A branched twelve-residue glucosaminyl group consisting of a linear sequence of D-mannosyl and two N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially beta(1->4) and beta(1->4), to the N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residue at the reducing end of which is linked alpha(1->6) an L-fucosyl residue, while to the mannosyl residue are linked alpha(1->3) and alpha(1->6) two N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->6)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear tetrasaccharide unit and a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear trisaccharide units.


A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose


A glycosyl group consisting of two L-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptopyranosyl residues joined by a (1->7)-linkage.


A glycosyl group consisting of three 4-N-formyl-D-rhamnosaminyl residues corresponding to part of the A and M antigens from Brucella species. Formed formally by loss of the hydroxy group from the reducing-end anomeric carbon of alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->3)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo.


A linear heptasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of two N-acetylgalactosamine residues (one of which is sulfated at the 4-position), two glucuronic acid residues and two galactosyl residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end.


A disaccharide glycosyl group consisting of a 2-O-acetyl-6-deoxy-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-talosyl group linked 1->3 to a beta-D-glucosyl group; it forms the O-antigen terminal section of some of the lipopolysaccharides of Burkholderia pseudomallei and/or Burkholderia mallei, the etiologic agents of melioidosis and glanders, respectively.


A glycosyl group consisting of two alpha-D-mannosyl residues linked (1->2) and modified on the residue distal to the reducing end by a 5-methylthio-D-xylofuranose residue via a (1->4) linkage; corresponds to part of the lipoarabinomannan from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-alpha-D-D-galactosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the beta-D-galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-D-galactosyl residue. Blood group type-III B determinant.


sialylated complex N-glycan group

Any complex N-glycan group that is sialylated at one or more terminal Gal or subterminal GlcNAc moieties.


A branched tridecasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one sialyl residue, three galactosyl residues (one of which is sulfated at position 6), three D-mannosyl residues and five N-acetylglucosamine residues, of which one is sulfated at position 6 and another is at the reducing end and commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl residue. Blood group type-VI A determinant.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,2-alpha-D-mannosyl-1,6-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,2-alpha-D-mannosyl-1,3)-beta-D-mannose.


A glycosyl group consisting of an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl unit linked glycosidically to O-8 of a third N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl residue.


Attached to proteins that are expressed in fungi (PDB 6Q7I) and mammals (PDB 5L0E).


A branched ten-residue glucosaminyl group consisting of a linear sequence of D-mannosyl and two N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially beta(1->4) and beta(1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which are linked alpha(1->3) and alpha(1->6) respectively an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->6)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear tetrasaccharide unit and a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear trisaccharide unit.


A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptopyranose.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of 3-(2,4-bis[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl]-alpha-D-mannosyl)-beta-D-mannose.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-D-galactosyl residue. Blood group type-I B determinant.


N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl groups

A glucosaminyl group having D-configuration and an N-acetyl substituent (and derivatives thereof).


A linear six-residue glucosaminyl group consisting of four D-mannosyl and two N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially alpha(1->2), alpha(1->2), alpha(1->3), beta(1->4) and beta(1->4).


A mannosyl group derived from N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-mannose.


A linear octasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of two iduronic acid residues, one of which is sulfated on O-2,  two glucosamine residues, both sulfated on nitrogen and with one also sulfated at O-3, one glucuronic acid residue, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


An alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl(1-) group in which the anomeric centre at the reducing end has beta-configuration.


A branched dodecasaccharide glycosyl group derived from alpha-D-Ara-(1->5)-[alpha-D-Ara-(1->5)-alpha-D-Ara-(1->3)]-alpha-D-Ara-(1->5)-alpha-D-Ara-(1->5)-alpha-D-Ara-(1->2)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)]-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)-alpha-D-Man


A fucosyl group in which a sialic acid residue (Neu5Ac) is linked alpha(2->3) to a beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc unit which is itself linked beta(1->3) to an L-fucose group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


A linear octasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of two iduronic acid residues, one of which is sulfated on O-2, two glucosamine residues, both sulfated on nitrogen and at O-6 and with one also sulfated at O-3, one glucuronic acid residue, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A galactosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of the branched trisaccharide alpha-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptopyranosyl-(1->2)]-alpha-D-galacturonic acid.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-mannose.


This group is attached to proteins when expressed in mammalian (PDB 2HR7, 3TYG), insect (PDB 4H53), or fungal (PDB 3A5V) cells.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc is linked beta(1->6) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group

A glucosaminyl group having D-configuration and an N-acetyl substituent


A disaccharide glycosyl group consisting of a 4-deoxy-4-formamido-beta-D-quinovose group linked (1->4) to a 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-galacturonamidyl residue at the reducing end.


Attached to proteins that are expressed in insects (PDB 6PZW) and mammals (PDB 6MDT).


A linear octasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of two glucuronic acid residues, one iduronic acid residue sulfated on O-2, two glucosamine residues, both sulfated on nitrogen and with one also sulfated at O-3, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-galactosyl-1,3-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-1,6)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine


A pentasaccharide branched galactosyl group consisting of a linear sequence of N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl, beta-D-galactosyl, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl and D-galactosyl residues, linked (2->3), (1->4) and (1->3), to the N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-L-fucosyl residue. Proposed epitope derived from sialyl-Lewis(x).


A branched hexasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of an alpha-D-mannose residue, a beta-D-glucose residue, two beta-D-mannose residues and an alpha-L-rhamnose residue linked to a beta-D-glucosyl residue at the reducing end.


A glucosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of D-galactosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained formally by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc.


A branched decasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of two alpha-D-mannose residues, four beta-D-mannose residues, one beta-D-glucose residue and two alpha-L-rhamnose residues, one of which is linked to a beta-D-glucosyl residue at the reducing end.


A glycosyl group derived from a beta-D-mannopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-mannopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-mannopyranosyl group by removal of the hydroxy function at C-4 of the residue at the non-reducing end.


beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Xyl-yl group

A disaccharide glycosyl group consisting of a D-galactosyl group linked 1->4 to a D-xylosyl group.


A linear pentasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of one N-acetylgalactosamine residue, one galacturonic acid residue, one fucosyl residue and two galactosyl residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end.


A branched fourteen-residue glucosaminyl group consisting of a linear sequence of D-mannosyl and two N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially beta(1->4) and beta(1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which are linked alpha(1->3) and alpha(1->6) respectively a N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->6)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->6)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)]-alpha-D-mannosyl branched heptasaccharide unit and a N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->6)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear tetrasaccharide unit.


sialosyl group

A glycosyl group derived by removal of the exomeric hydroxy group from any of the sialic acids.


A group obtained by formal removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.


A glucosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose.


The galactosyl group formed from the disaccharide alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-D-galactose.


A mannosyl group derived from (1->2)-beta-D-mannotetraose.


A glucosaminyl group derived from alpha-L-Fuc-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->3)]-beta-D-GlcNAc.


A linear trisaccharide galactosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-alpha-D-D-galactosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3). Blood group type-III H determinant.


The glucosyl group formed from the trisaccharide alpha-N-glycoloylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-D-glucose.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group derived from 6-O-sulfo-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine.


A glucosaminyl group derived from alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-alpha-L-Fuc-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-alpha-L-Fuc-(1->3)]-beta-D-GlcNAc.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of N-acetylbeta-D-glucosaminyl residue having a fucosyl residue attached at the 3-position via a beta-linkage and an alpha-fucosyl-(1->2)-galactosyl disaccharide unit attached at the 4-position, also via a beta-linkage.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which D-Gal is linked beta(1->3) to the D-GalNAc group which has beta-configuration at its anomeric centre.


A fucosyl group in which D-GlcNAc is linked beta(1->3) to  an L-fucose group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->4), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-D-galactosyl residue. Blood group type-II B determinant.


A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->2)-[alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-galactose


A linear tetrasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of two beta-D-mannose residues and an alpha-L-rhamnose residue linked to a glucosyl residue at the reducing end.


A branched trisaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl disaccharide, to the N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-L-fucosyl residue; a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group in which the anomeric configuration of the GlcNAc residue at the reducing end is beta.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-D-galactosyl residue. Blood group type-VI B determinant.


Conjugate base of the alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,3-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl group arising from deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


Attached to proteins that are expressed in bacteria (PDB 1DP5).


A galactosyl disaccharide group formed by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactose.


alpha-D-Galp-(1->4)-D-Galp group

An organyl group consisting of a D-galactopyranose having an alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residue attached at the 4-position, bound at the 1-position.


tri-antennary complex N-glycan group

Any complex N-glycan group that has been fucosylated, and that has three branches with terminal HexNAc moiety.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained formally by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of D-mannosylated alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc. In the structure shown, one of the R atoms represents a D-mannopyranosyl group; all remaining R atoms = H.


A mannosyl group derived from 4-O-sulfo-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannose.


A linear heptasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of two N-acetylgalactosamine residues (one of which is sulfated at the 6-position), two glucuronic acid residues and two galactosyl residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end.


The glycosyl group formed from the disaccharide alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->2)-D-galactose.


A branched tetrasaccharide galactosyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl and two beta-D-galactosyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the non-reducing-end galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosyl residue. Blood group type-V A determinant.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained formally by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-GalpNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fucp-(1->3)]-D-GlcpNAc.


pectic arabinan

Arabinofuranosyl groups which are arabinan side chains of pectin composed of alpha-(1->5)-linked Araf residues, and which can be further branched by alpha-L-Araf units at O-2 and/or O-3.


A branched dodecasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one sialyl residue, three galactosyl residues, three D-mannosyl residues and five N-acetylglucosamine residues, one of which is at the reducing end and commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


Attached to proteins that are expressed in mammals (PDB 5KZC, 6CDE).


A mannosyl group derived from (1->2)-beta-D-mannopentaose.


Attached to proteins that are expressed in fungi (PDB 6Q7J) and mammals (PDB 6QP8).


Attached to proteins that are expressed in mammals (PDB 4NCO).


beta-D-mannosyl group

A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-mannose.


beta-D-galactofuranosyl group

The galactosyl group formed from beta-D-galactofuranose.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which a sialic acid (Neu5Ac) group is linked alpha(2->6) and an alpha-Neu5Ac-(1->3)-Gal group is linked beta(1->3) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


The conjugate base of the alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group; major species at pH 7.3.


alpha-D-mannosyl group

A mannosyl group derived from alpha-D-mannose.


This group is attached to proteins when expressed in mammalian (PDB 6J11)  and fungal (PDB 1SZN) cells.


A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of L-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptopyranose.


A branched sixteen-residue glucosaminyl group consisting of a linear sequence of D-mannosyl and two N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially beta(1->4) and beta(1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which are linked alpha(1->3) and alpha(1->6) respectively an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->6)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-[N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->6)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)]-alpha-D-mannosyl branched heptasaccharide unit and an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->6)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)]-alpha-D-mannosyl branched hexasaccharide unit.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->4), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl residue. Blood group type-II A determinant.


A branched octasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of a linear chain of beta-D-mannose, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues all linked (1->4), to the mannose residue of which are also linked (1->3) and (1->6) respectively a 6-O-phosphono-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl disaccharide unit and an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[6-O-phosphono-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-alpha-D-mannosyl branched trisaccharide unit.


A linear octasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of three glucuronic acid residues, two glucosamine residues, both sulfated on nitrogen, and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-alpha-D-D-galactosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl residue. Blood group type-III A determinant.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-mannose.


A glucosaminyl group derived from alpha-L-Fuc-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc.


A glycosyl group derived from a beta-D-mannopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-mannopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-mannopyranosyl group by removal of the hydroxy function at C-4 of the residue at the reducing end.


A branched tetrasaccharide galactosyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl and two beta-D-galactosyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the non-reducing-end galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-D-galactosyl residue. Blood group type-V B determinant.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which an N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group is linked beta(1->6) and a D-galactosyl unit is linked beta(1->3) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


A (1->2)-beta-linked trimannosyl group corresponding to the minor beta-mannan component of the phosphomannan of clinically important Candida strains.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-mannose.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-galactosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the beta-D-galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-D-galactosyl residue. Blood group type-IV B determinant.


A branched nonasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of a linear chain of beta-D-mannose, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues all linked (1->4), to the mannose residue of which are also linked (1->3) and (1->6) respectively a 6-O-phosphono-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl disaccharide unit and an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-6-O-phosphono-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-alpha-D-mannosyl branched tetrasaccharide unit.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained formally by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-GalpNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fucp-(1->2)-alpha-L-Fucp-(1->3)]-D-GlcpNAc.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-mannose.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which two N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl groups are linked beta(1->3) and beta(1->6) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


The glycosyl group formed formally by loss of the hydroxy group from the reducing-end anomeric carbon of alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->3)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo.


A glycosyl group formed formally by loss of the hydroxy group from the reducing-end anomeric carbon of alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo-(1->2)-alpha-D-Rhap4NFo.


A branched nonasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of a linear chain of beta-D-mannose, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues all linked (1->4), to the mannose residue of which are also linked (1->3) and (1->6) respectively a 6-O-phosphono-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl disaccharide unit and an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-[6-O-phosphono-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)]-alpha-D-mannosyl branched tetrasaccharide unit.


fucosyl group

A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of an fucose (6-deoxygalactose) and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having fucose at the reducing end.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained formally by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of di-(D-mannosylated) alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc. In the structure shown, either two of the R atoms each represent a D-mannopyranosyl group, or one of the R atoms reprsents a di-D-mannosyl group; all remaining R atoms = H.


A linear six-residue glucosaminyl group consisting of beta-D-galactose, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine, alpha-D-mannose, beta-D-mannose, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->4), (1->2), (1->3), (1->4) and (1->4).


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained formally by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-L-Fucp-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc.


galactosaminyl group

A glycosaminyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a galactosamine and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having a galactosamine at the reducing end.


A tetrasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of beta-D-galactosyl, beta-D-N-acetyl-galactosaminyl and D-galactosyl residues linked sequentially (1->3) and (1->4), to the D-galactosyl residue at the reducing end is also linked (2->3) an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl residue.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl residue. Blood group type-I A determinant.


A mannosyl group derived from N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannose.


A (1->2)-beta-linked dimannosyl group corresponding to the minor beta-mannan component of the phosphomannan of clinically important Candida strains.


beta-D-galactosyl groups

Any galactosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-galactose or of an oligosaccharide with beta-D-galactose at its reducing end.


A branched trisaccharide beta-D-galactosyl group obtained by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)]-beta-D-galactose. Part of, and the proposed epitope of, blood group A antigen.


A linear hexasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one N-acetylglucosamine residue, two glucuronic acid residues and two galactose residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end and which is commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


A galactosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactose.


beta-D-galactosyl group

A galactosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-galactose and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having galactose at the reducing end. The unsubstituted parent of the class of beta-D-galactosyl groups.


mannosyl group

The simplest member of the class of mannosyl groups obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a mannose.


A glycosyl group consisting of two N-acetyl-D-galactosyl groups connected via a beta(1->4) linkage.


A fucosyl group in which D-Glc is linked beta(1->3) to an L-fucosyl group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


A branched octasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of one galactosyl residue, three D-mannosyl residues and four N-acetylglucosamine residues, one of which is at the reducing end and commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which D-Gal is linked alpha(1->3) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


A galactosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of the branched tetrasaccharide alpha-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[L-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptopyranosyl-(1->2)-D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptopyranosyl-(1->2)]-alpha-D-galacturonic acid.


high-mannose N-glycan group

An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained formally by removal of the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a high-mannose N-glycan.


ribosyl groups

A glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of a ribose and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having ribose at the reducing end.


A linear hexasaccharide glycosyl group consisting of one N-acetylgalactosamine residue, two glucuronic acid residues and two galactosyl residues linked to a xylosyl residue at the reducing end.


A branched decasaccharide glycosyl group consisisting of two galactosyl residues, three D-mannosyl residues and five N-acetylglucosamine residues, one of which is at the reducing end and commonly bonded to an amino acid residue.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which a sialic acid residue (Neu5Ac) is linked alpha(2->6) and a galactosyl group beta(1->3) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


An amino hexasaccharide that is MAN-3 glycan, alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcpNAc, in which a hydroxy group in one of the terminal mannosyl groups has undergone glycosylation with a molecule of D-mannopyranose. The position of the additional mannosyl group is not known. In the structure shown, one of the R atoms represents a D-mannopyranosyl group; all remaining R atoms = H.


A 3-hydroxy fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (3R)-3-hydroxytetracosanoic acid [(R)-3-hydroxylignoceric acid].


((13)C)carbon dioxide

A (13)C-modified compound that is carbon dioxide in which the carbon is present as its (13)C isotope.


ammonium dihydrogen phosphate

The ammonium salt of phosphoric acid (molar ratio 1:1).


(2S)-2-isopropylmalic acid

An optically active form of 2-isopropylmalic acid having S-configuration.


An alpha-L-fucoside resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group at position 2 of D-mannitol with alpha-L-fucose.


An O-(S-acylpantetheine-4'-phosphoryl)serine(1-) residue in which the S-acyl group is specified as hexanoyl.


pyridinium chlorochromate

A pyridinium salt having chlorochromate as the counterion. It is used as an oxidizing agent to convert primary and secondary alcohols to aldehydes and ketones respectively.


lificiguat

A member of the class of indazoles that is 1H-indazole which is substituted by a benzyl group at position 1 and a 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furyl group at position 3. It is an activator of soluble guanylate cyclase and inhibits platelet aggregation.


L-topaquinone(1-) residue

An organic anionic group obtained by deprotonation of the hydroxy group of L-topaquinone residue. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).


name: 2-furancarboxylic acid [4-(6-amino-5-cyano-3-propan-2-yl-2,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl] ester


2-furoate ester

Any carboxylic ester where the carboxylic acid component is 2-furoic acid.


name: 2-furancarboxylic acid [4-(6-amino-5-cyano-3-methyl-2,4-dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol-4-yl)phenyl] ester


A glycoside consisting of D-ribitol having a alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->3)-alpha-L-rhamnosyl moiety attached at the 3-position.


(CHLOROMETHYL)BENZENE

A member of the class of  benzyl chlorides that is toluene substituted on the alpha-carbon with chlorine.


benzyl chlorides

Any benzyl halide containing a (chloromethyl)benzene skeleton.


p-nitrobenzyl chloride

A C-nitro compound that is nitrobenzene in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced by a chloromethyl group.


A lipid A where the free primary hydroxy group of lipid A has a branched nonasaccharide attached.


A branched amino tetrasaccharide consisting of beta-D-galactose at the reducing end having an N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)]-beta-D-galactosyl moiety attached at the 4-position.


A 1,3,5-triphenylcyclohexane in which two phenyl groups are on the same side of the cyclohexane ring and the third phenyl group is on the opposite side.


tertiary carboxamide

A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with a secondary amine; formula RC(=O)NHR(1)R(2).


tolvaptan

A member of the class of benzazepines that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1-benzazepine substituted by 2-methyl-4-(2-methylbenzamido)benzoyl, hydroxy, and chloro groups at positions 1, 5, and 7, respectively.


trofinetide

A tripeptide comprising of glycine, 2-methyl-L-proline, and L-glutamic acid joined in sequence by peptide linkages.  It is the first and only treatment approved by the FDA specifically indicated for Rett syndrome in adults and pediatric patients two years of age and older.


FURILAZOLE

A member of the class of oxazolidines that is 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidine which is substituted by a dichloroacetyl group at position 3 and by a furan-2-yl group at position 5.


A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which one of the nitrogens is substituted with a formyl group, while the other is substituted with a dichloroacetyl group. An antispermatogenic agent.


(S)-furilazole

A 2,2-dichloro-1-[5-(furan-2-yl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]ethanone that has (S)-configuration.


isoflucypram

A tertiary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-(difluoromethyl)-5-fluoro-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid with the amino group of N-[5-chloro-2-(propan-2-yl)benzyl]cyclopropanamine. It is a broad spectrum fungicide developed by Bayer that exhibits high efficacy against the major fungal diseases of cereal crops (wheat, triticale, rye, barley and oats).


A member of the class of benzotriazoles that is 1H-benzotriazole which is substituted by a 2-{[4-(2-methylpropanamido)phenyl][(thiophen-3-yl)methyl]amino}-2-oxoethyl group at position 1. It is a 3C-like protease inhibitor of SARS-CoV and bat coronavirus HKU4.


A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the primary amino group of 5-cyclopropyl-1H-pyrazol-3-amine with the carboxy group of (2S)-2-phenylpropanoic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted at the para position by a 2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl group. A CDK2 inhibitor with antineoplastic activity.


A sulfonamide resulting from the formal condensation of the sulfonic acid group of 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-6-sulfonic acid with the primary amino group of (2R)-2-amino-N-(2-furylmethyl)-2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-N-(2-thienylmethyl)acetamide. OSMI-1 is a cell permeable inhibitor of O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (O-GlcNAc transferase, OGT).


A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol substituted by a 11-[butyl(methyl)amino]-11-oxoundecyl group at position 7R. It is a steroidal antioestrogen that inhibits the cell proliferation of breast-carcinoma cell lines.


(R)-tolvaptan

The (R)-enantiomer of tolvaptan.


tiapyrachlor

A member of the class of 1,3-thiazoles that is 1,3-thiazole substituted by pyridin-3-yl, chloro, and ethyl[3-(methylsulfonyl)propanoyl]amino groups at positions 2, 4 and 5, respectively. It is an insecticide developed by Corteva that has excellent activity against sap-feeding insects.


A member of the class of benzotriazoles that is 1H-benzotriazole which is substituted by a 2-oxo-2-{(4-propanamidophenyl)[(thiophen-3-yl)methyl]amino}ethyl group at position 1.  It is a 3C-like protease inhibitor of SARS-CoV and bat coronavirus HKU4.


An N-acylpiperidine that is N-acetyl 4-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)piperidine in which the thiazole ring is substituted at position 4 by a 5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl group and in which one of the hydrogens of the acetyl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl group.


carfentanil

A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of methyl 4-anilino-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidine-4-carboxylate with propanoic acid.


A triazolopyridine that is 3H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-b]pyridine substituted by a 4-{(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)[(3R)-piperidin-3-yl]carbamoyl}phenyl group at position 3. It is a potent inhibitor of PCSK9.


A 1-(phenanthren-2-ylcarbonyl)piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid that has 2R,3S-configuration.


An L-lysine derivative that is L-lysine in which the hydrogens attached to N(6) is substituted by methyl and acetyl groups.


name: 2-amino-5-[diethylamino(oxo)methyl]-4-methyl-3-thiophenecarboxylic acid propan-2-yl ester


LOFENTANIL

The carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of methyl 4-anilino-3-methyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidine-4-carboxylate with propanoic acid.


ximelagatran

A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted into the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted to the corresponding hydroxylamine. Tautomeric with the oxime form of ximelagatran.


(R)-furilazole

A 2,2-dichloro-1-[5-(furan-2-yl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]ethanone that has (R)-configuration.


pipobroman

An N-acylpiperazine that is piperazine in which each of the nitrogens has been acylated by a 3-bromopropionoyl group. An anti-cancer drug.


An N-acylpiperidine that is piperidin-4-amine substituted at position 1 by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group.


nirmatrelvir

An azabicyclohexane that is (1R,5S)-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane substituted by {(1S)-1-cyano-2-[(3S)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl]ethyl}aminoacyl, 3-methyl-N-(trifluoroacetyl)-L-valinamide, methyl and methyl groups at positions 2S, 3, 6 and 6, respectively. It is the first orally administered inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease developed by Pfizer and used in combination with ritonavir for the treatment of COVID-19.


AZD1979 oxetane hydrolysis product

A diol resulting from hydrolysis of the oxetane ring of AZD1979.


quinaprilat

A dicarboxylic acid resulting from the hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group of quinapril to give the corresponding dicarboxylic acid. The active angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) of the prodrug quinapril.


A monochlorobenzene that is benzene substituted by (chloroacetyl){2-oxo-2-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]-1-(thiophen-2-yl)ethyl}amino, chloro and methoxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a covalent inhibitor of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) that induces ferroptosis in cells.


An isoquinolol that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-4-ol in which the hydrogen of the secondary amine  is substituted by a 3-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl)benzoyl group.


quinapril

A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.


A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 3-chloro-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide in which the amide nitrogen is substituted by trans-4-(methylamino)cyclohexyl and 3-(pyridin-4-yl)benzyl groups. A smoothened (Smo)  receptor agonist that antagonizes cyclopamine action at the Smo receptor. Activates the Hedgehog signaling pathway in a Patched independent manner.


A 1-(phenanthren-2-ylcarbonyl)piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid that has 2S,3R-configuration.


(R)-oxathiapiprolin

A 1-(4-{4-[5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone that has R configuration at position 5 of the 4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazole ring.


(S)-tolvaptan

The (S)-enantiomer of tolvaptan.


narlaprevir

An azabicyclohexane that is (1R,5S)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane substituted by [(3S)-1-(cyclopropylamino)-1,2-dioxoheptan-3-yl]aminoacyl and N-({1-[(tert-butylsulfonyl)methyl]cyclohexyl}carbamoyl)-3-methyl-L-valyl groups at positions 2S and 3, respectively. It is a hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A serine protease inhibitor (Ki = 6 nM) that is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C.


BUTACHLOR

An aromatic amide that is 2-choro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide in which the amide nitrogen has been replaced by a butoxymethyl group.


althiomycin

A peptide antibiotic isolated from soil and enteric bacteria. It is a protein synthesis inhibitor which exhibits antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.


DYSIDENIN

A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (4S)-5,5,5-trichloro-N-methyl-N-[(3S)-4,4,4-trichloro-3-methylbutanoyl]-L-leucine with the amino group of (1S)-1-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)ethanamine. It is a marine metabolite initially isolated from the sponge dysidea herbacea.


name: 4-[dimethylamino(oxo)methyl]-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester


(S)-oxathiapiprolin

A 1-(4-{4-[5-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl}piperidin-1-yl)-2-[5-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone that has S configuration at position 5 of the 4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazole ring.


promysalin

A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S)-1-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of (2R,8R)-2,8-dihydroxytetradecanamide. It is a metabolite isolated from Pseudomonas putida, , which resides in the rhizosphere of rice plants. The compound selectively inhibits the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at low-micromolar concentrations.


A sulfone that is benzene substituted by [4-(dimethylcarbamoyl)phenyl]sulfonyl, chloro and [(2R)-3,3,3-trifluoro-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl]amino groups at positions 1, 3 and 4, respectively. It is a potent and non-ATP-competitive inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2 (PDHK2) with IC50 of 6.4 nM and exhibits glucose-lowering activity. Also inhibits PDHK1 at higher levels (IC50 = 36.8 nM).


fezolinetant

A triazolopyrazine that is 5,6,7,8-tetrahydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazine substituted by 3-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl, 4-fluorobenzoyl and methyl groups at positions 3, 7, and 8R, respectively. It is a prescription medicine used to reduce moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms due to menopause.


name: 1-methyl-4-[2-oxo-2-(N-(phenylmethyl)anilino)ethyl]-5-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrolecarboxylic acid propan-2-yl ester


leniolisib

A pyridopyrimidine that is 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropyrido[4,3-d]pyrimidine substituted by [(3S)-1-propanoylpyrrolidin-3-yl]amino and 6-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-3-yl groups at positions 4 and 6, respectively.


A tertiary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of phenanthrene-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid.


A tertiary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation between of the carboxy group of p-octylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 4-hydroxypiperidine.


ivosidenib

A tertiary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of (2S)-1-(4-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid with the secondary amino group of (2S)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-(3,3-difluorocyclobutyl)-2-[(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)amino]acetamide. It is approved by the FDA for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in patients with an isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) mutation.


acalabrutinib

A member of the class of imidazopyrazines that is imidazo[1,5-a]pyrazine substituted by 4-(pyridin-2-ylcarbamoyl)phenyl, (2S)-1-(but-2-ynoyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl, and amino groups at positions 1, 3 and 8, respectively. It is an irreversible second-generation Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor that is approved by the FDA for the treatment of adult patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) who have received at least one prior therapy.


diloxanide furoate

A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of furan-2-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of 2,2-dichloro-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-N-methylacetamide. It is a drug used for the treatment of asymptomatic amebiasis.


A member of the class of pyrrolopyrazoles that is 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole substituted by 2,4-difluorobenzyl and 4-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrimidin-2-yl groups at positions 2 and 5, respectively. It targets the AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit and exhibits potent effects in restoring neurological function and myelination in  mouse models for multiple sclerosis.


ONALESPIB

A member of the class of isoindoles that is isoindole in which the amino group has been acylated by a 2,4-dihydroxy-5-isopropylbenzoyl group and in which position 5 of the isoidole moiety has been substituted by a (4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl group. A second-generation Hsp90 inhibitor.


orthosulfamuron

An N-sulfonylurea and sulfuric amide resulting from the formal condensation of sulfuric acid with the primary amino group of 1-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)urea and with the primary amino group of 2-amino-N,N-dimethylbenzamide (1 mol eq. of each). An acetolactate synthase inhibitor, it is used as a pre- and post-emergent herbicide for the treatment of grasses and broad-leaved weeds in rice crops.


deoxyallose derivative

A deoxyhexose derivative that is formally obtained from a deoxyallose.


A ketohexose that is 1,2,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexan-3-one having L-xylo-configuration.


butyryl-CoA

A short-chain fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of butyric acid.


DIMETRIDAZOLE

A C-nitro compound that is 5-nitroimidazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 2 are replaced by methyl groups. An antiprotozoal drug, it has been banned by both the Government of Canada and the European Union as a livestock feed additive owing to  suspicions of it being carcinogenic.


A tetradecanediol that is tetradecane carrying hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 5.


gelatin

A mixture of peptides and proteins produced by partial hydrolysis of collagen extracted from the skin, bones, and connective tissues of animals such as domesticated cattle, chicken, pigs, and fish.


catecholamine

4-(2-Aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution.


(±)-adrenaline

A catecholamine in which the aminoethyl side-chain is hydroxy-substituted at C-1 and methylated on nitrogen.


levisoprenaline

An optically active phenylethanolamine compound having an isopropyl substituent attached to the nitrogen atom.


corbadrine

A catecholamine in which the 2-aminoethyl group is substituted with a hydroxy group at C-1 and a methyl group at C-2, with configurations 1R,2S. A metabolite of alpha-methyl-L-dopa, it is an alpha2-adrenergic agonist and acts as a topical nasal decongestant and vasoconstrictor, most often used in dentistry.


noradrenaline

A catecholamine in which C-1 of the aminoethyl side-chain is hydroxy-substituted.


(+)-adrenaline

The S-enantiomer of adrenaline.


L-NOREPINEPHRINE

The S-enantiomer of noradrenaline.


A lysophosphatidylethanolamine zwitterion in which the remaining acyl group (position not specified) contains 22 carbons and 1 double bond.


N-acetyl-L-methionine sulfoximine

An N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid that is L-methionine sulfoximine in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an acetyl group.


An alkyl,acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the alkyl or acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 contain a total of 44 carbons and 2 double bonds.


(3R)-3,9-dihydroxynonanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 9-hydroxynonanoic acid in which the pro-R hydrogen beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


omega-hydroxy-medium-chain fatty acid

A omega-hydroxy-fatty acid with a chain length ranging from C6 to C12.


3,12-dihydroxylauric acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that consists of lauric (dodecanoic) acid bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 12.


(3R)-3,11-dihydroxyundecanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 11-hydroxyundecanoic acid in which the pro-R hydrogen beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(3R)-3,12-dihydroxylauric acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 12-hydroxylauric acid in which the pro-R hydrogen beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(3R)-3,10-dihydroxydecanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 10-hydroxydecanoic acid in which the pro-R hydrogen beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


boranylidene

The species :BR containing an electrically neutral univalent boron atom with two formally non-bonding electrons.


An alkyl,acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine zwitterion in which the alkyl or acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 contain a total of 16 carbons and no double bonds.


A nicotinamide dinucleotide consisting of NADP zwitterion lacking the 2'-phsopho group and having a (1R)-1-hydroxy-2-oxo-3-phosphonooxypropyl group at position 4 of the nicotinamide fragment.


A branched amino hexasaccharide consisting of D-galactose at the reducing end with an alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->4)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl moiety attached at the 3-position.


A branched amino pentasaccharide consisting of the trisaccharide beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galctose where the galactosyl residue at the non-reducing end has alpha-L-fucosyl and N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl residues attached at the 2- and 3-positions respectively.


A member of the class of  benzamides in which benzamide is substituted on nitrogen by a 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethyl group and at the para-position by a 2-hydroxy-4-phenylcyclohexyl group.


Conjugate base of bkos#20


name: kidney collecting duct beta-intercalated cell

category: biolink:Cell biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A renal beta-intercalated cell that is part of the cortical collecting duct. The medullary collecting duct does not contain the renal beta-intercalated cell type.


name: kidney cortex collecting duct intercalated cell

description: Any renal intercalated cell that is part of some cortical collecting duct.


A fatty-acyl group derived from (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoic acid.


An amino tetrasaccharide that is beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc in which the hydroxy group at position 3 of the mannosyl group has been glycosylated by an alpha-D-mannopyranosyl residue.


A pyridinium ion that is the conjugate acid of 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)pyridine, arising from protonation of the pyridine nitrogen.


pedunculosumoside D

A homoflavonoid glycoside that is 5'-prenylophioglonol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the whole plants of Ophioglossum pedunculosum.


desmopressin acetate (anhydrous)

The anhydrous form of the acetic acid salt of desmopressin. Note that the antidiuretic drug commonly known as desmopressin acetate refers to the trihydrate form.


trans-golgicide A

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (3aR,4R,9bS)- and (3aS,4S,9bR)-golgicide A. Commercially available golgicide A is a 10:1 mixture of cis- and trans-golgicide A; the (3aS,4R,9bR) stereoisomer is the most active.


N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine residue

An alpha-amino-acid residue derived from N(omega)-methyl-arginine.


name: 4-methoxybenzoic acid [2-oxo-2-[(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)amino]ethyl] ester


A branched amino decasaccharide consisting of a linear hexasaccharide comprising beta-D-galactose, N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosamine and beta-D-galactose residues, two L-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose (L-alpha-D-Hep) residues and a 3-deoxy-alpha-D-manno-oct-2-ulose (alpha-Kdo) residue linked in sequence (1->3), (1->4), (1->3), (1->3) and (1->5), to the L-alpha-D-Hep residue proximal to the reducing end is also linked (1->4) a beta-D-glucose residue, while the galactose residue also carries an N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->8)-N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminic acid unit via a (2->3) linkage and the alpha-Kdo residue also carries a second alpha-Kdo residue linked (2->-4). One of a number of chemoenzymatically synthesised oligosaccharides composed of the inner core oligosaccharide of Campylobacter jejuni extended by various ganglioside mimics.


2-hydroxyhenicosanoic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid that is henicosanoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


A branched trisaccharide that is beta-D-Galp-(1->3)-beta-D-Glcp in which the hydroxy group at position 4 of the gluocopyranose moiety has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside.


A tetrachlorophenol in which the chlorines are located at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6.


A cell surface polysaccharide expressed by a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and others.


D-serine zwitterion

A serine zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of D-serine.


disubstituted aliphatic (S)-cyanohydrin

Any cyanohydrin that is derived from an aliphatic ketone and has S-configuration.


taltirelin tetrahydrate

A hydrate that is the tetrahydrate form of taltirelin. It activates neuronal cells by promoting the release and turnover of neurotransmitters (acetylcholine, dopamine) and its nerve growth factor-like action. The drug is approved in Japan and used to treat ataxia (daily activities such as gait, eating, and conversation) in patients suffering from spinocerebellar degeneration.


name: 2-[(3R,6aR,8R,10aR)-3-hydroxy-1,2,3,4,6,6a,8,9,10,10a-decahydropyrano[2,3-c][1,5]oxazocin-8-yl]acetic acid methyl ester


CYSTEINE

A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.


D-cysteine

An optically active form of cysteine having D-configuration.


A carboxamide consisting of a 1-hydroxydodecan-2-yl moiety linked via nitrogen to tetracosanamide. A ceramide mimetic, it is composed of a saturated C12-sphingosine mimetic and lignoceric acid (C24:0).


A pyrimidinecarboxamide having the amido groups at the 4- and 6-positions and pyridin-3-ylmethyl as the amide N-substituents.


Phe-Leu zwitterion

A dipeptide zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino terminus of Phe-Leu.


N-iodosuccinimide

A five-membered cyclic dicarboximide compound having an iodo substituent on the nitrogen atom.


Gln-Lys-Arg

A tripeptide composed of L-glutamine, L-lysine, and L-arginine units joined in sequence by peptide linkages.


An aminopiperidine that is piperidin-3-amine substituted by a [(prop-2-en-1-yl)oxy]carbonyl group at position 1.


remifentanil

A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is methyl piperidine-4-carboxylate in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl group and the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted the nitrogen of N-propanoylaniline.


Piperidin-2-one N-protected by t-Boc.


A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is the methyl ester of 4-hydroxypiperidine-3-carboxylic acid.


A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is the methyl ester of 5-hydroxypiperidine-2-carboxylic acid.


pethidine

A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.


A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is the methyl ester of 4-hydroxypiperidine-2-carboxylic acid.


hydroxy fatty acid

Any fatty acid carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.


3-hydroxypropionic acid

A 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the terminal carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.


A valeric acid derivative having an (R)-hydroxy substituent at the 2-position and an (S)-methyl substituent at the 3-position; one of 4 steroisomers of 2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid, generated by isoleucine metabolism. Found at significantly higher levels than normal in patients with maple syrup urine disease (MSUD).


resolvin D2

A member of the class of resolvins that is (4Z,8E,10Z,12E,14E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 7, 16 and 17 (the 7S,16R,17S-stereoisomer).


An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (14R)-14-hydroxypentadecanoic acid in which the 3-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


2-hydroxyoctacosanoic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid that is the 2-hydroxy derivative of octacosanoic acid.


(2R)-2-hydroxytetradecanoic acid

A 2-hydroxymyristic acid having 2R-configuration.


The S enantiomer of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid.


(11R)-11-hydroxylauric acid

An 11-hydroxylauric acid that has R configuration.


A hydroxyoctadecatrienoic acid that consists of 9Z,11E,15Z-octadecatrienoic acid bearing an additional 13-hydroxy substituent.


12,20-dioxoleukotriene B4

A member of the class of leukotrienes that is leukotriene B4 in which the hydroxy group at position 12 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone and the methyl group at position 20 replaced by a hydroxy group.


(2Z)-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoic acid

A 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoic acid in which the double bond between positions 2 and 3 has Z- (trans-) geometry.


(R)-3-hydroxyoctanoic acid

The (R)-enantiomer of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid; an important building block in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields.


A C80 mycolic acid having a C54 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


(3R)-3,22-dihydroxybehenic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is behenic acid (docosanoic acid) in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 3 and and one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl group are replaced by hydroxy groups.


3,18-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that consists of octadecanoic (stearic) acid bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 18.


β-L-hydroxybutyric acid

The S-enantiomer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid; a normal human metabolite, that has been found elevated in geriatric patients remitting from depression.


2-hydroxyheptanoic acid

A monohydroxy fatty acid that is heptanoic acid with a hydroxy group substituted at position C-2.


(13R)-13-hydroxymyristic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is myristic acid in which the 13-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(S)-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid

A C14, long-chain hydroxy fatty acid and enantiomer of the biologically active (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid.


14-hydroxymyristic acid

An omega-hydroxy-long-chain fatty acid that is myristic (tetradecanoic) acid substituted at position 14 by a hydroxy group.


A polyunsaturated fatty acid that is (4Z,9E,11E,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid having an epoxy group across positions 7 and 8 as well as a hydroxy substituent at the 17S-position.


A dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at the 14S- and 21R-positions.


omega-hydroxynonacosanoic acid

A omega-hydroxy fatty acid that is nonacosanoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 29.


DiHOME

A hydroxy fatty acid obtained by formal dihydroxylation across one of the double bonds of any octadecadienoic acid.


hydroxydocosapentaenoic acid

A docosanoid that is any docosapentaenoic acid carrying a single hydroxy substituent on its carbon chain.


A dihydroxydocosapentaenoic acid (DiHDPE) that is (7Z,10Z,13E,14E,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at the 16 and 17-S positions. It is an intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


9-hydroxylauric acid

A hydroxy fatty acid comprising lauric acid carrying a single hydroxy substituent at position 9.


2-hydroxy-4-methylvaleric acid

A valeric acid derivative having a hydroxy substituent at the 2-position and a methyl substituent at the 4-position; an alpha-hydroxy analogue of leucine. A bacterial metabolite, it has also been isolated from amniotic fluid, was found in a patient with dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase deficiency and is present in the urine of patients with short bowel syndrome.


aspirin-triggered resolvin D1

A member of the class of resolvins that consists of docosa-4Z,9E,11E,13Z,15E,19Z-hexaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 7, 8, and 17 (the 7S,8R,17S-stereoisomer).


(19R)-19-hydroxyicosanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is arachidic acid acid in which the 19-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


leptomycin A

A leptomycin having all-trans double bonds and a seventh methyl substituent at position 17.


hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid

A long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid that is any docosahexaenoic acid bearing a single hydroxy substituent. An oxidation product of docosahexaenoic acid metabolism.


(2E,7R)-7-hydroxyoct-2-enoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (2E)-oct-2-enoic acid in which the hydrogen at the 7-pro-R position is replaced by a hydroxy group.


6-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanoic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that consists of caprylic acid bearing two additional methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7 as well as a hydroxy substituent at position 6.


A 13-HODE in which the stereocentre at position 13 has S-configuration.


HODE

Hydroxy-octadecadienoic acids, formed in mammalian cells from the corresponding hydroperoxy compounds (HPODEs).


A monounsaturated fatty acid that is (7Z)-heptadec-7-enoic acid which is substituted by a hydroxy group at position 14 and by oxo groups at positions 10 and 13.


An HODE (hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid) in which the double bonds are at positions 9 and 11 (E and Z geometry, respectively) and the hydroxy group is at position 13 (with S-configuration).


9,10-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A hydroxy-fatty acid formally derived from octacecanoic (stearic) acid by hydroxy substitution at positions 9 and 10.


An optically active form of 6-hydroxy-3-isopropenylheptanoic acid having (3S,6R)-configuration.


(2E,17R)-17-hydroxyoctadec-2-enoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (2E)-octadec-2-enoic acid in which the 17-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


resolvin D4

A member of the class of resolvins that is (6E,8E,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 4, 5 and 17 (the 4S,5R,17S-stereoisomer).


3,4-dihydroxybutyric acid

A omega-hydroxy fatty acid that is butyric acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4 respectively.


13-hydroxytetradecanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is myristic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens at position 13 is replaced by a hydroxy group.


aspirin-triggered resolvin D2

A member of the class of resolvins that is (4Z,8E,10Z,12E,14E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 7, 16 and 17 (the 7S,16R,17R-stereoisomer).


(9Z)-17-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (9Z)-octadec-9-enoic acid (oleic acid) in which a hydrogen at position 17 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


An optically active form of 6-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanoic acid, having (3S,6R)-configuration.


HOME

Any octadecenoic acid bearing a single hydroxy substituent.


A polyunsaturated hydroxy fatty acid that consists of (7Z,10Z,14E,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid bearing a single hydroxy substituent at the 13R-position.


hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is ocatadecanoic acid (stearic acid) in which the aliphatic chain has been substituted by one or more hydroxy groups.


(3R)-3-hydroxy fatty acid

A 3-hydroxy fatty acid in which the carbon at position 3 has R configuration.


(3R,12R)-3,12-dihydroxytridecanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (12R)-12-hydroxytridecanoic acid in which the 3-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(S)-2-hydroxybutyric acid

An optically active form of 2-hydroxybutyric acid having (S)-configuration.


7-oxoresolvin D2

A member of the class of resolvins that is resolvin D2 in which the 7-hydroxy group has undergone formal oxidation to the corresponding ketone.


A omega-hydroxy-fatty acid with a chain length ranging from C23 to C26.


A hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that consists of (4Z,7Z,10Z,14E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid bearing an additional 13-hydroxy substituent.


An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (20R)-20-hydroxyhenicosanoic acid in which the 3-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(3R,21R)-3,21-dihydroxybehenic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is behenic acid (docosanoic acid) in which the pro-R hydrogens at positions 3 and 21 are replaced by hydroxy groups.


(6S)-6-hydroxyheptanoic acid

A 6-hydroxyheptanoic acid that has S configuration at the chiral centre.


(S)-3-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A 3-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid in which the chiral centre has S configuration.


γ-hydroxybutyrate

A 4-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(12R)-12-hydroxytridecanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is tridecanoic acid in which the 12-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(R)-2-hydroxybutyric acid

An optically active form of 2-hydroxybutyric acid having (R)-configuration.


(R)-17-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is octadecanoic acid (stearic acid) in which the 17-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


3-hydroxyhexacosanoic acid

A 3-hydroxy fatty acid that is hexacosanoic (cerotic) acid substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group; a component of bacterial lipopolysaccharides.


(3R,16R)-3,16-dihydroxymargaric acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (16R)-16-hydroxymargaric acid ((16R)-16-hydroxyheptadecanoic acid) in which the 3-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


2,4-dihydroxybutanoic acid

A omega-hydroxy fatty acid that is butyric acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 4 respectively.


(16R)-16-hydroxymargaric acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is heptadecanoic acid in which the 16-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


26-hydroxyhexacosanoic acid

The omega-hydroxy fatty acid obtained by hydroxylation at position 26 of hexacosanoic acid.


13-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A hydroxyoctadecanoic acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at position 13.


2-hydroxy-3-methylhexadecanoic acid

A branched, alpha-hydroxy fatty acid comprising a C16 chain carrying a methyl branch at position 3.


2-hydroxypalmitoleic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid that is (9Z)-hexadecenoic acid which is substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


2-hydroxytricosanoic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid that is tricosanoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoic acid

A hydroxy- and oxo- fatty acid comprising hexanoic acid substituted at C-2 and C-4 with oxo and hydroxy groups respectively.


A 12-HEPE that consists of (5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoic acid in which the 12-hydroxy group has S-configuration.


An octadecanoid that is 9,10-epoxy-(12Z)-octadecenoic acid carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 18.


An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (2E)-heptadec-2-enoic acid in which the 16-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


2-hydroxyhexacosanoic acid

A very long-chain fatty acid that is hexacosanoic (cerotic) acid substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group.


A (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid substituted at position 21 by a hydroxy group.


2-hydroxyerucic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid that is erucic acid which is substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


Any omega-hydroxy-fatty acid which has a chain length greater than C27.


2,2-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid that is  isovaleric acid  bearing two hydroxy substituents at position 2.


(2E,19R)-19-hydroxyicos-2-enoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is trans-2-icosenoic acid in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 19 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


A dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at the 14R- and 21S-positions.


(3R)-3,13-dihydroxytridecanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 13-hydroxytridecanoic acid in which the pro-R hydrogen beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


resolvin

Hydroxy fatty acids that are di- or trihydroxy metabolites of the polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids, particularly icosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid.


A DiHOME obtained by formal dihydroxylation of the 9,10-double bond of octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid (the 12Z-geoisomer).


11-hydroxymyristic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is myristic acid carrying a single hydroxy substituent at position 11.


A docosanoid that is (14E,19Z)-docosa-8,10,12,14,19-pentaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 7, 16 and 17. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators


omega-hydroxy-long-chain fatty acid

A omega-hydroxy-fatty acid with a chain length ranging from C13 to C22.


2-hydroxydodec-2-enoic acid

A hydroxy monounsaturated fatty acid that is dodec-2-enoic acid in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. A minor tautomer of 2-oxododecanoic acid.


(9Z,12Z)-11-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid

A HODE that is linoleic acid carrying a single hydroxy substituent at position 11.


LEPTOMYCIN B

A leptomycin having a (2E,10E,12E,16Z,18E)-double bond configuration as well as an ethyl substituent at position 17.


9-hydroxymyristic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is myristic acid carrying a single hydroxy substituent at position 9.


An ultra-long-chain fatty acid that is (12Z,15Z,18Z,21Z,24Z)-triacontapentaenoic acid substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group.


3-hydroxy capric acid

A medium-chain fatty acid that is decanoic acid substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.


2-hydroxylinoleic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid derived from linoleic acid.


3-hydroxyoctanoic acid

An 8-carbon, beta-hydroxy fatty acid which may be a marker for primary defects of beta-hydroxy fatty acid metabolism. Repeating unit of poly(3-hydroxyoctanoic acid), a biopolymer used by numerous bacterial species as carbon and energy reserves.


6-hydroxy-3-isopropenylheptanoic acid

A branched-chain hydroxy fatty acid consisting of heptanoic acid with an isopropenyl group at the 3-position and the hydroxy group at the 6-position.


16-oxoresolvin D2

A member of the class of resolvins that is resolvin D2 in which the 16-hydroxy group has undergone formal oxidation to the corresponding ketone.


(S)-2-hydroxylauric acid

The (S)-enantiomer of 2-hydroxylauric acid.


(S)-3-hydroxylauric acid

The (S)-enantiomer of 3-hydroxylauric acid.


A hydroxydocosapentaenoic acid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E)-docosapentaenoic acid in which the hydroxy group is located at the 17S-position. The 17S-oxygenated product of omega-6-DPA which possesses anti-inflammatory activity.


10,13-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is octadecanoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 10 and 13.


A 9-HODE in which the 9-hydroxy group has R-stereochemistry.


R. ruber mycolic acid

A forty-six membered mycolic acid consisting of 3-hydroxydotriacontanoic acid having a tetradecyl group at the 2-position.


(3R,19R)-19-dihydroxyicosanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (19R)-19-hydroxyicosanoic acid in which the 3-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


A C85 alpha-mycolic acid produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis having a C58 meromycolic chain with one cis cyclopropyl function, one methoxy function and one methyl subsituent, and a saturated C24 alpha-branch.


(9S,10R)-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid  that is octadecanoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 9 and 10.


(3R,9R)-3,9-dihydroxydecanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (9R)-9-hydroxydecanoic acid in which the 3-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(3R,8R)-3,8-dihydroxynonanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (8R)-8-hydroxynonanoic acid in which the 3-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(S)-3-hydroxypentanoic acid

A 3-hydroxypentanoic acid in which the chiral centre at position 3 has S-configuration.


2-hydroxygondoic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid that is (11Z)-icos-11-enoic acid which carries a hydroxy group at position 2.


10-hydroxymyristic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is myristic acid carrying a single hydroxy substituent at position 10.


(3R)-3,20-dihydroxyicosanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 20-hydroxyicosanoic acid in which the pro-R hydrogen beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(R)-2-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

The (R)-enantiomer of 2-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid.


A 15-HEPE that consists of (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-icosapentaenoic acid in which the 15-hydroxy group has R-configuration.


(12Z)-10-hydroxyoctadec-12-enoic acid

An octadecenoic acid that is (12Z)-octadec-12-enoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 10. It is a metabolite of linoleic acid produced by the gut lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum.


(R)-3-hydroxypentanoic acid

A 3-hydroxypentanoic acid in which the chiral centre at position 3 has R-configuration.


An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (18R)-18-hydroxynonadecanoic acid in which the 3-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(3R,10R)-3,10-dihydroxyundecanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (10R)-10-hydroxyundecanoic acid in which the 3-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(S)-2-acetyl-2-hydroxybutanoic acid

A 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid in which the hydrogens at position 2 are replaced by an acetyl and a hydroxy group (the S enantiomer).


3-hydroxytetracosanoic acid

A 3-hydroxy fatty acid that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of tetracosanoic (lignoceric) acid.


(R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid

A 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid that has R configuration at position 3. It plays an intermediate role in fatty acid biosynthesis.


A docosanoid that is (8E,10E,12Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 7R and 14S. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


A hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that consists of 4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,18E-docosahexaenoic acid bearing an additional 20-hydroxy substituent.


A hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that consists of (4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid bearing an additional 14-hydroxy substituent.


cis-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoic acid

The cis-isomer of 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoic acid.


dihydroxy mycolic acid

A 3-hydroxy fatty acid produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.


HEPE

A long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid that is any icosapentaenoic acid bearing a single hydroxy substituent. An oxidation product of icosapentaenoic acid metabolism.


hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid

Any polyunsaturated fatty acid carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.


2-hydroxyphytanic acid

An alpha-hydroxy fatty acid formed from phytanic acid by bacterial cytochrome P450; and also formed in human peroxisomal disorders.


omega-hydroxy-short-chain fatty acid

A omega-hydroxy-fatty acid with a chain length of less than C6.


A hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that consists of 4Z,7Z,11E,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid bearing an additional 10-hydroxy substituent.


16-hydroxy-10-oxohexadecanoic acid

An omega-hydroxy-long-chain fatty acid that is hexadecanoic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 10 and by a hydroxy group at position 16.


A C20 trienoic hydroxy fatty acid consisting of 8-hydroxyicosa-5,9,14-trienoic acid having an epoxy group at the 11,12-position.


A C78 mycolic acid having a C52 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


(omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is a straight-chain fatty acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon adjacent to the terminal methyl group (i.e. at the (omega-1) position) is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(6R)-6-hydroxyheptanoic acid

A 6-hydroxyheptanoic acid that has R configuration at the chiral centre.


(R)-2-hydroxyhexacosanoic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid that is the (R)-2-hydroxy derivative of hexacosanoic acid.


9,12,13-trihydroxyoctadec-10-enoic acid

A TriHOME that is octadec-10-enoic acid in which the three hydroxy substituents are located at positions 9, 12 and 13.


hydroxy monounsaturated fatty acid

Any monounsaturated fatty acid carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.


A C81 alpha-mycolic acid having a C55 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is trans-2-tetradecenoic acid in which the 13-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


The (13S)-stereoisomer of HOTrE.


3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID, (+/-)-

A straight-chain 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid comprising a butyric acid core with a single hydroxy substituent in the 3- position; a ketone body whose levels are raised during ketosis, used as an energy source by the brain during fasting in humans. Also used to synthesise biodegradable plastics.


A dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at the 14R- and 21R-positions.


2,2,4-trihydroxybutanoic acid

A hydroxybutyric acid that is butyric acid  substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 2 and 4.


(3R)-3,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid

A 3,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid in which the chiral centre has R configuration.


17-hydroxymargaric acid

An omega-hydroxy-long-chain fatty acid that is heptadecanoic acid (margaric acid) in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl group has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


(17R)-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid

A hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that is any docosahexaenoic acid bearing a single hydroxy substituent at the 17R-position.


A diketide with a pentanoic acid structure substituted at the alpha and beta positions by methyl and hydroxy groups respectively.


A polyunsaturated fatty acid that consists of 4Z,6E,10Z-hexadecatrienoic acid bearing an additional 8R-hydroxy substituent.


(R)-2-hydroxy-alpha-linolenic acid

A HOTrE that is alpha-linolenic acid substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group (the R-enantiomer)


2-hydroxynonadecanoic acid

A  2-hydroxy fatty acid that is nonadecanoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


leptomycin

A complex, very long chain, polyunsaturated fatty acid whose core structure comprises 8-oxononadeca-2,10,12,16,18-pentaenoic acid having methyl substituents at positions 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 15 and a 3,6-dihydropyran-6-one-2-yl group at position 19.


(S)-2-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

An optically active form of 2-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid having (S)-configuration.


(3R)-3,19-dihydroxynonadecanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 19-hydroxynonadecanoic acid in which the pro-R hydrogen beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(R)-2-hydroxylauric acid

The (R)-enantiomer of 2-hydroxylauric acid.


A C79 mycolic acid having a C53 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


omega-hydroxy fatty acid

Any member of the class of naturally-occurring straight-chain fatty acids n carbon atoms long with a carboxyl group at position 1 and a hydroxyl at position n (omega).


A hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that consists of 4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,17E,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid bearing an additional 16-hydroxy substituent.


3-hydroxyicosanoic acid

A long-chain fatty acid that is icosanoic acid carrying a 3-hydroxy substituent.


3-hydroxyoctanoic acid

The (S)-enantiomer of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid.


2-hydroxymyristic acid

A  long-chain fatty acid that is a derivative of myristic acid having a hydroxy substituent at C-2.


(R)-2-hydroxyoctacosanoic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid that is the (R)-2-hydroxy derivative of octacosanoic acid.


A HEPE that is (5Z,7E,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 9.


2-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID

A hydroxybutyric acid having a single hydroxyl group located at position 2; urinary secretion of 2-hydroxybutyric acid is increased with alcohol ingestion or vigorous physical exercise and is associated with lactic acidosis and ketoacidosis in humans and diabetes in animals.


(S,S)-9,10-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A 9,10-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid diastereoisomer in which both stereocentres have S configuration.


(2E,8R)-8-hydroxynon-2-enoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (2E)-non-2-enoic acid in which the hydrogen at the 8 pro-R position is replaced by a hydroxy group.


6-hydroxyheptanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is heptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 6 is replaced by a hydroxy group.


2-hydroxyoctanoic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is  caprylic (octanoic) acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


A hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that consists of 4Z,6E,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid bearing an additional 8-hydroxy substituent.


(3R)-3,21-dihydroxyhenicosanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 21-hydroxyhenicosanoic acid in which the pro-R hydrogen beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


A C79 alpha-mycolic acid having a saturated C26 alpha-branch and a C53 meromycolic chain with a distal cis-double bond and a proximal cis-cyclopropyl function. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid

A docosanoid that consists of any docosahexaenoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at unspecified positions.


(2E,18R)-18-hydroxynonadec-2-enoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is nonadecanoic acid which has been dehydrogenated to introduce a double bond with E configuration between positions 2 and 3 and in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 17 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


(10R)-10-hydroxyundecanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is undecanoic acid in which the 10-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


An ultra-long-chain fatty acid that is (13Z,16Z,19Z,22Z)-octacosatetraenoic acid substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group.


A docosanoid that is (7Z,9E,11E,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 13 and 14. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators.


8-hydroxylauric acid

A hydroxy fatty acid comprising lauric acid carrying a single hydroxy substituent at position 8.


HEDE

A hydroxy fatty acid that is any icosadienoic acid bearing a single hydroxy substituent. An oxidation product of icosadienoic acid metabolism.


pinellic acid

A trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid with hydroxy groups at positions C-9, -12, and 13, and an E (cis) double bond at position 10.


A C82 mycolic acid having a C56 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


2-hydroxynonanoic acid

A monohydroxy fatty acid that is nonanoic acid with a hydroxy group substituted at position C-2.


(4R)-4-hydroxypentanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is valeric acid in which the 4-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


omega-hydroxytritriacontanoic acid

An omega-hydroxy fatty acid that is tritriacontanoic acid (C33) acid) substituted by a hydroxy group at position 33.


A C76 mycolic acid having a C50 meromycolic chain and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


(9R)-9-hydroxydecanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is capric acid in which the 9-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


2-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A long-chain fatty acid that is stearic (octadecanoic) acid substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group.


(R,R)-3,17-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (17R)-17-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid ((17R)-17-hydroxystearic acid) in which the 3-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


A dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at the 14S- and 21S-positions.


A hydroxyicosapentaenoic acid that consists of 5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z-icosapentaenoic acid bearing an additional 12-hydroxy substituent.


A DiHDPA obtained by formal dihydroxylation of the 19,20-double bond of docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid.


An optically active form of 6-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloctanoic acid, having (3R,6S)-configuration.


(3R,15R)-3,15-dihydroxypalmitic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (15R)-15-hydroxypalmitic acid in which the 3-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid

A 3-hydroxylated derivative of 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid.


2-hydroxy fatty acid

Any fatty acid with a hydroxy functional group in the alpha- or 2-position.


(9E)-12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is (9E)-octadec-9-enoic (elaidic) acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 12.


2-hydroxylauric acid

A monohydroxy fatty acid with a lauric acid core substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group, which confers chirality; a component of cellular lipids in Pseudomonas strains.


A hydroxyicosapentaenoic acid that consists of 5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,16E-icosapentaenoic acid with the hydroxy group located at position 18.


5-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A hydroxyoctadecanoic acid that is octadecanoic acid (stearic acid) in which one of the hydrogens at position 5 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


2-hydroxyarachidic acid

A long-chain fatty acid that is arachidic (icosanoic) acid substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group.


(R)-10-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is octadecanoic acid (stearic acid) in which the pro-R hydrogen has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


(S)-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid

The (S)-enantiomer of 2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid. Derived from the metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids, it belongs to the 2-hydroxycarboxylic acid group of amino acid metabolites.


(2S)-2-hydroxytetradecanoic acid

A 2-hydroxymyristic acid having 2S-configuration.


11-hydroxylauric acid

A medium-chain fatty acid that is lauric acid substituted at position 11 by a hydroxy group.


3-hydroxypentanoic acid

A short-chain fatty acid that is valeric acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


(9R,10S)-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is octadecanoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 9R and 10S.


8-oxoresolvin D1

A resolvin that is docosa-4Z,9E,11E,13Z,15E,19Z-hexaenoic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 7 and 17 positions as well as an oxo group at the 8-position (the 7S,17S-stereoisomer).


A hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that consists of 4Z,7Z,9E,13Z,16Z,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid with the hydroxy group located at position 11.


A trienoic fatty acid that consists of heptadeca-5,8,10-trienoic acid bearing an additional 12-hydroxy substituent.


3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid

A 3-hydroxy fatty acid that is tetradecanoic (myristic) acid substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group


A C78 alpha-mycolic acid having a C52 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


2-hydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid

A branched-chain fatty acid that is 3-methylpentanoic acid carrying a hydroxy substitutent at position 2.


12,18-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A long-chain fatty acid that is octadecanoic (stearic) acid substituted at positions 12 and 18 by hydroxy groups.


A HEPE that consists of (5Z,8Z,12E,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoic acid in which the hydroxy group is located at position 11.


(3R)-3,18-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 8-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid (18-hydroxystearic acid1) in which the pro-R hydrogen beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(3S,4S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyldecanoic acid

A 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 3-hydroxydecanoic acid substituted by a methyl group at position 4 (the 3S,4S stereoisomer).


2-hydroxyoleic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid that is  oleic acid  which carries a hydroxy group at position 2. It is an orally bioavailable synthetic hydroxylated fatty acid which modulates the lipid content of cancer cell membranes and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several cancer cell lines.


A C80 mycolic acid having a C54 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


HOTrE

A long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid that is any octadecatrienoic acid bearing a single hydroxy substituent. An oxidation product of octadecatrienoic acid metabolism.


(9Z)-16-hydroxyhexadec-9-enoic acid

An omega-hydroxy-long-chain fatty acid that is palmitoleic acid [(9Z)-16-hexadec-9-enoic acid) which is substituted by a hydroxy group at the terminal carbon.


A C80 alpha-mycolic acid having a C54 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


10-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is octadecanoic acid carrying a hydroxy group at position 10.


An octadecanoid that is 12,13-epoxy-(9Z)-octadecenoic acid carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 18.


9,10-epoxy-18-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

An epoxy fatty acid that is 9,10-epoxyoctadecanoic acid (9,10-epoxystearic acid) carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 18.


3,4-dihydroxy-4-methylhexadecanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that consists of palmitic acid bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 and a methyl substituent at position 4.


(3R)-3,22-dihydroxytricosanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is tricosanoic acid in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 3 and and one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl group are replaced by hydroxy groups.


An (omega-1)-hydroxy-long-chain fatty acid that is the conjugate base of (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid which has been substituted at position 17 by a hydroxy group.


2,3-dihydroxybutanoic acid

A  hydroxybutyric acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively.


aspirin-triggered resolvin D4

A member of the class of resolvins that is (6E,8E,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 4, 5 and 17 (the 4S,5R,17R-stereoisomer).


An epoxy fatty acid that is (9Z)-11-hydroxyoctadecenoic acid in which the epoxy group is located across positions 12 and 13.


omega-hydroxyhentriacontanoic acid

An omega-hydroxy fatty acid that is hentriacontanoic acid (a C31 acid) substituted by a hydroxy group at position 31.


A hydroxyicosapentaenoic acid that consists of 5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z-eicosapentaenoic acid bearing an additional 15-hydroxy substituent.


A hydroxydocosapentaenoic acid that is (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosapentaenoic acid in which the hydroxy group is located at position 20.


(3R)-3,17-dihydroxymargaric acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 17-hydroxymargaric acid (17-hydroxyheptadecanoic acid) in which the pro-R hydrogen beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


9-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid

A 9-HODE in which the 9-hydroxy group has S-stereochemistry.


10-hydroxylauric acid

A hydroxy fatty acid comprising lauric acid carrying a single hydroxy substituent at position 10.


(2E,9R)-9-hydroxydec-2-enoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is trans-2-decenoic acid in which the hydrogen at the 9-pro-R position is replaced by a hydroxy group.


3-hydroxylauric acid

A medium-chain fatty acid that is the 3-hydroxylated derivative of lauric acid;  associated with fatty acid metabolic disorders.


A HODE that consists of 9Z,11E-octadecadienoic acid carrying a 13-hydroxy substituent.


5-hydroxyhexanoic acid

A medium-chain fatty acid that is hexanoic acid substituted at position 5 by a hydroxy group.


omega-hydroxyheptacosanoic acid

A omega-hydroxy fatty acid that is  heptacosanoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 27.


(R)-2-hydroxylignoceric acid

A very long-chain fatty acid that is lignoceric acid bearing an (R)-2-hydroxy substituent.


(5R)-5-hydroxyhexanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is caproic acid in which the 5-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


2-hydroxyheptadecanoic acid

A 2-hydroxy fatty acid that is heptadecanoic acid (margaric acid) substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


(3R,13R)-3,13-dihydroxymyristic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (13R)-13-hydroxymyristic acid in which the 3-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(R)-3-hydroxylauric acid

The (R)-enantiomer of 3-hydroxylauric acid. An intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis.


3,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that consists of palmitic acid bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 16.


(2E,12R)-12-hydroxytridec-2-enoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (2E)-tridec-2-enoic acid in which the 12-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


9-hydroxystearic acid

A hydroxyoctadecanoic acid that is octadecanoic acid (stearic acid) which has been substituted by a hydroxy group at position 9.


9,10-epoxy-17-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

An epoxy fatty acid that is 9,10-epoxyoctadecanoic acid (9,10-epoxystearic acid) carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 17.


2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoic acid

A 5-carbon, bis-unsaturated, alpha-hydroxy fatty acid metabolite of the proteobacterium substrate 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoic acid (HOPDA).


A hydroxyeicosadienoic acid that consists of 11Z,13E-eicosatrienoic acid bearing a 15-hydroxy substituent. It is produced by non-enzymatic oxidation of 11,14-eicosadienoic acid. There are no reports in the literature of biological activity associated with 15-HEDE.


(3R)-3,15-dihydroxypentadecanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 15-hydroxypentadecanoic acid in which the pro-R hydrogen beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


3-hydroxyheptanoic acid

A 3-hydroxy fatty acid that is heptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 3 is replaced by a hydroxy group.


3-hydroxy fatty acid

Any fatty acid with a hydroxy functional group in the beta- or 3-position. beta-Hydroxy fatty acids accumulate during cardiac hypoxia, and can also be used as chemical markers of bacterial endotoxins.


(8R)-8-hydroxynonanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is nonanoic acid in which the 8-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(2E,6R)-6-hydroxyhept-2-enoic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is trans-2-heptenoic acid in which the 6-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


aspirin-triggered resolvin D3

A member of the class of resolvins that is (5Z,7E,9E,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 4, 11 and 17 (the 4S,11R,17R-stereoisomer)


9-hydroxyundec-10-enoic acid

A hydroxy monounsaturated fatty acid that is undec-10-enoic acid which is substituted by a hydroxy group at position 9. It has been isolated from the leaves of Corchorus olitorius, also known as the medicinal foodstuff moroheiya.


(3R)-3,14-dihydroxymyristic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 17-hydroxymyristic acid in which the pro-R hydrogen beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


A dihydroxydocosapentaenoic acid (DiHDPE) that is (7Z,11E,13E,15Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid in which the hydrogens at the 10 pro-R and 17 pro-S positions have been replaced by hydroxy groups. It is an intermediate of specialized proresolving mediators.


12-(octadecanoyloxy)octadecanoic acid

A fatty acid ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of octadecanoic acid with the hydroxy group of 12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid.


TriHOME

A trihydroxyoctadecenoic acid metabolite of linoleic acid formed by formal hydroxylation across one of the double bonds of hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acids (HPODEs).


The (R)-enantiomer of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid.


A DiHOME obtained by formal dihydroxylation of the 12,13-double bond of octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid (the 9Z-geoisomer).


A dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that is (4Z,8E,10Z,12E,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at the 7S- and 14S-positions.


18-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

An omega-hydroxy-long-chain fatty acid that is octadecanoic (stearic) acid in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl group has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


17-oxoresolvin D1

A resolvin that is docosa-4Z,9E,11E,13Z,15E,19Z-hexaenoic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 7 and 8 positions as well as an oxo group at the 17-position (the 7S,8R-stereoisomer).


(R)-2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid

The (R)-enantiomer of 2-hydroxy-4-methylpentanoic acid. Found in patients with short-bowel syndrome (an inborn error of metabolism), and in maple syrup urine disease, MSUD.


(18R)-18-hydroxynonadecanoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is nonadecanoic acid in which the 18-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


(3R,22R)-3,22-dihydroxytricosanoic acid

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is tricosanoic acid in which the pro-R hydrogens at positions 3 and 22 are replaced by hydroxy groups.


4-deoxythreonic acid

The (2S,3R)-stereoisomer of 2,3-dihydroxybutanoic acid.


2-hydroxyhexanoic acid

A hydroxy fatty acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


(2E,15R)-15-hydroxyhexadec-2-enoic acid

An (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid that is (E)-hexadec-2-enoic acid in which the 15-pro-R hydrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


A 9,10-epoxy-18-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid in which the chiral centres at positions 9 and 10 have R- and S-configuration respectively.


(R)-2-hydroxynonanoic acid

A nine-carbon straight-chain (2R)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid.


An optically active form of 6-hydroxy-3-isopropenylheptanoic acid having (3R,6R)-configuration.


resolvin D3

A member of the class of resolvins that is (5Z,7E,9E,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 4, 11 and 17 (the 4S,11R,17S-stereoisomer).


DiHDPE

A hydroxy fatty acid obtained by formal dihydroxylation across one of the double bonds of any docosahexaenoic acid.


(S)-4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoic acid

An optically active form of 4-hydroxy-2-oxohexanoic acid having 4S-configuration.


A docosanoid that is (15E,19Z)-docosa-9,11,13,15,19-pentaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 7S, 8 and 17S. An intermediate of specialised proresolving mediators


A HODE that consists of (10E,12Z)-octadecadienoic acid with the hydroxy substituent located at position 9.


soppiline A

A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is icosanoic acid carrying a hydroxy group at position 3R, methyl group at position 18, cis double bonds at positions 5 and 9, and trans double bonds at positions 7 and 18.