name: platelet activating factor biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of platelet activating factor, 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine, where alkyl = hexadecyl or octadecyl. Platelet activating factor is an inflammatory mediator released from a variety of cells in response to various stimuli.


name: positive regulation of skeletal muscle fiber development

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of skeletal muscle fiber development. Muscle fibers are formed by the maturation of myotubes. They can be classed as slow, intermediate/fast or fast.


name: Congenital anomaly of gastrointestinal tract

category: biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing


name: N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase D activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + N-acyl-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (NAPE) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + an N-acylethanolamine (NAE) + H+.


egg activation

description: The process in which the egg becomes metabolically active, initiates protein and DNA synthesis and undergoes structural changes to its cortex and/or cytoplasm.


Derealization

category: biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: Depersonalization is a subjective experience in which an individual feels a sense of detachment or estrangement from their surroundings, leading to a distorted perception of the external world. It is characterized by a feeling of unreality or unfamiliarity with one's environment, as if things are dreamlike, artificial, or lacking in significance.


epoxide hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an epoxide + H2O = an ethanediol.


bendroflumethiazide

A sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group.


mammalian oogenesis stage

description: A reproductive process that is a step in the formation and maturation of an ovum or female gamete from a primordial female germ cell.


Fractured lower leg

description: Bone fracture anywhere in the tibia, fibula, or ankle.


negative regulation of ERAD pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ERAD pathway.


orbit of skull

category: biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Subdivision of skeleton that is an anterolateral part of the cranium and structurally supports the eye. Includes bones formed and located in sclerotic layer of eyeball.


E-box binding

description: Binding to an E-box, a DNA motif with the consensus sequence CANNTG that is found in the promoters of a wide array of genes expressed in neurons, muscle and other tissues.


name: positive regulation of T cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell death by apoptotic process.


name: negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of natural killer mediated cytotoxicity.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: isopentenyl diphosphate = dimethylallyl diphosphate.


name: regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process.


negative regulation of pinocytosis

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pinocytosis. Pinocytosis is the process in which cells take in liquid material from their external environment; literally 'cell drinking'. Liquid is enclosed in vesicles, formed by invagination of the plasma membrane. These vesicles then move into the cell and pass their contents to endosomes.


Gagging

description: The sudden, coordinated, involuntary contraction of pharyngeal muscles in an attempt to prevent any matter from passing into the posterior pharynx; it is stimulated by touching the posterior palate, tongue, or pharynx, or by psychic stimuli.


hyaluronan synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-glucuronate + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = [beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)](n) + 2n UDP.


name: positive regulation of phospholipid catabolic process

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of phospholipid catabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester.


regulation of CD40 signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the CD40 signaling pathway.


xenobiotic catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a xenobiotic compound, a compound foreign to the organism exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical.


temporalis muscle

description: Pharyngeal arch 1 muscle that is innervated by the deep temporal branches of the trigeminal nerve and attaches to the wall of the braincase (including the cranial vault) and mandible.


name: pancreatic polypeptide receptor activity

description: Combining with pancreatic polypeptide PP to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: regulation of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 production

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5.


permethrin

A cyclopropanecarboxylate ester in which the esterifying alcohol is 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol and the cyclopropane ring is substituted with a 2,2-dichlorovinyl group and with gem-dimethyl groups.


mammary gland formation

description: The process pertaining to the initial formation of the mammary gland from unspecified parts. The process begins with formation of the mammary line and ends when the solid mammary bud invades the primary mammary mesenchyme.


name: positive regulation of stem cell population maintenance

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell population maintenance.


name: negative regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein tyrosine kinase activity.


name: positive regulation of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell.


meiotic chromosome separation

description: The process in which chromosomes are physically detached from each other during meiosis.


name: single-stranded DNA exodeoxyribonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 5' or 3' terminus of a single-stranded DNA molecule.


dTDP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dTDP, deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.


pinocytosis

description: An endocytosis process that results in the uptake of liquid material by cells from their external environment; literally 'cell drinking'. Liquid is enclosed in vesicles, called pinosomes, formed by invagination of the plasma membrane.


acid phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an orthophosphoric monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an acid pH optimum.


name: positive regulation of steroid metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids.


sickle cell anemia

description: Sickle cell anemias are chronic hemolytic diseases that may induce three types of acute accidents: severe anemia, severe bacterial infections, and ischemic vasoocclusive accidents (VOA) caused by sickle-shaped red blood cells obstructing small blood vessels and capillaries. Many diverse complications can occur.


regulation of intestinal absorption

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal absorption.


cellular hypotonic response

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a hypotonic environment, i.e. an environment with a lower concentration of solutes than the organism or cell.


name: voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of an atrial cardiomyocyte contributing to the repolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: regulation of ovarian follicle development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ovarian follicle development.


signaling receptor inhibitor activity

description: Binds to and modulates the activity of a signaling receptor.


intermediate filament binding

description: Binding to an intermediate filament, a distinct elongated structure, characteristically 10 nm in diameter, that occurs in the cytoplasm of higher eukaryotic cells. Intermediate filaments form a fibrous system, composed of chemically heterogeneous subunits and involved in mechanically integrating the various components of the cytoplasmic space.


Hyperextension

description: A finding indicating that joints, muscles, and/or tendons can extend beyond their normal limit.


name: inhibition of neuroepithelial cell differentiation

description: Any process that prevents the activation of neuroepithelial cell differentiation. Neuroepithelial cell differentiation is the process in which epiblast cells acquire specialized features of neuroepithelial cells.


L-histidine transmembrane transport

description: The directed movement of L-histidine across a membrane.


name: cerebellar Purkinje cell layer formation

description: The process that gives rise to the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells.


phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding

description: Binding to a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the addition of a phosphate group to an inositol lipid at the 3' position of the inositol ring.


endocarditis

description: Inflammation of the endocardium.


exosome (RNase complex)

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A ribonuclease complex that has 3-prime to 5-prime exoribonuclease activity and possibly endoribonuclease activity, producing 5-prime-phosphomonoesters. Participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events preventing nuclear export and/or translation of aberrant RNAs. Restricted to processing linear and circular single-stranded RNAs (ssRNA) only. RNAs with complex secondary structures may have to be unwound or pre-processed by co-factors prior to entering the complex, esp if the 3-prime end is structured.


protein localization to cell junction

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a cell junction.


name: amine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of amines, including polyamines, from one side of a membrane to the other. Amines are organic compounds that are weakly basic in character and contain an amino (-NH2) or substituted amino group.


omegasome membrane

description: Any membrane that is part of an omegasome.


name: nuclear origin of replication recognition complex

description: A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome in the nucleus.


pericentriolar material

description: A network of small fibers that surrounds the centrioles in cells; contains the microtubule nucleating activity of the centrosome.


ESCRT-0 complex

description: A protein complex required for the recycling of Golgi proteins, formation of lumenal membranes and sorting of ubiquitinated proteins into those membranes. This complex includes Vps1p and Hse1p in yeast and the Hrs and STAM proteins in mammals.


phenol

An organic hydroxy compound that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxy substituent. The parent of the class of phenols.


prostate gland growth

description: The increase in size or mass of the prostate gland where the increase in size or mass has the specific outcome of the progression of the gland, from its formation to its mature state.


glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose 6-phosphate, a monophosphorylated derivative of glucose with the phosphate group attached to C-6.


superior cervical ganglion

category: biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Trunk ganglion which is bilaterally paired and located at the anterior end of the sympathetic ganglion chain.


name: positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of membrane protein ectodomain peptidolysis.


nonassociative learning

description: A simple form of learning whereby the repeated presence of a stimulus leads to a change in the probability or strength of the response to that stimulus. There is no association of one type of stimulus with another, rather it is a generalized response to the environment.


name: regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein response

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the PERK-mediated unfolded protein response.


name: negative regulation of glycogen (starch) synthase activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glycogen (starch) synthase activity.


name: response to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus.


name: negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the proliferation of neuroblasts.


name: positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell proliferation.


microautophagy

description: A type of autophagy where cytosolic components are ingested by late endosomes, lysosomes or yeast-type lytic vacuoles by direct invagination of the compartment membrane without prior sequestration into an autophagosome. The engulfing membranes fuse, resulting in the lysosomal delivery of the cargo wrapped in a single membrane derived from the invaginated lysosomal membrane.


name: plasma membrane bounded cell projection cytoplasm

description: All of the contents of a plasma membrane bounded cell projection, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the projection.


name: temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome

description: A common disorder noted with jaw movement. It may be caused by malocclusion, repetitive use injury, trauma or arthritis. It is more prevalent among females between their second and fourth decades. Clinical signs include preauricular pain, temporomandibular joint clicking (as the mandibular condyle slips from the articulation made with the capsular disk and temporal bone) and restriction of jaw motion. Clinical course is typically benign but may progress to associated headaches, ear and neck pain, tinnitus and dislocation of temporomandibular joint. Prognosis is favorable as a majority of cases will respond to conservative management.


median nerve

description: A nerve of the arm that originates from the brachial plexus and is formed from parts of the medial and lateral cords of the brachial plexus, and continues down the arm to enter the forearm with the brachial artery. It originates from the brachial plexus with roots from C5, C6, C7, C8 & T1.


interleukin-6 binding

description: Binding to interleukin-6.


thymine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thymine, 5-methyluracil, one of the two major pyrimidine bases present (as thymidine) in DNA but not found in RNA other than (as ribothymidine) in transfer RNA, where it is a minor base.


response to redox state

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating redox state. Redox state refers to the balance of oxidized versus reduced forms of electron donors and acceptors in an organelle, cell or organ; plastoquinone, glutathione (GSH/GSSG), and nicotinamide nucleotides (NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH) are among the most important.


irritant dermatitis

description: An inflammatory skin condition caused by direct contact between the skin and an irritating substance. It is typically manifested by erythema, mild edema, and scaling at the affected site.


5'-3' exonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 5' end.


name: monosaccharide transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a monosaccharide from one side of a membrane to the other.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a deoxyribonucleotide, a compound consisting of deoxyribonucleoside (a base linked to a deoxyribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.


alkaline phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphate monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate, with an alkaline pH optimum.


cell-cell adhesion mediated by integrin

description: The attachment of one cell to another cell via an integrin, a heterodimeric adhesion receptor formed by the non-covalent association of particular alpha and beta subunits.


U4 snRNP

description: A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U4, a heptameric ring of Sm proteins, as well as several proteins that are unique to the U4 snRNP, most of which remain associated with the U4 snRNA both while the U4 snRNP is free or assembled into the U4/U6 snRNP or into a series of spliceosomal complexes.


name: positive regulation of protein homodimerization activity

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein homodimerization, interacting selectively with an identical protein to form a homodimer.


name: positive regulation of late endosome to lysosome transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of late endosome to lysosome transport.


synaptic cleft

description: The narrow gap that separates the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes, into which neurotransmitter is released.


name: G protein-coupled purinergic nucleotide receptor activity

description: Combining with a purine nucleotide and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage

description: Bleeding originating in the retroperitoneal area.


endodermal cell fate commitment

description: The cell differentiation process that results in commitment of a cell to become part of the endoderm.


purine ribonucleotide catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.


regulation of vacuolar transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vacuolar transport.


homoserine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving homoserine, alpha-amino-gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cystathionine, threonine and methionine.


name: positive regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell differentiation.


cardiac conduction defect

description: The heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating resulting in death within a short time period (generally within 1 h of symptom onset).


name: cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulator activity

description: Modulation of the activity of the enzyme cAMP-dependent protein kinase.


anterior commissure morphogenesis

description: Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in one half of the cerebral cortex towards target cells in the contralateral half. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the anterior commissure, a small midline fiber tract that lies at the anterior end of the corpus callosum.


tropomyosin binding

description: Binding to tropomyosin, a protein associated with actin filaments both in cytoplasm and, in association with troponin, in the thin filament of striated muscle.


diacylglycerol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diacylglycerol, a glyceride in which any two of the R groups (positions not specified) are acyl groups while the remaining R group can be either H or an alkyl group.


name: negative regulation of inner ear auditory receptor cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of auditory hair cell differentiation.


alpha-1,4-glucosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-(1->4)-linked alpha-D-glucose residues with release of alpha-D-glucose.


Hypopnea

description: Hypopnea is referring to breathing that is abnormally shallow.


name: negative regulation of purine nucleotide biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of purine nucleotide biosynthetic processes.


septin cytoskeleton organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising septin complexes and their associated proteins.


formamide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving formamide, the simplest amide, HCONH2, derived from formic acid.


dopamine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.


name: positive regulation of transcription by glucose

description: Any process involving glucose that activates or increases the rate of transcription.


myosin light chain binding

description: Binding to a light chain of a myosin complex.


nucleoside kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nucleoside = ADP + nucleoside monophosphate.


Asphyxia

description: A state of general hypoxia and hypercapnea, resulting in acidosis, which affects all tissues in the body.


name: positive regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity

description: A process that increases long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers.


response to morphine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a morphine stimulus. Morphine is an opioid alkaloid, isolated from opium, with a complex ring structure.


name: positive regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA-templated DNA replication.


viral respiratory tract infection

description: A respiratory tract infection caused by a virus. Viruses represent the most common causes of upper and lower respiratory tract infections and include rhinoviruses, influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus.


purine ribonucleoside salvage

description: Any process which produces a purine nucleoside from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


sympathetic ganglion development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a sympathetic ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


response to alkaline pH

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pH stimulus with pH > 7. pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.


name: U2-type post-mRNA release spliceosomal complex

description: A spliceosomal complex that is formed following the release of the spliced product from the post-spliceosomal complex and contains the excised intron and the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs.


name: positive regulation of protein kinase C signaling

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase C, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound.


Notch receptor processing

description: The series of successive proteolytic cleavages of the Notch protein, which result in an active form of the receptor.


cGMP binding

description: Binding to cGMP, the nucleotide cyclic GMP (guanosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate).


name: positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by the fusion of the plasma membranes of two or more individual cells.


negative regulation of gluconeogenesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gluconeogenesis.


name: regulation of mononuclear cell migration

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of mononuclear cell migration. Mononuclear cell migration is the movement of a mononuclear cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


regulation of AMPA receptor activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of AMPA selective glutamate receptor activity.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylserine + H2O = 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine + fatty acid.


positive regulation of neuron migration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron migration.


Tooth Infection

description: An infectious process affecting a tooth.


gastric juice

description: The digestive secretions of the gastric glands in the stomach, consisting mainly of pepsin, hydrochloric acid, rennin, and mucin.


hyaluronan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.


name: negative regulation of T cell cytokine production

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of T cell cytokine production.


name: negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process.


Decreased Breath Sounds

description: Diminished breath sounds noted during auscultation.


name: cellular response to prostaglandin D stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin D stimulus.


regulation of endocrine process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an endocrine process, a process involving the secretion of or response to endocrine hormones. An endocrine hormone is a hormone released into the circulatory system.


name: positive regulation of protein oxidation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein oxidation.


MHC class I peptide loading complex

description: A large, multisubunit complex which consists of the MHC class I-beta 2 microglobulin dimer, the transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP), tapasin (an MHC-encoded membrane protein), the chaperone calreticulin and the thiol oxidoreductase ERp57. Functions in the assembly of peptides with newly synthesized MHC class I molecules.


keratoacanthoma

description: A dome-shaped, rapidly growing skin lesion composed of well differentiated squamous cells. It represents a proliferation of the infundibular epithelium of the hair follicle and its morphologic distinction from a well differentiated carcinoma may be difficult or impossible. Keratoacanthomas affect males more frequently than females and the majority tend to regress spontaneously. It has been suggested that keratoacanthoma represents a distinct subtype of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin.


name: negative regulation of macrophage differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation.


name: regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation. Macrophage derived foam cell differentiation is the process in which a macrophage acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3',5'-cyclic GMP + H2O = GMP + H+.


epoxygenase P450 pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways by which arachidonic acid is converted to other compounds including epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids.


mitochondrial DNA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving mitochondrial DNA.


TBP-class protein binding

description: Binding to a member of the class of TATA-binding proteins (TBP), including any of the TBP-related factors (TRFs).


Prolonged bleeding time

description: Prolongation of the time taken for a standardized skin cut of fixed depth and length to stop bleeding.


IMP dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: inosine 5'-phosphate + NAD+ + H2O = xanthosine 5'-phosphate + NADH + H+.


name: regulation of hydrogen peroxide-mediated programmed cell death

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hydrogen peroxide-mediated programmed cell death.


name: positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oxidoreductase activity, the catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered.


ethanol

A primary alcohol that is ethane in which one of the hydrogens is substituted by a hydroxy group.


Multiple congenital anomalies

description: The presence of multiple congenital malformations in a patient.


name: calcitriol biosynthetic process from calciol

description: Conversion of vitamin D3 from its largely inactive form (calciol, also called cholecalciferol) into a hormonally active form (calcitriol). Conversion requires 25-hydroxylation of calciol in the liver to form calcidiol, and subsequent 1,alpha-hydroxylation of calcidiol in the kidney to form calcitriol.


Pulmonary mass

description: A mass in the lung seen on chest imaging is defined as an opacity greater than 3 cm in diameter (without regard to contour, border, or density characteristics).


name: phosphatidylinositol phosphate phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol phosphate(n) + H2O = phosphatidylinositol phosphate(n-1) + phosphate. This reaction is the removal of a phosphate group from a phosphatidylinositol phosphate.


observational learning

description: Learning that occurs through observing the behavior of others.


name: positive regulation of meiotic nuclear division

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of meiosis.


junctional membrane complex

description: Complex formed in muscle cells between the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and invaginations of the plasma membrane (T-tubules).


name: glycerol transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of glycerol from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycerol is 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids.


name: regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development.


NADPH oxidation

description: A metabolic process that results in the oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADPH, to the oxidized form, NADP.


name: positive regulation of B cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation.


epiphysiolysis of the hip

description: Epiphysiolysis of the hip is a rare osteonecrosis disorder characterized by unilateral or bilateral disruption of the capital femoral physis with varying degrees of posterior epiphysis translation and simultaneous anterior metaphysis displacement. Patients typically present in pre-adolescence/adolescence with pain of variable intensity in varying locations (hip, groin, thigh, knee).


Fear (Mental Process)

category: biolink:Behavior biolink:OntologyClass biolink:ActivityAndBehavior biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent


name: peptide-methionine (S)-S-oxide reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reactions: peptide-L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = peptide-L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + thioredoxin, and L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + thioredoxin. Can act on oxidized methionine in peptide linkage with specificity for the S enantiomer. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-proline + NADP+ = 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + NADPH + H+.


name: positive regulation of lamellipodium organization

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lamellipodium organization.


chorio-allantoic fusion

description: The cell-cell adhesion process in which the cells of the chorion fuse to the cells of the allantois.


negative regulation of cilium assembly

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cilium assembly.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: dolichyl phosphate D-mannose + protein = dolichyl phosphate + O-D-mannosylprotein.


meiotic DNA recombinase assembly

description: During meiosis, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) to form higher order oligomers on single-stranded DNA.


ether lipid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ether lipids, lipids that contain (normally) one lipid alcohol in ether linkage to one of the carbon atoms (normally C-1) of glycerol.


Cul5-RING ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul5 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by an elongin-BC adaptor and a SOCS/BC box protein.


response to misfolded protein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a misfolded protein stimulus.


TOLERANCE DEVELOPMENT

category: biolink:PhysiologicalProcess biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent


description: Binding to phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 3' and 4' positions.


Bleeding from anus

description: Bleeding originating from the anal area.


name: negative regulation of purine nucleotide catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleotides.


name: regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of complement-dependent cytotoxicity.


name: regulation of establishment of protein localization to chromosome

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein to a specific location on a chromosome.


choline transport

description: The directed movement of choline into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.


name: response to stimulus involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. This occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


endometrial carcinoma

description: A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium that lines the cavity of the uterine body. The vast majority of endometrial carcinomas are adenocarcinomas; squamous cell and adenosquamous carcinomas represent a minority of the cases. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma is the most frequently seen variant of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Uterine bleeding is an initial clinical sign. The prognosis depends on the stage of the tumor, the depth of myometrial wall invasion, and the degree of differentiation.


adenohypophysis development

description: The progression of the adenohypophysis over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The adenohypophysis is the anterior part of the pituitary. It secretes a variety of hormones and its function is regulated by the hypothalamus.


symmetric synapse

description: A synapse that lacks an electron dense postsynaptic specialization. In vertebtrates, these occur primarily on dendrite shafts and neuronal cell bodies and involve persynapses containing clusters of predominantly flattened or elongated vesicles and are typically inhibitory.


name: regulation of protein localization to chromosome, telomeric region

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to chromosome, telomeric region.


Cutaneous cyst

description: A hollow mass located in the skin that is surrounded by an epithelium-lined wall and is well demarcated from the adjacent tissue. Cysts are often said to be sac-like and may contain serous liquid or semisolid material.


vacuole fusion

description: Merging of two or more vacuoles, or of vacuoles and vesicles within a cell to form a single larger vacuole.


prefoldin complex

description: A multisubunit chaperone that is capable of delivering unfolded proteins to cytosolic chaperonin, which it acts as a cofactor for. In humans, the complex is a heterohexamer of two PFD-alpha and four PFD-beta type subunits. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it also acts in the nucleus to regulate the rate of elongation by RNA polymerase II via a direct effect on histone dynamics.


autophagy of peroxisome

description: The process in which peroxisomes are delivered to a type of vacuole and degraded in response to changing nutrient conditions.


Mre11 complex

description: Trimeric protein complex that possesses endonuclease activity; involved in meiotic recombination, DNA repair and checkpoint signaling. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the complex comprises Mre11p, Rad50p, and Xrs2p; complexes identified in other species generally contain proteins orthologous to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins.


name: positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of gamma-aminobutyric acid.


sulfasalazine

An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.


regulation of vasculogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vasculogenesis.


nucleolar ribonuclease P complex

description: A ribonuclease P complex located in the nucleolus of a eukaryotic cell, where it catalyzes the 5' endonucleolytic cleavage of precursor tRNAs to yield mature tRNAs. Eukaryotic nucleolar ribonuclease P complexes generally contain a single RNA molecule that is necessary but not sufficient for catalysis, and several protein molecules.


Obstipation

description: Obstipation is the inability to pass either stool or flatus (gas).


name: negative regulation of cardiac muscle tissue development

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue development.


name: histone acetyltransferase regulator activity

description: Binds to and modulates the activity of histone acetyltransferase.


response to yeast

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a yeast species.


disseminated intravascular coagulation

description: A pathological process where the blood starts to coagulate throughout the whole body. This depletes the body of its platelets and coagulation factors, and there is an increased risk of hemorrhage.


name: protein transport into plasma membrane raft

description: The directed movement of a protein into a plasma membrane raft.


potassium ion binding

description: Binding to a potassium ion (K+).


name: positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade.


Adenocarcinoma of lung, stage I

description: Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0); (T1b, N0, M0) and IB: (T2a, N0, M0).  T1a: Lung cancer with a tumor size of 2 cm or less n greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus). The uncommon superficial tumor of any size with its invasive component limited to the bronchial wall, which may extend proximal to the main bronchus, is also classified as T1a.  T1b: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 2 cm but 3 cm or less in greatest dimension, surrounded by lung or visceral pleura and without bronchoscopic evidence of invasion more proximal than the lobar bronchus (i.e., not in the main bronchus).  T2a: Lung cancer with a tumor size more than 3 cm but 5 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


pseudolymphoma

description: A neoplastic process that resembles a malignant lymphoma, but has a benign course.


glycoprotein catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide.


elastic fiber

description: An supramolecular fiber that consists of an insoluble core of polymerized tropoelastin monomers and a surrounding mantle of microfibrils. Elastic fibers provide elasticity and recoiling to tissues and organs, and maintain structural integrity against mechanical strain.


telomere maintenance via recombination

description: Any recombinational process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length.


histone H3K4 demethylase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from a modified lysine residue at position 4 of the histone H3 protein.


circadian behavior

description: The specific behavior of an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.


regulation of apoptotic cell clearance

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic cell clearance.


name: negative regulation of transcription of nucleolar large rRNA by RNA polymerase I

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription of nuclear large rRNA transcript mediated by RNA polymerase I.


regulation of corticotropin secretion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of corticotropic hormone from a cell.


telomeric 3' overhang formation

description: The formation of the single stranded telomeric 3' overhang, a conserved feature that ranges in length from 12 nt in budding yeast to approximately 500 nt in humans.


ketamine

A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.


defense response to tumor cell

description: Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a tumor cell that act to protect the cell or organism.


Tat protein binding

description: Binding to Tat, a viral transactivating regulatory protein from the human immunodeficiency virus, or the equivalent protein from another virus.


name: intracellular monoatomic anion homeostasis

description: A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of monoatomic anions within a cell. Monatomic anions (also called simple anions) are anions consisting of exactly one atom.


name: negative regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, the process in which cytochrome c is enabled to move from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is an early step in apoptosis and leads to caspase activation.


name: sulfur amino acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of sulfur amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Sulphur amino acids contain sulfur in the form of cystine, methionine or their derivatives.


name: Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A type of non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway in which Wnt binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell results in the activation small G proteins such as Rho, Rac, and Cdc42 which, in turn activate effectors, including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and Rho kinase (Rok). The signaling ends with change in the transcription of target genes and/or reorganisation of the cytoskeleton.


Loss of eyelashes

description: This term refers to the loss of eyelashes that were previously present.


response to methylmercury

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methylmercury stimulus.


translation preinitiation complex

description: A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the small ribosomal subunit, a translation initiation ternary complex (i.e. an initiator tRNA, GTP, and an IF2 or eIF2 complex), and an mRNA.


name: calcium activated galactosylceramide scrambling

description: The movement of a population of galactosylceramide molecules from one leaflet of the plasma membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet as a result of a calcium stimulus.


name: arginine biosynthetic process via ornithine

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arginine (2-amino-5-guanidinopentanoic acid) via the intermediate compound ornithine.


mitotic spindle midzone

description: The area in the center of the anaphase spindle consisting of microtubules, microtubule bundling factors and kinesin motors where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap in an antiparallel manner.


name: NMDA selective glutamate receptor complex

description: An assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex. NMDA receptors are composed of assemblies of NR1 subunits (Figure 3) and NR2 subunits, which can be one of four separate gene products (NR2A-D). Expression of both subunits are required to form functional channels. The glutamate binding domain is formed at the junction of NR1 and NR2 subunits. NMDA receptors are permeable to calcium ions as well as being permeable to other ions. Thus NMDA receptor activation leads to a calcium influx into the post-synaptic cells, a signal thought to be crucial for the induction of NMDA-receptor dependent LTP and LTD.


name: proton-transporting V-type ATPase complex

description: A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that couples ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient. The resulting transmembrane electrochemical potential of H+ is used to drive a variety of (i) secondary active transport systems via H+-dependent symporters and antiporters and (ii) channel-mediated transport systems. The complex comprises a membrane sector (V0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (V1) that catalyzes ATP hydrolysis. V-type ATPases are found in the membranes of organelles such as vacuoles, endosomes, and lysosomes, and in the plasma membrane.


kinin cascade

description: A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell that occur as a result of by-products of tissue damage, including collagen, cartilage, and basement membrane. The ultimate product of the kinin cascade include kallidin and bradykinin, agents known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability.


name: positive regulation of muscle adaptation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle adaptation.


poly(A) binding

description: Binding to a sequence of adenylyl residues in an RNA molecule, such as the poly(A) tail, a sequence of adenylyl residues at the 3' end of eukaryotic mRNA.


Postoperative Hemorrhage

description: Bleeding occurring after completion of a surgical procedure, which may occur immediately or may be delayed, and which may or may not be wound related.


Diminished mental health

description: A reduction in the subjective feeling of mental well being.


Chemosis

description: Edema (swelling) of the bulbar conjunctiva.


neurotrophin receptor activity

description: Combining with a neurotrophin, any of a family of growth factors that prevent apoptosis in neurons and promote nerve growth, and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: trigeminal nerve structural organization

description: The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the oculomotor nerve. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The trigeminal nerve is composed of three large branches. They are the ophthalmic (V1, sensory), maxillary (V2, sensory) and mandibular (V3, motor and sensory) branches. The sensory ophthalmic branch travels through the superior orbital fissure and passes through the orbit to reach the skin of the forehead and top of the head. The maxillary nerve contains sensory branches that reach the pterygopalatine fossa via the inferior orbital fissure (face, cheek and upper teeth) and pterygopalatine canal (soft and hard palate, nasal cavity and pharynx). The motor part of the mandibular branch is distributed to the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric. The mandibular nerve also innervates the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles. The sensory part of the mandibular nerve is composed of branches that carry general sensory information from the mucous membranes of the mouth and cheek, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, lower teeth, skin of the lower jaw, side of the head and scalp and meninges of the anterior and middle cranial fossae.


L-methionine salvage

description: Any process that generates L-methionine from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


nucleotide-sugar biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleotide-sugars, any nucleotide-carbohydrate in which the distal phosphoric residue of a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate is in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative.


name: regulation of phospholipid translocation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the translocation, or flipping, of phospholipid molecules from one monolayer of a membrane bilayer to the opposite monolayer.


regulation of nervous system process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a neurophysiological process, an organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the nervous system.


multi-layer follicle stage

description: The stage in oogenesis when many layers of follicle cells surround the oocyte. There is a yolk nucleus (Balbiani's Body) near the germinal vesicle.


collagen type VI trimer

description: A collagen heterotrimer containing type VI alpha chains in alpha1(VI)alpha2(VI)alpha3(VI) trimers; type VI collagen triple helices associate to form beaded fibrils.


tetraspanin-enriched microdomain

description: A pre-organized unit composed either of adhesion molecules (mainly integrins and members of the Ig superfamily), signaling receptors and/or enzyme-enriched plasma membrane domains that compartmentalizes cellular processes. Tetraspanin-enriched microdomains might be specially suited for the regulation of avidity of adhesion receptors and the compartmentalization of enzymatic activities.


metastatic carcinoma

description: A carcinoma which has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Foot dorsiflexor weakness

description: Weakness of the muscles responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot, that is, of the movement of the toes towards the shin. The foot dorsiflexors include the tibialis anterior, the extensor hallucis longus, the extensor digitorum longus, and the peroneus tertius muscles.


steroid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus.


Inguinal hernia

description: Protrusion of the contents of the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal.


endogenous lipid antigen binding

description: Binding to an endogenous cellular lipid antigen.


name: imidazole-containing compound metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving imidazoles, five-membered organic heterocycle containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3, or any of its derivatives; compounds containing an imidazole skeleton.


receptor antagonist activity

description: The activity of a gene product that interacts with a receptor to decrease the ability of the receptor agonist to bind and activate the receptor.


apoptotic DNA fragmentation

description: The cleavage of DNA during apoptosis, which usually occurs in two stages: cleavage into fragments of about 50 kbp followed by cleavage between nucleosomes to yield 200 bp fragments.


trachea cartilage development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the tracheal cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.


bladder neck obstruction

description: Blockage of the opening between the bladder and the urethra resulting in the reduction or prevention of the urine flow from the bladder into the urethra.


Moon facies

description: A rounded, puffy face with fat deposits in the temporal fossa and cheeks, a double chin.


Laryngeal Hemorrhage

description: Bleeding originating from the larynx.


plasma membrane repair

description: The resealing of a cell plasma membrane after cellular wounding due to, for instance, mechanical stress.


name: regulation of synaptic vesicle clustering

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle clustering.


histone kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group to a histone.


regulation of rRNA processing

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of rRNA processing.


establishment of spindle localization

description: The directed movement of the spindle to a specific location in the cell.


name: pyrimidine nucleoside diphosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyrimidine nucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a pyrimidine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar.


nuclear pore complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a nuclear pore complex.


threonine-type peptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile.


seborrheic keratosis

description: A common benign skin neoplasm usually affecting older individuals. The lesions usually are multiple and arise in the face, chest, and shoulders. They appear as black or brown, slightly elevated skin lesions.


cellular response to manganese ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a manganese ion stimulus.


name: protein localization to photoreceptor outer segment

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a photoreceptor outer segment.


name: positive regulation of post-transcriptional gene silencing

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inactivation of gene expression by a posttranscriptional mechanism.


name: negative regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acid.


macrocytic anemia

description: Anemia that is characterized by increased red blood cell volume.


serine transport

description: The directed movement of L-serine, 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


Premature rupture of membranes

description: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a condition which occurs in pregnancy when the amniotic sac ruptures more than an hour before the onset of labor.


name: Liver enzymes level above reference range


name: positive regulation of neuroepithelial cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuroepithelial cell differentiation.


chitin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues.


regulation of NADP metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of NADP metabolic process.


mutism

description: The inability to generate oral-verbal expression, despite normal comprehension of speech. This may be associated with brain diseases or mental disorders. Organic mutism may be associated with damage to the frontal lobe; brain stem; thalamus; and cerebellum. Selective mutism is a psychological condition that usually affects children characterized by continuous refusal to speak in social situations by a child who is able and willing to speak to selected persons. Kussmal aphasia refers to mutism in psychosis.


name: testosterone dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: testosterone + NAD+ = androst-4-ene-3,17-dione + NADH.


alkane 1-monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O.


name: negative regulation of organic acid transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of organic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: positive regulation of thymocyte migration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of thymocyte migration.


lopinavir

A dicarboxylic acid diamide that is amphetamine is substituted on nitrogen by a (2,6-dimethylphenoxy)acetyl group and on the carbon alpha- to nitrogen by a (1S,3S)-1-hydroxy-3-{[(2S)-3-methyl-2-(2-oxotetrahydropyrimidin-1-yl)butanoyl]amino}-4-phenylbutyl group. An antiretroviral of the protease inhibitor class, it is used against HIV infections as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, ritonavir.


xerophthalmia

description: Dryness of the eye due to inadequate production of tears. Causes include vitamin A deficiency, Sjogren syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and scleroderma.


name: tRNA threonylcarbamoyladenosine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving tRNA threonylcarbamoyladenosine, a modified nucleoside found in some tRNA molecules.


name: positive regulation of DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity.


pericentric heterochromatin

description: Heterochromatin that is located adjacent to the CENP-A rich centromere 'central core' and characterized by methylated H3 histone at lysine 9 (H3K9me2/H3K9me3).


name: actin polymerization-dependent cell motility

description: A process involved in the controlled movement of a bacterial cell powered by the continuous polymerization of actin at one pole of the cell.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate + ADP + H+.


name: extracellularly glutamate-gated chloride channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when glutamate is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.


neural plate regionalization

description: The pattern specification process that results in the subdivision of an axis or axes of the neural plate in space to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place or in which cells interpret a specific environment.


name: 3-beta-hydroxy-delta5-steroid dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-beta-hydroxy-delta(5)-steroid + NAD+ = a 3-oxo-delta(5)-steroid + NADH + H+. Also acts on on 3-beta-hydroxypregn-5-en-20-one to form progesterone.


name: regulation of receptor catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of receptor catabolic process.


Homicidal Ideation

description: Thinking about ending or making plans to end another's life.


stereocilium tip

description: A distinct compartment at the tip of a stereocilium, distal to the site of attachment to the apical cell surface. It consists of a dense matrix bridging the barbed ends of the stereocilium actin filaments with the overlying plasma membrane, is dynamic compared to the shaft, and is required for stereocilium elongation.


ribonuclease III complex

description: A protein complex which is capable of ribonuclease III activity.


name: adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: regulation of integrin-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of integrin-mediated signaling pathway.


C-C chemokine receptor activity

description: Combining with a C-C chemokine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. C-C chemokines do not have an amino acid between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four-cysteine motif.


name: calcium-dependent protein kinase regulator activity

description: Modulates the activity of a calcium-dependent protein kinase, an enzyme which phosphorylates a protein in a calcium-dependent manner.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate.


name: negative regulation of calcium-mediated signaling

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-mediated signaling.


RNA (guanine-N7)-methylation

description: The addition of a methyl group to the N7 atom in the base portion of a guanine nucleotide residue in an RNA molecule.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, disulfide as acceptor

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a disulfide.


ectoderm formation

description: The formation of ectoderm during gastrulation.


name: cytoplasmic sequestering of transcription factor

description: The selective interaction of a transcription factor with specific molecules in the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting its translocation into the nucleus.


non-Hodgkin lymphoma

description: Distinct from Hodgkin lymphoma both morphologically and biologically, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is characterized by the absence of Reed-Sternberg cells, can occur at any age, and usually presents as a localized or generalized lymphadenopathy associated with fever and weight loss. The clinical course varies according to the morphologic type. NHL is clinically classified as indolent, aggressive, or having a variable clinical course. NHL can be of B-or T-/NK-cell lineage.


name: regulation of apoptotic process involved in development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in development.


name: positive regulation of dipeptide transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dipeptide transport.


name: negative regulation of interleukin-8 production

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production.


dicarboxylic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing two carboxyl (-COOH) groups.


regulation of mucus secretion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of mucus from a cell or a tissue.


ribosomal protein import into nucleus

description: The directed movement of a ribosomal protein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane. At least some ribosomal proteins, including rpl12, uses the importin 11 pathway as a major route into the nucleus.


name: nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity

description: Binds to and modulates the activity of nitric oxide synthase.


name: positive regulation of skeletal muscle cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell proliferation.


malonyl-CoA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving malonyl-CoA, the S-malonyl derivative of coenzyme A.


name: low-density lipoprotein particle receptor activity

description: Combining with a low-density lipoprotein particle and delivering the low-density lipoprotein particle into the cell via endocytosis.


name: negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta1 production

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of production of transforming growth factor-beta1.


male germ-line sex determination

description: The determination of sex and sexual phenotype in a male organism's germ line.


Fungemia

description: A laboratory test result indicating the presence of fungi or yeasts in the blood.


perichromatin fibrils

description: Structures of variable diameter visible in the nucleoplasm by electron microscopy, mainly observed near the border of condensed chromatin. The fibrils are enriched in RNA, and are believed to be sites of pre-mRNA splicing and polyadenylylation representing the in situ form of nascent transcripts.


name: purine ribonucleotide transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a purine ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine ribonucleoside (a purine organic base attached to a ribose sugar) esterified with (ortho)phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: positive regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining.


name: nuclear receptor-mediated mineralocorticoid signaling pathway

description: A nuclear receptor-mediated signaling pathway initiated by a mineralocorticoid binding to an intracellular receptor of the nuclear receptor protein family, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


embryonic foregut morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the foregut are generated and organized, during the embryonic phase.


regulation of prostaglandin secretion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a prostaglandin from a cell.


name: negative regulation of cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus.


guanylate kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + GMP = ADP + GDP.


meiotic cohesin complex

description: A cohesin complex that mediates sister chromatid cohesion during meiosis; has a subunit composition distinct from that of the mitotic cohesin complex.


DNA-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to a DNA molecule.


regulation of necroptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a necroptotic process, a necrotic cell death process that results from the activation of endogenous cellular processes, such as signaling involving death domain receptors or Toll-like receptors.


bambuterol

A carbamate ester that is terbutaline in which both of the phenolic hydroxy groups have been protected as the corresponding N,N-dimethylcarbamates. A long acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma, it is a prodrug for terbutaline.


neuroma

description: A tumor that grows from a nerve or is composed of nerve cells and nerve fibers.


name: regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining.


glial cell fate specification

description: The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a glial cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


brain morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the brain are generated and organized. The brain is one of the two components of the central nervous system and is the center of thought and emotion. It is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.).


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + protein = UDP + 4-N-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-protein.


troponin T binding

description: Binding to troponin T, the tropomyosin-binding subunit of the troponin complex.


regulation of renal sodium excretion

description: Any process that modulates the amount of sodium excreted in urine over a unit of time.


hypotonic response

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a hypotonic environment, i.e. an environment with a lower concentration of solutes than the organism or cell.


ketone body biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ketone bodies, any one of the three substances: acetoacetate, D-3-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) or acetone. Biosynthesis involves the formation of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA, which is cleaved to acetate and acetyl-CoA.


Abnormal urinary color

description: An abnormal color of the urine, that is, the color of the urine appears different from the usual straw-yellow color.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a branched-chain amino acid + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate + a 2-oxocarboxylate derived from the branched-chain amino acid.


hypoxanthine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving hypoxanthine, 6-hydroxy purine, an intermediate in the degradation of adenylate. Its ribonucleoside is known as inosine and its ribonucleotide as inosinate.


L-serine transport

description: The directed movement of L-serine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: positive regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the adenosine receptor signaling pathway. The adenosine receptor pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adenosine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


interstitial matrix

description: A type of extracellular matrix found in interstitial connective tissue, characterized by the presence of fibronectins, proteoglycans, and types I, III, V, VI, VII and XII collagens.


plasminogen activation

description: The process in which inactive plasminogen is processed to active plasmin. This process includes cleavage at an internal Arg-Val site to form an N-terminal A-chain and C-terminal B-chain held together by a disulfide bond, and can include further proteolytic cleavage events to remove the preactivation peptide.


name: TFIID-class transcription factor complex binding

description: Binding to a general RNA polymerase II transcription factor belonging to the TFIID complex, one of the factors involved in formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC) by RNA polymerase II.


vitellogenesis

description: The production of yolk. Yolk is a mixture of materials used for embryonic nutrition.


name: regulation of translation in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

description: Modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of endoplasmic reticulum stress.


fructokinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-fructose = ADP + D-fructose 6-phosphate.


hypophysis morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the hypophysis are generated and organized. The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands.


TAP complex

description: A heterodimer composed of the subunits TAP1 and TAP2 (transporter associated with antigen presentation). Functions in the transport of antigenic peptides from the cytosol to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.


name: extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

description: The series of molecular signals in which a signal is conveyed from the cell surface to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with a ligand binding to a death domain receptor on the cell surface, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.


Device capturing issue

category: biolink:Phenomenon biolink:Occurrent biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent


name: neural plate anterior/posterior regionalization

description: The process that regulates the coordinated growth and differentiation that establishes the non-random anterior-posterior spatial arrangement of the neural plate.


DNA ligation involved in DNA repair

description: The re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase, that contributes to DNA repair.


U1 snRNA binding

description: Binding to a U1 small nuclear RNA (U1 snRNA).


MAP kinase kinase kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase kinase; each MAP kinase kinase can be phosphorylated by any of several MAP kinase kinase kinases.


paranasal sinus disorder

description: A disease involving the paranasal sinus.


name: ATPase dependent transmembrane transport complex

description: A transmembrane protein complex that functions in ATPase dependent active transport across a membrane.


Disturbed sensory perception

description: Alteration or impairment in the processing or interpretation of sensory information can lead to abnormal perceptions or experiences.


Stress Fractures

description: A small, traumatic break or severe bruising of a bone caused by repetitive application of force.


postsynaptic density organization

description: A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a postsynaptic density, a region that lies adjacent to the cytoplasmic face of the postsynaptic membrane at excitatory synapse.


dendrite extension

description: Long distance growth of a single dendrite involved in cellular development.


anatomical structure arrangement

description: The process that gives rise to the configuration of the constituent parts of an anatomical structure. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome.


name: ventricular trabecula myocardium morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the trabecular cardiac ventricle muscle are generated and organized.


name: release of cytochrome c from mitochondria

description: The process that results in the movement of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is part of the apoptotic signaling pathway and leads to caspase activation.


protein-transporting ATPase activity

description: Primary active carrier-mediated transport of a protein across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated.


biliary system

description: Organ system subdivision that consists of the organs and ducts that are involved in the production and transportation of bile. In most species this is the gallbladder and the bile ducts (biliary tree).


eyelid development in camera-type eye

description: The progression of the eyelid in a camera-type eye from its formation to the mature state. The eyelid is a membranous cover that helps protect and lubricate the eye.


lymph node development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of lymph nodes over time, from their formation to the mature structure. A lymph node is a round, oval, or bean shaped structure localized in clusters along the lymphatic vessels, with a distinct internal structure including specialized vasculature and B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes.


name: establishment of mitochondrion localization

description: The directed movement of the mitochondrion to a specific location.


poly(A)+ mRNA export from nucleus

description: The directed movement of poly(A)+ mRNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.


name: eosinophil activation involved in immune response

description: The change in morphology and behavior of a eosinophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


name: all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-retinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+.


renal tubular acidosis

description: A group of genetic disorders of the kidney tubules characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. Defective renal acidification of urine (proximal tubules) or low renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications such as hypokalemia, hypercalcinuria with nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis, and rickets.


name: transcription initiation at RNA polymerase I promoter

description: A transcription initiation process that takes place at a RNA polymerase I gene promoter. Ribosomal RNAs (rRNA) genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase I.


regulation of response to drug

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to drug.


renal filtration

description: A renal system process in which fluid circulating through the body is filtered through a barrier system.


aromatic amino acid transport

description: The directed movement of aromatic amino acids, amino acids with aromatic ring, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


fever generation

description: The heat generation process that results in a rise in body temperature above the normal, often as a response to infection.


chronic conjunctivitis

description: Conjunctivitis that is persistent and long-standing.


name: primary amino compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of primary amino compound.


name: negative regulation of cardioblast differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


Arterial insufficiency

description: A condition in which there is inadequate blood flow through an artery.


small-subunit processome

description: A large ribonucleoprotein complex that is an early preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 80S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins.


telencephalon glial cell migration

description: The orderly movement of glial cells through the telencephalon.


myelin sheath adaxonal region

description: The region of the myelin sheath nearest to the axon.


positive regulation of actin nucleation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation, the initial step in the formation of an actin filament in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament.


regulation of growth rate

description: Any process that modulates the rate of growth of all or part of an organism.


protein secretion by platelet

description: The regulated release of proteins by a platelet or group of platelets.


name: extracellular regulation of signal transduction

description: Any regulation of signal transduction that takes place in the extracellular region.


type B pancreatic cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a type B pancreatic cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A type B pancreatic cell is a cell located towards center of the islets of Langerhans that secretes insulin.


Respiratory insufficiency

description: Impairment of gas exchange within the lungs secondary to a disease process, neoplasm, or trauma, possibly resulting in hypoxia, hypercarbia, or both, but not requiring intubation or mechanical ventilation. Patients are normally managed with pharmaceutical therapy, supplemental oxygen, or both.


name: positive regulation of succinate dehydrogenase activity

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of succinate dehydrogenase activity.


collateral sprouting

description: The process in which outgrowths develop from the shafts of existing axons.


dense body

description: An electron dense body which may contain granules.


periarthritis

description: Inflammation of the tissues around a joint. (Dorland, 27th ed)


central nervous system myelination

description: The process in which neuronal axons and dendrites become coated with a segmented lipid-rich sheath (myelin) to enable faster and more energetically efficient conduction of electrical impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier.


name: regulation of receptor localization to synapse

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of receptor localization to synapse.


name: cell communication by electrical coupling

description: The process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


death domain binding

description: Binding to a death domain of a protein. The death domain (DD) is a homotypic protein interaction module composed of a bundle of six alpha-helices. DD bind each other forming oligomers. Some DD-containing proteins are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and inflammation through their activation of caspases and NF-kappaB.


SUMO ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of SUMO to a substrate protein via the reaction X-SUMO + S = X + S-SUMO, where X is either an E2 or E3 enzyme, the X-SUMO linkage is a thioester bond, and the S-SUMO linkage is an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal amino acid of SUMO and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in the substrate.


name: nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: DNA strand elongation involved in DNA replication

description: The process in which an existing DNA strand is extended by activities including the addition of nucleotides to the 3' end of the strand, complementary to an existing template, as part of DNA replication.


embryonic nail plate morphogenesis

description: The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of a nail plate are generated and organized. The nail plate is the hard and translucent portion of the nail, composed of keratin, and serves to protect the tips of digits.


Tumor Pain

description: A painful sensation caused by the tumor growth.


description: Remodeling the acyl chains of phosphatidylinositol, through sequential deacylation and re-acylation reactions, to generate phosphatidylinositol containing different types of fatty acid acyl chains.


name: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 binding

description: Binding to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3.


alveolar lamellar body

description: A specialized secretory organelle found in type II pneumocytes and involved in the synthesis, secretion, and reutilization of pulmonary surfactant.


metanephric renal vesicle morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephric renal vesicle are generated and organized. The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the metanephric nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells.


name: positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors.


mammary gland lobule development

description: The progression of the mammary gland lobule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mammary gland lobule is a small rounded projection of the mammary gland.


name: membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential

description: The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the cardiac muscle cell plasma membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential.


dimethylargininase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N(G),N(G)-dimethyl-L-arginine + H2O = dimethylamine + L-citrulline.


iris

description: The adjustable membrane, composed of the stroma and pigmented epithelium, located just in front of the crystalline lens within the eye.


name: pyrimidine-specific mismatch base pair DNA N-glycosylase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of mismatched pyrimidine bases in DNA. Enzymes with this activity recognize and remove pyrimidines present in mismatches by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the target damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases a free base and leaves an apyrimidinic (AP) site.


purine nucleobase transport

description: The directed movement of purine bases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


receptor recycling

description: The process that results in the return of receptor molecules to an active state and an active cellular location after they have been stimulated by a ligand. An active state is when the receptor is ready to receive a signal.


male infertility

description: The inability of the male to effect fertilization of an ovum after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility.


adrenocortical insufficiency

description: An endocrine or hormonal disorder that occurs when the adrenal cortex does not produce enough of the hormone cortisol and in some cases, the hormone aldosterone. It may be due to a disorder of the adrenal cortex (Addison's disease or primary adrenal insufficiency) or to inadequate secretion of ACTH by the pituitary gland (secondary adrenal insufficiency).


zygomatic arch

description: The bony arch in vertebrates that extends along the side or front of the skull beneath the eye socket and is formed by the temporal process of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic process of the temporal bone.


response to selenium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from selenium ion.


voluntary musculoskeletal movement

description: The movement of an organism or part of an organism using mechanoreceptors, the nervous system, striated muscle and/or the skeletal system that can be controlled at will.


colostrum

description: The thin, yellow, serous fluid secreted by the mammary glands during pregnancy and immediately postpartum before lactation begins. It consists of immunologically active substances, white blood cells, water, protein, fat, and carbohydrates.


name: negative regulation of triglyceride metabolic process

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving triglyceride, any triester of glycerol.


Bowen disease of the skin

description: A form of squamous cell carcinoma in situ. It is a distinct clinicopathological entity and arises from the skin or the mucocutaneous junction. It affects predominantly white males in their 6-8th decades of life. Exposed and non-exposed skin sites are equally affected. UV damage and ingestion of inorganic arsenic may play a role in the development of the disease. On the skin surface, it presents as a single or multiple erythematous, scaly, keratotic patches or plaques. The clinical entity of erythroplasia of Queyrat is regarded as Bowen disease of the penis and it presents as an asymptomatic, red, circumscribed plaque. Morphologically, Bowen disease is characterized by the presence of hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, dyskeratosis, and acanthosis. The keratotic squamous cells are atypical and display hyperchromatism and abnormal mitotic figures. The dermoepidermal basement membrane is intact. Complete surgical removal of the lesion may be curative.


name: negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.


rhombomere 5 development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of rhombomere 5 over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order.


name: positive regulation of interleukin-13 production

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-13 production.


hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a hematopoietic stem cell. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.


name: high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a high-density lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by hepatic lipase, with the subsequent loss of free fatty acid, and the transfer of cholesterol esters from LDL to a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), with the simultaneous transfer of triglyceride to LDL.