fumiquinazoline C biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the indole alkaloid fumiquinazoline C.


name: symbiont-mediated disruption of host cell envelope

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The process in which a symbiont effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host cell envelope. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a type I interferon-mediated signaling in the host organism. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.


name: iron incorporation into iron-sulfur cluster via tetrakis-L-cysteinyl tetrairon tetrasulfide

description: The incorporation of iron into a 4Fe-4S iron-sulfur cluster via tetrakis-L-cysteinyl tetrairon tetrasulfide.


salicylic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving of salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid), a derivative of benzoic acid.


name: L-threonine catabolic process to propionate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form the compound propionate.


name: cellular response to L-phenylalanine derivative

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-phenylalanine derivative stimulus.


heptadec-1-ene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving heptadec-1-ene.


acetoin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetoin, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone.


CDP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving CDP, cytidine (5'-)diphosphate.


O-glycan processing, core 5

description: The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 5 O-glycan structure, GalNAc-alpha-(1->3)-GalNAc.


name: malonate(1-) transmembrane transporter activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Enables the transfer of malonate(1-) from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: carbohydrate derivative biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbohydrate derivative.


nerve growth factor signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by nerve growth factor (NGF) binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: Wnt signaling pathway involved in heart development

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of Wnt protein to a receptor on the surface of the target cell, resulting a change in cell state that contributes to the progression of the heart over time.


name: purine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a purine nucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: 5alpha,9alpha,10beta-labda-8(20),13-dien-15-yl diphosphate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 5alpha,9alpha,10beta-labda-8(20),13-dien-15-yl diphosphate.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving tetrahydrofolylpolyglutamate, a folate derivative comprising tetrahydrofolate attached to a chain of glutamate residues.


name: symbiont-mediated disruption of host tissue

description: The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of a host tissue. This can occur via the disruption of the extracellular matrix, or the detachment of cells from the extracellular matrix, or the dissociation of the cells composing that tissue. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


4-hydroxyproline biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 4-hydroxyproline, C5H9NO3, a derivative of the amino acid proline.


carnitine metabolic process, CoA-linked

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving carnitine, where metabolism is linked to CoA.


name: positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cold-induced thermogenesis.


protein carrier chaperone

description: Binding to and carrying a protein between two different cellular components by moving along with the target protein.


name: clustering of voltage-gated calcium channels

description: The process in which voltage-gated calcium channels become localized together in high densities.


2-nitropropane catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2-nitropropane, a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, fruity odor.


plasma membrane raft organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of plasma membrane rafts.


name: adhesion of symbiont infection cushion to host

description: The attachment of an infection cushion of the symbiont to its host via adhesion molecules. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: ribose 1,5-bisphosphate phosphokinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 1,5-diphosphate + ATP = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + ADP + H+.


name: peptidyl-L-3',4'-dihydroxyphenylalanine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-tyrosine

description: The modification of protein tyrosine to peptidyl-L-3',4'-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA).


histone H4 acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone H4 = CoA + acetyl-histone H4.


name: thyroid-stimulating hormone signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (thyrotropin) binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


cellular response to sodium arsenite

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a sodium arsenite stimulus.


name: negative regulation of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis.


dendritic cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a dendritic cell, a cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation.


name: DNA synthesis involved in double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing

description: The synthesis of DNA that contributes to the process of double-strand break repair via single-strand annealing.


name: Notch signaling pathway involved in somitogenesis

description: Any Notch signaling pathway that is involved in somitogenesis.


name: fructose 1,6-bisphosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, also known as FBP. The D enantiomer is a metabolic intermediate in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.


CDP phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: CDP + H2O = CMP + phosphate.


tobramycin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving tobramycin.


name: jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by jasmonic acid.


fructokinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-fructose = ADP + D-fructose 6-phosphate.


nopaline catabolic process to proline

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nopaline into other compounds, including proline.


regulation of mRNA modification

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA molecule to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.


lactate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving lactate, the anion of lactic acid.


capsanthin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of capsanthin.


name: regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


name: urea:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: urea(out) + Na+(out) = urea(in) + Na+(in).


cellular developmental process

description: A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cell over time from an initial condition to a later condition.


adenosine-tetraphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate + H2O = ATP + phosphate.


name: positive regulation of fat cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fat cell apoptotic process.


choline biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of choline (2-hydroxyethyltrimethylammonium), an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids and in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrosarcinapterin.


name: positive regulation of hormone secretion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a hormone from a cell.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: NAD(P)+ + 17-alpha,20-alpha-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one = NAD(P)H + H+ + 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone.


name: endoplasmic reticulum tubular network maintenance

description: The organization process that preserves the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubular network in a stable functional or structural state. The ER tubular network is the ER part that comprises the membranes with high curvature in cross-section.


name: positive regulation of myeloid leukocyte differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of myeloid leukocyte differentiation.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 2-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA.


cytosine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cytosine, 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine, a pyrimidine derivative that is one of the five main bases found in nucleic acids; it occurs widely in cytidine derivatives.


tolerance induction to nonself antigen

description: Tolerance induction in response to nonself antigens.


name: positive regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell apoptotic process.


name: regulation of interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of an interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway.


name: cellular response to progesterone stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a progesterone stimulus.


dihydropteridine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 6,7-dihydropteridine, a bicyclic compound with the formula C6H6N4.


protein localization to endosome

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an endosome.


transporter activity

description: Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, accross or in between cells.


name: envenomation resulting in modulation of ion channel activity in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with a resultant change in the activity of an ion channel in the bitten organism.


histone H4K16 deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H4 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 16) + H2O = histone H4 L-lysine (position 16) + acetate. This reaction represents the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 16 of the histone H4 protein.


name: adhesion of symbiont to host cell surface via host glycoprotein

description: The attachment of a symbiont to its host by binding to a glycoprotein on the host cell surface. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: plus-end specific microtubule depolymerization

description: The removal of tubulin heterodimers from the plus end of a microtubule.


glycerolipid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerolipids, any lipid with a glycerol backbone.


name: positive regulation of respiratory burst

description: Any process that increases the rate frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.


N-acetyllactosamine synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-galactose + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = UDP + N-acetyllactosamine.


name: terpenoid biosynthetic process, mevalonate-independent

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of terpenoids, independent of mevalonate. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in terpenoid biosynthesis, and in mevalonate-independent biosynthesis, it is produced from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate.


name: suppression by virus of host peptidoglycan biosynthetic process

description: Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of peptidoglycan biosynthesis in the host organism. Peptidoglycans are any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls.


dTMP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dTMP, deoxyribosylthymine monophosphate (2'-deoxyribosylthymine 5'-phosphate).


name: intracellularly cAMP-activated cation channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a cation by a channel that opens when intracellular cAMP has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


uracil biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of uracil, 2,4-dioxopyrimidine, one of the pyrimidine bases occurring in RNA, but not in DNA.


name: L-cysteine catabolic process via cystine, using cystine reductase

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown, via the compound cystine, of L-cysteine, catalyzed by the enzyme cystine reductase.


peptidyl-lysine acetylation

description: The acetylation of peptidyl-lysine.


positive regulation of cell development

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate.


cellular response to desipramine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a desipramine stimulus.


name: de novo centriole assembly involved in multi-ciliated epithelial cell differentiation

description: Centriole assembly in which a centriole arises de novo by a process involving an electron-dense structure known as a deuterosome, rather than by duplication of an existing centriole, and occurring as part of multi-ciliated epithelial cell differentiation.


cell migration

description: The controlled self-propelled movement of a cell from one site to a destination guided by molecular cues.


name: negative regulation of pyroptotic inflammatory response

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of a pyroptotic inflammatory response.


response to decreased oxygen levels

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting a decline in the level of oxygen.


name: positive regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


phytoalexin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytoalexins, any of a range of substances produced by plants as part of their defense response.


protein localization to microtubule

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a microtubule.


name: cellular response to disaccharide stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disaccharide stimulus.


regulation of distal tip cell migration

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of distal tip cell migration.


name: tolerance induction to lipopolysaccharide

description: Tolerance induction directed at lipopolysaccharide antigens.


name: negative regulation of chemokine-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a chemokine-mediated signaling pathway.


pyochelin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the siderochrome pyochelin (2-(2-o-hydroxyphenyl-2-thiazolin-4-yl)-3-methylthiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid).


cellular response to glucoside

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucoside stimulus.


neutral lipid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of neutral lipids, lipids only soluble in solvents of very low polarity.


name: oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle clearance

description: The process in which an oxidised low-density lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-homocysteine + glycine betaine = N,N-dimethylglycine + L-methionine.


glucuronate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucuronate, any salt or ester of glucuronic acid, the uronic acid formally derived from glucose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group.


name: adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains

description: An immune response mediated by lymphocytes expressing specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process that includes somatic recombination of germline gene segments encoding immunoglobulin superfamily domains. Recombined receptors for antigen encoded by immunoglobulin superfamily domains include T cell receptors and immunoglobulins (antibodies) produced by B cells. The first encounter with antigen elicits a primary immune response that is slow and not of great magnitude. T and B cells selected by antigen become activated and undergo clonal expansion. A fraction of antigen-reactive T and B cells become memory cells, whereas others differentiate into effector cells. The memory cells generated during the primary response enable a much faster and stronger secondary immune response upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). An example of this is the adaptive immune response found in Mus musculus.


asparagine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving asparagine, 2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid.


name: positive regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cytokine mediated signaling pathway.


name: regulation of cytokinesis, site selection

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of site selection that occurs as part of cytokinesis.


name: iron incorporation into hydrogenase diiron subcluster via L-cysteine ligation

description: The incorporation of iron into an L-cysteinyl diiron subcluster, found in Fe-hydrogenase.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide, an acylanide herbicide widely used to protect corn, onion, cabbage, rose bushes, and ornamental plants.


name: regulation of eosinophil differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of eosinophil differentiation.


androgen catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of androgens, C19 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of male sexual characteristics.


description: A molecular process that can be carried out by the action of a single macromolecular machine, usually via direct physical interactions with other molecular entities. Function in this sense denotes an action, or activity, that a gene product (or a complex) performs.


leukocyte chemotaxis

description: The movement of a leukocyte in response to an external stimulus.


name: regulation of glucuronoxylan catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucuronoxylan catabolic process.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-D-glucosaminylphosphatidylinositol + H2O = D-glucosaminylphosphatidylinositol + acetate. This reaction is the second step of the biosynthesis of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), used to anchor various eukaryotic proteins to the cell-surface membrane.


carbohydrate binding

description: Binding to a carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates.


name: negative regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus.


name: regulation of adenylate cyclase activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of adenylate cyclase activity.


name: positive regulation of nurse cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of nurse cell apoptotic process.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 4-hydroxyphenylacetate.


name: cell wall polysaccharide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cell wall polysaccharides.


name: modulation of calcium channel activity in another organism

description: Any process in which an organism effects a change in the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a calcium channel in another organism.


name: interleukin-1, type I, activating receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-1 to initiate a change in cell activity via signaling pathways and mediated by adaptor proteins.


acetylputrescine deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetylputrescine + H2O = acetate + putrescine.


methyl ethyl ketone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methyl ethyl ketone, a clear, colorless liquid with a fragrant, mint-like odor.


name: abscisic acid glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-abscisate + UDP-D-glucose = abscisic acid glucose ester + UDP.


protein-lysine lysylation

description: The addition of lysine group to a lysine residue in a protein, producing N6-(lysyl)-L-lysine. This modification is observed in, and is probably unique to, translation elongation factor P (EF-P).


chlorophyll metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment.


quercetin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving quercetin.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host mRNA transcription via inhibition of RNA polymerase II activity

description: A process in which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the transcription of genes into mRNA in its host by directly inhibiting host RNA polymerase II activity. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: cellular response to gibberellin stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gibberellin stimulus.


description: The methylation of a glutamine residue in proteins to form the peptidyl-N5-methyl-L-glutamine derivative.


name: 16S rRNA (guanine(1207)-N(2))-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanosine(1207) in 16S rRNA = N(2)-methylguanosine(1207) in 16S rRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


5-methylcytosine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 5-methylcytosine, a methylated base of DNA.


name: methanopterin-containing compound metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a methanopterin.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-diacyl-3-beta-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerol + UDP-D-galactose = 3-[alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-galactosyl]-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H+ + UDP.


GCC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a GCC codon.


replication fork processing

description: The process in which a DNA replication fork that has stalled is restored to a functional state and replication is restarted. The stalling may be due to DNA damage, DNA secondary structure, bound proteins, dNTP shortage, or other causes.


name: modulation by host of symbiont transcription

description: Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of its symbiont's transcription.


name: regulation of bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: P(1),P(3)-bis(5'-adenosyl) triphosphate + H2O = ADP + AMP + 2 H+.


name: flavin-containing compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a flavin, any derivative of the dimethylisoalloxazine (7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(3H,10H)-dione) skeleton, with a substituent on the 10 position.


actinorhodin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of actinorhodin.


ubiquinone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ubiquinone, a lipid-soluble electron-transporting coenzyme.


FMN biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of FMN, the oxidized form of flavin mononucleotide (riboflavin 5'-(dihydrogen phosphate)), which acts as a coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH dehydrogenase.


ethanolamine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol), an important water-soluble base of phospholipid (phosphatidylethanolamine).


negative regulation of signaling

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process.


dTDP catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dTDP, deoxyribosylthymine diphosphate.


Golgi ribbon formation

description: The formation of a continuous ribbon of interconnected Golgi stacks of flat cisternae.


cellular response to biotin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotin stimulus.


name: cellular response to 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid stimulus.


name: negative regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction. Nitric oxide mediated signal transduction is The series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of nitric oxide (NO).


name: regulation of dopamine metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine.


aldosterone biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldosterone, a corticosteroid hormone that is produced by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex and regulates salt (sodium and potassium) and water balance.


name: single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate

description: A viral genome replication where the template is single-stranded RNA (ssRNA), and which proceeds via a double stranded DNA (dsDNA) intermediate molecule. Viral genomic RNA is first reverse transcribed into dsDNA, which integrates into the host chromosomal DNA, where it is transcribed by host RNA polymerase II.


emericellin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of emericellin.


name: aerobic beta-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane that occur in presence of oxygen.


rRNA binding

description: Binding to a ribosomal RNA.


sensory perception of itch

description: A sensory perception which causes the desire or reflex to scratch.


name: succinate:proton symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: succinate(out) + H+(out) = succinate(in) + H+(in).


calcitonin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the peptide calcitonin.


cytoskeleton organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures.


name: aromatic amino acid family catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan).


vesicle fusion

description: Fusion of the membrane of a transport vesicle with its target membrane.


name: N',N'',N'''-triacetylfusarinine C catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of N',N'',N'''-triacetylfusarinine C.


neuron projection guidance

description: The process in which the migration of a neuron projection is directed to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


cell wall pectin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues, as part of the organization and biogenesis of the cell wall.


pteridine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pteridine, pyrazino(2,3-dipyrimidine), the parent structure of pterins and the pteroyl group.


kinin cascade

description: A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell that occur as a result of by-products of tissue damage, including collagen, cartilage, and basement membrane. The ultimate product of the kinin cascade include kallidin and bradykinin, agents known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability.


name: histone H3K4 trimethyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl4-[histone H3] + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2 H+ + N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysyl4-[histone H3] + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine. This reaction is the successive addition of three methyl groups to the unmethylated lysine residue at position 4 of histone H3, producing histone H3K4me3.


name: positive regulation of mitotic recombination

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of DNA recombination during mitosis.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a cytidine in rRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = an N(4)-methylcytidine in rRNA + H+ + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


mitochondrial mRNA modification

description: The covalent alteration within the mitochondrion of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.


name: positive regulation of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis.


cellular response to vitamin B2

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B2 stimulus.


silicate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving silicates, the salts of silicic acids. Silicates are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates.


name: symbiont-mediated disruption of host anatomical structure

description: The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of an anatomical structure of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


olefinic compound catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an olefinic compound, any compound which contains a carbon-carbon double bond (aka C=C).


erythromycin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving erythromycin.


name: perturbation of signal transduction in another organism

description: The process in which an organism effects a change in a signal transduction process - a cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell - in a second organism.


aspartate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving aspartate, the anion derived from aspartic acid, 2-aminobutanedioic acid.


vindoline metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving vindoline.


cellular alkyne metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving an alkyne, any acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon (compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen) having a carbon-carbon triple bond and the general formula CnH2n-2, as carried out by individual cells.


name: reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of reactive oxygen species, any molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen.


cellular response to brefeldin A

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a brefeldin A stimulus.


GDP phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: GDP + H2O = GMP + phosphate.


response to biotic stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism.


peptidyl-glutamine methylation

description: The addition of a methyl group to a glutamine residue in a protein.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 3alpha(S)-strictosidine.


alcohol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alcohols, any of a class of compounds containing one or more hydroxyl groups attached to a saturated carbon atom.


name: Mo(VI)-molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of Mo(VI)-molybdopterin cytosine dinucleotide.


protein stearoylation

description: The covalent attachment of a stearoyl group to an amino acid in a protein.


chitin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues.


name: conversion of seryl-tRNAsec to selenocys-tRNAsec

description: The modification process that results in the conversion of serine, carried by a specialized tRNA(ser) (which can read a UGA anticodon), to selenocysteine.


helper T cell chemotaxis

description: The directed movement of a helper T cell in response to an external stimulus.


name: L-ascorbate:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: L-ascorbate(out) + Na+(out) = L-ascorbate(in) + Na+(in).


liposaccharide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving liposaccharide.


name: tRNA (L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37)-C2) methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA containing N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine at position 37 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N6-methylthreonylcarbamoyladenosine at position 37.


ERBB2-ERBB3 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a ligand to a ERBB3 receptor on the surface of a cell, followed by transmission of the signal by a heterodimeric complex of ERBB2 and ERBB3. ERBB2, which does not bind any known ligand, is activated through formation of a heterodimer with another ligand-activated ERBB family member such as ERBB3. ERBB3 also has impaired kinase activity and relies on ERBB2 for activation and signal transmission.


protein guanylylation

description: The addition of phospho-guanosine to a protein amino acid.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: homogentisate + phytyl diphosphate + H+ = 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinone + CO2 + diphosphate. 2-methyl-6-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinone is also known as 2-methyl-6-phytylplastoquinol.


protein acetylation

description: The addition of an acetyl group to a protein amino acid. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid.


regulation of T cell extravasation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell extravasation.


interleukin-4 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-4 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


evasion of host immune response

description: A process by which an organism avoids the effects of the host organism's immune response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


acrosome assembly

description: The formation of the acrosome from the spermatid Golgi.


name: positive regulation of (Z)-nonadeca-1,14-diene biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of (Z)-nonadeca-1,14-diene biosynthetic process.


glucomannan catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a glucomannan.


name: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 production

description: The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: effector-mediated activation of plant hypersensitive response by symbiont

description: A symbiont process in which a molecule secreted by the symbiont activates a resistance gene-dependent defense response signaling pathway in the plant host, in order to activate a hypersensitive response to induce necrosis. In the plant, this process involves the direct or indirect recognition of the symbiont effector protein for example through plant resistance receptor or R proteins (or R genes).


name: positive regulation of signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion.


name: positive regulation of mitotic sister chromatid arm separation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic sister chromatid arm separation.


cyanate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cyanate, NCO-, the anion of cyanic acid.


nervous system process

description: A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of neurological system.


name: replication fork progression beyond termination site

description: Regulation of DNA replication by a mechanism that allows a DNA replication fork to progress beyond a termination site, which is a region containing fork pausing elements that influence the progression and merging of DNA replication forks.


name: regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion transmembrane transport.


chalcone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving chalcones, phenyl steryl ketone or its hydroxylated derivatives.


name: peroxidase-heme linkage via dihydroxyheme-L-aspartyl ester-L-glutamyl ester-L-methionine sulfonium

description: The covalent linkage of heme to peroxidase via dihydroxyheme-L-aspartyl ester-L-glutamyl ester-L-methionine sulfonium.


peptidyl-lysine monomethylation

description: The methylation of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-methyl-L-lysine.


description: The dimethylation of the N-terminal serine of proteins to form the derivative N,N-dimethylserine.


curcumin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the polyphenol, curcumin.


name: regulation of fat cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fat cell apoptotic process.


name: negative regulation of response to stimulus

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus.


collagen biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of collagen, any of a group of fibrous proteins of very high tensile strength that form the main component of connective tissue in animals. Collagen is highly enriched in glycine (some regions are 33% glycine) and proline, occurring predominantly as 3-hydroxyproline (about 20%).


name: L-valine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of L-valine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-valine is 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid.


scattered antral spaces stage

description: The stage in oogenesis when antral spaces begin to form in the follicle cells. Mitochondria form centers for yolk concentration.


protein digestion

description: The whole of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by living organisms to break down ingested proteins into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.


name: regulation of single strand break repair

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of single strand break repair.


Frizzled Nuclear Import pathway

description: A type of non-canonical Wnt signaling in which Wnt binding to its receptor on the surface a the target cell results in internalization and cleavage of the frizzled receptor to yield a C-terminal fragment that is imported into the nucleus. The frizzled C-terminal fragment is incorporated into large ribonucleoprotein particles and stimulates their egress via nuclear budding.


cellular response to interferon-alpha

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-alpha stimulus. Interferon-alpha is a type I interferon.


name: positive regulation of interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-18-mediated signaling pathway.


cyanide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanide, NC-, the anion of hydrocyanic acid. Cyanide is a potent inhibitor of respiration, reacting with the ferric form of cytochrome aa3 and thus blocking the electron transport chain.


cellular response to cyclopentenone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyclopentenone stimulus. Cyclopentenones are oxylipins derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are structurally similar to jasmonic acid, but contain a reactive unsaturated carbonyl structure in the cyclo-ring. Cyclopentenones include phytoprostanes and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid.


phospholipid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phospholipids, any lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester.


cell-substrate junction organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell-substrate junction. A cell-substrate junction is a specialized region of connection between a cell and the extracellular matrix.


name: positive regulation of activated T cell autonomous cell death

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activated T cell autonomous cell death.


macrophage chemotaxis

description: The movement of a macrophage in response to an external stimulus.


etioplast organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an etioplast. An etioplast is a plastid arrested in the development of chloroplasts from proplastids due to absence of light or low light conditions.


phosphatidylcholine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline.


name: protein N-linked N-acetylgalactosaminylation via asparagine

description: A process of protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine in which N-acetylgalactosamine is added to the N4 of asparagine, forming an (S)-2-amino-4-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)amino-4-oxobutanoic acid residue.


T cell migration

description: The movement of a T cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


name: multivesicular body membrane disassembly

description: The controlled breakdown of the membranes of multivesicular bodies.


cellular ketone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a class of organic compounds that contain the carbonyl group, CO, and in which the carbonyl group is bonded only to carbon atoms, as carried out by individual cells. The general formula for a ketone is RCOR, where R and R are alkyl or aryl groups.


viral capsid secondary envelopment

description: The process in which a capsid acquires another membrane envelope, subsequent to acquiring an initial membrane envelope.


name: protein carboxyl O-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to a carboxyl group on a protein.


hydroxylysine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydroxylysine (5-hydroxy-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), a chiral alpha-amino acid.


name: translocation of peptides or proteins into host cell cytoplasm

description: The directed movement of peptides or proteins produced by a symbiont organism to a location within the host cell cytoplasm.


gibberellin mediated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of gibberellin stimulus.


proctolin receptor activity

description: Combining with the neuropeptide proctolin, to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: tRNA aminoacylation for nonribosomal peptide biosynthetic process

description: The synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, to be used in nonribosomal peptide synthesis.


description: An adaptive immune effector response involving T cells and B lineage cells. In the case of B lineage cells, the effector cells are the antibody secreting plasma cells whereas for T cells the effector cells may be helper T cells or cytotoxic T cells.


name: negative regulation of CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascade

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of CAMKK-AMPK signaling cascade.


name: aerobic nitrilotriacetate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrilotriacetate, the aminotricarboxylic acid N(CH2COO-)3, that occur in the presence of oxygen.


achromobactin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving achromobactin, a citrate siderophore.


peptidyl-lysine crotonylation

description: The crotonylation of a lysine residue in a protein. Crotonyl is the univalent radical CH3-CH=CH-CO- derived from crotonic acid.


name: spermidine hydroxycinnamate conjugate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of spermidine hydroxycinnamate conjugates.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-acetamidobutanoyl-CoA + H2O = 4-aminobutanoyl-CoA + acetate.


kojic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving kojic acid.


name: protein localization to plasma membrane of cell tip

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a plasma membrane of cell tip.


pigment granule maturation

description: Steps required to form a membrane-bounded organelle into a pigment granule containing pigment. Maturation is a developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a cell or structure to attain its fully functional state.


response to Gram-negative bacterium

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a Gram-negative bacterium.


bacteriocin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving bacteriocins, any of a heterogeneous group of polypeptide antibiotics that are secreted by certain bacterial strains and are able to kill cells of other susceptible (frequently related) strains after adsorption at specific receptors on the cell surface. They include the colicins, and their mechanisms of action vary.


name: transmembrane receptor histidine kinase activity

description: Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of a membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein-L-histidine = ADP + a protein-L-histidine phosphate.


name: negative regulation of macrophage apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage apoptotic process.


L-ascorbic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-ascorbic acid; L-ascorbic acid ionizes to give L-ascorbate, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate, which is required as a cofactor in the oxidation of prolyl residues to hydroxyprolyl, and other reactions.


beta-carotene catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of beta-carotene.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose, an ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre of the heptose. ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose (also called ADP-L-beta-D-heptose or ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose) is a nucleotide-sugar precursor of the inner core lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate.


name: adenosine 5'-(hexahydrogen pentaphosphate) metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving adenosine 5'-(hexahydrogen pentaphosphate).


name: apoptotic process involved in metanephric nephron tubule development

description: Any apoptotic process that is involved in metanephric nephron tubule development.


name: negative regulation of chromosome segregation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome segregation, the process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets.


name: activation-induced B cell apoptotic process

description: B cell apoptotic process that occurs upon engagement of either the B cell receptor or CD40. Engagement of either receptor, but not both, leads to expression of fas or related receptors that make the B cell susceptible to fas-ligand mediated death.


name: protein localization to cell division site after cytokinesis

description: A cellular protein localization process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the site of cell division following cytokinesis.


microtubule sliding

description: The movement of one microtubule along another microtubule.


name: N-terminal peptidyl-valine condensation with pyruvate to form N-pyruvic acid 2-iminyl-L-valine

description: The condensation of pyruvate through the 2-oxo group with the N-terminal valine of proteins to form the derivative N-pyruvic acid 2-iminyl-L-valine.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,5-anhydro-D-fructose.


plasminogen activation

description: The process in which inactive plasminogen is processed to active plasmin. This process includes cleavage at an internal Arg-Val site to form an N-terminal A-chain and C-terminal B-chain held together by a disulfide bond, and can include further proteolytic cleavage events to remove the preactivation peptide.


regulation of ribonuclease activity

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of ribonuclease activity, catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in chains of RNA.


name: endoplasmic reticulum cisternal network assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternal network. The ER cisternal network is the ER part that comprises the membranes with low curvature in cross-section.


methionine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid), a sulfur-containing, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.


name: positive regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the growth hormone receptor signaling pathway. The growth hormone receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of growth hormone receptor binding to its physiological ligand.


name: tricyclic triterpenoid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tricyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 3 rings.


NADH oxidation

description: A metabolic process that results in the oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH, to the oxidized form, NAD+.


name: negative regulation of apolipoprotein A-I-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of apolipoprotein A-I-mediated signaling pathway.


insecticide catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of insecticides, chemicals used to kill insects.


cephamycin C biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cephamycin C.


hexitol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hexitols, any alditol with a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.


name: light-dependent chlorophyll biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chlorophyll, any compound of magnesium complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring and which functions as a photosynthetic pigment, from less complex precursors, which occur in the presence of light.


name: DNA-templated DNA replication maintenance of fidelity

description: A DNA metabolic process that prevents or corrects errors to ensure that DNA is replicated accurately. Errors can be corrected either by intrinsic DNA polymerase proofreading activity or via mismatch repair.


name: tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 11 production

description: The appearance of tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11; RANKL) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: regulation of xylose catabolic process to ethanol

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of xylose catabolic process to ethanol.


L-dopa metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-dopa.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + a D-amino acid = CoA + an N-acetyl-D-amino-acid.


galanin receptor activity

description: Combining with galanin to initiate a change in cell activity.


atrazine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of atrazine, a triazine ring-containing herbicide.


name: fusion of virus membrane with host outer membrane

description: Fusion of a viral membrane with the host cell outer membrane during viral entry.


deoxycytidine salvage

description: Any process that generates deoxycytidine, 2-deoxyribosylcytosine, from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


name: symbiont-mediated disruption of host chloroplast

description: The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host chloroplast. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


interleukin-17 production

description: The appearance of any member of the interleukin-17 family of cytokines due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis-(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT), a chlorinated broad spectrum contact insecticide.


regulation of blood circulation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of blood circulation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: trans-2-coumarate + UDP-D-glucose = trans-beta-D-glucosyl-2-hydroxycinnamate + H+ + UDP.


protein deglycosylation

description: The removal of sugar residues from a glycosylated protein.


protein delipidation

description: The breakage of covalent bonds to detach lipid groups from a protein.


sperm competition

description: Any process that contributes to the success of sperm fertilization in multiply-mated females.


ITP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ITP, inosine triphosphate.


name: regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in metanephros development.


protein localization to presynapse

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a presynapse.


endopolyphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: polyphosphate + n H2O = (n+1) oligophosphate. The product contains 4 or 5 phosphate residues.


name: choline:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: choline(out) + Na+(out) = choline(in) + Na+(in).


name: establishment of protein localization to mitochondrial membrane

description: The directed movement of a protein to a specific location in the mitochondrial membrane.


menaquinone biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of the menaquinones. Structurally, menaquinones consist of a methylated naphthoquinone ring structure and side chains composed of a variable number of unsaturated isoprenoid residues. Menaquinones that have vitamin K activity and are known as vitamin K2.


cellular response to hyperoxia

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating increased oxygen tension.


peptidyl-arginine deglycation

description: The removal of a sugar or dicarbonyl from an arginine residue of a glycated protein.


membrane raft polarization

description: The clustering and aggregation of a membrane into domains. This serves as a mechanism to compartmentalize cellular activities and to establish cell polarity.


negative regulation of TORC1 signaling

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of TORC1 signaling.


bacillithiol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving bacillithiol, the alpha-anomeric glycoside of L-cysteinyl-D-glucosamine with L-malic acid. Bacillithiol, produced widely in the Firmicutes and sporadically in other bacterial lineages, is a low-molecular-weight thiol analogous to mycothiol in the Actinomycetes and glutathione in many species.


name: positive regulation of erythrocyte apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte apoptotic process.


name: envenomation resulting in modulation of process in another organism

description: The process which begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the manifestation of some change or damage to the bitten organism.


name: D-aspartate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of D-aspartate from one side of a membrane to the other.


glycine N-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + glycine = CoA + N-acylglycine.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II

description: A process by which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the normal processing and presentation of a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex.


name: transcriptional start site selection at RNA polymerase II promoter

description: Any process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of an RNA polymerase II promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript.


gastrin receptor activity

description: Combining with gastrin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein to initiate a change in cell activity.


L-propargylglycine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-propargylglycine (Pra). L-propargylglycine is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces bacteria.


protein localization to axon

description: A process in which a protein is transported to or maintained in a location within an axon.


cell-cell signaling via exosome

description: Cell-cell signaling in which the ligand is carried between cells by an exosome.


cyanuric acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanuric acid, a suspected gastrointestinal or liver toxicant, and a potential degradation product of triazine herbicides, such as atrazine and simazine. It is widely used for the stabilization of available chlorine in swimming pool water and is also the starting compound for the synthesis of many organic derivatives.


CUT metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), which are transcribed from intergenic regions. Many intergenic regions are heavily transcribed, but the transcripts are rarely detected due to rapid degradation by the nuclear exosome.


melanocortin receptor activity

description: Combining with melanocortin to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: phenotypic switching in response to host

description: A reversible switch of a cell from one phenotype to another that occurs upon infection of a host or host cell. For example, Candida albicans switches from a unicellular form to an invasive multicellular filamentous form upon infection of host tissue. Phenotypic switching begins with changes in cell morphology and altered gene expression patterns and ends when the morphology of a population of cells has reverted back to the default state, accompanied by altered expression patterns.


toluene-4-sulfonate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of toluene-4-sulfonate, 4-methylbenzenesulfonate, the anion of sulfonic acid attached to a methylbenzene molecule.


acetylcholine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues.


DNA/RNA hybrid annealing activity

description: An activity that facilitates the base-pairing of single-stranded RNA to double-stranded DNA resulting in the formation of R-loops.


response to stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism.


protein K6-linked deubiquitination

description: A protein deubiquitination process in which a K6-linked ubiquitin chain, i.e. a polymer of ubiquitin formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 6 of the ubiquitin monomers, is removed from a protein.


name: negative regulation of coenzyme F420-dependent bicyclic nitroimidazole catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of coenzyme F420-dependent bicyclic nitroimidazole catabolic process.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate + H2O + succinyl-CoA = L-2-succinylamino-6-oxopimelate + CoA.


methylmercury metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving methylmercury (MeHg+), a highly toxic organometal which can accumulate in tissues, particularly in fish species.


name: regulation of planar cell polarity pathway involved in heart morphogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of planar cell polarity pathway involved in heart morphogenesis.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host pathogen-associated molecular pattern receptor signaling pathway

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts a PAMP signaling pathway in its host organism, initiated by a ligand binding of a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) to activate a plant innate immune response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


apyrase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate + 2 H2O = a ribonucleoside 5'-phosphate + 2 phosphate. This reaction consists of two distinct successive phosphate-releasing steps, with NDPs as intermediates. Apyrases are active against both di- and triphosphate nucleotides (NDPs and NTPs) and hydrolyze NTPs to nucleotide monophosphates (NMPs).


GPI-linked ephrin receptor activity

description: Combining with a GPI-anchored ephrin to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: excitatory chemical synaptic transmission

description: Synaptic transmission that results in an excitatory postsynaptic potential.


name: mRNA 5'-triphosphate monophosphatase activity

description: A 5'-end triphospho-[mRNA] + H2O = a 5'-end diphospho-[mRNA] + H+ + phosphate.


name: cellular response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor stimulus.


name: regulation of beta-glucan metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucans.


hemoglobin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hemoglobin, an oxygen carrying, conjugated protein containing four heme groups and globin; especially, the proteolytic cleavage of hemoglobin to yield free heme, peptides, and amino acids.


snRNA (adenine-N6)-methylation

description: The posttranscriptional N6-methylation of an adenine residue in an snRNA molecule.


tetrose biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a tetrose, any monosaccharide with a chain of four carbon atoms in the molecule.


name: post-translational protein targeting to endoplasmic reticulum membrane

description: The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs after their translation. Some secretory proteins exhibit posttranslational transport into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen: they are synthesized in their entirety on free cytosolic ribosomes and then released into the cytosol, where they are bound by chaperones which keep them in an unfolded state, and subsequently are translocated across the ER membrane.


name: oxalate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of oxalate from one side of a membrane to the other. Oxalate, or ethanedioic acid, occurs in many plants and is highly toxic to animals.


name: regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of replication and segregation of genetic material in the embryo.


shamixanthone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of shamixanthone.


name: negative regulation of red or far-red light signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the red or far-red signaling pathway, the series of molecular signals initiated upon sensing by photoreceptor molecules of red light or far red light.


name: regulation of pyrimidine nucleobase metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving pyrimidine nucleobases.


name: negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process.


peptidyl-histidine uridylylation

description: The uridylylation of peptidyl-histidine to form peptidyl-1'-(phospho-5'-uridine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as tau-UMP-histidine, tele-UMP-histidine) or peptidyl-3'-(phospho-5'-uridine)-L-histidine (otherwise known as pi-UMP-histidine, pros-UMP-histidine).


regulation of basophil differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of basophil differentiation.


name: VEGF-activated neuropilin signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) binding to a neuropilin protein on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


acidocalcisome organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an acidocalcisome. An acidocalcisome is an electron-dense acidic membrane-bounded organelle which contains a matrix of pyrophosphate and polyphosphates with bound calcium and other cations.


Golgi distribution to daughter cells

description: Any process in which disassembled Golgi vesicles are localized into daughter cells upon cell division.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of androst-4-ene-3,17-dione.


name: positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress.


name: modulation by symbiont of host synaptic transmission

description: Any process in which a symbiont organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic transmission, communication from a neuron to a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) across a synapse, in its host organism.


sorbitol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sorbitol (D-glucitol), one of the ten stereoisomeric hexitols. It can be derived from glucose by reduction of the aldehyde group.


name: proximal stomach smooth muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the proximal stomach. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The proximal stomach, composed of the fundus and upper body, shows low frequency, sustained tonic contractions that are responsible for generating a basal pressure within the stomach.


anaerobic glycine catabolic process

description: The anaerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine, yielding energy in the form of ATP.


name: N-terminal peptidyl-glutamic acid acetylation

description: The acetylation of the N-terminal glutamic acid of proteins to form the derivate acetyl-glutamic acid.


name: regulation of mitotic spindle elongation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cell cycle process in which the distance is lengthened between poles of the mitotic spindle.


regulation of T cell migration

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell migration.


tyrocidine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tyrocidine.


name: adhesion of symbiont to host endothelial cell

description: The attachment of a symbiont to a host endothelial cell via adhesion molecules, general stickiness etc., either directly or indirectly.


name: protein localization to cytoplasmic microtubule

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a cytoplasmic microtubule.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways by which a pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside is synthesized from another deoxyribopyrimidine nucleoside.


name: copal-8-ol diphosphate(3-) biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of copal-8-ol diphosphate(3-).


name: serotonin-gated chloride channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a chloride ion by a channel that opens when the biogenic amine serotonin has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a neurotransmitter and hormone found in vertebrates and invertebrates.


regulation of defense response

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a defense response.


name: mitochondrial double-strand break repair via homologous recombination

description: The repair of a double-strand break in mitochondrial DNA in which the broken DNA molecule is repaired using homologous sequences.


name: adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled cAMP receptor signaling pathway

description: An adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by extracellular cAMP binding to its receptor on the surface of the target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: blood coagulation, fibrin clot formation

description: A protein activation cascade that contributes to blood coagulation and consists of the cascade of enzymatic reactions initiated by physical damage to the wall of a blood vessel, leading to the formation of a formation of a fibrin clot at the site of the injury. The process also includes numerous positive and negative regulatory events.


name: host-mediated regulation of intestinal microbiota composition

description: The biological process involved in maintaining the steady-state number of cells within a population of free-living cells such as the bacteria in the gut.


angiotensin receptor activity

description: Combining with angiotensin to initiate a change in cell activity.


toxin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of toxin, a poisonous compound (typically a protein) that is produced by cells or organisms and that can cause disease when introduced into the body or tissues of an organism.


membrane scission GTPase motor activity

description: Generation of a 'twisting' activity resulting in the scission of a membrane, driven by GTP hydrolysis.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: guanosine(7) in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + N(2)-methylguanosine(7) in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


name: 2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 1-phospho-2-deoxyribose.


name: mating-type M-factor pheromone receptor activity

description: Combining with the mating-type peptide pheromone M-factor and transmitting the signal across the membrane to initiate a change in cell activity. M-factor is a nine-membered oligopeptide that consists of tyrosyl, threonyl, prolyl, lysyl, valyl, prolyl, tyrosyl, methionyl and methyl S-farnesylcysteinate residues joined in sequence, and is a peptide pheromone released by Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells of the cellular mating type Minus.


name: negative regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of an intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway.


rhodopsin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhodopsin, a brilliant purplish-red, light-sensitive visual pigment found in the rod cells of the retinas.


siderophore biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action.


name: benzyl isoquinoline alkaloid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving benzyl isoquinoline alkaloids, compounds with bicyclic N-containing aromatic rings.


regulation of starch catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of starch catabolic process.


alditol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alditols, any polyhydric alcohol derived from the acyclic form of a monosaccharide by reduction of its aldehyde or keto group to an alcoholic group.


cGMP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyclic GMP, guanosine 3',5'-phosphate.


name: microtubule polymerization or depolymerization

description: Assembly or disassembly of microtubules by the addition or removal of tubulin heterodimers from a microtubule.


name: methionine catabolic process to succinyl-CoA

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methionine into other compounds, including succinyl-CoA.


name: adenylate cyclase-activating serotonin receptor signaling pathway

description: An adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by serotonin binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: regulation of cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process.


cellular biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells.


name: myo-inositol:proton symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: myo-inositol(out) + H+(out) = myo-inositol(in) + H+(in).


chromatin remodeling at centromere

description: Dynamic structural changes in centromeric DNA.


name: group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activity

description: A G protein-coupled receptor that is activated by L-AP-4 and inhibits adenylate cyclase activity.


positive regulation of cell adhesion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell adhesion.


adaptive immune effector response

description: An adaptive immune response that involves one or more immune effector processes and takes place during the effector phase of the adaptive immune response.


name: geranylgeranyl diphosphate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of geranylgeranyl diphosphate.


UTP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving UTP, uridine (5'-)triphosphate.


name: susceptibility to natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

description: The process of causing a cell to become susceptible to natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity.


name: regulation of multicellular organismal process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a multicellular organismal process, the processes pertinent to the function of a multicellular organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: luteolin + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucosiduronate + UDP.


name: negative regulation of natural killer cell differentiation involved in immune response

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation as part of an immune response.


name: positive regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha signaling pathway.


name: killing by virus of host cell during superinfection exclusion

description: The viral-killing of a host cell by a pre-existing virus in response to a subsequent infection of the host cell by second virus.


dopamine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline.


thymine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thymine, 5-methyluracil, one of the two major pyrimidine bases present (as thymidine) in DNA but not found in RNA other than (as ribothymidine) in transfer RNA, where it is a minor base.


scopoletin glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: scopoletin + UDP-D-glucose = H+ + scopolin + UDP.


name: negative regulation of interleukin-4-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of interleukin-4-mediated signaling pathway.


cellular response to isolation stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lack of contact with other members of the same species.


allantoin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea, an intermediate or end product of purine catabolism.


name: tail-anchored membrane protein insertion into ER membrane

description: A process of protein insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in which a tail-anchored (TA) transmembrane protein is incorporated into an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. TA transmembrane protein, also named type II transmembrane proteins, contain a single C- terminal transmembrane region.


CAC codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CAC codon.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate.


name: symbiont entry into host cell via disruption of host cell wall peptidoglycan

description: The disruption by a symbiont of host cell wall peptidoglycans to allow entry into the host cell.


name: glutamate-gated calcium ion channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


name: platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand to a beta-type platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFbeta) on the surface of a signal-receiving cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: envenomation resulting in modulation of blood pressure in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system of the bitten/stung organism.


name: 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an 11-beta-hydroxysteroid + NAD+ = an 11-oxosteroid + NADH + H+.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the Q nucleoside precursor 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine, also known as 2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile or preQo.


mitochondrial membrane fission

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the separation of a single continuous mitochondrial membrane into two membranes and contributes to mitochondrial fission.


name: tryptophan catabolic process to indole-3-acetate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tryptophan into other compounds, including indole-3-acetate.


dATP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dATP, deoxyadenosine triphosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-triphosphate).


depsipeptide biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of depsipeptides, a linear or cyclic compound composed of both amino acids and hydroxy acids in peptide and ester bonds respectively.


dense core granule organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a dense core granule. A dense core granule is a secretory organelle found in endocrine cells.


name: retinoic acid metabolic process in spinal cord anterior-posterior patterning

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the synthesis and degradation of retionic acid that results in the spatial identity of regions along the anterior-posterior axis of the spinal cord.


name: negative regulation of inositol biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of inositol biosynthetic process.


RNA-mediated DNA recombination

description: The reverse transcription of an RNA molecule followed by recombination between the resultant cDNA and its homologous chromosomal allele.


name: myeloid dendritic cell cytokine production

description: Any process that contributes to cytokine production by a myeloid dendritic cell.


name: regulation of inflammasome-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an inflammasome-mediated signaling pathway.


brassinosteroid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving brassinosteroids, any of a group of steroid derivatives that occur at very low concentrations in plant tissues and may have hormone-like effects.


farnesyl diphosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving farnesyl diphosphate, an intermediate in carotenoid, sesquiterpene, squalene and sterol biosynthesis, as well as a substrate in protein farnesylation.


name: negative regulation of cyclodextrin metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cyclodextrin metabolic process.


membrane raft assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a membrane raft, a small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalizes cellular processes.


asperthecin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of asperthecin, an anthraquinone pigment obtained from the mould Aspergillus nidulans.


name: 2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-deoxyribose 1-phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 1-phospho-2-deoxyribose.


O-glycan processing, core 8

description: The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 8 O-glycan structure, Gal-alpha-(1->3)-GalNAc.


regulation of hypersensitivity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of hypersensitivity.


name: exit of virus from host cell nucleus through nuclear pore

description: The directed movement of the viral genome or a viral particle out of the host cell nucleus through the nuclear pore.


pre-mRNA binding

description: Binding to a pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA), an intermediate molecule between DNA and protein that may contain introns and, at least in part, encodes one or more proteins. Introns are removed from pre-mRNA to form a mRNA molecule.


monocarboxylic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving monocarboxylic acids, any organic acid containing one carboxyl (COOH) group or anion (COO-).


citrate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving citrate, 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboyxlate. Citrate is widely distributed in nature and is an important intermediate in the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate cycle.


violaceol I catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of violaceol I.


sno(s)RNA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving snoRNA, small nucleolar RNA, any of a class of small RNAs that are associated with the eukaryotic nucleus as components of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins. They participate in the processing or modifications of many RNAs, mostly ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) though snoRNAs are also known to target other classes of RNA, including spliceosomal RNAs, tRNAs, and mRNAs via a stretch of sequence that is complementary to a sequence in the targeted RNA.


name: positive regulation of protein kinase A signaling

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein kinase A signaling. PKA signaling is the series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase A, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound.


synaptic vesicle budding

description: Evagination of a membrane to form a synaptic vesicle.


oxidative photosynthetic carbon pathway

description: The reactions of the C2 pathway bring about the metabolic conversion of two molecules of 2-phosphoglycolate to one molecule of 3-phosphoglycerate, which can be used by the C3 cycle, and one molecule of carbon dioxide (CO2).


name: regulation of secondary cell septum biogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secondary cell septum biogenesis.


name: cilium movement involved in cell motility

description: Movement of cilia mediated by motor proteins that contributes to the movement of a cell.


phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling

description: The series of molecular signals in which a cell uses a phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling to convert a signal into a response. Phosphatidylinositols include phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) and its phosphorylated derivatives.


isovaleryl-CoA(4-) catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of isovaleryl-CoA(4-).


name: membrane depolarization during Purkinje myocyte cell action potential

description: The process in which Purkinje myocyte membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


alditol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alditols, any polyhydric alcohol derived from the acyclic form of a monosaccharide by reduction of its aldehyde or keto group to an alcoholic group.


name: cellular response to very-low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a very-low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus.


histone deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone N6-acetyl-L-lysine + H2O = histone L-lysine + acetate. This reaction represents the removal of an acetyl group from a histone, a class of proteins complexed to DNA in chromatin and chromosomes.