name: regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in heart morphogenesis.


name: positive regulation of red or far-red light signaling pathway

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the red or far-red signaling pathway, the series of molecular signals initiated upon sensing by photoreceptor molecules of red light or far red light.


leading edge cell fate commitment

description: The commitment of cells to leading edge cell fate and their capacity to differentiate into leading edge cells. Leading edge cells are found at the front of a migrating epithelial sheet.


syncytial embryo cellularization

description: The separation of a syncytial embryo into individual cells.


name: striated muscle myosin thick filament assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the myosin-based thick filaments of myofibrils in striated muscle.


category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Catalysis of the reaction: phloroglucinol + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + 3,5-dihydroxyanisole + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


syringal lignin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving syringal lignin.


cysteine synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: O3-acetyl-L-serine + hydrogen sulfide = L-cysteine + acetate.


trans-translation

description: A translational elongation process in which transfer of a translating ribosome from one mRNA to another RNA template takes place. Trans-translation occurs during tmRNA release of stalled ribosomes.


ochratoxin A catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ochratoxin A.


phialide development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of phialides over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Phialides are specialized cells that bud from the ends of metulae on the conidiophore tip. Chains of conidia, or asexual spores, develop from the phialide tips.


toluene 4-monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: toluene + H+ + NADH + O2 = 4-methylphenol + H2O + NAD+.


name: negative regulation of xylose catabolic process to ethanol

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of xylose catabolic process to ethanol.


axonemal outer doublet assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an axonemal outer doublet, a part of an axoneme consisting of a doublet microtubule.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxycyclohexanone + A = AH(2) + cyclohexane-1,3-dione.


mannosylphosphate transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a mannosylphosphate group from one compound to another.


name: lipid tube assembly involved in organelle fission

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a macromolecular complex that contains a tube of lipid surrounded by a protein coat involved in membrane shaping of vesicle membranes as organelles undergo fission.


name: positive regulation of T-helper 1 cell activation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell activation.


mineralocorticoid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mineralocorticoids, hormonal C21 corticosteroids synthesized from cholesterol.


L-tyrosine aminotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from L-tyrosine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid.


name: cytochrome-b5 reductase activity, acting on NADPH

description: Catalysis of the reaction: NADPH + H+ + 2 ferricytochrome b(5) = NADP+ + 2 ferrocytochrome b(5).


name: short-chain fatty acyl-CoA hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a short-chain fatty acyl-CoA + H2O = a short fatty acid + CoA + H+. A short-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail of less than 6 carbons.


cspyrone B1 catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cspyrone B1.


name: vitamin B6 transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of any of the vitamin B6 compounds, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine and the active form, pyridoxal phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


cyanophycin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanophycin, a non-protein, non-ribosomally produced amino acid polymer composed of an aspartic acid backbone and arginine side groups.


acetyl-CoA assimilation pathway

description: The pathways by which acetyl-CoA is processed and converted into alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate); methanogenic archaea use these pathways to assimilate acetyl-CoA into the cell.


name: establishment or maintenance of neuroblast polarity

description: Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the apicobasal polarity of a neuroblast cell, a progenitor of the central nervous system.


cellular response to benzoic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a benzoic acid stimulus.


name: nickel incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster

description: The incorporation of nickel into a metallo-sulfur cluster.


hypoglossal nerve maturation

description: A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the hypoglossal nerve to attain its fully functional state. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 = 2-hydroxy-3-(3-oxoprop-1-enyl)but-2-enedioate + H+.


name: positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition.


name: kaempferol 3-glucoside 7-O-rhamnosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: kaempferol 3-O-glucoside + UDP-L-rhamnose = kaempferol-3-glucoside-7-rhamnoside + UDP.


inhibin complex binding

description: Binding to an inhibin complex, a dimer of one inhibin-alpha subunit and one inhibin-beta subunit.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (17Z)-protosta-17(20),24-dien-3beta-ol.


(-)-microperfuranone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of (-)-microperfuranone.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + isoflavone = UDP + isoflavone 7-O-beta-D-glucoside.


neuroblast activation

description: A change in the morphology or behavior of a neuroblast resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.


lysine 6-dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + NAD+ + L-lysine = NH3 + NADH + allysine.


imidazolone hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-formimidoylglycine => H2O + imidazol-4-one.


response to endogenous stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus arising within the organism.


name: transcription factor TFIIH holo complex binding

description: Binding to a transcription factor TFIIH holo complex.


description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in amylaceous polysaccharides, to remove successive maltohexaose residues from the non-reducing chain ends.


name: peptidyl-cysteine modification to L-cysteine persulfide

description: The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-L-cysteine persulfide.


name: macropinosomal membrane permeabilization involved in viral entry into host cell

description: Induction of macropinosome membrane permeabilization triggered by an interaction between the host membrane and a membrane-penetration protein associated with the capsid. Occurs after internalization of the virus in a macropinosome, and results in release of the viral contents from the macropinosome into the host cell cytoplasm.


citronellol dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: citronellol + NAD+ = citronellal + NADH + H+.


anterior mesonephric tubule development

description: The progression of the anterior mesonephric tubule over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The anterior mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros.


pentachlorophenol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving pentachlorophenol, a chlorinated insecticide and fungicide used primarily to protect timber from fungal rot and wood boring insects. Pentachlorophenol is significantly toxic to mammals, plants, and many microorganisms.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin.


salt transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of salt from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: negative regulation of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 8 signaling pathway.


juvenile hormone binding

description: Binding to a juvenile hormone, a sesquiterpenoid derivative that function to maintain the larval state of insects at molting and that may be required for other processes, e.g. oogenesis.


misfolded RNA binding

description: Binding to an RNA molecule that has assumed an incorrect conformation.


primary neural tube formation

description: The formation of the neural tube from an epithelial cell sheet (the neuroepithelium or neural plate). In primary neurulation, the cells surrounding the neural plate direct the neural plate cells to proliferate, invaginate, and pinch off from the surface to form a hollow epithelial tube. Primary neurulation is the typical mechanism of formation of the anterior neural tube.


name: 11alpha-30-dihydroxy beta-amyrin dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 11alpha,30-dihydroxy-beta-amyrin + NADPH + O2 + H+ = 30-hydroxy-11-oxo-beta-amyrin + NADP + 2 H2O.


versicolorin reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reduction of versicolorin A to sterigmatocystin.


pectin lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a pectin = an oligosaccharide with 4-deoxy-6-O-methyl-alpha-D-galact-4-enuronate end + a pectin. This reaction is the eliminative cleavage of (1->4)-alpha-D-galacturonan methyl ester to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-6-O-methyl-alpha-D-galact-4-enuronosyl groups at their nonreducing ends.


stilbene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving stilbenes, a class of polyketides formed from a molecule of cinnamic acid and three molecules of malonyl-CoA.


glucan catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucans, polysaccharides consisting only of glucose residues.


name: defense response by cell wall thickening

description: A type of cell wall modification, in which the cell wall is reinforced and made thicker, that occurs as part of the defense response of an organism.


patchoulol synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-) = seychellene + diphosphoric acid.


exocytic process

description: The cellular processes that contribute to exocytosis.


endothelin production

description: The appearance of a endothelin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Endothelins are endothelium-derived vasoactive peptides involved in a variety of biological functions.


name: cyclic-di-GMP transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of cyclic-di-GMP from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: histamine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of histamine from one side of a membrane to the other.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the carbon atom of an arginine residue in a protein. This modification has been detected in anaerobic bacteria.


regulation of ascospore formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ascospore formation. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


name: intermediate voltage-gated calcium channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by an intermediate voltage-gated channel. An intermediate voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on intermediate voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: negative regulation of plant epidermal cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of plant epidermal cell differentiation.


name: positive regulation of slow-twitch skeletal muscle fiber contraction

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of slow-twitch skeletal muscle contraction.


embryonic shoot morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of embryonic shoot are generated and organized.


cellobiose phosphorylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: cellobiose + phosphate = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + D-glucose.


name: lys-arg specific dibasic protein processing

description: Any protein processing achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond after a lysine-arginine amino acid residue combination within a protein.


name: positive regulation of anthocyanin biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of anthocyanins.


name: gibberellin A34,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A34 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = H+ + gibberellin A34-catabolite + succinate + carbon dioxide + H2O.


name: dorsal/ventral axis specification, ovarian follicular epithelium

description: Polarization of the ovarian follicle cells along the dorsal/ventral axis. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


membrane bone morphogenesis

description: The process in which bone which forms deep in the organism are generated and organized.


retrotrapezoid nucleus development

description: The progression of the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) over time from it's initial formation to its mature state. The retrotrapezoid nucleus is a group of neurons in the rostral medulla, which are responsible regulating respiration.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + androst-4-ene-3,17-dione + O2 = A + H2O + testololactone.


name: positive regulation of cAMP/PKA signal transduction

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cAMP/PKA signal transduction.


response to statin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a statin stimulus. Statins are organooxygen compounds whose structure is related to compactin (mevastatin) and which may be used as an anticholesteremic drug due its EC:1.1.1.34/EC:1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitory properties.


cell cycle phase

description: One of the distinct periods or stages into which the cell cycle is divided. Each phase is characterized by the occurrence of specific biochemical and morphological events.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: cyromazine + H2O = N-cyclopropylammeline + NH3.


larval behavior

description: Behavior in a larval form of an organism, an immature organism that must undergo metamorphosis to assume adult characteristics.


peptide antibiotic biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptides with antibiotic activity.


R3/R4 cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire the specialized features of R3 and R4 photoreceptors. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


tetrahydrofuran hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: tetrahydrofuran + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + 2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoisocaproate + NADH + H+ = (R)-2-hydroxyisocaproate + NAD+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + O2 = 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.


vitamin B6 metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of the vitamin B6 compounds: pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine and the active form, pyridoxal phosphate.


arugosin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arugosin.


CD24 biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD24, a CD marker and cell adhesion molecule that occurs on many B-lineage cells and mature granulocytes, and is involved in B cell activation and differentiation as well as T cell co-stimulation.


mesonephric podocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell. A mesonephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the mesonephros.


sorocarp sorus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sorocarp sorus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A sorocarp sorus is the spore containing structure of a sorocarp.


name: branchiomotor neuron axon guidance in branchial arch mesenchyme

description: The process in which a branchiomotor neuron growth cone in the branchial arch mesenchyme is directed to a specific target site in the branchial arch mesenchyme. Branchiomotor neurons are located in the hindbrain and innervate branchial arch-derived muscles that control jaw movements, facial expression, the larynx, and the pharynx.


name: cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis

description: The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to compound eye morphogenesis.


positive regulation of cellular process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-formyl-ergosta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + O2 + NADH = 4alpha-carboxy-ergosta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NAD + H2O.


(S,S)-butanediol dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S,S)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = acetoin + H+ + NADH.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + cyanidin = H+ + cyanidin 5-O-beta-D-glucoside + UDP.


name: T2-induced deoxynucleotide kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + dGMP = ADP + dGDP, and ATP + dTMP = ADP + dTDP.


name: bacterial cellulose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cellulose, a linear beta1-4 glucan of molecular mass 50-400 kDa with the pyranose units in the -4C1 conformation, as it occurs in certain types of bacteria, mainly Acetobacter, Sarcina ventriculi and Agrobacteria.


deoxysarpagine hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 10-deoxysarpagine + H+ + NADPH + O2 = H2O + NADP+ + sarpagine.


floral organ senescence

description: The last stage of flower development during which programmed degradation of macromolecules and nutrient recycling take place.


benzoate 4-monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 4-hydroxybenzoate + H2O + NADP+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 9,9'-di-cis-zeta-carotene + a quinone = 7,9,9'-tri-cis-neurosporene + a quinol.


analia morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of analia are generated and organized. The analia is the posterior-most vertral appendage that develops from the genital disc. An example of this process is analia morphogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster.


name: regulation of DNA recombination at centromere

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination within centromeric DNA.


name: gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of gibberellic acid.


name: positive regulation of induction of conjugation with cellular fusion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of induction of conjugation with cellular fusion.


regulation of shoot system development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of shoot development.


protein carbamoylation

description: The addition of a carbamoyl group to a protein amino acid. A carbamoyl group is the acyl group -CO-NH2.


fungal-type cell wall organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the fungal-type cell wall.


name: dihydroneopterin triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dihydroneopterin triphosphate = dihydroneopterin phosphate + diphosphate.


name: indole-3-acetonitrile nitrile hydratase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetonitrile + H2O = indole-3-acetamide.


negative regulation of vesicle docking

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle docking.


shell calcification

description: The precipitation of calcium carbonate onto the organic matrix of a shell, such as a mollusc shell.


name: pyrimidine nucleoside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


alpha-santonin 1,2-reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydrosantonin + NAD(P)+ = alpha-santonin + NAD(P)H + H+.


name: neuron differentiation involved in amphid sensory organ development

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron that contributes to the progression of the amphid sensory gland.


name: cell fate determination involved in pattern specification

description: A process involved in commitment of a cell to a fate in a developmental field. Once determination has taken place, a cell becomes committed to differentiate down a particular pathway regardless of its environment.


P-type silver transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ag+(in) = ADP + phosphate + Ag+(out).


regulation of buoyancy

description: Any process that modulates an organism's tendency or ability to rise or float in a fluid medium such as water or air, often through the use of stored gases.


chloroplast rRNA processing

description: Any rRNA processing that takes place in chloroplast.


name: maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during transcription elongation by RNA polymerase III

description: Suppression of the occurrence of transcriptional errors, such as substitutions and/or insertions of nucleotides that do not correctly match the template base, during the process of transcription elongation from a RNA polymerase III promoter.


name: positive regulation of salivary gland boundary specification

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of salivary gland determination.


name: smooth muscle relaxation of the bladder outlet

description: A process in which the extent of smooth muscle contraction is reduced in the bladder outlet that contributes to the expulsion of urine from the body.


protochlorophyllide reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: chlorophyllide a + NADP+ = protochlorophyllide + NADPH + H+.


thiazole metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving thiazole, a five-membered heterocyclic ring structure containing a sulfur in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position.


name: positive regulation of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nematode male tail tip morphogenesis.


retinol dehydratase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + retinol = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + anhydroretinol.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + N-alpha-methyl-L-histidine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N-alpha,N-alpha-dimethyl-L-histidine.


name: regulation of cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus.


name: positive regulation of hemocyte proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of hemocyte proliferation. Hemocytes are blood cells associated with a hemocoel (the cavity containing most of the major organs of the arthropod body) that are involved in defense and clotting of hemolymph, but not involved in transport of oxygen. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


name: negative regulation of adaptive immune effector response

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of adaptive immune effector response.


name: negative regulation of sensory perception of sweet taste

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of sweet taste.


name: negative regulation of spindle checkpoint

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the spindle checkpoint, a cell cycle checkpoint that delays the metaphase/anaphase transition until the spindle is correctly assembled and oriented, and chromosomes are attached to the spindle.


name: positive regulation of biological process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule.


name: negative regulation of phosphatidylethanolamine metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylethanolamine metabolic process.


name: ceramide phosphoethanolamine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ceramide phosphoethanolamine.


name: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (ATP) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + oxaloacetate = ADP + CO2 + H+ + phosphoenolpyruvate.


name: positive regulation of response to butan-1-ol

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to butan-1-ol.


name: negative regulation of filamentous growth

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which a multicellular organism or a group of unicellular organisms grow in a threadlike, filamentous shape.


depolarization of postsynaptic membrane

description: A process that depolarizes a postsynaptic membrane relative to its resting potential. This has an excitatory effect on the post-synaptic cell, moving the membrane potential towards the firing threshold.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: keto-phenylpyruvate + L-tryptophan = 3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvate + L-phenylalanine.


name: positive regulation of RNA import into nucleus

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of movement of RNA from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.


neutrophil dispersal

description: The movement of a neutrophil away from the site of wound or infection following its initial migration to the site.


trimethylamine-oxide aldolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + trimethylamine N-oxide = dimethylamine + formaldehyde.


selenate reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 e(-) + 2 H+ + selenate = H2O + selenite.


name: negative regulation of synaptic vesicle transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle transport.


2-aminomuconate deaminase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminomuconate + H2O + H+ = (Z)-5-oxohex-2-enedioate + NH4.


name: protein maturation by nickel ion transfer

description: A process that contributes to the delivery of nickel ions to a target protein to facilitate its maturation.


name: positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis.


name: viral replication complex formation and maintenance

description: The process of organizing and assembling viral replication proteins in preparation for viral replication.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: keto-phenylpyruvate + L-tyrosine = L-phenylalanine + 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate.


name: regulation of septum digestion after cytokinesis

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the process of physically separating the septal cell wall material by enzymatic digestion, that occurs after daughter cells are separated by cytokinesis.


name: anthranilate 3-monooxygenase (deaminating) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: anthranilate + 2 H+ + NADPH + O2 = 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + NADP+ + NH4.


name: gibberellin A51,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A51 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = H+ + gibberellin A51-catabolite + succinate + carbon dioxide + H2O.


name: phagosome-lysosome docking involved in apoptotic cell clearance

description: The initial attachment of a phagosome membrane to a lysosome membrane that occurs as a part of apoptotic cell clearance. Docking requires only that the proteins come close enough to interact and adhere.


lactate aldolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-lactate = acetaldehyde + formate.


name: fungal-type cell wall disassembly involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

description: Any fungal-type cell wall disassembly that is involved in conjugation with cellular fusion.


name: regulation of L-proline import across plasma membrane

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of L-proline import across plasma membrane.


name: negative regulation of Hulle cell development

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Hulle cell development, a process that leads to the formation of Hulle cells. Hulle cells are specialized multinucleate cells that originate from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development and serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium, or fruiting body.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors, quinone or related compound as acceptor

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a quinone or related compound.


fluorothreonine transaldolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-threonine + fluoroacetaldehyde = acetaldehyde + 4-fluoro-L-threonine.


name: low-density lipoprotein particle disassembly

description: The disaggregation of a low-density lipoprotein particle into its constituent components.


deacetylipecoside synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: deacetylipecoside + H2O = dopamine + secologanin.


name: ferric-chelate reductase (NADH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 Fe3+-siderophore + NAD+ + H+ -> 2 Fe2+-siderophore + NADH.


response to rotenone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a rotenone stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate + O2 = 5-formyl-2-hydroxyhepta-2,4-dienedioate + H+.


name: RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain O-GlcNAc transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat (YSPTSPS) = UDP + RNA polymerase II large subunit CTD heptapeptide repeat 3-O-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-serine.


echinenone 3-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: echinenone + a reduced electron acceptor + oxygen = 3-hydroxyechinenone + an oxidized electron acceptor + H2O.


tri-n-butyltin dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: tri-n-butyltin + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + beta-hydroxybutyldibutyltin.


name: 16S rRNA (guanine(1516)-N(2))-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanosine(1516) in 16S rRNA = N(2)-methylguanosine(1516) in 16S rRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


membrane grommet activity

description: An activity in which a protein, or group of proteins, acts to restrict the size of a fenestration in a membrane or membrane system (i.e. restrict the diameter of a hole in a membrane). An example of this is the molecular function is performed by ESCRT-III proteins at the nuclear envelope of fission yeast during anaphase B.


phytyl-P kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: phytyl phosphate(2-) + a nucleoside triphosphate = (E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl diphosphate + a nucleoside diphosphate.


name: regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in phenotypic switching

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell morphogenesis contributing a phenotypic switch. Cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation is the change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when relatively unspecialized cells, such as the opaque cells of C. albicans, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history.


cement gland development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cement gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cement gland is a simple mucus-secreting organ positioned at the anterior of amphibious embryos. The cement gland attaches the newly hatched embryo to a support before the hatchling can swim well or feed.


small molecule catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of small molecules, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule.


name: regulation of interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway.


camalexin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of camalexin, an indole phytoalexin.


plasma membrane raft localization

description: Any process in which plasma membrane rafts are transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


mercury (II) reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + Hg + NADP+ = Hg2+ + NADPH.


dAMP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dAMP, deoxyadenosine monophosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate).


name: positive regulation of aggregate size involved in sorocarp development

description: Any process that increases the size of the aggregate formed during sorocarp formation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-methyl-beta-alanine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + N,N-dimethyl-beta-alanine + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + UDP-D-galactose = 1,2-diacyl-3-beta-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerol + H+ + UDP.


mammary gland cord formation

description: The process in which the mammary gland cord forms by elongation of the mammary bud. The cord is formed once the elongating bud breaks through the mesenchyme and reaches the fat pad.


name: positive regulation of muscle filament sliding

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle filament sliding.


name: polarity specification of adaxial/abaxial axis

description: The process resulting in the establishment of polarity along the adaxial/abaxial axis. Adaxial refers to being situated toward an axis of an anatomical structure. Abaxial refers to being situated away from an axis of an anatomical structure.


name: natural killer cell progenitor differentiation

description: The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a natural killer cell progenitor.


synaptic transmission, serotonergic

description: The vesicular release of serotonin from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of serotonin receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.


regulation of endocrine process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an endocrine process, a process involving the secretion of or response to endocrine hormones. An endocrine hormone is a hormone released into the circulatory system.


name: (deoxy)nucleoside phosphate kinase activity, dTTP as phosphate donor

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-phosphate + dTTP = a 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate + dTDP.


name: positive regulation of methanofuran biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of methanofuran biosynthetic process.


cellular response to beta-carotene

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a beta-carotene stimulus.


name: positive regulation of ribosomal subunit export from nucleus

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal subunit export from nucleus.


name: 2,3-dihydroxydiphenyl ether dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxydiphenyl ether + O2 + H2O = 2-hydroxymuconate + phenol.


regulation of lymphocyte anergy

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte anergy.


pteridine reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + 2 NADP+ = biopterin + 2 H+ + 2 NADPH.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin 4'-O-glucoside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) = quercetin 3,4'-O-diglucoside + UDP(3-).


name: 1,1,1-trichloroethane reductive dehalogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1,1-trichloroethane + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 1,1-dichloroethane + HCl.


oscillatory cAMP signaling

description: Fluctuation in the extracellular cAMP levels due to the alternate activation of adenylate cyclase, which produces cAMP, and phosphodiesterase, which degrades it. Occurs in Dictyostelium during early sorocarp development. Oscillation in signaling result is directional chemotaxis of cells towards the center of the aggregate.


RNA guanosine-uridine insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of an guanosine-uridine insertion dinucleotide.


inner stripe development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner stripe over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The inner stripe is a deep, centrally located portion of the renal outer medulla and is traversed by thin descending and thick ascending portions of the loops of Henle.


name: follicular fluid formation in ovarian follicle antrum

description: The menstrual cycle process that results in the formation of one central cavity separating the oocyte/cumulus complex from mural granulosa and theca cells during the various stages of oogenesis.


lipoxin B4 metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoxin B4. Lipoxin B4 is a C20 hydroxy fatty acid having (5S)-, (14R)- and (15S)-hydroxy groups as well as (6E)- (8Z)-, (10E)- and (12E)-double bonds.


name: anterior/posterior pattern specification involved in pronephros development

description: The developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the pronephros along the anterior/posterior axis to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate.


regulation of proline transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of proline transport.


L-aspartate oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-aspartate + O2 = iminosuccinate + hydrogen peroxide.


name: sulfathiazole transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of sulfathiazole from one side of a membrane to the other. Sulfathiazole is an antibacterial agent of the sulfonamide group.


name: positive regulation of compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process.


response to cyclodiene

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyclodiene stimulus. A cyclodiene is any organic insecticide (as dieldrin or chlordane) with a chlorinated methylene group forming a bridge across a 6-membered carbon ring.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-3-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)glutaryl-CoA = 3-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)pent-2-enedioyl-CoA + H2O.


isoprenoid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues.


ent-isokaurene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-isokaurene + diphosphate.


name: proteolysis associated with antigen processing and presentation

description: The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein contributing to antigen processing and presentation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: propionyl-CoA + glyoxylate = L-erythro-3-methylmalyl-CoA.


peritoneum development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a peritoneum over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


cichorine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cichorine, a secondary metabolite found in some species of fungi.


taste bud formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the taste bud from unspecified parts. The taste bud is a specialized area of the tongue that contains taste receptors.


response to nitrate starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of nitrate.


vestibular receptor cell morphogenesis

description: Any process that alters the size or shape of a vestibular receptor cell.


name: indole-containing compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of compounds that contain an indole (2,3-benzopyrrole) skeleton.


name: regulation of plant-type cell wall cellulose catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of plant-type cell wall cellulose catabolic process.


alcohol oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a primary alcohol + O2 = an aldehyde + H2O2.


name: high-affinity fructose transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of fructose from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


facioacoustic ganglion morphogenesis

description: The developmental process by which an acoustico-facial VII-VIII ganglion complex is generated and organized.


orcinol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving orcinol (5-methyl-1,3-benzenediol), an aromatic compound derived from the fermentation of lichen, and synthesized, probably as a fungicide, by some higher plants.


aflatoxin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aflatoxin, a fungal metabolite found as a contaminant in moldy grains that induces liver cancer. Aflatoxin induces a G to T transversion at codon 249 of p53, leading to its inactivation. Aflatoxin is converted to a chemical carcinogen by P450.


protein deglutathionylation

description: The protein modification process in which a glutathione molecule is removed from a protein amino acid by breaking a disulfide linkage.


2-coumarate reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate + NAD+ = trans-2-coumarate + H+ + NADH.


name: pentacyclic triterpenoid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 5 carbon rings.


L-lysine catabolic process to acetate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine into other compounds, including acetate.


response to phylloquinone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phylloquinone (vitamin K1) stimulus.


name: peptidyl-S-geranylgeranyl-L-cysteine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-cysteine

description: The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-geranylgeranylcysteine; formation of S-geranylgeranyl-L-cysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CAAX motif and methyl esterification of the geranylgeranylated cysteine; methyl esterification but not cleavage occurs for the CXC motif. For the type II geranylgeranyltransferase the residue may be found at the first and final positions in the sequence motif C-X-C* or at the final position in the sequence motif C-C*. These motifs are necessary but not sufficient for modification.


name: aldose-6-phosphate reductase (NADPH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucitol 6-phosphate + NADP+ = D-glucose 6-phosphate + H+ + NADPH.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, the compounds most commonly designated lecithin.


name: positive regulation of cellular response to alcohol

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to alcohol.


myrcene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate = diphosphate + myrcene.


name: regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation involved in phenotypic switching.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-glutamate + H2O + O2 = 2-oxoglutarate + NH3 + H2O2, and D-aspartate + H2O + O2 = oxaloacetate + NH3 + H2O2.


D-glutaminase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + L-glutamine = NH3 + D-glutamate.


name: symbiont-mediated evasion of recognition by host complement

description: A process by which a symbiont avoids the effects of recognition by host  complement by altering molecules on the symbiont surface. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: molybdenum incorporation via L-selenocysteinyl molybdenum bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide)

description: The incorporation of molybdenum into a protein via L-selenocysteinyl molybdenum bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide).


dUDP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dUDP, deoxyuridine (5'-)diphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-2,4-diaminobutyrate + pyruvate = L-alanine + L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde.


response to L-dopa

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-dopa stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: glucomannan(n) + GDP-mannose = glucomannan(n+1) + GDP.


pollen adhesion

description: The process in which pollen deposited on the stigma adheres to cells of the stigma.


name: response to phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate stimulus.


nephric duct development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a nephric duct over time, from its initial formation to a mature structure. A nephric duct is a tube that drains a primitive kidney.


name: regulation of rhamnose catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose.


name: regulation of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to heat

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to heat.


name: regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells.


name: sulfate assimilation, phosphoadenylyl sulfate reduction by phosphoadenylyl-sulfate reductase (thioredoxin)

description: The pathway by which inorganic sulfate is processed and incorporated into sulfated compounds, where the phosphoadenylyl sulfate reduction step is catalyzed by the enzyme phosphoadenylyl-sulfate reductase (thioredoxin) (EC:1.8.4.8).


name: negative regulation of embryonic pattern specification

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of embryonic pattern specification.


name: prostaglandin production involved in inflammatory response

description: The synthesis or release of any prostaglandin following a stimulus as part of an inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (1->6)-alpha-D-mannosyloligosaccharide + beta-D-mannosylphosphodecaprenol = (1->6)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-mannosyl-oligosaccharide + decaprenol phosphate.


regulation of oligopeptide transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of oligopeptides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages.


name: green leaf volatile biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of volatile molecules emitted from green plants, such as hexenal, hexenol and hexenyl acetate, from linoleic acid or linolenic acid.


2-methylguanosine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-methylguanosine.


phenylacetaldehyde synthase activity

description: Catalyzes the reaction: L-phenylalanine + O2 + H2O -> phenylacetaldehyde + ammonia + hydrogen peroxide + CO2.


protoperithecium formation

description: The process of producing fruiting body precursors, called protoperithecia. Protoperitheicium is a spherical structure that is formed in the sexual phase of ascomycetous fungi such as Neurospora crassa and Sordaria macrospora. Protoperithecium is formed by the enveloping of ascogonia cells by sterile hyphae and it develops into perithecium.


name: regulation of dense core granule transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of dense core granule transport.


name: molybdenum incorporation via L-cysteinyl molybdopterin

description: The incorporation of molybdenum into a protein via L-cysteinyl molybdopterin.


UDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-glucose = H2O + UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine + H2O = N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + L-asparagine.


name: trihydroxyferuloyl spermidine:S-adenosyl-L-methionine O-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the oxygen atom of a trihydroxyferuloyl spermidine molecule.


beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a galactose residue from a donor molecule to an oligosaccharide, forming a beta-1,3-linkage.


histoblast morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures derived from the histoblast disc are generated and organized. This includes the transformation of histoblast cells into adult structures during pupal metamorphosis. Histoblast cells are cells founded in the embryo that are the progenitors to the adult abdomen.


anaerobic respiration

description: The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which uses compounds other than oxygen (e.g. nitrate, sulfate) as the terminal electron acceptor.


mono-butyltin dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: butyltin + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + beta-hydroxybutyltin.


name: positive regulation of erythrocyte clearance

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of erythrocyte clearance.


renal system pattern specification

description: Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate into the anatomical structures of the renal system.


2,3-dimethylmalate lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (2R,3S)-2,3-dimethylmalate = propanoate + pyruvate.


name: lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate, dehydrogenase pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine, via the intermediate diaminopimelate; in this pathway tetrahydrodipicolinate is converted to meso-diaminopimelate in a single enzymatic step.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)+ + L-serine = nicotinamide + N2-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-serine.


name: negative regulation of pole plasm oskar mRNA localization

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which oskar mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm.


name: positive regulation of maltohexaose transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of maltohexaose transport.


name: regulation of mitotic telomere tethering at nuclear periphery

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic telomere tethering at nuclear periphery.


fibroblast chemotaxis

description: The directed movement of a fibroblast guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).


tRNA wobble base modification

description: The process in which the nucleotide at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified.


flavin-dependent halogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: R-CH + a halogen + FADH2 + O2 = R-C-halogen + FAD + H2O.


name: positive regulation of lactation by mesenchymal-epithelial cell signaling

description: The process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of lactation as a result of the secretion of a signal from the mammary fat and its reception by a mammary epithelial cell.


name: positive regulation of SREBP signaling pathway in response to decreased oxygen levels

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the SREBP signaling pathway in response to a decrease in oxygen levels.


name: delamination involved in gastrulation with mouth forming second

description: The splitting or migration of one epithelial sheet into two involved in the process of deuterostomic gastrulation.


procyclogenesis

description: The morphological, biochemical and genetic changes that induce the differentiation of bloodstream form trypomastigotes into procyclic trypomastigotes in some of the Trypanosomatidae species such as Trypanosoma brucei. This process occurs inside the midgut of the tsetse fly vectors in T. brucei.


name: fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in spinal cord anterior/posterior pattern formation

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands that results in the spatial identity of regions along the anterior-posterior axis of the spinal cord.


name: cytochrome P450 dependent beta-amyrin 12,13beta-epoxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: beta-amyrin + O2 + H+ + NAD(P)H = 12,13beta-epoxy-beta-amyrin + H2O + NAD(P).


name: positive regulation of sensory perception of bitter taste

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of bitter taste.


mannosamine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannosomine, 2-amino-2-deoxymannose; the D-isomer is a constituent of neuraminic acids as well as mucolipids and mucoproteins.


acetylornithine deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N2-acetyl-L-ornithine + H2O = acetate + L-ornithine.


name: small RNA binding translational repressor activity

description: A translational repressor activity that binds to a single-stranded small regulatory RNA (either a miRNA or a siRNA) to guide it to its target mRNA.


name: wobble position uridine ribose methylation

description: The process in which the ribose of uridine at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally methylated at the 2'-O position.


histone H2A methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a histone H2 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a methylated histone H2A. Histone methylation generally occurs on either an arginine or a lysine residue.


N-glutamylanilide hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N5-phenyl-L-glutamine + H2O = L-glutamate + aniline + H+.


name: kaempferol O-glucoside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of O-glucosylated derivatives of kaempferol.


renal capsule morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the renal capsule are generated and organized. The renal capsule is the tough fibrous layer surrounding the kidney, covered in a thick layer of perinephric adipose tissue. It provides some protection from trauma and damage. During development, it comprises a single layer of flattened cells that lie just above the cortical stroma and the condensed mesenchyme of the nephrogenic zone. It is in this region that the early stages of nephron induction and formation of new generations ureteric bud branches occur, as the kidney expands.


lobar bronchus mesenchyme development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lobar bronchus mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the lobar bronchus mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. The lobar bronchus mesenchyme is the mass of tissue composed of mesenchymal cells in the lobar bronchus.


(25S)-Delta(7)-dafachronate binding

description: Binding to (25S)-Delta(7)-dafachronate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxo-7-methylthioheptanoate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = H+ + 2-(5'-methylthio)pentylmalate + coenzyme A.


name: regulation of DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity.


NAD+ synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + deamido-NAD+ + NH3 = AMP + diphosphate + NAD+.


name: negative regulation of response to acetate

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to acetate.


stomatal complex development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stomatal complex over time from its formation to the mature structure. The stomatal complex is the stomatal guard cells and their associated epidermal cells.


antisense RNA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving antisense RNA, an RNA molecule complementary in sequence to another RNA or DNA molecule, which, by binding the latter, acts to inhibit its function and/or completion of synthesis.


name: menaquinone-dependent protoporphyrinogen oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: protoporphyrinogen IX + menaquinone = protoporphyrin IX + reduced menaquinone.


olfactory nerve structural organization

description: The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the oculomotor nerve. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The olfactory nerve is a collection of sensory nerve rootlets that extend down from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory mucosa of the upper parts of the nasal cavity. This nerve conducts odor information to the brainstem.


name: regulation of retinal cone cell fate specification

description: Any process that mediates the specification of a cell into a retinal cone cell.


monocarboxylic acid binding

description: Binding to a monocarboxylic acid, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (COOH) group or anion (COO-).


tergite morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the tergite are generated and organized. The tergite is the primary plate or sclerite forming the dorsal surface of any insect body segment.


host bacteroid-containing symbiosome

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A symbiosome containing any of various structurally modified bacteria, such as those occurring on the root nodules of leguminous plants, of a host cell.


APC-tubulin-IQGAP1 complex

description: A protein complex that contains the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), alpha-tubulin, gamma-tubulin, and the Rac1 and Cdc42 effector IQGAP1; may play a role in cytoskeleton organization.


simple sieve plate

description: A sieve plate that contains a single specialized sieve area.


sieve plate

description: A part of the cell wall of a sieve tube member that bears one or more highly specialized sieve areas.


compound sieve plate

description: A sieve plate that contains several specialized sieve areas in either a scalariform or reticulate arrangement.


Cdc48p-Npl4p-Vms1p AAA ATPase complex

description: A multiprotein ATPase complex involved in the release of polyubiquitinated proteins, including those damaged by oxidative stress, from the outer mitochondria membrane into the cytoplasm where they are presented to the proteasome for proteolysis, a process also referred to as mitochondria-associated degradation (MAD). In budding yeast, this complex includes Cdc48p, Npl4p and Vms1p.


Sad1-Kms1 LINC complex

description: A LINC complex implicated in the connection of DNA double strand breaks to the cytoskeleton during DNA double-strand break repair.


interleukin-15 receptor complex

description: A protein complex that binds interleukin-15 (IL-15) and that consists of, at a minimum, an interleukin, an alpha, beta and gamma chain as well as optional additional kinase subunits. The alpha chain is unique to binds IL-15 while it shares the beta chain with the IL-2 receptor and the cytokine receptor common gamma chain with multiple interleukin receptors.


name: alpha-D-ribose 1-methylphosphonate 5-triphosphate synthase complex

description: A catalytic protein complex that is capable of alpha-D-ribose 1-methylphosphonate 5-triphosphate synthase activity.


cytoproct

description: Stable, specialized structure for extrusion of waste by the cell into the surrounding medium.


activin complex

description: A nonsteroidal regulator, composed of two covalently linked inhibin beta subunits, inhibin beta-A and inhibin beta-B (sometimes known as activin beta or activin/inhibin beta). There are three forms of activin complex, activin A, which is composed of 2 inhibin beta-A subunits, activin B, which is composed of 2 inhibin beta-B subunits, and activin AB, which is composed of an inhibin beta-A and an inhibin beta-B subunit.


activin AB complex

description: A nonsteroidal regulator, composed of two covalently linked inhibin beta subunits (sometimes known as activin beta or activin/inhibin beta), inhibin beta-A and inhibin beta-B.


activin B complex

description: A nonsteroidal regulator, composed of two covalently linked inhibin beta-B subunits (sometimes known as activin beta-B or activin/inhibin beta-B).


name: alphaV-beta3 integrin-tissue transglutaminase complex

description: A protein complex that consists of an alphaV-beta3 integrin complex bound to tissue transglutaminase.


name: endoplasmic reticulum-vacuole membrane contact site

description: A zone of apposition between endoplasmic-reticulum and lytic vacuole membranes, structured by bridging complexes.


name: vacuole-mitochondrion membrane contact site

description: A zone of apposition between the vacuolar membrane and the mitochondrial outer membrane, important for transfer of lipids between the two organelles.


name: mitochondrial inner-outer membrane contact site

description: Sites of close apposition of the inner and outer mitochondrial membrane.


Z granule

description: A small cytoplasmic, non-membranous RNA/protein complex aggregate in the primordial germ cells that are distinct from, but colocalize with or are adjacent to, P granules and mutator foci and are associated with RNA metabolism. Z granules have been observed in C. elegans.


Yb body

description: A cytoplasmic part that appears as an electron-dense sphere of around 1.5 micron diameter containing Yb protein found in somatic cells of ovary and testis. There are one to two Yb bodies per cell.


TIS granule

description: A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm that is formed by the RNA-binding protein TIS11B and RNA molecules, enriched in membrane protein-encoding mRNAs with multiple AU-rich elements. TIS granules are reticular meshworks intertwined with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).


GW body

description: A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. GW-bodies minimally contain the Argonaute2 (Ago2) and TNRC6B proteins, together with specific target RNAs.


RNP body

description: A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm of bacteria, minimally containing the RNase E protein and RNA molecules. Bacterial RNP-bodies are similar to eukaryotic P-bodies and stress granules.


name: cytoplasmic DNA replication factor C complex

description: A cytoplasmic complex of two polypeptides that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase. Examples of this component are found in prokaryotic species.


name: nuclear DNA replication factor C complex

description: A nuclear complex of five polypeptides that loads the DNA polymerase processivity factor proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) onto DNA, thereby permitting processive DNA synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase delta or epsilon. In Saccharomyces and several other species, the subunits are known as Rfc1p-Rfc5p, although subunit names do not necessarily correspond between different species.


name: DNA polymerase III, beta sliding clamp processivity factor complex

description: A subcomplex of the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme which is responsible for tethering the catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase to DNA during high-speed replication. The complex is homodimeric in prokaryotes, and homotrimeric in other species.


HU-DNA complex

description: A protein-DNA complex that consists of HU heterodimers (an alpha and a beta chain) assembled into octamers along DNA. HU binds to double-stranded DNA in a structure- and sequence-specific manner and bends the DNA into a nucleosome-like structure.


DNA bending complex

description: A protein-DNA complex that contains DNA in combination with a protein which binds to and bends DNA. Often plays a role in DNA compaction.


H-NS complex

description: A multimer of H-NS proteins that is involved in bacterial nucleoid condensation and negative regulation of global gene expression by directly binding to promoter regions. Recognizes both structural and sequence-specific motifs in double-stranded DNA and has binding preference for bent DNA.


IHF-DNA complex

description: A protein-DNA complex containing IHF heterodimers (an alpha and a beta chain) bound to DNA. IHF binds to double-stranded DNA in a structure- and sequence-specific manner and bends the DNA into a nucleosome-like structure, the bacterial nucleoid.


viral occlusion body

description: A crystalline protein matrix surrounding the nucleocapsids of some insect viruses after their release in the environment. Produced in the host cell, the occlusion body protects the infectious virion after death of the host.


name: extrinsic component of intraperoxisomal membrane

description: The component of the intraperoxisomal membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: extrinsic component of postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane

description: The component of the postsynaptic recycling endosome membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: extrinsic component of nuclear outer membrane

description: The component of a nuclear outer membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: extrinsic component of plastid thylakoid membrane

description: The component of a plastid thylakoid membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


extrinsic component of plastid membrane

description: The component of a plastid membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: extrinsic component of stromal side of plastid thylakoid membrane

description: The component of a plastid thylakoid membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to its stromal surface, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: extrinsic component of plastid inner membrane

description: The component of a plastid inner membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: extrinsic component of presynaptic endosome membrane

description: The component of the presynaptic endosome membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: extrinsic component of mitochondrial outer membrane

description: The component of a mitochondrial outer membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: extrinsic component of postsynaptic endosome membrane

description: The component of the postsynaptic endosome membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


extrinsic component of Golgi membrane

description: The component of a Golgi membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: extrinsic component of lumenal side of plastid thylakoid membrane

description: The component of a plastid thylakoid membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to its lumenal surface, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: extrinsic component of stromal side of plastid inner membrane

description: The component of a plastid inner membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to its stromal surface, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: extrinsic component of matrix side of mitochondrial inner membrane

description: The component of the matrix side of the mitochondrial inner membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: extrinsic component of dense core granule membrane

description: The component of the dense core granule membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.


name: dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase Pmt1p-Pmt2p dimer complex

description: A protein dimer complex that possesses dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity and, in S. cerevisiae, is composed of Pmt1p-Pmt2p.


description: The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the longitudinal sarcoplasmic reticulum envelope. The longitudinal sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen is continuous with the lumen contained within the terminal cisternae.


bacterial-type flagellum

description: A motor complex composed of an extracellular helical protein filament coupled to a rotary motor embedded in the cell envelope.


periplasmic flagellum

description: Flagellar filaments located in the periplasmic space; characterized in spirochetes, in which they are essential for shape and motility. Composed of a core surrounded by two sheath layers, the flagella rotate to allow migration of the cell through viscous media, which would not be possible using external flagella.


chromoplast outer membrane

description: The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the chromoplast envelope.


viral factory

description: An intracellular compartment in a host cell which increases the efficiency of viral replication, and shields the virus from host defenses. Viral factories can be either cytoplasmic or nuclear and often arise from extensive rearrangement of host cell cytoskeletal and/or cell membrane compartments.


double membrane vesicle viral factory

description: A cytoplasmic viral factory that consists of a double-membrane bound vesicle. Has a diameter of 200-300nm and is derived from the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi apparatus. Produced by Picornaviridae, Nidovirales, Arteriviridae and Coronaviridae.


tube viral factory

description: A cytoplasmic viral factory derived from the Golgi in which Bunyaviridae replication takes place. Tubes are membranous structures close to the assembly and budding sites, and their function may be to connect viral replication and morphogenesis inside viral factories.


viroplasm viral factory

description: A cytoplasmic viral factory that is electron dense due to high levels of viral RNA. Produced by nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses (NCLDV) like Poxviridae, Asfarviridae and Iridoviridae, and dsRNA viruses like Reoviridae.


host cell viral assembly compartment

description: A membrane-bounded compartment that forms in the cytoplasm of the host cell, in which virus assembly takes place.


spherule viral factory

description: A cytoplasmic viral factory which is a 50-400nm diameter membrane invagination. Spherules can appear on several enveloped cellular components depending on the virus.


cytoplasmic viral factory

description: A viral factory located in the cytoplasm of a host cell.


name: phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase complex

description: Includes phosphoenolpyruvate-protein phosphatase (enzyme I of the phosphotransferase system) and protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-sugar phosphotransferase (enzyme II of the phosphotransferase system).


axon microtubule bundle

description: An arrangement of closely apposed microtubules running parallel to each other in the axon hillock and initial segment.


dynamic microtubule bundle

description: A microtubule bundle that undergoes changes in length, and in which microtubule sliding takes place.


static microtubule bundle

description: A microtubule bundle that has a constant length, and in which microtubule sliding does not take place.


mitochondrial [4Fe-4S] assembly complex

description: A protein complex capable of condensing two 2Fe-2S clusters into one 4Fe-4S center in mitochondria. In S. cerevisiae, it consists of Isa1 and Isa2. In humans it consists of ISCA1 and ISCA2. Additional proteins may be present.


IscS-IscU complex

description: A heterotetrameric protein complex involved in the sulfur transfer during iron-sulfur cluster assembly and in the modification of tRNA wobble positions. In E. coli it consists of a central IscS dimer with the IscU protomers attached to one of the IscS units each via a disulfide (-SSH) group.


name: cytosolic [4Fe-4S] assembly scaffold complex

description: A heterotetrameric complex with weak ATPase activity that is capable of scaffolding a 4Fe-4S (iron-sulfur) cluster. In yeast, the subunits are Nbp35 and Cfd1. In humans, the subunits are NUBP1 and NUBP2.


peri-centrosomal recycling endosome

description: A recycling endosome that is organized around the microtubule organizing center, close to the nucleus. This is the main recycling endosome of most cells. It receives input from the Golgi as well as recycled molecules from early endosomes.


description: A protein complex that consists of fibronectin bound to tissue transglutaminase, and is involved in cell adhesion.


repressor ecdysone receptor complex

description: A protein complex consisting of a heterodimer of Ecdysone receptor (EcR) and ultraspiracle (usp) plus an associated corepressor such as SMRTER, which represses transcription of target genes.


cellular bud tip polarisome

description: Protein complex that has a role in determining cell polarity, found at the tip of a growing fungal bud.


mineralized avascular GAG-rich matrix

category: biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Avascular GAG-rich matrix that is mineralized.


avascular GAG-rich matrix

description: Proteinaceous extracellular matrix that is avascular and consists primarily of glycosaminoglycans.


name: non-mineralized avascular GAG-rich matrix

description: Avascular GAG-rich matrix that is not mineralized.


icosahedral viral capsid, collar fiber

description: A fiber attached to the collar structure of some icosahedral viral capsids.


BLOC complex

description: Any of several protein complexes required for the biogenesis of specialized organelles of the endosomal-lysosomal system, such as melanosomes, platelet dense granules, and other related organelles; acronym for biogenesis of lysosomal-related organelles complex.


serine-tRNA ligase complex

description: A heterodimeric enzyme complex that catalyzes the ligation of serine to tRNA(Ser), forming L-seryl-tRNA(Ser).


Ycf2/FtsHi complex

description: A protein complex located in the chloroplast inner membrane and facing the stroma that is associated with the chloroplast inner membrane translocase complex and provides the ATPase motor activity to drive import of proteins into the chloroplast stroma.


name: lumenal side of smooth endoplasmic reticulum membrane

description: The side (leaflet) of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum membrane that faces the lumen.


name: lumenal side of rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane

description: The side (leaflet) of the rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane that faces the lumen.


name: plasma membrane proton-transporting ATP synthase, stator stalk

description: One of two stalks that connect the catalytic core of the hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase to the plasma membrane-associated F0 proteins; is thought to prevent futile rotation of the catalytic core. Examples of this component are found in Bacterial species.


name: proton-transporting ATP synthase, stator stalk

description: One of two stalks that connect the catalytic core of the hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase to the membrane-associated Fo proteins; is thought to prevent futile rotation of the catalytic core.


rhabdomere membrane

description: The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding the rhabdomere.


Tle3-Aes complex

description: A transcriptional repressor complex that consists of a heterodimer of the proteins Tle3 (also known as Grg3b) and Aes (Grg5), which are homologs of the Drosophila groucho gene product.


name: Cyc8(Ssn6)-Tup1 general repressor complex

description: A corepressor complex containing the WD-repeat protein Tup1p (S. cerevisiae) and Tup11/Tup12 (fission yeast) and the TPR repeat protein Cyc8p (S. cerevisiae) ssn6 (fission yeast) that is recruited to target genes by DNA-bound repressor proteins preferentially at regions where histones are deacetylated by the Clr6 class I HDAC, and recruits the SWI/SNF and SAGA complexes to promoters.


Mad-Max-mSin3A complex

description: A transcriptional repressor complex that contains a heterodimer of the bHLH-ZIP proteins Mad and Max, plus mSin3A, a homolog of the yeast Sin3p.


name: collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle extracellular matrix

description: A collagen and cuticulin-based noncellular, multilayered structure that is synthesized by an underlying ectodermal (hypodermal) cell layer. The cuticle serves essential functions in body morphology, locomotion, and environmental protection. An example of this component is found in Caenorhabditis elegans.


chitin-based extracellular matrix

description: Any constituent part of a chitin-based noncellular, hardened, or membranous extracellular matrix secreted from the apical surface of an epithelial sheet.


fertilization envelope

description: A structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the egg. The fertilization envelope forms from the vitelline membrane after fertilization as a result of cortical granule release.


hyaline layer

description: A multilayered extraembryonic matrix that functions as a substrate for cell adhesion through early development. It is thought to protect and lubricate the embryo, stabilize the blastomeres during morphogenesis, and regulate nutrient intake. The major constituent of the hyaline layer is the protein hyalin. This matrix has been found in echinoderms.


fungal biofilm matrix

description: An extracellular matrix lying external to fungal cells. The fungal biofilm matrix consists of polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Fungal biofilms mediate adherence to host tissues, and provide protection from host immune defenses.


biofilm matrix

description: A structure lying external to microbial cells. A biofilm is an aggregate of surface-associated cells, and the biofilm matrix is the envelope of polymeric substances that surrounds the cells.


bacterial biofilm matrix

description: A structure lying external to bacterial cells. A biofilm is an aggregate of surface-associated bacteria, and the biofilm matrix is the envelope of polymeric substances that surrounds the bacteria.


organomineral extracellular matrix

description: An extracellular matrix consisting of a densely packed organomineral assembly in which the mineral phase represents the majority of the material by weight.


synapse-associated extracellular matrix

description: The extracellular matrix of the perisynaptic space (the extracellular space adjacent to the synapse) and the synaptic cleft.


pollen coat

description: A layer of extracellular matrix deposited onto the surface of the pollen wall upon disintegration of the tapetal layer of the anther wall in the late stages of pollen development. The composition of this material is highly heterogeneous and includes waxes, lipid droplets, small aromatic molecules, and proteins. The pollen coat is proposed to have many functions, such as holding pollen in the anther until dispersal, facilitation of pollen dispersal, protection of pollen from water loss and UV radiation, and facilitation of adhesion of pollen to the stigma.


mineralized extracellular matrix

description: Extracellular matrix that is mineralized.


vitelline envelope

description: A glycoprotein-based structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the egg before fertilization.


adhesive extracellular matrix

description: A extracellular matrix which attaches an organism to a substrate.


ATG2-ATG18 complex

description: A protein complex essential for autophagy during nutrient deprivation, a catabolic process that sequesters undesired cellular material into autophagosomes for delivery to lysosomes for degradation. Contributes to nutrition homeostasis and damage control in eukaryotic cells. Functions at a late step of autophagosome formation for efficient completion of sequestration, probably through facilitating recruitment of ATG8-phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to the preautophagosomal structure (PAS) and/or its protection from deconjugation by ATG4. Composed of ATG2 and ATG18 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


Schwann cell microvillus

description: Small finger-like extension of a Schwann cell that contacts the nodal membrane.


inner dense plaque of desmosome

description: The desmosomal part containing the C-termini of desmoplakins which interact with the keratin intermediate filaments, serving to tether the intermediate filaments to the plasma membrane.


post-lysosomal vacuole

description: A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle formed late in the endocytic pathway when the pH in the vacuole becomes neutral prior to exocytosis.


piccolo-bassoon transport vesicle

description: A cytoplasmic dense-core vesicle that transports a range of proteins including piccolo, bassoon, N-cadherin and syntaxin. The transported proteins may be associated with the external side of the vesicle, rather than being contained within the vesicle, therefore forming an aggregate of vesicle and proteins. Piccolo-bassoon transport vesicles (or PTVs) range in size from approximately 80 nm in diameter for dense core vesicles to 130 nm by 220 nm in area for aggregates. They are packaged via the trans-Golgi network before being transported through the axon.


merozoite dense granule

description: Electron-dense organelle with a granular internal matrix found throughout the merozoite life cycle stage of apicomplexan parasites; contains proteins destined to be secreted into the parasitophorous vacuole following parasite invasion of a host cell.


chloroplast vesicle

description: A intracellular vesicle that is part of a chloroplast.


virion transport vesicle

description: A vesicle used to transport the partial or complete virion between cellular compartments.


bacteroid-containing symbiosome

description: A symbiosome containing any of various structurally modified bacteria, such as those occurring on the root nodules of leguminous plants.


food vacuole

description: Vacuole within a parasite used for digestion of the host cell cytoplasm. An example of this component is found in the Apicomplexa.


name: synaptic vesicle, readily releasable pool

description: A synaptic vesicle belonging to the pool of vesicles that are the first to be released as a result of chemical or electrical stimulation e.g. by an action potential, have the highest presynaptic membrane fusion probability and correspond to about 1% of the total number of synaptic vesicles at a resting terminal bouton.


description: A cytoplasmic vesicle composed of both tubulovesicular and clear core vesicles that transport synaptic vesicle-associated proteins. Proteins carried by synaptic vesicle protein transport vesicles (STVs) include synaptophysin, synapsin Ia, synaptotagmin and synaptobrevin/vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2). STVs are packaged via the trans-Golgi network before being transported through the axon.


chitosome

description: An intracellular membrane-bounded particle found in fungi and containing chitin synthase; it synthesizes chitin microfibrils. Chitin synthase activity exists in chitosomes and they are proposed to act as a reservoir for regulated transport of chitin synthase enzymes to the division septum.


name: COPI-coated inter-Golgi transport vesicle

description: A vesicle that mediates transport of cargo within the Golgi complex (for example, between cisternae of the Golgi stack).


name: clathrin-sculpted gamma-aminobutyric acid transport vesicle

description: A clathrin-sculpted lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicle after clathrin release and containing gamma-aminobutyric acid transport vesicle.


leucosome

description: A tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which uric acid and/or purines crystalize in reflective stacks. Leucosomes are synthesized in leucophore cells and have a whitish cast.


pigment granule

description: A small, subcellular membrane-bounded vesicle containing pigment and/or pigment precursor molecules. Pigment granule biogenesis is poorly understood, as pigment granules are derived from multiple sources including the endoplasmic reticulum, coated vesicles, lysosomes, and endosomes.


carotenoid vesicle

description: A tissue-specific cytoplasmic vesicle surrounded by a membrane half-leaflet within which carotenoid pigments are stored. Carotenoid vesicles are synthesized in xanthophores and erythrophore cells and are yellow, orange or red in appearance.


pexophagosome

description: A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle involved in the degradation of peroxisome by macropexophagy.


mucocyst

description: A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, in the pellicle of ciliate protozoans that discharges a mucus-like secretion.


gut granule

description: A lysosome-related organelle contained within the intestinal cells of the nematode C. elegans. Gut granules are acidified, birefringent, autofluorescent, and contain the vacuolar H+-ATPase. They also serve as sites of cellular zinc storage.


pinosome

description: A membrane-bounded, uncoated intracellular vesicle formed by the process of pinocytosis.


clathrin-sculpted vesicle

description: A clathrin-sculpted lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicle after clathrin release.


synaptic vesicle, recycling pool

description: A synaptic vesicle belonging to the pool that repopulate vacancies within the readily releasable pool (RRP) of synaptic vesicles, and require more significant stimuli than the RRP in order to release neurotransmitter; about 10-15% of the total number of synaptic vesicles at a resting terminal bouton are in this state.


neurosecretory vesicle

description: A large cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle with an electron dense granular core, up to 150-200 nm in diameter, found in neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus.


clathrin-coated phagocytic vesicle

description: A clathrin-coated, membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle that arises from the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis.


ciliary vesicle

description: A Golgi-derived vesicle to which the ciliary basal body docks via its transitional fibers. Its membrane is compositionally distinct from Golgi membranes, and will become the ciliary membrane once the ciliary vesicle is fused to the plasma membrane. The ciliary vesicle is thought to be formed by multiple smaller vesicles that attach to the transitional fibers and then fuse to form a larger vesicle.


micropinosome

description: A membrane-bounded, uncoated intracellular vesicle formed by the process of micropinocytosis.


dendritic lamellar body

description: A specialized secretory organelle found in neurons and associated with the formation of dendrodendritic gap junctions.


symbiosome

description: A double-enveloped cell compartment, composed of an endosymbiont with its plasmalemma (as inner envelope) and a non-endosymbiotic outer envelope (the perisymbiontic membrane).


contractile vacuole

description: A specialized vacuole of eukaryotic cells, especially Protozoa, that fills with water from the cytoplasm and then discharges this externally by the opening of contractile vacuole pores. One of its functions is osmoregulatory.


aleurone grain

description: A membrane-bounded storage granule found in cells of the aleurone layer in plants; contains either a protein matrix, protein-carbohydrate bodies and/or globoids. Aleurone grains are formed by the vacuole, rough endoplasmic reticulum and dictyosomes.


name: clathrin-sculpted acetylcholine transport vesicle

description: A clathrin-sculpted lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicle after clathrin release and containing acetylcholine.


Cvt vesicle

description: A cytosolic vesicle that is enclosed by a double membrane and is implicated in the cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathway. These vesicles are found in the yeast S. cerevisiae, and contain vacuolar hydrolases, aminopeptidase I (Ape1p) and alpha-mannosidase (Ams1p).


apical recycling endosome

description: Tubulo-vesicular structure located in the apical cytoplasm that participates in apical cargo recycling in polarized epithelial cells.


organellar chromatophore

description: A bacteroid-containing symbiosome in which the bacterial component is a genetically highly reduced cyanobacterium that is photosynthetically active and incapable of an independent existence outside its host. The chromatophore functions as a photosynthetic organelle, and has been found and characterized in the amoeba Paulinella chromatophora.


cyanosome

description: A tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which an unknown blue pigment is localized. Cyanosomes are synthesized in cyanophores and are blue in appearance.


amorphous vesicle

description: A cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle first described in dendrites, categorized by smooth membranes, electron-lucent interiors and irregular shapes. Sometimes occurs in clumps. Amorphous vesicles have been found to contain material taken up from the extracellular space, therefore suggesting that they may be part of the endosomal pathway.


osmiophilic body

description: A membrane-bounded vesicle found predominantly in Plasmodium female gametocytes, that becomes progressively more abundant as the gametocyte reaches full maturity. These vesicles lie beneath the subpellicular membrane of the gametocyte, and the release of their contents into the parasitophorous vacuole has been postulated to aid in the escape of gametocytes from the erythrocyte after ingestion by the mosquito.


name: clathrin-sculpted monoamine transport vesicle

description: A clathrin-sculpted lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicle after clathrin release and containing monoamines.


pterinosome

description: A tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which pteridine pigments are synthesized and stored. Pterinosomes are synthesized in xanthophores and erythrophore cells and are yellow, orange or red in appearance.


fusiform vesicle

description: A cytoplasmic vesicle which contains two urothelial plaques and can deliver these plaques to the apical plasma membrane of urothelial superficial (umbrella) cells. It can also be formed by endocytosis of apical plasma membrane during contractions of the urinary bladder.