rough endoplasmic reticulum

description: The rough (or granular) endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has ribosomes adhering to the outer surface; the ribosomes are the site of translation of the mRNA for those proteins which are either to be retained within the cisternae (ER-resident proteins), the proteins of the lysosomes, or the proteins destined for export from the cell. Glycoproteins undergo their initial glycosylation within the cisternae.


name: protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the endoplasmic reticulum.


protein targeting to ER

description: The process of directing proteins towards the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) using signals contained within the protein. One common mechanism uses a 16- to 30-residue signal sequence, typically located at the N-terminus of the protein and containing positively charged amino acids followed by a continuous stretch of hydrophobic residues, which directs the ribosome to the ER membrane and initiates transport of the growing polypeptide across the ER membrane.


name: establishment of protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum

description: The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the endoplasmic reticulum.


name: SODIUM LEAK CHANNEL NON-SELECTIVE PROTEIN


name: positive regulation of synaptic transmission

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse.


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 3-11-RELATED


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 3-23-RELATED


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN LAMBDA CONSTANT 2-RELATED


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 3-53-RELATED


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 2-70-RELATED


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 3-30-RELATED


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN V-SET DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN LAMBDA-LIKE POLYPEPTIDE 1


name: NON-FUNCTIONAL IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 7-81-RELATED


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 1-69-RELATED


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 4-30-2-RELATED


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN LAMBDA CONSTANT 1-RELATED


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 5-10-1-RELATED


name: NON-FUNCTIONAL IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 1-38-4-RELATED


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 3_OR16-13 (NON-FUNCTIONAL)


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 3-43-RELATED


name: NON-FUNCTIONAL IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY VARIABLE 8-51-1-RELATED


Opioid prodynorphin pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent


name: TRANSMEMBRANE EMP24 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN


name: TRANSMEMBRANE EMP24 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 3


name: TRANSMEMBRANE EMP24 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 6


name: TRANSMEMBRANE EMP24 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


name: TRANSMEMBRANE EMP24 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2


name: TRANSMEMBRANE EMP24 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 10


name: TRANSMEMBRANE EMP24 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 7


name: TRANSMEMBRANE EMP24 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 9


name: TRANSMEMBRANE EMP24 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 4


name: TRANSMEMBRANE EMP24 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 5


name: endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A complex system of membrane-bounded compartments located between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi complex, with a distinctive membrane protein composition; involved in ER-to-Golgi and Golgi-to-ER transport.


name: CAP-GLY DOMAIN-CONTAINING LINKER PROTEIN 4


name: CAP-GLY DOMAIN-CONTAINING LINKER PROTEIN 3


name: CAP-GLY DOMAIN-CONTAINING LINKER PROTEIN 2


name: CAP-GLY DOMAIN-CONTAINING LINKER PROTEIN 1


microtubule plus-end

description: The growing (plus) end of a microtubule. In vitro, microtubules polymerize more quickly at the plus end than at the minus end. In vivo, microtubule growth occurs only at the plus end, and the plus end switches between periods of growth and shortening, a behavior known as dynamic instability.


name: TROPONIN C, SLOW SKELETAL AND CARDIAC MUSCLES


name: INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST PROTEIN


name: INTERLEUKIN-36 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST PROTEIN


SNARE complex

description: A protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers. One well-characterized example is the neuronal SNARE complex formed of synaptobrevin 2, syntaxin 1a, and SNAP-25.


name: Alpha adrenergic receptor signaling pathway


SNAP receptor activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Acting as a marker to identify a membrane and interacting selectively with one or more SNAREs on another membrane to mediate membrane fusion.


vesicle fusion to plasma membrane

description: Fusion of the membrane of a vesicle with the plasma membrane, thereby releasing its contents into the extracellular space.


name: CILIATED LEFT-RIGHT ORGANIZER METALLOPEPTIDASE


name: INTERFERON-RELATED DEVELOPMENTAL REGULATOR 2


name: INTERFERON-RELATED DEVELOPMENTAL REGULATOR 1


name: EUKARYOTE SPECIFIC DSRNA BINDING PROTEIN


name: ADENOSINE DEAMINASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2


name: ADENOSINE DEAMINASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


name: DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA-SPECIFIC ADENOSINE DEAMINASE


name: hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amidines

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a cyclic amidine, a compound of the form R-C(=NH)-NH2.


adenosine deaminase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: adenosine + H2O = inosine + NH3.


name: tRNA-specific adenosine deaminase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: adenosine + H2O = inosine + NH3, in a tRNA molecule.


name: hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any carbon-nitrogen bond, C-N, with the exception of peptide bonds.


deaminase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of an amino group from a substrate, producing a substituted or nonsubstituted ammonia (NH3/NH2R).


adenosine to inosine editing

description: The conversion of an adenosine residue to inosine in an RNA molecule by deamination.


name: endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the presence of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or other ER-related stress; results in changes in the regulation of transcription and translation.


response to unfolded protein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus.


cellular response to unfolded protein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus.


name: ENDOTHELIAL ZINC FINGER PROTEIN INDUCED BY TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA


name: ZINC FINGER AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 16


cell adhesion mediated by integrin

description: The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via an integrin, a heterodimeric adhesion receptor formed by the non-covalent association of particular alpha and beta subunits.


leukocyte cell-cell adhesion

description: The attachment of a leukocyte to another cell via adhesion molecules.


name: ATP SYNTHASE EPSILON CHAIN, MITOCHONDRIAL


name: ATP SYNTHASE SUBUNIT EPSILON-LIKE PROTEIN, MITOCHONDRIAL


name: ATP SYNTHASE SUBUNIT EPSILON, MITOCHONDRIAL


proton channel activity

description: Enables the facilitated diffusion of a hydrogen ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism.


name: proton-transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism

description: Enables the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate by the transfer of protons from one side of a membrane to the other by a rotational mechanism driven by a gradient according to the reaction: ADP + H2O + phosphate + H+(in) -> ATP + H+(out).


ATP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.


name: energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds

description: The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from organic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released.


name: purine ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


name: purine nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of purine nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to a ribose or deoxyribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


aerobic respiration

description: The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which requires oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor.


cellular respiration

description: The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which either requires oxygen (aerobic respiration) or does not (anaerobic respiration).


name: generation of precursor metabolites and energy

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances.


name: ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ribonucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


name: proton motive force-driven ATP synthesis

description: The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis.


oxidative phosphorylation

description: The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis.


name: nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside triphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with triphosphate on the sugar.


name: KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 6A-RELATED


name: KERATIN, TYPE II CYTOSKELETAL 2 EPIDERMAL


intermediate filament

description: A cytoskeletal structure that forms a distinct elongated structure, characteristically 10 nm in diameter, that occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Intermediate filaments form a fibrous system, composed of chemically heterogeneous subunits and involved in mechanically integrating the various components of the cytoplasmic space. Intermediate filaments may be divided into five chemically distinct classes: Type I, acidic keratins; Type II, basic keratins; Type III, including desmin, vimentin and others; Type IV, neurofilaments and related filaments; and Type V, lamins.


intermediate filament cytoskeleton

description: Cytoskeletal structure made from intermediate filaments, typically organized in the cytosol as an extended system that stretches from the nuclear envelope to the plasma membrane. Some intermediate filaments run parallel to the cell surface, while others traverse the cytosol; together they form an internal framework that helps support the shape and resilience of the cell.


keratin filament

description: A filament composed of acidic and basic keratins (types I and II), typically expressed in epithelial cells. The keratins are the most diverse classes of IF proteins, with a large number of keratin isoforms being expressed. Each type of epithelium always expresses a characteristic combination of type I and type II keratins.


epidermal cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epidermal cell, any of the cells making up the epidermis.


skin development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skin is the external membranous integument of an animal. In vertebrates the skin generally consists of two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular epidermis (cuticle or skarfskin) composed of cells which are constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off in the superficial layers, as well as an inner vascular dermis (cutis, corium or true skin) composed mostly of connective tissue.


epidermis development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the epidermis over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The epidermis is the outer epithelial layer of an animal, it may be a single layer that produces an extracellular material (e.g. the cuticle of arthropods) or a complex stratified squamous epithelium, as in the case of many vertebrate species.


name: SERINE_THREONINE-PROTEIN KINASE PRP4 HOMOLOG


transcription factor TFIIH holo complex

description: A complex that is capable of kinase activity directed towards the C-terminal Domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and is essential for initiation at RNA polymerase II promoters in vitro. It is composed of the core TFIIH complex and the TFIIK complex.


name: cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity

description: Cyclin-dependent catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.


name: cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity

description: Cyclin-dependent catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate.


cyclin binding

description: Binding to cyclins, proteins whose levels in a cell varies markedly during the cell cycle, rising steadily until mitosis, then falling abruptly to zero. As cyclins reach a threshold level, they are thought to drive cells into G2 phase and thus to mitosis.


G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle

description: The mitotic cell cycle transition by which a cell in G2 commits to M phase. The process begins when the kinase activity of M cyclin/CDK complex reaches a threshold high enough for the cell cycle to proceed. This is accomplished by activating a positive feedback loop that results in the accumulation of unphosphorylated and active M cyclin/CDK complex.


cell cycle G2/M phase transition

description: The cell cycle process by which a cell in G2 phase commits to M phase.


Golgi stack

description: The set of thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments, called cisternae, that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. The stack usually comprises cis, medial, and trans cisternae; the cis- and trans-Golgi networks are not considered part of the stack.


name: Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport

description: The directed movement of proteins from the Golgi to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles that move from the trans-Golgi network to the plasma membrane.


name: CHORIOGONADOTROPIN SUBUNIT BETA 3-RELATED


name: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor signaling pathway


name: MEDIATOR OF RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTION, SUBUNIT 18


name: MEDIATOR OF RNA POLYMERASE II TRANSCRIPTION SUBUNIT 18


core mediator complex

description: A protein complex that interacts with the carboxy-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and plays an active role in transducing the signal from a transcription factor to the transcriptional machinery. The core mediator complex has a stimulatory effect on basal transcription, and contains most of the same subdomains as the larger form of mediator complex -- a head domain comprising proteins known in Saccharomyces as Srb2, -4, and -5, Med6, -8, and -11, and Rox3 proteins; a middle domain comprising Med1, -4, and -7, Nut1 and -2, Cse2, Rgr1, Soh1, and Srb7 proteins; and a tail consisting of Gal11p, Med2p, Pgd1p, and Sin4p -- but lacks the regulatory subcomplex comprising Ssn2, -3, and -8, and Srb8 proteins. Metazoan core mediator complexes have similar modular structures and include homologs of yeast Srb and Med proteins.


name: ZINC FINGER AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 7A


name: ZINC FINGER AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 7C


name: ZINC FINGER AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 22


name: ZINC FINGER AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 43


name: ZINC FINGER AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 7B


name: ZINC FINGER AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 9


name: ZINC FINGER AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 8A


name: SYNAPTONEMAL COMPLEX CENTRAL ELEMENT PROTEIN 1-LIKE


name: SYNAPTONEMAL COMPLEX CENTRAL ELEMENT PROTEIN 1


condensed nuclear chromosome

description: A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct nuclear chromosome.


synaptonemal structure

description: A proteinaceous scaffold found between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.


synaptonemal complex

description: A proteinaceous scaffold found between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. It consists of 2 lateral elements and a central element, all running parallel to each other. Transverse filaments connect the lateral elements to the central element.


name: TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR S-II ZINC FINGER DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN


name: TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION FACTOR A PROTEIN 2


name: TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION FACTOR A PROTEIN 3


name: TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION FACTOR A N-TERMINAL AND CENTRAL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2


name: TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION FACTOR A N-TERMINAL AND CENTRAL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN


name: TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION FACTOR A PROTEIN 1


Seh1-associated complex

description: A GTPase-activating protein (GAP) complex that regulates TORC1 signaling by interacting with the Rag GTPase. In S. cerevisiae the complex contains Seh1p, Sec13p, Npr2p, Npr3p, Iml1p, Mtc5p, Rtc1p, and Sea4p.


regulation of TORC1 signaling

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of TORC1 signaling.


negative regulation of TOR signaling

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of TOR signaling.


negative regulation of TORC1 signaling

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of TORC1 signaling.


name: CHLORIDE CHANNEL PROTEIN CLC FAMILY MEMBER


name: PAIRED-LIKE HOMEODOMAIN TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR LEUTX


name: SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE ASSEMBLY FACTOR 3, MITOCHONDRIAL


mitochondrial intermembrane space

description: The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the mitochondrial envelope.


dicarboxylic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing two carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-).


name: mitochondrial respiratory chain complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a mitochondrial respiratory chain complex.


name: mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex II, in the mitochondrial inner membrane.


name: TISSUE-RESIDENT T-CELL TRANSCRIPTION REGULATOR PROTEIN ZNF683


name: CHYMOTRYPSIN-LIKE ELASTASE FAMILY MEMBER


name: CHYMOTRYPSIN-LIKE ELASTASE FAMILY MEMBER 3A


name: CHYMOTRYPSIN-LIKE ELASTASE FAMILY MEMBER 2A


name: CHYMOTRYPSIN-LIKE ELASTASE FAMILY MEMBER 1


name: CHYMOTRYPSIN-LIKE ELASTASE FAMILY MEMBER 3B


name: CHYMOTRYPSIN-LIKE ELASTASE FAMILY MEMBER 2B


acute inflammatory response

description: Inflammation which comprises a rapid, short-lived, relatively uniform response to acute injury or antigenic challenge and is characterized by accumulations of fluid, plasma proteins, and granulocytic leukocytes. An acute inflammatory response occurs within a matter of minutes or hours, and either resolves within a few days or becomes a chronic inflammatory response.


name: LATE SECRETORY PATHWAY PROTEIN AVL9-RELATED


name: LATE SECRETORY PATHWAY PROTEIN AVL9 HOMOLOG


name: KDEL  LYS-ASP-GLU-LEU  CONTAINING - RELATED


glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a glucosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid.


pyridine nucleotide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base.


name: pyridine-containing compound metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pyridine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains pyridine or a formal derivative thereof.


name: nicotinamide nucleotide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinamide.


name: nucleoside diphosphate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar.


glycolytic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a carbohydrate into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP and the reduction of NAD(P) to NAD(P)H. Glycolysis begins with the metabolism of a carbohydrate to generate products that can enter the pathway and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to acetyl-coenzyme A, ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules.


name: nucleoside diphosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleoside diphosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with diphosphate on the sugar.


name: IQ MOTIF AND SEC7 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2


name: IQ MOTIF AND SEC7 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


name: BREFELDIN A-INHIBITED GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE-EXCHANGE PROTEIN 2


name: BREFELDIN A-INHIBITED GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE-EXCHANGE PROTEIN 3


name: BREFELDIN A-INHIBITED GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE-EXCHANGE PROTEIN 1


name: IQ MOTIF AND SEC7 DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 3


name: GOLGI-SPECIFIC BREFELDIN A-RESISTANCE GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR 1


antiporter activity

description: Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported in opposite directions in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. The reaction is: solute A(out) + solute B(in) = solute A(in) + solute B(out).


metal cation:proton antiporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: metal ion(in) + H+(out) = metal ion(out) + H+(in).


regulation of intracellular pH

description: Any process that modulates the internal pH of a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


regulation of pH

description: Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of hydrogen ions, thereby modulating the internal pH, within an organism or cell.


regulation of cellular pH

description: Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of hydrogen ions (protons) within a cell or between a cell and its external environment.


name: EXCISION REPAIR CROSS-COMPLEMENTING 1 ERCC1


nucleotide-excision repair complex

description: Any complex formed of proteins that act in nucleotide-excision repair.


response to UV

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ultraviolet radiation (UV light) stimulus. Ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 380 nanometers.


mitotic recombination

description: The exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between one DNA molecule and a homologous DNA region that occurs during mitotic cell cycles.


cellular response to light stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light.


name: N-ACYL-AROMATIC-L-AMINO ACID AMIDOHYDROLASE (CARBOXYLATE-FORMING)


name: hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a linear amide.


circadian regulation of gene expression

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression such that an expression pattern recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.


name: Beta1 adrenergic receptor signaling pathway


name: SPERMIDINE_SPERMINE N(1)-ACETYLTRANSFERASE-LIKE PROTEIN 1


N-acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule.


amine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom.


polyamine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyamines, any organic compound containing two or more amino groups.


biogenic amine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways occurring at the level of individual cells involving any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters.


name: NEURONAL ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-9


name: NEURONAL ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-4


name: NEURONAL ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-6


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT RHO-1


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-2


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT BETA-1


name: NEURONAL ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT BETA-4


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT BETA-3


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT GAMMA-3


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-4


name: NEURONAL ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-7


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT EPSILON


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT RHO-2


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-5


name: NEURONAL ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT BETA-3


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT DELTA


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT GAMMA-1


name: NEURONAL ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-5


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT RHO-3


name: NEURONAL ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-2


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-1


name: NEURONAL ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-10


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT PI


name: NEURONAL ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT BETA-2


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT BETA-2


name: NEURONAL ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-3


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-3


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT GAMMA-2


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT THETA


name: GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID RECEPTOR SUBUNIT ALPHA-6


name: transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

description: Any transmitter-gated ion channel activity that is involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential.


name: excitatory extracellular ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts, where channel opening contributes to an increase in membrane potential.


name: extracellular ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


membrane depolarization

description: The process in which membrane potential decreases with respect to its steady-state potential, usually from negative potential to a more positive potential. For example, the initial depolarization during the rising phase of an action potential is in the direction from the negative steady-state resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


name: regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

description: Any process that modulates the potential difference across a post-synaptic membrane.


name: CCR4-NOT TRANSCRIPTION COMPLEX SUBUNIT 1


CCR4-NOT complex

description: The Ccr4-Not complex is an eukaryotically conserved deadenylase that can initiate cytoplasmic mRNA decay, and reduce translation by releasing poly(A)-binding protein (Pab1/PABPC1). Ccr4-Not contains seven core subunits, including two poly(A)-specific exonucleases, Ccr4/CNOT6/CNOT6L and Caf1/Pop2/CNOT7/CNOT8.


name: TRANSMEMBRANE GAMMA-CARBOXYGLUTAMIC ACID PROTEIN 4


name: TRANSMEMBRANE GAMMA-CARBOXYGLUTAMIC ACID PROTEIN 3


name: TRANSMEMBRANE GAMMA-CARBOXYGLUTAMIC ACID PROTEIN 2


name: TRANSMEMBRANE GAMMA-CARBOXYGLUTAMIC ACID PROTEIN 1


name: GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 1


name: DUAL SPECIFICITY MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 5-RELATED


name: DUAL SPECIFICITY MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 7


name: DUAL SPECIFICITY MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 1


name: DUAL SPECIFICITY MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 4


name: DUAL SPECIFICITY MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 6


name: DUAL SPECIFICITY MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 3


name: DUAL SPECIFICITY MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 5


name: DUAL SPECIFICITY MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE 2


MAPK cascade

description: An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAP kinase (MAPK). It starts with the activation of a MAP3K, and the consecutive activation of a MPK2K and a MAPK. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinase in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.


stress-activated MAPK cascade

description: A MAPK cascade that starts with the activation of a stress-activated MAP kinase cascade.


name: LIPOCALIN_CYTOSOLIC FATTY-ACID BINDING DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN


bioactive lipid receptor activity

description: Combining with a bioactive lipid and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. A bioactive lipid is a lipid for which changes in lipid levels result in functional consequences in a variety of cellular processes.


name: DEHYDROGENASE/REDUCTASE (SDR FAMILY) MEMBER 4


name: DEHYDROGENASE_REDUCTASE SDR FAMILY MEMBER 4-RELATED


name: DEHYDROGENASE_REDUCTASE SDR FAMILY MEMBER 2, MITOCHONDRIAL


name: DEHYDROGENASE_REDUCTASE SDR FAMILY MEMBER 4-LIKE 1-RELATED


name: WILMS TUMOR PROTEIN 1-INTERACTING PROTEIN


response to hypoxia

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.


response to oxygen levels

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of oxygen.


name: RAL GTPASE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN SUBUNIT BETA


name: MITOCHONDRIAL BROWN FAT UNCOUPLING PROTEIN 1


name: MITOCHONDRIAL 2-OXOGLUTARATE_MALATE CARRIER PROTEIN


name: succinate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of succinate, the dianion of ethane dicarboxylic acid, from one side of a membrane to the other.


succinate transport

description: The directed movement of succinate, the dianion of ethane dicarboxylic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


dicarboxylic acid transport

description: The directed movement of dicarboxylic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


C4-dicarboxylate transport

description: The directed movement of a C4-dicarboxylate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A C4-dicarboxylate is the anion of a dicarboxylic acid that contains four carbon atoms.


response to cold

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism.


response to temperature stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a temperature stimulus.


name: CALMODULIN-BINDING TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATOR  CAMTA


name: CALMODULIN-BINDING TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATOR 1


name: CALMODULIN-BINDING TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATOR 2


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN SUBTYPE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN-RELATED


name: LEUKOCYTE-ASSOCIATED IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR 2


name: KILLER CELL IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR 2DL5A-RELATED


name: LEUKOCYTE IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR SUBFAMILY B MEMBER 4


name: KILLER CELL IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KIR3DX1-RELATED


name: V-SET AND TRANSMEMBRANE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


name: KILLER CELL IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR 3DL1-RELATED


name: LEUKOCYTE IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR SUBFAMILY A MEMBER 1-RELATED


name: LEUKOCYTE IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR SUBFAMILY B MEMBER 5


name: LEUKOCYTE IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR SUBFAMILY A MEMBER 6-RELATED


name: NATURAL CYTOTOXICITY TRIGGERING RECEPTOR 1


name: LEUKOCYTE IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR SUBFAMILY A MEMBER 5


name: KILLER CELL IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR 2DL4


name: LEUKOCYTE IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR SUBFAMILY A MEMBER 4


name: KILLER CELL IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR 3DL3


name: LEUKOCYTE-ASSOCIATED IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR 1


name: LEUKOCYTE IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR SUBFAMILY A MEMBER 2


name: LEUKOCYTE IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR SUBFAMILY A MEMBER 3-RELATED


name: T-CELL-INTERACTING, ACTIVATING RECEPTOR ON MYELOID CELLS PROTEIN 1


name: COX ASSEMBLY MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEIN HOMOLOG


name: COX ASSEMBLY MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEIN 2 HOMOLOG


name: PH DOMAIN LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2


name: VOLUME-REGULATED ANION CHANNEL SUBUNIT LRRC8D


name: PH DOMAIN LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 1


name: VOLUME-REGULATED ANION CHANNEL SUBUNIT LRRC8A


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 28


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 59


name: MALIGNANT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA-AMPLIFIED SEQUENCE 1


name: P53-INDUCED DEATH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 30


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 69


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 18


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT SERINE_THREONINE-PROTEIN KINASE 2


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 58


name: VOLUME-REGULATED ANION CHANNEL SUBUNIT LRRC8B


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 40


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 39


name: VOLUME-REGULATED ANION CHANNEL SUBUNIT LRRC8E


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 63


name: VOLUME-REGULATED ANION CHANNEL SUBUNIT LRRC8C


MAP kinase kinase kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase kinase; each MAP kinase kinase can be phosphorylated by any of several MAP kinase kinase kinases.


aspartate transmembrane transport

description: The process in which aspartate is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other.


cell fate specification

description: The cellular developmental process involved in cell fate commitment in which the cell is designated to follow a developmental path, unless they receive extrinsic cues that direct an alternative fate.


mesoderm formation

description: The process that gives rise to the mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts.


mesoderm morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the mesoderm are generated and organized.


heart morphogenesis

description: The developmental process in which the heart is generated and organized. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.


mesoderm development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesoderm is the middle germ layer that develops into muscle, bone, cartilage, blood and connective tissue.


name: central nervous system neuron differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuron whose cell body resides in the central nervous system.


detoxification

description: Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of a toxic substance. These may include transport of the toxic substance away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance.


response to toxic substance

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus.


name: INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR BINDING PROTEIN-RELATED


name: INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 1


name: KAZAL-TYPE SERINE PROTEASE INHIBITOR DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


name: INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-BINDING PROTEIN 7


BBSome

description: A ciliary protein complex involved in cilium biogenesis. It consists of at least seven Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins and BBIP10. It moves in association with IFT trains through cilia (likely as an IFT-A/B adaptor or cargo), and is required for the integrity of IFT-A and IFT-B.


non-motile cilium assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a non-motile cilium.


transaminase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid.


amino acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents.


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN FLRT3


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN FLRT1


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT TRANSMEMBRANE NEURONAL PROTEIN 2


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN FLRT2


name: LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID PHOSPHATASE TYPE 6


peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation

description: The removal of phosphoric residues from peptidyl-O-phospho-tyrosine to form peptidyl-tyrosine.


name: regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity

description: A process that modulates neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers.


lysosome organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lysosome. A lysosome is a cytoplasmic, membrane-bounded organelle that is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases.


name: negative regulation of protein kinase activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity.


lytic vacuole organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lytic vacuole.


name: GERANYLGERANYL TRANSFERASE TYPE BETA SUBUNIT


name: GERANYLGERANYL TRANSFERASE TYPE-1 SUBUNIT BETA


name: GERANYLGERANYL TRANSFERASE TYPE-2 SUBUNIT BETA


name: PROTEIN FARNESYLTRANSFERASE SUBUNIT BETA


name: PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAIN-CONTAINING FAMILY A MEMBER 6


name: PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAIN-CONTAINING FAMILY A MEMBER 5


name: PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAIN-CONTAINING FAMILY A MEMBER 4


name: PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAIN-CONTAINING FAMILY A MEMBER 7


description: Binding to phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 3' position.


name: ubiquitin-like protein conjugating enzyme activity

description: Isoenergetic transfer of a ubiquitin-like protein (ULP) from one protein to another molecule, usually another protein, via the reaction X-SCP + Y = Y-SCP + X, where both the X-SCP and Y-SCP linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal amino acid of SCP and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue.


name: 39S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L52, MITOCHONDRIAL


phagophore assembly site

description: Punctate structures proximal to the endoplasmic reticulum which are the sites where the Atg machinery assembles upon autophagy induction.


reticulophagy

description: The selective autohagy process in which parts of the endoplasmic reticulum are loaded into autophagosomes, delivered to the vacuole, and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions.


name: VESICULAR, OVEREXPRESSED IN CANCER, PROSURVIVAL PROTEIN 1


name: ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 65


name: ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 63


name: ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 46


name: TRAFFICKING PROTEIN PARTICLE COMPLEX SUBUNIT 14


TRAPP complex

description: A large complex that acts as a tethering factor involved in transporting vesicles from the ER through the Golgi to the plasma membrane. A TRAPP (transport protein particle) complex has a core set of proteins which are joined by specific subunits depending on the cellular component where a given TRAPP complex is active.


nuclear speck

description: A discrete extra-nucleolar subnuclear domain, 20-50 in number, in which splicing factors are seen to be localized by immunofluorescence microscopy.


name: PROBABLE MEMBRANE PROTEIN DUF221-RELATED


name: CALCIUM PERMEABLE STRESS-GATED CATION CHANNEL 1


name: calcium-activated cation channel activity

description: Enables the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of cations across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient.


monoatomic ion-gated channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to a specific ion stimulus.


name: RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding

description: Binding to a sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any of the factors that interact selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription.


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 26


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 55


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 52


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 38


regulation of DNA recombination

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination, a DNA metabolic process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents.


name: CELL DIVISION CYCLE 7-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE


name: INACTIVE SERINE_THREONINE-PROTEIN KINASE VRK3


name: double-strand break repair via break-induced replication

description: The error-free repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the centromere-proximal end of a broken chromosome searches for a homologous region in an intact chromosome. DNA synthesis initiates from the 3' end of the invading DNA strand, using the intact chromosome as the template, and progresses to the end of the chromosome.


peptidyl-tyrosine modification

description: The modification of peptidyl-tyrosine.


peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation

description: The phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-phospho-L-tyrosine.


name: negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.


name: negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway.


name: RECEPTOR-TYPE TYROSINE-PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE BETA


name: EGF-LIKE REPEAT AND DISCOIDIN I-LIKE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 3


adenylate cyclase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP = 3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate.


cyclase activity

description: Catalysis of a ring closure reaction.


phosphorus-oxygen lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the cleavage of a phosphorus-oxygen bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond.


name: SPERM MITOCHONDRIAL-ASSOCIATED CYSTEINE-RICH PROTEIN


name: CALCIUM_CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE TYPE 1D


name: CAM KINASE-LIKE VESICLE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN


name: MYOSIN LIGHT CHAIN KINASE FAMILY MEMBER 4


name: CALCIUM_CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE TYPE II SUBUNIT GAMMA


name: CALCIUM_CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE TYPE II SUBUNIT BETA


name: CALCIUM_CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE TYPE II SUBUNIT ALPHA


name: MYOSIN LIGHT CHAIN KINASE 2, SKELETAL_CARDIAC MUSCLE


name: CALCIUM_CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE TYPE 1B


name: CALCIUM_CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE TYPE II SUBUNIT DELTA


name: PHOSPHORYLASE B KINASE GAMMA CATALYTIC CHAIN, LIVER_TESTIS ISOFORM


name: CALCIUM_CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE TYPE 1G


name: PHOSPHORYLASE B KINASE GAMMA CATALYTIC CHAIN, SKELETAL MUSCLE_HEART ISOFORM


name: CALCIUM_CALMODULIN-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE TYPE 1


name: 39S RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN L32, MITOCHONDRIAL


name: LEYDIG CELL TUMOR 10 KDA PROTEIN HOMOLOG


name: YIP1 INTERACTING FACTOR HOMOLOG  YIF1 PROTEIN


name: TBC1 DOMAIN FAMILY MEMBER GTPASE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN


name: ECOTROPIC VIRAL INTEGRATION SITE 5 PROTEIN HOMOLOG


name: TBC DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN KINASE-LIKE PROTEIN


name: General transcription by RNA polymerase I


homologous chromosome segregation

description: The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the first division of the meiotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner; this pairing off, referred to as synapsis, permits genetic recombination. One homolog (both sister chromatids) of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets.


reciprocal homologous recombination

description: A DNA recombination process that results in the bidirectional exchange of genetic material between highly homologous DNA molecules.


name: chromosome organization involved in meiotic cell cycle

description: A process of chromosome organization that is involved in a meiotic cell cycle.


meiotic cell cycle process

description: A process that is part of the meiotic cell cycle.


meiosis I cell cycle process

description: A process that contributes to the first meiotic division. The first meiotic division is the reductive division resulting in the separation of homologous chromosome pairs.


reciprocal meiotic recombination

description: The cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a single or double Holliday junction intermediate. This results in the equal exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids in a pair of homologous chromosomes. These reciprocal recombinant products ensure the proper segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I and create genetic diversity.


meiosis I

description: The first meiotic nuclear division in which homologous chromosomes are paired and segregated from each other, producing two haploid daughter nuclei.


name: homologous chromosome pairing at meiosis

description: The meiotic cell cycle process where side by side pairing and physical juxtaposition of homologous chromosomes is created during meiotic prophase. Homologous chromosome pairing begins when the chromosome arms begin to pair from the clustered telomeres and ends when synaptonemal complex or linear element assembly is complete.


meiotic chromosome segregation

description: The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during M phase of the meiotic cell cycle.


meiotic nuclear division

description: One of the two nuclear divisions that occur as part of the meiotic cell cycle.


homologous recombination

description: A DNA recombination process that results in the exchange of an equal amount of genetic material between highly homologous DNA molecules.


name: M-AAA PROTEASE-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1, MITOCHONDRIAL


name: PAIRED BOX PROTEIN PAX-6-RELATED-RELATED


name: N-ALPHA-ACETYLTRANSFERASE 15, NATA AUXILIARY SUBUNIT


name: N-ALPHA-ACETYLTRANSFERASE 16, NATA AUXILIARY SUBUNIT


name: N-ALPHA-ACETYLTRANSFERASE 25, NATB AUXILIARY SUBUNIT


name: VESICLE TRANSPORT V-SNARE PROTEIN VTI1-RELATED


name: VESICLE TRANSPORT THROUGH INTERACTION WITH T-SNARES HOMOLOG 1A


name: VESICLE TRANSPORT THROUGH INTERACTION WITH T-SNARES HOMOLOG 1B


ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle transporting substances from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi.


regulation of protein localization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


name: regulation of protein localization to membrane

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to membrane.


name: TRAFFICKING PROTEIN PARTICLE COMPLEX SUBUNIT


name: TRAFFICKING PROTEIN PARTICLE COMPLEX SUBUNIT 1


name: TRAFFICKING PROTEIN PARTICLE COMPLEX SUBUNIT 4


regulation of cilium assembly

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cilium assembly.


midbody

description: A thin cytoplasmic bridge formed between daughter cells at the end of cytokinesis. The midbody forms where the contractile ring constricts, and may persist for some time before finally breaking to complete cytokinesis.


mitotic cytokinesis

description: A cell cycle process that results in the division of the cytoplasm of a cell after mitosis, resulting in the separation of the original cell into two daughter cells.


name: 3-DEOXY-D-MANNO-OCTULOSONIC-ACID TRANSFERASE/TRNA  GUANINE-N 7 - -METHYLTRANSFERASE


name: BIOGENESIS OF LYSOSOME-RELATED ORGANELLES COMPLEX 1 SUBUNIT 3


endosome organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of endosomes.


name: MYRISTOYLATED ALANINE-RICH C-KINASE SUBSTRATE  MARCKS


name: MYRISTOYLATED ALANINE-RICH C-KINASE SUBSTRATE


actin filament bundle

description: An assembly of actin filaments that are on the same axis but may be oriented with the same or opposite polarities and may be packed with different levels of tightness.


actomyosin

description: Any complex of actin, myosin, and accessory proteins.


stress fiber

description: A contractile actin filament bundle that consists of short actin filaments with alternating polarity, cross-linked by alpha-actinin and possibly other actin bundling proteins, and with myosin present in a periodic distribution along the fiber.


name: TESTIS-SPECIFIC PROTEIN PBS13  T-COMPLEX 11


name: T-COMPLEX PROTEIN 11 X-LINKED PROTEIN 1-RELATED


name: MACROPHAGE SCAVENGER RECEPTOR TYPES I AND II


name: SOLUBLE SCAVENGER RECEPTOR CYSTEINE-RICH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN SSC5D


name: SCAVENGER RECEPTOR CYSTEINE-RICH TYPE 1 PROTEIN M130


name: DELETED IN MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMORS 1 PROTEIN


name: SCAVENGER RECEPTOR CYSTEINE-RICH DOMAIN-CONTAINING GROUP B PROTEIN


name: SCAVENGER RECEPTOR CYSTEINE-RICH TYPE 1 PROTEIN M160


name: SCAVENGER RECEPTOR CYSTEINE-RICH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN SCART1


name: TRNA-AMINOACYLATION COFACTOR ARC1 FAMILY MEMBER


name: AMINOACYL TRNA SYNTHASE COMPLEX-INTERACTING MULTIFUNCTIONAL PROTEIN 1


name: PROTEIN KINASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN-RELATED


name: GERM CELL-SPECIFIC GENE 1-LIKE PROTEIN 2


name: LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 6


name: LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 5


name: LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 5-LIKE PROTEIN


name: epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor EGFR (ERBB1) on the surface of a cell. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


lysosome localization

description: Any process in which a lysosome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location.


name: PEPTIDYL-PROLYL CIS-TRANS ISOMERASE FKBP7/14


name: PEPTIDYL-PROLYL CIS-TRANS ISOMERASE FKBP14


name: PEPTIDYL-PROLYL CIS-TRANS ISOMERASE FKBP7


name: CENTROSOMAL PROTEIN OF 170 KDA PROTEIN B


name: COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 136


secretory granule organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion.


name: ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM-GOLGI INTERMEDIATE COMPARTMENT PROTEIN


name: ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM-GOLGI INTERMEDIATE COMPARTMENT PROTEIN 3


name: ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM-GOLGI INTERMEDIATE COMPARTMENT PROTEIN 1


name: ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM-GOLGI INTERMEDIATE COMPARTMENT PROTEIN 2


name: retrograde vesicle-mediated transport, Golgi to endoplasmic reticulum

description: The directed movement of substances from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum, mediated by vesicles bearing specific protein coats such as COPI or COG.


name: DNA REPLICATION LICENSING FACTOR MCM FAMILY MEMBER


name: MINICHROMOSOME MAINTENANCE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2


MCM complex

description: A hexameric protein complex required for the initiation and regulation of DNA replication.


single-stranded DNA helicase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, in the presence of single-stranded DNA; drives the unwinding of a DNA helix.


3'-5' DNA helicase activity

description: Unwinding a DNA helix in the direction 5' to 3', driven by ATP hydrolysis.


cell cycle DNA replication

description: The DNA-dependent DNA replication that takes place as part of the cell cycle.


nuclear DNA replication

description: The DNA-dependent DNA replication that occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic organisms as part of the cell cycle.


mitotic DNA replication initiation

description: Any DNA replication initiation involved in mitotic cell cycle DNA replication.


mitotic DNA replication

description: Any nuclear DNA replication that is involved in a mitotic cell cycle.


name: DNA strand elongation involved in DNA replication

description: The process in which an existing DNA strand is extended by activities including the addition of nucleotides to the 3' end of the strand, complementary to an existing template, as part of DNA replication.


name: DNA unwinding involved in DNA replication

description: The process in which interchain hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA are broken or 'melted', generating unpaired template strands for DNA replication.


name: TUMOR PROTEIN P63-REGULATED GENE 1-LIKE PROTEIN


name: TUMOR PROTEIN P63-REGULATED GENE 1 PROTEIN


name: RECEPTOR-BINDING CANCER ANTIGEN EXPRESSED ON SISO CELLS  CANCER ASSOCIATED SURFACE ANTIGEN RCAS1   ESTROGEN RECEPTOR-BINDING FRAGMENT- ASSOCIATED GENE 9 PROTEIN


name: RECEPTOR-BINDING CANCER ANTIGEN EXPRESSED ON SISO CELLS


U4/U6 x U5 tri-snRNP complex

description: A ribonucleoprotein complex that is formed by the association of the U4/U6 and U5 snRNPs.


name: TYROSINE-PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE NON-RECEPTOR TYPE 11


name: E3 UBIQUITIN-PROTEIN LIGASE HERC4-RELATED


name: E3 UBIQUITIN-PROTEIN LIGASE HECTD2-RELATED


name: SECRETION-REGULATING GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR


name: E3 UBIQUITIN-PROTEIN LIGASE HERC6-RELATED


name: E3 UBIQUITIN-PROTEIN LIGASE HERC3-RELATED


name: X-LINKED RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA GTPASE REGULATOR


ISG15-protein conjugation

description: The covalent addition to a protein of ISG15, a ubiquitin-like protein.


name: CAMP-REGULATED PHOSPHOPROTEIN 21 RELATED R3H DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN


name: HIGH AFFINITY CATIONIC AMINO ACID TRANSPORTER 1


name: L-lysine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of L-lysine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-lysine is 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.


name: ENOYL-COA HYDRATASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2, MITOCHONDRIAL


name: ENOYL-COA DELTA ISOMERASE 1, MITOCHONDRIAL


name: CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE ASSEMBLY PROTEIN COX15


name: CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE ASSEMBLY PROTEIN COX15 HOMOLOG


name: CYCLIN-D-BINDING MYB-LIKE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1


name: INTERFERON INDUCIBLE TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN


name: INTERFERON-INDUCED TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN 5


name: INTERFERON-INDUCED TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN 1


name: INTERFERON-INDUCED TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN 10


name: INTERFERON-INDUCED TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN 2


name: INTERFERON-INDUCED TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN 3


name: type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by type I interferon binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.


Cul4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul4 family and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by an adaptor protein.


name: TRNA (GUANINE-N(7)-)-METHYLTRANSFERASE NON-CATALYTIC SUBUNIT WDR4


name: LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 10


name: LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR CLASS A DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 3


name: ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE-CONVERTING ENZYME


name: LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 3


name: PROLOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 1


name: LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 12


name: LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 4


name: LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 8


plasma membrane raft

description: A membrane raft that is part of the plasma membrane.


caveola

description: A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm.


name: low-density lipoprotein particle receptor activity

description: Combining with a low-density lipoprotein particle and delivering the low-density lipoprotein particle into the cell via endocytosis.


lipoprotein particle binding

description: Binding to a lipoprotein particle. A lipoprotein particle, also known as a lipoprotein, is a clathrate complex consisting of a lipid enwrapped in a protein host without covalent binding in such a way that the complex has a hydrophilic outer surface consisting of all the protein and the polar ends of any phospholipids.


protein-lipid complex binding

description: Binding to a protein-lipid complex, any macromolecular complex that contains both protein and lipid molecules.


intracellular cholesterol transport

description: The directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, within cells.


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DO BETA CHAIN


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DP ALPHA 1 CHAIN


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DM BETA CHAIN


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DR BETA 5 CHAIN


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DO ALPHA CHAIN


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DR BETA 3 CHAIN-RELATED


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DQ BETA 2 CHAIN


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DQ ALPHA 2 CHAIN


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DQ ALPHA 1 CHAIN


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DP BETA 1 CHAIN


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DM ALPHA CHAIN


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DR ALPHA CHAIN


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DRB1 BETA CHAIN


name: HLA CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN, DQ BETA 1 CHAIN


histone demethylase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from a histone.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor.


demethylase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from a substrate.


name: ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN 2_3 COMPLEX SUBUNIT 2


Arp2/3 protein complex

description: A stable protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5), and functions in the nucleation of branched actin filaments.


structural constituent of cytoskeleton

description: The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cytoskeletal structure.


name: PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAIN-CONTAINING FAMILY F MEMBER 2-RELATED


name: PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAIN-CONTAINING FAMILY F MEMBER 1


name: PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY DOMAIN-CONTAINING FAMILY F MEMBER 2


clathrin-coated pit

description: A part of the endomembrane system in the form of an invagination of a membrane upon which a clathrin coat forms, and that can be converted by vesicle budding into a clathrin-coated vesicle. Coated pits form on the plasma membrane, where they are involved in receptor-mediated selective transport of many proteins and other macromolecules across the cell membrane, in the trans-Golgi network, and on some endosomes.


clathrin-dependent endocytosis

description: An endocytosis process that begins when material is taken up into clathrin-coated pits, which then pinch off to form clathrin-coated endocytic vesicles.


name: ENHANCER OF YELLOW 2 TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR


name: TRANSCRIPTION AND MRNA EXPORT FACTOR ENY2


DUBm complex

description: A protein complex that forms part of SAGA-type complexes SAGA and SLIK, and mediates deubiquitination of histone H2B. In S. cerevisiae, the DUBm consists of the proteins Ubp8p, Sgf11p, Sus1p, and Sgf73p.


name: CAP-SPECIFIC MRNA (NUCLEOSIDE-2'-O-)-METHYLTRANSFERASE 1-RELATED


name: CAP-SPECIFIC MRNA (NUCLEOSIDE-2'-O-)-METHYLTRANSFERASE 1


name: CAP-SPECIFIC MRNA (NUCLEOSIDE-2'-O-)-METHYLTRANSFERASE 2


O-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the oxygen atom of an acceptor molecule.


name: EP300-INTERACTING INHIBITOR OF DIFFERENTIATION 2-RELATED


name: EP300-INTERACTING INHIBITOR OF DIFFERENTIATION 2B


name: EP300-INTERACTING INHIBITOR OF DIFFERENTIATION 1


name: EP300-INTERACTING INHIBITOR OF DIFFERENTIATION 2


acylglycerol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving acylglycerol, any mono-, di- or triester of glycerol with (one or more) fatty acids.


neutral lipid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving neutral lipids, lipids only soluble in solvents of very low polarity.


plasma lipoprotein particle clearance

description: The process in which a lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


triglyceride metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving triglyceride, any triester of glycerol. The three fatty acid residues may all be the same or differ in any permutation. Triglycerides are important components of plant oils, animal fats and animal plasma lipoproteins.


regulation of lipid catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids.


cGMP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-phosphate.


name: MESENCEPHALIC ASTROCYTE-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR


name: INTRAFLAGELLAR TRANSPORT PROTEIN 22 HOMOLOG


melanosome

description: A tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored. Melanosomes are synthesized in melanocyte cells.


pigmentation

description: The accumulation of pigment in an organism, tissue or cell, either by increased deposition or by increased number of cells.


melanosome organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a melanosome. A melanosome is a tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored.


name: REPRESSOR OF RNA POLYMERASE III TRANSCRIPTION MAF1


name: REPRESSOR OF RNA POLYMERASE III TRANSCRIPTION MAF1 HOMOLOG


description: Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state at the level of the multicellular organism.


digestion

description: The whole of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by multicellular organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.


tissue homeostasis

description: A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state within a defined tissue of an organism, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function.


anatomical structure homeostasis

description: A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state within a defined anatomical structure of an organism, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome.


name: proteinogenic amino acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any amino acid that is incorporated into protein naturally by ribosomal translation of mRNA, and that has a specific codon for translation from mRNA to protein.


name: aspartate family amino acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids of the aspartate family, comprising asparagine, aspartate, lysine, methionine and threonine.


alpha-amino acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an alpha-amino acid.


amino acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents.


L-amino acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-amino acids, the L-enantiomers of amino acids.


acidic amino acid transport

description: The directed movement of acidic amino acids, amino acids with a pH below 7, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: ZINC FINGER AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 4


name: ZINC FINGER AND BTB DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 38


name: RETINOBLASTOMA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN  RB -RELATED


name: negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle

description: Any signaling pathway that decreases or inhibits the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G1 phase to S phase of the mitotic cell cycle.


name: YJEF N-TERMINAL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 3


name: ACTIVATING TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR  ATF  4/5


name: CYCLIC AMP-DEPENDENT TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ATF-4


name: CYCLIC AMP-DEPENDENT TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR ATF-5


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN SUPERFAMILY DCC SUBCLASS MEMBER 4


name: IMMUNOGLOBULIN SUPERFAMILY DCC SUBCLASS MEMBER 3


name: CELL ADHESION MOLECULE-RELATED_DOWN-REGULATED BY ONCOGENES


name: RHO GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR 9-RELATED


name: RHO GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR 9


name: MITOTIC-SPINDLE ORGANIZING PROTEIN 2A-RELATED


name: APICAL ENDOSOMAL GLYCOPROTEIN PRECURSOR.


name: MAM DOMAIN-CONTAINING GLYCOSYLPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL ANCHOR PROTEIN 2


name: MAM DOMAIN-CONTAINING GLYCOSYLPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL ANCHOR PROTEIN 1


name: MAM AND LDL-RECEPTOR CLASS A DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


name: POTE ANKYRIN DOMAIN FAMILY MEMBER E-RELATED


NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex

description: A complex having histone acetylase activity on chromatin, as well as ATPase, DNA helicase and structural DNA binding activities. The complex is thought to be involved in double-strand DNA break repair. Subunits of the human complex include HTATIP/TIP60, TRRAP, RUVBL1, BUVBL2, beta-actin and BAF53/ACTL6A. In yeast, the complex has 13 subunits, including the catalytic subunit Esa1 (homologous to human Tip60).


Ino80 complex

description: A multisubunit protein complex that contains the Ino80p ATPase; exhibits chromatin remodeling activity.


INO80-type complex

description: A chromatin remodeling protein complex initially purified from S. cerevisiae and containing more than 10 subunits, including the SWR1-related complexes. INO80 (inositol requiring 80)-type complexes have diverse functions, including promoting transcriptional activation and DNA repair.


SWI/SNF complex

description: A SWI/SNF-type complex that contains 8 to 14 proteins, including both conserved (core) and nonconserved components; contains the ATPase product of the yeast SNF2 or mammalian SMARCA4/BAF190A/BRG1 gene, or an ortholog thereof.


histone deacetylase complex

description: A protein complex that possesses histone deacetylase activity.


Swr1 complex

description: A multisubunit protein complex that is involved in chromatin remodeling. It is required for the incorporation of the histone variant H2AZ into chromatin. In S. cerevisiae, the complex contains Swr1p, a Swi2/Snf2-related ATPase, and 12 additional subunits.


name: IA-2 PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE, ISOFORM C


name: RECEPTOR-TYPE TYROSINE-PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE N2


name: RECEPTOR-TYPE TYROSINE-PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE-LIKE N


peptide secretion

description: The controlled release of a peptide from a cell or a tissue.


hormone secretion

description: The regulated release of hormones, substances with a specific regulatory effect on a particular organ or group of cells.


peptide hormone secretion

description: The regulated release of a peptide hormone from a cell.


insulin secretion

description: The regulated release of proinsulin from secretory granules accompanied by cleavage of proinsulin to form mature insulin. In vertebrates, insulin is secreted from B granules in the B cells of the vertebrate pancreas and from insulin-producing cells in insects.


hormone transport

description: The directed movement of hormones into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


intracellular glucose homeostasis

description: A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of glucose within a cell.


response to glucose

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.


name: PEPTIDYL-TRNA HYDROLASE 2, MITOCHONDRIAL


name: UBIQUITIN-LIKE MODIFIER-ACTIVATING ENZYME 1


name: NEDD8-ACTIVATING ENZYME E1 CATALYTIC SUBUNIT


name: UBIQUITIN-LIKE MODIFIER-ACTIVATING ENZYME 7


name: UBIQUITIN-LIKE MODIFIER-ACTIVATING ENZYME 5


name: ADENYLYLTRANSFERASE AND SULFURTRANSFERASE MOCS3


name: UBIQUITIN-LIKE MODIFIER-ACTIVATING ENZYME 6


name: UBIQUITIN-LIKE MODIFIER-ACTIVATING ENZYME ATG7


name: ligase activity, forming carbon-sulfur bonds

description: Catalysis of the joining of two molecules via a carbon-sulfur bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.


name: FERM DOMAIN (PROTEIN4.1-EZRIN-RADIXIN-MOESIN) FAMILY


name: MYELIN TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1-LIKE PROTEIN


name: MOTHERS AGAINST DECAPENTAPLEGIC HOMOLOG 6


name: MOTHERS AGAINST DECAPENTAPLEGIC HOMOLOG 4


name: MOTHERS AGAINST DECAPENTAPLEGIC HOMOLOG 3


name: MOTHERS AGAINST DECAPENTAPLEGIC HOMOLOG 9


name: MOTHERS AGAINST DECAPENTAPLEGIC HOMOLOG 1


name: MOTHERS AGAINST DECAPENTAPLEGIC HOMOLOG 5


name: MOTHERS AGAINST DECAPENTAPLEGIC HOMOLOG 2


name: MOTHERS AGAINST DECAPENTAPLEGIC HOMOLOG 7


activin receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to an activin receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE PP2A REGULATORY SUBUNIT B


name: SERINE_THREONINE-PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2A 55 KDA REGULATORY SUBUNIT B DELTA ISOFORM


name: SERINE_THREONINE-PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2A 55 KDA REGULATORY SUBUNIT B BETA ISOFORM


name: SERINE_THREONINE-PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2A 55 KDA REGULATORY SUBUNIT B GAMMA ISOFORM


name: SERINE_THREONINE-PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2A 55 KDA REGULATORY SUBUNIT B ALPHA ISOFORM


name: GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASE 1, MITOCHONDRIAL


name: GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASE 2, MITOCHONDRIAL


glutamate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid.


name: NPC INTRACELLULAR CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORTER 1


name: NPC1-LIKE INTRACELLULAR CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORTER 1


name: WAP FOUR-DISULFIDE CORE DOMAIN PROTEIN 12


name: WAP FOUR-DISULFIDE CORE DOMAIN PROTEIN 3


name: WAP FOUR-DISULFIDE CORE DOMAIN PROTEIN 13


name: WAP FOUR-DISULFIDE CORE DOMAIN PROTEIN 10A


name: WAP FOUR-DISULFIDE CORE DOMAIN PROTEIN 2


name: WAP FOUR-DISULFIDE CORE DOMAIN PROTEIN 5


name: CATION CHANNEL SPERM-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN SUBUNIT GAMMA


name: CATION CHANNEL SPERM-ASSOCIATED AUXILIARY SUBUNIT GAMMA


protein localization to cytoskeleton

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the cytoskeleton.


name: MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE KINASE KINASE 4


name: TRAF2 AND NCK-INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASE


name: LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT-CONTAINING PROTEIN 72


ferrous iron binding

description: Binding to a ferrous iron ion, Fe(II).


iron ion binding

description: Binding to an iron (Fe) ion.


protein hydroxylation

description: The addition of a hydroxy group to a protein amino acid.


name: SIMILAR TO HYPOTHETICAL PROTEIN MGC34837


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


nuclear periphery

description: The portion of the nuclear lumen proximal to the inner nuclear membrane.


name: PHOSPHOLYSINE PHOSPHOHISTIDINE INORGANIC PYROPHOSPHATE PHOSPHATASE


name: HALOACID DEHALOGENASE-LIKE HYDROLASE DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2


name: PROTEASE FAMILY S9B,C DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV-RELATED


name: DIPEPTIDYL AMINOPEPTIDASE-LIKE PROTEIN 6


positive regulation of translation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.


bitter taste receptor activity

description: Combining with soluble bitter compounds to initiate a change in cell activity. These receptors are responsible for the sense of bitter taste.


taste receptor activity

description: Combining with soluble compounds to initiate a change in cell activity. These receptors are responsible for the sense of taste.


name: DISCO-INTERACTING PROTEIN 2  DIP2 -RELATED


name: NICOTINAMIDE_NICOTINIC ACID MONONUCLEOTIDE ADENYLYLTRANSFERASE 1


name: NICOTINAMIDE_NICOTINIC ACID MONONUCLEOTIDE ADENYLYLTRANSFERASE 3


name: NICOTINAMIDE_NICOTINIC ACID MONONUCLEOTIDE ADENYLYLTRANSFERASE 2


name: PROTON-COUPLED ZINC ANTIPORTER SLC30A3-RELATED


name: PROTON-COUPLED ZINC ANTIPORTER SLC30A4-RELATED


name: nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay

description: The nonsense-mediated decay pathway for nuclear-transcribed mRNAs degrades mRNAs in which an amino-acid codon has changed to a nonsense codon; this prevents the translation of such mRNAs into truncated, and potentially harmful, proteins.


name: COILED-COIL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 34


name: UDP-N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE--PEPTIDE N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINYLTRANSFERASE 110 KDA SUBUNIT


name: ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN SOWAHC


name: ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN SOWAHD


name: ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN SOWAHA


name: ANKYRIN REPEAT DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN SOWAHB


name: HISTONE-LIKE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR CCAAT-RELATED


name: CHROMATIN ACCESSIBILITY COMPLEX PROTEIN 1


name: NUCLEAR TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR Y SUBUNIT GAMMA


epsilon DNA polymerase complex

description: A heterotetrameric DNA polymerase complex that catalyzes processive DNA synthesis in the absence of PCNA, but is further stimulated in the presence of PCNA. The complex contains a large catalytic subunit and three small subunits, and is best characterized in Saccharomyces, in which the subunits are named Pol2p, Dpb2p, Dpb3p, and Dpb4p. Some evidence suggests that DNA polymerase epsilon is the leading strand polymerase; it is also involved in nucleotide-excision repair and mismatch repair.


DNA polymerase complex

description: A protein complex that possesses DNA polymerase activity and is involved in template directed synthesis of DNA.


name: TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR SUPERFAMILY MEMBER 10B


name: TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR SUPERFAMILY MEMBER 10D


name: TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR SUPERFAMILY MEMBER 10A


name: TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR SUPERFAMILY MEMBER 10C


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylglucosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


nucleotide-sugar metabolic process

description: The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotide-sugars, any nucleotide-carbohydrate in which the distal phosphoric residue of a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate is in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative.


name: METHYLTRANSFERASE-LIKE PROTEIN 21E PSEUDOGENE-RELATED


name: PROTEIN N-LYSINE METHYLTRANSFERASE METTL21A


name: PROTEIN N-LYSINE METHYLTRANSFERASE METTL21D


name: HISTIDINE PROTEIN METHYLTRANSFERASE 1 HOMOLOG


name: ENDOGENOUS RETROVIRUS GROUP K MEMBER 24 GAG POLYPROTEIN-RELATED


name: PHOSPHOLIPASE A2 INHIBITOR AND LY6_PLAUR DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN


electron transfer activity

description: A molecular function representing the directed movement of electrons from one molecular entity to another, typically mediated by electron carriers or acceptors, resulting in the transfer of energy and/or the reduction-oxidation (redox) transformation of chemical species. This activity is fundamental to various biological processes, including cellular respiration and photosynthesis, as well as numerous enzymatic reactions involved in metabolic pathways.


electron transport chain

description: A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors.


respiratory electron transport chain

description: A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.


name: SPINDLE AND CENTRIOLE ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 1 SPICE1


name: SPINDLE AND CENTRIOLE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 1


name: RANBP2-LIKE AND GRIP DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1-RELATED


NLS-bearing protein import into nucleus

description: The directed movement of a protein bearing a nuclear localization signal (NLS) from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear envelope.


protein import into nucleus

description: The directed movement of a protein from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.


import into nucleus

description: The directed movement of substances into the nucleus.


name: RNA-BINDING PROTEIN MUSASHI HOMOLOG RBP6


tumor necrosis factor receptor binding

description: Binding to a tumor necrosis factor receptor.


description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Lipopolysaccharides are major components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, making them prime targets for recognition by the immune system.


name: BETA-SITE APP-CLEAVING ENZYME, ISOFORM A-RELATED


aspartic-type endopeptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile.


name: BROAD SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER ABCG2


name: ATP-BINDING CASSETTE SUB-FAMILY G MEMBER 4


name: ATP-BINDING CASSETTE SUB-FAMILY G MEMBER 1


name: ATP-BINDING CASSETTE SUB-FAMILY G MEMBER 5


name: ATP-BINDING CASSETTE SUB-FAMILY G MEMBER 8


name: ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex

description: A complex for the transport of metabolites into and out of the cell, typically comprised of four domains; two membrane-associated domains and two ATP-binding domains at the intracellular face of the membrane, that form a central pore through the plasma membrane. Each of the four core domains may be encoded as a separate polypeptide or the domains can be fused in any one of a number of ways into multidomain polypeptides. In Bacteria and Archaebacteria, ABC transporters also include substrate binding proteins to bind substrate external to the cytoplasm and deliver it to the transporter.


name: MITOCHONDRIAL IMPORT RECEPTOR SUBUNIT TOM70


stereocilium

description: An actin-based protrusion from the apical surface of auditory and vestibular hair cells and of neuromast cells. These protrusions are supported by a bundle of cross-linked actin filaments (an actin cable), oriented such that the plus (barbed) ends are at the tip of the protrusion, capped by a tip complex which bridges to the plasma. Bundles of stereocilia act as mechanosensory organelles.


stereocilium bundle

description: A bundle of cross-linked stereocilia, arranged around a kinocilium on the apical surface of a sensory hair cell (e.g. a neuromast, auditory or vestibular hair cell). Stereocilium bundles act as mechanosensory organelles by responding to fluid motion or fluid pressure changes.


kinocilium

description: A nonmotile primary cilium that is found at the apical surface of auditory receptor cells. The kinocilium is surrounded by actin-based stereocilia.


terminal bouton

description: Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it.


name: C-TYPE LECTIN DOMAIN FAMILY 20 MEMBER A-RELATED


early endosome membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding an early endosome.


name: NEUROBLASTOMA SUPPRESSOR OF TUMORIGENICITY 1


name: De novo pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis


positive regulation of chemotaxis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient.


positive regulation of growth

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism.


regulation of chemotaxis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to a specific chemical concentration gradient.


regulation of cell growth

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or direction of cell growth.


axonemal microtubule

description: A microtubule in the axoneme of a eukaryotic cilium or flagellum; an axoneme contains nine modified doublet microtubules, which may or may not surround a pair of single microtubules.


name: DEADENYLATION COMPLEX CATALYTIC SUBUNIT PAN2


name: PAN2-PAN3 DEADENYLATION COMPLEX CATALYTIC SUBUNIT PAN2


name: nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening

description: Shortening of the poly(A) tail of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA from full length to an oligo(A) length.


regeneration

description: The regrowth of a lost or destroyed body part, such as an organ or tissue. This process may occur via renewal, repair, and/or growth alone (i.e. increase in size or mass).


name: mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane contact site

description: A zone of apposition between endoplasmic-reticulum and mitochondrial membranes, structured by bridging complexes. These contact sites are thought to facilitate inter-organelle calcium and phospholipid exchange.


integrator complex

description: A protein complex that stably associates with the C-terminus of RNA polymerase II and mediates 3'-end processing of small nuclear RNAs generated by RNA polymerase II.


RNA 3'-end processing

description: Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of an RNA molecule.


snRNA 3'-end processing

description: Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of an snRNA molecule.


snRNA processing

description: Any process involved in the conversion of a primary small nuclear RNA (snRNA) transcript into a mature snRNA molecule. The primary function of snRNAs is processing pre-messenger RNA in the nucleus. They have also been shown to aid in the regulation of transcription factors (7SK RNA) or RNA polymerase II (B2 RNA), and maintaining the telomeres.


name: 26S PROTEASOME NON-ATPASE REGULATORY SUBUNIT 8


name: TAF9 RNA POLYMERASE II, TATA BOX-BINDING PROTEIN (TBP)-ASSOCIATED FACTOR


name: TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION FACTOR TFIID SUBUNIT 9B


name: TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION FACTOR TFIID SUBUNIT 9


name: DNA REPAIR PROTEIN RAD51 HOMOLOG 3 RAD51C


replication fork

description: The Y-shaped region of a replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes.


DNA endonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks.


endonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by creating internal breaks.


four-way junction DNA binding

description: Binding to a DNA segment containing four-way junctions, also known as Holliday junctions, a structure where two DNA double strands are held together by reciprocal exchange of two of the four strands, one strand each from the two original helices.


name: PHOSPHOPROTEIN ASSOCIATED WITH GLYCOSPHINGOLIPID-ENRICHED MICRODOMAINS 1


chromosome separation

description: The cell cycle process in which paired chromosomes are detached from each other. Chromosome separation begins with the release of cohesin complexes from chromosomes; in budding yeast, this includes the cleavage of cohesin complexes along the chromosome arms, followed by the separation of the centromeric regions. Chromosome separation also includes formation of chromatid axes mediated by condensins, and ends with the disentangling of inter-sister catenation catalyzed by topoisomerase II (topo II).


DNA modification

description: The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotide sites in DNA, resulting in a change in its properties.


catecholamine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine.


UDP-glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a glucosyl group from UDP-glucose to an acceptor molecule.


positive regulation of TOR signaling

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of TOR signaling.


positive regulation of TORC1 signaling

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of TORC1 signaling.


name: cellular response to amino acid starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of amino acids.


name: MICRO-RNA BINDING ZINC FINGER CCCH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 7


name: ZINC FINGER CCCH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 7B


name: ZINC FINGER CCCH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 7A


regulatory ncRNA processing

description: A process leading to the generation of a functional regulatory non-coding RNA.


name: regulatory ncRNA-mediated gene silencing

description: A process in which an regulatory non-coding RNA molecule reduces expression of target genes. This can occur pre-transcriptionally by assembly of heterochromatin and prevention of transcription or co- or post-transcriptionally by targeting RNAs for degradation or by interfering with splicing or translation. This process starts once the inhibitory RNA molecule has been transcribed, and includes processing of the RNA such as cleavage, modifications, transport from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, loading onto the RISC complex, and the effect on transcription or translation.


miRNA processing

description: A process leading to the generation of a functional miRNA. Includes the cleavage of stem-loop RNA precursors into microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are a class of small RNAs that primarily silence genes by blocking the translation of mRNA transcripts into protein, or by increasing the degradation of non-protein-coding RNA transcripts.


name: DNA EXCISION REPAIR PROTEIN ERCC-6-RELATED


name: GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE C-TERMINAL DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN


name: TETRATRICOPEPTIDE REPEAT PROTEIN 19, MITOCHONDRIAL


name: mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the cytochrome bc(1) complex (also known as ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase), in the mitochondrial inner membrane.


cytochrome complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cytochrome complex. A cytochrome complex is a protein complex in which at least one of the proteins is a cytochrome, i.e. a heme-containing protein involved in catalysis of redox reactions.


name: TARGET OF MYB1 MEMBRANE TRAFFICKING PROTEIN


name: POLYADENYLATE-BINDING PROTEIN-INTERACTING PROTEIN 2


name: POLYADENYLATE-BINDING PROTEIN-INTERACTING PROTEIN 2B


negative regulation of translation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteins by the translation of mRNA or circRNA.


name: CILIA- AND FLAGELLA-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN 74


name: SOLUTE CARRIER FAMILY 31  COPPER TRANSPORTERS


name: TRIPARTITE MOTIF-CONTAINING PROTEIN 16-RELATED


name: TAF5-LIKE RNA POLYMERASE II P300_CBP-ASSOCIATED FACTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTOR 65 KDA SUBUNIT 5L


name: TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION FACTOR TFIID SUBUNIT 5


name: FYVE, RHOGEF AND PH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 5


name: FYVE, RHOGEF AND PH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 2


name: FYVE, RHOGEF AND PH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 6


name: FYVE, RHOGEF AND PH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 4


name: FYVE, RHOGEF AND PH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 1


name: FYVE, RHOGEF AND PH DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN 3


name: INTER-ALPHA-TRYPSIN INHIBITOR HEAVY CHAIN FAMILY MEMBER


name: INTER-ALPHA-TRYPSIN INHIBITOR HEAVY CHAIN H1


name: INTER-ALPHA-TRYPSIN INHIBITOR HEAVY CHAIN H2


name: INTER-ALPHA-TRYPSIN INHIBITOR HEAVY CHAIN H4


name: INTER-ALPHA-TRYPSIN INHIBITOR HEAVY CHAIN H3


name: INTER-ALPHA-TRYPSIN INHIBITOR HEAVY CHAIN H5


name: INTER-ALPHA-TRYPSIN INHIBITOR HEAVY CHAIN H6


name: VACUOLAR PROTEIN SORTING-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN  VPS13


name: INTERMEMBRANE LIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN VPS13D


name: INTERMEMBRANE LIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN VPS13C


name: INTERMEMBRANE LIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN VPS13A


protein targeting to vacuole

description: The process of directing proteins towards the vacuole, usually using signals contained within the protein.


maintenance of location

description: Any process in which a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere.


maintenance of location in cell

description: Any process in which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell, and is prevented from moving elsewhere.


name: URACIL NUCLEOTIDE_CYSTEINYL LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTOR


regulation of coagulation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of coagulation, the process in which a fluid solution, or part of it, changes into a solid or semisolid mass.


neuromuscular junction

description: The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a change in post-synaptic potential.


name: EXTRACELLULAR SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE [CU-ZN]


name: COPPER CHAPERONE FOR SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE


copper ion binding

description: Binding to a copper (Cu) ion.


cellular response to oxidative stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.


name: HEPATOMA-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR-LIKE PROTEIN 1


name: HEPATOMA-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR-RELATED PROTEIN 2


name: TRANSCRIPTION INTERMEDIARY FACTOR 1-BETA


name: transcription-dependent tethering of RNA polymerase II gene DNA at nuclear periphery

description: The chromosome organization process in which the DNA sequence containing a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II is maintained in a specific location at the nuclear periphery. In S. cerevisiae, this process involves cis-acting DNA sequences such as the TATA box and upstream activating sequence (UAS) elements, trans-acting transcriptional activators, and also the 3'-UTR of the transcript.