A mannooligosaccharide derivative consisting of a D-mannosyl residue beta-linked to a 5-aminopentyl group and which carries an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl unit linked (1->3) and an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-alpha-D-mannosyl unit linked (1->6).


A high-mannose oligosaccharide that is alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc in which the terminal (1->3)- and (1->6)-attached mannosyl groups have been gylcosylated at positions 2 and 3 respectively by 2-O-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl groups.


An amino tetrasaccharide consisting of alpha-D-mannosyl, D-mannosyl, 2-acetamido-beta-D-glucosyl and 2-acetamido-D-glucosyl residues joined in sequence by (1->6), (1->4), and (1->4) glycosidic bonds.


A mannooligosaccharide derivative consisting of a D-mannosyl residue beta-linked to a 5-aminopentyl group and which carries an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl unit linked (1->3) and an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-alpha-D-mannosyl unit linked (1->6).


A high mannose oligosaccharide consisting of three alpha-D-mannopyranose residues, a beta-D-mannopyranose residue, a 2-acetamido-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue and a 2-acetamido-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl residues joined in sequence by (1->2), (1->2), (1->3), (1->4), and (1->4) glycosidic linkages, and in which the second mannosyl group from the chitobiose moiety is substituted at position 6 by a alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-(1->6)-[alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-(1->3)]-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl group.


GlyTouCan G14548ZL

An amino decasaccharide that is alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc which contains an additional D-mannospyranose unit attached by an (alpha-1->2) glycosidic bond. In the structure shown, one of the five R atoms represents the alpha-1->2 attached mannosyl group; the remaining four R atoms are hydrogens.


A mannooligosaccharide derivative consisting of a D-mannosyl residue alpha-linked to a 5-aminopentyl group and which carries an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl unit linked (1->3) and an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-alpha-D-mannosyl unit linked (1->6).


high-mannose oligosaccharide

Any oligosaccharide derivative which typically contains unsubstituted terminal mannose sugars with between five and nine mannose residues attached to the chitobiose [(GlcNAc)2] core.


A branched amino hexasaccharide compound consisting of the linear trisaccharide beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine in which the mannosyl residue has a beta-D-xylosyl residue attached at position 2 as well as two alpha-D-mannosyl residues at positions 3 and 6.


A branched amino hexasaccharide compound consisting of a GlcNAc residue at the reducing end with a Man-alpha(1->3)-[Man-alpha(1->6)]-Man-beta(1->4)-GlcNAc moiety attached via a beta-(1->4)-linkage and a Fuc residue attached via an alpha-(1->3)-linkage.


An alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc in which the dimannopyranosyl group is attached to the diacetylchitobiose moiety by beta-(1->4) glycosidic bond.


alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc in which the anomeric configuration at the reducing-end GlcNAc residue is beta.


A high-mannose oligosaccharide consisting of alpha-D-Glcp-(1->3)-alpha-D-Glcp-(1->3)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc.


An amino tetrasaccharide that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucitol which has been glycosylated at position 4 by a beta-D-mannopyranosyl group, which in turn has been glycosylated at positions 3 and 6 by alpha-D-mannopyranosyl groups.


A mannooligosaccharide derivative consisting of a D-mannosyl residue beta-linked to a 5-aminopentyl group and which carries an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl unit linked (1->3) and an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-mannosyl unit linked (1->6).


triacetic acid

A dioxo monocarboxylic acid comprising hexanoic acid with the two oxo groups placed at the 3- and 5-positions.


6-hydroxynicotinic acid

A monohydroxypyridine that is the 6-hydroxy derivative of nicotinic acid.


A fucosyl oligoglycosylceramide where the oligosaccharide component is made up from four galactose, one galactosamine, three glucosamine, one glucose and one fucose residue.


GlyTouCan G40608DF

A polysaccharide that is alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[beta-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc in which one hydroxy group in each of the terminal mannose moieties has been converted into the corresponding Neu5Gc-(1->?)-?-D-Gal-(1->?)-?-D-GlcNAc-(1->?)- glycoside. For the structure shown, one of the R1 atoms and one of the R2 atoms represents a Neu5Gc-(1->?)-?-D-Gal-(1->?)-?-D-GlcNAc-(1->?)- group; the remaining R1 and R2 atoms are hydrogens.


name: Pentanedioic acid 2-(1-methylethylidene)-5-methyl ester


name: 2-[[2-[(1-cyclohexyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]-1-oxoethyl]amino]benzoic acid methyl ester


(7R)-7-hydroxyoctanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is octanoic acid in which the 7-pro-R hydrogen has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid

A 2,4-diaminobutyric acid that has S-configuration.


calotropone

A 20-oxo steroid that is 17alpha-pregn-5-en-20-one substituted by a benzoyloxy group at position 12 and hydroxy groups at positions 3, 14 and 17 (the 3beta,12beta,14beta stereoisomer). It is isolated from the roots of Calotropis gigantea and displays inhibitory effects towards chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 and human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell lines.


purpurosamine C

A tetradeoxyhexose carrying amino substituents at positions 2 and 6 and deoxygenated at positions 2, 3, 4 and 6.


A cinnamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the 1-hydroxy group of beta-D-glucopyranose with the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid.


A biphenyl that has four hydroxy groups attached to the benzenoid ring system (position 2,2',3 and 3'); majos species at pH 7.3


A polymer composed of repeating 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]acetyl units.


name: primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite

description: A member of the class of  bilenes that is red chlorophyll catabolite in which a methylene group is introduced at position 1 via the reduction of a double bond. It is an intermediate of chlorophyll breakdown in plants.


name: (1S)-primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite

description: Published in: Muhlecker W, Krautler, B, Moser D, Matile P and Hortensteiner S (2000) Breakdown of Chlorophyll: A Fluorescent Chlorophyll Catabolite from Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum). Helv. Chem. Acta. 83(1):278-286. There is a DOI but it includes characters I cannot enter


dinoflagellate luciferin

A member of the class of bilenes that is 1,2,3,21-tetrahydro-5,7-ethanobilene-a-19(16H),5(2)-dione which is substituted at positions 2, 8, 13 and 18 by methyl groups and at positions 1, 3, 12 and 17 by carboxy, 2-carboxyethyl, ethyl and vinyl groups, respectively (the 1S,2S,3S diastereoisomer).


name: (1R)-primary fluorescent chlorophyll catabolite

description: Published in: Muhlecker W, Krautler, B, Moser D, Matile P and Hortensteiner S (2000) Breakdown of Chlorophyll: A Fluorescent Chlorophyll Catabolite from Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum). Helv. Chem. Acta. 83(1):278-286.


oxidized dinoflagellate luciferin

A member of the class of bilenes that is 1,2,3,21-tetrahydro-5,7-ethanobilene-a-19(16H),5(1),5(2)-trione which is substituted at positions 2, 8, 13 and 18 by methyl groups and at positions 1, 3, 12 and 17 by carboxy, 2-carboxyethyl, ethyl and vinyl groups, respectively (the 1S,2S,3S diastereoisomer).


A urobilin that consists of 3,18-diethyl-2,7,13,17-tetramethyl-1,4,5,15,16,19,22,24-octahydro-21H-biline-8,12-dipropanoic acid bearing two oxo substituents at positions 1 and 19 (the 4S,10Z,16R-iseomer).


BPC

bismuth potassium citrate


diethyl phosphonate

A phosphonic ester that is the diethyl ester of phosphonic acid.


(S)-fotemustine

A diethyl (1-{[(2-chloroethyl)(nitroso)carbamoyl]amino}ethyl)phosphonate that has S configuration.


A ribose triphosphate that is alpha-D-ribose having a triphosphate group at position 5 as well as a methylphosphonate group at position 1.


PHOSPHONOACETOHYDROXAMATE

The hydroxamate of phosphonoacetic acid.


(R)-fotemustine

A diethyl (1-{[(2-chloroethyl)(nitroso)carbamoyl]amino}ethyl)phosphonate that has R configuration.


phosphonic ester

A phosphonic acid derivative in which one or both OH groups have been esterified.


1-carboxyvinyl carboxyphosphonate

An organic phosphonate having O-1-carboxyvinyl and C-carboxy substituents.


alkylphosphonate

An organic phosphonate containing a C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2  group (where R = alkyl group).


metrifonate

A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group.


An N-[4-(4-nitrophenylphospho)butanoyl]alanine that has R at the chiral carbon.


An N-acylglycine whose structure comprises a glycine core carrying an N-(4-{hydroxy[(4-nitrobenzyl)oxy]phosphoryl}butanoyl) substituent.


phenyl hydrogen phosphonate

An aryl phosphate resulting from the formal condensation of phosphonic acid with 1 mol eq. of phenol


name: hydroxy-2-naphthalenyl-methyl phosphonic acid trisacetoxymethylester

description: An organic phosphonate that is the trisacetoxymethylester derivative of naphthalene substituted  hydroxymethylphosphonic acid. It has been found to inhibit insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity and insulin stimulated glucose oxidation.


An optically active monocarboxylic acid also having amide and phosphonate functional groups.


ceramide phosphonoethanolamine

Any of a class of phosphosphingolipids in which the amino group of a sphingoid base is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxy group of the sphingoid base is esterified to (2-aminoethyl)phosphonic acid.


aminophosphonate

An organic phosphonate of formula (RO)2P(=O)-CR2-NR2; R can be H.


The tetraethyl ester of [[(3-hydroxypyridin-2-yl)amino]methylene]bisphosphonic acid


4-nitrobenzyl hydrogen ethylphosphonate

A C-nitro compound that is ethylphosphonic acid esterified with (4-nitrophenyl)methanol; a phosphonate transition state analogue with affinity for catalytic antibody 7B9.


An organic phosphonate that is phenylphosphonic acid diesterified with tropinium and 4-nitrophenol.


ETHYL HYDROGEN PHOSPHONATE

A phosphonic ester that is the monoethyl ester of phosphonic acid.  A fungicide used (as its aluminium salt) for various horticultural crops used to control a range of diseases including Phytophthora, Pythium and Plasmopara.


name: aspartyl adenylate beta-ketophosphonate isostere

description: An organic phosphonate that is adenosine having a [(3S)-3-amino-4-carboxy-2-oxobutyl](hydroxy)phosphoryl group attached at position 5'.


p-nitrophenyl phenyl phosphonate

An aryl phosphate resulting from the formal condensation of phosphonic acid with 1 mol eq. each of phenol and 4-nitrophenol.


An organic phosphonate and derivative of hexanoic acid and cognate transition state analogue of the esterase-like catalytic antibody D2.3.


tenofovir disoproxil

An organic phosphonate that is the disoproxil ester of tenofovir. A prodrug for tenofovir, an HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor, tenofovir disoproxil is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.


An alanine derivative having a 4-(4-nitrophenylphospho)butanoyl group attached to the nitrogen of alanine.


N-(p-nitrophenylphosphobutanoyl)glycine

A C-nitro compound that is the N-(p-nitrophenylphosphobutyryl) derivative of glycine; a cognate transition state analogue of the esterase-like catalytic antibody D2.3.


A  dicarboxylic acid monoamide that is a hapten and transition state analogue containing phenylphosphonate and succinoylamino moieties.


An N-[4-(4-nitrophenylphospho)butanoyl]alanine that has S at the chiral carbon.


A C-nitro compound that is 6-phosphonohexanoic acid in which the phosphono function is esterified with (4-nitrophenyl)methanol; a phosphonate transition state analogue with affinity for catalytic antibody 7B9.


An organic 3-carboxyphenyl phosphonate monoester.


aryl phosphonate

A phosphonic ester in which at least one of the esterifying groups is aromatic.


An organic phosphonate that is the tetraethyl ester of  [2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)ethene-1,1-diyl]bis(phosphonic acid).


ceramide phosphonoethanolamine 34:2

A ceramide phosphonoethanolamine in which the sphingoid base and acyl group contain a total of 34 carbon atoms and 2 double bonds.


A ribose monophosphate that is alpha-D-ribose having a monophosphate group at position 5 as well as a methylphosphonate group at position 1.


fotemustine

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fotemustine. It is an alkylating agent used in the treatment of malignant melanoma.


METHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID DIISOPROPYL ESTER

An organic phosphonate that is the diisopropyl ester of methylphosphonic acid.


imide

A dicarboximide that is 3,4,5,6-tetrahydrophthalimide in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a p-bromophenyl group.


A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the two acyl groups contain 37 carbons in total with 7 double bonds.


NYGERONE A

A member of the class of 4-pyridones that is nigerone B in which the nitrogen of the carboxamide has been acylated by a (3S)-3-carboxybutanoyl group. It has been isolated from  Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015.


An aminoimidazole that is 5-amino-1H-imidazole which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by benzoyl and cyano groups, respectively.


3-methylbutaneperoxoic acid

The peracid of isovaleric acid where the acidic -OH group has been replaced by an -OOH group.


(2S,3S)-versiconal hemiacetal acetate

An optically active form of versiconal hemiacetal acetate having 2S,3S-configuration.


(2S-3S)-versiconal hemiacetal

An optically active form of versiconal hemiacetal having 2S,3S-configuration.


versiconal

A secondary metabolite that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of afflatoxin. Can exist as both a tricyclic anthraquinone-hydroxyaldehyde form or as a tetracyclic anthrafuran form.


versiconal hemiacetal

An anthrafuran that is 2,3-dihydroanthra[2,3-b]furan-5,10-dione substituted at positions 2, 4, 6 and 8 by hydroxy groups and at position 3 by a 2-hydroxyethyl group. An intermediate in the biosynthesis of aflatoxin.


versiconal hemiacetal acetate

An anthrafuran that is 2,3-dihydroanthra[2,3-b]furan-5,10-dione substituted at positions 2, 4, 6 and 8 by hydroxy groups and at position 3 by a 2-acetoxyethyl group. An intermediate in the biosynthesis of aflatoxin.


A fluorescin compound having a hexadecanoylamino substituent at the 5-position.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained formally by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-L-Fucp-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fucp-(1->3)]-D-GlcpNAc.


A galactotriose that is beta-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 6 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-galactopyranosyl derivatives.


An alkenyl alcohol with a structure based on a C8 unbranched chain with the hydroxy group at C-2 and unsaturation at C-1-C-2. It is a major volatile compound present in many mushrooms and fungi.


An oct-1-en-3-ol that has S-configuration.


An oct-1-en-3-ol that has R-configuration.


xylan derivative

A homopolysaccharide derivative which is formally derived from a xylan.


acetyl xylan

A xylan derivative obtained by acetylation of any xylan.


TETRAGASTRIN

A tetrapeptide composed of L-tryptophan, L-methione, L-aspartic acid and L-phenylalaninamide residues joined in sequence.


A ketimine consisting of hexane carrying five hydroxy substituents at positions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 as well as the imino group at position 5.


A UDP-amino sugar having 2-acetamido-3-amino-2,3-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucuronic acid as the amino sugar component.


cytidine 2'-phosphate

A cytidine phosphate compound having the phosphate group at the 2'-position.


guanosine 2'-monophosphate

A purine ribonucleoside 2'-monophosphate having guanine as the nucleobase.


A hydroxypyridine that is pyridine substituted by 4-aminobutanoyl and hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 6, respectively. It is a metabolite of nornicotine produced by Shinella sp. strain HZN7.


DIHYDROCAFFEIC ACID

A monocarboxylic acid that is 3-phenylpropionic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4. Also known as dihydrocaffeic acid, it is a metabolite of caffeic acid and exhibits antioxidant activity.


(dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid

A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid carrying a dihydroxyphenyl substituent at position 3.


A galactotriose consisting of beta-D-galactopyranose, alpha-D-galactopyranose and D-galactopyranose residues joined in sequence by (1->4) and (1->3) glycosidic bonds.


A beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Galp-(1->3)-D-Galp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has beta- configuration.


name: dTDP 1-ester with 2,6-dideoxy-L-erythro-hexopyranos-3-ulose


(GlcNAc)2 (Man)8

An intermediate glycan structure of glycosylated proteins


alpha-D-ribose 5-triphosphate

A D-ribose 5-triphosphate in which the ribose is in the furanose form and has alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre.


hydrogentungstate

A monovalent inorganic anion that consists of tungstic acid where one of the two OH groups has been deprotonated.


An omega-hydroxy fatty acid ascaroside that derived from reaction of the omega-hydroxy group of (3R)-3,22-dihydroxybehenic acid [(3R)-3,22-dihydroxydocosanoic acid] with alpha-ascarylopyranose. It is a metabolite of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.


enamide

An alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid amide of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-C(=O)NR(4)R(5) in which the amide C=O function is conjugated to a C=C double bond at the alpha,beta position.


CARBOXIN

An anilide obtained by formal condensation of the amino group of aniline with the carboxy group of 2-methyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiine-3-carboxylic acid. A fungicide for control of bunts and smuts that is normally used as a seed treatment.


tyrphostin AG 825

An organic sulfide that consists of  1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol in which the hydrogen attached to the sulfur atom is replaced by a 5-[(1E)-3-amino-2-cyano-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl]-2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl group. It acts as an  epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist.


pyrimorph

An enamide resulting from the formal condensation of 3-(p-tert-butylphenyl)-3-(6-chloropyridin-2-yl)acrylic acid with the amino group of morpholine. A fungicide developed in China, it shows high antifungal activity against diseases caused by Phytophthora infestans, Phytophthora capsici, Rhizoctonia solani, Peronophythora litchi, and Pseudoperonospora cubensis.


AG 490

A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2E)-2-cyano-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid with the amino group of benzylamine.


nigerazine A

An enamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-cinnamic acid with the secondary amino group of (2R,5R)-1,2,5-trimethylpiperazine.


name: 2-[[2-cyano-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-oxoprop-2-enyl]amino]-4-phenyl-3-thiophenecarboxylic acid ethyl ester


eltanexor

A member of the class of triazoles that is 1H-1,2,4-triazole substituted by (1E)-3-amino-3-oxo-2-(pyrimidin-5-yl)prop-1-en-1-yl and 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a second-generation exportin 1 inhibitor that is currently in phase II clinical trial for the treatment of patients with higher relapsed/refractory myelodysplastic neoplasms.


compound 38 [PMID: 24915291]

A member of the class of pyrimidines that is pyrimidine substituted by (3-{[N-(prop-2-enoyl)glycyl]amino}phenyl)amino and {2-methyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)benzamido]benzoyl}nitrilo groups at positions 2 and 5, respectively. It is a covalent BTK inhibitor with potential anti-proliferative activity. It exhibits more potent anti-proliferative effects than ibrutinib in multiple cellular and in vivo preclinical models of B-cell lineage malignancy, including tumor cell lines and mouse xenograft models.


feruloylagmatine

A member of the class of cinnamamides obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid with the amino group of agmatine.


An enamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2Z)-2-cyano-3-hydroxybut-2-enoic acid with the amino group of 2,5-dibromoaniline. It is a dual-function inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) and Polo-like kinases (PLK) that exhibits anticancer properties.


A secondary amino compound that is spermidine in which each of the primary amino groups has been mono-acylated by formal condensation with trans-coumaric acid.


tranilast

An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl group.


A fatty amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (Z)-dodec-2-enoic acid with the nitrogen of piperidine.


p-coumaroylagmatine

A member of the class of cinnamamides obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-coumaric acid with the primary amino group of agmatine.


MOTUALEVIC ACID A

An enamide obtained by the formal condensation of the amino group of glycine with the carboxy group of 14,14-dibromotetradeca-2,13-dienoic acid (the 2E stereoisomer). It is isolated from the marine sponge  Siliquariaspongia sp. and exhibits antibacterial properties.


An L-alanine derivative obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of fumaric acid monoamide with the side-chain amino group of 3-amino-L-alanine.


selinexor

A member of the class of triazoles that is 1H-1,2,4-triazole substituted by (1Z)-3-oxo-3-[2-(pyrazin-2-yl)hydrazinyl]prop-1-en-1-yl and 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a prescription medicine approved for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.


crotamiton

An enamide resulting from the formal condensation of crotonic acid with N-ethyl-2-methylaniline. A colourless or pale yellow oily liquid, it is used in the treatment of pruritus (itching) by producing a counter-irritation: as it evaporates from the skin, it produces a cooling effect that diverts attention away from the itching. It has also been used as an acaricide in the treatment of scabies, though more effective drugs are usually preferred.


cinnamamides

An enamide which is cinnamamide or a derivative of cinnamamide obtained by replacement of one or more of its hydrogens.


(E)-p-coumaroylagmatine

A p-coumaroylagmatine(1+) in which the double bond of the coumaroyl component has E-geochemistry.


A member of the class of cinnamamides obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamid with the amino group of agmatine.


SIS3 free base

An enamide resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 6,7-dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline with the carboxy group of (2E)-3-(1-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)acrylic acid.


sotorasib

A pyridopyrimidine that is pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one substituted by 4-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl, (2S)-2-methyl-4-(prop-2-enoyl)piperazin-1-yl, fluoro and 2-fluoro-6-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 1, 4, 6 and 7, respectively. It is approved for the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer having KRAS(G12C) mutations.


A member of the class of indoles that is 5-chloro-4-(1H-indol-3-yl)-N-[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]pyrimidin-2-amine in which the piperidine NH group is substituted by a 4-{[(2E)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enoyl]amino}benzoyl group. It is a first-in-class CDK12 and CDK13 covalent kinase inhibitor with IC50 of 158 nM and 69 nM, respectively.


CYSTODYTIN H

An  alkaloid ester obtained by formal condensation of cystodytin D with elaidic acid. It is isolated from the Okinawan marine tunicate Cystodytes dellechiajei and exhibits cytotoxicity against human epidermoid carcinoma KB cells.


CYSTODYTIN E

An alkaloid that is an enamide obtained by the formal condensation of tiglic acid with 6-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-4H-pyrido[2,3,4-kl]acridin-4-one. It is isolated from the Okinawan marine tunicate Cystodytes dellechiajei and exhibits cytotoxicity against human epidermoid carcinoma KB cells


Cuscuta propenamide 2

An enamide obtained by the formal condensation of ferulic acid with 2-(4-butylphenyl)ethanamine. It is isolated from Cuscuta reflexa and displays strong inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20).


A fatty amide resulting from the formal condensation of (Z)-dodec-2-enoic acid with the nitrogen of morpholine.


N-trans-cinnamoyltyramine

A member of the class of cinnamamides that is tyramine substituted by a (1E)-3-oxo-1-phenylprop-1-en-3-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is found in rice and exhibits an allelopathic effect to suppress the growth of weeds.


(E)-flumorph

An enamide resulting from the formal condensation of (2E)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid with the amino group of morpholine.


asukamycin

A polyketide that is a member of the manumycin family of antibiotics and exhibits strong antibacterial, antifungal, and antineoplastic activities. Isolated from from the actinomycete bacterium Streptomyces nodosus subsp. asukaensis.


nigerazine B

An enamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-cinnamic acid with the secondary amino group of (2S,5R)-1,2,5-trimethylpiperazine.


name: 2-[2-[[3-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-oxoprop-2-enyl]amino]-4-thiazolyl]acetic acid ethyl ester


Cuscuta propenamide 1

An enamide obtained by the formal condensation of 4-methoxyphenylethylamine with trans-caffeic acid. It is isolated from Cuscuta reflexa and displays strong inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20).


A fatty amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (Z)-dodec-2-enoic acid with the amino group of pyrrolidine.


MANUMYCIN A

A polyketide with formula C31H38N2O7 initially isolated from Streptomyces parvulus as a result of a random screening program for farnesyl transferase (FTase) inhibitors. It is a natural product that exhibits anticancer and antibiotic properties.


pisoniamide

A member of the class of cinnamamides that is trans-cinnamamide substituted by a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group at the nitrogen atom. It has been isolated from Pisonia aculeata.


A member of the class of acrylamides that is acrylamide which is substituted at positions 2 and 3 by 2-furyl and 5-nitro-2-furyl groups, respectively (the trans isomer). Formerly used as a food preservative, it was withdrawn from the market following suspicions of carcenogenicity.


CYSTODYTIN I

An alkaloid ester obtained by formal condensation of the hydroxy group of cystodytin E with the carboxy group of elaidic acid. It is isolated from the Okinawan marine tunicate Cystodytes dellechiajei and exhibits cytotoxicity against human epidermoid carcinoma KB cells.


An L-alanine derivative obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of fumaric acid with the side-chain amino group of 3-amino-L-alanine.


CINANSERIN

An aryl sulfide that is (2E)-3-phenyl-N-(2-sulfanylphenyl)prop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen of the thiol group is substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. It is a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist and an inhibitor of SARS-CoV replication.


An enamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (Z)-dodec-2-enoic acid with the amino group of cyclopropylamine.


CYSTODYTIN D

An alkaloid that is an enamide obtained by the formal condensation of 3-methylbut-2-enoic acid with 6-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-4H-pyrido[2,3,4-kl]acridin-4-one. It is isolated from the Okinawan marine tunicate Cystodytes dellechiajei and exhibits cytotoxicity against human epidermoid carcinoma KB cells.


trans-cinnamamide

The E (trans) isomer of cinnamamide.


ibrutinib

A member of the class of acrylamides that is (3R)-3-[4-amino-3-(4-phenoxyphenyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-1-yl]piperidine in which the piperidine nitrogen is replaced by an acryloyl group. A selective and covalent inhibitor of the enzyme Bruton's tyrosine kinase, it is used for treatment of B-cell malignancies.


gamma-sanshool

An enamide obtained by the formal condensation of 2-methylpropanamine with tetradeca-2,4,8,10,12-pentaenoic acid (the 2E,4E,8Z,10E,12E stereoisomer). Isolated from Zanthoxylum piperitum, it exhibits inhibitory activity against acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase.


acrylamides

An enamide which is acrylamide or a derivative of acrylamide obtained by replacement of one or more of its hydrogens.


An oxindole that is 5-amino-oxindole in which the 5-amino group has undergone formal condensation with the carboxy group of 3-(piperidin-1-yl)propanoic acid to give the corresponding carboxamide and in which the hydrogens at position 3 have been replaced by a (5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene group (Z configuration). It is an inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) dimerisation.


cis-cinnamamide

The Z (cis) isomer of cinnamamide.


SYNCARPAMIDE

An  alkaloid that is the di-O-cinnamoyl derivative of 3,4-di-O-methylnorepinephrine. Isolated from  Zanthoxylum syncarpum, it exhibits antiplasmodial activity.


A cinnamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-cinnamic acid with the 9-hydroxy group of 7,9-dihydroxy-8,10-dimethyltrideca-2,4-dienamide (the 4R,5S,6R,7R,9E,11Z stereoisomer). It is obtained from the fermentation broth of Bacillus sp.YL-03709B and exhibits antifungal activity.


A 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoylagmatine in which the double bond of the 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamoyl component has Z-geochemistry.


A hydroxy fatty amide ascaroside obtained by obtained by formal condensation of the 24-hydroxy group of (2E,24R)-24-hydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methylpentacos-2-enamide with ascarylopyranose (the alpha anomer). It is a metabolite of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.


FLUMORPH

An enamide resulting from the formal condensation of (2Z)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid with the amino group of morpholine.


cinnamamide

The simplest member of the class of cinnamamides that consists of acrylamide bearing a phenyl substituent at the 3-position.


cefcapene

A cephalosporin compound having (carbamoyloxy)methyl and N-[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)pent-2-enoyl]amino side-groups. It is used (generally as the corresponnding pivaloyloxymethyl ester prodrug) as an oral antibacterial.


nigragillin

An enamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid with the secondary amino group of (2S,5R)-1,2,5-trimethylpiperazine.


A member of the class of indoles that is 1H-indole substituted by a 5-chloro-2-[3-(4-{[(2E)-4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enoyl]amino}benzamido)anilino]pyrimidin-4-yl group at position 3. It is a selective and potent covalent inhibitor of CDK7 that exhibits anti-proliferative effects in cancer cell lines.


ACAA

An amidobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the anilino hydrogens is replaced by a 4-pentylcinnamoyl group. It is a transient receptor potential (TRP) channel blocker and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor.


resminostat

An enamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2E)-3-[1-({4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenyl}sulfonyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]prop-2-enoic acid with the amino group of hydroxylamine. It is an orally bioavailable inhibitor of histone deacetylases with potential antineoplastic activity.


teriflunomide

An  enamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2Z)-2-cyano-3-hydroxybut-2-enoic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. Used for the treatment of relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis.


A member of the class of cinnamamides that is an enamide obtained by the formal condensation of ferulic acid with 4'-O-methyldopamine. It has been isolated from  Pisonia aculeata.


ISARIOTIN F

An organic heterobicyclic compound that is a lactol isolated from the entomopathogenic fungus Isaria tenuipes and exhibits antimalarial and antineoplastic activities.


An enamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2E,4E,6E)-7-phenylhepta-2,4,6-trienoic acid with the amino group of hydroxylamine. It is an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) which exhibits anticancer properties.


name: 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid [4-(3-amino-2-cyano-3-oxoprop-1-enyl)-2-methoxyphenyl] ester


beta-sanshool

An enamide obtained by the fromal condensation of 2-methylpropanamine with  dodeca-2,6,8,10-tetraenoic acid (the 2E,6E,8E,10E stereoisomer). Isolated from Zanthoxylum piperitum, it exhibits inhibitory activity against acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase.


An enamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (Z)-11-methyldodec-2-enoic acid with the amino group of cyclopropylamine.


(R)-N-trans-feruloyloctopamine

A member of the class of cinnamamides that is an enamide obtained by the formal condensation of the amino group of  (R)-octopamine with the carboxy group of ferulic acid. Isolated from Pisonia aculeata, it exhibits antitubercular activity.


BISTRATAMIDE E

A homodetic cyclic peptide that consists of L-threonine and L-valine as the amino acid residues cyclised via amide bonds. It is isolated from  Lissoclinum bistratum and exhibits antitumour activity against the human colon tumour cell line.


alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-Neu5Ac in which the configuration at the anomeric carbon atom of the residue at the reducing end is alpha


amyloid-beta polypeptide 42

A beta-amyloid that ia a 42 amino acid polypeptide of sequence Asp Ala Glu Phe Arg His Asp Ser Gly Tyr Glu Val His His Gln Lys Leu Val Phe Phe Ala Glu Asp Val Gly Ser Asn Lys Gly Ala Ile Ile Gly Leu Met Val Gly Gly Val Val Ile Ala.


A member of the class of indoles that is 1H-indole substituted by a (1-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazin-5-ium-3-yl)methyl group at position 3. It is the major species at pH 7.3.


dextran sulfate sodium

An organic sodium salt of dextran sulfate. It induces colitis in mice.


thionyl chloride

A sulfinyl halide in which both of the halide atoms are chorines.


A trisaccharide glucosaminyl group resulting from periodate treatment of the N-glycan phytohemaglutinin(PHA). In the structure, the asterisk represents the point of attachment to an asparagine residue in the protein part of the originating glycoprotein.


A C-glycosylphytoceramide consisting of 1-O-(alpha-D-galactopyranosyl)-N-hexacosanylphytosphingosine with the anomeric oxygen replaced by a methylene group.


N,N'-diacetylchitobiose

The N,N'-diacetylated derivative of chitobiose, but with no stereodesignation for the anomeric carbon atom.


N,N'-diacetylchitobioses

Any of the chitobioses acetylated on both amino nitrogens.


CHITODEXTRIN

An N,N'-diacetylchitobiose having beta-configuration at the reducing end anomeric centre.


A benzoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 6''-hydroxy group of quercetin 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside with the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid.


NSC 23766 trihydrochloride

A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of NSC 23766 with 3 mol eq. of hydrogen chloride. An inhibitor of the signalling G-protein known as RAC1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1).


triporphyrin

A compound containing three porphyrin rings.


(S)-nomifensine

The S enantiomer of nomifensine.


dTDP-beta-D-fucofuranose

A dTDP-sugar having beta-D-fucofuranose as the sugar component.


METHYL OLEATE

A fatty acid methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of oleic acid with methanol.


The (3S)-beta-isomer of leucine.


beta-leucine

A beta-amino acid that is pentanoic acid substituted at positions 3 and 4 by amino and methyl groups respectively.


The (3R)-beta-isomer of leucine.


An O-glycosyl-L-serine having N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl as the glycosyl component.


O-glycosyl-L-threonine

An O-glycosyl amino acid in which the amino acid specified is L-threonine.


An O-glycosyl-L-serine having the linear heptasaccharide alpha-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->4)-alpha-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Xyl as the glycosyl component. An intermediate glycan in the synthesis of heparan


A derivative of L-serine having a 3-O-D-galactosyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl moiety attached to the side-chain oxygen.


An O(4)-glycosyl-L-hydroxyproline that is cis-L-hydroxylproline glycosylated by a beta-L-Araf moiety.


An O(4)-glycosyl-L-hydroxyproline that is cis-L-hydroxylproline glycosylated by a beta-L-Araf-(1->2)-beta-L-Araf-(1->2)-beta-L-Araf moiety


An O-glycosyl amino acid that is L-lysine in which one of the methylene hydrogens at position 5 has been replaced by an (alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy group.


Any L-tyrosine derivative in which the phenolic hydrogen has been replaced a glycosyl residue.


An O-glycosyl-L-threonine having N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine as the glycosyl component.


A 5-glycosyloxy-L-lysine in which the glycosyl fragment is specified as beta-D-galactose.


UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

A UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine(3-) in which the D-muramoyl fragment has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


N-acetyl-D-muramoyl-L-alanine

An L-alanine derivative consisting of an N-acetyl-D-muramoyl group attached to L-alanine via an amide linkage.


A serine derivative that is L-serine having a 3-O-beta-D-galactosyl-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl moiety attached to the side-chain oxygen.


An O-glycosyl-L-threonine having N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine as the glycosyl component.


An O-glycosyl amino acid having L-hydroxyproline as the amino acid component.


An O-glycosyl-L-serine having N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine as the glycosyl component.


fructosyllysine

A glyco-amino acid consisting of a D-fructosyl residue attached to the epsilon-amino group of L-lysine.


An O-glycosyl-L-threonine having N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl as the glycosyl component.


An O(4')-glycosyl-L-tyrosine in which the glycosyl group is specified as N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl.


A member of the class of furans that is furan in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 4 are replaced by methyl groups.


A C-nitro compound in which the nitro group is attached at C-4 of m-cresol.


A mononitrophenol that is 4-nitrophenol and its derivatives resulting from substitution of one or more of the hydrogens attached to the benzene ring by a non-nitro group.


An aryl sulfate that is 4-nitrocatechol in which the hydroxy group that is meta to the nitro group has been converted into the corresponding hydrogen sulfate. It is used (commonly as its dipotassium salt) as a chromogenic substrate for sulphatase.


name: 2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzoic acid [2-(2-chloroanilino)-2-oxoethyl] ester


n-alkanal

An  aliphatic aldehyde obtained by formal oxygenation of one of the terminal methyl groups of any straight-chain alkane.


glycerol 1-phosphoserine

A L-serine derivative consisting of L-serine having a 1-glycerophospho group attached to the side-chain hydroxy function.


glycerol 1-phosphodiester

A monoester of glycerophosphoric acid where R is an organyl group.


A glycerol 1-phosphoserine in which the glycero portion has R-configuration.


methyl green

An iminium salt composed of (4-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl][4-(trimethylazaniumyl)phenyl]methylidene}cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)(dimethyl)ammonium and chloride ions in a 1:2 ratio. A histological dye used to demonstrate nucleic acids by the Unna-Pappenheim stain, in conjunction with Pyronin Y.


A methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-(4-isopropyl-4-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-4-methylbenzoic acid with methanol.


AVICULARIN

A quercetin O-glycoside in which an alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl residue is attached at position 3 of quercetin via a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated particularly from Juglans regia and Foeniculum vulgare.


name: 2-(3-methylphenoxy)acetic acid (1-methyl-4-piperidinyl) ester


A 4-methylidene-2-octyl-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid that has 2S,3R-configuration.


A tetrahydrofuranone that is tetrahydrofuran substituted by octyl, carboxy, methylidene, and oxo groups at positions 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively.


A 4-methylidene-2-octyl-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid that has 2R,3S-configuration.


A disaccharide composed of two 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose residues joined by a (1->3) glycosidic bond.


A D-GalpNAc-(1->3)-D-GalpNAc in which the 2-acetamidogalactosyl group (attached to position 3 of the 2-acetamidogalactose moiety) has alpha- configuration.


An alpha-D-GalpNAc-(1->3)-D-GalpNAc in which the anomeric hydroxy group has alpha- configuration.


An alpha-D-GalpNAc-(1->3)-D-GalpNAc having beta-configuration at the reducing end anomeric centre.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (15Z,18Z,21Z,24Z)-triacontatetraenoic acid.


An indolamine carrying an amino group at position 5.


methylbenzene

Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups.


durene

A tetramethylbenzene carrying methyl groups at positions 1, 2, 4 and 5.


A trimethylbenzene carrying methyl groups at positions 1, 2 and 3. It has been found in  Centaurium erythraea.


toluene

The simplest member of the class toluenes consisting of a benzene core which bears a single methyl substituent.


A trimethylbenzene carrying methyl substituents at positions 1, 3 and 5.


O-XYLENE

A xylene substituted by methyl groups at positions 1 and 2.


P-XYLENE

A xylene with methyl groups at positions 1 and 4.


DUROHYDROQUINONE

A member of the class of hydroquinones that is benzene-1,4-diol carrying four methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 5 and 6.


tetramethylbenzene

Any methylbenzene that is benzene substituted by four methyl groups at unspecified positions.


pentamethylbenzene

A methylbenzene that is benzene in which five of the hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.


A trimethylbenzene carrying methyl groups at positions 1, 2 and 4.


xylazine

A methyl benzene that is 1,3-dimethylbenzene which is substituted by a 5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-ylnitrilo group at position 2. It is an alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist and frequently used in veterinary medicine as an emetic and sedative with analgesic and muscle relaxant properties.


A member of the class of hydroquinones that is hydroquinone substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 3 and 5.


HEXAMETHYLBENZENE

A methylbenzene that is benzene in which all six hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups.


M-XYLENE

A xylene carrying methyl groups at positions 1 and 3.


BUTANONE

A dialkyl ketone that is a four-carbon ketone carrying a single keto- group at position C-2.


A polymer composed of repeating 2-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)ribitol 1-phosphate units.


poly(ribitol phosphate)

A polymeric compound composed of repeating ribose-1-phosphate units.


A polymer composed of repeating 2-beta-D-glucosylribitol-1-phosphate units.


castasterone 23-O-alpha-D-glucoside

A brassinosteroid that is castasterone carrying an alpha-D-glucosyl residue at position O-23.


methyl undecenate

A fatty acid methyl ester of 10-undecenoic acid.


CONCANAMYCIN A

A concanamycin in which the lactone ring contains 4 double bonds and is substituted by 4 methyl groups, 2 hydroxy groups, 2 methoxy groups and an ethyl group.


hemiacetal

A compound having the general formula RR'C(OH)OR'' (R'' =/= H).


HBOA

A benzoxazine bearing hydroxy and oxo substituents at positions 2 and 3 respectively.


bryostatin 2

A member of the class of bryostatins that is bryostatin 1 in which the acetoxy group has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


BAFILOMYCIN A1

The most used of the bafilomycins, a family of toxic macrolide antibiotics derived from Streptomyces griseus.


A spiro-epoxide with potent anticancer activity that lowers the mRNA levels of oncogenes and tumour supressor genes. It is isolated from Pseudomonas sp. no.2663.


SORAPHEN A

A macrolide and an agent highly effective against plant-pathogenic fungi. It was extensively researched for agricultural use until it was discovered to be a teratogen.


mutalomycin

A polyether antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces mutabilis NRRL 8088.


BRYOSTATIN 1

A member of the class of bryostatins that is (17E)-2-oxooxacyclohexacos-17-ene which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 10, and 20; an acetoxy group at position 8; methyl groups at positions 9, 9, 18, and 19; 2-methoxy-2-oxoethylidene groups at positions 14 and 24; an (E,E)-octa-2,4-dienoyloxy group at position 21; and with oxygen bridges linking positions 6 to 10, 12 to 16, and 20 to 24. It is one of the most abundant member of the class of bryostatins.


myriaporone 3

A member of the class of oxanes isolated from the Mediterranean bryozoan Myriapora truncata and has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against murine leukemia cells.


DIBOA

A lactol that consists of 1,4-benzoxazine bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 2 and 4 as well as a keto group at position 3.


concanamycin

Macrolide antibiotics first isolated from Streptomyces species. They possess an 18-membered lactone ring and a 6-membered hemiketal ring in which the hydroxy group at position 23 is glycosylated by 2-deoxy-beta-D-rhamnose.


A spiro-epoxide with potent cytotoxic activity against human tumour cells. It is isolated from Pseudomonas sp. no.2663.


lactol

Cyclic hemiacetals formed by intramolecular addition of a hydroxy group to an aldehydic or ketonic carbonyl group. They are thus 1-oxacycloalkan-2-ols or unsaturated analogues.


chaetoviridin D

An organic heterotetracyclic compound with formula C23H27ClO7 isolated from Chaetomium globosum. It is a diastereoisomer of chaetomugilin A (which has a significantly different optical rotation).


monensin

A spiroketal, monensin A is the major component of monensin, a mixture of antibiotic substances produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. An antiprotozoal, it is used as the sodium salt as a feed additive for the prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and as a growth promoter in cattle.


ossamycin

A  macrolide antibiotic that was originally isolated from the culture broths of Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. ossamyceticus.


cis-trans-nepetalactol

A cyclopentapyran that is 1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group and at positions 4 and 7 by methyl groups (the 4aS,7S,7aR-diastereomer)


A cyclic hemiketal isolated from the fermentation broth of Pseudomonas sp.no.2663. It displays potent cytotoxic activity against human tumour cells.


xanthoaphin

The product from the treatment of protoaphin aglucone with protoaphin dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.73).


ASCOMYCIN

A macrolide that is produced by the fermentation of Streptomyces hygroscopicus and exhibits strong immunosuppressant properties.


VERACEVINE

A cyclic hemiketal that is cevane that has an oxygen bridge from the 4alpha to the 9 position and is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 4beta, 12, 14, 16beta, 17, and 20 positions.


DIMBOA

A lactol that is DIBOA in which the hydrogen at position 7 is replaced by a methoxy group. It has been isolated from the maize plants.


A dicarboxylic acid comprising 2-hydroxy-2H-pyran having two carboxy groups located at the 4- and 6-positions.


A 24-membered macrolide antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp.NK154183. It exhibits antifungal and antitumour activity against the human colon adenocarcinoma.


fructose

A ketohexose that is an isomer of glucose.


alpha-bradyrhizose

A heptol that is 6-methylhexahydro-1-benzopyran carrying seven hydroxy substituents located at positions 2, 3, 4, 4a, 5, 6 and 7.


hygrolidin

A macrolide consisting resulting from the formal lactonisation of the carboxy group of (2E,4E,6R,7S,8S,10E,12E,14S,15R,16S,17R,18S)-18-[(2R,4R,5S,6R)-4-{[(2E)-3-carboxyprop-2-enoyl]oxy}-2-hydroxy-5,6-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]-7,15,17-trihydroxy-14-methoxy-2,4,6,8,10,16-hexamethylnonadeca-2,4,10,12-tetraenoic acid with the hydroxy group at position 15. It is active against SV40 tumour cells, and inhibits the growth of solid tumour-derived cell lines such as DLD-1 human colon cancer cells with increased cells in G1 and S phases.


elaiophylin

A macrodiolide that is isolated from several bacteria including Streptomyces violaceoniger and other soil actinomycetes.


ryanodine

An insecticide alkaloid isolated from South American plant Ryania speciosa.


cyclic hemiketal

A hemiacetal  having the structure R2C(OH)OR (R =/= H), derived from a ketone by formal addition of an alcohol to the carbonyl group. The term 'cyclic hemiketals', once abandoned by IUPAC, has been reinstated as a subclass of hemiacetals.


peloruside A

A macrolide that is a novel secondary metabolite isolated from a New Zealand marine sponge, Mycale hentscheli.


alborixin

A polyether antibiotic that is isolated from cultures of a strain of Streptomyces albus.


chaetoviridin B

An organic heterotetracyclic compound with formula C23H27ClO6 isolated from Chaetomium globosum. It exhibits antifungal activity against plant pathogenic fungi.


TRIBOA

A cyclic hydroxamic acid that consists of 1,4-benzoxazine bearing three hydroxy substituents at positions 2, 4 and 7 as well as an oxo group at position 3.


beta-D-fructopyranose

A D-fructopyranose in which the anomeric centre has beta-configuration.


A triol consisting of tetrahydrofuran with three hydroxy substituents located at position 2, 3 and 4.


aurafuron A

A polyketide that is 2,3-dihydrofuran substituted by hydroxy, methyl, oxo, methyl and (2S,3Z,5E,7R,8R,9E)-2,8-dihydroxy-7,9,12-trimethyltrideca-3,5,9-trien-1-yl groups at positions 2, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. It is a cytotoxic natural product found in several myxobacteria species and inhibits the growth of some filamentous fungi.


hemiketal

A hemiacetal having the structure RR(1)C(OH)OR(2) (R, R(1), R(2) =/= H), derived from a ketone by formal addition of an alcohol to the carbonyl group.


(3-sulfonatophenyl)azo group

A phenylazo group in which the phenyl ring is substituted at the meta position with a deprotonated sulfo group.  Derived from the parent diazonium compound, it is commonly involved in conjugate formation with proteins.


tioxolone

A 1,3-benzoxathiole having a hydroxy substituent at the 6-position.


N,N-diethylglycine

An N-alkyl glycine that is glycine in which the amino group is replaced by a diethylnitrilo group.


avenasterol

A stigmastane sterol that is 5alpha-stigmastane carrying a hydroxy group at position 3beta and double bonds at positions 7 and 24.


monoethylglycinexylidide

Amino acid amide formed from 2,6-dimethylaniline and N-ethylglycine components; an active metabolite of lidocaine, formed by oxidative deethylation. Used as an indicator of hepatic function.


chlorins

Dihydroporphyrin compounds where saturated carbon atoms are located at the nonfused carbon atoms of one of the pyrrole rings.


dihydroporphyrin

A porphyrin compound containing a porphyrin ring with one double bond fewer than in porphyrin itself.


chlorin

A tetrapyrrole fundamental parent that is obtained by formal hydrogenation across the 2,3-double bond of porphyrin.


An N-acylpyrrolidine obtained by formal condenstion of the carboxy group of L-proline and the secondary amino group of (R)-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid.


ethyl octadecanoate

An octadecanoate ester obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of octadecanoic (stearic) acid and the hydroxy group of ethanol.


name: acetic acid [(2S,3R,4R)-4-hydroxy-2-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl] ester


eye photoreceptor cell

category: biolink:Cell biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any photoreceptor cell that is part of some eye.


360 nm-cone

description: A cone whose sensitivity measurements have an average spectral peak of 358.2 nm. These cones are described in rat.


L cone cell

description: A cone cell that detects long wavelength light. Exact peak of spectra detected differs between species. In humans, spectra peaks at 564-580 nm.


UV cone cell

description: A cone cell that detects ultraviolet (UV) wavelength light.


M cone cell

description: A cone cell that detects medium wavelength light. Exact peak of spectra detected differs between species. In humans, spectra peaks at 534-545 nm.


510 nm-cone

description: A cone whose sensitivity measurements have an average spectral peak of 510 nm. These cones are described in rat.


camera-type eye photoreceptor cell

description: Any photoreceptor cell that is part of some camera-type eye.


A member of the class of benzothiazoles that is 1,3-benzothiazole in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a 5-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl group.


An O-(S-acylpantetheine-4'-phosphoryl)serine(1-) residue in which the S-acyl group is specified as (3R)-hydroxyoctanoyl.


MAACKIAIN

The (-)-enantiomer of maackiain.


name: [[2-[[4-(4-bromophenyl)-2-thiazolyl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]thio]methanethioic acid O-ethyl ester


A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,6-dihydropyridine-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4, a 2'-formylethyl group at position 5 and an oxo group at position 6 respectively.


The glucosyl group formed from the trisaccharide alpha-N-glycoloylneuraminyl-(2->6)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-D-glucose.


ECDYSONE

A 6-oxo steroid that is 5beta-cholest-7-en-6-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3, 14, 22 and 25 respectively (the 2beta, 3beta, 22R stereoisomer). It is a steroid prohormone of the major insect moulting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone.


podecdysone B

A phytoecdysteroid that consists of 5beta-cholesta-8,14-dien-6-one bearing five hydroxy substituents at positions 2, 3, 20, 22 and 25.


An  ecdysteroid that is ecdysone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 20.


N-glycoloyl-alpha-neuraminic acid

An N-acylneuraminic acid in which the acyl substituent on nitrogen is glycoloyl and which has alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre.


N-acylneuraminic acid

Any neuraminic acid carrying an N-acyl substituent.


N-glycoloyl-beta-neuraminic acid

An N-acylneuraminic acid in which the acyl substituent on nitrogen is glycolyl and which has beta-configuration at the anomeric centre.


N-Acetylneuraminic acid reduced across the 2,3-bond with loss of the hydroxy group at C-2 and in which the 9-hydroxy group is substituted by a glutaramido group.


N-acetylneuraminic acid

An N-acylneuraminic acid where the N-acyl group is specified as acetyl.


N-Acetylneuraminic acid reduced across the 2,3-bond with loss of the hydroxy group at C-2; it is a minor component of body fluids although abundant in sialuria.


beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-{alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->3)]-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->6)}-D-GalNAc in which the anomeric configuration of the GalNAc residue at the reducing end is alpha.


A branched amino hexasaccharide comprising a linear tetrasaccharide chain consisting of alpha-neuraminic acid, beta-D-galactose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues, linked sequentially (2->3), (1->4), and (1->6), with an alpha-L-fucosyl residue linked (1->3) to the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue and a D-galactose residue linked (1->3) to the reducing-end N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue.


N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminic acid

N-Acetylneuraminic acid with alpha configuration at the anomeric centre.


sialic acid

An N-acetylneuraminic acid that is keto-neuraminic acid in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group is replaced by an acetyl group.


GlyTouCan G23294PN

An aminodecasaccharide consisting of six hexosyl groups, three acetaminohexosyl groups and an N-acetylneuaminic acid group (identities and connectivity unknown). Composition: Hex6 HexNAc3 Neu5Ac1.


A branched amino nonasaccharide comprising a linear heptasaccharide chain consisting of N-acetylalpha-neuraminic acid, beta-D-galactose, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine, beta-D-galactose, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine, beta-D-galactose, and beta-D-glucose residues, linked sequentially (2->3), (1->4), (1->3), (1->4), (1->3), and (1->4), with alpha-L-fucosyl residues linked (1->3) to each of the N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues.


An N-acetylneuraminic acid that is N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminic acid in which the 9-hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetamido group.


A member of the class of N-acetylneuraminic acids that is N-acetyl-9-O-acetyl-alpha-neuraminic acid in which the hydroxy group at position 2 (adjacent to the carboxy group) has been methylated to give the corresponding methoxy group.


glepidotin A

A trihydroxyflavone that is  galangin substituted by a prenyl  group at position 8.


formamide

The simplest monocarboxylic acid amide, obtained by formal condensation of formic acid with ammonia. The parent of the class of formaldehydes.


pyridinecarboxamide

A member of the class of pyridines that is a substituted pyridine in which at least one of the substituents is a carboxamide or N-substituted caraboxamide group.


BOSCALID

A pyridinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-chloronicotinic acid with the amino group of 4'-chlorobiphenyl-2-amine. A fungicide active against a broad range of fungal pathogens including Botrytis spp., Alternaria spp. and Sclerotinia spp. for use on a wide range of crops including fruit, vegetables and ornamentals.


isonicotinamide

A pyridinecarboxamide that is the monocarboxylic acid amide derivative of  isonicotinic acid.


A hexapeptide consisting of L-tyrosine, L-lysine, L-histidine, L-proline and  L-isoleucine amino acid residues coupled in sequence and in which the amino group of the L-tyrosyl residue is substituted by a (pyridin-3-ylcarbonyl)nitrilo group and in which the L-lysyl side chain amino group is substituted by a {N(2)-[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]-L-arginyl}nitrilo group. It is a potent angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT2 receptor) agonist.


FLONICAMID

A pyridinecarboxamide that is  nicotinamide substituted by a trifluoromethyl group at position 4 and a cyanomethyl group at the carbamoyl nitrogen atom.


name: acetic acid 2-[[oxo(3-pyridinyl)methyl]amino]ethyl ester


CAERULOMYCIN I

A pyridine alkaloid that is 2,2'-bipyridine-6-carboxamide substituted by methoxy groups at position 4 and carbamoyl nitrogen respectively. Isolated from the marine-derived actinomycete Actinoalloteichus cyanogriseus, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.


A pyridinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide substituted by a methyl group at C-2.


picolinamide

A  pyridinecarboxamide that is the  monocarboxylic acid amide derivative of picolinic acid.


picolinafen

A pyridinecarboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 6-(m-trifluoromethylphenoxy)picolinic acid with the amino group of p-fluoroaniline. A carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor, it is used as a herbicide for the control of broad-leaved weeds in cereal crops.


DIFLUFENICAN

A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine-3-carboxamide substituted by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the carbamoyl nitrogen and a 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy group at position 2.


CAERULOMYCINAMIDE

A pyridine alkaloid that is 2,2'-bipyridine substituted by a methoxy group at position 4 and an aminocarbonyl group at position 6. Isolated from the marine-derived actinomycete Actinoalloteichus cyanogriseus, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.


florylpicoxamid

A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-{[3-(acetyloxy)-4-methoxypyridin-2-yl]carbonyl}-L-alanine with the hydroxy group of (2S)-1,1-bis(4-fluorophenyl)propan-2-ol. It is a fungicide introduced by Dow AgroSciences for the control of a wide variety of pathogens such as Septoria spp, Powdery Mildews, Botrytis spp, and others in cereals, vines, fruits, nuts and vegetables.


A pyridone that is 2-pyridone substituted with a carboxamide group at C-5 and a methyl group at N-1.


rebastinib

A member of the class of ureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens bears a 3-tert-butyl-1-(quinolin-6-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl substituent, while the other bears a 2-fluoro-4-{[2-(methylcarbamoyl)pyridin-4-yl]oxy}phenyl substituent.


nicotinyl methylamide

A pyridinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the amide hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group.


A 1,3-thiazolium cation that is 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazole alkylated at the N3 position by a (2-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyrimidin-5-yl)methyl group.


(Z)-phenylacetaldehyde oxime

A phenylacetaldehyde oxime in which the oxime moiety has Z configuration.


phenylacetaldehyde oxime

An aldoxime resulting from the formal condensation of the aldehyde moiety of phenylacetaldehyde with hydroxylamine.


(E)-phenylacetaldehyde oxime

A phenylacetaldehyde oxime in which the oxime moiety has E configuration.


name: 2-[(2S,3R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(1-oxopropylamino)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6-yl]acetic acid methyl ester


A 2-pyranone in which the hydrogens at positions 4 and 6 of 2H-pyran-2-one are replaced by hydroxy and 2-oxononadecyl groups respectively.


The (2S,3R)-stereoisomer of 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-cyclopropyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol.


Fast green FCF

An organic sodium salt having 2-{(4-{ethyl[(3-sulfonatophenyl)methyl]amino}phenyl)[4-{ethyl[(3-sulfonatophenyl)methyl]iminio}cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]methyl}-5-hydroxybenzene-1-sulfonate as the counterion. Used as a substitute for Light green SF yellowish in Masson's trichrome as it is less likely to fade, and is more brilliant in colour. Also used as a food colouring agent.


(cyclohexylmethyl)pyrazine

A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a cyclohexylmethyl group.


L-lysyl-L-alpha-amino acid(1+)

A dipeptide cation that is the conjugate acid of any L-lysyl-L-alpha-amino acid; major species at pH 7.3.


UDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-glucose in which the anomeric centre of the sugar component has alpha-configuration.


polyphosphoric acid

A polymerized phosphorus oxoacid of general formula HO[PO2OH]nH formed by condensation of orthophosphoric acid molecules and containing a backbone chain consisting of alternating P and O atoms covalently bonded together.


polybutylene succinate adipate

A random copolymer of adipic acid, 1,4-butanediol and succinic acid.


etnangien

A macrolide antibiotic isolated from the culture broth of the myxobacterium Sorangium cellulosum and has been found to be active against Gram-positive bacteria.


ganglioside GM2 (24:0)

A sialotriaosylceramide that is N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine in which the acyl group on the sphingosine nitrogen is tetracosanoyl. A synthetic modification of the natural ganglioside GM2.


methyloxidanyl

An  organic radical derived from  methanol.


A member of the family of pteridines that is 2-amino-6,7-dimethyl-4-oxo-4,8-dihydropteridine in which the hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a D-ribityl group.


pentahomomethionine zwitterion

Zwitterionic form of pentahomomethionine.


A branched amino pentasaccharide consisting of two D-glucose residues (one at the reducing end), one N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue, one D-galactose residue and one L-fucose residue, linked as shown.


A hydroxyflavan that is (2S)-flavan substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4.


An O-(S-3-oxoacylpantetheine-4'-phosphoryl)-L-serine(1-) residue in which the S-acyl group is specified as (13Z,29Z)-3-oxooctatetracontadienoyl.


ent-dextilidine

An ethyl 2-(dimethylamino)-1-phenylcyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylate that has R configuration at the carbon bearing the phenyl group and S configuration at the carbon bearing the dimethylamino group. It is the enantiomer of dextilidine; the opioid analgesic tilidine is the racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextilidine and ent-dextilidine.


tilidine

An amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of cyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylic acid in which the cyclohexane ring is substituted at positions 1 and 2 by phenyl and dimethylamino groups, respectively. It has four possible diastereoisomers; the opioid analgesic drug tilidine is a racemate comprising the two trans diastereoisomers.


DEXTILIDINE

An ethyl 2-(dimethylamino)-1-phenylcyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylate that has S configuration at the carbon bearing the phenyl group and R configuration at the carbon bearing the dimethylamino group. The opioid analgesic tilidine is the racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextilidine and its enantiomer, ent-dextilidine. A prodrug, tilidine is converted by the liver to the active analgesic, nortilidine; virtually all of the opioid activity resides in the (1S,2R) isomer (i.e. the isomer derived from dextilidine).


cyproflanilide

A member of the class of benzamides that is benzene in which the hydrogens at positions 1, 2 and 3 are substituted by [2-bromo-4-(1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]aminocarbonyl, fluoro, and (cyclopropylmethyl)(4-fluorobenzoyl)nitrilo groups, respectively. It is an insecticide developed by CAC Shanghai International Trading Co Ltd., China.


epsilon-metofluthrin

A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of (1R,3R)-2,2-dimethyl-3-[(1Z)-prop-1-en-1-yl]cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid with the benzylic hydroxy group of [2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methanol.


broflanilide

A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-[benzoyl(methyl)amino]-2-fluorobenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-bromo-4-(1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropan-2-yl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. An insecticide that exhibits high larvicidal activity against Spodoptera litura and is effective against pests with resistance to cyclodienes and fipronil


CHLORFENAPYR

A member of the class of pyrroles that is 4-bromo-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile which is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by ethoxymethyl, p-chlorophenyl and trifluoromethyl groups, respectively. A proinsecticide used for termite control and crop protection against several insects and mite pests.


epsilon-momfluorothrin

A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of (1R,3R)-3-[(1Z)-2-cyanoprop-1-en-1-yl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid with the benzylic hydroxy group of [2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)phenyl]methanol.


tralopyril

A pyrrole resulting from the N-dealkylation of the ethoxymethyl group of chlorfenapyr. It is the active insecticide of the proinsecticide chlorfenapyr.


tritium atom

The radioactive isotope of hydrogen with relative atomic mass 3.016049 and half-life of 12.33 years (from Greek taurhoiotatauomicronsigma, third).


N-arachidonoylphytosphingosine

A phytoceramide in which the N-acyl group is specified as arachidonoyl.


cefclidin

A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having (4-carbamoyl-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-1-yl)methyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively.


sulfachlorpyridazine

A sulfonamide antimicrobial used for urinary tract infections and in veterinary medicine.


clofencet

A pyridazinone that is 1-(p-chlorophenyl)pyridazin-4-one which is substituted at positione 5 and 6 by carboxy and ethyl groups, respectively. It is used (particularly as the potassium salt, known as clofencet-potassium) as a chemical hybridisation agent for commercial hybrid seed production. It is not approved for use within the European Union.


ZARDAVERINE

A pyridazinone derivative in which pyridazin-3(2H)-one is substituted at C-6 with a 4-(difluoromethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl group.  It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, selective for PDE3 and 4.


cyclopyrimorate

A member of the class of pyridazine that is 3-chloropyridazine which has been substituted at positions 5 and 6 by (morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl)oxy and 2-cyclopropyl-6-methylphenoxy groups, respectively. A selective herbicide used to control broad-leaved and grassy weeds in cereals and rice.


flufenpyr-ethyl

An ethyl ester resulting from the formal condesnation of the carboxy group of flufenpyr with ethanol. It is used as a contact herbicide for the control of broad-leaved weeds. It acts as a protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor, causing protoporphyrins to accumulate, damaging the membrane structure and cellular function. No longer approved for use in the European Union.


omipalisib

A member of the class of quinolines that is quinoline which is substituted by pyridazin-4-yl and 5-[(2,4-difluorobenzene-1-sulfonyl)amino]-6-methoxypyridin-3-yl groups at positions 4 and 6, respectively. It is a highly potent inhibitor of PI3K and mTOR developed by GlaxoSmithKline and was previously in human phase 1 clinical trials for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and solid tumors.


PYRAZON

A pyridazinone that is pyridazin-3(2H)-one substituted by an amino group at position 5, a chloro group at position 4 and a phenyl group at position 2.


NORFLURAZONE

A pyridazinone that is pyridazin-3(2H)-one which is substituted at positions 2, 4, and 5 by m-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, chloro, and methylamino groups, respectively. A pre-emergence herbicide used to control grasses and broad-leafed weeds in a variety of crops. Not approved for use within the European Union.


sulfamethoxypyridazine

A sulfonamide consisting of pyridazine having a methoxy substituent at the 6-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.


flufenpyr

A ring assembly that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl group has been substituted at position 2 by chlorine, position 4 by fluorine, and position 5 by a 5-methyl-6-oxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyridazin-1(6H)-yl group. Its esters, particularly the ethyl ester (flufenpyr-ethyl), are used as contact herbicides for the control of broad-leaved weeds.


atorvastatin

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is a member of the drug class known as statins, used primarily for lowering blood cholesterol and for preventing cardiovascular diseases.


piperazine adipate

A piperazinium salt obtained by combining equimolar amounts of piperazine and adipic acid.


maleimides

Compounds containing a cyclic dicarboximide skeleton in which the two carboacyl groups on nitrogen together with the nitrogen itself form a 1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione structure.


CHLOROPHTHALIUM

A member of the class of phthalimides that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrophthalimide in which the nitrogen has been substituted by a p-chlorophenyl group. It is used as a herbicide.


A trisaccharide derivative in which a trisaccharide consisting of alpha-D-galactose, beta-D-galactose and beta-D-glucose residues linked sequentially (1->3) and (1->4), with the glucosyl residue at the reducing end being linked glycosidically to the terminal amide nitrogen of 19-maleimido-17-oxo-4,7,10,13-tetraoxa-16-azanonadecan-1-amide.


methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)-maleimide

A poly(ethylene glycol) derivative that is methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) in which the terminal hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding 2-maleimidoethyl ether. Used particularly for the mPEGylation of free thiol groups in cysteine residues of proteins.


A member of the class of coumarins that is 2H-chromen-2-one substituted by 4-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)phenyl, methyl, and diethylamino groups at positions 3, 4 and 7, respectively. It is a thiol-reactive fluorescent dye.


FLUOROIMIDE

A maleimide that is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by chlorines and on the nitrogen by a p-fluorophenyl group. Previously used as a fungicide (now obsolete).


A member of the class of piperidines that is TEMPO carrying a maleimido group at position 4.


N-ethylmaleimide

A member of the class of  maleimides that is the N-ethyl derivative of maleimide.


An N-hydroxysuccinimide ester derived from 4-(N-maleimidomethyl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid.


An aza-steroid that is 3-O-methyl-17beta-estradiol in which the 17beta-hydroxy group is replaced by a 6-(maleimid-1-yl)hexylamino group. An inibitor of phospholipase C.


An L-cysteine derivative that results when maleimide reacts with the thiol group of L-cysteine forming a thioether bond.


glucuronoxylomannan

A linear (1->3)-linked mannan polysaccharide derivative substituted at the 2-O-positions by single residues of either xylose or glucuronic acid.


A glycosyl group consisting of five 4-N-formyl-D-rhamnosaminyl residues joined by alpha-(1->2)-linkages; corresponds to part of the A and M antigens from Brucella species.


arbutin

A monosaccharide derivative that is  hydroquinone attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4 via a glycosidic linkage.


genisteine

A quinolizidine alkaloid that is sparteine in which the hydrogen atom at position 6 is in the beta-configuration.


IPCONAZOLE

A member of the class of cyclopentanols carrying 1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl, 4-chlorobenzyl and isopropyl substituents at positions 1, 2 and 5 respectively. Used to control a range of seed diseases in rice, vegetables and other, mainly non-food, crops.


angelol-J

A member of the class of coumarins that is 7-methoxycoumarin in which the hydrogen at position 6 has been replaced by a 1-ethoxy-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutyl group (the R,R stereoisomer). Originally isolated from the roots of Angelica pubescens, angelol J shows strong inhibitory effects on human platelet aggregation.


A glycosylarabinose that is alpha-L-arabinopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted into the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside.


name: 4,5-dimethoxy-2-[(1-oxo-2-thiophen-2-ylethyl)amino]benzoic acid methyl ester


name: E. coli O5:K4:H4 O-specific polysaccharide

description: A polysaccharide-derived antigen composed of a backbone of linear tetrasaccharide-derivative repeating units that are joined to each other via alpha-(1->4)-linkages.


4-(butylamino)benzoic acid

4-Aminobenzoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a butyl group.


A member of the class of piperidines carrying two aryl substituents (4-chlorophenyl and 4-(pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl) at position 4.


name: 4-amino-2-[[2-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-2-oxoethyl]thio]-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester


A nitrotoluene that is 2-nitrotoluene carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 5.


A synthetic chiral mycolic acid analogue comprising 3-hydroxypropanoic acid having a tetracosanyl group at position 2 and a further long-chain alkyl group containing cyclopropyl, methoxy and methyl functions attached at position 3.


mycolic acid analogue

Any 3-hydroxy fatty acid that is a synthetic analogue of a mycolic acid.


A chiral mycolic acid analogue comprising 3-hydroxypropanoic acid having a tetracosanyl group at position 2 and a further long-chain alkyl group containing two cyclopropyl rings at position 3.


A chiral mycolic acid analogue comprising 3-hydroxypropanoic acid having a tetracosanyl group at position 2 and a further long-chain alkyl group containing cyclopropyl and keto functions attached at position 3.


A chiral mycolic acid analogue comprising 3-hydroxypropanoic acid having a tetracosanyl group at position 2 and a further long-chain alkyl group containing cyclopropyl and methoxy functions attached at position 3.


A chiral mycolic acid analogue comprising 3-hydroxypropanoic acid having a tetracosanyl group at position 2 and a further long-chain alkyl group containing cyclopropyl and hydroxy functions attached at position 3.


rac-tamulosin hydrochloride

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of tamulosin hydrochloride and its enantiomer, ent-tamulosin hydrochloride.


(RS)-mevalonate

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid comprising valeric acid having two hydroxy groups at the 3- and 5-positions together with a methyl group at the 3-position.


(S)-mevalonic acid

The (S)-enantiomer of mevalonic acid.


An alpha-amino-acid residue derived from N(6)-[(R)-S(8)-isobutyryldihydrolipoyl]-L-lysine.


dapdiamide B zwitterion

A peptide zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino terminus of dapdiamide B; major species at pH 7.3.


BISPYRIBAC

A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid substituted by (4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy groups at positions 2 and 6. Its sodium salt is used as a broad spectrum post emergent herbicide for the control of grasses, sedges and broadleaf weeds in rice crops.


5-methoxy-D-tryptophan zwitterion

A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino terminus of 5-methoxy-D-tryptophan; major species at pH 7.3.


TRIACSIN C

A nitroso compound that is N-undecylnitrous hydrazide carrying double bonds at positions 1,2,4, and 7. It is a long-chain fatty acyl CoA synthetase inhibitor and interferes with lipid metabolism by inhibiting the de novo synthesis of glycerolipids and cholesterol esters.


A secondary alcohol that is tridecane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4.


SID 26681509

A carbohydrazide that is L-tryptophan in which the amino and carboxy groups are substituted by tert-butoxycarbonyl and 2-({[2-(2-ethylanilino)-2-oxoethyl]sulfanyl}carbonyl)hydrazinyl groups, respectively. It is a potent and reversible inhibitor of human cathepsin L (IC50 = 56 nM).


CMP 3'-end residue

The 3'-end bound-monomer of a cytidylyl-5'-monophosphoric acid that is part of a nucleic acid.


A  1,3,4-oxadiazole substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group at position 2 and a 5-methyl-2-thienyl group at position 5.


METHAMIDOPHOS

An organic thiophosphate resulting from the N-deacylation of the proinsecticide acephate.


An oxime O-ether consisting of progesterone having an O-(carboxymethyl)oxime group at the 3-position and a hydroxy group at the 17alpha-position.


An acrylic polymer, composed of poly[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate] macromolecules.


A C-nitro compound that is the N-(4-nitrobenzyl),N-phosphonomethyl derivative of 5-aminovaleric acid.


An oligosaccharide phosphate consisting of a linear chain of beta-D-mannose, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues all linked (1->4), to the mannose residue of which are also linked (1->3) and (1->6) respectively a 6-O-phosphono-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl disaccharide unit and an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[6-O-phosphono-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-alpha-D-mannosyl branched trisaccharide unit.


lanostanoic acid

Any steroid acid based on a lanostane skeleton.


An amino trisaccharide consisting of beta-D-galactopyranose, 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose and beta-L-fucopyranose joined in sequence by (1->4) and (1->3) glycosidic bonds.


colforsin daropate(1+)

A tertiary ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of colforsin daropate, resulting from the protonation of the tertiary amine group. Major species at pH 7.3.


AMITROLE

A member of the class of triazoles that is 1H-1,2,4-triazole substituted by an amino group at position 3. Used to control annual grasses and aquatic weeds (but not on food crops because it causes cancer in laboratory animals). Its use within the EU was banned from September 2017 on the grounds of potential groundwater contamination and risks to aquatic life; there have also been concerns about its endocrine-disrupting properties.


name: 2-methyl-1-cyclopropanecarboxylic acid (7-bromo-4-oxo-2-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidinyl)methyl ester


An amino tetrasaccharide consisting of 2-acetamido-beta-D-galactopyranosyl, alpha-D-galactopyranosyl, beta-D-galactopyranosyl and beta-D-glucopyranosyl residues joined in sequence by (1->3) glycosidic bonds.


glycosyl group

An organic group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide or oligosaccharide derivative.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of  alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine


This group is attached to proteins when expressed in mammalian (PDB 6OHY) cells.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group having an N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl residue attached at the 4-position; obtained formally by removal of the hydroxy function from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.


A linear octasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of two glucosamine residues, one of which is N-acetylated, three glucuronic acid residues and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


An N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl group having an alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl moiety attached at the 4-position.


A branched tridecasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one sialyl residue, three galactosyl residues, three D-mannosyl residues and five N-acetylglucosamine residues, of which one is sulfated at position 6 and another is at the reducing end and commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


An alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->2)-alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc-yl group having beta-configuration at its point of attachment.


This group is attached to proteins when expressed in mammalian (PDB 6U7H, 6TYB) and fungal (PDB 6FJE) cells.


A branched eleven-residue glucosaminyl group consisting of a linear sequence of four D-mannosyl and two N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially alpha(1->2), alpha(1->2), alpha(1->3), beta(1->4) and beta(1->4), to the beta-D-mannosyl residue of which is also linked alpha(1->6) an alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Man branched pentasaccharide unit.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of 6-(2,6-bis[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]-alpha-D-mannosyl)-beta-D-mannose.


A branched twelve-residue glucosaminyl group consisting of a linear sequence of D-mannosyl and two N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially beta(1->4) and beta(1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which are linked alpha(1->3) and alpha(1->6) respectively an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->6)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear tetrasaccharide unit and a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)]-alpha-D-mannosyl branched pentasaccharide unit.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-galactosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl residue. Blood group type-IV A determinant.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which a  D-GlcNAc is linked alpha(1->3) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


A glycosyl group formed formally by loss of the hydroxy group from the anomeric carbon of   alpha-D-Rhap2,3-Me24NFo-(1->3)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo.


The N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group arising from deprotonation of the two carboxy groups of the beta-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,3-(beta-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,6)-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group; major species at pH 7.3.


A linear heptasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of two N-acetylglucosamine residues, two glucuronic acid residues and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which D-Gal is linked beta(1->3) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


A fucosyl group in which a beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc unit is linked beta(1->3) to an L-fucose group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine.


The glycosyl group formed formally by loss of the hydroxy group from the reducing-end anomeric carbon of alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->3)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group derived from N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)-[N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine.


A galactosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of the disaccharide alpha-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-galacturonic acid.


A linear octasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of two glucuronic acid residues, two glucosamine residues, both sulfated on nitrogen, one idouronic acid residue sulfated on O-2, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl group

An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group having beta-configuration at its point of attachment.


A branched heptasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of three D-mannosyl residues and four N-acetylglucosamine residues, one of which is at the reducing end and commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained formally by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-[beta-D-Xylp-(1->2)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc.


glucosaminyl group

A glycosaminyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a glucosamine and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having a glucosamine at the reducing end.


A linear heptasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of two N-acetylgalactosamine residues, one iduronic acid residue, one glucuronic acid residue and two galactosyl residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end.


arabinofuranosyl group

A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of an arabinofuranose and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having arabinofuranose at the reducing end.


A branched tridecasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one fucosyl residue, one sialyl residue, three galactosyl residues, three D-mannosyl residues and five N-acetylglucosamine residues, one of which is at the reducing end and commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A tetraarabinofuranosyl group consisting of four D-arabinofuranosyl residues linked sequentially beta(1->2), alpha(1->5), alpha(1->5) with the anomeric centre of the residue at the reducing end also having alpha stereochemistry; corresponds to part of the lipoarabinomannan from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group comprising one N-acetylated glucosamine and two galactose residues, linked as shown. A trisaccharide antigen found in all animals apart from Old World primates and humans, it is the main xenoantigen hampering the success of clinical xenotransplantation. Obtained formally by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of the amino trisaccharide alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.


An alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc-yl group having beta-configuration at its point of attachment.


A linear pentasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of one alpha-D-mannose group, two beta-D-mannose groups and an alpha-L-rhamnose linked to a beta-D-glucosyl residue at the reducing end.


A linear tetrasaccharide glycosyl group comprising, in a (1->4), (1->4), (1->3) sequence, a 4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-D-quinovose group and two 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-galacturonamidyl residues linked to a 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-quinovose residue at the reducing end.


A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of 4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose.


glucosyl group

A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a glucose and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having glucose at the reducing end.


A glycosyl group formed formally by loss of the hydroxy group from the anomeric carbon of alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo.


A branched trisaccharide beta-D-galactosyl group obtained by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-[alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)]-beta-D-galactose. Part of, and the proposed epitope of, blood group B antigen.


A beta-D-galactosyl disaccharide group formed by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-galactose.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-mannose.


A beta-D-galactosyl disaccharide group formed by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactose. Implied reactive epitope within lactosylceramide.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which beta-D-GlcNAc is linked beta(1->6) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


glycosaminyl group

A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a glycosamine and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having a glycosamine at the reducing end.


2-O-methyl-alpha-L-rhamnosyl group

A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of 2-O-methyl-alpha-L-rhamnose


A glycosyl group formed formally by loss of the hydroxy group from the reducing-end anomeric carbon of alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->3)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo.


A glucosaminyl group derived from beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-D-GalNAc. The precursor to the Sda antigen, a pentasaccharide structure on N- and O-glycoproteins


A disaccharide glycosyl group consisting of a 2,3-di-O-acetyl-6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-talosyl group linked 1->3 to a beta-D-glucosyl group; it forms the O-antigen terminal section of some of the lipopolysaccharides of Burkholderia pseudomallei and/or Burkholderia mallei, the etiologic agents of melioidosis and glanders, respectively.


galactosyl group

A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a galactose and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having galactose at the reducing end.


A beta-D-galactosyl disaccharide group formed by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactose.


A branched ten-residue glucosaminyl group consisting of a linear sequence of D-mannosyl and two N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially beta(1->4) and beta(1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which are linked alpha(1->3) and alpha(1->6) respectively an alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl branched tetrasaccharide unit and a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear trisaccharide unit.


di-antennary complex N-glycan group

Any complex N-glycan group that has not been fucosylated, and that has two branches with terminal HexNAc moiety. Precursor to tri- and tetra-antennary groups in glycosylation pathways of animal cells.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which a sialic acid residue (Neu5Ac) is linked alpha(2->3) to a galactose residue which is in turn linked beta(1->3) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


mannosyl groups

A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a mannose and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having mannose at the reducing end.


A branched undecasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of three galactosyl residues, three D-mannosyl residues and five N-acetylglucosamine residues, one of which is at the reducing end and commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A galactosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)]-D-galactose.


N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group with alpha-configuration at the reducing-end anomeric centre.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)]-beta-D-mannose.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which a second D-GalNAc is linked alpha(1->6) to the parent D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group having beta-configuration at its point of attachment and an N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl residue attached at the 4-position via a beta-linkage.


A branched eleven-residue glucosaminyl group consisting of a linear sequence of D-mannosyl and two N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially beta(1->4) and beta(1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which are linked alpha(1->3) and alpha(1->6) respectively a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)]-alpha-D-mannosyl branched pentasaccharide unit and a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear trisaccharide unit.


N-acetyl-D-mannosaminouronosyl group

A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-D-mannosaminouronic acid


A glucosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine.


The group obtained by removal of the anomeric hydroxyl group from beta-D-galactosyl-1,3-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,6)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-beta-D-galactose.


A mannosyl group derived from N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-mannose.


A linear trisaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3). Blood group type-I H determinant.


A tetrasaccharide beta-D-galactosyl group obtained by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactose. Part of, and the proposed epitope from, alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide (galactosylgloboside;GalGb4; Gb5Cer; SSEA-3).


A branched nonasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one galactosyl residue, three D-mannosyl residues and five N-acetylglucosamine residues, one of which is at the reducing end and commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained formally by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-L-Fucp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)]-D-GlcpNAc.


A branched ten-residue glucosaminyl group consisting of a linear sequence of two D-mannosyl and two N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially alpha(1->3), beta(1->4) and beta(1->4), to the mannosyl residue at the non-reducing end of which are linked beta(1->2) and beta(1->4) two N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->6)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl linear trisaccharide units.


A glycosyl group derived from beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->3)D-Gal. The Sda antigen, present on N- and O-glycoproteins.


A linear octasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of two glucuronic acid residues, two glucosamine residues, both sulfated on nitrogen, one idouronic acid residue, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A glycosyl group formed by loss of the hydroxy group from the anomeric carbon of 4-formamido-alpha-D-threo-pentopyranosyl-(1->3)-N-formyl-alpha-D-perosamine.


A mannosyl group derived from (1->2)-beta-D-mannohexaose.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of 2,4,6-tris(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)-alpha-D-mannose.


A glycosyl group derived from beta-D-mannopyranosyl-(1->2)-2-thio-beta-D-mannopyranosyl-(1->2)-2-thio-beta-D-mannopyranose


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of an N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl residue having a fucosyl residue attached at the 4-position via a beta-linkage and an alpha-fucosyl-(1->2)-galactosyl disaccharide unit attached at the 3-position, also via a beta-linkage.


A linear trisaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->4). Blood group type-II H determinant.


A mannosyl group derived from N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannose.


A glycosyl group consisting of five 4-N-formyl-D-rhamnosaminyl residues corresponding to part of the A and M antigens from Brucella species.


N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl group

The glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine. A proposed epitope of blood group A antigen.


xylosyl group

A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a xylose and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having xylose at the reducing end.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group consisting of a GlcNAc-yl residue at the reducing end with a Man-alpha(1->3)-[Man-alpha(1->6)]-Man-beta(1->4)-GlcNAc moiety attached via a beta-(1->4)-linkage and a Fuc residue attached via an alpha-(1->6)-linkage.