name: symbiont-mediated activation of host transcription

description: A process in which a symbiont initiates, promotes, or enhances transcription of genes into mRNA in its host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: magnetoreception by sensory perception of electrical stimulus

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of events required for an organism to receive an electrical stimulus relating to a magnetic field, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Movement in a magnetic field results in an induced electric field, which can be perceived by organisms such as elasmobranch fish.


name: protein localization to interphase microtubule organizing center

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an interphase microtubule organizing center.


name: acetate ester transmembrane transporter activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Enables the transfer of an acetate ester from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host cell cycle G0/G1 transition checkpoint

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with the normal execution of the host cell G0/G1 transition checkpoint. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction. Some viruses benefit from keeping cells in resting state (G0), while others favor entry through G1 and subsequent cell division to replicate more efficiently.


histone H2B deubiquitinase activity

description: A histone deubiquitinase that cleaves ubiquitin from a histone H2B protein to which it is conjugated.


name: nicotinamide riboside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide riboside, the product of the formation of a glycosidic bond between ribose and nicotinamide.


clavulanic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving clavulanic acid, (2R,3Z,5R)-3-(2-hydroxyethylidene)-7-oxo-4-oxa-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid.


uracil catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of uracil, 2,4-dioxopyrimidine, one of the pyrimidine bases occurring in RNA, but not in DNA.


name: positive regulation of striated muscle cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that increases the rate or extent of striated muscle cell apoptotic process, a form of programmed cell death induced by external or internal signals that trigger the activity of proteolytic caspases whose actions dismantle a striated muscle cell and result in its death.


name: glucose transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of the hexose monosaccharide glucose from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: small intestine smooth muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry in the intestine between the stomach and the large intestine.


name: regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity.


name: protein localization to nuclear periphery

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the nuclear periphery.


name: gene expression involved in extracellular matrix organization

description: Any gene expression that is involved in extracellular matrix organization. Gene expression includes both transcription to produce an RNA transcript, and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Protein maturation is included in gene expression when required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form.


intronic box C/D snoRNA processing

description: Any process involved in the conversion of a primary box C/D type small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) transcript that resides within, and is processed from, the intron of a pre-mRNA into a mature box C/D snoRNA.


cellular response to interleukin-7

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-7 stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + UDP-alpha-D-xylose = N(4)-{N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-[beta-D-xylosyl-(1->2)]-beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl}-L-asparagine + H+ + UDP.


pyroptotic cell death

description: A inflammatory cell death process associated with the generation of pyrogenic mediators that result from the activation of gasdermins.


name: positive regulation of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 12 signaling pathway.


p-cresol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving p-cresol.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-adenosylmethioninamine, (5-deoxy-5-adenosyl)(3-aminopropyl) methylsulfonium salt.


TRAIL receptor activity

description: Combining with the ligand TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) and transmitting the signal from one side of the plasma membrane to the other to initiate apoptotic cell death.


name: positive regulation of plasma cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of plasma cell differentiation.


cellular response to cobalt ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cobalt ion stimulus.


name: histone H3K14 acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H3 L-lysine (position 14) = CoA + histone H3 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 14).


propionate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of propionate, the anion derived from propionic acid.


Fc receptor signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the Fc portion of an immunoglobulin to an Fc receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region.


tobramycin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tobramycin.


oxalate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving oxalate, the organic acid ethanedioate.


gliotoxin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the epipolythiodioxopiperazine gliotoxin, a poisonous substance produced by some species of fungi.


cellular response to forskolin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a forskolin stimulus.


name: pyridine-containing compound metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pyridine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains pyridine or a formal derivative thereof.


rhythmic process

description: Any process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism.


name: regulation of protein catabolic process at synapse, modulating synaptic transmission

description: Any process that modulates synaptic transmission by regulating protein degradation at the synapse.


name: histone H3K79 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H3 L-lysine (position 79) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 79). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the lysine residue at position 79 of the histone H3 protein.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-aminobenzenesulfonate, an aromatic sulfonate used in organic synthesis and in the manufacture of various dyes and medicines.


name: regulation of chanoclavine-I aldehyde biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chanoclavine-I aldehyde biosynthetic process.


diol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a diol, any alcohol containing two hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms.


name: negative regulation of prolactin signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of prolactin signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 10 signaling pathway.


cellular response to selenite ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a selenite ion stimulus.


name: dorsal spinal cord interneuron axon guidance

description: The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a dorsal spinal cord interneuron is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. A dorsal spinal cord interneuron is an interneuron located in the dorsal part of the spinal cord.


phosphorus metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element phosphorus or compounds that contain phosphorus.


astaxanthin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of astaxanthin.


name: positive regulation of mini excitatory postsynaptic potential

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of mini excitatory postsynaptic potential. Mini excitatory postsynaptic potential is a process that leads to a temporary increase in postsynaptic potential due to the flow of positively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell, induced by the spontaneous release of a single vesicle of an excitatory neurotransmitter into the synapse.


name: high-affinity tryptophan transmembrane transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the high-affinity transfer of L-tryptophan from one side of a membrane to the other. Tryptophan is 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


name: positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process.


name: N-glycan processing to secreted and cell-surface N-glycans

description: The modification of high-mannose (Man9-Asn) N-glycans by mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase. This may result in Man8GlcNAc2-Asn N-glycans (which in yeast may be subsequently modified by the addition of further mannose residues) or Man5GlcNAc2-Asn N-glycans that are substrates for further diversification in the Golgi apparatus.


cellular response to superoxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a superoxide stimulus. Superoxide is the anion, oxygen-, formed by addition of one electron to dioxygen (O2) or any compound containing the superoxide anion.


protein lysine delactylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + N6-lactoyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + NAD = L-lysyl-[protein] + nicotinamide +2''-O-lactoyl-ADP-D-ribose, removing a lactoyl group attached to a lysine residue in a protein.


lipooligosaccharide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipooligosaccharide.


name: positive regulation of lymphocyte migration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte migration.


cellular alkene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving an alkene, any acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having one carbon-carbon double bond and the general formula CnH2n, as carried out by individual cells.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-(1,4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-proteoglycan + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1,4)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl-(1,4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-proteoglycan + UDP.


T cell meandering migration

description: The random-like motility observed for T cells in lymph nodes which enhances surveillance of antigens presented by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on antigen presenting cells (APCs).


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipooligosaccharide.


vomitoxin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of type B trichothecene vomitoxin, also known as deoxynivalenol, a poisonous substance produced by some species of fungi and predominantly occurs in grains such as wheat, barley and oats.


name: positive regulation of neutrophil differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neutrophil differentiation.


name: positive regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of an intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of progression through the embryonic mitotic cell cycle.


ITP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ITP, inosine triphosphate.


interleukin-22 receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-22 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxia

description: The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to hypoxia (lowered oxygen tension). Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. The pathway ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.


RNA cap 4 binding

description: Binding to a hypermethylated cap structure consisting of 7-methylguanosine (m(7)G) followed by four methylated nucleotides (cap 4): 7-methylguanosine-ppp-N6, N6, 2'-O-trimethyladenosine-p-2'-O-methyladenosine-p-2'-O-methylcytosine-p-N3, 2'-O-dimethyluridine Such caps are known to be found at the 5' ends of SL RNAs of trypanosomatid protozoa.


lymphotoxin A production

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cytokine lymphotoxin A.


methylnaphthalene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylnaphthalene, an organic compound, C10H7CH3, obtained from coal tar.


aurone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving aurones, a series of plant flavonoids that provide a yellow colour to flowers. They have the basic skeletal structure of two benzene rings joined by a linear C3 chain (C6-C3-C6). Aurones exist mostly as 6-O-glucosides.


tuberculosinol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tuberculosinol (halima-5,6,dien-15-ol), a secondary metabolite in Mycobacteria.


response to host pH environment

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of the symbiont or its cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the pH conditions in or around its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


deoxyguanosine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyguanosine, a nucleoside consisting of the base guanine and the sugar deoxyribose.


name: regulation of mast cell activation involved in immune response

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell activation as part of an immune response.


peptidyl-alanine modification

description: The modification of peptidyl-alanine.


cellular response to carbon monoxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbon monoxide (CO) stimulus.


GUC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GUC codon.


dGDP catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dGDP, deoxyguanosine diphosphate, (2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate).


name: asparagine catabolic process via 2-oxosuccinamate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, via the intermediate 2-oxosuccinamate.


name: positive regulation of Frizzled Nuclear Import pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a Frizzled Nuclear Import pathway.


diacylglycerol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving diacylglycerol, a glyceride in which any two of the R groups (positions not specified) are acyl groups while the remaining R group can be either H or an alkyl group.


fatty alcohol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty alcohol.


helvolic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of helvolic acid.


cellular response to magnetism

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a magnetic stimulus.


name: nonribosomal peptide biosynthetic process

description: The biosynthetic process in which peptide bond formation occurs in the absence of the translational machinery. Examples include the synthesis of antibiotic peptides, and glutathione.


cellular response to interleukin-6

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-6 stimulus.


podocyte apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a glomerular visceral epithelial cell.


name: lysine biosynthetic process via diaminopimelate, diaminopimelate-aminotransferase pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine, via the intermediate diaminopimelate; in this pathway tetrahydrodipicolinate is converted to meso-diaminopimelate in two enzymatic steps.


mononuclear cell migration

description: The movement of a mononuclear cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


name: protein localization to cell-cell junction

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained, in a location within a cell-cell junction.


RNA 2'-O-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + RNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + RNA containing 2'-O-methylribonucleotide.


name: negative regulation of violaceol I biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of violaceol I biosynthetic process.


name: 'de novo' pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases, beginning with the synthesis of a pyrimidine ring from simpler precursors.


rDNA chromatin condensation

description: The process in which the chromatin structure of the rDNA repeats is compacted. In S. cerevisiae, condensation and resolution of the rDNA occurs during anaphase.


name: toluene-containing compound catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of toluene, methylbenzene (formula C7H8), or any of its derivatives.


regulation of steroid metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids.


box H/ACA sno(s)RNA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving box H/ACA type small nucleolar RNA.


neutrophil apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a neutrophil, any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.


name: metal incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster

description: The formation of a cluster of several metal atoms, including iron, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, or copper, with one or more bridging (mu-bond) sulfur atoms; amino acids residues in proteins that may ligate the metal sulfur cluster are cysteine, histidine, aspartate, glutamate, serine and cysteine persulfide.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host systemic acquired resistance

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts systemic acquired resistance in the host organism; systemic acquired resistance is a salicylic acid-mediated response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


capsorubin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of capsorubin.


name: diglucosyl diacylglycerol synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol + UDP-D-glucose = UDP + 1,2-diacyl-3-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl(1,2)-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol.


name: anthocyanin biosynthetic process involved in anthocyanin accumulation in response to UV light

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the pigment anthocyanin, contributing to anthocyanin accumulation in a tissue in response to a UV light stimulus.


RNA endonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acid by creating internal breaks.


endoplasmic reticulum organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum.


diterpenoid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with four isoprene units.


name: modulation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor activity in another organism

description: The process in which an organism effects a change in the activity of a vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor in a second organism.


Sertoli cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a Sertoli cell.


Rap protein signal transduction

description: An intracellular signaling cassette in which a small monomeric GTPase of the Rap subfamily relays a signal.


name: glucose fermentation to lactate and acetate

description: The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose to lactate and acetate, yielding energy in the form of ATP.


ADP-sugar diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-sugar + H2O = AMP + sugar 1-phosphate.


name: histone H3K36 dimethyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl36-[histone H3] + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2 H+ + N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysyl36-[histone H3] + 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. This reaction is the successive addition of two methyl groups to the lysine residue at position 36 of histone H3, producing histone H3K36me2.


UUG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UUG codon.


nitric oxide-cGMP-mediated signaling

description: An intracellular signaling cassette in which the signal is passed on within the cell by nitric oxide (NO) activating soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC). Includes synthesis of nitric oxide, guanylyl cyclase activity, and downstream effectors that further transmit the signal within the cell following activation by cGMP.


name: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthetic process, via inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate, phytate, by a pathway using inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate produced from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate hydrolysis by phospholipase C; in this pathway, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is first converted to inositol 1,3,4-trisphosphate, and then phosphorylated further.


name: negative regulation of interleukin-17-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-17-mediated signaling pathway.


cellular response to N-phenylthiourea

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a N-phenylthiourea stimulus.


name: regulation of Rab protein signal transduction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rab protein signal transduction.


GMP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving GMP, guanosine monophosphate.


L-lysine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-lysine, the L-enantiomer of (S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid.


endoplasmic reticulum inheritance

description: The partitioning of endoplasmic reticulum between daughter cells at cell division.


name: cytokine production involved in inflammatory response

description: The synthesis or release of a cytokine following a inflammatory stimulus as part of an inflammatory response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a phenol = UDP + an aryl beta-D-glucoside.


name: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 22 production

description: The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 22 (CCL22) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: xylulose 5-phosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xylulose 5-phosphate.


palmatine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving palmatine, a berberine alkaloid found in many plants.


name: positive regulation of cGAS/STING signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of of cGAS/STING signaling pathway.


cellular response to cyclosporin A

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyclosporin A stimulus.


name: Wnt signaling pathway involved in forebrain neuroblast division

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell that contributes to the self renewal of neuroblasts in the forebrain.


name: histone H3R26 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (histone H3)-arginine (position 26) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (histone H3)-N-methyl-arginine (position 26). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the arginine residue at position 26 of histone H3.


name: regulation of neutrophil mediated killing of gram-positive bacterium

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neutrophil mediated killing of a gram-positive bacterium, the directed killing of a gram-positive bacterium by a neutrophil.


name: negative regulation of low voltage-gated calcium channel activity in another organism

description: Any process in which an organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a low voltage-gated calcium channel in another organism. A low voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on low voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [protein]-L-serine = UDP + [protein]-3-O-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-serine, or UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + [protein]-L-threonine = UDP + [protein]-3-O-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-threonine.


retinal rod cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a retinal rod cell, one of the two photoreceptor cell types of the vertebrate retina.


name: regulation of flagellated sperm motility

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of flagellated sperm motility.


regulation of glucose import

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.


bacteriochlorophyll catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of bacteriochlorophyll, any of the chlorophylls of photosynthetic bacteria. They differ structurally from the chlorophylls of higher plants.


name: negative regulation of trypanothione biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of trypanothione biosynthetic process.


name: adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

description: An adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a ligand binding to an adrenergic receptor on the surface of the target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


response to starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of nourishment.


name: double-strand break repair via alternative nonhomologous end joining

description: An instance of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining that is independent of factors important for V(D)J recombination (as opposed to classical nonhomologous end joining). It often results in a deletion with microhomology (i.e. 5-25bp homology) at the repair junction. Among different subclasses of nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ), alternative NHEJ appears to play a significant role in the etiology of mutations that arise during cancer development and treatment.


osmosensor activity

description: Sensing extracellular osmolarity to initiate a change in cell activity, and spanning the membrane of the cell.


name: N-terminal protein amino acid modification

description: The alteration of the N-terminal amino acid residue in a protein.


description: The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to a nitrogen (N) atom in an N-terminal glycine residue to form N-palmitoyl-glycine.


name: pyrimidine nucleotide-sugar transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a pyrimidine nucleotide-sugar from one side of a membrane to the other. Pyrimidine nucleotide-sugars are pyrimidine nucleotides in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative.


name: membrane fusion involved in viral entry into host cell

description: Merging of the virion membrane and a host membrane (host plasma membrane or host organelle membrane) that is involved in the uptake of a virus into a host cell.


mRNA cap binding

description: Binding to a 7-methylguanosine (m7G) group or derivative located at the 5' end of an mRNA molecule.


mitochondrial ribosome assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the mitochondrial ribosome and of its subunits.


cell-substrate junction assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a junction between a cell and its substrate.


phagocytosis, engulfment

description: The internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis, including the membrane and cytoskeletal processes required, which involves one of three mechanisms: zippering of pseudopods around a target via repeated receptor-ligand interactions, sinking of the target directly into plasma membrane of the phagocytosing cell, or induced uptake via an enhanced membrane ruffling of the phagocytosing cell similar to macropinocytosis.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of IRF7 activity

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway by reducing the activity of IRF7 (interferon regulatory factor-7). IRF7 a transcription factor in the RIG-I/MDA-5 signaling pathway. Viral infection triggers phosphorylation of cytoplasmic IRF7, which allows IRF7 to form a homodimer, migrate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of IFN-alpha and IFN-beta genes.


name: negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hydrogen peroxide

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hydrogen peroxide.


name: positive regulation of motor neuron migration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron migration.


name: lipid modification by small protein conjugation

description: A lipid modification process in which one or more groups of a small protein, such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein, are covalently attached to a target lipid.


n-octane oxidation

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the conversion of n-octane to octanoyl-CoA.


name: Fc receptor mediated inhibitory signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the binding of the Fc portion of an immunoglobulin by an Fc receptor capable of inhibiting an immune effector process contributing to an immune response. The Fc portion of an immunoglobulin is its C-terminal constant region.


menaquinone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of the menaquinones, quinone-derived compounds synthesized by intestinal bacteria. Structurally, menaquinones consist of a methylated naphthoquinone ring structure and side chains composed of a variable number of unsaturated isoprenoid residues. Menaquinones have vitamin K activity and are known as vitamin K2.


deoxyinosine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of deoxyinosine, hypoxanthine deoxyriboside.


name: negative regulation of wax biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of wax biosynthetic process.


mitochondrial seryl-tRNA aminoacylation

description: The process of coupling serine to seryl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by seryl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


name: negative regulation of glutathione biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glutathione biosynthetic process.


cellular response to interleukin-32

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-32 stimulus.


name: negative regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation involved in immune response

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of differentiation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cells as part of an immune response.


translocation of molecules into host

description: The directed movement of a molecule(s) produced by an organism to a location inside its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


tonic skeletal muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within tonic skeletal muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The tonic skeletal muscle is characterized by long lasting contractile responses and high resistance to fatigue.


name: positive regulation of eosinophil migration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil migration.


name: pyrimidine- and adenosine-specific:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: (pyrimidine nucleoside or adenosine)(out) + Na+(out) = (pyrimidine nucleoside or adenosine)(in) + Na+(in).


queuosine salvage

description: Any process which produces queuosine from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


name: smoothened signaling pathway involved in ventral spinal cord patterning

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened that results in the spatial identity of regions along the dorsal-ventral axis of the spinal cord.


name: post-transcriptional tethering of RNA polymerase II gene DNA at nuclear periphery

description: The chromosome organization process in which the DNA sequence containing a gene transcribed by RNA polymerase II is maintained in a specific location at the nuclear periphery even after transcription has been repressed.


pentalenolactone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving pentalenolactone.


adamantanone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of adamantanone, tricyclo(3.3.1.13,7)decanone, a white crystalline solid used as an intermediate for microelectronics in the production of photoresists.


pH reduction

description: Any process that reduces the internal pH of an organism, part of an organism or a cell, measured by the concentration of the hydrogen ion.


RNA nuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in chains of RNA.


name: organic anion transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of organic anions from one side of a membrane to the other. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage.


name: alpha,alpha-trehalose-phosphate synthase (UDP-forming) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + D-glucose-6-phosphate = UDP + alpha,alpha-trehalose-6-phosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = a beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1)-Cer(d18:1(4E)) + H+ + UDP.


icosanoid receptor activity

description: Combining with an icosanoid to initiate a change in cell activity.


beta-L-Ara4N-lipid A metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-L-Ara4N-lipid A.


cellular response to kainic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a kainic acid stimulus.


name: glycine betaine biosynthetic process from glycine

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycine betaine from other compounds, including glycine.


plastid chromosome packaging

description: A process in which plastidial DNA and associated proteins organize into a compact, orderly structure.


name: negative regulation of cell cycle switching, mitotic to meiotic cell cycle

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mitotic to meiotic cell cycle switching, the process in which a cell switches cell cycle mode from mitotic to meiotic division.


name: symbiont genome ejection through host cell envelope, long flexible tail mechanism

description: Entry of a symbiont's genome into the host cell through the host cell envelope via a long, flexible tail ejection system consisting a baseplate, a central tube and a terminator complex which attaches the tail to the phage capsid. Upon binding to the host cell surface, the baseplate changes its conformation and triggers genome ejection into the host cell cytoplasm. Occurs in non-enveloped prokaryotic viruses.


name: modulation by symbiont of host resistance gene-dependent defense response

description: Any process in which a symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: entry of intact viral capsid into host nucleus through nuclear pore complex

description: Viral penetration into the host nucleus where a viral capsid passes intact through the host nuclear pore complex (NPC).


rhamnogalacturonan I metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving rhamnogalacturonan I (RGI), a branched pectin with a backbone of alternating alpha-(1->2)-linked rhamnose and alpha-(1->4)-linked D-galacturonic acid residues that carries neutral side-chains of predominantly beta-(1->4)-D-galactose and/or alpha-(1->5)-L-arabinose residues attached to the rhamnose residues of the RGI backbone.


cellular response to hesperadin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hesperadin stimulus.


name: 23S rRNA (adenine(2085)-N(6))-dimethyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine(2085) in 23S rRNA = 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N(6)-dimethyladenine(2085) in 23S rRNA.


acetylspermidine deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = acetate + spermidine.


organic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.


cellular response to linoleic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a linoleic acid stimulus.


name: regulation of cellular alcohol catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular alcohol catabolic process.


peripheral tolerance induction

description: Tolerance induction in the peripheral lymphoid tissues: blood, lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues.


name: positive regulation of (Z)-nonadeca-1,14-diene metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of (Z)-nonadeca-1,14-diene metabolic process.


deglucuronidation

description: The removal of glucuronic acid from a conjugated substrate.


cellular response to type II interferon

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus. Interferon gamma is the only member of the type II interferon found so far.


organic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic acids, any acidic compound containing carbon in covalent linkage.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-menthol + UDP-D-glucose = (-)-menthyl beta-D-glucoside + H+ + UDP.


large ribosomal subunit rRNA binding

description: Binding to large ribosomal subunit RNA (LSU rRNA), a constituent of the large ribosomal subunit. In S. cerevisiae, this is the 25S rRNA.


name: regulation of toll-like receptor 1 signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 1 signaling pathway.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5alpha-androstane-3beta,17beta-diol + NADP+ = 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one + H+ + NADPH.


name: potassium channel activating, G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a G protein-coupled receptor binding to its physiological ligand, where the pathway proceeds activation of a potassium ion channel.


tyrosyl-tRNA aminoacylation

description: The process of coupling tyrosine to tyrosyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase. The tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a tyrosine-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.


cellular response to humidity

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a humidity stimulus, moisture in the atmosphere.


name: ligand-gated monoatomic anion channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of an inorganic anion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


name: antimicrobial peptide biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an antimicrobial peptide. Such peptides may have protective properties against bacteria, fungi, viruses, or protozoa.


phosphoanandamide dephosphorylation

description: The process of removing one or more phosphate groups from a phosphorylated anandamide.


name: negative regulation of hypoxia-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hypoxia-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) pathway.


K11-linked deubiquitinase activity

description: Hydrolysis of a ubiquitin unit from a ubiquitinated protein linked via the Lys11 residue of ubiquitin.


tartrate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving tartrate.


name: oxaloacetate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of oxaloacetate, the anion of oxobutanedioic acid, from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: white fat cell differentiation involved in mammary gland fat development

description: The process in which a preadipocyte acquires specialized features of a white adipocyte of the mammary gland. White adipocytes have cytoplasmic lipids arranged in a unique vacuole.


description: The methylation of the N-terminal isoleucine of proteins to form the derivative N-methyl-L-isoleucine.


pteridine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pteridine, pyrazino(2,3-dipyrimidine), the parent structure of pterins and the pteroyl group.


aerobic fructose catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fructose that occurs in the presence of oxygen.


regulation of MDA-5 signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor (PRR) MDA-5 (also known as IFIH1) binding to viral RNA.


(-)-microperfuranone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (-)-microperfuranone.


monocarboxylic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monocarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (-COOH) group.


name: positive regulation of raffinose biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of raffinose biosynthetic process.


protein prenyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the covalent addition of an isoprenoid group such as a farnesyl or geranylgeranyl group via thioether linkages to a cysteine residue in a protein.


regulation of neuroblast migration

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neuroblast migration.


name: outer mitochondrial membrane organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the mitochondrial outer membrane.


description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of interleukin-11 to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl S-adenosylmethion-N,O-diyl tetrairon tetrasulfide

description: The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl S-adenosylmethion-N,O-diyl tetrairon tetrasulfide.


name: antisense RNA transcript catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of antisense transcripts, i.e. transcripts that were produced from the antisense strand of a gene that produces a gene product and which often have a regulatory effect on the transcription of that gene product.


name: negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process.


prosthetic group catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a prosthetic group, the non-amino acid portion of certain protein molecules. Prosthetic groups may be inorganic or organic and are usually required for the biological activity of the protein.


interleukin-2 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-2 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: biosynthetic process of antibacterial peptides active against Gram-negative bacteria

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an antibacterial peptide with activity against Gram-negative bacteria.


glycyl-tRNA aminoacylation

description: The process of coupling glycine to glycyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glycyl-tRNA synthetase. The glycyll-tRNA synthetase is a class-II synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 3'-OH group of a glycine-accepting tRNA.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host translation

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts translation of mRNA into protein in its host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: achromobactin transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of achromobactin, a citrate siderophore, from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: deaminated base DNA N-glycosylase activity

description: DNA N-glycosylase activity acting on deaminated bases.


trichome patterning

description: The regionalization process of establishing the non-random spatial arrangement of trichomes on the surface and margin of a leaf. Process involves signaling between adjacent epidermal cells that results in differentiation of some epidermal cells into trichomes.


name: benzoate catabolic process via CoA ligation

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of benzoate, by its ligation to Coenzyme A to form benzoyl-CoA, which is then broken by an aerobic or anaerobic pathway.


pyrrolysine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyrrolysine, N6-{[(2R,3R)-3-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-yl]carbonyl}-L-lysine.


polyol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a polyol, any alcohol containing three or more hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms.


name: abscisic acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of abscisic acid from one side of a membrane to the other.


iprodione metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving prodione, a colorless, odorless crystal. It is used as a dicarboximide contact fungicide to control a wide variety of crop diseases by inhibiting the germination of spores and the growth of the fungal mat (mycelium).


name: 8-oxo-dADP diphosphate phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 8-oxo-dADP + H2O = 8-oxo-dAMP + hydrogenphosphate + H+.


name: negative regulation of biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances.


sorbose catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sorbose, the ketohexose xylo-2-hexulose. Sorbose is produced commercially by fermentation and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of ascorbic acid.


description: The process of coupling glutamate to glutamyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by glutamyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


phytochelatin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving phytochelatins, any of a group of peptides that bind metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg) in thiolate coordination complexes. The structure is of the type (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl)n-glycine, where n is 2 to 11.


cellular response to acidic pH

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pH stimulus with pH < 7. pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.


name: negative regulation of hippocampal neuron apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process in hippocampal neurons.


monensin A catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monensin A.


ocellus pigment granule organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of intracellular pigment storage granules in the ocellus.


lateral inhibition

description: Signaling between cells of equivalent developmental potential that results in these cells adopting different developmental fates. An example is the suppression by cells with a particular fate of the adoption of the same fate by surrounding cells.


lipoxin A4 metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoxin A4. Lipoxin A4 is a C20 hydroxy fatty acid having (5S)-, (6R)- and (15S)-hydroxy groups as well as (7E)- (9E)-, (11Z)- and (13E)-double bonds.


name: intracellularly cGMP-activated cation channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when intracellular cGMP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


regulation of monocyte extravasation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte extravasation.


glycolytic fermentation via PFL pathway

description: The glycolytic fermentation beginning with the anaerobic conversion of glucose to pyruvate by the glycolytic pathway, followed by pyruvate:formate lyase (PFL) activity. This pathway is found in facultative anaerobes such as E. coli.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucuronyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosylproteoglycan + UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine = N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl-1,4-beta-D-glucuronyl-1,3-beta-D-galactosylproteoglycan + UDP.


F2-isoprostane catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of F2-isoprostane.


peptidyl-L-cysteine S-myristoylation

description: The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-myristoyl-L-cysteine.


dextrin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dextrin.


vitamin K catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of the forms of vitamin K, quinone-derived vitamins which are involved in the synthesis of blood-clotting factors in mammals.


cellular response to triglyceride

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a triglyceride stimulus.


gentamycin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving gentamycin.


umami taste receptor activity

description: Combining with soluble umami compounds to initiate a change in cell activity. These receptors are responsible for the sense of umami taste, the savory taste of meats and other foods that are rich in glutamates.


response to other organism

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from another living organism.


T-helper 1 cell cytokine production

description: Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a T-helper 1 cell.


name: regulation of Rho protein signal transduction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction.


cellular response to prolactin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prolactin stimulus.


cellular alkane metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving an alkane, any acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon having the general formula CnH2n+2, as carried out by individual cells.


name: transforming growth factor beta2 production

description: The appearance of transforming growth factor-beta2 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


activin receptor activity, type I

description: Combining with activin-bound type II activin receptor to initiate a change in cell activity; upon binding, acts as a downstream transducer of activin signals.


corazonin receptor activity

description: Combining with the neuropeptide corazonin to initiate a change in cell activity.


isoprenoid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoprenoid compounds, isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene) or compounds containing or derived from linked isoprene (3-methyl-2-butenylene) residues.


putrescine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of putrescine, 1,4-diaminobutane; putrescine can be synthesized from arginine or ornithine and is the metabolic precursor of spermidine and spermine.


contractile vacuole organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a contractile vacuole. A specialized vacuole that fills with water from the cytoplasm and then discharges this externally by the opening of contractile vacuole pores.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA(4-).


heme a catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heme a, a derivative of heme found in cytochrome aa3.


name: glucosamine 6-phosphate N-acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + CoA + H+.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of iron-sulfur-molybdenum cofactor, the cofactor located at the active site of the molybdenum nitrogenase.


B cell inhibitory signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to a receptor on the surface of a B cell capable of inhibiting an immune effector process contributing to an immune response.


dihydrofolate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dihydrofolate, the dihydroxylated derivative of folate.


negative stranded viral RNA replication

description: A viral genome replication process where the template genome is negative stranded, single stranded RNA ((-)ssRNA).


protein localization to uropod

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a uropod. A uropod is a membrane projection with related cytoskeletal components at the trailing edge of a migrating cell.


name: regulation of meiotic DNA double-strand break formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic DNA double-strand break formation.


emericellamide catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of emericellamide.


cellular response to adenine starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of adenine.


name: ligase activity, forming carbon-oxygen bonds

description: Catalysis of the joining of two molecules via a carbon-oxygen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.


miRNA processing

description: A process leading to the generation of a functional miRNA. Includes the cleavage of stem-loop RNA precursors into microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are a class of small RNAs that primarily silence genes by blocking the translation of mRNA transcripts into protein, or by increasing the degradation of non-protein-coding RNA transcripts.


name: symbiont-mediated disruption of host neutrophil extracellular traps

description: A process in which a symbiont damages or impairs host neutrophil extracellular traps. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


chloride channel activity

description: Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion of a chloride ion through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel.


peptidyl-glycine modification

description: The modification of peptidyl-glycine.


name: regulation of signaling receptor activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling receptor activity. Receptor activity is when a molecule combines with an extracellular or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell activity.


regulation of DNA ligation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA ligation, the re-formation of a broken phosphodiester bond in the DNA backbone, carried out by DNA ligase.


demethylation

description: The process of removing one or more methyl groups from a molecule.


5-aminolevulinate synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: glycine + H+ + succinyl-CoA = 5-aminolevulinate + CO2 + CoA.


name: low-density lipoprotein receptor particle metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving low-density lipoprotein receptors.


name: ubiquinone biosynthetic process via 2-polyprenylphenol

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ubiquinone, via the intermediates 2-polyprenylphenol and 2-polyprenyl-6-hydroxyphenol.


name: nuclear polyadenylation-dependent rRNA catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the nucleus and resulting in the breakdown of a ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule, including RNA fragments released as part of processing the primary transcript into multiple mature rRNA species, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target rRNA.


name: regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.


protein glucuronidation

description: The modification of a protein by amino acid glucuronidation.


fluoride channel activity

description: Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion of a fluoride ion through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel.


plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade

description: A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell occurring in response to tissue damage and initiated within blood plasma by the action of activated Factor XII (Hageman Factor) on prekallikrein to convert it to plasma kallikrein, and the subsequent reaction of plasma kallikrein with high molecular weight kininogen. The ultimate product of the plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade is bradykinin, an agent known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability.


name: medial-Golgi-derived vesicle fusion with Golgi trans cisterna membrane

description: The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a medial-Golgi-derived vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane around the Golgi trans cisterna. Vesicles are involved in anterograde transport.


name: regulation of planar cell polarity pathway involved in axis elongation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of planar cell polarity pathway involved in axis elongation.


eugenol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving eugenol, a colorless, aromatic, liquid hydrocarbon (C10H12O2) found in clove oil.


pyrimidine nucleoside interconversion

description: The chemical reactions and pathways by which a pyrimidine nucleoside is synthesized from another pyrimidine nucleoside.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanosine 18 in tRNA= S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2'-O-methylguanosine 18 in tRNA + H+.


G protein-coupled ADP receptor activity

description: Combining with ADP and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


phycocyanobilin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions or pathway resulting in the formation of phycocyanobilin, which involves the oxidative cleavage of heme by a heme oxygenase (HO) to form biliverdin IX alpha. Biliverdin IX alpha is subsequently converted to phycocyanobilin by a ferredoxin-dependent oxidoreductase (PCYA).


organosilicon metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any organosilicon, organic compounds that contain silicon, a nonmetal element analogous to carbon.


name: HLA-A specific inhibitory MHC class I receptor activity

description: Combining with a MHC class I molecule of the HLA-A subclass to mediate signaling that inhibits activation of a lymphocyte.


regulation of cell-cell adhesion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell.


name: cellular response to phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate stimulus.


anterior/posterior axon guidance

description: The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone is directed to a specific target site along the anterior-posterior body axis in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism.


farnesol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the sesquiterpenoid alcohol farnesol, 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10,dodecatrien-1-ol.


name: peptidyl-thyronine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-tyrosine

description: The formation of peptidyl-thyronine from peptidyl-tyrosine in thyroglobulin by phenyl transfer coupled with the formation of peptidyl-dehydroalanine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing N3-methyluridine.


name: iron incorporation into the Rieske iron-sulfur cluster via bis-L-cysteinyl bis-L-histidino diiron disulfide

description: The incorporation of iron into a Rieske 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via bis-L-cysteinyl bis-L-histidino diiron disulfide.


name: negative regulation of glial cell migration

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell migration.


name: nucleobase-containing compound transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: negative regulation of gamma-delta T cell activation involved in immune response

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell activation involved in immune response.


peptidyl-sarcosine incorporation

description: The incorporation of sarcosine (N-methylglycine) into non-coded peptides.


iron-responsive element binding

description: Binding to an iron-responsive element, a regulatory sequence found in the 5'- and 3'-untranslated regions of mRNAs encoding many iron-binding proteins.


name: D-galactonate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of D-galactonate, the D-enantiomer of galactonate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


D-xylose catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-xylose, a naturally occurring plant polysaccharide.


valine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of valine, 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid.


GUA codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GUA codon.


name: extracellular ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific extracellular ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


hemoglobin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving hemoglobin, including its uptake and utilization.


name: envenomation resulting in impairment of hemostasis in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the inhibition of the process of hemostasis - the stopping of bleeding or the arrest of the circulation to an organ or part - in the bitten organism.


name: symbiont-mediated activation of host MAPK cascade

description: A process in which a symbiont subverts a MAPK signal transduction pathway in the host organism by initiating, promoting, or enhancing its activation. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


RNA exon ligation

description: The RNA metabolic process that joins two exons, each of which has free ends that were generated by endonucleolytic cleavages, by a ligation reaction.


kinetochore disassembly

description: The disaggregation of a kinetochore into its constituent components.


protein denaturation

description: Structural change in proteins which destroys the native, active configuration without rupture of peptide bonds.


heme B metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving heme b, a Fe(II) porphyrin complex readily isolated from the hemoglobin of beef blood, but also found in other proteins including other hemoglobins, myoglobins, cytochromes P-450, catalases, peroxidases as well as b type cytochromes.


name: adhesion receptor-mediated virion attachment to host cell

description: The process by which a virion attaches to a host cell by binding to a receptor on the host cell surface that does not mediate or trigger entry into the host cell. This binding is typically reversible and enhances significantly infectivity by concentrating the virus in the vicinity of its entry receptors, or bringing it to an organ in which its target cells are located.


U6 2'-O-snRNA methylation

description: The posttranscriptional addition a methyl group to the 2'-oxygen atom of a nucleotide residue in an U6 snRNA molecule.


olefinic compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an olefinic compound, any compound which contains a carbon-carbon double bond (aka C=C).


L-pipecolic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-pipecolic acid, a metabolite of lysine.


galactose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactose, the aldohexose galacto-hexose.


name: gamma-aminobutyric acid:sodium:chloride symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: gamma-aminobutyric acid(out) + Na+(out) + Cl-(out) = gamma-aminobutyric acid(in) + Na+(in) + Cl(in).


cell-cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another. This process includes signal transduction in the receiving cell and, where applicable, release of a ligand and any processes that actively facilitate its transport and presentation to the receiving cell. Examples include signaling via soluble ligands, via cell adhesion molecules and via gap junctions.


name: negative regulation of alpha-(1->3)-fucosyltransferase activity

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-(1->3)-fucosyltransferase activity.


adamantanone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving adamantanone, tricyclo(3.3.1.13,7)decanone, a white crystalline solid used as an intermediate for microelectronics in the production of photoresists.


cellular response to palmitoleic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a palmitoleic acid stimulus.


mature B cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a B cell that is mature, having left the bone marrow.


name: positive regulation of T-helper 17 cell extravasation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 17 cell extravasation.


name: envenomation resulting in negative regulation of voltage-gated sodium channel activity in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant stopping, prevention or reduction of the activity of a voltage-gated sodium channel in the bitten organism.


mycotoxin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a mycotoxin, any poisonous substance produced by a fungus.


polysaccharide biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically.


name: positive regulation of complement activation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of complement activation.


guaiacyl lignin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving guaiacyl lignin.


name: phenanthrene catabolic process via trans-9(R),10(R)-dihydrodiolphenanthrene

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenanthrene, a tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, where trans-9(R),10(R)-dihydrodiolphenanthrene is the principal intermediate metabolite.


name: envenomation resulting in damage of muscle extracellular matrix in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, damaging the extracellular matrix of muscle cells and ultimately resulting in muscle necrosis in the bitten organism.


name: leukemia inhibitory factor receptor activity

description: Combining with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


viral RNA genome replication

description: The replication of a viral RNA genome.


name: cytoplasmic polyadenylation-dependent RNA catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the cytoplasm and resulting in the breakdown of an RNA molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target rRNA truncated degradation intermediate.


motor neuron axon guidance

description: The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a motor neuron is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


protein formylation

description: The addition of a formyl group to a protein amino acid.


serotonin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties.


name: protein localization to cytoplasmic stress granule

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a cytoplasmic stress granule.


proteoglycan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of proteoglycans, any glycoprotein in which the carbohydrate units are glycosaminoglycans.


interleukin-19 receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-19 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


P-body assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a cytoplasmic mRNA processing body.


regulation of signal transduction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction.


blasticidin S catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of blasticidin S.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + cytosine32 in tRNA= S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2'-O-methylcytidine32 in tRNA.


T cell mediated immunity

description: Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a T cell.


guanyl ribonucleotide binding

description: Binding to a guanyl ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety.


thioester metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a thioester, a compound of general formula RC(=O)SR' in which the linking oxygen in an ester is replaced by a sulfur atom. They are the product of esterification between a carboxylic acid and a thiol.


name: positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle

description: Any signaling pathway that activates or increases the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to M phase of the mitotic cell cycle.


virus maturation

description: The refolding and structural rearrangements of virion parts to transition from the intermediate virion to the more mature virion. Maturation usually involves proteolysis events and changes in the folding of the virion proteins. Can occur inside the host cell or after release.


name: regulation of phosphodiesterase I activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphodiesterase I activity.


regulation of inflammatory response

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response, the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents.


enterobactin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of enterobactin, a catechol-derived siderochrome of Enterobacteria; enterobactin (N',N',N''-(2,6,10-trioxo-1,5,9-triacyclodecane-3,7,11-triyl)tris(2,3-dihydroxy)benzamide) is a self-triester of 2,3-dihydroxy-N-benzoyl-L-serine and a product of the shikimate pathway.


name: para-aminobenzoic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving para-aminobenzoic acid, an intermediate in the synthesis of folic acid, a compound which some organisms, e.g. prokaryotes, eukaryotic microbes, and plants, can synthesize de novo. Others, notably mammals, cannot. In yeast, it is present as a factor in the B complex of vitamins.


cellular response to X-ray

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of X-ray radiation. An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 nanometers to 100 picometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz to 3 EHz).


name: envenomation resulting in modulation of signal transduction in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of signal transduction in the bitten organism.


name: endoplasmic reticulum tubular network membrane organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubular network membrane.


name: formate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of formate from one side of a membrane to the other. Formate is also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.


name: striated muscle paramyosin thick filament assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the paramyosin-based thick filaments of myofibrils in striated muscle.


name: protein localization to pericentriolar material

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a pericentriolar material.


description: The myristoylation of the N-terminal glycine of proteins to form the derivative N-myristoyl-glycine.


name: formate efflux transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of formate from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.


name: organic hydroxy compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic hydroxy compound.


nylon catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nylon, a polymer where the main polymer chain comprises recurring amide groups; these compounds are generally formed from combinations of diamines, diacids and amino acids.


early viral transcription

description: The first phase of viral transcription that occurs after entry of the virus into the host cell, but prior to viral genome replication. It involves the transcription of genes for non-structural proteins, and for lytic viruses, the early gene products are involved in establishing control over the host cell.


aurone biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aurones, a series of yellow plant pigments.


mitochondrial mRNA polyadenylation

description: The enzymatic addition of a sequence of 40-60 adenylyl residues at the 3' end of a eukaryotic mitochondrial mRNA primary transcript. Mitochondria contain both stabilizing and destabilizing poly(A) tails.


spermidine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane.


nucleus disassembly

description: The disaggregation of a nucleus into its constituent components.


Schwann cell chemotaxis

description: The directed movement of a Schwann cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter

description: Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a host DNA template. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: ribitol catabolic process to xylulose 5-phosphate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ribitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. Ribitol is initially converted to D-ribulose, which is phosphorylated to form ribulose 5-phosphate, which is then converted into xylulose 5-phosphate.


name: modulation of biological quality in another organism

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological quality in another organism. A biological quality is a measurable attribute of an organism or part of an organism, such as size, mass, shape, color, etc.


CAU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CAU codon.


name: heptaprenyl diphosphate synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 4 isopentenyl diphosphate = 4 diphosphate + all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate.


ascorbate glutathione cycle

description: A cyclic series of interconversions involving L-ascorbate and glutathione that scavenges hydrogen peroxide and reduces it to water, with concomitant oxidation of NADPH.


tyrosine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.


name: signal transduction in absence of ligand

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the absence of a ligand or the withdrawal of a ligand from a receptor.


adhesion to host cell via type IV pili

description: Attachment of bacterial clusters to the surface of the host in a type IV pili dependent manner. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: cellular response to norepinephrine stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a norepinephrine stimulus. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C8H11NO3; it acts as a hormone, and as a neurotransmitter in most of the sympathetic nervous system.


amitosis

description: Nuclear division that occurs by simple constriction of the nucleus without chromosome condensation or spindle formation.


name: type III interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by type III interferon binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


name: negative regulation of cellulose catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellulose catabolic process.


synaptonemal complex disassembly

description: The controlled breakdown of a synaptonemal complex.


canonical Wnt signaling pathway

description: A type of Wnt signaling pathway in which Wnt binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell results in the by propagation of the molecular signals via beta-catenin, and end with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.


name: fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in double fertilization forming two zygotes

description: The binding and fusion of a sperm, with the plasma membrane of the oocyte as part of the process of double fertilization forming two zygotes.


name: 6-sulfoquinovose(1-) catabolic process to glycerone phosphate and 3-sulfolactaldehyde

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-sulfoquinovose(1-) resulting in the formation of glycerone phosphate (DHAP) and 3-sulfolactaldehyde (SLA).


name: conversion of O-phosphoseryl-tRNA to cysteinyl-tRNA

description: The modification process that results in the conversion of O-phosphoserine charged on a tRNA(Cys) to cysteinyl-tRNA.


galactolipid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine.


benzylpenicillin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving benzylpenicillin.


name: regulation of methanofuran biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of methanofuran biosynthetic process.


S-methylmethionine cycle

description: A cyclic series of interconversions involving S-methyl-L-methionine, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine, S-adenosyl-L-methionine, L-homocysteine, and L-methionine. Converts the methionine group of adenosylmethionine back to free methionine, and may serve regulate the cellular adenosylmethionine level.


alkyne catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an alkyne, any acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon (compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen) having a carbon-carbon triple bond and the general formula CnH2n-2.


name: protein localization to medial cortical node

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a medial cortical node.


name: regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process.


nurse cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a nurse cell. During late oogenesis, following the transfer of substances from the nurse cells to the oocyte, nurse cell remnants are cleared from the egg chamber by apoptotic process.


name: regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator.


stomach smooth muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within gastric smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs throughout the length of the stomach.


cellular response to astaxanthin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an astaxanthin stimulus.


name: positive regulation of CD40 signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the CD40 signaling pathway.


collectin receptor activity

description: Combining with a collectin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


homogalacturonan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the pectidic homogalacturonan, characterized by a backbone of (1->4)-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues that can be methyl-esterified at C-6 and carry acetyl groups on O-2 and O-3.


guanylyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a guanylyl group to an acceptor.


name: inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of inorganic anions from one side of a membrane to the other. Inorganic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage.


name: HLA-A specific activating MHC class I receptor activity

description: Combining with a MHC class I molecule of the HLA-A subclass to mediate signaling that activates a lymphocyte.


name: phospholipase D-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway in which the signal is transmitted via the activation of phospholipase D (PLD) and a subsequent increase in the intracellular concentration of phosphatidic acid (PA).


isoleucine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoleucine, (2R*,3R*)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid.


name: lymphocyte chemotaxis across high endothelial venule

description: The movement of a lymphocyte to cross a high endothelial venule in response to an external stimulus.


name: potassium:chloride symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + Cl-(out) = K+(in) + Cl-(in).


Golgi transport vesicle coating

description: The addition of specific coat proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of transport vesicles.


histone H4K5 deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H4 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 12) + H2O = histone H4 L-lysine (position 5) + acetate. This reaction represents the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 5 of the histone H4 protein.


rRNA pseudouridylation guide activity

description: Specifies the site of pseudouridylation in an rRNA molecule by base pairing with a short sequence around the target residue.


telomere formation via telomerase

description: A cellular process that results in the formation of a telomere at a non-telomeric double-stranded DNA end that involves the activity of a telomerase enzyme.


quinone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of quinone.


bacteriocin immunity

description: A process that mediates resistance to a bacteriocin: any of a heterogeneous group of polypeptide antibiotics that are secreted by certain bacterial strains and are able to kill cells of other susceptible (frequently related) strains after adsorption at specific receptors on the cell surface. They include the colicins, and their mechanisms of action vary.


name: negative regulation of gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gibberellic acid mediated signaling activity.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: phenylthioacetohydroximate + UDP-D-glucose = desulfoglucotropeolin + UDP.


tetrapyrrole catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next.


name: termination of RNA polymerase II transcription, poly(A)-coupled

description: An RNA polymerase II transcription termination process in which cleavage and polyadenylylation of the mRNA 3' end are coupled to transcription termination.