name: 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase [NAD(P)H] activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


muscle cell cellular homeostasis

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The cellular homeostatic process that preserves a muscle cell in a stable functional or structural state.


aldehyde catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aldehydes, any organic compound with the formula R-CH=O.


phosphocreatine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphocreatine, a phosphagen of creatine present in high concentration in striated muscle which is synthesized and broken down by creatine phosphokinase to buffer ATP concentration. It acts as an immediate energy reserve for muscle.


maintenance of protein complex location

description: Any process in which a protein complex is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. These include sequestration, stabilization to prevent transport elsewhere and the active retrieval of protein complexes that move away.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host B-cell mediated immune response

description: A process by which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of the B-cell mediated immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell adhesion to an extracellular matrix.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host innate immune response

description: A process in which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of the innate immune response of the host organism, the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: 5-carbamoylmethyl uridine residue modification

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the addition of a 5-carbamoylmethyl group to a uridine residue in RNA.


acetate ester metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving an acetate ester, any carboxylic ester where the carboxylic acid component is acetic acid.


dethiobiotin synthase activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-diaminononanoate + ATP + CO2 = ADP + dethiobiotin + 4 H+ + phosphate.


name: versiconal hemiacetal acetate esterase activity

description: Catalyzes the reactions: versiconal hemiacetal acetate + H2O = versiconal + acetate, as well as versiconol acetate + H2O = versiconol + acetate.


name: cell migration involved in endocardial cushion formation

description: The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another that will contribute to the formation of an endocardial cushion. The endocardial cushion is a specialized region of mesenchymal cells that will give rise to the heart septa and valves.


arabinosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an arabinosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


name: vascular endothelial cell response to oscillatory fluid shear stress

description: Any response to oscillatory fluid shear stress that occurs in a vascular endothelial cell.


enzyme-substrate adaptor activity

description: An adaptor that brings together an enzyme and its substrate. Adaptors recruit the substrate to its enzyme, thus contributing to substrate selection and specificity.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-benzylsuccinyl-CoA + 2 electron-transferring flavoprotein = (E)-2-benzylidenesuccinyl-CoA + 2 reduced electron-transferring flavoprotein.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (Z)-nonadeca-1,14-diene.


name: high-affinity L-ornithine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of L-ornithine from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 16-alpha-hydroxygypsogenate = 16-alpha-hydroxygypsogenate-28-beta-D-glucoside + UDP.


thylakoid membrane disassembly

description: The controlled breakdown of the thylakoid membrane in the context of a normal process.


name: extracellular polysaccharide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving polysaccharides used in extracellular structures.


alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an alcohol + NADP+ = an aldehyde + NADPH + H+.


1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the splitting and linkage of (1->3)-beta-D-glucan molecules, resulting in (1->3)-beta-D-glucan chain elongation.


cell cycle DNA replication DNA ligation

description: Any DNA ligation that is involved in cell cycle DNA replication.


protein polyufmylation

description: Covalent attachment of the ubiquitin-like protein UFM1 to a protein, forming an UFM1 chain.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = sulfite + glutathione disulfide + sulfide.


name: negative regulation of sulfur utilization

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sulfur utilization.


name: negative regulation of compound eye photoreceptor development

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye photoreceptor development.


torso signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to torso (a receptor tyrosine kinase) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: isoscopoletin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = scoparone + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


name: positive regulation of myoblast proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast proliferation.


naringenin 3-dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: naringenin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = dihydrokaempferol + succinate + CO2.


name: positive regulation of developmental growth

description: Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of developmental growth.


gibberellin 20-oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the oxidation of C-20 gibberellins to form the corresponding C-19 lactones.


homing of group II introns

description: Lateral transfer of a group II intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron; group II introns are self-splicing introns with a conserved secondary structure.


name: ethanolamine-containing compound metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol) and compounds derived from it.


interleukin-3 receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-3 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


secretory granule maturation

description: Steps required to transform an immature secretory vesicle into a mature secretory vesicle. Typically proceeds through homotypic membrane fusion and membrane remodeling.


name: negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration.


endosome membrane tubulation

description: A membrane tubulation process occurring in an endosome membrane.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-O-(indol-3-ylacetyl)-beta-D-glucose + myo-inositol = 1L-1-O-(indol-3-yl)acetyl-myo-inositol + D-glucose.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: pryrole-2-carboxylate + NADH + O2 + H+ = 5-hydroxypyrrole-2-carboxylate + NAD+ + H2O.


name: magnetoreception by sensory perception of mechanical stimulus

description: The series of events required for an organism to receive a mechanical stimulus relating to a magnetic field, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. A magnetic field exerts a torque on a ferromagnetic material (e.g. magnetite) or on a material with diamagnetic anisotropy; organisms that can detect this torque can use it to determine the orientation of the magnetic field.


regulation of cell projection size

description: A process that modulates the size of a cell projection.


name: histone H2AK13 ubiquitin ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a ubiquitin molecule to histone 2A at the lysine-13 residue.


name: regulation of the force of heart contraction by chemical signal

description: The regulation of the force of heart muscle contraction mediated by chemical signaling, hormonal, autocrine or paracrine.


pituitary gland development

description: The progression of the pituitary gland over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland that secretes hormones that regulate many other glands.


appressorium-mediated entry into host

description: Penetration by a symbiont into a host organism via an appressorium. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: G protein-coupled glycine receptor activity

description: Combining with glycine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by changing the activity of intracellular G protein signaling.


name: cellular response to high density lipoprotein particle stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a high density lipoprotein particle stimulus.


xylose binding

description: Binding to the D- or L-enantiomer of xylose.


mitral valve formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the mitral valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


regulation of inosine transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of inosine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: inductive mesenchymal to epithelial cell signaling

description: Signaling at short range from mesenchymal cells to cells of an epithelium that results in a developmental change in the epithelial cells.


negative regulation of sterol import

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sterol import.


exocrine pancreas development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the exocrine pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The exocrine pancreas produces and store zymogens of digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsinogen and trypsinogen in the acinar cells.


accessory nerve formation

description: The process that gives rise to the accessory nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The spinal branch of this motor nerve innervates the trapezius and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The cranial branch joins the vagus nerve and innervates the same targets as the vagus nerve.


dextransucrase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: sucrose + 1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) = D-fructose + 1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl(n+1).


name: pyridoxal phosphate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of pyridoxal phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyridoxal phosphate is pyridoxal phosphorylated at the hydroxymethyl group of C-5, and is the active form of vitamin B6.


regulation of hexasaccharide transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hexasaccharide transport.


glutamatergic neuron differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a glutamatergic neuron.


mono-ADP-D-ribose binding

description: Binding to monomeric ADP-D-ribose, an ADP-aldose having ribose as the aldose fragment.


name: establishment of ommatidial planar polarity

description: The specification of polarized ommatidia. Ommatidia occur in two chiral forms. The trapezoidal arrangement of photoreceptors in the dorsal part of the eye is the mirror image of that in the ventral part.


name: dorsal vessel heart proper cell fate commitment

description: The commitment of dorsal vessel cardioblast cells to a heart proper cell fate and their capacity to differentiate into heart cells. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


name: lysine:proton symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: lysine(out) + H+(out) = lysine(in) + H+(in).


abscisic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving abscisic acid, 5-(1-hydroxy-2,6,6,trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-y1)-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid.


linolenate delta15 desaturase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + a lipid linoleoyl group + a reduced electron acceptor = 2 H2O + a lipid alpha-linolenoyl group + an oxidized electron acceptor.


sebaceous gland placode formation

description: The developmental process in which a sebaceous gland placode forms. A sebaceous gland placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the sebaceous gland bud.


name: induction of blood coagulation in another organism

description: Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation in another organism. Blood coagulation is the sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot.


name: regulation of integrin-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of integrin-mediated signaling pathway.


telomerase RNA localization

description: Any process in which telomerase RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


cytoplasm organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.


name: cell surface receptor signaling pathway involved in heart development

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand the binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, which contributes to the progression of the heart over time.


name: histone H3K9me2 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysyl9-[histone H3] + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysyl9-[histone H3] + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. This reaction is the addition of a single methyl group to the dimethylated lysine residue at position 9 of histone H3, producing histone H3K9me3.


leucoplast fission

description: The creation of two or more leucoplasts by division of one leucoplast. A leucoplast is a colorless plastid involved in the synthesis of monoterpenes.


name: sulfate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of sulfate ions, SO4(2-), from one side of a membrane to the other.


response to retinoic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a retinoic acid stimulus.


diarylpropane peroxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol + H2O2 = 3,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde + 2 H2O.


name: mesenchymal stem cell differentiation involved in nephron morphogenesis

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal stem cell that contributes to the shaping of a nephron. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells.


name: regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by baroreceptor feedback

description: The neural regulation of blood pressure in which baroreceptors sense the amount of stretch occurring in vessels and respond to the input via central nervous system control.


cytidine kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + cytidine = ADP + CMP.


alkanesulfonate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alkanesulfonates, the anion of alkanesulfonic acids, sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.


name: copal-8-ol diphosphate(3-) metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving copal-8-ol diphosphate(3-).


description: Catalysis of the reaction: phospholipid + 1,2-diacylglycerol = lysophospholipid + triacylglycerol.


name: modulation by host of viral molecular function

description: A process in which a host organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any molecular function being mediated by a virus with which it is infected.


cell differentiation in spinal cord

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells of the spinal cord. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


contractile vacuole localization

description: The directed movement of the contractile vacuole to a specific location.


name: prostaglandin H2 endoperoxidase reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: prostaglandin H2 + NADPH + H+ -> prostaglandin F2alpha + NADP+. This reaction is the reduction of prostaglandin H2 ((5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,11alpha-Epidioxy-15-hydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate) to prostaglandin F2alpha ((5Z,13E)-(15S)-9alpha,11alpha,15-Trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate).


vitamin D3 25-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: vitamin D3 + NADPH + H+ + O2 = calcidiol + NADP+ + H2O.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 2,3-dihydroxybenzoate + L-serine = products of ATP breakdown + N-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)-L-serine.


melibiose binding

description: Binding to melibiose.


flavone biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavones, a class of pigmented plant compounds based on 2-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one (2-phenylchromone).


pectin binding

description: Binding to pectin.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host transcription

description: A process in which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts transcription of genes into mRNA in its host. For example, symbiont proteins can interfere with host RNA polymerase or with transcription factors. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: positive regulation of glucose mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose mediated signaling pathway.


protein to membrane docking

description: The initial attachment of a protein to a target membrane, mediated by a proteins protruding from the target membrane. Docking requires only that the proteins come close enough to interact and adhere.


name: arg-arg specific dibasic protein processing

description: Any protein processing achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond after two consecutive arginine amino acid residues within a protein.


name: D-serine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of D-serine from one side of a membrane to the other. D-serine is the D-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.


name: bacterial-type DNA replication initiation

description: Any DNA replication initiation that is involved in bacterial-type DNA replication.


name: 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase (NADH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + H+ + NADH + O2 = 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + H2O + NAD+.


colon epithelial cell migration

description: The orderly movement of a colonic epithelial cell from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism.


fructose-6-phosphate binding

description: Binding to fructose 6-phosphate.


name: glutamate catabolic process to aspartate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate into other compounds, including aspartate.


pancreatic stellate cell proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of pancreatic stellate cells, resulting in the expansion of a pancreatic stellate cell population. Pancreatic stellate cells are found in the periacinar space of the exocrine pancreas and in perivascular and periductal regions of the pancreas, and have long cytoplasmic processes that encircle the base of the acinus.


mushroom body development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mushroom body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mushroom body is composed of the prominent neuropil structures of the insect central brain, thought to be crucial for olfactory associated learning. These consist mainly of a bulbous calyx and tightly packaged arrays of thin parallel fibers of the Kenyon cells.


central canal development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the formation of the central canal of the spinal cord from its formation to the mature structure. The central canal is a spinal cord structure that is part of the ventricular system and is filled with cerebral-spinal fluid and runs the length of the spinal cord.


lipid droplet organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lipid particle.


name: negative regulation of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to chemical stimulus

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms in response to chemical stimulus.


name: positive regulation of miRNA catabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of miRNA catabolic process.


name: inositol tetrakisphosphate 3-kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5,6-tetrakisphosphate = ADP + 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate.


carbohydrate localization

description: Any process in which a carbohydrate is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. Carbohydrates are any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.


name: sulfurated eukaryotic molybdenum cofactor(2-) biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sulfurated eukaryotic molybdenum cofactor(2-).


cellular response to aluminum ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aluminum ion stimulus.


name: induction of synaptic plasticity by chemical substance

description: The process in which a chemical substance activates synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require.


name: DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator

description: A cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage.


name: positive regulation of skeletal muscle cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle cell differentiation.


name: malonyl-malonyl acyl carrier protein-condensing enzyme activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + 2 a malonyl-[acp] = 2 carbon dioxide + an acetoacetyl-[acp] + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


keratin filament binding

description: Binding to a keratin filament, an intermediate filament composed of acidic and basic keratins (types I and II), typically expressed in epithelial cells.


name: positive regulation of progesterone secretion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of progesterone secretion.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: sphinganine 1-phosphate = phosphoethanolamine + palmitaldehyde.


name: endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition involved in heart valve formation

description: A transition where an endocardial cushion cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell that will contribute to the formation of a cardiac valve.


interferon-delta production

description: The appearance of interferon-delta due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


mannose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose.


5-oxovalerate dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-oxovalerate + NADP+ + H2O = glutarate + NADPH + H+.


limit dextrinase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1,6)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in alpha- and beta-limit dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen, and in amylopectin and pullulan.


peptide glutaryltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: glutaryl-CoA + L-lysyl-[protein] = CoA + H+ + N6-glutaryl-L-lysyl-[protein].


positive regulation of saliva secretion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of saliva.


mannitol 2-dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-mannitol + NAD+ = D-fructose + NADH.


tryptophan catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid.


name: molting cycle, collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle

description: The periodic shedding of part or all of a collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle, which is then replaced by a new collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle. An example of this is found in the Nematode worm, Caenorhabditis elegans.


protein-exporting ATPase activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + protein+(in) -> ADP + phosphate + protein+(out); drives the concomitant secretion of proteins.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + leucodopachrome = H+ + cyclo-dopa 5-O-glucoside + UDP.


tRNA guanylyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the posttranscriptional addition of a guanyl residue to the 5' end of a tRNA molecule; observed for His tRNAs.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: indol-3-yl-methyl-desulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = indol-3-yl-methyl-glucosinolate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


male germ-line cyst encapsulation

description: Formation of a single follicular epithelium around the germ-line derived cells of a cyst formed in the male gonad.


name: negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an oxidative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


renal inner medulla development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal inner medulla over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal inner medulla is unique to mammalian kidneys and is the innermost region of the mammalian kidney.


name: DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity, acting on CpN substrates

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA containing CpN = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA containing 5-MeCpN.


name: negative regulation of cholangiocyte apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cholangiocyte apoptotic process.


2-phenylethylamine receptor activity

description: Combining with the biogenic amine 2-phenylethylamine to initiate a change in cell activity.


face development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a face from an initial condition to its mature state. The face is the ventral division of the head.


regulation of feeding behavior

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the behavior associated with the intake of food.


name: regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway.


fluorene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fluorene, a tricyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon containing a five-membered ring. It is a major component of fossil fuels and their derivatives and is also a by-product of coal-conversion and energy-related industries. It is commonly found in vehicle exhaust emissions, crude oils, motor oils, coal and oil combustion products, waste incineration, and industrial effluents.


name: complement component C3b receptor activity

description: Combining with the C3b product of the complement cascade and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + O2 = glycerone phosphate + H2O2.


myrtenal dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: myrtenal + H2O = 2 H+ + 2 e- + myrtenic acid.


name: generation of mature 3'-end of LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA)

description: Any process involved in generating the mature 3'-end of an LSU-rRNA derived from a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript.


follicular dendritic cell activation

description: A change in the morphology or behavior of a follicular dendritic cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.


endosome fission

description: The process by which early and late endosomes undergo budding and fission reactions that separate regions destined for lysosomal degradation from carriers to be recycled to the plasma membrane.


CAG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CAG codon.


name: cell-matrix adhesion involved in tangential migration using cell-cell interactions

description: The interaction of a cell and the extracellular matrix involved in the directed tangential movement of cells mediated by cell-cell interactions in the developing cerebral cortex.


name: protein maturation by [4Fe-4S] cluster transfer

description: The transfer of an assembled 4Fe-4S] cluster from a scaffold protein to an acceptor protein that contributes to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein.


name: P-type calcium transporter activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

description: A calcium-transporting P-type ATPase activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration.


name: negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide.


protein localization to membrane raft

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a membrane raft.


name: heat shock-mediated polytene chromosome puffing

description: The decondensing (loosening) and swelling of the chromosomal sites of heat shock genes on polytene chromosomes in response to a heat shock stimulus.


name: negative regulation of cuticle pigmentation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in the cuticle of an organism.


name: histone H3K56 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H3 L-lysine (position 56) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 56). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the lysine residue at position 56 of the histone H3 protein.


galactitol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactitol, the hexitol derived by the reduction of the aldehyde group of either D- or L-galactose.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


nerve development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


name: response to G2 transition size control checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of G2/M transition size control checkpoint signaling.


positive regulation of glucose import

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.


diencephalon development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the diencephalon over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The diencephalon is the paired caudal parts of the prosencephalon from which the thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus and subthalamus are derived; these regions regulate autonomic, visceral and endocrine function, and process information directed to the cerebral cortex.


name: central tolerance induction to self antigen

description: Tolerance induction in the central lymphoid organs directed at self antigens.


microtubule severing ATPase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate. Catalysis of the severing of a microtubule at a specific spot along its length, coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.


S-linalool synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate + H2O = (S)-linalool + diphosphate.


protocatechuate decarboxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate + H+ = catechol + CO2.


name: negative regulation of response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor.


peptidyl-selenocysteine modification

description: The modification of peptidyl-selenocysteine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-isopropylacetanilide + OH- = N-isopropylaniline + acetate.


name: negative regulation of defense response to bacterium

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to bacterium.


name: glomerular parietal epithelial cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a glomerular parietal epithelial cell. Glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport.


glucosylglycerol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucosylglycerol, alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-(1,2)-glycerol.


name: regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling.


description: Catalysis of the exolytic cleavage of disaccharide residues from the non-reducing ends of both polymeric chondroitin sulfates and their oligosaccharide fragments.


name: neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

description: Any neurotransmitter receptor activity that is involved in regulating the concentration of calcium in the postsynaptic cytosol.


endothelin receptor activity

description: Combining with endothelin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP [molybdopterin-synthase sulfur-carrier protein]-Gly-Gly = diphosphate [molybdopterin-synthase sulfur-carrier protein]-Gly-Gly-AMP.


name: regulation of smooth muscle cell-matrix adhesion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell-matrix adhesion.


name: atrial cardiac muscle cell to AV node cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from an atrial cardiomyocyte to an AV node cell.


negative regulation of chemokinesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chemokinesis.


name: plant gross anatomical part developmental process

description: Any developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of a gross anatomical part of a plant from an initial immature state, to a later, more mature state.


name: oxazole or thiazole biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of oxazole or thiazole, five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen and a sulfur, respectively, in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position.


cargo adaptor activity

description: Binding directly to the structural scaffolding elements of a vesicle coat (such as clathrin or COPII), and bridging the membrane, cargo receptor, and membrane deformation machinery.


seed coat development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the seed coat over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


insemination

description: The introduction of semen or sperm into the genital tract of a female.


citrate CoA-transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + citrate = acetate + (3S)-citryl-CoA.


name: immune response-inhibiting cell surface receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to a receptor on the surface of the target cell capable of inhibiting an immune response.


indole phytoalexin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving indole phytoalexins, any indole compound produced by plants as part of their defense response.


name: regulation of lignin biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lignin biosynthetic process.


hopanoid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hopanoids, pentacyclic sterol-like compounds based on the hopane nucleus.


sexual sporulation

description: The formation of spores derived from the products of meiosis.


undecaprenyl-diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate + H2O = di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl phosphate + H+ + phosphate.


regulation of response to calcium ion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to calcium ion.


name: regulation of meiotic joint molecule formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic joint molecule formation. Meiotic joint molecule formation is the conversion of the paired broken DNA and homologous duplex DNA into a four-stranded branched intermediate, known as a joint molecule, formed during meiotic recombination.


6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction 6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose + ATP = 6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose-1-phosphate + ADP.


neural retina development

description: The progression of the neural retina over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The neural retina is the part of the retina that contains neurons and photoreceptor cells.


description: The movement of a thymocyte through distinct intrathymic niches (e.g. medulla, cortex), where it receives a unique set of developmental cues required for T-cell development, dependent on fibronectin in the extracellular matrix.


Z-phenylacetaldoxime metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving Z-phenylacetaldoxime, a member of the glucosinolate group of compounds, a class of natural products that are gaining increasing interest as cancer-preventing agents and crop protectants.


strigolactone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving strigolactone.


chitosan binding

description: Binding to chitosan.


regulation of cell fate commitment

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell fate commitment. Cell fate commitment is the commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a cell (the initial one-cell zygote) or within a developmental field.


name: positive regulation of synaptic plasticity

description: A process that increases synaptic plasticity, the ability of synapses to change as circumstances require. They may alter function, such as increasing or decreasing their sensitivity, or they may increase or decrease in actual numbers.


developmental induction

description: A developmental process involving two tissues in which one tissue (the inducer) produces a signal that directs cell fate commitment of cells in the second tissue (the responder).


name: positive regulation of artery morphogenesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of artery morphogenesis.


GTP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GTP, guanosine triphosphate.


name: D-ribose 5-phosphate:D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate transaldolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: sedoheptulose 7-phosphate + D-ribose 5-phosphate = D-glycero-D-altro-octulose 8-phosphate + D-erythrose 4-phosphate.


cellular response to cholecystokinin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholecystokinin stimulus.


name: positive regulation of response to wounding

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to wounding.


interleukin-20 receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-20 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: positive regulation of behavioral fear response

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of behavioral fear response.


name: silicon efflux transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of silicon from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.


phosphorus utilization

description: A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary phosphorus source and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary phosphorus source and to transport and metabolize alternative phosphorus sources. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects phosphorus levels, includes the phosphorus-containing substances, and ends when phosphorus is incorporated into the cell or organism's metabolism.


purine nucleobase catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleobases, one of the two classes of nitrogen-containing ring compounds found in DNA and RNA, which include adenine and guanine.


name: endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane tethering

description: The attachment of an endoplasmic reticulum membrane to the plasma membrane via molecular tethers.


wing disc morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures derived from the wing disc are generated and organized. This includes the transformation of a wing imaginal disc from a monolayered epithelium in the larvae of holometabolous insects into recognizable adult structures including the wing hinge, wing blade and pleura.


beta-fructofuranosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a fructofuranosylated fructofuranosyl acceptor + H2O = a non fructofuranosylated fructofuranosyl acceptor + a beta-D-fructofuranoside.


teichoic acid D-alanylation

description: The formation of a D-alanyl ester of teichoic acid. Alanylation of teichoic acids modulates the properties of the bacterial cell wall and modulates the inflammatory properties of the teichoic acid.


name: antigen processing and presentation initiated by receptor mediated uptake of antigen

description: Antigen processing and presentation which is initiated by uptake of antigen bound to a cell surface receptor.


peptidyl-lysine 4-dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: protein L-lysine + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = protein 4-hydroxy-L-lysine + succinate + CO2.


name: smoothened signaling pathway involved in lung development

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane Smoothened-type protein. This process contributes to lung development.


name: regulation of nitrogen cycle metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nitrogen cycle metabolic process.


sulfite reductase (ferredoxin) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen sulfide + 3 oxidized ferredoxin + 3 H2O = sulfite + 3 reduced ferredoxin.


name: isocitrate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: isocitrate + NAD(P)+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NAD(P)H.


name: glycyl-radical enzyme activating activity

description: Catalyzes the activation of an enzyme by generating an organic free radical on a glycine residue via a homolytic cleavage of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM).


name: cross-receptor inhibition within G protein-coupled receptor heterodimer

description: Inhibition of one protomer of a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) heterodimer by the associated subunit. For example, agonist activation of one cytokine receptor can prevent activation of its associated cytokine receptor subunit.


name: protein-arginine omega-N symmetric methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the addition of a second methyl group to methylated peptidyl-arginine. Methylation is on the terminal nitrogen (omega nitrogen) residue that is not already methylated, resulting in symmetrical peptidyl-N(omega),N'(omega)-dimethyled arginine residues.


thyroid hormone binding

description: Binding to thyroxine (T4) or triiodothyronine (T3), tyrosine-based hormones produced by the thyroid gland.


name: negative regulation of epithelial tube formation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial tube formation.


name: blood vessel endothelial cell delamination

description: The process of negative regulation of cell adhesion that results in blood vessel endothelial cells splitting off from an existing endothelial sheet.


semi-lunar valve development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a semi-lunar valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


name: regulation of compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process.


description: Binding to 5(S)-hydroxyperoxy-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-icosatetraenoic acid, a straight-chain fatty acid with twenty carbon atoms and four double bonds.


name: regulation of spontaneous neurotransmitter secretion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of spontaneous neurotransmitter secretion.


ADP-specific glucokinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ADP + D-glucose = AMP + D-glucose 6-phosphate.


name: regulation of defense response to fungus

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to fungus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methylpropanoyl-CoA + H+ + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] = (2E)-2-methylpropenoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein].


cellular response to leukotriene B4

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a leukotriene B4 stimulus.


name: negative regulation of placenta blood vessel development

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of placenta blood vessel development.


name: negative regulation of flavonoid biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavonoids.


chlorophenol 4-monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the addition or substitution of an OH group on C4 of a halogenated phenol.


floral meristem determinacy

description: The process in which a floral meristem becomes determinate (i.e. ceases to produce lateral organs and may or may not terminally differentiate).


name: positive regulation of natural killer cell activation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell activation.


peptidyl-methionine oxidation

description: The oxidation of peptidyl-L-methionine to peptidyl-L-methionine sulfone.


name: pentacyclic triterpenoid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 5 carbon rings.


iminodiacetate dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: iminodiacetate + OH- = H+ + 2 e- + glyoxylate + glycine.


description: Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of the N,N'-diacetylchitobiosyl unit in high-mannose glycopeptides and glycoproteins containing the -[Man(GlcNAc)2]Asn-structure. One N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue remains attached to the protein; the rest of the oligosaccharide is released intact.


name: negative regulation of calcium-mediated signaling

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium-mediated signaling.


multicellular organism adhesion

description: The attachment of a multicellular organism to a substrate or other organism.


name: cytochrome P450 dependent ent-sandaracopimaradiene 3-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ent-sandaracopimara-8(14),15-diene + NADPH + H+ + O2 = ent-sandaracopimaradien-3beta-ol + NADP + H2O.


name: negative regulation of antigen processing and presentation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation.


rhombomere boundary formation

description: The process that gives rise to a rhombomere boundary. This process pertains to the initial formation of a boundary delimiting a rhombomere. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon that are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates. Rhombomeres are numbered in anterior to posterior order.


name: apolipoprotein A-I-mediated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by apolipoprotein A-I binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


UTP binding

description: Binding to UTP, uridine 5'-triphosphate.


name: modification of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton

description: Any process that modifies the structure of a postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton.


phthalate 3,4-dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: phthalate + O2 + NADH + H+ = phthalate 3,4-cis-dihydrodiol + NAD+.


allantoate deiminase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: allantoate + H2O + H+ = CO2 + NH3 + ureidoglycine.


name: positive regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling in response to detection of lipopolysaccharide.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of one or more alpha-D-mannose residues from GDP-mannose to positions 2,6 and others in 1-phosphatidyl-myo-inositol.


phototaxis

description: The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to light.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: quercetin 3,3'-bissulfate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = quercetin 3,3',7-trissulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


midgut development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the midgut over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The midgut is the middle part of the alimentary canal from the stomach, or entrance of the bile duct, to, or including, the large intestine.


AMP-thymidine kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: AMP + thymidine = adenosine + thymidine 5'-phosphate.


name: indole-3-acetaldehyde reductase (NADPH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-ethanol + NADP+ = (indol-3-yl)acetaldehyde + H+ + NADPH.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1L-1-O-(indol-3-yl)acetyl-myo-inositol + UDP-D-galactose = 5-O-(indol-3-ylacetyl)-myo-inositol D-galactoside + H+ + UDP.


isoleucyl-tRNA aminoacylation

description: The process of coupling isoleucine to isoleucyl-tRNA, catalyzed by isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. The isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a isoleucine-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.


name: regulation of intermediate mesodermal cell fate determination

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intermediate mesoderm cell fate determination.


regulation of gastric acid secretion

description: Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of gastric secretion. Gastric secretion is the regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion.


name: short-chain fatty acyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a short-chain 2,3-saturated fatty acyl-CoA + H+ + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] = a short-chain (2E)-enoyl-CoA + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein]. A short-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing fewer than 6 carbons.


name: glycerophosphodiester transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of glycerophosphodiesters from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycerophosphodiesters are small molecules composed of glycerol-3-phosphate and an alcohol, for example, glycerophosphoinositol.


description: The removal of tubulin heterodimers from one or both ends of a cytoplasmic microtubule.


name: indole acetic acid carboxyl methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: indole acetic acid + S-adenosyl-methionine = methyl indole acetic acid ester + S-adenosyl-homocysteine.


encysted zoospore germination

description: The physiological, developmental and morphological changes that occur in an encysted zoospore, that germinates by developing a germ tube that may penetrate the host directly or indirectly through an appressorium. An encysted zoospore is a zoospore which has shed its flagellum and whose membrane has fused to form a walled cyst. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


sulfinylpropanyl adenylate synthase

description: Catalysis of the reaction: cysteine sulfanate + GTP + IMP = sulfinylpropanyl adenylate + GDP + 3 H+ + phosphate.


name: regulation of ribonucleoprotein complex localization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ribonucleoprotein complex localization.


pronephric duct morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the pronephric duct are generated and organized. The pronephric duct collects the filtrate from the pronephric tubules and opens to the exterior of the kidney.


name: regulation of DNA replication termination

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA replication termination.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA + 3 malonyl-CoA = 3 CO2 + 2,3',4,6-tetrahydroxybenzophenone + 4 coenzyme A.


name: TRAMP-dependent tRNA surveillance pathway

description: A nuclear tRNA surveillance pathway, dependent on the TRAMP exosome adaptor and the nuclear exosome.


multivesicular body organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a multivesicular body. A multivesicular body is a type of late endosome in which regions of the limiting endosomal membrane invaginate to form internal vesicles; membrane proteins that enter the internal vesicles are sequestered from the cytoplasm.


HNK-1 sulfotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the synthesis of the HKK-1 carbohydrate epitope; adds a sulfate group to a precursor, GlcA-beta-(1->3)-Gal-beta-(1->4)-GlcNAc-beta-(1->R), forming sulfo-3GlcA-beta-(1->3)-Gal-beta-(1->4)-GlcNAc-beta-(1->R).


name: endonucleolytic cleavage to generate mature 5'-end of SSU-rRNA from (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA)

description: Endonucleolytic cleavage between the 5'-External Transcribed Spacer (5'-ETS) and the 5' end of the SSU-rRNA of a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript, to produce the mature end of the SSU-rRNA.


name: negative regulation of SREBP signaling pathway in response to increased oxygen levels

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the SREBP signaling pathway in response to an increase in oxygen levels.


name: production of molecular mediator involved in inflammatory response

description: The synthesis or release of any molecular mediator of the inflammatory response following an inflammatory stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: regulation of keratinocyte apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte apoptotic process.


theanine hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N(5)-ethyl-L-glutamine + H2O = L-glutamate + ethylamine.


name: negative regulation of ERBB4 signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ERBB4 signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of female pigmentation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of a pattern of pigment in females.


regulation of macrophage proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage proliferation.


learning or memory

description: The acquisition and processing of information and/or the storage and retrieval of this information over time.


erythrocyte clearance

description: The selective elimination of erythrocytes from the body by autoregulatory mechanisms.


stomatal opening

description: The process of opening of stomata, pores in the epidermis of leaves and stems bordered by two guard cells and serving in gas exchange.


glucosinolate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucosinolates, substituted thioglucosides found in rapeseed products and related cruciferae. They are metabolized to a variety of toxic products which are most likely the cause of hepatocytic necrosis in animals and humans.


name: regulation of response to cell cycle checkpoint signaling

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of response to cell cycle checkpoint signaling.


name: endoplasmic reticulum membrane biogenesis

description: The process in which an endoplasmic reticulum membrane is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together.


name: positive regulation of response to G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling.


name: positive regulation of chromosome attachment to the nuclear envelope

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chromosome attachment to the nuclear envelope.


name: histone H3K36 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H3 L-lysine (position 36) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 36). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the lysine residue at position 36 of the histone H3 protein.


name: soyasapogenol B UDP-glucosyl transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose(2-) + soyasapogenol B = UDP(3-) + a soyasapogenol B monoglucoside.


name: positive regulation of defense response to oomycetes

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of defense response to oomycetes.


name: lectin-induced modified bacterial internalization

description: The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a symbiont organism, mediated by secretion of lectins which bind to the bacterial surface. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


regulation of transcytosis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcytosis.


tetrahydrofolate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tetrahydrofolate, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid, a folate derivative bearing additional hydrogens on the pterin group.


name: negative regulation of renal albumin absorption

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of renal albumin absorption.


name: regulation of calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that require the presence of calcium for the interaction.


capsorubin synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: violaxanthin = capsorubin.


name: regulation of renal amino acid absorption

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of renal amino acid absorption.


name: regulation of post-embryonic development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of post-embryonic development. Post-embryonic development is defined as the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the organism over time, from the completion of embryonic development to the mature structure.


name: planar cell polarity pathway involved in axon guidance

description: Any Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway that is involved in axon guidance.


name: cell adhesion involved in single-species biofilm formation

description: The attachment of a cell to a solid substrate, via cell adhesion molecules, during the formation of a biofilm composed of microorganisms of the same species.


heme B catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heme b, a Fe(II) porphyrin complex readily isolated from the hemoglobin of beef blood, but also found in other proteins including other hemoglobins, myoglobins, cytochromes P-450, catalases, peroxidases as well as b type cytochromes.


name: cellular modified histidine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of compounds derived from histidine, 2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propanoic acid.


GDP-L-fucose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving GDP-L-fucose, a substance composed of L-fucose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.


name: positive regulation of conidiophore development

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores.


hexulose-6-phosphate isomerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabino-3-hexulose 6-phosphate = D-fructose 6-phosphate.


name: oligosaccharide transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of oligosaccharide from one side of a membrane to the other.


response to vitamin B2

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B2 stimulus.


name: positive regulation of lipid catabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids.


intrachromosomal DNA recombination

description: The process of DNA recombination occurring within a single chromosome.


name: regulation of axial mesodermal cell fate specification

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of axial mesoderm cell fate specification.


cyanate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cyanate, NCO-, the anion of cyanic acid.


polyphosphate kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + phosphate(n) = ADP + phosphate(n+1).


phytoceramidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a phytoceramide + H2O = a fatty acid + phytosphingosine.


rRNA endonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester linkage between guanosine and adenosine residues at one specific position in 28S rRNA from rat ribosomes.


spermine acetylation

description: The modification of spermine by addition of acetyl groups.


name: positive regulation of plasmacytoid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of plasmacytoid dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation.


digestive tract development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the digestive tract over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The digestive tract is the anatomical structure through which food passes and is processed.


methanesulfonic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving methanesulfonic acid, a strong acid produced by the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide.


response to phenylpropanoid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as the result of a phenylpropanoid stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. A phenylpropanoid is any of secondary metabolites with structures based on a phenylpropane skeleton. The class includes phenylpropanoid esters, flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins and many small phenolic molecules. Phenylpropanoids are also precursors of lignin.


name: mesonephric mesenchymal cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesenchymal cells of the mesonephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


type III interferon receptor activity

description: Combining with a type III interferon and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


name: long-chain fatty acid--protein ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a long-chain fatty acid + ATP + L-cysteinyl-[protein] = AMP + diphosphate + S-(long-chain fatty acyl)-L-cysteinyl-[protein]. A long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 13 to 22 carbons.


name: follicle-stimulating hormone signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by follicle-stimulating hormone binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: vasoconstriction by vasopressin involved in systemic arterial blood pressure control

description: The decrease in blood vessel diameter as a result of the release of vasopressin into the blood stream.


positive regulation of viral life cycle

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral life cycle.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a cytidine in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = a 5-methylcytidine in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+. This modification can occur on seversal residues, including cytidine(34), cytidine(40), cytidine(48), and cytidine(49).


name: regulation of non-professional antigen presenting cell antigen processing and presentation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of non-professional antigen presenting cell antigen processing and presentation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: flavonol 3-O-D-glucoside + UDP-L-rhamnose = flavonol 3-O-L-rhamnosylglucoside + UDP.


name: biotin transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of biotin from one side of a membrane to the other. Biotin is cis-tetrahydro-2-oxothieno(3,4-d)imidazoline-4-valeric acid; the (+) enantiomer is very widely distributed in cells and serves as a carrier in a number of enzymatic beta-carboxylation reactions.


tRNA 4-thiouridine biosynthesis

description: The processes whereby a uridine residue in a tRNA is converted to 4-thiouridine. Typically 4-thiouridine is found at position 8, in many transfer RNAs.


cellular response to diethyl maleate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diethyl maleate stimulus.


name: histone H2B C-terminal K residue ubiquitin ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a ubiquitin molecule to a histone 2B at the conserved C-terminal lysine (K) residue. The last K residue is at position 119 in fission yeast, 123 in budding yeast, and 120 in mammals.


methionine S-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + L-methionine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + S-methyl-L-methionine.


name: regulation of octopamine or tyramine signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of octopamine or tyramine signaling pathway.


name: negative regulation of ribonucleoprotein complex localization

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ribonucleoprotein complex localization.


mini excitatory postsynaptic potential

description: A process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell, induced by the spontaneous release of a single vesicle of an excitatory neurotransmitter into the synapse.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (2Z)-2,4-dihydroxydec-2-enedioate = pyruvate + 7-oxoheptanoate.


photoreceptor cell fate specification

description: The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a photoreceptor cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-mannose + undecaprenyl phosphate = GDP + D-mannosyl-1-phosphoundecaprenol.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = H+ + cyanidin 3-O-beta-(2-O-beta-D-glucuronosyl)-beta-D-glucoside + UDP.


phenyllactate dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-3-phenyllactate + NAD+ = 3-phenylpyruvate + H+ + NADH.


regulation of growth rate

description: Any process that modulates the rate of growth of all or part of an organism.


muscle cell fate determination

description: The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a muscle cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed.


sclerotome development

description: The progression of the sclerotome over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The sclerotome is the portion of the somite that will give rise to a vertebra.


intermicrovillar adhesion

description: The cell-cell adhesion process by which adjacent microvilli attach to each other through Ca(2+)-dependent adhesion links made of protocadherin-24 and mucin-like protocadherin.


1-methyladenosine nucleosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-methyladenosine + H2O = 1-methyladenine + ribofuranose.


name: erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid.


abaxial cell fate specification

description: The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an abaxial cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


histone glutaryltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: glutaryl-CoA + histone = CoA + H+ + N6-glutaryl-histone.


name: negative regulation of potassium:proton exchanging ATPase activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hydrogen:potassium-exchanging ATPase activity.


cordyol C metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cordyol C.


name: poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of poly(glucopyranosyl N-acetylgalactosamine 1-phosphate) teichoic acid.


name: site-specific DNA-methyltransferase (cytosine-N4-specific) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA N4-methylcytosine.


name: long-chain fatty-acyl-glutamate deacylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-long-chain-fatty-acyl-L-glutamate + H2O = a fatty acid anion + L-glutamate.


name: negative regulation of sensory perception of pain

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sensory perception of pain.


ventral cochlear nucleus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventral cochlear nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + L-phenylalanine + ATP = H+ + indole-3-acetyl-phenylalanine + AMP + diphosphoric acid.


response to calcium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a calcium ion stimulus.


stizolobinate synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine + O2 = 5-(L-alanin-3-yl)-2-hydroxy-cis,cis-muconate 6-semialdehyde.


response to dodecane

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dodecane stimulus.


convergent extension

description: The morphogenetic process in which an epithelium narrows along one axis and lengthens in a perpendicular axis.


endo-beta-bergamotene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-cis,6-cis-farnesyl diphosphate = (+)-endo-beta-bergamotene + diphosphoric acid.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP-L-fucose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + GDP + H+.


name: positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of SMAD protein signal transduction.


response to parathyroid hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a parathyroid hormone stimulus.


name: negative regulation of monocyte aggregation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte aggregation.


ventricular zone cell fate commitment

description: The commitment of neuroblast to become a basal progenitor cell. Basal progenitor cells are neuronal precursor cells that are committed to becoming neurons.


name: negative regulation of non-professional antigen presenting cell antigen processing and presentation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of non-professional antigen presenting cell antigen processing and presentation.


peptidyl-lysine deglycation

description: The removal of a sugar or dicarbonyl from a lysine residue of a glycated protein.


6-phospho-beta-glucosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 6-phospho-beta-D-glucoside-(1,4)-D-glucose + H2O = D-glucose 6-phosphate + glucose.


phenylacetate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylacetate.


name: circadian regulation of calcium ion oscillation

description: Any process that modulates the concentration of cytosolic free calcium ion [Ca2+]cyt with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-beta-L-arabinopyranose = 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + UDP-4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-L-arabinopyranose.


hypoglossal nucleus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hypoglossal nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


name: negative regulation of mitotic DNA damage checkpoint

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic DNA damage checkpoint.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-mercaptopyruvate + cyanide = pyruvate + thiocyanate.


thiamine diphosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving thiamine diphosphate, a derivative of thiamine (vitamin B1) which acts as a coenzyme in a range of processes including the Krebs cycle.


name: regulation of trophectodermal cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trophectodermal cell proliferation.


name: intracellular distribution of mitochondria

description: Any process that establishes the spatial arrangement of mitochondria within the cell.


name: detection of temperature stimulus involved in thermoception

description: The series of events in which a temperature stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal as part of thermoception.


name: D-mannose 6-phosphate 1-epimerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-mannose 6-phosphate = beta-D-mannose 6-phosphate.


name: hydrolase activity, acting on acid carbon-phosphorus bonds

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any acid carbon-phosphorus bond.


chemosynthesis

description: The cellular metabolic process in which organic chemical compounds are synthesized from carbon-containing molecules and nutrients using energy obtained from the oxidation of inorganic compounds or methane.


stamen development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stamen over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


name: regulation of Rap protein signal transduction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rap protein signal transduction.


glycoside metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosides, compounds in which a glycosyl group is substituted into a hydroxyl, thiol or selenol group in another compound.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: dTDP-6-deoxy-L-talose + NADP+ = dTDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-L-mannose + H+ + NADPH.


name: cholesterol 7-desaturase (NAD(P)H) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + H+ + NAD(P)H + O2 = 7-dehydrocholesterol + 2 H2O + NAD(P)+.


fear-induced aggressive behavior

description: Aggressive behavior associated with attempts to flee from a threat.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: laricitrin(1-) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + 3',4'-dimethylmyricetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


hypoxanthine DNA N-glycosylase activity

description: DNA N-glycosylase activity acting on deaminated adenine (hypoxanthine).


c-di-GMP signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another using c-di-GMP as the signal.


nicotianamine synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = 3 S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + 3 H+ + nicotianamine.


name: negative adaptation of signaling pathway

description: The negative regulation of a signal transduction pathway in response to a stimulus upon prolonged exposure to that stimulus.


name: cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress

description: The physiological enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart muscle due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division, as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis.


indolebutyric acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving indolebutyric acid, a compound that serves as an active or storage form of the hormone indole-3-acetic acid (an auxin) in many plants.


name: metanephric glomerular mesangial cell fate commitment

description: The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a metanephric glomerular mesangial cell.


name: formation of haustorium for nutrient acquisition

description: The assembly of a haustorium, a projection from a symbiotic cell or tissue that penetrates the host's tissues for the purpose of obtaining nutrients. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


glycerone kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + glycerone = ADP + glycerone phosphate + 2 H+.


name: high-affinity nickel cation transmembrane transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the high-affinity transfer of nickel (Ni) cations from one side of a membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


curli assembly

description: The process of assembly of curli, extracellular fibers produced by enteric bacteria. This process occurs outside the cell, where it is coupled to secretion across the cell outer membrane via nucleation by elements of the transporter complex.


purine nucleoside interconversion

description: The chemical reactions and pathways by which a purine nucleoside is synthesized from another purine nucleoside.


sarcosine dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: sarcosine + H2O + electron-transfer flavoprotein = glycine + formaldehyde + reduced electron-transfer flavoprotein.


name: trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic complex

description: Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse mediated by a trans-synaptic protein complex.


6-hydroxycineole catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-hydroxycineole (6-hydroxy-1,8-epoxy-p-menthane), a hydrocarbon with the formula C10H18O2.


DIM/DIP cell wall layer assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components, including (phenyl)phthiocerol, phthiodiolone, phthiotriol dimycocerosate and diphthioceranate, to form the DIM/DIP layer of the Actinobacterium-type cell wall.


name: chemorepulsion involved in embryonic olfactory bulb interneuron precursor migration

description: The creation and reception of signals that guide olfactory bulb interneuron precursors down concentration gradients towards the olfactory bulb.


sorbose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving sorbose, the ketohexose xylo-2-hexulose. Sorbose is produced commercially by fermentation and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of ascorbic acid.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4alpha-hydroxymethyl-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NADH + O2 + H+ = 4alpha-formyl-stigmasta-7,24(241)-dien-3beta-ol + NAD + 2 H2O.


cilium disassembly

description: A cellular process that results in the breakdown of a cilium.


C-X3-C chemokine receptor activity

description: Combining with a C-X3-C chemokine and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. A C-X3-C chemokine has three amino acids between the first two cysteines of the characteristic four-cysteine motif.


t-SNARE clustering

description: The clustering process in which t-SNARES are localized to distinct domains in the cell membrane. t-SNAREs are cell surface proteins which are part of secretory microdomain assemblies.


name: high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a high-density lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by hepatic lipase, with the subsequent loss of free fatty acid, and the transfer of cholesterol esters from LDL to a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), with the simultaneous transfer of triglyceride to LDL.


histone H3 arginine deiminase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + histone H3 L-arginyl = histone H3 L-citrullyl + NH4+, resulting in histone H3 citrullination.


oxytocin production

description: The appearance of oxytocin, a cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG, due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Oxytocin is the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary, and together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, is believed to influence social cognition and behavior. It also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain.


name: regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the circadian sleep/wake cycle.


pyruvate kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: = ADP + H+ + phosphoenolpyruvate => ATP + pyruvate.


detection of external stimulus

description: The series of events in which an external stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


name: regulation of activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process.


name: high density lipoprotein particle mediated signaling

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of high density lipoprotein particle.


sorocarp stalk cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a sorocarp stalk cell, any of the cellulose-covered cells that form the stalk of a sorocarp. An example of this process is found in Dictyostelium discoideum.


name: very long-chain fatty acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a very long-chain fatty acid. A very long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing more than 22 carbons.


depurination

description: The disruption of the bond between the sugar in the backbone and the A or G base, causing the base to be removed and leaving a depurinated sugar.


glyceryl-ether monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-alkyl-sn-glycerol + O2 + (tetrahydrobiopterin/tetrahydropteridine) = 1-hydroxyalkyl-sn-glycerol + H2O + (dihydrobiopterin/dihydropteridine).


cell migration involved in gastrulation

description: The migration of individual cells within the blastocyst to help establish the multi-layered body plan of the organism (gastrulation). For example, the migration of cells from the surface to the interior of the embryo (ingression).


name: regulation of central tolerance induction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of central tolerance induction.


name: hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amidines

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a linear amidine, a compound of the form R-C(=NH)-NH2.


perception of static position

description: The perception of the orientation of different parts of the body with respect to one another.


name: vesicle targeting, trans-Golgi to endosome

description: The process in which vesicles are directed to specific destination membranes during transport from the trans-Golgi to the endosome.


name: ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of ions, rotational mechanism

description: Enables the transfer of ions from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + ion(in) = ADP + phosphate + ion(out), by a rotational mechanism.


fructose uniporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: fructose(out) = fructose(in).


name: positive regulation of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen.


glutamate-tRNA(Gln) ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA(Glx) + L-glutamate + ATP = glutamyl-tRNA(Glx) + diphosphate + AMP.


pyruvate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: CoA + NADP+ + pyruvate = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + NADPH.


vibriobactin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving vibriobactin, the major siderophore produced by Vibrio cholerae.


name: regulation of (Z)-nonadeca-1,14-diene metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of (Z)-nonadeca-1,14-diene metabolic process.


name: mast cell activation involved in immune response

description: The change in morphology and behavior of a mast cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the mast cell has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3,5-dimethoxyphenol + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


name: xanthosine:proton symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: xanthosine(out) + H+(out) = xanthosine(in) + H+(in).


name: venous endothelial cell migration involved in lymph vessel development

description: The orderly movement of venous endothelial cells out of the veins giving rise to the precursors of lymphatic endothelial cells.


CoA-transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a coenzyme A (CoA) group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


myoblast fate commitment in head

description: The process, taking place in the head, whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


cellular response to auxin stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an auxin stimulus.


name: arachidonic acid 11,12-epoxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of an NADPH- and oxygen-dependent reaction that converts arachidonic acid to cis-11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid.


xylan catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of xylan, a polymer containing a beta-1,4-linked D-xylose backbone.


name: L-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + NADP = H+ + L-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + NADPH.


primary follicle stage

description: The stage in oogenesis when a single layer of cuboidal follicle cells surrounds the oocyte. The oocyte nucleus is large.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + m7G(5')pppR-RNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + m7G(5')pppRm-RNA. R may be guanosine or adenosine.


aldose sugar dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + an aldose + an oxidized electron acceptor = H+ + an aldonate + a reduced electron acceptor.


name: follicle-stimulating hormone receptor activity

description: Combining with follicle-stimulating hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.


substance K receptor activity

description: Combining with substance K, the peptide His-Lys-Thr-Asp-Ser-Phe-Val-Gly-Leu-Met, to initiate a change in cell activity.


putrescine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane; putrescine can be formed by decarboxylation of ornithine and is the metabolic precursor of spermidine and spermine.


regulation of cardioblast proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating.


name: protein insertion into mitochondrial inner membrane from matrix

description: The process in which a protein is incorporated into the mitochondrial inner membrane from the matrix side. This includes membrane insertion of newly synthesized mitochondrially-encoded proteins, and insertion of nuclear-encoded proteins after their import into the mitochondrial matrix.


regulation of vulval development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of development of the vulva. Vulval development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the egg-laying organ of female and hermaphrodite nematodes over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In nematodes, the vulva is formed from ventral epidermal cells during larval stages to give rise to a fully formed vulva in the adult.


UAG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UAG codon.


name: anterior lateral line nerve glial cell development

description: The process aimed at the progression of a glial cell in the anterior lateral line nerve over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


name: positive regulation by host of viral transcription

description: Any process in which a host organism activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral transcription, the synthesis of either RNA on a template of DNA or DNA on a template of RNA.


optic chiasma development

description: The developmental process pertaining to the progression of the optic chiasm from its initial formation to the mature structure. The process begins when the pathfinding of the axons of the developing optic nerve cause some axons to cross at the midline of the brain and ends when the axons are mature.