A carbohydrate acid derivative anion that is the conjugate base of alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosylceramide arising from deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


N-acylsphingosine

The parent compounds of the ceramide family, composed of sphingosine having an unspecified fatty acyl group attached to the nitrogen.


N-acylsphingosine 1-phosphate

A ceramide phosphate compound having the phosphate group in the 1-position and an unspecified acyl group atached to the nitrogen atom.


A diosylceramide having beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the disaccharide component.


An anionic ganglioside anion that is the conjugate base of alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1')-Cer arising from deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


(18S)-resolvin E1

A resolvin that is (6Z,8E,10E,14Z,16E)-icosa-6,8,10,14,16-pentaenoic acid which is substituted at positions 5, 12 and 18 by hydroxy groups (the 5S,12R,18S stereoisomer).


An epoxy fatty acid that is (7E,9E,11Z,14Z,16E)-icosa-7,9,11,14,16-pentaenoic acid carrying an epoxy group at position 5S and a hydroxy group at position 18S. It is an intermediate in resolvin E1 biosynthesis.


A polyunsaturated fatty acid that is (6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-icosapentaenoic acid substituted at positions 5 and 18 by hydroperoxy and hydroxy groups respectively (the 5S, 18S-stereoisomer).


An 18-HEPE that consists of (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-icosapentaenoic in which the 18-hydroxy group has S-configuration.


(18S)-hydroperoxyicosapentaenoic acid

A hydroperoxyicosapentaenoic acid that is an icosapentaenoic acid in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 18 has been replaced by a hydroperoxy group.


EPA

An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17.


A hydroperoxyicosapentaenoic acid that is (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-icosapentaenoic acid in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 18 has been replaced by a hydroperoxy group. One of the two stereoisomers formed when acetylated COX2 oxidises the omega-3 fatty acid EPA.


acetylsalicylate

A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.


salicylates

Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.


ACETOACETIC ACID

A 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid bearing a 3-oxo substituent.


The 18(R) stereoisomer of the epoxy-HEPE intermediate in RvE1 biosynthesis


A polyunsaturated fatty acid that is (6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-icosapentaenoic acid substituted at positions 5 and 18 by hydroperoxy and hydroxy groups respectively (the 5S, 18R-stereoisomer).


An 18-HEPE that consists of (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-icosapentaenoic in which the 18-hydroxy group has R-configuration.


kynurenic acid

A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4.


An endocannabinoid and an endogenous agonist of the cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2). It is an ester formed from omega-6-arachidonic acid and glycerol.


A  3-acyl-sn-glycerol where arachidonoyl is the 3-acyl group.


glycerophospholipid

Any glycerolipid having a phosphate group ester-linked to a terminal carbon of the glycerol backbone.


glycosphingolipid

A glycosphingolipid is a glycolipid that is a carbohydrate-containing derivative of a sphingoid or ceramide. It is understood that the carbohydrate residue is attached by a glycosidic linkage to O-1 of the sphingoid.


A sialotriaosylceramide consisting of the pentasaccharide beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc attached to the primary hydroxy function of ceramide.


An organosulfate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the sulfate group of any 1-(3-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactosyl)-ceramide; major species at pH 7.3.


A sialodiosylceramide consisting of the tetrasaccharide alpha-Neu5NAc-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5NAc-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc attached to the primary hydroxy function of ceramide.


Dianion of UDP-alpha-D-xylose arising from deprotonation of both free diphosphate OH groups.


UDP-glucuronic acid

A UDP-sugar having alpha-D-glucuronic acid as the sugar component.


A linear trisaccharide glycosyl group consisting of two galactosyl residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end.


A linear tetrasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of one galacturonic acid resiue and two galactosyl residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end.


D-glucuronic acid

The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.


A linear pentasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one N-acetylglucosamine residue, one glucuronic acid residue and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine

The open-chain form of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.


A linear pentasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one glucosamine residue, one glucuronic acid residue, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A linear pentasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one glucosamine residue sulfated on nitrogen and at O-3, one glucuronic acid residue, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A linear hexasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one iduronic acid residue, one glucosamine residue sulfated on nitrogen and at O-3, one glucuronic acid residue, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A linear hexasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one iduronic acid residue sulfated on O-2, one glucosamine residue sulfated on nitrogen and at O-3, one glucuronic acid residue, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A linear heptasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one iduronic acid residue sulfated on O-2, two glucosamine residues, of which one is N-acetylated and the other is sulfated on nitrogen and at O-3, one glucuronic acid residue, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A linear heptasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one iduronic acid residue sulfated on O-2, two glucosamine residues, one of which is sulfated on nitrogen and at O-3, one glucuronic acid residue, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A linear heptasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one iduronic acid residue sulfated on O-2, two glucosamine residues, both sulfated on nitrogen and with one also sulfated at O-3 and the other sulfated at O-6, one glucuronic acid residue, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A linear octasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of two iduronic acid residues, one of which is sulfated on O-2, two glucosamine residues, both sulfated on nitrogen and with one also sulfated at O-3 and the other sulfated at O-6, one glucuronic acid residue, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A linear heptasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of two N-acetylgalactosamine residues (both sulfated at the 4-position), one iduronic acid residue sulfated at the 2-position, one glucuronic acid residue and two galactosyl residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end.


A linear heptasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of two N-acetylgalactosamine residues (one of which is sulfated at the 4-position), one iduronic acid residue sulfated at the 2-position, one glucuronic acid residue and two galactosyl residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end.


A linear heptasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of two N-acetylgalactosamine residues (one of which is sulfated at the 4-position), one iduronic acid residue, one glucuronic acid residue and two galactosyl residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end.


An amino hexasaccharide comprising an iduronic acid residue, an acetylated galactosamine residue, sulfated on O-4, a glucuronic acid residue, and two galactose residues, linked to a xylose residue at the reducing end. It is an intermediate in the dermatan sulfate degradation pathway.


An amino disaccharide consisting of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having a beta-D-glucuronosyl residue attached at the 3-position.


A branched amino tetrasaccharide comprised of an alpha-D-mannosyl residue linked (1->6) to the middle mannose of alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc. An intermediate glycan structure of glycosylated proteins.


An amino disaccharide comprising a beta-D-mannose residue linked (1->4) to an N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine residue at the reducing end.


D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

The furanose form of D-fructose 1-phosphate.


Conjugate base of (R)-S-lactoylglutathione.


methylglyoxal

A 2-oxo aldehyde derived from propanal.


pristanate

A methyl-branched fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of pristanic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


pristanoyl-CoA

A multi-methyl-branched fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of pristanic acid.


A multi-methyl-branched fatty acyl-CoA having 2-hydroxyphytanoyl as the S-acyl group.


formyl-CoA

An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of formic acid.


phytanoyl-CoA

The S-phytanoyl derivative of coenzyme A.


phytanic acid

A branched-chain saturated fatty acid consisting of hexadecanoic acid carrying methyl substituents at positions 3, 7, 11 and 15.


A saturated fatty acyl-CoA(4-) oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of tetracosanoyl-CoA. The major species at pH 7.3.


long-chain 2,3-trans-enoyl CoA(4-)

A 2,3-trans-enoyl CoA(4-) obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of any long-chain 2,3-trans-enoyl CoA (long-chain = chain length between C13 and C22); major species at pH 7.3.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of cis-3-octenoic acid.


Pentaanion of malonyl-CoA arising from deprotonation of phosphate, diphosphate and carboxylic acid functions.


A multi-methyl-branched fatty acyl-CoA that is the S-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl) derivative of coenzyme A.


A medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of 4,8-dimethylnonanoic acid.


A multi-methyl-branched fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of 3-oxopristanic acid.


A multi-methyl-branched fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of 3-hydroxypristanic acid.


A long-chain fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (E)-2,3-didehydropristanic acid.


Pristanoyl-CoA in which C-2 of the pristanoyl group has S-configuration.


carnitinium

A quaternary ammonium ion that is the the conjugate acid of carnitine.


2-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid comprising a C16 straight chain carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 2.


fatty acyl-CoA(4-)

An acyl-CoA(4-) arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of any fatty acyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


L-histidine

The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.


L-threonine

An optically active form of threonine having L-configuration.


D-serine

The R-enantiomer of serine.


nicotinate

A pyridinemonocarboxylate that is the conjugate base of nicotinic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


nicotinic acid

A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.


sulfite

A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3).


cystathionine

A modified amino acid generated by enzymic means from L-homocysteine and L-serine.


L-homocysteine zwitterion

An amino acid zwitterion arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of L-homocysteine; major species at pH 7.3.


PYRIDINE

An  azaarene comprising a benzene core in which one -CH group is replaced by a nitrogen atom. It is the parent compound of the class pyridines.


MERCAPTOPURINE

A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.


A thiopurine that is 9H-purine substituted by a methylsulfanyl group at position 6.


PROTOCATECHUIC ACID

A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 4.


L-cystine

The L-enantiomer of the sulfur-containing amino acid cystine.


malonyl-CoA

The S-malonyl derivative of coenzyme A.


very long-chain fatty acid anion

Any fatty acid anion with a chain length greater than C22.


An acyl-CoA(4-) arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate functions of arachidonoyl-CoA.


A 3-oxo-fatty acyl-CoA(4-) arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate groups of 3-oxooctadecanoyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


Tetraanion of icosanoyl-CoA arising from deprotonation of phosphate and diphosphate functions.


A 2,3-trans-enoyl CoA(4-) arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate groups of trans-2-octadecenoyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


An acyl-CoA(4-) arising from deprotonation of phosphate and diphosphate functions of stearoyl-CoA.


The tetraanion of an (R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA compound.


An O-(S-acylpantetheine-4'-phosphoryl)serine(1-) residue in which the S-acyl group must carry a 3-oxo substituent.


D-ASPARTATE

The D-enantiomer of aspartic acid.


L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoic acid zwitterion

An L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoic acid. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).


medium-chain fatty acid

Any fatty acid with a chain length of between C6 and C12.


docosanoyl-CoA

A very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of docosanoic (behenic) acid.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of trans-dec-3-enoic acid.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (2-trans,4-cis)-deca-2,4-dienoic acid.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of cis-dec-4-enoic acid.


butyric acid

A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group.


A mono-unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any 2-methylpentadecenoic acid.


long-chain fatty acyl-CoA

A fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any long-chain (C13 to C22) fatty acid.


(R)-2-hydroxyglutaric acid

The (R)-enantiomer of 2-hydroxyglutaric acid.


ASPARTAME

A dipeptide zwitterion resulting from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of aspartame; major species at pH 7.3.


homogentisic acid

A dihydroxyphenylacetic acid having the two hydroxy substituents at the 2- and 5-positions.


L-serine-O-phosphate

The L-enantiomer of O-phosphoserine.


ferroheme a(2-)

The porphyrin carboxylic acid anion that is ferroheme a protonated to pH 7.3.


bilirubin

A member of the class of  biladienes that is a linear tetrapyrrole with the dipyrrole units being of both exovinyl and endovinyl type. A product of heme degradation, it is produced in the reticuloendothelial system by the reduction of biliverdin and transported to the liver as a complex with serum albumin.


electron acceptor

A substance to which an electron may be transferred.


5-aminolevulinic acid

The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.


Conjugate base of porphobilinogen arising from deprotonation of the two carboxy groups and protonation of the amino group; major species at pH 7.3.


Dicarboxylate anion of protoporphyrinogen.


Octaanion of preuroporphyrinogen arising from global deprotonation of the eight carboxy groups; major species at pH 7.3.


uroporphyrinogen I(8-)

The cyclic tetrapyrrole anion that is the octacarboxylate anion of uroporphyrinogen I.


ferroheme o(2-)

The cyclic tetrapyrrole anion that is ferroheme o protonated to pH 7.3.


protoporphyrin

A cyclic tetrapyrrole that consists of porphyrin bearing four methyl substituents at positions 3, 8, 13 and 17, two vinyl substituents at positions 7 and 12 and two 2-carboxyethyl substituents at positions 2 and 18. The parent of the class of protoporphyrins.


hyaluronic acid

A mucopolysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid subunits. It is found in the connective tissues of vertebrates. A principal constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM), it mediates the growth and metastasis of tumour cells.


A peptide anion obtained by deprotonation of the three carboxy groups of N-acetyl-Asp-Glu; major species at pH 7.3.


N-ACETYLASPARTIC ACID

An N-acyl-L-aspartic acid in which the acyl group is specified as acetyl.


An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of 3-sulfino-L-alanine, arising from deprotonation of the sulfino and carboxy groups and protonation of the amino group; major species at pH 7.3.


HYPOTAURINE

An aminosulfinic acid comprising ethylamine having the sulfo group at the 2-position.


The dication resulting from deprotonation of the amino and guanidino groups of agmatine; major species at pH 7.3.


putrescine

A four-carbon alkane-alpha,omega-diamine. It is obtained by the breakdown of amino acids and is responsible for the foul odour of putrefying flesh.


S-adenosyl-L-methioninamine

Conjugate acid of S-adenosylmethioninamine arising from protonation of the primary amino group.


spermine

A polyazaalkane that is tetradecane in which the carbons at positions 1, 5, 10 and 14 are replaced by nitrogens. Spermine has broad actions on cellular metabolism.


An  acetylspermine carrying an acetyl group at position N(1).


An acetylspermidine having the acetyl group at the N1-position.


spermidine

A triamine that is the 1,5,10-triaza derivative of decane.


METHYLTHIOADENOSINE

Adenosine with the hydroxy group at C-5' substituted with a methylthio (methylsulfanyl) group.


trans-urocanic acid

A urocanic acid in which the double bond of the carboxyethene moiety has E configuration.


carnosine

A dipeptide that is the N-(beta-alanyl) derivative of L-histidine.


An imidazol-4-one having a 2-carboxyethyl substituent at the 5-position.


N-formimidoyl-L-glutamic acid

The N-formimidoyl derivative of L-glutamic acid


L-KYNURENINE

A kynurenine that has L configuration.


2-aminomuconic 6-semialdehyde

A muconic semialdehyde having a 2-amino substituent.


The cis,cis-isomer of 2-amino-3-(3-oxoprop-1-enyl)but-2-enedioic acid.


3-hydroxyanthranilic acid

An  aminobenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted at C-2 by an amine group and at C-3 by a hydroxy group. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of the amino acid tryptophan.


QUINOLINIC ACID

A pyridinedicarboxylic acid that is pyridine substituted by carboxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite of tryptophan.


D-ribosylnicotinate

Conjugate base of D-ribosylnicotinic acid.


nicotinic acid D-ribonucleotide

A D-ribonucleotide having nicotinic acid as the nucleobase.


NICOTINAMIDE RIBOSIDE

A pyridine nucleoside consisting of nicotinamide with a beta-D-ribofuranosyl moiety at the 1-position.


(S)-NADPHX

A tetrahydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide obtained by formal stereo- and regioselective hydration across the 2,3-double bond in the nicotinyl ring of NADPH, with the hydroxy group located at position 2, having (S)-configuration.


(R)-NADPHX

A tetrahydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide obtained by formal stero- and regioselective hydration across the 2,3-double bond in the nicotinyl ring of NADPH, with the hydroxy group located at position 2, having (R)-configuration.


(ADP-D-ribosyl)(n)-acceptor

A generic representative substrate in the ADP ribosylation of proteins


METHYLSELENINIC ACID

An organoselenium compound that is seleninic acid in which the hydrogen attached to selenium is replaced by a methyl group.


methylselenenic acid

An organoselenium compound comprising a methyl and hydroxy group covalently bound to a selenium atom.


A monosaccharide derivative that is  N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine in which the anomeric hydroxy group is replaced by a methylseleno group.


A glutathione conjugate obtained by formation of a thioselenide link between the thiol group of glutathione and the selenol group of 1-seleno-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine.


glutathioselenol

A glutathione derivative that is glutathione in which the hydrogen attached to the sulfur is replaced by a selenol group.


N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl group

The glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine.


A carboxylic acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of all four carboxy groups and the protonation of both of the primary amino groups of selenodiglutathione. The major species at pH 7.3.


3'-phosphoadenylyl selenate

An organoselenium compound that is adenylyl selenate with the hydroxy at position 3' replaced by a phosphate group.


adenylyl selenate

The 5'-selenonooxyphosphate ester of adenosine.


N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine

An N-acetyl-D-galactosamine having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre.


methylselenol

An organoselenium compound that is a selenium analogue of methanol, comprising a methyl group covalently bound to a selenol group.


selenomethionine

The L-enantiomer of selenomethionine.


L-adenosylselenohomocysteine

A selenoamino acid that is L-selenomethionine in which the methyl group attached to the selenium is replaced by a 5'-adenosyl group.


L-selenohomocysteine

A selenoamino acid that is the selenium analogue of L-homocysteine.


L-adenosylselenomethionine

A selenomethionine consisting of L-selenomethionine having an adenosyl group attached to the selenium.


SELENOCYSTEINE

The L-enantiomer of selenocysteine.


L-selenocystathionine

An optically active form of selenocystathionine in which both amino acid residues have L-configuration.


METHYLSELENOCYSTEINE

An L-alpha-amino acid compound having methylselanylmethyl as the side-chain.


selenophosphate

A trivalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of all three protons from selenophosphoric acid.


dimethylselenide

An organoselenium compound of two methyl groups covalently bound to a selenium.


The conjugate base of 2-aminoacrylic acid; major species at pH 7.3.


blood group Type 1 oligosaccharide chain precursor


An alpha-D-galactosyl group derived from beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal The minimum precursor oligosaccharide sequence required by the ABO blood group system to form antigens. This sequence is for Type 1 chains found in secretions.


A branched amino pentasaccharide comprising one fucose, two galactose, one glucosamine and one glucose unit (at the reducing end), linked as shown.


An alpha-D-galactosyl group derived from alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal-yl group. The H (O) antigen formed from a Type 1 precursor chain.


Lewis X antigen

One of the blood groups of the Lewis antigen system


A galactosyl group derived from alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-alpha-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-Gal. The precursor oligosaccharide group for the ABO blood group system.


An alpha-D-galactosyl group derived from alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal-yl group. The blood group O (H) antigen from which subsequent sugar additions form blood groups A, B and AB


Type 1 monosialylgalactosylgloboside

An intermediate in the formation of Lewis blood groups


Type 1 disialyl-paragloboside

Formed by the addition of sialic acid (Neu5Ac) to Type 1 MSGG and is the precursor for disialyl-Lewis A antigen


L-dopaquinone

An L-phenylalanine derivative in which the phenyl group of L-phenylalanine is replaced by a 3,4-dioxocyclohexa-1,5-dien-1-yl group.


leucodopachrome

Indoline substituted with hydroxy groups at C-5 and -6 and a carboxy group at C-2, and with S stereochemistry at C-2.


guanidoacetic acid

The N-amidino derivative of glycine.


creatine

A glycine derivative having methyl and amidino groups attached to the nitrogen.


Dianion of N-phosphocreatine arising from deprotonation of the phospho and carboxy groups and protonation of the guanidino group; major species at pH 7.3.


The 3-hydroxy derivative of N(6),N(6),N(6)-trimethyl-L-lysine


4-(trimethylammonio)butanoic acid

A quaternary ammonium ion that is the  conjugate acid of 4-(trimethylammonio)butanoate.


BETAINE ALDEHYDE

A quaternary ammonium ion that is nitrogen substituted by three methyl groups and a 2-oxoethyl group. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of amino acids like glycine, serine and threonine.


N,N-dimethylglycine zwitterion

An amino acid zwitterion resulting from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of N,N-dimethylglycine; major species at pH 7.3.


sarcosine

A N-alkylglycine that is the N-methyl derivative of glycine. It is an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of glycine.


N-acetylserotonin

An N-acylserotonin resulting from the formal condensation of the primary amino group of serotonin with the carboxy group of acetic acid.


A diiodotyrosine that is L-tyrosine carrying iodo-substituents at positions C-3 and C-5 of the benzyl group. It is an intermediate in the thyroid hormone synthesis.


iodine

Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge..


IOTYROSINE

The monoiodotyrosine that is L-tyrosine carrying an iodo-substituent at position C-3 of the benzyl group.


The L-enantiomer of thyroxine.


Dianion of S-methyl-5-thio-D-ribulose 1-phosphate.


Dianion of S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate.


Dianion of 5-(methylsulfanyl)-2,3-dioxopentyl phosphate.


Conjugate base of 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylthio)pent-1-en-3-one arising from deprotonation of the 2-hydroxy group.


The 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion derived from 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid. The major microspecies at pH 7.3, it is formed from L-methionine via the action of methionine transaminase.


An ionic macromolecule consisting of (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate(2-) with an arbitrary number of glutamate residues attached as a polypeptide to the single existent one.


A tetrahydrofolyl glutamate consisting of a tetrahydrofolyl group linked via an amide bond to a poly(gamma-glutamyl chain)


folic acid

An N-acyl-amino acid that is a form of the water-soluble vitamin B9. Its biologically active forms (tetrahydrofolate and others) are essential for nucleotide biosynthesis and homocysteine remethylation.


10-formyltetrahydrofolic acid

A form of tetrahydrofolate that acts as a donor of formyl groups in anabolism. In these reactions 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acid is used as a substrate in formyltransferase reactions, which is important in purine biosynthesis.


An ionic macromolecule consisting of (6R)-5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate(2-) with an arbitrary number of glutamate residues attached as a polypeptide to the single existent one.


CYANIDE

A one-carbon compound consisting of a methine group triple bonded to a nitrogen atom


3-mercaptopyruvic acid

A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is  pyruvic acid substituted by a sulfanyl group at position 3.


cysteaminium

An ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of cysteamine; major species at pH 7.3.


methiosulfonium chloride

A sulfonium compound that is the conjugate acid of S-methyl-L-methioninate.


N-oleoyl-L-phenylalaninate

An N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of N-oleoyl-L-phenylalanine. The major species at pH 7.3.


oleate

A C18, long straight-chain monounsaturated fatty acid anion; and the conjugate base of oleic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid group.


fatty acid anion

The conjugate base of a fatty acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid group of the corresponding fatty acid.


fatty acid

Any aliphatic monocarboxylic acid derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax. Natural fatty acids commonly have a chain of 4 to 28 carbons (usually unbranched and even-numbered), which may be saturated or unsaturated. By extension, the term is sometimes used to embrace all acyclic aliphatic carboxylic acids.


trehalose 6,6'-dimycolate

A trehalose mycolate compound consisting of two C58 mycolate groups attached to the 6- and 6'-positions of alpha,alpha'-trehalose. A mycobacterial cell wall glycolipid.


lipoarabinomannan

A glycolipid comprising a glycosylphosphatidyl-myo-inositol-anchored lipoglycan; a virulence factor associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.


cyclic di-GMP

A cyclic purine dinucleotide that is the 3',5'-cyclic dimer of MP.


An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of c-GMP-AMP; major species at pH 7.3.


anionic phospholipid

Any organophosphate oxoanion that is a negatively charged phospholipid, e.g. phosphatidylserine(1-), phosphatidate(2-), phosphatidylglycerol(1-).


An N-acetyl-beta-D-glycosaminyl glycopeptide consisting of an N-acetyl-beta-D-glycosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetylmuramoyl moiety attached to the amino terminus of the pentapeptide L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala via an amide linkage.


lipid II

An undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl peptide in which the peptide element is L-alanyl-D-gamma-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine.


thiocyanate

A pseudohalide anion obtained by deprotonation of the thiol group of thiocyanic acid.


hypothiocyanous acid

A  sulfur oxoacid that is sulfenic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the sulfur has been replaced by a cyano group.


HYPOCHLOROUS ACID

A chlorine oxoacid with formula HOCl; a weak, unstable acid, it is the active form of chlorine in water.


nitrite

The nitrogen oxoanion formed by loss of a proton from nitrous acid.


A monovalent inorganic cation resulting from the removal of the unpaired electron from nitric oxide.


carboxymycobactin

Any one of a class of alpha-amino acid ester-lactams secreted by, amongst others,  Mycobacterium tuberculosis and which are both lipid- and water-soluble and act as siderophores.


desferrimycobactin T

A cyclic hydroxamic acid secreted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which is lipid-soluble and acts as a siderophore.


mycothiol

A pseudodisaccharide, 1D-myo-inosityl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, in which the hydroxy group at the 2-position of the glucose moiety is replaced by an (N-acetyl-L-cysteinyl)amido group.


S-nitrosomycothiol

The S-nitroso derivative of mycothiol.


mycothione

The disulfide resulting from oxidative coupling of the thiol groups of two molecules of mycothiol.


S-NITROSOGLUTATHIONE

A glutathione derivative that is glutathione in which the hydrogen attached to the sulfur has been replaced by a nitroso group.


A deazaflavin cofactor in reduced form is used by mycobacteria to protect itself from nitrosative damage.


A deazaflavin cofactor used by mycobacteria to protect itself from nitrosative damage. The oxidised form needs to be reduced for this use.


sialic acid

Any of the N-acylneuraminic acids and their esters and other derivatives of the alcoholic hydroxy groups.


The conjugate base of a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine compound formed by deprotonation of the phosphate OH group.


phytosterols

Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond.


lipid

'Lipids' is a loosely defined term for substances of biological origin that are soluble in nonpolar solvents. They consist of saponifiable lipids, such as glycerides (fats and oils) and phospholipids, as well as nonsaponifiable lipids, principally steroids.


all-trans-retinal

A retinal in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.


A retinal having 2E,4Z,6E,8E-double bond geometry.


retinol

Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.


N-retinylidenephosphatidylethanolamine

A Schiff base obtained by formal condensation of the aldehyde group of  all-trans-retinal with the amino group of phosphatidylethanolamine.


ergothioneine

A L-histidine derivative that is N(alpha),N(alpha),N(alpha)-trimethyl-L-histidine in which the hydrogen at position 2 on the imdazole ring is replaced by a mercapto group. A naturally occurring metabolite of histidine synthesized by bacteria and fungi with antioxidant properties. It is found ubiquitously in plants and animals and is present in many human foodstuffs.


taurolithocholic acid sulfate

The steroid sulfate of taurolithocholic acid.


digoxin

A  cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.


biotin

An organic heterobicyclic compound that consists of 2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazole having a valeric acid substituent attached to the tetrahydrothiophene ring. The parent of the class of biotins.


pantothenic acid

A pantothenic acid having R-configuration.


monocarboxylic acid anion

A carboxylic acid anion formed when the carboxy group of a monocarboxylic acid is deprotonated.


calcium phosphate

A calcium salt composed of calcium and phosphate/diphosphate ions; present in milk and used for the mineralisation of calcified tissues.


divalent metal cation

A metal cation with a valence of two.


cation

A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the proton.


A N-substituted amine that is 4-aminobiphenyl substituted by a hydroxy group at the nitrogen atom.


methylarsonite

An arsenic oxoanion obtained deprotonation of both arsenite OH groups of methylarsonous acid.


An arsenite ion resulting from the removal of a proton from one of the hydroxy groups of arsenous acid.


methylarsonous acid

A one-carbon compound that is arsonous acid in which the hydrogen attached to arsenic is replaced by a methyl group.


ACETIC ACID PHENYL ESTER

An  acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.


Tetraanion of phenylacetyl-CoA arising from deprotonation of phosphate and diphosphate functions.


A hydroxybenzoyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid.


salicylic acid

A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid with a hydroxy group at the ortho position. It is obtained from the bark of the white willow and wintergreen leaves.


benzoate

The simplest member of the class of  benzoates that is the conjugate base of benzoic acid, comprising a benzoic acid core with a proton missing to give a charge of -1.


P-NITROPHENOL

A member of the class of 4-nitrophenols that is phenol in which the hydrogen that is para to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group.


p-nitrophenyl butyrate

A butyrate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 4-nitrophenol with the carboxy group of butyric acid.


pregnenolone

A 20-oxo steroid that is pregn-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 20.


estradiol

The 17beta-isomer of estradiol.


lithocholate

A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of lithocholic acid.


dehydroepiandrosterone

An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.


estrone

A 17-oxo steroid that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by an hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17.


L-cysteinylglycine zwitterion

The zwitterion of L-cysteinylglycine resulting from the transfer of a proton from the hydroxy group of glycine to the amino group of cysteine. Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


Conjugate base of L-gamma-glutamyl-L-cysteine arising from deprotonation of both carboxy groups and protonation of the primary amino group; major species at pH 7.3.


Conjugate base of 5-oxo-L-proline.


N-acetyl-L-cysteinate

A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of  N-acetyl-L-cysteine, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


DINITROCHLOROBENZENE

A C-nitro compound that is chlorobenzene carrying a nitro substituent at each of the 2- and 4-positions.


dihydrogen

An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.


paracetamol

A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.


S-formylglutathione

A S-acylglutathione in which the acyl group specified is formyl.


An aminobiphenyl that is biphenyl substituted by an amino group at position 4.


mycophenolic acid O-acyl-glucuronide

A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid with the anomeric hydroxy group of beta-D-glucuronic acid.


GLYCITEIN

A  methoxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 and hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 4'. It has been isolated from the mycelia of the fungus Cordyceps sinensis.


deoxycorticosterone

A mineralocorticoid that is progesterone substituted at position 21 by a hydroxy group.


cortisol

A 17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid that is pregn-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 20 and hydroxy groups at positions 11, 17 and 21. Cortisol is a corticosteroid hormone or glucocorticoid produced by zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex, which is a part of the adrenal gland. It is usually referred to as the "stress hormone" as it is involved in response to stress and anxiety, controlled by corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). It increases blood pressure and blood sugar, and reduces immune responses.


progesterone

A C21-steroid hormone in which a pregnane skeleton carries oxo substituents at positions 3 and 20 and is unsaturated at C(4)-C(5). As a hormone, it is involved in the female menstrual cycle, pregnancy and embryogenesis of humans and other species.


An  oxysterol that is cholesterol substituted  by hydroxy groups at positions 20 and 22 (the 20R,22R-stereoisomer).


An oxysterol that is the 22R-hydroxy derivative of cholesterol.


A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone.


A C21-steroid that is pregnane which contains a double bond between positions 5 and 6 and is substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 20.


keratan sulfate

A sulfated glycosaminoglycan, a linear polymer that consists of the repeating disaccharide  [3)-beta-Gal-(1->4)-beta-GlcNAc-(1->] and containing sulfo groups located at random positions.


Tetraanion of P(1),P(4)-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate arising from deprotonation of the tetraphosphate OH groups; major species at pH 7.3.


phosphate monoester

An organic phosphate that is phosphoric acid in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by an organyl group.


vitamin A palmitate

An all-trans-retinyl ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of palmitic (hexadecanoic acid) with the hydroxy group of all-trans-retinol. It is used in cosmetic products to treat various skin disorders such as acne, skin aging, wrinkles, dark spots, and also protect against psoriasis.


quercetin

A pentahydroxyflavone having the five hydroxy groups placed at the 3-, 3'-, 4'-, 5- and 7-positions. It is one of the most abundant flavonoids in edible vegetables, fruit and wine.


isomaltose

A glycosylglucose consisting of two D-glucopyranose units connected by an alpha-(1->6)-linkage.


lactose

A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.


MALTOTRIOSE

A maltotriose trisaccharide in which the glucose residue at the reducing end is in the pyranose ring form and has alpha configuration at the anomeric carbon atom..


limit dextrin

Limit dextrin is the remaining polymer produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of amylopectine with an amylase.


TREHALOSE

A trehalose in which both glucose residues have alpha-configuration at the anomeric carbon.


chitotriose

An amino trisaccharide comprising of three 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose units joined by beta-(1->4) linkages.


trimethylenediamine

An alkane-alpha,omega-diamine comprising a propane skeleton with amino substituents at positions 1 and 3.


menatetrenone

A menaquinone whose side-chain contains 4 isoprene units in an all-trans-configuration.


A member of the class of tetralins obtained by formal epoxidation across the 2,3-double bond of menatetrenone.


geranylgeranyl diphosphate(3-)

Trianion of geranylgeranyl diphosphate arising from deprotonation of the three acidic OH groups of the diphosphate.


menadione

A member of the class of 1,4-naphthoquinones that is 1,4-naphthoquinone which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group. It is used as a nutritional supplement and for the treatment of hypoprothrombinemia.


S-[(2E,6E)-farnesyl]-L-cysteine residue

An alpha-amino-acid residue derived from S-[(2E,6E)-farnesyl]-L-cysteine


ganglioside GT1b

A sialoheptaosylceramide where the sialoheptaosyl portion contains three sialic acid residues.


A sialotetraosylceramide having beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc as the sialotetraosyl component.


RNA polyanion

An ionic polymer obtained by global deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of any RNA. Major structure at pH 7.3


A leukotriene that is the (5S,6S)-epoxy derivative of (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid.


An icosatetraenoic acid in which the double bonds are located at the 6-7, 8-9, 11-12, and 14-15 positions and have E, Z, Z, and Z geometry, respectively, and in which the pro-S hydrogen is substituted by a hydroperoxy group.


thiamine(1+) triphosphate

A thiamine phosphate that is thiamine(1+) in which the hydroxy group is replaced by a triphosphate group. It is found in low amounts in most vertebrate tissues and can phosphorylate certain proteins.


thiamine

A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.


PYRIDOXAMINE

A monohydroxypyridine that is pyridine substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3, an aminomethyl group at position 4, a hydroxymethyl group at position 5 and a methyl group at position 2. The 4-aminomethyl form of vitamin B6, it is used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt) for treatment of diabetic nephropathy.


PYRIDOXAMINE PHOSPHATE ANHYDROUS

A vitamin B6 phosphate that is the  phosphoric ester derivative of pyridoxamine.


pyridoxal

A pyridinecarbaldehyde that is pyridine-4-carbaldehyde bearing methyl, hydroxy and hydroxymethyl substituents at positions 2, 3 and 5 respectively. The 4-carboxyaldehyde form of vitamin B6, it is converted into pyridoxal phosphate, a coenzyme for the synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters, sphingolipids and aminolevulinic acid.


pyridoxine

A hydroxymethylpyridine with hydroxymethyl groups at positions 4 and 5, a hydroxy group at position 3 and a methyl group at position 2. The 4-methanol form of vitamin B6, it is converted intoto pyridoxal phosphate which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters, sphingolipids and aminolevulinic acid.


precursor Z(1-)

The anion resulting from the removal of the proton from the phosphate group of precursor Z.


The trianion of molybdopterin obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate and 7-SH groups; major species at pH 7.3.


molybdate

A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from molybdic acid


molybdopterin cofactor

A molybdopterin to which a metal or metal oxide is coordinated, and that acts as a prosthetic group.


corrinoid

A derivative of the corrin nucleus, which contains four reduced or partly reduced pyrrole rings joined in a macrocycle by three =C- groups and one direct carbon-carbon bond linking alpha positions.


A dicarboxylic acid anion arising from deprotonation of both carboxylic acid functions of (6R)-5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolic acid.


A macromolecule consisting of 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid with an arbitrary number of glutamate residues attached as a polypeptide to the single existent one.


A dioxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 2,3-diketogulonic acid, and the major species at pH 7.3.


An adenosine 5'-phosphate that is coenzyme A in which the phosphate group at position 3' has been replaced by a hydrogen atom. It is an intermediate metabolite in pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis.


D-pantetheine 4'-phosphate

Pantetheine 4'-phosphate with D (R) configuration at the 2' position.


The N-[(R)-4-phosphopantothenoyl] derivative of L-cysteine.


(R)-4'-phosphopantothenic acid

An amidoalkyl phosphate that is the 4-phosphate derivative of (R)-pantothenic acid.


pantetheine

An amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of pantothenic acid and the amino group of cysteamine.


riboflavin

D-Ribitol in which the hydroxy group at position 5 is substituted by a 7,8-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-3,4-dihydrobenzo[g]pteridin-10(2H)-yl moiety. It is a nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables, but the richest natural source is yeast. The free form occurs only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as flavin mononucleotide and flavin-adenine dinucleotide.


biocytin

A  monocarboxylic acid amide that results from the formal condensation of the carboxylic acid group of biotin with the N(6)-amino group of L-lysine.


cob(III)alamin

A cobalamin in which the central cobalt atom has an oxidation state of +3.


Monoanion of cob(I)alamin arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH group; major species at pH 7.3.


A C21-steroid that is pregnane which contains a double bond between positions 5 and 6 and is substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 20 as well as a hydroxy group at position 17.


A deoxycortisol that is cortisol in which the hydroxy group at position 11 has been replaced by a hydrogen.


corticosterone

A 21-hydroxy steroid that consists of pregn-4-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 11 and 21 and oxo groups at positions 3 and 20. Corticosterone is a 21-carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands.


A 18-hydroxy steroid that is corticosterone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 18.


steroid sulfate oxoanion

A steroid sulfonic acid derivative in which an oxygen atom of the sulfate group(s) has been deprotonated.


benzylaminium

The conjugate acid of benzylamine; major product at pH 7.3.


tyramine

A primary amino compound obtained by formal decarboxylation of the amino acid tyrosine.


PERFOSFAMIDE

A phosphorodiamide that is the active metabolite of the nitrogen mustard cyclophosphamide. It has potent antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties.


cocaine

A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.


quinone

Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included).


A pyridine nucleoside consisting of 1,4-dihydronicotinamide with a beta-D-ribofuranosyl moiety at the 1-position.


TCDD

Any dibenzodioxine in which two or more hydrogens have been replaced by chlorines.


trimethylamine

A tertiary amine that is ammonia in which each hydrogen atom is substituted by an methyl group.


methimazole

A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.


S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

An S-substituted glutathione that is glutathione in which the mercapto hydrogen has been replaced by a hydroxymethyl group.


3-hydroxypalmitic acid

A long-chain fatty acid that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of palmitic acid.


The 20-hydroxy derivative of leukotriene B4.


A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of icosa-5,9,14-trienoic acid having three hydroxy groups placed at the 8-, 11- and 12-positions.


A 24-hydroxycholesterol that has S configuration at position 24. It is the major metabolic breakdown product of cholesterol in the brain.


A 7alpha,24-dihydroxycholesterol in which has S configuration at position 24.


The 7alpha-hydroxy derivative of cholesterol.


A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


A cholestanoid that is cholest-4-en-3-one which has been substituted by hydroxy groups at the 7alpha, 12alpha, and 26 positions. It is an intermediate in bile acid metabolism.


An oxysterol that is cholesterol which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 7alpha and 26 positions.


7alpha,24-Dihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one with S-configuration at C-24.


7alpha,12alpha,24-trihydroxycholest-4-en-3-one with S-configuration at C-24.


A cholestanoid consisting of a cholesterol core having an oxo group at the 3-position, a C=C bond at the 4,5-position and an alpha-hydroxy group at the 7-position.


lauric acid

A straight-chain, twelve-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties; the main fatty acid in coconut oil and palm kernel oil.


coumarin

A chromenone having the keto group located at the 2-position.


skatole

A methylindole carrying a methyl substituent at position 3. It is produced during the anoxic metabolism of L-tryptophan in the mammalian digestive tract.


phenytoin

A imidazolidine-2,4-dione that consists of hydantoin bearing two phenyl substituents at position 5.


loperamide

A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.


cyclophosphamide

A phosphorodiamide that is 1,3,2-oxazaphosphinan-2-amine 2-oxide substituted by two 2-chloroethyl groups at the amino nitrogen atom.


caffeine

A trimethylxanthine in which the three methyl groups are located at positions 1, 3, and 7. A purine alkaloid that occurs naturally in tea and coffee.


omeprazole

A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.


BENZENE

A six-carbon aromatic annulene in which each carbon atom donates one of its two 2p electrons into a delocalised pi system. A toxic, flammable liquid byproduct of coal distillation, it is used as an industrial solvent. Benzene is a carcinogen that also damages bone marrow and the central nervous system.


carbon tetrachloride

A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.


VINYL CHLORIDE

A monohaloethene that is ethene in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a chloro group.


halothane

A haloalkane comprising ethane having three flouro substituents at the 1-position as well as bromo- and chloro substituents at the 2-position.


alitretinoin

A retinoic acid in which the exocyclic double bonds have 7E,9Z,11E,13E geometry.


A retinal in which the double bond at position 9 has cis configuration, whilst the remaining acyclic double bonds have trans configuration.


phenacetin

A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 4-ethoxyphenyl group.


aflatoxin B1 dialdehyde

A 1,4-dialdehyde compound having a hydroxy substituent at the 2-position and a 7-hydroxy-9-methoxy-3,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydro-3H-furo[3,4-c]chromen-6-yl group at the 3-position.


aflatoxin B1 8,9-dihydrodiol

An aflatoxin B1 compound formed via enzymic epoxidation of aflatoxin B1 followed by non-enzymic hydrolysis.


5beta-Cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,24-triol with S-configuration at C-24.


5beta-Cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,24,26-tetrol with S-configuration at C-24.


7alpha,24-Dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-3-one with S configuration at C-24.


A 3-oxo-5beta-steroid that is 5beta-cholestan-3-one bearing two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 7alpha and 12alpha.


A steroidal acyl-CoA(4-) resulting from the removal of all four protons from the phosphate groups of chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA. Major species at pH 7.3.


A cholestanoyl-CoA formed by thioester linkage between 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-24-oxo-5beta-cholestan-26-oic acid and coenzyme A.


A cholestanoyl-CoA formed by thioester linkage between 3alpha,7alpha,24-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoic acid and coenzyme A.


3alpha,7alpha,24-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al with S-configuration at C-24.


A cholestanoyl-CoA formed by thioester linkage between 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oic acid and coenzyme A.


A cholestanoid that is 5beta-cholestan-26-oic acid substituted by alpha-hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.


A 3-oxo-5beta-steroid that is 5beta-cholestan-3-one bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at position 7alpha .


An acyl-CoA(4-) that is the tetraanion of choloyl-CoA, arising from deprotonation of phosphate and diphosphate functions.


An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (24R,25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oic acid.


A cholestanoyl-CoA formed by thioester linkage between 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oic acid and coenzyme A.


3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oate with S configuration at C-24; major microspecies at pH 7.3.


3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24-tetrahydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-al with S-configuration at C-24.


5beta-Cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24,26-pentol with S-configuration at C-24.


5beta-Cholestane-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha,24-tetrol with S-configuration at C-24.


7alpha,12alpha,24-Trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-3-one with S-configuration at C-24.


A cholestanoid that is 5beta-cholestan-26-al substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 7 and 12 respectively.


deoxycholic acid

A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively.


cholate

A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of cholic acid.


A glycosylglucopyranuronic acid consisting of alpha-D-xylosyl and D-glucuronic acid residues joined by a (1->3)-linkage. A repeating structure in glycoproteins.


A trisaccharide consisting of D-glucuronic acid, alpha-D-xylosyl and D-glucuronic acid residues joined in sequence by (1->3)-linkages. A repeating unit in glycoprotein DAG1


betacarotene

A cyclic carotene obtained by dimerisation of all-trans-retinol. A strongly-coloured red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruit and the most active and important provitamin A carotenoid.


11-cis-retinyl palmitate

The 11-cis-isomer of retinyl palmitate.


N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine

A pyridinium ion obtained by formal condensation between two molecules of retinol and one the amino group of ethanolamine. A major constituent of retinal pigment epithelium lipofuscin


An acyl derivative of phosphatidic acid whose phosphorus acid component is esterified with an N-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyridinium bisretinoid


5-hydroxyindole acetaldehyde

An aldehyde that is acetaldehyde substituted by a 5-hydroxyindol-3-yl group.


A monomethoxybenzene that is dopamine in which the hydroxy group at position 3 is replaced by a methoxy group. It is a metabolite of the neurotransmitter dopamine and considered a potential biomarker of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas.


A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.


A methyladenosine compound with one methyl group attached to N(6) of the adenine nucleobase.


ribavirin 5'-monophosphate(2-)

An organophosphate oxoanion resulting from the removal of both protons from the phosphate group of  ribavirin 5'-monophosphate. It is the major species at pH 7.3.


A phosphate ion that is the conjugate base of hydrogenphosphate.


ribavirin 5'-triphosphate(4-)

An organophosphate oxoanion resulting from the removal of the four triphosphate OH groups of ribavirin 5'-triphosphate. It is the major species at pH 7.3.


ribavirin 5'-diphosphate(3-)

An organophosphate oxoanion resulting from the removal of the three diphosphate OH groups of  ribavirin 5'-diphosphate. It is the major species at pH 7.3.


An alpha-amino acid zwitterion that is S-(5-acetamido-2-hydroxyphenyl)cysteine in which a proton has been transferred from the carboxy group to the amino group. It is the major species at pH 7.3.


Paracetamol-Cys-Gly conjugate

An intermediate metabolite in the detoxification of the active paracetamol metabolite NAPQI


A member of the class of prostaglandins J that is prosta-5,9,12-trien-1-oic acid carrying oxo and hydsroxy substituents at positions 11 and 15 respectively (the 5Z,12E,15S-stereoisomer).


A member of the class of prostaglandins J that consists of prosta-5,9,13-trien-1-oic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 11 and a hydroxy group at position 15 (the 5Z,13E,15S stereoisomer).


prostaglandin C2

A member of the class of prostaglandins C that is prosta-5,11,13-trien-1-oic acid carrying oxo and hydroxy substituents at positions 9 and 15 respectively (the 5Z,13E,15S-stereoisomer).


THROMBOXANE B2

A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15.


A  dihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid; major species at pH 7.3.


An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid.


4-hydroxyatorvastatin lactone

An intermediate metabolite of the statin drug atorvastatin


6-Thioguanosine monophosphate(2-)

A drug intermediate in the formation of pharmacologically active metabolites of azathioprine. Based on  Chebi:80613


6-Thioxanthine 5'-monophosphate(2-)

A drug intermediate in the formation of pharmacologically active metabolites of azathioprine. Based on Chebi:80612


The ionised form of 6-Thioinosine-5'-monophosphate (Chebi:2332)


6-thiodeoxyguanosine triphosphate (4-)

A pharmacologically active metabolite of azathioprine


metabolite of ciprofloxacin


ciprofloxacin

A  quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.


A secondary ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of ciprofloxacin resulting from the protonation of the NH group; major species at acidic pH.


sulfociprofloxacin

An organosulfonic acid that is ciprofloxacin  carrying a sulfo group at position 4 of the piperazine ring. It is a metabolite of ciprofloxacin.


hydroxylapatite

A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH).


glucose 6-phosphate

A glucopyranose ring with a phosphate replacing the hydroxy in the hydroxymethyl group at position 6.


inositol 1-phosphate

An inositol having myo- configuration substituted at position 1 by a phosphate group.


alkylglycerol

A glycerol ether having at least one alkyl substituent on oxygen.


β-D-hydroxybutyric acid

The R-enantiomer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Involved in the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, it can be used as an energy source by the brain during hypoglycaemia, and for the synthesis of biodegradable plastics. It is a sex pheremone in the European spider Linyphia triangularis.


The conjugate base of (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid.


A HETE having a (5S)-hydroxy group and (6E)-, (8Z)-, (11Z)- and (14Z)-double bonds.


meadowlactone

A delta-lactone obtained by intramolecular condensation of the 5-hydroxy and carboxy groups of 5-hydroxyicosanoic acid. A nonenzymatic oxidation product of arachidonic acid.


anandamide

An N-acylethanolamine 20:4 resulting from the formal condensation of carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine.


20-oxoleukotriene B4

A leukotriene that is leukotriene B4 bearing an additional oxo substituent at position 20.


20-hydroxy-20-oxoleukotriene B4

A member of the class of leukotrienes that is leukotriene B4 in which the terminal methyl group has undergone formal oxidation to the corresponding carboxylic acid.


eoxin A4

An oxylipin that is the (14S,15S)-epoxy derivative of (5Z,8Z,10E,12E)-icosa-5,8,10,12-tetraenoic acid.


eoxin C4

A leukotriene that is the 14R-(S-glutathionyl),15S-hydroxy derivative of (5Z,8Z,10E,12E)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid.


eoxin D4

A leukotriene that is the 14R-(S-cysteinylglycyl),15S-hydroxy derivative of (5Z,8Z,10E,12E)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid.


An optically active form of 15-HETE having 15(S)-configuration..


An optically active form of 15-HETE having 15(R)-configuration.


A HPETE that is (5Z,8Z,10E,12R,14Z)-icosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoic acid with the hydroperoxy group located at position 12 (the R-enantiomer).


The (S)-enantiomer of 12-HPETE.


A long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is icosane in which one of the terminal methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-3-oxotetracosahexaenoic acid. It is a member of n-3 PUFA and a product of alpha-linolenoic acid metabolism.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid. It is a member of n-3 PUFA and a product of alpha-linolenoic acid metabolism.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-3-hydroxytetracosahexaenoic acid. It is a member of n-3 PUFA and a product of alpha-linolenoic acid metabolism.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (2E,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosaheptaenoic acid. It is a member of n-3 PUFA and a product of alpha-linolenoic acid metabolism.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosahexaenoic acid. It is a member of n-3 PUFA and a product of alpha-linolenoic acid metabolism.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z)-tetracosapentaenoic acid. It is a member of the n-3 PUFA and is the product of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid. It is a member of n-3 PUFA and a product of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoic acid. It is a member of n-3 PUFA and by-product of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosatetraenoic acid. It is a member of the n-3 PUFA and is the product of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoic acid. It is a member of the n-3 PUFA and is the product of alpha-linolenic acid metabolism.


alpha-linolenoyl-CoA

An octadecatrienoyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of alpha-linolenic acid.


α-linolenic acid

A linolenic acid with cis-double bonds at positions 9, 12 and 15. Shown to have an antithrombotic effect.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosatetraenoic acid. It is a member of the n-6 PUFA and is the product of linoleic acid metabolism.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z)-tetracosatetraenoic acid. It is a member of the n-6 PUFA and is the product of linoleic acid metabolism.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of all-cis-icosa-8,11,14-trienoic acid.


gamma-linolenoyl-CoA

An octadecatrienoyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of gamma-linolenic acid.


linoleoyl-CoA

An octadecadienoyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of linoleic acid.


linoleic acid

An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry.


The all-cis-isomer of a C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five double bonds in the 4-, 7-, 10-, 13- and 16-positions. It is a member of n-6 PUFA and a product of linoleic acid metabolism.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z,18Z)-tetracosapentaenoic acid. It is a member of the n-6 PUFA and is the product of linoleic acid metabolism.


N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine

A phosphatidylethanolamine in which the amine function has formed an amide with a fatty acid RCO2H.


The ammonium betaine of a 1-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH; major species at pH 7.3.


lysophosphatidylcholine 22:6

An acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in which the acyl group (position not specified) contains 22 carbons with 6 double bonds.


lysophosphatidylcholine 14:0

A lysophosphatidylcholine in which the remaining acyl group is specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl). If R1 is the acyl group and R2 is a hydrogen then the molecule is a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine.  If R1 is a hydrogen and R2 is the acyl group then the molecule is a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine.


1-myristoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

A 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate having myristoyl (tetradecanoyl) as the 1-O-acyl group.


A glycerophosphoglycerol in which sn-glycerol, acylated at O(1), is linked through a phospho group at O(3) to O(1) of glycerol.


A glycerophosphoglycerol in which sn-glycerol, acylated at O(2), is linked through a phospho group at O(3) to O(1) of glycerol.


An inositol phosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the free phosphate OH group of 1-(sn-glycero-3-phospho)-1D-myo-inositol; major species at pH 7.3.


A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of (13R)-hydroxy-(7Z,10Z,14E,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid group; major species at pH 7.3. It is an intermediate in 13-series resolvins biosynthesis from DPA (omega-3).


A docosanoid that is (9E,11E,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid carrying an epoxy group across positions 7 and 8 as well as a hydroxy substituent at position 17.  An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


A hydroperoxydocosapentaenoic acid that is (8E,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosapentaenooic acid carrying two hydroperoxy substituents at positions 7 and 17. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


A (7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-17-hydroperoxydocosapentaenoic acid in which the chiral centre at position 17 has S-configuration. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


A (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,19Z)-16,17-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid in which the chiral centres at positions 16 and 17 both have S-configuration. An intermediate of specialized proresolving mediators


An epoxydocosapentaenoic acid (7Z,9E,11E,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid in which the epoxy group is located at the 13,14-position. An intermediate in the specialised proresolving mediators


A hydroperoxy fatty acid that is (4Z,8E,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which the hydroperoxy group is located at position 14S. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators


A (7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-14-hydroperoxydocosapentaenoic acid in which the chiral centre at position 14 has S-configuration. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


15-oxolipoxin A4

A C20 hydroxy fatty acid having (5S)- and (6R)- -hydroxy groups as well as a 15-oxo group and (7E)- (9E)-, (11Z)- and (13E)-double bonds.


A polyunsaturated fatty acid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosa-4,7,10,13,15,19-hexaenoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at the 17R-position.


A hydroperoxy fatty acid that is (4Z,8E,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosa-4,8,10,13,15,19-hexaenoic acid carrying a hydroperoxy group at the 7S-position and a hydroxy group at the 17R-position. It is an intermediate involved in the resolvin D1 biosynthesis pathway.


A docosanoid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying a hydroperoxy substituent at position 17R.


A hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that is (4Z,9E,11E,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosa-4,9,11,13,15,19-hexaenoic acid carrying an epoxy group at position 7S and a hydroxy group at position 17R. It is a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid, and serves as a precursor to D-resolvins.


An epoxy fatty acid that is (6E,8E,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosa-6,8,10,13,15,19-hexaenoic acid which is carrying an epoxy group at position 4S and a hydroxy group at position 17R. It is a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid that can be converted to a D-resolvin.


A hydroperoxy fatty acid that is (5E,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosa-5,7,10,13,15,19-hexaenoic acid carrying a hydroperoxy group at the 4S-position and a hydroxy group at the 17R-position.


A docosanoid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying a hydroperoxy substituent at position 17S.


An epoxy fatty acid consisting of (4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,14E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid having an epoxy group located at the 16,17-position. An intermediate lipid in specialized proresolving mediators.


protectin D1

A dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that is (4Z,7Z,11E,13E,15Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 10 and 17 (the 10R,17S-stereoisomer). Protectin D1 is one of the specialised proresolving mediators. When produced in neural tissues, it is called neuroprotectin D1


A polyunsaturated fatty acid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid having an epoxy group across positions 16 and 17.


An epoxy fatty acid consisting of (4Z,7Z,9E,11E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid having an epoxy group at the 13,14-position. An intermediate lipid in specialized proresolving mediators


A docosanoid that is (14S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,9E,11E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which a glutathionyl group is attached at position 13R via a sulfide linkage.


A docosanoid that is (14S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,9E,11E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which a cysteinylglycinyl group is attached at position 13R via a sulfide linkage.


A docosanoid that is 17(R)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10,12,14,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which a cysteinylglycinyl group is attached at position 16S via a sulfide linkage. An intermediate of specialized proresolving mediators


A docosanoid that is 17(R)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10,12,14,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which a glutathionyl group is attached at position 16S via a sulfide linkage. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


A metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid that can be converted to 17(S)-RvD1 or 17(S)-RvD2


A docosanoid that is (7R,17S)-dihydroxy-(4Z,9,11,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which a glutathionyl group is attached at position 8S via a sulfide linkage. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


A docosanoid that is (4Z,8E,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying two hydroperoxy substituents at the 7S- and 17S-positions.


A docosanoid that is (7R,17S)-dihydroxy-(4Z,9,11,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which a cysteinylglycinyl group is attached at position 8S via a sulfide linkage. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


A 14-HDoHE in which the stereocentre at position 14 has S-configuration.


A 14-HDoHE in which the stereocentre at position 14 has R-configuration.


A docosanoid that is (4Z,8E,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying two hydroperoxy substituents at the 7S- and 14S-positions.


A hydroperoxy fatty acid that is (5E,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosa-5,7,10,13,15,19-hexaenoic acid carrying a hydroperoxy group at the 4S-position and a hydroxy group at the 17S-position.


A polyunsaturated fatty acid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosa-4,7,10,13,15,19-hexaenoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at the 17S-position. It is a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid in human blood and mouse brain, and serves as a precursor to 17(S)-resolvins.


A polyunsaturated fatty acid that is docosahexaenoic acid carrying a hydroperoxy substituent at 7S-position and a hydroxy substituent at the 17S-position


A metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid that can be converted to 17(S)-RvD3 or 17(S)-RvD4


resolvin D1

A resolvin that is docosa-4Z,9E,11E,13Z,15E,19Z-hexaenoic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 7, 8, and 17 positions (the 7S,8R,17S-stereoisomer).


A hydroxydocosapentaenoic acid that consists of (8E,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 7. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


A hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that consists of (4Z,8E,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid bearing an additional 7-hydroxy substituent.


A hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of 13-HDoHE arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid function; major species at pH 7.3.


A hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that consists of 4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid bearing an additional 17-hydroxy substituent.


A hydroxyicosapentaenoic acid that consists of 6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-icosapentaenoic acid with the hydroxy group located at position 5.


Delta(12)-prostaglandin J3

A member of the class of prostaglandins J that is (5Z,9Z,12E,17Z)-prostatetraenoic acid carrying hydroxy and oxo substituents at positions 11 and 15 respectively. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators and potent anti-leukemic agent.


15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J3

A prostaglandin J derivative comprising prostaglandin J3 lacking the 15-hydroxy group and having C=C double bonds at the 12- and 14-positions. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators


prostaglandin J3

A member of the class of prostaglandins J that is (5Z,9Z,13E,17Z)-prostatetraenoic acid carrying hydroxy and oxo substituents at positions 11 and 15 respectively. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators


prostaglandin H3

A member of the class of prostaglandins H that is 9,11-epidioxyprosta-5,13,17-trienoic acid carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at the 15S-position.


An icosanoid that is (6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoic acid carrying an oxo substituent at position 5. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


A hydroperoxydocosapentaenoic acid that is (7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid carrying a hydroperoxy substituent at position 17. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


Vitamin E

An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.


L-beta-isoaspartate residue

An anionic amino-acid residue formed following deamidation of L-asparagine or dehydration of L-aspartate residue.


NMDA

An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration.


L-methionine (R)-S-oxide

The (R)-oxido diastereomer of L-methionine S-oxide.


L-methionine (S)-S-oxide

The (S)-oxido diastereomer of L-methionine S-oxide.


geranylgeranyl diphosphate

The all-trans-isomer of geranylgeranyl diphosphate.


name: (ethanolamineP) mannose (a1-2) (ethanolamineP) mannose (a1-6) (ethanolamineP) mannose (a1-4) glucosaminyl-acyl-PI

description: Is a glycan


An inositol compound having an alpha-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-mannosyl-(1->6)-alpha-2-(2-aminoethylphosphoryl)mannosyl-alpha-glucosaminyl moiety at the 6-position, a phosphatidyl substituent at the 1-position and an undefined acyl substituent in an unspecified position.


An inositol compound having an alpha-mannosyl-(1->6)-alpha-2-(2-aminoethylphosphoryl)mannosyl-alpha-glucosaminyl group at the 6-position, a phosphatidyl group at the 1-position and an undefined acyl substituent at an unspecified position.


A 6-O-[alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosaminyl]-1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol compound having an undefined acyl substituent in an unspecified position on the inositol ring.


acylglucosaminylphosphatidylinositol

An inositol compound having acylglucosaminyl and phosphatidyl substituents on its hydroxy groups.


Zwitterionic form of a 6-(alpha-D-glucosaminyl)-1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH.


The conjugate base of a 6-(N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl)-1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol compound.


L-threonylcarbamoyladenylate

A threonine derivative that is L-threonine in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by and adenyloxycarbonyl group


pyruvate

A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.


An oxo dicarboxylate obtained by deprotonation of both carboxy groups of 2-oxoglutaric acid.


A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from hydrogen sulfide.


cystathionine

A modified amino acid generated by enzymic means from homocysteine and serine.


O-acetyl-L-serine

An acetyl-L-serine where the acetyl group is attached to the side-chain oxygen. It is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of the amino acid cysteine in bacteria.


A 2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucoside having an inosityl group attached at the 1-position.


A 1D-myo-inositol monophosphate derivative having the phosphate group at the 3-position and an N-acetyl alpha-D-glucosaminyl residue attached at the 1-position.


A 2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucoside having an L-cysteinylamino group at the 2-position and an inosityl group attached at the 1-position.


formalin

An aldehyde resulting from the formal oxidation of methanol.


A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 3-dehydroshikimic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.


SHIKIMIC ACID

A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5 (the 3R,4S,5R stereoisomer). It is an intermediate metabolite in plants and microorganisms.


A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is obtained by removal of a proton from the carboxylic acid group of 3-dehydroquinic acid.


An organophosphate oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the carboxy and phosphate OH groups of 7-phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptonic acid; major species at pH 7.3.


The conjugate base of 5-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-3-phosphoshikimic acid. It is an intermediate in the shikimate pathway.


glucanotrehalose

A modified linear (1->4)-alpha-D-glucan


phthiocerol A

A lipid-based glycol consisting of (3S,4R)-3-methoxy-4-methylnonacosane having (9R)- and (11S)-hydroxy substituents; a characteristic constituent of the waxes of tubercule bacilli.


phthiocerol dimycocerosate

A phthiocerol dimycocerosate (DIM) is a phthiocerol based lipid where the two hydroxyl groups are esterified with a mycocerosic acid (ChEBI:143082).


long-chain fatty acyl-AMP

A fatty acyl-AMP that results from the formal condensation of the phosphoryl group of AMP with the carboxyl group of any long-chain fatty acid.


(S)-methylmalonyl-CoA

The (S)-enantiomer of methylmalonyl-CoA.


A 26-hydroxycholesterol in which the 25-position has R-configuration.


dihydrosphingosine

A 2-aminooctadecane-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.


A 2-amino-1-hydroxyoctadecan-3-one that has S-configuration.


The heptaanion of a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate; major species at pH 7.3.


OAADPR

A nucleotide-sugar having ADP as the nucleotide fragment and 2-O-acetyl-D-ribofuranos-5-yl as the sugar component.


A nucleoside 5'-diphosphate(3-) arising from deprotonation of the diphosphate OH groups of uridine 5'-diphosphate (UDP); major species at pH 7.3.


1-hexadecyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

A 1-alkyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate in which the 1-alkyl group is specified as hexadecyl.


acetate

A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of acetic acid.


D-fructose

The open-chain form of D-fructose.


alpha-D-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate

A D-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate in which both phosphate groups are monophosphates.


S-substituted glutathione(1-)

A peptide anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy groups and concomitant protonation of the amino group of any S-substituted glutathione. Major structure at pH 7.3


ammonia

An azane that consists of a single nitrogen atom covelently bonded to three hydrogen atoms.


LEUKOTRIEN E4

A leukotriene that is (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5 (5S) and an L-cystein-S-yl group at position 6 (6R).


glucose

D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.


A nucleoside 5'-diphosphate(3-) arising from deprotonation of all three diphosphate OH groups of adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP); major species present at pH 7.3.


A myo-inositol pentakisphosphate comprising 1D-myo-inositol having the five phosphate groups placed in the 1-' 2-' 4-, 5- and 6-positions.


An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of all but one of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of 1,5-bis(diphospho)-1D-myo-inositol 2,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).


hexadecanoate

A long-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid); major species at pH 7.3.


nitrate

A nitrogen oxoanion formed by loss of a proton from nitric acid. Principal species present at pH 7.3.


dimethylamine

A secondary aliphatic amine where both N-substituents are methyl.


iron(III) oxide-hydroxide(1-)

The inorganic anion obtained by deprotonation of iron(III) oxide-hydroxide; major species at pH 7.3.


PHOSPHOCHOLINE

The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family.


dihydrotestosterone

A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5.


METHYL ALCOHOL

The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.


The conjugate base of a 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol; major species at pH 7.3.


ditiocarb

A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.


A hydroxyaldehyde consisting of phenylacetaldehyde having three hydroxy substituents located at the alpha-, 3- and 4-positions. It is a metabolite of noradrenaline.


2'-deoxyinosine 5'-phosphate(2-)

A 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate(2-) obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of 2'-deoxyinosine 5'-monophosphate; major species at pH 7.3.


A purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having adenine as the nucleobase.


2-deoxy-D-ribofuranose 5-phosphate(2-)

An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-monophosphate; major microspecies at pH 7.3.


OXALIC ACID

An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2.


An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of 2-oxo-AMP.


An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the diphosphate OH groups of 8-oxo-dAMP.


An organophosphate oxoanion that is the dianion of 2'-deoxy-2-hydroxyadenosine 5'-monophosphate arising from deprotonation of both OH groups of the phosphate.


ACETYLGLUTAMIC ACID

An N-acyl-L-amino acid that is L-glutamic acid in which one of the amine hydrogens is substituted by an acetyl group.


Major microspecies at pH 7.3


hydrogenphosphate

A phosphate ion that is the conjugate base of dihydrogenphosphate.


A nucleoside 5'-diphosphate(3-) obtained by deprotonation of the three diphosphate OH groups of guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GMP); major species at pH 7.3.


nucleoside 5'-monophosphate(2-)

The dianion of a nucleoside monophosphate: major species at pH 7.3.


An organophosphate oxoanion resulting from the removal of two protons from the phosphate group of 8-oxo-dGMP.


A deoxyinosine phosphate that is 5'-inosinic acid in which the hydroxy group at position 2' by a hydrogen atom.


THYMIDINE MONOPHOSPHATE

The neutral species of thymidine 5'-monophosphate (2'-deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate).


An organophosphate oxoanion formed by deprotonation of the diphosphate OH groups of any 2'-deoxynucleoside 5'-diphosphate.


CDP

A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase.


adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate(5-)

An organophosphate oxoanion that is the pentaanionic form of adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate.


5-iododeoxycytidine monophosphate

A 2'-deoxycytidine phosphate that is 2'-deoxycytidine-5'-monophosphate in which the hydrogen at position 5 on the cytosine ring is replaced by iodine.


methylammonium

The conjugate acid of methylamine; major species at pH 7.3.


pseudouridine

A C-glycosyl pyrimidine that consists of uracil having a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue attached at position 5. The C-glycosyl isomer of the nucleoside uridine.


A 3beta-sterol formed formally by loss of a methyl group from the 14-position of lanosterol.


calcitroic acid

A hydroxycalciol that is calcidiol in which the pro-S hydrogen of calcidiol is replaced by a hydroxy group and the C-23/C-27 unit is replaced by a carboxy group.


presqualene monophosphate

A triterpenyl phosphate that is presqualene in which the hydroxy hydrogen has been replaced by a monophosphate group.


A 3beta-sterol formed from lanosterol by reduction across the C-24-C-25 double bond.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->4)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group derived from 3-O-sulfo-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosamine


L-FUCOSE

The pyranose form of L-fucose.


An N(4)-glycosylated asparagine residue in which the glycan moiety is a branched heptasaccharide consisting of three D-mannosyl residues and four N-acetylglucosamine residues, one of which at the reducing end is bonded to the asparagine N(4) atom.


An N-glycan residue involved in post-translational modification of proteins.


A sialosyl group derived from the disaccharide alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->8)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminic acid.


A galactosyl group derived from the disaccharide alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->6)-D-galactose.


A galactosyl group derived from the disaccharide alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-D-galactose. Implied reactive epitope within gangliosides LM1, GD1a and GT1b.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which a sialic acid residue (Neu5Ac) is linked alpha(2->6) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


A cationic sphingoid that is the conjugate acid of phytosphingosine, obtained by protonation of the primary amino function; major species at pH 7.3.


sphinganine 1-phosphate

The anion resulting from the addition of a proton to the amino group and the removal of the two acidic protons from the phosphate group of sphinganine 1-phosphate.


The cationic sphingoid resulting from the protonation of the amino group of sphingosine.


sphingomyelin

Any of a class of phospholipids in which the amino group of a sphingoid base is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxy group of the sphingoid base is esterified to phosphorylcholine.


An N-acylsphinganine-1-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the N-acyl group is specified as hexadecanoyl.


(2R)-2-hydroxy fatty acid anion

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of any (R)-2-hydroxy fatty acid.


choline phosphate(1-)

The organophosphate oxoanion formed from choline by removal of two protons from the phosphate group. Major species at pH 7.3.


D-galactose

D-Galactopyranose having alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre.


N-acetyl-D-galactosamine

The D-enantiomer of N-acetylgalactosamine.


A glycotetraosylceramide having N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl  component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base.


A glycotriaosylceramide having N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the glycotriaosyl component.


An anionic ganglioside obtained by deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy groups of alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->6)]-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1')-Cer; major species at pH 7.3.


(18S)-resolvin E2

A member of the class of resolvins that is (6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-icosapentaenoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 5 and 18 (the 5S,18S stereoisomer).


resolvin E3

A member of the class of resolvins that is (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,15E)-icosapentaenoic acid which is substituted at positions 17 and 18 by hydroxy groups (the 17,18S stereoisomer).


(18R)-resolvin E3

A member of the class of resolvins that is (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,15E)-icosapentaenoic acid which is substituted at positions 17 and 18 by hydroxy groups (the 17,18R) stereoisomer).


resolvin E1

A resolvin that is (6Z,8E,10E,14Z,16E)-icosa-6,8,10,14,16-pentaenoic acid which is substituted at positions 5, 12 and 18 by hydroxy groups (the 5S,12R,18R stereoisomer).


resolvin E2

A member of the class of resolvins that is (6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E)-icosapentaenoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 5 and 18 (the 5S,18R stereoisomer).


aldehydo-L-iduronate

An iduronate that is the conjugate base of aldehydo-L-iduronic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


A linear heptasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of two N-acetylgalactosamine residues, two glucuronic acid residues and two galactosyl residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end.


An amino pentasaccharide comprising an N-acetylated galactosamine residue, sulfated on O-4, a glucuronic acid residue and two galactose residues, linked to a xylose residue at the reducing end. It is an intermediate in the chondroitin sulfate degradation pathway.


(R)-lactate

An optically active form of lactate having (R)-configuration.


A nucleotide-sugar oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the diphosphate OH groups of 2''-O-acetyl-ADP-D-ribose; major species at pH 7.3.


A trivalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of all three protons from diphosphoric acid.


formate

A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of formic acid. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects.


A 3-enoyl-CoA in which the beta C=C double bond has trans stereochemistry.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of trans-oct-2-enoic acid.


Propionyl-Carnitine

An O-acylcarnitine compound having propanoyl as the acyl substituent.


An O-acylcarnitine compound having 4,8-dimethylnonanoyl as the acyl substituent.


2-oxohexadecanoic acid

An oxo fatty acid that is the 2-oxo derivative of hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid.


taurine

An amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid. It is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from  methionine and cysteine metabolism. An abundant component of fish- and meat-based foods, it has been used as an oral supplement in the treatment of disorders such as cystic fibrosis and hypertension.


2-oxobutanoic acid

A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-oxo derivative of butanoic acid.


A primary alcohol that is the S-methyl derivative of mercaptoethanol. It is found as a volatile component in Cucumis melo Var. cantalupensis.


A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.


very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA(4-)

A fatty acyl-CoA(4-) arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of any very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


A 3-oxo-fatty acyl-CoA arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate functions of 3-oxodocosanoyl-CoA; principal microspecies at pH 7.3.


2,3-trans-enoyl CoA(4-)

An acyl-CoA(4-) oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of any 2,3-trans-enoyl CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


A 3-hydroxy fatty acyl-CoA(4-) arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate groups of 3-hydroxyoctadecanoyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


A 3-oxo-fatty acyl-CoA(4-) obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-3-oxodocosatetraenoyl-CoA.


An O-(S-acylpantetheine-4'-phosphoryl)serine(1-) residue obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH group of any O-[S-(3R)-3-hydroxyacylpantetheine-4'-phosphoryl]serine residue; major species at pH 7.3.


An octadecenoyl-CoA(4-) arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate functions of oleoyl-CoA.


A 5'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having adenosine as the nucleobase.


medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA

A fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any medium-chain fatty acid.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of 2-docosenoic acid. The product of dehydrogenation of behenoyl-CoA


A 2-methylpentadecenoyl-CoA in which the double bond is located at position 2 (geochemistry not specified).


3-oxo-fatty acyl-CoA

An oxo fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any 3-oxo-fatty acid..


3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvic acid

A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is pyruvic acid substituted by a 1H-indol-3-yl group at position 3. It has been found in Lycopersicon esculentum


keto-phenylpyruvate

A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from deprotonation of the carboxy group of keto-phenylpyruvic acid.


coproporphyrinogen I(4-)

The cyclic tetrapyrrole anion formed by loss of a proton from each of the four carboxy groups of coproporphyrinogen I.


hydrogen donor

A molecular entity that can undergo oxidation by the loss of hydrogen atom(s).


A doubly-charged N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion resulting from deprotonation of both carboxy groups of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid.


ANSERINE

A dipeptide comprising of beta-alanine and 3-methyl-L-histidine units.


N-METHYLHISTAMINE

A primary amino compound that is the N(tele)-methyl derivative of histamine.


(2E,4Z)-2-aminomuconic acid

A 2-aminomuconic acid in which the two double bonds adopt a 2E,4Z-configuration.


An organophosphate oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of NMNH; major species at pH 7.3.


A generic representative product of ADP ribosylation of proteins


A pyridinium ion comprising nicotinamide having a methyl group at the 1-position. It is a metabolite of nicotinamide which was initially considered to be biologically inactive but has emerged as an anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory agent.


A glycal derivative that is 1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-D-arabino-hex-1-enitol substituted by an acetylamino group at position 2.


trimethylselenonium

An organic cation consisting of three methyl groups covalently bound to a central selenium atom.


An amino tetrasaccharide consisting of N-acetylglucosamine having a fucosyl residue attached at the 4-position via a beta-linkage and alpha-fucosyl-(1->2)-galactosyl residues attached at the 3-position, also via a beta-linkage.


Lewis Y antigen

One of the blood groups of the Lewis antigen system


A branched amino tetrasaccharide consisting of a sialyl residue, linked (2->3) to a galactosyl residue that in turn is linked (1->4) to a glucosaminyl residue, which is also carrying a fucosyl residue at the 3-position.