name: calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity

description: Calmodulin-dependent catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; and ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.


name: negative regulation of zinc ion transmembrane transport

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of zinc ions (Zn2+) from one side of a membrane to the other.


oxycodone

A semisynthetic opioid of formula C18H21NO4 that is derived from thebaine.  It is a moderately potent opioid analgesic, generally used for relief of moderate to severe pain.


embryonic placenta development

description: The embryonically driven process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin.


snRNA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving snRNA, small nuclear RNA, any of various low-molecular-mass RNA molecules found in the eukaryotic nucleus as components of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein.


establishment of vesicle localization

description: The directed movement of a vesicle to a specific location.


Opportunistic infection

category: biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: An infection that is caused by a pathogen that would generally not be able to cause an infection in a host with a normal immune system. Such pathogens take advantage of the opportunity, so to speak, that is provided by a weakened immune system.


category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-8 binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: regulation of dendritic spine morphogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of dendritic spine morphogenesis, the process in which the anatomical structures of a dendritic spine are generated and organized. A dendritic spine is a protrusion from a dendrite and a specialized subcellular compartment involved in synaptic transmission.


ketoconazole

A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (2R,4S)- and (2S,4R)-ketoconazole.


name: Elevated circulating aspartate aminotransferase concentration

description: The concentration of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the blood circulation is above the upper limit of normal.


nephron morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the nephron are generated and organized. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney.


name: alpha-beta T cell activation involved in immune response

description: The change in morphology and behavior of an alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


enzyme activator activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Binds to and increases the activity of an enzyme.


NADP binding

description: Binding to nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH.


sulfotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate.


phenylephrine

A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.


peptidyl-glutamic acid carboxylation

description: The gamma-carboxylation of peptidyl-glutamic acid; catalyzed by the vitamin K dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase.


acetyl-CoA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetyl-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is acetylated; it is a metabolite derived from several pathways (e.g. glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, amino-acid catabolism) and is further metabolized by the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It is a key intermediate in lipid and terpenoid biosynthesis.


chondroitin sulfate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving chondroitin sulfate, any member of a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues, the repeat units of which consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate. They usually occur linked to a protein to form proteoglycans. Two subgroups exist, one in which the sulfate is on the 4-position (chondroitin sulfate A) and the second in which it is in the 6-position (chondroitin sulfate C). They often are polydisperse and often differ in the degree of sulfation from tissue to tissue. The chains of repeating disaccharide are covalently linked to the side chains of serine residues in the polypeptide backbone of a protein by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide unit galactosyl-galactosyl-xylosyl. Chondroitin sulfate B is more usually known as dermatan sulfate.


Visual loss

description: Loss of visual acuity (implying that vision was better at a certain time point in life). Otherwise the term reduced visual acuity should be used (or a subclass of that).


name: ventral spinal cord interneuron differentiation

description: The process in which neuroepithelial cells in the neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of ventral spinal cord interneurons. Ventral spinal cord interneurons are cells located in the ventral portion of the spinal cord that transmit signals between sensory and motor neurons and are required for reflexive responses. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


endosomal transport

description: The directed movement of substances mediated by an endosome, a membrane-bounded organelle that carries materials enclosed in the lumen or located in the endosomal membrane.


cellular response to biotic stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism.


secretory granule lumen

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The volume enclosed by the membrane of a secretory granule.


fampridine

An aromatic amine that is pyridine bearing a single amino substituent at position 4. An orphan drug in the US, it is used to improve walking in adults with multiple sclerosis.


regulation of interleukin-12 production

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-12 production.


spinal cord disorder

category: biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: A disease involving the spinal cord.


growth factor receptor binding

description: Binding to a growth factor receptor.


acyl-CoA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with an acyl group.


neutrophil mediated immunity

description: Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a neutrophil.


name: cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism

description: A process, occurring at the cellular level, that is involved in the reproductive function of a multicellular organism.


apical plasma membrane

description: The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell.


name: maintenance of protein localization in endoplasmic reticulum

description: Any process in which a protein is maintained in the endoplasmic reticulum and prevented from moving elsewhere. These include sequestration within the endoplasmic reticulum, protein stabilization to prevent transport elsewhere and the active retrieval of proteins that escape the endoplasmic reticulum.


salivary gland morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the salivary gland are generated and organized.


fosfomycin

A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.


name: regulation of type III interferon production

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type III interferon production. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


muscle organ morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of muscle are generated and organized.


7-methylguanosine RNA capping

description: The sequence of enzymatic reactions by which the RNA 5' cap structure, an inverted 7-methylguanosine linked via a 5'-5' triphosphate bridge (m7G(5')ppp(5')X) to the first transcribed residue, is added to a nascent transcript. Additional methylation can occur on the ribose sugars of the first and second nucleotides adjacent to the m7G nRNA cap. These methylations are often referred to as N6,2'-O-dimethyladenosine (m6,2A) and N6,2'-O-dimethylguanosine (m6,2G), respectively.


regulation of cellular response to drug

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to drug.


endosome membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome.


name: positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.


Hepatotoxicity

description: Toxicity that impairs or damages the liver.


xenophagy

description: The selective degradation of intracellular pathogen or some part of an intracellular pathogen (e.g. viral capsid) by macroautophagy.


paranode region of axon

description: An axon part that is located adjacent to the nodes of Ranvier and surrounded by lateral loop portions of myelin sheath.


regulation of endocytosis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis.


name: regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription regulatory region DNA binding.


Hyperkalemia

description: An abnormally increased potassium concentration in the blood.


dicarboxylic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing two carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-).


name: positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 beta production.


thioridazine

A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.


name: G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway in which the signal is transmitted via the activation or inhibition of a nucleotide cyclase activity and a subsequent change in the concentration of a cyclic nucleotide.


epinastine

A benzazepine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,e]azepine in which the azepine ring is fused to the e side of 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine.


serine-tRNA ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-serine + tRNA(Ser) = AMP + diphosphate + L-seryl-tRNA(Ser).


trabecular meshwork development

description: The progression of the trabecular meshwork over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trabecular meshwork is a fenestrated endothelial-like tissue situated at the intersection of the cornea and the iris. The trabecular meshwork provides drainage for the aqueous humor.


fluorometholone

A member of the class of glucocorticoids that is Delta(1)-progesterone substituted at positions 11beta and 17 by hydroxy groups, at position 6alpha by a methyl group and at position 9 by a fluoro group. Used for the treatment of corticosteroid-responsive inflammation of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe.


glycolipid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycolipids, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). Some substances classified as bacterial glycolipids have the sugar group acylated by one or more fatty acids and the glycerol group may be absent.


name: aromatic amino acid family catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan).


name: regulation of inorganic anion transmembrane transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of inorganic anion transmembrane transport.


regulation of protein oligomerization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein oligomerization.


name: regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion transmembrane transport.


nortriptyline

An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of  amitriptyline.


name: negative regulation of signal transduction in absence of ligand

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction in absence of ligand.


name: regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cytokine mediated signaling pathway.


nuclear retinoic acid receptor binding

description: Binding to a nuclear retinoic acid receptor, a ligand-regulated transcription factor belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily.


response to increased oxygen levels

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting an increase in the level of oxygen.


leukocyte aggregation

description: The adhesion of one leukocyte to one or more other leukocytes via adhesion molecules.


erectile dysfunction

description: Persistent or recurrent inability to achieve or to maintain an erection during sexual activity.


Abdominal distention

description: Distention of the abdomen.


hepaticobiliary system development

description: The progression of the hepaticobiliary system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hepaticobiliary system is responsible for metabolic and catabolic processing of small molecules absorbed from the blood or gut, hormones and serum proteins, detoxification, storage of glycogen, triglycerides, metals and lipid soluble vitamins and excretion of bile. Included are the synthesis of albumin, blood coagulation factors, complement, and specific binding proteins.


organelle subcompartment

description: A compartment that consists of a lumen and an enclosing membrane, and is part of an organelle.


maintenance of protein location

description: Any process in which a protein is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. These include sequestration, stabilization to prevent transport elsewhere and the active retrieval of proteins that do move away.


name: regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nitric-oxide synthase enzyme.


protein processing

description: Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. Protein maturation is the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein.


synaptic vesicle docking

description: The initial (indirect) attachment of a synaptic vesicle membrane to the presynaptic active zone membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane and proteins of the presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic component. Synaptic vesicle tethering is the first step in this process.


muscle cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a muscle cell.


adult locomotory behavior

description: Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism.


estrone sulphate

A steroid sulfate that is the 3-sulfate of estrone.


dementia

description: Loss of intellectual abilities interfering with an individual's social and occupational functions. Causes include Alzheimer's disease, brain injuries, brain tumors, and vascular disorders.


defense response to virus

description: Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a virus that act to protect the cell or organism.


name: negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription, elongation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.


Substance-induced psychotic disorder

description: A psychotic disorder characterized by prominent hallucinations or delusions that have been determined to be etiologically linked to substance use, intoxication or withdrawal.


name: positive regulation of cation transmembrane transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cation transmembrane transport.


startle response

description: An action or movement due to the application of a sudden unexpected stimulus.


bone trabecula formation

description: The process of creating a trabecula in the bone. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod.


name: regulation of protein export from nucleus

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.


name: hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amidines

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a linear amidine, a compound of the form R-C(=NH)-NH2.


fomepizole

A member of the class of  pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a methyl group at position 4.


monoatomic ion channel activity

description: Enables the facilitated diffusion of a monoatomic ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. May be either selective (it enables passage of a specific ion only) or non-selective (it enables passage of two or more ions of same charge but different size).


response to ethanol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethanol stimulus.


name: purine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving purine ribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar.


name: regulation of testosterone biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of testosterone biosynthetic process.


name: regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction

description: Any process that modulates the canonical NF-kappaB signaling cascade.


name: modulation of process of another organism

description: The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or processes of another organism.


RNAi effector complex

description: Any protein complex that mediates the effects of small interfering RNAs on gene expression. Most known examples contain one or more members of the Argonaute family of proteins.


name: positive regulation of cytokine production

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of production of a cytokine.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP.


thymus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thymus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thymus is a symmetric bi-lobed organ involved primarily in the differentiation of immature to mature T cells, with unique vascular, nervous, epithelial, and lymphoid cell components.


name: regulation of sphingolipid biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of sphingolipid biosynthesis. Sphingolipid biosynthesis is the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid).


crizotinib

A  3-[1-(2,6-dichloro-3-fluorophenyl)ethoxy]-5-[1-(piperidin-4-yl)pyrazol-4-yl]pyridin-2-amine that has R configuration at the chiral centre. The active enantiomer, it acts as a kinase inhibitor and is used for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)


Drug-Induced Liver Disease

description: Damage to the liver tissue due to drug overdose.


regulation of chromosome segregation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome segregation, the process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets.


Onychomadesis

description: Complete shedding (separation) of the nail from the proximal matrix. Onychomadesis is the proximal separation of the nail plate from the nail matrix due to a temporary cessation of nail growth.


description: The nucleotide-excision repair process that carries out preferential repair of DNA lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex. In addition, the transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair pathway is required for the recognition and repair of a small subset of lesions that are not recognized by the global genome nucleotide excision repair pathway.


name: regulation of interleukin-1 beta production

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-1 beta production.


enteritis

description: Inflammation of the small intestine.


name: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen

description: The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.


name: skeletal muscle satellite cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a satellite cell.


regulation of cellular response to heat

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to heat.


name: positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-mediated signaling.


oligodendrocyte cell fate specification

description: The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an oligodendrocyte in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


HULC complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex that contains two RING finger proteins, which have ubiquitin ligase activity, in addition to a protein with ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme activity; catalyzes the ubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine 119 (or the equivalent residue). In Schizosaccharomyces the subunits are Rhp6, Shf1, Brl2/Rfp1 and Brl1/Rfp2.


carvedilol

A member of the class of carbazoles that is an adrenergic antagonist with non-selective beta- and alpha-1 receptor blocking properties which helps in the management of congestive heart failure.


Labile affect

description: Emotional instability characterized by rapid and dramatic mood swings. (ACC/AHA)


name: positive regulation of interleukin-6 production

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production.


allergic rhinitis

description: Inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes caused by an IgE-mediated response to external allergens. The inflammation may also involve the mucous membranes of the sinuses, eyes, middle ear, and pharynx. Symptoms include sneezing, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and itching. It may lead to fatigue, drowsiness, and malaise thus causing impairment of the quality of life.


name: succinate dehydrogenase complex (ubiquinone)

description: The enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of succinate and ubiquinone to fumarate and ubiquinol; involved in aerobic respiration, repressed in anaerobic respiration.


methoxsalen

A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.


negative regulation of endocytosis

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis.


internal peptidyl-lysine acetylation

description: The addition of an acetyl group to a non-terminal lysine residue in a protein.


Skin erosion

description: A discontinuity of the skin exhibiting incomplete loss of the epidermis, a lesion that is moist, circumscribed, and usually depressed.


long-chain fatty acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a long-chain fatty acid. A long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 13 to 22 carbons.


name: riboflavin transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of riboflavin from one side of a membrane to the other. Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin, converted in the cell to FMN and FAD, cofactors required for the function of flavoproteins.


collagen metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. Collagen is highly enriched in glycine (some regions are 33% glycine) and proline, occurring predominantly as 3-hydroxyproline (about 20%).


thyroid cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the thyroid gland


tolerance induction

description: A process that directly activates any of the steps required for tolerance, a physiologic state in which the immune system does not react destructively against the components of an organism that harbors it or against antigens that are introduced to it.


Wheezing

description: A high-pitched whistling sound associated with labored breathing.


vaginal discharge

description: Normal or abnormal secretions from the vagina. Mucus produced by the cervical glands is discharged from the vagina naturally, especially during the childbearing years. Causes of abnormal vaginal discharge include infectious agents (e.g., Neisseria gonorrhea, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas, and Candida albicans), the presence of foreign bodies, and cervical or vaginal cancer.


name: intracellularly cGMP-activated cation channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when intracellular cGMP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


aminoacyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an amino-acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


cellular response to lipid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid stimulus.


name: regulation of nucleoside metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleosides.


Stridor

description: Stridor is a high pitched sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the upper airway.


name: positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process.


toll-like receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a toll-like receptor of a target cell. Toll-like receptors directly bind pattern motifs from a variety of microbial sources to initiate an innate immune response.


endonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks.


name: negative regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion.


name: extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane

description: The component of a plasma membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to its cytoplasmic surface, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


very-low-density lipoprotein particle

description: A triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that is typically composed of APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of about 1.006 g/ml and a diameter of between 20-80 nm. It is found in blood and transports endogenous products (newly synthesized cholesterol and triglycerides) from the liver.


name: regulation of cholesterol metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cholesterol metabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways involving cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones.


regulation of stem cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell proliferation. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.


nucleosome binding

description: Binding to a nucleosome, a complex comprised of DNA wound around a multisubunit core and associated proteins, which forms the primary packing unit of DNA into higher order structures.


blastoderm segmentation

description: The hierarchical steps resulting in the progressive subdivision of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo.


name: regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation.


neuron spine

description: A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck.


name: NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + ubiquinone + 5 H+(in) = NAD+ + ubiquinol + 4 H+(out).


mupirocin

An alpha,beta-unsaturated ester resulting from the formal condensation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 9-hydroxynonanoic acid with the carboxy group of (2E)-4-[(2S)-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid in which the tetrahydropyranyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by hydroxy groups and at position 5 by a {(2S,3S)-3-[(2S,3S)-3-hydroxybutan-2-yl]oxiran-2-yl}methyl group. Originally isolated from the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens, it is used as a topical antibiotic for the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections.


bronchial disorder

description: A disease involving the bronchus.


name: negative regulation of muscle organ development

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of muscle development.


regulation of saliva secretion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of saliva from a cell or a tissue.


ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the joining of two molecules, or two groups within a single molecule, using the energy from the hydrolysis of ATP, a similar triphosphate, or a pH gradient.


metalloendopeptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.


chlorpheniramine

A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.


name: positive regulation of stem cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell differentiation.


substantia nigra development

description: The progression of the substantia nigra over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The substantia nigra is the layer of gray substance that separates the posterior parts of the cerebral peduncles (tegmentum mesencephali) from the anterior parts; it normally includes a posterior compact part with many pigmented cells (pars compacta) and an anterior reticular part whose cells contain little pigment (pars reticularis).


striated muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within striated muscle tissue, resulting in the shortening of the muscle. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Striated muscle is a type of muscle in which the repeating units (sarcomeres) of the contractile myofibrils are arranged in registry throughout the cell, resulting in transverse or oblique striations observable at the level of the light microscope.


potassium channel complex

description: An ion channel complex through which potassium ions pass.


ticlopidine

A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.


name: L-aspartate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of L-aspartate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-aspartate is the anion derived from aspartic acid.


name: negative regulation of amide metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides.


fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose 6-phosphate, also known as F6P. The D-enantiomer is an important intermediate in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and fructose metabolism.


phospholipid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a phospholipid, a lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester.


Suicidal ideation

description: Frequent thoughts about or preoccupation with killing oneself.


name: cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor activity

description: Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a cAMP-dependent protein kinase.


female mating behavior

description: The specific behavior of a female organism that is associated with reproduction.


Pollakisuria

description: Increased frequency of urination.


name: positive regulation of microtubule polymerization

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microtubule polymerization.


cellular response to oxidative stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.


late endosome membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding a late endosome.


Supraventricular tachycardia

description: Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is an abnormally increased heart rate (over 100 beats per minute at rest) with origin above the level of the ventricles.


ciliary tip

description: Part of the cilium where the axoneme ends. The ciliary tip has been implicated in ciliary assembly and disassembly, as well as signal transduction.


name: regulation of cytoplasmic mRNA processing body assembly

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a cytoplasmic mRNA processing body.


systemic sclerosis

description: A chronic disorder, possibly autoimmune, marked by excessive production of collagen which results in hardening and thickening of body tissues. The two types of systemic scleroderma, limited cutaneous and diffuse cutaneous are classified with focus on the extent of affected skin. A relationship exists between the extent of skin area affected and degree of internal organ/system involvement. Systemic scleroderma can manifest itself in pulmonary fibrosis, Raynaud's syndrome, digestive system telangiectasias, renal hypertension and/or pulmonary hypertension.


renal system process

description: A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the renal system. The renal system maintains fluid balance, and contributes to electrolyte balance, acid/base balance, and disposal of nitrogenous waste products. In humans, the renal system comprises a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, sphincter muscle and associated blood vessels; in other species, the renal system may comprise related structures (e.g., nephrocytes and malpighian tubules in Drosophila).


monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the incorporation of one atom from molecular oxygen into a compound and the reduction of the other atom of oxygen to water.


muscle cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm affecting the skeletal or smooth muscles. Malignant neoplasms arising from the skeletal muscles are called rhabdomyosarcomas. Malignant neoplasms arising from the smooth muscles are called leiomyosarcomas.


Periodontal Abscess

description: An acute purulent bacterial infection that arises from the tissues that surround and support the teeth.


regulation of catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances.


BLOC complex

description: Any of several protein complexes required for the biogenesis of specialized organelles of the endosomal-lysosomal system, such as melanosomes, platelet dense granules, and other related organelles; acronym for biogenesis of lysosomal-related organelles complex.


formation of primary germ layer

description: The formation of the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm during gastrulation.


glucose-6-phosphate transport

description: The directed movement of glucose-6-phosphate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Glucose-6-phosphate is a monophosphorylated derivative of glucose with the phosphate group attached to C-6.


flumazenil

An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.


Abnormal cry

description: Any anomaly of the vocalizing of an infant's crying, i.e.,the typically loud voice production that is accompanied by tears and agitation.


depressive disorder

description: A melancholy feeling of sadness and despair.


glial cell fate commitment

description: The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a glial cell.


Musculoskeletal Pain

description: Pain that originates in the bones, muscles, tendons or ligaments.


name: pyrimidine ribonucleoside catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which a pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


name: pyruvate family amino acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any amino acid that requires pyruvate for its synthesis, e.g. alanine.


Bowel incontinence

description: Involuntary fecal soiling in adults and children who have usually already been toilet trained.


synaptic membrane

description: A specialized area of membrane on either the presynaptic or the postsynaptic side of a synapse, the junction between a nerve fiber of one neuron and another neuron or muscle fiber or glial cell.


pigmentation

description: The accumulation of pigment in an organism, tissue or cell, either by increased deposition or by increased number of cells.


iloperidone

A member of the class of piperidines that is the 4-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl ether of 3-(piperidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol which is substituted at position 4 of the piperidine ring by a 6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl group. A member of the group of second generation antipsychotics (also known as an atypical antipsychotics), it is used for the treatment of schizophrenia.


name: positive regulation of peptidase activity

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidase activity, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.


name: carbohydrate derivative catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrate derivative.


proximal/distal pattern formation

description: The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from main body (proximal end) of an organism outward (distal end).


description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a substrate.


cerebellar cortex formation

description: The process that gives rise to the cerebellar cortex. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The cerebellar cortex is a thin mantle of gray matter that covers the surface of each cerebral hemisphere. It has a characteristic morphology with convolutions (gyri) and crevices (sulci) that have specific functions. Six layers of nerve cells and the nerve pathways that connect them comprise the cerebellar cortex. Together, these regions are responsible for the processes of conscious thought, perception, emotion and memory as well as advanced motor function.


SMAD protein signal transduction

description: An intracellular signaling cassette that starts with the activation of a SMAD protein, leading to the formation of a complex with co-SMADs, which translocates to the nucleus and regulates transcription of specific target genes.


name: cellular response to growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus.


shelterin complex

description: A nuclear telomere cap complex that is formed by the association of telomeric ssDNA- and dsDNA-binding proteins with telomeric DNA, and is involved in telomere protection and recruitment of telomerase. The complex is known to contain TERF1, TERF2, POT1, RAP1, TINF2 and ACD in mammalian cells, and Pot1, Tpz1, Rap1, Rif1, Rif2 and Taz1 in Saccharomyces. Taz1 and Rap1 (or their mammalian equivalents) form a dsDNA-binding subcomplex, Pot1 and Tpz1 form an ssDNA-binding subcomplex, and the two subcomplexes are bridged by Poz1, which acts as an effector molecule along with Ccq1.


name: condensed chromosome, centromeric region

description: The region of a condensed chromosome that includes the centromere and associated proteins, including the kinetochore. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome.


latanoprost (isopropyl ester)

A prostaglandin Falpha that is the isopropyl ester prodrug of latanoprost free acid. Used in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.


name: positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis.


positive regulation of viral process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant.


name: regulation of epidermal cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal cell differentiation.


name: transferase activity, transferring one-carbon groups

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a one-carbon group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


purine nucleotide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.


synapse organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell).


name: chloride transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of chloride ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


doxepin

A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an  antidepressant drug.


Vasodilation

category: biolink:PhysiologicalProcess biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent


phosphatase complex

description: A protein complex which is capable of phosphatase activity.


name: regulation of Schwann cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of multiplication or reproduction of Schwann cells, resulting in the expansion of their population. Schwann cells are a type of glial cell in the peripheral nervous system.


Sensory Loss

description: Any loss of sensation.


proteoglycan binding

description: Binding to a proteoglycan, any glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans.


Pleural effusion

description: The presence of an excessive amount of fluid in the pleural cavity.


Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

description: Attacks of breathlessness that occur at night and may awaken the sleeping patient.


fusidic acid

A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.


name: regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine.


name: antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I

description: The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules.


name: regulation of nuclear cell cycle DNA replication

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of The DNA-dependent DNA replication that occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic organisms as part of the cell cycle.


aortic valve stenosis

description: Aortic valve stenosis (AVS) is a condition characterized by narrowing of the heart's aortic valve opening. This narrowing prevents the valve from opening fully, which obstructs blood flow from the heart into the aorta, and onward to the rest of the body. AVS can range from mild to severe. Signs and symptoms typically develop when the narrowing of the opening is severe and may include chest pain (angina) or tightness; shortness of breath or fatigue (especially during exertion); feeling faint or fainting; heart palpitations; and heart murmur. Individuals with less severe congenital AVS (present at birth) may not develop symptoms until adulthood. Individuals with severe cases may faint without warning. AVS can have several causes including abnormal development before birth (such as having 1 or 2 valve leaflets instead of 3); calcium build-up on the valve in adulthood; and rheumatic fever.


name: K63-linked polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding

description: Binding to a protein upon poly-ubiquitination formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 63 in the target protein.


vigabatrin

A gamma-amino acid having a gamma-vinyl GABA structure. It is an irreversible inhibitor of gamma-aminobutyric 664 acid transaminase


name: negative regulation of endopeptidase activity

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of endopeptidase activity, the endohydrolysis of peptide bonds within proteins.


name: positive regulation of peptide secretion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of peptide secretion.


name: syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion

description: The formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by the fusion of the plasma membranes of two or more individual cells.


appendage development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an appendage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An appendage is an organ or part that is attached to the trunk of an organism, such as a limb or a branch.


secobarbital

A member of the class of  barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups.


mitoxantrone

A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.


acute promyelocytic leukemia

description: An aggressive form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), characterized by arrest of leukocyte differentiation at the promyelocyte stage, due to a specific chromosomal translocation t(15;17) in myeloid cells. APL manifests with easy bruising, hemorrhagic diathesis and fatigue.


Urethral Pain

description: A painful sensation in the urethra.


long-chain fatty acid import into cell

description: The directed movement of a long-chain fatty acid from outside of a cell into a cell. This may occur via transport across the plasma membrane or via endocytosis. A long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 13 to 22 carbons.


Sneeze

description: A sudden violent, spasmodic, audible expiration of breath through the nose and mouth.


organic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.


cell junction assembly

description: A cellular process that results in the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cell junction.


name: positive regulation of peptidyl-lysine acetylation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-lysine acetylation.


name: positive regulation of response to nutrient levels

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a response to nutrient levels.


name: fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

description: A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway in which the initial step of each oxidation cycle, which converts an acyl-CoA to a trans-2-enoyl-CoA, is catalyzed by acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; the electrons removed by oxidation pass through the respiratory chain to oxygen and leave H2O as the product. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively).


name: positive regulation of interferon-beta production

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-beta production.


chromosomal region

description: Any subdivision of a chromosome along its length.


glossopharyngeal nerve

category: biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Cranial nerve that branches into the ramus communicans (to the skin), the pretrematic (to the walls of the pharynx and mouth, viscero-sensory fibers), and the larval post-trematic branch (lost in the adult).


embryonic digit morphogenesis

description: The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the digit are generated and organized. A digit is one of the terminal divisions of an appendage, such as a finger or toe.


deferiprone

A member of the class of 4-pyridones that is pyridin-4(1H)-one substituted at positions 1 and 2 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a hydroxy group. A lipid-soluble iron-chelator used for treatment of thalassaemia.


name: regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the stress-activated MAPK cascade.


Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul3 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by a BTB-domain-containing protein.


name: intramolecular oxidoreductase activity, transposing S-S bonds

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which the hydrogen donor and acceptor are the same molecule, one or more sulfur-sulfur bonds in the molecule are rearranged, and no oxidized product appears.


linezolid

An organofluorine compound that consists of 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one bearing an N-3-fluoro-4-(morpholin-4-yl)phenyl group as well as an acetamidomethyl group at position 5. A synthetic antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to a site on 23S ribosomal RNA of the 50S subunit and prevents further formation of a functional 70S initiation complex.


name: positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrate.


clarithromycin

The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.


aminosalicylic acid

An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.


rilpivirine

An aminopyrimidine that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine in which the amino groups at positions 2 and 4 are substituted by 4-cyanophenyl and 4-[(E)-2-cyanovinyl]-2,6-dimethylphenyl groups respectively. Used for treatment of HIV.


regulation of NK T cell activation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell activation.


submandibular gland

category: biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Either of the paired compound tubuloalveolar (aka tubuloacinar) major salivary glands composed of both serous and mucous secretory cells and situated beneath the mandible.


name: negative regulation of protein modification process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a protein.


phosphatidylinositol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylinositol, any glycophospholipid in which a sn-glycerol 3-phosphate residue is esterified to the 1-hydroxyl group of 1D-myo-inositol.


granulocyte chemotaxis

description: The movement of a granulocyte in response to an external stimulus.


name: folic acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of folic acid (pteroylglutamic acid) from one side of a membrane to the other. Folic acid is widely distributed as a member of the vitamin B complex and is essential for the synthesis of purine and pyrimidines.


intracellular glucose homeostasis

description: A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of glucose within a cell.


carboxylic ester hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a carboxylic ester bond.


ischemic disease

description: Lack of blood supply to an area of the body, resulting in impairment of tissue oxygenation.


keratinocyte proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Keratinocytes are epidermal cells which synthesize keratin and undergo a characteristic change as they move upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin.


name: nucleoside triphosphate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


organic anion transport

description: The directed movement of organic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage.


name: resolution of meiotic recombination intermediates

description: The cleavage and rejoining of intermediates, such as Holliday junctions, formed during meiotic recombination to produce two intact molecules in which genetic material has been exchanged.


T cell proliferation

description: The expansion of a T cell population by cell division. Follows T cell activation.


emedastine

1-Methyl-1,4-diazepane in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 4 is substituted by a 1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl group. A relatively selective histamine H1 antagonist, it is used as the difumatate salt for allergic rhinitis, urticaria, and pruritic skin disorders, and in eyedrops for the symptomatic relief of allergic conjuntivitis.


asthenopia

description: Term generally used to describe complaints related to refractive error, ocular muscle imbalance, including pain or aching around the eyes, burning and itchiness of the eyelids, ocular fatigue, and headaches.


diethylstilbestrol

An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.


regulation of receptor internalization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of receptor internalization.


name: nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, deadenylation-dependent decay

description: A major pathway of degradation of nuclear-transcribed mRNAs that proceeds through a series of ordered steps that includes poly(A) tail shortening and that can regulate mRNA stability.


ATP-dependent activity, acting on DNA

description: Catalytic activity that acts to modify DNA, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


DNA biosynthetic process

description: The biosynthetic process resulting in the formation of DNA.


neural tube closure

description: The last step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline.


gliogenesis

description: The process that results in the generation of glial cells. This includes the production of glial progenitors and their differentiation into mature glia.


mitochondrial transport

description: Transport of substances into, out of or within a mitochondrion.


name: AV node cell to bundle of His cell communication

description: The process that mediates interactions between an AV node cell and its surroundings that contributes to the process of the AV node cell communicating with a bundle of His cell in cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.


ischemic bowel disorder

description: Disease of the large or small intestine that is caused by inadequate blood supply.


response to hydrogen peroxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus.


monocarboxylic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving monocarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (COOH) group or anion (COO-).


primaquine

An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.


protein methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group (CH3-) to a protein.


nuclear RNA export factor complex

description: A protein complex that contains two proteins (know in several organisms, including Drosophila, as NXF1 and NXF2) and is required for the export of the majority of mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm; localized in the nucleoplasm and at both the nucleoplasmic and cytoplasmic faces of the nuclear pore complex; shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.


ciliary membrane

description: The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a cilium.


ulcerative colitis

description: An inflammatory bowel disease involving the mucosal surface of the large intestine and rectum. It may present with an acute or slow onset and follows an intermittent or continuous course. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, weight loss, and intestinal hemorrhage.


protein transmembrane transport

description: The process in which a protein is transported across a membrane.


Neck pain

description: An unpleasant sensation characterized by physical discomfort (such as pricking, throbbing, or aching) localized to the neck.


telmisartan

A member of the class of  benzimidazoles  used widely in the treatment of hypertension.


name: negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.


binding of sperm to zona pellucida

description: The process in which the sperm binds to the zona pellucida glycoprotein layer of the egg. The process begins with the attachment of the sperm plasma membrane to the zona pellucida and includes attachment of the acrosome inner membrane to the zona pellucida after the acrosomal reaction takes place.


regulation of membrane potential

description: Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.


microbody membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding a microbody.


kinetochore assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the kinetochore, a multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules.


cytokine production

description: The appearance of a cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


alveolus of lung

description: Spherical outcropping of the respiratory bronchioles and primary site of gas exchange with the blood. Alveoli are particular to mammalian lungs. Different structures are involved in gas exchange in other vertebrates[WP].


regulation of ATP metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ATP metabolic process.


positive regulation of cell growth

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.


name: positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway.


synaptonemal complex

description: A proteinaceous scaffold found between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. It consists of 2 lateral elements and a central element, all running parallel to each other. Transverse filaments connect the lateral elements to the central element.


response to carbohydrate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus.


name: leukocyte activation involved in immune response

description: A change in morphology and behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


tetracycline

A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.


name: deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar.


tendinitis

description: Inflammation of a tendon, usually resulting from an overuse injury. It is characterized by swelling of the tendon, tenderness around the inflamed tendon, and pain while moving the affected area of the body.


nerve

description: An enclosed, cable-like bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system originating in a nerve root in the central nervous system (or a condensed nervous structure) connecting with peripheral structures.


protein destabilization

description: Any process that decreases the stability of a protein, making it more vulnerable to degradative processes or aggregation.


lysine N-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue.


name: regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator.


ribose phosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ribose phosphate, any phosphorylated ribose sugar.


morphogenesis of an epithelial fold

description: The morphogenetic process in which an epithelial sheet bends along a linear axis.


name: negative regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading.


Incontinence

description: Involuntary passage of stool or urine from the body.


fluorescein

A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy.


entrainment of circadian clock

description: The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to environmental time cues such as light.


name: inhibition of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity

description: Any process that prevents the activation of an inactive cysteine-type endopeptidase.


microtubule-based movement

description: A microtubule-based process that results in the movement of organelles, other microtubules, or other cellular components. Examples include motor-driven movement along microtubules and movement driven by polymerization or depolymerization of microtubules.


cysteine-type endopeptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the sulfhydryl group of a cysteine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile.


myeloid leukocyte migration

description: The movement of a myeloid leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


prilocaine

An  amino acid amide in which N-propyl-DL-alanine and 2-methylaniline have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.


embryonic limb morphogenesis

description: The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the limb are generated and organized. A limb is an appendage of an animal used for locomotion or grasping.


Fanconi anaemia nuclear complex

description: A protein complex composed of the Fanconi anaemia (FA) proteins including A, C, E, G and F (FANCA-F). Functions in the activation of the downstream protein FANCD2 by monoubiquitylation, and is essential for protection against chromosome breakage.


acute coronary syndrome

description: Signs and symptoms related to acute ischemia of the myocardium secondary to coronary artery disease. The clinical presentation covers a spectrum of heart diseases from unstable angina to myocardial infarction.


name: guanosine-containing compound metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving guanosine-containing compounds (guanosines).


IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis

description: Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is characterized by the development of a fibrotic mass surrounding retroperitoneal structures, such as aorta, vena cava, ureters and psoas muscle.


meiosis I

description: The first meiotic nuclear division in which homologous chromosomes are paired and segregated from each other, producing two haploid daughter nuclei.


brain stem glioma

description: A neuroglial tumor that arises from the brain stem.


lysosomal membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding the lysosome and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm.


name: positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated immune response to tumor cell

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immune response to a tumor cell.


mRNA transport

description: The directed movement of mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


endocardium morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structure of the endocardium is generated and organized. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.


regulation of synaptic plasticity

description: A process that modulates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers.


sulfamethizole

A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2.


cell maturation

description: The cellular developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a specific cell to attain its fully functional state.


myocardial infarction

description: Gross necrosis of the myocardium, as a result of interruption of the blood supply to the area, as in coronary thrombosis.


prostaglandin receptor activity

description: Combining with a prostaglandin (PG) to initiate a change in cell activity.


ethopropazine

A member of the class of phenothiazines that is phenothiazine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)propyl group. An antimuscarinic, it is used as the hydrochloride for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease.


name: negative regulation of protein depolymerization

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein depolymerization.


pharynx cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the pharynx.


sudden sensorineural hearing loss

description: Sensorineural hearing loss which develops suddenly over a period of hours or a few days. It varies in severity from mild to total deafness. Sudden deafness can be due to head trauma, vascular diseases, infections, or can appear without obvious cause or warning.


glycosaminoglycan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosaminoglycans, any of a group of polysaccharides that contain amino sugars.


striated muscle cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a striated muscle cell; striated muscle fibers are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and voluntary muscle are types of striated muscle.


name: carbon catabolite repression of transcription

description: A transcription regulation process in which the presence of one carbon source leads to a decrease in the frequency, rate, or extent of transcription of specific genes involved in the metabolism of other carbon sources. Carbon catabolite repression is a mechanism of genetic regulation which the accumulation of catabolites of one substance in the cell represses the formation of enzymes that contribute to the catabolism of other substances.


Mydriasis

description: Abnormal dilatation of the iris.


blood microparticle

description: A phospholipid microvesicle that is derived from any of several cell types, such as platelets, blood cells, endothelial cells, or others, and contains membrane receptors as well as other proteins characteristic of the parental cell. Microparticles are heterogeneous in size, and are characterized as microvesicles free of nucleic acids.


single strand break repair

description: The repair of single strand breaks in DNA. Repair of such breaks is mediated by the same enzyme systems as are used in base excision repair.


hair follicle development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hair follicle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A hair follicle is a tube-like opening in the epidermis where the hair shaft develops and into which the sebaceous glands open.


histone mRNA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving an mRNA encoding a histone.


viral budding

description: A viral process by which enveloped viruses acquire a host-derived membrane enriched in viral proteins to form their external envelope. The process starts when nucleocapsids, assembled or in the process of being built, induce formation of a membrane curvature in the host plasma or organelle membrane and wrap up in the forming bud. The process ends when the bud is eventually pinched off by membrane scission to release the enveloped particle into the lumenal or extracellular space.


cellular ketone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group, CO, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms, as carried out by individual cells. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR, where R and R are alkyl or aryl groups.


regulation of cholesterol transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of cholesterol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: apoptotic process involved in heart morphogenesis

description: Any apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the heart.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + phosphate.


detoxification of inorganic compound

description: Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of inorganic compounds. These include transport of such compounds away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of inorganic compounds.


name: regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte mediated immunity.


positive regulation of circadian rhythm

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm behavior.


negative regulation of DNA replication

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication.


name: nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside phosphate.


name: positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the formation of a lamellipodium, a thin sheetlike extension of the surface of a migrating cell.


carboxylic acid binding

description: Binding to a carboxylic acid, an organic acid containing one or more carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-).


amphotericin B

A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.


name: regulation of nucleotide metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides.


galantamine

A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.


name: preganglionic parasympathetic fiber development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a preganglionic parasympathetic fiber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A preganglionic parasympathetic fiber is a cholinergic axonal fiber projecting from the CNS to a parasympathetic ganglion.


name: development of primary sexual characteristics

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. The primary sexual characteristics are the testes in males and the ovaries in females and they develop in response to sex hormone secretion.


inositol phosphate phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: inositol phosphate(n) + H2O = inositol phosphate(n-1) + phosphate. This reaction is the removal of a phosphate group from an inositol phosphate.


cuticle development

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cuticle, the outer layer of some animals and plants, which acts to prevent water loss.


striated muscle cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle cells contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle.


name: negative regulation of ubiquitin protein ligase activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ubiquitin protein ligase activity.


pyruvate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyruvate, 2-oxopropanoate.


pes

description: Distal portion of the hind limb, including tarsal region, metatarsal region and digits.


adrenal gland hyperfunction

description: Excess production of adrenal cortex hormones.


basolateral plasma membrane

description: The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis.


Azotemia

description: An increased concentration of nitrogen compounds in the blood.


appendix cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the vermiform appendix


cellular response to gamma radiation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gamma radiation stimulus. Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or light emission of a specific frequency produced from sub-atomic particle interaction, such as electron-positron annihilation and radioactive decay. Gamma rays are generally characterized as EMR having the highest frequency and energy, and also the shortest wavelength, within the electromagnetic radiation spectrum.


aromatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reduction of an aliphatic ring to yield an aromatic ring.


disopyramide

A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a  anti-arrhythmia drug.


viral protein processing

description: Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a viral protein.


glipizide

An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.


cell cortex region

description: The complete extent of cell cortex that underlies some some region of the plasma membrane.


lomustine

An N-nitrosourea that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a 2-chloroethyl group and by a nitroso group, while the other nitrogen is substituted by a cyclohexyl group. An alkylating antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of brain tumours, lung cancer, malignant melanoma and other solid tumours.


furosemide

A  chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.


cinacalcet

A secondary amino compound that is (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethanamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propyl group.


name: regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates.


methyl-CpG binding

description: Binding to a methylated cytosine/guanine dinucleotide.


name: positive regulation of alpha-beta T cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell proliferation.


oxacillin

A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta.


plasma lipoprotein particle clearance

description: The process in which a lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


regulation of heart contraction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction. Heart contraction is the process in which the heart decreases in volume in a characteristic way to propel blood through the body.


Tingling

description: A sensation as of repetitive pin pricks, caused by cold or by striking a nerve, or as a result of various diseases of the central or peripheral nervous system.


name: negative regulation of dephosphorylation

description: Any process the stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of removal of phosphate groups from a molecule.


presynaptic membrane

description: A specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane.


Tenesmus

description: A repeated, painful urge to defecate without excreting stool.


name: detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste

description: The series of events required for a bitter taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal.


Gastric hemorrhage

description: Bleeding from the gastric wall.


phagocytosis

description: A vesicle-mediated transport process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes and their delivery to the lysosome. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles.


name: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen

description: The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell.


MHC class I protein complex

description: A transmembrane protein complex composed of a MHC class I alpha chain and an invariant beta2-microglobin chain, and with or without a bound peptide antigen. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules.


name: negative regulation of epithelial cell migration

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell migration.


multicellular organism growth

description: The increase in size or mass of an entire multicellular organism, as opposed to cell growth.


SAGA-type complex

description: A histone acetyltransferase complex that acetylates nucleosomal histones H2B, H3, or H4 and is required for the expression of a subset of Pol II-transcribed genes. This complex includes the acetyltransferases GCN5/KAT2A or PCAF/KAT2B, several proteins of the ADA, SGF and SPT families, and several TBP-associate proteins (TAFs).


lipid transporter activity

description: Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.


name: positive regulation of amide metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides.


bromfenac

Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure.


name: reactive oxygen species metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a reactive oxygen species, any molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to biopolymers.


gonad development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the gonad over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The gonad is an animal organ that produces gametes; in some species it also produces hormones.


name: signaling receptor complex adaptor activity

description: The binding activity of a molecule that provides a physical support for the assembly of a multiprotein receptor signaling complex.


protein homotetramerization

description: The formation of a protein homotetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated identical subunits.


Ventricular bigeminy

description: An electrocardiographic finding of a normal QRS followed by a premature ventricular contraction; a rhythmic pairing of normal and atypical beats originating in the ventricles in a 1-1 ratio such that an ectopic ventricular beat follows each regular heartbeat.


pyruvate transmembrane transport

description: The directed movement of pyruvate across a membrane.


diflunisal

An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.


leukotriene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid.


anaphase-promoting complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex that degrades mitotic cyclins and anaphase inhibitory protein, thereby triggering sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis. Substrate recognition by APC occurs through degradation signals, the most common of which is termed the Dbox degradation motif, originally discovered in cyclin B.


TRAPP complex

description: A large complex that acts as a tethering factor involved in transporting vesicles from the ER through the Golgi to the plasma membrane. A TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex has a core set of proteins which are joined by specific subunits depending on the cellular component where a given TRAPP complex is active.


transient ischemic attack

description: A brief attack (from a few minutes to an hour) of cerebral dysfunction of vascular origin, with no persistent neurological deficit.


structural constituent of muscle

description: The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a muscle fiber.


Biliary Colic

description: Painful sensation in the gallbladder region.


regulation of lipid storage

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of lipid storage. Lipid storage is the accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of lipids, compounds soluble in organic solvents but insoluble or sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents. Lipid reserves can be accumulated during early developmental stages for mobilization and utilization at later stages of development.


name: positive regulation of CREB transcription factor activity

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activity of the transcription factor CREB.


name: organic hydroxy compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic hydroxy compound.


exonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' or 5' end.


name: somatic diversification of immune receptors via germline recombination within a single locus

description: The process in which immune receptor genes are diversified through recombination of the germline genetic elements within a single genetic locus.


name: organic anion transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of organic anions from one side of a membrane to the other. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage.


membrane protein proteolysis

description: The proteolytic cleavage of a transmembrane protein leading to the release of its intracellular or ecto-domains.


vesicle fusion

description: Fusion of the membrane of a transport vesicle with its target membrane.


Cyanosis

description: Bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosa due to poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of arterial or capillary blood.


name: negative regulation of adaptive immune response

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response.


name: microtubule polymerization or depolymerization

description: Assembly or disassembly of microtubules by the addition or removal of tubulin heterodimers from a microtubule.


organic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.


Ocular pruritus

description: Pruritus is an itch or a sensation that makes a person want to scratch. This term refers to an abnormally increased sensation of itching in the region of the eye.


name: substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading

description: The morphogenetic process that results in flattening of a cell as a consequence of its adhesion to a substrate.


name: pyrimidine ribonucleoside metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


DNA helicase complex

description: A protein complex that possesses DNA helicase activity.


cellular response to interleukin-3

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-3 stimulus.


gefitinib

A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted by a (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)nitrilo group, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propoxy group and a methoxy group at positions 4,6 and 7, respectively. An EGFR kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.


hypothyroidism

description: Abnormally low levels of thyroid hormone.


regulation of interleukin-6 production

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-6 production.


neuromuscular process

description: Any process pertaining to the functions of the nervous and muscular systems of an organism.


Nightmares

description: Frightening dreams, typically occurring during REM sleep, are normal and common in children under 10. However, they can also impact teenagers and adults.


Dry skin

description: Skin characterized by the lack of natural or normal moisture.


agnosia

description: A rare disorder characterized by the lack of ability to recognize individuals, objects, shapes, sounds, or smells. There is no loss of memory. It is caused by neurological damage in the brain, specifically in the occipital or parietal lobes.


response to cAMP

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus.


name: cell migration involved in kidney development

description: The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature organ.


name: quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of quaternary ammonium groups from one side of a membrane to the other. Quaternary ammonium groups are any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups.


regulation of ossification

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ossification, the formation of bone or of a bony substance or the conversion of fibrous tissue or of cartilage into bone or a bony substance.


inorganic anion transport

description: The directed movement of inorganic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage.


bezafibrate

A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-chlorobenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-[4-(2-aminoethyl)phenoxy]-2-methylpropanoic acid. Benafibrate is used for the treatment of hyperlipidaemia.


Muscle spasm

description: Sudden and involuntary contractions of one or more muscles.


name: RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions

description: Splicing of RNA via a series of two transesterification reactions.