regulation of glial cell migration

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell migration.


name: tungsten incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The incorporation of tungsten into a metallo-sulfur cluster.


interleukin-2 receptor activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Combining with interleukin-2 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


carbon catabolite repression

description: A process in which the presence of one carbon source leads to the modulation of the frequency, rate, or extent of the metabolism of other carbon sources.


name: intermediate-density lipoprotein particle remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within an intermediate-density lipoprotein particle.


ligand-gated channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


ureide catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ureide, which is the organic form of nitrogen in nitrogen fixing and transporting plants with the release of ammonium.


2,4-dichlorobenzoate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,4-dichlorobenzoate, a chlorinated aromatic compound which is a key intermediate in the aerobic degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).


dhurrin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dhurrin, a cyanogenic glucoside which functions as a plant defense compound.


name: DNA synthesis involved in UV-damage excision repair

description: Any DNA synthesis that is involved in UV-damage excision repair.


regulation of lipid catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids.


head kidney development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the head kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The head kidney is a pronephros that consists of fused bilateral lobes located in the anterior part of the kidney. It is analogous to the mammalian bone marrow and the primary site of definitive hematopoiesis.


all-trans-neoxanthin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of all-trans-neoxanthin.


oxytetracycline metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving oxytetracycline.


zeatin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving zeatin, 2-methyl-4-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)but-2-en-1-ol.


name: netrin receptor activity involved in chemoattraction

description: Combining with a netrin signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to contribute to the directed movement of a motile cell towards a higher concentration of netrin.


plastid outer membrane organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the outer membrane of a plastid.


name: G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

description: A G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity, occurring in the postsynaptic membrane, involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential.


phosphagen metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphagen, any of a group of guanidine phosphates that occur in muscle and can be used to regenerate ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.


quinone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving quinone.


cellular response to mycophenolic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mycophenolic acid stimulus.


name: H3-H4 histone complex chaperone activity

description: A histone chaperone that carries a H3-H4 histone complex.


name: glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor production

description: The regulated release of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor from a cell. Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a small protein that potently promotes the survival of many types of neurons, notably dopaminergic and motor neurons.


regulation of adaptive immune response

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an adaptive immune response.


T-helper 1 cell chemotaxis

description: The directed movement of a T-helper 1 cell in response to an external stimulus.


response to temperature stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a temperature stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: guanosine9 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + N1-methylguanosine9 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


name: positive regulation of apoptotic process in another organism

description: Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death by apoptosis in a second organism.


name: transcription regulatory region RNA binding

description: Binding to a RNA region within the transcript that regulates the transcription of a gene, cistron, or operon.


mitochondrial gene expression

description: The process in which a mitochondrial gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA or circRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA or circRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.


detoxification

description: Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of a toxic substance. These may include transport of the toxic substance away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of the toxic substance.


name: regulation of antifungal innate immune response

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an antifungal innate immune response.


response to oxygen-containing compound

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oxygen-containing compound stimulus.


name: protein localization to endoplasmic reticulum

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the endoplasmic reticulum.


regulation of B cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell apoptotic process.


xanthosine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xanthosine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-butyrate + UDP-D-glucose = indole-3-butyryl-beta-1-D-glucose + UDP.


dUTP diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dUTP + H2O = dUMP + H+ + diphosphate.


UTP catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of UTP, uridine (5'-)triphosphate.


UDP phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP + H2O = UMP + phosphate.


styrene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving styrene, an aromatic hydrocarbon liquid soluble in ether and alcohol. When heated, exposed to light or added to a peroxide catalyst, it undergoes polymerization to form polystyrene, a versatile material used in the manufacture of plastics, synthetic rubber, thermal insulation, and packaging. Styrene is a classified mutagen and a suspected carcinogen.


name: adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate from one side of a membrane to the other.


carnosine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the dipeptide beta-alanyl-L-histidine (carnosine).


austinol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of austinol.


orlandin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of orlandin.


name: neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to oxidative stress

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a neuron. The pathway is induced in response to oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.


name: cholesterol ester hydrolysis involved in cholesterol transport

description: The cholesterol metabolic process in which cholesterol esters are hydrolyzed into free fatty acids and cholesterol in the lysosome that contributes to intracellular cholesterol transport.


name: proprioception involved in equilibrioception

description: The series of events contributing to equilibrioception by which an organism senses the position, location, orientation, and movement of the body and its parts. Proprioception plays an important role in the ability of an organism to perceive its orientation with respect to gravity.


name: positive regulation of cell cycle checkpoint

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle checkpoint.


name: positive regulation of torso signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the torso signaling pathway.


name: regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of thymocyte death by apoptotic process.


cellular response to ATP

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ATP (adenosine 5'-triphosphate) stimulus.


semaphorin receptor activity

description: Combining with a semaphorin, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


vancomycin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving vancomycin, (3S,6R,7R,11R,23S,26S,30aS,36R,38aR)-44-[2-O-(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-3-C-methyl-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy]-3-(carbamoylmethyl)-10,19-dichloro-2,3,4,5,6,7,23,25,26,36,37,38,38a-tetradecahydro-7,22,28,30,32-pentahydroxy-6-(N-methyl-D-leucyl)-2,5,24,38,39-pentaoxo-1H,22H-23,36-(epiminomethano)-8,11:18,21-dietheno-13,16:31,35-di(metheno)[1,6,9]oxadiazacyclohexadecino[4,5-m][10,2,16]benzoxadiazacyclotetracosine-26-carboxylic acid, a complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis that inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in Gram-positive bacteria.


name: negative regulation by virus of host cell division

description: Any process where an infecting virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of its host's cell division.


name: adrenomedullin receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular adrenomedullin combining with a dimeric adrenomedullin receptor on the surface of the target cell.


regulatory ncRNA 3'-end processing

description: Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of a regulatory non-coding RNA molecule.


alpha-tubulin acetylation

description: The addition of an acetyl group to the lysine 40 residue of alpha-tubulin.


name: pyrimidine-containing compound catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a pyrimidine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains pyrimidine or a formal derivative thereof.


polytene chromosome puffing

description: The decondensing (loosening) and swelling of the chromosomal sites of target genes on polytene chromosomes following response to a stimulus, to facilitate sudden bursts of transcriptional activity in response to transient environmental signals.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: farnesylfarnesylgeranyl diphosphate + p-hydroxybenzoate = 3-octaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate + diphosphate.


patched ligand maturation

description: The posttranslational modification of members of the Hedgehog family of signaling proteins in order for Hedgehog to exert its biological activity. These modifications include cleavage of its signal sequence, autocatalytic protein cleavage and the attachment of sterol groups.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,6-beta-D-(N-acetyl-B-glucosaminyl-1,2)-beta-D-mannosyl-R + UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,6-beta-D-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-1,2-beta)-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-1,4-beta)-D-mannosyl-R + UDP.


N-glycan fucosylation

description: The process of transferring a fucosyl group to an N-glycan. An N-glycan is the carbohydrate portion of an N-glycoprotein when attached to a nitrogen from asparagine or arginine side-chains.


cellular aldehyde metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving aldehydes, any organic compound with the formula R-CH=O, as carried out by individual cells.


selenocysteine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of selenocysteine, an essential component of glutathione peroxidase and some other proteins.


protein deamination

description: The removal of an amino group from a protein amino acid.


name: medium-chain fatty acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a medium-chain fatty acid. A medium-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 6 to 12 carbons.


D-valine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-valine.


name: gap filling involved in double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining

description: Repair of the gaps in the DNA helix using a discontinuous template during double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining.


name: kaempferol O-glucoside metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving O-glucosylated derivatives of kaempferol.


co-translational protein modification

description: The process of covalently altering one or more amino acids in a protein after translation has begun but before the protein has been released from the ribosome.


D-cysteine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-cysteine, (S)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, which occurs naturally in firefly luciferin.


name: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthetic process, lipid-independent

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytic acid, myo-inositol hexakisphosphate, by the successively phosphorylation of myo-inositol or an inositol trisphosphate; the inositol trisphosphates that may be used by this pathway are inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate and inositol 3,4,6trisphosphate.


name: pore formation in membrane of another organism

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components by an organism to form a pore complex in a membrane of another organism.


galactolipid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine.


protein-lipid complex organization

description: Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein-lipid complex.


fusome organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the fusome, a large intracellular spectrin-rich structure found in insect germline cells and mammalian hematopoietic cells.


name: guanosine-containing compound metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving guanosine-containing compounds (guanosines).


name: negative regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis to fibroblast growth factor

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis to fibroblast growth factor.


candicidin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of candicidin.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (-)-microperfuranone.


valine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving valine, 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid.


name: cell surface receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses protein tyrosine phosphatase activity, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: regulation of cordyol C biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cordyol C biosynthetic process.


name: regulation of muscle cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle cell differentiation.


name: regulation of interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of an interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway.


name: chloramphenicol transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of chloramphenicol, a broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis, from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: rolling circle single-stranded viral DNA replication

description: A rolling circle viral DNA replication that begins with a single-stranded viral DNA genome.


UDP-glucuronate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-glucuronate, a substance composed of glucuronic acid in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


UDP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP, uridine (5'-)diphosphate.


name: positive regulation of response to external stimulus

description: Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of a response to an external stimulus.


endothelin receptor signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by endothelin binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate, a natural product found in plant tissues. It is a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of ethylene (ethene), a fruit-ripening hormone in plants.


arugosin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arugosin.


name: nucleic acid-protein covalent cross-linking

description: The formation of a covalent cross-link between a nucleic acid and a protein.


malolactic fermentation

description: The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of L-malate to L-lactate and carbon dioxide, yielding energy in the form of ATP.


name: protein localization to presynaptic membrane

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a presynaptic membrane.


p-cumate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of p-cumate.


short tract gene conversion

description: A gene conversion process in which a segment of about 50-200 base pairs is transferred from the donor to the acceptor.


name: termination of Roundabout signal transduction

description: The signaling process in which signaling from the receptor ROBO is brought to an end, rather than being reversibly modulated.


dihydrolipoamide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dihydrolipoamide, the reduced form of lipoamide, produced as an intermediate in the reactions in which lipoamide acts as a cofactor.


monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the incorporation of one atom from molecular oxygen into a compound and the reduction of the other atom of oxygen to water.


name: nuclear protein quality control by the ubiquitin-proteasome system

description: A protein quality control pathway that results in the breakdown of misfolded, damaged or unassembled proteins via a mechanism in which the proteins are ubiquitinated, and then targeted to nuclear proteasomes for degradation.


name: tRNA threonylcarbamoyladenosine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving tRNA threonylcarbamoyladenosine, a modified nucleoside found in some tRNA molecules.


name: regulation of Wnt signaling pathway involved in heart development

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, resulting a change in cell state that contributes to the progression of the heart over time.


name: protein-phosphoribosyl dephospho-coenzyme A linkage

description: The linkage of phosphoribosyl dephospho-coenzyme A to protein via peptidyl-serine, to form O-(phosphoribosyl dephospho-coenzyme A)-L-serine; it is uncertain whether the phosphoribosyl glycosidic attachment to the dephospho-coenzyme A is alpha or beta, and through the 2' or the 3' position.


monosaccharide binding

description: Binding to a monosaccharide. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates; they are polyhydroxy aldehydes H[CH(OH)]nC(=O)H or polyhydroxy ketones H[CHOH]nC(=O)[CHOH]mH with three or more carbon atoms. They form the constitutional repeating units of oligo- and polysaccharides.


name: regulation of branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis by extracellular matrix-epithelial cell signaling

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of salivary gland branching as a result of the transfer of information from the extracellular matrix to the epithelium of the salivary gland.


cellular response to borneol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a borneol stimulus.


name: DNA replication-dependent chromatin disassembly

description: The disruption of nucleosomes during DNA replication to allow the replication machinery to access the DNA.


ethylene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ethylene (C2-H4, ethene), a simple hydrocarbon gas that can function in plants as a growth regulator.


name: N-terminal protein amino acid N-linked glycosylation

description: Addition of a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit via a nitrogen (N) atom of the N-terminal amino acid of a protein.


granulocyte chemotaxis

description: The movement of a granulocyte in response to an external stimulus.


description: The process of coupling histidine to histidyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by histidyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


histone H3K4 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H3 L-lysine (position 4) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 4). This reaction is the addition of up to three methyl groups to the lysine residue at position 4 of the histone H3 protein.


glycine betaine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine betaine, N-trimethylglycine.


oxalate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of oxalate, the organic acid ethanedioate.


name: semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway involved in regulation of photoreceptor cell axon guidance

description: Any semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway that is involved in regulation of photoreceptor cell axon guidance.


monoterpenoid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving monoterpenoid compounds, terpenoids having a C10 skeleton.


name: calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor activity

description: Combining with a calcitonin gene-related polypeptide (CGRP) to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: opioid growth factor receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an opioid growth factor receptor binding to its physiological ligand, opioid growth factor (OGF, met-enkephalin). The OGF-OGFr complex leads to the increase in the synthesis of the selective cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor proteins, p12 (POLD4) and p16 (CDKN2A).


deoxyribose phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyribose phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 2-deoxy-erythro-pentose.


name: negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway.


name: G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentration

description: A G protein-coupled neurotransmitter receptor activity occurring in the postsynaptic membrane, that is involved in regulating the cytosolic concentration of calcium ions in the postsynapse.


response to hypoxia

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.


name: negative regulation of immune system process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process.


name: response to mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic cell cycle checkpoint signaling.


entry of bacterium into host cell

description: The process in which a bacterium enters a host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


COPI coating of Golgi vesicle

description: The addition of COPI proteins and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of transport vesicles, forming a vesicle coat.


name: virion attachment to host cell flagellum

description: The process by which a virion attaches to a the host cell flagellum. Some DNA bacterial viruses use flagella to attach to the host cell. This contact with the flagellum facilitates concentration of phage particles around the entry receptor on the bacterial cell surface.


name: cellular response to low light intensity stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a low light intensity stimulus. Low light intensity is defined as a level of electromagnetic radiation at or below 0.1 micromols/m2.


name: negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell migration

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell migration.


arabinose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of arabinose, arabino-pentose.


UDP-D-xylose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-D-xylose, uridinediphosphoxylose, a substance composed of xylose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


name: phenanthrene catabolic process via trans-9(S),10(S)-dihydrodiolphenanthrene

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenanthrene, a tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, where trans-9(S),10(S)-dihydrodiolphenanthrene is the principal intermediate metabolite.


name: tRNA wobble adenosine to inosine editing

description: The process in which an adenosine in position 34 of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally converted to inosine.


ribitol phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribitol phosphates, any phosphorylated form of ribitol, the pentitol derived formally by reduction of the -CHO group of either D- or L-ribose.


name: modulation of transmission of nerve impulse in another organism

description: The process in which an organism effects a change in the transmission of a nerve impulse in another organism.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoA(4-).


nitrile biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nitrile, an organic compound containing trivalent nitrogen attached to one carbon atom.


mRNA processing

description: Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide.


name: negative regulation of cyclodextrin catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cyclodextrin catabolic process.


localization

description: Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported, tethered to or otherwise maintained in a specific location. In the case of substances, localization may also be achieved via selective degradation.


monosaccharide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving monosaccharides, the simplest carbohydrates. They are polyhydric alcohols containing either an aldehyde or a keto group and between three to ten or more carbon atoms. They form the constitutional repeating units of oligo- and polysaccharides.


methionine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.


name: negative regulation of leukocyte tethering or rolling

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte tethering or rolling.


name: cellular modified amino acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds derived from amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents.


name: transcription elongation-coupled chromatin remodeling

description: A chromatin remodeling process that reestablishes the chromatin structure following the passage of RNA polymerase II during transcription elongation, thus preventing cryptic transcription initiation.


piRNA transcription

description: The cellular synthesis of Piwi-interacting RNA piRNAs, a class of 24- to 30-nucleotide RNA derived from repeat or complex DNA sequence elements and processed by a Dicer-independent mechanism.


isoprene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of isoprene, C5H8.


name: positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell development

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of pancreatic B cell development.


protein localization to nucleolus

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a nucleolus.


ribokinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-ribose = ADP + D-ribose 5-phosphate.


name: extracellular negative regulation of signal transduction

description: Any negative regulation of signal transduction that takes place in extracellular region.


name: negative regulation of demethylkotanin biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of demethylkotanin biosynthetic process.


UDP-glucosylation

description: The covalent attachment of a UDP-glucose residue to a substrate molecule.


regulation of meiotic cell cycle

description: Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the meiotic cell cycle.


name: phenylethylamine biosynthetic process involved in synaptic transmission

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phenylethylamine that contribute to synaptic transmission.


name: corticospinal neuron axon guidance through the internal capsule

description: The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a pyramidal cell that is part of the corticospinal tract is directed after exiting the cerebral cortex through the internal capsule in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


name: ubiquinone biosynthetic process from tyrosine

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ubiquinone, beginning with the conversion of tyrosine to 4-hydroxybenzoate.


name: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the chemokine CXCL12 to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: propionate catabolic process, 2-methylcitrate cycle

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of propionate that occurs in the 2-methylcitrate cycle.


name: positive regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway.


negative regulation of brood size

description: Any process that decreases brood size. Brood size is the number of progeny that survive embryogenesis and are cared for at one time.


cellulose microfibril organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellulose microfibril, any of the cellulose structures laid down in orthogonal layers in a plant cell wall.


name: negative regulation of methanofuran biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of methanofuran biosynthetic process.


name: trans-synaptic signaling by neuropeptide

description: Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse mediated by a peptide ligand crossing the synaptic cleft.


name: positive regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell.


name: antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II

description: The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein.


name: fatty acid beta-oxidation, unsaturated, even number, reductase/isomerase pathway

description: A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway by which fatty acids having cis-double bonds on even-numbered carbons are degraded. In this pathway, the intermediate 2,4-dienoyl-CoA is converted to trans-2-enoyl-CoA by 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase and delta3-delta2-enoyl-CoA isomerase; trans-2-enoyl-CoA returns to the core beta-oxidation pathway for further degradation. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively).


inorganic ion homeostasis

description: Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of inorganic ions within an organism or cell.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host actin cytoskeleton via actin polymerization

description: The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host actin cytoskeleton by polymerizing the host filamentous actin. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


bradykinin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the peptide hormone bradykinin.


lymphocyte costimulation

description: The process of providing, via surface-bound receptor-ligand pairs, a second, antigen-independent, signal in addition to that provided by the B- or T cell receptor to augment B- or T cell activation.


name: lipopolysaccharide-mediated virion attachment to host cell

description: The process by which a virion attaches to a host cell by binding to a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the host cell surface.


name: G protein-coupled cytokinin receptor activity

description: Combining with cytokinin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


nucleoside phosphate binding

description: Binding to nucleoside phosphate.


name: negative regulation of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell differentiation.


name: mitotic DNA replication maintenance of fidelity

description: Any maintenance of fidelity that is involved in mitotic cell cycle DNA replication.


regulation of amoeboid sperm motility

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of amoeboid sperm motility.


2-aminobenzenesulfonate desulfonation

description: The removal of the sulfonate group from 2-aminobenzenesulfonate, an aromatic sulfonate used in organic synthesis and in the manufacture of various dyes and medicines.


name: metanephric glomerular basement membrane development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric glomerular basement membrane over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the metanephric glomerulus which performs the actual filtration.


name: positive regulation of T-helper cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper cell differentiation.


response to symbiont

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a symbiont, an organism living with an organism of a different species in close physical association. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


root cap mucilage biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mucilage that occur in the root cap; mucilage is normally synthesized during root growth.


synergid death

description: Synergid cells undergo degeneration and death in response to penetration by the pollen tube. It is an active process that involves a dramatic decrease in cell volume, collapse of the vacuoles, and complete disintegration of the plasma membrane and most organelles.


mast cell migration

description: The movement of a mast cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a hydroxyanthraquinone + UDP-D-glucose = a glucosyloxyanthraquinone + UDP.


short neuropeptide F receptor activity

description: Combining with a short neuropeptide F and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. Short neuropeptide F is an arthropod peptide of less than 28 residues (as small as 8-10 residues in some species) with a C-terminal RFamide or LRFamide.


name: resolution of mitotic recombination intermediates

description: The cleavage and rejoining of intermediates, mitotic recombination to produce two intact molecules in which genetic material has been exchanged.


nephron development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nephron over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney.


name: endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition

description: A transition where an endocardial cushion cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.


aldaric acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aldaric acid, any dicarboxylic acid formed by oxidation of by the terminal groups of an aldose to carboxyl group.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host JAK-STAT cascade via inhibition of host IRF9 activity

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupt a JAK-STAT signal cascade in the host organism by reducing the activity of host IRF9 (interferon regulatory factor-9), a transcription factor involved in the innate immune response. For example, viral infection triggers binding of IRF9 to phosphorylated STAT1 and STAT2, forming the ISGF3 complex. The ISGF3 complex migrates to the nucleus and activates transcription of IFN-responsive genes.


isovaleryl-CoA(4-) biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isovaleryl-CoA(4-).


name: symbiont-mediated activation of host signal transduction pathway via agonism of host cell surface receptor

description: A process in which a symbiont subverts a signal transduction pathway in the host organism by binding to and enhancing the activation of the receptor of the pathway. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


dimethyl sulfoxide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO (C2H6OS), an alkyl sulfoxide that is practically odorless in its purified form. As a highly polar organic liquid, it is a powerful solvent. Its biological activities include the ability to penetrate plant and animal tissues and to preserve living cells during freezing.


name: cell wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein that consist of a core-protein backbone O-glycosylated by one or more complex carbohydrates.


protein targeting

description: The process of targeting specific proteins to particular regions of the cell, typically membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif.


name: planar cell polarity pathway involved in heart morphogenesis

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors signal via downstream effectors including C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) to modulate cytoskeletal elements and control cell polarity that contributes to the shaping of the heart.


sesquiterpene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sesquiterpenes, any of a class of terpenes of the formula C15H24 or a derivative of such a terpene.


name: protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + a protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate; ATP + a protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate; and ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.


cellular response to L-dopa

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-dopa stimulus.


mRNA 5'-diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of a 5' terminal diphosphate from the 5'-triphosphate end of an mRNA, leaving a 5'-monophosphate end.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing N1-methylguanine.


name: positive regulation of T cell activation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: gallate + UDP-D-glucose = 1-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose + UDP.


immunoglobulin mediated immune response

description: An immune response mediated by immunoglobulins, whether cell-bound or in solution.


neuregulin receptor activity

description: Combining with a neuregulin, a member of the EGF family of growth factors, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: regulation of erythrocyte differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte differentiation.


cellular pigment accumulation

description: The aggregation of coloring matter in a particular location in a cell, occurring in response to some external stimulus.


name: regulation of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation.


name: negative regulation of interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of an interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway.


name: terpenoid biosynthetic process, mevalonate-dependent

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoids via isopentenyl diphosphate, synthesized by the mevalonate pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in terpenoid biosynthesis, and in mevalonate-dependent terpenoid biosynthesis, acetate, in the form of acetyl-CoA, is converted to isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) through a series of mevalonate intermediates.


chlorophyll a metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving chlorophyll a.


name: L-cysteine catabolic process via cystine, using glutathione-cystine transhydrogenase

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown, via the compound cystine, of L-cysteine, catalyzed by the enzyme glutathione-cystine transhydrogenase.


regulation of system process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a system process, a multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system.


name: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by chemokine CCL5 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


nuclear envelope organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear envelope.


D-amino acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids.


beta-alanine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-alanine (3-aminopropanoic acid), an achiral amino acid and an isomer of alanine. It occurs free (e.g. in brain) and in combination (e.g. in pantothenate) but it is not a constituent of proteins.


description: A process which occurs as part of viral mRNA translation which allows expression of a downstream open reading frame (ORF) in a dicistronic mRNA. In this process, ribosomes translate the upstream ORF but following termination, a proportion of 40S subunits remain tethered to the mRNA and go on to re-initiate translation at the start codon of the downstream ORF.


name: negative regulation of hemicellulose catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hemicellulose catabolic process.


extracellular matrix-cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information between the extracellular matrix and a cell.


name: positive regulation of glucose transmembrane transport

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucose transport across a membrane. Glucose transport is the directed movement of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: negative regulation of DNA damage checkpoint

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a DNA damage checkpoint.


name: octaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 5 isopentenyl diphosphate = 5 diphosphate + all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate.


cellular response to dimethyl sulfoxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a dimethyl sulfoxide stimulus.


nitroglycerin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitroglycerin, a well-known nitrate ester and an important component of dynamite and other propellants. Toxic to algae, invertebrate, and vertebrates.


cresol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cresol, a mixture of the aromatic alcohol isoforms o-, p-, and m-cresol, which is obtained from coal tar or petroleum. The isomers are used as disinfectants, textile scouring agents, surfactants and as intermediates in the manufacture of salicylaldehyde, coumarin, and herbicides as well as being a major component of creosote.


name: mRNA base-pairing translational repressor activity

description: A translation repressor activity that acts by base-pairing with an mRNA. The binding can result in targeting the mRNA for degradation or interfering with mRNA translation, hence resulting in posttranscriptional gene silencing.


L-amino acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving an L-amino acid.


protein localization to rhabdomere

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a rhabdomere.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosaminylproteoglycan + UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine = N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,4-beta-D-glucuronyl-N-acetyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosaminylproteoglycan + UDP.


dermonecrosis in another organism

description: The disruption of the skin of another organism, leading to damage or temporary subversion of the skin.


small molecule biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of small molecules, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule.


name: symbiont-mediated migration through host transepithelium

description: A process in which a symbiont moves from one side of an epithelium to the other within its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


N-terminal peptidyl-serine acetylation

description: The acetylation of the N-terminal serine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetyl-L-serine.


name: benzoate catabolic process via hydroxylation

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of benzoate, by its hydroxylation to cis-1,2-dihydroxybenzoate followed by dehydrogenation to catechol.


name: positive regulation of antifungal innate immune response

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an antifungal innate immune response.


name: protection from non-homologous end joining at telomere

description: A process that prevents non-homologous end joining at telomere, thereby ensuring that telomeres do not fuse.


name: positive regulation of collagen metabolic process

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the metabolism of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals.


pumilio-response element binding

description: Binding to a region of RNA containing a Pumilio-response element element. The consensus sequence for the element is UGUAAAUA.


name: 23S rRNA (guanine(1835)-N(2))-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanosine(1835) in 23S rRNA = N(2)-methylguanosine(1835) in 23S rRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


anaerobic benzoate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving benzoate, the anion of benzoic acid (benzenecarboxylic acid) that occur in the absence of oxygen.


sulfotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate.


kanamycin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving kanamycin.


propylene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving propylene, an alkene produced by catalytic or thermal cracking of hydrocarbons or as a by-product of petroleum refining. It is used mainly in the preparation of alkylates for gasoline and in the production of polypropylene, acrylonitrile, propylene oxide and a number of other industrial chemicals.


name: peripheral nervous system myelin maintenance

description: The process in which the structure and material content of mature peripheral nervous system myelin is kept in a functional state.


name: mating projection actin fusion focus assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an actin fusion focus.


cellular response to bismuth

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bismuth (Bi) stimulus.


male pronuclear envelope synthesis

description: Assembly of a nuclear envelope containing nuclear pores and a lamina around the male pronucleus, the final step in sperm pronuclear formation.


quorum sensing

description: The cell-cell signaling process in which single-celled organisms carry out coordinated responses by monitoring their own population density, and often also that of other microbes, by producing small, diffusible, signal molecules, detecting the concentration of these molecules, and triggering a signal transduction pathway when a certain threshold is reached. Quorum sensing can occur amongst microbial communities in the environment or within host organisms.


name: cysteine biosynthetic process via cystathionine

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cysteine, via the intermediate cystathionine.


name: cytochrome c-heme linkage via heme-L-cysteine

description: The linkage of cytochromes and other heme proteins to heme via heme-L-cysteine.


name: positive regulation of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway.


K antigen biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a K antigen, a capsular polysaccharide antigen carried on the surface of bacterial capsules that masks somatic (O) antigens.


regulation of respiratory burst

description: Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, a substance composed of N-acetylglucosamine, a common structural unit of oligosaccharides, in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


name: cellular response to carbohydrate stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbohydrate stimulus.


caprolactam metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving caprolactam, hexahydro-2h-azepin-2-one, a cyclic amide of caproic acid used in manufacture of synthetic fibers of the polyamide type. It can cause local irritation.


membrane tubulation

description: A membrane organization process resulting in the formation of a tubular projection. This may face inwardly (as in tubular membrane invaginations) or outwardly (as in endosomal tubules).


description: The process of coupling threonine to threonyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by threonyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-(3-hydroxy)phenylpropionate, a hydroxylated derivative of phenylpropionate.


name: tricyclic triterpenoid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tricyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with 6 isoprene units and 3 carbon rings.


reuteran metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving reuteran, a soluble glucan polymer with mainly alpha-(1->4) glycosidic linkages and significant amounts of alpha-(1->6) and alpha-(1->4,6) glucosidic linkages.


ethanol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethanol, CH3-CH2-OH, a colorless, water-miscible, flammable liquid produced by alcoholic fermentation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: queuosine34 in tRNA + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = H+ + O-5''-beta-D-galactosylqueuosine34 in tRNATyr + UDP. Substrates include tRNA(Tyr) and tRNA(Asp).


ecdysteroid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ecdysteroids, a group of polyhydroxylated ketosteroids ubiquitous in insects and other arthropods, in which they initiate post-embryonic development, including the metamorphosis of immature forms and the development of the reproductive system and the maturation of oocytes in adult females.


name: cellular response to type III interferon

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a type III interferon stimulus. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


name: CoA-dependent peptidyl-lysine N6-palmitoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl-[protein] + hexadecanoyl-CoA = CoA + H+ + N(6)-hexadecanoyl-L-lysyl-[protein].


farnesyl diphosphate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of farnesyl diphosphate.


name: positive regulation of toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway.


name: guanosine tetraphosphate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.


trans-synaptic signaling by soluble gas

description: Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse mediated by a soluble gas ligand crossing the synaptic cleft.


name: chanoclavine-I aldehyde metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving chanoclavine-I aldehyde.


name: cellular response to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxine stimulus.


myeloid leukocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of any cell of the myeloid leukocyte lineage.


cellular response to staurosporine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a staurosporine stimulus.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH-OH group of donors

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group act as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.


regulation of cell cycle process

description: Any process that modulates a cellular process that is involved in the progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events.


phosphagen catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphagen, any of a group of guanidine phosphates that occur in muscle and can be used to regenerate ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.


name: regulation of toll-like receptor 13 signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 13 signaling pathway.


tRNA methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from a donor to a nucleoside residue in a tRNA molecule.


glucosamine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucosamine (2-amino-2-deoxyglucopyranose), an aminodeoxysugar that occurs in combined form in chitin.


negative regulation of TOR signaling

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of TOR signaling.


name: cellular response to molecule of oomycetes origin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus by molecules of oomycetes origin.


viral genome integration into host DNA

description: The insertion into a host genome of viral DNA, usually by the action of an integrase enzyme. Once integrated, the provirus persists in the host cell and serves as a template for the transcription of viral genes and replication of the viral genome, leading to the production of new viruses.


alcohol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom.


cinnamic acid ester metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ester derivatives of cinnamic acid, phenylpropenoic acid.


name: regulation of deadenylation-independent decapping of nuclear-transcribed mRNA

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of deadenylation-independent decapping of nuclear-transcribed mRNA.


citrulline biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of citrulline, N5-carbamoyl-L-ornithine, an alpha amino acid not found in proteins.


tyrosine catabolic process to fumarate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tyrosine into other compounds, including fumarate.


fumonisin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fumonisin.


intestinal D-glucose absorption

description: Uptake of D-glucose into the blood by absorption from the small intestine.


luteolin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of luteolin, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one.


name: regulation of epithelial cell migration, open tracheal system

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell migration, open tracheal system.


primary metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism.


cellular response to chlorate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chlorate stimulus.


fucosylation

description: The covalent attachment of a fucosyl group to an acceptor molecule.


name: cytokine production involved in immune response

description: The appearance of a cytokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus contributing to an immune response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


regulation of T cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of T cell death by apoptotic process.


snRNA stem-loop binding

description: Binding to a stem-loop in a small nuclear RNA (snRNA). An RNA stem-loop is a secondary RNA structure consisting of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) stem and a terminal loop.


bacterial-type flagellum assembly

description: The assembly of a bacterial-type flagellum, a motor complex composed of an extracellular helical protein filament coupled to a rotary motor embedded in the cell envelope which functions in cell motility.


name: membrane depolarization during AV node cell action potential

description: The process in which AV node cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


mitochondrion inheritance

description: The distribution of mitochondria, including the mitochondrial genome, into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis, mediated by interactions between mitochondria and the cytoskeleton.


intralumenal vesicle formation

description: The invagination of the endosome membrane and resulting formation of a vesicle within the lumen of the endosome.


dibenzofuran metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzofuran, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one ether bond and one carbon-carbon bond. Dibenzofuran is a white crystalline solid created from the production of coal tar and used as an insecticide and an intermediate in the production of other chemicals.


name: exit of virus from host cell nucleus by nuclear egress

description: The directed movement of an assembled viral particle out of the host cell nucleus by budding and fusion through the nuclear membranes. In this process, enveloped viral particles are formed by budding through the inner nuclear membrane. These perinuclear enveloped particles then fuse with the outer nuclear membrane to deliver a naked capsid into the host cytoplasm.


name: inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol trisphosphate, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, with three phosphate groups attached.


glutamate decarboxylation to succinate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of succinate from glutamate. Also known as GABA (gamma-aminobutyrate) shunt since it channels glutamate into the TCA cycle bypassing two steps of that cycle. There are three enzymes involved in the GABA shunt: glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), GABA aminotransferase (GABA-TA), and succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH). These three enzymes acting in concert to convert glutamate into succinate. The GABA shunt is predominantly associated with neurotransmission in the mammalian brain. It is also present in nonneuronal cells, in plants, in unicellular eukaryotes, and in prokaryotes.


name: positive regulation of membrane permeability

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the passage or uptake of molecules by a membrane.


insulin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of insulin.


macrophage migration

description: The orderly movement of a macrophage from one site to another.


regulation of platelet formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of platelet formation.


cellular response to type I interferon

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a type I interferon stimulus. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.


xylulose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylulose, the ketopentose threo-2-pentulose.


protein desumoylation

description: The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is cleaved from its target protein.


pyoverdine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the siderochrome pyoverdine.


name: cellular response to actin cytoskeletal stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of perturbations or damage to the actin cytoskeleton.


succinyl-CoA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving succinyl-CoA, a compound composed of the monovalent acyl group 3-carboxypropanoyl, derived from succinic acid by loss of one OH group, linked to coenzyme A.


bile acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile.


name: positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of thymocyte death by apoptotic process.


name: positive regulation of cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation.


name: maintenance of DNA trinucleotide repeats

description: Any process involved in sustaining the fidelity and copy number of DNA trinucleotide repeats. DNA trinucleotide repeats are naturally occurring runs of three base-pairs.


cellular response to hormone stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus.


name: protein localization to non-motile cilium

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a non-motile cilium.


violaceol I metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving violaceol I.


name: positive regulation of antimicrobial humoral response

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an antimicrobial humoral response.


FAD biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of FAD, the oxidized form of flavin-adenine dinucleotide.


name: negative regulation of Rac protein signal transduction

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Rac protein signal transduction.


calcitonin family receptor activity

description: Combining with any member of the calcitonin family (e.g. adrenomedullin, adrenomedullin 2 (intermedin), amylin, calcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRPs)) to initiate a change in cell activity.


oxygen metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving diatomic oxygen (O2).


response to heat

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.


name: viral budding from endoplasmic reticulum membrane

description: A viral budding that starts with formation of a membrane curvature in the host ER membrane.


dinucleotide phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a dinucleotide + H2O = 2 mononucleotides.


violaceol II metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving violaceol II.


protein localization to chloroplast

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a location in a chloroplast.


translation reinitiation

description: A gene-specific translational control mechanism where the small ribosomal subunit remains attached to the mRNA following termination of translation, then resumes scanning on the same mRNA molecule and initiates again at a downstream start site. Reinitiation depends on de novo recruitment of the ternary complex that is required to recognize the next AUG codon.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host inflammasome-mediated signal transduction

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or stops an inflammasome-mediated signal transduction pathway in the host organism by interfering with its normal execution. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


miRNA catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of miRNA, microRNA, a class of single-stranded RNA molecules of about 21-23 nucleotides in length, which regulates gene expression.


name: negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals.


mature follicle stage

description: The stage in oogenesis when the antrum is swollen with follicular fluid. The ovum is ready to erupt from the ovary and is arrested at metaphase of the second meiotic division.


leukotriene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid.


ubiquitin-like protein ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a ubiquitin-like protein (ULP) to a substrate protein via the reaction X-ULP + S = X + S-ULP, where X is either an E2 or E3 enzyme, the X-ULP linkage is a thioester bond, and the S-ULP linkage is an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal glycine of ULP and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in the substrate.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of omega-hydroxyceramide/acylceramide.


name: regulation of sinapate ester biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sinapate ester biosynthesis.


cytoplasmic microtubule organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in the cytoplasm of a cell.


rescue of stalled ribosome

description: A process of translational elongation that takes place when a ribosome has stalled during translation, and results in freeing the ribosome from the stalled translation complex.


protein K63-linked ubiquitination

description: A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 63 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K63-linked ubiquitination does not target the substrate protein for degradation, but is involved in several pathways, notably as a signal to promote error-free DNA postreplication repair.


glucose catabolic process to butyrate

description: The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose, with the production of acetic acid, butyric acid, carbon dioxide (CO2), and dihydrogen; effected by some saccharolytic species of Clostridium, e.g. C. butyricum.


protein K11-linked deubiquitination

description: A protein deubiquitination process in which a K11-linked ubiquitin chain, i.e. a polymer of ubiquitin formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 11 of the ubiquitin monomers, is removed from a protein.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + UDP-D-galactose = 2-(alpha-D-galactosyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + H+ + UDP.


PR-toxin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of PR-toxin, a bicyclic sesquiterpene belonging to the eremophilane class and acting as a mycotoxin.


glutamate N-acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine + L-glutamate = N-acetyl-L-glutamate + L-ornithine.


name: positive regulation of glutamate receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glutamate receptor signaling pathway.


peptidyl-serine modification

description: The modification of peptidyl-serine.


prenylcysteine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of prenylcysteine, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl-cysteine, a derivative of the amino acid cysteine formed by the covalent addition of a prenyl residue.


ubiquinone-6 metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ubiquinone-6. Ubiquinone-6 is a ubiquinone compound having a (2E,6E,10E,14E,18E)-3,7,11,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaen-1-yl substituent at position 2.


quercetin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of quercetin.


tryptophan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid; tryptophan is synthesized from chorismate via anthranilate.


name: proteinogenic amino acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any amino acid that is incorporated into protein naturally by ribosomal translation of mRNA, and that has a specific codon for translation from mRNA to protein.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,6E,10E)-geranylgeranyl diphosphate + sn-glycerol 1-phosphate = diphosphate + sn-3-O-(geranylgeranyl)glycerol 1-phosphate.


photosynthesis, dark reaction

description: A complex cycle of enzyme-mediated reactions which catalyzes the reduction of carbon dioxide to sugar. As well as carbon dioxide the cycle requires reducing power in the form of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The reduced NADP (NADPH) and ATP are produced by the 'light' reactions.


name: symbiont-mediated cell-to-cell migration in host

description: The directional movement of a symbiont from one host cell to another.


name: N-terminal peptidyl-cysteine condensation with pyruvate to form N-pyruvic acid 2-iminyl-L-cysteine

description: The condensation of pyruvate through the 2-oxo group with the N-terminal cysteine of proteins to form the derivative N-pyruvic acid 2-iminyl-L-cysteine.


name: protein localization to actomyosin contractile ring

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the actomyosin contractile ring.


tricarboxylic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing three carboxyl (-COOH) groups.


cellular component organization

description: A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component.


name: symbiont entry into host cell via disruption of host cell glycocalyx

description: The disruption by a symbiont of host cell capsule to allow entry into the host cell.


name: positive regulation of skeletal muscle fiber differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle fiber differentiation.


nylon metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving nylon, a polymer where the main polymer chain comprises recurring amide groups; these compounds are generally formed from combinations of diamines, diacids and amino acids.


cis-zeatin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cis-zeatin, (2Z)-2-methyl-4-(9H-purin-6-ylamino)but-2-en-1-ol.


beta-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds.


methane metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving methane, a colorless, odorless, flammable gas with the formula CH4. It is the simplest of the alkanes.


peptidyl-threonine autophosphorylation

description: The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own threonine amino acid residues, or a threonine residue on an identical protein.


lipid A biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipid A, the glycolipid group of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, consisting of four to six fatty acyl chains linked to two glucosamine residues. Further modifications of the backbone are common.


peptidyl-cysteine oxidation

description: The oxidation of peptidyl-cysteine to peptidyl-L-cysteine sulfinic acid or peptidyl-L-cysteine sulfenic acid.


histone H3K4 deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H3 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 4) + H2O = histone H3 L-lysine (position 4) + acetate. This reaction represents the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 4 of the histone H3 protein.


name: regulation of cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway.


telomeric loop formation

description: The process in which linear telomeric DNA is remodeled into duplex loops, by the invasion of a 3' single-stranded overhang into the duplex region.


name: histone H4K20 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H4 L-lysine (position 20) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H4 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 20). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the lysine residue at position 20 of the histone H4 protein.


name: fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in hemopoiesis

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands, which contributes to hemopoiesis.


name: negative regulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling pathway.


phage shock

description: A response by bacterial cells to a variety of stresses including filamentous phage infection, mislocalization of envelope proteins, extremes of temperature, osmolarity or ethanol concentration, and the presence of proton ionophores such as carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), that involves expression of the phage shock protein operon, and acts to protect the bacterial cells from damage.


name: positive regulation of platelet aggregation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of platelet aggregation. Platelet aggregation is the adhesion of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules.


name: cellular response to copper ion starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of copper ions.


ITP diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ITP + H2O = IMP + H+ + diphosphate.


name: semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway involved in axon guidance

description: Any semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway that is involved in axon guidance.


name: arachidonic acid 8,9-epoxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of an NADPH- and oxygen-dependent reaction that converts arachidonic acid to cis-8,9-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid.


glucuronoxylan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving xylan, a polymer containing a beta-(1->4)-linked D-xylose backbone decorated with glucuronic acid side units.


name: regulation of chromosome attachment to the nuclear envelope

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, extent or location of chromosome attachment to the nuclear envelope.


formamide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving formamide, the simplest amide, HCONH2, derived from formic acid.


name: negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell apoptotic process.


cytochrome P450 4A1-heme linkage

description: The covalent linkage of heme to cytochrome P450 4A1 via hydroxyheme-L-glutamyl ester.


name: positive regulation of hemicellulose catabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hemicellulose catabolic process.


negative regulation of JNK cascade

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the JNK cascade.


name: negative regulation of C-C chemokine receptor CCR7 signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of C-C chemokine receptor CCR7 signaling pathway.


jasmonic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving jasmonic acid, a fatty acid derivative with the formula (1R-(1 alpha, 2 beta(Z)))-3-oxo-2-(2-pentenyl)cyclopentaneacetic acid.


response to peptide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide stimulus.


cellular response to interleukin-1

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-1 stimulus.


melatonin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine).


name: cellular response to lipid hydroperoxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid hydroperoxide stimulus. Lipid hydroperoxide is the highly reactive primary oxygenated products of polyunsaturated fatty acids.


name: symbiont-mediated arrest of host cell cycle during G2/M transition

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with the progression of the host mitotic cell cycle from G2 phase to M phase, leading to arrest in G2 phase. The arrest in G2/M allows some viruses to replicate their genome before cells enter mitosis. Alternatively, it can inhibit the antiviral immune response by preventing the clonal expansion of infected lymphocytes.


transmembrane-ephrin receptor activity

description: Combining with a transmembrane ephrin to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: RNA splicing, via transesterification reactions with guanosine as nucleophile

description: Splicing of RNA via a series of two transesterification reactions with exogenous guanosine as the initiating nucleophile.


NADP-malic enzyme C4 photosynthesis

description: The process of C4 photosynthesis, as it occurs in plants in which the enzyme decarboxylating C4 acids in the bundle sheath is NADP-malic enzyme.


ribonucleoside metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine or pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


immunoglobulin production

description: The appearance of immunoglobulin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside, a basic anthocyanin responsible for red to magenta coloration of flowers and fruits.


name: p-hydroxyphenyl lignin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving p-hydroxyphenyl lignin.


CDP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CDP, cytidine (5'-)diphosphate.


name: wobble position guanine ribose methylation

description: The process in which the ribose of guanosine at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally methylated at the 2'-O position.


name: peptidyl-proline hydroxylation to 3-hydroxy-L-proline

description: The modification of peptidyl-proline to form 3-hydroxy-L-proline; catalyzed by procollagen-proline 3-dioxygenase.


(1->4)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->4)-alpha-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


name: modulation of G protein-coupled receptor activity in another organism

description: The process in which an organism effects a change in the activity of a G protein-coupled receptor in a second organism.


name: regulation of Cdc42 protein signal transduction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Cdc42 protein signal transduction.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate.


fetal process involved in parturition

description: A reproductive process occurring in the embryo that results in birth.


name: galactose:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: galactose(out) + Na+(out) = glucose(in) + Na+(in).


name: viral release via disruption of host outer membrane

description: The dissemination of mature viral particles from a host cell via the destabilization of the cell outer membrane.


name: conversion of methionyl-tRNA to N-formyl-methionyl-tRNA

description: The modification process that results in the conversion of methionine charged on a tRNA(fMet) to N-formyl-methionine-tRNA(fMet).


peptidyl-cysteine S-acetylation

description: The acetylation of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-acetyl-L-cysteine.


DNA ADP-ribosylation

description: The covalent attachment of an ADP-ribosyl group to a residue in double-stranded DNA.


mitochondrial protein quality control

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of misfolded proteins in the mitochondrion, which are targeted for degradation.


name: symbiont-mediated evasion of recognition by host pattern recognition receptor

description: A process by which a symbiont avoids recognition by host's innate immune response by altering or concealing a conserved molecule recognized by the host's cell surface and intracellular pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like and NOD-like receptors. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand.


name: positive regulation of mitotic cytokinesis, division site positioning

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinesis, division site positioning.


glycerol ether metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol ethers, any anhydride formed between two organic hydroxy compounds, one of which is glycerol.


CD40 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the cell surface receptor CD40 to one of its physiological ligands, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: symbiont-mediated disruption of host chloroplast thylakoid

description: The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host cell chloroplast thylakoid. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


engulfment of target by autophagosome

description: The membrane invagination process by which an autophagosomal membrane surrounds an object that will be degraded by macroautophagy.


name: cellular response to sodium dodecyl sulfate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) stimulus.


protein K6-linked ubiquitination

description: A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 6 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K6-linked ubiquitination is involved in DNA repair.


phosphoarginine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphoarginine, a phosphorylated derivative of the amino acid arginine.


autophagosome assembly

description: The formation of a double membrane-bounded structure, the autophagosome, that occurs when a specialized membrane sac, called the isolation membrane, starts to enclose a portion of the cytoplasm.


name: negative regulation of diorcinol biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of diorcinol biosynthetic process.


name: saturated monocarboxylic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving saturated monocarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (COOH) group or anion (COO-) and fully saturated C-C bonds.


description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: alpha-ketoglutarate(out) + H+(out) = alpha-ketoglutarate(in) + H+(in).


name: positive regulation of mitotic cytokinesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cytokinesis.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host cellular process

description: A process in which a symbiont initiates, promotes, or enhances the execution of a cellular process in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: protein C-linked glycosylation via tryptophan

description: The glycosylation of a carbon atom of a peptidyl-tryptophan residue.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-adenosylhomocysteine; the L-enantiomer is formed from S-adenosylmethionine and is a strong inhibitor of S-adenosylmethionine-mediated methylation reactions. It can be cleaved to form adenosine and homocysteine.


interleukin-19 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-19 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-xylose + zeatin = O-beta-D-xylosylzeatin + H+ + UDP.


name: regulation of cellulose catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellulose catabolic process.


name: peptidyl-tyrosine dehydrogenation to form (Z)-2,3-didehydrotyrosine

description: The oxidation of the C alpha-C beta bond of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-(Z)-2,3-didehydrotyrosine coupled with cyclization of neighboring residues.


name: regulation of alpha-glucan metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving alpha-glucans.