name: response to high fluence blue light stimulus by blue high-fluence system

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the detection of a high fluence blue light stimulus by the blue high-fluence system. Blue light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of between 440 and 500nm. The blue high-fluence system responds to blue light at levels between 100 and 1000 micromols/m2.


ascending thin limb development

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an ascending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ascending thin limb is a segment of a nephron tubule lying in the inner medulla that is permeable to ions but not to water and has a simple epithelium; active transepithelial solute transport is absent.


interleukin-24 receptor activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Combining with interleukin-24 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


positive regulation of heat dissipation

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of heat dissipation.


name: positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha signaling pathway.


cellular response to glycoprotein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glycoprotein stimulus.


name: positive regulation of membrane depolarization

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of membrane depolarization.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: triferuloyl spermidine + NADPH + O2 = diferuloyl mono-(hydroxyferuloyl) spermidine + NADP+ + H2O.


acetaldehyde metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetaldehyde, a colorless, flammable liquid intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol.


cellular component maintenance

description: The organization process that preserves a cellular component in a stable functional or structural state.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: an anthocyanin + UDP-D-glucose = an anthocyanin-5-O-glucoside + UDP.


name: motor neuron precursor migration involved in dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve formation

description: The orderly movement of a motor neuron precursor cell that contributes to formation of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve.


polyamine acetylation

description: The modification of polyamines by addition of acetyl groups.


response to trehalose-6-phosphate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a trehalose-6-phosphate stimulus.


name: positive regulation of gastrin-induced gastric acid secretion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gastrin-induced gastric acid secretion.


name: regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cytokine mediated signaling pathway.


name: peptidyl-aspartic acid 3-dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: protein L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = protein 3-hydroxy-L-aspartate + succinate + CO2.


L-xylitol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-xylitol, a five-carbon sugar alcohol derived from xylose by reduction of the carbonyl group.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: di-trans-poly-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + di-trans-poly-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate.


response to dimethyl sulfoxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dimethyl sulfoxide stimulus.


GPI anchor binding

description: Binding to a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor. GPI anchors serve to attach membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of cell membranes.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-leucine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + L-glutamate.


memory

description: The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task).


name: termination of RNA polymerase I transcription

description: A transcription termination process that completes the production of a ribosomal RNA transcript. RNAP I termination requires binding of a terminator protein to specific sequences downstream of the transcription unit.


vocalization behavior

description: The behavior in which an organism produces sounds by a mechanism involving its respiratory system.


name: regulation of DNA double-strand break processing

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA double-strand break processing.


name: intestinal epithelial structure maintenance

description: A tissue homeostatic process required for the maintenance of the structure of the intestinal epithelium.


regulation of sporangium development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sporangium development, a process that leads to the formation of sporangium, a single-celled or many-celled structure in which spores are produced, as in fungi, algae, mosses, and ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms.


NMDA glutamate receptor activity

description: An cation channel that opens in response to binding by extracellular glutmate, but only if glycine is also bound and the membrane is depolarized. Voltage gating is indirect, due to ejection of bound magnesium from the pore at permissive voltages.


response to actinomycin D

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an actinomycin D stimulus.


cellular response to cholesterol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholesterol stimulus.


name: cell wall macromolecule biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule destined to form part of a cell wall.


name: organic hydroxy compound catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic hydroxy compound.


cerebellar granular layer formation

description: The process that gives rise to the cerebellar granule layer. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer.


pentose-phosphate shunt

description: The metabolic process in which glucose-6-phosphate is oxidized to form carbon dioxide (CO2) and ribulose 5-phosphate, coupled to reduction of NADP+ to NADPH; ribulose 5-P then enters a series of reactions that can yield biosynthetic precursors (ribose-5-phosphate and erythrose-4-phosphate) and glycolytic intermediates (fructose-6-phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate).


voltage-gated proton channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a proton by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: negative regulation of voltage-gated chloride channel activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of voltage-gated chloride channel activity.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + N-formylmethanofuran + H+ = N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + methanofuran.


name: rhamnogalacturonan II backbone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the backbone structure of pectic rhamnogalacturonan II. The back bone contains at least 8 1,4-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues.


interleukin-8 receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-8 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: endoplasmic reticulum cisternal network organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternal network. The ER cisternal network is the ER part that comprises the membranes with low curvature in cross-section.


name: flavin-containing compound catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a flavin, any derivative of the dimethylisoalloxazine (7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(3H,10H)-dione) skeleton, with a substituent on the 10 position.


promoter-specific chromatin binding

description: Binding to a section of chromatin that is associated with gene promoter sequences of DNA.


negative regulation of heart growth

description: Any process that decreases the rate or extent of heart growth. Heart growth is the increase in size or mass of the heart.


BRE binding

description: Binding to a BRE RNA element (Bruno response element).


name: allantoin:proton symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: allantoin(out) + H+(out) = allantoin(in) + H+(in) by secondary active transport.


amylin receptor 2 signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular amylin, or another ligand, combining with an amylin receptor 2 (AMY2), a G protein-coupled receptor complex, on the surface of the target cell. The AMY2 signaling pathway can also be initiated by adrenomedullin (AM/ADM).


name: RNA polymerase II sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor recruiting activity

description: The function of binding to a specific DNA sequence and recruiting another transcription factor to the DNA in order to modulate transcription. The recruited factor may bind DNA directly, or may be colocalized via protein-protein interactions.


low-affinity IgG receptor activity

description: Combining with low affinity with an immunoglobulin of an IgG isotype via the Fc region, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: galactarate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of galactaric acid anion (galactarate) from one side of a membrane to the other.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxybenzothiazole + 1/2 O2 = 2,6-dihydroxybenzothiazole.


name: type II site-specific deoxyribonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA to give specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates and 3' hydroxyls. Cleavage is dependent on the presence in the DNA of a specific recognition site; cleavage occurs at or very near this recognition site.


nitrile catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nitrile, an organic compound containing trivalent nitrogen attached to one carbon atom.


name: post-translational protein targeting to membrane, docking

description: The process in which the signal sequence of a translated protein binds to and forms a complex with the Sec complex.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose = 1,5-anhydro-4-deoxy-D-glycero-hex-3-en-2-ulose + H2O.


myosin filament disassembly

description: The disassembly of a filament composed of myosin molecules.


chromatin looping

description: A chromatin organization process that starts with the loading of an extrusion motor (by an SMC family complex) onto the chromatin, followed by chromatin extrusion that stops at loop anchoring sites on the chromosome.


protein transporter activity

description: Directly binding to a specific protein and delivering it to a specific cellular location.


hypophosphite dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: hypophosphite + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = succinate + phosphite + CO2.


name: cyanidin 7-O-(6-O-(4-O-(glucosyl)-oxybenzoyl)-glucoside) acyltransferase (acyl-glucose dependent) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-glucoside-7-O-(6-O-(4-O-(glucosyl)-oxybenzoyl)-glucoside) + 1-O-4-hydroxybenzoyl-beta-D-glucose = cyanidin 3-O-glucoside-7-O-(6-O-(4-O-(6-O-(p-hydroxybenzoyl)-glucosyl)-oxybenzoyl)-glucoside) + beta-D-glucose.


regulation of monocyte differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte differentiation.


posterior Malpighian tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the posterior Malpighian tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pair of posterior tubules arise from a ventrolateral region of the embryonic hindgut and project backwards through the body cavity. A Malpighian tubule is a fine, thin-walled excretory tubule in insects which connects with the posterior part of the gut.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,6-dihydroxypseudooxynicotine + H2O = 2,6-dihydroxypyridine + 4-methylaminobutyrate.


name: cell fate commitment involved in formation of primary germ layer

description: The commitment of cells to specific cell fates of the endoderm, ectoderm, or mesoderm as a part of gastrulation.


name: mesonephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis

description: The process in which the mesonephric comma-shaped body is generated and organized. The mesonephric comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the mesonephric S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of a nephron in the mesonephros.


actin filament network formation

description: The assembly of a network of actin filaments; actin filaments on different axes and with differing orientations are crosslinked together to form a mesh of filaments.


name: 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase (NADPH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + H2O + NADP+.


B-1 B cell differentiation

description: The process in which a hemopoietic stem cell acquires the specialized features of a B-1 B cell. B-1 B cells are a distinct subset of B cells characterized as being CD5 positive, found predominantly in the peritoneum, pleural cavities, and spleen, and enriched for self-reactivity.


vitamin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamins. Vitamin is a general term for a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body. Vitamins may be water-soluble or fat-soluble and usually serve as components of coenzyme systems.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 9-phenanthrol + UDP-glucuronate = 9-phenanthryl-beta-D-glucuronide + UDP.


peroxynitrite isomerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: peroxynitrite = nitrate.


nitroethane oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: nitroethane + H2O + O2 = acetaldehyde + nitrite + H2O2.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: pryrole-2-carboxylate + H+ = pyrrole + CO2.


meiotic G2 phase

description: The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA synthesis and the beginning of DNA segregation by meiosis.


protein-RNA complex disassembly

description: The disaggregation of a protein-RNA complex into its constituent components.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = H2O + 5,6-dihydroxy-3-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline.


cell wall assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cell wall. A cell wall is a rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal, and most prokaryotic cells.


name: asymmetric protein localization to new mitotic spindle pole body

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained to the new mitotic spindle pole body resulting in its being distributed asymmetrically.


mast cell activation

description: The change in morphology and behavior of a mast cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the mast cell has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors.


pyridoxine binding

description: Binding to pyridoxine, 4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, a form of vitamin B6.


positive regulation of hypersensitivity

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of hypersensitivity.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: kaempferol 3-O-glucoside + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = kaempferol-3-gentiobioside + UDP.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host defenses

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of host defense(s) by active mechanisms that normally result in the shutting down of a host pathway. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


beta-glucoside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucoside.


name: endoplasmic reticulum-endosome tether activity

description: The binding activity of a molecule that brings together an endosome and an ER membrane either via membrane lipid binding or by interacting with an endosome protein, to establish and facilitate organelle exchange.


name: positive regulation of establishment of endothelial barrier

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of endothelial barrier.


name: negative regulation of central tolerance induction

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of central tolerance induction.


name: negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis.


vanillin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving vanillin, an aromatic hydrocarbon which occurs naturally in black vanilla bean pods and can be obtained as a by-product of the pulp and paper industry by the oxidative breakdown of lignin.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: vinylacetyl-CoA = (2E)-butenoyl-CoA.


regulation of bicoid mRNA localization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which bicoid mRNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


name: negative regulation of cumulus cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ovarian cumulus cell differentiation.


name: peptide-methionine (S)-S-oxide reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reactions: peptide-L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = peptide-L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + thioredoxin, and L-methionine + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + thioredoxin. Can act on oxidized methionine in peptide linkage with specificity for the S enantiomer. Thioredoxin disulfide is the oxidized form of thioredoxin.


calcium-dependent carbohydrate binding

description: Binding to a carbohydrate in the presence of calcium.


cellular response to acetaldehyde

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acetaldehyde stimulus.


sideretin biosynthesis

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sideretin.


name: peptidoglycan-based cell wall organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the peptidoglycan-based cell wall.


name: isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nicotinamide nucleotide = diphosphate + NAD+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: biphenyl-2-ol + H+ + NADH + O2 = biphenyl-2,3-diol + H2O + NAD+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + nicotinate D-ribonucleotide = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + H+ + nicotinate.


forebrain regionalization

description: The regionalization process resulting in the creation of areas within the forebrain that will direct the behavior of cell migration in differentiation as the forebrain develops.


name: positive regulation of ecdysone receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of any ecdysone receptor signaling pathway.


histone pre-mRNA DCP binding

description: Binding to the downstream cleavage product (DCP) generated by histone pre-mRNA 3'-end processing.


CCL2-activated CCR2 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the C-C chemokine CCL2 to a C-C chemokine type 2 receptor (CCR2) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


Golgi lumen acidification

description: Any process that reduces the pH of the Golgi lumen, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


melanization of appressorium wall

description: The process in which melanin is produced in the appressorium of the symbiont. Melanization of the appressorium increases turgor pressure in the appressorium.


description: The glucuronylation of the N-terminal glycine of proteins to form the derivative D-glucuronyl-N-glycine.


gerfelin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gerfelin.


cupric reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: Cu+ + NAD+ + H+ = Cu2+ + NADH.


name: alcohol-forming very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA + NADPH + H+ = a very long-chain primary alcohol + NADP+ + CoA. A very long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing more than 22 carbons.


protein polyamination

description: The modification of a protein amino acid by polyamination.


enniatin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of enniatins, any of various cyclodepsipeptide antibiotics from Fusarium species that function as ionophores.


protein alkylation

description: The addition of an alkyl group to a protein amino acid. Alkyl groups are derived from alkanes by removal of one hydrogen atom.


response to immobilization stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of being rendered immobile.


response to dexamethasone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dexamethasone stimulus.


tricetin O-methytransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: tricetin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + 3'-O-methyltricetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


telomeric D-loop disassembly

description: A telomere loop disassembly process that results in the disassembly of telomeric D-loops. A telomeric D-loop is a three-stranded DNA displacement loop that forms at the site where the telomeric 3' single-stranded DNA overhang (formed of the repeat sequence TTAGGG in mammals) is tucked back inside the double-stranded component of telomeric DNA molecule, thus forming a t-loop or telomeric-loop and protecting the chromosome terminus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + dolichyl phosphate = UMP + N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-diphosphodolichol.


peptidyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-tRNA(1) + aminoacyl-tRNA(2) = tRNA(1) + peptidylaminoacyl-tRNA(2). This reaction is catalyzed by a ribozyme.


name: pyrimidine ribonucleoside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which a pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


name: ligand-gated ion channel signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a ligand-gated ion channel on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a ligand-gated ion channel and ends with a molecular function that directly regulates a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


phenylacetate-CoA ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + CoA + phenylacetate = AMP + diphosphate + H+ + phenylacetyl-CoA.


protein K29-linked deubiquitination

description: A protein deubiquitination process in which a K29-linked ubiquitin chain, i.e. a polymer of ubiquitin formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 29 of the ubiquitin monomers, is removed from a protein.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a (3R)-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] = a (2E)-enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] + H2O.


olfactory sociosexual communication

description: The use of external chemical cues called pheromones to send social and sexual information between members of the same species, leading to specific behavioral responses. Pheromones may be detected by two olfactory sensory circuits, the main olfactory pathway and the vomeronasal system.


guanyl deoxyribonucleotide binding

description: Binding to a guanyl deoxyribonucleotide, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the deoxyribose moiety.


pheromone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving pheromones, a substance that is secreted and released by an organism and detected by a second organism of the same or a closely related species, in which it causes a specific reaction, such as a definite behavioral reaction or a developmental process.


name: negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.


endocardial cushion cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an endocardial cushion cell over time, from its formation to the mature state.


uridylyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an uridylyl group to an acceptor.


name: positive regulation of inhibitory postsynaptic potential

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP). IPSP is a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential.


glucuronoxylan catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a glucuronoxylan.


catechol oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 catechol + O2 = 2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O. This reaction catalyzes exclusively the oxidation of catechols (i.e., o-diphenols) to the corresponding o-quinones.


(R)-2-haloacid dehalogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-haloacid + H2O = (S)-2-hydroxyacid + halide.


lysine decarboxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysine + H+ = cadaverine + CO2.


glucose 1-dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose + NAD+ = D-glucono-1,5-lactone + NADH.


name: regulation of collagen catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of collagen catabolism. Collagen catabolism is the proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix.


meiotic metaphase II

description: The cell cycle phase, following prophase II, during which chromosomes become aligned on the equatorial plate of the cell as part of meiosis II.


cementum mineralization

description: The process in which calcium salts, mainly carbonated hydroxyapatite, are deposited into the initial acellular cementum.


name: response to follicle-stimulating hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a follicle-stimulating hormone stimulus.


name: protein maturation by [2Fe-2S] cluster transfer

description: The transfer of an assembled [2Fe-2S] cluster from a scaffold protein to an acceptor protein that contributes to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein.


phloretin hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + phloretin = H+ + phloretate + phloroglucinol.


protein deacylation

description: The removal of an acyl group, any group or radical of the form RCO- where R is an organic group, from a protein amino acid.


L-arabinose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-arabinose, the D-enantiomer of arabino-pentose. L-arabinose occurs free, e.g. in the heartwood of many conifers, and in the combined state, in both furanose and pyranose forms, as a constituent of various plant hemicelluloses, bacterial polysaccharides etc.


regulation of DNA damage checkpoint

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a DNA damage checkpoint.


name: regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast apoptotic process.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone, the gamma-lactone (5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2(5H)-one.


name: negative regulation of convergent extension involved in axis elongation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of convergent extension involved in axis elongation.


alpha-1,4-glucosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-(1->4)-linked alpha-D-glucose residues with release of alpha-D-glucose.


monocyte migration into blood stream

description: The movement of a monocyte from the bone marrow to the blood stream.


name: cell differentiation involved in metanephros development

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the metanephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


name: inorganic triphosphate phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + inorganic triphosphate = diphosphate + phosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methylpropanal oxime + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylpropanal O-methyloxime + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-hydroxyvalerate + NAD+ = 5-oxovalerate + NADH.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of an L-fucosyl group from GDP-beta-L-fucose to a galactoside acceptor molecule, usually an N-glycan, to form an alpha(1,6)-fucosylated galactoside.


negative regulation of ferroptosis

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ferroptosis.


mesonephric duct formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a mesonephric duct. A mesonephric duct is a tube that drains the mesonephros.


dTDP-galactose 6-dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-D-galactose + 2 NADP+ + H2O = dTDP-D-galacturonate + 2 NADPH + 2 H+.


mitotic G2 phase

description: The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA synthesis and the beginning of DNA segregation by mitosis.


appressorium maturation

description: The process in which specialized features of the symbiont appressorium are acquired post initiation, to aid in infection of the host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-beta-L-arabinopyranose + 2-oxoglutarate = UDP-beta-L-threo-pentapyranos-4-ulose + L-glutamate.


lipid phosphorylation

description: The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a lipid, any member of a group of substances soluble in lipid solvents but only sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents.


glutamin-(asparagin-)ase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + L-glutamine = NH3 + L-glutamate; and H2O + L-asparagine = NH3 + L-aspartate.


name: biotin carboxyl carrier protein biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the biotin carboxyl carrier protein, a subunit of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase.


description: Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein S-phosphocysteine + sugar(out) = protein cysteine + sugar phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


name: positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation.


N-terminal protein palmitoylation

description: The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to the N-terminal amino acid residue of a protein.


S-adenosylmethionine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism.


name: regulation of leukotriene production involved in inflammatory response

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the synthesis or release of any leukotriene following a stimulus as part of an inflammatory response.


cytoplasmic alanyl-tRNA aminoacylation

description: The process of coupling alanine to alanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by alanyl-tRNA synthetase involved in cytoplasmic translation.


pinocembrin 2-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: pinocembrin + NADPH + O2 + H+ = 2,5,7-trihydroxyflavanone + NADP + H2O.


response to auditory stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an auditory stimulus.


name: retina vasculature morphogenesis in camera-type eye

description: The process in which the vasculature of the retina is generated and organized.


regulation of RNA import into nucleus

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of movement of RNA from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.


enterobactin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving enterobactin, a catechol-derived siderochrome of Enterobacteria; enterobactin (N',N',N''-(2,6,10-trioxo-1,5,9-triacyclodecane-3,7,11-triyl)tris(2,3-dihydroxy)benzamide) is a self-triester of 2,3-dihydroxy-N-benzoyl-L-serine and a product of the shikimate pathway.


name: protein-DNA covalent cross-linking repair

description: The removal of covalent cross-link between DNA and a protein.


(S)-mandelate dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetate + acceptor = 2-oxo-2-phenylacetate + reduced acceptor.


name: regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by neurotransmitter

description: The regulation of blood pressure mediated by a neurotransmitter. A neurotransmitter is any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron of the central or peripheral nervous system and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell.


name: bacteriocin transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a bacteriocin from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of apoptotic process

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in the positive regulation of apoptotic process.


detection of carbohydrate stimulus

description: The series of events in which a carbohydrate stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


excinuclease ABC activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acid at sites flanking regions of damaged DNA to which the Uvr ABC excinuclease complexes bind.


name: convergent extension involved in gastrulation

description: The morphogenetic process in which an epithelium narrows along one axis and lengthens in a perpendicular axis usually resulting in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.


deoxyguanosine salvage

description: Any process that generates deoxyguanosine from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


L-amino-acid alpha-ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + an L-amino acid + an L-amino acid = ADP + phosphate + L-aminoacyl-L-amino acid.


name: monosaccharide transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a monosaccharide from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybutanoate + NAD+ = H+ + NADH + succinate semialdehyde.


histamine oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histamine + H2O + O2 = imidazole-4-acetaldehyde + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide + H+.


cellular response to hypoxia

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.


female pronucleus assembly

description: Assembly of the haploid nucleus of the unfertilized egg.


name: structural constituent of pupal chitin-based cuticle

description: The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the chitin-based cuticle of a pupa. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


name: positive regulation of antral ovarian follicle growth

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of antral ovarian follicle growth.


name: positive regulation of circulating fibrinogen levels

description: Any process that increases the quantity of fibrinogen circulating in the bloodstream.


plasmatocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a hemocyte precursor cell acquires the characteristics of the phagocytic blood-cell type, the plasmatocyte. Plasmatocytes are a class of arthropod hemocytes important in the cellular defense response.


name: negative regulation of receptor recycling

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of receptor recycling.


stem cell population maintenance

description: The process by which an organism or tissue maintains a population of stem cells of a single type. This can be achieved by a number of mechanisms: stem cell asymmetric division maintains stem cell numbers; stem cell symmetric division increases them; maintenance of a stem cell niche maintains the conditions for commitment to the stem cell fate for some types of stem cell; stem cells may arise de novo from other cell types.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + formate + H+.


oenocyte delamination

description: The negative regulation of cell adhesion process in which an oenocyte splits off of an existing epithelial sheet.


regulation of transepithelial transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transepithelial transport.


name: phenylglyoxylate dehydrogenase (acylating) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: CoA + NAD+ + phenylglyoxylate = benzoyl-CoA + CO2 + NADH.


name: establishment of planar polarity involved in mesonephric nephron morphogenesis

description: Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium that contributes to the shaping of a nephron in the mesonephros.


name: glutamine catabolic process to fumarate, using glutaminase

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into fumarate, beginning with conversion of glutamine into glutamate catalyzed by the enzyme glutaminase (EC:3.5.1.2).


response to host immune response

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


neural plate pattern specification

description: The developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the neural plate to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate.


riboflavin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving riboflavin (vitamin B2), the precursor for the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).


name: methionine catabolic process via 2-oxobutanoate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methionine, via the intermediate 2-oxobutanoate.


acyl-lysine deacylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + N6-acyl-L-lysine = L-lysine + a carboxylate.


name: positive regulation of epithelial tube formation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial tube formation.


endothelial cell fate commitment

description: The commitment of a cell to an endothelial cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into an endothelial cell.


name: extracellularly ATP-gated monoatomic cation channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a monoatomic cation by a channel that opens when ATP is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.


name: negative regulation of anterior neural cell fate commitment of the neural plate

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency or rate at which a cell adopts an anterior neural cell fate.


prepupal development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the prepupa over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The prepupal stage is a life stage interposed between the larval and the pupal stages in insects that undergo a complete metamorphosis. The start of the pre-pupal stage is marked by pupariation, and the end is marked by pupation.


name: anti-Mullerian hormone receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of anti-Mullerian hormone to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Upon ligand binding, the receptor  forms a complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators.


leucoanthocyanidin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving leucoanthocyanidins, a class of colorless intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway of the pigmented flavonoids.


name: fluoride transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of fluoride from one side of a membrane to the other.


urethra epithelium development

description: The progression of the urethra epithelium over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The urethra is a renal system organ that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body. The epithelium is the tubular, planar layer of cells through which the urine passes.


dopachrome isomerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-dopachrome = 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-acyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate = N-acyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate.


RNA adenosine-uridine insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of an adenosine-uridine dinucleotide.


name: corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor activity

description: Combining with corticotropin-releasing hormone and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: modulation by virus of host cell division

description: Any process where an infecting virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the physical partitioning and separation of its host's cell into daughter cells.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol = CoA + taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-yl acetate.


name: 4-methylthiopropyl glucosinolate S-oxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methylthiopropyl-glucosinolate = 4-methylsulfinylpropyl-glucosinolate.


name: detection of hypoxic conditions in blood by carotid body chemoreceptor signaling

description: The process in which information about a lack of oxygen are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies.


ribitol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ribitol, a pentitol derived formally by reduction of the -CHO group of either D- or L-ribose.


name: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the C-C chemokine CCL19 to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: negative regulation of polarized epithelial cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of polarized epithelial cell differentiation.


regulation of pronephros size

description: Any process that modulates the size of a pronephric kidney.


RNA surveillance

description: A process that identifies and degrades defective or aberrant RNAs.


name: aralkylamine dehydrogenase (azurin) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an aralkylamine + H2O + 2 oxidized [azurin] = an aromatic aldehyde + 2 H+ + NH4+ + 2 reduced [azurin].


name: positive regulation of mesodermal cell fate specification

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mesoderm cell fate specification.


name: negative regulation of aconitate hydratase activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of aconitate hydratase activity.


purine deoxyribonucleoside binding

description: Binding to a purine deoxyribonucleoside, a compound consisting of a purine base linked to deoxyribose.


CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CDP-diacylglycerol, CDP-1,2-diacylglycerol, a substance composed of diacylglycerol in glycosidic linkage with cytidine diphosphate.


FADH2 metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-carboxy-2,5-dihydro-5-oxofuran-2-acetate = 3-carboxy-cis,cis-muconate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: heparosan-N-sulfate D-glucuronate = heparosan-N-sulfate L-iduronate.


name: regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid cell apoptotic process.


name: negative regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction.


name: aspartic-type endopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process

description: Any aspartic-type endopeptidase activity that is involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process.


ornithine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis.


name: D-ribose 5-phosphate:D-fructose 6-phosphate transaldolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-fructose 6-phosphate + D-ribose 5-phosphate = D-glycero-D-altro-octulose 8-phosphate + D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.


response to nitrite

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrite stimulus.


name: regulation of vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activity

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activity. Vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activity catalyzes the hydroxylation of C-24 of any form of vitamin D.


ectoderm formation

description: The formation of ectoderm during gastrulation.


name: histone H4K16 propionyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H4 L-lysine (position 16) + propionyl-CoA = CoA + H+ + histone H3 N6-propionyl-L-lysyl (position 16).


emboliform nucleus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the emboliform nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


response to lipoprotein particle

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoprotein particle stimulus.


T-helper 2 cell cytokine production

description: Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a T-helper 2 cell.


name: positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neural precursor cell proliferation.


dihydrobiopterin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a dihydrobiopterin, a reduced pteridine derivative related to folic acid; it acts as an electron carrier in tyrosine biosynthesis and its quinoid form is produced by oxidation of tetrahydrobiopterin in several biological hydroxylation reactions.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + lipopolysaccharide = UDP + 1,5 alpha-D-galactosyl-lipopolysaccharide.


name: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swimming motility

description: Bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility that results in the smooth movement of a cell through a liquid medium.


ionocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of an ionocyte. Ionocytes are specialized epithelial cells that contribute to osmotic homeostasis.


name: structural constituent of peritrophic membrane

description: The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the peritrophic membrane, a tubular sheath of cuticle that shields the epithelial cells of the midgut from the gut contents. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxymethylsilanetriol + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 2 H2O + formylsilanetriol.


name: acetylcholine-gated monoatomic cation-selective channel activity

description: Selectively enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens upon binding acetylcholine.


bisphenol A catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of bisphenol A, 4,4'-(propane-2,2-diyl)diphenol, a synthetic, aromatic organic compound used as a monomer in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic and in the manufacture of epoxy resins.


name: positive regulation of immune complex clearance by monocytes and macrophages

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the process of immune complex clearance by monocytes or macrophages.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: an alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc-diphosphodolichol + 2 GDP-alpha-D-mannose = an alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc-diphosphodolichol + 2 GDP + 2 H+. This reaction is the transfer of an alpha-D-mannosyl residue from GDP-mannose into lipid-linked oligosaccharide, forming an alpha-(1->2)-D-mannosyl-D-mannose linkage.


name: thyroid hormone receptor signaling pathway

description: A nuclear receptor-mediated signaling pathway initiated by a thyroid hormone  binding to an intracellular receptor of the nuclear receptor protein family, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + acyl-CoA = L-phosphatidate + CoA.


name: positive regulation of xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membrane

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of xenobiotic transmembrane export. A xenobiotic is a compound foreign to the organism exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetylneuraminate + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-4-O-acetylneuraminate + CoA.


catechol dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: catechol + O2 = a muconate.


MHC protein complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an MHC protein complex.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: CDP-choline + 1,2-diacylglycerol = CMP + a phosphatidylcholine.


name: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen

description: The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.


name: endonucleolytic cleaveage between LSU-rRNA and 4.5S rRNA of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA)

description: Endonucleolytic cleavage between the LSU-rRNA and the 4.5S rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript.


histone reader activity

description: A chromatin adaptor that recognizes specific forms of histones, either modified by a post-translational modification, or the unmodified form. Histone readers have roles in many processes, including in centromere function or in modulating the accessibility of cis-regulatory regions to the transcription machinery.


name: positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of heart rate by epinephrine-norepinephrine

description: The process in which the presence of epinephrine or norepinephrine in the bloodstream activates, maintains or increases the rate of heart contraction.


name: UDP-glucose-glycoprotein glucose phosphotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: glycoprotein D-mannose + UDP-D-glucose = glycoprotein 6-(D-glucose-1-phospho)-D-mannose + UMP.


pyrogallol hydroxytransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene + 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene = 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene + 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene.


name: myoblast migration involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

description: The process in which a myoblast migrates along an entire fiber to the site of injury. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


name: peptidyl-L-2',4',5'-topaquinone biosynthetic process from peptidyl-tyrosine

description: The modification of protein tyrosine to L-2',4',5'-topaquinone, characteristic of the active site of copper amine oxidases.


fumarate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving fumarate, the anion of trans-1,2-ethenedicarboxylic acid, the diastereoisomer of maleate. It is a key intermediate in metabolism and is formed in the TCA cycle from succinate and converted into malate.


linuron hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: linuron + H2O = N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine + carbon dioxide + 3,4-dichloroaniline.


amine-lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the release of amines by the cleavage of a carbon-nitrogen bond or the reverse reaction with an amine as a substrate.


phosphoribokinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 5-phosphate + ATP = D-ribose 1,5-diphosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


name: positive regulation of cell adhesion molecule production

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of cell adhesion molecule production. Cell adhesion molecule production is the appearance of a cell adhesion molecule as a result of its biosynthesis or a decrease in its catabolism.


name: negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


name: negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis.


alpha-linolenic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving alpha-linolenic acid, an unsaturated omega-6 fatty acid that has the molecular formula C18H32O2.


name: physiological cardiac muscle hypertrophy

description: The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart muscle due to an increase in size of cardiac muscle cells without cell division. This process contributes to the developmental growth of the heart.


name: spermine:oxygen oxidoreductase (spermidine-forming) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + O2 + spermine = 3-aminopropanal + H2O2 + spermidine.


homogalacturonan catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of homogalacturonan, a pectidic polymer, characterized by a backbone of 1,4-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues that can be methyl-esterified at C-6 and carry acetyl groups on O-2 and O-3.


name: regulation protein catabolic process at postsynapse

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at the postsynapse.


juxtaglomerulus cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the juxtaglomerulus cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


hepatocyte proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of hepatocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Hepatocytes form the main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules.


name: voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium levels

description: Regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentrations via the action of voltage-gated calcium ion channels.


NMN nucleosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + nicotinamide mononucleotide = D-ribose 5-phosphate + H+ + nicotinamide.


hyperosmotic response

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a hyperosmotic environment, i.e. an environment with a higher concentration of solutes than the organism or cell.


name: long-chain fatty acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a long-chain fatty acid from one side of a membrane to the other. A long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 13 to 22 carbons.


name: regulation of cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation.


heart rudiment formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the heart rudiment.


homocarnosine synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid + L-histidine + ATP = H+ + homocarnosine + ADP + hydrogenphosphate.


positive regulation of sporulation

description: Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sporulation, the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a spore over time, from its initiation to the mature structure.


cell migration in hindbrain

description: The orderly movement of a cell that will reside in the hindbrain.


endothelial to hematopoietic transition

description: The generation of hematopoietic stem cells from hemogenic endothelial cells by a process that includes tight-junction dissolution and loss of cell polarity followed by delamination from the endothelium.


vitamin B6 binding

description: Binding to a vitamin B6 compound: pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, pyridoxine, or the active form, pyridoxal phosphate.


uridine nucleosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + uridine = ribofuranose + uracil.


determination of stimulus location

description: The determination of where on the body surface, within the body or in the environment a stimulus originates.


name: negative regulation of hepatocyte differentiation

description: Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of hepatocyte differentiation.


chemoattraction of axon

description: The process in which a neuron growth cone is directed to a specific target site in response to an attractive chemical signal.


phenylmercury acetate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving phenylmercury acetate, an organomercurial compound composed of a mercury atom attached to a benzene ring and an acetate group.


prostanoid receptor activity

description: Combining with a prostanoid, any compound based on or derived from the prostanoate structure, to initiate a change in cell activity.


homomethionine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving homomethionine, a non-protein amino acid synthesized from methionine via chain elongation.


flaviolin monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: flaviolin-2-olate + NADH + H+ + O2 = mompain + NAD + H2O.


regulation of spindle elongation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cell cycle process in which the distance is lengthened between poles of the spindle.


name: paraxial mesodermal cell fate determination

description: The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a paraxial mesoderm cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.


lutein catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lutein.


name: negative regulation of osmolarity-sensing cation channel activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osmolarity-sensing cation channel activity.


pyridoxal kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pyridoxal = ADP + pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.


dTTP diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dTTP + H2O = dTMP + H+ + diphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the cleavage of a beta-(1->4) bond in the backbone of a xyloglucan and transfers the xyloglucanyl segment on to O-4 of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue of an acceptor, which can be a xyloglucan or an oligosaccharide of xyloglucan.


threonine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.


dAMP salvage

description: Any process which produces a dAMP from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


glucomannan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucomannan, a polysaccharide composed of D-glucose and D-mannose. The mannose units form the backbone structure (a linear main chain) with the D-glucose as single side-units.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: cyclooctat-9-en-5,7-diol + O2 + NADPH + H+ = cyclooctatin + H2O + NADP.


thymine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving thymine, 5-methyluracil, one of the two major pyrimidine bases present (as thymidine) in DNA but not found in RNA other than (as ribothymidine) in transfer RNA, where it is a minor base.


name: leukocyte migration involved in immune response

description: The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body as part of an immune response.


name: positive regulation of acute inflammatory response

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host programmed cell death

description: A process in which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of host programmed cell death, leading to a decrease in the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


phosphoglucokinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + ATP = alpha-D-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


formation of plant organ boundary

description: The regionalization process that specifies plant organ primordium boundaries resulting in a restriction of organogenesis to a limited spatial domain and keeping the organ separate from surrounding tissues.


name: ATP:coenzyme F420 adenylyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + factor gamma-F420-2 + H+ = coenzyme F390-A + diphosphate.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates), polyesters of 3-hydroxyacids produced as intracellular granules by a large variety of bacteria.


UDP-glucuronate 5'-epimerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = UDP-L-iduronate.


name: regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).


proximal tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the proximal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the proximal tubule is a nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the descending thin limb of the loop of Henle. It has a brush border epithelial morphology.


name: gibberellin A25,oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A25 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = gibberellin A13 + succinate + carbon dioxide.


symbiont entry into host cell

description: The process by which a symbiont breaches the plasma membrane or cell envelope and enters the host cell. The process ends when the symbiont or its genome is released into the host cell.


plant organ senescence

description: A plant organ developmental process during which a plant dismantles cellular components to reclaim the cellular building blocks and nutrients that have been deposited in the plant organs during growth.


spermatocyte division

description: The meiotic divisions undergone by the primary and secondary spermatocytes to produce haploid spermatids.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose, an ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre of the heptose. ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose (also called ADP-L-beta-D-heptose or ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose) is a nucleotide-sugar precursor of the inner core lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.


name: positive regulation of macrophage tolerance induction

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell tolerance induction.


name: dehydroascorbic acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of dehydroascorbate, 5-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)furan-2,3,4(5H)-trione, from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: endoplasmic reticulum signal peptide binding

description: Binding to an endoplasmic reticulum signal peptide, a specific peptide sequence that acts as a signal to localize the protein within the endoplasmic reticulum.


name: animal gross anatomical part developmental process

description: Any developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of a gross anatomical part of an animal from an initial immature state, to a later, more mature state.


histone H2AS121 kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H2A-serine (position 121) + ATP = histone H2A-phosphoserine (position 121) + ADP. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to the serine residue at position 121 of histone H2A.


name: amino acid adenylylation by nonribosomal peptide synthase

description: Activation of an amino acid for incorporation into a peptide by a nonribosomal process, catalyzed by subunits of nonribosomal peptide synthase. The amino acid is adenylated at its carboxylate group (ATP-dependent) then transferred to the thiol group of an enzyme-bound phosphopantetheine cofactor.


retinal rod cell development

description: Development of a rod cell, one of the sensory cells in the eye that reacts to the presence of light. Rod cells contain the photopigment rhodopsin or porphyropsin and are responsible for vision in dim light.


ureter epithelial cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell in the urothelium. The urothelium is the epithelial tube of the ureter.


myeloid leukocyte mediated immunity

description: Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a myeloid leukocyte.


name: regulation of trans-synaptic signaling by endocannabinoid, modulating synaptic transmission

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trans-synaptic signaling by endocannabinoid, modulating synaptic transmission.


name: cellular response to human chorionic gonadotropin stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a human chorionic gonadotropin stimulus.


name: peroxisome matrix targeting signal-1 binding

description: Binding to a type 1 peroxisome targeting signal, a tripeptide with the consensus sequence (S/A/C)-(K/R/H)-L.


name: regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by circulatory epinephrine-norepinephrine

description: The process in which epinephrine-norepinephrine modulate the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system.


name: establishment of protein localization to mitochondrial membrane involved in mitochondrial fission

description: The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the mitochondrial membrane that contributes to mitochondrial fission.


ecdysteroid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ecdysteroids, a group of polyhydroxylated ketosteroids which initiate post-embryonic development.


name: coenzyme A-peptidyl-cysteine covalent linking

description: The covalent linkage of coenzyme A and peptidyl-cysteine to form L-cysteine coenzyme A disulfide.


sebaceous gland development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sebaceous gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


name: negative regulation of erythrocyte differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte differentiation.


name: beta-lactam antibiotic metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a beta-lactam antibiotic, any member of a class of natural or semisynthetic antibiotics whose characteristic feature is a strained, four-membered beta-lactam ring. They include the penicillins and many of the cephalosporins.


phenol, water dikinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: phenol + MgATP + H2O = phenylphosphate + MgAMP + orthophosphate.


name: cell adhesion involved in prostatic bud elongation

description: The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules that contributes to the elongation of the primary prostatic bud.


compound eye corneal lens morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the compound eye corneal lens are generated and organized.


name: negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in contact inhibition

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation in response to cell density.


NAD DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of the ADP-ribose group of NAD+ to a residue in double-stranded DNA.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylsalicylaldehyde + NAD+ = 3-methylsalicylate + NADH + H+.


toxic metabolite repair

description: A cellular process that, through single- or multi-step enzymatic reactions, repairs toxic endogenous compounds, formed as by-products of primary metabolism, by converting them into useful metabolites.


name: negative regulation of cell-matrix adhesion

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate or extent of cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix.


response to superoxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a superoxide stimulus. Superoxide is the anion, oxygen-, formed by addition of one electron to dioxygen (O2) or any compound containing the superoxide anion.


polysaccharide catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, cytochrome as acceptor

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a cytochrome.


cellooligosaccharide binding

description: Binding to cellooligosaccharide.


adenosylselenohomocysteinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: Se-Adenosyl-L-selenohomocysteine + H2O => Adenosine + Selenohomocysteine.


regulation of heat generation

description: Any process that modulates the rate or extent of heat generation.


name: AV node cell to bundle of His cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from an AV node cardiac muscle cell to a bundle of His cardiomyocyte.


RNA guanosine-cytidine insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of an guanosine-cytidine dinucleotide.


endocrine pancreas development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the endocrine pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The endocrine pancreas is made up of islet cells that produce insulin, glucagon and somatostatin.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methyl-6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinone + S-adenosyl-methionine = 2,3-dimethyl-6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinone + S-adenosyl-homocysteine.


agmatine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of agmatine ((4-aminobutyl)guanidine, NH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH-C(-NH2)(=NH)). Agmatine is the decarboxylation product of the amino acid arginine and is an intermediate in polyamine biosynthesis. It is synthesized in the brain, stored in synaptic vesicles, accumulated by uptake, released by membrane depolarization, and inactivated by agmatinase.


brexanolone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of brexanolone.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxytetrahydrofuran = 2 H+ + 2 e- + butyrolactone.


name: glucose catabolic process to pyruvate utilizing ADP

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP and the utilization of ADP in the initial kinase reactions.


name: positive regulation of cell fate commitment

description: Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency or rate of cell fate commitment. Cell fate commitment is the commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a cell (the initial one-cell zygote) or within a developmental field.


caprolactam catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of caprolactam, hexahydro-2h-azepin-2-one, a cyclic amide of caproic acid.


conditioned place preference

description: The associative learning process by which an animal learns and remembers an association between a neutral, unchanging environment and a putatively rewarding, internal state produced by a xenobiotic or drug.


RNA topoisomerase activity

description: Catalysis of the transient cleavage and passage of individual RNA strands or double helices through one another, resulting a topological transformation in RNA.


L-propargylglycine synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-2-amino-4-chloropent-4-enoate = chloride + H+ + L-propargylglycine.


transmission of nerve impulse

description: The neurological system process in which a signal is transmitted through the nervous system by a combination of action potential propagation and synaptic transmission.


cellular response to nonane

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nonane stimulus.


alkanesulfonate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alkanesulfonates, the anion of alkanesulfonic acids, sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.


name: positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator.


name: regulation of macrophage differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation.


microtubule severing

description: The process in which a microtubule is broken down into smaller segments. Severing enzymes remove dimers from the middle of the filament to create new ends, unlike depolymerizing kinesins that use ATP to uncap microtubules at their ends.


pentachlorophenol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentachlorophenol, a chlorinated insecticide and fungicide used primarily to protect timber from fungal rot and wood boring insects. Pentachlorophenol is significantly toxic to mammals, plants, and many microorganisms.


nonphotochemical quenching

description: The process by which excess light energy absorbed by chlorophyll and not used to drive photosynthesis is emitted as heat. This process helps maintain the balance between dissipation and utilization of light energy to minimize generation of oxidizing molecules, thereby protecting the plant against photo-oxidative damage.


cadmium ion binding

description: Binding to a cadmium ion (Cd).


thioester biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a thioester, a compound of general formula RC(=O)SR' in which the linking oxygen in an ester is replaced by a sulfur atom. They are the product of esterification between a carboxylic acid and a thiol.


name: insulin-like growth factor receptor activity

description: Combining with insulin-like growth factor receptor ligand and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: glomerular mesangial cell fate commitment

description: The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a glomerular mesangial cell.


name: secondary active p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate is the anion of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid.


cellular response to nutrient

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus.


name: regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell costimulation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell costimulation.


prolactin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving prolactin, a protein hormone of the anterior pituitary gland that promotes lactation in response to the suckling stimulus of hungry young mammals.


IDP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving IDP, inosine 5'-diphosphate.


negative T cell selection

description: The process of elimination of immature T cells which react strongly with self-antigens.


cellular response to interleukin-2

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-2 stimulus.


regulation of iodide transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of iodide transport.


astaxanthin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving astaxanthin.


name: multicellular organism adhesion to substrate

description: The attachment of a multicellular organism to a surface or material.


response to caffeine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a caffeine stimulus. Caffeine is an alkaloid found in numerous plant species, where it acts as a natural pesticide that paralyzes and kills certain insects feeding upon them.


name: regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell extravasation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell extravasation.


name: electron transporter, transferring electrons from cytochrome b6/f complex of photosystem II activity

description: Enables the directed movement of electrons from the cytochrome b6/f complex of photosystem II.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: trans-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienoic acid + ATP + CoASH = trans-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienoyl-CoA + AMP + PPi.


pullulan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pullulan, a neutral linear polysaccharide composed of repeating units of maltotriose joined by alpha-(1,6)-linkages.


eosinophil fate determination

description: The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an eosinophil cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.


name: mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization

description: The process by which the mitochondrial outer membrane becomes permeable to the passing of proteins and other molecules from the intermembrane space to the cytosol as part of the apoptotic signaling pathway.


name: poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of poly(glycerol phosphate) teichoic acid.


name: 3-methylbutanal reductase (NADPH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylbutanol + NADP+ = 3-methylbutanal + NADPH + H+. 3-methylbutanal is also known as isovaleraldehyde.


response to light intensity

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light intensity stimulus.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on diphenols and related substances as donors

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a diphenol or related substance acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


trace-amine receptor activity

description: Combining with a trace amine to initiate a change in cell activity. Trace amines are biogenic amines that are synthesized from aromatic amino acids and are substrates for monoamine oxidase, and are therefore detectable only at trace levels in mammals.


embryonic genitalia morphogenesis

description: The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the genitalia are generated and organized.


ricinine nitrilase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + ricinine = NH3 + 3-carboxy-4-methoxy-N-methyl-2-pyridone.


name: negative regulation of GTP cyclohydrolase I activity

description: Any process that stops or reduces the activity of the enzyme GTP cyclohydrolase I.


diiodotyrosine transaminase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + 3,5-diiodo-L-tyrosine = 3-(3,5-diiodo-4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate.


name: negative regulation of anion channel activity by blue light

description: Any process in which blue light stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of the anion channel activity.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1D-myo-inositol 5-diphosphate pentakisphosphate = ADP + 1D-myo-inositol bisdiphosphate tetrakisphosphate.


name: maintenance of protein location in cell cortex

description: A process in which a protein or protein complex is maintained in a specific location in the cell cortex.


name: negative regulation of toll-like receptor 21 signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of toll-like receptor 21 signaling pathway.


xylose catabolic process to ethanol

description: The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xylose, an aldopentose, where one of the resulting products is ethanol.


name: PSII associated light-harvesting complex II binding

description: Binding to a PSII associated light-harvesting complex II.


basidiospore formation

description: The process in which spores form outside a specialized end cell known as a basidium. Basidia are characteristic of the basidiomycete fungi (phylum Basidiomycota), and give rise to spores that each contain a haploid nucleus that is the product of meiosis. The spores are usually attached to the basidium by short spikes called sterigmata (singular: sterigma). In most basidiomycetes there are four sterigmata (and four spores) to a basidium.


name: negative regulation of cardioblast proliferation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation.


heteroduplex formation

description: The formation of a stable duplex DNA that contains one strand from each of the two recombining DNA molecules.


regulation of wax biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of wax biosynthetic process.


hydroxylysine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hydroxylysine (5-hydroxy-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), a chiral alpha-amino acid.


name: mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in kidney development

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesenchymal cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


name: maltose:proton symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: maltose(out) + H+(out) = maltose(in) + H+(in).


protein-fructosamine 3-kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a [protein]-N6-D-fructosyl-L-lysine = ADP + H+ + a [protein]-N6-(3-O-phospho-D-fructosyl)-L-lysine.


peptidyl-lysine 3-dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: protein L-lysine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = protein 3-hydroxy-L-lysine + succinate + CO2.


name: intermediate mesodermal cell fate specification

description: The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an intermediate mesoderm cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


myeloid cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a myeloid cell, a cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage.


name: cellular detoxification of hydrogen peroxide

description: Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of hydrogen peroxide in a cell. These include transport of hydrogen peroxide away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration.


pronephric nephron development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pronephric nephron over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A pronephric nephron is the functional unit of the pronephros.


renal tubule development

description: The progression of the renal tubule over time from its formation to the mature form. A renal tubule is a tube that filters, re-absorbs and secretes substances to rid an organism of waste and to play a role in fluid homeostasis.


protein retention in ER lumen

description: The retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen of soluble resident proteins. Sorting receptors retrieve proteins with ER localization signals, such as KDEL and HDEL sequences or some transmembrane domains, that have escaped to the cis-Golgi network and return them to the ER. Abnormally folded proteins and unassembled subunits are also selectively retained in the ER.


name: trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (NADPH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + NADP+ = trans-2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + NADPH + H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-O-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl]-L-threonyl-[protein] + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = 3-O-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)]-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl]-L-threonyl-[protein] + H+ + UDP.


tartrate decarboxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-tartrate + H+ = D-glycerate + CO2.


name: positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation.


NEDD8 activating enzyme activity

description: Catalysis of the initiation of the NEDD8 (RUB1) conjugation cascade.


immune response in Peyer's patch

description: Immune response taking place in the Peyer's patch, nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine.


vestibulocochlear nerve formation

description: The process that gives rise to the vestibulocochlear nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. This sensory nerve innervates the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear. The vestibular branch innervates the vestibular apparatus that senses head position changes relative to gravity. The auditory branch innervates the cochlear duct, which is connected to the three bony ossicles which transduce sound waves into fluid movement in the cochlea.


lysine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving lysine, 2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.


fibrinolysis

description: A process that solubilizes fibrin in the bloodstream of a multicellular organism, chiefly by the proteolytic action of plasmin.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on superoxide radicals as acceptor

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a superoxide radical (O2- or O2.-) acts as a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


name: envenomation resulting in modulation of acid-sensing ion channel activity in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant change in the activity of an acid-sensing ion channel (ASIC) in the bitten organism.


ferredoxin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ferredoxin, any simple, nonenzymatic iron-sulfur protein that is characterized by having equal numbers of atoms of iron and labile sulfur. Iron and sulfur atoms are present in one or two clusters of two or four atoms of each.


name: iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-N1'-histidino tetrairon tetrasulfide

description: The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-N1'-histidino tetrairon tetrasulfide.


name: positive regulation of reverse cholesterol transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of reverse cholesterol transport.