demethylkotanin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of demethylkotanin.


RNA biosynthetic process

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of RNA, ribonucleic acid, one of the two main type of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from ribonucleotides joined in 3',5'-phosphodiester linkage. Includes polymerization of ribonucleotide monomers. Refers not only to transcription but also to e.g. viral RNA replication.


name: regulation of chylomicron remnant clearance

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of chylomicron remnant clearance. Chylomicron clearance is the process in which a chylomicron remnant is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis into liver cells and its constituent parts degraded.


category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Catalysis of the reaction: biphenyl-2,3-diol + O2 = 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O.


name: serotonin biosynthetic process from tryptophan

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation from tryptophan of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties.


name: cerebral cortex tangential migration using cell-cell interactions

description: The process in which neurons interact with each other to promote migration along a tangential plane.


name: regulation of response to G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling.


phytochromobilin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytochromobilin, which involves the oxidative cleavage of heme by a heme oxygenase(HO) to form biliverdin IX alpha.


protein nucleotidylation

description: The addition of a nucleotide to a protein amino acid.


name: non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in heart development

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via effectors other than beta-catenin and contributing to the progression of the heart over time.


name: regulation of penetration hypha formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont penetration hypha formation for entry into host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


multiple spine synapse organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse between a multiple synapse bouton and one or more dendritic spines.


s-triazine compound metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any s-triazine compound. These compounds include many pesticides of widespread use in agriculture, and are characterized by a symmetrical hexameric ring consisting of alternating carbon and nitrogen atoms.


anterior head segmentation

description: Partitioning the insect head anlage into procephalic (labral, (ocular), antennal and intercalary) segments. The procephalic segments lie anterior to the gnathal (posterior head) segments, and are pattered by different segmentation gene cascades to the abdominal, thoracic and posterior head (gnathal) segments.


name: succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: succinate semialdehyde + NADP+ + H2O = succinate + NADPH + 2 H+.


name: L-lysine 6-monooxygenase (NADPH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysine + NADPH + O2 = N(6)-hydroxy-L-lysine + H2O + NADP+.


vistamycin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving vistamycin.


name: hydrolase activity, acting on acid halide bonds

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid halide bond.


name: demethoxycurcumin synthase activity from feruloylacetyl-CoA

description: Catalysis of the reaction: feruloylacetyl-CoA + 4-coumaryl-CoA + H2O = demethoxycurcumin + 2 coenzyme A + carbon dioxide.


name: neural crest-derived cardiac fibroblast cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac fibroblast over time, from its formation from a neural crest cell to the mature state. A cardiac fibroblast is a connective tissue cell of the heart which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.


name: atrial cardiac muscle cell fate commitment

description: The commitment of cells to atrial cardiac muscle cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into cardiac muscle cells of the atrium. Cardiac muscle cells are striated muscle cells that are responsible for heart contraction.


name: arabinogalactan protein metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein, which is composed of a group of core protein of highly varying length and domain complexity. These are O-glycosylated at one or more hydroxyproline residues by arabinogalactan (AG) type II groups, which consist of (1->3)-beta-galactan and (1->6)-beta-linked galactan chains connected to each other by (1->3,1->6)-linked branch points, O-3 and O-6 positions substituted with terminal arabinosyl residues. Also, rhamnose, fucose, glucuronic and galacturonic acid can be present in the glycan structures.


esculetin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of esculetin, 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin.


ferulate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ferulate.


name: modulation by virus of host cytokine production

description: Any process in which a virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytokine production in its host organism.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,3-alpha-D-mannosyl-1,2-alpha-D-mannosyl-1,2-alpha-D-mannosyl-D-mannose + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = 1,3-alpha-D-mannosyl-1,2-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-alpha-D-mannosyl)-1,2-alpha-D-mannosyl-D-mannose + UDP.


name: regulation protein catabolic process at synapse

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at the synapse.


name: 4-amino-4-deoxy-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl undecaprenyl phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-amino-4-deoxy-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl undecaprenyl phosphate, a precursor of 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose (L-Ara4N).


name: positive regulation of starch catabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of starch catabolic process.


name: positive regulation of Toll signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the Tl signaling pathway.


name: regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis.


diorcinol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving diorcinol.


name: mesonephric glomerular basement membrane development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephric glomerular basement membrane over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephric glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the mesonephric glomerulus which performs the actual filtration.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of an alpha-D-xylosyl residue from UDP-D-xylose to a glucose residue in xyloglucan, forming an alpha-1,6-D-xylosyl-D-glucose linkage.


name: regulation of hepatic stellate cell migration

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell migration.


name: regulation of skeletal muscle contraction by chemo-mechanical energy conversion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle contraction by regulating force and velocity of shortening. The force of skeletal muscle contraction is produced by acto-myosin interaction processes through formation of cross bridges. The shortening leads to reduction of length of muscle fiber and sarcomeres.


name: negative regulation of motor neuron migration

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron migration.


name: viral release via suppression of host peptidoglycan biosynthetic process

description: The dissemination of mature viral particles from a host cell, caused by a virus stopping, preventing, or reducing peptidoglycan biosynthesis in the host organism. Peptidoglycans are any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls.


name: regulation of zinc ion transmembrane import

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of zinc ion import.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-delta3-4,5,5-trimethylcyclopentenylacetyl-CoA + NADH + H+ + O2 = NAD+ + H2O + delta2,5-3,4,4-trimethylpimelyl-CoA.


name: quercetin 3-glucoside 7-O-rhamnosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin-3-glucoside + UDP-L-rhamnose = quercetin-3-O-glucoside-7-O-rhamnoside + UDP.


EGAD pathway

description: The protein catabolic pathway which selectively extracts ER-resident membrane proteins exported to the Golgi and endosomes for degradation by cytosolic proteasomes. It begins with phosphorylation of the ER-resident membrane protein, which triggers export of the protein from the ER to the Golgi and endosomes, followed by polyubiquitination by the Dsc E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and extraction of the ubiquitinated target, and ends with proteasomal degradation.


name: ATPase-coupled organic acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of an organic acid from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + organic acid(out/in) = ADP + phosphate + organic acid(in/out).


name: benzyl isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of benzyl isoquinoline alkaloids, compounds with bicyclic N-containing aromatic rings.


name: negative regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis to vascular endothelial growth factor

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis to vascular endothelial growth factor.


seed trichome initiation

description: The process in which the developmental fate of an epidermal cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a seed trichome, causing a change in the orientation of cell division in the ovule epidermis at or just before anthesis.


benzoyl-CoA catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of benzoyl-CoA.


egg chorion assembly

description: Construction of the chorion portion of the egg, which is a protective, noncellular membrane that surrounds the eggs of various animals including insects and fish.


name: beta-glucan transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of beta-glucans from one side of a membrane to the other. Beta-glucans are compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-glucosidic bonds.


name: formation of appressorium germ tube hook structure

description: The development of a swollen tip at the growing end of a symbiont spore which usually flattens against the host cell surface prior to appressorium formation.


2-phosphoglycerate kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-phosphoglycerate + ATP = 2,3-diphosphoglycerate + ADP.


alkene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an alkene, any acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having one carbon-carbon double bond and the general formula CnH2n.


name: detection of mechanical stimulus involved in echolocation

description: The series of events involved in echolocation in which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. The stimulus is in the form of a reflected sound wave (an echo), which the organism uses to determine the distance to the object that reflected the sound wave.


prostate field specification

description: The process that results in the delineation of a specific region of the urogenital sinus epithelium into the area in which the prostate gland will develop.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-oxo-5-beta-steroid + acceptor = a 3-oxo-D4-steroid + reduced acceptor.


name: protein localization to cell division site

description: A cellular protein localization process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the site of cell division.


mentha-1,3-dione-CoA ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: mentha-1,3-dione + CoASH = 3,7-dimethyl-5-oxo-octyl-CoA.


fruit ripening, climacteric

description: A fruit ripening process that involves a burst of respiration and ethylene (ethene) evolution at the onset.


name: detection of injury involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

description: The series of events by which an injury stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. This occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


IDP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of IDP, inosine 5'-diphosphate.


name: aerobic respiration, using sulfur or sulfate as electron donor

description: An aerobic respiration process in which a sulfur-containing molecule (hydrogen sulfide, sulfur, sulfite, thiosulfate, and various polythionates) is oxidized.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + laricitrin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + syringetin.


terrein biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terrein, a fungal metabolite with ecological, antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and antioxidative activities.


name: 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the directed movement of 3-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: regulation of adult salivary gland boundary specification

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of salivary gland determination in an adult organism.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-hydroxyphenylacetate, 1,3-benzenediol monoacetate, also known as resorcinol monoacetate.


germline ring canal formation

description: Assembly of the cytoplasmic bridges between developing spermatogonial or oogonial cysts.


name: modulation by virus of host cytoplasmic transport

description: Modulation by an infecting virus of host cytoplasmic transport.


tryptophan dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + NAD(P)+ = (indol-3-yl)pyruvate + NH3 + NAD(P)H + H+.


name: conjugation with mutual genetic exchange

description: A conjugation process that results in the mutual exchange and union of only genetic information between compatible mating types. Conjugation without cellular fusion requires direct cellular contact between the organisms without plasma membrane fusion. The organisms involved in conjugation without cellular fusion separate after nuclear exchange.


regulation of sclerotome development

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the progression of the sclerotome over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The sclerotome is the portion of the somite that will give rise to a vertebra.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: shikimate + coumaroyl-CoA = 4-coumaroylshikimate + CoA.


progesterone monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + O2 + progesterone = A + H2O + testosterone acetate.


name: arabinose transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of arabinose, a pentose monosaccharide that occurs in both D and L configurations, and as a polymer, from one side of a membrane to the other.


plant-type cell wall biogenesis

description: A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.


taxane 10-beta-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + NADPH + O2 + taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-yl acetate = 10beta-hydroxytaxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-yl acetate + H2O + NADP+.


name: carbohydrate:monoatomic cation symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sugar(out) + cation(out) = sugar(in) + cation(in).


name: L-cysteine catabolic process to pyruvate, using cysteine dioxygenase

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown into pyruvate of L-cystine, catalyzed by the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase (EC:1.13.11.20).


name: regulation of positive chemotaxis to cAMP

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of directed movement of a motile cell or organism up a concentration gradient of 3',5'-cAMP.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + (S)-4-hydroxymandelonitrile = UDP + (S)-4-hydroxy-mandelonitrile beta-D-glucoside.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: adenosine37 in tRNA + 2 reduced [2Fe-2S]-[ferredoxin] + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methyladenosine37 in tRNA + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + 2 oxidized [2Fe-2S]-[ferredoxin] + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


name: negative regulation of extrathymic T cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of extrathymic T cell differentiation.


eoxin A4 synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: leukotriene A4 = eoxin A4.


name: farnesoic acid O-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: farnesoic acid + S-adenosyl-methionine = methyl farnesoate + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


name: cellular response to red or far red light

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a red or far red light stimulus. Red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength of 580-700nm. Far red light is electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 700-800nm. An example of this response is seen at the beginning of many plant species developmental stages. These include germination, and the point when cotyledon expansion is triggered. In certain species these processes take place in response to absorption of red light by the pigment molecule phytochrome, but the signal can be reversed by exposure to far red light. During the initial phase the phytochrome molecule is only present in the red light absorbing form, but on absorption of red light it changes to a far red light absorbing form, triggering progress through development. An immediate short period of exposure to far red light entirely returns the pigment to its initial state and prevents triggering of the developmental process. A thirty minute break between red and subsequent far red light exposure renders the red light effect irreversible, and development then occurs regardless of whether far red light exposure subsequently occurs.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: glycosaminoglycan + UDP-galactose = D-galactosylglycosaminoglycan + UDP.


circadian regulation of heart rate

description: Any process in which an organism modulates its heart rate at different values with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.


thiamine kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + thiamine = ADP + 2 H+ + thiamine phosphate.


ocellus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ocellus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ocellus is a simple visual organ of insects.


name: regulation of kidney smooth muscle cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of kidney smooth muscle cell differentiation.


mannose isomerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-mannose = D-fructose.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host apoptosis

description: A process in which a symbiont gene product affects host apoptosis, leading to a change in the frequency, rate or extent of apoptosis in the host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


adaptation of signaling pathway

description: The regulation of a signal transduction pathway in response to a stimulus upon prolonged exposure to that stimulus.


name: negative regulation of immune effector process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune effector process.


(S)-stylopine synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-cheilanthifoline + [reduced NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + O2 -> (S)-stylopine + [oxidized NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] + 2 H2O.


name: rhamnogalacturonan II biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhamnogalacturonan II, a low molecular mass (5 - 10KDa) pectic polysaccharide, conserved in the primary walls of dicotyledenous and monocotyledenous plants and gymnosperms.


name: blood vessel endothelial cell migration involved in intussusceptive angiogenesis

description: The orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels during intussusceptive angiogenesis.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host defense-related programmed cell death

description: Any process in which a symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of defense-related programmed cell death in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


peptidyl-cysteine acetylation

description: The acetylation of peptidyl-cysteine.


territorial aggressive behavior

description: Aggressive behavior performed in defence of a fixed area against intruders, typically conspecifics.


O-decanoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a decyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.


name: polymyxin transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of polymyxin, any of a group of related antibiotics produced by Bacillus polymyxa and active against most Gram-negative bacteria, from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: positive regulation of appressorium formation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont appressorium formation.


name: aluminum ion transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of aluminum (Al) ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + deacetoxycephalosporin C + O2 = CO2 + deacetylcephalosporin C + succinate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid + H+ + 2 e- = Cl- + 4-chlorophenoxyacetate.


phenanthrene 3,4-monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: phenanthrene + O2 + NADH + H+ = H2O + NAD+ + phenanthrene-3,4-oxide.


name: Golgi vesicle bud deformation and release

description: The process in which cytosolic coat proteins fit together in a basketlike convex framework to form a coated deformed region on the cytoplasmic surface of the membrane. The deformed region forms into a complete vesicle and is released.


name: pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside 2''-O-glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside = H+ + pelargonidin 3-O-sophoroside + UDP.


mRNA trans splicing, via spliceosome

description: The joining together of exons from two different primary transcripts of messenger RNA (mRNA) via a spliceosomal mechanism, so that mRNA consisting only of the joined exons is produced.


serine O-acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + acetyl-CoA = O-acetyl-L-serine + CoA.


austinol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving austinol.


glycine oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reactions: (1) glycine + H2O + O2 = glyoxylate + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide; (2) D-alanine + H2O + O2 = pyruvate + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide; (3) sarcosine + H2O + O2 = glyoxylate + methylamine + hydrogen peroxide; (4) N-ethylglycine + H2O + O2 = glyoxylate + ethylamine + hydrogen peroxide.


name: L-phenylalanine biosynthetic process from chorismate via L-arogenate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-phenylalanine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate L-arogenate.


fibroblast growth factor production

description: The appearance of a fibroblast growth factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: asymmetric protein localization to old or new spindle pole body

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained to either the old or new spindle pole body resulting in its being distributed asymmetrically.


maleate hydratase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-malate = H2O + maleate.


name: transcription factor TFIIIB complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a transcription factor TFIIIB complex.


name: negative regulation of bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility.


name: negative regulation of antimicrobial humoral response

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an antimicrobial humoral response.


astrocyte chemotaxis

description: The directed movement of an astrocyte guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).


name: pore formation during contractile vacuole discharge

description: The formation of a transient pore in the plasma membrane and the attached contractile vacuolar membrane, to release water from the cell. This process does not involve fusion of the two membranes.


name: transferase activity, transferring one-carbon groups

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a one-carbon group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


21U-RNA binding

description: Binding to a 21U-RNA, a 21-nucleotide RNA characterized by a uridine 5'-monophosphate and a modified 3' end resistant to periodate degradation. 21U-RNAs are derived from distinct, autonomously expressed loci within the genome.


formate kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + formate = ADP + formyl phosphate + H+.


formimidoylglutamase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-formimidoyl-L-glutamate + H2O = L-glutamate + formamide.


name: hydrolase activity, acting on ether bonds

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ether or thioether bond, -O- or -S- respectively.


name: glomerular mesangial cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the glomerular mesangial cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


name: regulation of budding cell apical bud growth

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of growth at the tip of a bud, in a cell that reproduces by budding.


respiratory chemosensitivity

description: A homeostatic process by which the sensing of CO2 and/or H+ by the brain leads to appropriate altering in breathing to regulate blood gas and tissue pH.


name: regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of anatomical structure morphogenesis.


dormancy exit of symbiont in host

description: Exit from dormant state, also known as resuscitation, of the symbiont within the host organism.


name: purine-containing compound catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof.


metanephric long nephron development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a metanephric long nephron over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Long nephrons are associated with juxtamedullary glomeruli and extend into the inner medulla in the metanephros.


name: negative regulation of nurse cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nurse cell apoptotic process.


diferric-transferrin reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: transferrin[Fe2+]2 + NAD+ = transferrin[Fe3+]2 + NADH.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = beta-sesquiphellandrene + diphosphoric acid.


name: negative regulation of ethylene-activated signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops or prevents ethylene (ethene) signal transduction.


fumigaclavine C biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fumigaclavine C, a fungal ergot alkaloid.


wall teichoic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving wall teichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a polymer of glycerol-phosphate or ribitol-phosphate to which are attached glycosyl and D-alanyl ester residues and which is covalently linked to peptidoglycan.


hatching behavior

description: The specific behavior of an organism during the emergence from an egg shell. In Drosophila for example, the larva swings its head reiteratively through a semicircular arc, using its mouth hooks to tear apart the chorion in front of it and thus free itself from within the egg shell.


detection of carbon dioxide

description: The series of events in which a carbon dioxide stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


name: entry of viral genome into host nucleus via retainment of capsid in nuclear pore complex and release of genome into nucleoplasm

description: Viral penetration into the host nucleus where a viral capsid enters the host nuclear pore complex (NPC) but remains attached to the pore on the nuclear side. The capsid then disassembles, releasing the viral genome into the nucleoplasm.


aminoglycoside 6-kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + streptomycin = ADP + 2 H+ + streptomycin 6-phosphate.


name: regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dendritic cell apoptotic process.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: lipopolysaccharide + UDP-N-acetylmannosaminouronate = N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosaminouronosyl-1,4-lipopolysaccharide + UDP.


name: negative regulation of preblastoderm mitotic cell cycle

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the preblastoderm mitotic cell cycle.


fucosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of fucosyl compounds, substances containing a group derived from a cyclic form of fucose or a fucose derivative.


name: male-female gamete recognition during double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm

description: The initial contact step made between the male gamete and the female gamete during double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm. An example can be found in Arabidopsis thaliana.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin + UDP-D-glucose = daphnin + H+ + UDP.


name: phthalate dioxygenase reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of electrons between pyridine nucleotides (obligatory two-electron carriers) and hemes or (2Fe-2S) centers (obligatory one-electron carriers) in respiration, photosynthesis, and many oxygenase systems.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methenyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + H(2) = 5,10-methylenetetrahydromethanopterin + H+.


name: detection of endoplasmic reticulum overloading

description: The series of events in which a stimulus generated by the accumulation of normal or misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum is received and converted into a molecular signal.


zoospore encystment on host

description: The physiological, developmental and morphological changes that occur in a symbiont zoospore during the process of its encystment. Encystment means to enter a state of essentially suspended animation in which the spore is protected by an outer coating and remains immobile and inactive until favorable conditions for growth occur again. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-leucine + H2O + H+ = L-leucine + benzyl alcohol + CO2.


nor-spermidine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nor-spermidine, a compound related to spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane.


ergot alkaloid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an ergot alkaloid.


name: ABC-type beta-glucan transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + beta-glucan(in) = ADP + phosphate + beta-glucan(out).


name: negative regulation of bicoid mRNA localization

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which bicoid mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


acquisition of nutrients from symbiont

description: The production of structures and/or molecules in an organism that are required for the acquisition and/or utilization of nutrients obtained from its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: positive regulation of synergid differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synergid cell differentiation.


name: L-lysine catabolic process to acetyl-CoA via 5-aminopentanamide

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including acetyl-CoA, via the intermediate 5-aminopentanamide.


name: protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-N-acetyl-mannosamine phosphotransferase system transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + N-acetyl-mannosamine(out) = protein histidine +N-acetyl- mannosamine-6-phosphate(in).


description: Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-alpha-D-mannose + beta-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate = mannosylfructose-phosphate + GDP.


dipyrrin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dipyrrins (pyrromethanes), compounds containing two pyrrole rings linked through a methine, -CH=, group.


name: gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell differentiation

description: The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a gamma-delta intraepithelial T cell. Intraepithelial T cells are found among epithelial cells in mucosal areas and have distinct phenotypes and developmental pathways.


alpha-thujene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate(3-) = alpha-thujene + diphosphoric acid.


name: positive regulation of establishment of cell polarity regulating cell shape

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of cell polarity regulating cell shape.


interleukin-34 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-34 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of inner ear receptor cell differentiation.


epidermal stem cell homeostasis

description: Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of epidermal stem cells within a population of cells.


name: blood vessel endothelial cell delamination involved in blood vessel lumen ensheathment

description: Any blood vessel endothelial cell delamination that is involved in blood vessel lumen ensheathment.


amnioserosa formation

description: Formation of the amnioserosa, an epithelium that occupies a hole in the embryonic dorsal epidermis. This occurs by the transformation of a narrow strip of cells at the dorsal midline of the blastoderm from columnar to squamous cells, accompanied by a lateral shift.


peptidyl-histidine guanylation

description: The guanylylation of peptidyl-histidine to form (phospho-5'-guanosine)-L-histidine.


Mre11 complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an Mre11 complex, a trimeric protein complex that possesses endonuclease activity and is involved in meiotic recombination, DNA repair and checkpoint signaling.


alcohol O-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on an alcohol acceptor molecule.


positive regulation of brood size

description: Any process that increases brood size. Brood size is the number of progeny that survive embryogenesis and are cared for at one time.


name: D-ribose 5-phosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-ribose 5-phosphate.


connecting tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the connecting tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the nephron; it connects the distal convoluted tubule to the collecting duct.


name: regulation of vein smooth muscle contraction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vein smooth muscle contraction.


cranial ganglion morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structure of a cranial ganglion is generated and organized.


name: regulation of plant epidermal cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of plant epidermal cell differentiation.


L-leucine dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-leucine + H2O + NAD+ = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + NH3 + NADH.


lymphocyte anergy

description: Any process contributing to lymphocyte anergy, a state of functional inactivation.


cellular response to viscosity

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a viscosity stimulus.


GAU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GAU codon.


N-acetylmuramic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc), a monosaccharide derivative of N-acetylglucosamine.


peptidyl-lysine adenylylation

description: The adenylylation of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-lysine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + D-4-hydroxyphenylglycine = 4-hydroxyphenylglyoxylate + L-glutamate.


sigma factor activity

description: Sigma factors act as the promoter specificity subunit of eubacterial and plant plastid multisubunit RNA polymerases, whose core subunit composition is often described as alpha(2)-beta-beta-prime. Although sigma does not bind DNA on its own, when combined with the core to form the holoenzyme, the sigma factor binds specifically to promoter elements. The sigma subunit is released once elongation begins.


geranylate CoA-transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: geranylate + CoASH = trans-geranyl-CoA + OH-.


cAMP/PKA signal transduction

description: An intracellular signaling cassette that starts with production of cyclic AMP (cAMP) by adenylate cyclase (either transmembrane or soluble), which activates protein kinase A, and ends with activation of downstream effectors such as the transcription factor CREB that further transmit the signal within the cell.


name: negative regulation of CoA-transferase activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of CoA-transferase activity.


name: adaptation of signaling pathway by response to pheromone involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

description: In organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion, the process resulting in desensitization following exposure to pheromone stimulus that act to down-regulate further stimulation or block initial conjugation responses. An example of this is the adaptation to pheromone during conjugation with cellular fusion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


wing disc development

description: Progression of the wing disc over time, from its initial formation through to its metamorphosis to form adult structures including the wing hinge, wing blade and pleura.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-L-galactose + myo-inositol 1-phosphate = alpha-L-galactose-1-phosphate + GDP-myoinositol.


diaminopimelate decarboxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: meso-2,6-diaminopimelate + H+ = L-lysine + CO2.


name: poly-beta-1,6-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of poly-beta-1,6-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine from one side of a membrane to the other.


description: Catalysis of the cleavage of the N-glycosidic bond between the 5'-pyrimidine residue in cyclobutadipyrimidine (in DNA) and the corresponding deoxy-D-ribose residue.


name: adenosylcobinamide kinase (ATP-specific) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: adenosylcobinamide + ATP = adenosylcobinamide phosphate + ADP + H+.


description: Catalysis of the reactions: isocitrate + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADH, and (1R,2S)-1-hydroxybutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylate + NAD+ = 2-oxoadipate + CO2 + NADH + H+.


long descending thin limb development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the long descending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The long descending thin limb is the descending thin limb of a long nephron that has a squamous epithelial morphology. The long descending limb starts in the inner stripe of the outer medulla and extends into the inner medulla.


cellular response to phenylalanine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phenylalanine stimulus.


name: mitotic telomere tethering at nuclear periphery

description: The process in which a telomere is maintained in a specific location at the nuclear periphery, as part of a mitotic cell cycle.


monodictyphenone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving monodictyphenone.


alpha-1,3-glucosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-(1->3)-linked alpha-D-glucose residues with release of alpha-D-glucose.


name: ABC-type 3',5'-cyclic GMP transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + 3',5'-cyclic GMP(in) = ADP + phosphate + 3',5'-cyclic GMP(out).


toluene 2-monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: toluene + H+ + NADH + O2 = 2-hydroxytoluene + H2O + NAD+.


name: regulation of zinc ion transmembrane transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of zinc ions (Zn2+) from one side of a membrane to the other.


photoreceptor cell differentiation

description: The specialization of organization of a photoreceptor, a cell that responds to incident electromagnetic radiation, particularly visible light. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


response to selenite ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a selenite ion stimulus.


sabinene-hydrate synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate + H2O = diphosphate + sabinene hydrate.


response to imidacloprid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an imidacloprid stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-deoxy-11-oxopentalenate + O2 + NADPH + H+ = pentalenolactone D + H2O + NADP.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: propionyl-CoA + peptide = CoA + N-alpha-propionylpeptide. This reaction is the propionylation of the N-terminal amino acid residue of a peptide or protein.


name: histidine catabolic process to imidazol-5-yl-lactate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histidine into other compounds, including imidazol-5-yl-lactate.


name: negative regulation of vacuolar transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vacuolar transport.


name: regulation of intraciliary anterograde transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intraciliary anterograde transport.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxyl-CoA + H2O = 2,6-dihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA.


metal cluster binding

description: Binding to a cluster of atoms including both metal ions and nonmetal atoms, usually sulfur and oxygen. Examples include iron-sulfur clusters and nickel-iron-sulfur clusters.


name: 2,5-dioxovalerate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,5-dioxopentanoate + NADP+ + H2O = 2-oxoglutarate + NADPH + H+.


regulation of maltoheptaose transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of maltoheptaose transport.


name: regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-amino-1-deoxy-scyllo-inositol 4-phosphate + L-arginine = 1-guanidino-1-deoxy-scyllo-inositol 4-phosphate + L-ornithine.


name: regulation of exodeoxyribonuclease activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of exodeoxyribonuclease activity.


name: positive regulation of intermediate mesodermal cell fate determination

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intermediate mesoderm cell fate determination.


name: tungsten incorporation into tungsten-molybdopterin complex

description: The incorporation of tungsten into a tungsten-molybdopterin complex.


acetylacetone-cleaving enzyme activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: pentane-2,4-dione + O2 = acetate + 2-oxopropanal.


name: symbiont-mediated migration across host tissue barrier

description: A process in which a symbiont moves across a tissue barrier of the host to transports itself across an extracellular cellular matrix barrier or between the cells of a tissue. This involves the temporary or permanent breaching of the tissue barrier.


histone H3 demethylase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from a modified lysine residue of the histone H3 protein. This is a dioxygenase reaction that is dependent on Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate.


name: specification of segmental identity, intercalary segment

description: The specification of the characteristic structures of the intercalary segment of the anterior head, following establishment of segment boundaries. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


homoserine O-acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-homoserine + acetyl-CoA = O-acetyl-L-homoserine + CoA.


name: U2 snRNA adenosine m6 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a adenosine in U2 snRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = an N6-methyl-adenosine in U2 snRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


cellular response to sulfur starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of sulfur.


beta-elemene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = beta-elemene + diphosphoric acid.


lycopene epsilon cyclase activity

description: Catalysis of the cyclization of an epsilon ring at one end of the lycopene molecule (psi, psi-carotene) to form delta-carotene (epsilon, psi-carotene).


name: 4-aminobenzenesulfonate 3,4-dioxygenase (deaminating) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobenzenesulfonate + 2 H+ + O2 + 2 e- = NH3 + 4-sulfocatechol.


coenzyme F420 hydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: coenzyme F420 + H(2) + H+ = reduced coenzyme F420.


flavonoid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavonoids, a group of phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton.


ubiquinone-6 binding

description: Binding to ubiquinone-6. Ubiquinone-6 is a ubiquinone compound having a (2E,6E,10E,14E,18E)-3,7,11,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaen-1-yl substituent at position 2.


name: phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis from phosphoryl-ethanolamine via N-dimethylethanolamine phosphate and CDP-N-dimethylethanolamine

description: The phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process that begins with two N-methylations with phospho-base phosphoethanolamine and phospho-N-methylethanolamine, followed by a downstream N-methylation on phosphatidyl-base phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine; the process ends with the conversion of a phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine to a phosphatidylcholine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a flavonol = UDP + a flavonol 7-O-beta-D-glucoside.


peptidyl-tyrosine hydroxylation

description: The hydroxylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-dihydroxyphenylalanine.


response to acid chemical

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus by the chemical structure of the anion portion of a dissociated acid (rather than the acid acting as a proton donor). The acid chemical may be in gaseous, liquid or solid form.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: esculetin + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = 4-O-beta-D-glucosyl-esculetin + UDP + H+.


name: negative regulation of apical ectodermal ridge formation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apical ectodermal ridge formation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: cytosylglucuronic acid + H+ = cytosylarabinopyranose + CO2.


meiotic M phase

description: A cell cycle phase during which nuclear division occurs, and which is comprises the phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase and occurs as part of a meiotic cell cycle.


name: positive regulation of cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic to meiotic cell cycle switching, the process in which a cell switches cell cycle mode from mitotic to meiotic division.


cephalosporin C biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cephalosporin C.


positive regulation of oogenesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oogenesis.


name: protein insertion into ER membrane by internal uncleaved signal-anchor sequence

description: A process of protein insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in which signal anchor sequences function as both ER signal sequences and membrane anchor sequences.


metal ion sensor activity

description: Binding to and responding, e.g. by conformational change, to changes in the cellular level of a metal ion.


name: positive regulation of uredinium development

description: Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of uredinium development, a process that leads to the formation of a reddish, pustule-like structure formed by a rust fungus and consisting of uredospores.


name: vanillate O-demethylase (anaerobic) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: vanillate + Co+ = Co3+-CH3 + 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate.


juglone 3-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 juglone + O2 = 2 3,5-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone + 2 H+.


imaginal disc morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures derived from an imaginal disc are generated and organized. The imaginal discs are epithelial infoldings in the larvae of holometabolous insects that develop into adult appendages (legs, antennae, wings, etc.) during metamorphosis from larval to adult form.


regulation of DNA endoreduplication

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA endoreduplication.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-glycerate + NADP+ = 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoate + NADPH + H+.


name: DNM1L-mediated stimulation of mitophagy in response to mitochondrial depolarization

description: A positive regulation of the macromitophagy pathway that is triggered by mitochondrial depolarization and requires the function of a DNM1L-family molecule.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxydec-2,4-diene-1,10-dioate + H2O = (2Z)-2,4-dihydroxydec-2-enedioate.


regulation of thymine transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of thymine, 5-methyluracil, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


response to cytarabine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytarabine stimulus.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host type III interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a type III interferon-mediated signaling in the host organism. Type III interferon is also known as interferon-lambda.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: kaempferide + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3,4'-dimethylkaempferol + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


beta-glucan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans.


ectoine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid), a tetrahydropyrimidine commonly synthesized by halophilic bacteria.


ribonuclease IV activity

description: Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of poly(A) to fragments terminated by 3'-hydroxy and 5'-phosphate groups.


name: semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway involved in dendrite guidance

description: Any semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway that is involved in dendrite guidance.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + NADH + O2 + quinolin-2-ol = H2O + NAD+ + quinoline-2,8-diol.


description: The attachment of a peroxisome to a chloroplast via molecular tethers that physically bridge their respective membranes and attach them to each other. The tethering may facilitate exchange of metabolites between the organelles.


name: response to very low light intensity stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a very low light intensity stimulus. A very low light intensity stimulus is defined as a level of electromagnetic radiation below 0.001 mmol/m2/sec.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + pyruvate = 3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvate + L-alanine.


name: branched-chain amino acid catabolic process to carboxylic acid via Ehrlich pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce carboxylic acids with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. When a branched chain family amino acid, leucine, isoleucine, or valine, is used as the substrate, 3-methylbutanoate, 2-methylbutanoate, or 2-methylpropanoate, respectively, is produced. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of carboxylic acids, sometimes collectively referred to as fusel acids. Depending on the redox state of the cells, alcohol derivatives may be produced instead of carboxylic acids.


name: hyperpolarization of postsynaptic membrane

description: A process that hyerpolarizes a postsynaptic membrane relative to its resting potential. This has an inhibitory effect on the post-synaptic cell, moving the membrane potential away from the firing threshold.


name: 1,2-dihydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene extradiol dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalene + O2 = 4-(2-oxocyclohexyl)-2-hydroxy-buta-2,4-dienoate + H+.


tracheary element differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a tracheary element.


name: 4-methylaminobutyrate oxidase (demethylating) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(methylamino)butyric acid + O2 + H2O = gamma-aminobutyric acid + formaldehyde + hydrogen peroxide.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (25S)-Delta(7)-dafachronate.


name: protein-containing complex stabilizing activity

description: A molecular function that involves direct binding to one of the subunits of a protein-containing complex, thus preventing an interaction with a factor that would promote dissociation of the complex.


name: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 production

description: The appearance of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 (CXCL13) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: deoxyribose 1,5-bisphosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyribose 1,5-bisphosphate, the diphosphorylated sugar 1,5-diphospho-2-deoxyribose.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: luteolinidin + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = luteolinidin 5-O-glucoside + UDP + 2 H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: phosphate + beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + alpha-D-galactopyranose 1-phosphate.


name: 1-18:2-2-16:0-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol desaturase activity (SN2-16:1 forming)

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-18:2-2-16:0-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor = 1-18:2-2-16:1-monogalactosyldiacylglycerol + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


response to diphenyl ether

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diphenyl ether stimulus.


pullulan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving pullulan, a neutral linear polysaccharide composed of repeating units of maltotriose joined by alpha-(1,6)-linkages.


description: The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-32 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: peptidyl-1-thioglycine biosynthetic process, carboxy-terminal

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carboxy-terminal peptidyl-1-thioglycine, which has a carboxy-terminal thiocarboxy-C(=O)-SH bond.


detection of muscle inactivity

description: The series of events in which a muscle inactivity stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


formate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: formate + NADP+ = CO2 + NADPH.


name: aphidicolan-16 beta-ol synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate + H2O = aphidicolan-16-beta-ol + diphosphate.


name: negative regulation of (R)-carnitine transmembrane transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of (R)-carnitine transmembrane transport.


phthalate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phthalate, the anion of phthalic acid.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxychromene-2-carboxylate = (3E)-4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate. (3E)-4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxobut-3-enoate is also known as trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate.


ubiquinone-6 catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ubiquinone-6.


cellular response to nitrogen compound

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrogen compound stimulus.


name: endocardial precursor cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of an endocardial precursor cell. A endocardial precursor cell is a cell that has been committed to a endocardial cell fate, but will undergo further cell divisions rather than terminally differentiate.


name: follicular fluid formation in ovarian follicle antrum involved in scattered antral spaces stage

description: The menstrual cycle process in which one central cavity separating the oocyte/cumulus complex from mural granulosa and theca cells is formed as part of the scattered antral spaces stage of oogenesis.


regulation of c-di-GMP signaling

description: Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of c-di-GMP signaling.


name: positive regulation of response to ethanol

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to ethanol.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host immune response

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts the immune response of the host organism; the immune response is any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: plasma membrane fusion involved in cytogamy

description: The joining of two or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround cells, that contributes to cytogamy.


compound eye pigmentation

description: Establishment of a pattern of pigment in the compound eye.


glomerular epithelial cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerular epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the glomerulus; there are two types, glomerular parietal epithelial cells and glomerular visceral epithelial cells.


preQ1 synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine + 2 NADP+ = 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine + 3 H+ + 2 NADPH.


name: positive regulation of trichoblast fate specification

description: Any process that induces or promotes trichoblast fate specification.


limonene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of limonene (4-isopropenyl-1-methyl-cyclohexene), a monocyclic monoterpene.


name: regulation of mechanoreceptor differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mechanoreceptor differentiation.


name: chaperone-mediated autophagy translocation complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a chaperone-mediated autophagy translocation complex.


name: coenzyme F420-2 alpha-glutamyl ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: coenzyme F420-2 + L-glutamate + GTP = coenzyme F420-3 + GDP + orthophosphate.


oxalate decarboxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + oxalate = CO2 + formate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-4-keto-6-deoxyglucose = UDP-4-keto-rhamnose.


name: ethylene receptor histidine kinase activity

description: Combining with ethylene and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-histidine = ADP + a protein-L-histidine phosphate.


ecdysone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ecdysone, (22R)-2-beta,3-beta,14,22,25-pentahydroxycholest-7-en-6-one, an ecdysteroid found in insects.


glucose dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose + acceptor = D-glucono-1,5-lactone + reduced acceptor.


name: modulation by symbiont of host anion transport

description: The process in which a symbiont organism modulates the anion transport, the directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, of its host organism.


name: negative regulation of mitotic telomere tethering at nuclear periphery

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic telomere tethering at nuclear periphery.


secondary neural tube formation

description: The formation of the neural tube by coalescence of mesenchymal cells followed by their conversion to epithelial cells to form a solid cord that subsequently hollows out (cavitates) to create a hollow tube. Secondary neurulation is the typical mechanism of formation of the neural tube posterior to the posterior neuropore in mammals.


cystic duct development

description: The progression of the cystic duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cystic duct runs from the gallbladder to the common bile duct.


name: malate:proton symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: malate(out) + H+(out) = malate(in) + H+(in).


name: adhesion of symbiont to microvasculature

description: The adherence of symbiont-infected erythrocytes to microvascular endothelium via symbiont proteins embedded in the membrane of the erythrocyte.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host TRAF-mediated signal transduction

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a TRAF-mediated signal transduction pathway in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: inhibitory G protein-coupled receptor phosphorylation

description: The process that inhibits the signaling function of a G protein-coupled receptor by addition of a phosphate group to its third intracellular loop consensus site.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 (2R)-3-phosphoglycerate + 2 H+ = CO2 + D-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate + H2O.


sensory perception of fast pain

description: The series of events required for an organism to receive a fast pain stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process. Fast pain is often subjectively described as a sharp or stabbing pain; in humans, the signals from a fast pain stimulus are perceived and relayed along myelinated A-delta fibers to the central nervous system, reaching their target in about 0.1 seconds.


ionotropic olfactory receptor activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific odorant has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


response to ciliary neurotrophic factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ciliary neurotrophic factor stimulus.


name: siderophore uptake transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: siderophore-iron(ferrioxamine)(out) + H+(out) = siderophore-iron(ferrioxamine)(in) + H+(in).


description: The disaggregation of a protein-carbohydrate complex into its constituent components.


name: positive regulation of xanthophore differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of xanthophore differentiation.


peptidyl-cysteine modification

description: The modification of peptidyl-cysteine.


name: diphosphate hydrolysis-driven proton transmembrane transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + H+(in) + H2O = 2 H+(out) + 2 phosphate.


name: aggregation involved in sorocarp development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the aggregate over time, from its formation to the point when a slug is formed. Aggregate development begins in response to starvation and continues by the chemoattractant-mediated movement of cells toward each other. The aggregate is a multicellular structure that gives rise to the slug.


name: histone H2BK12 acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H2B L-lysine (position 12) = CoA + histone H2B N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 12).


regulation of response to stimulus

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus.


name: negative regulation of phosphorelay signal transduction system

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction via a phosphorelay signal transduction system.


name: protein localization to cortical microtubule cytoskeleton

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a location within the cortical microtubule cytoskeleton.


selenite reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: SeO3(2-) + 3NADPH + 5H+ = H2Se + 3NADP+ + 3H2O.


mimosinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-mimosine + H2O = 3-hydroxy-4H-pyrid-4-one + L-serine.


name: negative regulation of syringal lignin biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of syringal lignin biosynthetic process.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methylene-L-glutamate + ATP + NH4 = 4-methylene-L-glutamine + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + H2O + OH- = 6-hydroxy-3-succinoylpyridine + 4 H+ + 4 e- + methylamine.


NAD-malic enzyme C4 photosynthesis

description: The process of C4 photosynthesis, as it occurs in plants in which the enzyme decarboxylating C4 acids in the bundle sheath is NAD-malic enzyme.


cellular response to nickel ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nickel ion stimulus.


oligogalacturonide lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(4-deoxy-alpha-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl)-D-galacturonate = 2 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucuronate.


hexachlorocyclohexane metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving hexachlorocyclohexane, a cyclohexane derivative with 6 chlorine atoms attached to the hexane ring. Hexachlorocyclohexane consists of a mixture of 8 different isomers and was used a commercial insecticide. It is persistent in the environment, causing serious soil pollution.


response to putrescine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a putrescine stimulus.


name: negative regulation of auxin mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of auxin mediated signaling pathway. Auxin mediated signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated in response to detection of auxin.


D(-)-tartrate dehydratase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-tartrate = H2O + oxaloacetate.


name: positive regulation of ductus arteriosus closure

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ductus arteriosus closure.


name: negative regulation of long-chain fatty acid import into cell

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of long-chain fatty acid import into a cell.


name: 15-hydroxyprostaglandin-I dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: NADP+ + prostaglandin I(2) = 15-dehydro-prostaglandin I(2) + H+ + NADPH.


response to interleukin-17

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-17 stimulus.


name: ferric triacetylfusarinine C:proton symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ferric triacetylfusarinine C(out) + H+(out) = ferric triacetylfusarinine C(in) + H+(in).


lactate racemization

description: Partial conversion of one lactate enantiomer into another so that the specific optical rotation is decreased, or even reduced to zero, in the resulting mixture.


name: regulation of activated T cell autonomous cell death

description: Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of activated T cell autonomous cell death.


momilactone-A synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3beta-hydroxy-9beta-pimara-7,15-diene-19,6beta-olide + NAD(P) = momilactone A + H+ + NAD(P)H.


xylan binding

description: Binding to xylan.


regulation of lymphatic vessel size

description: Any process that modulates the size of lymphatic vessels.


name: negative regulation of tyramine signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tyramine signaling pathway.


ISG15 conjugating enzyme activity

description: Isoenergetic transfer of ISG15 from one protein to another via the reaction X-ISG15 + Y = Y-ISG15 + X, where both the X-ISG15 and Y-ISG15 linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal amino acid of ISG15 and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue.


acetolactate decarboxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate = (R)-2-acetoin + CO2.


formyl-CoA transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: formyl-CoA + oxalate = formate + oxalyl-CoA.


name: translocation of peptides or proteins into host

description: The directed movement of peptides or proteins produced by an organism to a location inside its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


oxamate carbamoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: carbamoyl phosphate + oxamate = oxalurate + phosphate.


name: left ventricular trabecular myocardium morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of cardiac left ventricular trabecular myocardium are generated and organized.


3-phenanthrol sulfotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-phenanthrol + X-SO3(-) = HX + 3-phenanthrylsulfate.


name: anterograde trans-synaptic signaling by nitric oxide

description: Cell-cell signaling from presynapse to postynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by nitric oxide.


name: specification of segmental identity, labial segment

description: The specification of the characteristic structures of the labial segment following establishment of segment boundaries. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


name: negative regulation of cation transmembrane transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cation transmembrane transport.


name: mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cell. Mesonephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport.


alkylglycerone kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: O-alkylglycerone + ATP = O-alkylglycerone phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (5R)-3-hydroxymenthone + NAD+ = mentha-1,3-dione + NADH + H+.


name: regulation of chemokine-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a chemokine-mediated signaling pathway.


name: platelet-derived growth factor production

description: The appearance of any platelet-derived growth factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


beta-amylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n+1) + H2O = (1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl)(n-1) + alpha-maltose. This reaction is the hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides so as to remove successive maltose units from the non-reducing ends of the chains.


name: basement membrane disassembly involved in semicircular canal fusion

description: A process that results in the breakdown of the basement membrane that contributes to the process of semicircular canal fusion.


unidirectional conjugation

description: The process of unidirectional (polarized) transfer of genetic information involving direct cellular contact between a donor and recipient cell; the contact is followed by the formation of a cellular bridge that physically connects the cells. Some or all of the chromosome(s) of the donor cell is transferred into the recipient cell.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxypyridine + AH(2) + O2 = 2,5-dihydroxypyridine + A + H2O.


cellulosome assembly

description: The assembly of a cellulosome, a macromolecular multi-enzyme complex in bacteria that facilitates the breakdown of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectin in the plant cell wall.


name: protein-heme P460 linkage via heme P460-bis-L-cysteine-L-lysine

description: The linkage of protein to heme P460 via heme P460-bis-L-cysteine-L-lysine.


respiratory chain complex II assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex II.


peptidyl-threonine adenylylation

description: The adenylylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-(phospho-5'-adenosine)-L-threonine.


myxospore formation

description: The process in which differentiated, resting cells are formed, usually within a fruiting body by Myxobacteria. The myxospore is more resistant to high temperature, desiccation, and UV than vegetative myxobacteria.


negative regulation of seed maturation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of seed maturation.


B cell positive selection

description: Any process in which B cells are selected to survive based on signaling through the B cell antigen receptor.


name: positive regulation of chitin-based cuticle tanning

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chitin-based cuticular tanning.


tetrahydrobiopterin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tetrahydrobiopterin, the reduced form of biopterin (2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(1,2-dihydroxypropyl)-pteridine). It functions as a hydroxylation coenzyme, e.g. in the conversion of phenylalanine to tyrosine.


name: regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell differentiation.


regulation of heptasaccharide transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heptasaccharide transport.


name: unsaturated rhamnogalacturonyl hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-O-(4-deoxy-beta-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranose(1-) + H2O = (4S,5S)-4,5-dihydroxy-2,6-dioxohexanoate + alpha-L-rhamnopyranose.


name: negative regulation of hindgut contraction

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction of the hindgut, the posterior part of the alimentary canal, including the rectum, and the large intestine.


regulation of lyase activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lyase activity, the catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring.


cleistothecium formation

description: The process of producing a cleistothecium, a closed sexual fruiting body that contains ascospores in linear asci. Cleistothecia are present in some filamentous Ascomycete fungi such as members of the genera Aspergillus and Emericella.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(5-phosphonatoribosyl)-5'-AMP + H2O = 1-(5-phosphoribosyl)-5-[(5-phosphoribosylamino)methylideneamino]imidazole-4-carboxamide.


name: negative regulation of thymocyte migration

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of thymocyte migration.


name: positive regulation of apical ectodermal ridge formation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apical ectodermal ridge formation.


immunoglobulin-mediated neutralization

description: The inhibition of an antigen's biological effects by antibody binding to it. An example is neutralization of diphtheria toxin by preventing its entry into human cells via the binding of antibody specific for diphtheria toxin.


name: establishment of imaginal disc-derived wing hair orientation

description: Orientation of hairs in the imaginal disc-derived wing along a proximal-distal axis, such that each cell of the wing produces one wing hair which points in a distal direction.


name: specification of segmental identity, antennal segment

description: The specification of the characteristic structures of the antennal segment following establishment of segment boundaries. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: naphthyl-2-hydroxymethyl-succinyl-CoA = naphthyl-2-oxomethyl-succinyl-CoA + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


pyridine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pyridine, a nitrogenous base (C5H5N) obtained from the distillation of bone oil or coal tar, and by the decomposition of certain alkaloids, as a colorless liquid with a peculiar pungent odor.


name: G protein-coupled chemorepellent receptor signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a chemorepellent binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. cytoskeleton reorganization.


description: The methylation of the N-terminal methionine of proteins to form the derivative N-methyl-L-methionine.


chloroplast accumulation movement

description: The relocation process in which chloroplasts in photosynthetic cells move toward a brighter area in a cell to optimize photosynthesis.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 14betaH-scalarane-17alpha-19-diol = all-trans-geranylfarnesol + H2O.


name: actin-dependent intracellular transport of virus

description: The directed movement of a virus, or part of a virus, within the host cell cytoplasm via the host's actin filaments. Actin-dependent transport is induced by viral proteins that interact with actin and/or host cell motor proteins like myosins or that promotes actin polymerization/depolymerization reactions.


name: metanephric long descending thin limb development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric long descending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric long descending thin limb is the descending thin limb of a long nephron in the metanephros that has a squamous epithelial morphology. The long descending limb starts in the inner stripe of the outer medulla and extends into the inner medulla.


tensidol B catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tensidol B.


name: primary shoot apical meristem specification

description: The specification of the meristem which will give rise to all post-embryonic above-ground structures of the plant as well as the non-root below-ground structures, such as rhizomes and tubers.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host CRISPR-cas system

description: A process by which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the CRISPR-cas system of its host. Bacteria and archaea use CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems to defend themselves from infection by bacteriophages (phages), and phages have various mechanisms to counter the CRISPR-cas system.


(+)-beta-barbatene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = (+)-beta-barbatene + diphosphoric acid.


oculomotor nerve maturation

description: A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the oculomotor nerve to attain its fully functional state. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle.


name: ubiquitin-like protein conjugating enzyme activity

description: Isoenergetic transfer of a ubiquitin-like protein (ULP) from one protein to another molecule, usually another protein, via the reaction X-SCP + Y = Y-SCP + X, where both the X-SCP and Y-SCP linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal amino acid of SCP and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue.


response to auxin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an auxin stimulus.


galacturonan binding

description: Binding to a simple or complex galacturonan. Galacturonan is any glycan composed solely of galacturonic acid residues, a specific type of glycuronan, and a constituent of some pectins.


name: cell wall macromolecule catabolic process involved in cytogamy

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules forming part of a cell wall that contribute to cytogamy.


membrane tag activity

description: A molecular function exhibited by a protein that is covalently attached (AKA tagged or conjugated) to a lipid, where it acts as a marker for a membrane, recognized by the cellular apparatus to target the tagged protein for some cellular process such as autophagy.


name: larval midgut cell programmed cell death

description: The stage-specific programmed cell death of cells of the larval midgut, during histolysis of the larval organ.


regulation of zoospore formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of zoospore formation, a process in which a diploid cell undergoes meiosis, and the meiotic products acquire specialized features of asexual motile mononucleate flagellated spores called zoospores.


name: negative regulation of melanosome transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of melanosome transport.


name: CTP-dependent diacylglycerol kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + CTP = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CDP + H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 19-O-beta-glucopyranosyl-steviol + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = rubusoside + UDP + H+.


bilobe structure assembly

description: The assembly and organization of a bilobe structure, a cytoskeletal structure in some kinetoplastid species linking the structures of the ciliary pocket collar and the flagellum attachment zone (aka cilium attachment zone).


name: tolerance induction in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue

description: Tolerance induction taking place in the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT).


positive regulation of response to food

description: Any process that activates, maintains, or increases the rate of a response to a food stimulus.


name: regulation of the velocity of shortening of skeletal muscle modulating contraction

description: Any process that modulates velocity of shortening of a skeletal muscle contraction. The shortening leads to reduction of the length of muscle fibers and sarcomeres.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine = N-acetyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichlorobenzoate + ATP + CoASH = AMP + diphosphate + 2,4-dichlorobenzoyl-CoA.


myosin heavy chain kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + myosin-heavy-chain = ADP + myosin-heavy-chain phosphate.


name: peptidyl-1-thioglycine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-glycine

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidyl-1-thioglycine from other compounds, including peptidyl-glycine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: kaempferol oxoanion + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3-O-methylkaempferol + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


lysine dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysine + NAD+ = 1,2-didehydropiperidine-2-carboxylate + NH3 + NADH.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the Q nucleoside precursor 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine, also known as 2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile or preQo.


FAT10 ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of FAT10 to a substrate protein via the reaction X-FAT10 + S = X + S-FAT10, where X is either an E2 or E3 enzyme, the X-FAT10 linkage is a thioester bond, and the S-FAT10 linkage is an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal glycine of FAT10 and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in the substrate.


haltere disc morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures derived from the haltere disc are generated and organized. This includes the transformation of a haltere imaginal disc from a monolayered epithelium in the larvae of holometabolous insects into the recognizable adult capitellum, pedicel, haltere sclerite, metathoracic spiracle and metanotum.


maltodextrin phosphorylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: maltodextrin = glucose-1-phosphate.


name: cellular response to magnesium starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of magnesium.


name: negative regulation of methanophenazine metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of methanophenazine metabolic process.


detection of nutrient

description: The series of events in which a nutrient stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


ciliary centrin arm assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a ciliary centrin arm, a rod-shaped protein complex containing Centrin4 protein that flanks the flagellum attachment zone (FAZ) filament and the quartet microtubules.


D-arabinose catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabinose, the D-enantiomer of arabino-pentose.


S-lactaldehyde reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-propane-1,2-diol + NAD+ = (S)-lactaldehyde + NADH + H+.


name: non-kinase phorbol ester receptor activity

description: Combining with a phorbol ester and transmitting the signal by a mechanism independent of kinase activity.


leaf pavement cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an leaf pavement cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a leaf pavement cell fate.


cellodextrin binding

description: Binding to a cellodextrin, a glucose polymer of 2 or more glucose monomers.


name: regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity.


name: regulation of tolerance induction to self antigen

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction to self antigen.


parthenolide 3beta-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: parthenolide + NADPH + O2 + H+ = 3beta-hydroxyparthenolide + NADP + H2O.


name: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility

description: Bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility in which the action of numerous flagella results in the smooth movement of a group of cells along a solid surface. Swarming motility is observed in groups of bacteria.


L-proline betaine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of stachydrine, N-methylproline methylbetaine, the betaine derivative of L-proline.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3,5-dichlorocatechol + O2 = 2 H+ + 2,4-dichloro-cis,cis-muconate.


maleimide hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + maleimide = H+ + maleamate.


description: Catalysis of the successive hydrolysis of beta-D-glucose units from the non-reducing ends of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, releasing alpha-glucose.


name: snRNA 2'-O-ribose methylation guide activity

description: Activity that provides specificity to a methylase by using base complementarity to guide site-specific 2'-O-ribose methylations to a small nuclear RNA molecule.


violaceol I biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of violaceol I.


granulysin production

description: The appearance of granulysin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: lateral sprouting involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis

description: The process in which a branch forms along the side of a ureteric bud.


release of seed from dormancy

description: The process in which the dormant state is broken in a seed. Dormancy is characterized by a suspension of physiological activity that can be reactivated upon release.


conjugation with cellular fusion

description: A conjugation process that results in the union of cellular and genetic information from compatible mating types. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


galactarate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactarate, an anion of galactaric acid, the meso-aldaric acid derived from both D- and L-galactose.