising from the remnants of the fetal notochord. It is characterized by the presence of large epithelioid cells with clear to light eosinophilic cytoplasm. Some of the cells are large with bubbly, vacuolated cytoplasm (physaliphorous cells). The cells form cords and nests that are embedded within an extracellular myxoid matrix.


description: An adenocarcinoma that arises from the sinonasal tract. It is characterized by the absence of features that resemble intestinal adenocarcinoma.


Recurrent Malignant Mastocytosis

description: The reemergence of malignant mastocytosis after a period of remission.


Recurrent Mast Cell Leukemia

description: The reemergence of mast cell leukemia after a period of remission.


Sellar Gangliocytoma

description: A tumor that arises in the sellar region and is characterized by the presence of mature ganglion cells and neuronal differentiation. It is often associated with the presence of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors/adenomas.


Double-Negative Prostate Carcinoma

description: A metastatic, castration-resistant prostate carcinoma that is composed of fibroblast growth factor-driven malignant cells.


name: Castration-Resistant Prostate Carcinoma Refractory to Second-Generation Androgen Receptor Axis-Targeted Agents

description: Castration-resistant prostate carcinoma which is refractory to second-generation androgen receptor axis-targeted agents, namely abiraterone and enzalutamide.


name: Intermediate Atypical Prostate Carcinoma

description: An aggressive, castration-resistant, histologically distinct, metastatic carcinoma arising from the prostate gland. It is characterized by the presence of a pure population of cytologically bland malignant epithelial cells with moderate to abundant cytoplasm and rare mitotic figures. The prognosis is poor.


Aggressive Variant Prostate Carcinoma

description: A lethal form of advanced castration-resistant prostate carcinoma that emerges in the later stages of castration-resistant treatment. It is an adaptive response to androgen receptor pathway inhibition. The morphologic features vary, ranging from poorly differentiated carcinomas to mixed adenocarcinoma-small cell carcinomas to pure small cell carcinomas expressing neuroendocrine markers. Clinically, it manifests with rapidly progressive disease, visceral or lytic bone metastases and bulky tumor masses. Molecular studies have shown the loss of tumor suppressor genes TP53 and RB1.


Advanced Unfavorable Hodgkin Lymphoma

description: An advanced Hodgkin lymphoma with unfavorable prognosis.


Situs inversus thoracis

description: A congenital condition in which there is complete right-to-left reversal of the position of the thoracic organs.


Urethritis Glandularis

description: A reactive inflammatory disorder affecting the urethra.  It is characterized by the development of small cysts in the urethral wall.  The cysts are lined by metaplastic glandular cells.


Dialysis Catheter Tunnel Infection

description: Local infection involving the subcutaneously tunneled portion of a dialysis catheter.


name: Oncocytic Variant of Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma

description: A rare variant of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma that exhibits oncocytoma-like features.


name: Lugano Classification Stage IV Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IV: Diffuse or disseminated involvement of one or more extralymphatic organs, with or without associated lymph node involvement; or noncontiguous extralymphatic organ involvement in conjunction with nodal stage II disease; or any extralymphatic organ involvement in nodal stage III disease. Stage IV includes any involvement of the CSF, bone marrow, liver, or lungs (other than by direct extension in stage IIE disease). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


name: Lugano Classification Stage IV Adult Lymphoma AJCC v8


name: Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IVB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Astrocytoma, Not Otherwise Specified

description: A central nervous system tumor with morphological features of astrocytoma in which there is insufficient information on the IDH genes status.


name: Ciliary Body Benign Teratoid Medulloepithelioma

description: A rare, unilateral, benign embryonal neoplasm typically presenting as a ciliary body mass during childhood. It arises from primitive medullary epithelium and contains heterologous elements, particularly cartilage, skeletal muscle, and brain tissue.


Recurrent Extragonadal Seminoma

description: The reemergence of extragonadal seminoma after a period of remission.


name: Recurrent Malignant Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumor

description: The reemergence of malignant extragonadal germ cell tumor after a period of remission.


name: Recurrent Malignant Extragonadal Nongerminomatous Germ Cell Tumor

description: The reemergence of a malignant extragonadal nongerminomatous germ cell tumor after a period of remission.


Stage IA Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

description: Invasive cervical carcinoma that can be diagnosed only by microscopy, with maximum depth of invasion less than 5 mm. (FIGO 2018)


Stage IA2 Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

description: Cervical carcinoma with measured stromal invasion equal or more than 3 mm and less than 5 mm in depth. (FIGO 2018)


Stage IA1 Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

description: Cervical carcinoma with measured stromal invasion less than 3 mm in depth. (FIGO 2018)


name: Stage I Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v8

description: Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor limited to the pancreas and measuring less than 2 cm. N0: No regional lymph node involvement. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Infiltrating Intramuscular Lipoma

description: An infiltrating lipoma that affects skeletal muscle.  It has a higher rate of local recurrence.


name: Refractory Endometrial Dedifferentiated Carcinoma

description: Endometrial dedifferentiated carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Campylobacter jejuni infection

description: An infection that is caused by Campylobacter jejuni.


Small Intestinal Infection

description: An infectious process affecting the small intestine.


Duodenal Infection

description: An infectious process affecting the duodenum.


Stage IVB Rectal Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1b. M1b: Metastasis to two or more sites or organs without peritoneal metastasis.  (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Cervical Mucinous Adenocarcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified

description: A cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma in which more than 50% of malignant cells contain intracytoplasmic mucin. There is no evidence of gastric, intestinal, or signet ring cell differentiation.


Localized PRETEX IV Hepatoblastoma

description: PRETEX IV hepatoblastoma confined to the liver including regional lymph nodes. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Hepatitis Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma that develops following hepatitis virus exposure and injury of the liver parenchyma.


Stage IIIA Adult Liver Cancer AJCC v7

description: For hepatocellular carcinoma: Stage IIIA includes: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Multiple tumors more than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of liver

description: A low-grade malignant blood vessel neoplasm that arises from the liver.  It is characterized by the presence of epithelioid endothelial cells.  The neoplastic cells are arranged in cords and nests, which are embedded in a myxoid to hyalinized stroma.  Patients may be asymptomatic or present with an abdominal mass, ascites, and jaundice.


name: Stage I Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage I includes: IA (T1a, N0, M0); IB (T1b, N0, M0). T1a: Solitary tumor equal to or less than 5 cm without vascular invasion.  T1b: Solitary tumor larger than 5 cm without vascular invasion. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Unresectable Fibrolamellar Carcinoma

description: A fibrolamellar carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Hepatoblastoma with Pure Fetal Epithelial Differentiation

description: A hepatoblastoma composed of small cells resembling the fetal hepatocytes, forming thin trabeculae.


name: Recurrent Adult Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma that occurs during adulthood and has recurred after a period of remission.


name: Locally Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: Hepatocellular carcinoma that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Hepatoblastoma recurrent

description: The reemergence of hepatoblastoma after a period of remission.


name: Stage IV Childhood Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IV includes: IVA: (Any T, N1, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis.  M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


BCLC Stage 0 Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: Very early hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients are optimal candidates for resection. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


BCLC Stage D Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: End-stage hepatocellular carcinoma.  Patients will receive symptomatic treatment. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


Localized PRETEX III Hepatoblastoma

description: PRETEX III hepatoblastoma confined to the liver including regional lymph nodes. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Adult Liver Carcinoma

description: A hepatocellular carcinoma or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that occurs during adulthood.


Liver Synovial Sarcoma

description: A synovial sarcoma that affects the liver.


Stage IV Liver Cancer

description: Stage IV carcinoma of the liver according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th, 7th, and 8th editions.


Metastatic Fibrolamellar Carcinoma

description: A fibrolamellar carcinoma that has spread from the liver to another anatomic site.


name: Stage III Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage III includes: IIIA: (T3a, N0, M0); IIIB: (T3b, N0, M0); IIIC: (T4, N0, M0). T3a: Multiple tumors more than 5 cm. T3b: Single tumor or multiple tumors of any size involving a major branch of the portal vein or hepatic vein.  T4: Tumors(s) with direct invasion of adjacent organs other than the gallbladder or with perforation of visceral peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Stage IVA Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IVA includes: Any T, N1, M0.  N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


PRETEXT IV Hepatoblastoma

description: An internationally developed presurgical anatomic staging system using imaging techniques: Tumor involves all 4 quadrants; there is no quadrant free of tumor. (from PDQ 2004)


Non-Resectable Malignant Liver Neoplasm

description: A malignant liver neoplasm that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Metastatic liver carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the liver and has spread to another anatomic site.


name: Adult Pleomorphic Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: A pleomorphic hepatocellular carcinoma that occurs during adulthood.


name: Childhood Hepatoblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage, Tier 2

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood hepatoblastoma according to the tier 2 Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2. It includes localized tumors, metastatic tumors, and the PRETEXT system. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Stage IV Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v7


name: BCLC Stage C Adult Hepatocellular Carcinoma

description: Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.  Patients may receive new agents in the setting of randomized controlled trials. (HPB (Oxford) 2005; 7(1):35-41)


name: Stage IV Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v6

description: Stage IV includes (Any T, Any N, M1).  M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Extrarenal Rhabdoid Tumor of the Liver

description: A rare, aggressive primary malignant tumor of the liver that occurs in childhood.  It is characterized by the presence of a diffuse infiltrate of undifferentiated cells with rhabdoid features.


Adult Liver Embryonal Sarcoma

description: An embryonal sarcoma of the liver that occurs during adulthood.


Stage II Liver Cancer

description: Stage II carcinoma of the liver according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 6th, 7th, and 8th editions.


Postsurgical Stage III Hepatoblastoma

description: No distant metastases, tumor unresectable or resected with gross residual tumor, or positive lymph nodes. (from PDQ 2004)


PRETEXT III Hepatoblastoma

description: An internationally developed presurgical anatomic staging system using imaging techniques: Tumor involves 3 adjoining quadrants or 2 nonadjoining quadrants; 1 quadrant or 2 nonadjoining quadrants are free of tumor. (from PDQ 2004)


Refractory Hepatoblastoma

description: Hepatoblastoma that does not respond to treatment.


Uveal Melanoma Metastatic in the Liver

description: A melanoma that originates from melanocytes of the uveal tract and has spread to the liver.


name: Stage II Hepatocellular Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Solitary tumor larger than 2 cm with vascular invasion, or multiple tumors, none larger than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Liver Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: An aggressive, high-grade, and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the liver. It is characterized by the presence of malignant small cells.


name: Stage IV Intrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)