Astrocytoma, IDH-Wildtype

description: Astrocytoma lacking mutations in IDH1 or IDH2 genes. It includes diffuse astrocytoma, IDH-wildtype and anaplastic astrocytoma, IDH-wildtype.


name: Stage IA Ampulla of Vater Cancer AJCC v7

category: biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor limited to ampulla of Vater or sphincter of Oddi.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


name: Locally Advanced Malignant Skin Neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm of the skin that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


name: Unresectable Platinum-Resistant Fallopian Tube Carcinoma

description: A platinum-resistant fallopian tube carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Unresectable Oligodendroglioma, IDH-Mutant and 1p/19q-Codeleted

description: Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Myolipoma

description: A benign extrauterine tumor composed of mature adipocytes and smooth muscle cells.


Glandular odontogenic cyst

description: A developmental odontogenic cyst with epithelial features that simulate salivary gland or glandular differentiation. (WHO 2017)


name: Stage IIIA Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IIIA includes: Any T, N1a, M0.  N1a: Micrometastasis in regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th Ed.)


Vulvar Tubulovillous Adenoma

description: An intestinal-type adenoma that arises from the vulva. It is characterized by the presence of a tubulovillous architectural pattern.


name: FIGO Stage IVB Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor


Benign Thalamic Neoplasm

description: A neoplasm that arises from the thalamus and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


Nodular and Massive Retinal Gliosis

description: A spectrum of discrete retinal glial proliferations surrounding blood vessels, ranging in size from small nodules to massive lesions that fill the eye. (WHO 2018)


Conventional Schwannoma

description: A common, usually encapsulated benign nerve sheath tumor composed of well-differentiated Schwann cells.


Borderline Broad Ligament Serous Tumor

description: A rare non-invasive tumor that arises from the broad ligament. It is characterized by the presence of serous epithelial cell proliferation and cytological atypia.


Lymphosarcoma of spleen

description: An antiquated term that refers to a non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of small and medium sized lymphocytes affecting the spleen.


name: Metastatic Digestive System Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

description: A neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from any part of the digestive system and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


Thrombotic Disorder

description: A disorder in which there is pathological development of blood clots within the cardiovascular system.


name: Primary cutaneous acral CD8 positive T-cell lymphoma

description: A primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder that presents as an acral (peripheral) lesion. It is composed of CD8-positive neoplastic T-lymphocytes. It is usually localized to a single site and has an indolent clinical course. Local or more extensive recurrences have been described in a minority of patients.


Secondary Glioblastoma

description: A glioblastoma arising from a lower grade astrocytoma.


description: A lymphoproliferative disorder that occurs in a patient with immunodeficiency.


Recurrent Malignant Glioma

description: The reemergence of malignant glioma after a period of remission.


AIDS-Related Hodgkin Lymphoma

description: Hodgkin lymphoma secondary to AIDS. An increased incidence of Hodgkin lymphomas has been observed in HIV positive patients. Most cases are morphologically classified as lymphocyte depleted or mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphomas.


name: Solar Radiation-Related Malignant Neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm arising in an anatomic site exposed to solar radiation.


Basal cell hyperplasia

description: A pathologic hyperplastic process characterized by the proliferation of the cells of the epithelial layer that resemble the basal cells of the lower part of the epidermis.


Childhood Nervous System Neoplasm

description: A neoplasm that affects the nervous system during childhood.


Multilocular Thymic Cyst

category: biolink:PhenotypicFeature biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: A multicystic lesion that arises from the epithelial component of the thymus gland.  It is usually associated with the presence of lymphoid follicles and degenerative changes.  Although its etiology is unknown, it has been described in patients with HIV infection and in patients with nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma affecting the thymus gland.


Extra-adrenal paraganglioma, malignant

description: An extra-adrenal paraganglioma that metastasizes to regional or distant anatomic sites.  Common sites of metastasis include the lymph nodes, lungs, bones, and liver.


Adult Myofibroma

description: A rare myofibroma that occurs in adults.


Subcutaneous edema

description: Presence of edema in subcutaneous connective tissue.


name: Unresectable Abdominal Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

description: An abdominal neuroendocrine neoplasm that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Pelvic Rhabdomyosarcoma

description: Rhabdomyosarcoma involving the organs and structures in the pelvis.


Nodular Melanoma

description: A melanoma that arises from the skin and mucosal sites. It is characterized by a vertical growth phase and lacks a significant radial growth phase. It may or may not arise from a pre-existing nevus. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of cohesive aggregates of neoplastic melanocytes in the dermis that often exhibit an epithelioid appearance. The overlying epidermis is often involved.


name: AIDS-Related Lymphoma by Working Formulation


name: Lugano Classification Stage II Bulky Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

description: Stage II Bulky: Stage II with disease bulk. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Non-Neoplastic Urethra Disorder

description: A non-neoplastic disorder affecting the urethra.


Recurrent Spindle Cell Sarcoma

description: The reemergence of spindle cell sarcoma after a period of remission.


Unresectable Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma

description: Adenocarcinoma that arises from the gallbladder and is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Recurrent Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Recurrent Genetic Abnormalities

description: The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent genetic abnormalities after a period of remission.


name: Usual Prostate Adenocarcinoma with Neuroendocrine Differentiation

description: Acinar adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland characterized by the presence of scattered neuroendocrine cells by immunohistochemistry.


Benign neoplasm of broad ligament

description: A neoplasm that arises from the broad ligament and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


name: Mature Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Proliferation Associated with Myeloid Neoplasm

description: A clonal proliferation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in patients with defined myeloid neoplasms. It is characterized by neoplastic proliferations of mature cells with plasmacytoid morphology in the skin, bone marrow, and very rarely, lymph nodes. Patients are predominantly older males.


name: Serous Endometrial Intraepithelial Carcinoma

description: A precursor of endometrial serous adenocarcinoma characterized by the replacement of the normal endometrial cells by malignant glandular cells that resemble the malignant cells of invasive serous adenocarcinoma. The endometrial neoplastic process is non-invasive. It may coexist with invasive endometrial adenocarcinoma or can be associated with metastases outside the uterus, in the absence of invasive endometrial carcinoma.


Arrhythmia-Induced Cardiomyopathy

description: A reversible cardiomyopathy presumed to result from the presence of arrhythmias, including the tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (T-CM), atrial fibrillation-induced cardiomyopathy (AF-CM), and premature ventricular contraction-induced cardiomyopathy (PVC-CM).


Stage IIA Prostate Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IIA includes: (T1a-c, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Gleason 7); (T1a-c, N0, M0, PSA equal or more than 10 and less than 20, Gleason equal or less than 6); (T2a, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Gleason equal or less than 7); (T2b, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Gleason equal or less than 7); (T2b, N0, M0, PSA X, Gleason X). T1a: Tumor incidental histologic finding in 5% or less of tissue resected.  T1b: Tumor incidental histologic finding in more than 5% of tissue resected.  T1c: Tumor identified by needle biopsy (e.g., because of elevated PSA).  T2a: Tumor involves one-half of one lobe or less.  T2b: Tumor involves more than one-half of one lobe, but not both lobes.  cN0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  pN0: No positive regional nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  Gleason 7: Moderately differentiated (moderate anaplasia).  Gleason Equal or Less than 6: Well differentiated (slight anaplasia).  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Injury of prostate

description: Trauma to the prostate.


name: Refractory Digestive System Neuroendocrine Neoplasm

description: A digestive system neuroendocrine neoplasm that is resistant to treatment.


Gastrointestinal Radiation Injury

description: Radiation injury of the gastrointestinal system.


Thoracoceloschisis

description: A congenital fissure of both the thoracic and abdominal walls.


In situ mantle cell neoplasia

description: A neoplastic lymphoid process characterized by the presence of cyclin D1 positive lymphoid cells, typically in the inner mantle zones of lymphoid tissue follicles, in cases that do not suggest the diagnosis of a mantle cell lymphoma. It is often found incidentally and has a low rate of progression.


name: Clinical Stage IV Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: IVA: (T1-4a, N2, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1). T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Small cell carcinoma, fusiform cell

description: A neuroendocrine carcinoma composed of malignant fusiform small cells.


name: Systemic Hydroa Vacciniforme Lymphoproliferative Disorder

description: Hydroa vacciniforme lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by severe clinical course and associated with fever, lymph node involvement, and involvement of internal organs by EBV-positive T-cells and NK-cells. It usually affects Asian and Latin American individuals.


name: Recurrent Endocervical Adenocarcinoma, Usual-Type

description: The reemergence of endocervical adenocarcinoma, usual-type after a period of remission.


name: Stage III Renal Pelvis and Ureter Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage III includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: For renal pelvis only: Tumor invades beyond muscularis into peripelvic fat or into the renal parenchyma. For ureter only: Tumor invades beyond muscularis into periureteric fat. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Myeloid Leukemia, Philadelphia- Negative

description: Myeloid leukemia characterized by the absence of Philadelphia chromosome.


name: mucinous cystic neoplasm with moderate dysplasia

description: A non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the pancreas and is characterized by the presence of moderate dysplasia.  The neoplastic columnar mucin-producing epithelial cells form papillary projections or crypt-like invaginations. There is cellular pseudostratification and mitotic activity present.


Hindgut Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

description: A neuroendocrine tumor that arises from the sigmoid colon, descending colon, or rectum.


Stage IA Osteosarcoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IA includes: T1, N0, M0, G1, G2, GX.  T1: Tumor 8 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well differentiated-low grade.  G2: Moderately differentiated-low grade.  GX: Grade cannot be assessed. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Recurrent Chronic Leukemia

description: The reemergence of chronic leukemia after a period of remission.


Filiform Serrated Adenoma

description: A traditional serrated adenoma characterized by the presence of prominent villous projections of the neoplastic epithelium.


name: Recurrent Acute Panmyelosis with Myelofibrosis

description: The reemergence of acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis after a period of remission.


Mild epithelial dysplasia

description: A precancerous neoplastic process that affects the squamous, glandular, or transitional cell epithelium without evidence of invasion. It is characterized by the presence of mild epithelial dysplasia.


Neutrophilic dermatosis

description: A type of dermatosis characterized by dense infiltration of neutrophils in the skin without evidence of infection or vasculitis. It may be secondary to an underlying systemic illness.


Non-Neoplastic Cardiovascular Disorder

description: A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the heart and/or vessels.  Representative examples include myocardial infarction, endocarditis, arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and lymphedema.


name: Locally Advanced Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma

description: A bladder urothelial carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Chronic acquired lymphedema

description: A condition that is caused by trauma to the lymph system, which disrupts the normal flow of lymph fluid. This is most often due to surgery that requires lymph node removal or a large amount of lymph tissue. This disruption is especially apparent if the lymph nodes under the arm and arm and around the breast are compromised due to breast cancer surgery, diagnostic dissection, mastectomy, or radiation.


name: Chest Pain Along Right Middle Sternal Border

description: The location of the chest pain is along the right middle border of the sternum.


name: Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Myelodysplasia-Related Gene Mutations

description: A group of acute myeloid leukemias characterized by the presence of gene mutations that are associated with myelodysplasia.


Stage IV Prostate Cancer AJCC v6

description: Stage IV includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1) (Any G).  T4: Tumor is fixed or invades adjacent structures other than seminal vesicles: bladder neck, external sphincter, rectum, levator muscles, and/or pelvic wall.  N1: Metastasis in regional lymph node(s).  M1: Distant metastasis.  (AJCC 6th ed.)


name: Testicular Sertoli Cell Tumor, Lipid Rich Variant

description: A testicular Sertoli cell tumor in which the neoplastic cells have clear and vacuolated cytoplasm due to accumulation of intracytoplasmic lipids.


Endometrial Dedifferentiated Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the endometrium and is characterized by the presence of an undifferentiated carcinomatous component and a second component of either FIGO grade 1 or 2 endometrioid carcinoma.


Adult Type Granulosa Cell Tumor

description: A low-grade malignant sex cord-stromal tumor occurring in the ovary and rarely in the testis. It is composed of granulosa cells in an often fibrothecomatous stroma. The neoplastic cells may form various patterns including the microfollicular, which is characterized by the presence of Call-Exner bodies, macrofollicular, insular, trabecular, and diffuse pattern. In females, it affects middle aged to post-menopausal women. Signs and symptoms include abdominal mass, hemoperitoneum, and ascites. Estrogenic and rarely androgenic manifestations may be present. The vast majority of cases present as stage I tumors; however, all tumors have a potential for aggressive clinical course. In males, it is reported in the age range of 16-76 years and the average age at presentation is 44 years. A minority of patients have gynecomastia. Metastases have been reported in a minority of patients.


Stage IA2 Cervical Cancer FIGO 2009

description: Cervical carcinoma measuring more than 3 mm and not more than 5 mm in depth. (FIGO 2009)


A1 Hydronephrosis

description: Antenatal hydronephrosis with the following clinical findings: 1) an anterior-posterior renal pelvis diameter (APRPD) of 4 to less than 7 mm at less than 28 weeks, 2) to less than10 mm at greater than or equal to 28 weeks, and 3) may have central calyceal dilation. (Adapted from: Hiep T. Nguyen, Carol B. Benson, Bryann Bromley, Jeffrey B. Campbell, Jeanne Chow, Beverly Coleman, Christopher Cooper, Jude Crino, Kassa Darge, C.D. Anthony Herndon, Anthony O. Odibo, Michael J.G. Somers, Deborah R. Stein; Multidisciplinary consensus on the classification of prenatal and postnatal urinary tract dilation (UTD classification system); Pediatric Urology; December 2014 Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 982-998)


name: Childhood Benign Genitourinary System Neoplasm

description: A childhood neoplasm that arises from any part of the genitourinary system and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


name: Invasive Lipid-Rich Urothelial Carcinoma

description: Invasive urothelial carcinoma characterized by the presence of lipid laden tumor cells.


Fourth Degree Perineal Laceration

description: Injury to perineum involving anal sphincter complex and internal anal sphincter and anal epithelium. (reVITALize)


Sickle Cell-SS Disease

description: A variant of sickle cell disease due to homozygosity of the E6V mutation, amino acid substitution of valine for glutamic acid in the sixth position of the beta chain, resulting in the production of hemoglobin S from both alleles.


Steroid-induced myopathy

description: A non-neoplastic disorder affecting the skeletal muscles. It is caused by damage to muscle fibers either by excessive intake of corticosteroids (steroid treatment) or high levels of endogenous corticosteroids due to hormonal abnormalities. Patients usually present with weakness mainly in the proximal muscles of the upper and lower extremities and the neck flexors.


Neonatal Early-Onset Sepsis

description: An infectious disorder of newborn infants that is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response within 72 hours of life and is most commonly caused by bacteria.


Rheumatic aortic valve disease

description: A disorder of the aortic valve secondary to rheumatic fever.


Refractory Cervical Carcinoma

description: Cervical carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


name: Intrahepatic Bile Duct Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia

description: A neoplastic, non-invasive lesion that affects the intrahepatic bile duct epithelium.  It is characterized by the presence of atypical epithelial cells with an increased nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear hyperchromasia, and loss of nuclear polarity.


46,XY Sex Reversal 2

description: Sex reversal in an individual with 46,XY karyotype caused by point mutations or deletions in the NR0B1 gene, encoding nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 1.


name: Idiopathic 46,XY Differences of Sex Development

description: Conditions affecting individuals whose karyotype is 46,XY that is characterized by atypical development of the internal or external sex structures, or the gonads, and in whom no genetic, environmental, or biochemical causation can be established.


name: Stage IIB Ampulla of Vater Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IIB includes: (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0).  T1: Tumor limited to ampulla of Vater or sphincter of Oddi.  T2: Tumor invades the duodenal wall.  T3: Tumor invades the pancreas.  N1: Regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Islet Glucagon Cell Hyperplasia

description: Hyperplasia of the alpha cells of the pancreas.


Malignant neoplasm of urethra local

description: A urethral carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


name: Unresectable Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: Pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Mucosal Melanoma of the Urinary System

description: A malignant melanocytic neoplasm that arises from a mucosal site of the urinary system.


Exogenous Obesity

description: Obesity caused by caloric intake greater than caloric expenditures.


Biventricular congestive heart failure

description: Heart failure due to dysfunction of both the left and right ventricles.


name: Recurrent Extracranial Malignant Solid Neoplasm

description: The reemergence of an extracranial malignant solid neoplasm after a period of remission.


name: Aleukemic Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cutis

description: Aleukemic acute lymphoblastic leukemia that manifests with cutaneous involvement.


HPV16 Infection

description: An infection caused by human papillomavirus 16. HPV16 infection is associated with a risk for cervical cancer.


Hemangioma of conjunctiva

description: A hemangioma that arises from the conjunctiva.


Exertional Fatigue

description: Prolonged, extreme exhaustion after physical or mental effort or stress.


Refractory Gallbladder Carcinoma

description: Gallbladder carcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


Vulvar Non-Neoplastic Disorder

description: A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the vulva. Representative examples include infection and fibroepithelial polyp.


External hydrocephalus

description: Abnormal increase of cerebrospinal fluid in the subdural space of the brain.


description: A Hodgkin lymphoma that develops in patients who are immunosuppressed with methotrexate.


name: Advanced Extrapulmonary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: Extrapulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Adult Diffuse Mixed Cell Lymphoma

description: A B-or T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma composed of a mixed-sized lymphocytic population occurring in adults.


name: Esophageal Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: An aggressive, high-grade and poorly differentiated carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the esophagus.  It is characterized by the presence of malignant large cells.


Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage

description: Bleeding originating in the retroperitoneal area.


Recurrent Subsequent Malignant Neoplasm

description: The reemergence of a malignant neoplasm other than the original one, after a period of remission.


name: Stage IVA Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma


Eye Melanocytoma

description: A benign neoplastic melanocytic proliferation affecting the optic disk and optic nerve or the uvea.


tubular adenoma of gallbladder

description: An adenoma that arises from the gallbladder.  It is characterized by the presence of a tubular growth pattern.


End Organ Damage from Diabetes

description: Irreparable damage to multiple organs/systems which is the result of chronic complications of diabetes.  The affected organs/systems include the cardiovascular system, kidneys, eyes, nervous system, joints and feet.


name: Human Papillomavirus-Related Cervical Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the cervix and is caused by human papillomavirus infection.


Stage IV Uterine Corpus Cancer AJCC v6

description: Stage IV includes: IVA: (T4, Any N, M0); IVB: (Any T, Any N, M1).  T4: Tumor invades bladder mucosa and/or bowel mucosa (bullous edema is not sufficient to classify a tumor as T4).  M1: Distant metastasis (includes metastasis to abdominal lymph nodes other than para-aortic, and/or inguinal lymph nodes: excludes metastasis to vagina, pelvic serosa, or adnexa). (AJCC 6th ed.)


Oligometastatic Gastric Adenocarcinoma

description: Gastric adenocarcinoma that has metastasized to a limited number of sites.


Stage IB Vulvar Carcinoma AJCC v6

description: Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0.  T1ab Tumor confined to the vulva or vulva and perineum, 2cm or less in greatest dimension, and with stromal invasion greater than 1mm.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


name: Appendix Neuroendocrine Tumor by AJCC v8 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of an appendiceal neuroendocrine tumor, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. This staging system applies to appendiceal NETs (carcinoid tumors) (NET G1 and G2, and rare well-differentiated G3). High-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC), goblet cell carcinoids, mixed adenocarcinomas, and adenocarcinomas of the appendix are not staged using this staging system. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Breast Neuroendocrine Tumor G1

description: A well-differentiated, low grade neuroendocrine neoplasm arising from the breast.


MGMT-Methylated Glioblastoma

description: A glioblastoma characterized by the presence of DNA methylation in the promoter region of the MGMT gene. It is associated with improved survival.


Stage III Skin Cancer

description: Stage III includes: (T3, N0, M0); (T1, N1, M0); (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N1, M0).  T3: Tumor with invasion of maxilla, mandible, orbit, or temporal bone.  T1: Tumor 2 cm or less in greatest dimension with less than two high-risk features.  T2: Tumor size greater than 2 cm in greatest dimension or tumor of any size with two or more high-risk features.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  N1: Metastasis in a single ipsilateral lymph node, 3 cm or less in greatest dimension.  M0: No clinical or radiographic evidence of distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th Ed.)


Mental Retardation, X-linked 21/34

description: An X-linked recessive condition caused by mutation(s) in the IL1RAPL1 gene, encoding interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein-like 1. It is characterized by intellectual disability ranging from moderate mental retardation to high-functioning autism.


name: Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma with a Poorly Differentiated Carcinomatous Component

description: A primary endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium characterized by the presence of a component with poorly differentiated carcinoma cells.


Stage I Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v6

description: Stage I includes: IA: (T1, N0, M0); IB: (T2, N0, M0). T1: Tumor invades lamina propria or muscle layer.  T1a: Tumor invades lamina propria.  T1b: Tumor invades muscle layer.  N0: No regional metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


Stage IV Childhood Large Cell Lymphoma

description: Stage IV: Disseminated (multifocal) involvement of one or more extralymphatic sites with or without associated lymph node involvement or isolated extralymphatic organ involvement with distant (nonregional) nodal involvement. (from PDQ)


name: Recurrent Fallopian Tube Transitional Cell Carcinoma

description: The reemergence of fallopian tube transitional cell carcinoma after a period of remission.


name: Stage IIIB Cervical Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

description: Stage IIIB includes: (T3b, Any N, M0); (T1-3, N1, M0).  T3: Tumor extends to pelvic wall and/or involves lower third of vagina, and/or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney. T3b: Tumor extends to pelvic wall and/or causes hydronephrosis or non-functioning kidney. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Malignant melanoma, regressing

description: A skin lesion characterized by the disappearance of the melanoma cells from the primary melanoma site. The disappearance of the malignant cells is associated with fibroplasia of the papillary dermis. According to some authors, complete regression of the primary melanoma may occur in 4-8% of patients.


Foreign body embolism

description: Occlusion of a lumen by a foreign object.


Lentigo simplex

description: The most common form of the skin disorder lentigo, characterized by a single or multiple benign, pigmented macules of unknown etiology that are present at birth or develop in early childhood.


name: Hodgkin's disease nodular sclerosis stage II subdiaphragmatic


name: Stage 0 Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7

description: Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0.  Tis: Melanoma in situ.  N0: No regional lymph node metastases.  M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst

description: A simple odontogenic cyst lined by ameloblastoma-like epithelium, which contains focal accumulations of ghost cells. (WHO 2017)


Refractory Myeloid Neoplasm

description: A myeloid neoplasm that does not respond to treatment.


Stage IV Bladder Cancer AJCC v6

description: Stage IV includes the following: T4b, N0, M0; Any T, N1, M0; Any T, N2 M0; Any T, N3 M0; Any T, Any N, M1.  T4b: Tumor invades the pelvic wall, abdominal wall.  N1: Metastasis in a single lymph node, 2 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N2: Metastasis in a single lymph node, more than 2 cm but not more than 5 cm in greatest dimension; or multiple lymph nodes, none more than 5 cm in greatest dimension.  N3: Metastasis in a lymph node more than 5 cm in greatest dimension.  M1: Distant metastasis.  (AJCC 6th Ed.)


Intestinal nematode infection

description: An infection in the gastrointestinal tract by a nematode.


Stage IIA Anal Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IIA includes: T2, N0, M0. T2: Tumor larger than 2 cm but equal to or smaller than 5 cm. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Anal Extramucosal (Perianal) Adenocarcinoma

description: An anal adenocarcinoma arising from the lining of an anorectal fistulous tract or the anal glands.  The overlying anal mucosa does not show evidence of neoplastic changes.  It usually presents as a submucosal tumor.


Trichogerminoma

description: A rare subtype of trichoblastoma characterized by the presence of lobules of basaloid cells. The lobules are separated by fibrous stroma. It is associated with the expression of recurrent FOXK1/GRHL and GPS2/GRHL gene fusions.


name: Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3); MLLT3-KMT2A

description: An acute myeloid leukemia with t(9;11)(p21.3;q23.3); MLLT3-KMT2A occurring in children.


name: Stage IV Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Diffuse or disseminated (multifocal) involvement of one or more extra-lymphatic organs with or without associated lymph node involvement or isolated (non-contiguous) extra-lymphatic organ involvement in the absence of adjacent regional lymph node involvement, but in conjunction with disease in distant site(s) or any involvement of liver, bone marrow, lungs (except by direct extension from another site) or CSF. This definition applies to both tiers (tier 1 and 2). (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Locally Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumor

description: A neuroendocrine tumor that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Tracheal Mucositis

description: An inflammatory process affecting the mucous membrane of the trachea.


name: Lugano Classification Stage II Bulky Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

description: Stage II Bulky: Stage II with disease bulk. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Orbital Contusion

description: Bruising of the skin and soft tissue surrounding the eye.


name: Acute Myeloid Leukemia with a Variant MECOM Rearrangement

description: A term referring to acute myeloid leukemias with rearrangement of the MECOM gene with various genes other than the GATA2 gene.


Cystic Periventricular Leukomalacia

description: Necrosis and softening of the white matter around the ventricles in the brain associated with cystic changes.


Hamartoma of Mature Cardiac Myocytes

description: A non-malignant, focal growth in the heart, composed of unencapsulated nodules of enlarged, hypertrophic, mature cardiac myocytes with a variable amount of collagen and fat.


Prosoposchisis

description: A congenital anatomic defect characterised by a facial cleft that extends from the mouth to the orbit of the eye.


name: Advanced Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm

description: A malignant female reproductive system neoplasm that has spread extensively from its original site of growth to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Disorder of soft tissue

description: A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the soft tissue.


name: Malignant Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Diffuse, Lymphocytic, Poorly Differentiated


Recurrent Acute Leukemia

description: The reemergence of acute leukemia after a period of remission.


Locally Advanced Angiosarcoma

description: An angiosarcoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


name: Intracystic papillary neoplasm with low grade intraepithelial neoplasia

description: An intracholecystic papillary neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of the gallbladder. It is characterized by the presence of mild epithelial atypia.


name: Stage I Childhood Malignant Kidney Neoplasm Excluding Renal Cell Carcinoma by Toronto Guidelines v2, Children's Oncology Group (COG) Protocol

description: Tumor is limited to the kidney and completely excised. Renal capsule intact, not penetrated by tumor. No tumor invasion of veins or lymphatics of renal sinus. No nodal or hematogenous metastases. No prior biopsy. Negative margins. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Recurrent Myeloid Neoplasm

description: The reemergence of a myeloid neoplasm after a period of remission.


Pansclerotic Morphea

description: A rare, aggressive form of morphea characterized by sclerosis of the dermis, fascia, and muscle over large parts of the body, resulting in contractures and immobility.


Endocrine Therapy-Induced Alopecia

description: Alopecia caused by treatment with endocrine therapy agents.


name: Transplant-Related Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the skin in a patient with a history of organ transplantation.


name: Radiating Chest Pain Along Right Midclavicular Line

description: The location of the radiating chest pain is along the right midclavicular line.


name: Female Non-Neoplastic Reproductive System Disorder

description: A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the female reproductive system. Representative examples include endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, and endometritis.


Neonatal Late-Onset Sepsis

description: An infectious disorder of newborn infants that is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response beyond 72 hours of life and is most commonly caused by bacteria.


Recurrent Pancreatic Cystadenocarcinoma

description: The reemergence of pancreatic cystadenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


lipoma of bone

description: A benign neoplasm which is composed of adipocytes and arises from the surface of the bone or the medullary cavity.


Extrapulmonary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: A small or large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that arises from an anatomic site other than the lung.


Prostate Myeloid Sarcoma

description: Myeloid sarcoma that affects the prostate gland.  It may present in association with or as a site of relapse of acute myeloid leukemia.  Cases of myeloid sarcoma of the prostate gland preceding acute myeloid leukemia have also been reported.


name: Refractory Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasm

description: Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm that is resistant to treatment.


Non-Neoplastic Sternal Disorder

description: A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the sternum.


Locally Advanced Gastric Carcinoma

description: A gastric carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Vulvar Melanocytic Neoplasm

description: A neoplasm that originates from melanocytes and arises from the vulva. This category includes congenital and acquired melanocytic nevus, blue nevus, dysplastic melanocytic nevus, atypical melanocytic nevus of genital type, and melanoma.


Cocaine dependence, continuous

description: Physical or psychological dependence on the drug cocaine which is associated with a pattern of continuous use.


Recurrent Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma

description: The reemergence of Hodgkin lymphoma in adulthood after a period of remission.


Classical Poroma

description: A poroma characterized by the presence of cords and aggregates of neoplastic cells in the superficial dermis in connection with the epidermis.


Environment-Related Malignant Neoplasm

description: Cancers caused by exposure to carcinogens in the general environment


Incidental Gallbladder Carcinoma

description: Gallbladder carcinoma that is discovered incidental to gallbladder surgery for another indication.


Advanced Esophageal Carcinoma

description: Esophageal carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Stage II Prostate Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage II includes: IIA: (cT1a-c, cT2a, N0, M0, PSA equal or more than 10 and less than 20, Grade Group 1); (cT2b-c, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 1); IIB: T1-2, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 2; IIC: (T1-2, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 3); (T1-2, N0, M0, PSA less than 20, Grade Group 4). cT1a: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is an incidental histologic finding in 5% or less of tissue resected. cT1b: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is an incidental histologic finding in more than 5% of tissue resected. cT1c: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is identified by needle biopsy found in one or both sides, but not palpable. cT2a: Prostate cancer in which the tumor involves one-half of one side or less. cT2b: Prostate cancer in which the tumor involves more than one-half of one side but not both sides. cT2c: Prostate cancer in which the tumor involves both sides. T1: Prostate cancer with clinically inapparent tumor that is not palpable. T2: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is palpable and confined within the prostate. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. Grade Group 1: Gleason Score 6 or less, Gleason Pattern 3 or less+3. Grade Group 2: Gleason Score 7, Gleason Pattern 3+4. Grade Group 3: Gleason Score 7, Gleason Pattern 4+3. Grade Group 4: Gleason Score 8, Gleason Pattern 4+4. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Childhood Retinoblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage, Tier 1

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood retinoblastoma according to the tier 1 Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2.


Childhood Liver Neoplasm

description: A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the liver and occurs during childhood.


Mucosal Nevus

description: A nevus that arises from a mucosal site.


name: Metastatic Bladder Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: Bladder large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread to another anatomical site.


name: Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Other

description: A rare type of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that does not belong in the group of primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, leg type, or the group of primary cutaneous follicle center lymphomas.  It includes subtypes/entities of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (e.g. intravascular large B-cell lymphoma, plasmablastic lymphoma, T-cell/histiocyte rich lymphoma) that can involve the skin as the primary anatomic site.  Such cases, unlike their nodal counterparts, usually have an excellent prognosis.


Metastatic ocular melanoma

description: Ocular melanoma that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Cortical Cataract Grade 4

description: A stage of cortical cataract characterized by greater than 90% of the intrapupillary space obscured by opacity. (Modified LOCS II)


name: Clinical Stage IIA Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IIA includes: T1, N1, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Low Grade Biliary Intraepithelial Neoplasia

description: Biliary intraepithelial neoplasia characterized by the presence of low grade epithelial dysplasia.


Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Tumor G2

description: A well differentiated, intermediate grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the gallbladder. The mitotic count is 2-20 per 10 HPF and/or the Ki67 index is 3 to 20 percent.


name: H-type congenital tracheoesophageal fistula

description: Congenital tracheoesophageal fistula without esophageal atresia.


Testicular Typical Seminoma

description: A testicular seminoma characterized by the presence of uniform round germ cells with glycogen-rich cytoplasm and large nuclei, and a lymphocytic infiltrate.


name: Non-Neoplastic Connective and Soft Tissue Disorder

description: A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the connective and soft tissue.


Peritoneal Pain

description: Painful sensation in the peritoneum.


Neoplasm by Morphology

description: A classification system grouping neoplasms according to their cellular characteristics.


name: Recurrent Platinum-Resistant Fallopian Tube High Grade Serous Adenocarcinoma

description: The reemergence of platinum-resistant fallopian tube high-grade serous adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Short Stature Homeobox Deficiency

description: A rare genetic deficiency characterized by mutations in the SHOX gene and reduced expression or function of the SHOX protein. It results in the disruption of normal bone development and growth starting before birth. It manifests with skeletal abnormalities and short stature.


Bladder cancer stage IV

description: A carcinoma that arises from the bladder and has metastasized to another anatomic site.


name: High Grade Mucinous Carcinoma Peritonei with Signet Ring Cells

description: A high-grade mucinous adenocarcinoma that has spread to the peritoneum and is characterized by the presence of signet ring malignant cells.


Bladder Melanoma

description: A rare melanoma that arises from the bladder mucosa.


Extranodal Lymphoma

description: A non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from an anatomic site other than a lymph node.


Renal Radiation Injury

description: Radiation injury of the kidney.


Non-Neoplastic Bladder Disorder

description: A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the urinary bladder. Representative examples include cystitis, cystolithiasis, and urinary bladder rupture.


Stage IIIB Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIB includes: (T3, N1, M0); (T4, N1, M0). T3: Tumor invades through the muscularis propria into the subserosa or the mesoappendix. T4: Tumor invades the visceral peritoneum, including the acellular mucin or mucinous epithelium involving the serosa of the appendix or mesoappendix, and/or directly invades adjacent organs or structures. N1: One to three regional lymph nodes are positive (tumor in lymph node measuring 0.2 mm or more) or any number of tumor deposits is present, and all identifiable lymph nodes are negative. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Ampulla of Vater Intestinal-Type Adenocarcinoma

description: An invasive adenocarcinoma arising from the ampulla of Vater. Morphologically, it is characterized by the presence of intestinal-type malignant epithelial cells.


name: Refractory T/NK-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder

description: T/NK-cell lymphoproliferative disorder that is resistant to treatment.


Acute Myeloid Leukemia with STAT3-RARA

description: Acute myeloid leukemia with variant RARA rearrangement and expression of STAT3-RARA fusion protein.


Diffuse hyperplasia

description: Hyperplasia characterized by the presence of a diffuse cellular infiltrate.


Chronic Cancer Pain

description: Chronic pain that results from cancer and/or its treatment. The mechanism for chronic cancer pain may be  inflammatory, neuropathic, ischemic, and/or mechanical in nature.


carcinoma of urinary tract

description: A carcinoma that arises from the organs that comprise the urinary tract. This category includes renal pelvis carcinoma, ureter carcinoma, bladder carcinoma, urethral carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, adenocarcinoma of the urinary tract, clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary tract, diverticular carcinoma of the urinary tract, endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the urinary tract, and squamous cell carcinoma of the urinary tract.


Squamous cell carcinoma, microinvasive

description: A squamous cell carcinoma with minimal stromal invasion.


name: Childhood Retinoblastoma by Toronto Guidelines v2 Stage, Tier 2

description: A term that refers to the staging of childhood retinoblastoma according to the tier 2 Toronto childhood cancer staging guidelines v2.


name: Clinical Stage III Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage III includes: (T2, N1, M0); (T3, N0-1, M0); (T4a, N0-1, M0). T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. T3: Tumor invades adventitia. T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IIIA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIA includes: T0-2, N1, M0. T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Autosomal Dominant Disorder

description: An inherited disorder that manifests when one copy of a mutated gene is present.


Enteropathic arthritis

description: A form of chronic arthritis that is found in some patients with inflammatory bowel disease.


Cervical Cancer by FIGO Stage 2018

description: A term that refers to the staging of cervical cancer according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, 2018.


AIDS-Related Malignant Anal Neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm arising from the anus and occurring in HIV-positive patients.  Representative examples include squamous cell carcinoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.  Homosexual HIV-positive men have an increased risk of developing such malignancies in comparison to the general male population.


Refractory Malignant Endocrine Neoplasm

description: Malignant endocrine neoplasm that is resistant to treatment.


Nutritional Rickets

description: Rickets due to dietary deficiency of calcium, phosphate, or vitamin D.


name: Refractory Post-Essential Thrombocythemia Myelofibrosis

description: Post-essential thrombocythemia myelofibrosis that is resistant to treatment.


Adenocarcinoma with metaplasia

description: An adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of metaplasia.


Testis cancer recurrent

description: Malignant testicular germ cell tumor reemerging after a period of remission.


name: Low Grade Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Neoplasia

description: A precancerous neoplastic process that affects the cervical squamous epithelium without evidence of invasion. It is usually associated with human papillomavirus infection. It is characterized by the presence of mild atypia in the superficial epithelial layer that may be associated with koilocytosis. Maturation is present in the upper two thirds of the epithelium. Mitotic figures are not numerous and are present in the basal third of the epithelium.


Cyclitis

description: Inflammation of the ciliary body.


Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia

description: A benign proliferation of the stromal cells in the breast.  It is classified as simple, when associated with the presence of slit-like spaces without erythrocytes and as fascicular/proliferative, when spindle cell proliferation without atypia is present.  It is often seen in breast tissue specimens as small foci associated with benign epithelial lesions.  Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia presenting as a well-circumscribed palpable mass is rare.


Unresectable Malignant Solid Neoplasm

description: A malignant solid neoplasm that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Bladder Neuroendocrine Tumor

description: A well-differentiated neuroendocrine neoplasm arising from the bladder. It is characterized by the presence of uniform cells with stippled chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli. Mitotic activity is low and tumor necrosis is absent.


Stage I Prostate Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage I includes: (cT1a-c, cT2a, N0, M0, PSA less than 10, Grade Group 1); (pT2, N0, M0, PSA less than 10, Grade Group 1). cT1a: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is an incidental histologic finding in 5% or less of tissue resected. cT1b: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is an incidental histologic finding in more than 5% of tissue resected. cT1c: Prostate cancer in which the tumor is identified by needle biopsy found in one or both sides, but not palpable. cT2a: Prostate cancer in which the tumor involves one-half of one side or less. pT2: Prostate cancer which is organ confined. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. Grade Group 1: Gleason Score 6 or less, Gleason Pattern 3 or less+3. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Unresectable Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma

description: Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Recurrent Anaplastic Ependymoma

description: The reemergence of anaplastic ependymoma after a period of remission.


name: Monoclonal Polymorphic Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder


Metastatic Carcinoma in the Pancreas

description: A carcinoma that has spread to the pancreas from another anatomic site.


Refractory Low Grade Astrocytoma

description: Low grade astrocytoma that is resistant to treatment.


name: Stage IV Renal Pelvis and Ureter Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: (T4, N0, M0); (Any T, N1, M0); (Any T, N2, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). T4: Tumor invades adjacent organs, or through the kidney into the perinephric fat. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Metastasis in a single lymph node, 2 cm or less in greatest dimension. N2: Metastasis in a single lymph node, more than 2 cm in greatest dimension; or multiple lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Ampulla of Vater Neuroendocrine Tumor

description: A well differentiated, low, intermediate, or high grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the ampulla of Vater and periampullary region.


Athletic Injuries

description: An injury sustained while practicing or competing in a sport.


name: Posterior Fossa Ependymoma, Not Otherwise Specified

description: A circumscribed ependymoma that arises in the posterior fossa in which molecular analysis for DNA methylation profiling was unsuccessful or not reported.


name: Locally Advanced Prostate Adenocarcinoma

description: A prostatic adenocarcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Metastases to abdominal cavity

description: The spread of a malignant neoplasm from a primary site to an unspecified organ in the abdominal cavity.


Conjunctival Oncocytoma

description: A benign epithelial neoplasm that arises from the conjunctiva. It is characterized by the presence of oncocytic cells with abundant eosinophilic and granular cytoplasm.


Maternal Hemorrhage

description: Uncontrolled bleeding from a pregnant or a woman who has recently given birth.


Advanced Malignant Skin Neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm of the skin that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Pancreatic Alpha Cell Adenoma

description: A benign endocrine neoplasm arising from the alpha cells of the pancreas.  It produces glucagon.


name: Lugano Classification Advanced Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma AJCC v8

description: Advanced stage Hodgkin lymphoma based on the Lugano classification criteria. It includes stages III and IV. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


name: Stage IIA Ampulla of Vater Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IIA includes: T3a, N0, M0. T3a: Tumor directly invading the pancreas (up to 0.5 cm). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Stage IVB Vulvar Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, M1. M1: Distant metastasis (including pelvic lymph node metastasis). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


name: Stage III Lentigo Maligna Melanoma AJCC v7

description: Stage III includes: Any T, N1-3, M0.  Stage III is divided into three pathologic subgroups: IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC.  There are no clinical subgroups for stage III.  N1: Cutaneous melanoma with metastasis in one regional lymph node.  N2: Cutaneous melanoma with metastases in 2-3 regional lymph nodes or in transit met(s)/satellite(s) without metastatic nodes.  N3: Cutaneous melanoma with 4 or more metastatic nodes, or matted nodes, or in transit met(s)/satellite(s) with metastatic node(s).  M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


Reproductive Endocrine Neoplasm

description: A benign or malignant endocrine neoplasm that arises from the testis or the ovary.


Anemia due to Decreased Production

description: Anemia that results from a decreased rate of erythropoiesis.


name: Melanoma Metastatic in the Central Nervous System

description: A melanoma that has spread to the central nervous system from its original site of growth, through the hematogenous route.


Domestic injury

description: Trauma occurring within the confines of the home environment.


name: Extragonadal primary germ cell tumor mixed stage I


Childhood Aneurysmal Bone Cyst

description: An aneurysmal bone cyst that occurs during childhood.


Stage IB Vulvar Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Lesion measuring more than 2 cm, or any size with stromal invasion of more than 1.0 mm, confined to the vulva and/or perineum. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Stage IIA Pancreatic Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IIA includes: T3, N0, M0. T3: Tumor measuring more than 4 cm in greatest dimension. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential

description: A term that refers to the presence of somatic mutations in bone marrow or peripheral blood cells in individuals who may be cytopenic but do not have morphologic evidence of hematologic neoplasia. Its prevalence rises with age and is found in approximately 10% of individuals aged 70 to 80. It is associated with an increased risk of hematologic neoplasia. Mutations in the DNMT3A, TET2, or ASXL1 genes are usually identified. Approximately 10%-40% of individuals with age-related clonal hematopoiesis will progress to meet the diagnostic criteria for clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential.


Refractory Fibrosarcoma

description: Fibrosarcoma that is resistant to treatment.


Metastatic Melanoma in the Skin

description: A melanoma that has spread to the skin from a cutaneous or extracutaneous primary site.


Substance-Induced Anxiety Disorder

description: An anxiety disorder in which the symptoms of anxiety have been determined to be etiologically related to the direct physiological effects of a substance (i.e., a drug of abuse, a medication, or toxin exposure).


name: Hodgkin's disease lymphocyte predominance type recurrent

description: An antiquated term that refers to the reemergence of either nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma or lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma after a period of remission.


name: Clinical Stage I Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Stage IIIC Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIC includes: T3c, N0/N1, M0. T3c: Fallopian tube cancer with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond the pelvis more than 2 cm in greatest dimension with or without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes (includes extension of tumor to capsule of liver and spleen without parenchymal involvement of either organ). N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


Vascular hemorrhagic disorders

description: A hemorrhagic disorder that is caused by pathologic changes in the vasculature.


Pregnancy Mood Swing

description: The fluctuations in the mental and emotional state of an individual during pregnancy.


Peripheral Vascular Insufficiency

description: A condition in which there is inadequate blood flow through the peripheral blood vessels due to intrinsic disease of the vasculature.


name: Amnestic disorders due to a general medical condition

description: A disorder involving memory impairment (either anterograde or retrograde) that is etiologically linked to the direct physiological consequence of a general medical condition. The memory impairment is not the result of a delirium or dementia.


name: Advanced Gastric Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: A gastric small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Subdural Hemorrhage Related to Birth

description: Bleeding within the subdural space occurring during labor and/or delivery.


name: Metastatic Extrapulmonary Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: Extrapulmonary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread to another anatomic site.


name: Pancreatic Mucinous-Cystic Neoplasm, Low Grade

description: A non-invasive mucinous cystic neoplasm that arises from the pancreas and is characterized by the presence of mild dysplasia and absence of mitotic figures.


name: Hereditary coagulation factor deficiency

description: An inherited blood coagulation disorder characterized by deficiency of one of the coagulation factors, resulting in bleeding.


Cytomegalovirus End-Organ Disease

description: Tissue-invasive cytomegalovirus infection, typically seen in solid-organ transplant recipients.


Myelofibrosis due to another disorder

description: Myelofibrosis that develops in patients with a history of hematologic malignancies or toxic injury to the bone marrow.


Neuropathic Pain

description: Chronic pain caused by damage to nerve fibers.  It is usually associated with tissue injury.


Astler-Coller A Colon Carcinoma

description: Stage I includes: (T1, N0, M0) and (T2, N0, M0).  T1: Tumor invades submucosa.  T2: Tumor invades muscularis propria.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


name: Prostate Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Papillary Pattern

description: A prostate ductal adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of a papillary growth pattern.


name: Pathologic Stage 0 Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage 0 includes: Tis, N0, M0, GN/A. Tis: High-grade dysplasia, defined as malignant cells confined to the epithelium by the basement membrane. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. GN/A: Grade non-applicable. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Early Favorable Hodgkin Lymphoma

description: An early Hodgkin lymphoma with favorable prognosis.


name: Non-Neoplastic Chronic Respiratory System Disorder

description: A non-neoplastic longstanding disorder of the respiratory system.


Stage IV Prostate Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IV includes: IVA: Any T, N1, M0, PSA: Any, Grade Group: Any; IVB: Any T, N0, M1, PSA: Any, Grade Group: Any. N0: Prostate cancer with no positive regional nodes. N1: Prostate cancer with metastases in regional node(s). M0: Prostate cancer without evidence of distant metastasis. M1: Prostate cancer with distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Human immunodeficiency virus leukoencephalopathy


Childhood Kidney Disorder

description: A kidney disorder that appears during childhood.


Emotional problems

description: A perceived issue with a person's emotional wellbeing.


name: Postneoadjuvant Therapy Stage IVA Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IVA includes: (T4a, N1-2, M0); (T4a, NX, M0); (T4b, N0-2, M0); (Any T, N3, M0). T4a: Tumor invades the pleura, pericardium, azygos vein, diaphragm, or peritoneum. T4b: Tumor invades other adjacent structures, such as the aorta, vertebral body, or airway. NX: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Tumor with metastasis in one or two regional lymph nodes. N2: Tumor with metastasis in three to six regional lymph nodes. N3: Tumor with metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Clear cell tumor

description: A purely morphologic term that describes a neoplasm in which all or the majority of the neoplastic cells have a clear cytoplasm, when examined under light microscopy, using the conventional staining method (H-E). This term does not provide any information about the nature of the neoplasm (benign or malignant), cell of origin (e.g. epithelial versus mesenchymal versus hematopoietic), or prognosis. Further examination using special stains and/or immunohistochemistry is required to appropriately classify this tumor.


High-CSD Melanoma

description: A cutaneous melanoma that develops on sun-exposed sites with a high degree of cumulative sun damage (CSD).


Recurrent Malignant Endocrine Neoplasm

description: Reemergence of a malignant endocrine neoplasm after a period of remission.


name: Anemia due to disorders of nucleotide metabolism

description: A group of hemolytic anemias that result from either the deficiency or overproduction of several enzymes involved in metabolizing nucleotides.


Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumor

description: A neuroendocrine tumor that has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


name: Adrenal Gland Pheochromocytoma and Sympathetic Paraganglioma by AJCC v8 Stage

description: A term that refers to the staging of adrenal gland pheochromocytoma and sympathetic paraganglioma, following the rules of the TNM AJCC v8 classification system. Parasympathetic paragangliomas are not staged because they are largely benign. This staging system does not apply to neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas (are staged according to the classification for neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas) and carotid body tumors (not staged). (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


Recurrent Retinoblastoma

description: The reemergence of retinoblastoma after a period of remission.


Radiation injury of bone marrow

description: Radiation injury of the hematopoietic system.


Invasive Malignant Neoplasm

description: Cancer that has spread beyond the layer of tissue in which it developed and is growing into surrounding, healthy tissues.


name: Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia with Eosinophilia

description: A chronic myelomonocytic leukemia characterized by a peripheral blood eosinophil count of equal or greater than 1.5x10E9/L, and absence of PDGFRA or PDGFRB gene abnormalities.


name: Advanced Platinum-Resistant Malignant Germ Cell Tumor

description: A platinum-resistant malignant germ cell tumor that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


name: Stage IIIB Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0/N1, M0. T3b: Fallopian tube cancer with macroscopic peritoneal metastasis beyond pelvis 2 cm or less in greatest dimension with or without metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. N1: Positive retroperitoneal lymph nodes only (histologically confirmed). M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th Ed.)


name: Ampulla of Vater Invasive Papillary Adenocarcinoma

description: An invasive adenocarcinoma that arises from an exophytic papillary neoplasm of the ampulla of Vater.


Stage IVC Appendix Carcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IVC includes: Any T, Any N, M1b, Any G.  M1b: Nonperitoneal metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Unresectable Bladder Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: Bladder small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Repeat Expansion Disease

description: A class of genetic diseases that occur when microsatellite repeats expand beyond a threshold length.


name: Anal Adenocarcinoma within Anorectal Fistula

description: An anal adenocarcinoma arising from the lining of an anorectal fistulous tract.  The overlying anal mucosa does not show evidence of neoplastic changes.  Some cases are associated with Crohn disease.


name: idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus

description: A disorder characterized by hydrocephalus in the setting of normal cerebrospinal fluid pressure, gait apraxia, impaired cognition and urinary urgency or incontinence.


Lyme Arthritis

description: Joint inflammation, most often affecting large joints, associated with Lyme disease, presenting months after infection.


Stage IA Cutaneous Melanoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0.  T1a: Cutaneous melanoma with a tumor measuring 1.0 mm or less in thickness, without ulceration and with mitosis less than 1/mm2.  N0: No regional lymph node metastases.  M0: No detectable evidence of distant metastases. (from AJCC 7th Ed.)


name: Stage IA Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

description: Stage IA includes: T1a, N0, M0. T1a: Tumor limited to one tube, without penetrating the serosal surface; no ascites.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Benign Infratentorial Neoplasms

description: A neoplasm that arises from the infratentorial region and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


name: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by Gene Expression Profile

description: Gene expression-based patient cluster groups in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.


Composite paraganglioma

description: A neoplasm that combines morphologic characteristics of paraganglioma and neuroectodermal tumors such as neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuroblastoma, or peripheral nerve sheath tumor.


Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis

description: A recurrent form of cholangitis that is characterized by intrabiliary pigment stone formation, biliary tree stricture and obstruction, and recurrent bouts of cholangitis. There is an association with biliary parasitosis, but evidence supporting these infections in the pathogenesis of recurrent pyogenic cholangitis is inconclusive. The most common causes of death are sepsis, liver failure, or complications from cirrhosis. Patients are also at increased risk of cholangiocarcinoma.


name: Stage II Ampulla of Vater Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage II includes: IIA: T3a, N0, M0; IIB: T3b, N0, M0. T3a: Tumor directly invading the pancreas (up to 0.5 cm). T3b: Tumor extending more than 0.5 cm into the pancreas, or extending into peripancreatic tissue or duodenal serosa without involvement of the celiac axis or superior mesenteric artery. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Bone lesion

description: A localized pathological or traumatic structural change, damage, deformity, or discontinuity of bone.


name: Germinative Follicular Epithelium Neoplasm

description: A neoplasm involving the germinative follicular epithelium.


name: Infectious disease of genitourinary system

description: An acute or chronic infectious process affecting any part of the genitourinary system.


name: Myeloid/Lymphoid Neoplasms with ETV6-ABL1

description: Hematologic neoplasms characterized by t(9;12)(q34.1;p13.2) that results in ETV6-ABL1 gene fusion. They have clinicopathological features of chronic myeloid leukemia with frequent eosinophilia.


Mixed Failure to Thrive

description: Failure to thrive due to both organic and non-organic causes.


name: Childhood Malignant Digestive System Neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm that affects any part of the digestive system and occurs during childhood.


name: Stage IV Lentigo Maligna Melanoma AJCC v6 and v7

description: Stage IV includes: (Any T, Any N, M1).  M1: Distant metastasis. (from AJCC 6th and 7th Eds.)


Pediatric Infectious Disorder

description: An infectious disorder that occurs during infancy, childhood, or adolescence.


Hypothalamic Cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the hypothalamus.


Hypergranular promyelocytic leukemia

description: Acute Promyelocytic leukemia characterized by the presence of hypergranular promyelocytes and characteristic cells that contain bundles of Auer rods.


name: Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma, Lymphoblastic (WF)


Stage IVB Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IVB includes: (Any T, N2, M0); (Any T, Any N, M1). N2: Metastases to four or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Locally Advanced Bladder Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: A bladder small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


name: Primary cutaneous CD30 antigen positive T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder

description: A spectrum of lymphoproliferative disorders characterized by CD30 (Ki-1)-positive cutaneous T-cell infiltrates. The two ends of the spectrum include lymphomatoid papulosis and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma.


Dyspnea with Moderate Physical Activity

description: Dyspnea experienced during moderate exertion.


name: Localized Childhood Undifferentiated High Grade Pleomorphic Sarcoma of Bone

description: An undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma of bone that occurs in childhood and has not spread to other anatomic sites.


name: Locally Advanced Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

description: A pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma that has spread from its original site of growth to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.


Unresectable Oligodendroglioma

description: An oligodendroglioma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Stage IA Childhood Hodgkin Lymphoma by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Involvement of a single lymph node region or involvement of a single extra-lymphatic organ or site, without lymph node involvement. No constitutional symptoms are recorded. This definition applies to both tiers (tier 1 and 2). (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


name: Yolk Sac Tumor with Somatic-Type Malignancy

description: A yolk sac tumor that is characterized by morphologic transformation to somatic-type malignancy. The somatic-type malignant component most often is sarcomatous or carcinomatous.


name: Clear Cell Tumor with Melanocytic Differentiation and MITF-CREM Translocation

description: A MITF pathway-activated melanocytic tumor characterized by a cytogenetic translocation between MITF and CREM genes that results in MITF-CREM gene fusion. It presents as a single non-pigmented cutaneous nodule in the distal extremities. It is composed of large cells with clear cytoplasm that exhibit melanocytic differentiation and proliferate in the dermis without an intraepidermal component. Extension in the subcutaneous tissue is frequently seen. The neoplastic cells exhibit atypical features, including nuclear enlargement and hyperchromasia, irregular nuclear borders, and enlarged nucleolus. Mitotic activity is prominent. The biologic potential of this tumor is unknown.


Intraepithelial Melanocytic Hyperplasia

description: A hyperplasia of the intraepithelial melanocytes.


name: FIGO Stage IVC Gestational Trophoblastic Tumor


Childhood Gastric Carcinoma

description: A rare carcinoma of the stomach that occurs during childhood.


Stage IV Gallbladder Cancer AJCC v6

description: Stage IV includes: (Any T, Any N, M1).  M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th ed.)


name: Stage y-I Childhood Malignant Kidney Neoplasm Excluding Renal Cell Carcinoma by Toronto Guidelines v2, International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) Protocol

description: Tumor limited to kidney and completely resected. Renal capsule may be infiltrated by tumor, but tumor does not reach the outer surface. Tumor may protrude or bulge into the pelvic system or ureter but does not infiltrate. Vessel of renal sinus not involved. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Native valve endocarditis

description: Endocarditis affecting a native valve of the heart.


Benign germ cell neoplasm

description: A germ cell tumor without evidence of atypia and metastatic potential.


Pleural Infection

description: An infectious process affecting the pleura.


Stage II Uterine Corpus Cancer

description: Stage II includes: T2, N0, M0.  T2: Tumor invades stromal connective tissue of the cervix but does not extend beyond uterus.  Endocervical glandular involvement only should be considered as Stage I and not as Stage II.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis.  This staging applies to carcinomas and carcinosarcomas. (AJCC 7th ed.)


Esophageal Hodgkin Lymphoma

description: A very rare Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the esophagus.


Refractory Vaginal Carcinoma

description: Vaginal carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


Verumontanum Mucosal Gland Hyperplasia

description: A benign microacinar proliferation occurring exclusively in the verumontanum and adjacent posterior urethra where the ejaculatory ducts and utricle empty into the urethra. Crystalloids and intraluminal mucin are usually absent, but; intraluminal corpora amylacea are often present. The lining epithelium typically consists of bland cuboidal to columnar luminal cells with underlying basal cells.


name: Unresectable Fallopian Tube Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

description: Fallopian tube endometrioid adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Acute Myeloid Leukemia with t(1;17)(q42.3;q21.2); IRF2BP2-RARA

description: Acute myeloid leukemia with variant RARA rearrangement associated with t(1;17)(q42.3;q21.2) resulting in IRF2BP2-RARA fusion protein expression.


name: Recurrent Adult Diffuse Large Cell Lymphoma

description: The reemergence of adult diffuse large cell lymphoma after a period of remission.


Benign Anal Granular Cell Tumor

description: A granular cell tumor that arises from the anus and is characterized by the absence of atypical or malignant cytological and architectural features, and absence of invasive features or metastatic potential.


Acquired Facial Nerve Palsy

description: A condition characterized by reduced or absent movement of the ipsilateral face as a consequence of an injury to the seventh cranial nerve that has occurred after birth.


Unresectable Fibrosarcoma

description: A fibrosarcoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: Beta Thalassemia Plus Structural Variants

description: A heterozygous state in which a person has a mutation in a beta globin allele causing beta thalassemia, together with other structural variants in the other allele.


Esthesioneurocytoma

description: A rare benign neuroectodermal tumor originating from olfactory receptor cells in the nasal cavity. Microscopically, it is characterized by the absence of malignant characteristics and the absence of rosettes formation.


Recurrent Primary Amyloidosis

description: The reemergence of primary amyloidosis after a period of remission.


Metastatic urothelial carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the urothelium and has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


Metastatic transitional cell carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from transitional cells and has spread from its original site of growth to another anatomic site.


name: Localized Childhood Malignant Bone Neoplasm by Toronto Guidelines v2

description: Tumor confined to the area of origin including the regional lymph nodes. (Childhood cancer staging for population registries according to the Toronto Childhood Cancer Stage Guidelines - Version 2. Cancer Council Queensland and Cancer Australia: Brisbane, Australia; 2021.)


Non-Neoplastic Peritoneal Disorder

description: A non-neoplastic disorder that affects the peritoneum. Representative examples include peritonitis and panniculitis.


Inherited neuropathies

description: A hereditary disorder that affects the sensory and/or motor nerves or the autonomic nerves.


Adrenal hemorrhage

description: Hemorrhage and necrosis of the adrenal gland tissue. Bilateral and extensive hemorrhage may lead to acute adrenal insufficiency, shock, and death.


name: Intracranial Laceration Related to Birth

description: Tearing of the cerebral or cerebellar parenchyma or vessels of a newborn infant due to forces occurring during labor and delivery.


name: Pathologic Stage IIIA Merkel Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIA includes: (T1-4, N1a(sn) or N1a, M0); (T0, N1b, M0). T0: No evidence of primary tumor. T1: Maximum clinical tumor diameter equal to or less than 2 cm. T2: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 2 cm but equal to or less than 5 cm. T3: Maximum clinical tumor diameter more than 5 cm. T4: Primary tumor invades fascia, muscle, cartilage, or bone. N1a(sn): Clinically occult regional lymph node metastasis identified only by sentinel lymph node biopsy. N1a: Clinically occult regional lymph node metastasis following lymph node dissection. N1b: Clinically and/or radiologically detected regional lymph node metastasis, microscopically confirmed. M0: No distant metastasis detected on clinical and/or radiologic examination. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Esophageal Neuroendocrine Tumor G3

description: A well differentiated, high grade neoplasm with neuroendocrine differentiation that arises from the esophagus. The Ki-67 index is higher than 20%.


Advanced Malignant Germ Cell Tumor

description: A malignant germ cell tumor that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


Unresectable Endometrial Carcinoma

description: Endometrial carcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


name: intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm of pancreas with moderate dysplasia

description: A non-invasive pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic epithelial cells that exhibit nuclear stratification, loss of polarity, and crowding.  There is moderate nuclear hyperchromasia.


Aplastic anemia due to infection

description: Aplastic anemia caused by an infection.


name: Schizoaffective disorder, depressive type

description: Schizoaffective disorder with episodes of depression only.


name: Esophageal High Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia

description: A lesion in which the architectural and cytologic abnormalities involve both the lower and the upper half of the esophageal mucosa.  It includes lesions termed moderate dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ (severe dysplasia).  (WHO, 2000)


name: Advanced Primary Malignant Brain Neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm that arises from the brain and has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


name: Stage IIIB Fallopian Tube Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IIIB includes: T3b, N0, M0.  T3b: Macroscopic peritoneal metastasis outside the pelvis 2 cm or less in greatest dimension.  N0: No regional lymph node metastasis.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


name: Pathologic Stage I Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v8

description: Stage I includes: IA: (T1a, N0, M0, G1); (T1a, N0, M0, GX); IB: (T1a, N0, M0, G2); (T1b, N0, M0, G1-2); (T1b, N0, M0, GX); IC: (T1, N0, M0, G3); (T2, N0, M0, G1-2). T1a: Tumor invades the lamina propria or muscularis mucosae. T1b: Tumor invades the submucosa. T1: Tumor invades the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, or submucosa. T2: Tumor invades the muscularis propria. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. G1: Well-differentiated. GX: Grade cannot be assessed. G2: Moderately differentiated. G3: Poorly differentiated, undifferentiated. (AJCC 8th ed.)


Neoplasm by Special Category

description: A neoplasm defined by its unique characteristic as they apply to clinical presentation and course, morphologic patterns, frequency, and/or age distribution.


Localized Gastric Carcinoma

description: A carcinoma that arises from the stomach and has not spread to other anatomic sites.


Uterine Ligament Wolffian Tumor

description: An epithelial neoplasm of Wolffian (mesonephric) origin arising from a uterine ligament. Most tumors behave in a benign fashion.


Retrobulbar Hemorrhage

description: Bleeding in the orbital cavity that results in compression of orbital structures, resulting in ischemia of the optic nerve, and possible loss of vision.


Transient Hyperinsulinism

description: Hyperinsulinism that resolves spontaneously. This is the most common cause of neonatal hypoglycemia.


Recurrent Malignant Solid Neoplasm

description: A malignant solid neoplasm that has recurred after a period of remission.


Chronic Decubitus

description: A longstanding lesion caused by death of tissue due to external pressure.


Sinusoidal hemangioma

description: A rare hemangioma occurring mainly in middle-aged adults. The most common location is in the trunk. The lesions are small, asymptomatic, and bluish. They are composed of irregular, dilated, congested thin-walled vascular channels with scant smooth muscle in a sinusoidal or sieve-like pattern. (WHO 2018)


Stage IB Cervical Cancer AJCC v9

description: Stage IB includes: T1b, N0, M0. T1b: Tumor with measured deepest invasion more than 5 mm (greater than FIGO stage IA); lesion limited to the cervix uteri with size measured by maximum tumor diameter. Note: The involvement of vascular/lymphatic spaces should not change the staging. The lateral extent of the lesion is no longer considered. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 9th Ed.)


Verruca Plana

description: A wart characterized by the presence of flat-topped cutaneous papules. It is caused by human papillomavirus. It most commonly affects children and usually arises on the face, hands, and shins.


Macular Rash

description: An outbreak of small, flat, red spots on the skin.


name: Stage IVB Cervical Cancer AJCC v6 and v7

description: Stage IVB includes: Any T, Any N, MI. M1: Distant metastasis. (AJCC 6th and 7th eds.)


Stage IIIC Gastric Cancer AJCC v7

description: Stage IIIC includes: (T4b, N2, M0); (T4b, N3, M0); (T4a, N3, M0).  T4a: Tumor invades serosa (visceral peritoneum).  T4b: Tumor invades adjacent structures. N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  N3: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Killing Pain

description: A sensation of extreme discomfort and anguish that is perceived as severe enough to cause one's death.


name: Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

description: An adenocarcinoma that arises from the exocrine pancreatic ducts and has metastasized to other anatomic sites.


Bilateral cataracts (disorder)

description: Partial or complete opacity of the crystalline lens of both eyes that decreases visual acuity and eventually results in blindness. Some cataracts appear in infancy or in childhood, but most develop in older individuals. (Sternberg Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 3rd ed.)


name: Hematologic Malignancy-Associated Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma

description: A squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the skin in a patient with a history of hematologic malignancy, usually non-Hodgkin lymphoma or chronic lymphocytic leukemia.


name: Metastatic Carcinoma to the Uterine Cervix

description: A carcinoma that has spread to the cervix from another anatomic site.


description: A high grade poorly differentiated carcinoma arising from the digestive system.  It is composed of small or large neoplastic cells that express immunohistochemical evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation.  There is marked nuclear atypia, necrosis, and more than 20 mitoses per 10 HPF.


Nevus of Female Genitalia

description: A nevus that arises from the female genital organs. This category includes congenital nevus, acquired nevus, dysplastic nevus, blue nevus, and atypical melanocytic nevus of the genital type.


Pseudoporphyria

description: A drug-induced photodermatosis characterized by skin fragility, erythema, and the appearance of tense bullae, erosions and scarring in the absence of abnormalities in porphyrin metabolism.


name: Acute Myocardial Injury with Type I Myocardial Infarction Related to COVID-19

description: Acute myocardial injury with clinical presentation suggestive of type I myocardial infarction with detection of a rise or fall of cardiac troponin values with at least one value above the 99th percentile upper reference limit and with at least 1 of the following: 1. Symptoms of acute myocardial ischemia; 2. New ischemic ECG changes; 3. Development of pathological Q waves; 4. Imaging evidence of new loss of viable myocardium or new regional wall motion abnormality in a pattern consistent with an ischemic etiology; 5. Identification of a coronary thrombus by angiography including intracoronary imaging or by autopsy, occurring in a patient with probable or confirmed acute COVID-19.


description: Intraepithelial neoplasia of the penis or vulva. It usually presents as a solitary white or pink macule or plaque that may be slightly elevated. A background of long-standing lichen sclerosus is often present.


Oral Pain

description: Painful sensation in the mouth, tongue, or lips.


Ectromelia

description: A congenital defect characterized by the absence or hypoplasia of one or more extremities.


name: Stage IIIC1 Uterine Corpus Cancer AJCC v8

description: Stage IIIC1 includes: T1-T3, N1/N1mi/N1a, M0. T1: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor confined to the corpus uteri, including endocervical glandular involvement. T2: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor invading the stromal connective tissue of the cervix but not extending beyond the uterus. Does not include endocervical glandular involvement. T3: Uterine corpus carcinoma or carcinosarcoma with tumor involving serosa, adnexa, vagina, or parametrium. N1: Regional lymph node metastasis to pelvic lymph nodes. N1mi: Regional lymph node metastasis (greater than 0.2 mm but nor greater than 2.0 mm in diameter) to pelvic lymph nodes. N1a: Regional lymph node metastasis (greater than 2.0 mm in diameter) to pelvic lymph nodes. M0: No distant metastasis. (from AJCC 8th Ed.)


name: Refractory Malignant Neoplasm of Multiple Primary Sites

description: Malignant neoplasm of multiple primary sites that is resistant to treatment.


Urethral Melanoma

description: A rare melanoma that arises from the urethral mucosa.


name: Refractory Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis

description: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis that is resistant to treatment.


Skin Nodulocystic Basal Cell Carcinoma

description: A nodular basal cell carcinoma composed of solid and cystic areas.


Thoracotomy Scar

description: Replacement of destroyed tissue by fibrous tissue due to a surgical procedure where an incision was made into the chest wall to the left or to the right of the midline.


P2 Hydronephrosis

description: Postnatal Hydronephrosis with the following clinical findings: 1) APRPD is greater than or equal to 15 mm, 2) the calyces may be dilated centrally and peripherally, 3) or a dilated ureter is visible, 4) the parenchymal thickness and appearance is normal, and 5) the bladder is normal. Cases in which there is peripheral calyceal dilation but the APRPD is less than 15 mm are classified as UTD P2. (Adapted from: Hiep T. Nguyen, Carol B. Benson, Bryann Bromley, Jeffrey B. Campbell, Jeanne Chow, Beverly Coleman, Christopher Cooper, Jude Crino, Kassa Darge, C.D. Anthony Herndon, Anthony O. Odibo, Michael J.G. Somers, Deborah R. Stein; Multidisciplinary consensus on the classification of prenatal and postnatal urinary tract dilation (UTD classification system); Pediatric Urology; December 2014 Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 982-998)


name: Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia-Like Adenocarcinoma

description: A rare subtype of prostate acinar adenocarcinoma that morphologically resembles high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. It is characterized by the presence of large malignant glands lined with pseudostratified epithelium. It is graded as Gleason score 3+3=6.


name: Resectable Malignant Female Reproductive System Neoplasm

description: A malignant female reproductive system neoplasm that is amenable to surgical resection.


name: Stage I Gastric Neuroendocrine Tumor AJCC v8

description: Stage I includes: T1, N0, M0. T1: Tumor invading the lamina propria or submucosa and is less than or equal to 1 cm in size. N0: No regional lymph node metastasis. M0: No distant metastasis. (AJCC 8th ed.)


name: Cervical Mesonephric Remnants and Hyperplasia

description: The presence of embryonic remnants of mesonephric ducts in the cervix and their benign hyperplastic proliferations.


Glucagonoma, malignant

description: A glucagon-producing neuroendocrine tumor arising from the alpha cells of the pancreas.  It may be associated with necrolytic erythema migrans, diarrhea, diabetes, glossitis, weight loss, malabsorption, and anemia.  It displays vascular invasion and metastasizes to other anatomic sites.


name: Benign Osteoclastic Giant Cell-Rich Tumor of Bone

description: A giant cell tumor that arises from the bone and is characterized by the absence of local aggression and lack of metastatic potential.


Neonatal rickets

description: Rickets that usually affects premature infants. Factors that contribute to the development of neonatal rickets include calcium, phosphorus, or calciferol deficiency. It manifests with spontaneous fractures, respiratory distress, and growth developmental delays.


name: Unresectable Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

description: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that is not amenable to surgical resection.


Recurrent Acute Myeloid Leukemia

description: The reemergence of acute myeloid leukemia after a period of remission.


Host Tissue Response To Foreign Body

description: Growth of tissue in or around a foreign body as the body's antibody response to the foreign body.


Recurrent Plasma Cell Neoplasm

description: The reemergence of a plasma cell neoplasm after a period of remission.


Prostate Paraganglioma

description: A paraganglioma that affects the prostate gland.


name: Adenoma of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium

description: A benign neoplasm that arises from the retinal pigment epithelium. It consists of cords and tubules of variably pigmented proliferating retinal pigment epithelium cells, separated by fibrous stroma. Malignant transformation is rare. (WHO 2018)


Neonatal Herpes Simplex Infection

description: Infection in the first month of life caused by the Herpes simplex virus.


name: Low Grade Endometrial Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma

description: Endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma exhibiting 50% or less solid non-glandular, non-squamous growth.


Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase

description: A phase of chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive in which the peripheral blood smear shows leukocytosis with neutrophils in different stages of maturation, less than 2% blasts, and normal or increased platelet count. Most patients have mild anemia. The bone marrow is hypercellular due to increased numbers of neutrophils and their precursors, and blasts usually account for fewer than 5% of the marrow cells. Megakaryocytes are smaller than normal and have hypolobated nuclei. The spleen is enlarged due to infiltration of the cords of the red pulp by granulocytes.


Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the bladder

description: A malignant, high grade neuroendocrine neoplasm that arises from the bladder. This category includes small cell and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.


Drug Resistant Epilepsy

description: Epilepsy that is refractory to treatment.


name: Stage IIIC Esophageal Adenocarcinoma AJCC v7

description: Stage IIIC includes: (T4a, N1-2, M0, Any G); (T4b, Any N, M0, Any G); (Any T, N3, M0, Any G).  T4a: Resectable tumor invading pleura, pericardium, or diaphragm. T4b: Unresectable tumor invading other adjacent structures, such as aorta, vertebral body, trachea, etc.  N1: Metastasis in 1-2 regional lymph nodes.  N2: Metastasis in 3-6 regional lymph nodes.  N3: Metastasis in seven or more regional lymph nodes.  M0: No distant metastasis.  (AJCC 7th ed.)


Recurrent WHO Grade 3 Glioma

description: The reemergence of a WHO grade III glioma after a period of remission.


Advanced Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

description: Adenoid cystic carcinoma that has spread extensively to other anatomic sites or is no longer responding to treatment.


name: Lacrimal Drainage System Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma

description: A rare nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the lacrimal sac or nasolacrimal duct. It is characterized by the presence of large cells with vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli, a syncytial growth pattern, and a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate.


Thrombosis of abdominal aorta

description: Formation of blood clot in the lumen of the abdominal aorta. It may lead to severe abdominal pain and ischemic necrosis of the intestine.


Stage IIIA Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018

description: Cervical carcinoma that involves the lower third of the vagina, with no extension to the pelvic wall. (FIGO 2018)


Acquired factor IX deficiency disease

description: An acquired coagulation disorder characterized by the partial or complete absence of factor IX activity in the blood.


name: Refractory Fallopian Tube Adenocarcinoma

description: Fallopian tube adenocarcinoma that is resistant to treatment.


name: Recurrent Pineal Parenchymal Cell Neoplasm

description: The reemergence of pineal parenchymal cell neoplasm after a period of remission.


Broad Ligament Serous Cystadenofibroma

description: A rare serous cystadenofibroma arising from the broad ligament.


FNCLCC Sarcoma Grade 3

description: A sarcoma with a total score of 6 or higher according to the FNCLCC guidelines.


Plexiform Spindle Cell Melanocytoma

description: A subtype of WNT-activated deep penetrating/plexiform melanocytoma (nevus). It is characterized by the proliferation of neoplastic melanocytes in the upper dermis, forming a plexiform pattern.


name: Male Reproductive System Precancerous Condition

description: A premalignant pathologic process arising from an organ of the male reproductive system.  It is characterized by cellular atypia and/or dysplasia but does not show morphologic evidence of stromal invasion at the time of diagnosis.  Representative examples include prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, giant condyloma acuminatum of the penis, and penile intraepithelial neoplasia.


name: Unresectable Ampulla of Vater Adenocarcinoma

description: Adenocarcinoma that arises from the ampulla of Vater and is not amenable to surgical resection.


Metastatic Bone Sarcoma

description: Bone sarcoma that has spread from the original site of growth to another anatomic site.


name: Hyperplasia of Brunner glands of duodenum

description: A rare hyperplastic lesion of Brunner's gland in the duodenum. Although it is usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, it may cause hemorrhage.


name: Stage IVA Oral Cavity Verrucous Carcinoma


name: B-Cell Proliferation of Uncertain Malignant Potential

description: A B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with uncertain malignant potential. The representative example of this category is lymphomatoid granulomatosis.


Refractory Vulvar Carcinoma

description: Vulvar carcinoma that does not respond to treatment.


Non-Neoplastic Musculoskeletal Disorder

description: A non-neoplastic disorder that affects muscles and bones.


lymphomatoid papulosis, type C

description: A variant of lymphomatoid papulosis characterized clinically by regressing skin papules, and morphologically by features resembling anaplastic large cell lymphoma.


description: Ovarian or testicular dysfunction associated with high levels of gonadotropins, that is present at birth.


name: Chronic Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Philadelphia Chromosome Positive, BCR-ABL1 Positive

description: A phase of chronic myeloid leukemia, Philadelphia chromosome positive, BCR-ABL1 positive in which the peripheral blood smear shows leukocytosis with neutrophils in different stages of maturation, less than 2% blasts, and normal or increased platelet count. Most patients have mild anemia. The bone marrow is hypercellular due to increased numbers of neutrophils and their precursors, and blasts usually account for fewer than 5% of the marrow cells. Megakaryocytes are smaller than normal and have hypolobated nuclei. The spleen is enlarged due to infiltration of the cords of the red pulp by granulocytes.


name: Recurrent Ampulla of Vater Adenocarcinoma

description: The reemergence of ampulla of Vater adenocarcinoma after a period of remission.


Maternal Weight Gain in Pregnancy

description: The last recorded maternal weight prior to birth minus the last recorded weight immediately prior to pregnancy. (reVITALize)


Congenital Cystic Hygroma

description: A congenital lymphatic malformation usually arising from the neck and characterized by cystic dilation of the lymphatic vessels.


Adenocarcinoma endometrial metastatic

description: An adenocarcinoma which originated in the endometrium and has spread to another anatomic site.