name: macrophage migration inhibitory factor production

description: The appearance of macrophage migration inhibitory factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: regulation of cellobiose metabolic process

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellobiose metabolic process.


name: sulfide oxidation, using sulfur dioxygenase

description: A sulfide oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by sulfur dioxygenase.


alpha-1,3-glucan synthase activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + [alpha-D-glucosyl-(1,3)]n = UDP + [alpha-D-glucosyl-(1,3)]n+1.


mitochondrial RNA processing

description: The conversion of a primary RNA molecule transcribed from a mitochondrial genome into one or more mature RNA molecules; occurs in the mitochondrion.


sensory perception of low humidity

description: The series of events required for an organism to detect low environmental humidity, convert this detection into a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


cellular response to biotin starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of biotin.


ligand-gated calcium channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ions by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


prolactin receptor activity

description: Combining with prolactin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


basophil chemotaxis

description: The movement of a basophil in response to an external stimulus.


name: NMDA selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to an NMDA-selective glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: 5'-(N(7)-methylguanosine 5'-triphospho)-[mRNA] hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 5'-end (N7-methyl 5'-triphosphoguanosine)-ribonucleoside in mRNA + H2O = a 5'-end phospho-ribonucleoside in mRNA + N7-methyl-GDP + H+.


auxin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of auxins, plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-carboxymethylaminomethyluridine34 in tRNA(Leu) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl-2'-O-methyluridine34 in tRNA(Leu) + H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


photoreceptor cell axon guidance

description: The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of a photoreceptor cell axon growth cone to its target in the optic lobe in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


multivesicular body-lysosome fusion

description: The organelle membrane fusion process in which the membrane of a multivesicular body fuses with a lysosome to create a hybrid organelle.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3alpha,7alpha,12beta-trihydroxy-5beta-cholanate + NADP+ = 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5beta-cholanate + H+ + NADPH.


name: protein localization to secretory granule

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a secretory granule.


morphine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of morphine, 17-methyl-7,8-didehydro-4,5alpha-epoxymorphinan-3,6alpha-diol. Morphine is a highly potent opiate analgesic psychoactive drug obtained form the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum.


fonsecin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving fonsecin.


name: succinate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of succinate, the dianion of ethane dicarboxylic acid, from one side of a membrane to the other.


uroporphyrinogen III metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving uroporphyrinogen III, a precursor for synthesis of vitamin B12, chlorophyll, and heme in organisms that produce these compounds.


name: positive regulation of potassium ion import across plasma membrane

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion import across the plasma membrane.


cellular response to rotenone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a rotenone stimulus.


name: disruption of anatomical structure in another organism

description: The disruption of an anatomical structure of another organism, leading to damage or temporary subversion of that structure.


puromycin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of puromycin, an aminonucleoside antibiotic that is a potent inhibitor of translation; produced by the bacterium Streptomyces alboniger.


name: 23S rRNA (adenine(2030)-N(6))-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine(2030) in 23S rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing N(6)-methyladenine(2030) in 23S rRNA.


name: regulation of response to type II interferon

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a response to type II interferon (interferon-gamma). Response to interferon gamma is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus.


name: protein-phycourobilin linkage via phycourobilin-bis-L-cysteine

description: The linkage of the chromophore phycourobilin to phycoerythrins via phycourobilin-bis-L-cysteine.


name: negative regulation of motor neuron apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron apoptotic process.


pyrokinin receptor activity

description: Combining with a pyrokinin and transmitting the signal within the cell to induce a change in cell activity. Pyrokinins are a group of insect neuropeptides that share the common C-terminal pentapeptide sequence Phe-X-Pro-Arg-Leu-NH2 (X = S, T, K, A, or G). They play a central role in diverse physiological processes including stimulation of gut motility, production and release of sex pheromones, diapause, and pupariation.


vindoline biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vindoline.


name: 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated aromatic compound which is widely used as a herbicide, often as a weed killer for home lawns.


name: permeabilization of host organelle membrane involved in viral entry into host cell

description: Induction of organellar membrane permeabilization triggered by an interaction between the host membrane and a membrane-penetration protein associated with a viral capsid. Results in release of the virus contents from an organelle into the host cell cytoplasm.


axonemal microtubule depolymerization

description: The removal of tubulin heterodimers from one or both ends of an axonemal microtubule. An axonemal microtubule is a microtubule in the axoneme of a cilium or flagellum; an axoneme contains nine modified doublet microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules.


name: positive regulation of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway activity.


nuclear DNA replication DNA ligation

description: Any DNA ligation that is involved in nuclear cell cycle DNA replication.


name: negative regulation of type 2 immune response

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a type 2 immune response.


name: positive regulation of response to stimulus

description: Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus.


UCG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UCG codon.


name: positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis to vascular endothelial growth factor

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis to vascular endothelial growth factor.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host-directed shutoff of host translation

description: A process in which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the host shutoff of host translation, a host response that prevents mRNA in the cell to be translated, to prevent the symbiont from expressing its genes. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity, acting on CpNpG substrates

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA containing CpNpG = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA containing 5-MeCpNpG.


interleukin-9 receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-9 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: primary adaptive immune response involving T cells and B cells

description: An adaptive immune response mediated by naive T or B cells against an antigen not previously encountered by immune system.


name: positive regulation of flavonol biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of flavonol biosynthetic process.


name: positive regulation of MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway.


S-adenosylmethionine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism.


name: cellular response to laminar fluid shear stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a laminar fluid shear stress stimulus. Laminar fluid flow is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface in parallel layers.


name: nucleoside:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nucleoside(out) + Na+(out) = nucleoside(in) + Na+(in).


name: regulation of T-helper cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper cell differentiation.


mitomycin C catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mitomycin C.


spermine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of spermine, a polybasic amine found in human sperm, in ribosomes and in some viruses and involved in nucleic acid packaging.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, a cyclic silicone-oxygen ring compound with two methyl groups attached to each silicone atom.


peptide pheromone receptor activity

description: Combining with a peptide pheromone, and transmitting the signal across the membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.


M phase

description: A cell cycle phase during which nuclear division occurs, and which is comprises the phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.


protein adenylylation

description: The addition of an adenylyl group (adenosine 5'-monophosphate; AMP) to a protein amino acid.


name: volume-sensitive chloride channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a volume-sensitive channel. A volume-sensitive channel is a channel that responds to changes in the volume of a cell.


name: activating MHC class Ib receptor activity

description: Combining with a MHC class Ib protein complex to mediate signaling that activates a lymphocyte.


name: hexaprenyl diphosphate synthase (geranylgeranyl-diphosphate specific) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeranyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate = 2 diphosphate + all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate.


glycerol channel activity

description: Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion of glycerol through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel.


regulation of G1 to G0 transition

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of G1 to G0 transition.


dGTP catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dGTP, guanosine triphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-galacturonate + 1,4-alpha-D-galacturonosyl(n) = 1,4-alpha-D-galacturonosyl(n+1) + UDP.


name: signal transduction by p53 class mediator

description: An intracellular signaling process that is induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53 or an equivalent protein.


somatic embryogenesis

description: Initiation of a somatic embryo-an embryo arising from previously differentiated somatic cells, rather than from fused haploid gametes.


name: fungal-type cell wall polysaccharide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the polysaccharides which make up the fungal-type cell wall.


plasma membrane repair

description: The resealing of a cell plasma membrane after cellular wounding due to, for instance, mechanical stress.


base conversion or substitution editing

description: Any base modification or substitution events that result in alterations in the coding potential or structural properties of RNAs as a result of changes in the base-pairing properties of the modified ribonucleoside(s).


protein localization to septin ring

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a septin ring.


name: maturation of LSU-rRNA from tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA)

description: Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Large SubUnit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature LSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript.


name: suppression by virus of host intracellular interferon activity

description: Any viral process that results in the inhibition of interferon activity within the host cell.


nucleic acid binding

description: Binding to a nucleic acid.


ethanolamine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol), an important water-soluble base of phospholipid (phosphatidylethanolamine).


hexokinase-independent signaling

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by hexose and independent of hexokinase.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + lipopolysaccharide = UDP + N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-lipopolysaccharide.


tetraterpenoid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetraterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with eight isoprene units.


name: formaldehyde assimilation via ribulose monophosphate cycle

description: The pathway in which formaldehyde is used as a carbon source in the ribulose monophosphate cycle. Methanotrophic bacteria produce formaldehyde from the oxidation of methane and methanol, and then assimilate it via the ribulose monophosphate cycle to form intermediates of the central metabolic routes that are subsequently used for biosynthesis of cell material. Three molecules of formaldehyde are assimilated, forming a three-carbon intermediate of central metabolism; in this pathway, all cellular carbon is assimilated at the oxidation level of formaldehyde.


name: rRNA acetylation involved in maturation of SSU-rRNA

description: Any rRNA acetylation that is involved in maturation of SSU-rRNA.


vacuole fission

description: The division of a vacuole within a cell to form two or more separate vacuoles.


name: desensitization of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

description: The process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway after prolonged stimulation with an agonist of the pathway.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of a galactose residue from a donor molecule, such as GDP-galactose or UDP-galactose, to an oligosaccharide, forming an alpha-1,2-linkage.


name: G protein-coupled neurotensin receptor activity

description: Combining with the tridecapeptide neurotensin to initiate a G-protein mediated change in cell activity. A G-protein is a signal transduction molecule that alternates between an inactive GDP-bound and an active GTP-bound state.


description: The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along the anterior-posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism.


name: dormancy maintenance of symbiont in host

description: Any process in which a dormant state is maintained by the symbiont within the host organism.


cellular response to zinc ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a zinc ion stimulus.


name: cellular response to 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl stimulus.


name: site-specific DNA replication termination at RTS1 barrier

description: A DNA replication termination process that takes place at the RTS1 termination site in the mating type locus, in a specific direction required for subsequent imprinting and mating-type switching.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of holo-[acyl-carrier protein].


name: cellular response to low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus.


cellular response to menadione

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a menadione stimulus. Menadione (also called vitamin K3) is a naphthoquinone having a methyl substituent at the 2-position.


name: mitotic cell cycle G1 arrest in response to pheromone

description: The cell cycle regulatory process in which the mitotic cell cycle is halted during G1 as a result of a pheromone stimulus. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


name: regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.


regulation of glucose metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of glucose metabolism. Glucose metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose.


name: dermatan sulfate proteoglycan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dermatan sulfate proteoglycan, any glycoprotein whose glycosaminoglycan units are dermatan sulfate (chondroitin sulfate B). Dermatan sulfate is a glycosaminoglycan with repeats consisting of beta-(1,4)-linked L-iduronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine 4-sulfate units.


styrene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of styrene, an aromatic hydrocarbon liquid used in the manufacture of polystyrene.


name: programmed necrotic cell death in response to starvation

description: A programmed necrotic cell death occurring as a result of a starvation stimulus (deprivation of nourishment).


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of N-alpha,N-alpha,N-alpha-trimethyl-L-histidine, also known as histidine betaine or hercynine, a trimethylated derivative of histidine.


3-chloroacrylic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-chloroacrylic acid, ClHC=CHCOOH, a chlorinated derivative of acrylic acid.


peroxisome fission

description: The division of a mature peroxisome within a cell to form two or more separate peroxisome compartments.


oscillatory muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within oscillatory skeletal muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Oscillatory muscle contraction occurs in insect wing muscles and is characterized by asynchrony between action potential and contraction and by stretch activation.


spine apparatus assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a spine apparatus.


ERBB4 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor ERBB4 on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: gluconate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of gluconate from one side of a membrane to the other. Gluconate is the aldonic acid derived from glucose.


name: positive regulation of peptide secretion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of peptide secretion.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + L-methionine.


L-arabinose catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabinose, the L-enantiomer of arabino-pentose.


mucilage biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mucilage, a gelatinous substance secreted by plants.


name: positive regulation of angiotensin-activated signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the angiotensin-activated signaling pathway.


ornithine catabolic process via proline

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ornithine, via the intermediate proline.


polyamine deacetylation

description: The modification of acetylpolyamine by the removal of acetyl groups.


name: nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleoside monophosphate, a compound consisting of a nucleobase linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar esterified with phosphate on the sugar.


name: negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting dopamine receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting dopamine receptor signaling pathway.


name: macrophage colony-stimulating factor production

description: The appearance of macrophage colony-stimulating factor due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: systemic acquired resistance, salicylic acid mediated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by salicylic acid involved in systemic acquired resistance.


name: positive regulation of nicotine catabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nicotine catabolic process.


response to host redox environment

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of the symbiont organism or its cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the redox environment in host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


epithelial cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in an epithelial cell.


name: stress-induced homeostatically regulated protein degradation pathway

description: A stress-inducible protein catabolic pathway that promotes protein quality control by accelerating the degradation of misfolded ER membrane and cytosolic proteins, as well as native proteins. The pathway starts with the activation, by stress, of the Nma111p/Ynm3p serine protease, which cleaves the stress-induced hydrophilin Roq1p, resulting in the generation of a Roq1p cleavage product that selectively interacts with Ubr1p, an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Interaction with the Ubr1p type-1 substrate binding site reprograms the substrate specificity of this ubiquitin ligase resulting in the selective proteasome-mediated degradation of misfolded and native proteins. The pathway ends with degradation of the protein by the cytoplasmic proteasome. Currently, NMA111, ROQ1, UBR1, RAD6, and CDC48 are considered to be involved in this quality control pathway.


name: external encapsulating structure organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of external structures that lie outside the plasma membrane and surround the entire cell.


myosin filament assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a filament composed of myosin molecules.


ABC-type peptide transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + peptide(in) = ADP + phosphate + peptide(out). Peptides exported include alpha-hemolysin, cyclolysin, colicin V and siderophores from Gram-negative bacteria, and bacteriocin, subtilin, competence factor and pediocin from Gram-positive bacteria.


name: inositol phosphoceramide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving inositol phosphoceramides, any lipid with a phosphodiester bridge between an inositol residue and the ceramide group.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: sphingosine + UDP-D-galactose = H+ + psychosine + UDP.


response to interleukin-1

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-1 stimulus.


Nebenkern assembly

description: Fusion of mitochondria during insect spermatid differentiation to form two masses, which wrap around each other to form a densely packed sphere called the Nebenkern.


box C/D sno(s)RNA binding

description: Binding to a box C/D small nucleolar RNA.


TMP catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of TMP, ribosylthymine monophosphate.


cilium organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole.


lipoteichoic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoteichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor.


name: envenomation resulting in negative regulation of platelet aggregation in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant stopping, prevention or reduction in the frequency, rate or extent of platelet aggregation in the bitten organism.


sesquiterpenoid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sesquiterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with three isoprene units.


galactosylceramide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving galactosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of galactose by a ceramide group.


name: telomeric repeat-containing RNA transcription

description: The synthesis of telomeric repeat-containing RNA from a DNA template. A telomere is a complex of DNA and proteins that seals the end of a chromosome.


name: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 production

description: The appearance of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


alkaloid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving alkaloids, nitrogen containing natural products which are not otherwise classified as peptides, nonprotein amino acids, amines, cyanogenic glycosides, glucosinolates, cofactors, phytohormones or primary metabolites (such as purine or pyrimidine bases).


TDP catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of TDP, ribosylthymine diphosphate.


symporter activity

description: Enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy.


name: negative regulation of hepatic stellate cell migration

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hepatic stellate cell migration.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host mRNA export from nucleus

description: A process in which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the normal movement of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of the host cell, leading to shutoff of host protein expression. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


cytokine precursor processing

description: The cleavage of a peptide bond in a precursor form of a cytokine, resulting in the mature (active) form of the cytokine.


name: 17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 17-beta-hydroxysteroid + NAD+ = a 17-oxosteroid + NADH + H+.


antibacterial peptide production

description: The synthesis or release of an antibacterial peptide during an immune response, resulting in an increase in intracellular or extracellular levels.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: procollagen L-proline + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = procollagen trans-3-hydroxy-L-proline + succinate + CO2.


name: peripheral tolerance induction to self antigen

description: Tolerance induction to self antigens in the peripheral lymphoid tissues: blood, lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues.


cellular response to interleukin-18

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-18 stimulus.


name: regulation of restriction endodeoxyribonuclease activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a restriction endodeoxyribonuclease activity, the catalysis of endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA in a site-specific manner, resulting in double-strand breaks.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,2-alpha-D-mannosyl-1,3(6)-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,2-alpha-D-mannosyl,1,6(3))-beta-D-mannosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-R = UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,2-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,6)-1,2-alpha-D-mannosyl-1,3(6)-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,2-alpha-D-mannosyl-1,6(3))-beta-D-mannosyl-1,4-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-R. Only branched mannose glycopeptides with non-reducing N-acetylglucosamine terminal residues act as acceptors.


regulation of age-related resistance

description: Any process that modulates the extent of age-related resistance.


name: vascular associated smooth muscle contraction

description: A process, occurring in the vascular tissue, whereby actin/myosin complex activity generates force through ATP hydrolysis resulting in a change in smooth muscle geometry. This process is always coupled to chemo-mechanical energy conversion.


verruculogen metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving verruculogen.


glycoprotein metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycoproteins, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide.


name: cardiac muscle myosin thick filament assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the myosin-based thick filaments of myofibrils in cardiac muscle.


name: negative regulation of fibroblast migration

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium.


histone H3 acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H3 = CoA + acetyl-histone H3.


name: sulfide oxidation, using sulfide dehydrogenase

description: A sulfide oxidation process that proceeds via the reaction catalyzed by sulfide dehydrogenase.


parathion catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of parathion, a highly toxic organophosphate compound. Degradation of parathion by sunlight or liver enzymes can result in the formation of the active compound paraoxon which interferes with the nervous system through cholinesterase inhibition.


name: mitochondrial polycistronic RNA processing

description: The conversion of polycistronic RNA transcribed from a mitochondrial genome into mono- or bi-cistronic RNAs.


name: 4-hydroxyindole-3- carbonyl nitrile biosynthesis

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 4-hydroxyindole-3- carbonyl nitrile (4-OH-ICN), a cyanogenic glucoside.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-diphospho-1D-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate + phosphate + H+.


name: diacylglycerol diphosphate phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-diphosphate + H2O = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + phosphate.


description: The process of coupling cysteine to cysteinyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


name: antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-dependent

description: The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex following intracellular transport via a TAP-dependent ER pathway. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and becomes associated with the MHC class I molecule in the ER following TAP-dependent transport from the cytosol. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphinganine-1-phosphate, the phosphorylated derivative of D-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol.


limonoid glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + limonin = glucosyl-limonin + UDP.


ACC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an ACC codon.


pyrimidine nucleobase catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases.


establishment of localization in cell

description: Any process, occurring in a cell, that localizes a substance or cellular component. This may occur via movement, tethering or selective degradation.


intestine smooth muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the intestine. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The intestine is the section of the alimentary canal from the stomach to the anal canal. It includes the large intestine and small intestine.


T-helper 1 cell diapedesis

description: The passage of a T-helper 1 cell between the tight junctions of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, typically the fourth and final step of cellular extravasation. A T-helper 1 cell is a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype T-bet-positive and produces interferon-gamma.


name: negative regulation of nitrosative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to nitrosative stress.


name: modification-dependent macromolecule catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a macromolecule, initiated by covalent modification of the target molecule.


UUU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UUU codon.


maturation of 5S rRNA

description: Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature 5S rRNA molecule.


name: purine ribonucleoside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any purine ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which purine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


name: smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition

description: The process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in the urinary bladder smooth muscle tissue involved in the expulsion urine from the body.


bacteriocin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a bacteriocin, any of a heterogeneous group of polypeptide antibiotics that are secreted by certain bacterial strains and are able to kill cells of other susceptible (frequently related) strains after adsorption at specific receptors on the cell surface. They include the colicins, and their mechanisms of action vary.


emodin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving emodin.


name: aminoglycoside antibiotic metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving an aminoglycoside antibiotic, any member of a group of broad spectrum antibiotics, of similar toxicity and pharmacology, that contain an aminodeoxysugar, an amino- or guanidino-substituted inositol ring, and one or more residues of other sugars. The group includes streptomycin, neomycin, framycetin, kanamycin, paromomycin, and gentamicin.


cellular response to light stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a light stimulus, electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths classified as infrared, visible or ultraviolet light.


name: G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activity

description: Combining with adenosine and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


name: symbiont-mediated activation of host NF-kappaB cascade

description: A process that initiates, promotes, or enhances a host NF-kappaB-mediated signaling cascade. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


dTTP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dTTP, deoxyribosylthymine triphosphate.


dicarboxylic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing two carboxyl (COOH) groups or anions (COO-).


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxymandelonitrile + UDP-D-glucose = H+ + taxiphyllin + UDP.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylglycopeptide = UDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylglycopeptide.


cAMP-mediated signaling

description: An intracellular signaling cassette that starts with production of cyclic AMP (cAMP), and ends with activation of downstream effectors that further transmit the signal within the cell.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 bilirubin-glucuronoside = bilirubin + bilirubin-bisglucuronoside.


name: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor activity

description: Combining with a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor ligand and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.


sensory perception of humidity

description: The series of events required for an organism to detect some level of humidity in its environment, convert this detection into a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


amino sugar biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any amino sugar, sugars containing an amino group in place of a hydroxyl group.


cellular response to lipid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid stimulus.


low-affinity IgM receptor activity

description: Combining with low affinity with an immunoglobulin of an IgM isotype via the Fc region, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: uroporphyrinogen III biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of uroporphyrinogen III.


cellular response to trichodermin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a trichodermin stimulus.


name: positive regulation of base-excision repair

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of base-excision repair.


peptidyl-threonine sulfation

description: The sulfation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-sulfo-L-threonine.


name: regulation of toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 5 signaling pathway.


name: Purkinje myocyte to ventricular cardiac muscle cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a Purkinje myocyte to a ventricular cardiac muscle cell.


name: effector-mediated induction of cell cycle reactivation in host

description: A symbiont process in which a molecule secreted by the symbiont reactivates the host cell cycle, resulting in DNA synthesis and host cell division, and contributing to vegetative tumor formation.


cholate 12-alpha dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: cholate + NADP+ = 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-12-oxo-5beta-cholanate + H+ + NADPH.


name: lipoprotein biosynthetic process via diacylglyceryl transfer

description: The chemical reactions and pathways by which diacylglyceryl transfer leads to formation of a water-soluble protein-lipid complex.


description: The process where translation initiation recruits the 40S ribosomal subunits in a Cap and 5' end independent fashion before an AUG codon is encountered in an appropriate sequence context to initiate mRNA or circRNA translation.


ciliary vesicle assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a ciliary vesicle. Multiple smaller vesicles dock to the transitional fibers on a mature basal body and then fuse together to form a larger single vesicle. This then fuses with the plasma membrane and forms the ciliary membrane.


synaptic signaling

description: Cell-cell signaling to, from or within a synapse.


name: membrane depolarization during SA node cell action potential

description: The process in which SA node cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


protein targeting to chloroplast

description: The process of directing proteins towards the chloroplast, usually using signals contained within the protein. Imported proteins are synthesized as cytosolic precursors containing N-terminal uptake-targeting sequences that direct each protein to its correct subcompartment and are subsequently cleaved.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate = diphosphate + prephytoene diphosphate.


cellular response to phylloquinone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phylloquinone (vitamin K1) stimulus.


name: regulation of glucuronoarabinoxylan catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucuronoarabinoxylan catabolic process.


regulation of hormone levels

description: Any process that modulates the levels of hormone within an organism or a tissue. A hormone is any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action.


name: effector-mediated modulation of host process by symbiont

description: A process mediated by a molecule secreted by a symbiont that results in the modulation (either activation or suppression) of a host structure or process. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


UDP-D-apiose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving UDP-D-apiose, uridinediphosphoapiose, a substance composed of apiose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


name: positive regulation of megakaryocyte differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of megakaryocyte differentiation.


name: G protein-coupled chemorepellent receptor activity

description: Combining with a chemorepellent and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


cellular response to catechin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a catechin stimulus.


regulation of nuclease activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids.


name: regulation of flavonoid biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of flavonoids.


name: L-histidine catabolic process to glutamate and formate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-histidine into other compounds, including glutamate and formate.


alanyl-tRNA aminoacylation

description: The process of coupling alanine to alanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by alanyl-tRNA synthetase. The alanyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-II synthetases. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 3'-OH group of an alanine accetping tRNA.


name: protein O-linked glycosylation via hydroxylysine

description: The glycosylation of protein via the O5 atom of peptidyl-hydroxylysine, forming O5-glycosyl-L-hydroxylysine; the most common form is galactosyl hydroxylysine.


name: norepinephrine-epinephrine catabolic process in blood stream

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of norepinephrine or epinephrine in the bloodstream.


name: molybdopterin cofactor metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the molybdopterin cofactor (Moco), essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes, e.g. sulfite oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo-molybdopterin) or tungsten ion (W-molybdopterin) coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.


name: modification-dependent protein catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent modification of the target protein.


glucan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucans, polysaccharides consisting only of glucose residues.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates), polyesters of 3-hydroxyacids produced as intracellular granules by a large variety of bacteria.


name: keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid, an acidic sugar present in lipopolysaccharides of the outer membranes of some Gram-negative bacteria.


saponin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of saponins, glycosides of plants in which the aglycan (sapogenin) group is a terpene or steroid and the sugar group is a glucose, a galactose, a pentose, a methylpentose or an oligosaccharide. Saponins are powerful surfactant agents and membrane active; they are, hence, toxic to animals on injection.


name: positive regulation of phosphatidylethanolamine metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylethanolamine metabolic process.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


name: negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smoothened signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning.


rRNA acetylation

description: The modification of rRNA structure by addition of an acetyl group to rRNA. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid.


UDP-rhamnose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-L-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


name: iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl L-arginyl diiron disulfide

description: The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl L-arginyl diiron disulfide.


inositol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.


name: symbiont-mediated disruption of host cell-cell adhesion

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts host cell adhesion ito its extracellular matrix. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


description: The formylation of the N-terminal proline of proteins to form the derivative N-formylproline.


name: protoheme IX farnesyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: protoheme IX + (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + H2O = heme O + diphosphate.


phenylmercury acetate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylmercury acetate, an organomercurial compound composed of a mercury atom attached to a benzene ring and an acetate group.


peptidyl-tryptophan modification

description: The chemical alteration of a tryptophan residue in a peptide.


AUA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes an AUA codon.


immunoglobulin receptor activity

description: Combining with the Fc region of an immunoglobulin protein and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


cellular response to pH

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pH stimulus. pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.


lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the cleavage of C-C, C-O, C-N and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, or conversely adding a group to a double bond. They differ from other enzymes in that two substrates are involved in one reaction direction, but only one in the other direction. When acting on the single substrate, a molecule is eliminated and this generates either a new double bond or a new ring.


dicarboxylic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing two carboxyl (-COOH) groups.


prephenate(2-) biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prephenate(2-).


name: cellular response to cell envelope stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stress acting at the cell envelope.


retrotransposon silencing

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of retrotransposition. Retrotransposons are a subset of transposable elements that use an RNA intermediate and reverse transcribe themselves into the genome.


name: response to cell cycle checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of cell cycle checkpoint signaling.


cellular response to fluid shear stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fluid shear stress stimulus. Fluid shear stress is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface.


name: negative regulation of activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of activated CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell apoptotic process.


name: positive regulation of cell proliferation by VEGF-activated platelet derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) binding to a platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) on the surface of a cell, which activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation.


name: negative regulation of austinol biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of austinol biosynthetic process.


tRNA m2,2-guanine biosynthesis

description: The process whereby a guanine residue in a transfer RNA is methylated twice at the N2 position.


name: canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in heart development

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes that contributes to the progression of the heart over time. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.


name: regulation of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic cell cycle DNA replication.


name: negative regulation of xylan catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of xylan catabolic process.


name: rRNA (adenine) methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing methyladenine.


name: positive regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid cell apoptotic process.


name: positive regulation of nervous system development

description: Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nervous system development, the origin and formation of nervous tissue.


snRNA modification guide activity

description: Specifies the site of a posttranscriptional modification in an snRNA molecule by base pairing with a short sequence around the target residue.


GPCR taste receptor activity

description: A G protein-coupled receptor activity that is responsible for the sense of taste.


dendritic cell cytokine production

description: Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a dendritic cell.


name: positive regulation of nutrient release by host

description: Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the release of nutrients from its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


interleukin-5 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-5 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


cellular response to quercetin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a quercetin stimulus.


name: cleavage of bicistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA)

description: Endonucleolytic cleavage of pre-rRNAs originally produced as a bicistronic rRNA transcript that contains the SSU-rRNA and the LSU-rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Primary ribosomal RNA transcripts with two genes in this order are produced in Archaeal species.


palmitic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving palmitic acid.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + uridine44 in tRNASer = 2'-O-methyluridine44 in tRNASer + H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


name: defense response by callose deposition in cell wall

description: Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, the cell wall during the defense response. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls.


name: positive regulation of cyclodextrin metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cyclodextrin metabolic process.


leucoanthocyanidin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of leucoanthocyanidins, a class of colorless intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway of the pigmented flavonoids.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on CH or CH2 groups, NAD or NADP as acceptor

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH2 group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP.


mannose catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose.


name: negative regulation of methanofuran metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of methanofuran metabolic process.


lipoprotein lipid oxidation

description: The modification of a lipoprotein by oxidation of the lipid group.


positive regulation of viral process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a multi-organism process in which a virus is a participant.


name: negative regulation of mitotic spindle pole body separation

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the process involving the release of duplicated mitotic spindle pole bodies (SPBs) and their migration away from each other within the nuclear membrane.


regulation of hormone secretion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.


name: inner nuclear membrane-associated protein degradation pathway

description: A protein quality control pathway that removes ubiquitinated proteins from the nuclear inner membrane before transferring them to the proteasome for degradation.


regulation of secretion by cell

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secretion by cell.


name: negative regulation of monocyte extravasation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte extravasation.


pseudouridine synthesis

description: The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine within an RNA molecule.


name: negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism.


oxidoreductase activity

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced.


name: isoprenoid biosynthetic process via 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isoprenoid via 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.


name: envenomation resulting in modulation of calcium channel activity in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant change in the activity of a calcium channel in the bitten organism.


name: regulation of type I site-specific deoxyribonuclease activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a type I restriction endodeoxyribonuclease activity.


cellular response to iron(III) ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an iron(III) ion stimulus.


name: negative regulation of multicellular organismal process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an organismal process, the processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs.


tRNA (guanine-N7)-methylation

description: The process whereby a guanine in a tRNA is methylated at the N7 position of guanine.


name: urinary bladder smooth muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the urinary bladder. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The urinary bladder is a musculomembranous sac along the urinary tract.


name: positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development.


name: acetylcholine catabolic process in synaptic cleft

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetylcholine that occurs in the synaptic cleft during synaptic transmission.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + aminoglycoside = CoA + N-acetylaminoglycoside.


macromolecule glycosylation

description: The covalent attachment of a glycosyl residue to one or more monomeric units in a polypeptide, polynucleotide, polysaccharide, or other biological macromolecule.


name: negative regulation of outer hair cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of outer hair cell apoptotic process.


glycerolipid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycerolipids, any lipid with a glycerol backbone.


acylglycerol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving acylglycerol, any mono-, di- or triester of glycerol with (one or more) fatty acids.


polyprenol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans.


death receptor activity

description: Combining with an extracellular messenger (called a death ligand), and transmitting the signal from one side of the plasma membrane to the other to initiate apoptotic or necrotic cell death.


mitochondrial RNA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA transcribed from the mitochondrial genome and occurring in the mitochondrion.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of IRF3 activity

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway in a host organism by reducing the activity of host IRF3 (interferon regulatory factor-3). IRF3 is a transcription factor in the RIG-I/MDA-5 signaling pathway. Viral infection triggers phosphorylation of cytoplasmic IRF3, which allows IRF3 to form a homodimer, migrate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of IFN-alpha and IFN-beta genes.


description: Catalysis of the reaction:H2O + N(6)-propanoyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + NAD+ = 3''-O-propanoyl-ADP-D-ribose + L-lysyl-[protein] + nicotinamide.


phenanthrene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenanthrene, a tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.


TMP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving TMP, ribosylthymine monophosphate.


name: positive regulation of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic cell cycle process involved in oocyte maturation.


name: glycine betaine biosynthetic process from choline

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of betaine (N-trimethylglycine) from the oxidation of choline.


prostaglandin D receptor activity

description: Combining with prostaglandin D (PGD(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity.


peptidyl-glutamate ADP-deribosylation

description: The removal of ADP-ribose from ADP-ribosylglutamate.


name: positive regulation of steroid metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids.


N-terminal peptidyl-leucine methylation

description: The methylation of the N-terminal leucine of proteins to form the derivative N-methyl-L-leucine.


peptidyl-cysteine phosphorylation

description: The phosphorylation of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-phospho-L-cysteine.


tricellular tight junction disassembly

description: The disaggregation of a tricellular tight junction into its constituent components.


name: ubiquitin-like protein peptidase activity

description: An isopeptidase activity that cleaves ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins (ULP; e.g. ATG8, ISG15, NEDD8, SUMO) from target proteins.


delta-carotene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving delta-carotene.


name: protein-N6-(L-lysyl)-L-lysine modification to protein-N6-(beta-lysyl)-L-lysine

description: The modification of an N6-(lysyl)-L-lysine residue in a protein, producing protein-N6-(beta-lysyl)-L-lysine ((2S)-2-amino-6-([(2S)-2,6-diaminohexanoyl]amino)hexanoic acid). This modification is observed in, and is probably unique to, translation elongation factor P (EF-P).


carotenoid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carotenoids, tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail.


diacylglycerol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diacylglycerol, a glyceride in which any two of the R groups (positions not specified) are acyl groups while the remaining R group can be either H or an alkyl group.


name: hexuronate:monoatomic cation symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: hexuronate(out) + cation(out) = hexuronate(in) + cation(in). The hexuronate may be glucuronate or galacturonate.


name: positive regulation of immune system process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process.


name: regulation of adaptive immune effector response

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of adaptive immune effector response.


cholate 7-alpha-dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: cholate + NAD+ = 3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-7-oxo-5beta-cholanate + H+ + NADH.


peripheral T cell tolerance induction

description: Tolerance induction of T cells in the periphery, in this case, any location in the body other than the thymus.


name: protein modification by small protein removal

description: A protein modification process in which one or more covalently attached groups of a small protein, such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein, are removed from a target protein.


name: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 production

description: The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 (CCL19) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, an important intermediate in glycolysis.


name: clathrin coating of Golgi vesicle, plasma membrane to endosome targeting

description: The addition of clathrin and adaptor proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of transport vesicles that will move from the plasma membrane to the endosome, forming a vesicle coat.


lactone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactone.


name: ATP-dependent H3-H4 histone complex chaperone activity

description: A histone chaperone that carries a H3-H4 histone complex, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


interferon receptor activity

description: Combining with an interferon and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


ERBB4-ERBB4 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to the tyrosine kinase receptor ERBB4, followed by ligand-induced homodimerization of ERBB4 and transmission of the signal into the cell by the homodimeric ERBB4 complex. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: regulation of mast cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell apoptotic process.


name: Notch signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of venous endothelial cell fate commitment

description: Any Notch signaling pathway that is involved in negative regulation of venous endothelial cell fate commitment.


name: beta-L-Ara4N-lipid A biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-L-Ara4N-lipid A which occurs as a result of modification of the lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide by the addition of the sugar 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose (L-Ara4N). This strategy is adopted by pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria to evade cationic antimicrobial peptides produced by the innate immune system.


cation binding

description: Binding to a cation, a charged atom or group of atoms with a net positive charge.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of O3-(phosphoglycosyl-D-mannose-1-phosphoryl)-L-serine. The polypeptide backbones of glycoproteins and mucin-like proteoglycans are extensively modified with a complex array of phosphoglycan chains that are linked to Ser/Thr-rich domains via a common Man-alpha1-phosphate-Ser linkage.


mesenchymal cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal cell. A mesenchymal cell is a loosely associated cell that is part of the connective tissue in an organism. Mesenchymal cells give rise to more mature connective tissue cell types.


zymosterol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving zymosterol, (5alpha-cholesta-8,24-dien-3beta-ol).


T-helper 17 cell chemotaxis

description: The directed movement of a T-helper 17 cell in response to an external stimulus.


name: modulation by host of viral transcription

description: Any process in which a host organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of viral transcription.


inositol phosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an inositol phosphate, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, with one or more phosphate groups attached.


alpha-copaene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving alpha-copaene.


hydrogen sulfide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen sulfide, H2S.


cephamycin C metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cephamycin C.


respiratory chain complex III assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the cytochrome bc(1) complex, a transmembrane lipoprotein complex that it catalyzes the reduction of cytochrome c by accepting reducing equivalents from Coenzyme Q, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents.


nitroimidazole catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nitroimidazoles, imidazole derivatives with a nitro group attached to one ring.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-(carboxymethyl)uridine34 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 5-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)uridine34 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


helvolic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving helvolic acid.


name: envenomation resulting in negative regulation of sensory perception of pain in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the inhibition of the sensory perception of pain in the bitten organism.


resolvin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of resolvins, di- or trihydroxy fatty acids derived from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, specifically icosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid.


peptide modification

description: The covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a peptide, resulting in a change in the properties of that peptide.


glycolytic fermentation to butanediol

description: The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose into butanediol; effected by some members of the Enterobacteriaceae, e.g. Enterobacter, Erwinia, Klebsiella, and Serratia.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA containing cytosine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA containing 5-methylcytosine.


description: The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-19 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


membrane raft organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of membrane rafts, small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes.


L-fucose catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-fucose (6-deoxy-Lgalactose).


name: muscle cell chemotaxis toward tendon cell

description: The directed movement of a muscle cell towards a tendon cell in response to an external stimulus. Tendon cells, for example, produce positive guidance cues that attract muscle cells.


regulation of endoribonuclease activity

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks.


name: protein maturation by iron-sulfur cluster transfer

description: The transfer of an assembled iron-sulfur cluster from a scaffold protein to an acceptor protein that contributes to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-histidyl-[protein] + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = N(pros)-methyl-L-histidyl-[protein] + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


description: The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-8 binding to its receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


dGMP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dGMP, deoxyguanosine monophosphate (2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-phosphate).


name: positive regulation of eosinophil differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil differentiation.


name: termination of RNA polymerase II transcription, exosome-dependent

description: The process in which transcription of nonpolyadenylated RNA polymerase II transcripts is terminated; coupled to the maturation of the RNA 3'-end.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanine(37) in tRNA = N(1)-methylguanine(37) in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


name: cell-cell signaling involved in pronephros development

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the progression of the pronephros over time, from its formation to the mature organ.


regulation of membrane permeability

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the passage or uptake of molecules by a membrane.


name: regulation of cellobiose catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellobiose catabolic process.


name: positive regulation of DNA strand resection involved in replication fork processing

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA strand resection involved in replication fork processing.


name: regulation of methanophenazine metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of methanophenazine metabolic process.


n-octane metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving n-octane, the 8 carbon straight chain alkane used in organic syntheses, calibrations, and azeotropic distillations. It is a common component of gasoline and other petroleum products and the engine fuel antiknocking properties of an isomer of n-octane are used as a comparative standard in the Octane Rating System.


lncRNA binding

description: Binding to a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA).


name: cellular response to stem cell factor stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stem cell factor (SCF) stimulus.


negative regulation of cell migration

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.


calcitonin receptor activity

description: Combining with calcitonin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host innate immune response

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts the innate immune response of the host organism; the innate immune response is the host's first line of defense against infection. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: intracellularly ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific intracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


glutamate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, the anion of 2-aminopentanedioic acid.


regulation of heart contraction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction. Heart contraction is the process in which the heart decreases in volume in a characteristic way to propel blood through the body.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ecdysteroid = UDP + glucosyl-ecdysteroid.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobenzoate + UDP-glucose = p-aminobenzoate-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester + UDP.


deoxyribonucleoside metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a purine or pyrimidine base covalently bonded to a sugar deoxyribose (a deoxyribonucleoside).


flavonol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving flavonols, a member of a class of vascular pigments formed by consecutive oxidative processes from the flavonoid intermediates flavanones and dihydroflavonols. Flavonols are the most widespread of the flavonoids and have a wide array of physiological activities.


name: negative regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that decreases the rate or extent of striated muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a striated muscle cell and result in its death.


nitrobenzene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nitrobenzene.


organometal metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving organometals, any metal-containing organic compound, especially one in which the metal atom is linked directly to one of more carbon atoms.


N-succinyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a succinyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule.


hypochlorous acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hypochlorous acid.


tRNA exon ligation

description: An RNA exon ligation process that rejoins two exons of a pre-tRNA which has had the intron removed.


commissural neuron axon guidance

description: The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a commissural neuron is directed to its target in the brain in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


name: negative regulation of GDF15-GFRAL signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of GDF15-GFRAL signaling pathway.


description: Catalysis of the transfer, in a beta 1,3 linkage, of D-glucuronic acid (GlcUA) from UDP-GlcUA to asioloorosomucoid.


peptidyl-serine autophosphorylation

description: The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own serine amino acid residues, or a serine residue on an identical protein.


description: The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-22 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: negative regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation by the alternative pathway.


name: ecdysone-mediated polytene chromosome puffing

description: The decondensing (loosening) and swelling of the chromosomal sites of hormone-responsive genes on polytene chromosomes in response to increased production of the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (ecdysone) in Drosophila larvae approaching pupation.


viral scaffold assembly and maintenance

description: The assembly and maintenance of the viral scaffold around which the viral capsid is constructed.


name: coenzyme F420-dependent bicyclic nitroimidazole catabolic process

description: The breakdown of a bicyclic nitroimidazole into simpler components in a process that requires coenzyme F420 and produces reactive nitrogen species. Hydride, from reduced coenzyme F420, is added to the bicyclic nitroimidazole, resulting in unstable substances that break down to form three stable products. The elimination of nitrous acid produces the corresponding des-nitroimidazole; hydrolysis produces a related compound; and further reduction creates an aromatic hydroxylamine metabolite that degrades further. These reactions release hyponitrous acid and nitrous acid, which is unstable and disproportionates into nitric oxide (NO) and other reactive nitrogen intermediates.


kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.


cobalamin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cobalamin (vitamin B12), a water-soluble vitamin characterized by possession of a corrin nucleus containing a cobalt atom.


name: primary amino compound catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of primary amino compound.


betaine aldehyde catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of betaine aldehyde.


homogentisate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving homogentisate.


gated channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to a specific stimulus.


name: motogenic signaling involved in interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortex

description: The creation and reception of signals that result in the directional movement of interneuron precursors from the subpallium to the cortex.


ferricrocin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ferricrocin, a cyclic hexapeptide siderophore with the structure Gly-Ser-Gly-(N5-acetyl-N5-hydroxyornithine)3.


name: chloroplast protein-transporting ATPase activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; drives the transport of proteins into the chloroplast stroma.


chloroplast mRNA processing

description: Steps involved in processing precursor RNAs arising from transcription of operons in the chloroplast genome into mature mRNAs.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphinganine-1-phosphate, the phosphorylated derivative of D-erythro-2-amino-1,3-octadecanediol.


2-hydroxy-ATP hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-ATP + H2O = 2-hydroxy-AMP + H+ + diphosphate.


protein myristoylation

description: The covalent attachment of a myristoyl group to a protein.


name: positive regulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage migration inhibitory factor signaling pathway.


optical nerve axon regeneration

description: The regrowth of axons of the optical nerve following their loss or damage.


tight junction disassembly

description: The disaggregation of an tight junction into its constituent components.


name: negative regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell.


description: Catalysis of the addition of a galactosyl residue to a non-reducing O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine residue in an O-glycan.


organelle inheritance

description: The partitioning of organelles between daughter cells at cell division.


(S)-reticuline biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (S)-reticuline.


DNA N-glycosylase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of damaged bases by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the target damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases a free base and leaves an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site.


ADP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ADP, adenosine 5'-diphosphate.


regulation of BMP signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any BMP receptor signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of innate immunity memory response

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of innate immunity memory response.


monoterpene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monoterpenes, terpenes with a C10 structure.


regulation of catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances.


name: regulation of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway.


name: negative regulation of glucomannan catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glucomannan catabolic process.


cellular response to arsenite ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an arsenite ion stimulus.


name: negative regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein response

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the PERK-mediated unfolded protein response.


beta-glucoside metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucoside.


guanosine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine, guanine riboside, a nucleoside with a wide species distribution.


name: reactive nitrogen species metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a reactive nitrogen species.


name: positive regulation of type 2 immune response

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a type 2 immune response.


mitochondrion distribution

description: Any process that establishes the spatial arrangement of mitochondria between and within cells.


microtubule anchoring at centrosome

description: Any process in which a microtubule is maintained in a specific location in a cell by attachment to a centrosome.


cellular response to plumbagin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a plumbagin stimulus.


name: maturation of SSU-rRNA from tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, LSU-rRNA)

description: Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Small SubUnit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature SSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, 5.8 S rRNA, 2S rRNA, and Large Subunit (LSU) in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript.


elaioplast organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an elaioplast, a leucoplast in which oil is stored.


sorbitol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving sorbitol (D-glucitol), one of the ten stereoisomeric hexitols. It can be derived from glucose by reduction of the aldehyde group.


phenylpropanoid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic derivatives of trans-cinnamic acid.


chlorobenzene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving chlorobenzene, a derivative of benzene with a chlorine atoms attached to the ring. It is a colorless liquid that is manufactured for use as a solvent. It quickly evaporates in the air and is degraded by hydroxyl radicals that are produced photochemically. The gas acts as a source of ClOx, which helps in the breakdown of stratospheric ozone.


name: positive regulation of DNA recombination at centromere

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination at the centromere.


name: positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential

description: Any process that enhances the establishment or increases the extent of the excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) which is a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an EPSP is an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) and makes it easier for the neuron to fire an action potential.


cell communication

description: Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.


trypanothione metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving trypanothione (N1,N6,-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine), an essential redox intermediate in intracellular thiol redox regulation which also plays a role in protecting against oxidative stress.


FasL biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fas ligand (FasL or CD95L), an antigen originally found to be expressed on the cell surface of activated human T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes and a variety of malignant human lymphoid cell lines.