6-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methyl-1-hydroxypyridin-2(1H)-one


A chlorocatechol that is catechol in which the hydrogen adjacent to one of the hydroxy groups is replaced by a chlorine.


mitotic spindle pole body

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The microtubule organizing center that forms as part of the mitotic cell cycle; functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome.


old mitotic spindle pole body

description: The spindle pole body that exists in a cell prior to spindle pole body duplication. An old spindle pole body segregates to the daughter cell upon mitosis, and lacks active proteins involved in signaling exit from mitosis.


new mitotic spindle pole body

description: The spindle pole body that is formed by spindle pole body duplication, and to which proteins involved in mitotic exit signaling (for example, the septation initiation network in fission yeast) localize.


C8 beta-D-glycosyl N-acylsphingosine

A glycosylceramide in which the ceramide N-acyl group has eight carbons.


C8 beta-D-galactosyl N-acylsphingosine

A D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine in which the glycosidic bond has beta-configuration and the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as octanoyl.


C8 beta-D-glucosyl N-acylsphingosine

A beta-D-glucosylceramide in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as octanoyl.


An amino tetrasaccharide comprising a chain of 3-O-sulfo-beta-D-glucuronic acid, beta-D-galactose, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and alpha-D-mannose residues linked sequentially (1->3), (1->4) and (1->2).


procyclidine

A tertiary alcohol that consists of propan-1-ol substituted by a cyclohexyl and a phenyl group at position 1 and a pyrrolidin-1-yl group at position 3.


astressin

A 30-membered homodetic cyclic peptide comprising the sequence D-Phe-His-Leu-Leu-Arg-Glu-Val-Leu-Glu-Nle-Ala-Arg-Ala-Glu-Gln-Leu-Ala-Gln-Glu-Ala-His-Lys-Asn-Arg-Lys-Leu-Nle-Glu-Ile-Ile-NH2 cyclised by an amide bridge, formed by condensation of the side-chain carboxy group of the Glu residue at position 19 and the side-chain amino group of the Lys residue at position 22.


name: 4-[[2-[(6-methyl-4-oxo-1H-pyrimidin-2-yl)thio]-1-oxoethyl]amino]benzoic acid ethyl ester


(R)-beta-alanopine

The N-(2-carboxyethyl) derivative of L-alanine.


tetramine

Any polyamine that contains four amino groups.


An optically active tetramine epitope consisting of three separate amino substituents attached to a central carbon.


methoctramine

A tetramine that is N,N'-bis(6-aminohexyl)octane-1,8-diamine where the primary amino groups both carry 2-methoxybenzyl substituents.


elemental lithium

An element in the hydrogen group of the periodic table with atomic number 3, atomic mass 6.94, M.P. 180.50 C, and B.P. 1330 C.


A 4-O-[(E)-2-methyl-2-butenoyl]ascaroside derived from (2E,8R)-8-hydroxynon-2-enoic acid. It is a metabolite of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.


spiramide

An azaspiro compound that consists of 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decan-4-one having a phenyl group attached to N-1 and a 3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl attached to N-8. Selective 5-HT antagonist, which binds to 5-HT2 sites as potently as spiperone but has lower affinity for 5-HT2C receptors. Also a high affinity D2 receptor antagonist (Ki = 3 nM). Lacks the disruptive effect of spiperone on animal behaviour.


A polyester polymer composed of repeating composed of repeating (R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl units.


A member of the class of N-acetylneuraminic acids that is alpha-neuraminic acid which has acetylated on N-5 and O-9.


acrovestone

A polyphenol that is isolated from Acronychia pedunculata and exhibits moderate antioxidant and antityrosinase activities.


A 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium in which the alkyl substituent at C-1 is octyl.


2-heptenoic acid

A heptenoic acid with the double bond at position 2.


(2Z)-3-bromohept-2-enoic acid

A hept-2-enoic acid carrying a bromo- substituent at C-3.


(E)-hept-2-enoic acid

A 2-heptenoic acid having the trans configuration.


cis-2-heptenoic acid

A 2-heptenoic acid having the cis configuration.


A beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphinganine in which the acyl group specified is docosanoyl.


A neutral glycosphingolipid comprising a tetrasaccharide unit, alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Gal-(1->6)-alpha-D-GlcN-(1->4)-alpha-D-GlcA, attached to a (13Z)-3-hydroxy-2-{[(2S)-2-hydroxytetradecanoyl]amino}icos-13-en-1-yl lipid group.


heparin glucosamine 3-O-sulfate

A sulfated glycosaminoglycan comprising heparin glucosamine that is randomly sulfated at position 3.


A mannotetraose in which the four mannose units are joined by sequential beta-(1->2)-, alpha-(1->2)- and alpha-(1->2)-linkages.


methyl salicylate

A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of salicylic acid.


dihydroxycinnamic acid hexoside

The hydroxyl functionalities could be either on C2 and C4 positions of the aromatic ring (as in 2-hydroxy-p-coumaric acid) or on the C3 and C4 positions (as in caffeic acid).


nucleobase analogue

A molecule that can substitute for a normal nucleobase in nucleic acids.


A nucleobase analogue that is uracil substituted with a (3-hydroxypropyl)amino group at position 6 and an (E)-(2-oxopropylidene)amino group at position 5; one of 20 modifications to the potent microbial riboflavin-based metabolite antigen 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-D-ribityl aminouracil (5-OP-RU), an activator of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells when presented by the MR1 protein (reported in MED:32123373).


A member of the class of 6-aminopurinnes that is adenine in which one of the exocyclic amino hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.


A pyrimidone that is cytosine bearing an N(4)-acetyl substituent.


The parent compound of the 2-aminopurines, comprising a purine core carrying an amino substituent at the 2-position.


A nucleobase analogue that is adenine in which one of the exocyclic amino hydrogens is replaced by a carbamoylmethyl group.


allopurinol

A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.


A pyrimidone that is uracil with methyl group substituents at positions 1 and 5.


A pyrimidone that is uracil with a methyl group substituent at position 1.


A methylthymine in which the methyl group is located at the O4-position.


A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. Used mainly as an experimental mutagen.


A triazolopyrimidine that consists of 3,6-dihydro-7H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine bearing amino and oxo substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively.


A nucleobase analogue that is uracil substituted at positions 5 and 6 by hydroxy groups.


A pyrimidone that is uracil with a methyl group at position 3.


5-fluoroorotic acid

A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic that is orotic acid which is substituted by fluorine at position 5. It is used in yeast molecular genetics to detect expression of the URA3 gene, which encodes orotine-5'-monophosphate dicarboxylase. A yeast with and active URA3 gene converts 5-fluoroorotic acid to fluorodeoxyuridine, which is toxic to cells.


A nucleobase analogue that is uracil substituted with a (1,4-dideoxy-D-ribityl)amino group at position 6 and an (E)-(2-oxopropylidene)amino group at position 5; one of 20 modifications to the potent microbial riboflavin-based metabolite antigen 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-D-ribityl aminouracil (5-OP-RU), an activator of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells when presented by the MR1 protein (reported in MED:32123373).


methylthymine

A pyrimidone that is thymine bearing a single methyl substituent.


thiouracil

A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the oxo group at C-2 is replaced by a thioxo group.


A 6-alkylaminopurine that is adenine where one of the hydrogens of the amino group is replaced by a hydroxymethyl group.


A 2,6-diaminopurine that is the N(6)-hydroxy derivative of 2,6-diamino-3H-purine.


A nucleobase analogue that is uracil substituted with a (1-deoxy-D-ribityl)methyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxobut-1-en-1-yl group at position 5; one of 20 modifications to the potent microbial riboflavin-based metabolite antigen 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-D-ribityl aminouracil (5-OP-RU), an activator of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells when presented by the MR1 protein (reported in MED:32123373).


An oxopurine that is adenine bearing a single oxo substituent at position 8.


A triazolopyrimidine that consists of 1,4-dihydro-7H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine bearing an oxo substituent at position 7.


A pyrimidone that is uracil with methyl group substituents at positions 3 and 5.


A pyrimidone resulting from the formal oxidation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 5-hydroxymethyluracil to the corresponding aldehyde. It is a major one-electron photooxidation product of thymine in oligodeoxynucleotides.


A nucleobase analogue that is uracil substituted with a (1,2-dideoxy-D-ribityl)amino group at position 6 and an (E)-(2-oxopropylidene)amino group at position 5; one of 20 modifications to the potent microbial riboflavin-based metabolite antigen 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-D-ribityl aminouracil (5-OP-RU), an activator of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells when presented by the MR1 protein (reported in MED:32123373).


A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.


A nucleobase analogue that is adenine bearing a single hydroxy substituent at position 8.


A nucleobase analogue that is uracil substituted with a (5-hydroxypentyl)amino group at position 6 and an (E)-(2-oxopropylidene)amino group at position 5; one of 20 modifications to the potent microbial riboflavin-based metabolite antigen 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-D-ribityl aminouracil (5-OP-RU), an activator of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells when presented by the MR1 protein (reported in MED:32123373).


A nucleobase analogue that is uracil substituted at position 5 by a 4,5-dihydroxypentyl group.


A nucleobase analogue that is uracil substituted with a (4-hydroxybutyl)amino group at position 6 and an (E)-(2-oxopropylidene)amino group at position 5; one of 20 modifications to the potent microbial riboflavin-based metabolite antigen 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-D-ribityl aminouracil (5-OP-RU), an activator of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells when presented by the MR1 protein (reported in MED:32123373).


A nucleobase analogue that is uracil substituted with a (1,5-dideoxy-D-ribityl)amino group at position 6 and an (E)-(2-oxopropylidene)amino group at position 5; one of 20 modifications to the potent microbial riboflavin-based metabolite antigen 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-D-ribityl aminouracil (5-OP-RU), an activator of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells when presented by the MR1 protein (reported in MED:32123373).


A nucleobase analogue that is cytosine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by a hydroxymethyl group.


A nucleobase analogue that is uracil substituted with a methyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxobut-1-en-1-yl group at position 5; one of 20 modifications to the potent microbial riboflavin-based metabolite antigen 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-D-ribityl aminouracil (5-OP-RU), an activator of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells when presented by the MR1 protein (reported in MED:32123373).


beta-D-arabinopyranose

A D-arabinopyranose with beta-configuration at the anomeric position.


N-octadecanoylglycine

A fatty acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of octadecanoic acid with the amino group of glycine.


emeraldine macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of aniline units linked by alternating imine and amine bonds.


A mononitrotoluene carrying a nitro group at position 3.


largamide D

A 19-membered cyclodepsipeptide isolated from the marine cyanobacterium Oscillatoria sp. It exhibits significant inhibitory activity against the enzyme chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1).


Conjugate base of bhas#12


QUINOXYFEN

A member of the class of quinolines carrying two chloro substituents at positions 5 and 7 together with a 4-fluorophenoxy substituent at position 4. A fungicide used mainly to control powdery mildew in cereals.


LOMITAPIDE MESYLATE

A methanesulfonate (mesylate) salt prepared from equimolar amounts of lomitapide and methanesulfonic acid. Used as a complement to a low-fat diet and other lipid-lowering treatments in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.


Any member of the class of catechols that is catechol in which the hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by an all-trans-polyprenyl group.


A 3-(all-trans-polyprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol in which the substituent at position 3 is an all-trans-nonaprenyl moiety.


A 3-(all-trans-polyprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol in which the substituent at position 3 is an all-trans-octaprenyl moiety.


A 3-(all-trans-polyprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol in which the substituent at position 3 is an all-trans-decaprenyl moiety.


LYCORINE

An  indolizidine alkaloid that is 3,12-didehydrogalanthan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions and 2 and a methylenedioxy group across positions 9 and 10. Isolated from Crinum asiaticum, it  has been shown to exhibit antimalarial activity.


N-icosanoylglycine

A N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as icosanoyl.


Gram-negative-bacterium-type cell wall

description: The peptidoglycan layer of the Gram-negative cell envelope. In Gram-negative cells the peptidoglycan is relatively thin (1-2nm) and is linked to the outer membrane by lipoproteins. In Gram-negative cells the peptidoglycan is too thin to retain the primary stain in the Gram staining procedure and therefore cells appear red after Gram stain.


A macromolecule composed of repeating naphthalene-1,4-diyl units.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 16 carbons and 2 double bonds.


(R)-methylmalonyl-CoA

The (R)-enantiomer of methylmalonyl-CoA.


saracatinib

A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by (5-chloro-2H-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)amino, (oxan-4-yl)oxy and 2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)ethoxy groups at positions 4, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a dual inhibitor of the tyrosine kinases c-Src and Abl (IC50 = 2.7 and 30 nM, respectively). Saracatinib was originally developed by AstraZeneca for the treatment of cancer but in 2019 it was granted orphan drug designation by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a type of lung disease that results in scarring (fibrosis) of the lungs.


A member of the class of pyrrolecarboxamides that is 1H-pyrrole substituted by [1-(3a,7a-dihydro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl]methyl, (4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)carbonyl, and naphthalen-1-yl groups at positions 1, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of Ras farnesyltransferase (IC50= 0.9nM against H-Ras and 2.4nM against K-Ras) with potential anticancer activity.


entrectinib

A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole substituted by [4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ylamino)benzoyl]amino and 3,5-difluorobenzyl groups at positions 3 and 5, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of TRKA, TRKB, TRKC, ROS1, and ALK (IC50 values of 0.1 to 1.7 nM), and used for the treatment of NTRK, ROS1 and ALK gene fusion-positive solid tumours.


A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine substituted by (pyridin-3-yl)aminocarbonyl, amino, and 4-(4-methylpiperazine-1-sulfonyl)phenyl groups at positions 2, 3 and 6, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of GSK3alpha and GSK3beta (IC50 values of 0.9 and 4.9 nM, respectively) and increases bone mass (via Wnt activation) in rats.


A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 5-{[(5-tert-butyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}-1,3-thiazol-2-amine. A CDKL2 inhibitor (Kd = 63nM).


amocarzine

A thiourea resulting from the formal condensation of the secondary amino group of 1-methylpiperazine and the primary amino group of N-(4-nitrophenyl)benzene-1,4-diamine with carbonothioic O,O-acid.


d5-PMMA macromolecule

A macromolecule composed of repeating methyl methacrylate units in which the five hydrogen atoms on the methacrylate moiety have been replaced by deuterium atoms.


An N-acylamino acid that consists of 6-aminohexanoic acid bearing an N-(3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)acetyl substituent.


A member of the class of furans that is furan substituted by propyl, carboxy and hydroxymethyl groups at positions 2, 3 and 4, respectively. It is an inducer of antibiotic biosynthesis in Streptomyces species.


alpha-L-fructofuranose

A L-fructofuranose with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.


beta-L-fructofuranose

A L-fructofuranose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.


L-fructofuranose

The L-enantiomer of fructofuranose.


beta-L-fructopyranose

A L-fructopyranose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.


L-fructopyranose

The L-enantiomer of fructopyranose.


An organic anionic group obtained by deprotonation of the diphosphate OH groups of N-(ADP-alpha-D-ribosyl)diphthamide residue.


(S)-bambuterol hydrochloride

The hydrochloride salt of (S)-bambuterol.


A butynediol that is but-2-yne substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 4.


butynediol

Any acetylenic compound that is butyne substituted by two hydroxy groups at unspecified positions.


An L-cysteine thioether that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen of the thiol group is substituted by a 2,3-bis(palmitoyloxy)propyl group.


L-cysteine substituted at sulfur by a 2-boronoethyl group.


S-(acetaldehyde)-L-cysteine zwitterion

Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


S-ethyl-L-cysteine

A S-alkyl-L-cysteine that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen of the thiol group is substituted by an ethyl group.


An S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine in which the dichlorovinyl group has trans- (E-) geometry.


An S-substituted L-cysteine in which the thiol hydrogen of L-cysteine has been replaced by a 9-(methylthio)nonylhydroximoyl group.


felinine

A cysteine thioether that is the S-(4-hydroxy-2-methylbutan-2-yl) derivative of L-cysteine. It is a major component of the urine of the domestic cat.


An S-farnesyl-L-cysteine where the C=C double bonds at the 2- and 6-positions both have (E)-configuration.


An L-tyrosine derivative that is L-DOPA in which the hydrogen at position 2 on the phenyl ring is replaced by a cysteinyl group. Found in the urine of patients with melanoma.


An L-alpha-amino acid that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen attached to the sulfur is replaced by a 1,2-dichlorovinyl group.


An L-tyrosine derivative that is L-DOPA in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 on the phenyl ring are replaced by cysteinyl groups. Found in the urine of patients with melanoma.


An S-substituted L-cysteine where the S-substituent is specified as (2-hydroxyethyl)sulfane.


LACTACYSTIN

L-Cysteine substituted at nitrogen by an acetyl group and at sulfur by a substituted-lactam carbonyl group.


S-polyprenyl-L-cysteine

An S-hydrocarbyl-L-cysteine in which the hydrocarbyl component can be any polyprenyl group.


L-Cys(IAN)

An S-conjugate that is the S-cyano(1H-indol-3-yl)methyl derivative of L-cysteine.


N-acetyl-L-thialysine

An L-cysteine thioether resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of acetic acid with the amino group of L-thialysine.


L-thialysinium

Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


S-phospho-L-cysteine

A phosphoamino acid consisting of L-cysteine carrying an S-phospho substituent.


S-methylcysteine

A cysteine derivative that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen attached to the sulfur is replaced by a methyl group.


An S-substituted L-cysteine where the S-substituent is specified as trisulfanyl.


An S-substituted L-cysteine where the S-substituent is specified as sulfanyl.


S-allylcysteine zwitterion

An L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of S-allylcysteine. Major species at pH 7.3.


L-cysteine sulphinic acid

The organosulfinic acid arising from oxidation of the sulfhydryl group of L-cysteine.


An L-cysteine thioether that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen of the thiol group has been replaced by a 1,2-dicarboxyethyl group. It is a chemical modification which occurs in tissue proteins and formed by a Michael addition of cysteine to fumaric acid.


cysteine tryptophylquinone

An L-tryptophan derivative that is L-tryptophan-6,7-dione in which a cysteine unit is attached at position 4 via its side-chain thiol group.


An L-cysteine thioether that is S-(2E,6E)-farnesyl-L-cysteine bearing a hydroxy substituent on the pro-Z-methyl group at the 12-position.


carbocisteine

An L-cysteine thioether that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen of the thiol group has been replaced by a carboxymethyl group.


S-farnesyl-L-cysteine

An S-polyprenyl-L-cysteine where the polyprenyl moiety is specified as farnesyl.


L-cysteine thioether

Any L-cysteine derivative obtained by conversion of the thiol group into a sulfide.


An L-cysteine thioether in which the thiol hydrogen is replaced by a (1R,2S)-2-hydroxy-1-phosphonopropyl group


L-thialysine

A cysteine derivative that is the S-(2-aminoethyl) analogue of L-cysteine; reported to have cytotoxic effects.


An S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine in which the dichlorovinyl group has cis- (Z-) geometry.


S-geranylgeranyl-L-cysteine

An S-polyprenyl-L-cysteine where the polyprenyl moiety is specified as geranylgeranyl.


cinnamycin

A type B lantibiotic consisting of a 19 amino acid tetracyclic polypeptide produced by Streptomyces cinnamoneus.


cephradine

A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.


4'-hydroxy torasemide

A member of the class of phenols that is torasemide which carries a hydroxy group at position 4' of the phenyl ring. It is a metabolite of torasemide.


An optically active 9-(phosphonooxy)-10-hydroxy derivative of stearic acid with (9S,10S)-configuration.


imipenem zwitterion

Zwitterionic form of imipenem having an anionic carboxy group and a protonated methaneimidamido group; major species at pH 7.3.


2,3-dideoxy-beta-D-ribose 5-phosphate

A 2,3-dideoxyribose phosphate that is the 2,3-dideoxy analogue of beta-D-ribofuranose 5-phosphate.


DEXAMISOLE

A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has R configuration.


iron(3+) sulfides

Any member of the class of iron sulfides in which the iron is in the (3+) oxidation state.


iron(3+) sulfide

A member of the class of iron(3+) sulfides that has formula Fe2S3. A black powder, it decomposes at room temperature to give iron(2+) chloride, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur.


greigite

An iron sulfide mineral with formula Fe3S4.


arsenopyrite

A sulfide mineral with formula AsFeS. It is the most abundant and widespread arsenic mineral.


chondramide A

A chondramide that is chondramide C in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 2 of the beta-tyrosine residue is replaced by a methoxy group. It is produced by strains of the myxobacterium, Chondromyces crocatus.


chondramide B

A chondramide that is chondramide A in which the hydrogen at position 2 of the indole moiety has been replaced by a chlorine. It is produced by strains of the myxobacterium, Chondromyces crocatus.


chondramide D

A chondramide that is chondramide C in which the hydrogen at position 2 of the indole moiety is replaced by a chlorine.  It is produced by strains of the myxobacterium, Chondromyces crocatus.


chondramide C

A chondramide formally obtained from N-[(2S,4E,6R,7R)-7-hydroxy-2,4,6-trimethyloct-4-enoyl]-L-alanyl-Nalpha-methyl-D-tryptophanyl-beta-R-beta-tyrosine by intramolecular condensation of the alcoholic hydroxy group with the carboxy group of the beta-tyrosine residue. It is produced by strains of the myxobacterium, Chondromyces crocatus.


name: Vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymer


(R)-penflufen

5-fluoro-1,3-dimethyl-N-[2-(4-methylpentan-2-yl)phenyl]pyrazole-4-carboxamide that is the (R)-enantiomer of penflufen.


peroxyphosphate

A trivalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of all three protons from peroxyphosphoric acid.


TERNSTROSIDE A

A  beta-D-glucoside with 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethoxy residue at the anomeric position and a [(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetyl]oxy residue at position 2. Isolated from Ternstroemia japonica, it exhibits antioxidant activity.


alpha-L-Fucp-(1->2)-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-D-Glcp6S in which the anomeric configuration of the 6-O-sulfo-D-glucose residue at the reducing end is beta.


A linear trisaccharide derivative that consists of alpha-L-fucose, beta-D-galactose and 6-sulfated D-glucose units connected in sequence by (1->2) and (1->4) links, respectively.


beflubutamid

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-beflubutamid. An inhibitor of carotenoid biosynthesis, it is used for the pre- and early post-emergence control of broad-leaved weeds in a variety of cereal crops. The (-)-enantiomer has at least 1000 times higher herbicidal activity than the (+)-enantiomer.


A lysophosphatidylethanolamine zwitterion in which the remaining acyl group (position not specified) contains 26 carbons and 0 double bonds.


recycling endosome lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the membranes of a recycling endosome.


Tnp-Gln

An L-alpha-amino acid that is L-glutamine substituted at the alpha-nitrogen by a 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl group.


An oxoicosatetraenoic acid that consists of (5Z,7E,11Z,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid with the oxo substituent located at position 9.


oxoicosatetraenoic acid

Any C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having four double bonds and at least one oxo group.


An oxoicosatetraenoic acid in which the oxo group is located at position 8 and the four double bonds at position 5, 9, 11 and 14 (the 5Z,9E,11Z,14Z-geoisomer).


A polybromodiphenyl ether that is diphenyl ether in which the hydrogens at the 2, 4, 6, 2', and 4' positions have been replaced by bromines.


A member of the class of furopyridines that is furo[2,3-b]pyridine substituted by a 4-carboxy-3-cyclopentylphenyl group at position 3 and by a 3-methylphenyl group at position 5. It is an inhibitor of CAMKK2 kinase (IC50 = 30nM).


A substituted diphenylfuran in which two amino[(1-methylbutyl)amino]methyl substituents are located at the two para-positions on the phenyl rings.


An O-acyl carbohydrate that is beta-D-glucose bearing a trans-4-coumaroyl substituent at position 4.


CHAETOMUGILIN A

An azaphilone isolated from Chaetomium globosum and has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against the brine shrimp (Artemia salina) and Mucor miehei.


verbascoside

A glycoside that is the alpha-L-rhamnosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucoside of hydroxytyrosol in which the hydroxy group at position 4 of the glucopyranosyl moiety has undergone esterification by formal condensation with trans-caffeic acid.


name: Benzyl glycinate 4-methylbenzenesulfonate salt


An aldehyde resulting from the oxidation of the primary hydroxy group of paromamine to the corresponding aldehyde.


name: 4-[1-[(4-methyl-2-oxo-1-benzopyran-7-yl)amino]-3-oxo-1H-isoindol-2-yl]-1-piperidinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester


A member of the class of imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]oxazines in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a nitro group and in which the oxazine ring is fully saturated.


A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the two amino hydrogens at position N-5 are replaced by a hexamethylene moiety, resulting in the formation of an azepane ring.


2-methylglutaric acid

An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is glutaric acid substituted at position 2 by a methyl group.


chromium(3+) trichloride

A chromium chloride with the chromium cation in the +3 oxidation state.


An amino disaccharide consisting of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine having a beta-D-glucuronosyl residue attached at the 3-position.


cinnamic acid

A monocarboxylic acid that consists of acrylic acid bearing a phenyl substituent at the 3-position. It is found in Cinnamomum cassia.


cis-cinnamic acid

The Z (cis) isomer of cinnamic acid


(S)-orciprenaline sulfate

An alkylammonium sulfate obtained by combining (S)-orciprenaline and sulfuric acid in a 2:1 ratio.


amantadine sulfate

An alkylammonium sulfate salt obtained by combining amantadine and sulfuric acid in a 2:1 ratio. Used as an antiviral and antiparkinson drug.


(R)-orciprenaline sulfate

An alkylammonium sulfate obtained by combining (R)-orciprenaline and sulfuric acid in a 2:1 ratio.


A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 40 carbons in total with 1 double bond.


Thiazolines containing a C=N double bond between the carbon atom 2 and the nitrogen atom.


poly(p-phenylene ethynylene) polymer

A polphenylene ethynylene polymer, composed of poly(p-phenylene ethynylene) macromolecules.


A member of the class of  pyrroles that is 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrole substituted by a 9-methyl-8,10-dioxodec-2-en-10-yl group at the nitrogen atom. Isolated from Penicillium citrinum and Penicillium brevicompactum, it exhibits antifungal activity.


A beta-D-glucoside that is the 2-aminoethyl glycoside of a trisaccharide consisting of beta-D-glucuronosyl, beta-D-glucosyl and beta-D-glucuronosyl residues linked sequentially (1->4) and (1->3).


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 22 carbons and 0 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


polyurethane polymer

A homopolymer, composed of polyurethane macromolecules.


A platinum coordination entity consisting of 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline and 1S,2S-diaminocyclohexane moieties bound via their nitrogen atoms to a central platinum atom.


An N(2)-carboxyethylguanosine where the N(2)-carboxyethyl group has (R)-configuration.


(S)-metalaxyl

A methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alaninate that is the less active S-enantiomer of metalaxyl.


zinc cation

Any zinc ion that is positively charged.


name: 4-[5-[[(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)amino]methyl]-2-furanyl]benzoic acid methyl ester


Intermediate in milk oligosaccharide biosynthesis


An organochlorine compound that is pyridine substituted at position 2 by a chloromethyl group.


galactomannan

A heteroglycan consisting of a mannan backbone with galactose side groups.


stomach enteroendocrine cell

category: biolink:Cell biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The various hormone- or neurotransmitter-secreting cells present throughout the mucosa of the stomach.


A 9-HOTrE consisting of (10E,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoic acid in which the 9-hydroxy group has S-configuration.


A hydroxyoctadecatrienoic acid that consists of 10E,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoic acid bearing an additional 9-hydroxy substituent.


pizotifen malate

A malate salt resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of pizotifen and malic acid. A sedating antihistamine with strong serotonin antagonist and weak antimuscarinic activity, it is used for the treatment of migraine and the prevention of headache attacks during cluster periods.


malate salt

Salts of malic acid.


ALMOTRIPTAN MALATE

The malate salt of almotriptan.


CABOZANTINIB S-MALATE

A malate salt that is the mono-(S)-malate salt of cabozantinib. A multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, used for the treatment of progressive, metastatic, medullary thyroid cancer.


A beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphingosine in which the acyl group specified is (17Z)-hexacosenoyl.


thiencarbazone-methyl

An N-sulfonylurea in which the sulfur atom is attached to a 4-(methoxycarbonyl)-2-methylthiophen-3-yl group and in which the non-sulfonated nitrogen is substituted by a 3-methoxy-4-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group. It is a herbicide used for the selective control of grasses and broadleaf weeds primarily in corn.


A C78 mycolic acid having a C54 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C24 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


D-tyrosine

An optically active form of tyrosine having D-configuration.


S-palmitoyl-L-cysteine

A palmitoyl-L-cysteine in which the palmitoyl group is attached to the sulfur via a thioester linkage.


N-palmitoyl-L-cysteine

A palmitoyl-L-cysteine in which the palmitoyl group is attached to the nitrogen via an amide linkage.


alpha-D-galactosamine 1-phosphate

A D-galactosamine 1-phosphate in which the anomeric centre has alpha configuration.


A 7-methylguanine that is 1,2,3,7-tetrahydro-6H-purin-6-one substituted by an imino group at position 2 and a methyl group at position 7.


A methylguanine that is guanine substituted by a methyl group at position 7. It is a metabolite obtained during the methylation of DNA.


A 7-methylguanine that is 7H-purine substituted by an amino group at position 2, a methyl group at position 7 and a hydroxy group at position 6.


A 7-methylguanine that is 1,7-dihydro-6H-purin-6-one substituted by an amino group at position 2 and a methyl group at position 7.


Recombinant Visfatin

Recombinant Human Visfatin is a 52.6 kDa protein containing 466 amino acid residues (isoform 1). AA Sequence:MPPNTSKVYS YFECREKKTE NSKLRKVKYE ETVFYGLQYI LNKYLKGKVV TKEKIQEAKD VYKEHFQDDV FNEKGWNYIL EKYDGHLPIE IKAVPEGFVI PRGNVLFTVE NTDPECYWLT NWIETILVQS WYPITVATNS REQKKILAKY LLETSGNLDG LEYKLHDFGY RGVSSQETAG IGASAHLVNF KGTDTVAGLA LIKKYYGTKD PVPGYSVPAA EHSTITAWGK DHEKDAFEHI VTQFSSVPVS VVSDSYDIYN ACEKIWGEDL RHLIVSRSTQ APLIIRPDSG NPLDTVLKVL EILGKKFPVT ENSKGYKLLP PYLRVIQGDG VDINTLQEIV EGMKQKMWSI ENIAFGSGGG LLQKLTRDLL NCSFKCSYVV TNGLGINVFK DPVADPNKRS KKGRLSLHRT PAGNFVTLEE GKGDLEEYGQ DLLHTVFKNG KVTKSYSFDE IRKNAQLNIE LEAAHH


virensol A

An aromatic primary alcohol that is phenol in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3 and 4 are replaced by hydroxymethyl, (1E,3E,5E)-undeca-1,3,5-trien-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively.


A disaccharide that is D-glucopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted into the corresponding alpha-L-fucopyranoside.


A glycosylglucose consisting of beta-D-xylopyranose and D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->4) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylglucose consisting of beta-D-xylofuranose and beta-D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->6) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylglucose consisting of alpha-D-galactopyranose and D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->3) glycosidic bond.


An alpha-L-Fucp-(1->6)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has alpha configuration.


nigerose

A glycosylglucose consisting of D-glucose with undefined anomeric stereochemistry and an alpha-D-glucosyl residue attached at the 3-position.


An alpha-L-Fucp-(1->6)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has beta configuration.


A glucosylglucose consisting of beta-L-fucopyranose and alpha-D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->3) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylglucose consisting of an alpha-L-arabinopyranose residue and a beta-D-glucopyranose residue joined in sequence by a (1->2) glycosidic bond.


A beta-D-Galp-(1->3)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has alpha configuration.


A beta-D-Galp-(1->3)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has beta configuration.


beta-allolactose

The beta-stereoisomer of allolactose.


gentiobiose

A glycosylglucose consisting of two D-glucopyranose units connected by a beta-(1->6)-linkage.


A glycosylglucose that is alpha-D-glucopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has been glycosylated by an alpha-L-fucopyranosyl group.


A beta-D-Galp-(1->2)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has beta configuration.


CELLOBIOSE

A cellobiose with beta configuration at the reducing-end glucose residue.


alpha-allolactose

The alpha-stereoisomer of allolactose.


A disaccharide that is beta-D-glucopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been converted into the corresponding alpha-L-arabinopyranoside.


cellobiose

A glycosylglucose consisting of two glucose units linked via a beta(1->4) bond.


A disaccharide that is D-glucopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been glycosylated by an alpha-D-xylopyranosyl group.


An alpha-L-Fucp-(1->2)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has beta configuration.


A glycosylglucose consisting of beta-D-galactopyranose and D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->2) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylglucose in which the glycosyl moiety is L-rhamnose linked alpha to C-6 of D-glucose.


A glycosylglucose consisting of an alpha-D-xylopyranose residue and a F-glucopyranose residue joined in sequence by a (1->3) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylglucose consisting of a beta-D-xylopyranose residue and an alpha-D-glucopyranose residue joined in sequence by a (1->6) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylglucose consisting of beta-L-fucopyranose and alpha-D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->4) glycosidic bond.


A beta-D-Xylp-(1->6)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has beta configuration.


A glycosylglucose consisting of a beta-L-fucosyl residue and an alpha-D-glucopyranose residue joined in sequence by a (1->6) glycosidic bond.


maltose

A maltose that has beta-configuration at the reducing end anomeric centre.


A disaccharide that is beta-D-glucopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted into the corresponding alpha-D-xylopyranoside.


A beta-D-Xylp-(1->4)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has beta configuration.


lactose

The alpha-anomer of lactose.


beta-lactose

The beta-anomer of lactose.


A glycosylglucose where the glycosyl component is D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptopyranose attached via an alpha-(1->6)-linkage; the epitope of the lipooligosaccharide isolated from Haemophilus ducreyi strain ITM 2665.


A beta-D-Galp-(1->2)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hyoxy group has alpha configuration.


A glycosylglucose consisting of a beta-D-galactopyranose residue and a D-glucopyranose residue joined in sequence by a (1->3) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylglucose consisting of beta-D-xylopyranose and D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->2) glycosidic bond.


beta-gentiobiose

A glycosylglucose in which two beta-D-glucose residues are linked (1->6).


allolactose

A glycosylglucose consisting of galactose and glucose units linked through a 1-6 glycosidic linkage.


A glycosylglucose consisting of alpha-L-fucopyranose and D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->6) glycosidic bond.


A disaccharide consisting of beta-D-xylopyranose and D-glucopyranose joined in sequence by a (1->6) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylglucose in which an alpha-D-glucopyranose residue is linked to a D-glucopyranose residue by a (1->2) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylglucose in which the glycosyl moiety is L-rhamnose linked alpha to C-3 of beta-D-glucose.


beta-melibiose

A melibiose that has beta-configuration at the anomeric hydroxy group.


alpha-maltose

A maltose that has alpha-configuration at the reducing end anomeric centre.


A glycosylglucose consisting of a beta-D-xylopyranose residue and a D-glucopyranose residue joined in sequence by a (1->3) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylglucose consisting of beta-L-fucopyranose and alpha-D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->2) glycosidic bond.


A beta-D-Xylp-(1->3)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has beta configuration.


An alpha-L-Fucp-(1->2)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has alpha configuration.


A glycosylglucose consisting of an beta-L-fucopyranose residue and a beta-D-glucopyranose residue joined in sequence by a (1->2) glycosidic bond.


melibiose

A glycosylglucose formed by an alpha-(1->6)-linkage between D-galactose and D-glucose.


A disaccharide compound comprising a D-apiofuranosyl residue joined to D-glucopyranose via a beta-1,6-linkage.


rutinose

A glycosylglucose in which the glycosyl moiety is L-rhamnose linked alpha to C-6 of D-glucose.


A alpha-D-Glcp-(1->2)-D-Glcpglycosylglucose in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has alpha configuration.


sophorose

A glycosylglucose that is D-glucopyranose attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl unit at position 2 via a glycosidic linkage.


A glycosylglucose consisting of alpha-D-galactopyranose and alpha-D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->6) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylglucose consisting of alpha-L-arabinopyranose and beta-D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->4) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylglucose comprising beta-D-glucose having a D-galactosyl residue at the 4-position.


An alpha-D-Xylp-(1->6)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has beta configuration. The disaccharide unit of xyloglucan in plant cell-walls.


A disaccharide consisting of alpha-L-rhamnose and beta-D-glucose linked via a 1->2 glycosidic bond.


beta-L-glucose

A L-glucopyranose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.


A D-glucose that is alpha-D-glucose-in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 2 have been replaced by the (13)C isotope.


beta-L-glucofuranose

An L-glucofuranose which has beta- configuration at the anomeric centre.


D-glucofuranose

The furanose form of D-glucose.


LEVOGLUCOSE

The L-enantiomer of glucopyranose.


D-glucose

A glucopyranose having D-configuration.


alpha-L-glucofuranose

An L-glucofuranose that has alpha configuration at the anomeric centre.


D-glucose

A glucose with D-configuration.


A D-glucose in which the six carbon atoms have been replaced by the (13)C isotope.


alpha-D-glucofuranose

A D-glucofuranose that has alpha configuration at the anomeric centre.


L-glucofuranose

The furanose form of L-glucose.


agrocinopine D

A member of the class of agrocinopines that consists of two D-glucose units joined via a (2<->2)-phosphodiester linkage.


alpha-L-glucose

A L-glucopyranose with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.


sodium syringate

An organic sodium salt comprising equal numbers of sodium and syringate ions.


palmitoyl-CoA

A long-chain fatty acyl-CoA resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of hexadecanoic acid with the thiol group of coenzyme A.


2,3-saturated fatty aldehyde

Any fatty aldehyde that is saturated at positions 2 and 3.


DODECANAL

A long-chain fatty aldehyde that is dodecane in which two hydrogens attached to a terminal carbon are replaced by an oxo group.


pentadecanal

A long-chain fatty aldehyde that is pentadecane carrying an oxo substituent at position 1. It is a component of essential oils from plants like Solanum erianthum and Cassia siamea.


dotriacontanal

A long-chain fatty aldehyde resulting from the formal oxidation of the hydroxy group of dotriacontan-1-ol.


octacosanal

A long-chain fatty aldehyde resulting from the formal oxidation of the hydroxy group of octacosan-1-ol.


heptadecanal

A long-chain fatty aldehyde that is heptadecane carrying an oxo substituent at position 1. It is found in citrus.


TETRADECANAL

A long-chain fatty aldehyde that is tetradecane in which two hydrogens attached to a terminal carbon are replaced by an oxo group. It is found in coriander.


triacontanal

A long-chain fatty aldehyde resulting from the formal oxidation of the hydroxy group of triacontan-1-ol.


hexacosanal

A long-chain fatty aldehyde resulting from the formal oxidation of the hydroxy group of hexacosan-1-ol. It is a minor component of barley leaf wax.


arabinoxylan

A member of the class of arabinoxylans that consists of a polymer chain of beta-(1->4)-linked D-xylopyranose units, many of which are 2- or 3-substituted, or 2,3-disubstituted by alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl residues.


name: 2-[8-[(2,6-dimethyl-4-morpholinyl)methyl]-1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-7-purinyl]acetic acid ethyl ester


N(5)-hydroxy-L-ornithine zwitterion

An amino acid zwitterion obtained from N(5)-hydroxy-L-ornithine by transfer of a proton from the alpha-carboxy group to the amino group.


name: 7-Deoxygardoside methyl ester tetraacetate


Conjugate base of bhos#38


GLOBOSUMONE C

A benzoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of o-orsellinic acid with (3S,4S)-1,3,4-trihydroxypentan-2-one. It has been isolated from Chaetomium globosum.


D-erythrulose 1-phosphate

The D-enantiomer of 2-dehydroerythrose 1-phosphate.


L-erythrulose 1-phosphate

The L-enantiomer of erythrulose 1-phosphate.


2-chloro-1,4-phenylenediamine sulfate

An arylammonium sulfate salt obtained by combining 2-chloro-1,4-phenylenediamine with one molar equivalent of sulfuric acid.


A disaccharide derivative consisting of D-ribitol-5-phosphate having an alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue attached at the 4-position.


An amino disaccharide consisting of N-(2-methoxypropionyl)kansosamine linked via a glycosidic bond (of unspecified configuration) to O-3 of L-fucose.


imazaquin-ammonium

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-imazaquin-ammonium. It is a imidazolinone herbicide developed by American Cyanamid Company and is effective against perennial and annual weeds. It was registered for soybean use in 1986, and for turf use in 1987 by the trade names of 'Scepter' and 'Image' respectively.


A member of the class of furans that is 2-furfural substituted at position 4 by a phosphooxymethyl group.


terpendole K

An organic heteroheptacyclic compound isolated from Albophoma yamanashiensis and has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase.


hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid

A polyfluoroalkyl substance with formula C9HF17O4. It is an environmental contaminant found in drinking water, food, and human blood samples at low levels. It enters the environment through wastewater treatment plants or by atmospheric deposition and causes health effects in laboratory animals and humans leading to changes in thyroid hormone levels, decreased fertility rates, increased cholesterol levels, liver damage, and developmental toxicity.


A sulfonamide that is benzene substituted by (methylsulfonyl)amino, (1R)-2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl and fluoro groups at positions 1, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a selective agonist of alpha1A adrenoreceptor.


An amino oligosaccharide (dodecasaccharide) consisting of two tetrasaccharide units, each consisting of two beta-D-galactose residues, one N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine residue and one alpha-L-mannose residue linked in sequence (1->4), (1->4) and (1->2), linked (1->2) and (1->6) to the mannose residue of an amino trisaccharide comprising beta-D-mannose, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues all linked (1->4).


erucoyl-CoA

An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of erucic acid.


The furanose form of gulonolactone having L-configuration.


tRNA threonylcarbamoyladenosine

A threonylcarbamoyladenosine that is incorporated into a tRNA molecule.


The alpha-anomer of N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 1-phosphate.


D-2,4-diaminobutyric acid

A 2,4-diaminobutyric acid that has R-configuration.


An oligopeptide that is N-[(1E,3S)-6-amino-1-(methanesulfonyl)-6-oxohex-1-en-3-yl]-N(2)-carboxy-L-leucinamide in which the carboxy group is protected by a Cbz group. It is a SARS-CoV-2 Nsp5 main protease inhibitor that inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication.


ACONITIC ACID

The trans-isomer of aconitic acid.


peptide antigen zwitterion

Zwitterionic form of any peptide antigen obtained from the tranfer of a proton from the carboxy group to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3.


N(5)-alkyl-L-glutamine residue

An alpha-amino-acid residue derived from any N(5)-alkyl-L-glutamine.


bromosuccinic acid

A dicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid substituted at position 2 by a bromine atom.


Phe-Met zwitterion

A dipeptide zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino terminus of Phe-Met.


A dTDP-sugar having 4-dehydro-6-deoxy-beta-D-gulose as the sugar component.


A member of the class of dihydrofurans that is 4,5-dihydrofuran substituted at positions 2 and 3 by methyl and thioacetoxy groups respectively.


mefloquine

A racemate composed of (+)-(11R,2'S)- and (-)-(11S,2'R)-enantiomers of mefloquine. An antimalarial agent which acts as a blood schizonticide; its mechanism of action is unknown.


A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin in which oxo groups replace the hydrogens at positions 1, 2, 3, and 4.


alpha-ketoester

A ketoester where the ketone and ester functionalities are on adjacent atoms.


pyruvate ester

Any carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyruvic acid with the hydroxy group of an alcohol or phenol.


methyl phenylglyoxalate

The methyl ester of  phenylglyoxylic acid with methanol. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism.


methyl pyruvate

A pyruvate ester resultinf grom the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyruvic acid with the hydroxy group of methanol.


name: tris-L-cysteinyl L-serinyl tetrairon tetrasulfide


name: tris-L-cysteinyl L-aspartato tetrairon tetrasulfide


name: tris-L-cysteinyl L-N3'-histidino tetrairon tetrasulfide


name: tris-L-cysteinyl L-N1'-histidino tetrairon tetrasulfide


2'-O-methyluridine 5'-monophosphate

A uridine 5'-phosphate that is the 2'-O-methyl derivative of uridine 5'-monophosphate.


ammonium persulfate

An inorganic ammonium salt in which two of the terminal hydroxy groups of peroxydisulfuric acid are deprotonated and associated with ammonium ions as counter-cations.


20-HETE methyl ester

A methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-20-hydroxyicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid (20-HETE) with methanol.


A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by pentan-2-ylamino and 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-5-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl groups, respectively.


decarboxytiaprofenic acid

A thiophene substituted at C-2 by benzoyl and at C-4 by an ethyl group.


A disaccharide derivative consisting of two 3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulopyranonosyl units joined via an alpha-(2->4)-linkage with an O-allyl group at the anomeric centre.


A mannooligosaccharide derivative in which the mannosyl units are joined by alpha-(1->3) linkages.


A branched amino pentasaccharide consisting of a linear chain of four alpha-linked D-mannose residues, with an N-acetyl glucosamine residue joined to residue 3, also via an alpha-linkage.


2-coumaric acid

A monohydroxycinnamic acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-2 of the phenyl ring.


O-COUMARIC ACID

The trans-isomer of 2-coumaric acid.


cis-2-coumaric acid

The cis-isomer of 2-coumaric acid.


An anthocyanin cation that is delphinidin substituted at position 3 by a 6-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucosyl residue.


name: 4-fluorobenzoic acid 4-[[5-(1-naphthalenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]thio]butyl ester


5,15-disubstituted porphyrin

A porphyrin compound substituted on opposing methine groups of the porphyrin ring.


cucurbituril

A macrocycle consisting of repeating  2,5-dioxodihydroimidazo[4,5-d]imidazole-1,3,4,6-tetrayl (glycoluril) units linked by methylene groups. The number of glycoluril units in the macrocycle is denoted by the "n" in cucurbit[n]uril name.


vanadyl sulfate pentahydrate

A vanadyl sulfate hydrate containing five water molecules.


vanadyl sulfate hydrate

A hydrate derived from vanadyl sulfate (number of water molecules is not specified).


vanadyl sulfate dihydrate

A hydrate that is the dihydrate form of vanadyl sulfate.


vanadyl sulfate hexahydrate

A vanadyl sulfate hydrate containing six water molecules.


vanadyl sulfate trihydrate

A hydrate that is the trihydrate form of vanadyl sulfate.


5-hydroxy-2,4-dioxopentanoic acid

An oxo monocarboxylic acid that is acetylpyruvic acid in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


12-hydroxymyristic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is myristic acid carrying a single hydroxy substituent at position 12.


alpha-D-mannose

D-Mannopyranose having alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre.


beta-D-mannose

A D-mannopyranose in which the anomeric centre has beta configuration.


2-aminoethyl beta-D-glucoside

A beta-D-glucoside that is the 2-aminoethyl glycoside of the monosaccharide beta-D-glucopyranose.


A glycosylfucose consisting of an alpha-D-galactopyranose residue and an alpha-L-fucopyranose residue joined in sequence by a (1->4) glycosidic bond.


glycosylfucose

A disaccharide having fucose at the reducing end with a glycosyl residue attached at an unspecified position via a glycosidic bond.


A glycosylfucose consisting of beta-D-glucopyranose and alpha-L-fucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->4) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylfucose consisting of an alpha-D-glucopyranose residue and an alpha-L-fucopyranose residue joined in sequence by a (1->4) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylfucose consisting of an alpha-D-glucopyranose residue and an L-fucopyranose residue joined in sequence by a (1->2) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylfucose consisting of a beta-D-glucopyranose residue and a beta-L-fucopyranose residue joined in sequence by a (1->3) glycosidic bond.


A glycosylfucose that is alpha-L-fucopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted into the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl derivative.


A glycosylfucose consisting of beta-D-galactopyranose and alpha-L-fucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->4) glycosidic bond.


A branched pentasaccharide consisting of an D-GlcNAc residue at the reducing end with a beta-D-Xyl(1->2)-beta-D-Man(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc moiety attached via a beta-(1->4)-linkage and a D-Fuc residue attached via an alpha-(1->3)-linkage.


A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


DAPH

Phthalimide substituted at the 4- and 5-positions by anilino groups.


METCONAZOLE

A member of the class of cyclopentanols carrying 1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl and 4-chlorobenzyl and geminal dimethyl substituents at positions 1, 2 and 5 respectively. Used to control a range of fungal infections including alternaria, rusts, fusarium and septoria diseases.


yttrium nitrate

The inorganic nitrate salt of yttrium(III).


mycinamicin III

A mycinamicin composed of a 16-membered ring macrolactone core, an N,N-dimethylated deoxysugar desosamine and a 2-O-methylated 6-deoxysugar javose.


warfarin potassium

A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin potassium. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.


VANILLYL ALCOHOL

A monomethoxybenzene that is 2-methoxyphenol substituted by a hydroxymethyl group at position 4.


leuvalin

A member of the class of pyrazinones that is pyrazin-2(1H)-one substituted by isopropyl and isobutyl groups at positions 3 and 6, respectively. It is a natural product found in Staphylococcus aureus.


(Z)-desulfoglucotropeolin

A desulfoglucotropeolin in which the C=N double bond has Z configuration.


A desulfoglucosinolic acid resulting from the formal condensation of the thiol group of any omega-[(methylsulfanyl)alkyl]thiohydroximic acid with beta-D-glucopyranose.


desulfosinigrin

A desulfoglucosinolic acid resulting from the formal condensation of the thiol group of N-hydroxybut-3-enethioamide with beta-D-glucopyranose.


An omega-(methylsulfany)alkyl desulfoglucosinolate in which the omega-(methylsulfanyl)alkyl group is specified as 6-(methylsulfanyl)hexyl.


A desulfoglucosinolic acid resulting from the formal condensation of the thiol group of (3S)-N,3-dihydroxypent-4-enethioamide with beta-D-glucopyranose.


(Z)-indolylmethyl desulfoglucosinolate

An indolylmethyl desulfoglucosinolate in which the C=N double bond has Z configuration.


desulfoglucosinolic acid

A beta-D-thioglucoside formed by the formal condensation of the thiol group of an N-hydroxyimidothioate with beta-D-glucose.


indolylmethyl desulfoglucosinolate

A desulfoglucosinolic acid resulting from the formal condensation of the thiol group of N-hydroxy(indol-3-yl)ethanethioamide with beta-D-glucopyranose.


An omega-(methylsulfany)alkyl desulfoglucosinolate in which the omega-(methylsulfany)alkyl group is specified as 7-(methylsulfanyl)heptyl.


desulfogluconasturtiin

A desulfoglucosinolic acid resulting from the formal condensation of the thiol group of N-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanethioamide with beta-D-glucopyranose.


A desulfoglucosinolic acid resulting from the formal condensation of the thiol group of N-hydroxypent-4-enethioamide with beta-D-glucopyranose.


desulfoglucotropeolin

A desulfoglucosinolic acid resulting from the formal condensation of the thiol group of N-hydroxy(phenyl)ethanethioamide with beta-D-glucopyranose.


A omega-(methylsulfanyl)alkyl desulfoglucosinolate in which the double bond adopts a Z-configuration.


desulfoglucoiberin

A desulfoglucosinolic acid resulting from the formal condensation of the thiol group of N-hydroxy-3-(methylsulfinyl)butanethioamide with beta-D-glucopyranose.


An omega-(methylsulfany)alkyl desulfoglucosinolate in which the omega-(methylsulfany)alkyl group is specified as 5-(methylsulfanyl)pentyl.


isodesmosine

A pyridinium ion obtained by formal condensation of four molecules of lysine.


Conjugate base of bkos#28-CoA


A synthetic seven-membered oligopeptide comprising N-acetyl-3-cyclohexyl-L-alanyl, L-arginyl, L-alanyl, L-methionyl, L-alanyl, L-seryl and L-leucinamide residues coupled in sequence.


A 3beta-sterol that is 5alpha-ergosta-7,24(28)-diene which is substituted at the  3beta and 4alpha positions by hydroxy and formyl groups, respectively.


pyranonigrin A

A member of the class of pyranopyrroles that is 2-[(1E)-prop-1-en-1-yl]-6,7-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrrole-4,5-dione carrying two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 7. Originally isolated from Aspergillus niger.


pyranopyrrole

An organic heterobicyclic compound whose skeleton consists of a pyran ring which is ortho-fused to a pyrrole ring.


pyranonigrin K

A member of the class of pyranopyrroles with formula C17H21NO4, originally isolated from Aspergillus niger.


pyranonigrin H

A member of the class of pyranopyrroles with formula C18H23NO5, originally isolated from Aspergillus niger.


pyranonigrin G

A member of the class of pyranopyrroles with formula C18H23NO4, originally isolated from Aspergillus niger.


pyranonigrin E

A member of the class of pyranopyrroles with formula C18H21NO4, originally isolated from Aspergillus niger.


14-hydroxyplatensic acid methyl ester

A polycyclic cage that is the methyl ester derivative of 14-hydroxyplatensic acid. It is isolated from Streptomyces platensis.


depudecin

A polyketide obtained from the fungus Alternaria brassicicola and having a highly unusual structure of an 11-carbon chain containing two epoxides and six stereogenic centres.  It is an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC) both in vivo and in vitro and also exhibits anti-angiogenic activity.


alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-D-GlcNAc with beta-configuration at the GlcNAc anomeric centre.


An organic group consisting of an H2N-NLFQVVHNSYNRPAYSPG-N-{54-amino-7,10,18,21,29,32,40,43,51,54-decaoxo-3,14,25,36,47-pentakis-[5-({2-[alpha-L-Rhap-(1->3)-beta-D-GlcpO]ethyl}sulfinyl)pentanoyl]-3,6,11,14,17,22,25,28,33,36,39,44,47,50-tetradecaazatetrapentacont-1-yl} group linked to the terminal N of an adipamido group. PMID:27091615 reports several of these being linked to the CRM197 immunogenic carrier protein to form a semisynthetic glycoconjugate.


A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 24-methylene-19-norcholesta-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. It is isolated from Hainan soft coral Dendronephthya studeri.


An androstane-3,17-dione with a 5beta-configuration.


An androstanoid that is androstane substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17.


The 5alpha-stereoisomer of androstane-3,17-dione.


episteryl palmitoleate

An episterol ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of  palmitoleic acid with the hydroxy group of episterol.


A quercetin O-glycoside that is quercetin attached to a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl residue at position 3 and a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 7 via glycosidic linkages. It has been isolated from Vicia faba and Lotus edulis.


amodiaquine

A quinoline having a chloro group at the 7-position and an aryl amino group at the 4-position.


A secondary amino compound that is spermidine in which each of the primary amino groups has been mono-acylated by formal condensation with trans-caffeic acid.


beta-erythroidine

An organic heterotetracyclic indole alkaloid isolated from the seeds and other parts of Erythrina species. It differs from the alpha isomer in having the double bond of the dihydropyranone ring located beta,gamma- to the lactone carbonyl group instead of alpha,beta-.


cadaverine dihydrochloride

A hydrochloride resulting from the reaction of cadaverine with 2 mol eq. of hydrogen chloride.


A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the acyl groups at C-1 and C-2 contain 40 carbons in total with 6 double bonds and 1 hydroxy substituent.


An O(4')-glycosyl-L-tyrosine in which the glycosyl group is specified as N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl.


phosphorus-33 atom

The radioactive isotope of phosphorus with relative atomic mass 32.971725, half-life of 25.34 days and nuclear spin (1)/2.


A 2-demethylmenaquinol having a side chain composed of nine isoprenoid units.


fumiquinazoline

A group of indole alkaloids biosynthesised using L-tryptophan, L-alanine and anthranilic acid building blocks.


triplatin tetranitrate

A trinuclear platinum coordination entity that is the tetranitrate salt of triplatin.


A cyclopropylcarboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of cyclopropanecarboxylic acid with the amino group of 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-amine.


An N-(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl)cyclopropanecarboxamide in which the double bond at position 2 adopts an E-configuration.


N,N-dimethyl-L-alanine

A methyl-L-alanine in which both the amino hydrogens of L-alanine are replaced by methyl groups.


name: 4-amino-2-[[4-amino-6-(4-methylanilino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]methylthio]-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester


SWERTIANOLIN

A xanthone that is bellidifolin in which a beta-Dglucopyranosyl residue is attached at position O-8 via a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated particularly from Gentiana campestris and Gentiana germanica.


anticapsin zwitterion

An L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of anticapsin; major species at pH 7.3.


A heparin disaccharide that is 6-O-sulfo-alpha-D-glucosamine in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has been glycosylated by alpha-L-idopyranuronic acid.  Sequence: IdoA-GlcN(6-OSO3).


heparin disaccharide

Any disaccharide derivative resulting from the enzymic digestion of heparin.


An unsaturated heparin disaccharide that is 2N,6-O-disulfo-alpha-D-glucosamine in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has been glycosylated by 4-deoxy-2-O-sulfo-alpha-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronic acid. Sequence: DUA2S-GlcNS6S.


A heparin disaccharide that is N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has been glycosylated by alpha-L-idopyranuronic acid. Sequence: IdoA-GlcNAc


unsaturated heparin disaccharide

A heparin disaccharide that contains a C4-C5 double bond in a uronic acid (DeltaUA) moiety. They are generally produced by the digestion of heparin by various heparinases.


A heparin disaccharide that is 2-N-sulfo-alpha-D-glucosamine in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has been glycosylated by 2-O-sulfo-alpha-L-idopyranuronic acid. Sequence: IdoA(2-OSO3)-GlcNSO3.


A heparin disaccharide that is 2N,6-O-disulfo-alpha-D-glucosamine in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has been glycosylated by alpha-L-idopyranuronic acid. Sequence: IdoA-GlcNSO3(6-OSO3).


An unsaturated heparin disaccharide that is 2-deoxy-2-(sulfoamino)-alpha-D-glucopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has been glycosylated by a 4-deoxy-2-O-sulfo-alpha-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranosiduronic acid moiety. Sequence: DUA2S-GlcNS.


A heparin disaccharide that is 2-O-sulfo-alpha-L-idopyranuronic acid in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has been glycosylated by 2-N,6-O-disulfo-alpha-D-glucosamine. Sequence: GlcNS6S-IdoA2S.


A heparin disaccharide that is N-sulfo-alpha-D-glucosamine in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has been glycosylated by alpha-L-idopyranuronic acid.  Sequence: IdoA-GlcNSO3.


A heparin disaccharide that is 6-O-sulfo-alpha-D-glucosamine in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has been glycosylated by 2-O-sulfo-alpha-L-idopyranuronic acid. Sequence: IdoA(2-OSO3)-GlcN(6-OSO3).


An amino trisaccharide consisting of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranose, beta-D-galactopyranose and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose joined in sequence by (1->3) and (1->4) glycosidic bonds.


alpha-hydroxyhippuric acid

An N-acyl-amino acid that is N-benzoylglycine substituted by a hydroxy group at C-2.


N-acyl hemiaminal

An organic hydroxy compound resulting from the formal addition of the amino group of a carboxamide to the carbonyl group of an aldehyde or ketone.


An N-acyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine resulting from the formal condensation of octanoic acid (caprylic acid) with the amino group of (2S)-hydroxyglycine.


An N-acyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine resulting from the formal condensation of (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid with the amino group of (2S)-hydroxyglycine.


An N-acyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine resulting from the formal condensation of hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid) with the amino group of (2S)-hydroxyglycine.


vibrioferrin

A tricarboxylic acid that is citric acid in which the pro-R carboxy group has been esterified with the primary hydroxy group of 2-hydroxy-1-{(2S)-1-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-5-oxoproline. It is a siderophore isolated from bacteria closely associated or symbiotic with toxic, bloom-forming dinoflagellates.


An N-acyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine resulting from the formal condensation of hexanoic acid (caproic acid) with the amino group of (2S)-hydroxyglycine.


An N-acyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine resulting from the formal condensation of decanoic acid (capric acid) with the amino group of (2S)-hydroxyglycine.


An N-acyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine resulting from the formal condensation of tetradecanoic acid (myristic acid) with the amino group of (2S)-hydroxyglycine.


Any N-acyl hemiaminal resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of (2S)-2-hydroxyglycine with a carboxylic acid.


An N-acyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine resulting from the formal condensation of (9Z-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid) with the amino group of (2S)-hydroxyglycine.


A tryptophan derivative that is tryptophan in which the hydrogen at position 6 of the indole ring has been replaced by a chlorine.


inositol phosphosphingolipid

An inositol phosphoceramide having N-acylated sphing-4-enine as the ceramide component.


An HPODE (hydroperoxy-octadecadienoic acid) in which the double bonds are at positions 10 and 12 (E and Z geometry, respectively) and the hydroperoxy group is at position 9 (R configuration).


A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 7-fluoro-3-[(2-fluoro-4-iodophenyl)amino]furo[3,2-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of (2S)-1-(aminooxy)propan-2-ol.


robinin

A  glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempherol substituted by a 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl residue at position 3 and a 6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.


The stable isotope of cadmium with relative atomic mass 110.904182, 12.8 atom percent natural abundance and nuclear spin 1/2.


An amino disaccharide consisting of N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine having a beta-D-tyvelosyl residue attached at the 3-position and with the anomeric hydroxy group replaced by methoxy.


A steroid glucosiduronic acid that is 4-hydroxyestrone having a single beta-D-glucuronic acid residue attached at position 3.


A branched decasaccharide consisting of an alpha-D-mannose residue, two beta-D-mannose residues, an alpha-L-rhamnose residue, a beta-D-glucose residue, two further beta-D-mannose residues, a further alpha-D-rhamnose residue and a further beta-D-glucose residue (at the reducing end), connected sequentially by a (1->2) and seven (1->3) linkages, to the mannose residue located three residues from the reducing-end glucose is also connected another alpha-D-mannnose residue via a (1->2) linkage.


name: 4-amino-2-(butylthio)-5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester


N-vinylacetylglycine

An N-acylglycine with an acyl group that is but-3-enoyl.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine. Proposed epitope of paragloboside (beta1->4).


An  N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained formally by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.


N-octanoylglycine

An N-acylglycine that has octanoyl as the acyl group.


An organic anionic group obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate function of any 2'-O-methylnucleotide 5'-phosphate residue; major species at 7.3.


An organic anionic group obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of N(6)-methyl-2'-O-methyladenosine residue; major species at pH 7.3.


A saturated fatty aldehyde resulting from the formal oxidation of the hydroxy group of 9-methyldecan-1-ol to the corresponding aldehyde.


saturated fatty aldehyde

A fatty aldehyde in which there is no carbon-carbon unsaturation.


A saturated fatty aldehyde that is heptane in which one of the hydrogens at position 3 has been replaced by a formyl group. It is a metabolite of the plasticisers di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and di-2-ethylhexyl adipate (DEHA).


NONANAL

A saturated fatty aldehyde formally arising from reduction of the carboxy group of nonanoic acid. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism.


DECANAL

A saturated fatty aldehyde formally arising from reduction of the carboxy group of capric acid (decanoic acid).


OCTANAL

A saturated fatty aldehyde formally arising from reduction of the carboxy group of caprylic acid (octanoic acid).


HEXANAL

A saturated fatty aldehyde that is hexane in which one of the terminal methyl group has been mono-oxygenated to form the corresponding aldehyde.


UNDECANAL

A saturated fatty aldehyde formally arising from reduction of the carboxylic acid group of undecanoic acid. It is a component of essential oils from citrus plants like Citrus reticulata.


PENTANAL

A saturated fatty aldehyde composed from five carbons in a straight chain.


A 2-methyl-branched fatty aldehyde that is pentadecanal in which a hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a methyl group.


HEPTANAL

An n-alkanal resulting from the oxidation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of heptan-1-ol to the corresponding aldehyde. An endogenous aldehyde coming from membrane lipid oxidation, it is found in the blood of lung cancer patients and has been regarded as a potential biomarker of lung cancer.


bromo fatty acid

Any halo fatty acid containing at least one bromo substituent.


12-bromododecanoic acid

A bromo fatty acid consisting of lauric acid having a single bromo-substituent at the 12-position.


2-oxododecanoic acid

An oxo fatty acid that is dodecanoic acid (lauric acid) which is substituted at position 2 by an oxo group.


A member of the class of coumarins that is coumarin substituted by methoxy groups at positions 5, 6 and 7.


(2-nitrophenyl)azo group

A phenylazo group in which the phenyl ring is substituted at the ortho position with a nitro group.


A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2' and 4', 2-hydroxy benzyl group at position 3' and methoxy group at position 6'. It is isolated from the aerial parts of   Ellipeiopsis cherrevensis  and exhibits antibacterial, antimalarial and antineoplastic activity.


N-(carboxymethyl)-D-alanine

A derivative of D-alanine having a carboxymethyl substituent on the alpha-nitrogen.


prenylated and related xanthones

These xanthones are usually restricted to the plant species of the family Guttiferae. The major C5 unit of the substituents included the commonly found 3-methylbut-2-enyl or isoprenyl group as in isoemericellin and the less frequent 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl as in nigrolineaxanthone P and 1,1-dimethylprop-2-enyl as in globuxanthone, respectively.


A sialopentaosylceramide consisting of a alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glucosyl unit attached to a Cer(d18:1/24:1(15Z)).


A macromolecule composed of repeating p-phenylene terephthalate groups.


N(5)-methyl-argininium(1+) residue

An alpha-amino-acid residue cation obtained by protonation of the guanidino group of N(5)-methyl-argininium residue.


An O-[S-(3R)-3-hydroxyacylpantetheine-4'-phosphoryl]serine(1-) residue in which the S-acyl group is specified as (3R,11Z,23Z)-3-hydroxydotetracontadienoyl.


A glycotriaosylceramide having beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-D-glucose as the glycotriaosyl component.


MIANSERIN HYDROCHLORIDE

The hydrochloride salt of mianserin, a tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects.


cathestatin B

A carboxamide obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxylic group of oxirane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid with the amino group of N-(4-aminobutyl)-L-tyrosinamide (the 2S,3S stereoisomer). An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Penicillium citrinum, it acts as a potent inhibitor of cysteine protease.


cholesteryl linoleate

The (9Z,12Z)-stereoisomer of cholesteryl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.


indanomycin

An indene that is (3aS,7aR)-2,3,3a,4,5,7a-hexahydro-1H-indene which is substituted at the 2-pro-R position by a 1H-pyrrol-2-ylcarbonyl group, at the 9-pro-S position by an ethyl group, and at the 5-pro-R position by a hexa-1,3-dineyl group in which position 4 has been substituted by a (2R,3S,6R)-6-[(1R)-1-carboxyethyl]-3-methyltetrahydropyran-2-yl group. It exhibits activity against Gram-positive bacteria as well as antihypertensive and antitumour. It also functions as an effective growth promoter for ruminants.


INDENE

An ortho-fused bicyclic arene comprising of benzene and cyclopentene rings.


A member of the class of indenes that is 2,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-1H-indene substituted by methyl groups at positions 1, 4, 4 and 7a and by a hydroxy group at position 2.


A member of the class of indenes that is 2,4,5,7a-tetrahydro-1H-indene substituted by methyl groups at positions 1, 4, 4 and 7a and by an oxo group at position 2.


An oxo monocarboxylic acid in which pentanoic acid is substituted at C-5 with an oxo group and a 3-azidopropylamino group.


TAZOBACTAM SODIUM

An organic sodium salt having tazobactam(1-) as the counterion; used in combination with ceftolozane sulfate for treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections and complicated urinary tract infections.


A monohydroxyquinoline carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an intermediate metabolite produced duting the microbial degradation of quinoline.


DORSILURIN G

A 7-hydroxyflavonol substituted by additional hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 3', prenyl groups at positions 6 and 8 and a (2S)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbut-3-en-1-yl group at position  4'. Isolated from the roots of Dorstenia psilurus, it exhibits alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity.


sideretin (oxidized form)

A member of the class of p-quinones resulting from the formal oxidation of the hydroquinone moiety of 5,7,8-trihydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one.


menaquinone

Any member of the class of menaquinones that is 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone with an unsaturated isoprenoid chain at the 3-position.


An o-quinone resulting from the formal oxidation of the dihydroxyphenyl moiety of 2-hydroxyestrone.


PURPURIN

A trihydroxyanthraquinone derived from anthracene by substitution with oxo groups at C-9 and C-10 and with hydroxy groups at C-1, C-2 and C-4.


epierythrostominol

A natural pigment produced by fungi, major tautomer defined by heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC).


vitamin K

Any member of a group of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1,4-napthoquinones that exhibit biological activity against vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and certain other blood coagulation factors.


caffeic acid quinone

An alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is acrylic acid in which one of the olefinic hydrogens at position 3 has been replaced by a 3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl group.


epsilon-rhodomycinone

A carboxylic ester that is the methyl ester of (1R,2R,4S)-2-ethyl-2,4,5,7,12-pentahydroxy-6,11-dioxo-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydrotetracene-1-carboxylic acid.


doxorubicinol

A member of the class of tetracenequinones that is the major metabolite of the anthracycline doxorubicin, a chemotherapeutic agent effective against a broad range of malignant neoplasms. It is thought to exhibit cardiotoxic properties.


TETRANGULOL

A member of the class of tetraphenes that is tetraphene-7,12-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8 and a methyl group at position 3.


benzoisochromanequinone

A class of Streptomyces aromatic polyketide antibiotics.


geldanamycin

An ansamycin consisting of a 19-membered macrocyle incorporating a benzoquinone ring and a lactam functionality. It shows antimicrobial activity against many Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria.


herbimycin

A 19-membered macrocyle incorporating a benzoquinone ring and a lactam functionality. It is an ansamycin antibiotic that induces apoptosis and displays antitumour effects.


QUESTIN

A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,6-dihyroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and a methoxy group at position 8.


name: Xanthorin 1-O-methyl ether 8-O-beta-D-ge


A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 6 and a methyl group at position 2. It has been isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis.


polyprenylbenzoquinone

Any member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones substituted by a polyprenyl-derived side-chain.


A member of the class of tetracenomycins that is 8-demethyltetracenomycin C in which the hydroxyl hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue.


A polyprenylbenzoquinone that is 2-decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinone carrying additional methyl and methoxy substituents at positions 3 and 6 respectively.


A tetrahydroxyanthraquinonen that is 9,10-anthraquinone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, 6 and 8. It has been isolated from Chaetomium globosum and Leptographium wageneri.


A member of the class of prenylnapthoquinones that carries a methyl group at position 5.


betanidin quinone

An indoledione obtained by formal oxidation of the dihydroxyindole moiety of betanidin to the corresponding quinone.


A naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone bearing two methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 3. Redox-cycling agent that induces intracellular superoxide anion formation and, depending on the concentration, induces cell proliferation, apoptosis or necrosis. Used to study the role of ROS in cell toxicity, apoptosis, and necrosis.


terreic acid

A 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone that is 5,6-epoxy. It is a natural product of Aspergillus terreus. It has an antibacterial activity explained by its inhibitory effect on bacterial enzymes MurA and GlmU. It is an inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase, and has an anti-tumoral activity against HeLa and EAC cells.


An anthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone substituted by a methoxycarbonyl group at position 2. It has been isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis.


amrubicin

A synthetic anthracycline antibiotic with molecular formula C25H25NO9. A specific inhibitor of topoisomerase II, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of cancer, especially lung cancer, where it is a prodrug for the active metabolite, ambrucinol.


epirubicin

An anthracycline that is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin.


Any 1,4-benzoquinone carrying a single hydroxy substituent.


aklaviketone

A carboxylic ester that is the methyl ester of (1R,2R)-2-ethyl-2,5,7-trihydroxy-4,6,11-trioxo-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydrotetracene-1-carboxylic acid.


SCUTIANTHRAQUINONE B

A member of the class of hydroxyanthraquinones isolated from the bark of Scutia myrtina. It has been shown to exhibit antiproliferative and antimalarial activities.


Rubiadin

A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 3 and a methyl group at position 2. It has been isolated from Rubia yunnanensis.


didemethylasterriquinone D(1-)

A bisindole alkaloid that is quinone bearing two hydroxy substituents at position 2 and 5 and two indol-3-yl groups at positions 3 and 6; major microspecies at pH 7.3.


ANTHRAFLAVICACID

A  dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene substituted by hydroxy groups at C-3 and C-7 and oxo groups at C-9 and C-10.


kinanthraquinone B

A monohydroxyanthraquinone that is anthraquinone in which the hydrogen atoms at positions 1, 2, 5 and 6 are replaced hydroxy, 3-methylbut-3-enoic acid, methoxy and methoxy groups, respectively. It is a natural product isolated from Streptomyces sp. SN-593.


versicolorin A

An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is 3a,12a-dihydroanthra[2,3-b]furo[3,2-d]furan-5,10-dione carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 4, 6 and 8.


name: 8-O-beta-D-gentiobioside of xanthorin 1-O-methyl ether


monohydroxyanthraquinone

An anthraquinone in which the anthraquinone moiety is substituted by a single hydroxy group.


DECYLUBIQUINONE

A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 2,3-dimethoxybenzoquinone which has been substituted at positions 5 and 6 by decyl and methyl groups.


ANTHRAQUINONE

An anthraquinone that is anthracene in which positions 9 and 10 have been oxidised to carbonyls.


polyporic acid anion(1-)

Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


nogalaviketone

A methyl ester derived from (1R,2S)-2,5,7-trihydroxy-2-methyl-4,6,11-trioxo-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydrotetracene-1-carboxylic acid.


dutomycin

An anthracycline antibiotic of formula C44H54O17 isolated from Streptomyces species. It directly binds to the human serine protease inhibitor B6 (SERPINB6), inducing autophagy and apoptosis.


A quinolone that is quinoline-5,8-dione in which the hydrogen at position 6 is replaced by an anilino group.


5-S-cysteinyldopaquinone zwitterion

Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


NANAFROCIN

A pyranonaphthoquinone antibiotic from strain OS-3966 of Streptomyces rosa var. notoensis.


hydroxyanthraquinones

An anthraquinone substituted with one or more hydroxy groups.


A monohydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by a hydroxy and an allyl group, respectively.


laccaic acid D

A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is that is 3,6,8-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone substituted by methyl and carboxy groups at positions 1 and 2 respectively. A minor component of LAC dye together with laccaic acids A, B and C.


ALISIAQUINONE A

An organic heteropentacyclic compound comprising (2aS,5aR,8aR,8bS)-8a-hydroxy-2a,5a-dimethyldecahydro-8H-naphtho[1,8-bc]furan-8-one ortho-fused to C-6 and C-7 of 1,4-naphthoquinone. An antiplasmodial drug isolated from New Caledonian deep water sponge.


fumigatin

A member of the class of monohydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone which is substituted by a methoxy, hydroxy and methyl group at positions 2,3 and 5, respectively. It is a mycotoxin isolated from Aspergillus fumigatus.


A 1-hydroxyanthraquinone compound having a carboxy substituent at the 2-position and a bromo substituent at the 4-position.


topaquinone

A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinon-5-yl group.


name: 9,10-dioxo-1-anthracenecarboxylic acid [2-(2,3-dimethylanilino)-2-oxoethyl] ester


atromentin

A member of the class of dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is 2,5-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione which is substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group at positions 3 and 6. It is a mushroom pigment isolated from several fungi species and acts as a smooth muscle stimulant, and exhibits anticoagulant, antibacterial and antineoplastic properties.


variecolorquinone A

An dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,6-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by a methoxy group at position 8, a methyl group at position 3 and a [(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropoxy]carbonyl group at position 2. Isolated from the fungus Aspergillus variecolor, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.


prenylquinone

A quinone substituted by a polyprenyl-derived side-chain. Prenylquinones occur in all living cells. Due to their amphiphilic character, they are mainly located in biological membranes where they function as electron and proton carriers in the photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport chains. Some prenylquinones also perform more specialised roles sucy as antioxidants and enzyme cofactors. Prenylquinones are classified according to ring structure: the main classes are menaquinones, phylloquinones, ubiquinones and plastoquinones.


BULBINELONESIDE D

An anthraquinone that is  knipholone in which the O-methyl group is replaced by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl group. It is isolated from the roots of Bulbine frutescens and exhibits trypanocidal and antiplasmodial activities.


A hydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,3,6,8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone bearing a 1,5-dihydroxyhexyl substituent at position 2 (the 1'S,5'R-diastereomer).


glucosyloxyanthraquinone

A monosaccharide derivative that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy group at position 1.


L-dopachrome

The L-enantiomer of dopachrome.


caldariellaquinone

A 1-benzothiophene that is 1-benzothiophene-4,7-dione bearing additional methylthio and 3,7,11,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosyl substituents at positions 5 and 6 respectively. Isolated from Caldariella acidophila.


amrubicinol

A diastereoisomeric mixture resulting from the formal reduction of the acetyl group at position 9 of amrubicin to the corresponding 1-hydroxyethyl group. The active metabolite of amrubicin in lung cancer patients.


Any member of the class of benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone or its C-substituted derivatives.


semicochliodinol B

A bisindole alkaloid that is quinone bearing hydroxy substituents at positions 2 and 5 and two indol-3-yl groups at positions 3 and 6, one of which is carrying a prenyl group at position 6. Isolated from the culture broth of Chrysosporium merdarium, it acts as an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease and EGF-R protein tyrosine kinase.


deoxyerythrostominol

A natural pigment produced by fungi, major tautomer defined by heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC).


ACEQUINOCYL

An acetate ester consisting of 1,4-naphthoquinone bearing acetoxy and dodecyl substituents at positions 2 and 3 respectively.


SORGOLEONE

A member of the family of benzoquinones, sorgoleone is 2-hydroxy-5-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone in which the hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a (4Z,7Z)-pentadeca-1,4,7-trien-15-yl group.


methyl aklanonate

A methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of aklanonic acid with methanol.


hydroxybenzoquinone

Benzoquinones with at least one hydroxy substituent.


MENAQUINONE 7

A menaquinone whose side-chain contains seven isoprene units in an all-trans-configutation.


A hydroxybenzoquinone that is any 1,4-benzoquinone in which two of the substituents on the quinone ring are hydroxy groups.


acenoquinone

Quinones containing an acene fused ring system.


topopyrone B

A naphthochromene that is 4H-naphtho[2,3-g]chromene-4,6,11-trione substituted by a chloro group at position 8, hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 9 and a methyl group at position 2. It is isolated from a fungal strain Phoma sp.BAUA2861 and acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme topoisomerase I.


rubianthraquinone

A member of the class of hydroxyanthraquinones that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 6, a methoxy group at position 1 and a methyl group at position 2. It has been isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis.


An L-lysine derivative in which one of the amino hydrogens at N(6)-amino is substituted by a 6-[(2S)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl]-3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl group.


A member of the class of anthraquinone that is 1,4-diamino-9,10-anthraquinone in which the two amino groups are carrying 3-(diethylamino)-2-hydroxypropyl and (oxiran-2-yl)methyl substituents. It exhibits anti-cancer properties.


pradimicin B

A member of the class of prodimicins that is isolated from the cultured broth of Actinomadura hibisca No. P157-2 (ATCC 53557).


orthoquinones

Any quinone in which the carbons of the two carbonyl groups in the quinone system are joined to each other by a single bond.


A member of the class of tetracenomycins that is 8-demethyltetracenomycin C in which the hydroxyl hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a 2,3-di-O-methyl-alpha-L-rhamnosyl residue.


A member of the class of monohydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone which is substituted by a chloro group and hydroxy group at positions 2 and 6, respectively.


TETROQUINONE

A hydroxybenzoquinone in which all four protons of the benzoquinone structure are substituted by hydroxy groups. A systemic keratolytic, it is normally supplied as its hydrate (CHEBI:137471).


anthragallol

A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 3.


alvespimycin

A 19-membered macrocyle that is geldanamycin in which the methoxy group attached to the benzoquinone moiety has been replaced by a 2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethylamino group.


dopaminoquinone

A member of the class of 1,2-benzoquinones that is 1,2-benzoquinone in which a hydrogen at para to one of the oxo groups has been replaced by a 2-aminoethyl group.


2-deoxy-alpha-L-fucosylaclacinomycin S

An anthracycline that is aklavinone having a 2-deoxy-L-fucosyl-(1->4)-2-deoxy-L-fucosyl-(1->4)-L-rhodosaminyl moiety attached at position 4.


benzoquinone

The simplest member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones, obtained by the formal oxidation of hydroquinone to the corresponding diketone. It is a metabolite of benzene.


idebenone

A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones which is substituted by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 3, by a methyl group at positions 5, and by a 10-hydroxydecyl group at positions 6. Initially developed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, benefits were modest; it was subsequently found to be of benefit for the symptomatic treatment of Friedreich's ataxia.


PARIETIN

A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 4 and 5, a methoxy group at position 7 and a methyl group at position 2. It has been isolated from Chaetomium globosum and other fungal species.


versicolorone

A secondary metabolite that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of afflatoxin. Can exist as both a tricyclic anthraquinone form or as a tetracyclic anthrafuran form.


Reactive Blue 5

Anthraquinone carrying amino, sulfo and [3-({4-chloro-6-[(3-sulfophenyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl}amino)-4-sulfophenyl]amino substituents at positions 1, 2 and 4 respectively.


A polyprenylbenzoquinone that is fumigatin which is substituted by an all-trans-decaprenyl group at position 6.


trihydroxyanthraquinone

A member of the class of  hydroxyanthraquinones carrying three hydroxy substituents.


Coenzyme Q6

A ubiquinone compound having a (2E,6E,10E,14E,18E)-3,7,11,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaen-1-yl substituent at position 2.


mitoxantrone

A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.


TERREQUINONE A

A bisindole alkaloid that is quinone bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2, a 3,3-dimethylallyl group at position 5 and two indol-3-yl groups at positions 3 and 6, one of which is carrying a 1,1-dimethylallyl group at position 2.


A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is p-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 6 have been replaced by chlorines. A highly toxic and carcinogenic disinfection by-product found in drinking water.


A member of the class of monohydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is 2-hydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone carrying an additional methyl substituent at position 5.


asterriquinone dimethyl ether

A member of the class of asterriquinones that is asterriquinone in which the hydrogens of both of the hydroxy groups have replaced by methyl groups.


proansamycin X

A 26-membered macrocylic polyketide incorporating a quinone ring as well as lactam and enone functionality. An intermediate in the biosynthesis of rifamycin.


torososide B

A monohydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone that is the tetrasaccharide derivative of physcion. Isolated from Cassia torosa, it exhibits inhibitory effect towards the release of leucotrienes.


menaquinones

Any prenylnaphthoquinone having a prenyl or polyprenyl group at position 3 and a methyl group at position 2 on the naphthoquinone ring.


ALISIAQUINONE B

A heteropentacyclic compound that is the 9-methoxy derivative of alisiaquinone A. An antiplasmodial drug isolated from New Caledonian deep water sponge.


topopyrone D

A naphthochromene that is 4H-naphtho[2,3-g]chromene-4,6,11-trione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 9 and a methyl group at position 2. It is isolated from fungal strains Phoma and Penicillium and acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme topoisomerase I.


A menaquinone whose side-chain contains 8 isoprene units in an all-trans-configuration.


laccaic acid C

A tetrahydroxyanthraquinone that is that is 3,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone substituted by two carboxy groups at positions 1 and 2 as well as a 5-(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)-2-hydroxyphenyl group at position 7. A minor component of LAC dye together with laccaic acids A, B and D


brasiliquinone C

A carbopolycyclic compound that is 3,4-dihydrotetraphene-1,7,12(2H)-trione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 8 and an ethyl group at position 3 (the S stereoisomer). It is isolated from the culture broth of Nocardia brasiliensis and exhibits antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. It is also active against the multiple drug-resistant P388/ADR tumour cells.


5-O-ethyl embelin

A member of the class of monohydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is embelin in which the hydroxy group at position 5 is replaced by a ethoxy group. Isolated from Lysimachia punctata and Embelia ribes, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.


A member of the class of hydroxyanthraquinones that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 6 and a methyl group at position 2. It has been isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis.


endocrocin

A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by a carboxy group at position 2, a methyl group at position 3, and hydroxy groups at positions 1, 6, and 8.


pentahydroxyanthraquinone

An anthraquinone in which the anthraquinone moiety is substituted by a five hydroxy groups.


A member of the class of menaquinones that is menaquinone-9 in which the double bond that is second nearest to the naphthoquinone moiety has been dihydrogenated and one of the terminal methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


aclacinomycin Y

An anthracycline antibiotic that is aclacinomycin A in which the ketone function on the trisaccharide fragment has undergone 2,3-dehydrogenation to afford the corresponding enone.


An o-quinone resulting from the formal oxidation of the dihydroxyphenyl moiety of 4-hydroxyestrone.


A disaccharide derivative that is 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone attached to a (6'-O-acetyl)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis.


prenylnaphthoquinone

Any napthoquinone that is substituted at position 2 by a prenyl or polyprenyl group. The term also includes compounds that are functionalised on the prenyl or polyprenyl chain (e.g. by a hydroxy group).


A hexahydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,3,4,5,7,8-hexahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone carrying two additional sulfo groups at positions 2 and 6. The disodium salt is the biological stain 'alizarin cyanin BBS'.


kinanthraquinone

A monohydroxyanthraquinone that is anthraquinone in which the hydrogen atoms at positions 1, 2, 5 and 6 are replaced hydroxy, 3-methylbut-3-enamidyl, methoxy and methoxy groups, respectively. It is a natural product isolated from Streptomyces sp. SN-593, and shows moderate cytotoxicity against HL-60 and NRK cells.


shanorellin

A member of the class monohydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, 5 and 6 are replaced by hydroxy, methyl, methyl and hydroxymethyl groups, respectively. It is a secondary metabolite synthesized by several fungi of the Ascomycota phylum.


Coenzyme Q1

A compound composed of the standard 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methylbenzoquinone nucleus common to ubiquinones; and a side chain of a single isoprenoid unit.


An aminoglycoside antibiotic that is (1S,3S)-3,5,12-trihydroxy-3-(1-hydroxyethyl)-10-methoxy-6,11-dioxo-1,2,3,4,6,11-hexahydrotetracene having a 3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl residue attached at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage.


ubidecarenone

A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration.


DOCEBENONE

A member of the class of benzoquinones that is p-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens are substituted by three methyl groups and a 12-hydroxydodeca-5,10-diyn-1-yl group.