name: positive regulation of the force of heart contraction by circulating norepinephrine

description: The process in which the secretion of norepinephrine into the bloodstream modulates the force of heart muscle contraction.


regulation of cellular response to heat

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to heat.


regulation of inhibin secretion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of inhibin from a cell.


name: regulation of action potential firing pattern

description: Any process that regulates the temporal pattern of a sequence of action potentials in a neuron.


proteinase-activated receptor activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A G protein-coupled receptor activity that is activated by cleavage by a serine protease, exposing a tethered ligand corresponding to the new N-terminus, which binds to the receptor and activates it.


syringal lignin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of syringal lignin.


name: negative regulation of lactose biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lactose biosynthetic process.


name: low-affinity nitrate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of nitrate ions (NO3-) from one side of a membrane to the other. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.


name: establishment of glial blood-brain barrier

description: Establishment of the glial barrier between the blood and the brain. The glial cells in the brain are packed tightly together preventing the passage of most molecules from the blood into the brain. Only lipid soluble molecules or those that are actively transported can pass through the blood-brain barrier.


glycosyl compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosyl compound.


intestinal phytosterol absorption

description: A process in which phytosterols are taken up from the contents of the intestine.


name: regulation of interphase mitotic telomere clustering

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic telomere clustering during interphase.


name: high-affinity L-arginine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of arginine from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


name: guanosine pentaphosphate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine pentaphosphate (5'-pppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with five phosphates.


migration in host

description: The directional movement of an organism from one place to another within its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


glucarate dehydratase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucarate = 5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucarate + H2O.


cyanamide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanamide, NCNH2, a cyanide compound which has been used as a fertilizer, defoliant and in many manufacturing processes. It often occurs as the calcium salt, sometimes also referred to as cyanamide. The citrated calcium salt is used in the treatment of alcoholism.


response to nickel cation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nickel cation stimulus.


name: negative regulation of gonad development

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gonad development.


name: activating MHC class I receptor activity

description: Combining with a MHC class I protein complex to mediate signaling that activates a lymphocyte.


name: gastric inhibitory peptide receptor activity

description: Combining with gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) and transmitting the signal across the membrane to activate an associated G-protein.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host autophagy

description: A process in which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of autophagy in the host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


brown fat cell proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of brown fat cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A brown fat cell is a fat cell found the thermogenic form of adipose tissue found in newborns of many species.


Pup transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of Pup from one protein to another via the reaction X-Pup + Y = Y-Pup + X, where both X-Pup and Y-Pup are covalent linkages.


name: acetylenecarboxylate hydratase activity, producing 3-oxopropanoate

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-oxopropanoate = propynoate + H2O.


Golgi vesicle uncoating

description: The process in which Golgi vesicle coat proteins are depolymerized, and released for reuse.


central nervous system maturation

description: A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the central nervous system to attain its fully functional state. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain and spinal cord. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord.


epithelium-like organization

description: The organization of a polarized cell layer during morphogenesis in protozoa; an example is found during culmination in D. discoideum, involving alpha and beta catenins.


fruit abscission

description: The controlled shedding of a fruit.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of ethanolamine phosphate to a mannose residue in the GPI lipid precursor.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H+ + O2 = a (4R,8E)-4-hydroxysphingenine ceramide + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O or an N-acyl-(4R)-4-hydroxysphinganine + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H+ + O2 = (4R,8Z)-4-hydroxysphing-8-enine ceramide + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O. This results in the formation of a double bond between C8 and C9 of the long chain base of a sphingolipid.


pyloric canal smooth muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within gastric smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the distal part of the pylorus between the pyloric antrum and the pyloric sphincter.


aorta morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of an aorta are generated and organized. An aorta is an artery that carries blood from the heart to other parts of the body.


GTP cyclohydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the imidazole ring of GTP, releasing formate. Two C-N bonds are hydrolyzed and the pentase unit is isomerized.


citrulline metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins.


perception of rate of movement

description: The series of events by which an organism senses the speed and direction of movement of the body and its parts.


telomeric 3' overhang formation

description: The formation of the single stranded telomeric 3' overhang, a conserved feature that ranges in length from 12 nt in budding yeast to approximately 500 nt in humans.


cellular response to putrescine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a putrescine stimulus.


intermediate filament depolymerization

description: Disassembly of intermediate filaments by the removal of component monomers from a filament.


regulation of somitogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of somitogenesis.


masculinization of hermaphrodite soma

description: Promotion of male sex and sexual phenotypes in the hermaphroditic nematode soma. An example of this is found in Caenorhabditis elegans.


name: modulation of process of another organism

description: The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or processes of another organism.


name: glomerular epithelial cell fate commitment

description: The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a glomerular epithelial cell. Glomerular epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form part of the glomerulus; there are two types, glomerular parietal epithelial cells and glomerular visceral epithelial cells.


ammonium ion binding

description: Binding to ammonium ions (NH4+).


(Z)-gamma-bisabolene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = (Z)-gamma-bisabolene + diphosphate.


D-pinitol dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5D-5-O-methyl-chiro-inositol + NADP+ = 2D-5-O-methyl-2,3,5/4,6-pentahydroxycyclohexanone + H+ + NADPH.


starch alpha-glucosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: starch + H2O = alpha-D-glucose.


response to formaldehyde

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a formaldehyde stimulus.


name: alcohol dehydrogenase (cytochrome c) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 [Fe(III)cytochrome c] + a primary alcohol = 2 [Fe(II)cytochrome c] + an aldehyde + 2 H+.


name: serine family amino acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving amino acids of the serine family, comprising cysteine, glycine, homoserine, selenocysteine and serine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propanol = 4,4'-dihydroxy-alpha-methylstilbene + H2O.


name: negative regulation of acylglycerol transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of acylglycerol transport.


mesonephric tubule morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of a mesonephric tubule are generated and organized. A mesonephric tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the mesonephros.


name: centripetally migrating follicle cell migration

description: The cell migration process in which a follicle cell migrates as part of an epithelial sheet between the nurse cells and the oocyte. At the end of migration, they cover the anterior of the oocyte.


synthetic cannabinoid binding

description: Binding to synthetic cannabinoid.


name: lymphatic vascular process in circulatory system

description: A circulatory process that occurs at the level of the lymphatic vasculature.


name: regulation of pronephric nephron tubule development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pronephric nephron tubule development.


xanthophore differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a xanthophore cell. Xanthophores are pigment cells derived from the neural crest. They contain pteridine and/or carotenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or xanthosomes. This makes them yellow to orange in appearance.


positive regulation of response to drug

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to drug.


carnosine synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-histidine + beta-alanine = AMP + diphosphate + carnosine.


tyramine receptor activity

description: Combining with the biogenic amine tyramine to initiate a change in cell activity. Tyramine is a sympathomimetic amine derived from tyrosine with an action resembling that of epinephrine.


name: negative regulation of deacetylase activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of deacetylase activity.


regulation of neural retina development

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of neural retina development, the progression of the neural retina over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The neural retina is the part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells.


trinitrotoluene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving trinitrotoluene, a methylated benzene molecule with three NO2 groups attached to it. This includes the explosive TNT, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene.


name: positive regulation of epinephrine secretion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of epinephrine.


glutathionylspermidine amidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N1-(gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycyl)-spermidine + H2O = gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine + spermidine.


name: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous protein antigen via MHC class Ib, TAP-dependent

description: The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex following intracellular transport via a TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing) pathway. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and is dependent on TAP transport from the cytosol to ER for association with the MHC class Ib molecule. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family.


name: stomach fundus smooth muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the fundus of stomach. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The fundus is the portion of the stomach that lies above the cardiac notch.


response to vitamin E

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin E stimulus.


name: lymphocyte migration into lymphoid organs

description: The movement of a lymphocyte within the lymphatic system into lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes, spleen or Peyer's patches, and its subsequent positioning within defined functional compartments such as sites of cell activation by antigen.


interleukin-28A production

description: The appearance of interleukin-28A due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: positive regulation of neurotrophin production

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of production of a neurotrophin.


type IV pilus assembly

description: The assembly from its constituent parts of a type IV pilus.


name: regulation of cell proliferation involved in kidney morphogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation that contributes to the shaping of the kidney.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a tetrahydromethanopterin.


interleukin-18 receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-18 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


alkane catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an alkane, any acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having the general formula CnH2n+2.


embryonic hemopoiesis

description: The stages of blood cell formation that take place within the embryo.


name: positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell differentiation.


R7 cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of the R7 photoreceptor.


ensheathment of neurons

description: The process in which glial cells envelop neuronal cell bodies and/or axons to form an insulating layer. This can take the form of myelinating or non-myelinating ensheathment.


response to oxidopamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oxidopamine stimulus.


name: positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of regulatory T cells.


name: connective tissue growth factor production

description: The appearance of connective tissue growth factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


dCMP catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dCMP, deoxycytidine monophosphate.


endosulfan diol dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: endosulfan diol = endosulfan hydroxyether + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-beta-alanyl histamine + H2O = histamine + beta-alanine.


cellular response to lectin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lectin stimulus. A lectin is a carbohydrate-binding protein, highly specific for binding sugar moieties.


flower calyx development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the flower calyx over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


Wnt-Frizzled-LRP5/6 complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a Wnt-Frizzled-LRP5/6 complex.


inferior salivary nucleus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inferior salivary nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


name: negative regulation of response to type II interferon

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a response to type II interferon (interferon-gamma). Response to interferon gamma is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus.


metanephric cap formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a metanephric cap from unspecified parts. The metanephric cap is formed by the condensation of metanephric mesenchymal cells surrounding the ureteric bud tip.


nephron tubule formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the nephron, the functional part of the kidney.


name: positive regulation of granuloma formation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of granuloma formation.


name: granzyme B localization to T cell secretory granule

description: Any process in which the protease granzyme B is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule in a T cell.


name: prevention of polyspermy during double fertilization

description: The regulation of double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm process that ensures that only a single sperm cell fertilizes one egg cell and another single sperm cell fertilizes one central cell.


name: atrial cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization

description: The process in which ions are transported across the plasma membrane of an atrial cardiac muscle cell such that the membrane potential changes in the repolarizing direction, toward the steady state potential. For example, the repolarization during an action potential is from a positive membrane potential towards a negative resting potential.


3-cyano-L-alanine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 3-cyano-L-alanine.


name: regulation of stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via a stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade.


name: kaempferol 3-rhamnoside 7-O-rhamnosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: kaempferol-3-rhamnoside + UDP-L-rhamnose = kaempferol-3-rhamnoside-7-rhamnoside + UDP.


2-carene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate = (+)-2-carene + diphosphoric acid.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-histidinol-phosphate + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(imidazol-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl phosphate + L-glutamate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-threonylcarbamoyladenylate + adenine(37) in tRNA = AMP + N(6)-L-threonylcarbamoyladenine(37) in tRNA.


name: circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep

description: All sleep stages in the circadian sleep/wake cycle other than REM sleep. These stages are characterized by a slowing of brain waves and other physiological functions.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 11-deoxycorticosterone = 20-hydroxy-3-oxopregn-4-en-21-al.


bile acid signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by bile acid binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: positive regulation of estrone secretion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of estrone secretion.


name: regulation of kainate selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the kainate selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway.


stress response to zinc ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis caused by a zinc ion stimulus.


name: peptidyl-aspartic acid hydroxylation to form L-erythro-beta-hydroxyaspartic acid

description: The hydroxylation of peptidyl-aspartic acid to form peptidyl-L-erythro-beta-hydroxyaspartic acid; catalyzed by peptide-aspartate beta-dioxygenase (EC:1.14.11.16).


name: histone H4K20 monomethyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl20-[histone H4] + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + N6-methyl-L-lysyl20-[histone H4] + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the unmethylated lysine residue at position 20 of histone H4, producing histone H4K20me.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced iron-sulfur protein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from reduced iron-sulfur protein and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into one donor.


vitamin B6 catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of the vitamin B6 compounds; pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine and the active form, pyridoxal phosphate.


name: response to transition metal nanoparticle

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transition metal nanoparticle.


name: culmination involved in sorocarp development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the culminant over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Culmination begins with a morphogenetic change of the finger-like or migratory slug giving rise to an organized structure containing a stalk and a sorus. This process is the final stage of sorocarp development.


synaptic signaling via neuropeptide

description: Cell-cell signaling to or from a synapse, mediated by a peptide.


name: ATPase-coupled carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + carboxylic acid(out/in) = ADP + phosphate + carboxylic acid(in/out).


name: glucan endo-1,3-beta-glucanase activity, C-3 substituted reducing group

description: Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->3)-linkages in beta-D-glucans when the glucose residue whose reducing group is involved in the linkage to be hydrolysed is itself substituted at C-3.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + 5-(D-galactosyloxy)-L-lysine-procollagen = UDP + 1,2-D-glucosyl-5-D-(galactosyloxy)-L-lysine-procollagen.


endoplasmic reticulum membrane fusion

description: The joining of 2 or more lipid bilayer membranes that surround the endoplasmic reticulum.


name: negative regulation of L-lysine import across plasma membrane

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of L-lysine import into cell.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside)-1D-myo-inositol + L-cysteine + ATP = 1-D-myo-inosityl-2-L-cysteinylamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H+. 1-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside)-1D-myo-inositol is also known as glucosaminyl-inositol or GlcN-Ins, and 1-D-myo-inosityl-2-L-cysteinylamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside as desacetylmycothiol or Cys-GlcN-Ins.


name: regulation of cardiac ventricle formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac ventricle formation.


regulation of DNA primase activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA primase activity.


sialic acid binding

description: Binding to a sialic acid, a N- or O- substituted derivative of neuraminic acid, a nine carbon monosaccharide. Sialic acids often occur in polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animals and bacteria.


cytoneme morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of a cytoneme are shaped. A cytoneme is a long, thin and polarized actin-based cytoplasmic extension that projects from a cell.


tatiopterin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tatiopterin.


protein K27-linked deubiquitination

description: A protein deubiquitination process in which a K27-linked ubiquitin chain, i.e. a polymer of ubiquitin formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 27 of the ubiquitin monomers, is removed from a protein.


name: negative regulation of cellular response to alcohol

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to alcohol.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: octanoyl-CoA + a malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = a 3-oxodecanoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + CoA + CO2.


thymidylate synthase (FAD) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + dUMP + NADPH + H+ = dTMP + tetrahydrofolate + NADP+.


name: CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell lineage commitment

description: The process in which an immature T cell becomes committed to becoming a CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell.


tripeptidyl-peptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the release of an N-terminal tripeptide from a polypeptide.


spermidine binding

description: Binding to spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane.


trabecular meshwork development

description: The progression of the trabecular meshwork over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trabecular meshwork is a fenestrated endothelial-like tissue situated at the intersection of the cornea and the iris. The trabecular meshwork provides drainage for the aqueous humor.


cellular response to sodium phosphate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a sodium phosphate stimulus.


MHC class I protein complex binding

description: Binding to a class I major histocompatibility complex.


cell wall integrity MAPK cascade

description: A MAPK cascade containing at least the SLT2 (S.cerevisiae)/Pmk1 (S.pombe) MAP kinase. It starts with the activation of an upstream MAP4K, and continues with the consecutive activation of a MAP3K and a MAP2K. The upstream MAP4K is activated following the detection of stretching of the plasma membrane or alterations of its connections to the cell wall by membrane sensors.


bile acid binding

description: Binding to a bile acid, a steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile.


name: positive regulation of the force of heart contraction by neuronal epinephrine

description: The process in which the release of epinephrine from nerve endings modulates the force of heart muscle contraction.


name: embryonic heart tube formation via epithelial folding

description: The process that gives rise to the embryonic heart tube by the cells of the heart field along a linear axis.


adhesin autotransporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of adhesin from the periplasm to the external milieu; the adhesin and the porin are the N- and C-terminal regions of the same protein, respectively.


name: positive regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow cell

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in the bone marrow.


paranodal junction assembly

description: Formation of the junction between an axon and the glial cell that forms the myelin sheath. Paranodal junctions form at each paranode, i.e. at the ends of the unmyelinated nodes of Ranvier.


coenzyme M metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzyme M (2-thioethansulfonate), a coenzyme involved in the utilization of methane by methanogenic prokaryotes.


2-dehydro-3-deoxygluconokinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate + ATP = 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-6-phospho-D-gluconate + ADP + 2 H+.


regulation of pigmentation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition or modulates the distribution of coloring matter in an organism.


name: isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isoquinoline alkaloids, alkaloid compounds that contain bicyclic N-containing aromatic rings and are derived from a 3,4-dihydroxytyramine (dopamine) precursor that undergoes a Schiff base addition with aldehydes of different origin.


name: positive regulation of small intestinal transit

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of any small intestinal transit process, the migration of ingested material along the length of the small intestine.


memory T cell extravasation

description: The migration of a memory T cell from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue. A memory T cell is a distinctly differentiated long-lived T cell that has the phenotype CD45RO-positive and CD127-positive.


name: regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development.


name: antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I

description: The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules.


name: regulation of short-day photoperiodism, flowering

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of short-day photoperiodism, where the response associated with the photoperiodism is flowering. Flowering is defined by the switch from the vegetative to the reproductive phase.


flavonoid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving flavonoids, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton including flavones, flavonols and flavanoids, and anthocyanins.


nucleologenesis

description: A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a nucleolus, a small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.


Hulle cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of Hulle cells over time, from their formation to the mature structures. Hulle cells are specialized multinucleate cells that originate from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development and serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium, or fruiting body.


name: positive regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that increases the rate or frequency of muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a muscle cell and result in its death.


ta-siRNA processing

description: A process leading to the generation of a functional trans-acting small interfering RNA (ta-siRNA). ta-siRNAs function like miRNAs to guide cleavage of target mRNAs.


cardiolipin synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylglycerol + phosphatidylglycerol = diphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin) + glycerol.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host cGAS-STING signal transduction

description: A process in which a virus interferes with, inhibits or disrupt a cGAS/STING signal transduction in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: positive regulation of stomatal complex development

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stomatal complex development.


name: endothelial stalk cell fate specification

description: The process involved in the specification of identity of an endothelial stalk cell. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment. An endothelial stalk cell is a specialized endothelial cell which follows behind the tip cell of an angiogenic sprout.


name: radial glial cell fate commitment in forebrain

description: The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a radial glial cell in the forebrain.


name: positive regulation of glial cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of glial cell proliferation.


UTP diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UTP + H2O = UMP + H+ + diphosphate.


hydroperoxide reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 RSH + ROOH = RSSR + ROH + H2O. This reaction is the thiol-dependent conversion of an organic hydroperoxide to the corresponding alcohol.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + [acyl-carrier protein] = CoA + acetyl-[acyl-carrier protein].


arylsulfatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a phenol sulfate + H2O = a phenol + sulfate.


description: The 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation of a lysine residue in a protein.


name: double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm

description: Fertilization where one of the two sperm nuclei from the pollen tube fuses with the egg nucleus to form a 2n zygote, and the other fuses with the two polar nuclei to form the 3n primary endosperm nucleus and then develops into the endosperm. The ploidy level of the 2n zygote and 3n primary endosperm nucleus is determined by the ploidy level of the parents involved. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.


name: protein localization to mitotic spindle midzone

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a mitotic spindle midzone.


name: ABC-type ferric-enterobactin transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ferric-enterobactin(out) = ADP + phosphate + ferric-enterobactin(in).


name: nitrite efflux transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of nitrite from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.


UDP-D-apiose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-D-apiose, uridinediphosphoapicose, a substance composed of apiose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


thylakoid membrane organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the thylakoid membrane.


name: positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor protein signaling pathway. An adrenergic receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adrenergic receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


cellular response to phenylpropanoid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phenylpropanoid stimulus.


cephalosporin C catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cephalosporin C.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: CTP + (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate + L-cysteine = CMP + diphosphate + (R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl-L-cysteine. Cysteine can be replaced by some of its derivatives.


name: regulation of primary heart field cardioblast proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the primary heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. In mammals the primary heart field gives rise to the left ventricle.


name: methyl/ethyl malonyl-CoA decarboxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA + H+ = CO2 + propanoyl-CoA or (2S)-ethylmalonyl-CoA + H+ = butanoyl-CoA + CO2.


vacuole inheritance

description: The distribution of vacuoles into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between vacuoles and the cytoskeleton.


methane monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: methane + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = methanol + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


lateral semicircular canal development

description: The progession of the lateral semicircular canal from its initial formation to the mature structure.


protein autoubiquitination

description: The ubiquitination by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues, or residues on an identical protein. Ubiquitination occurs on the lysine residue by formation of an isopeptide crosslink.


response to fluoxetine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fluoxetine stimulus. Fluoxetine increases the extracellular level of the neurotransmitter serotonin by inhibiting its reuptake into the presynaptic cell, increasing the level of serotonin available to bind to the postsynaptic receptor.


name: L-tyrosine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of L-tyrosine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-tyrosine is 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.


p38MAPK cascade

description: A MAPK cascade containing at least the p38MAPK (MAPK14) MAP kinase, or Hog1 in yeast. It starts with the activation of a MAP3K, and the consecutive activation of a MPK2K and of p38MAPK. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier. The p38MAPK cascade is activated by stress signals, including hyperosmolarity, as well as by G protein-coupled receptors, growth factors, and cytokines, and results in cellular responses such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation, apoptosis and inflammation.


name: cellular response to 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide stimulus.


name: mechanosensitive monoatomic cation channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a monoatomic cation by a channel that opens in response to a mechanical stress.


name: phenylalanine 4-hydroxylase (N10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate dependent) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-phenylalanine + O2 + an N10-formyl-tetrahydrofolate = L-tyrosine + a 10-formyltetrahydrofolate-4a-carbinolamine.


name: putrescine biosynthetic process from arginine

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane, from other compounds, including arginine.


name: naphthyl-2-oxomethyl-succinyl-CoA succinyl transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: naphthyl-2-oxomethyl-succinyl-CoA + CoASH = 2-naphthoyl-CoA + succinyl-CoA.


protein catenane formation

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a protein structure comprising two or more rings that are interlocked but not covalently joined; resembling the links of a chain.


name: lymphoid lineage cell migration into thymus

description: The movement of a lymphoid lineage cell (also called a lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell) into the thymus. Lymphoid lineage cells enter and exit the thymus several times as part of this process.


name: positive regulation of mitotic cytokinetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinetic process.


cellular response to sulfate starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of sulfate.


response to antimycin A

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antimycin A stimulus.


name: adhesion of symbiont hyphopodium to host

description: The attachment of a hyphopodium of the symbiont to its host via adhesion molecules. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: mesenchymal-epithelial cell signaling involved in prostate gland development

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an epithelial cell where it is received and interpreted contributing to the progression of the prostate gland over time.


name: negative regulation of ductus arteriosus closure

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ductus arteriosus closure.


macrophage tolerance induction

description: A process involving any mechanism for tolerance induction in macrophages.


glycol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycol, a diol in which the two hydroxy groups are on different carbon atoms, usually but not necessarily adjacent.


name: negative regulation of signal transduction in absence of ligand

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction in absence of ligand.


name: envenomation resulting in fibrinolysis in another organism

description: The process which begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with fibrinolysis, a process that solubilizes fibrin, chiefly by the proteolytic action of plasmin, in the bloodstream of the bitten/stung organism.


mitochondrial outer membrane fusion

description: The membrane organization process that joins two mitochondrial outer membranes to form a single membrane.


name: fructose 5-dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-fructose + NADP+ = 5-dehydro-D-fructose + NADPH.


name: imaginal disc-derived appendage development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an appendage over time, from its formation in the imaginal disc to the mature structure. An appendage is an organ or part that is attached to the trunk of an organism.


rhamnulokinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-rhamnulose = ADP + L-rhamnulose 1-phosphate.


name: platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a platelet-derived growth factor receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


regulation of heme biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme.


name: lead ion transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of lead (Pb) ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + taurine = L-alanine + sulfoacetaldehyde.


name: cell wall polysaccharide biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polysaccharide destined to form part of a cell wall.


urinary tract smooth muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the urinary tract. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The urinary tract consists of organs of the body that produce and discharge urine. These include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.


name: positive regulation of septum digestion after cytokinesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process of physically separating the septal cell wall material by enzymatic digestion, that occurs after daughter cells are separated by cytokinesis.


vesicle tethering to Golgi

description: The initial, indirect interaction between a transport vesicle membrane and the membrane of the Golgi. This interaction is mediated by tethering factors (or complexes), which interact with both membranes. Interaction can occur via direct binding to membrane phospholipids or membrane proteins, or via binding to vesicle coat proteins. This process is distinct from and prior fusion.


name: positive regulation of intraciliary retrograde transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intraciliary retrograde transport.


uracil salvage

description: Any process that generates uracil, 2,4-dioxopyrimidine, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.


nicotine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotine, (S)(-)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + phosphoethanolamine = acetaldehyde + NH4 + phosphate.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host MAPK cascade

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts a MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathway in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: positive regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of morphogenesis of an epithelium.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 18-methylnonadec-1-ene.


name: somatic diversification of DSCAM-based immune receptors

description: The somatic process that results in the generation of sequence diversity of the DSCAM-based immune receptors of insects.


name: positive regulation of vasculature development

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vasculature development.


name: glial cell migration in posterior lateral line nerve

description: The movement of a glial cell along the axons in the posterior lateral line nerve.


locus ceruleus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the locus ceruleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic.


name: negative regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in bone marrow.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-glucose + long chain polyphosphate = glucose-6-phosphate + long chain polyphosphate.


name: aerobic respiration, using ferrous ions as electron donor

description: The metabolic process in which ferrous ions (Fe2+) are oxidized to ferric ions (Fe3+) to generate energy, coupled to the reduction of carbon dioxide.


name: regulation of pigment cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pigmented cell differentiation.


methylsilanetriol hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: methylsilanetriol + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + hydroxymethylsilanetriol.


undecaprenol kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + undecaprenol = ADP + undecaprenyl phosphate.


name: compound eye pigment cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a compound eye pigment cell, a cell of the retina containing screening pigments that functions to screen photoreceptors from light leaking from adjacent ommatidia.


cerebral cortex tangential migration

description: The migration of cells in the cerebral cortex in which cells move orthogonally to the direction of radial migration and do not use radial glial cell processes as substrates for migration.


name: N-terminal protein N-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) to the alpha-amino group of the N-terminal amino or imino acid residue of a protein substrate. For example, yeast Tae1p and mammalian family member METTL11A preferentially modify the N-terminal residue of substrates with the N-terminal sequence X-Pro-Lys, where X can be Pro, Ala, or Ser.


name: bicyclomycin transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of bicyclomycin from one side of a membrane to the other. Bicyclomycin (or bicozamycin) is an antibacterial drug often used as a livestock feed additive.


pentose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pentose, any monosaccharide with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.


plasmid copy number maintenance

description: The maintenance of the number of copies of extrachromosomal plasmid DNA.


response to ionizing radiation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ionizing radiation stimulus. Ionizing radiation is radiation with sufficient energy to remove electrons from atoms and may arise from spontaneous decay of unstable isotopes, resulting in alpha and beta particles and gamma rays. Ionizing radiation also includes X-rays.


name: type I hypersensitivity mediated by mast cells

description: An inflammatory response driven by antigen recognition by antibodies bound to Fc receptors on mast cells, occurring within minutes after exposure of a sensitized individual to the antigen, and leading to the release of a variety of inflammatory mediators such as histamines.


name: regulation of hair follicle cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hair follicle cell proliferation.


name: suppression by virus of host cell lysis in response to superinfection

description: The prevention or delay of host cell lysis by a pre-existing virus in response to a subsequent infection of the host cell by second virus.


single-species biofilm formation

description: A process in which planktonically growing microorganisms of the same species grow at a liquid-air interface or on a solid substrate under the flow of a liquid and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate matrix formation, resulting in a change in the organisms' growth rate and gene transcription.


glycogen (starch) synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + (1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) = UDP + (1,4)-alpha-D-glucosyl(n+1).


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-mercaptobenzothiazole-cis-6,7-dihydrodiol = 6,7-dihydroxy-2-mercaptobenzothiazole + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


dCTP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dCTP, deoxycytidine triphosphate.


SNARE complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a SNARE complex, a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers.


histone H2AT120 kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H2A-threonine (position 120) + ATP = histone H2A-phosphothreonine (position 120) + ADP. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to the threonine residue at position 120 of histone H2A.


name: regulation of endothelial cell migration

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium.


name: branching involved in submandibular gland morphogenesis

description: The process in which the branching structure of the submandibular gland is generated and organized.


name: regulation of transformation of host cell by virus

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transformation of host cell by virus.


wybutosine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving wybutosine, 3H-imidazo[1,2-alpha]purine-7-butanoic acid, 4,9-dihydro- alpha-[(methoxycarbonyl)amino]- 4,6-dimethyl-9-oxo- 3-beta-D-ribofuranosyl methyl ester, a modified nucleoside found in some tRNA molecules.


name: proline catabolic process to 2-oxoglutarate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline into other compounds, including 2-oxoglutarate.


name: membrane repolarization during SA node cell action potential

description: The process in which an SA node cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential.


spore dispersal

description: Any process in which an organism disseminates its spores.


vibriobactin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vibriobactin, the major siderophore produced by Vibrio cholerae.


name: regulation of potassium:proton exchanging ATPase activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hydrogen:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity.


name: determination of liver left/right asymmetry

description: Determination of the asymmetric location of the liver with respect to the left and right halves of the organism.


name: positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion concentration

description: Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the endoplasmic reticulum.


m-cresol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving m-cresol (3-hydroxytoluene), the meta-isoform of cresol. Used to produce agricultural chemicals, and in specialty resins, pharmaceuticals and pressure-sensitive dyes.


regulation of protein folding

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein folding.


name: histone H3K27 acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H3 L-lysine (position 27) = CoA + histone H3 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 27).


name: regulation of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle myoblast proliferation.


post-translational protein acetylation

description: The addition of an acetyl group to one or more amino acids in a protein, occurring after the protein has been completely translated and released from the ribosome.


regulation of mast cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mast cell proliferation.


name: positive regulation of apolipoprotein A-I-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apolipoprotein A-I-mediated signaling pathway.


negative regulation of neurogenesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the generation of cells within the nervous system.


name: positive regulation of viral genome replication

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.


cardiac muscle adaptation

description: The process in which cardiac muscle adapts, with consequent modifications to structural and/or functional phenotypes, in response to a stimulus. Stimuli include contractile activity, loading conditions, substrate supply, and environmental factors.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on diphenols and related substances as donors, oxygen as acceptor

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a diphenol, or related compound, acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen.


name: single-species submerged biofilm formation

description: A process in which planktonically growing microorganisms of the same species aggregate and grow on solid substrates under the flow of a liquid and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate attachment and matrix formation, resulting in a change in the organisms' growth rate and gene transcription.


name: ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process via the N-end rule pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide covalently tagged with ubiquitin, via the N-end rule pathway. In the N-end rule pathway, destabilizing N-terminal residues (N-degrons) in substrates are recognized by E3 ligases (N-recognins), whereupon the substrates are linked to ubiquitin and then delivered to the proteasome for degradation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosylmethionine + cobalt-precorrin 6B = S-adenosylhomocysteine + cobalt-precorrin 7.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: guanosine 5'-triphosphate,3'-diphosphate + H2O = guanosine 5'-diphosphate,3'-diphosphate + phosphate.


name: cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a GABAergic interneuron residing in the cerebral cortex.


name: negative regulation of maternal process involved in parturition

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of maternal process involved in parturition.


name: posterior lateral line nerve glial cell development

description: The process aimed at the progression of a glial cell in the posterior lateral line nerve over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a hydroxyjasmonate + 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate = a hydroxyjasmonate sulfate + adenosine-3',5'-diphosphate.


name: cell-cell adhesion involved in sealing an epithelial fold

description: The attachment of one cell to another cell along the edges of two epithelial folds, giving rise to the lumen of an epithelial tube.


name: envenomation resulting in negative regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant stopping, prevention or reduction of the activity of a high voltage-gated calcium channel in the bitten organism.


name: protein localization to tricellular tight junction

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a tricellular tight junction.


description: Catalysis of the movement of phosphatidylethanolamine from the exoplasmic to the cytosolic leaftlet of a membrane, using energy from the hydrolysis of ATP.


cellular lipid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids, as carried out by individual cells.


imaginal disc fusion, thorax closure

description: The joining of the parts of the wing imaginal discs, giving rise to the adult thorax.


name: soyasapogenol E UDP-glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + soyasapogenol E = UDP + a soyasapogenol E monoglucoside.


name: negative regulation of response to biotic stimulus

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a response to biotic stimulus.


cotyledon boundary formation

description: The process in which boundaries between a cotyledon and the surrounding tissue are established and maintained.


cardioblast proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of cardioblasts, resulting in the expansion of the population in the heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


embryonic brain development

description: The process occurring during the embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


esophagus smooth muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the esophagus. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The esophagus is the muscular membranous segment between the pharynx and the stomach in the upper gastrointestinal tract.


name: succinate-CoA ligase (ADP-forming) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + succinate + CoA = ADP + succinyl-CoA + phosphate.


iron-sulfur transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a iron-sulfur cluster from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


name: antigen sampling in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue

description: The process of apical-to-basolateral delivery of soluble and particulate antigens to underlying mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue.


name: regulation of nerve growth factor production

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of production of nerve growth factor (NGF).


aryl-aldehyde oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic aldehyde + O2 + H2O = an aromatic acid + hydrogen peroxide.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 6-phospho-D-gluconate + NADP+ = 6-phospho-2-dehydro-D-gluconate + NADPH.


glycine betaine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycine betaine, N-trimethylglycine.


DNA topoisomerase activity

description: Catalysis of the transient cleavage and passage of individual DNA strands or double helices through one another, resulting a topological transformation in double-stranded DNA.


cellular response to codeine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a codeine stimulus.


behavioral response to chemical pain

description: Any process that results in a change in the behaviour of an organism as a result of a chemical pain stimulus.


tensidol B biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tensidol B.


internode patterning

description: Determines the spacing between two shoot nodes. A shoot node is the region of the shoot where the spikelet, flower, floret, branch, bud and/or leaves are attached.


name: aromatic amino acid family biosynthetic process, prephenate pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phenylalanine and tyrosine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate prephenate.


threonine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.


cellular response to cocaine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cocaine stimulus. Cocaine is a crystalline alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca plant.


chondroitin B lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dermatan sulfate = n 4-deoxy-beta-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate. This reaction is the eliminative cleavage of dermatan sulfate containing 1,4-beta-D-hexosaminyl and 1,3-beta-D-glucurosonyl or 1,3-alpha-L-iduronosyl linkages to disaccharides containing 4-deoxy-beta-D-gluc-4-enuronosyl groups to yield a 4,5-unsaturated dermatan-sulfate disaccharide (DeltaUA-GalNAC-4S). Chondroitin sulfate B is also known as dermatan sulfate.


name: planar dichotomous subdivision of terminal units involved in lung branching morphogenesis

description: The process in which a lung bud bifurcates parallel to the plane of the previous bud.


akinete formation

description: The process in which an akinete, a thick-walled (encysted) dormant cell derived from the enlargement of a vegetative cell, is formed. Akinetes typically have granular cytoplasm, are more resistant to environmental extremes than vegetative cells, and are characteristic of several groups of Cyanobacteria.


name: telomerase catalytic core complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a telomerase catalytic core complex.


name: envenomation resulting in negative regulation of calcium channel activity in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant stopping, prevention or reduction of the activity of a calcium channel in the bitten organism.


colnelenate synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (10E,12Z,15Z)-9-hydroperoxyoctadeca-10,12,15-trienoate = colnelenate + H2O.


lombricine kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + lombricine = ADP + N-phospholombricine.


name: regulation of proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism

description: Any process that modulates the rate of ATP hydrolysis by an ATPase. Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism.


endothelial tube formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of an endothelial tube.


Atg1/ULK1 kinase complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an Atg1/UKL1 kinase complex.


pyridoxamine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-(aminomethyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate.


hyalurononglucosaminidase activity

description: Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4) linkages between N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronate residues in hyaluronate.


taxoid 14-beta-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 10beta-hydroxytaxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-yl acetate + O2 + NADPH + H+ = 10beta,14beta-dihydroxytaxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-yl acetate + NADP+ + H2O.


sinapate 1-glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + sinapate = UDP + 1-sinapoyl-D-glucose.


endocrine process

description: The process that involves the secretion of or response to endocrine hormones. An endocrine hormone is a hormone released into the circulatory system.


keratinocyte activation

description: A change in the morphology or behavior of a keratinocyte resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. Upon activation, keratinocytes become migratory and hyperproliferative, and produce growth factors and cytokines.


name: branched 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + [(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl](n) = UDP + a branched [(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl](n+1).


regulation of conidiophore development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores.


name: 2-haloacid dehalogenase (configuration-inverting) activity

description: Catalysis of the reactions: (S)-2-haloacid + H2O = (R)-2-hydroxyacid + halide, and (R)-2-haloacid + H2O = (S)-2-hydroxyacid + halide.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxymellein + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 6-methoxymellein + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


name: positive regulation of nodal signaling pathway

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of nodal signaling pathway.


basophil homeostasis

description: The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of basophils such that the total number of basophils within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus.


name: protein histidyl modification to diphthamide

description: The modification of peptidyl-histidine to 2'-(3-carboxamido-3-(trimethylammonio)propyl)-L-histidine, known as diphthamide, found in translation elongation factor EF-2. The process occurs in eukaryotes and archaea but not eubacteria.


name: ventral spinal cord interneuron differentiation

description: The process in which neuroepithelial cells in the neural tube acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of ventral spinal cord interneurons. Ventral spinal cord interneurons are cells located in the ventral portion of the spinal cord that transmit signals between sensory and motor neurons and are required for reflexive responses. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


integrin activation

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of an integrin, a heterodimeric adhesion receptor formed by the non-covalent association of particular alpha and beta subunits, that lead to the increased affinity of the integrin for its extracellular ligands.


nitrogen-oxygen hydrolyase activity

description: Catalysis of the breakage of a nitrogen-oxygen bond by means other than hydrolysis and oxidation.


name: C4-dicarboxylate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of C4-dicarboxylate from one side of a membrane to the other.


cell junction disassembly

description: The disaggregation of a cell junction into its constituent components.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + heparan alpha-D-glucosaminide = CoA + heparan N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminide.


6-oxocampestanol hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + 6-oxocampestanol + O2 + NADPH = cathasterone + H2O + NADP.


name: cis-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (NADPH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + NADP+ = cis-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + NADPH.


name: epithelial cell differentiation involved in salivary gland development

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of an epithelial cell of the salivary gland.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-sulfoquinovose + 1,2-diacylglycerol = sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol + UDP.


name: regulation of cellular response to oxidopamine

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to oxidopamine.


name: presynaptic process involved in chemical synaptic transmission

description: The pathway leading to secretion of a neurotransmitter from the presynapse as part of synaptic transmission.


regulation of oogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oogenesis.


name: 9-cis-10'-apo-beta-carotenal cleavage oxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 9-cis-10'-apo-beta-carotenal + 2 O2 = carlactone + (2E,4E,6E)-7-hydroxy-4-methylhepta-2,4,6-trienal.


name: negative regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium concentration

description: Any process that decreases the concentration of calcium ions in the presynaptic cytosol.


neuromedin U receptor activity

description: Combining with neuromedin U to initiate a change in cell activity.


adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a ligand binding to an adrenergic receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


regulation of aspartate secretion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of aspartate secretion.


response to nematode

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a nematode.


periplasmic space organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the periplasmic space, the region between the inner (cytoplasmic) and outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria, or the inner membrane and cell wall in fungi.


ribonuclease P RNA binding

description: Binding to RNA subunit of ribonuclease P.


reelin-mediated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of reelin (a secreted glycoprotein) to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: regulation of sodium-dependent phosphate transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sodium-dependent phosphate transport.


secondary-alcohol oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: secondary alcohol + O2 = H2O2 + ketone.


interleukin-32 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-32 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: protein-phosphocysteine-mannitol phosphotransferase system transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein S-phosphocysteine + mannitol(out) = protein cysteine + mannitol phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


ATP phosphoribosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)-ATP + diphosphate = ATP + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.


name: positive regulation of intestinal epithelial structure maintenance

description: Any process the increases the rate, frequency or extent of intestinal epithelial structure maintenance, a tissue homeostatic process required for the maintenance of the structure of the intestinal epithelium.


name: negative regulation of phospholipid transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipid transport.


peptidyl-isoleucine modification

description: The modification of peptidyl-isoleucine.


name: negative regulation of intestinal phytosterol absorption

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of phytosterols into the blood by absorption from the small intestine.


lens induction in camera-type eye

description: Signaling at short range between the head ectoderm and the optic vesicle that results in the head ectoderm forming a lens.


name: regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in programmed necrotic cell death

description: Any regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability that is involved in programmed necrotic cell death.


name: lyso-ornithine lipid acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: lyso-ornithine lipid + acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = ornithine lipid + [acyl-carrier protein].


name: maintenance of protease location in T cell secretory granule

description: A process in which a protease is maintained in a secretory granule in a T cell and prevented from moving elsewhere.


Purkinje myocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a Purkinje myocyte (also known as cardiac Purkinje fiber cell). These cells are specialized cardiomyocytes that receive signals from the bundle of His and innervate the ventricular cardiac muscle.


olfactory pit development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the olfactory pit from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the olfactory pit, which is an indentation of the olfactory placode, and ends when the pits hollows out to form the nasopharynx.


costunolide 3beta-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: costunolide + NADPH + O2 + H+ = 3beta-hydroxycostunolide + NADP + H2O.


name: positive regulation of synaptic vesicle clustering

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle clustering.


interleukin-17A receptor activity

description: Combining with the cytokine interleukin-17A and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: negative regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell extravasation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell extravasation.


basophil mediated immunity

description: Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a basophil.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: biochanin-A + malonyl-CoA = 6'-malonyl-biochanin A + CoA.


description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues in N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminides.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetyl-beta-4-D-glucose + H2O = H+ + indole-3-acetate + beta-D-glucose.


osteoblast proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of osteoblasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoblast cell population. An osteoblast is a bone-forming cell which secretes an extracellular matrix. Hydroxyapatite crystals are then deposited into the matrix to form bone.


name: regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion.


fructosamine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fructosamine, a fructose molecule containing an amino group in place of a hydroxyl group.


carbon tetrachloride metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbon tetrachloride, a toxic, carcinogenic compound which is used as a general solvent in industrial degreasing operations. It is also used as grain fumigant and a chemical intermediate in the production of refrigerants.


regulation of Golgi lumen acidification

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Golgi lumen acidification.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-beta-ethynylserine. L-beta-ethynylserine is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces bacteria.


name: acetylenic compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an acetylenic compound, any compound which contains a carbon-carbon triple bond (aka C#C).


name: formate dehydrogenase (cytochrome) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: formate + ferricytochrome b1 = CO2 + ferrocytochrome b1.


name: FAD-dependent histone H3K9me/H3K9me2 demethylase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from a di- or a monomethyl-lysine residue at position 9 of the histone H3 protein. This is a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent amine oxidation reaction.


name: histidine phosphotransfer kinase activity

description: Serves as a phospho-His intermediate enabling the transfer of phospho group between a hybrid kinase and a response regulator.


protein localization to microvillus

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a microvillus.


hydrocarbon catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a hydrocarbon, a compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host translation

description: A process in which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the translation of host mRNA into protein, for example by cleavage of the host mRNAs. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: vestibulocochlear nerve structural organization

description: The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the vestibulocochlear nerve. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. This sensory nerve innervates the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The vestibular branch innervates the vestibular apparatus that senses head position changes relative to gravity. The auditory branch innervates the cochlear duct, which is connected to the three bony ossicles which transduce sound waves into fluid movement in the cochlea.


hyaloid vascular plexus regression

description: The developmental process in which the hyaloid vascular plexus is destroyed as a part of its normal progression.


name: antigen processing and presentation, exogenous lipid antigen via MHC class Ib

description: The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses lipid antigen of exogenous origin in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex on its cell surface. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the CD1 family.


paternal behavior

description: Male behaviors associated with the care and rearing offspring.


name: dihydrocamalexic acid decarboxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrocamalexic acid = camalexin + CO2 + H+.


siroheme metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving siroheme, a tetrahydroporphyrin with adjacent, reduced pyrrole rings.


regulation of nodal signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nodal signaling pathway.


retinal metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving retinal, a compound that plays an important role in the visual process in most vertebrates. In the retina, retinal combines with opsins to form visual pigments. Retinal is one of the forms of vitamin A.


name: positive regulation of mesenchymal stem cell migration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell migration.


name: urokinase plasminogen activator signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by urokinase plasminogen activator binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


cellular response to potassium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a potassium ion stimulus.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host signal transduction pathway via antagonism of host cell surface receptor

description: A process by which a symbiont alters or subverts a host cell surface receptor-mediated signal transduction pathway by binding to and inhibiting the receptor of the pathway. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


urotensin II receptor activity

description: Combining with urotensin II to initiate a change in cell activity.


description: Catalyzes the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-xylose + [protein with EGF-like domain]-3-O-(alpha-D-xylosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl)-L-serine = UDP + [protein with EGF-like domain]-3-O-(alpha-D-xylosyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-xylosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucosyl)-L-serine. The enzyme, found in animals and insects, is involved in the biosynthesis of the alpha-D-xylosyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-xylosyl-(1->3)- beta-D-glucosyl trisaccharide on epidermal growth factor-like (EGF- like) domains.


name: regulation of adenylate cyclase activity involved in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase (AC) activity that is an integral part of a G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.


name: regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway.


GU repeat RNA binding

description: Binding to an RNA molecule containing GU repeats.


name: negative regulation of smooth muscle cell migration

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell migration.


description: The monomethylation of the N-terminal alanine of proteins to form the derivative peptidyl-N-methyl-L-alanine.


paclitaxel biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of paclitaxel, a tetracyclic diterpenoid isolated originally from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, Taxus brevifolia.


manchette assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a manchette.


name: negative regulation of retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi.


name: convergent extension involved in rhombomere morphogenesis

description: Any convergent extension that is involved in rhombomere morphogenesis.


epinephrine-mediated vasodilation

description: A vasodilation process resulting from secretion of epinephrine into the bloodstream or released by nerve endings.


name: peptidyl-histidine methylation, to form pros-methylhistidine

description: The methylation of peptidyl-L-histidine to form peptidyl-L-3'-methyl-L-histidine (otherwise known as pi-methylhistidine, pros-methylhistidine).


name: organ boundary specification between lateral organs and the meristem

description: The process in which boundaries between lateral organs and the meristem is established and maintained.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (6AS,11AS)-3,6A,9-trihydroxypterocarpan + dimethylallyl-pyrophosphate = glyceollin + diphosphate.


G-quadruplex DNA formation

description: A DNA metabolic process that results in the formation of G-quadruplex DNA structures, in which groups of four guanines adopt a flat, cyclic Hoogsteen hydrogen-bonding arrangement known as a guanine tetrad or G-quartet. The stacking of several layers of G-quartets forms G-quadruplexes, in which one or more DNA single strands are assembled in parallel and/or antiparallel, with interactions that can be either intra- or intermolecular in nature.


description: The nucleotide-excision repair process that carries out preferential repair of DNA lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex. In addition, the transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair pathway is required for the recognition and repair of a small subset of lesions that are not recognized by the global genome nucleotide excision repair pathway.


name: mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development

description: The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population of the ureter, that contributes to ureter development.


name: multicellular organismal-level iron ion homeostasis

description: A chemical homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of iron within extracellular body fluids, such as blood, xylem or phloem, of a multicellular organism. This is distinct from maintenance of cellular homeostasis, which occurs within a cell.


amorpha-4,11-diene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = amorpha-4,11-diene + diphosphate.


lateral pseudopodium retraction

description: The myosin-based contraction and retraction of a lateral pseudopodium.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + isoliquiritigenin = 2'-O-methylisoliquiritigenin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


aggresome assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an aggresome; requires the microtubule cytoskeleton and dynein.


regulation of DNA strand elongation

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of DNA strand elongation. DNA strand elongation is the DNA metabolic process in which an existing DNA strand is extended by activities including the addition of nucleotides to the 3' end of the strand.


name: clearance of cells from fusion plate by epithelial to mesenchymal transition

description: The process of epithelial to mesenchymal transition that contributes to the shaping of the semicircular canal by effectively removing epithelial cells from the fusion plate, forming the loops of the canals.


caffeate O-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 3,4-dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate.


7,8-dihydromonapterin aldolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydromonapterin = glycolaldehyde + 2-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)-7,8-dihydropteridin-4-ol.


mitochondrial unfolded protein response

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the presence of unfolded proteins in the mitochondrial matrix; results in transcriptional upregulation of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial stress proteins.


response to perphenazine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a perphenazine stimulus. Perphenazine is a phenothiazine derivative having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at the N-10 position.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: CDP-choline + ceramide = CMP + H+ + sphingomyelin.


ligamentous ossification

description: Ossification wherein bone tissue forms within ligamentous tissue.


bile acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving bile acids, a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine.


name: negative regulation of behavioral fear response

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of behavioral fear response.


name: dermatan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process, polysaccharide chain biosynthetic process

description: The elongation of dermatan sulfate proteoglycan chains by alternate addition of N-acetylhexosamine and GlcUA residues to the GAG-protein linkage region tetrasaccharide of dermatan sulfate.


CUG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CUG codon.


name: protein localization to juxtaparanode region of axon

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the juxtaparanode region of an axon.


lung lobe development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung lobe from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of a lung lobe by branching morphogenesis and ends with the mature structure. A lung lobe is one of the rounded projections that compose the lung.


dAMP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dAMP, deoxyadenosine monophosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate).


regulation of R7 cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of R7 differentiation.


casbene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate = casbene + diphosphate.


name: mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureteric bud development

description: The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population of the ureteric bud, that contributes to ureteric bud development.


name: negative regulation of development of symbiont in host

description: Any process in which the symbiont stops, prevents or reduces its progression from an initial condition to a later condition, within the cells or tissues of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in the symbiotic interaction.


anaerobic pectin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues, in the absence of oxygen.


name: dihydroneopterin triphosphate 2'-epimerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dihydroneopterin triphosphate = dihydromonapterin-triphosphate.


name: benzil reductase [(S)-benzoin-forming] activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-benzoin + NADP(3-) = benzil + NADPH(4-) + H+.


name: positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation.


response to chondroitin 4'-sulfate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chondroitin 4'-sulfate stimulus.


(+)-kotanin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (+)-kotanin.


name: positive regulation of mRNA modification

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA molecule to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.


name: protein localization to ciliary transition zone

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a ciliary transition zone.


aerobactin synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + N2-citryl-N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine + N6-acetyl-N6-hydroxy-L-lysine = aerobactin + AMP + diphosphate + H+.