name: sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding

description: Binding to double-stranded DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA, e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding.


placenta development

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin.


sprouting angiogenesis

description: The extension of new blood vessels from existing vessels into avascular tissues, this process includes the specialization of endothelial cells into leading tip and stalk cells, proliferation and migration of the endothelial cells and cell adhesion resulting in angiogenic sprout fusion or lumen formation.


negative regulation of cytokinesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the division of the cytoplasm of a cell, and its separation into two daughter cells.


name: positive regulation of DNA endoreduplication

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA endoreduplication.


name: cell cycle comprising mitosis without cytokinesis

description: A mitotic cell cycle in which mitosis is completed but cytokinesis does not occur, resulting in a cell containing multiple nuclei each with a chromosomal complement of the original ploidy (usually 2N).


fibroblast proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells, resulting in the expansion of the fibroblast population.


trophoblast giant cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a trophoblast giant cell of the placenta. Trophoblast giant cells are the cell of the placenta that line the maternal decidua.


name: chorionic trophoblast cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells of the ectoplacental cone acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize chorionic trophoblasts. These cells will migrate towards the spongiotrophoblast layer and give rise to syncytiotrophoblasts of the labyrinthine layer.


hepatocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a hepatocyte. A hepatocyte is specialized epithelial cell that is organized into interconnected plates called lobules, and is the main structural component of the liver.


name: UBA6_HUMAN Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 6 (sprot)

description: A ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 6 that is encoded in the genome of human.


FAT10 activating enzyme activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier FAT10, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond.


learning

description: Any process in an organism in which a relatively long-lasting adaptive behavioral change occurs as the result of experience.


locomotory behavior

description: The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli. Locomotion of a whole organism in a manner dependent upon some combination of that organism's internal state and external conditions.


amygdala development

description: The progression of the amygdala over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The amygdala is an almond-shaped set of neurons in the medial temporal lobe of the brain that play a key role in processing emotions such as fear and pleasure.


hippocampus development

description: The progression of the hippocampus over time from its initial formation until its mature state.


dendritic spine development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the dendritic spine over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dendritic spine is a protrusion from a dendrite and a specialized subcellular compartment involved in synaptic transmission.


name: ESYT2_HUMAN Extended synaptotagmin-2 (sprot)

description: An extended synaptotagmin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


calcium-dependent phospholipid binding

description: Binding to a phospholipid, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester, in the presence of calcium.


phosphatidylethanolamine binding

description: Binding to a phosphatidylethanolamine, a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine.


phosphatidylcholine binding

description: Binding to a phosphatidylcholine, a glycophospholipid in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline.


phosphatidylinositol binding

description: Binding to an inositol-containing glycerophospholipid, i.e. phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives.


cadherin binding

description: Binding to cadherin, a type I membrane protein involved in cell adhesion.


lipid transport

description: The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.


endocytosis

description: A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a part of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle.


name: endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane tethering

description: The attachment of an endoplasmic reticulum membrane to the plasma membrane via molecular tethers.


cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The leaflet the plasma membrane that faces the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface.


organelle membrane contact site

description: A zone of apposition between the membranes of an organelle with another membrane, either another membrane of the same organelle, a membrane of another organelle, or the plasma membrane. Membrane contact sites (MCSs) are structured by bridging complexes. They are specialized for communication, including the efficient traffic of small molecules such as Ca2+ ions and lipids, as well as enzyme-substrate interactions.


name: endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact site

description: A contact site between the endoplasmic reticulum membrane and the plasma membrane, structured by bridging complexes.


name: ESYT3_HUMAN Extended synaptotagmin-3 (sprot)

description: An extended synaptotagmin-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: TV382_HUMAN T cell receptor alpha variable 38-2/delta variable 8 (sprot)

description: A protein that is a translation product of the TRAV38-2DV8 gene in human.


name: TRDV2_HUMAN T cell receptor delta variable 2 (sprot)

description: A protein that is a translation product of the TRDV2 gene in human.


name: TRDV3_HUMAN T cell receptor delta variable 3 (sprot)

description: A protein that is a translation product of the TRDV3 gene in human.


name: MED19_HUMAN Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 19 (sprot)

description: A mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 19 that is encoded in the genome of human.


transcription coregulator activity

description: A transcription regulator activity that modulates the transcription of specific gene sets via binding to a DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factor, either on its own or as part of a complex. Coregulators often act by altering chromatin structure and modifications. For example, one class of transcription coregulators modifies chromatin structure through covalent modification of histones. A second class remodels the conformation of chromatin in an ATP-dependent fashion. A third class modulates interactions of DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factors with other transcription coregulators.


name: positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides, catalyzed by RNA polymerase II.


name: RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex assembly

description: The formation of a large multiprotein-DNA complex that self-assembles on gene promoter through the sequential recruitment of the general initiation factors that compose the preinitiation complex (PIC) (which may include TFIIA, TFIIB, TFIID, TFIIE, TFIIF, and TFIIH complexes). The PIC engages RNA polymerase II on its DNA template strand and sparks polymerization of the first few RNA nucleotides of the nascent transcript, of which 8 are base-paired with the DNA template within a DNA bubble. PIC assembly may result in a pause step, which marks the end of the PIC assembly and may be followed by promoter clearance (exact synonym: promoter escape). For RNA polymerase II PIC assembly is preceded by the formation of a nucleosome-free region that allows the transcription machinery to access the promoter DNA.


name: positive regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a process involved in starting transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.


core mediator complex

description: A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The core mediator complex has a stimulatory effect on basal transcription, and contains most of the same subdomains as the larger form of mediator complex -- a head domain comprising proteins known in Saccharomyces as Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; and a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p -- but lacks the regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan core mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins.


name: BLT3B_HUMAN Bridge-like lipid transfer protein family member 3B (sprot)

description: A bridge-like lipid transfer protein family member 3B that is encoded in the genome of human.


GARP complex binding

description: Binding to a GARP complex.


lipid transfer activity

description: Removes a lipid from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. This results in intermembrane transfer of lipids.


early endosome to Golgi transport

description: The directed movement of substances from early endosomes to the Golgi.


intermembrane lipid transfer

description: The transport of lipids between membranes in which a lipid molecule is transported through an aqueous phase from the outer leaflet of a donor membrane to the outer leaflet of an acceptor membrane. This process does not require metabolic energy and can be either spontaneous or mediated by lipid transfer proteins (LTPs).


early endosome

description: A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways.


name: POTB3_HUMAN POTE ankyrin domain family member B3 (sprot)

description: A protein that is a translation product of the POTEB3 gene in human.


name: IGLC7_HUMAN Immunoglobulin lambda constant 7 (sprot)

description: A protein that is a translation product of the IGLC7 gene in human.


B cell receptor signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell.


IgG immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgG isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. An IgG immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgD immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgD isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. An IgD immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgE immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgE isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. An IgE immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgA immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and sometimes complexed with J chain or J chain and secretory component. An IgA immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgM immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgM isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and in its circulating form complexed with J chain in polymeric forms. An IgM immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


SHOT1_HUMAN Shootin-1 (sprot)

A shootin-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


kinesin binding

description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently and stoichiometrically with kinesin, a member of a superfamily of microtubule-based motor proteins that perform force-generating tasks such as organelle transport and chromosome segregation.


actin filament binding

description: Binding to an actin filament, also known as F-actin, a helical filamentous polymer of globular G-actin subunits.


name: substrate-dependent cell migration, cell extension

description: The formation of a cell surface protrusion, such as a lamellipodium or filopodium, at the leading edge of a migrating cell.


Ras protein signal transduction

description: An intracellular signaling cassette in which a small monomeric GTPase of the Ras subfamily relays a signal.


axonogenesis

description: De novo generation of a long process of a neuron, including the terminal branched region. Refers to the morphogenesis or creation of shape or form of the developing axon, which carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body towards target cells.


Cdc42 protein signal transduction

description: An intracellular signaling cassette in which a small monomeric GTPase of the Cdc42 subfamily relays a signal.


netrin-activated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a netrin protein to its receptor on the surface of the target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Netrins can act as chemoattractant signals for some cells and chemorepellent signals for others. Netrins also have roles outside of cell and axon guidance.


positive regulation of axon extension

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of axon extension.


name: cytoplasmic actin-based contraction involved in cell motility

description: The actin filament-based movement by which cytoplasmic actin filaments slide past one another resulting in a contraction that propels the cell from one place to another.


endoplasmic reticulum polarization

description: The endoplasmic reticulum organization process that results in the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum being oriented in the cell. Endoplasmic reticulum polarization serves as a mechanism to compartmentalize cellular activities and to establish cell polarity.


name: actin filament bundle retrograde transport

description: A process of actin filament bundle distribution that results in the arrangement of actin filament bundles from the periphery toward the interior of the cell.


name: regulation of establishment of cell polarity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of cell polarity.


positive regulation of neuron migration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron migration.


microtubule

description: Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle.


microtubule cytoskeleton

description: The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of microtubules and associated proteins.


lamellipodium

description: A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments.


filopodium

description: Thin, stiff, actin-based protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal or dendritic growth cone, or a dendritic shaft.


axon

description: The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter.


growth cone

description: The migrating motile tip of a growing neuron projection, where actin accumulates, and the actin cytoskeleton is the most dynamic.


cell leading edge

description: The area of a motile cell closest to the direction of movement.


perikaryon

description: The portion of the cell soma (neuronal cell body) that excludes the nucleus.


axonal growth cone

description: The migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon.


perinuclear region of cytoplasm

description: Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus.


microtubule associated complex

description: Any multimeric complex connected to a microtubule.


name: DHR12_HUMAN Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 12 (sprot)

description: A dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 12 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: SC5AA_HUMAN Sodium/mannose cotransporter SLC5A10 (sprot)

description: A sodium/mannose cotransporter SLC5A10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: solute:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: solute(out) + Na+(out) = solute(in) + Na+(in).


name: mannose:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: D-mannose(out) + Na+(out) = D-mannose(in) + Na+(in).


name: fructose:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: D-fructose(out) + Na+(out) = D-fructose(in) + Na+(in).


hexose transmembrane transport

description: The process in which hexose is transported across a membrane. Hexoses are aldoses with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.


fructose transmembrane transport

description: The directed movement of fructose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fructose exists in a open chain form or as a ring compound. D-fructose is the sweetest of the sugars and is found free in a large number of fruits and honey.


mannose transmembrane transport

description: The process in which mannose is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. Mannose is the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose. The D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.


sodium ion transmembrane transport

description: A process in which a sodium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


glucose transmembrane transport

description: The process in which glucose is transported across a membrane.


apical plasma membrane

description: The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell.


extracellular exosome

description: A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm.


name: TM223_HUMAN Transmembrane protein 223 (sprot)

description: A transmembrane protein 223 that is encoded in the genome of human.


mitochondrial ribosome binding

description: Binding to a mitochondrial ribosome.


name: mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex IV (also known as cytochrome c oxidase) in the mitochondrial inner membrane.


mitochondrial inner membrane

description: The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae.


name: DAPL1_HUMAN Death-associated protein-like 1 (sprot)

description: A death-associated protein-like 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


translation repressor activity

description: Antagonizes ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide.


translation initiation factor binding

description: Binding to a translation initiation factor, any polypeptide factor involved in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation.


ribosome binding

description: Binding to a ribosome.


ribosome hibernation

description: A cellular process that results in the silencing of ribosomes in quiescent cells. Quiescence takes place when cells encounter unfavorable conditions and cease to grow in bacteria and yeast. It also takes place in some specialized cells in higher eukaryotes, such as eggs. Ribosomes in a hibernation state are kept silent via association with proteins with inhibitory and protective functions.


name: negative regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation.


name: CIB4_HUMAN Calcium and integrin-binding family member 4 (sprot)

description: A calcium and integrin-binding family member 4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: SHSA3_HUMAN Protein shisa-3 homolog (sprot)

description: A protein shisa-3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.


name: TMM82_HUMAN Transmembrane protein 82 (sprot)

description: A transmembrane protein 82 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: FEZF1_HUMAN Fez family zinc finger protein 1 (sprot)

description: A fez family zinc finger protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


axon guidance

description: The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


name: negative regulation of cell population proliferation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation.


olfactory bulb development

description: The progression of the olfactory bulb over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory bulb coordinates neuronal signaling involved in the perception of smell. It receives input from the sensory neurons and outputs to the olfactory cortex.


name: forebrain anterior/posterior pattern specification

description: The creation of specific areas of progenitor domains along the anterior-posterior axis of the developing forebrain.


cell dedifferentiation

description: The process in which a specialized cell loses the structural or functional features that characterize it in the mature organism, or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Under certain conditions, these cells can revert back to the features of the stem cells that were their ancestors.


name: positive regulation of neuron differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron differentiation.


name: positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.


regulation of neurogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the generation of cells in the nervous system.


interneuron migration

description: The orderly movement of an interneuron from one site to another.


name: GXLT2_HUMAN Glucoside xylosyltransferase 2 (sprot)

description: A glucoside xylosyltransferase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


UDP-xylosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a xylosyl group from UDP-xylose to an acceptor molecule.


description: Catalyzes the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-xylose + [protein with EGF-like domain]-3-O-(beta-D-glucosyl)-L-serine = UDP + [protein with EGF-like domain]-3-O-(alpha-D-xylosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl)-L-serine.


O-glycan processing

description: The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form a core O-glycan structure.


name: T120B_HUMAN Transmembrane protein 120B (sprot)

description: A transmembrane protein 120B that is encoded in the genome of human.


monoatomic ion channel activity

description: Enables the facilitated diffusion of a monoatomic ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. May be either selective (it enables passage of a specific ion only) or non-selective (it enables passage of two or more ions of same charge but different size).


fat cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat.


protein heterooligomerization

description: The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers that are not all identical. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer.


nuclear inner membrane

description: The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope.


name: TMM72_HUMAN Transmembrane protein 72 (sprot)

description: A transmembrane protein 72 that is encoded in the genome of human.


CLRN2_HUMAN Clarin-2 (sprot)

A clarin-2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


sensory perception of sound

description: The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound.


name: auditory receptor cell stereocilium organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a stereocilium. A stereocilium is an actin-based protrusion from the apical surface of auditory hair cells.


stereocilium maintenance

description: The organization process that preserves a stereocilium in a stable functional or structural state.


stereocilium bundle

description: A bundle of cross-linked stereocilia, arranged around a kinocilium on the apical surface of a sensory hair cell (e.g. a neuromast, auditory or vestibular hair cell). Stereocilium bundles act as mechanosensory organelles by responding to fluid motion or fluid pressure changes.


stereocilium membrane

description: The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a stereocilium.


name: CC50C_HUMAN Cell cycle control protein 50C (sprot)

description: A cell cycle control protein 50C that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: S66AL_HUMAN Putative uncharacterized protein SLC66A1LP (sprot)

description: A protein that is a translation product of the SLC66A1L gene in human.


L-lysine transmembrane transport

description: The directed movement of L-lysine across a membrane.


name: RHG10_HUMAN Rho GTPase-activating protein 10 (sprot)

description: A Rho GTPase-activating protein 10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


GTPase activator activity

description: Binds to and increases the activity of a GTPase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of GTP.


name: regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction.


endosome membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome.


name: CF119_HUMAN Cilia- and flagella-associated protein 119 (sprot)

description: A coiled-coil domain-containing protein 189 that is encoded in the genome of human.


acrosomal vesicle

description: A structure in the head of a spermatozoon that contains acid hydrolases, and is concerned with the breakdown of the outer membrane of the ovum during fertilization. It lies just beneath the plasma membrane and is derived from the lysosome.


sperm principal piece

description: The segment of the sperm flagellum where the mitochondrial sheath ends, and the outer dense fibers (ODFs) associated with outer axonemal doublets 3 and 8 are replaced by the 2 longitudinal columns of the fibrous sheath (FS) which run the length of the principal piece and are stabilized by circumferential ribs. The principal piece makes up ~2/3 of the length of the sperm flagellum and is defined by the presence of the FS and of only 7 (rather than 9) ODFs which taper and then terminate near the distal end of the principal piece.


name: IRGM_HUMAN Immunity-related GTPase family M protein (sprot)

description: An immunity-related GTPase family M protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


G protein activity

description: A molecular function regulator that cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular processes. Intrinsic GTPase activity returns the G protein to its GDP-bound state. The return to the GDP-bound state can be accelerated by the action of a GTPase-activating protein (GAP).


protein-macromolecule adaptor activity

description: The binding activity of a protein that brings together two or more macromolecules in contact, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. The adaptor can bring together two proteins, or a protein and another macromolecule such as a lipid or a nucleic acid.


name: protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity

description: Binds to and increases the activity of a protein serine/threonine kinase.


CARD domain binding

description: Binding to a CARD (N-terminal caspase recruitment) domain, a protein-protein interaction domain that belongs to the death domain-fold superfamily. These protein molecule families are similar in structure with each consisting of six or seven anti-parallel alpha-helices that form highly specific homophilic interactions between signaling partners. CARD exists in the N-terminal prodomains of several caspases and in apoptosis-regulatory proteins and mediates the assembly of CARD-containing proteins that participate in activation or suppression of CARD carrying members of the caspase family.


BH3 domain binding

description: Binding to a BH3 protein domain, present in Bcl-2 family members. The BH3 domain is a potent death domain and has an important role in protein-protein interactions and in cell death.


autophagosome assembly

description: The formation of a double membrane-bounded structure, the autophagosome, that occurs when a specialized membrane sac, called the isolation membrane, starts to enclose a portion of the cytoplasm.


name: positive regulation of protein phosphorylation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.


inflammatory response

description: The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages.


positive regulation of autophagy

description: Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of autophagy. Autophagy is the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm.


name: positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation. Peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation is the phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.


protein destabilization

description: Any process that decreases the stability of a protein, making it more vulnerable to degradative processes or aggregation.


name: negative regulation of type I interferon production

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of type I interferon production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.


name: negative regulation of type II interferon production

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interferon-gamma production. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon.


name: positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine.


name: positive regulation of macrophage activation

description: Any process that stimulates, induces or increases the rate of macrophage activation.


name: negative regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a canonical NF-kappaB signaling cascade.


name: regulation of protein-containing complex assembly

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein complex assembly.


name: negative regulation of defense response to virus

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of antiviral mechanisms, thereby facilitating viral replication.


name: negative regulation of inflammatory response

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response.


name: defense response to Gram-negative bacterium

description: Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a Gram-negative bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism.


name: positive regulation of type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of an interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway.


regulation of protein complex stability

description: Any process that affects the structure and integrity of a protein complex by altering the likelihood of its assembly or disassembly.


name: protein lipidation involved in autophagosome assembly

description: The protein lipidation process by which phosphatidylethanolamine is conjugated to a protein of the ATG8 family, leading to membrane insertion of the protein as a step in autophagosome assembly.


CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascade

description: The series of molecular signals in which calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity enabled by a CAMKK directly activates an AMPK. The cascade begins with calmodulin binding calcium which in turn binds CAMKK enabling its calmodulin-dependent protein kinase activity. The cascade ends with AMP-activated protein kinase activity.


protein-containing complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a protein-containing complex.


name: nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand (such as a bacterial peptidoglycan) to a cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) protein receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: protein targeting to vacuole involved in autophagy

description: The process of directing proteins towards the vacuole using signals contained within the protein, occurring as part of autophagy, the process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm.


cellular response to lipopolysaccharide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria.


autophagosome maturation

description: Removal of PI3P and Atg8/LC3 after the closure of the phagophore and before the fusion with the endosome/lysosome (e.g. mammals and insects) or vacuole (yeast), and that very likely destabilizes other Atg proteins and thus enables their efficient dissociation and recycling.


cellular response to virus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a virus.


name: negative regulation of cGAS/STING signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cGAS/STING signaling pathway.


name: negative regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of NLRP3 inflammasome complex assembly.


name: positive regulation of autophagosome maturation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of autophagosome maturation.


positive regulation of mitophagy

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitophagy.


positive regulation of xenophagy

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of xenophagy.


name: positive regulation of lysosome organization

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lysosome organization.


autophagosome membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding an autophagosome, a double-membrane-bounded vesicle in which endogenous cellular material is sequestered.


Golgi membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus.


phagocytic cup

description: An invagination of the cell membrane formed by an actin dependent process during phagocytosis. Following internalization it is converted into a phagosome.


phagocytic vesicle membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding a phagocytic vesicle.


cell projection

description: A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.


F170A_HUMAN Protein FAM170A (sprot)

A protein FAM170A that is encoded in the genome of human.


transcription by RNA polymerase II

description: The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II (RNAP II), originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs).


name: KR231_HUMAN Keratin-associated protein 23-1 (sprot)

description: A keratin-associated protein 23-1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ANO9_HUMAN Anoctamin-9 (sprot)

An anoctamin-9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: intracellularly calcium-gated chloride channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of chloride by a channel that opens in response to stimulus by a calcium ion or ions. Transport by a channel involves catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a solute (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel, without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.


phospholipid scramblase activity

description: Catalysis of the movement of phospholipids from one membrane bilayer leaflet to the other, by an ATP-independent mechanism.


chloride channel inhibitor activity

description: Binds to and stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of a chloride channel.


lipid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids.


monoatomic ion transmembrane transport

description: A process in which a monoatomic ion is transported across a membrane. Monatomic ions (also called simple ions) are ions consisting of exactly one atom.


establishment of localization in cell

description: Any process, occurring in a cell, that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation.


name: calcium activated phosphatidylserine scrambling

description: The movement of a population of phosphatidylserine molecules from one leaflet of the plasma membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet as a result of a calcium stimulus.


name: calcium activated phosphatidylcholine scrambling

description: The movement of a population of phosphatidylcholine molecules from one leaflet of the plasma membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet as a result of a calcium stimulus.


name: calcium activated galactosylceramide scrambling

description: The movement of a population of galactosylceramide molecules from one leaflet of the plasma membrane bilayer to the opposite leaflet as a result of a calcium stimulus.


chloride transmembrane transport

description: The process in which chloride is transported across a membrane.


name: S22AN_HUMAN Solute carrier family 22 member 23 (sprot)

description: A solute carrier family 22 member 23 that is encoded in the genome of human.


transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a substance, usually a specific substance or a group of related substances, from one side of a membrane to the other.


monoatomic ion transport

description: The directed movement of a monoatomic ion into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Monatomic ions (also called simple ions) are ions consisting of exactly one atom.


transmembrane transport

description: The process in which a solute is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: BICL2_HUMAN BICD family-like cargo adapter 2 (sprot)

description: A BICD family-like cargo adapter 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


small GTPase binding

description: Binding to a small monomeric GTPase.


name: ODAM_HUMAN Odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (sprot)

description: An odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


positive regulation of gene expression

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA).


biomineral tissue development

description: Formation of hard tissues that consist mainly of inorganic compounds, and also contain a small amounts of organic matrices that are believed to play important roles in their formation.


name: regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.


name: odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a dentin-containing tooth over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dentin-containing tooth is a hard, bony organ borne on the jaw or other bone of a vertebrate, and is composed mainly of dentin, a dense calcified substance, covered by a layer of enamel.


positive regulation of GTPase activity

description: Any process that activates or increases the activity of a GTPase.


name: positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in wound healing

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation, contributing to the restoration of integrity to a damaged tissue following an injury.


cell periphery

description: The broad region around and including the plasma membrane of a cell, encompassing the cell cortex (inside the cell), the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures.


mitotic spindle

description: A spindle that forms as part of mitosis. Mitotic and meiotic spindles contain distinctive complements of proteins associated with microtubules.


supramolecular fiber

description: A polymer consisting of an indefinite number of protein or protein complex subunits that have polymerised to form a fiber-shaped structure.


name: F168B_HUMAN Myelin-associated neurite-outgrowth inhibitor (sprot)

description: A myelin-associated neurite-outgrowth inhibitor that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: PXDNL_HUMAN Probable oxidoreductase PXDNL (sprot)

description: A probable oxidoreductase PXDNL that is encoded in the genome of human.


endonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks.


peroxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a donor + a peroxide = an oxidized donor + 2 H2O.


heme binding

description: Binding to a heme, a compound composed of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring.


lactoperoxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 a phenolic donor + H2O2 = 2 a phenolic radical donor + 2 H2O.


response to oxidative stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.


hydrogen peroxide catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).


cellular oxidant detoxification

description: Any process carried out at the cellular level that reduces or removes the toxicity superoxide radicals or hydrogen peroxide.


name: MEX3A_HUMAN RNA-binding protein MEX3A (sprot)

description: An RNA-binding protein MEX3A that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: HACL2_HUMAN 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 2 (sprot)

description: A 2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring.


thiamine pyrophosphate binding

description: Binding to thiamine pyrophosphate, the diphosphoric ester of thiamine. Acts as a coenzyme of several (de)carboxylases, transketolases, and alpha-oxoacid dehydrogenases.


fatty acid alpha-oxidation

description: A metabolic pathway by which 3-methyl branched fatty acids are degraded. These compounds are not degraded by the normal peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway, because the 3-methyl blocks the dehydrogenation of the hydroxyl group by hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. The 3-methyl branched fatty acid is converted in several steps to pristenic acid, which can then feed into the beta-oxidative pathway.


name: ERIC2_HUMAN Glutamate-rich protein 2 (sprot)

description: A protein that is a translation product of the ERICH2 gene in human.


name: U2QL1_HUMAN Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2Q-like protein 1 (sprot)

description: A ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2Q-like protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ubiquitin conjugating enzyme activity

description: Isoenergetic transfer of ubiquitin from one protein to another via the reaction X-ubiquitin + Y = Y-ubiquitin + X, where both the X-ubiquitin and Y-ubiquitin linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue.


name: CT202_HUMAN Uncharacterized protein C20orf202 (sprot)

description: A protein that is a translation product of the C20orf202 gene in human.


name: NDUF8_HUMAN NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 8 (sprot)

description: An NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex assembly factor 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I.


name: SYCE3_HUMAN Synaptonemal complex central element protein 3 (sprot)

description: A synaptonemal complex central element protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


apoptotic process

description: A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died.


synaptonemal complex assembly

description: The cell cycle process in which the synaptonemal complex is formed. This is a structure that holds paired chromosomes together during prophase I of meiosis and that promotes genetic recombination.


reciprocal meiotic recombination

description: The cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a single or double Holliday junction intermediate. This results in the equal exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids in a pair of homologous chromosomes. These reciprocal recombinant products ensure the proper segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I and create genetic diversity.


ectopic germ cell programmed cell death

description: Programmed cell death of an errant germ line cell that is outside the normal migratory path or ectopic to the gonad. This is an important mechanism of regulating germ cell survival within the embryo.


name: positive regulation of apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process.


name: positive regulation of developmental process

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).


cell division

description: The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells.


name: positive regulation of reproductive process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of reproductive process.


central element

description: A structural unit of the synaptonemal complex found between the lateral elements.


chromosome

description: A structure composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins (e.g. histones) that carries hereditary information.


name: IGS23_HUMAN Immunoglobulin superfamily member 23 (sprot)

description: An immunoglobulin superfamily member 23 that is encoded in the genome of human.


osteoclast differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of an osteoclast. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue.


name: PKHG3_HUMAN Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family G member 3 (sprot)

description: A pleckstrin homology domain-containing family G member 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


actin binding

description: Binding to monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments.


regulation of cell migration

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.


cytoskeleton

description: A cellular structure that forms the internal framework of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The cytoskeleton includes intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.


name: ELOV7_HUMAN Very long chain fatty acid elongase 7 (sprot)

description: A very long chain fatty acid elongase 7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


fatty acid elongase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a very-long-chain acyl-CoA + H+ + malonyl-CoA = a very-long-chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA + CO2 + CoA. This reaction is the first (condensation) step of the four-step fatty acid elongation cycle in the endoplasmic reticulum that extends fatty acids of C-16 or longer with an additional 2-C unit.


name: unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an unsaturated fatty acid, any fatty acid containing one or more double bonds between carbon atoms.


name: fatty acid elongation, saturated fatty acid

description: Elongation of a saturated fatty acid chain.


name: fatty acid elongation, polyunsaturated fatty acid

description: Elongation of a fatty acid chain into which two or more C-C double bonds have been introduced.


name: long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in a thioester linkage with a long-chain fatty-acyl group. A long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 13 to 22 carbons.


name: very long-chain fatty acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a very long-chain fatty acid. A very long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing more than 22 carbons.


name: MT1DP_HUMAN Putative metallothionein MT1DP (sprot)


GG12C_HUMAN G antigen 12B/C/D/E (sprot)

A G antigen 12B/C/D/E that is encoded in the genome of human.


PRS38_HUMAN Serine protease 38 (sprot)

A serine protease MPN2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: SRCRL_HUMAN Soluble scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain-containing protein SSC5D (sprot)

description: A soluble scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain-containing protein SSC5D that is encoded in the genome of human.


fibronectin binding

description: Binding to a fibronectin, a group of related adhesive glycoproteins of high molecular weight found on the surface of animal cells, connective tissue matrices, and in extracellular fluids.


scavenger receptor activity

description: Combining with any modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) or other polyanionic ligand and delivering the ligand into the cell via endocytosis. Ligands include acetylated and oxidized LDL, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, apoptotic cells, amyloid-beta fibrils, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs).


extracellular matrix binding

description: Binding to a component of the extracellular matrix.


vesicle-mediated transport

description: A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane.


name: negative regulation of interleukin-8 production

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-8 production.


detection of bacterial lipoprotein

description: The series of events in which a bacterial lipoprotein stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Bacterial lipoproteins are lipoproteins characterized by the presence of conserved sequence motifs called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).


description: An extracellular matrix consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that provides not only essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents but can also initiate crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues required for tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and homeostasis. The components are secreted by cells in the vicinity and form a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells.


name: FSD2_HUMAN Fibronectin type III and SPRY domain-containing protein 2 (sprot)

description: A fibronectin type III and SPRY domain-containing protein 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


sarcoplasmic reticulum

description: A fine reticular network of membrane-limited elements that pervades the sarcoplasm of a muscle cell; continuous over large portions of the cell and with the nuclear envelope; that part of the endoplasmic reticulum specialized for calcium release, uptake and storage.


name: SPD2B_HUMAN SH3 and PX domain-containing protein 2B (sprot)

description: An SH3 and PX domain-containing protein 2B that is encoded in the genome of human.


description: Binding to phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 5' position.


description: Binding to phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 3' position.


SH2 domain binding

description: Binding to a SH2 domain (Src homology 2) of a protein, a protein domain of about 100 amino-acid residues and belonging to the alpha + beta domain class.


description: Binding to phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 3' and 5' positions.


skeletal system development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skeleton over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skeleton is the bony framework of the body in vertebrates (endoskeleton) or the hard outer envelope of insects (exoskeleton or dermoskeleton).


eye development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The eye is the organ of sight.


superoxide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving superoxide, the superoxide anion O2- (superoxide free radical), or any compound containing this species.


heart development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.


extracellular matrix disassembly

description: A process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix.


bone development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of bone over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Bone is the hard skeletal connective tissue consisting of both mineral and cellular components.


adipose tissue development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of adipose tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Adipose tissue is specialized tissue that is used to store fat.


podosome assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a podosome, an actin-rich adhesion structure characterized by formation upon cell substrate contact and localization at the substrate-attached part of the cell.


protein localization to membrane

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in a membrane.


podosome

description: An actin-rich adhesion structure characterized by formation upon cell substrate contact and localization at the substrate-attached part of the cell, contain an F-actin-rich core surrounded by a ring structure containing proteins such as vinculin and talin, and have a diameter of 0.5 mm.


anchoring junction

description: A cell junction that mechanically attaches a cell (and its cytoskeleton) to neighboring cells or to the extracellular matrix.


name: CBAR1_HUMAN CBY1-interacting BAR domain-containing protein 1 (sprot)

description: A CBY1-interacting BAR domain-containing protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


phospholipid binding

description: Binding to a phospholipid, a class of lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester.


name: inner mitochondrial membrane organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the mitochondrial inner membrane.


limb morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of a limb are generated and organized. A limb is a paired appendage of a tetrapod used for locomotion or grasping.


name: positive regulation of smoothened signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of smoothened signaling.


membrane organization

description: A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins.


membrane tubulation

description: A membrane organization process resulting in the formation of a tubular projection. This may face inwardly (as in tubular membrane invaginations) or outwardly (as in endosomal tubules).


centriole

description: A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many eukaryotic cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle.


mitochondrial crista

description: Any of the inward folds of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Their number, extent, and shape differ in mitochondria from different tissues and organisms. They appear to be devices for increasing the surface area of the mitochondrial inner membrane, where the enzymes of electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation are found. Their shape can vary with the respiratory state of the mitochondria.


ciliary transition zone

description: A region of the cilium between the basal body and proximal segment that is characterized by Y-shaped assemblages that connect axonemal microtubules to the ciliary membrane. The ciliary transition zone appears to function as a gate that controls ciliary membrane composition and separates the cytosol from the ciliary plasm.


ciliary base

description: Area of the cilium (also called flagellum) where the basal body and the axoneme are anchored to the plasma membrane. The ciliary base encompasses the distal part of the basal body, transition fibers and transition zone and is structurally and functionally very distinct from the rest of the cilium. In this area proteins are sorted and filtered before entering the cilium, and many ciliary proteins localize specifically to this area.


name: ZBT7C_HUMAN Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 7C (sprot)

description: A zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 7C that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: positive regulation of fat cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of adipocyte differentiation.


name: MACD2_HUMAN ADP-ribose glycohydrolase MACROD2 (sprot)

description: An ADP-ribose glycohydrolase MACROD2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any glycosyl bond.


deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acetyl group or groups from a substrate molecule.


ADP-ribosylglutamate hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-glutamyl-[protein] + H2O = L-glutamyl-[protein] + ADP-ribose.


DNA damage response

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to its DNA from environmental insults or errors during metabolism.


brain development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Brain development begins with patterning events in the neural tube and ends with the mature structure that is the center of thought and emotion. The brain is responsible for the coordination and control of bodily activities and the interpretation of information from the senses (sight, hearing, smell, etc.).


response to bacterium

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a bacterium.


purine nucleoside metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine base covalently bonded to a sugar ribose (a ribonucleoside) or deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


protein de-ADP-ribosylation

description: The process of removing one or more ADP-ribose residues from a protein.


peptidyl-glutamate ADP-deribosylation

description: The removal of ADP-ribose from ADP-ribosylglutamate.


name: ZC12D_HUMAN Probable ribonuclease ZC3H12D (sprot)

description: A probable ribonuclease ZC3H12D that is encoded in the genome of human.


3'-UTR-mediated mRNA destabilization

description: An mRNA destabilization process in which one or more RNA-binding proteins associate with the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of an mRNA.


cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule

description: A ribonucleoprotein granule located in the cytoplasm.


name: SRTM1_HUMAN Serine-rich and transmembrane domain-containing protein 1 (sprot)

description: A serine-rich and transmembrane domain-containing protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


description: Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.


name: FRMD3_HUMAN FERM domain-containing protein 3 (sprot)

description: A FERM domain-containing protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


cytoskeletal protein binding

description: Binding to a protein component of a cytoskeleton (actin, microtubule, or intermediate filament cytoskeleton).


name: PTPC1_HUMAN Protein tyrosine phosphatase domain-containing protein 1 (sprot)

description: A protein tyrosine phosphatase domain-containing protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: PIPSL_HUMAN Putative PIP5K1A and PSMD4-like protein (sprot)

description: A putative PIP5K1A and PSMD4-like protein that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: BCLA3_HUMAN BCLAF1 and THRAP3 family member 3 (sprot)

description: A BCLAF1 and THRAP3 family member 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


DYTN_HUMAN Dystrotelin (sprot)

A dystrotelin that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: CCD78_HUMAN Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 78 (sprot)

description: A coiled-coil domain-containing protein 78 that is encoded in the genome of human.


skeletal muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within skeletal muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. In the skeletal muscle, the muscle contraction takes advantage of an ordered sarcomeric structure and in most cases it is under voluntary control.


cell projection organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon.


name: de novo centriole assembly involved in multi-ciliated epithelial cell differentiation

description: Centriole assembly in which a centriole arises de novo by a process involving an electron-dense structure known as a deuterosome, rather than by duplication of an existing centriole, and occurring as part of multi-ciliated epithelial cell differentiation.


sarcolemma

description: The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers.


deuterosome

description: A spherical, electron dense, cytoplasmic structure that is involved in de novo assembly of centrioles.


name: KV229_HUMAN Immunoglobulin kappa variable 2-29 (sprot)

description: A protein that is a translation product of the IGKV2-29 gene in human.


name: HFM1_HUMAN Probable ATP-dependent DNA helicase HFM1 (sprot)

description: A probable ATP-dependent DNA helicase HFM1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


nucleic acid binding

description: Binding to a nucleic acid.


ATP hydrolysis activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + H+ phosphate. ATP hydrolysis is used in some reactions as an energy source, for example to catalyze a reaction or drive transport against a concentration gradient.


DNA duplex unwinding

description: The process in which interchain hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA are broken or 'melted', generating a region of unpaired single strands.


name: ZN320_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 320 (sprot)

description: A zinc finger protein 320 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: WDR27_HUMAN WD repeat-containing protein 27 (sprot)

description: A WD repeat-containing protein 27 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: TM213_HUMAN Transmembrane protein 213 (sprot)

description: A transmembrane protein 213 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: NBAS_HUMAN NBAS subunit of NRZ tethering complex (sprot)

description: An NBAS subunit of NRZ tethering complex that is encoded in the genome of human.


SNARE binding

description: Binding to a SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor) protein.


name: retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum

description: The directed movement of substances from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum, mediated by vesicles bearing specific protein coats such as COPI or COG.


name: negative regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay.


Dsl1/NZR complex

description: A multisubunit tethering complex, i.e. a protein complex involved in mediating the initial interaction between vesicles and the membranes with which they fuse, that is involved in trafficking from the Golgi apparatus to the ER. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the Dsl1p complex contains Dsl1p, Tip20p, and Sec39p.


name: SYTC2_HUMAN Threonine--tRNA ligase 2, cytoplasmic (sprot)

description: A threonine--tRNA ligase 2, cytoplasmic that is encoded in the genome of human.


threonine-tRNA ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-threonine + tRNA(Thr) = AMP + diphosphate + L-threonyl-tRNA(Thr).


threonyl-tRNA aminoacylation

description: The process of coupling threonine to threonyl-tRNA, catalyzed by threonyl-tRNA synthetase. The threonyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-II synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 3'-OH group of a threonine-accetping tRNA.


HEAT9_HUMAN Protein HEATR9 (sprot)

A protein HEATR9 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: TM218_HUMAN Transmembrane protein 218 (sprot)

description: A transmembrane protein 218 that is encoded in the genome of human.


TESP1_HUMAN Protein TESPA1 (sprot)

A protein TESPA1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


signaling receptor binding

description: Binding to one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.


phospholipase binding

description: Binding to a phospholipase.


protein localization

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


COP9 signalosome assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a COP9 signalosome.


T cell differentiation in thymus

description: The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a T cell via a differentiation pathway dependent upon transit through the thymus.


name: positive regulation of T cell differentiation in thymus

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell differentiation in the thymus.


TCR signalosome assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a TCR signalosome.


name: positive regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.


COP9 signalosome

description: A protein complex that catalyzes the deneddylation of proteins, including the cullin component of SCF ubiquitin E3 ligase; deneddylation increases the activity of cullin family ubiquitin ligases. The signalosome is involved in many regulatory process, including some which control development, in many species; also regulates photomorphogenesis in plants; in many species its subunits are highly similar to those of the proteasome.


TCR signalosome

description: A multi-protein complex containing at least the T-cell receptor complex and the LAT (linker for activation of T cells) scaffold protein. Also contains a variety of signaling proteins including co-receptors, kinases, phosphatases and adaptors such as CD8. Connects events on the plasma membrane to distal signaling cascades to ultimately modulate T cell biology.


name: SMCO3_HUMAN Single-pass membrane and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 3 (sprot)

description: A single-pass membrane and coiled-coil domain-containing protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


HYKK_HUMAN Hydroxylysine kinase (sprot)

An aminoglycoside phosphotransferase domain-containing protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


hydroxylysine kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: erythro-5-hydroxy-L-lysine + GTP = 5-phosphonooxy-L-lysine + GDP + 2 H+.


lysine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.


name: HMX2_HUMAN Homeobox protein HMX2 (sprot)

description: A homeobox protein HMX2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


inner ear morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the inner ear are generated and organized. The inner ear is the structure in vertebrates that contains the organs of balance and hearing. It consists of soft hollow sensory structures (the membranous labyrinth) containing fluid (endolymph) surrounded by fluid (perilymph) and encased in a bony cavity (the bony labyrinth). It consists of two chambers, the sacculus and utriculus, from which arise the cochlea and semicircular canals respectively.


name: positive regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of mRNA splicing via a spliceosomal mechanism.


epithelial cell proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Epithelial cells make up the epithelium, the covering of internal and external surfaces of the body, including the lining of vessels and other small cavities. It consists of cells joined by small amounts of cementing substances.


name: positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation.


stem cell proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of stem cells, resulting in the expansion of a stem cell population. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.


name: positive regulation of stem cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell proliferation.


F234B_HUMAN Protein FAM234B (sprot)

A protein FAM234B that is encoded in the genome of human.


microtubule organizing center

description: An intracellular structure that can catalyze gamma-tubulin-dependent microtubule nucleation and that can anchor microtubules by interacting with their minus ends, plus ends or sides.


name: MEIOC_HUMAN Meiosis-specific coiled-coil domain-containing protein MEIOC (sprot)

description: A meiosis-specific coiled-coil domain-containing protein MEIOC that is encoded in the genome of human.


double-strand break repair

description: The repair of double-strand breaks in DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix.


spermatid development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a spermatid over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


oocyte development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


metaphase chromosome alignment

description: A chromosome localization process whereby chromosomes are positioned in a specific order and orientation at the metaphase plate (spindle equator), during chromosome segregation. This alignment ensures that each daughter cell will receive the correct number of chromosomes during cell division.


name: germline cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle

description: The process in which a germline cell switches cell cycle mode from mitotic to meiotic division.


name: chromosome organization involved in meiotic cell cycle

description: A process of chromosome organization that is involved in a meiotic cell cycle.


name: CCD66_HUMAN Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 66 (sprot)

description: A coiled-coil domain-containing protein 66 that is encoded in the genome of human.


microtubule bundle formation

description: A process that results in a parallel arrangement of microtubules.


retina homeostasis

description: A tissue homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium within the retina of the eye, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function.


name: detection of light stimulus involved in visual perception

description: The series of events involved in visual perception in which a light stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal.


name: regulation of protein localization to cilium

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to cilium.


photoreceptor outer segment

description: The outer segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor that contains a stack of membrane discs embedded with photoreceptor proteins.


photoreceptor inner segment

description: The inner segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor containing mitochondria, ribosomes and membranes where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment discs.


centriolar satellite

description: A small (70-100 nm) cytoplasmic granule that contains a number of centrosomal proteins; centriolar satellites traffic toward microtubule minus ends and are enriched near the centrosome.


Flemming body

description: A cell part that is the central region of the midbody characterized by a gap in alpha-tubulin staining. It is a dense structure of antiparallel microtubules from the central spindle in the middle of the intercellular bridge.


name: TYW5_HUMAN tRNA wybutosine-synthesizing protein 5 (sprot)

description: A tRNA wybutosine-synthesizing protein 5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


tRNA binding

description: Binding to a transfer RNA.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + O2 + 7-[(3S)-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)]-wyosine37 in tRNAPhe = succinate + carbon dioxide + 7-(2-hydroxy-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-wyosine37 in tRNAPhe.


wybutosine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of wybutosine, 3H-imidazo[1,2-alpha]purine-7-butanoic acid, 4,9-dihydro- alpha-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]- 4,6-dimethyl-9-oxo- 3-beta-D-ribofuranosyl methyl ester, a modified nucleoside found in some tRNA molecules.


name: MBPHL_HUMAN Myosin-binding protein H-like (sprot)

description: A myosin-binding protein H-like that is encoded in the genome of human.


in utero embryonic development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus.


sarcomere

description: The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs.


myofilament

description: Any of the smallest contractile units of a myofibril (striated muscle fiber).


name: C144A_HUMAN Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 144A (sprot)

description: A coiled-coil domain-containing protein 144A that is encoded in the genome of human.


calcium oxalate binding

description: Binding to calcium oxalate, CaC2O4, a salt of oxalic acid. In animals, it may be excreted in urine or retained in the form of urinary calculi.


name: DEND3_HUMAN DENN domain-containing protein 3 (sprot)

description: A DENN domain-containing protein 3 that is encoded in the genome of human.


endosome to lysosome transport

description: The directed movement of substances from endosomes to lysosomes.


protein catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.


name: TMM89_HUMAN Transmembrane protein 89 (sprot)

description: A transmembrane protein 89 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: COLL1_HUMAN Colipase-like protein 1 (sprot)

description: A colipase-like protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


enzyme activator activity

description: Binds to and increases the activity of an enzyme.


digestion

description: The whole of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by multicellular organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.


lipid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.


name: DCD2B_HUMAN Doublecortin domain-containing protein 2B (sprot)

description: A doublecortin domain-containing protein 2B that is encoded in the genome of human.


FUCM_HUMAN Fucose mutarotase (sprot)

A fucose mutarotase that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: racemase and epimerase activity, acting on carbohydrates and derivatives

description: Catalysis of a reaction that alters the configuration of one or more chiral centers in a carbohydrate molecule.


L-fucose mutarotase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-L-fucose = beta-L-fucose.


fucose binding

description: Binding to fucose, the pentose 6-deoxygalactose.


fucose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving fucose, or 6-deoxygalactose, which has two enantiomers, D-fucose and L-fucose.


name: T131L_HUMAN Transmembrane protein 131-like (sprot)

description: A transmembrane protein 131-like that is encoded in the genome of human.


Wnt signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of a target cell and ending with a change in cell state.


name: negative regulation of immature T cell proliferation in thymus

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of immature T cell proliferation in the thymus.


SSPO_HUMAN SCO-spondin (sprot)

A SCO-spondin that is encoded in the genome of human.


peptidase inhibitor activity

description: Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidase, any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis peptide bonds.


plasma membrane protein complex

description: Any protein complex that is part of the plasma membrane.


name: OR2M5_HUMAN Olfactory receptor 2M5 (sprot)

description: An olfactory receptor 2M5 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: VWA8_HUMAN von Willebrand factor A domain-containing protein 8 (sprot)

description: A von Willebrand factor A domain-containing protein 8 that is encoded in the genome of human.


peroxisome

description: A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism.


name: SBNO1_HUMAN Protein strawberry notch homolog 1 (sprot)

description: A protein strawberry notch homolog 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: PRA22_HUMAN PRAME family member 22 (sprot)

description: A PRAME family member 22 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: PRA27_HUMAN PRAME family member 27 (sprot)

description: A protein that is a translation product of the PRAMEF27 gene in human.


name: LAMB4_HUMAN Laminin subunit beta-4 (sprot)

description: A laminin subunit beta-4 that is encoded in the genome of human.


basement membrane

description: A collagen-containing extracellular matrix consisting of a thin layer of dense material found in various animal tissues interposed between the cells and the adjacent connective tissue. It consists of the basal lamina plus an associated layer of reticulin fibers.


name: SIM30_HUMAN Small integral membrane protein 30 (sprot)

description: A protein that is a translation product of the SMIM30 gene in human.


name: negative regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway.


name: CPED1_HUMAN Cadherin-like and PC-esterase domain-containing protein 1 (sprot)

description: A cadherin-like and PC-esterase domain-containing protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: ISPD_HUMAN D-ribitol-5-phosphate cytidylyltransferase (sprot)

description: A D-ribitol-5-phosphate cytidylyltransferase that is encoded in the genome of human.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribitol 5-phosphate + CTP = CDP-ribitol + diphosphate.


cytidylyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a cytidylyl group to an acceptor.


isoprenoid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an isoprenoid compound, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues.


protein O-linked mannosylation

description: The transfer of mannose from dolichyl activated mannose to the hydroxyl group of a seryl or threonyl residue of a protein acceptor molecule, to form an O-linked protein-sugar linkage.


F221A_HUMAN Protein FAM221A (sprot)

A protein FAM221A that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: GSAP_HUMAN Gamma-secretase-activating protein (sprot)

description: A protein pigeon that is encoded in the genome of human.


amyloid-beta binding

description: Binding to an amyloid-beta peptide/protein.


regulation of proteolysis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.


name: positive regulation of amyloid-beta formation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of amyloid-beta formation.


trans-Golgi network

description: The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination.


name: Z804B_HUMAN Zinc finger protein 804B (sprot)

description: A zinc finger protein 804B that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: GTPBA_HUMAN GTP-binding protein 10 (sprot)

description: A GTP-binding protein 10 that is encoded in the genome of human.


ribosome biogenesis

description: A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis.


name: LRRD1_HUMAN Leucine-rich repeat and death domain-containing protein 1 (sprot)

description: A leucine-rich repeat and death domain-containing protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: WDR91_HUMAN WD repeat-containing protein 91 (sprot)

description: A WD repeat-containing protein 91 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor activity

description: Binds to and decreases the activity of a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K).


regulation of protein catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.


name: early endosome to late endosome transport

description: The directed movement of substances, in membrane-bounded vesicles, from the early sorting endosomes to the late sorting endosomes; transport occurs along microtubules and can be experimentally blocked with microtubule-depolymerizing drugs.


name: negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction.


early endosome membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding an early endosome.


name: KLRG2_HUMAN Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G member 2 (sprot)

description: A killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G member 2 that is encoded in the genome of human.


carbohydrate binding

description: Binding to a carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates.


name: RAB19_HUMAN Ras-related protein Rab-19 (sprot)

description: A Ras-related protein Rab-19 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: PRS37_HUMAN Probable inactive serine protease 37 (sprot)

description: A probable inactive serine protease 37 that is encoded in the genome of human.


binding of sperm to zona pellucida

description: The process in which the sperm binds to the zona pellucida glycoprotein layer of the egg. The process begins with the attachment of the sperm plasma membrane to the zona pellucida and includes attachment of the acrosome inner membrane to the zona pellucida after the acrosomal reaction takes place.


germ cell migration

description: The orderly movement of a cell specialized to produce haploid gametes through the embryo from its site of production to the place where the gonads will form.


cell migration

description: The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues.


protein maturation

description: Any process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein.


regulation of protein processing

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein processing, a protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.


positive regulation of fertilization

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fertilization.


name: positive regulation of acrosome reaction

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the acrosome reaction.


name: DEN11_HUMAN DENN domain-containing protein 11 (sprot)

description: A DENN domain-containing protein 11 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: CC14C_HUMAN Dual specificity protein phosphatase CDC14C (sprot)

description: A dual specificity protein phosphatase CDC14C that is encoded in the genome of human.


SMIP7_HUMAN Protein SPMIP7 (sprot)

A protein SPMIP7 that is encoded in the genome of human.


name: MBLC1_HUMAN Metallo-beta-lactamase domain-containing protein 1 (sprot)

description: A metallo-beta-lactamase domain-containing protein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human.


RNA endonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks.


histone mRNA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving an mRNA encoding a histone.


mRNA 3'-end processing

description: Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of an mRNA molecule.


name: positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

description: Any signaling pathway that increases or activates a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G1 phase to S phase of the mitotic cell cycle.