name: bilateral acute depigmentation of the iris

description: Bilateral acute depigmentation of the iris (BADI) is characterized by acute onset of bilateral iris depigmentation, pigment dispersion in the anterior chamber, and heavy pigment deposition in the anterior chamber angle. Patients typically present with acute and usually severe photophobia, blurred vision, red eye, and ocular discomfort or pain with a usually self-limiting clinical course. Cases often occur after a flu-like illness, upper respiratory tract infection, and after the use of oral moxifloxacin. When associated with iris epithelial depigmentation, iris transillumination defects and atonic/mydriatic pupil, the condition is referred to as bilateral acute iris transillumination (BAIT) which has an increased risk of severe intractable rise in intraocular pressure.


Childhood Small Intestinal Carcinoma

category: biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: A small intestinal carcinoma occurring in childhood.


name: Childhood Malignant Small Intestinal Neoplasm

description: A rare malignant small intestinal neoplasm that occurs during childhood.


name: Childhood Small Intestinal Leiomyosarcoma

description: A small intestinal leiomyosarcoma occurring in childhood.


Absence of subcutaneous fat

category: biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: Lack of subcutaneous adipose tissue.


name: Loss of truncal subcutaneous adipose tissue

description: Loss (reduction of previously present) of subcutaneous adipose tissue in the region of the trunk.


name: Hyperinsulinism in the Infant of a Diabetic Mother

description: Transient hypoglycemia that occurs in the infant of a diabetic mother due to increased postnatal insulin release as a result of in utero exposure to maternal hyperglycemia.


(S)-orciprenaline

A 5-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol that is the (S)-enantiomer of orciprenaline.


(R)-orciprenaline

A 5-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol that is the (R)-enantiomer of orciprenaline.


acinar prostate mucinous adenocarcinoma

description: A usually aggressive morphologic variant of acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland characterized by the presence of lakes of extracellular mucin. This diagnosis applies when at least 25% of the resected tumor contains extracellular mucin.


malignant struma ovarii

description: An ovarian mature teratoma characterized by the presence of aberrant thyroid tissue with morphologic changes identical to thyroid carcinoma. Patients may present with abdominal mass and unusual symptoms due to thyrotoxicosis, or with Meigs syndrome (ascites and pleural effusion).


teratoma with malignant transformation

description: A teratoma which is characterized by morphologic transformation to malignancy and an aggressive clinical course. The malignant component most often is sarcomatous or carcinomatous.


name: Increased proportion of exhausted T cells

description: An abnormally elevated proportion of exhausted T cells (Tex) among circulating T cells. T cell exhaustion is a distinct differentiation state that can be distinguished from naive, effector, and memory T cells. Compared to effector (TE) and memory (TMEM) T cells, exhausted T cells (TEX) display impaired effector functions (e.g., rapid production of effector cytokines, cytotoxicity). TEX have limited proliferative potential, especially compared to some subsets of TMEM and naive T cells.


sebaceous basal cell carcinoma

description: A basal cell carcinoma of the skin that is characterized by sebaceous differentiation.


Mitral valve leaflet calcification

description: Deposition of calcium salts in the leaflets (cusps) of the mitral valve.


Cleft anterior mitral valve leaflet

description: Cleft in the anterior mitral valve leaflet not associated with an atrioventricular canal defect.


Supramitral ring

description: A congenital stenotic mitral valvular anomaly with a ring of tissue above the mitral valve.


Mitral annular calcification

description: Mitral annular calcification (MAC) results from progressive calcium deposition along and beneath the mitral valve annulus.


Mitral chordae tendinae rupture

description: Breakage of the chordae tendinae of the mitral valve. This can lead to loss of tension of one of the mitral valve leaflets and mitral regurgitation.


name: Short chordae tendineae of the mitral valve

description: Abnormally short chordae tendineae of the mitral valve.


mitral atresia disorder

description: A congenital heart defect characterized by the complete atresia of the mitral valve.


name: Abnormal mitral valve annulus morphology

description: Any structural anomaly of the annulus of the mitral valve. The annulus is a ring composed of fibrous and myocardial tissue and is the structure onto which the cusps of the valve attach.


Myxomatous mitral valve degeneration

description: Myxomatous mitral valve is defined as the presence of excess leaflet tissue and leaflet thickening greater than 5 mm, resulting in a prolapse greater than 2 mm into the left atrium on parasternal long axis view.


Mitral valve arcade

description: Anomalous mitral valve arcade is diagnosed based on the following features (1) An adequately sized mitral valve orifice; (2) short, thick, and poorly differentiated chordae with direct union of the papillary muscles to the anterior leaflet; (3) narrow or nearly nonexistent spaces between the abnormal chordae; and (4) greater differentiation of the chordae attached to the posterior papillary muscle.


congenital mitral stenosis

description: Congenital mitral stenosis is a congenital heart malformation comprising a spectrum of morphologically heterogeneous developmental anomalies that result in functional and anatomic obstruction of inflow into the left ventricle. The structure of the mitral valve is affected at the level of the supravalvular ring, annulus, leaflets or subvalvar copmponents and include supra-valvular ring, leaflet fusion (intra-leaflet ring), mitral parachute deformity and papillary muscle abnormalities. It may be isolated or associated with other heart malformations. The clinical presentation depends on the degree of obstruction, the presence of regurgitation, the presence and severity of associated pulmonary hypertension, and the presence of associated heart malformations. It may present with symptoms and signs of low cardiac output and right ventricular failure such as pulmonary infections, failure to thrive, exertional dyspnea, cough, cyanosis and congestive heart failure.


name: Abnormal mitral valve leaflet morphology

description: Any structural anomaly of the leaflets (also known as cusps) of the mitral valve.


Mitral valve calcification

description: Abnormal calcification of the mitral valve.


name: Abnormal morphology of the chordae tendinae of the mitral valve

description: A structural anomaly of the chordae tendinae of the mitral valve, whose main function is to transmit the contraction and relaxation of the papillary muscles during the cardiac cycle, thus ensuring the closing of the leaflets of the mitral valve.


Parachute mitral valve

description: Abnormality of the mitral valve apparatus, whereby chordae attach to a single papillary muscle or hypoplastic papillary muscles.


Dilatation of the mitral annulus

description: An increase in the diameter of the ring (annulus) of the mitral valve.


mitral valve stenosis

description: Narrowing of the left atrioventricular mitral orifice.


Abnormal mitral valve morphology

description: Any structural anomaly of the mitral valve.


double-orifice mitral valve

description: The left atrio-ventricular connection consists of two anatomically distinct orifices separated by accessory fibrous tissue.


Thickened mitral valve cusp

description: An abnormally increased thickness of a leaflet of the mitral valve.


name: Elongated chordae tendinae of the mitral valve

description: Abnormal increased in length of the chordae tendinae of the mitral valve.


tubular variant testicular seminoma

description: A morphologic variant of testicular seminoma characterized by the presence of seminoma cells arranged in tubular patterns and few lymphocytes.


name: pseudoglandular variant testicular seminoma

description: A morphologic variant of testicular seminoma characterized by the presence of seminoma cells arranged in pseudoglandular patterns and few lymphocytes.


cribriform variant testicular seminoma

description: A morphologic variant of testicular seminoma characterized by the presence of seminoma cells arranged in cribriform patterns and few lymphocytes.


name: Patchy sclerosis of the middle phalanx of the 4th finger

description: Uneven (irregular) increase in bone density of the middle phalanx of the fourth finger.


name: Sclerosis of the middle phalanx of the 4th finger


name: metabolic crises, recurrent, with variable encephalomyopathic features and neurologic regression


Segmental peripheral demyelination

description: A loss of myelin from the internode regions along myelinated nerve fibers from segments of the peripheral nervous system.


name: Patchy demyelination of subcortical white matter

description: Patchy loss of myelin from nerve fibers in the central nervous system.


name: Symmetrical progressive peripheral demyelination

description: A symmetric and progressive loss of myelin from the internode regions along myelinated nerve fibers of the peripheral nervous system.


name: Diffuse demyelination of the cerebral white matter

description: A diffuse loss of myelin from nerve fibers in the central nervous system.


description: A segmental pattern of demyelination and regeneration (remyelination) affecting peripheral nerves.


Symmetric peripheral demyelination

description: A symmetric loss of myelin from the internode regions along myelinated nerve fibers of the peripheral nervous system.


Asymmetric peripheral demyelination

description: Loss of myelin from peripheral nerves in a pattern that differs between right and left.


name: Spinal cord posterior columns myelin loss


Cerebral hypomyelination

description: Reduced amount of myelin in the nervous system resulting from defective myelinogenesis in the white matter of the central nervous system.


Decreased dendritic spine number

description: An abnormal reduction in the amount of spines on a given dendrite.


Abnormal neuron branching

description: Abnormality of the structure and branching of the dendrites of a neuron.


CNS demyelination

description: A loss of myelin from nerve fibers in the central nervous system.


Diffuse peripheral demyelination

description: A diffuse loss of myelin from the internode regions along myelinated nerve fibers of the peripheral nervous system.


name: Severe demyelination of the white matter

description: A severe loss of myelin from nerve fibers in the central nervous system.


Peripheral demyelination

description: A loss of myelin from the internode regions along myelinated nerve fibers of the peripheral nervous system.


Sensory axonal neuropathy

description: An axonal neuropathy of peripheral sensory nerves.


Stage II Urethral Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0.  T2: Tumor invades any of the following: corpus spongiosum, prostate, periurethral muscle.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Urethral Cancer by AJCC v7 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of urethral cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


Stage I Urethral Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0.  T1: Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage 0 Urethral Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage 0 includes: 0a (Ta, N0, M0); 0is (Tis, N0, M0); (Tis pu, N0, M0); (Tis pd, N0, M0).  Ta: Noninvasive papillary, polypoid, or verrucous carcinoma.  Tis: Carcinoma in situ.  Tis pu: Carcinoma in situ, involvement of the prostatic urethra.  Tis pd: Carcinoma in situ, involvement of the prostatic ducts.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


carcinoma in situ of urethra

description: A in situ carcinoma that involves the urethra.


Stage IV Urethral Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IV includes: (T4, N0, M0); (T4, N1, M0); (Any T, N2, M0), (Any T, Any N, M1).  T4: Tumor invades other adjacent organs.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in a single lymph node 2 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N2: Metastasis in a single lymph node more than 2 cm in greatest dimension, or in multiple lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  M1: Distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage 0a Urethral Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage 0a includes: Ta, N0, M0.  Ta: Noninvasive papillary, polypoid, or verrucous carcinoma.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Stage III Urethral Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage III includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0, M0), (T3, N1, M0).  T1: Tumor invades subepithelial connective tissue.  T2: Tumor invades any of the following: corpus spongiosum, prostate, periurethral muscle.  T3: Tumor invades any of the following: corpus cavernosum, beyond prostatic capsule, anterior vagina, bladder neck.  N1: Metastasis in a single lymph node 2 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Gallbladder Undifferentiated Carcinoma, Spindle and Giant Cell Type

description: An undifferentiated carcinoma that arises from the gallbladder.  It is characterized by the presence of spindle and giant malignant cells, including osteoclast-like giant cells.


description: A rare primary bone dysplasia disorder characterized by congenital hypotrichosis associated with rhizomelic short stature (more pronounced in upper limbs than lower limbs), limited hip abduction and mild genu varum. Flared and irregular metaphyses, delayed and irregular epiphiseal ossification and pear-shaped vertebral bodies are characteristic radiologic findings.


Optic ataxia

description: Difficulty reaching visually guided goals in peripheral vision, with the deficit, leaves voluntary eye movements largely unaffected.


A steroid compound with a structure based on a 27-carbon (cholestane) skeleton.


Bruising susceptibility

description: An ecchymosis (bruise) refers to the skin discoloration caused by the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels. This term refers to an abnormally increased susceptibility to bruising. The corresponding phenotypic abnormality is generally elicited on medical history as a report of frequent ecchymoses or bruising without adequate trauma.


Aplastic nasopharyngeal adenoids

description: Absence of the nasopharyngeal adenoids as a developmental defect.


Pancreatic steatosis

description: Fat infiltration in the pancreas.


name: autosomal dominant chondrodysplasia punctata

description: Autosomal dominant form of chondrodysplasia punctata.


name: chondrodysplasia punctata, tibial-metacarpal type


Abnormal sixth cranial nerve morphology

description: Any structural abnormality of the abducens nerve.


abducens nerve disorder

description: A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the abducens nerve (sixth cranial nerve).


Sixth cranial nerve hypoplasia

description: Underdevelopment of the six cranial nerve (abducens nerve).


Pseudoseizure

description: Sudden, involuntary seizure-like attacks that, unlike epileptic seizures, are not related to electrographic ictal discharges.


functioning pituitary gland neoplasm

description: A hormone producing pituitary gland tumor, associated with a hormonal syndrome.


TSH producing pituitary tumor

description: An adenoma or carcinoma of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that produces thyrotropin.


functioning pituitary gland adenoma

description: A hormone producing pituitary gland adenoma, associated with a hormonal syndrome.


name: malignant thyroid stimulating hormone producing neoplasm of pituitary gland

description: A rare, hormonally functioning or non-functioning pituitary gland adenocarcinoma that produces thyrotropin.


functioning gonadotropic adenoma

description: Functioning gonadotropic adenoma is a very rare pituitary tumor, macroscopically characterized by a soft, well vascularized, variable sized adenoma, with occasional areas of hemorrage or necrosis, that secretes biologically active gonadotropins. In addition to common neurological signs due to mass effect (headache and/or visual field deterioration), additional clinical manifestations include menstrual irregularities (secondary amenorrhea, oligomenorhea or severe menorrhagia), galactorrhea, infertility or ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (in premenopausal women), testicular enlargement and, occasionally, hypogonadism (in men) and isosexual precocious puberty (in children).


macamide

A fatty amide resulting from the formal condensation of a fatty acid with benzylamine or a substituted (commonly 3-methoxy-) benzylamine. The term originally referred to bioactive and marker compounds isolated from maca (Lepidium meyenii, a herb cultivated for centuries by the indigenous people in the Peruvian Andes as a staple food crop) but is now also used to refer to synthetic analogues.


name: Stage II Acral Lentiginous Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7

description: Stage II includes: IIA: (T2b, N0, M0); (T3a, N0, M0); IIB: (T3b, N0, M0); (T4a, N0, M0); IIC: (T4b, N0, M0).  T2b: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring 1.01-2.0 mm in thickness, with ulceration.  T3a: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring 2.01-4.0 mm in thickness, without ulceration.  T3b: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring 2.01-4.0 mm in thickness, with ulceration.  T4a: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness, without ulceration.  T4b: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring more than 4.0 mm in thickness, with ulceration.  N0: No regional lymph node metastases.  M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Ed.)


name: progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis

description: A multiple sclerosis that is characterized by steadily worsening symptoms and attacks during periods of remission with disease progression from the onset.


name: Metastatic Malignant Neoplasm to the Thyroid

description: A malignant neoplasm either directly extending to the thyroid gland from adjacent structures (e.g. pharynx, larynx, esophagus, cervical lymph nodes), or spreading to the thyroid gland from distant anatomic sites, most frequently kidney, lung, uterus, breast, and skin.  The majority of cases are carcinomas, lymphomas, and melanomas.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to neck

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the neck region from a malignancy in a local or distant anatomic site.


name: Metastatic malignant neoplasm to parathyroid gland

description: A malignant neoplasm either directly extending to the parathyroid glands from adjacent anatomic structures, or spreading to the parathyroid glands from distant anatomic sites, most frequently breast, lung, kidney, soft tissues, and skin.


name: Metastatic malignant neoplasm to nasopharynx

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the nasopharynx from another anatomic site.


name: Metastatic malignant neoplasm to oropharynx

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the oropharynx from another anatomic site.


name: Metastatic malignant neoplasm to hypopharynx

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the hypopharynx from another anatomic site.


Metastatic malignant neoplasm to larynx

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the larynx from another anatomic site.


name: Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that has metastasized to the neck lymph nodes from an unknown primary anatomic site.


name: Recurrent Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

description: The reemergence of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary in the neck region after a period of remission.


name: Metastatic malignant neoplasm to pharynx

description: A malignant neoplasm that has spread to the pharynx from another anatomic site.


name: Human Papillomavirus-Related Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that is associated with human papillomavirus infection and has metastasized to the neck lymph nodes from an unknown primary anatomic site.


name: Human Papillomavirus-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that is not associated with human papillomavirus infection and has metastasized to the neck lymph nodes from an unknown primary anatomic site.


Verruca plana

description: Slightly raised wart 2-5 mm in diameter often associated with viral infections, commonly persistent in immunodeficient individuals.


Hypoplastic iris stroma

description: Underdevelopment of the stroma of iris.


icosanoid

Any member of the group of signalling molecules arising from oxidation of the three C20 essential fatty acids (EFAs) icosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA) and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA).


nonclassic icosanoid

Any biologically active signalling molecule made by oxygenation of C20 fatty acids other than the classic icosanoids (the leukotrienes and the prostanoids).


lipoxin

A nonclassic icosanoid and signalling molecule that has four conjugated double bonds and is derived from arachidonic acid.


A HPETE that consists of (6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid in which the hydroperoxy group is located at position 5.


A HETE that is icosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 12. It is a metabolite of arachidonic acid.


prostaglandin

Naturally occurring compounds derived from the parent C20 acid, prostanoic acid.


EET

An icosanoid obtained by formal epoxidation of one of the double bonds of arachidonic acid.


HETE

Any monohydroxylated icosanoid having four double bonds.


The (5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-stereoisomer of 12-HETE.


prostanoid

The family of natural prostaglandins and prostaglandin-like compounds including prostacyclins and thromboxanes.


leukotriene

Any icosanoid from that family of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives generated by leukocytes from arachidonic acid, each member having four double bonds of which three are conjugated.


HPETE

Mono-hydroperoxy (e)icosatetraenoic acids (HPETEs) are the primary products of lipoxygenase-catalysed oxygenation of arachidonic acid.


A HETE that is (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-15-hydroxyicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 15.


Pelvic girdle amyotrophy

description: Atrophy of the muscles of the pelvic girdle (also known as hip girdle), i.e., the gluteal muscles, the lateral rotators, the adductors, the psoas major and the iliacus muscle.


name: Amyotrophy of the musculature of the pelvis

description: Muscular atrophy affecting the muscles of the pelvis.


intravascular fasciitis

description: A rare self-limiting, rapidly growing, non-encapsulated benign neoplasm that arises from the vessels. It is characterized by the presence of plump spindle-shaped fibroblasts, multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, chronic inflammatory infiltrate, red blood cell extravasation, and high mitotic activity.


name: Stage IV Major Salivary Gland Carcinoma with Metastasis

description: Stage IV carcinoma of the major salivary glands with regional lymph nodes and/or distant metastases.


Cervical Micropapillary Adenocarcinoma

description: A rare, invasive adenocarcinoma that arises from the cervix and is characterized by a micropapillary architecture.


calcitriol 25-O-(beta-D-glucuronide)

A steroid glucosiduronic acid that is calcitriol in which the hydroxy hydrogen at position 25 has been replaced by a beta-D-glucuronyl residue.


Late Stillbirth

description: Delivery of a dead fetus greater than 28 weeks gestational age and/or greater than 1,000 grams birth weight.


name: Pathologic Stage IVB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1, Any G. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma by AJCC v8 Pathologic Stage

description: A term that refers to the pathologic staging of gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


name: Pathologic Stage IIIB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIB includes: (T2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage IA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IA includes: (T1a, N0, M0, G1); (T1a, N0, M0, GX). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage IIIA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIA includes: (T1, N2, M0, Any G); (T2, N1, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage 0 Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0, GN/A. Tis: High-grade dysplasia, defined as malignant cells confined to the epithelium by the basement membrane. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GN/A: Grade non-applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage IIA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IIA includes: (T2, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, GX). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage I Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0, G1); (T1a, N0, M0, GX); IB: (T1a, N0, M0, G2); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-2); (T1b, N0, M0, GX); IC: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage II Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage II includes: IIA: (T2, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, GX); IIB: (T1, N1, M0, Any G); (T3, N0, M0, Any G). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage III Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage III includes: IIIA: (T1, N2, M0, Any G); (T2, N1, M0, Any G); IIIB: (T2, N2, M0, Any G); (T3, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4a, N0-1, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage IC Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IC includes: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage IVA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage IIB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IIB includes: (T1, N1, M0, Any G); (T3, N0, M0, Any G). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage IV Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4a, N2, M0, Any G); (T4b, N0-2, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1, Any G). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage IB Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IB includes: (T1a, N0, M0, G2); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-2); (T1b, N0, M0, GX). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G2: Moderately differentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Refractory High Grade Burkitt-Like Lymphoma

description: High grade B-cell lymphoma Burkitt-like lymphoma resistant to treatment.


name: Recurrent High Grade Burkitt-Like Lymphoma

description: The reemergence of high grade B-cell lymphoma Burkitt-like lymphoma after a period of remission.


name: Stage II High Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


name: Stage II High Grade Burkitt-Like Lymphoma

description: Stage II NHL means involvement of two or more lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (II) or localized involvement of a single associated extralymphatic organ or site and its regional lymph nodes with or without other lymph node regions on the same side of the diaphragm (IIE). Note: The number of lymph node regions involved may be indicated by a subscript (e.g., II3). (from PDQ)


name: High Grade B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


name: Stage I High Grade Burkitt-Like Lymphoma

description: Stage I NHL means involvement of a single lymph node region (I) or localized involvement of a single extralymphatic organ or site (IE). (from PDQ)


name: Recurrent High Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


name: Stage IV High Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


name: Stage IV High Grade Burkitt-Like Lymphoma

description: Stage IV NHL means disseminated (multifocal) involvement of one or more extralymphatic sites with or without associated lymph node involvement or isolated extralymphatic organ involvement with distant (nonregional) nodal involvement. (from PDQ)


name: Stage III High Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


name: Stage I High Grade Adult Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma


name: Stage III High Grade Burkitt-Like Lymphoma

description: Stage III NHL means involvement of lymph node regions on both sides of the diaphragm (III) that may also be accompanied by localized involvement of an extralymphatic organ or site (IIIE), by involvement of the spleen (IIIS), or both (IIIS+E). (from PDQ)


High Grade Burkitt-Like Lymphoma

description: A high grade B-cell lymphoma showing greater pleomorphism in nuclear size and shape than the classical Burkitt lymphoma.


name: Patchy sclerosis of the proximal phalanx of the 3rd toe


name: Stage IVB Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma


chronic sphenoidal sinusitis

description: Inflammation of the sphenoid sinus that typically lasts beyond eight weeks. It is caused by infections, allergies, and the presence of sinus polyps or a deviated septum. Signs and symptoms include headache, nasal discharge, swelling in the face, dizziness, and breathing difficulties.


name: 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-2beta-(2-hydroxyethoxy)vitamin D3 / 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-2beta-(2-hydroxyethoxy)cholecalciferol


Benign Nasolacrimal Duct Neoplasm

description: A neoplasm that arises from the lacrimal duct and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


name: Hodgkin lymphoma, nodular sclerosis, cellular phase

description: A nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the presence of lacunar cells, nodular growth, and the absence of fibrosis.


An imidazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a guanidino group at position 5.


name: Unresectable Cervical Adenosquamous Carcinoma

description: Cervical adenosquamous carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Vesicovaginal fistula

description: The presence of a fistula connecting the urinary bladder to the vagina.


Urogenital fistula

description: The presence of a fistula affecting the genitourinary system.


Rectoperineal fistula

description: The presence of a fistula between the perineum and the rectum.


Urethrovaginal fistula

description: The presence of a fistula between the vagina and the urethra.


H-type rectovestibular fistula

description: Rectovestibular fistula with a normal anus is known as H-type fistula or double termination of the alimentary tract.


Perineal fistula

description: The presence of a fistula between the bowel and the perineum.


Anoperineal fistula

description: The presence of a fistula (abnormal tunnel) between the anal canal and the perineum.


Vaginal fistula

description: The presence of a fistula of the vagina.


Urachus fistula

description: Persistence of the urachal canal with drainage of urine from the bladder through the persistent allantois canal to the umbilicus.


Rectourethral fistula

description: An abnormal connection (fistula) between the rectum and the urethra.


Rectovaginal fistula

description: The presence of a fistula between the vagina and the rectum.


Rectoureteral fistula

description: An abnormal connection (fistula) between the rectum and the ureter.


Rectovestibular fistula

description: A congenital malformation characterized by an abnormal connection (fistula) between the rectum and the vulval vestibule, at the lower aspect of the vaginal opening.


Rectal fistula

description: The presence of a fistula affecting the rectum.


Bladder fistula

description: The presence of a fistula connecting the urinary bladder to another organ or the skin. The fistula can involve the bowel, the vagina, or rarely, the skin.


Colovesical fistula

description: An aberrant, pathological communication between the colon and the bladder.


Urethral fistula

description: The presence of an abnormal connection between the urethra and another organ or the skin.


Rectovesical fistula

description: An aberrant, pathological communication between the rectum and the bladder.


Recurrent Unspecified Lung Carcinoma

description: Lung carcinoma that has re-emerged after a period of remission.


Large cell lung cancer recurrent

description: The reemergence of large cell lung carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Recurrent Lung Non-Small Cell Squamous Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of lung squamous non-small cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


Recurrent Bronchogenic Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of bronchogenic carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Locally Recurrent Lung Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of lung non-small cell carcinoma after a period of remission, at or adjacent to the site of the original tumor.


Non-small cell lung cancer recurrent

description: The re-emergence of non-small cell lung carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Recurrent Lung Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of non-squamous non-small cell lung carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Adenosquamous cell lung cancer recurrent

description: The reemergence of adenosquamous lung carcinoma after a period of remission.


Lung adenocarcinoma recurrent

description: The re-emergence of lung adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Small cell lung cancer recurrent

description: The reemergence of small cell carcinoma of the lung after a period of remission.


Lung squamous cell carcinoma recurrent

description: The re-emergence of squamous cell lung carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Recurrent Extensive Stage Lung Small Cell Carcinoma

description: Extensive stage small cell lung carcinoma that has reemerged after a period of remission.


pituitary gland basophilic carcinoma

description: A malignant epithelial neoplasm of the anterior pituitary gland in which the neoplastic cells stain positive with basic dyes.


Stage IA Vaginal Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor confined to the vagina, measuring 2.0 cm or less. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage I Vaginal Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage I includes: IA: T1a, N0, M0; IB: T1b, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor confined to the vagina, measuring 2.0 cm or less. T1b: Tumor confined to the vagina, measuring more than 2.0 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IB Vaginal Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Tumor confined to the vagina, measuring more than 2.0 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


name: Non-Neoplastic Chronic Lower Respiratory System Disorder

description: A non-neoplastic longstanding disorder of the lower respiratory system.


name: vulvar proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma

description: An epithelioid sarcoma of the proximal type involving the vulva.


name: neuronopathy, distal hereditary motor, autosomal recessive 10


name: Decreased renal tubular phosphate excretion


name: Recurrent Castration-Sensitive Prostate Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of hormone-sensitive prostate carcinoma in an anatomic site other than the prostate gland, after a period of remission.


Refractory Testicular Lymphoma

description: Testicular lymphoma that is resistant to treatment.


testicular lymphoma

description: A lymphoma that arises from the testis and is not associated with lymphoma in another anatomic site.


Recurrent Testicular Lymphoma

description: The reemergence of testicular lymphoma after a period of remission.


Testicular Follicular Lymphoma

description: A distinctive variant of follicular lymphoma arising from the testis. It has been reported with higher frequency in children, but is also seen rarely in adults. It differs biologically from nodal follicular lymphoma because it lacks evidence of the BCL2 translocation. It is usually of high cytological grade, usually grade 3A, but has a good prognosis, even without additional therapy beyond surgical excision. (WHO 2017)


name: Primary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Testis

description: A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that arises from the testis. It predominantly affects older men. Patients usually present with a unilateral hard painless mass. Bilateral masses have been described in a minority of patients.


name: Testicular Nasal Type Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma

description: A nasal type extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma affecting the testis. Patients usually present with unilateral testicular enlargement. Bilateral involvement is rare. The prognosis is poor.


Malignant Pancreatic Somatostatinoma

description: A neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the delta cells of the pancreas. It is characterized by inappropriate secretion of somatostatin and associated with diabetes mellitus, hypochlorhydria, gallbladder disease, diarrhea, steatorrhea, anemia, and weight loss. It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.


name: Pancreatic Somatostatin-Producing Neuroendocrine Tumor

description: A usually malignant, somatostatin producing neuroendocrine tumor, arising from the delta cells of the pancreas.  It may or may not be associated with inappropriate secretion of somatostatin and an associated clinical syndrome.


pancreatic somatostatinoma

description: A neuroendocrine tumor arising from the delta cells of the pancreas. It is characterized by inappropriate secretion of somatostatin and associated with diabetes mellitus, hypochlorhydria, gallbladder disease, diarrhea, steatorrhea, anemia, and weight loss.


major salivary gland carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the parotid gland, submandibular gland, or sublingual gland.


name: major salivary gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from a pleomorphic adenoma in the major salivary glands. It usually originates in the parotid gland. Patients usually present with a history of a long-standing tumor mass which grew rapidly in the past few months. Patients with non-invasive or minimally invasive carcinoma have an excellent prognosis. In cases where there is invasion of the surrounding tissues, the clinical course is aggressive.


Recurrent Submandibular Gland Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of submandibular gland carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Recurrent Parotid Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of parotid gland adenoid cystic carcinoma after a period of remission.


Parotid gland adenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma that arises from the parotid gland.


name: Stage IV Major Salivary Gland Carcinoma without Metastasis

description: Stage IV carcinoma of the major salivary glands without regional lymph nodes or distant metastases.


submandibular gland cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the submandibular gland.


name: squamous cell carcinoma of submandibular gland

description: An invasive squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the submandibular gland.  It usually affects elderly patients and presents as a rapidly enlarging tumor mass, often associated with pain.


name: Stage IVC Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Recurrent Submandibular Gland Undifferentiated Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of submandibular gland undifferentiated carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: mucoepidermoid carcinoma of submandibular gland

description: A mucoepidermoid carcinoma that involves the submandibular gland.


parotid gland squamous cell carcinoma

description: An invasive squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the parotid gland. It usually affects elderly patients and presents as a rapidly enlarging tumor mass, often associated with pain.


name: Recurrent Submandibular Gland Acinic Cell Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of submandibular gland acinic cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Stage III Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0).  T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, and/or tumor having extraparenchymal extension.  Extraparenchymal extension is clinical or macroscopic evidence of invasion of soft tissues. Microscopic evidence alone does not constitute extraparenchymal extension for classification purposes.  T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Stage IV Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: IVA (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVC (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Moderately advanced disease.  Tumor invades skin, mandible, ear canal, and/or facial nerve. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, and/or tumor having extraparenchymal extension. T4b: Very advanced disease.  Tumor invades skull base and/or pterygoid plates and/or encases carotid artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or more than 3 cm but not more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-), or in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-). N3: Metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or in a single ipsilateral node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Major Salivary Gland Adenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma that arises from the parotid gland, submandibular gland, or sublingual gland.


name: Submandibular Gland Acinic Cell Carcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma with serous acinar cell differentiation that arises from the submandibular gland.


name: Submandibular Gland Undifferentiated Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the submandibular gland and is characterized by the presence of undifferentiated, anaplastic malignant epithelial cells.


adenocarcinoma of sublingual gland

description: An adenocarcinoma that arises from the sublingual gland.


name: Major Salivary Gland Cancer by AJCC v8 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of major salivary gland cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition.


name: Stage I Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0.  T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. Extraparenchymal extension is clinical or macroscopic evidence of invasion of soft tissues. Microscopic evidence alone does not constitute extraparenchymal extension for classification purposes.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Stage IVA Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Moderately advanced disease.  Tumor invades skin, mandible, ear canal, and/or facial nerve. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension.  Extraparenchymal extension is clinical or macroscopic evidence of invasion of soft tissues. Microscopic evidence alone does not constitute extraparenchymal extension for classification purposes.  T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension.  T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, and/or tumor having extraparenchymal extension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, more than 3 cm but not more than 6 cm in greatest dimension, or in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension, or in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Recurrent Submandibular Gland Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of submandibular gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Recurrent Parotid Gland Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma

description: The reemergence of parotid gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma after a period of remission.


name: Stage II Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Recurrent Parotid Gland Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of parotid gland carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Stage IVB Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IVB includes: (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4b: Very advanced disease.  Tumor invades skull base and/or pterygoid plates and/or encases carotid artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N3: Metastasis in a lymph node larger than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or in a single ipsilateral node larger than 3 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or multiple ipsilateral, contralateral, or bilateral nodes any with ENE(+). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Recurrent Parotid Gland Squamous Cell Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of parotid gland squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


carcinoma of parotid gland

description: A carcinoma that involves the parotid gland.


name: Recurrent Submandibular Gland Squamous Cell Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of submandibular gland squamous cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Stage IVA Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T0, N2, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0). T4a: Moderately advanced disease.  Tumor invades skin, mandible, ear canal, and/or facial nerve. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, and/or tumor having extraparenchymal extension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension. N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(+); or more than 3 cm but not more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-); or metastases in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-), or in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension and ENE(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


sublingual gland carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the sublingual gland. Representative examples include cystadenocarcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma.


name: Stage 0 Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0. Tis: Carcinoma in situ. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Major Salivary Gland Squamous Cell Carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the parotid or submandibular gland.


name: Recurrent Parotid Gland Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of parotid gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: major salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the major salivary glands. It usually arises from the parotid gland. It is the most common primary carcinoma of the salivary glands and usually presents as a firm and painless mass. It is characterized by the presence of epidermoid cells, mucus producing cells, and cells of intermediate type. The majority of cases have a favorable outcome.


name: Recurrent Parotid Gland Acinic Cell Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of parotid gland acinic cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: major salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma

description: An aggressive carcinoma that arises from the major salivary glands. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial and myoepithelial cells forming cribriform, tubular, and solid patterns. It usually presents as a slow growing mass. Patients develop pain because of the tendency of these carcinomas to invade perineural tissues.


name: Major Salivary Gland Cancer by AJCC v7 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of major salivary gland cancer according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition.


name: Submandibular Gland Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from a pleomorphic adenoma in the submandibular gland.  Patients usually present with a history of a long-standing tumor mass which grew rapidly in the past few months.  Patients with non-invasive or minimally invasive carcinoma have an excellent prognosis.  In cases where there is invasion of the surrounding tissues, the clinical course is aggressive.


name: Major Salivary Gland Acinic Cell Carcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma with serous acinar cell differentiation that arises from the major salivary glands.  The vast majority of cases occur in the parotid gland.  Patients usually present with a slow growing mass in the parotid area.


parotid gland acinic cell carcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma with serous acinar cell differentiation that arises from the parotid gland. Patients usually present with a slow growing mass in the parotid area.


submandibular gland adenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma that arises from the submandibular gland. Representative examples include polymorphic low-grade adenocarcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma.


name: mucoepidermoid carcinoma of parotid gland

description: A mucoepidermoid carcinoma that involves the parotid gland.


name: parotid gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from a pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland. Patients usually present with a history of a long-standing tumor mass which grew rapidly in the past few months. Patients with non-invasive or minimally invasive carcinoma have an excellent prognosis. In cases where there is invasion of the surrounding tissues, the clinical course is aggressive.


name: Stage IV Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IV includes: IVA (T4a, N0, M0); (T4a, N1, M0); (T1, N2, M0); (T2, N2, M0); (T3, N2, M0); (T4a, N2, M0); IVB (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVC (Any T, Any N, M1). T4a: Moderately advanced disease.  Tumor invades skin, mandible, ear canal, and/or facial nerve. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension.  Extraparenchymal extension is clinical or macroscopic evidence of invasion of soft tissues. Microscopic evidence alone does not constitute extraparenchymal extension for classification purposes.  T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension.  T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, and/or tumor having extraparenchymal extension.  T4b: Very advanced disease.  Tumor invades skull base and/or pterygoid plates and/or encases carotid artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N2: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, more than 3 cm but not more than 6 cm in greatest dimension, or in multiple ipsilateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension, or in bilateral or contralateral lymph nodes, none more than 6 cm in greatest dimension.  N3: Metastasis in a lymph node, more than 6 cm in greatest dimension.  M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Recurrent Submandibular Gland Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma

description: The reemergence of submandibular gland carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma after a period of remission.


name: Stage I Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. Extraparenchymal extension is clinical or macroscopic evidence of invasion of soft tissues. Microscopic evidence alone does not constitute extraparenchymal extension for classification purposes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Parotid Gland Undifferentiated Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the parotid gland and is characterized by the presence of undifferentiated, anaplastic malignant epithelial cells.


parotid gland adenoid cystic carcinoma

description: An aggressive carcinoma that arises from the parotid gland. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial and myoepithelial cells forming cribriform, tubular, and solid patterns. It usually presents as a slow growing mass. Patients develop pain because of the tendency of these carcinomas to invade perineural tissues.


name: Recurrent Submandibular Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of submandibular gland adenoid cystic carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Stage III Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T0, N1, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0).  T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension, and/or tumor having extraparenchymal extension.  T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor measuring 2 cm or less in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension and ENE(-). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Stage IVC Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Stage II Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor measuring more than 2 cm, but not more than 4 cm in greatest dimension without extraparenchymal extension. Extraparenchymal extension is clinical or macroscopic evidence of invasion of soft tissues. Microscopic evidence alone does not constitute extraparenchymal extension for classification purposes.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Recurrent Parotid Gland Undifferentiated Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of parotid gland undifferentiated carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: submandibular gland adenoid cystic carcinoma

description: An aggressive carcinoma that arises from the submandibular gland. It is characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial and myoepithelial cells forming cribriform, tubular, and solid patterns. It usually presents as a slow growing mass. Patients develop pain because of the tendency of these carcinomas to invade perineural tissues.


name: Stage IVB Major Salivary Gland Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IVB includes: (T4b, Any N, M0); (Any T, N3, M0).  T4b: Very advanced disease.  Tumor invades skull base and/or pterygoid plates and/or encases carotid artery. N3: Metastasis in a lymph node, more than 6 cm in greatest dimension.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: AIDS-Related Plasmablastic Lymphoma of the Oral Mucosa

description: A plasmablastic oral mucosa lymphoma in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.


Plasmablastic Lymphoma of Mucosa Site

description: A plasmablastic lymphoma that arises from a mucosal site.


name: AIDS-Related Plasmablastic Lymphoma of Mucosa Site

description: A plasmablastic mucosal site lymphoma in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.


name: Plasmablastic Lymphoma of the Oral Mucosa

description: A plasmablastic lymphoma that arises from the oral mucosa. It is usually associated with HIV infection.


Early Stage Esophageal Carcinoma

description: A stage term referring to esophageal carcinoma that is confined to the esophageal mucosa or submucosa.


name: localized junctional epidermolysis bullosa, non-Herlitz type

description: Junctional epidermolysis bullosa, localized non-Herlitz-type is a form of non-Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB-nH) characterized by localized blistering, and dystrophic or absent nails.


nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 9

description: Deformity or discoloration of a fingernail or toenail.


Leukonychia

description: White discoloration of the nails.


first-degree atrioventricular block

description: A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of prolonged PR interval for a specific population. For adults one common threshold is a PR interval greater than 0.20 seconds.


ischemic bowel disorder

description: Disease of the large or small intestine that is caused by inadequate blood supply.


acute intestinal ischemia

description: Ischemia of the intestine that is rapid in onset.


chronic gonococcal salpingitis

description: Chronic form of gonococcal salpingitis.


Hypergastrinemia

description: An elevated amount of gastrin in the blood.


name: Abnormal circulating gastrin concentration

description: An abnormal concentration of gastrin in the blood.


Breast Cellular Fibroadenoma

description: A fibroadenoma characterized by the presence of a pericanalicular growth pattern, increased stromal cellularity, and less than 2 mitoses per 10 high-power fields.


description: A disorder seen following cancer chemotherapy. It typically manifests a few years after initiation of epipodophyllotoxin chemotherapy. Mutagenic potential of these non-intercalating DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors is believed to be increased with concurrent use of asparaginase or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Balanced translocations involving chromosomal bands 11q23 and 21q22 are commonly associated with this disorder. Clinical signs may include fatigue, dyspnea, bruising and frequent infections. Clinical course usually progresses to acute myeloid leukemia though most epipodophyllotoxin-related leukemias do not have an antecedent myelodysplastic phase. Prognosis is dismal with survivability usually less than one year.


name: liver inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor

description: A multinodular intermediate fibroblastic neoplasm arising from the liver. It is characterized by the presence of spindle-shaped fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, and a chronic inflammatory infiltrate composed of eosinophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells.


paratyphoid fever

description: A condition resembling typhoid fever that is caused by infection by Salmonella enterica serovar Parathyphi.


diaphragmatic eventration

description: A congenital or acquired abnormality characterized by elevation of the hemidiaphragm.


name: Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor-Induced Acneiform Lesion

description: Acneiform dermatitis caused by epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitory therapy in a dose-dependent manner.


acneiform dermatitis

description: Cutaneous eruptions resembling acne, characterized by the presence of papulonodules, pustules, comedones, or cysts in the face, trunk, and extremities. Causes include infections and the use of certain medications (e.g., antibiotics and steroids).


EBV-Related Carcinoma

description: Carcinoma that develops in individuals infected with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and in which there is a well-documented association between the neoplastic process and EBV.


name: Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma

description: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) is a rare form of gastric carcinoma (seen in approximately 10% of cases) with a male predominance, characterized by a latent EBV infection in gastric carcinoma cells, diffuse-type histology, a proximal location (in the body and cardia of the stomach) and a relatively favorable prognosis.


name: Low Grade Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia

description: Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of low grade epithelial dysplasia.


Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia-1A

description: A pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of tall columnar cells that form flat architectural patterns.  Mild cytological atypia is present.


Moderate pancreatic duct dysplasia

description: A pancreatic mucinous intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of papillary and less often flat architectural patterns.  Moderate cytological atypia is present with some loss of nuclear polarity, nuclear crowding or hyperchromatism.


Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia-1B

description: A pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of tall columnar cells that form papillary, micropapillary, or basally pseudostratified architectural patterns.  Mild cytological atypia is present.


Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia-1

description: A pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of tall columnar cells that form flat or papillary, micropapillary, and basally pseudostratified architectural patterns.  Mild cytological atypia is present.


Early balding

description: Loss of scalp hair at an earlier than normal age.


Erectile dysfunction

description: A multidimensional but common male sexual dysfunction that involves an alteration in any of the components of the erectile response, including organic, relational and psychological.


Autonomic erectile dysfunction

description: Impotence (inability to develop or maintain an erection) resulting from abnormal functioning of the autonomic nervous system.


name: Patient-Specific Neoantigen-Positive Malignant Solid Neoplasm

description: A malignant solid neoplasm that expresses unique tumor-specific neoantigens in a single patient.


name: Elevated circulating heptacarboxylporphyrin concentration

description: The concentration of heptacarboxylporphyrin in the blood circulation is above the upper limit of normal.


name: B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with TCF3-HLF Rearrangement

description: An exceptionally rare childhood B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with TCF3-HLF gene rearrangement resulting in the formation of TCF3-HLF chimeric transcription factor. The prognosis is poor.


name: B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with HLF Rearrangement

description: An exceptionally rare childhood B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with HLF gene rearrangement. The prognosis is poor.


name: B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with TCF4-HLF Rearrangement

description: An exceptionally rare childhood B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with TCF4-HLF gene rearrangement resulting in the formation of TCF4-HLF chimeric transcription factor. The prognosis is poor.


Retinal fold

description: A wrinkle of retinal tissue projecting outward from the surface of the retina and visible as a line on fundoscopy.


name: Retinal detachments and defects, unspecified

description: An imperfection if the retina of the eye in association with detachment of the retina from its blood supply.


Retinal defect, unspecified

description: An imperfection of the retina of the eye.


rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

description: Retinal detachment secondary to retinal tear or break.


Tractional retinal detachment

description: A type of retinal detachment arising due to a combination of contracting retinal membranes, abnormal vitreoretinal adhesions, and vitreous changes. It is usually seen in the context of diseases that induce a fibrovascular response, e.g. diabetes.


Exudative retinal detachment

description: A type of retinal detachment arising from damage to the outer blood-retinal barrier that allows fluid to access the subretinal space and separate the neurosensory retina from the retinal pigment epithelium.


name: chromosome 4Q32.1-q32.2 triplication syndrome


name: partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 4

description: Chromosome 4q duplication is a chromosome abnormality characterized by an extra copy (duplication) of genetic material on the long arm (q) of chromosome 4. The severity and specific symptoms depend on the size and location of the duplication, and which genes are involved. Features that have been described in some people with chromosome 4q duplication include developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, birth defects, and distinctive facial features. Most cases are inherited from an unaffected parent with a chromosomal rearrangement called a balanced translocation. Some cases are not inherited and occur sporadically. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person.


distal trisomy 4q

description: Distal trisomy 4q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 4, with highly variable phenotype typically characterized by psychomotor delay, intellectual disability, craniofacial dysmorphism (microcephaly, low-set, prominent ears, downslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, epicanthic folds, broad, prominent nasal bridge, high arched and cleft palate, micro-/retrognathia), seizures, as well as tooth and digital anomalies (clinodactyly, polydactyly). Cardiac malformations, renal anomalies, cryptorchidism, hypotonia and hearing impairment have also been reported.


Chronic gouty nephropathy

description: Chronic kidney disease resulting from deposition of urate crystals or microtophi in the medullary interstitium.


Non-Neoplastic Kidney Disorder

description: A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the renal parenchyma and/or renal pelvis. Representative examples include glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis.


Minimal mesangial lupus nephritis

description: A subclass of lupus nephritis with normal glomeruli by light microscopy, but mesangial immune deposits by immunofluorescence.


Nephrotic Syndrome - ADCK4 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the ADCK4 gene.


multicystic dysplastic kidney

description: Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) is a congenital anomaly of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in which one or both kidneys (unilateral or bilateral MCDK respectively) are large, distended by multiple cysts, and non-functional.


rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

description: Inflammation of the glomeruli that is characterized by a rapid loss in renal function with glomerular crescent formation observed on biopsy; it is often seen in patients with concomitant autoimmune disease, like Goodpasture's syndrome or systemic lupus erythematosus.


Nephrotic Syndrome - MYO1E Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the MYO1E gene.


Obesity Related Glomerulopathy

description: Diffuse glomerular (greater than 50% of glomeruli) hypertrophy (greater than 250 micron diameter) that occurs in the context of obesity.


Proximal tubulopathy

description: Dysfunction of the proximal tubule, which is the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle.


Thrombosis of renal artery

description: The formation of a thrombus in the renal artery.


Membranous Nephropathy - THSD7A Induced

description: Membranous nephropathy due to thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing protein 7A (THSD7A) antibodies.


name: Pauci-Immune Glomerulonephritis - Renal Limited

description: Glomerulonephritis in which anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) is almost always present and vasculitis is limited to the kidney.


Acute Cortical Necrosis

description: Acute kidney injury caused by ischemic necrosis of the renal cortex.


steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome

description: Nephrotic syndrome, occurring in the pediatric population, in which proteinuria does not normalize with administration of steroids; this condition is unresponsive to a minimum of four weeks administration of oral corticosteroids.


Nephropathy due to Ciclosporin

description: Kidney damage resulting from ciclosporin.


name: Chronic kidney disease due to hypertension

description: Longstanding kidney disease as a complication of hypertension.


Stage 1 chronic kidney disease

description: A type of chronic kidney disease with normal or increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR at least 90 mL/min/1.73 m2).


name: Nephrotic Syndrome - Simian Virus 40 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome associated with a simian virus 40 infection.


name: Cryoglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis Secondary to Systemic Disease

description: Cryoglobulinemia glomerulonephritis associated with chronic disease, often inflammatory conditions.


name: Nephrotic Syndrome - Human Immunodeficiency Virus Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection.


pyonephrosis

description: Pus within the collecting system of the kidney.


Uric acid nephropathy acute

description: Kidney damage resulting from uric acid precipitation within the renal tubules.


contrast-induced nephropathy

description: Kidney damage resulting from exposure to contrast agents.


Diffuse lupus nephritis

description: A subclass of lupus nephritis with active or inactive diffuse, segmental or global endocapillary or extracapillary glomerulonephritis involving at least 50% of all glomeruli, typically with diffuse subendothelial immune deposits, with or without mesangial alterations.


description: Tubulointerstitial nephritis resulting from a drug exposure.


Renal Pelvis Fibroepithelial Polyp

description: A benign, mesodermal tumor located in the renal pelvis.


name: Nephrotic syndrome with lesion of proliferative glomerulonephritis

description: A renal functional disorder characterized by proteinuria, edema, hyperlipidemia and hypoalbuminemia. It results from damage to the renal vascular filtration apparatus. It is further characterized by an inflammatory reaction of the glomerular capillaries due to the proliferation of mesangial cells and expansion of the mesangial matrix. Sequelae may include hypertension, atherosclerosis, infection, hypercoagulablity and renal failure.


Reflux nephropathy (disorder)

description: Chronic kidney damage due to vesicoureteral reflux.


Nephropathy due to Tacrolimus

description: Kidney damage resulting from tacrolimus.


name: Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome - Rubivirus Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome associated with rubella, most commonly presenting in the first three months of life.


name: Nephrotic Syndrome - Infection Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome associated with an infectious process.


Glomerular vascular disorder

description: A disorder that is caused by pathologic changes in the glomerular vasculature.


name: Nephrotic Syndrome - SMARCAL1 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the SMARCAL1 gene.


Nephrotic Syndrome - CFH Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the CFH gene.


acute pyelonephritis

description: Sudden onset pyelonephritis.


Chronic glomerulonephritis

description: A chronic, persistent inflammation of the glomeruli, which is slowly progressive, leading to impaired kidney function.


name: Acute renal papillary necrosis with renal failure

description: Sudden and sustained deterioration of the kidney function with decreased glomerular filtration rate, and concommittant necrosis of the renal papillae; representative causes include sickle cell disease, heave analgesic use, diabetes mellitus, and pyelonephritis.


Nephrotic Syndrome - ITGA3 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the ITGA3 gene.


name: Pauci-Immune Glomerulonephritis associated with Microscopic Polyangiitis

description: Glomerulonephritis in the context of systemic, small vessel vasculitis in which anti neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA) is almost always present.


Nephropathy due to Aminoglycosides

description: Kidney damage resulting from aminoglycosides.


description: Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is a condition that affects the kidneys. Many experts consider it a variant of minimal change disease, but some experts believe it is a separate condition. It may present with nephrotic syndrome, which is a group of symptoms that include protein in the urine (proteinuria), low blood protein levels, high cholesterol levels, high triglyceride levels, and swelling. It can also present with blood in the urine (hematuria). MPGN is characterized by an increased number of mesangial cells in the glomeruli in the kidneys and damage to the glomeruli. Glomeruli are the structures that help filter wastes and fluids. MPGN may occur in several renal diseases such as IgA nephropathy (commonly), IgM nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and C1q nephropathy.However, in some cases, the underlying cause of MPGN remains unclear. Treatment may depend on the cause (if known) and may include steroids, mycophenolate mofetil, and/or cyclophosphamide, and other therapies to treat specific symptoms. Most people with MPGN have a good prognosis, but some may develop chronic kidney disease, which can progress to end stage renal failure.


name: Chronic glomerulonephritis with lesion of membranous glomerulonephritis

description: A slowly progressive inflammation of the glomeruli characterized by immune complex deposits on the epithelial side of the glomerular basement membrane.


name: Membranous Nephropathy - Autoimmune Disorder Associated

description: Membranous nephropathy associated with an autoimmune disorder.


Nephrotic Syndrome - CRB2 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the CRB2 gene.


obstructive nephropathy

description: Renal damage and impaired renal function secondary to urinary tract obstruction.


Familial immunoglobulin A nephropathy

description: IgA nephropathy secondary to a genetic mutation that is transmitted from parents to offspring.


Acquired calyceal diverticulum

description: An out-pouching of the calyx into the renal parenchyma.


Nephrotic Syndrome - PDSS2 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the PDSS2 gene.


name: Nephrotic Syndrome with Lesion of Focal Glomerulosclerosis

description: A renal functional disorder characterized by proteinuria, edema, hyperlipidemia and hypoalbuminemia. It results from damage to the renal vascular filtration apparatus. It is further characterized by scarring of some of the glomerular capillaries. Sequelae may include hypertension, atherosclerosis, infection, hypercoagulablity and renal failure.


diffuse glomerulonephritis

description: Inflammation of the glomeruli, in which all glomeruli are affected, resulting in renal failure.


Nephrotic Syndrome - COQ2 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the COQ2 gene.


name: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Nephritis Class V

description: Systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis, with global or segmental subepithelial immune deposits or their morphologic sequelae by light microscopy and by immunofluorescence or electron microscopy, with or without mesangial alterations. (Weening, Jan J. et al. (2004). The Classification of Glomerulonephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Revisited. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15(2), 241-50.)


Hantavirus nephropathy

description: Tubulointerstitial hemorrhage resulting from hantavirus infection.


Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis

description: Glomerulonephritis in the context of Henoch-Schönlein purpura.


name: Chronic Kidney Disease due to Diabetes Mellitus

description: Longstanding kidney disease as a complication of diabetes.


Renal infarction

description: Ischemic necrosis of the kidney caused by interruption of the blood supply to the area.


Steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome

description: A type of nephrotic syndrome in which two consecutive relapses (albumin urine dipstick at least 3+ or proteinuria greater than 40 mg/m2/d or urinary protein to creatinine ratio at least 2000 mg/g for 3 consecutive days) occur during corticosteroid therapy, or within 14 days of ceasing therapy.


name: Acute Kidney Injury with Renal Replacement Therapy Related to COVID-19

description: Abrupt reduction in kidney function as measured by urine output and renal biomarkers requiring any renal replacement therapy in a patient with probable or confirmed acute COVID-19.


Leptospirosis Nephropathy

description: Interstitial nephritis due to Leptospira, which may be associated with non-oliguric acute kidney injury.


Cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis

description: Glomerulonephritis in the context of cryoglobulinemia.


name: Chemotherapeutic Drug - Induced Nephropathy

description: Kidney damage resulting from exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs.


IgM - Associated Nephropathy

description: A condition characterized by deposition of IgM antibody in the glomerulus.


NSAID-Induced Nephropathy

description: Kidney damage resulting from exposure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).


Idiopathic Membranous Glomerulopathy

description: Chronic degenerative changes in the kidney characterized by thickened and inflamed glomeruli and proteinurea, the cause of which is unknown.


Microcystic renal disease

description: A congenital renal disorder characterized by the presence of small cysts in the renal cortex and/or renal medulla.


Focal lupus nephritis

description: A subclass of lupus nephritis with active or inactive focal, segmental or global endocapillary or extracapillary glomerulonephritis involving less than 50% of all glomeruli, typically with focal subendothelial immune deposits, with or without mesangial alterations


Idiopathic Renal Papillary Necrosis

description: Necrosis of the renal papillae, for which no underlying cause has been identified.


Diffuse glomerulosclerosis

description: A renal disorder characterized by glomerular damage due to ischemia. It leads to progressive deterioration of renal function.


name: Nephrotic Syndrome with Lesion of Persistent Glomerulonephritis

description: A renal functional disorder characterized by proteinuria, edema, hyperlipidemia and hypoalbuminemia. It results from damage to the renal vascular filtration apparatus. It is further characterized by a chronic inflammatory reaction in the glomerular capillaries. Sequelae may include hypertension, atherosclerosis, infection, hypercoagulablity and renal failure.


name: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Nephritis Class IV G

description: Systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis, characterized by active or inactive diffuse, global endo- or extracapillary glomerulonephritis that involves 50% or more of all glomeruli. (Weening, Jan J. et al. (2004). The Classification of Glomerulonephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Revisited. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15(2), 241-50.)


name: Nephrotic Syndrome - ARHGAP24 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the ARHGAP24 gene.


Stage 4 chronic kidney disease

description: A type of chronic kidney disease with severely reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR 15-29 mL/min/1.73 m2).


proliferative glomerulonephritis

description: A constellation of renal disorders characterized by an increase number of cells in the glomerulus; these disorders generally present with nephrotic syndrome, and generally progress to end stage renal failure over a matter of weeks to years, depending on the etiology. Examples include IgA nephropathy, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.


Chronic kidney disease stage 3B

description: Long-standing and persistent renal disease with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 30-44 ml/min.


Advanced sclerotic lupus nephritis

description: A subclass of lupus nephritis with at least 90% of glomeruli globally sclerosed without residual activity.


name: Calcineurin Inhibitor - Induced Nephropathy

description: Kidney damage resulting from exposure to calcineurin inhibitors.


name: Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome - Cytomegalovirus Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome associated with a cytomegalovirus infection, most commonly presenting in the first three months of life.


name: Light Chain Proximal Tubulopathy without Crystals

description: A morphologic variant of light chain proximal tubulopathy with no evidence of crystal formation. It is characterized by acute tubular injury with no evidence lysosomal immunoglobulin crystals.


Nephrotic Syndrome - CD2AP Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the CD2AP gene.


name: Nephrotic Syndrome - Toxoplasmosis Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome associated with a toxoplasmosis infection.


Nephrotic Syndrome - ARHGDIA Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the ARHGDIA gene.


Acute glomerulonephritis

description: An acute inflammation of the glomeruli, generally secondary to infection or injury.


name: Nephrotic Syndrome - Syphilis Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome associated with a syphilis infection.


Nephrotic Syndrome - NPHS2 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the NPHS2 gene.


name: C3 Glomerulopathy with Monoclonal Gammopathy

description: A subset of C3 glomerulopathy in which there is an associated finding of monoclonal gammopathy.


Nephrotic Syndrome - CUBN Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the CUBN gene.


crescentic glomerulonephritis

description: A histopathologic term for a pattern of diseases characterized by extensive crescent formation in the glomeruli; patients present clinically with rapid deterioration of renal function, and possible progression to end-stage renal failure within weeks or months.


Malignant Hypertensive Nephropathy

description: Hypertensive nephropathy secondary to malignant hypertension.


name: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Nephritis Class IV S

description: Systemic lupus erythematosus nephritis characterized by active or inactive diffuse, segmental endo- or extracapillary glomerulonephritis that involves 50% or more of all glomeruli. (Weening, Jan J. et al. (2004). The Classification of Glomerulonephritis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Revisited. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 15(2), 241-50.)


Lithium - Induced Nephropathy

description: Kidney damage resulting from lithium which may include distal or collecting tubular cysts, proteinuria, interstitial nephritis and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.


Secondary Collapsing Glomerulopathy

description: Collapsing glomerulopathy for which an underlying cause has been identified.


Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis 7

description: An autosomal dominant type of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis caused by mutation(s) in the PAX2  gene, encoding which paired box protein Pax-2.


Postpartum acute renal failure

description: Renal failure that occurs postpartum due to any partum problem (hemorrhage, sepsis, preeclampsia).


Nephrotic Syndrome - INF2 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the INF2 gene.


name: Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome - Toxoplasma Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome associated with toxoplasmosis, most commonly presenting in the first three months of life.


xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

description: Chronic, destructive infection of the kidney characterized by lipid-laden macrophages in the setting of obstruction secondary to infected renal stones, most commonly caused by Proteus or Escherichia coli.


Nephrotic Syndrome - ANLN Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the ANLN gene.


Acute cellular allograft nephropathy

description: A sudden onset of T-cell mediated immune response occurring after transplantation, directed against donor kidney alloantigens.


Scleroderma renal crisis

description: The onset of acute renal failure, normally coupled with marked hypertension in a patient with scleroderma.


HIV-associated nephropathy

description: Renal disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. It is characterized by nephrotic syndrome, azotemia, normal to large kidneys on ultrasound images, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis on renal biopsy findings.


chronic pyelonephritis

description: Persistent pyelonephritis.


Nephrotic Syndrome - EMP2 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the EMP2 gene.


name: Membranous Nephropathy - Malignancy Associated

description: Membranous nephropathy in the context of malignancy.


kidney hypertrophy

description: Global enlargement of the renal parenchyma in one or both kidneys.


name: Acute Kidney Injury without Renal Replacement Therapy Related to COVID-19

description: Abrupt reduction in kidney function as measured by urine output and renal biomarkers but not requiring any renal replacement therapy in a patient with probable or confirmed acute COVID-19.


name: Nephrotic Syndrome with Lesion of Membranous Glomerulonephritis

description: A renal functional disorder characterized by proteinuria, edema, hyperlipidemia and hypoalbuminemia. It results from damage to the renal vascular filtration apparatus. It is further characterized by an inflammatory reaction in the glomerular capillaries due to the deposition of immune complexes and subsequent thickening of the glomerular basement membrane. Sequelae may include hypertension, atherosclerosis, infection, hypercoagulablity and renal failure.


acute urate nephropathy

description: Urolithiasis in which the composition of the stones is predominantly urate.


hypertensive nephropathy

description: Kidney damage that results from chronically elevated blood pressure; complications include glomerular damage resulting in proteinuria and hematuria.


name: Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome - Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

description: Nephrotic syndrome within the first three months of life, characterized by scarring of the glomerulus, in which only part of the glomerulus is involved, and less than 50% of the glomeruli are affected.


Ischemic nephropathy

description: Nephropathy due to hypoperfusion of the kidney.


name: Nephrotic Syndrome - Frequently Relapsing

description: Nephrotic syndrome in which there is relapse occurring two or more times in the first six months, or four or more times in a year.


name: Nephrotic Syndrome - Infrequently Relapsing

description: Nephrotic syndrome in which there is a relapse occurring less than twice in the first six months, or less than four times in a year.


name: Nephrotic Syndrome - Hepatitis B Virus Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome associated with hepatitis B.


name: nephrotic syndrome of childhood - steroid sensitive

description: Nephrotic syndrome, occurring in the pediatric population, characterized by the normalization of proteinuria with the administration of corticosteroids.


Arterionephrosclerosis

description: Scarring and atrophy of the renal cortex that occurs in hypertensive patients and in old age.


renal artery disease

description: A disease involving the renal artery.


Nephropathy due to Cisplatin

description: Kidney damage resulting from cisplatin.


description: Membranous nephropathy associated with infectious disease.


Renal transplant rejection

description: A sudden immune response occurring after transplantation, directed against donor kidney alloantigens.


Acute humoral allograft nephropathy

description: A sudden onset of B-cell mediated immune response occurring after transplantation, directed against donor kidney alloantigens.


name: Nephropathy Associated with Rhabdomyolysis

description: Nephropathy associated with rhabdomyolysis.


IgA Nephropathy, Infection-associated

description: IgA nephropathy co-occurring with infectious disease.


Nephrotic Syndrome - LAMB2 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the LAMB2 gene.


name: Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

description: Focal scarring of the glomerulus, which may result in isolated proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome, which affects only part of the glomerulus and only some of the glomeruli. The condition is considered primary in cases for which no underlying cause has been identified.


Nephropathy due to Analgesic Drugs

description: Kidney damage resulting from analgesic drugs.


Complex renal cyst

description: A renal cyst characterized by epithelium lined space (squamous/columnar) with septations.


glomerular disorder

description: A disease involving the renal glomerulus.


name: Nephrotic Syndrome - Cytomegalovirus Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome associated with a cytomegalovirus infection.


Tip Lesion Glomerulopathy

description: Segmental glomerulopathy of localized intracapillary foam cells with adjacent, often vacuolated glomerular epithelial cells confluent to the origin of the proximal tubule.


Bone Marrow Transplantation Nephropathy

description: Kidney dysfunction resulting from complications of bone marrow transplantation.


Schistosomiasis Nephropathy

description: Kidney disease associated with Schistosoma infection. Injury to the kidney may be a result of immunologically mediated glomerular or interstitial injury and/or a result of reflux nephropathy.


Chronic kidney disease stage 3A

description: Long-standing and persistent renal disease with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 45-59 ml/min.


acute diffuse glomerulonephritis

description: An acute inflammation of the glomeruli, in which all glomeruli are affected, resulting in acute renal failure.


name: Secondary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

description: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis due to another medical condition.


Bisphosphonate - Induced Nephropathy

description: Kidney damage resulting from exposure to bisphosphonates.


Stage 2 chronic kidney disease

description: A type of chronic kidney disease with mildly reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR 60-89 mL/min/1.73 m2).


Nephrotic Syndrome - DGKE Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the DGKE gene.


Nephrotic Syndrome - TRPC6 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the TRPC6 gene.


Calcineurin Nephrotoxicity

description: Kidney injury caused by calcineurin inhibitor immunosuppressive therapy which may lead to diminished kidney function.


Primary Collapsing Glomerulopathy

description: Collapsing glomerulopathy for which no underlying cause has been identified.


immunotactoid glomerulopathy

description: Immunotactoid glomerulopathy (ITG) is a very rare condition characterized by glomerular accumulation of microtubules in the mesangium and the glomerular basement membrane, that mainly presents with proteinuria, micro-hematuria, nephrotic syndrome, renal insufficiency and hematologic malignancy. ITG and non-amyloid fibrillary glomerulopathy (non-amyloid FGP) are often grouped together as pathogenetically related diseases.


Nephrotic Syndrome - LMX1B Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the LMX1B gene.


Drug-induced Nephropathy

description: Kidney damage resulting from exposure to drugs.


name: Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome - Treponema Pallidum Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome associated with syphilis, most commonly presenting in the first three months of life.


Radiation Nephropathy

description: Tissue damage to the glomerulus and renal tubules resulting from irradiation, which is characterized by vascular endothelial damage, mesangial damage, platelet aggregation in the capillary loops, thickening of the glomerular arteriolar intimal layer, and atrophic tubules.


name: Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Collapsing Variant

description: A variant of FSGS characterized by glomerular tuft collapse, which may result in scarring. (D'Agati VD, et al. "Pathologic Classification of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Working Proposal." Am J Kidney Dis 43.2 (2004): 368-82.)


description: Inflammation of the glomeruli secondary to presence of autoantibodies directed at specific antigenic targets within the glomerular basement membrane, causing hematuria, proteinuria, and impaired renal function.


name: Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Cellular Variant

description: A variant of FSGS characterized by hypercellularity of the glomerulus; this excludes the tip and collapsing FSGS. (D'Agati VD, et al. "Pathologic Classification of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Working Proposal." Am J Kidney Dis 43.2 (2004): 368-82.)


name: Membranous Nephropathy - Drug Associated

description: Membranous nephropathy associated with exposure to a drug.


name: Focal AND segmental proliferative glomerulonephritis

description: Glomerulonephritis characterized by proliferation of endothelial or mesangial cells, affecting the glomeruli in a focal and segmental pattern.


Multiple glomerular cysts

description: The presence of many cysts in the glomerulus of the kidney related to dilatation of the Bowman's capsule.


name: Chronic glomerulonephritis with lesion of proliferative glomerulonephritis

description: A slowly progressive inflammation of the glomeruli occurring status post infection with streptococcus.


exudative glomerulonephritis

description: Inflammation of the glomeruli with infiltration by polymorphonuclear leukocytes.


Nephrotic Syndrome - PLCE1 Associated

description: Nephrotic syndrome attributed to mutation(s) in the PLCE1 gene.


pyelitis

description: Inflammation of the renal pelvis.