ruffle membrane

description: The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a ruffle.


name: transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.


regulation of DNA repair

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA repair.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on diphenols and related substances as donors

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a diphenol or related substance acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


description: Combining with the sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein.


female sex differentiation

description: The establishment of the sex of a female organism by physical differentiation.


melatonin receptor activity

description: Combining with melatonin, N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, to initiate a change in cell activity. Melatonin is a neuroendocrine substance that stimulates the aggregation of melanosomes in melanophores, thus lightening the skin.


Breast discomfort

category: biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing


bile acid and bile salt transport

description: The directed movement of bile acid and bile salts into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


somatic cell DNA recombination

description: Recombination occurring within or between DNA molecules in somatic cells.


spectrin binding

description: Binding to spectrin, a protein that is the major constituent of the erythrocyte cytoskeletal network. It associates with band 4.1 (see band protein) and actin to form the cytoskeletal superstructure of the erythrocyte plasma membrane. It is composed of nonhomologous chains, alpha and beta, which aggregate side-to-side in an antiparallel fashion to form dimers, tetramers, and higher polymers.


homologous chromosome segregation

description: The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the first division of the meiotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner; this pairing off, referred to as synapsis, permits genetic recombination. One homolog (both sister chromatids) of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets.


pons development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pons over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pons lies above the medulla and next to the cerebellum. The pons conveys information about movement from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum.


osteoclast fusion

description: The plasma membrane fusion process that results in fusion of mononuclear osteoclasts to form a multinuclear osteoclast.


sphingomyelin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine, any of a class of phospholipids in which the amino group of sphingosine is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxyl group of sphingosine is esterified to phosphorylcholine.


regulation of amino acid transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of amino acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


positive regulation of cyclase activity

description: Any process that activates or increases the activity of a cyclase.


name: positive regulation of muscle contraction

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction.


name: cellular response to corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulus. Corticotropin-releasing hormone is a peptide hormone involved in the stress response.


cholesterol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones.


mesenchymal to epithelial transition

description: A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity, forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell.


iron-sulfur cluster binding

description: Binding to an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms.


name: tRNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation

description: Splicing of tRNA substrates via recognition of the folded RNA structure that brings the 5' and 3' splice sites into proximity and cleavage of the RNA at both the 3' and 5' splice sites by an endonucleolytic mechanism, followed by ligation of the exons.


atrial septum morphogenesis

description: The developmental process in which atrial septum is generated and organized. The atrial septum separates the upper chambers (the atria) of the heart from one another.


name: regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production.


name: nuclear receptor-mediated steroid hormone signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A nuclear receptor-mediated signaling pathway initiated by a steroid binding to an intracellular receptor of the nuclear receptor protein family, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


artery morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of arterial blood vessels are generated and organized. Arteries are blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the body and its organs.


name: negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development.


response to prostaglandin E

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin E stimulus.


protein deubiquitination

description: The removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein.


name: positive regulation of type II interferon production

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-gamma production. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon.


pneumothorax

category: biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: Abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity.


CDP-choline pathway

description: The phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process that begins with the phosphorylation of choline and ends with the combination of CDP-choline with diacylglycerol to form phosphatidylcholine.


sterol binding

description: Binding to a sterol, a steroid containing a hydroxy group in the 3 position, closely related to cholestan-3-ol.


cellular response to hexose stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hexose stimulus.


name: bacterial infectious disease with sepsis

description: An infectious disease caused by bacteria causing sepsis.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetyl-CoA = 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA.


membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis

description: The proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins and release of their ectodomain (extracellular domain).


branchiomotor neuron axon guidance

description: The process in which a branchiomotor neuron growth cone is directed to a specific target site. Branchiomotor neurons are located in the hindbrain and innervate branchial arch-derived muscles that control jaw movements, facial expression, the larynx, and the pharynx.


lipoate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipoate, 1,2-dithiolane-3-pentanoate, the anion derived from lipoic acid.


microtubule anchoring

description: Any process in which a microtubule is maintained in a specific location in a cell.


cortical cytoskeleton organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane.


kinase inhibitor activity

description: Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a kinase.


cobalamin binding

description: Binding to cobalamin (vitamin B12), a water-soluble vitamin characterized by possession of a corrin nucleus containing a cobalt atom.


peroxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a donor + a peroxide = an oxidized donor + 2 H2O.


lipid storage

description: The accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of lipids, compounds soluble in organic solvents but insoluble or sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents. Lipid reserves can be accumulated during early developmental stages for mobilization and utilization at later stages of development.


phagocytosis, engulfment

description: The internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, including the membrane and cytoskeletal processes required, which involves one of three mechanisms: zippering of pseudopods around a target via repeated receptor-ligand interactions, sinking of the target directly into plasma membrane of the phagocytosing cell, or induced uptake via an enhanced membrane ruffling of the phagocytosing cell similar to macropinocytosis.


protein neddylation

description: Covalent attachment of the ubiquitin-like protein NEDD8 (RUB1) to another protein.


name: establishment of protein localization to peroxisome

description: The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in a peroxisome.


name: regulation of monoatomic anion transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


iron ion transport

description: The directed movement of iron (Fe) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


cerebellar granular layer morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structure of the cerebellar granular layer is generated and organized. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer.


regulation of glutamate secretion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of glutamate.


Cul4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul4 family and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by an adaptor protein.


name: regulation of metanephric glomerulus development

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of metanephric glomerulus development, the progression of the metanephric glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The metanephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney, or metanephros.


lipoprotein lipase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate, where the triacylglycerol is part of a lipoprotein.


name: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase binding

description: Binding to a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, a protein that can phosphorylate a MAP kinase.


name: endosome transport via multivesicular body sorting pathway

description: The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes or vacuoles by a pathway in which molecules are sorted into multivesicular bodies, which then fuse with the target compartment.


Hemiparesis

description: Loss of strength in the arm, leg, and sometimes face on one side of the body. Hemiplegia refers to a complete loss of strength, whereas hemiparesis refers to an incomplete loss of strength.


glutathione biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins.


DNA nuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid.


protein activation cascade

description: A sequential series of modifications to a set of proteins where the product of one reaction catalyzes the following reaction, ultimately leading to the generation of a mature protein. Modifications typically include proteolysis or covalent modification, and may also include binding events.


benzonatate

The ester obtained by formal condensation of 4-butylaminobenzoic acid with nonaethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Structurally related to procaine and benzocaine, it has an anaesthetic effect on the stretch sensors in the lungs, and is used as a non-narcotic cough suppressant.


name: negative regulation of glucocorticoid secretion

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glucocorticoid secretion.


name: negative regulation of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication.


muscle filament sliding

description: The sliding of actin thin filaments and myosin thick filaments past each other in muscle contraction. This involves a process of interaction of myosin located on a thick filament with actin located on a thin filament. During this process ATP is split and forces are generated.


cerebellar cortex

category: biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The superficial gray matter of the cerebellum. It consists of three main layers, the molecular layer, the Purkinje cell layer and the granule cell layer.


non-small cell lung carcinoma

description: A group of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including non-small cell squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and large cell carcinoma. Non-small cell lung carcinomas have a poor response to conventional chemotherapy.


lower jaw region

category: biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Subdivision of head that consists of the lower jaw skeletal elements plus associated soft tissue (skin, lips, muscle)[cjm].


name: regulation of establishment of protein localization to telomere

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the telomeric region of a chromosome.


name: negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage.


name: positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.


glycolipid transfer activity

description: Removes a glycolipid from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. A glycolipid is a compound usually containing 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid.


name: negative regulation of cell-substrate adhesion

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell-substrate adhesion. Cell-substrate adhesion is the attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules.


regulation of smooth muscle contraction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction.


regulation of dendrite morphogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite morphogenesis.


name: negative regulation of natural killer cell differentiation involved in immune response

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation as part of an immune response.


positive regulation of cell size

description: Any process that increases cell size.


tooth erosion, non-bacterial

description: Progressive loss of tooth tissue by chemical processes that do not involve bacterial action. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p296)


hypoglossal nerve

description: Cranial nerve that innervates the muscles of the tongue.


name: positive regulation of telomerase RNA localization to Cajal body

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase RNA localization to Cajal body.


bone remodeling

description: The continuous turnover of bone matrix and mineral that involves first, an increase in resorption (osteoclastic activity) and later, reactive bone formation (osteoblastic activity). The process of bone remodeling takes place in the adult skeleton at discrete foci. The process ensures the mechanical integrity of the skeleton throughout life and plays an important role in calcium homeostasis. An imbalance in the regulation of bone resorption and bone formation results in many of the metabolic bone diseases, such as osteoporosis.


name: Corrected Prolonged QT Interval by ECG Finding

description: An electrocardiographic finding in which the QTc interval corrected for heart rate is prolonged. Thresholds for different age, gender, and patient populations exist. (CDISC)


interleukin-1 receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-1 to initiate a change in cell activity. Interleukin-1 is produced mainly by activated macrophages and is involved in the inflammatory response.


energy reserve metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from stored compounds such as fats or glycogen.


name: regulation of interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of an interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway.


secondary malignant neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm that arises from a pre-existing lower grade lesion, or as a result of a primary lesion that has spread to secondary sites, or due to a complication of a cancer treatment.


name: nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening

description: Shortening of the poly(A) tail of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA from full length to an oligo(A) length.


negative regulation of organ growth

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organ of an organism.


name: positive regulation of membrane potential

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.


NMDA glutamate receptor activity

description: An cation channel that opens in response to binding by extracellular glutmate, but only if glycine is also bound and the membrane is depolarized. Voltage gating is indirect, due to ejection of bound magnesium from the pore at permissive voltages.


salsalate

A dimeric benzoate ester obtained by intermolecular condensation between the carboxy of one molecule of salicylic acid with the phenol group of a second. It is a prodrug for salycylic acid that is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and also shows activity against type II diabetes.


nephritis

description: Inflammation of renal tissue.


name: negative regulation of epidermal cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal cell differentiation.


fatty acid homeostasis

description: Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of fatty acid within an organism or cell.


hard palate development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hard palate from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. The hard palate is the anterior portion of the palate consisting of bone and mucous membranes.


positive regulation of myelination

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons.


platelet dense tubular network

description: A network of membrane-bounded compartments found in blood platelets, where they regulate platelet activation by sequestering or releasing calcium. The dense tubular network exists as thin elongated membranes in resting platelets, and undergoes a major ultrastructural change, to a rounded vesicular form, upon addition of thrombin.


femoral vein

description: In the human body, the femoral vein is a blood vessel that accompanies the femoral artery in the femoral sheath. It begins at the adductor canal (also known as Hunter's canal) and is a continuation of the popliteal vein. It ends at the inferior margin of the inguinal ligament, where it becomes the external iliac vein. [WP,unvetted].


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to brain

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the brain from another anatomic site or system. The majority are carcinomas (usually lung or breast carcinomas).


name: positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation.


saliva secretion

description: The regulated release of saliva from the salivary glands. In man, the saliva is a turbid and slightly viscous fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. In man and many animals, saliva is an important digestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme, ptyalin.


ATPase regulator activity

description: Binds to and modulates the activity of an ATP hydrolysis activity.


name: regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell differentiation.


ionotropic glutamate receptor complex

description: A multimeric assembly of four or five subunits which form a structure with an extracellular N-terminus and a large loop that together form the ligand binding domain. The C-terminus is intracellular. The ionotropic glutamate receptor complex itself acts as a ligand-gated ion channel; on binding glutamate, charged ions pass through a channel in the center of the receptor complex.


L-alanine transport

description: The directed movement of L-alanine, the L-enantiomer of 2-aminopropanoic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: negative regulation of mRNA metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA metabolic process.


salivary gland development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the salivary gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Salivary glands include any of the saliva-secreting exocrine glands of the oral cavity.


phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphatidic acid, any derivative of glycerol phosphate in which both the remaining hydroxyl groups of the glycerol moiety are esterified with fatty acids.


cardiac right ventricle morphogenesis

description: The process in which the right cardiac ventricle is generated and organized.


name: activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity

description: The stimulation of the activity of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase through phosphorylation at specific residues.


multivesicular body assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a multivesicular body, a type of late endosome in which regions of the limiting endosomal membrane invaginate to form internal vesicles; membrane proteins that enter the internal vesicles are sequestered from the cytoplasm.


name: pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a pyrimidine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar.


pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pyrimidine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a pyrimidine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.


regulation of kidney development

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of kidney development. Kidney development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.


name: prenylated protein tyrosine phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: prenylated-protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = prenylated-protein tyrosine + phosphate.


Conjunctival hyperemia

description: Dilatation of the blood vessels of the conjunctiva leading to a red appearance of the sclera.


eosinophil migration

description: The movement of an eosinophil within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


hepoxilin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving hepoxilins, a class of bioactive icosanoids with roles in the regulation of cell physiology.


fucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a fucosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid.


chromatoid body

description: A ribonucleoprotein complex found in the cytoplasm of male germ cells, composed of exceedingly thin filaments that are consolidated into a compact mass or into dense strands of varying thickness that branch to form an irregular network. Contains mRNAs, miRNAs, and protein components involved in miRNA processing (such as Argonaute proteins and the endonuclease Dicer) and in RNA decay (such as the decapping enzyme DCP1a and GW182).


hypopigmentation of the skin

description: A condition caused by a deficiency or a loss of melanin pigmentation in the epidermis, also known as hypomelanosis. Hypopigmentation can be localized or generalized, and may result from genetic defects, trauma, inflammation, or infections.


ventricular septum morphogenesis

description: The developmental process in which a ventricular septum is generated and organized. A ventricular septum is an anatomical structure that separates the lower chambers (ventricles) of the heart from one another.


Viral gastroenteritis

description: Gastroenteritis resulting from a viral infection.


response to folic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a folic acid stimulus.


actin filament network formation

description: The assembly of a network of actin filaments; actin filaments on different axes and with differing orientations are crosslinked together to form a mesh of filaments.


name: cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development

description: The growth of a cardiac muscle cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from its initial formation to its mature state.


name: cell-cell signaling involved in cardiac conduction

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the heart process that regulates cardiac muscle contraction; beginning with the generation of an action potential in the sinoatrial node and ending with regulation of contraction of the myocardium.


maintenance of location in cell

description: Any process in which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell, and is prevented from moving elsewhere.


alditol phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving alditol phosphates, any phosphorylated polyhydric alcohol derived from the acyclic form of a monosaccharide by reduction of its aldehyde or keto group to an alcoholic group.


name: positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation.


name: energy coupled proton transport, down electrochemical gradient

description: The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that provides energy for the synthesis of ATP or GTP.


name: negative regulation of cargo loading into COPII-coated vesicle

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cargo loading into a COPII-coated vesicle.


mature B cell differentiation

description: The process in which transitional stage B cells acquire the specialized features of mature B cells in the spleen.


signaling adaptor activity

description: The binding activity of a molecule that brings together two or more molecules in a signaling pathway, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. Adaptor molecules themselves do not have catalytic activity.


name: porphyrin-containing compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any member of a large group of derivatives or analogs of porphyrin. Porphyrin consists of a ring of four pyrrole nuclei linked each to the next at their alpha positions through a methine group.


name: positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide.


name: regulation of Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway..


negative regulation of bone resorption

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bone resorption.


name: regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity

description: Any process that modulates the activity of a ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel. The ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel catalyzes the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when a ryanodine class ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


mesonephric tubule morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesonephric tubule are generated and organized. A mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros.


name: negative regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling in response to detection of lipopolysaccharide.


rectus abdominis muscle

description: The rectus abdominis muscle is a paired muscle running vertically on each side of the anterior wall of the abdomen. There are two parallel sets of muscles, separated by a midline band of connective tissue called the linea alba (white line). It extends from the pubic symphysis/pubic crest inferiorly to the xiphisternum/xiphoid process and lower costal cartilages (5-7) superiorly. It is contained in the Rectus sheath. The rectus is usually crossed by three fibrous bands licked by the tendinous inscriptions. [WP,modified].


eltrombopag

A hydrazine in which each nitrogen atom is substituted, one by a 3'-carboxy-2-hydroxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl group and the other by a 1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-3-methyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazol-4-ylidene group.  A small molecule agonist of the c-mpl (TpoR) receptor (the physiological target of the hormone thrombopoietin), it has been developed as a medication for conditions that lead to thrombocytopenia (abnormally low platelet counts).


name: regulation of protein homodimerization activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein homodimerization, interacting selectively with an identical protein to form a homodimer.


name: positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fatty acid beta-oxidation.


name: somatic diversification of immunoglobulins involved in immune response

description: The somatic process that results in the generation of sequence diversity of immunoglobulins after induction, and contributes to an immune response.


seborrheic dermatitis

description: A chronic, inflammatory skin disorder that affects the scalp, central face and skin folds; it is characterized by scaling and itching.


nose development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nose over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The nose is the specialized structure of the face that serves as the organ of the sense of smell and as part of the respiratory system. Includes the nasi externus (external nose) and cavitas nasi (nasal cavity).


name: clustering of voltage-gated sodium channels

description: The process in which voltage-gated sodium channels become localized together in high densities. In animals, nodes of Ranvier differ dramatically from internodal axonal regions in very high densities of voltage-dependent sodium (Nav) channels responsible for the rapid, inward ionic currents that produce membrane depolarization.


name: positive regulation of dephosphorylation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a molecule.


alpha-beta T cell differentiation

description: The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of an alpha-beta T cell. An alpha-beta T cell is a T cell that expresses an alpha-beta T cell receptor complex.


periciazine

A member of the class of  phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a 3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)propyl group at the nitrogen atom and a carbonitrile group at position 2. Periciazine is a first generation antipsychotic.


gas transport

description: The directed movement of substances that are gaseous in normal living conditions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


metanephric nephron tubule formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a metanephric nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A metanephric nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of a nephron in the metanephros.


putrescine transport

description: The directed movement of putrescine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Putrescine is 1,4-diaminobutane, the polyamine formed by decarboxylation of ornithine and the metabolic precursor of spermidine and spermine.


SNARE complex

description: A protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers. One well-characterized example is the neuronal SNARE complex formed of synaptobrevin 2, syntaxin 1a, and SNAP-25.


cysteinyl leukotriene receptor activity

description: Combining with a cysteinyl leukotriene to initiate a change in cell activity. Cysteinyl leukotrienes are leukotrienes that contain a peptide group based on cysteine.


quinolinate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving quinolinate, the anion of quinolinic acid, also known as 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid.


DNA exonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the sequential cleavage of mononucleotides from a free 5' or 3' terminus of a DNA molecule.


Acute bronchitis

description: Inflammation of the large airways of the lung with rapid onset and short course usually associated with cough, mucus production, shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest tightness.


sympathetic neuron projection guidance

description: The process in which the migration of a sympathetic neuron projection is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


grooming behavior

description: The specific behavior of an organism relating to grooming, cleaning and brushing to remove dirt and parasites.


pronucleus

description: The nucleus of either the ovum or the spermatozoon following fertilization. Thus, in the fertilized ovum, there are two pronuclei, one originating from the ovum, the other from the spermatozoon that brought about fertilization; they approach each other, but do not fuse until just before the first cleavage, when each pronucleus loses its membrane to release its contents.


malignant mesothelioma

description: A malignant neoplasm of the pleura or peritoneum, arising from mesothelial cells. It is associated with exposure to asbestos.


regulation of SNARE complex assembly

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of assembly of the SNARE complex. The SNARE complex is a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers.


name: regulation of keratinocyte differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte differentiation.


Cardiomegaly

description: Increased size of the heart, clinically defined as an increased transverse diameter of the cardiac silhouette that is greater than or equal to 50% of the transverse diameter of the chest (increased cardiothoracic ratio) on a posterior-anterior projection of a chest radiograph or a computed tomography.


name: 'de novo' post-translational protein folding

description: The process of assisting in the correct noncovalent folding of newly formed polypeptides or folding intermediates of polypeptides that have exited the ribosome and/or have been stabilized and transferred by other chaperone proteins. This process could involve several cycles of ATP hydrolysis.


response to fungicide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fungicide stimulus. Fungicides are chemicals used to kill fungi.


tinea unguium

description: A fungal infection of the nail, usually caused by dermatophytes; yeasts; or nondermatophyte molds.


pyridoxal phosphate binding

description: Binding to pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6.


protein alpha-1,2-demannosylation

description: The removal of one or more alpha 1,2-linked mannose residues from a mannosylated protein.


MLL1 complex

description: A protein complex that can methylate lysine-4 of histone H3. MLL1/MLL is the catalytic methyltransferase subunit, and the complex also contains the core components ASH2L, HCFC1/HCF1 WDR5 and RBBP5.


name: blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis

description: The multiplication or reproduction of blood vessel endothelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population contributing to sprouting angiogenesis.


negative regulation of axon guidance

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of axon guidance.


hyperthyroidism

description: Overactivity of the thyroid gland resulting in overproduction of thyroid hormone and increased metabolic rate. Causes include diffuse hyperplasia of the thyroid gland (Graves' disease), single nodule in the thyroid gland, and thyroiditis. The symptoms are related to the increased metabolic rate and include weight loss, fatigue, heat intolerance, excessive sweating, diarrhea, tachycardia, insomnia, muscle weakness, and tremor.


name: ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor activity

description: Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of ornithine decarboxylase.


deoxyribose phosphate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of deoxyribose phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 2-deoxy-erythro-pentose.


microtubule severing

description: The process in which a microtubule is broken down into smaller segments. Severing enzymes remove dimers from the middle of the filament to create new ends, unlike depolymerizing kinesins that use ATP to uncap microtubules at their ends.


name: regulation of cyclic nucleotide catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyclic nucleotides.


phagosome-lysosome fusion

description: The creation of a phagolysosome from a phagosome and a lysosome.


mitotic cytokinesis

description: A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after mitosis, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells.


name: regulation of single-species biofilm formation in or on host organism

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of single-species biofilm formation in or on host organism.


regulation of urine volume

description: Any process that modulates the amount of urine excreted from the body over a unit of time.


translation termination factor activity

description: Functions in the termination of translation.


cycrimine

A member of the class of piperidines that is 3-(piperidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol in which one of the hydrogen atoms at the 1-position is substituted by cyclopentyl, and the other is substituted by phenyl. A central anticholinergic, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the management and treatment of Parkinson's disease.


male sex determination

description: The specification of male sex of an individual organism.


name: ligase activity, forming carbon-oxygen bonds

description: Catalysis of the joining of two molecules via a carbon-oxygen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.


membrane hyperpolarization

description: The process in which membrane potential increases with respect to its steady-state potential, usually from negative potential to a more negative potential. For example, during the repolarization phase of an action potential the membrane potential often becomes more negative or hyperpolarized before returning to the steady-state resting potential.


name: positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation.


Right ventricular failure

description: Reduced ability of the right ventricle to perform its function (to receive blood from the right atrium and to eject blood into the pulmonary artery), often leading to pitting peripheral edema, ascites, and hepatomegaly.


cellular response to cold

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism.


sphingolipid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid).


regulation of ribonuclease activity

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of ribonuclease activity, catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in chains of RNA.


name: positive regulation of antimicrobial humoral response

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an antimicrobial humoral response.


cell adhesion mediated by integrin

description: The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via an integrin, a heterodimeric adhesion receptor formed by the non-covalent association of particular alpha and beta subunits.


urea cycle

description: The sequence of reactions by which arginine is synthesized from ornithine, then cleaved to yield urea and regenerate ornithine. The overall reaction equation is NH3 + CO2 + aspartate + 3 ATP + 2 H2O = urea + fumarate + 2 ADP + 2 phosphate + AMP + diphosphate.


cardiac muscle cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac muscle cell over time, from its formation to the mature state.


Acute Pain

description: A sensation of discomfort or distress that has a severe or rapid onset.


cellular response to BMP stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) stimulus.


integrin-mediated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to an integrin on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: cortical actin cytoskeleton organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of actin-based cytoskeletal structures in the cell cortex, i.e. just beneath the plasma membrane.


regulation of actin nucleation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation, the initial step in the formation of an actin filament in which actin monomers combine to form a new filament.


NAD metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.


tazarotene

The ethyl ester of tazarotenic acid. A prodrug for tazarotenic acid, it is used for the treatment of  psoriasis, acne, and sun-damaged skin.


name: regulation of presynaptic membrane organization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of presynaptic membrane organization.


movement disorder

description: Neurological conditions resulting in abnormal voluntary or involuntary movement, which may impact the speed, fluency, quality and ease of movement.


vesicle fusion to plasma membrane

description: Fusion of the membrane of a vesicle with the plasma membrane, thereby releasing its contents into the extracellular space.


glutathione peroxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O.


lung-associated mesenchyme development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung-associated mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of lung-associated mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Lung-associated mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the lung.


cleavage furrow formation

description: Generation of the cleavage furrow, a shallow groove in the cell surface near the old metaphase plate that marks the site of cytokinesis. This process includes the recruitment and localized activation of signals such as RhoA at the site of the future furrow to ensure that furrowing initiates at the correct site in the cell.


skin infection

description: An inflammatory process affecting the skin, caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi. Examples of bacterial infection include carbuncles, furuncles, impetigo, erysipelas, and abscesses. Examples of viral infection include shingles, warts, molluscum contagiosum, and pityriasis rosea. Examples of parasitic infection include scabies and lice. Examples of fungal infection include athlete's foot, yeast infection, and ringworm.


response to inactivity

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an inactivity stimulus.


LRR domain binding

description: Binding to a LRR domain (leucine rich repeats) of a protein.


transmission of nerve impulse

description: The neurological system process in which a signal is transmitted through the nervous system by a combination of action potential propagation and synaptic transmission.


name: high-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding

description: Binding to a high-density lipoprotein receptor.


wide pore channel activity

description: Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion of propanediol through a large pore, un-gated channel. Examples include gap junctions, which transport substances from one cell to another; and porins which transport substances in and out of bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts.


bronchopneumonia

description: Acute inflammation of the walls of the terminal bronchioles that spreads into the peribronchial alveoli and alveolar ducts. It results in the creation of foci of consolidation, which are surrounded by normal parenchyma. It affects one or more lobes, and is frequently bilateral and basal. It is usually caused by bacteria (e.g., Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae). Signs and symptoms include fever, cough with production of brown-red sputum, dyspnea, and chest pain.


amine transport

description: The directed movement of amines, including polyamines, organic compounds containing one or more amino groups, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


pigment granule transport

description: The directed movement of pigment granules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


cognitive disorder

description: A disease affects cognitive processes.


regulation of thymocyte aggregation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of thymocyte aggregation.


name: protein localization to adherens junction

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained at the adherens junction.


myosin VI binding

description: Binding to a class VI myosin. The myosin VI heavy chain has a single IQ motif in the neck and a tail region with a coiled coil domain followed by a unique globular domain, a unique insertion that enables myosin VI to move towards the pointed or minus end of actin filaments.


N-acetylneuraminate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylneuraminate, the anion of 5-(acetylamino)-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-3-ulosonic acid.


substrate-dependent cell migration

description: The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another along a substrate such as the extracellular matrix; the migrating cell forms a protrusion that attaches to the substrate.


cardiac muscle adaptation

description: The process in which cardiac muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors.


name: regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphate from a phosphoprotein.


cellular response to unfolded protein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus.


growth cone lamellipodium

description: A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of an axonal or dendritic growth cone; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.


hyperlipidemia

description: Elevated levels of lipids in the blood.


regulation of protein acetylation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein acetylation.


name: positive regulation of epidermis development

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epidermis development.


name: metanephric distal convoluted tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric distal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric distal convoluted tubule is the first segment of the metanephric nephron lying just downstream from the loop of Henle, immediately after the macula densa. Among other functions, in humans it is responsible for the reabsorption of about 5% of filtered sodium via the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl symporter.


tolmetin

A monocarboxylic acid that is (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)acetic acid substituted at position 5 on the pyrrole ring by a 4-methylbenzoyl group. Used in the form of its sodium salt dihydrate as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.


name: metanephric glomerulus vasculature morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephric glomerulus vasculature are generated and organized. The metanephric glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the metanephric glomerulus.


ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum membrane stress sensor ATF6 (activating transcription factor 6). Begins with activation of ATF6 in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Under conditions of endoplasmic reticulum stress, ATF6 translocates to the Golgi where it is processed by proteases to release a cytoplasmic domain (ATF6f), which operates as a transcriptional activator of many genes required to restore folding capacity.


ear infection

description: A viral or bacterial infection that affects the external, middle, or inner ear. It may follow an upper respiratory infection. Signs and symptoms include pain, ear discharge, ear fullness, hearing loss, vertigo, nausea, and vomiting.


mechanosensory behavior

description: Behavior that is dependent upon the sensation of a mechanical stimulus.


regulation of myotube differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myotube differentiation. Myotube differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myotube cell. Myotubes are multinucleated cells that are formed when proliferating myoblasts exit the cell cycle, differentiate and fuse.


name: regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA splicing via a spliceosomal mechanism.


multiple organ dysfunction syndrome

description: The development of potentially reversible physiologic derangement involving two or more organ systems not involved in the disorder that resulted in intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and arising in the wake of a potentially life-threatening physiologic insult.


regulation of fear response

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fear response.


ovarian follicle

description: A spherical aggregation of cells in the ovary that contains a single oocyte[WP,modified].


name: positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a prostaglandin from a cell.


dynein intermediate chain binding

description: Binding to an intermediate chain of the dynein complex.


IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor IRE1 (Inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endonuclease). Begins with activation of IRE1 in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. One target of activated IRE1 is the transcription factor HAC1 in yeast, or XBP1 in mammals; IRE1 cleaves an intron of a mRNA coding for HAC1/XBP1 to generate an activated HAC1/XBP1 transcription factor, which controls the up regulation of UPR-related genes. At least in mammals, IRE1 can also signal through additional intracellular pathways including JNK and NF-kappaB.


name: negative regulation of mast cell degranulation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of mast cell degranulation.


name: regulation of killing of cells of another organism

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the killing by an organism of cells in another organism.


name: regulation of protein autophosphorylation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of the phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own residues.


dATP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dATP, deoxyadenosine triphosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate).


hormone transport

description: The directed movement of hormones into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


prenyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a prenyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


apoptotic cell clearance

description: The recognition and removal of an apoptotic cell by a neighboring cell or by a phagocyte.


receptor tyrosine kinase binding

description: Binding to a receptor that possesses protein tyrosine kinase activity.


pore complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a pore complex. A pore complex is a small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of liquids and/or gases.


UV protection

description: Any process in which an organism or cell protects itself from ultraviolet radiation (UV), which may also result in resistance to repeated exposure to UV.


name: regulation of cerebellar granule cell precursor proliferation

description: The process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of granule cell precursor proliferation.


peptidoglycan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving peptidoglycans, any of a class of glycoconjugates found only in bacterial cell walls and consisting of strands of glycosaminoglycan cross-linked by oligopeptides to form a huge and rigid network.


regulation of filopodium assembly

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a filopodium, a thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone.


spindle checkpoint signaling

description: A signaling process that that controls a cell cycle checkpoint that originates from the mitotic or meiotic spindle.


choroid plexus

description: A network formed by blood vessels and the tela choroidea which secretes CSF into the ventricular spaces.


extracellular matrix disassembly

description: A process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix.


name: purine-rich negative regulatory element binding

description: Binding to a 30-bp purine-rich negative regulatory element; the best characterized such element is found in the first intronic region of the rat cardiac alpha-myosin heavy chain gene, and contains two palindromic high-affinity Ets-binding sites (CTTCCCTGGAAG). The presence of this element restricts expression of the gene containing it to cardiac myocytes.


name: maternal process involved in female pregnancy

description: A reproductive process occurring in the mother that allows an embryo or fetus to develop within it.


name: proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V0 domain

description: A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and mediates proton transport across a membrane. The V0 complex consists of at least four different subunits (a,c,d and e); six or more c subunits form a proton-binding rotor ring.


name: regulation of cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus.


name: negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that decreases the rate or extent of cardiac cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death.


androgen biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of androgens, C19 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics.


ER-nucleus signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals that conveys information from the endoplasmic reticulum to the nucleus, usually resulting in a change in transcriptional regulation.


regulation of protein depolymerization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein depolymerization.


negative T cell selection

description: The process of elimination of immature T cells which react strongly with self-antigens.


cellular response to estradiol stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.


glossopharyngeal nerve development

description: Various sensory and motor branches of the glossopharyngeal nerve supply nerve connections to the pharynx and back of the tongue. The branchial motor component contains motor fibers that innervate muscles that elevate the pharynx and larynx, and the tympanic branch supplies parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion.


name: regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction by p53 class mediator.


name: regulation of the force of heart contraction by chemical signal

description: The regulation of the force of heart muscle contraction mediated by chemical signaling, hormonal, autocrine or paracrine.


protein phosphatase 1 binding

description: Binding to a protein phosphatase 1.


Tension-type headache

description: A type of headache that last hours with continuous pain of mild or moderate intensity, bilateral location, a pressing/tightening (non-pulsating) quality and that is not aggravated by routine physical activity such as walking or climbing stairs.


mesodermal cell fate determination

description: The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a mesoderm cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.


stereocilium

description: An actin-based protrusion from the apical surface of auditory and vestibular hair cells and of neuromast cells. These protrusions are supported by a bundle of cross-linked actin filaments (an actin cable), oriented such that the plus (barbed) ends are at the tip of the protrusion, capped by a tip complex which bridges to the plasma. Bundles of stereocilia act as mechanosensory organelles.


mitochondrial RNA modification

description: Any RNA modification that takes place in mitochondrion.


copulation

description: The act of sexual union between male and female, involving the transfer of sperm.


Fecal Occult Blood

description: Blood in the feces that is not visibly apparent.


poly(U) RNA binding

description: Binding to a sequence of uracil residues in an RNA molecule.


name: solute:inorganic anion antiporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: inorganic anion(out) + solute(in) = inorganic anion (in) + solute(out).


protein sulfation

description: The addition of a sulfate group as an ester to a protein amino acid.


Crohn ileitis

description: An Crohn disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the ileum.


allantoin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea, an intermediate or end product of purine catabolism.


progesterone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving progesterone, a steroid hormone produced in the ovary which prepares and maintains the uterus for pregnancy. Also found in plants.


immunoglobulin production

description: The appearance of immunoglobulin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


positive regulation of blood pressure

description: Any process in which the force of blood traveling through the circulatory system is increased.


cytoplasmic vesicle lumen

description: The volume enclosed by a cytoplasmic vesicle.


name: regulation of fibroblast growth factor production

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the appearance of a fibroblast growth factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own residues.


protein O-linked glycosylation

description: A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via the hydroxyl group of peptidyl-serine, peptidyl-threonine, peptidyl-hydroxylysine, or peptidyl-hydroxyproline, or via the phenol group of peptidyl-tyrosine, forming an O-glycan.


tryptophan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid.


thermoception

description: The series of events required for an organism to receive a temperature stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Thermoception in larger animals is mainly done in the skin; mammals have at least two types of sensor, for detecting heat (temperatures above body temperature) and cold (temperatures below body temperature).


cytoplasmic microtubule organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in the cytoplasm of a cell.


name: negative regulation of viral entry into host cell

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the entry of viral entry into a host cell.


name: neutrophil activation involved in immune response

description: The change in morphology and behavior of a neutrophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


venous blood vessel development

description: The progression of the venous blood vessel over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. Venous blood vessels carry blood back to the heart after the capillary bed.


name: respiratory gaseous exchange by respiratory system

description: The process of gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. In plants, microorganisms, and many small animals, air or water makes direct contact with the organism's cells or tissue fluids, and the processes of diffusion supply the organism with dioxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2). In larger animals the efficiency of gaseous exchange is improved by specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs and gills, which are ventilated by breathing mechanisms.


regulation of peroxidase activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of peroxidase activity.


phospholipid transfer to membrane

description: The transfer of a phospholipid from its site of synthesis to the plasma membrane.


protein localization to Golgi apparatus

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the Golgi apparatus.


regulation of actin filament length

description: Any process that controls the length of actin filaments in a cell.


L-lysine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine, the L-enantiomer of (S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.


lung alveolus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the alveolus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The alveolus is a sac for holding air in the lungs; formed by the terminal dilation of air passageways.


name: regulation of protein polyubiquitination

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein polyubiquitination.


name: diadenosine polyphosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving diadenosine polyphosphate, a derivative of the nucleoside adenosine with phosphate groups attached.


Swollen lip

description: Enlargement of the lip typically due to fluid buildup or inflammation.


name: deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar.


ADP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ADP, adenosine 5'-diphosphate.


methionine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.


name: negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors.


centrosome duplication

description: The replication of a centrosome, a structure comprised of a pair of centrioles and peri-centriolar material from which a microtubule spindle apparatus is organized.


neurotrophin TRKA receptor binding

description: Binding to a neurotrophin TRKA receptor.


name: positive regulation of lymphocyte migration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte migration.


NF-kappaB binding

description: Binding to NF-kappaB, a transcription factor for eukaryotic RNA polymerase II promoters.


cell migration in hindbrain

description: The orderly movement of a cell that will reside in the hindbrain.


name: deoxyribose phosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of deoxyribose phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 2-deoxy-erythro-pentose.


name: intracellularly ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific intracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


name: cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a cardiac myoblast. A cardiac myoblast is a precursor cell that has been committed to a cardiac muscle cell fate but retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life.


name: regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the growth of a cardiac muscle cell, where growth contributes to the progression of the cell over time from its initial formation to its mature state.


import into cell

description: The directed movement of some substance from outside of a cell into a cell. This may occur via transport across the plasma membrane or via endocytosis.


nerve growth factor receptor binding

description: Binding to a nerve growth factor receptor.


bullous pemphigoid

description: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common form of autoimmune bullous dermatosis.


name: negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a myeloid cell apoptotic process.


integrin complex

description: A protein complex that is composed of one alpha subunit and one beta subunit, both of which are members of the integrin superfamily of cell adhesion receptors; the complex spans the plasma membrane and binds to extracellular matrix ligands, cell-surface ligands, and soluble ligands.


Surgical Wound Infection

description: An infection that occurs at a surgical site within 30 days after an operation.


phosphoserine residue binding

description: Binding to a phosphorylated serine residue within a protein.


acetyldigitoxin

A cardenolide glycoside compound consisting of digitoxin having an acetyl substituent at the 3-position on the D-ribo-hexopyranosyl residue at the non-reducing end.


strand of hair

description: A filament, mostly protein, that grows from follicles found in the dermis[WP].


Gastrointestinal inflammation

description: Inflammation of the alimentary part of the gastrointestinal system.


acetylcysteine

An  N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.


name: negative regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte chemotaxis.


name: regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, the process in which cytochrome c is enabled to move from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is an early step in apoptosis and leads to caspase activation.


ribonuclease P activity

description: Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA, removing 5' extra nucleotides from tRNA precursor.


regulation of mast cell chemotaxis

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of mast cell chemotaxis. Mast cell chemotaxis is the movement of a mast cell in response to an external stimulus.


name: negative regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis. Cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis is the orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels contributing to the process of sprouting angiogenesis.


centrosome localization

description: Any process in which a centrosome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell.


locus ceruleus

description: The locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic[GO]. Bluish region in the superior angle of the fourth ventricle floor, corresponding to melanin-like pigmented nerve cells which lie lateral to the ponto-mesencephalic central gray (griseum centrale). It is also known as nucleus pigmentosus pontis[GAID].


ventricular system development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain ventricular system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The brain ventricular system consists of four communicating cavities within the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord. These cavities include two lateral ventricles, the third ventricle and the fourth ventricle. Cerebrospinal fluid fills the ventricles and is produced by the choroid plexus.


tetrahydrofolate interconversion

description: The chemical reactions and pathways by which one-carbon (C1) units are transferred between tetrahydrofolate molecules, to synthesise other tetrahydrofolate molecules.


benzyl alcohol

An aromatic alcohol that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxymethyl substituent.


sodium ion transmembrane transport

description: A process in which a sodium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


genomic imprinting

description: The establishment of epigenetic modifications (imprints) during gametogenesis, and propagation of these imprints during the organism's life. Genomic imprinting leads to an asymmetry between the maternal and paternal alleles and differential expression of the corresponding alleles. This can happen through heterochromatin formation or differential chromatin loop formation.


name: regulation of cell communication by chemical coupling

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via chemical coupling. Cell communication by chemical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by the transfer of small, water-soluble molecules or metabolites between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


name: RNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation

description: Splicing of RNA via recognition of the folded RNA structure that brings the 5' and 3' splice sites into proximity and cleavage of the RNA at both the 3' and 5' splice sites by an endonucleolytic mechanism, followed by ligation of the exons.


activin receptor activity

description: Combining with activin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. Activin is one of two gonadal glycoproteins related to transforming growth factor beta.


interleukin-10 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-10 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


regulation of behavioral fear response

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of behavioral fear response.


D-amino-acid oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a D-amino acid + H2O + O2 = a 2-oxo acid + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide.


name: regulation of cell-cell adhesion involved in gastrulation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell affecting gastrulation.


mitotic spindle elongation

description: The cell cycle process in which the distance is lengthened between poles of the mitotic spindle. Mitotic spindle elongation begins during mitotic prophase and ends during mitotic anaphase B.


name: negative regulation of DNA metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving DNA.


3'-5' exonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' end.


cytochrome-c oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4 ferrocytochrome c + O2 + 4 H+ = 4 ferricytochrome c + 2 H2O.


prasugrel

A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-prasugrel. Used (as its hydrochloride salt) to prevent blood clots in people with acute coronary syndrome who are undergoing a procedure after a recent heart attack or stroke, and in people with certain disorders of the heart or blood vessels.


name: MAP kinase tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: MAP kinase serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphate + H2O = MAP kinase serine/threonine/tyrosine + phosphate.


name: negative regulation of nucleoside metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleosides.


name: regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation.


neuron apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a neuron, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system.


Fatigable weakness

description: A type of weakness that occurs after a muscle group is used and lessens if the muscle group has some rest. That is, there is diminution of strength with repetitive muscle actions.


name: epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures

description: A generalized tonic-clonic seizure.


name: negative regulation of glomerulus development

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of glomerulus development, the progression of the glomerulus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate kidney.


serotonin syndrome

description: Serotoninergic syndrome is characterized by an excess of serotonin in the central nervous system, associated with the use of various agents, including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).


ATPase complex

description: A protein complex which is capable of ATPase activity.


name: negative regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate.


name: tricarboxylic acid cycle heteromeric enzyme complex

description: Any of the heteromeric enzymes that act in the TCA cycle.


Spontaneous abortion

description: Fetal loss at less than 20 weeks of gestation.


dendritic cell chemotaxis

description: The movement of a dendritic cell in response to an external stimulus.


endophthalmitis

description: An infectious process affecting the internal structures of the eye.


secondary metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in many of the chemical changes of compounds that are not necessarily required for growth and maintenance of cells, and are often unique to a taxon. In multicellular organisms secondary metabolism is generally carried out in specific cell types, and may be useful for the organism as a whole. In unicellular organisms, secondary metabolism is often used for the production of antibiotics or for the utilization and acquisition of unusual nutrients.


regulation of muscle adaptation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle adaptation.


name: positive regulation of dendrite development

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dendrite development.


name: regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by vasopressin

description: The regulation of blood pressure mediated by the signaling molecule vasopressin. Vasopressin is produced in the hypothalamus, and affects vasoconstriction, and renal water transport.


bisphosphoglycerate mutase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl phosphate = 2,3-bisphospho-D-glycerate.


histone H3 acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H3 = CoA + acetyl-histone H3.


name: negative regulation of peptidyl-lysine acetylation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-lysine acetylation.


error-prone translesion synthesis

description: The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication by using a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex to insert a defined nucleotide across the lesion. This process does not remove the replication-blocking lesions and causes an increase in the endogenous mutation level. For example, in E. coli, a low fidelity DNA polymerase, pol V, copies lesions that block replication fork progress. This produces mutations specifically targeted to DNA template damage sites, but it can also produce mutations at undamaged sites.


name: cellular response to corticosteroid stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a corticosteroid hormone stimulus. A corticosteroid is a steroid hormone that is produced in the adrenal cortex. Corticosteroids are involved in a wide range of physiologic systems such as stress response, immune response and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior. They include glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.


dobutamine

A  catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.


name: RNA exonuclease activity, producing 5'-phosphomonoesters

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end to yield 5' phosphomonoesters.


anisotropine methylbromide

A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of anisotropine with methyl bromide.


microbody

description: Cytoplasmic organelles, spherical or oval in shape, that are bounded by a single membrane and contain oxidative enzymes, especially those utilizing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).


galactosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid.


telomerase RNA binding

description: Binding to the telomerase RNA template.


oxiconazole

An oxime O-ether that is the 2,4-dichlorobenzyl ether of the oxime obtained by formal condensation of hydroxylamine with the carbonyl group of acetopnenone in which the phenyl group is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 4, and in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a 1H-imidazol-1-yl group. An antifungal agent, it is used (generally as the nitrate salt) in creams and powders for the topical treatment of fungal skin infections.


name: regulation of early endosome to late endosome transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of early endosome to late endosome transport.


Precordial pain

description: A type of chest pain that arises in the or under the left breast and often described as throbbing, stabbing, or burning, and lasting hours or longer. The pain may arise with or after effort, and may spread to the left arm or left side of the neck.


heterochromatin organization

description: Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic heterochromatin, a compact and highly condensed form of chromatin.


secondary Parkinson disease

description: A condition with a clinical picture similar to that of Parkinson disease, but which is caused by external factors, including medication.


meiotic gene conversion

description: The cell cycle process in which genetic information is transferred from one helix to another. It often occurs in association with general genetic recombination events, and is believed to be a straightforward consequence of the mechanisms of general recombination and DNA repair. For example, meiosis might yield three copies of the maternal version of an allele and only one copy of the paternal allele, indicating that one of the two copies of the paternal allele has been changed to a copy of the maternal allele.


muscle tendon junction

description: A cell-substrate junction found at the terminal anchorage site of skeletal muscle cells to tendons.


hypothalamus development

description: The progression of the hypothalamus region of the forebrain, from its initial formation to its mature state.


optic choroid

description: Vascular layer containing connective tissue, of the eye lying between the retina and the sclera. The choroid provides oxygen and nourishment to the outer layers of the retina. Along with the ciliary body and iris, the choroid forms the uveal tract[WP].


glossodynia

description: Painful sensations in the tongue, including a sensation of burning.


channel inhibitor activity

description: Binds to and stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of a channel.


stanozolol

An organic heteropentacyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the 3-keto-aldehyde moiety of oxymetholone with hydrazine. Like oxymetholone, it is a synthetic anabolic steroid. It has both anabolic and androgenic properties, and has been used to treat hereditary angioedema and various vascular disorders. It has also been widely abused by professional athletes.


priapism

description: Persistent and usually painful erection that lasts for at least four hours in the absence of physical or psychological stimulation, which can be caused by hematologic disorders, including sickle cell disease and leukemia, spinal cord injuries, and medications.


dermatomycosis

description: Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages by any of various fungi.


name: positive regulation of phospholipid metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipid metabolic process.


flucytosine

An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.


social behavior

description: Behavior directed towards society, or taking place between members of the same species. Occurs predominantly, or only, in individuals that are part of a group.


pigment cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a pigmented cell, such as a melanocyte.


name: transcription preinitiation complex assembly

description: The formation of a large multiprotein-DNA complex that self-assembles on gene promoter through the sequential recruitment of the general initiation factors that compose the preinitiation complex (PIC). The PIC engages the RNA polymerase on its DNA template strand and sparks polymerization of the first few RNA nucleotides.


name: negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte differentiation.


name: guanylate kinase-associated protein clustering

description: The clustering process in which guanylate kinase-associated proteins (GKAPs) are localized to distinct domains in the cell membrane. GKAP facilitates assembly of the post synaptic density of neurons.


name: very long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a very long-chain fatty acid + ATP + CoA = a very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate. A very long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing more than 22 carbons.


name: acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from pyruvate.


actin monomer binding

description: Binding to monomeric actin, also known as G-actin.


ammonium channel activity

description: Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion of ammonium through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel.


PHOSPHATIDYL SERINE

A 3-sn-phosphatidyl L-serine in which the phosphatidyl acyl group at both positions 1 and 2 is stearoyl.


regulation of interleukin-3 production

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-3 production.


stereocilia coupling link

description: A structure involved in coupling stereocilia to one another in sensory hair cells There are four morphologically distinct types: tip links, horizontal top connectors, shaft connectors and ankle links. Tip links and horizontal top connectors are the only inter-stereocilia links associated with mature cochlea, whereas ankle links appear during development of the auditory hair bundle.


protein localization to chromosome

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a specific location on a chromosome.


name: ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


G-protein beta-subunit binding

description: Binding to a G-protein beta subunit.


lamin binding

description: Binding to lamin; any of a group of intermediate-filament proteins that form the fibrous matrix on the inner surface of the nuclear envelope.


arthropathy

description: Any disorder of the joints.


ammonium ion metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the ammonium ion.


streptozocin

An N-nitrosourea that is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces achromogenes. It is used as an antineoplastic agent and to induce diabetes in experimental animals.


dentate gyrus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dentate gyrus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The dentate gyrus is one of two interlocking gyri of the hippocampus. It contains granule cells, which project to the pyramidal cells and interneurons of the CA3 region of the ammon gyrus.


epithelial cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in an epithelial cell.


intermediate filament-based process

description: Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the intermediate filament cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising intermediate filaments and their associated proteins.


regulation of protein sumoylation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of SUMO groups to a protein.