name: small RNA 2'-O-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the oxygen atom of a nucleoside residue in a small RNA molecule. Reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + small RNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + small RNA containing a 3'-terminal 2'-O-methylnucleotide.


name: G protein-coupled GABA receptor activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Combining with the amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


olefinic compound metabolic process

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving an olefinic compound, any compound which contains a carbon-carbon double bond (aka C=C).


tatiopterin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving tatiopterin.


maternal placenta development

description: Maternally driven process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin.


name: positive regulation of mitotic recombination-dependent replication fork processing

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic recombination-dependent replication fork processing. Regulation of mitotic recombination prevents recombination between inappropriate homologous sequences. Proteins involved in homologous recombination are required for replication restart.


name: symbiont defense to host-produced jasmonic acid

description: Any process in which a symbiont modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


atrial cardiac myofibril assembly

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the atrial cardiac myofibril over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac myofibril is a myofibril specific to cardiac muscle cells.


name: ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


description: Cytolysis of target cells by natural killer cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, or macrophages following engagement of antibodies bound to the target cells by Fc receptors on the effector cells.


regulation of leukocyte migration

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte migration.


name: tRNA (uridine) methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from a donor to a uracil residue in a tRNA molecule.


name: immune response-inhibiting signal transduction

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the level or activity of a second messenger or other downstream target, and ultimately leading to inhibition of an immune response.


ovulation from ovarian follicle

description: The process leading to the rupture of the follicle, releasing the centrally located oocyte into the oviduct. An example of this is found in Mus musculus.


formate oxidation

description: The chemical reactions and pathways by which formate is converted to CO2.


name: peptidyl-S-12-hydroxyfarnesyl-L-cysteine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-cysteine

description: The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form S-12-hydroxyfarnesyl-L-cysteine; formation of S-farnesycysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CXXX motif and methyl esterification of the farnesylated cysteine.


epoxide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving epoxides, compounds in which an oxygen atom is directly attached to two adjacent or non-adjacent carbon atoms of a carbon chain or ring system; thus cyclic ethers.


name: microtubule cytoskeleton attachment to nuclear envelope

description: A process in which the microtubule cytoskeleton is attached to the nuclear envelope.


butyrate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of butyrate, the anion of butyric acid.


name: purine-containing compound metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof.


nicotianamine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotianamine, 2(S),3'2(S),3''(S)-N-(N-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid.


malonyl-CoA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving malonyl-CoA, the S-malonyl derivative of coenzyme A.


name: negative regulation of neutrophil mediated cytotoxicity

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed killing of a target cell by a neutrophil.


glycolipid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycolipid, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide).


quercetin O-glucoside metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving O-glucosylated derivatives of quercetin.


cellular response to methionine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methionine stimulus.


regulation of fibroblast migration

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of fibroblast cell migration. Fibroblast cell migration is accomplished by extension and retraction of a pseudopodium.


name: protein localization to perinuclear region of cytoplasm

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the perinuclear region of the cytoplasm.


TOR signaling

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by TOR (Target of rapamycin) proteins, members of the phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase related kinase (PIKK) family that act as serine/threonine kinases in response to nutrient availability or growth factors.


taurine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), a sulphur-containing amino acid derivative important in the metabolism of fats.


name: abscisic acid-activated signaling pathway involved in stomatal movement

description: Any abscisic acid mediated signaling pathway that is involved in stomatal movement.


name: epithelial-mesenchymal cell signaling involved in lung development

description: Any process that results in the transfer of information from an epithelial cell to a mesenchymal cell and contributes to the progression of the lung over time from its initial formation to the mature organ.


GTP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving GTP, guanosine triphosphate.


name: regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell extravasation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell extravasation.


description: Catalysis of the addition of mannose to dolichyl-pyrophosphate Man7GlcNAc2 (also written as Man7GlcNAc2-PP-Dol) in alpha-(1->6) linkage, producing Man8GlcNAc2-PP-Dol.


cellular response to estradiol stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen.


cellular response to UV-C

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a UV-C radiation stimulus. UV-C radiation (UV-C light) spans the wavelengths 100 to 280 nm.


name: pre-mRNA intronic pyrimidine-rich binding

description: Binding to a pyrimidine-rich (CU-rich) intronic sequence of a pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA).


cellular response to ethylene stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethylene (ethene) stimulus.


cellular response to purvalanol A

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a purvalanol A stimulus.


chloroplast mRNA modification

description: The covalent alteration within the chloroplast of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.


subsynaptic reticulum organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a subsynaptic reticulum. A subsynaptic reticulum is an elaborate tubulolamellar membrane system that underlies the postsynaptic cell membrane.


name: protein localization to bicellular tight junction

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a bicellular tight junction.


isomerase activity

description: Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5.


name: negative regulation of fibroblast chemotaxis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast chemotaxis.


name: positive regulation of spermidine biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of spermidine biosynthetic process.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucosiduronate + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = H+ + luteolin 7-O-[(beta-D-glucosiduronate)-(1->2)-(beta-D-glucosiduronate)] + UDP.


name: positive regulation of dopamine metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine.


anaerobic amino acid catabolic process

description: The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids, yielding energy in the form of ATP.


inositol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.


name: positive regulation of galactoglucomannan catabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of galactoglucomannan catabolic process.


cellular response to chitin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chitin stimulus.


name: regulation of myofibroblast cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myofibroblast cell apoptotic process.


cellular response to genistein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a genistein stimulus.


name: positive regulation of netrin-activated signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of netrin-activated signaling pathway.


name: 23S rRNA (adenine(1618)-N(6))-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + adenine(1618) in 23S rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing N(6)-methyladenine(1618) in 23S rRNA.


name: H2A-H2B histone complex chaperone activity

description: A histone chaperone that carries a H2A-H2B histone complex.


formaldehyde catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of formaldehyde (methanal, H2C=O), the simplest aldehyde.


CCG codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CCG codon.


name: protein localization to horsetail-astral microtubule array

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a horsetail-astral microtubule array.


name: L-asparagine:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: L-asparagine(out) + Na+(out) = L-asparagine(in) + Na+(in).


maintenance of DNA repeat elements

description: Any process involved in sustaining the fidelity and copy number of DNA repeat elements.


cytokinin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cytokinins, a class of adenine-derived compounds that can function in plants as growth regulators.


description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + K+(out) + Cl-(out) = Na+(in) + K+(in) + Cl-(in).


name: cellular modified amino acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of compounds derived from amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents.


name: glomerular basement membrane development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the glomerular basement membrane over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The glomerular basement membrane is the basal laminal portion of the glomerulus which performs the actual filtration.


name: protein-pyridoxal-5-phosphate linkage via peptidyl-N6-pyridoxal phosphate-L-lysine

description: The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form N6-pyridoxal phosphate-L-lysine.


spheroidene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving spheroidene.


DNA strand elongation

description: The DNA metabolic process in which an existing DNA strand is extended by activities including the addition of nucleotides to the 3' end of the strand.


pre-mRNA intronic binding

description: Binding to an intronic sequence of a pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA).


name: lipopolysaccharide glucosyltransferase I activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + lipopolysaccharide = UDP + D-glucosyl-lipopolysaccharide.


cellular response to antimycin A

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antimycin A stimulus.


regulation of biological process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule.


linamarin synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanenitrile = UDP + linamarin.


deoxyadenosine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of deoxyadenosine, 2-deoxyribosyladenine, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


name: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17 production

description: The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17 (CCL17) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process.


description: The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-13 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


sensory perception of high humidity

description: The series of events required for an organism to detect high environmental humidity, convert this detection into a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.


regulatory region RNA binding

description: Binding to a RNA region that regulates a nucleic acid-based process. Such processes include transcription, DNA replication, and DNA repair.


glucuronoxylan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glucuronoxylan, a polymer containing a beta-1,4-linked D-xylose backbone substituted with glucuronic acid residues.


name: 5-formyltetrahydrofolate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of 5-formyltetrahydrofolate, the formylated derivative of tetrahydrofolate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: envenomation resulting in modulation of platelet aggregation in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant change to the frequency, rate or extent of platelet aggregation in the bitten organism.


name: positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Rho protein signal transduction.


estrogen metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants.


name: modulation by virus of host chromatin organization

description: Any process in which a virus effects a change in the organization of chromatin in the host.


name: tRNA-type intron splice site recognition and cleavage

description: RNA processing that begins when the tertiary structure of a tRNA type intron is recognized, and ends when the endonucleolytic cleavage of the RNA at both the 5' and 3' splice sites occurs.


name: endonucleolytic cleavage in 5'-ETS of tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA)

description: Endonucleolytic cleavage within the 5'-External Transcribed Spacer (ETS) of a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Endonucleolytic cleavage within the 5'-ETS of the pre-RNA is conserved as one of the early steps of rRNA processing in all eukaryotes, but the specific position of cleavage is variable.


name: negative regulation of T-helper cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper cell differentiation.


name: apoptotic process involved in metanephric collecting duct development

description: Any apoptotic process that is involved in metanephric collecting duct development.


name: negative regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of complement-dependent cytotoxicity.


receptor metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function.


2-hydroxy-dATP hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-dATP + H2O = 2-hydroxy-dAMP + H+ + diphosphate.


error-free postreplication DNA repair

description: The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA via processes such as template switching, which does not remove the replication-blocking lesions but does not increase the endogenous mutation rate.


name: enterobacterial common antigen metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving enterobacterial common antigen, an acidic polysaccharide containing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-mannosaminouronic acid, and 4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose. A major component of the cell wall outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria.


name: immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular ligand binding to a receptor on the surface of the target cell capable of activating, perpetuating, or inhibiting an immune response.


name: ornithine-acyl [acyl carrier protein] N-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + L-ornithine = lyso-ornithine lipid + [acyl-carrier protein]. The enzyme, found in bacteria, catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of ornithine lipids.


ERK5 cascade

description: A MAPK cascade containing at least the ERK5 MAP kinase (MAPK7; also called BMK1). It starts with the activation of a MAP3K, and the consecutive activation of a MPK2K and of ERK5. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier. The ERK5 cascade is activated by stress, mitogens, and by G protein-coupled receptors, and results in cellular responses such as cell growth, cell differentiation and development.


tRNA nucleoside ribose methylation

description: The process that results in the modification of the sugar of a nucleoside in tRNA at the 2'O position.


K48-linked deubiquitinase activity

description: Hydrolysis of a ubiquitin unit from a ubiquitinated protein linked via the Lys48 residue of ubiquitin.


indole glucosinolate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indole glucosinolates. Glucosinolates are sulfur-containing compounds that have a common structure linked to an R group derived from tryptophan; indoles are biologically active substances based on 2,3-benzopyrrole, formed during the catabolism of tryptophan.


prostanoid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of prostanoids.


superoxide anion generation

description: The enzymatic generation of superoxide, the superoxide anion O2- (superoxide free radical), or any compound containing this species, by a cell in response to environmental stress, thereby mediating the activation of various stress-inducible signaling pathways.


name: endocardial cushion to mesenchymal transition involved in cardiac skeleton development

description: A transition where an endocardial cushion cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell that will give rise to the cardiac skeleton.


name: catechol-containing compound metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a compound containing a pyrocatechol (1,2-benzenediol) nucleus or substituent.


name: ornithine catabolic process, by decarboxylation

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ornithine by decarboxylation.


negative regulation of T cell migration

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell migration.


TDP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving TDP, ribosylthymine diphosphate.


ammonia assimilation cycle

description: The pathway by which ammonia is processed and incorporated into a cell. In an energy-rich (glucose-containing), nitrogen-poor environment, glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase form an ammonia assimilatory cycle, in which ammonia is incorporated into L-glutamate to form L-glutamine, which then combines with alpha-ketoglutarate to regenerate L-glutamate. This ATP-dependent cycle is essential for nitrogen-limited growth and for steady-state growth with some sources of nitrogen.


UDP-L-arabinose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP-L-arabinose, uridinediphosphoarabinose, a substance composed of arabinose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


name: protein localization to cell division site involved in cell separation after cytokinesis

description: Any protein localization to cell division site that is involved in cell separation after cytokinesis.


L-arabitol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabitol, the pentitol derived from arabinose or lyxose by reduction of the aldehyde group.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host actin cytoskeleton via filamentous actin depolymerization

description: The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host actin cytoskeleton by depolymerizing the host filamentous actin. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: complement component C4b receptor activity

description: Combining with the C4b product of the classical complement cascade and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process

description: Any cellular process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host neurotransmitter secretion

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts the regulated release of a neurotransmitter from a cell in its host organism.


G protein-coupled UTP receptor activity

description: Combining with a nucleotide and transmitting the signal to a heterotrimeric G-protein complex to initiate a change in cell activity, activated by UTP.


amylopectin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amylopectin, the (1->4) linked alpha glucose units with alpha-(1->6) linkages.


lysosomal protein catabolic process

description: Any cellular protein catabolic process that takes place in a lysosome.


binding

description: The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule.


name: regulation of acute inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus.


protein sulfhydration

description: The modification of a protein amino acid by the addition of sulfur.


primary piRNA processing

description: The process involved in converting precursor piRNAs into non-overlapping, contiguous primary piRNAs (approximately 24-30-nt piRNAs with a preference for a 5' uridine (U) via the endonucleolytic activity of cytosolic PIWI. This may include pre-piRNA maturation of 3' ends by trimming and 2'-O-methylation.


13-series resolvin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of resolvin family 13-series, hydroxy fatty acids derived from docosapentaenoic acid.


lignin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lignins, a class of polymers formed by the dehydrogenetive radical polymerization of various phenylpropanoid monomers.


name: lysobisphosphatidic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a lysobisphosphatidic acid. A lysobisphosphatidic acid is a lysophosphatidic acid having the unusual property of a phosphodiester moiety linked to positions sn-1 and sn1' of glycerol; and two additional fatty acids esterified to the glycerol head group.


mesoderm formation

description: The process that gives rise to the mesoderm. This process pertains to the initial formation of the structure from unspecified parts.


name: isoflavonoid phytoalexin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoflavonoid phytoalexins, a group of water-soluble phenolic derivatives isomeric with flavonoids that possess antibiotic activity and are produced by plant tissues in response to infection.


regulation of tRNA metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tRNA metabolic process.


secretin receptor activity

description: Combining with secretin to initiate a change in cell activity.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: caffeoyl-CoA + putrescine = N-caffeoylputrescine + CoA + H+.


L-fucose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-fucose, 6-deoxy-L-galactose, a sugar that occurs in fucans, a class of polysaccharides in seaweeds, especially Fucus species, and in the cell wall matrix of higher plants.


histamine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans.


trypanothione catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of trypanothione (N1,N6,-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine), an essential redox intermediate in intracellular thiol redox regulation which also plays a role in protecting against oxidative stress.


name: regulation of methanophenazine biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of methanophenazine biosynthetic process.


cellular response to food

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a food stimulus; food is anything which, when taken into the body, serves to nourish or build up the tissues or to supply body heat.


excitatory synapse assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an excitatory synapse.


name: regulation of activation of membrane attack complex

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activation of the membrane attack complex components of the complement cascade.


amino-acid betaine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any betaine, the N-trimethyl derivative of an amino acid.


xanthosine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving xanthosine.


name: regulation of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte apoptotic process.


mannitol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannitol, the alditol derived from D-mannose by reduction of the aldehyde group.


name: cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process involved in abscission

description: Any cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process that is involved in abscission.


name: trans-Golgi-derived vesicle fusion with Golgi medial cisterna membrane

description: The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a trans-Golgi-derived vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane around the medial-Golgi cisterna. Such vesicles include COPI-coated transport vesicles involved in retrograde transport.


arsonoacetate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving arsonoacetate, a synthetic, organic compound containing a single arsenic atom. Arsonoacetate and other arsenic containing compounds are used in agricultural applications as animal feed additives, cotton defoliants and post-emergence grass herbicides.


protein-containing complex remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss, or modification of macromolecules within a complex, resulting in the alteration of an existing complex.


name: positive regulation of cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process.


keratinocyte apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a keratinocyte. A keratinocyte is an epidermal cell which synthesizes keratin and undergoes a characteristic change as it moves upward from the basal layers of the epidermis to the cornified (horny) layer of the skin.


name: positive regulation of granulosa cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of granulosa cell apoptotic process.


mitochondrial DNA catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of mitochondrial DNA.


middle viral transcription

description: The viral transcription that takes place after early transcription in the viral life cycle, and which involves the transcription of genes required for replication.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-alpha,N-alpha,N-alpha-trimethyl-L-histidine, also known as histidine betaine or hercynine, a trimethylated derivative of histidine.


isopentenol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving isopentenol.


type IIb hypersensitivity

description: An inflammatory response resulting in cell death or dysfunction mediated by the direct binding of antibody to cellular receptors.


name: cinnamic acid ester biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ester derivatives of cinnamic acid, phenylpropenoic acid.


response to interleukin-9

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-9 stimulus.


cadinene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cadinene.


retroviral integrase activity

description: Catalysis of the covalent insertion of double-stranded retroviral DNA into host DNA. Proceeds by an endonucleolytic cleavage at each 3'-OH extremity of the viral genome, named 3'-processing, followed by a strand transfer reaction leading to the insertion of the processed viral DNA into the target DNA by a trans-esterification mechanism.


name: actin-dependent intracellular transport of virus towards nucleus

description: The directed movement of a virus, or part of a virus, towards the host cell nucleus using actin filaments.


nicotine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotine, (S)(-)-3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine.


response to defenses of other organism

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the defenses of another organism.


name: symbiont-mediated cell-to-cell migration by invasive hypha

description: The directional movement of a hyphal filament from one host cell to another. This process involves the clearance of plant-derived plasmodesmal occlusion materials, cytoskeleton based constriction of invasive hypha to traverse plasmodesmata. Septins and F-actin are reorganized into an hourglass shape at the point of maximum hyphal constriction.


name: cellular response to topologically incorrect protein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a protein that is not folded in its correct three-dimensional structure.


name: L-aspartate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of L-aspartate from one side of a membrane to the other. L-aspartate is the anion derived from aspartic acid.


T-helper 1 type immune response

description: An immune response which is associated with resistance to intracellular bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, and pathological conditions such as arthritis, and which is typically orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines by T-helper 1 cells, most notably interferon-gamma, IL-2, and lymphotoxin.


name: negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of insulin receptor signaling.


pyridoxal phosphate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pyridoxal phosphate, pyridoxal phosphorylated at the hydroxymethyl group of C-5, the active form of vitamin B6.


name: molybdenum incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster

description: The incorporation of molybdenum into an iron-sulfur cluster.


monodictyphenone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of monodictyphenone.


N-terminal peptidyl-glycine acetylation

description: The acetylation of the N-terminal glycine of proteins to form the derivative N-acetylglycine.


name: dolichyl monophosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dolichyl diphosphate, a phosphorylated dolichol derivative.


peptidyl-proline modification

description: The modification of peptidyl-proline.


name: spermidine:caffeoyl CoA N-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a caffeoyl group to a nitrogen atom on the spermidine molecule.


name: positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis.


ferricrocin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ferricrocin, a cyclic hexapeptide siderophore with the structure Gly-Ser-Gly-(N5-acetyl-N5-hydroxyornithine)3.


tRNA N1-guanine methylation

description: The process whereby a guanine in tRNA is methylated at position N1 of the guanine.


name: positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the mitotic cell cycle.


response to cesium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cesium stimulus.


protein localization to motile cilium

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a motile cilium.


UDP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UDP, uridine (5'-)diphosphate.


endoplasmic reticulum disassembly

description: The disaggregation of an endoplasmic reticulum into its constituent components.


description: The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-3 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


2-nitropropane metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-nitropropane, a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, fruity odor. 2-nitropropane is used principally as a solvent and chemical intermediate. As a solvent, it is used in inks, paints, adhesives, varnishes, polymers, and synthetic materials. It is a feedstock for the manufacture of 2-nitro-2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol.


name: substrate-bound cell migration, adhesion receptor recycling

description: The directed movement of accumulated adhesion components such as integrins from the rear of a migrating cell toward the cell front, where they are available to form new protrusions and adhesions.


name: classical arabinogalactan protein metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein, which is composed of a group of core protein containing Hyp, Ala, Ser, Thr and Gly as the major amino acid constituents, and the C-terminus is GPI anchored.


protein localization to cell wall

description: The process of directing proteins towards the cell-wall.


lipoprotein modification

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid or lipid residues occurring in a lipoprotein, any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids.


name: hydrogen peroxide-mediated programmed cell death

description: Programmed cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide. Programmed cell death is the cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes.


UTP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of UTP, uridine (5'-)triphosphate.


protein succinylation

description: The modification of a protein by the addition of a succinyl group (CO-CH2-CH2-CO) to an amino acid residue.


name: programmed cell death in response to retinoic acid

description: Cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes and occurring as a result of a retinoic acid.


lactam metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving lactams, any cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring.


name: histone H4K20me methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N(6)-methyl-L-lysyl(20)-[histone H4] + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + N(6),N(6)-dimethyl-L-lysyl(20)-[histone H4] + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the monomethlyated lysine residue at position 20 of histone H4, producing H4K20me2.


name: negative regulation of dopamine metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine.


peptidyl-serine sulfation

description: The sulfation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-sulfo-L-serine.


CD4 biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CD4, a CD marker that occurs on T-helper cells and is involved in MHC class II restricted interactions.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + an aralkylamine = CoA + an N-acetylaralkylamine.


name: regulation of mature B cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of mature B cell apoptotic process.


glyoxal biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glyoxal.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway via inhibition of IKBKE activity

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway by reducing the activity of host I-kappa-B kinase epsilon (IKBKE/IKK-epsilon/IKK-E).


trans-synaptic signaling

description: Cell-cell signaling in either direction across the synaptic cleft.


premeiotic DNA replication DNA ligation

description: Any DNA ligation involved in meiotic cell cycle DNA replication.


histone H4K48 deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H4 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 12) + H2O = histone H4 L-lysine (position 48) + acetate. This reaction represents the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 48 of the histone H4 protein.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host gene expression

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts the normal execution of host gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product or products (proteins or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript as well as any processing to produce a mature RNA product or an mRNA (for protein-coding genes) and the translation of that mRNA into protein. Some protein processing events may be included when they are required to form an active form of a product from an inactive precursor form. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + dolichyl phosphate = UDP + dolichyl N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl phosphate.


methylglyoxal biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methylglyoxal, CH3-CO-CHO, the aldehyde of pyruvic acid.


intron homing

description: Lateral transfer of an intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron.


name: positive regulation of outer hair cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of outer hair cell apoptotic process.


name: plant-type cell wall cellulose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cellulose, a linear beta1-4 glucan of molecular mass 50-400 kDa with the pyranose units in the -4C1 conformation, as part of the organization and biogenesis of the cell wall.


name: negative regulation of phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway.


ATP hydrolysis activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + H+ phosphate. ATP hydrolysis is used in some reactions as an energy source, for example to catalyze a reaction or drive transport against a concentration gradient.


name: positive regulation of amine metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amines.


response to abiotic stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (not derived from living organisms) stimulus.


name: trans-synaptic signaling by soluble gas, modulating synaptic transmission

description: Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, via the release and reception of gaseous molecules, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse.


description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of P(1),P(4)-bis(5'-nucleosyl)tetraphosphate into two nucleotides.


name: positive regulation of purine nucleobase metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving purine bases.


N-terminal peptidyl-alanine methylation

description: The methylation of the N-terminal alanine of proteins.


ceramide glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + N-acylsphingosine = UDP + D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine.


name: symbiont-mediated activation of host programmed cell death

description: A process in which a symbiont gene product activates host programmed cell death, leading to an increase in the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: negative regulation of endothelial cell migration

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the orderly movement of an endothelial cell into the extracellular matrix to form an endothelium.


name: regulation of interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway.


synaptic transmission, glycinergic

description: The vesicular release of glycine from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of glycine receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse.


name: cell wall glycoprotein biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cell wall glycoproteins, any cell wall protein that contains covalently bound sugar residues.


name: regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte differentiation.


name: negative regulation of thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of thrombin-activated receptor protein signaling pathway activity. A thrombin receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a thrombin-activated receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


viral translational frameshifting

description: A process which occurs during viral translation, which involves a translational recoding mechanism called programmed ribosomal frameshifting. This causes the ribosome to alter its reading of the mRNA to an a different open reading frame to produce alternate viral proteins.


deoxyadenosine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyadenosine, 2-deoxyribosyladenine, one of the four major nucleosides of DNA.


name: negative regulation of acute inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of an acute inflammatory response to a non-antigenic stimulus.


ephrin receptor activity

description: Combining with an ephrin receptor ligand to initiate a change in cell activity.


galactoglucomannan catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a galactoglucomannan.


asparaginyl-tRNA aminoacylation

description: The process of coupling asparagine to asparaginyl-tRNA, catalyzed by asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase. The asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-II synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 3'-OH group of an asparagine-accetping tRNA.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host T-cell mediated immune response

description: A process by which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of the T-cell mediated immune response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


aspartate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, 2-aminobutanedioic acid.


myofibril assembly

description: Formation of myofibrils, the repeating units of striated muscle.


name: reorganization of host cellular membranes to establish sites of replication

description: A process in which a virus triggers host intracellular membranes to be reorganized, forming membranous webs, which are thought to be the site of replication or certain viruses, for example the HPV virus.


kojic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of kojic acid.


carnitine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of carnitine (hydroxy-trimethyl aminobutyric acid), a compound that participates in the transfer of acyl groups across the inner mitochondrial membrane.


name: negative regulation of Roundabout signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the Roundabout signaling pathway.


alginic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alginic acid, a hydrophilic polysaccharide occurring in, for example, the cell walls of brown algae (brown seaweeds).


diorcinol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diorcinol.


cellular response to alkane

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an alkane stimulus.


dolichyl diphosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dolichyl diphosphate, a diphosphorylated dolichol derivative. In eukaryotes, these function as carriers of mono- and oligosaccharide residues in the glycosylation of lipids and proteins within intracellular membranes.


lipid X metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipid X, 2,3-diacylglucosamine 1-phosphate.


SUMO-ubiquitin ligase activity

description: Isoenergetic transfer of SUMO from one protein to an existing ubiquitin chain via the reaction X-ubiquitin + Y-ubiquitin = Y-ubiquitin-ubiquitin + X, where both the X-ubiquitin and Y-ubiquitin-ubiquitin linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue.


isovaleryl-CoA(4-) metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving isovaleryl-CoA(4-).


name: negative regulation of acetylcholine metabolic process

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues.


acetoacetic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetoacetic acid, a beta-keto acid of the keto acid group, empirical formula is C4H6O3 or CH3COCH2COOH.


name: branchiomotor neuron axon guidance in neural tube

description: The process in which a branchiomotor neuron growth cone in the neural tube is directed to a specific target site in the neural tube. Branchiomotor neurons are located in the hindbrain and innervate branchial arch-derived muscles that control jaw movements, facial expression, the larynx, and the pharynx.


arbuscular mycorrhizal association

description: A form of mutualism between a fungus and the roots of a vascular plant, where hyphae of the fungus penetrate the plant cell wall and invaginate its cell membrane. Once inside, the fungus forms highly branched structures for nutrient exchange with the plant called arbuscules. Aids in the acquisition by the plant of nutrients such as phosphorus from the soil.


cellular response to misfolded protein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a misfolded protein stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,5-bisdiphospho-1D-myo-inositol 2,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate + H2O = 1-diphospho-1D-myo-inositol 2,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate + phosphate + H+.


name: negative regulation of cell wall integrity MAPK cascade

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of MAPK cascade involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: DNA (containing 6-O-methylguanine) + (protein)-L-cysteine = DNA (without 6-O-methylguanine) + protein S-methyl-L-cysteine.


interleukin-6 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-6 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: positive regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential.


NADP catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; catabolism may be of either the oxidized form, NADP, or the reduced form, NADPH.


dorsal/ventral axon guidance

description: The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone is directed to a specific target site along the dorsal-ventral body axis in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism.


name: negative regulation of leukocyte migration

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte migration.


cellular response to interleukin-3

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-3 stimulus.


proline catabolic process to glutamate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of proline into other compounds, including glutamate.


name: symbiont-mediated disruption of host cell wall

description: The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


cellular response to biphenyl

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biphenyl stimulus.


name: negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids.


zeaxanthin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of zeaxanthin.


regulation of Schwann cell migration

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of Schwann cell migration.


name: regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic signaling pathway.


interleukin-24 receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-24 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: positive regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha signaling pathway.


cellular response to glycoprotein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glycoprotein stimulus.


acetaldehyde metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetaldehyde, a colorless, flammable liquid intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: an anthocyanin + UDP-D-glucose = an anthocyanin-5-O-glucoside + UDP.


polyamine acetylation

description: The modification of polyamines by addition of acetyl groups.


L-xylitol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-xylitol, a five-carbon sugar alcohol derived from xylose by reduction of the carbonyl group.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: di-trans-poly-cis-decaprenyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + di-trans-poly-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate.


male gamete generation

description: Generation of the male gamete; specialised haploid cells produced by meiosis and along with a female gamete takes part in sexual reproduction.


name: regulation of DNA double-strand break processing

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of DNA double-strand break processing.


NMDA glutamate receptor activity

description: An cation channel that opens in response to binding by extracellular glutmate, but only if glycine is also bound and the membrane is depolarized. Voltage gating is indirect, due to ejection of bound magnesium from the pore at permissive voltages.


response to actinomycin D

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an actinomycin D stimulus.


cellular response to cholesterol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholesterol stimulus.


name: cell wall macromolecule biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule destined to form part of a cell wall.


name: organic hydroxy compound catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic hydroxy compound.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + N-formylmethanofuran + H+ = N(5)-formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + methanofuran.


name: rhamnogalacturonan II backbone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the backbone structure of pectic rhamnogalacturonan II. The back bone contains at least 8 1,4-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues.


interleukin-8 receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-8 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: endoplasmic reticulum cisternal network organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternal network. The ER cisternal network is the ER part that comprises the membranes with low curvature in cross-section.


name: flavin-containing compound catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a flavin, any derivative of the dimethylisoalloxazine (7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(3H,10H)-dione) skeleton, with a substituent on the 10 position.


BRE binding

description: Binding to a BRE RNA element (Bruno response element).


amylin receptor 2 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular amylin, or another ligand, combining with an amylin receptor 2 (AMY2), a G protein-coupled receptor complex, on the surface of the target cell. The AMY2 signaling pathway can also be initiated by adrenomedullin (AM/ADM).


low-affinity IgG receptor activity

description: Combining with low affinity with an immunoglobulin of an IgG isotype via the Fc region, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: galactarate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of galactaric acid anion (galactarate) from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.


nitrile catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nitrile, an organic compound containing trivalent nitrogen attached to one carbon atom.


myosin filament disassembly

description: The disassembly of a filament composed of myosin molecules.


chromatin looping

description: A chromatin organization process that starts with the loading of an extrusion motor (by an SMC family complex) onto the chromatin, followed by chromatin extrusion that stops at loop anchoring sites on the chromosome.


protein transporter activity

description: Directly binding to a specific protein and delivering it to a specific cellular location.


cell differentiation

description: The cellular developmental process in which a relatively unspecialized cell, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cell, acquires specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize a specific cell. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state.


regulation of monocyte differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of monocyte differentiation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 9-phenanthrol + UDP-glucuronate = 9-phenanthryl-beta-D-glucuronide + UDP.


name: asymmetric protein localization to new mitotic spindle pole body

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained to the new mitotic spindle pole body resulting in its being distributed asymmetrically.


positive regulation of hypersensitivity

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of hypersensitivity.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host defenses

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of host defense(s) by active mechanisms that normally result in the shutting down of a host pathway. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


beta-glucoside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucoside.


name: negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis.


vanillin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving vanillin, an aromatic hydrocarbon which occurs naturally in black vanilla bean pods and can be obtained as a by-product of the pulp and paper industry by the oxidative breakdown of lignin.


regulation of innate immune response

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection.


cellular response to acetaldehyde

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an acetaldehyde stimulus.


sideretin biosynthesis

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sideretin.


name: isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.


name: positive regulation of ecdysone receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of any ecdysone receptor signaling pathway.


histone pre-mRNA DCP binding

description: Binding to the downstream cleavage product (DCP) generated by histone pre-mRNA 3'-end processing.


CCL2-activated CCR2 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the C-C chemokine CCL2 to a C-C chemokine type 2 receptor (CCR2) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


description: The glucuronylation of the N-terminal glycine of proteins to form the derivative D-glucuronyl-N-glycine.


gerfelin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gerfelin.


protein polyamination

description: The modification of a protein amino acid by polyamination.


enniatin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of enniatins, any of various cyclodepsipeptide antibiotics from Fusarium species that function as ionophores.


protein alkylation

description: The addition of an alkyl group to a protein amino acid. Alkyl groups are derived from alkanes by removal of one hydrogen atom.


regulation of cell development

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate.


telomeric D-loop disassembly

description: A telomere loop disassembly process that results in the disassembly of telomeric D-loops. A telomeric D-loop is a three-stranded DNA displacement loop that forms at the site where the telomeric 3' single-stranded DNA overhang (formed of the repeat sequence TTAGGG in mammals) is tucked back inside the double-stranded component of telomeric DNA molecule, thus forming a t-loop or telomeric-loop and protecting the chromosome terminus.


name: pyrimidine ribonucleoside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any ribonucleoside, a nucleoside in which a pyrimidine base is linked to a ribose (beta-D-ribofuranose) molecule.


name: ligand-gated ion channel signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a ligand-gated ion channel on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a ligand-gated ion channel and ends with a molecular function that directly regulates a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


protein K29-linked deubiquitination

description: A protein deubiquitination process in which a K29-linked ubiquitin chain, i.e. a polymer of ubiquitin formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 29 of the ubiquitin monomers, is removed from a protein.


name: potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of potassium ions (K+) from one side of a membrane to the other.


guanyl deoxyribonucleotide binding

description: Binding to a guanyl deoxyribonucleotide, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the deoxyribose moiety.


pheromone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving pheromones, a substance that is secreted and released by an organism and detected by a second organism of the same or a closely related species, in which it causes a specific reaction, such as a definite behavioral reaction or a developmental process.


name: negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity.


glucuronoxylan catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a glucuronoxylan.


cardiac muscle contraction

description: Muscle contraction of cardiac muscle tissue.


name: regulation of collagen catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of collagen catabolism. Collagen catabolism is the proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix.


name: protein maturation by [2Fe-2S] cluster transfer

description: The transfer of an assembled [2Fe-2S] cluster from a scaffold protein to an acceptor protein that contributes to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein.


protein deacylation

description: The removal of an acyl group, any group or radical of the form RCO- where R is an organic group, from a protein amino acid.


L-arabinose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-arabinose, the D-enantiomer of arabino-pentose. L-arabinose occurs free, e.g. in the heartwood of many conifers, and in the combined state, in both furanose and pyranose forms, as a constituent of various plant hemicelluloses, bacterial polysaccharides etc.


regulation of DNA damage checkpoint

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a DNA damage checkpoint.


name: regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast apoptotic process.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone, the gamma-lactone (5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2(5H)-one.


monocyte migration into blood stream

description: The movement of a monocyte from the bone marrow to the blood stream.


name: inorganic triphosphate phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + inorganic triphosphate = diphosphate + phosphate.


mesonephric duct formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a mesonephric duct. A mesonephric duct is a tube that drains the mesonephros.


appressorium maturation

description: The process in which specialized features of the symbiont appressorium are acquired post initiation, to aid in infection of the host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


lipid phosphorylation

description: The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into a lipid, any member of a group of substances soluble in lipid solvents but only sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents.


name: biotin carboxyl carrier protein biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the biotin carboxyl carrier protein, a subunit of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase.


N-terminal protein palmitoylation

description: The covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to the N-terminal amino acid residue of a protein.


regulation of cell adhesion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix.


S-adenosylmethionine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of S-adenosylmethionine, S-(5'-adenosyl)-L-methionine, an important intermediate in one-carbon metabolism.


cytoplasmic alanyl-tRNA aminoacylation

description: The process of coupling alanine to alanyl-tRNA, catalyzed by alanyl-tRNA synthetase involved in cytoplasmic translation.


enterobactin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving enterobactin, a catechol-derived siderochrome of Enterobacteria; enterobactin (N',N',N''-(2,6,10-trioxo-1,5,9-triacyclodecane-3,7,11-triyl)tris(2,3-dihydroxy)benzamide) is a self-triester of 2,3-dihydroxy-N-benzoyl-L-serine and a product of the shikimate pathway.


name: protein-DNA covalent cross-linking repair

description: The removal of covalent cross-link between DNA and a protein.


cell motility

description: Any process involved in the controlled self-propelled movement of a cell that results in translocation of the cell from one place to another.


name: canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of apoptotic process

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in the positive regulation of apoptotic process.


deoxyguanosine salvage

description: Any process that generates deoxyguanosine from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


name: monosaccharide transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a monosaccharide from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3,5-bisphosphate.


female pronucleus assembly

description: Assembly of the haploid nucleus of the unfertilized egg.


name: negative regulation of receptor recycling

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of receptor recycling.


stem cell population maintenance

description: The process by which an organism or tissue maintains a population of stem cells of a single type. This can be achieved by a number of mechanisms: stem cell asymmetric division maintains stem cell numbers; stem cell symmetric division increases them; maintenance of a stem cell niche maintains the conditions for commitment to the stem cell fate for some types of stem cell; stem cells may arise de novo from other cell types.


name: glutamine catabolic process to fumarate, using glutaminase

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glutamine into fumarate, beginning with conversion of glutamine into glutamate catalyzed by the enzyme glutaminase (EC:3.5.1.2).


name: methionine catabolic process via 2-oxobutanoate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methionine, via the intermediate 2-oxobutanoate.


name: anti-Mullerian hormone receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of anti-Mullerian hormone to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Upon ligand binding, the receptor  forms a complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators.


leucoanthocyanidin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving leucoanthocyanidins, a class of colorless intermediates in the biosynthetic pathway of the pigmented flavonoids.


name: fluoride transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of fluoride from one side of a membrane to the other.


anion binding

description: Binding to an anion, a charged atom or group of atoms with a net negative charge.


RNA adenosine-uridine insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of an adenosine-uridine dinucleotide.


name: modulation by virus of host cell division

description: Any process where an infecting virus modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the physical partitioning and separation of its host's cell into daughter cells.


ribitol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ribitol, a pentitol derived formally by reduction of the -CHO group of either D- or L-ribose.


name: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of the C-C chemokine CCL19 to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


RNA surveillance

description: A process that identifies and degrades defective or aberrant RNAs.


CDP-diacylglycerol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of CDP-diacylglycerol, CDP-1,2-diacylglycerol, a substance composed of diacylglycerol in glycosidic linkage with cytidine diphosphate.


FADH2 metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the reduced form of flavin adenine dinucleotide.


name: regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid cell apoptotic process.


ornithine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ornithine, an amino acid only rarely found in proteins, but which is important in living organisms as an intermediate in the reactions of the urea cycle and in arginine biosynthesis.


name: histone H4K16 propionyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H4 L-lysine (position 16) + propionyl-CoA = CoA + H+ + histone H3 N6-propionyl-L-lysyl (position 16).


name: negative regulation of metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism.


T-helper 2 cell cytokine production

description: Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a T-helper 2 cell.


bitter taste receptor activity

description: Combining with soluble bitter compounds to initiate a change in cell activity. These receptors are responsible for the sense of bitter taste.


dihydrobiopterin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a dihydrobiopterin, a reduced pteridine derivative related to folic acid; it acts as an electron carrier in tyrosine biosynthesis and its quinoid form is produced by oxidation of tetrahydrobiopterin in several biological hydroxylation reactions.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + lipopolysaccharide = UDP + 1,5 alpha-D-galactosyl-lipopolysaccharide.


bisphenol A catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of bisphenol A, 4,4'-(propane-2,2-diyl)diphenol, a synthetic, aromatic organic compound used as a monomer in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastic and in the manufacture of epoxy resins.


name: thyroid hormone receptor signaling pathway

description: A nuclear receptor-mediated signaling pathway initiated by a thyroid hormone  binding to an intracellular receptor of the nuclear receptor protein family, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen

description: The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.


name: endonucleolytic cleaveage between LSU-rRNA and 4.5S rRNA of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA)

description: Endonucleolytic cleavage between the LSU-rRNA and the 4.5S rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript.


name: positive regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


name: peptidyl-L-2',4',5'-topaquinone biosynthetic process from peptidyl-tyrosine

description: The modification of protein tyrosine to L-2',4',5'-topaquinone, characteristic of the active site of copper amine oxidases.


fumarate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving fumarate, the anion of trans-1,2-ethenedicarboxylic acid, the diastereoisomer of maleate. It is a key intermediate in metabolism and is formed in the TCA cycle from succinate and converted into malate.


name: negative regulation of hydrolase activity

description: Any process that stops or reduces the rate of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds.


name: negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


name: negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of execution phase of apoptosis.


homogalacturonan catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of homogalacturonan, a pectidic polymer, characterized by a backbone of 1,4-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues that can be methyl-esterified at C-6 and carry acetyl groups on O-2 and O-3.


name: regulation protein catabolic process at postsynapse

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein at the postsynapse.


name: long-chain fatty acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a long-chain fatty acid from one side of a membrane to the other. A long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing 13 to 22 carbons.


phosphorylation

description: The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.


name: catalytic activity, acting on a nucleic acid

description: Catalytic activity that acts to modify a nucleic acid.


phenylmercury acetate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving phenylmercury acetate, an organomercurial compound composed of a mercury atom attached to a benzene ring and an acetate group.


prostanoid receptor activity

description: Combining with a prostanoid, any compound based on or derived from the prostanoate structure, to initiate a change in cell activity.


homomethionine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving homomethionine, a non-protein amino acid synthesized from methionine via chain elongation.


regulation of spindle elongation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cell cycle process in which the distance is lengthened between poles of the spindle.


lutein catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lutein.


name: DNA-directed 5'-3' RNA polymerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'.


dTTP diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dTTP + H2O = dTMP + H+ + diphosphate.


GTPase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + H+ + phosphate.


threonine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.


dAMP salvage

description: Any process which produces a dAMP from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


glucomannan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucomannan, a polysaccharide composed of D-glucose and D-mannose. The mannose units form the backbone structure (a linear main chain) with the D-glucose as single side-units.


thymine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving thymine, 5-methyluracil, one of the two major pyrimidine bases present (as thymidine) in DNA but not found in RNA other than (as ribothymidine) in transfer RNA, where it is a minor base.


name: leukocyte migration involved in immune response

description: The movement of a leukocyte within or between different tissues and organs of the body as part of an immune response.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host programmed cell death

description: A process in which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the normal execution of host programmed cell death, leading to a decrease in the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates), polyesters of 3-hydroxyacids produced as intracellular granules by a large variety of bacteria.


name: regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where activated receptors leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose, an ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre of the heptose. ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose (also called ADP-L-beta-D-heptose or ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose) is a nucleotide-sugar precursor of the inner core lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.


name: amino acid adenylylation by nonribosomal peptide synthase

description: Activation of an amino acid for incorporation into a peptide by a nonribosomal process, catalyzed by subunits of nonribosomal peptide synthase. The amino acid is adenylated at its carboxylate group (ATP-dependent) then transferred to the thiol group of an enzyme-bound phosphopantetheine cofactor.


name: cellular response to molecule of bacterial origin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus by molecules of bacterial origin such as peptides derived from bacterial flagellin.


name: cellular response to human chorionic gonadotropin stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a human chorionic gonadotropin stimulus.


name: establishment of protein localization to mitochondrial membrane involved in mitochondrial fission

description: The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the mitochondrial membrane that contributes to mitochondrial fission.


ecdysteroid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ecdysteroids, a group of polyhydroxylated ketosteroids which initiate post-embryonic development.


name: coenzyme A-peptidyl-cysteine covalent linking

description: The covalent linkage of coenzyme A and peptidyl-cysteine to form L-cysteine coenzyme A disulfide.


fat cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat.


name: negative regulation of erythrocyte differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte differentiation.


name: beta-lactam antibiotic metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a beta-lactam antibiotic, any member of a class of natural or semisynthetic antibiotics whose characteristic feature is a strained, four-membered beta-lactam ring. They include the penicillins and many of the cephalosporins.


toxic metabolite repair

description: A cellular process that, through single- or multi-step enzymatic reactions, repairs toxic endogenous compounds, formed as by-products of primary metabolism, by converting them into useful metabolites.


polysaccharide catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically.


name: AV node cell to bundle of His cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from an AV node cardiac muscle cell to a bundle of His cardiomyocyte.


RNA guanosine-cytidine insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of an guanosine-cytidine dinucleotide.


brexanolone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of brexanolone.


name: glucose catabolic process to pyruvate utilizing ADP

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP and the utilization of ADP in the initial kinase reactions.


name: plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a plasma membrane bounded prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a cilium or axon.


caprolactam catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of caprolactam, hexahydro-2h-azepin-2-one, a cyclic amide of caproic acid.


cellular response to nonane

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nonane stimulus.


alkanesulfonate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alkanesulfonates, the anion of alkanesulfonic acids, sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon group.


name: positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator.


name: regulation of macrophage differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage differentiation.


microtubule severing

description: The process in which a microtubule is broken down into smaller segments. Severing enzymes remove dimers from the middle of the filament to create new ends, unlike depolymerizing kinesins that use ATP to uncap microtubules at their ends.


pentachlorophenol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pentachlorophenol, a chlorinated insecticide and fungicide used primarily to protect timber from fungal rot and wood boring insects. Pentachlorophenol is significantly toxic to mammals, plants, and many microorganisms.


cellular catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells.


thioester biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a thioester, a compound of general formula RC(=O)SR' in which the linking oxygen in an ester is replaced by a sulfur atom. They are the product of esterification between a carboxylic acid and a thiol.


name: insulin-like growth factor receptor activity

description: Combining with insulin-like growth factor receptor ligand and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.


cell death

description: Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as apoptotic bodies). The cell corpse (or its fragments) may be engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo, but engulfment of whole cells should not be considered a strict criteria to define cell death as, under some circumstances, live engulfed cells can be released from phagosomes (see PMID:18045538).


name: secondary active p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters. p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate is the anion of p-aminobenzoyl-glutamic acid.


cellular response to nutrient

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nutrient stimulus.


negative regulation of cell motility

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility.


prolactin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving prolactin, a protein hormone of the anterior pituitary gland that promotes lactation in response to the suckling stimulus of hungry young mammals.


IDP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving IDP, inosine 5'-diphosphate.


cellular response to interleukin-2

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-2 stimulus.


astaxanthin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving astaxanthin.