fatty acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes.


iron-sulfur cluster assembly

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The incorporation of iron and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster.


[2Fe-2S] cluster assembly

description: The incorporation of two iron atoms and two sulfur atoms into an iron-sulfur cluster.


iron-sulfur cluster assembly complex

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A protein complex capable of assembling an iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster.


name: UBFD1_HUMAN Ubiquitin domain-containing protein UBFD1 (sprot)

description: A ubiquitin domain-containing protein UBFD1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: C56D2_HUMAN Transmembrane reductase CYB561D2 (sprot)

description: A transmembrane reductase CYB561D2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: transmembrane ascorbate ferrireductase activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Oxidation of Fe(3+) to Fe(2+) on the outer side of a membrane coupled to the reduction of L-ascorbate to monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical on the inner side of a membrane. Electrons get transferred across the membrane during the reaction.


name: transmembrane monodehydroascorbate reductase activity

description: Oxidation of monodehydroascorbate outside of a membrane coupled to the reduction of L-ascorbate to monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical on the inner side of a membrane. Electrons get transferred across the membrane during the reaction.


ascorbate homeostasis

description: Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ascorbate at the level of a cell.


name: DC1I1_HUMAN Cytoplasmic dynein 1 intermediate chain 1 (sprot)

description: A cytoplasmic dynein 1 intermediate chain 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


microtubule motor activity

description: A motor activity that generates movement along a microtubule, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


spectrin binding

description: Binding to spectrin, a protein that is the major constituent of the erythrocyte cytoskeletal network. It associates with band 4.1 (see band protein) and actin to form the cytoskeletal superstructure of the erythrocyte plasma membrane. It is composed of nonhomologous chains, alpha and beta, which aggregate side-to-side in an antiparallel fashion to form dimers, tetramers, and higher polymers.


vesicle transport along microtubule

description: The directed movement of a vesicle along a microtubule, mediated by motor proteins. This process begins with the attachment of a vesicle to a microtubule, and ends when the vesicle reaches its final destination.


cytoplasmic dynein complex

description: Any dynein complex with a homodimeric dynein heavy chain core that catalyzes movement along a microtubule. Cytoplasmic dynein complexes participate in many cytoplasmic transport activities in eukaryotes, such as mRNA localization, intermediate filament transport, nuclear envelope breakdown, apoptosis, transport of centrosomal proteins, mitotic spindle assembly, virus transport, kinetochore functions, and movement of signaling and spindle checkpoint proteins. Some complexes participate in intraflagellar transport. Subunits associated with the dynein heavy chain mediate association between dynein heavy chain and cargoes, and may include light chains and light intermediate chains.


name: CTRO_HUMAN Citron Rho-interacting kinase (sprot)

description: A citron Rho-interacting kinase that is encoded in the genome of human.


transcription coactivator binding

description: Binding to a transcription coactivator, a protein involved in positive regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other proteins that positively regulate transcription. Transcription coactivators do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery.


mitotic cell cycle

description: Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, which canonically comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M and includes replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. In some variant cell cycles nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division, or G1 and G2 phases may be absent.


positive regulation of cytokinesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell, and its separation into two daughter cells.


generation of neurons

description: The process in which nerve cells are generated. This includes the production of neuroblasts and their differentiation into neurons.


neuron apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a neuron, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system.


name: COPE_HUMAN Coatomer subunit epsilon (sprot)

description: A coatomer subunit epsilon that is encoded in the genome of human.


intra-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport

description: The directed movement of substances within the Golgi, mediated by small transport vesicles. These either fuse with the cis-Golgi or with each other to form the membrane stacks known as the cis-Golgi reticulum (network).


protein localization to axon

description: A process in which a protein is transported to or maintained in a location within an axon.


COPI vesicle coat

description: One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. The mammalian COPI subunits are called alpha-, beta-, beta'-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-COP. Vesicles with COPI coats are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state.


name: OR7AH_HUMAN Olfactory receptor 7A17 (sprot)

description: An olfactory receptor 7A17 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: RFXK_HUMAN DNA-binding protein RFXANK (sprot)

description: A DNA-binding protein RFXANK that is encoded in the genome of human.


histone deacetylase binding

description: Binding to histone deacetylase.


name: NCAN_HUMAN Neurocan core protein (sprot)

description: A neurocan core protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


hyaluronic acid binding

description: Binding to hyaluronic acid, a polymer composed of repeating dimeric units of glucuronic acid and N-acetyl glucosamine.


name: CTDS2_HUMAN Carboxy-terminal domain RNA polymerase II polypeptide A small phosphatase 2 (sprot)

description: A carboxy-terminal domain RNA polymerase II polypeptide A small phosphatase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: RNA polymerase II CTD heptapeptide repeat phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat--phospho-L-serine/threonine (consensus YSPTSPS) + H2O = RNA polymerase II large subunit + phosphate.


name: VCY1_HUMAN Testis-specific basic protein Y 1 (sprot)

description: A testis-specific basic protein Y 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: VCY2_HUMAN Testis-specific basic protein Y 2 (sprot)

description: A testis-specific basic protein Y 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HECT domain binding

description: Binding to a HECT, 'Homologous to the E6-AP Carboxy-Terminus', domain of a protein.


name: IF1AY_HUMAN Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, Y-chromosomal (sprot)

description: A eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A, Y-chromosomal that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: TYB4Y_HUMAN Thymosin beta-4, Y-chromosomal (sprot)

description: A thymosin beta-4, Y-chromosomal that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: regulation of actin polymerization or depolymerization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly or disassembly of actin filaments by the addition or removal of actin monomers from a filament.


name: UTY_HUMAN Histone demethylase UTY (sprot)

description: A histone demethylase UTY that is encoded in the genome of human.


histone demethylase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from a histone.


name: XKRY_HUMAN Testis-specific XK-related protein, Y-linked (sprot)

description: A testis-specific XK-related protein, Y-linked that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: GBGT2_HUMAN Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 (sprot)

description: A guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: BORG1_HUMAN Cdc42 effector protein 2 (sprot)

description: A Cdc42 effector protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


opioid peptide activity

description: Naturally occurring peptide that is an opioid (any non-alkaloid having an opiate-like effect that can be reversed by naloxone or other recognized morphine antagonist). These include Leu- and Met-enkephalin, dynorphin and neoendorphin, alpha, beta, gamma and delta endorphins formed from beta-lipotropin, various pronase-resistant peptides such as beta casamorphin, and other peptides whose opiate-like action seems to be indirect.


name: AP3D1_HUMAN AP-3 complex subunit delta-1 (sprot)

description: An AP-3 complex subunit delta-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


synaptic vesicle coating

description: The formation of clathrin coated pits in the presynaptic membrane endocytic zone, triggered by the presence of high concentrations of synaptic vesicle components. This process leads to, but does not include budding of the membrane to form new vesicles.


endosome to melanosome transport

description: The directed movement of substances from endosomes to the melanosome, a specialised lysosome-related organelle.


zinc ion import into lysosome

description: The directed import of zinc(2+) from the cytosol, across an organelle membrane, into a lysosome.


name: CCS_HUMAN Copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (sprot)

description: A copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase that is encoded in the genome of human.


protein-disulfide reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a protein with reduced sulfide groups = a protein with oxidized disulfide bonds.


name: protein maturation by copper ion transfer

description: A process that contributes to the delivery of copper ions to a target protein.


name: CXL11_HUMAN C-X-C motif chemokine 11 (sprot)

description: A C-X-C motif chemokine 11 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CXCR3 chemokine receptor binding

description: Binding to a CXCR3 chemokine receptor.


name: adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway in which the signal is transmitted via the activation of adenylyl cyclase activity which results in an increase in the intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP). This pathway is negatively regulated by phosphodiesterase, which cleaves cAMP and terminates the signaling.


name: positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the release into the cytosolic compartment of calcium ions sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum or mitochondria.


name: GP171_HUMAN G-protein coupled receptor 171 (sprot)

description: A G-protein coupled receptor 171 that is encoded in the genome of human.


neuropeptide receptor activity

description: Combining with a neuropeptide to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity

description: Combining with a peptide and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


neuropeptide binding

description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently and stoichiometrically with neuropeptides, peptides with direct synaptic effects (peptide neurotransmitters) or indirect modulatory effects on the nervous system (peptide neuromodulators).


name: adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway in which the signal is transmitted via the activation or inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity and a subsequent change in the intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP (cAMP).


name: G protein-coupled purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by an extracellular purine nucleotide binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: regulation of sensory perception of pain

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the sensory perception of pain, the series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal.


name: CDX4_HUMAN Homeobox protein CDX-4 (sprot)

description: A homeobox protein CDX-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


labyrinthine layer development

description: The process in which the labyrinthine layer of the placenta progresses, from its formation to its mature state.


name: ZN195_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 195 (sprot)

description: A zinc finger protein 195 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: LCE2B_HUMAN Late cornified envelope protein 2B (sprot)

description: A late cornified envelope protein 2B that is encoded in the genome of human.


epidermis development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the epidermis over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The epidermis is the outer epithelial layer of an animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species.


name: ENPP3_HUMAN Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3 (sprot)

description: An ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


inorganic diphosphate transport

description: The directed movement of inorganic diphosphate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: P(1),P(4)-bis(5'-nucleosyl)tetraphosphate + H2O = NTP + NMP. Acts on bis(5'-guanosyl)-, bis(5'-xanthosyl)-, bis(5'-adenosyl)- and bis(5'-uridyl)-tetraphosphate.


phosphodiesterase I activity

description: Catalysis of the sequential hydrolytic removal of 5'-nucleotides from the 3'-hydroxy termini of 3'-hydroxy-terminated oligonucleotides.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: P1-P6-bis(5'-adenosyl) pentaphosphate + H2O = AMP + adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate.


name: nucleoside triphosphate diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = a nucleotide + H+ + diphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: P(1),P(3)-bis(5'-adenosyl) triphosphate + H2O = ADP + AMP + 2 H+.


name: basophil activation involved in immune response

description: A change in morphology and behavior of a basophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the basophil has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pyrimidine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a pyrimidine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.


name: nucleoside triphosphate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


name: negative regulation of mast cell activation involved in immune response

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation as part of an immune response.


phosphate ion homeostasis

description: Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of phosphate ions within an organism or cell.


name: negative regulation of mast cell proliferation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of mast cell proliferation.


name: ABLM1_HUMAN Actin-binding LIM protein 1 (sprot)

description: An actin-binding LIM protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


animal organ morphogenesis

description: Morphogenesis of an animal organ. An organ is defined as a tissue or set of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.


name: DVL1_HUMAN Segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 (sprot)

description: A segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


neuromuscular junction development

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a neuromuscular junction.


synaptic vesicle exocytosis

description: Fusion of intracellular membrane-bounded vesicles with the pre-synaptic membrane of the neuronal cell resulting in release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.


neural tube development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural tube over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mature structure of the neural tube exists when the tube has been segmented into the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain and spinal cord regions. In addition neural crest has budded away from the epithelium.


name: convergent extension involved in neural plate elongation

description: The process of directed cell movement in the neural plate resulting in tissue elongation via intercalation of adjacent cells in an epithelial sheet at the midline, leading to narrowing and lengthening of the neural plate.


cytoplasmic microtubule organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in the cytoplasm of a cell.


name: positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome.


protein localization to nucleus

description: A process in which a protein transports or maintains the localization of another protein to the nucleus.


social behavior

description: Behavior directed towards society, or taking place between members of the same species. Occurs predominantly, or only, in individuals that are part of a group.


protein localization to microtubule

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a microtubule.


non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway

description: A type of Wnt signaling pathway in which Wnt binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell results in the by propagation of the molecular signals via effectors other than beta-catenin.


collateral sprouting

description: The process in which outgrowths develop from the shafts of existing axons.


axon extension

description: Long distance growth of a single axon process involved in cellular development.


dendrite morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of a dendrite are generated and organized.


prepulse inhibition

description: The process in which a startle magnitude is reduced when the startling stimulus is preceded by a low-intensity prepulse.


name: skeletal muscle acetylcholine-gated channel clustering

description: The accumulation of acetylcholine-gated cation channels in a narrow, central region of muscle fibers, in apposition to nerve terminals.


cochlea morphogenesis

description: The process in which the cochlea is generated and organized.


name: positive regulation of neuron projection arborization

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which the anatomical structures of a neuron projection are generated and organized into branches.


neuronal dense core vesicle

description: A dense core vesicle (granule) that is part of a neuron. These vesicles typically contain neuropeptides. They can be found in all parts of neurons, including the soma, dendrites, axonal swellings (varicosities) and synaptic terminals.


Wnt signalosome

description: A multiprotein protein complex containing membrane-localized Wnt receptors and cytosolic protein complexes, which is capable of transmitting the Wnt signal. Contains at least a Wnt protein, LRP5 or LRP6, a member of the Frizzled (Fz) family, Axin and and a Dishevelled (DVL) protein.


name: DVL2_HUMAN Segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 (sprot)

description: A segment polarity protein dishevelled homolog DVL-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


neural tube closure

description: The last step in the formation of the neural tube, where the paired neural folds are brought together and fuse at the dorsal midline.


name: positive regulation of JUN kinase activity

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of JUN kinase activity.


aggresome

description: An inclusion body formed by dynein-dependent retrograde transport of an aggregated protein on microtubules.


clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle

description: A clathrin-coated, membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed by invagination of the plasma membrane around an extracellular substance.


name: IDLC_HUMAN Axonemal dynein light intermediate polypeptide 1 (sprot)

description: An axonemal dynein light intermediate polypeptide 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


sperm flagellum assembly

description: The assembly and organization of the sperm flagellum, the microtubule-based axoneme and associated structures that are part of a sperm flagellum (or cilium).


dynein axonemal particle

description: An aggregation of axonemal dyneins, their specific assembly factors, and broadly-acting chaperones that is located in the cytoplasm.


dynein complex

description: Any of several large complexes that contain two or three dynein heavy chains and several light chains, and have microtubule motor activity.


name: CHD1_HUMAN Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 1 (sprot)

description: A chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


helicase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix.


name: positive regulation by host of viral transcription

description: Any process in which a host organism activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral transcription, the synthesis of either RNA on a template of DNA or DNA on a template of RNA.


nuclear chromosome

description: A chromosome that encodes the nuclear genome and is found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell during the cell cycle phases when the nucleus is intact.


name: CHD2_HUMAN Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 2 (sprot)

description: A chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a hematopoietic stem cell. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.


name: KCNK3_HUMAN Potassium channel subfamily K member 3 (sprot)

description: A potassium channel subfamily K member 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: open rectifier potassium channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by an open rectifier voltage-gated channel. An open rectifier current-voltage relationship is one in which the direction of rectification depends on the external potassium ion concentration.


S100 protein binding

description: Binding to a S100 protein. S100 is a small calcium and zinc binding protein produced in astrocytes that is implicated in Alzheimer's disease, Down Syndrome and ALS.


name: negative regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration

description: Any process that decreases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol.


cellular response to zinc ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a zinc ion stimulus.


name: GOSR2_HUMAN Golgi SNAP receptor complex member 2 (sprot)

description: A Golgi SNAP receptor complex member 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle transporting substances from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi.


name: IRS4_HUMAN Insulin receptor substrate 4 (sprot)

description: An insulin receptor substrate 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TOR1A_HUMAN Torsin-1A (sprot)

A torsin-1A that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: regulation of protein localization to cell surface

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to the cell surface.


misfolded protein binding

description: Binding to a misfolded protein.


protein deneddylation

description: The removal of a ubiquitin-like protein of the NEDD8 type from a protein.


organelle organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle within a cell. An organelle is an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane.


nuclear envelope organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear envelope.


synaptic vesicle transport

description: The directed movement of synaptic vesicles.


synaptic vesicle membrane organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the membrane surrounding a synaptic vesicle.


name: chaperone cofactor-dependent protein refolding

description: The process of assisting in the correct posttranslational noncovalent assembly of proteins, which is dependent on additional protein cofactors. This process occurs over one or several cycles of nucleotide hydrolysis-dependent binding and release.


name: regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of the catecholamine neurotransmitter dopamine into a cell.


name: positive regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle endocytosis.


synaptic vesicle

description: A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane.


secretory granule

description: A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules.


TOR1B_HUMAN Torsin-1B (sprot)

A torsin-1B that is encoded in the genome of human.


STX16_HUMAN Syntaxin-16 (sprot)

A syntaxin-16 that is encoded in the genome of human.


SNAP receptor activity

description: Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion.


Golgi cisterna

description: Any of the thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments that form the central portion of the Golgi complex.


name: TMG1_HUMAN Transmembrane gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein 1 (sprot)

description: A transmembrane gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: TMG2_HUMAN Transmembrane gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein 2 (sprot)

description: A transmembrane gamma-carboxyglutamic acid protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: ADA10_HUMAN Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (sprot)

description: A disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis

description: The proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins and release of their ectodomain (extracellular domain).


endopeptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain.


metallodipeptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.


name: metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process

description: Any metalloendopeptidase activity that is involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process.


protein processing

description: Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. Protein maturation is the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein.


adherens junction organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments.


response to tumor necrosis factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tumor necrosis factor stimulus.


name: epidermal growth factor receptor ligand maturation

description: Any process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a ligand for an epidermal growth factor receptor. The ligand is functional when it can bind to and activate an epidermal growth factor receptor.


monocyte activation

description: The change in morphology and behavior of a monocyte resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.


name: amyloid precursor protein catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of amyloid-beta, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease.


pore complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a pore complex. A pore complex is a small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of liquids and/or gases.


name: constitutive protein ectodomain proteolysis

description: The proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins and release of their ectodomain that occurs constantly, regardless of environmental conditions or demands.


name: regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane.


name: protein catabolic process at postsynapse

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at a postsynapse.


regulation of vasculature development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vasculature development.


Golgi-associated vesicle

description: Any vesicle associated with the Golgi complex and involved in mediating transport within the Golgi or between the Golgi and other parts of the cell.


perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum

description: The portion of endoplasmic reticulum, the intracellular network of tubules and cisternae, that occurs near the nucleus. The lumen of the perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum is contiguous with the nuclear envelope lumen (also called perinuclear space), the region between the inner and outer nuclear membranes.


tetraspanin-enriched microdomain

description: A pre-organized unit composed either of adhesion molecules (mainly integrins and members of the Ig superfamily), signaling receptors and/or enzyme-enriched plasma membrane domains that compartmentalizes cellular processes. Tetraspanin-enriched microdomains might be specially suited for the regulation of avidity of adhesion receptors and the compartmentalization of enzymatic activities.


pore complex

description: A protein complex providing a discrete opening in a membrane that allows the passage of gases and/or liquids.


name: ABCD4_HUMAN Lysosomal cobalamin transporter ABCD4 (sprot)

description: A lysosomal cobalamin transporter ABCD4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: ABC-type vitamin B12 transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: vitamin B12(out) + ATP + H2O = ADP + an vitamin B12(in) + H+ + phosphate. Vitamin B12 is alkylcob(III)alamin.


name: ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activity

description: Primary active transporter of a solute across a membrane, via the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to directly drive the transport of a substance across a membrane. The transport protein may be transiently phosphorylated (P-type transporters), or not (ABC-type transporters and other families of transporters). Primary active transport occurs up the solute's concentration gradient and is driven by a primary energy source.


cobalamin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cobalamin (vitamin B12), a water-soluble vitamin characterized by possession of a corrin nucleus containing a cobalt atom.


cobalamin transport

description: The directed movement of cobalamin (vitamin B12), a water-soluble vitamin characterized by possession of a corrin nucleus containing a cobalt atom, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex

description: A complex for the transport of metabolites into and out of the cell, typically comprised of four domains; two membrane-associated domains and two ATP-binding domains at the intracellular face of the membrane, that form a central pore through the plasma membrane. Each of the four core domains may be encoded as a separate polypeptide or the domains can be fused in any one of a number of ways into multidomain polypeptides. In Bacteria and Archaebacteria, ABC transporters also include substrate binding proteins to bind substrate external to the cytoplasm and deliver it to the transporter.


name: EI24_HUMAN Etoposide-induced protein 2.4 homolog (sprot)

description: An etoposide-induced protein 2.4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


importin-alpha family protein binding

description: Binding to a member of the importin-alpha family.


name: ENC1_HUMAN Ectoderm-neural cortex protein 1 (sprot)

description: An ectoderm-neural cortex protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome but do not involve ubiquitin.


name: P5I11_HUMAN Tumor protein p53-inducible protein 11 (sprot)

description: A tumor protein p53-inducible protein 11 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: PTGES_HUMAN Prostaglandin E synthase (sprot)

description: A prostaglandin E synthase that is encoded in the genome of human.


glutathione transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: R-X + glutathione = H-X + R-S-glutathione. R may be an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic group; X may be a sulfate, nitrile or halide group.


glutathione peroxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 glutathione + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized glutathione + 2 H2O.


prostaglandin-D synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H(2) = prostaglandin D(2).


glutathione binding

description: Binding to glutathione; a tripeptide composed of the three amino acids cysteine, glutamic acid and glycine.


prostaglandin-E synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H(2) = prostaglandin E(2).


prostaglandin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandins, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring.


sensory perception of pain

description: The series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Pain is medically defined as the physical sensation of discomfort or distress caused by injury or illness, so can hence be described as a harmful stimulus which signals current (or impending) tissue damage. Pain may come from extremes of temperature, mechanical damage, electricity or from noxious chemical substances. This is a neurological process.


regulation of fever generation

description: Any process that modulates the rate or extent of fever generation.


name: positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a prostaglandin from a cell.


regulation of inflammatory response

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response, the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents.


nuclear envelope lumen

description: The region between the two lipid bilayers of the nuclear envelope; 20-40 nm wide.


name: KMT2D_HUMAN Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2D (sprot)

description: A histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2D that is encoded in the genome of human.


histone H3K4 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H3 L-lysine (position 4) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 4). This reaction is the addition of up to three methyl groups to the lysine residue at position 4 of the histone H3 protein.


name: histone H3K4 monomethyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl4-[histone H3] + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + N6-methyl-L-lysyl4-[histone H3] + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. This reaction is the addition of a single methyl group to the unmethylated lysine residue at position 4 of histone H3, producing histone H3K4me.


name: histone H3K4 trimethyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl4-[histone H3] + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2 H+ + N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysyl4-[histone H3] + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. This reaction is the successive addition of three methyl groups to the unmethylated lysine residue at position 4 of histone H3, producing histone H3K4me3.


oocyte growth

description: The developmental growth process in which an oocyte irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present.


heterochromatin formation

description: An epigenetic gene silencing mechanism in which chromatin is compacted into heterochromatin, resulting in a chromatin conformation refractory to transcription. This process starts with heterochromatin nucleation, its spreading, and ends with heterochromatin boundary formation.


name: positive regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of an intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway.


beta-catenin-TCF complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a beta-catenin-TCF complex.


MLL3/4 complex

description: A protein complex that can methylate lysine-4 of histone H3, and which contains either of the protein subunits MLL3 or MLL4 in mammals, or equivalent in other species.


name: ZN197_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 197 (sprot)

description: A zinc finger protein 197 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: ITBP1_HUMAN Integrin beta-1-binding protein 1 (sprot)

description: An integrin beta-1-binding protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity

description: Prevents the dissociation of GDP from a GTPase, thereby preventing GTP from binding.


name: blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis

description: The multiplication or reproduction of blood vessel endothelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population contributing to sprouting angiogenesis.


name: negative regulation of protein kinase activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.


name: negative regulation of cell adhesion involved in substrate-bound cell migration

description: The disassembly of adhesions at the front and rear of a migrating cell. At the leading edge, adhesion disassembly accompanies the formation of new protrusions; at the cell rear, it promotes tail retraction.


name: negative regulation of fibroblast migration

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium.


negative regulation of protein binding

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein binding.


activation of protein kinase B activity

description: Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase B.


name: regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin.


tube formation

description: Creation of the central hole of a tube in an anatomical structure through which gases and/or liquids flow.


name: cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus.


regulation of GTPase activity

description: Any process that modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.


name: cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an fibroblast growth factor stimulus.


myoblast migration

description: The orderly movement of a myoblast from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. A myoblast is a cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


name: positive regulation of stress fiber assembly

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of a stress fiber, a bundle of microfilaments and other proteins found in fibroblasts.


positive regulation of cell division

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell division.


name: positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion assembly, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions.


name: negative regulation of focal adhesion assembly

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of focal adhesion assembly, the establishment and maturation of focal adhesions.


name: negative regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis. Cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis is the orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels contributing to the process of sprouting angiogenesis.


name: negative regulation of protein targeting to membrane

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the process of directing proteins towards a membrane, usually using signals contained within the protein.


blood vessel diameter maintenance

description: Any process that modulates the diameter of blood vessels.


name: negative regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading.


name: regulation of integrin-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of integrin-mediated signaling pathway.


name: RGPD8_HUMAN RANBP2-like and GRIP domain-containing protein 8 (sprot)

description: A RANBP2-like and GRIP domain-containing protein 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: TRDMT_HUMAN tRNA (cytosine(38)-C(5))-methyltransferase (sprot)

description: A tRNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


tRNA methylation

description: The posttranscriptional addition of methyl groups to specific residues in a tRNA molecule.


tRNA methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from a donor to a nucleoside residue in a tRNA molecule.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a cytidine in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = a 5-methylcytidine in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+. This modification can occur on seversal residues, including cytidine(34), cytidine(40), cytidine(48), and cytidine(49).


response to amphetamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amphetamine stimulus. Amphetamines consist of a group of compounds related to alpha-methylphenethylamine.


tRNA modification

description: The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a tRNA molecule to produce a tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.


tRNA stabilization

description: Prevention of degradation of tRNA molecules.


name: OPSX_HUMAN Visual pigment-like receptor peropsin (sprot)

description: A visual pigment-like receptor peropsin that is encoded in the genome of human.


detection of visible light

description: The series of events in which a visible light stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. A visible light stimulus is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived visually by an organism; for organisms lacking a visual system, this can be defined as light with a wavelength within the range 380 to 780 nm.


name: APAF_HUMAN Apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 (sprot)

description: An apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


nucleotide binding

description: Binding to a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.


name: cysteine-type endopeptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic process

description: Binds to and increases the rate of proteolysis catalyzed by a cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in the apoptotic process.


heat shock protein binding

description: Binding to a heat shock protein, a protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock.


ADP binding

description: Binding to ADP, adenosine 5'-diphosphate.


kidney development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and/or excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.


name: activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process by cytochrome c

description: Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme cysteine-type endopeptidase in the context of an apoptotic process and is mediated by cytochrome c.


cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process

description: A form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases, whose actions dismantle a cardiac muscle cell and result in its death. Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction.


forebrain development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the forebrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The forebrain is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions).


name: response to G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of G1/S transition DNA damage checkpoint signaling.


name: regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic DNA fragmentation.


name: positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway.


apoptosome

description: A multisubunit protein complex involved in the signaling phase of the apoptotic process. In mammals it is typically composed of seven Apaf-1 subunits bound to cytochrome c and caspase-9. A similar complex to promote apoptosis is formed from homologous gene products in other eukaryotic organisms.


name: RIOK3_HUMAN Serine/threonine-protein kinase RIO3 (sprot)

description: A serine/threonine-protein kinase RIO3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


caspase binding

description: Binding to a caspase family protein.


name: negative regulation of MDA-5 signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the series of the MDA-5 signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of innate immune response

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection.


cellular response to dsRNA

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a double-stranded RNA stimulus.


cellular response to dsDNA

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a double-stranded DNA stimulus.


preribosome, small subunit precursor

description: A preribosomal complex consisting of 20S pre-rRNA, ribosomal proteins including late-associating small subunit proteins, and associated proteins; a precursor of the eukaryotic cytoplasmic small ribosomal subunit.


name: IMPA2_HUMAN Inositol monophosphatase 2 (sprot)

description: An inositol monophosphatase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: inositol monophosphate 1-phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol 1-phosphate + H2O = myo-inositol + phosphate.


name: inositol monophosphate 3-phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol 3-phosphate + H2O = myo-inositol + phosphate.


name: inositol monophosphate 4-phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol 4-phosphate + H2O = myo-inositol + phosphate.


inositol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.


response to lithium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lithium (Li+) ion stimulus.


name: MP2K7_HUMAN Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 (sprot)

description: A dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


MAP kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: protein + ATP = protein phosphate + ADP. This reaction is the phosphorylation of proteins. Mitogen-activated protein kinase; a family of protein kinases that perform a crucial step in relaying signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. They are activated by a wide range of proliferation- or differentiation-inducing signals; activation is strong with agonists such as polypeptide growth factors and tumor-promoting phorbol esters, but weak (in most cell backgrounds) by stress stimuli.


MAP kinase kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the concomitant phosphorylation of threonine (T) and tyrosine (Y) residues in a T-X-Y motif in the activation loop of a MAP kinase (MAPK) substrate.


protein tyrosine kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.


JUN kinase kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the phosphorylation of tyrosine and threonine residues in a c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), a member of a subgroup of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), which signal in response to cytokines and exposure to environmental stress. JUN kinase kinase (JNKK) is a dual-specificity protein kinase kinase and requires activation by a serine/threonine kinase JUN kinase kinase kinase.


molecular function activator activity

description: A molecular function regulator that activates or increases the activity of its target via non-covalent binding that does not result in covalent modification to the target.


response to osmotic stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell.


response to heat

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.


name: positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase.


Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the Fc portion of immunoglobulin E (IgE) to an Fc-epsilon receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region.


name: positive regulation of telomerase activity

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of telomerase activity, the catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1).


cellular senescence

description: A cell aging process stimulated in response to cellular stress, whereby normal cells lose the ability to divide through irreversible cell cycle arrest.


positive regulation of telomere capping

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of telomere capping.


name: regulation of motor neuron apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron apoptotic process.


name: ACOT8_HUMAN Acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8 (sprot)

description: An acyl-coenzyme A thioesterase 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


acetyl-CoA hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + H2O = acetate + CoA + H+.


succinyl-CoA hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + succinyl-CoA = CoA + H+ + succinate.


acyl-CoA hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an acyl-CoA + H2O = a carboxylate + CoA + H+.


choloyl-CoA hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: choloyl-CoA + H2O = cholate + CoA.


acetoacetyl-CoA hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetoacetyl-CoA + H2O = acetoacetate + CoA + H+.


fatty acyl-CoA hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a fatty acyl-CoA + H2O = a fatty acid + CoA + H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + H2O = 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate + CoA + H+.


name: medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA + H2O = a medium-chain fatty acid + CoA + H+. A medium-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 6 to 12 carbons.


acyl-CoA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with an acyl group.


bile acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile.


name: fatty acid beta-oxidation using acyl-CoA oxidase

description: A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway in which the initial step, which converts an acyl-CoA to a trans-2-enoyl-CoA, is catalyzed by acyl-CoA oxidase; the electrons removed by oxidation pass directly to oxygen and produce hydrogen peroxide, which is cleaved by peroxisomal catalases. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively).


alpha-linolenic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving alpha-linolenic acid, an unsaturated omega-6 fatty acid that has the molecular formula C18H32O2.


dicarboxylic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing two carboxyl (-COOH) groups.


negative regulation of CD4 production

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD4.


name: CDIPT_HUMAN CDP-diacylglycerol--inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase (sprot)

description: A CDP-diacylglycerol--inositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol + CDP-diacylglycerol = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol + CMP + H+.


name: PDCD5_HUMAN Programmed cell death protein 5 (sprot)

description: A programmed cell death protein 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


acetyltransferase activator activity

description: Binds to and increases the activity of an acetyltransferase, an enzyme which catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group to an acceptor molecule.


beta-tubulin binding

description: Binding to the microtubule constituent protein beta-tubulin.


name: positive regulation of protein insertion into mitochondrial outer membrane

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein insertion into mitochondrial outer membrane.


name: negative regulation of chaperone-mediated protein folding

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chaperone-mediated protein folding.


name: ANM5_HUMAN Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (sprot)

description: A protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


peptidyl-arginine N-methylation

description: The addition of a methyl group onto a nitrogen atom of an arginine residue in a protein.


p53 binding

description: Binding to one of the p53 family of proteins.


methyl-CpG binding

description: Binding to a methylated cytosine/guanine dinucleotide.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (protein)-arginine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (protein)-N-methyl-arginine.


name: protein-arginine omega-N symmetric methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the addition of a second methyl group to methylated peptidyl-arginine. Methylation is on the terminal nitrogen (omega nitrogen) residue that is not already methylated, resulting in symmetrical peptidyl-N(omega),N'(omega)-dimethyled arginine residues.


histone methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + methyl-histone. Histone methylation generally occurs on either an arginine or a lysine residue.


histone H4R3 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (histone H4)-arginine (position 3) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (histone H4)-N-methyl-arginine (position 3). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the arginine residue at position 3 of histone H4, producing histone H4R3me.


histone H3 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a histone H3 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a methylated histone H3. Histone methylation generally occurs on either an arginine or a lysine residue.


DNA-templated transcription termination

description: The completion of transcription: the RNA polymerase pauses, the RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, followed by the release of the RNA polymerase from its DNA template.


regulation of mitotic nuclear division

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitosis.


peptidyl-arginine methylation

description: The addition of a methyl group to an arginine residue in a protein.


endothelial cell activation

description: The change in morphology and behavior of an endothelial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor.


name: negative regulation of gene expression via chromosomal CpG island methylation

description: An epigenetic gene regulation mechanism that negatively regulates gene expression by methylation of cytosine residues in chromosomal CpG islands. CpG islands are genomic regions that contain a high frequency of the CG dinucleotide associated with the transcription start site of genes.


name: positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation.


Golgi ribbon formation

description: The formation of a continuous ribbon of interconnected Golgi stacks of flat cisternae.


liver regeneration

description: The regrowth of lost or destroyed liver.


name: positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting dopamine receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting dopamine receptor signaling pathway.


methylosome

description: A large (20 S) protein complex that possesses protein arginine methyltransferase activity and modifies specific arginines to dimethylarginines in the arginine- and glycine-rich domains of several spliceosomal Sm proteins, thereby targeting these proteins to the survival of motor neurons (SMN) complex for assembly into small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) core particles. Proteins found in the methylosome include the methyltransferase JBP1 (PRMT5), pICln (CLNS1A), MEP50 (WDR77), and unmethylated forms of SM proteins that have RG domains.


name: NHRF1_HUMAN Na(+)/H(+) exchange regulatory cofactor NHE-RF1 (sprot)

description: A Na(+)/H(+) exchange regulatory cofactor NHE-RF1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


morphogenesis of an epithelium

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube.


name: gamma-aminobutyric acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of gamma-aminobutyric acid from one side of a membrane to the other. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is 4-aminobutyrate (GABA).


beta-2 adrenergic receptor binding

description: Binding to a beta-2 adrenergic receptor.


name: type 2 metabotropic glutamate receptor binding

description: Binding to a type 2 metabotropic glutamate receptor.


name: type 3 metabotropic glutamate receptor binding

description: Binding to a type 3 metabotropic glutamate receptor.


myosin II binding

description: Binding to a class II myosin, any member of the class of 'conventional' double-headed myosins that includes muscle myosin.


dopamine receptor binding

description: Binding to a dopamine receptor.


growth factor receptor binding

description: Binding to a growth factor receptor.


channel activator activity

description: Direct interaction with a channel (binding or modification), resulting in its opening. A channel catalyzes energy-independent facilitated diffusion, mediated by passage of a solute through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel.


renal sodium ion transport

description: The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) by the renal system.


nuclear migration

description: The directed movement of the nucleus to a specific location within a cell.


name: adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway

description: An adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by dopamine binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


regulation of cell size

description: Any process that modulates the size of a cell.


name: negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway.


name: negative regulation of sodium ion transport

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


gland morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of a gland are generated and organized.


microvillus assembly

description: Formation of a microvillus, a thin cylindrical membrane-covered projection on the surface of a cell.


intracellular phosphate ion homeostasis

description: A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of phosphate ions within a cell.


bile acid secretion

description: The regulated release of bile acid, composed of any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile, by a cell or a tissue.


glutathione transport

description: The directed movement of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: positive regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


cilium organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole.


name: maintenance of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity

description: The maintenance of the apicobasal polarity of an epithelial cell.


regulation of protein kinase activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.


name: negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the mitotic cell cycle.


gamma-aminobutyric acid import

description: The directed movement of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) into a cell or organelle.


name: phospholipase C-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway

description: A phospholipase C-activating receptor G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by dopamine binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


renal phosphate ion absorption

description: A renal system process in which phosphate ions are taken up from the collecting ducts and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures.


import across plasma membrane

description: The directed movement of some substance from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


transport across blood-brain barrier

description: The directed movement of substances (e.g. macromolecules, small molecules, ions) through the blood-brain barrier.


regulation of renal phosphate excretion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of renal phosphate excretion.


name: TERT_HUMAN Telomerase reverse transcriptase (sprot)

description: A telomerase reverse transcriptase that is encoded in the genome of human.


telomerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). Catalyzes extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one deoxynucleotide at a time using an internal RNA template that encodes the telomeric repeat sequence.


name: telomerase RNA reverse transcriptase activity

description: Catalysis of the extension of the 3' end of a DNA strand by one deoxynucleotide at a time. Cannot initiate a chain de novo; uses the RNA subunit of the telomerase enzyme complex as its template.


RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1); uses an RNA template, i.e. the catalysis of RNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time.


telomerase RNA binding

description: Binding to the telomerase RNA template.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1); the addition of a terminal nucleotide to an RNA molecule in the absence of a nucleic acid template.


telomere maintenance

description: Any process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure by affecting and monitoring the activity of telomeric proteins, the length of telomeric DNA and the replication and repair of the DNA. These processes includes those that shorten, lengthen, replicate and repair the telomeric DNA sequences.


RNA-templated transcription

description: The synthesis of an RNA transcript from an RNA template.


telomere maintenance via telomerase

description: The maintenance of proper telomeric length by the addition of telomeric repeats by telomerase.


DNA strand elongation

description: The DNA metabolic process in which an existing DNA strand is extended by activities including the addition of nucleotides to the 3' end of the strand.


name: positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Wnt signal transduction.


siRNA processing

description: A process leading to the generation of a functional small interfering RNA (siRNA). Includes the cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) of 21-23 nucleotides. May also include amplification of the siRNA by RNA-directed RNA polymerase.


positive regulation of hair cycle

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair.


positive regulation of glucose import

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.


response to cadmium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cadmium (Cd) ion stimulus.


name: positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity

description: Any process that activates or increases the activity of the enzyme nitric-oxide synthase.


name: establishment of protein localization to telomere

description: The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the telomeric region of a chromosome.


replicative senescence

description: A cell aging process associated with the dismantling of a cell as a response to telomere shortening and/or cellular aging.


siRNA transcription

description: The transcription of a small interfering RNA from an RNA template.


name: positive regulation of miRNA transcription

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of microRNA (miRNA) gene transcription.


name: positive regulation of transdifferentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transdifferentiation.


name: positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.


name: positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration.


name: negative regulation of cellular senescence

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular senescence.


name: negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand.


telomerase holoenzyme complex

description: Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme complex, with a minimal catalytic core composed of a catalytic reverse transcriptase subunit and an RNA subunit that provides the template for telomeric DNA addition. In vivo, the holoenzyme complex often contains additional subunits.


TERT-RMRP complex

description: A ribonucleoprotein complex that has RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP) activity, and is composed of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and the non-coding RNA component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease (RMRP).


telomerase catalytic core complex

description: The minimal catalytic core of telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex composed of a catalytic reverse transcriptase subunit and an RNA subunit that provides the template for telomeric DNA addition.


nuclear telomere cap complex

description: A complex of DNA and protein located at the end of a linear chromosome in the nucleus that protects and stabilizes a linear chromosome.


RNA-directed RNA polymerase complex

description: A protein complex that possesses RNA-directed RNA polymerase activity.


name: OVOL1_HUMAN Putative transcription factor Ovo-like 1 (sprot)

description: A putative transcription factor Ovo-like 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


mesoderm development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesoderm is the middle germ layer that develops into muscle, bone, cartilage, blood and connective tissue.


name: negative regulation of keratinocyte proliferation

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of keratinocyte proliferation. Keratinocyte proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


skin development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skin is the external membranous integument of an animal. In vertebrates the skin generally consists of two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular epidermis (cuticle or skarfskin) composed of cells which are constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off in the superficial layers, as well as an inner vascular dermis (cutis, corium or true skin) composed mostly of connective tissue.


keratinocyte proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of keratinocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Keratinocytes are epidermal cells which synthesize keratin and undergo a characteristic change as they move upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin.


meiotic cell cycle phase transition

description: The cell cycle process by which a cell commits to entering the next meiotic cell cycle phase.


name: negative regulation of meiotic cell cycle phase transition

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle phase transition.


name: H17B6_HUMAN 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 6 (sprot)

description: A 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


catalytic activity

description: Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic.


androsterone dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)+ + androsterone = NAD(P)H + H+ + 5-alpha-androstane-3,17-dione.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5alpha-androstane-3beta,17beta-diol + NADP+ = 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one + H+ + NADPH.


name: testosterone dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: testosterone + NAD+ = androst-4-ene-3,17-dione + NADH.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: NAD+ + androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol = 17-beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one + NADH + H+.


androgen biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of androgens, C19 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics.


androgen catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of androgens, C19 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics.


brexanolone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of brexanolone.


name: CHK1_HUMAN Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk1 (sprot)

description: A serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


histone H3T11 kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H3-threonine (position 11) + ATP = histone H3-phosphothreonine (position 11) + ADP. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to the threonine residue at position 11 of histone H3.


DNA damage checkpoint signaling

description: A signal transduction process that contributes to a DNA damage checkpoint.


inner cell mass cell proliferation

description: The proliferation of cells in the inner cell mass.


name: regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the error-free repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the broken DNA molecule is repaired using homologous sequences.


peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation

description: The phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.


name: signal transduction in response to DNA damage

description: A cascade of processes induced by the detection of DNA damage within a cell.


mitotic G2/M transition checkpoint

description: A cell cycle checkpoint that detects and negatively regulates progression from G2 to M phase as part of a mitotic cell cycle.


positive regulation of cell cycle

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.


name: negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic

description: An epigenetic process that silences gene expression at specific genomic regions through chromatin remodeling either by modifying higher order chromatin fiber structure, nucleosomal histones, or the cytosine DNA methylation.


name: negative regulation of mitotic nuclear division

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of mitosis. Mitosis is the division of the eukaryotic cell nucleus to produce two daughter nuclei that, usually, contain the identical chromosome complement to their mother.


name: regulation of mitotic centrosome separation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the separation of duplicated centrosome components at the beginning of mitosis.


name: negative regulation of G0 to G1 transition

description: A cell cycle process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of the transition from the G0 quiescent state to the G1 phase.


cellular response to caffeine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a caffeine stimulus. Caffeine is an alkaloid found in numerous plant species, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding upon them.


name: apoptotic process involved in development

description: Any apoptotic process that is involved in anatomical structure development.


name: negative regulation of DNA biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of DNA biosynthetic process.


condensed nuclear chromosome

description: A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct nuclear chromosome.


replication fork

description: The Y-shaped region of a replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes.


name: TR10B_HUMAN Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B (sprot)

description: A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B that is encoded in the genome of human.


TRAIL receptor activity

description: Combining with the ligand TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) and transmitting the signal from one side of the plasma membrane to the other to initiate apoptotic cell death.


defense response to tumor cell

description: Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a tumor cell that act to protect the cell or organism.


name: GBRD_HUMAN Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta (sprot)

description: A gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

description: Any transmitter-gated ion channel activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential.


synaptic transmission, GABAergic

description: The vesicular release of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of GABA receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.


name: regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

description: Any process that modulates the potential difference across a post-synaptic membrane.


GABA-ergic synapse

description: A synapse that uses GABA as a neurotransmitter. These synapses are typically inhibitory.


GABA-A receptor complex

description: A protein complex which is capable of GABA-A receptor activity. In human, it is usually composed of either two alpha, two beta and one gamma chain of the GABA-A receptor subunits or 5 chains of the GABA-A receptor subunits rho1-3 (formally known as GABA-C receptor).


name: MEIS2_HUMAN Homeobox protein Meis2 (sprot)

description: A homeobox protein Meis2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


response to mechanical stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus.


pancreas development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pancreas is an endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating hormones.


name: positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the mitotic cell cycle.


response to growth factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus.


name: positive regulation of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation.


name: ZN213_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 213 (sprot)

description: A zinc finger protein 213 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: FPGT_HUMAN Fucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase (sprot)

description: A fucose-1-phosphate guanylyltransferase (human), isoforms 2, 5, and 6.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: beta-L-fucose 1-phosphate + GTP + H+ = diphosphate + GDP-beta-L-fucose.


name: TPP1_HUMAN Tripeptidyl-peptidase 1 (sprot)

description: A tripeptidyl-peptidase 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


serine-type peptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine).


tripeptidyl-peptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the release of an N-terminal tripeptide from a polypeptide.


lysophosphatidic acid binding

description: Binding to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a phospholipid derivative that acts as a potent mitogen due to its activation of high-affinity G protein-coupled receptors.


peptide binding

description: Binding to a peptide, an organic compound comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds.


sulfatide binding

description: Binding to sulfatide, also known as 3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide, SM4, or sulfated galactocerebroside. Sulfatide is a class of sulfoglycolipid, which are glycolipids that contain a sulfate group.


peptide catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptides, compounds of 2 or more (but usually less than 100) amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another.


name: protein localization to chromosome, telomeric region

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the telomeric region of a chromosome.


lysosomal protein catabolic process

description: Any cellular protein catabolic process that takes place in a lysosome.


name: GNB5_HUMAN Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 (sprot)

description: A guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


G-protein gamma-subunit binding

description: Binding to a G-protein gamma subunit.


name: G protein-coupled dopamine receptor signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a dopamine binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


light adaption

description: The ability of a photoreceptor to adjust to varying levels of light.


name: negative regulation of voltage-gated calcium channel activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of voltage-gated calcium channel activity.


dark adaptation

description: The process by which the rods of the retina gradually become fully responsive to dim light when no longer exposed to bright light.


GTPase activator complex

description: A protein complex which is capable of GTPase activator activity.


name: TCRG1_HUMAN Transcription elongation regulator 1 (sprot)

description: A transcription elongation regulator 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: transcription elongation factor activity

description: A molecular function that stimulates the elongation properties of the RNA polymerase during the elongation phase of transcription. A subclass of transcription elongation factors enable the transition from transcription initiation to elongation, while another class rescue stalled RNA polymerases.


name: ubiquitin-like protein conjugating enzyme binding

description: Binding to a ubiquitin-like protein conjugating enzyme such as ubiquitin conjugating enzyme.


name: negative regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides, catalyzed by RNA polymerase II.


name: NDC80_HUMAN Kinetochore protein NDC80 homolog (sprot)

description: A kinetochore protein NDC80 that is encoded in the genome of human.


centrosome duplication

description: The replication of a centrosome, a structure comprised of a pair of centrioles and peri-centriolar material from which a microtubule spindle apparatus is organized.


cyclin binding

description: Binding to cyclins, proteins whose levels in a cell varies markedly during the cell cycle, rising steadily until mitosis, then falling abruptly to zero. As cyclins reach a threshold level, they are thought to drive cells into G2 phase and thus to mitosis.


kinetochore adaptor activity

description: The binding activity of a protein that brings the kinetochore and another molecule into contact, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way.


mitotic sister chromatid segregation

description: The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the mitotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner. One homolog of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets.


name: establishment of mitotic spindle orientation

description: A cell cycle process that sets the alignment of mitotic spindle relative to other cellular structures.


name: spindle assembly involved in female meiosis I

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the spindle during meiosis I of a meiotic cell cycle in females. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


name: mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint signaling

description: A mitotic cell cycle checkpoint that delays mitotic sister chromatid separation and consequently the mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle. Spindle assembly checkpoint signaling begins with the activated Mph family kinase, and results in the inhibition of the Anaphase Promoting Complex and its activator Sleepy/Cdc20 by the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC).


G2/MI transition of meiotic cell cycle

description: The cell cycle process in which a cell progresses from meiotic G2 phase to M phase of meiosis I.


name: attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore

description: The process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex.


name: skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of satellite cells, resulting in the expansion of the cell population. Satellite cells are quiescent cells that are located between the basal lamina and the plasmalemma of the muscle fiber, which are the main contributors to postnatal muscle growth. In adult muscle, satellite cells become activated to divide and differentiate in response to muscle damage.


name: attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore

description: The cellular process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex in mitosis.


kinetochore organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the kinetochore, a multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules.


name: positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the mitotic cell cycle spindle assembly checkpoint, a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition of a mitotic nuclear division until the spindle is correctly assembled and chromosomes are attached to the spindle.


chromosome, centromeric region

description: The region of a chromosome that includes the centromeric DNA and associated proteins. In monocentric chromosomes, this region corresponds to a single area of the chromosome, whereas in holocentric chromosomes, it is evenly distributed along the chromosome.


Ndc80 complex

description: An essential outer kinetochore complex involved in the attachment of microtubule ends to the chromosomes during mitosis.


outer kinetochore

description: The region of a kinetochore most external to centromeric DNA; this outer region mediates kinetochore-microtubule interactions.


name: KIF3C_HUMAN Kinesin-like protein KIF3C (sprot)

description: A kinesin-like protein KIF3C that is encoded in the genome of human.


NRP1_HUMAN Neuropilin-1 (sprot)

A neuropilin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor activity

description: Combining with a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor ligand and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.


semaphorin receptor activity

description: Combining with a semaphorin, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


cytokine binding

description: Binding to a cytokine, any of a group of proteins that function to control the survival, growth and differentiation of tissues and cells, and which have autocrine and paracrine activity.