benzothiadiazine

Heterocyclic compound of a ring with sulfur and two nitrogen atoms fused to a benzene ring. Members inhibit sodium-potassium-chloride symporters and are used as diuretics.


ansamycin

A class of macrocyclic lactams that consist of an aromatic (phenyl or naphthyl) or quinonoid (benzoquinone or naphthoquinone) moiety that is bridged by an aliphatic chain.


diazole

An azole that is either one of a pair of heterocyclic organic compounds comprising three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms arranged in a ring.


crown amine

Crown compounds containing only nitrogen as coordinating atom.


gamma-lactam

A lactam in which the amide bond is contained within a five-membered ring, which includes the amide nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon.


Any flavonol carrying a 7-hydroxy substituent.


glutamine derivative

A glutamic acid derivative resulting from reaction of glutamine acid at the amino group, the carboxy group, or the side-chain carboxamide, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing glutamine residues.


hydracid

A hydracid is a compound which contains hydrogen that is not bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons).


ketoxime

Oximes of ketones R2C=NOH (where R =/= H).


name: chronic mountain sickness, susceptibility to

category: biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing


name: coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 2


mixture

A mixture is a chemical substance composed of multiple molecules, at least two of which are of a different kind.


racemate

A racemate is an equimolar mixture of a pair of enantiomers.


diastereoisomeric mixture

A mixture composed of two or more diastereoisomers (stereoisomers not related as mirror images).


name: restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 1


difluorobenzene

Any member of the class of fluorobenzenes containing a mono- or poly-substituted benzene ring carrying two fluorine atoms.


Neoplastic Epithelial Cell

category: biolink:Cell biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent


name: Neoplastic Glandular Cell with Clear Cytoplasm


hydroxamic acid

A compound, RkE(=O)lNHOH, derived from an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH) (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH with -NHOH, and derivatives thereof. Specific examples of hydroxamic acids are preferably named as N-hydroxy amides.


L-SULFORAPHANE

A sulforaphane in which the sulfinyl group has S configuration.


disaccharide

A compound in which two monosaccharides are joined by a glycosidic bond.


lysine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of lysine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of lysine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing lysine residues.


L-lysine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-lysine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-lysine by a heteroatom.


azamacrocycle

A cyclic macromolecule containing one or more nitrogen atoms in place of carbon either as the divalent group NH for the group CH2 or a single trivalent nitrogen atom for the group CH.


L-glyceraldehyde

The L-enantiomer of glyceraldehyde.


N-acetylarylamine

An acetamide where at at least one of the amide hydrogens is substituted by an aryl group. RNHAc where R is an aryl group.


name: epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 18


organic hydrogensulfate salt

An organic salt containing hydrogensulfate as the anionic component.


organofluorine compound

An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond.


fluorophenol

A halophenol that is any phenol containing one or more covalently bonded fluorine atoms.


monofluorobenzenes

Any member of the class of fluorobenzenes containing a mono- or poly-substituted benzene ring carrying a single fluorine substitutent.


R-FLUOXETINE

An N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine that has R configuration. [The antidepressant drug fluoxetine is a racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine].


trifluorobenzene

Any member of the class of fluorobenzenes carrying three fluorine substituents at unspecified positions.


fluorobiphenyl

Any member of the class of  biphenyls that is a mono or poly-substituted biphenyl having fluro group as one of the substituents.


(trifluoromethyl)benzenes

An organofluorine compound that is (trifluoromethyl)benzene and derivatives arising from substitution of one or more of the phenyl hydrogens.


heteroatomic molecular entity

A molecular entity consisting of two or more chemical elements.


aromatic primary alcohol

Any primary alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.


organic fundamental parent

An organic fundamental parent is a structure used as a basis for substitutive names in organic nomenclature, containing, in addition to one or more hydrogen atoms, a single atom of an element, a number of atoms (alike or different) linked together to form an unbranched chain, a monocyclic or polycyclic ring system, or a ring assembly or ring/chain system.


dihydroxyflavone

Any hydroxyflavone in which two ring hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy substituents.


pentahydroxyflavone

A hydroxyflavone substituted by five hydroxy groups.


cyclopentanols

An alcohol in which one or more hydroxy groups are attached to a cyclopentane skeleton.


trihydroxyflavone

Any  hydroxyflavone carrying three hydroxy groups at unspecified positions.


aliphatic alcohol

An  alcohol derived from an aliphatic compound.


imidic acid

Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing =O by =NR; thus tautomers of amides. In organic chemistry an unspecified imidic acid is generally a carboximidic acid, RC(=NR)(OH).


sulfates

Salts and esters of sulfuric acid


alcohol

A compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom.


ketone hydrate

A 1,1-diol resulting from the formal addition of water to the carbonyl group of a ketone.


tannin

Any of a group of astringent polyphenolic vegetable principles or compounds, chiefly complex glucosides of catechol and pyrogallol.


boronic acids

Compounds having the structure RB(OH)2.


diarylheptanoid

A family of plant metabolites with a common 1,7-diphenylheptane structural skeleton, carrying various substituents. They are mainly distributed in the roots, rhizomes and bark of Alpinia, Zingiber, Curcuma and Alnus species.


sulfamic acids

H2NS(=O)2OH (sulfamic acid) and its N-hydrocarbyl derivatives.


benzyl bromides

Compounds containing a (bromomethyl)benzene skeleton.


maleate salt

Salts from maleic acid.


phenols

Organic aromatic compounds having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a benzene or other arene ring.


name: polychlorinated dibenzodioxines and related compounds

description: Organochlorine compounds that are polychlorinated dibenzodioxines and structurally related entities that are persistant organic pollutants. These include polychlorinated dibenzofurans as well as polychlorinated and polybrominated biphenyls  They vary widely in their toxicity, but their toxic mode of action is through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor.


tyramines

Aralkylamino compounds which contain a tyramine skeleton.


organobromine compound

A compound containing at least one carbon-bromine bond.


nitrophenol

Any member of the class of  phenols or substituted phenols carrying  at least 1 nitro group.


fumarate salt

An organic salt derived from fumaric acid.


diol

A compound that contains two hydroxy groups, generally assumed to be, but not necessarily, alcoholic. Aliphatic diols are also called glycols.


sulfamidate

A compound where an oxygen atom and an amino group are bound to an SO2 unit.


amino alcohol

An alcohol containing an amino functional group in addition to the alcohol-defining hydroxy group.


phenolic donor

Any phenol that acts as an electron donor.


halide

Any heteroatomic molecular entity that is a chemical compound of halogen with other chemical elements.


alkylbenzene

A  monocyclic arene that is benzene substituted with one or more alkyl groups.


glycol

A diol in which the two hydroxy groups are on different carbon atoms, usually but not necessarily adjacent.


sulfamides

Compounds where two amino groups are bound to an SO2 unit.


oxoacid

A compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons).


lipid hydroperoxide

Any lipid carrying one or more hydroperoxy substituents.


allylic alcohol

An alcohol where the hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon atom adjacent to a double bond (R groups may be H, organyl, etc.).


phenylethanolamines

An ethanolamine compound having a phenyl (substituted or unsubstituted) group on the carbon bearing the hydroxy substituent.


addition compound

An addition compound contains two or more simpler compounds that can be packed in a definite ratio into a crystal. The term covers donor-acceptor complexes (adducts) and a variety of lattice compounds.


resorcinols

Any benzenediol in which the two hydroxy groups are meta to one another.


organic sulfate

Compounds of the general formula SO3HOR where R is an organyl group


hydrides

Hydrides are chemical compounds of hydrogen with other chemical elements.


organosulfonic acid

An organic derivative of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon.


hydrobromide

Salts formally resulting from the reaction of hydrobromic acid with an organic base.


halohydrocarbon

A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom.


enol

Alkenols; the term refers specifically to vinylic alcohols, which have the structure HOCR'=CR2. Enols are tautomeric with aldehydes (R' = H) or ketones (R' =/= H).


hexahydroxyflavone

Members of the class of hydroxyflavone that is  flavone substituted by 6 hydroxy groups.


hydroxyflavone

Any flavone in which one or more ring hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy groups.


organic hydroxy compound

An organic compound having at least one hydroxy group attached to a carbon atom.


hydroquinones

Benzenediols that have the hydroxy substituents in the 1- and 4-positions.


tertiary alcohol

A tertiary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has three other carbon atoms attached to it.


(R)-bevantolol

The (R)-enantiomer of bevantolol.


resveratrol

A stilbenol that is stilbene in which the phenyl groups are substituted at positions 3, 5, and 4' by hydroxy groups.


cyclohexanols

An alcohol in which one or more hydroxy groups are attached to a cyclohexane skeleton.


haloalkane

A halohydrocarbon that is an alkane in which at least one hydrogen atom has been replaced by with a halogen atom.


hydroxyether

Any ether carrying a hydroxy group at unspecified position.


hydrocarbon

A compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only.


alkenyl alcohol

Any aliphatic alcohol in which the carbon chain contains one or more olefinic bonds.


N-acylethanolamine

An ethanolamine substituted at nitrogen by an acyl group.


A mononitrophenol that is 2-nitrophenol and its derivatives resulting from substitution of one or more of the hydrogens attached to the benzene ring by a non-nitro group.


main-group coordination entity

A coordination entity in which the central atom to which the ligands are attached comes from groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, or 18 of the periodic table.


oligosaccharide sulfate

Any  carbohydrate sulfate that is an oligosaccharide carrying at least one O-sulfo substituent.


cresol

A hydroxytoluene that consists of toluene carrying a single hydroxy substituent at any position. A 'closed class'.


secondary alcohol

A secondary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has two other carbon atoms attached to it.


mononitrophenol

A nitrophenol that is phenol carrying a single nitro substituent at unspecified position.


polyol

A compound that contains two or more hydroxy groups.


peroxol

Monosubstitution products of hydrogen peroxide HOOH, having the skeleton ROOH, in which R is any organyl group.


dibromobenzene

Any member of the class of bromobenzenes that consists of a benzene or a substituted benzene ring carrying two bromo groups at unspecified positions.


primary allylic alcohol

An allylic alcohol in which the carbon atom that links the double bond to the hydroxy group is also attached to two hydrogens.


phosphorus oxoacid

A pnictogen oxoacid which contains phosphorus and oxygen, at least one hydrogen atom bound to oxygen, and forms an ion by the loss of one or more protons.


C-terminal boronic acid peptide

A member of the class of boronic acids that is any peptide in which the carboxy group at the C-terminus has been replaced by a borono (-B(OH)2) group.


coordination entity

An assembly consisting of a central atom (usually metallic) to which is attached a surrounding array of other groups of atoms (ligands).


sulfuric ester

An ester of an alcohol and sulfuric acid.


acetylenes

Acyclic (branched or unbranched) and cyclic (with or without side chain) hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds.


hydroxides

Hydroxides are chemical compounds containing a hydroxy group or salts containing hydroxide (OH(-)).


arylacetylene

An acetylene with the general formula R(1)-C#C-R(2) where at least one of R(1) or R(2) is an aryl group.


aromatic alcohol

Any alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.


haloalkene

A compound derived from an alkene by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom.


citrate salt

A salt of citric acid.


haloarene

A compound derived from an arene by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom.


octadienol

A primary alcohol that is octanol consisting of two double bonds at unspecified positions.


monohydroxyflavone

A hydroxyflavone carrying a single hydroxy substituent.


(S)-bevantolol

The (S)-enantiomer of bevantolol.


organohalogen compound

A compound containing at least one carbon-halogen bond (where X is a halogen atom).


pentol

A  polyol with five hydroxy groups.


bisphenol

By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom.


succinate salt

A salt of succinic acid.


oxide

An oxide is a chemical compound of oxygen with other chemical elements.


N-sulfonylurea

A urea in which one of the hydrogens attached to a nitrogen of the urea group is replaced by a sulfonyl group. The N-sulfonylurea moiety is a key group in various herbicides, as well as in a number of antidiabetic drugs used in the management of type 2 diabetis mellitus.


sulfonamide

An amide of a sulfonic acid RS(=O)2NR'2.


triol

A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.


stilbenol

Any  stilbenoid with at least one phenolic group.


heteroaryl hydroxy compound

Any organic aromatic compound having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a heteroarene ring.


monocyclic arene

A monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.


bromobenzenes

A member of the class of benzenes that is benzene substituted by at least one bromo group.


isourea

A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.


arene

Any monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.


primary alcohol

A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.


polyphenol

Members of the class of phenols that contain 2 or more benzene rings each of which is substituted by at least one hydroxy group.


flavonols

Any hydroxyflavone in which is the ring hydrogen at position 3 of the heterocyclic ring is replaced by a hydroxy group.


sodium salt

Any alkali metal salt having sodium(1+) as the cation.


Any alcohol in which two hydroxy groups are bonded to the same atom.


organosulfonate salt

Any organic salt prepared using an organosulfonic acid as the acid component.


hydroxytoluene

Any member of the class of  toluenes carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.


Any hydroxyflavone with a hydroxy substituent at position 3'.


A halophenol in which the halogen atom is bonded to the carbon atom adjacent to the C-OH group.


secondary allylic alcohol

An allylic alcohol in which the carbon atom that links the double bond to the hydroxy group is also attached to one other carbon and one hydrogen.


hydroperoxide

A monosubstitution product of hydrogen peroxide, HOOH.


iminium salt

Salts in which the cation has the structure R2C=N(+)R2. Thus N-hydronated imines and their N-substituted derivatives.


tetrahydroxyflavone

Any hydroxyflavone carrying four hydroxy substituents.


benzyl halide

Any compound containing a (halomethyl)benzene skeleton.


sulfonamide antibiotic

A class of sulfonamides whose members generally have bacteriostatic antibiotic properties.


salt

A salt is an assembly of cations and anions.


alkaloid

Any of the naturally occurring, basic nitrogen compounds (mostly heterocyclic) occurring mostly in the plant kingdom, but also found in bacteria, fungi, and animals. By extension, certain neutral compounds biogenetically related to basic alkaloids are also classed as alkaloids. Amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, amino sugars and antibiotics are not normally regarded as alkaloids. Compounds in which the nitrogen is  exocyclic (dopamine, mescaline, serotonin, etc.) are usually classed as amines rather than alkaloids.


indole alkaloid

An alkaloid containing an indole skeleton.


isoquinoline alkaloid

Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine.


cinchona alkaloid

An alkaloid based on a cinchonan skeleton.


monoterpenoid indole alkaloid

A terpenoid indole alkaloid which is biosynthesised from L-tryptophan and diisoprenoid (usually secolaganin) building blocks.


alkaloid antibiotic

Any alkaloid that has significant antibiotic properties.


hemiterpenoid indole alkaloid

A terpenoid indole alkaloid which is biosynthesised from L-tryptophan and monoisoprenoid (usually dimethylallyl pyrophosphate or isopentenyl pyrophosphate) building blocks


Erythrina alkaloid

Any alkaloid found in Erythrina species, a genus of plants widely distributed throughout the tropical and semi-tropical regions of the world.


morphinane alkaloid

An  isoquinoline alkaloid based on a morphinan skeleton and its substituted derivatives.


benzylisoquinoline alkaloid

Any isoquinoline alkaloid based on a benzylisoquinoline skeleton.


vinca alkaloid

A group of indole-indoline dimers which are alkaloids obtained from the Vinca genus of plants, together with semi-synthetic and fully synthetic analogues.


ergoline alkaloid

One of a class of naturally occurring alkaloids with a structure based on that of ergoline.


terpenoid indole alkaloid

An indole alkaloid which is biosynthesised from L-tryptophan and isoprenoid building blocks.


aporphine alkaloid

Any benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that has a structure based on 4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline or its 3-methyl derivative.


anthracycline

Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.


name: systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 8


ether lipid

A lipid similar in structure to a glycerolipid but in which one or more of the carbon atoms on glycerol is bonded to an alkyl chain via an ether linkage, as opposed to the usual ester linkage.


A monoalkylglycerol that is a derivative of glycerol in which the hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted to an ether.


monoalkylglycerol

An ether lipid that is glycerol carrying a single alkyl substituent in an unspecified position.


organothiophosphorus compound

An organothiophosphorus compound is an organophosphorus compound which contains a phosphorus-sulfur bond.


thiocarboxylic ester

An ester in which one or both oxygens of an ester group have been replaced by divalent sulfur.


organic trisulfide

An organosulfur compound with structure Compounds of structure R(1)SSSR(2) in which R(1) and R(2) are organic groups.


organosulfur compound

An organosulfur compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-sulfur bond.


dithiocarbamic acids

Any organic acid in which both oxygens of a carbamic acid have been replaced by sulfur.


thioenol

An alkenethiol; the term refers specifically to vinylic thiols, which have the structure HSCR=CR'R''.


methanesulfonates

Esters or salts of methanesulfonic acid.


glutathione derivative

Any organonitrogen compound derived from the Glu-Cys-Gly tripeptide glutathione.


thioureas

Compounds of general formula RR'NC(=S)NR''R'''.


S-glycosyl compound

A glycosyl compound arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and a S atom bound to a carbon atom, thus creating a C-S bond.


thiocarbonyl compound

Any compound containing the thiocarbonyl group, C=S.


organic sulfide

Compounds having the structure RSR (R =/= H). Such compounds were once called thioethers.


alkanethiol

An alkanethiol is a compound in which a sulfanyl group, -SH, is attached to an alkyl group.


methionine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of methionine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of methionine  by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing methionine residues.


aryl sulfide

Any organic sulfide in which the sulfur is attached to at least one aromatic group.


sulfide

Any sulfur molecular entity that involves either covalently bonded or anionic sulfur.


cyclooctasulfur

A homomonocyclic compound composed of eight sulfur atoms. It has been isolated from Ganoderma lucidum, a mushroom commonly used in Chinese medicine.


dithioacetal

A thioacetal having the structure R2C(SR')2. The term includes dithioketals (R =/= H, R' =/= H) as a subclass.


glutathione conjugate

Any bioconjugate in which glutathione is one of the components


sulfone

An organosulfur compound having the structure RS(=O)2R (R =/= H).


methyl sulfide

Any aliphatic sulfide in which at least one of the organyl groups attached to the sulfur is a methyl group.


thiosemicarbazone

A hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with the non-thioacylated nitrogen of thiosemicarbazide or its substituted derivatives.


isothiocyanate

An organosulfur compound with the general formula R-N=C=S.


sulfoxide

An organosulfur compound having the structure R2S=O or R2C=S=O (R =/= H).


thioacetal

The sulfur analogue of 'acetal'.  The term includes monothioacetals having the structure R2C(OR')(SR') (subclass monothioketals, R =/= H); and dithioacetals having the structure R2C(SR')2 (subclass dithioketals, R =/= H, R' =/= H).


thiol

An organosulfur compound in which a thiol group, -SH, is attached to a carbon atom of any aliphatic or aromatic moiety.


thiosugar

A carbohydrate derivative in which one or more of the oxygens or hydroxy groups of the parent carbohydrate is replaced by sulfur or -SR, where R can be hydrogen or any group.


monothioacetal

A thioacetal having the structure R2C(OR')(SR'). The term includes monothioketals, R =/= H, as a subclass.


dithioester

A compound of general formula RC(=S)SR'.


dithioketal

A dithioacetal of formula R2C(SR')2, R =/= H, R' =/= H.


formamides

Amides with the general formula R(1)R(2)NCHO (R(1) and R(2) can be H).


pnictogen molecular entity

A p-block molecular entity containing any pnictogen.


oxime

Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.


glycine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of glycine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.


L-tryptophan derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-tryptophan at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-tryptophan by a heteroatom.


triazene derivative

A nitrogen molecular entity resulting from the formal substitution of one or more of the hydrogens of triazene.


L-tyrosine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-tyrosine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-tyrosine by a heteroatom.


Any carbohydrate derivative that consists of glycan moieties covalently attached to the side chains of the amino acid residues that constitute the peptide.


hydroxylamines

Hydroxylamine, H2N-OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.


amino acid derivative

Any derivative of an amino acid resulting from reaction at an amino group, carboxy group, side-chain functional group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing amino acid residues.


polyamine

Any organic amino compound that contains two or more amino groups.


L-phenylalanine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-phenylalanine  at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-phenylalanine  by a heteroatom.


N-nitrosoureas

A nitroso compound that is any urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group


ammonium compound

Compounds (NH4(+))Y(-) and derivatives, in which one or more of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with univalent groups.


N-acylethanolamine phosphate

Any carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with the amino group of O-phosphoethanolamine (2-aminoethyl dihydrogen phosphate).


reactive nitrogen species

A family of nitrogen molecular entities which are highly reactive and derived from nitric oxide (.NO) and superoxide (O2.(-)) produced via the enzymatic activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and NADPH oxidase respectively.


sphingoid

Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.


primary diamine

A primary diamine is a compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing two hydrogen atoms by amino groups.


primary amide

A derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group.


oxime O-ether

O-organyl oximes R2C=NOR' (R' =/= H).


acetyl-amino acid

Any amino acid derivative that is the N-acetyl or O-acetyl derivative of an amino acid.


azo compound

Derivatives of diazene with the general structure R-N=N-R'.


amide

An amide is a derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group.


isocyanates

Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group -N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C#N).


acetamides

Compounds with the general formula RNHC(=O)CH3.


carbohydrazide

A hydrazide consisting of hydrazine carrying one or more carboacyl groups.


carboxamide

An amide of a carboxylic acid, having the structure RC(=O)NR2. The term is used as a suffix in systematic name formation to denote the -C(=O)NH2 group including its carbon atom.


nucleoside analogue

An analogue of a nucleoside, being an N-glycosyl compound in which the nitrogen-containing moiety is a modified nucleotide base. They are commonly used as antiviral products to prevent viral replication in infected cells.


phosphoramide

A compound in which one or more of the OH groups of phosphoric acid have been replaced with an amino or substituted amino group. The term is commonly confined to the phosphoric triamides, P(=O)(NR2)3, since replacement of one or two OH groups produces phosphoramidic acids: P(=O)(OH)(NR2)2 , P(=O)(OH)2(NR2).


hydrazone

Compounds having the structure R2C=NNR2, formally derived from aldehydes or ketones by replacing =O by =NNH2 (or substituted analogues).


B vitamin

Any member of the group of eight water-soluble vitamins originally thought to be a single compound (vitamin B) that play important roles in cell metabolism. The group comprises of vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12 (Around 20 other compounds were once thought to be B vitamins but are no longer classified as such).


cyanates

Salts and esters of cyanic acid, HOC#N; compounds carrying the cyanate functional group -O-C#N.


mixed diacylamine

Any imide in which the acyl substituents are any two from carboacyl, sulfonyl and phosphoryl


imine

Compounds having the structure RN=CR2 (R = H, hydrocarbyl). Thus analogues of aldehydes or ketones, having NR doubly bonded to carbon; aldimines have the structure RCH=NR, ketimines have the structure R'2C=NR (where R' is not H). Imines include azomethines and Schiff bases. Imine is used as a suffix in systematic nomenclature to denote the C=NH group excluding the carbon atom.


vitamin B9

Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.


sphingolipid

Sphingolipids are a complex family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone.


asparagine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of asparagine at the amino group, the carboxy group, or the carboxamide, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of asparagine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing asparagine residues.


organonitrogen compound

Any heteroorganic entity containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond.


D-tyrosine derivative

A non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of D-tyrosine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of D-tyrosine by a heteroatom.


N-glycosyl compound

A glycosyl compound arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to a nitrogen atom, thus creating a C-N bond.


hydrazide

Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH  by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).


N-nitro compound

A compound having the nitro group (-NO2) attached to a nitrogen atom.


phosphonic acids

HP(=O)(OH)2  (phosphonic acid) and its P-substituted derivatives.


organic amino compound

A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by organyl groups.


amidine

Derivatives of oxoacids RnE(=O)OH in which the hydroxy group is replaced by an amino group and the oxo group is replaced by =NR. In organic chemistry an unspecified amidine is commonly a carboxamidine.


valine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of valine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of valine  by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing valine  residues.


nitroglycerol

A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.


ornithine derivative

A non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of ornithine at the amino group, the carboxy group, or the side-chain amino group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of ornithine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing ornithine residues.


cysteine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of cysteine at the amino group, carboxy group, or thiol group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of cysteine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing cysteine residues.


bis(azo) compound

Any  azo compound containing two -N=N- groups.


amino acid amide

An amide of an amino acid formed formally by conversion of the carboxy group to a carboxamido group.


L-asparagine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-asparagine at the amino group, the carboxy group, or the carboxamide, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-asparagine by a heteroatom.


quaternary nitrogen compound

A nitrogen molecular entity that is electronically neutral but which contains a quaternary nitrogen.


L-valine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-valine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-valine by a heteroatom.


hemiaminal ether

An organic amino compound that is a hemiaminal in which the hydrogen atom of the hydroxy group has been replaced by an organyl group. General formula: R2C(OR')NR2 ( R =/= H ). Also known as alpha-amino ethers.


cyclopropylcarboxamide

Carboxamides RC(=O)NR'R'' where R is a cyclopropyl group.


quinone imine

An imine formed formally from a quinone by replacement of one or more atoms of quinonoid oxygen by =NH or =NR.


diisocyanate

An isocyanate compound containing two isocyanate functional groups. Manufactured for reaction with polyols in the production of polyurethanes.


threonine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of threonine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of threonine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing threonine residues.


monoamine

An aralylamino compound which contains one amino group connected to an aromatic ring by a two-carbon chain. Monoamines are derived from aromatic amino acids like phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and the thyroid hormones by the action of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase enzymes.


amidoxime

Amidines of general formula RC(=NOH)NR(1)R(2), in which the imino nitrogen is substituted by a hydroxy group.


N-sulfonylcarboxamide

A mixed diacylamine resulting from the formal condensation of the nitrogen of a carboxamide with a sulphonic acid.


L-cysteine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from the formal reaction of L-cysteine at the amino group, carboxy group, or thiol group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-cysteine by a heteroatom.


nitrate ester

Any member of the class of nitrates resulting from the esterification of nitric acid with an alcohol.


phenylhydrazines

Any member of the class of  hydrazines carrying a phenyl substituent.


vitamin B3

Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).


phenylureas

Any member of the class of ureas in which at least one of the nitrogens of the urea moiety is substituted by a phenyl or substituted phenyl group.


D-phenylalanine derivative

A non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of D-phenylalanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of D-phenylalanine by a heteroatom.


mononitrotoluene

A nitrotoluene bearing a single nitro substituent at any position. A "closed class".


cyanides

Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.


alanine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of alanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of alanine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing alanine residues.


D-serine derivative

A non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of D-serine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of D-serine by a heteroatom.


L-proline derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-proline  by a heteroatom.


isoleucine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of isoleucine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of isoleucine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing isoleucine residues.


azobenzenes

Any member of the wide class of molecules that share the core azobenzene structure, comprising two phenyl rings linked by a N=N double bond, which may have different functional groups extending from the rings.


monoamine molecular messenger

A group of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by ethylene group  (-CH2-CH2-). Monoamines are derived from the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine and tryptophan.


organophosphorus compound

An organophosphorus compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-phosphorus bond, but the term is often extended to include esters and thioesters.


ynamide

An alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid amide of general formula R(1)C#C-C(=O)NR(2)R(3) in which the amide C=O function is conjugated to a C#C triple bond at the alpha,beta position.


proline derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of proline at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of proline by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing proline residues.


diamine

Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.


glutamic acid derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of glutamic acid at the amino group or either of the carboxy groups, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing glutamic acid residues.


dicarboximide

An imide in which the two acyl substituents on nitrogen are carboacyl groups.


aromatic amine

An amino compound in which the amino group is linked directly to an aromatic system.


diazo compound

Compounds containing a group =N2 attached to a single carbon atom. They are named by adding the prefix 'diazo-' to the name of the parent hydride or functional parent.


ethylenediamine derivative

Any organic amino compound that is a derivative of  ethylenediamine.


phenylalanine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of alanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of phenylalanine  by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing phenylalanine  residues.


nitroso compound

Compounds having the nitroso group, -NO, attached to carbon, or to another element, most commonly nitrogen or oxygen.


ketimine

Any imine derived from a ketone.


hydrazines

Hydrazine (diazane) and its substituted derivatives.


tryptophan derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of tryptophan  at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of tryptophan  by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing tryptophan residues.


C-nitro compound

A nitro compound having the nitro group (-NO2) attached to a carbon atom.


nitrotoluene

Any member of the class of  toluenes bearing one or more nitro substituents on the benzene ring.


guanidines

Any organonitrogen compound containing a carbamimidamido (guanidino) group. Guanidines have the general structure (R(1)R(2)N)(R(3)R(4)N)C=N-R(5) and are related structurally to amidines and ureas.


secondary carboxamide

A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with a primary amine; formula RC(=O)NHR(1).


tyrosine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of tyrosine at the amino group or the carboxy group, any substitution of phenyl hydrogens, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of tyrosine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing tyrosine residues.


biguanides

A class of oral hypoglycemic drugs used for diabetes mellitus or prediabetes treatment. They have a structure based on the 2-carbamimidoylguanidine skeleton.


L-serine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-serine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-serine by a heteroatom.


L-ornithine derivative

An ornithine derivative resulting from reaction of L-ornithine at the amino group, the carboxy group or the side-chain amino group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-ornithine by a heteroatom.


proteinogenic amino acid derivative

Any derivative of a proteinogenic amino acid resulting from reaction at an amino group, carboxy group, or a side-chain functional group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom.


serine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of serine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of serine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing serine residues.


toluene meta-diisocyanate

A diisocyanate that consists of toluene bearing two isocyanato functional groups positioned meta to one another.


aromatic amide

An amide in which the amide linkage is bonded directly to an aromatic system.


secondary amino compound

A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing two hydrogen atoms by organyl groups.


anilide

Any aromatic amide obtained by acylation of aniline.


secondary amide

A derivative of two oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which two acyl groups are attached to the amino or substituted amino group.


cyanine dye

Cyanine dyes are synthetic dyes with the general formula R2N[CH=CH]nCH=N(+)R2    <-> R2N(+)=CH[CH=CH]nNR2 (n is a small number) in which the nitrogen and part of the conjugated chain usually form part of a heterocyclic system, such as imidazole, pyridine, pyrrole, quinoline and thiazole.


L-glutamic acid derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-glutamic acid at the amino group or either of the carboxy groups, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-glutamic acid by a heteroatom.


N-acylurea

A member of the class of ureas that has the general formula R-CO-NH-CO-NH2 or R-CO-NH-CO-NH-CO-R', formally derived by the acylation of one or both of the nitrogens of a urea moiety.


non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative

Any derivative of a non-proteinogenic amino acid resulting from reaction at an amino group or carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom.


imidohydrazide

Any organonitrogen compound resulting from the formal condensation of the carbonyl group of a hydrazide, RC(=O)NHNR2, with a primary amino compound (or a substituted hydrazine) to replace the double-bonded oxygen atom by =NR to give RC(=NR)NHNR2.


hydroxamic acid ester

A carboxamide that is a hydroxamic acid in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is replaced by an organyl group.


aralkylamino compound

An organic amino compound in which an aminoalkyl group is linked to an arene.


D-valine derivative

A non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of D-valine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of D-valine by a heteroatom.


nitro compound

A compound having a nitro group, -NO2 (free valence on nitrogen), which may be attached to carbon, nitrogen (as in nitramines), or oxygen (as in nitrates), among other elements (in the absence of specification, C-nitro compounds are usually implied).


L-alanine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-alanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-alanine by a heteroatom.


triamine

Any polyamine that contained three amino groups.


name: alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid amide

description: A monocarboxylic amide of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-C(=O)NR(4)R(5)  or R(1)C#C-C(=O)NR(2)R(3) in which the amide C=O function is conjugated to an unsaturated C-C bond at the alpha,beta position.


1,1-bis(phosphonic acid)

Any member of the class of phosphonic acids in which a carbon atom is directly attached to two phosphonic acid groups. They are analogues of pyrophosphates (with the central oxygen atom replaced by a carbon atom) and like pyrophosphates they tend to have a strong affinity for bone, so are frequently used for their antiresorptive and hypocalcaemic properties.


N-acylglutamic acid

A glutamic acid derivative that is glutamic acid in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an acyl group.


histidine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of histidine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of histidine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing alanine residues.


name: Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 5


methoxybenzenes

Any aromatic ether that consists of a benzene skeleton substituted with one or more methoxy groups.


asarone

A phenylpropanoid that is benzene substituted by methoxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 4 and a propen-1-yl group at position 5. It has been isolated from Acorus.


dimethoxybenzene

Any methoxybenzene that consists of a benzene skeleton substituted with two methoxy groups and its derivatives.


alanine zwitterion

An amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of alanine; major species at pH 7.3.


name: spondyloarthropathy, susceptibility to, 3


ester

A compound formally derived from an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l > 0) and an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol by linking with formal loss of water from an acidic hydroxy group of the former and a hydroxy group of the latter.


aromatic ester

An ester where the ester linkage is bonded directly to an aromatic system.


polar amino acid zwitterion

Zwitterionic form of a polar amino acid having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated amino group.


carbonates

Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3.


biphenyls

Benzenoid aromatic compounds containing two phenyl or substituted-phenyl groups which are joined together by a single bond.


benzenes

Any benzenoid aromatic compound consisting of the benzene skeleton and its substituted derivatives.


tetracenes

Compounds containing a tetracene skeleton.


alkenylbenzene

A member of the class of benzenes that is benzene substituted with one or more alkenyl groups. It is a group of naturally occurring compounds that are synthesized as secondary metabolites in various plants, including nutmeg and basil.


para-terphenyl

A ring assembly based on a 1,4-diphenylbenzene skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.


toluenes

Any member of the class of benzenes that is a substituted benzene in which the substituents include one (and only one) methyl group.


acenes

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons consisting of fused benzene rings in a rectilinear arrangement and their substitution derivatives.


name: systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 12


name: carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives

description: Any organooxygen compound that is a polyhydroxy-aldehyde or -ketone, or a compound derived from one. Carbohydrates contain only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and usually have an empirical formula Cm(H2O)n; carbohydrate derivatives may contain other elements by substitution or condensation.


triose

A monosaccharide containing three carbon atoms, which is important in respiration. Only two trioses occur naturally: the aldotriose glyceraldehyde and the ketotriose dihydroxyacetone.


monosaccharide

Parent monosaccharides are polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H or polyhydroxy ketones H-[CHOH]n-C(=O)[CHOH]m-H with three or more carbon atoms. The generic term 'monosaccharide' (as opposed to oligosaccharide or polysaccharide) denotes a single unit, without glycosidic connection to other such units. It includes aldoses, dialdoses, aldoketoses, ketoses and diketoses, as well as deoxy sugars, provided that the parent compound has a (potential) carbonyl group.


glycoside

A glycosyl compound resulting from the attachment of a glycosyl group to a non-acyl group RO-, RS-, RSe-, etc. The bond between the glycosyl group and the non-acyl group is called a glycosidic bond. By extension, the terms N-glycosides and C-glycosides are used as class names for glycosylamines and for compounds having a glycosyl group attached to a hydrocarbyl group respectively. These terms are misnomers and should not be used. The preferred terms are glycosylamines and C-glycosyl compounds, respectively.


oligosaccharide derivative

A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from an oligosaccharide.


beta-L-glucoside

Any L-glucoside having beta-configuration at its anomeric centre.


carbohydrate acid derivative

A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from a carbohydrate acid.


L-glucoside

Any glucoside with an L-configuration.


oligosaccharide

A compound in which monosaccharide units are joined by glycosidic linkages. The term is commonly used to refer to a defined structure as opposed to a polymer of unspecified length or a homologous mixture. When the linkages are of other types the compounds are regarded as oligosaccharide analogues.


D-glucoside

Any glucoside in which the glycoside group is derived from D-glucose.


carbohydrate

Any member of the class of organooxygen compounds that is a polyhydroxy-aldehyde or -ketone or a lactol resulting from their intramolecular condensation (monosaccharides); substances derived from these by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom; and polymeric products arising by intermolecular acetal formation between two or more such molecules (disaccharides, polysaccharides and oligosaccharides). Carbohydrates contain only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms; prior to any oxidation or reduction, most have the empirical formula Cm(H2O)n. Compounds obtained from carbohydrates by substitution, etc., are known as carbohydrate derivatives and may contain other elements. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates.


glycosyl compound

A carbohydrate derivative arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to an oxygen, carbon, nitrogen or sulfur atom of a separate entity.


galloyl beta-D-glucose

A class of beta-D-glucose compounds having an unspecified number of O-galloyl groups in undeined positions.


trisaccharide derivative

An oligosaccharide derivative that is formally obtained from a trisaccharide.


anthocyanin cation

Any flavonoid that is a glycoside derivative of an anthocyanidin cation.


deoxyhexose derivative

A deoxy sugar derivative that is formally obtained from a deoxyhexose.


aldose

Aldehydic parent sugars (polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H, n >= 2) and their intramolecular hemiacetals.


beta-D-glucoside

Any D-glucoside in which the anomeric centre has beta-configuration.


disaccharide derivative

A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from a disaccharide.


saponin

A glycoside that is a compound containing one or more hydrophilic glycoside moieties combined with a lipophilic triterpenoid or steroid derivative. Found in particular abundance in plant species.


tetrasaccharide derivative

An oligosaccharide derivative that is formally obtained from a tetrasaccharide.


carbohydrate-containing antibiotic

Any carbohydrate derivative that exhibits antibiotic activity.


deoxyaldohexose derivative

A deoxy sugar derivative that is formally obtained from a deoxyaldopentose.


deoxy sugar derivative

A carbohydrate derivative formally obtained from a deoxy sugar.


alditol derivative

A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from an alditol.


beta-glucoside

A glucoside in which the anomeric carbon of the glycosidic bond is in a beta configuration


pentasaccharide derivative

An oligosaccharide derivative that is formally obtained from a pentasaccharide.


glycolipid

Any member of class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). Some substances classified as bacterial glycolipids have the sugar part acylated by one or more fatty acids and the glycerol part may be absent.


amino sugar

Any sugar having one or more alcoholic hydroxy groups replaced by substituted or unsubstituted amino groups.


hexitol derivative

An alditol derivative that is formally obtained from a hexitol.


kaempferol O-glucoside

A glycosyloxyflavone that is an O-glucosylated derivative of kaempferol.


glucosiduronic acid

Any substance produced by linking glucuronic acid to another substance via a glycosidic bond.


glycan

Any oligosaccharide, polysaccharide or their derivatives consisting of monosaccharides or monosaccharide derivatives linked by glycosidic bonds. See also http://www.ontobee.org/ontology/GNO?iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GNO_00000001.


C-glycosyl compound

A glycosyl compound arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to a carbon atom, thus creating a C-C bond.


carbohydrate derivative

Any organooxygen compound derived from a carbohydrate by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by an amino group, a thiol group or similar heteroatomic groups. The term also includes derivatives of these compounds.


beta-D-galactoside

Any D-galactoside having beta-configuration at its anomeric centre.


glycosyloxyflavone

A member of the class of flavones having one or more glycosyl residues attached at unspecified positions.


glucitol derivative

A hexitol derivative that is formally obtained from a glucitol.


quercetin O-glycoside

Any glycosyloxyflavone that is an O-glycosylated derivative of quercetin.


bacteremia, susceptibility to, 2

description: Any bacteremia, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CISH gene.


bacteremia, susceptibility to, 1

description: Any bacteremia, susceptibility in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TIRAP gene.


name: cirrhosis, noncryptogenic, susceptibility to


name: herpes simplex encephalitis, susceptibility to, 2


olefinic compound

Any organic molecular entity that contains at least one C=C bond.


enyne

An  acetylenic and an olefinic  compound containing a carbon chain that contains a carbon-carbon double bond and a carbon-carbon triple bond.


stilbenoid

Any olefinic compound characterised by a 1,2-diphenylethylene backbone.


name: systemic lupus erythematosus with nephritis, susceptibility to, 3


phenylpropanoid

Any organic aromatic compound with a structure based on a phenylpropane skeleton. The class includes naturally occurring phenylpropanoid esters, flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins and many small phenolic molecules as well as their semi-synthetic and synthetic analogues. Phenylpropanoids are also precursors of lignin.


lignan

Any phenylpropanoid  derived from phenylalanine via dimerization of substituted cinnamic alcohols, known as monolignols, to a dibenzylbutane skeleton. Note that while individual members of the class have names ending ...lignane, ...lignene, ...lignadiene, etc., the class names lignan, neolignan, etc., do not end with an "e".


guaiacyl lignin

Lignin composed principally of coniferol (guaiacyl) units.


lignin

A polyphenylpropanoid derived from three monolignol monomers: trans-p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferol and trans-sinapyl alcohol. There is extensive cross-linking and no defined primary structure.


name: coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 4


acetylenic compound

Any organic molecule containing a C#C bond.


terminal acetylenic compound

An acetylenic compound which a carbon of the C#C moiety is attached to a hydrogen atom.


antibiotic fungicide

Any antibiotic antifungal agent that has been used as a fungicide.


organometalloidal compound

A compound having bonds between one or more metalloid atoms and one or more carbon atoms of an organyl group.


transition element molecular entity

A molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a transition element.


organomercury compound

A compound containing at least one carbon-mercury bond.


d-block molecular entity

A d-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of a d-block element.


name: seasonal affective disorder, susceptibility to


organic molecular entity

Any molecular entity that contains carbon.


quinomethanes

Methylidenecyclohexadienones and dimethylidenecyclohexadienes, formally derived from quinones by replacement of one or both of the quinone oxygens by methylidene groups.


one-carbon compound

An organic molecular entity containing a single carbon atom (C1).


ether

An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.


organic molecule

Any molecule that consists of at least one carbon atom as part of the electrically neutral entity.


serine zwitterion

An amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of serine.


diether

A polyether in which the number of ether linkages is 2.


monomethoxyflavone

Any methoxyflavone with a single methoxy substituent.


organometallic compound

A compound having bonds between one or more metal atoms and one or more carbon atoms of an organyl group.


semisynthetic derivative

Any organic molecular entity derived from a natural product by partial chemical synthesis.


anthoxanthin

are a type of flavonoid pigments in plants. Anthoxanthins are water-soluble pigments which range in color from white or colorless to a creamy to yellow, often on petals of flowers.


bioconjugate

A molecular entity consisting of at least 2 biological molecules covalently linked together.


cyclopropanes

Cyclopropane and its derivatives formed by substitution.


acid anhydride

Compounds consisting of two acyl groups bonded to the same oxygen atom acyl-O-acyl.


benzyl ether

A compound of formula PhCH2OR (R =/= H).


statin (naturally occurring)

Any statin that occurs in nature. The class includes compactin (also known as mevastatin), isolated from a fermentation broth of Penicillium citrinum, and lovastatin, isolated from Aspergillus terreus.


antibiotic antifungal agent

Heteroorganic entities that are microbial metabolites (or compounds derived from them) which have significant antifungal properties.


methoxyflavone

Any member of the class of flavones with at least one methoxy substituent.


heteroorganic entity

A heteroorganic entity is an organic molecular entity in which carbon atoms or organic groups are bonded directly to one or more heteroatoms.


lipid

'Lipids' is a loosely defined term for substances of biological origin that are soluble in nonpolar solvents. They consist of saponifiable lipids, such as glycerides (fats and oils) and phospholipids, as well as nonsaponifiable lipids, principally steroids.


ketene acetal

An organooxygen compound having the structure RR'C=C(OR'')(OR''') where R'', R''' =/= H. Formally, they are ethers of the enolic form of esters. They bear the same structural relationship to ketenes that acetals bear to aldehydes and ketones.


organoboron compound

A compound containing at least one carbon-boron bond.


tetramethoxyflavone

Any methoxyflavone with four methoxy substituents.


glycerol ether

Any ether having glyceryl as at least one of the O-substituents.


acetal

An organooxygen compound having the structure RR'C(OR'')(OR''') (R'', R''' =/= H). Mixed acetals have R'' and R''' groups which differ.


alpha-amino acid zwitterion

An amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of any alpha-amino acid; major species at pH 7.3.


L-thyroxine zwitterion

Zwitterionic form of L-thyroxine.


bridged diphenyl antifungal agent

Any organic aromatic compound containing two phenyl (or substituted phenyl) groups attached to a single carbon or heteroatom and which has significant antifungal properties.


poly(ethylene glycol) derivative

A polyether that is any poly(ethylene glycol) in which one or both of the terminal hydroxy groups has been substituted or undergone modification.


aliphatic compound

Any acyclic or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated carbon compound, excluding aromatic compounds.


aromatic ether

Any ether in which the oxygen is attached to at least one aryl substituent.


flavones

A member of the class of flavonoid with a 2-aryl-1-benzopyran-4-one (2-arylchromen-4-one) skeleton and its substituted derivatives.


Any methoxyflavone with a methoxy substituent at position 3'.


polyether

Any ether that contains more than one ether linkage.


L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion

Zwitterionic form of an L-alpha-amino acid having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated amino group.


meroterpenoid

Meroterpenoids are complex organooxygen natural products produced from polyketide and terpenoid precursors.


Any anthocyanidin cation that carries a hydroxy substituent at position 5.


cyclic acid anhydride

Acid anhydrides derived by loss of water between two oxoacid functions RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) (carboxylic, sulfonic, etc.) in the same molecule so as to close a ring.


carbocyclic compound

A homocyclic compound in which all of the ring members are carbon atoms.


S-substituted L-cysteine zwitterion

The zwitterionic form of an S-substituted L-cysteine.


statin (synthetic)

A statin which does not occur naturally and which is not obtained by chemical transformation of a naturally occurring statin.


flavonoid

Any member of the 'superclass' flavonoids whose skeleton is based on 1-benzopyran with an aryl substituent at position 2. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.


bridged diphenyl fungicide

Any organic aromatic compound containing two phenyl (or substituted phenyl) groups attached to a single carbon or heteroatom and which has been used as a fungicide.


ketal

An acetal of formula R2C(OR)2 (R =/= H) derived from a ketone by replacement of the oxo group by two hydrocarbyloxy groups. The class name 'ketals', once abandoned by IUPAC, has been reinstated as a subclass of acetals.


trimethoxyflavone

A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by three methoxy groups.


anthocyanidin cation

Any organic cation that is an aglycon of anthocyanin cation; they are oxygenated derivatives of flavylium (2-phenylchromenylium).


flavonoid phytoalexin

Any of a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton, which possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection.


organic cyclic compound

Any organic molecule that consists of atoms connected in the form of a ring.


S-aryl-L-cysteine zwitterion

An S-substituted L-cysteine zwitterion in which the S-substitutuent can be any aryl group.


tetraorganoborate ion

A compound R4B(-) where R are organyl groups.


zwitterion

A neutral compound having formal unit electrical charges of opposite sign on non-adjacent atoms. Sometimes referred to as inner salts, dipolar ions (a misnomer).


organochalcogen compound

An organochalcogen compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chalcogen bond.


organooxygen compound

An organochalcogen compound containing at least one carbon-oxygen bond.


amino acid zwitterion

The zwitterionic form of an amino acid having a negatively charged carboxyl group and a positively charged amino group.


polyketide

Natural and synthetic compounds containing alternating carbonyl and methylene groups ('beta-polyketones'), biogenetically derived from repeated condensation of acetyl coenzyme A (via malonyl coenzyme A), and usually the compounds derived from them by further condensations, etc. Considered by many to be synonymous with the less frequently used terms acetogenins and ketides.


organic acid

Any organic molecular entity that is acidic and contains carbon in covalent linkage.


dipolar compound

An  organic molecule that is electrically neutral carrying a positive and a negative charge in one of its major canonical descriptions. In most dipolar compounds the charges are delocalized; however the term is also applied to species where this is not the case.


aromatic fungicide

An organic aromatic compound that has been used as a fungicide.


botanical anti-fungal agent

Heteroorganic entities that are plant metabolites which have significant antifungal properties.


fatty acid derivative

Any organic molecular entity derived from a fatty acid.


organic cation

Any organic ion with a net positive charge.


alkylglycerol

A glycerol ether having at least one alkyl substituent on oxygen.


organoselenium compound

An organoselenium compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-selenium bond.


cyclopentanes

Cyclopentane and its derivatives formed by substitution.


biaryl

An organic aromatic compound whose structure contains two aromatic rings or ring systems, joined to each other by a single bond.


antibiotic antifungal drug

Any antibiotic antifungal agent used to treat fungal infections in humans or animals.


tryptophan zwitterion

An amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of tryptophan; major species at pH 7.3.


bridged diphenyl antifungal drug

Any bridged diphenyl antifungal agent used for the treatment of fungal infections in humans or animals.


cyclobutanes

Cyclobutane and its derivatives formed by substitution.


statin

Any organooxygen compound whose structure is related to compactin (mevastatin) and which may be used as an anticholesteremic drug due its EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitory properties.


flavonoids

Any organic molecular entity whose stucture is based on derivatives of a phenyl-substituted 1-phenylpropane possessing a C15 or C16 skeleton, or such a structure which is condensed with a C6-C3 lignan precursors. The term is a 'superclass' comprising all members of the classes of flavonoid, isoflavonoid, neoflavonoid, chalcones, dihydrochalcones, aurones, pterocarpan, coumestans, rotenoid, flavonolignan, homoflavonoid and flavonoid oligomers. Originally restricted to natural products, the term is also applied to synthetic compounds related to them.


saccharolipid

Lipids that contain a carbohydrate moiety.


name: pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing COPD.


name: epidermodysplasia verruciformis, susceptibility to, 5


name: psoriatic arthritis, susceptibility to, 1

description: A susceptibility or predisposition to psoriatic arthritis, in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LTA gene. Psoriatic arthritis affects more than 10% of patients with psoriasis and, in most cases, there is an association between the severity of the arthritis and the skin involvement.


elemental molecular entity

A molecular entity all atoms of which have the same atomic number.


name: lumbar disk degeneration, susceptibility to


dermatitis, atopic, 4

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 17q25.3.


dermatitis, atopic, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis.


dermatitis, atopic, 8

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 4q22.1.


dermatitis, atopic, 3

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 20p.


dermatitis, atopic, 7

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 11q13.5.


dermatitis, atopic, 1

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis. A genomewide linkage study revealed highly significant evidence for linkage on 3q21 (ATOD1) at marker D3S3606.


dermatitis, atopic, 9

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 3p24.


dermatitis, atopic, 6

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 5q31-q33.


dermatitis, atopic, 5

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing atopic dermatitis that is associated with variation in the region 13q12-q14.


multicellular anatomical structure

category: biolink:GrossAnatomicalStructure biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: An anatomical structure that has more than one cell as a part.


radical

A molecular entity possessing an unpaired electron.


cation

A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the proton.


p-block molecular entity

A main group molecular entity that contains one or more atoms of a p-block element.


chalcogen molecular entity

Any p-block molecular entity containing a chalcogen.


name: epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 2


name: myoclonic epilepsy, juvenile, susceptibility to, 3


narcolepsy, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing narcolepsy.


name: autosomal recessive Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to partial IFNgammaR1 deficiency

description: A genetic variant of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases characterized by a partial deficiency in IFN-gammaR1, leading to a residual response to IFN-gamma and, consequently, to recurrent, moderately severe infections with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and other environmental mycobacteria (EM).


name: Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 7


gas molecular entity

Any main group molecular entity that is gaseous at standard temperature and pressure (STP; 0degreeC and 100 kPa).


name: spondyloarthropathy, susceptibility to, 2


name: Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 8


name: hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 2


name: Schistosoma mansoni infection, susceptibility/resistance to


IgA nephropathy, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing IgA glomerulonephritis.


name: basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to, 6


name: encephalitis, acute, infection-induced, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing encephalitis, acute, infection-induced.


name: encephalopathy, acute, infection-induced, susceptibility to, 9


name: encephalopathy, acute, infection-induced (herpes-specific), susceptibility to, 10


name: encephalitis, acute, infection (viral)-induced, susceptibility to, 11


name: susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis, 2


name: systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 13


name: migraine with aura, susceptibility to, 9


name: Graves disease, susceptibility to, X-linked 2


sulfur-35 atom

The radioactive isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 34.9690322 and nuclear spin (3)/2. The longest-lived sulfur radionuclide with half-life of 87.5 days.


sulfur-34 atom

The stable isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 33.9678668 and 4.21 atom percent natural abundance.


sulfur-38 atom

The radioactive isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 37.97116 and half-life of 170.3 min.


sulfur-33 atom

The stable isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 32.9714585, 0.75 atom percent natural abundance, and nuclear spin (3)/2.


sulfur-32 atom

The stable isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 31.972071. The most abundant (95.02 atom percent) isotope of naturally occurring sulfur.


sulfur-36 atom

The stable isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 35.9670809. The least abundant (0.02 atom percent) isotope of naturally occurring sulfur.


Abnormal Epithelial Cell

description: An epithelial cell that occurs in human disease or in models of human disease.


type 1 diabetes mellitus 13

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellituss that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 2q34.


name: hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 6


ion

A molecular entity having a net electric charge.


anion

A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the electron.


polyatomic ion

An ion consisting of more than one atom.


name: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, susceptibility to, 1


name: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, susceptibility to, 2


name: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, susceptibility to, X-linked


name: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, susceptibility to, 3


name: multiple sclerosis, susceptibility to, 4


name: migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to, 6


name: migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing migraines with or without aura.


name: migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to, 3


name: migraine with aura, susceptibility to, 7


name: migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to, 10


name: migraine with or without aura, susceptibility to, 12


name: migraine without aura, susceptibility to, 4

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing migraines without aura.


name: migraine, familial typical, susceptibility to, 2


name: basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to, 3


name: restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 4


name: Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 9


Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing Hirschsprung disease.


name: efavirenz central nervous system toxicity, susceptibility to


name: hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 7


type 1 diabetes mellitus 18

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 5q31.1-q33.1.


name: pelvic organ prolapse, susceptibility to


name: scoliosis, isolated, susceptibility to, 5


name: susceptibility to localized juvenile periodontitis


name: systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 7


name: hepatic fibrosis, severe, susceptibility to, due to Schistosoma mansoni infection


name: epidermodysplasia verruciformis, susceptibility to, 2


name: attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, susceptibility to, 6


name: asthma, aspirin-induced, susceptibility to


name: hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 5


name: age related macular degeneration, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing age related macular degeneration.


name: hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 3


name: microvascular complications of diabetes, susceptibility


type 1 diabetes mellitus 11

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 14q24.3-q31.


name: asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 3


name: systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 5


name: breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 5


name: Ascaris lumbricoides infection, susceptibility to


name: X-linked Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases

description: A rare group of immunodeficiencies due to specific mutations in the inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase gamma (IKBKG) or the cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide (CYBB) genes. They are characterized by mycobacterial infections, occurring in males.


name: breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to


name: autoimmune disease, susceptibility to, 5


type 1 diabetes mellitus 4

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 11q13.


type 1 diabetes mellitus 3

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 15q26.


type 1 diabetes mellitus 7

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 2q31.


name: systemic lupus erythematosus with nephritis, susceptibility to, 2


type 1 diabetes mellitus 21

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 6q25.


name: basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to, 5


name: dengue hemorrhagic fever, susceptibility to


name: restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing restless legs syndrome.


name: asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 4


name: dengue shock syndrome, susceptibility to


name: pelvic organ prolapse, susceptibility to, 1


schizophrenia 6

description: A schizophrenia that has material basis in an autosomal dominant mutation of SCZD6 on chromosome 8p21.


name: restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 3


name: thyrotoxic periodic paralysis, susceptibility to, 3


type 1 diabetes mellitus 23

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 4q27.


leprosy, susceptibility to, 4

description: Any leprosy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the LTA gene.


name: peripartum cardiomyopathy, susceptibility to


name: radioulnar synostosis, nonsyndromic, susceptibility to

description: A susceptibility or predisposition to radioulnar synostosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SMAD6 gene.


Asperger syndrome, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing Asperger sydrome.


name: restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 8


name: fatty liver disease, nonalcoholic, susceptibility to, 2


name: UV-induced skin damage, susceptibility to


name: systemic lupus erythematosus with hemolytic anemia, susceptibility to, 1


name: hepatitis, fulminant viral, susceptibility to


name: epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 4


name: multicentric Castleman disease, susceptibility to


name: hyperemesis gravidarum, susceptibility to


name: systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 15


name: epidermodysplasia verruciformis, susceptibility to, 3


name: attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, susceptibility to, 1


schizophrenia, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing schizophrenia.


name: Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to a partial deficiency


schizophrenia 13

description: A schizophrenia that has material basis in a mutation on chromosome 15q13.


name: autosomal recessive Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to complete IFNgammaR2 deficiency

description: Mendelian susceptibily to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to complete interferon gamma receptor 2 (IFN-gammaR2) deficiency is a genetic variant of MSMD characterized by a complete deficiency in IFN-gammaR2, leading to an undetectable response to IFN-gamma, and consequently, to severe and often fatal infections with bacillus Calmette-GuC)rin (BCG) and other environmental mycobacteria (EM).


name: autoimmune disease, susceptibility to, 3


name: coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 9


name: Graves disease, susceptibility to, X-linked 1


name: epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 7


name: epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 3


type 1 diabetes mellitus 17

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 10q25.


name: restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 5


name: lumbar disk herniation, susceptibility to


name: systemic lupus erythematosus, susceptibility to, 4


name: restless legs syndrome, susceptibility to, 2


name: epilepsy, idiopathic generalized, susceptibility to, 5


psoriasis, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing psoriasis.


name: autoimmune thyroid disease, susceptibility to, 2


name: cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic, 4, susceptibility to


name: epidermodysplasia verruciformis, susceptibility to


name: attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, susceptibility to, 2


name: basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to, 2


name: diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent, X-linked, susceptibility to


basal cell carcinoma, susceptibility to

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing basal cell carcinoma.


name: autosomal recessive mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to partial jak1 deficiency


name: coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 3


type 1 diabetes mellitus 15

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 6q21.


name: autosomal recessive Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to partial IFNgammaR2 deficiency

description: A genetic variant of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases characterized by a partial deficiency in IFN-gammaR2, leading to a residual response to IFN-gamma and consequently to recurrent, moderately severe infections with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and other environmental mycobacteria (EM).


name: coronary artery disease, severe, susceptibility to


name: pregnancy loss, recurrent, susceptibility


name: Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to complete IFNgammaR1 deficiency

description: Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to complete interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFN-gammaR1) deficiency is a genetic variant of MSMD characterized by a complete deficiency in IFN-gammaR1, leading to impaired IFN-gamma immunity and, consequently, to severe and often fatal infections with bacillus Calmette-GuC)rin (BCG) and other environmental mycobacteria (EM).


name: attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, susceptibility to, 4


name: autoimmune thyroid disease, susceptibility to


name: myoclonic epilepsy, juvenile, susceptibility to, 4


name: coronary heart disease, susceptibility to, 8


name: hydrocephalus, congenital, 5, susceptibility to


name: hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 1


name: scoliosis, isolated, susceptibility to, 4


type 1 diabetes mellitus 1

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing 1 diabetes mellitus that is caused by variation in genes located in the MHC complex on chromosome 6p21.3.


name: pelvic organ prolapse, susceptibility to, 2


name: Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases due to a complete deficiency


name: hypertension, essential, susceptibility to, 8


name: attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, susceptibility to, 5


schizophrenia 14

description: A schizophrenia that has material basis in a mutation on chromosome 2q32.1.


name: epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic, susceptibility to, 6


name: ventricular fibrillation during myocardial infarction, susceptibility to


type 1 diabetes mellitus 6

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 18q21.


name: susceptibility to visceral leishmaniasis, 1


name: myocardial infarction, susceptibility to, 2


type 1 diabetes mellitus 24

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellitus that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 10q23.31.


name: myoclonic epilepsy, juvenile, susceptibility to, 1


type 1 diabetes mellitus 8

description: An inherited susceptibility or predisposition to developing type 1 diabetes mellituss that has material basis in mutation of the locus at chromosome 6q25-q27.


name: asthma-related traits, susceptibility to, 6


name: systemic lupus erythematosus with nephritis, susceptibility to, 1


name: urinary tract infections, recurrent, susceptibility to


name: autoimmune thyroid disease, susceptibility to, 5


ectoderm-derived structure

category: biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the ectoderm.


name: structure with developmental contribution from neural crest

description: An anatomical structure that has some part that develops from the neural crest.


aromatic compound

A cyclically conjugated molecular entity with a stability (due to delocalization) significantly greater than that of a hypothetical localized structure (e.g. Kekule structure) is said to possess aromatic character.


macrocycle

A cyclic compound containing nine or more atoms as part of the cyclic system.


chemical entity

A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances.


main group molecular entity

A molecular entity containing one or more atoms from any of groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 of the periodic table.


cyclic compound

Any molecule that consists of a series of atoms joined together to form a ring.


chemical substance

A chemical substance is a portion of matter of constant composition, composed of molecular entities of the same type or of different types.


heterocyclic compound

A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of at least two different elements.


polyatomic entity

Any molecular entity consisting of more than one atom.


mineral

In general, a mineral is a chemical substance that is normally crystalline formed and has been formed as a result of geological processes. The term also includes metamict substances (naturally occurring, formerly crystalline substances whose crystallinity has been destroyed by ionising radiation) and can include naturally occurring amorphous substances that have never been crystalline ('mineraloids') such as georgite and calciouranoite as well as substances formed by the action of geological processes on bigenic compounds ('biogenic minerals').


inorganic molecular entity

A molecular entity that contains no carbon.


alkali metal molecular entity

A molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an alkali metal.


atom

A chemical entity constituting the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element.


isotopically modified compound

Any molecular entity in which the isotopic ratio of nuclides for at least one element deviates measurably from that occurring in nature. The term includes both isotopically substituted compounds (in which essentially all the molecules of the compound have only the indicated nuclide(s) at each designated position) and isotopically labeled compounds (a formal mixture of an isotopically unmodified compound with one or more analogous isotopically substituted compound(s).


ring assembly

Two or more cyclic systems (single rings or fused systems) which are directly joined to each other by double or single bonds are named ring assemblies when the number of such direct ring junctions is one less than the number of cyclic systems involved.


mineral nutrient

A mineral that is an inorganic nutrient which must be ingested and absorbed in adequate amounts to satisfy a wide range of essential metabolic and/or structural functions in the human body.


cluster

A cluster is a number of metal centres grouped close together which can have direct metal bonding interactions or interactions through a bridging ligand, but are not necessarily held together by these interactions.


bicyclic compound

A molecule that features two fused rings.


mancude ring

Any molecular entity that consists of a ring having (formally) the maximum number of noncumulative double bonds.


p-block element atom

Any main group element atom belonging to the p-block of the periodic table.


molecule

Any polyatomic entity that is an electrically neutral entity consisting of more than one atom.


chalcogen

Any p-block element belonging to the group 16 family of the periodic table.


heterobicyclic compound

A bicyclic compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one skeletal heteroatom.


s-block molecular entity

An s-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an s-block element.


alkaline earth molecular entity

An alkaline earth molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an alkaline earth metal.


main group element atom

An atom belonging to one of the main groups (found in the s- and p- blocks) of the periodic table.


homocyclic compound

A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of the same element only.


molecular entity

Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity.


name: Tumor cells, uncertain whether benign or malignant

description: Cells of, or derived from, a tumor.


Abnormal cell

description: An abnormal human cell type which can occur in either disease states or disease models.