substance P catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the neuropeptide substance P.


translocation of DNA into host

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The directed movement of DNA from an organism to a location inside its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: negative regulation of dopamine receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of dopamine receptor protein signaling pathway activity. A dopamine receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


steroid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus; includes de novo formation and steroid interconversion by modification.


response to tumor necrosis factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tumor necrosis factor stimulus.


membrane fission

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the separation of a single continuous membrane into two membranes.


name: establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion

description: The directed movement of a protein to the mitochondrion or a part of the mitochondrion.


name: aromatic primary alcohol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic primary alcohol.


name: regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis.


name: heteroduplex formation involved in double-strand break repair via synthesis-dependent strand annealing

description: The formation of a stable duplex DNA that contains one strand from each of the two recombining DNA molecules resulting in the error-free repair of a double-strand break without the exchange of adjacent sequences.


name: protein S-linked glycosylation via cysteine

description: The glycosylation of protein via the sulfur atom of peptidyl-cysteine, forming S-glycosyl-L-cysteine.


protein de-ADP-ribosylation

description: The process of removing one or more ADP-ribose residues from a protein.


name: regulation of N',N'',N'''-triacetylfusarinine C biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of N',N'',N'''-triacetylfusarinine C biosynthetic process.


biological phase

description: A distinct period or stage in a biological process or cycle.


terpenoid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving terpenoids, any member of a class of compounds characterized by an isoprenoid chemical structure and including derivatives with various functional groups.


name: [cytochrome c]-lysine N-methyltransferase activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + cytochrome c L-lysine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + cytochrome c N6-methyl-L-lysine. This is the addition of a methyl group to the N6 atom of a lysine residue in cytochrome c.


equilibrioception

description: The series of events required for an organism to receive an orientational stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Equilibrioception refers to a combination of processes by which an organism can perceive its orientation with respect to gravity. In animals, stimuli come from labyrinth system of the inner ears, monitoring the direction of motion; visual stimuli, with information on orientation and motion; pressure receptors, which tell the organism which body surfaces are in contact with the ground; and proprioceptive cues, which report which parts of the body are in motion.


p-cresol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of p-cresol.


tricarboxylic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dicarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing three carboxyl (-COOH) groups.


name: negative regulation by host of viral transcription

description: Any process in which a host organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral transcription.


cellular response to aldehyde

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an aldehyde stimulus.


name: entry of viral genome into host nucleus via docking of viral capsid to the nuclear pore complex and injection of viral genome

description: Viral penetration into the host nucleus where the where a viral capsid docks on the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and ejects the viral genome through the pore into the nucleoplasm.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + N-terminal L-glutamate in peptide = CoA + N-acetyl-L-glutamate-peptide.


name: sulfate assimilation via adenylyl sulfate reduction

description: The pathway by which inorganic sulfate is activated, reduced and incorporated into sulfated compounds, where the activated sulfate, adenylyl-sulfate, is reduced to sulfite by the activity of adenylyl-sulfate reductase.


primary miRNA binding

description: Binding to a primary microRNA (pri-miRNA) transcript, an RNA molecule that is processed into a short hairpin-shaped structure called a pre-miRNA and finally into a functional miRNA. Both double-stranded and single-stranded regions of a pri-miRNA are required for binding.


name: positive regulation of natural killer cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell death by apoptotic process.


coenzyme gamma-F420-2 metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzyme gamma-F420-2 (F420-2; coenzyme F420; N-{N-[O-(7,8-didemethyl-8-hydroxy-5-deazariboflavin phospho)-(S)-lactyl]-gamma-L-glutamyl}-L-glutamate), the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxylic acid group of F420-0 with the amino group of L-gamma-glutamyl-L-glutamic acid.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-D-galacturonate, a substance composed of galacturonic acid in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


interleukin-15 receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-15 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing C5-methyluridine.


name: exit of virus from host cell nucleus via nuclear envelope disassembly

description: The directed movement of the viral genome or a viral particle out of the host cell nucleus that involves disruption of the nuclear membrane envelope by the virus.


nucleobase biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleobase, a nitrogenous base that is a constituent of a nucleic acid.


CCL2-activated CCR4 signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the C-C chemokine CCL2 to a C-C chemokine type 4 receptor (CCR4) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose 6-phosphate, also known as F6P. The D-enantiomer is an important intermediate in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and fructose metabolism.


alpha-zeacarotene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving alpha-zeacarotene.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing N2-methylguanine.


siRNA catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of small interfering RNA transcripts (siRNAs).


name: corticosteroid receptor signaling pathway

description: A nuclear receptor-mediated signaling pathway initiated by a corticosteroid binding to an intracellular receptor of the nuclear receptor protein family, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


Golgi organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the Golgi apparatus.


type II hypersensitivity

description: An inflammatory response resulting in cell death or dysfunction mediated by activation of the classical complement pathway or induction of effector cell phagocytosis, cytolysis mechanisms via complement or Fc receptors following the binding of antibodies to cell surface antigens on a target cell, or mediated by the direct binding of antibody to cellular receptors.


name: double-strand break repair via classical nonhomologous end joining

description: An instance of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining that requires a number of factors important for V(D)J recombination, including the KU70/80 heterodimer (KU), XRCC4, ligase IV, and DNA-PKcs in mammals. It does not produce translocations (as opposed to the alternative nonhomologous end joining).


name: anaerobic phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring, in the absence of oxygen.


sperm displacement

description: The physical displacement of sperm stored from previous mating encounters.


RNA stem-loop binding

description: Binding to a stem-loop in an RNA molecule. An RNA stem-loop is a secondary RNA structure consisting of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) stem and a terminal loop.


name: single-species biofilm formation in or on host organism

description: A process in which microorganisms of the same species attach to and grow in or on a host species, and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate attachment and matrix formation, resulting in a change in the microorganisms' growth rate and gene transcription. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in ureteric bud formation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in ureteric bud formation.


name: ergosteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ergosteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside.


name: cytochrome c-heme linkage via heme-bis-L-cysteine

description: The linkage of cytochromes and other heme proteins to heme via heme-bis-L-cysteine.


sperm ejaculation

description: The expulsion of seminal fluid, thick white fluid containing spermatozoa, from the male genital tract.


mitochondrial inner membrane fusion

description: The membrane organization process that joins two mitochondrial inner membranes to form a single membrane.


name: signal transduction involved in filamentous growth

description: Relaying of environmental signals promoting filamentous growth.


heme B biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme B, a Fe(II) porphyrin complex readily isolated from the hemoglobin of beef blood, but also found in other proteins including other hemoglobins, myoglobins, cytochromes P-450, catalases, peroxidases as well as b type cytochromes.


antifungal peptide biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an antifungal peptide.


XTP diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: XTP + H2O = XMP + H+ + diphosphate.


name: symbiont-mediated cAMP intoxication of host cell

description: The production by a symbiont of high levels of cyclic AMP in a host cell, impairing host cellular functions in multiple ways, including ATP depletion, interference with host intracellular signaling, cytoskeletal defects and apoptosis-related cell death. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: metal incorporation into metallo-molybdopterin complex

description: The incorporation of a metal into a metallo-molybdopterin complex.


name: negative regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity in another organism

description: Any process in which an organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a high voltage-gated calcium channel in another organism. A high voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on high voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


peptidyl-serine decanoylation

description: The decanoylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O3-decanoyl-L-serine, typical of the protein ghrelin.


sporopollenin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sporopollenin, a primary constituent of the pollen exine layer.


name: RNA-protein covalent cross-linking via peptidyl-tyrosine

description: The formation of a covalent cross-link between RNA and a peptidyl-tyrosine residue by the formation of O4'-(phospho-5'-RNA)-L-tyrosine.


name: positive regulation of glial cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of glial cell apoptotic process.


name: anterior lateral line neuromast deposition

description: The process in which a migrating neuromast primordium deposits clusters of undifferentiated cells (proneuromasts) along its migratory path in the developing anterior lateral line.


amyloplast organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an amyloplast. An amyloplast is a plastid whose main function is to synthesize and store starch.


Langerhans cell chemotaxis

description: The movement of a Langerhans cell in response to an external stimulus.


name: melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of melanin from other compounds, including tyrosine.


name: smoothened signaling pathway involved in dorsal/ventral neural tube patterning

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened contributing to the dorsal/ventral pattern of the neural tube.


name: negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage.


cellular response to ecdysone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ecdysone stimulus.


somatostatin receptor activity

description: Combining with somatostatin to initiate a change in cell activity. Somatostatin is a peptide hormone that regulates the endocrine system by signaling via G protein-coupled somatostatin receptors. Somatostatin has two active forms produced by proteolytic cleavage: a 14 amino acid peptide (SST-14) and a 28 amino acid peptide (SST-28).


virion attachment to host cell pilus

description: The process by which a virion attaches to a host cell by binding to a pilus on the host cell surface. Pili are retractile filaments that protrude from gram-negative bacteria. Filamentous viruses can attach to the pilus tip, whereas icosahedral viruses can attach to the pilus side.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host exit from mitosis

description: A process in which a virus interferes with the host cell completing the M phase of the cell cycle.


name: RNA splicing, via endonucleolytic cleavage and ligation

description: Splicing of RNA via recognition of the folded RNA structure that brings the 5' and 3' splice sites into proximity and cleavage of the RNA at both the 3' and 5' splice sites by an endonucleolytic mechanism, followed by ligation of the exons.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: CDP-diacylglycerol + H2O = a phosphatidate + CMP + 2 H+.


cellular response to endothelin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an endothelin stimulus. Endothelin is any of three secretory vasoconstrictive peptides (endothelin-1, -2, -3).


name: inorganic diphosphate phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + H2O = H+ + 2 phosphate.


name: DNA strand elongation involved in cell cycle DNA replication

description: Any DNA strand elongation that is involved in cell cycle DNA replication.


name: establishment of protein localization to membrane

description: The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in a membrane.


peptidyl-aspartic acid modification

description: The modification of peptidyl-aspartic acid.


name: phagosome maturation involved in apoptotic cell clearance

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the arrangement of constituent parts of a phagosome within a cell and contributes to apoptotic cell clearance. Phagosome maturation begins with endocytosis and formation of the early phagosome and ends with the formation of the hybrid organelle, the phagolysosome.


isocitrate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving isocitrate, the anion of isocitric acid, 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid. Isocitrate is an important intermediate in the TCA cycle and the glycoxylate cycle.


name: regulation of nitrosative stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to nitrosative stress.


cellular response to osmotic stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell.


name: effector-mediated perturbation of host innate immune response by symbiont

description: A process mediated by a molecule secreted by a symbiont that results in the modulation (either activation or suppression) of a host innate immune response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


S-methylmethionine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving S-methyl-methionine (SMM). SMM can be converted to methionine by donating a methyl group to homocysteine, and concurrent operation of this reaction and that mediated by MMT sets up the SMM cycle.


name: negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator.


cytoplasm protein quality control

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of misfolded proteins in the cytoplasm, which are either targeted to cytoplasmic proteasomes for degradation or protected by chaperones to shield thermosensitive proteins from degradation until conditions allow disaggregation and refolding.


hydrogen biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of H2 (dihydrogen).


name: diacylglycerol-dependent serine/threonine kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. This reaction requires diacylglycerol.


acyl-CoA biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acyl-CoA, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with an acyl group.


chorismate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving chorismate, the anion of (3R-trans)-3-((1-carboxyethenyl)oxy)-4-hydroxy-1,5-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylic acid.


O antigen biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the O side chain of a lipopolysaccharide, which determines the antigenic specificity of the organism. It is made up of about 50 repeating units of a branched tetrasaccharide.


description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate(out) + H+(out) = 2-keto-3-deoxygluconate(in) + H+(in).


de novo centriole assembly

description: Centriole assembly in which a centriole arises de novo, rather than by replication from an existing centriole. This process may occur via different mechanisms. Examples include the deuterosome pathway in multicilated epithelial animal cells and formation of centrioles during parthenogenesis in some insects.


Wnt receptor activity

description: Combining with a Wnt protein and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.


benzene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of benzene.


name: positive regulation of cell cycle process

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a cellular process that is involved in the progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events.


name: negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.


chromosome condensation

description: The progressive compaction of dispersed interphase chromatin into threadlike chromosomes prior to mitotic or meiotic nuclear division, or during apoptosis, in eukaryotic cells.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine.


name: W-molybdopterin cofactor catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the W-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear tungsten ion (W) coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.


cellular response to L-glutamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-glutamine stimulus.


carotenoid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carotenoids, tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail.


name: negative regulation of semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway.


polyprenyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of multiple prenyl groups from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


L-arabitol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-arabitol, the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group.


voluntary skeletal muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within voluntary skeletal muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. In the voluntary skeletal muscle, the muscle contraction takes advantage of an ordered sarcomeric structure and it is under voluntary control. Voluntary skeletal muscle is skeletal muscle that is under conscious control.


ADP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ADP, adenosine 5'-diphosphate.


name: symbiont-mediated activation of host inflammasome-mediated signal transduction

description: A process in which a symbiont subverts an inflammasome-mediated signal transduction pathway in the host organism by initiating, promoting, or enhancing its activation. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: negative regulation of sinapate ester biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of sinapate ester biosynthesis.


name: regulation of demethylkotanin biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of demethylkotanin biosynthetic process.


muscle system process

description: A organ system process carried out at the level of a muscle. Muscle tissue is composed of contractile cells or fibers.


name: proline:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: proline(out) + Na+(out) = proline(in) + Na+(in).


dITP diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dITP + H2O = dIMP + H+ + diphosphate.


name: cellular response to jasmonic acid stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a jasmonic acid stimulus.


thyroid hormone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of the compounds secreted by the thyroid gland, largely thyroxine and triiodothyronine.


cellular response to camptothecin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a camptothecin stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: polyprenyl phosphate + UDP-D-glucose = polyprenylphosphate-glucose + UDP.


thiol S-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a thiol = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a thioether.


name: NAD-dependent histone H3K14 deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H3 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 14) + H2O = histone H3 L-lysine (position 14) + acetate. This reaction requires the presence of NAD, and represents the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 14 of the histone H3 protein.


cellular response to ergosterol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ergosterol stimulus.


PEP carboxykinase C4 photosynthesis

description: The process of C4 photosynthesis, as it occurs in plants in which the enzyme decarboxylating C4 acids in the bundle sheath is phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK).


cellular response to formaldehyde

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a formaldehyde stimulus.


name: sphingolipid biosynthesis involved in endoplasmic reticulum membrane organization

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sphingolipids that contributes to endoplasmic reticulum membrane organization.


name: negative regulation of heme biosynthetic process

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme.


name: platelet-derived growth factor receptor activity

description: Combining with platelet-derived growth factor receptor ligand and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.


cellular response to amine stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amine stimulus. An amine is a compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups.


name: iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-serinyl tetrairon tetrasulfide

description: The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tris-L-cysteinyl-L-serinyl tetrairon tetrasulfide.


name: positive regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell extravasation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell extravasation.


name: organellar voltage-gated chloride channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a voltage-gated channel. The membrane is an organellar membrane.


sperm incapacitation

description: The process in which the use of stored sperm from the first-mating male is inhibited by the seminal fluid of subsequently mating males.


name: amyloid precursor protein metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor of amyloid-beta, a glycoprotein associated with Alzheimer's disease.


name: traversing start control point of mitotic cell cycle

description: A cell cycle process by which a cell commits to entering S phase via a positive feedback mechanism between the regulation of transcription and G1 CDK activity.


quinolinate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of quinolinate, the anion of quinolinic acid, also known as 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid.


bioluminescence

description: The production of light by certain enzyme-catalyzed reactions in cells.


positive regulation of neurogenesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the generation of cells within the nervous system.


name: 'de novo' GDP-L-fucose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GDP-L-fucose from GDP-D-mannose via GDP-4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-mannose, requiring the functions of GDP-mannose 4,6-dehydratase (EC:4.2.1.47) and GDP-L-fucose synthase (EC:1.1.1.271).


name: positive regulation of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway.


cellular response to lipoteichoic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoteichoic acid stimulus; lipoteichoic acid is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor.


name: SREBP-SCAP complex retention in endoplasmic reticulum

description: Any process in which the SREBP-SCAP complex is maintained in the endoplasmic reticulum and prevented from moving elsewhere. The SREBP-SCAP complex is formed by the association of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) and SREBP-cleavage-activating protein (SCAP). In the absence of sterols, the SREBP-SCAP complex is packaged into COPII vesicles and travels to the Golgi apparatus to be processed. In the presence of sterols, the complex binds ER-resident proteins such as INSIG, which retain the complex in the ER.


glucuronosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucuronate + acceptor = UDP + acceptor beta-D-glucuronoside.


name: symbiont-mediated disruption of host mucosa

description: The disruption of the host mucosa by a symbiont, leading to damage or temporary subversion of that tissue. The mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body of an organism and covers the surface of internal organs.


carbon fixation

description: A metabolic process in which carbon (usually derived from carbon dioxide) is incorporated into organic compounds (usually carbohydrates).


actin cortical patch assembly

description: Assembly of an actin cortical patch, a discrete actin-containing structure found at the plasma membrane of fungal cells.


name: negative regulation of erythrocyte aggregation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of erythrocyte aggregation.


name: positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis by VEGF-activated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to its receptor on the surface of a cell, which activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell chemotaxis.


name: positive regulation of C-C chemokine receptor CCR7 signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of C-C chemokine receptor CCR7 signaling pathway.


FAD metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving FAD, the oxidized form of flavin adenine dinucleotide.


peptidyl-tyrosine dehydrogenation

description: The oxidation of the C alpha-C beta bond of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-dehydrotyrosine coupled with cyclization of neighboring residues.


name: IRES-dependent translational initiation of linear mRNA

description: The process where translation initiation recruits the 40S ribosomal subunits via an internal ribosome entry segment (IRES) before an AUG codon is encountered in an appropriate sequence context to initiate linear mRNA translation.


name: trans-activation response element binding

description: Binding to a trans-activation response (TAR) element, a hairpin RNA structure located at the 5' end of all HIV-1 transcripts, and which is required for trans-activation of a viral promoter.


negative regulation of coagulation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of coagulation.


telomeric loop disassembly

description: The telomere maintenance process in which telomeric loops are disassembled to permit efficient telomere replication.


snoRNA guided rRNA 2'-O-methylation

description: The posttranscriptional addition of methyl groups to the 2'-oxygen atom of nucleotide residues in an rRNA molecule during ribosome biogenesis using a snoRNA guide that targets the position of methylation.


name: protein localization to actin filament bundle

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, the location of an actin filament bundle.


name: histone H3K56 acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H3 L-lysine (position 56) = CoA + histone H3 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 56).


helicase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix.


rRNA primary transcript binding

description: Binding to an unprocessed ribosomal RNA transcript.


ferrichrome biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ferrichrome. Ferrichromes are any of a group of growth-promoting Fe(III) chelates formed by various genera of microfungi. They are homodetic cyclic hexapeptides made up of a tripeptide of glycine (or other small neutral amino acids) and a tripeptide of an N'acyl-N4-hydroxy-L-ornithine.


name: negative regulation of mononuclear cell migration

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of mononuclear cell migration. Mononuclear cell migration is the movement of a mononuclear cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


mitochondrial fission

description: The division of a mitochondrion within a cell to form two or more separate mitochondrial compartments.


regulatory T cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a regulatory T cell.


aspartate transamidation

description: The exchange of the amino group of aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, for another amino group.


name: selenium-containing prosthetic group metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a prosthetic group that contains selenium, as in the selenium-dependent molybdenum hydroxylases. The selenium atom in the prosthetic group is required for enzymatic function but is labile to a variety of treatments.


cyanogenic glycoside metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanogenic glycosides, any glycoside containing a cyano group that is released as hydrocyanic acid on acid hydrolysis; such compounds occur in the kernels of various fruits.


flavonoid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of flavonoids, a group of phenolic derivatives containing a flavan skeleton.


lutein biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lutein.


name: ethanol-acetate fermentation to butyrate and caproate

description: The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ethanol and acetate to butyrate and caproate, yielding energy in the form of ATP.


name: lysine biosynthetic process via alpha-aminoadipate and saccharopine

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine via the intermediates alpha-aminoadipic acid and saccharopine. This pathway is used by yeast and fungi to synthesize the essential amino acid L-lysine, and pathway intermediates are often incorporated into secondary metabolic processes. The pathway proceeds as follows: alpha-ketoglutarate is converted to homocitrate, which is metabolized to 3-carboxyhex-2-enedioate and then homoisocitrate. This is then decarboxylated to form alpha-ketoadipate, which is then converted to alpha-aminoadipate. This is then reduced to form alpha-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde, which is metabolized to saccharopine and finally L-lysine.


protein propionyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: propionyl-CoA + lysine in peptide = CoA + N-propionyl-lysine-peptide.


sterol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.


vitamin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body.


intracellular signal transduction

description: The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell.


name: amide transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of an amide, any compound containing one, two, or three acyl groups attached to a nitrogen atom, from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: asparagine catabolic process via L-aspartate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamate, via the intermediate L-aspartate.


name: N-terminal protein amino acid glucuronylation

description: The glucuronylation of the N-terminal amino acid of proteins.


name: embryonic process involved in female pregnancy

description: A reproductive process occurring in the embryo or fetus that allows the embryo or fetus to develop within the mother.


name: regulation of olefin biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of olefin biosynthetic process.


name: histone H3K37 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H3 L-lysine (position 37) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 37). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the lysine residue at position 37 of the histone H3 protein.


vitelline membrane formation

description: Construction of the vitelline membrane portion of the egg shell, a rigid structure required to maintain the shape of the egg.


name: negative regulation of oospore formation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oospore formation, a process in which male and female gametangia develop and fuse to form a thick-walled resting spore of oomycetes.


lipoprotein amino acid oxidation

description: The modification of a lipoprotein by oxidation of one or more amino acids in the protein.


name: multivesicular body fusion to apical plasma membrane

description: The fusion of the membrane of a multivesicular body with the apical plasma membrane, resulting in release of exosomes from the cell.


name: ABC-type peptide antigen transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: peptide antigen(in) + ATP = peptide antigen(out) + ADP + phosphate.


regulation of cellular extravasation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cellular extravasation.


cellular response to methylglyoxal

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methylglyoxal stimulus. Methylglyoxal is a 2-oxoaldehyde derived from propanal.


name: negative regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.


name: establishment of protein localization to spindle pole body

description: The directed movement of a protein to a specific location at the spindle pole body.


L-glutamine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-glutamine.


name: negative regulation of adipose tissue development

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of adipose tissue development.


name: negative regulation of cellodextrin catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellodextrin catabolic process.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1,4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-proteoglycan + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1,3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1,4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-proteoglycan + UDP.


circadian temperature homeostasis

description: Any homeostatic process in which an organism modulates its internal body temperature at different values with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.


name: establishment or maintenance of microtubule cytoskeleton polarity

description: Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of polarized microtubule-based cytoskeletal structures.


cellular response to oxidopamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an oxidopamine stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + gibberellin = UDP + gibberellin 2-O-beta-D-glucoside.


karyogamy

description: The creation of a single nucleus from multiple nuclei as a result of fusing the lipid bilayers that surround each nuclei.


amine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom.


name: plasmacytoid dendritic cell cytokine production

description: Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a plasmacytoid dendritic cell.


name: protein N-linked glucosylation via asparagine

description: A process of protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine in which glucose is added to the N4 of asparagine, forming an (S)-2-amino-4-(D-glucopyranosyl)amino-4-oxobutanoic acid residue.


box C/D sno(s)RNA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving box C/D type small nucleolar RNA.


Ran protein signal transduction

description: An intracellular signaling cassette in which a small monomeric GTPase of the Ran subfamily relays a signal.


name: membrane depolarization during action potential

description: The process in which membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


name: regulation of cilium movement involved in cell motility

description: Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of cilium movement involved in ciliary motility.


name: peptidyl-allysine oxidation to 2-aminoadipic acid

description: The oxidation of allysine to 2-aminoadipic acid.


name: regulation of MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway.


response to parasitic plant

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a parasitic plant.


sulfolipid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving sulfolipids, any compound containing a sulfonic acid residue joined by a carbon-sulfur bond to a lipid.


name: negative regulation of emodin biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of emodin biosynthetic process.


name: positive regulation of humoral immune response

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a humoral immune response.


name: response to pheromone regulating conjugation with mutual genetic exchange

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pheromone stimulus regulating the process of conjugation without cellular fusion.


name: L-phenylalanine biosynthetic process from chorismate via phenylpyruvate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-phenylalanine from other compounds, including chorismate, via the intermediate phenylpyruvate.


protein localization to T-tubule

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, the T-tubule. The T-tubule is an invagination of the plasma membrane of a muscle cell that extends inward from the cell surface around each myofibril.


UDP-galactose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-D-galactose, a substance composed of D-galactose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.


isoquinoline alkaloid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoquinoline alkaloids, alkaloid compounds that contain bicyclic N-containing aromatic rings and are derived from a 3,4-dihydroxytyramine (dopamine) precursor that undergoes a Schiff base addition with aldehydes of different origin.


name: positive regulation of hormone metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone.


name: extraction of mislocalized protein from membrane

description: The removal of a mislocalized protein from a cellular membrane.


name: negative regulation of maltoheptaose metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of maltoheptaose metabolic process.


response to steroid hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus.


terrequinone A biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terrequinone A.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1L-1-O-(indol-3-yl)acetyl-myo-inositol + UDP-L-arabinose = (indol-3-yl)acetyl-myo-inositol 3-L-arabinoside + H+ + UDP.


name: G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway involved in social behavior

description: Any G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway that is involved in social behavior.


cellular response to folic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a folic acid stimulus.


fumagillin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of fumagillin.


name: bicyclic nitroimidazole catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a bicyclic nitroimidazole.


name: GSI anchor biosynthetic process via N-glycyl-glycosylsphingolipidinositolethanolamine

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a C-terminal peptidyl-glycine ethanolamide-linked glycosylsphingolipidinositol (GSI) anchor following hydrolysis of a glycyl-peptide bond in the carboxy-terminal region of a membrane-associated protein.


name: Notch signaling involved in heart development

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of an extracellular ligand to a Notch receptor on the surface of the target cell and contributing to the progression of the heart over time.


cellular response to nitric oxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitric oxide stimulus.


prostacyclin receptor activity

description: Combining with prostacyclin (PGI(2)) to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: protein insertion into plasma membrane raft

description: The process in which a protein is incorporated into a plasma membrane raft.


mRNA CDS binding

description: Binding to an mRNA molecule coding sequence (CDS).


name: short-chain fatty acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a short-chain fatty acid. A short-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing fewer than 6 carbons.


name: Notch receptor processing, ligand-independent

description: The proteolytic cleavages to the Notch protein that occur prior to ligand binding. A primary cleavage event within the extracellular domain whilst the Notch protein in still in the secretory pathway, leads to the transportation of a processed heterodimer to the cell surface.


cytoplasmic translational elongation

description: The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis in the cytoplasm.


fermentative hydrogen production

description: The fermentation of organic substances with a net release of hydrogen.


name: oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton organization

description: Formation and maintenance of a polarized microtubule array originating from a microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) in the oocyte. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


homogentisate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of homogentisate.


fused antrum stage

description: The stage in oogenesis when the antral spaces fuse to form a single antral space. The oocyte is suspended in the cumulus oophorous and the first polar body in the perivitelline space.


name: regulation of double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing, removal of nonhomologous ends

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing, removal of nonhomologous ends.


name: glycerol to glycerone phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways in which glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, is converted to glycerone phosphate.


name: negative regulation of opioid receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of opioid receptor signaling pathway.


name: regulation of double-strand break repair

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of double-strand break repair.


protein modification process

description: The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications). Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification).


name: anaerobic 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid, that occur in the absence of oxygen.


name: G protein-coupled pyrimidinergic nucleotide receptor activity

description: Combining with a pyrimidine nucleotide and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


name: negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated immunity

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of natural killer cell mediated immunity.


viral tropism switching

description: A process by which the range of hosts which a virus can bind and infect is changed. Examples include phages that switch between types of fibers via the action of a virally encoded invertase.


ERBB2-EGFR signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ERBB1) on the surface of a cell, followed by transmission of the signal by a heterodimeric complex of ERBB2 and EGFR. ERBB2, which does not bind any known ligand, is activated through formation of a heterodimer with another ligand-activated ERBB family member such as EGFR.


name: semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway involved in bone trabecula morphogenesis

description: Any semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway that contributes to bone trabecula morphogenesis.


funalenone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of funalenone.


PAMP receptor decoy activity

description: Binding and sequestering PAMP ligands in order to prevent them from binding and activating to the host PAMP receptor. Usually this activity is encoded by a symbiont or a pathogen to prevent activation of the host innate immune response.


name: regulation of motor neuron apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of motor neuron apoptotic process.


name: negative regulation of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 6 signaling pathway.


thiamine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.


homoserine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of homoserine, alpha-amino-gamma-hydroxybutyric acid.


dATP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dATP, deoxyadenosine triphosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate).


thioether S-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + dimethyl sulfide = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + trimethylsulfonium.


RNA fragment catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fragment of RNA, such as excised introns or sequences removed from ribosomal RNA during processing.


name: fatty acid primary amide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform primary fatty amides.


name: establishment of competence for transformation

description: The process in which a naturally transformable bacterium acquires the ability to take up exogenous DNA. This term should be applied only to naturally transformable bacteria, and should not be used in the context of artificially induced bacterial transformation.


name: positive regulation of SREBP signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the SREBP signaling pathway.


emodin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of emodin.


biogenic amine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways occurring at the level of individual cells resulting in the formation of any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters.


sphingomyelin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sphingomyelin, N-acyl-4-sphingenyl-1-O-phosphorylcholine.


name: positive regulation of flagellated sperm motility

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of flagellated sperm motility.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginyl-[protein] + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = H+ + N(omega)-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)-L-arginyl-[protein] + UDP.


bacitracin A metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving bacitracin A.


D-allose kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-allose = ADP + D-allose 6-phosphate.


name: regulation of MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway.


chemokine production

description: The appearance of a chemokine due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. All chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an immune response to recruit cells of the immune system to a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling the migration of cells during normal processes of tissue maintenance or development. Chemokines are found in all vertebrates, some viruses and some bacteria.


name: cellular response to carcinoembryonic antigen

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carcinoembryonic antigen stimulus. The carcinoembryonic antigens represent a family of glycoproteins.


name: negative regulation of starch catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of starch catabolic process.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-hydroxyphenylacetate, 1,3-benzenediol monoacetate, also known as resorcinol monoacetate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate + CoA + H+.


beta-endorphin receptor activity

description: Combining with beta-endorphin, and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein. Beta-endorphin is a peptide, 31 amino acids long, resulting from processing of the precursor proopiomelanocortin (POMC).


pyoverdine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the siderochrome pyoverdine.


cyclohexylsulfamate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyclohexylsulfamate, also known as cyclamic acid. Sodium cyclohexylsulfamate (CHS-Na) was a widely used sweetening agent but was banned because of the suspicion of carcinogenicity and metabolic conversion to cyclohexylamine (CHA), a toxic substance. It is now used as a fungicide.


name: second mitotic wave involved in compound eye morphogenesis

description: A discrete cell cycle in the third instar eye imaginal disc after progression of the morphogenetic furrow that contributes to compound eye morphogenesis. It is essential for generation of a sufficient pool of uncommitted cells to develop complete ommatidia.


cyclohexanol oxidation

description: The cyclohexanol metabolic process in which cyclohexanol is converted to adipate.


name: positive regulation of snRNA pseudouridine synthesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of snRNA pseudouridine synthesis.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + procollagen 5-hydroxy-L-lysine = UDP + procollagen 5-(D-galactosyloxy)-L-lysine.


AMPA glutamate receptor activity

description: An ionotropic glutamate receptor activity that exhibits fast gating by glutamate and acts by opening a cation channel permeable to sodium, potassium, and, in the absence of a GluR2 subunit, calcium.


RNA guanosine insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of a guanosine nucleotide.


aerobic organosilicon metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving organosilicons, organic compounds that contain silicon, in the presence of oxygen.


name: proteolysis involved in protein catabolic process

description: The hydrolysis of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein as part of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by individual cells.


name: positive regulation of B cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of B cell apoptotic process.


name: epidermal growth factor signaling pathway involved in forebrain neuron fate commitment

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a epidermal growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands that contributes to the commitment of a neuroblast to a neuronal fate. The neuron will reside in the forebrain.


L-serine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-serine, the L-enantiomer of serine, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid.


reelin receptor activity

description: Combining with the secreted glycoprotein reelin, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: regulation of ornithine catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ornithine catabolic process.


name: glutamine family amino acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids of the glutamine family, comprising arginine, glutamate, glutamine and proline.


cellular response to cold

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism.


name: aerobic phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring, in the presence of oxygen.


octopamine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving octopamine, 1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-aminoethanol. The D enantiomer is about one-tenth as active as norepinephrine and is found in the salivary glands of Octopus and Eledone species.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + a flavonol = UDP + a flavonol 3-O-D-glucoside.


mRNA N-acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a cytidine in mRNA + acetyl-CoA + ATP + H2O = ADP + an N(4)-acetylcytidine in mRNA + CoA + H+ + phosphate.


name: cytoskeletal rearrangement involved in phagocytosis, engulfment

description: The assembly, arrangement, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures that is involved in the internalization of bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter or of an apoptotic cell by phagocytosis.


name: iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via bis-L-cysteinyl-L-N3'-histidino-L-serinyl tetrairon tetrasulfide

description: The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via bis-L-cysteinyl-L-N3'-histidino-L-serinyl tetrairon tetrasulfide.


negative regulation of transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


carotenoid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving carotenoids, tetraterpenoid compounds in which two units of 4 isoprenoid residues joined head-to-tail are themselves joined tail-to-tail.


siRNA binding

description: Binding to a small interfering RNA, a 21-23 nucleotide RNA that is processed from double stranded RNA (dsRNA) by an RNAse enzyme.


name: neutral L-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of neutral L-amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Neutral amino acids have side chains with no charge at pH 7.3.


interleukin-10 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-10 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


regulation of molecular function

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a molecular function, an elemental biological activity occurring at the molecular level, such as catalysis or binding.


name: regulation of neurotransmitter receptor activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurotransmitter receptor activity. Modulation may be via an effect on ligand affinity, or effector function such as ion selectivity or pore opening/closing in ionotropic receptors.


name: CP2 mannose-ethanolamine phosphotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ethanolamine phosphate + Man-alpha-(1,2)-Man-alpha-(1,2)-Man-alpha-(1,6)-R = Man-alpha-(1,2)-Man-alpha-6-P-EtN-(1,2)-Man-alpha-(1,6)-R; R is Man-alpha(1,4)-GlcNH2-inositol-phosphate-lipid. This reaction is the transfer of ethanolamine phosphate to C6 of second mannose in the GPI lipid precursor CP2.


phylloquinone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phylloquinone, vitamin K1, a quinone-derived compound synthesized by green plants.


name: protein localization to microtubule organizing center

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a microtubule organizing center.


name: symbiont-medited actin polymerization-dependent cell-to-cell migration in host

description: The directional movement of an organism, usually a bacterial cell, from one place to another within its host organism, by a process involving continuous polymerization of actin at one pole of the symbiont cell. Some bacteria use host actin for migration from cell to cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


circadian sleep/wake cycle

description: The cycle from wakefulness through an orderly succession of sleep states and stages that occurs on an approximately 24 hour rhythm.


name: glutamine catabolic process to fumarate, using glutamate synthase (NADPH)

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into fumarate, beginning with the conversion of glutamine to glutamate catalyzed by the enzyme glutamate synthase (NADPH) (EC:1.4.1.13).


name: epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation

description: A transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell that will contribute to the formation of the endocardial cushion.


name: anaerobic phenol-containing compound metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a phenol, any compound containing one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to an aromatic carbon ring, in the absence of oxygen.


lipoprotein localization to membrane

description: A process in which a lipoprotein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in a membrane.


name: regulation of diorcinol biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of diorcinol biosynthetic process.


dATP diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dATP + H2O = dAMP + H+ + diphosphate.


cellular response to vitamin B1

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B1 stimulus.


flavonoid glucuronidation

description: The modification of a flavonoid by the conjugation of glucuronic acid. The resultant flavonoid glucuronosides are often much more water-soluble than the precursor.


asymmetric Golgi ribbon formation

description: The asymmetric formation of a continuous ribbon of interconnected Golgi stacks of flat cisternae that contributes to the establishment of epithelial cell polarity.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-diphospho-1D-myo-inositol 1,2,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + H2O = 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate + phosphate + 2 H+.


octopamine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of octopamine, 1-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-aminoethanol. The D enantiomer is about one-tenth as active as norepinephrine and is found in the salivary glands of Octopus and Eledone species.


GAG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GAG codon.


protein amidation

description: Addition of an amide group from a glycine to a protein amino acid.


name: positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle involved in cellular response to nitrogen starvation

description: Any positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle that is involved in cellular response to nitrogen starvation.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host JAK-STAT cascade via inhibition of host TYK2 activity

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupt a JAK-STAT signal cascade in the host organism by reducing the activity of host TYK2 (tyrosine kinase 2). TYK2 is an intracellular signal-transducing tyrosine kinase involved in numerous cytokines and interferons signaling pathways and transmits the cytokine signal by phosphorylating receptor subunits.


name: suppression of blood coagulation in another organism

description: Any process in which an organism stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation in another organism. Blood coagulation is the sequential process in which the multiple coagulation factors of the blood interact, ultimately resulting in the formation of an insoluble fibrin clot.


name: negative regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the stress-activated MAPK cascade.


regulation of peptide secretion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of peptide secretion.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of all-trans-neoxanthin.


name: viral release via disruption of host peptidoglycan cell wall

description: The dissemination of mature viral particles from a host cell, caused by a virus hydrolyzing the peptidoglycan cell wall of the host organism. Peptidoglycans are any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls.


name: cellular response to abscisic acid stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abscisic acid stimulus.


name: negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress.


ascaroside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ascaroside.


name: viral release via pore formation in host cell membrane

description: The dissemination of mature viral particles from a host cell via the formation by the virus of pores in its host cell membrane.


name: myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthetic process, lipid-dependent

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 1D-myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate, phytate, by a pathway using inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate produced from phosphatidylinositol 4,5-biphosphate hydrolysis by phospholipase C.


name: establishment of protein localization to extracellular region

description: The directed movement of a protein to a specific location within the extracellular region.


interleukin-35 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-35 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: protein C-terminal S-isoprenylcysteine carboxyl O-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine methyl ester.


description: The process of coupling phenylalanine to phenylalanyl-tRNA in a mitochondrion, catalyzed by phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. In tRNA aminoacylation, the amino acid is first activated by linkage to AMP and then transferred to either the 2'- or the 3'-hydroxyl group of the 3'-adenosine residue of the tRNA.


name: positive regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis.


name: negative regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the attachment of spindle microtubules to the kinetochore.


serotonin receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a serotonin receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


siroheme catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of siroheme, a tetrahydroporphyrin with adjacent, reduced pyrrole rings.


name: positive regulation of cellotriose metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellotriose metabolic process.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host cell endomembrane system

description: The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host endomembrane system. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor stimulus.


regulation of pH

description: Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium of hydrogen ions, thereby modulating the internal pH, within an organism or cell.


regulation of cellular process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.


name: positive regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte apoptotic process.


name: L-cysteine catabolic process to pyruvate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-cysteine into other compounds, including pyruvate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate + polyprenylpyrophosphate = dimethylmenaquinone + diphosphate + CO2.


cellular response to papulacandin B

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a papulacandin B stimulus.


acetaldehyde catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetaldehyde, a colorless, flammable liquid intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol.


name: intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress

description: The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to a stimulus indicating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen.


name: galacturonate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of galacturonate from one side of a membrane to the other. Galacturonate is the uronic acid formally derived from galactose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group.


catalytic activity, acting on a protein

description: Catalytic activity that acts to modify a protein.


name: adenylate cyclase-activating glucose-activated G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

description: An adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by glucose binding to its receptor on the surface of the target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


coenzyme A diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction:an acyl-coenzyme A or its derivatives + H2O = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 4'-phosphopantetheine. This reaction can also use coenzyme A as a substrate.


name: isoprenoid diphosphate phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the dephosphorylation of isoprenoid diphosphates.


protein ufmylation

description: Covalent attachment of the ubiquitin-like protein UFM1 to another protein.


name: aromatic amino acid family biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan).


alcohol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom.


response to stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation).


pentitol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentitols, any alditol with a chain of five carbon atoms in the molecule.


name: glucose:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose(out) + Na+(out) = glucose(in) + Na+(in).


name: negative regulation of interleukin-35-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of an interleukin-35-mediated signaling pathway.


threonyl-tRNA aminoacylation

description: The process of coupling threonine to threonyl-tRNA, catalyzed by threonyl-tRNA synthetase. The threonyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-II synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 3'-OH group of a threonine-accetping tRNA.


name: pigment biosynthetic process involved in pigment accumulation

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a pigment, any general or particular coloring matter in living organisms, resulting in pigment accumulation.


hepatoblast apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a hepatoblast.


name: telomere maintenance in response to DNA damage

description: Any process that occur in response to the presence of critically short or damaged telomeres.


o-orsellinic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of o-orsellinic acid.


name: angiotensin-activated signaling pathway involved in heart process

description: An angiotensin receptor signaling pathway which contributes to a circulatory system process carried out by the heart.


histone pre-mRNA stem-loop binding

description: Binding to a conserved stem-loop structure found in histone pre-mRNAs.


name: negative stranded viral RNA transcription

description: A viral transcription process that uses negative stranded (-) single stranded (ss) RNA as a template.


name: positive regulation of phenazine biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phenazine biosynthetic process.


regulation of snoRNA metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of snoRNA metabolic process.


red, far-red light phototransduction

description: The sequence of reactions within a cell required to convert absorbed photons from red or far-red light into a molecular signal; the red, far-red light range is defined as having a wavelength within the range 660-730 nm.


name: protein-FAD linkage via 1'-(8alpha-FAD)-L-histidine

description: The formation of a protein-FAD linkage via 1'-(8-alpha-FAD)-L-histidine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate + L-homocysteine = L-methionine + tetrahydropteroyltri-L-glutamate.


dibenzo-p-dioxin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA(4-).


protein xylosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a beta-D-xylosyl residue from UDP-D-xylose to the serine hydroxyl group of an acceptor protein substrate.


nicotinamide riboside metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide riboside, the product of the formation of a glycosidic bond between ribose and nicotinamide.


V(D)J recombination

description: The process in which immune receptor V, D, and J, or V and J gene segments, depending on the specific receptor, are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS).


interleukin-15 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-15 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: retrograde trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic protein complex

description: Cell-cell signaling from postsynapse to presynapse, across the synaptic cleft, mediated by trans-synaptic protein complex.


glycosylceramide biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycosylceramides, any compound formed by the replacement of the glycosidic hydroxyl group of a cyclic form of a monosaccharide (or derivative) by a ceramide group.


DNA recombination

description: Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Interchromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction.


sugar mediated signaling pathway

description: The process in which a change in the level of a mono- or disaccharide such as glucose, fructose or sucrose triggers the expression of genes controlling metabolic and developmental processes.


response to type II interferon

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon.


name: positive regulation by host of viral genome replication

description: A process in which a host organism activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral genome replication.


name: maintenance of seed dormancy by absisic acid

description: The process by which seed dormancy is maintained by the presence of absisic acid.


C21-steroid hormone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving C21-steroid hormones, steroid compounds containing 21 carbons which function as hormones.


axon regeneration

description: The regrowth of axons following their loss or damage.


name: negative regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mature B cell apoptotic process.


neurotrophin signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by neurotrophin binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Neurotrophins are a family of secreted growth factors that induce the survival, development, and function of neurons.


name: 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated phenoxy compound which functions as a systemic herbicide and is used to control many types of broadleaf weeds.


heterochromatin organization

description: Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic heterochromatin, a compact and highly condensed form of chromatin.


name: positive regulation of starch metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of starch metabolic process.


name: positive regulation of age-related resistance

description: Any process that activates or increases the extent of age-related resistance.


5-methylcytosine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 5-methylcytosine, a methylated base of DNA.


cellular response to copper ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a copper ion stimulus.


name: regulation of arginine metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving arginine, 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid.


hydrocarbon metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a hydrocarbon, a compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only.


response to oomycetes

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from an oomycetes.


(+)-kotanin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (+)-kotanin.


name: D-glycero-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a D-glycero-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.


plastid organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a plastid.


thymine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thymine, 5-methyluracil, one of the two major pyrimidine bases present (as thymidine) in DNA but not found in RNA other than (as ribothymidine) in transfer RNA, where it is a minor base.


name: negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development.


glycolytic fermentation to ethanol

description: The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose; it is converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide (CO2), producing two molecules of ATP for each molecule of glucose.


name: regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway.


endopeptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain.


name: leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response

description: The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body contributing to an inflammatory response.


name: negative regulation of tetrapyrrole metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of tetrapyrrole metabolic process.


name: negative regulation of anthocyanin catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of anthocyanin catabolic process.


Atg12 ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of Atg12 to a substrate protein via the reaction X-Atg12 + S = X + S-Atg12, where X is either an E2 or E3 enzyme, the X-Atg12 linkage is a thioester bond, and the S-Atg12 linkage is an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal amino acid of Atg12 and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in the substrate.


NADH dehydrogenase complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an NADH dehydrogenase complex.


doxorubicin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving doxorubicin, an anthracycline antibiotic, used in cancer chemotherapy.


SUMO transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of SUMO from one protein to another via the reaction X-SUMO + Y = Y-SUMO + X, where both X-SUMO and Y-SUMO are covalent linkages.


box C/D sno(s)RNA 5'-end processing

description: Any process involved in forming the mature 5' end of a box C/D RNA molecule.


name: singlet oxygen-mediated programmed cell death

description: Programmed cell death induced by singlet oxygen. Programmed cell death is the cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes.


name: cyanogenic glycoside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyanogenic glycosides, any glycoside containing a cyano group that is released as hydrocyanic acid on acid hydrolysis; such compounds occur in the kernels of various fruits.


name: regulation of complement activation, alternative pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the alternative pathway of complement activation.


name: protein localization to vacuolar membrane

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a vacuolar membrane.


mannosylation

description: The covalent attachment of a mannose residue to a substrate molecule.


trialkylsulfonium hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a thioether bond, -S-.


glutamyl-tRNA aminoacylation

description: The process of coupling glutamate to glutamyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutamyl-tRNA synthetase. The glutamyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a glutamic acid-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.


name: arabinoxylan-containing compound catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an arabinoxylan.


name: regulation of phenylpropanoid metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phenylpropanoid metabolic process.


name: positive regulation of pyrimidine nucleobase metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving pyrimidine nucleobases.


name: protein-phycoerythrobilin linkage via phycoerythrobilin-bis-L-cysteine

description: The linkage of the chromophore phycoerythrobilin to phycoerythrin via phycoerythrobilin-bis-L-cysteine.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylethanolamine, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of ethanolamine. It is a major structural phospholipid in mammalian systems. It tends to be more abundant than phosphatidylcholine in the internal membranes of the cell and is an abundant component of prokaryotic membranes.


UGG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a UGG codon.


name: regulation of preblastoderm mitotic cell cycle

description: A cell cycle process that modulates the rate or extent of the progression through the preblastoderm mitotic cell cycle.


name: amino acid catabolic process to carboxylic acid via Ehrlich pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce carboxylic acids with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of carboxylic acids, sometimes collectively referred to as fusel acids. Depending on the redox state of the cells, alcohol derivatives may be produced instead of carboxylic acids.


name: active monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other up the solute's concentration gradient. This is carried out by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction.


B cell chemotaxis

description: The directed movement of a B cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).


name: positive regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand.


AMP catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of AMP, adenosine monophosphate.


name: negative regulation of cell cycle checkpoint

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle checkpoint.


entry into host through the stromata

description: Entry of a symbiont into host plant tissue via the stromata, microscopic pores in the epidermis of the aerial parts of terrestrial plants. These pores are essential for photosynthesis, as they allow CO2 to diffuse into the plant. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.