A dolichyl diphosphooligosaccharide in which the oligosaccharide moiety is the Man9Glc3GlcNAc2 branched tetradecasaccharide alpha-D-Glc-(1->2)-alpha-D-Glc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Glc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc.


lycopene

An acyclic carotene commonly obtained from tomatoes and other red fruits.


A polyprenyl phospho oligosaccharide where alpha-D-FucNAc4-(1->4)-beta-D-ManNAcA-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc comprises the oligosaccharide component and is linked via a diphosphate to a polyprenyl chain consisting of eleven prenyl units.


citrifolinoside

An unusual iridoid monoterpenoid isolated from the leaves of Morinda citrifolia. It exhibits significant inhibition of UVB-induced Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) activity in cell cultures.


asprellic acid C

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is the diester obtained by the global condensation of the hydroxy groups of (3beta)-3,27-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid with trans-4-coumaric acid and cis-4-coumaric acid respectively. It is isolated from the dried leaves of Ilex asprella and exhibits significant toxicity against KB (epidermoid carcinoma of the nasopharynx) and RPMI-7951 (melanoma) cell lines.


A tricyclic diterpenoid isolated from the stem bark of  Fraxinus sieboldiana.


alpha-camphorene

A cycloalkene that is cyclohexene substituted by 2-methylpent-2-en-5-yl and 6-methylhepta-1,5-dien-2-yl groups at positions 1 and 4, respectively. It is a diterpene isolated from several plant species.


SANDARACOPIMARIC ACID

A pimarane diterpenoid that is (1S,4aS,4bS,7R,10aS)-1,4a,7-trimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,4b,5,6,7,9,10,10a-dodecahydrophenanthrene carrying a carboxy group at position 1 and a vinyl group at position 7. It is a natural product found in several plant species.


A scalarane sesterterpenoid  that is 12-O-deacetyl-12-epi-19-deoxy-scalarin substituted by an additional hydroxy group at position 21. It has been isolated from the sponge, Hyattella species.


capsidiol 3-acetate

An acetate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group at position 3 of capsidiol with acetic acid. It is a phytoalexin produced by Nicotiana benthamiana against potato virus X.


A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-ene substituted by a carboxy group at position 28, alpha-configured hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 19 and an oxo group at position 3. Isolated from the whole plants of Geum japonicum, it exhibits activity against HIV-1 protease.


sapintoxin D

A phorbol ester consisting of phorbol that is acylated at positions 12 and 13 by 2-(methylamino)benzoyl and acetyl groups respectively.


apo carotenoid triterpenoid

A triterpenoid compound arising from loss of part of the carotene skeleton.


BETA-PHELLANDRENE

One of a pair of phellandrene cyclic monoterpene double-bond isomers in which one double bond is exocyclic (cf. alpha-phellandrene, where both of them are endoocyclic).


(+)-isodihydrocarvone

The (1S,4R)-stereoisomer of dihydrocarvone.


hastatoside

An iridoid monoterpenoid with formula C17H24O11 that is isolated from several plants including Verbena officinalis and exhibits a sleep-promoting effect.


ambrein

A triterpenoid alcohol that is a constituent of ambergris, an intestinal secretion of the sperm whale Physeter catodon.


dihydroserrulatene

A diterpene from Leucophyllum frutescens.


staphyloxanthin

A xanthophyll that is beta-D-glucopyranose in which the hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 6 have been acylated by an all-trans-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,22-decaenoyl group and a 12-methyltetradecanoyl group, respectively. Staphyloxanthin is responsible for the characteristic yellow-golden colour which gives the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus its name.


WILFOLIC ACID C

A pentacyclic triterpenoid with formula C30H48O4, originally isolated from Tripterygium doianum.


paeoniflorin sulfonate

A monoterpene glycoside with formula C23H28O14S, originally isolated from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora.


A  diterpenoid that is 13,14,15,16-tetranorlabdane substituted  by hydroxy grousp at positions 8, 12 and 18. It has been isolated from the aerial parts of Crassocephalum mannii and has been shown to exhibit COX-1 and COX-2 activity.


sativene

A sesquiterpene that is octahydro-1H-1,4-methanoindene bearing methyl, isopropyl and methylene substituents at positions 4, 7 and 8 respectively (the 1R,3aS,4R,7R,7aR-isomer).


LYSIKOKIANOSIDE 1

A triterpenoid saponin that is (3beta,16alpha)-13,28-epoxyoleanane-3,16-diol attached to a tetrasaccharide residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from aerial parts of Lysimachia clethroides, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.


ASPERGILLUSENE A

A sesquiterpenoid that is phenol substituted by a hydroxymethyl group at position 5 and a (2E)-6-methylhept-2-en-2-yl group at position 2. An Aspergillus metabolite isolated from the sea fan derived fungus Aspergillus sydowii.


cyathadiol

A tricyclic diterpenoid with formula C20H32O2.


A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-12-ene substituted by an oxo substituent at position 3 and a beta-hydroxy group at position 21. Isolated from the root barks of Hippocratea excelsa, it exhibits antigiardial activity.


An N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl undecaprenyl diphosphate in which the anomeric centre connected to the diphosphate group has alpha-configuration.


E-senegasaponin b

The E-isomer of senegasaponin b.


name: acetic acid [3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexenyl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraenyl] ester


BICYCLOGERMACRENE

A sesquiterpene derived from germacrane by dehydrogenation across the C(1)-C(10) and C(4)-C(5) bonds and cyclisation across the C(8)-C(9) bond.


(+)-epicubenol

A carbobicyclic compound that is cis-decalin substituted by a propan-2-yl group at position 1, methyl groups at position 4 and 7, and a hydroxy group at position 4a, and containing a double bond between positions 7 and 8 (the 1R,4S,4aR,8aS diastereoisomer).


A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lup-20(29)-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 3 respectively (the 1beta,3alpha-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from Breynia fruticosa.


isogeraniol

A homoallylic alcohol that is 2,6-dimethylocta-2,5-diene in which a hydrogen of the methyl group at position 8 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


HYPONINE F

A sesquiterpene alkaloid that is isolated from Tripterygium hypoglaucum.


The 5alpha,9beta,10alpha-diastereomer of copalyl diphosphate.


(-)-alpha-isocomene

A tricyclic sesquiterpene that is 1,2,3,3a,5a,6,7,8-octahydrocyclopenta[c]pentalene bearing four methyl substituents at positions 1, 3a, 4 and 5a.


epi-tulipinolide

A germacranolide with formula C17H22O4, originally isolated from Liriodendron tulipifera. It exhibits anti-cancer and anti-oxidant properties.


A dolichyl diphosphooligosaccharide in which the oligosaccharide moiety is the Man9GlcNAc2 branched undecasaccharide alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc.


(-)-abscisic acid

The (1'R)-(-) enantiomer of abscisic acid, which does not occur naturally.


A  limonoid that is  epoxyazadiradione in which the acetyl group has been replaced by a benzoyl group. It has been isolated from Azadirachta indica.


soyasapogenol A 3-O-beta-glucuronide

A triterpenoid saponin that is the 3-O-beta-glucuronide of soyasapogenol A.


3-O-trans-p-coumaroyl actinidic acid

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is the cinnamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-4-coumaric acid with the hydroxy group at position 3 of actinidic acid (the 2alpha,3beta stereoisomer). It is isolated from the roots of Actinidia arguta and exhibits inhibitory activity towards pancreatic lipase.


1-deoxy-11beta-hydroxypentalenic acid

A tricyclic sesquiterpenoid that is pentalenene in which the 13-methyl group is oxidsed to the carboxylic acid and a hydroxy substituent is located at position 11.


GORDONOSIDE M

A triterpenoid saponin that has 3,16-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid as the aglycone. Isolated from the stems of Gordonia chrysandra, it exhibits a strong inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production.


An apo carotenoid compound arising from oxidative degradation of the beta,beta-carotene skeleton at the 6'-position.


prespatane

A carbotricyclic compound that is decahydrocyclobuta[1,2-a:3,4-a']dicyclopentene substituted by prop-1-en-2-yl, methyl and methyl groups at positions 1, 3a and 6, respectively (the 1S,3aS,3bR,6S,6aS,6bS-stereoisomer). It is a sesquiterpene initially isolated from the tropical marine sponge Cymbastela hooperi.


A 1,12-dialdehyde compound having double bonds in the 2-, 4-, 6-, 8-, and 10-positions and methyl substituents in the 4- and 9-positions.


PREAUSTINOID A

A  meroterpenoid  found in Penicillium rubrum.


ivain II

A diterpenoid isolated from the aerial parts of Ajuga bracteosa and has been shown to exhibit antifeedant activity.


AJUGANIPPONIN B

A  diterpene lactone isolated from the whole plants of Ajuga ciliata.


A limonoid isolated from Azadirachta indica.


A  triterpenoid saponin that is asiatic acid attached to a a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 and a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 28. Isolated from the methanolic extract of the leaves of Symplocos lancifolia, it exhibits antibacterial activity.


AZADIRADIONE

A  tetracyclic triterpenoid that is 4,4,8-trimethylandrosta-1,14-diene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 16, an acetoxy group at position 7 and a furan-3-yl group at position 17. Isolated from Azadirachta indica, it exhibits antimycobacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.


dihydroartemisinic acid

A monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid substituted at position 2 by a (1S,4R,4aS,8aR)-4,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydronaphthalen-1-yl group. It is a sesquiterpenoid precursor of the antimalarial drug, artemisinin.


kahweol

A diterpenoid with formula C20H26O3, isolated from the beans of Coffea arabica. It exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenesis and anti-proliferative properties.


cimifoetiside B

A triterpene glycoside that consists of cimigenol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl moiety at position 3 via a beta-glycosidic linkage (the 23R,24S stereoisomer). It is isolated from the aerial parts of Cimicifuga foetida and exhibits significant immunosuppressive effect.


A retinoid that consists of all-trans-retinol having a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the cyclohexenyl ring.


anisotanol D

A norsesquiterpenoid with formula C14H22O3. It is isolated from Anisodus tanguticus.


A tirucallane terpenoid isolated from Dysoxylum lenticellatum.


(+)-thalianatriene

A sesterterpene with formula C25H40 that is produced by a sesterterpene synthase gene from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.


beta-acoradiene

A spiro compound that is 1,8-dimethyl-4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)spiro[4.5]decane that has been dehydrogenated to introduce a double bond at position 8-9 (the 1R,4S,5R isomer).


A tricyclic diterpenoid that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of marrubiin by the medicinal plant Marrubium vulgare.


A polyprenyl phospho polysaccharide that consists of the polysaccharide 3-O-phospho-[2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-alpha-D-Man-(1->]n-(1->3)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-alpha-D-GlcNAc linked via a diphospho group to ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol.


gibberellin A6

A C19-gibberellin, initially identified in Phaseolus coccineus and differing from gibberellin A1 by the conversion of the OH at C-2 (gibbane numbering) into an epoxide across C-2 and C-3.


BLUMENOL A

A (6S)-vomifoliol with a R configuration for the hydroxy group at position 9.


A triterpene consisting of hopane having a C=C double bond at the 22(29)-position.


phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate

A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.


triptonine A

A  sesquiterpene alkaloid  with anti-HIV activity isolated from Tripterygium hypoglaucum.


sesquiterpenoid

Any terpenoid derived from a sesquiterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C15 skeleton of the parent sesquiterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups).


ocimene

A monoterpene based on an octatriene skeleton.


A carotenol obtained by formal dihydroxylation across the 15,15'-double bond of beta-carotene.


(R)-beta-himachalene

The (R)-enantiomer of beta-himachalene.


3-epi-gibberellin A4

An epi-gibberellin that is gibberellin A4 differing in configuration at C-3 (C-2 using gibbane skeletal numbering).


(-)-trans-pinocarveol

The (1S,3R,5S)-stereoisomer of pinocarveol.


(Z)-biformene

A diterpene that consists of a labdane skeleton with double bonds at C-8(17), C-12(13) and C-14 (the Z-isomer) and inversion of stereochemistry at the 5, 9 and 10 positions.


isonordoperoxide

A sesquiterpenoid that is 1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,7-epidioxyazulen-3(2H)-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8, methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 and an isopropyl group at position 7 (the (1R,4R,7S,8S stereoisomer). Isolated from Nardostachys chinensis, it exhibits antimalarial activity.


A member of the class of carotenone that is echinenone carrying two additional hydroxy substituents at position 4'.


A sesquiterpenoid that is 1,2,3,3a,4,5,8,8a-octahydroazulene substituted by hydroxy groups, isopropyl and methyl groups at positions 1, 2, 1, 3a and 6 respectively. It is isolated from the culture broth of Gliocladium virens and exhibits antifungal activity.


AJUGACUMBIN A CHLOROHYDRIN

A diterpene lactone isolated from the whole plants of Ajuga ciliata.


A halimane-diterpenoid structure originally proposed as the structure for edaxadiene (CHEBI:59685).


hydropyrenol

A tetracyclic diterpenoid, isolated from Streptomyces avermitilis host carrying the sclav_p0765 gene.


zerumboneoxide

A sesquiterpenoid that is the 2, 3-epoxy derivative of zerumbone. Isolated from  Zingiber zerumbet, it exhibits inhibitory activity against nitric oxide synthase.


ajubractin A

A  diterpenoid isolated from the aerial parts of Ajuga bracteosa.


DIHYDROCARVONE

A dihydrocarvone in (R,R) configuration.


KALOPANAXSAPONIN C

A triterpenoid saponin with hederagenin as the aglycone part. It has been isolated from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus.


A fenchone that has 1S,4R stereochemistry. A colourless, oily liquid found in fennel oil, it is used in perfumery and as flavour in foods.


alkyl-gibberellin

A diterpenoid that is a C19 gibberellin alkylated at position 1 or 2 (position 4 or 3 respectively using gibbane skeletal numbering).


myrtenic acid

A monoterpenoid that is 6,6-dimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene substituted by a carboxy group at position 2.


luzonial A

An iridoid monoterpenoid that is hexahydro-1H-cyclopenta[c]furan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 3a, a 3-oxopropen-2yl group at position 6 and a trans-4-coumaroyloxy moiety at position 4 (the 1S,3aS,4S,6S,6aS stereoisomer). Isolated from the leaves of Viburnum luzonicum, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.


GINSENOSIDE RC

A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 20 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside and alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside respectively, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.


mollebenzylanol B

A diterpenoid isolated from the leaves of Rhododendron molle.


michaolide F

A cembrane diterpenoid with cytotoxic activity isolated from the soft coral Lobophytum michaelae.


A tricyclic sesterterpene with formula C25H40 that is obtained from Aspergillus stellatus.


myrcenol

A monoterpenoid that is oct-7-en-2-ol substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a methylidene group at position 6 respectively.


cornusalterin F

A tirucallane triterpenoid that is (13alpha,14beta,17alpha,20S)-lanosta-2,7-dien-1-one substituted by an oxo group at position 1.  It has been isolated from the stem and stem barks of Cornus walteri.


A 6-isopropenyl-4,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8-octahydronaphthalen-2-ol that is (-)-4-epi-eremophilene in which the 2-pro-R hydrogen has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


A  quassinoid that is the 3,15-di-O-acetyl derivative of bruceolide. It has been isolated from  Brucea javanica and Brucea sumatrana.


(R)-(+)-perillyl alcohol

A perillyl alcohol in which the chiral centre has R configuration.


A  cembrane diterpenoid that is cembra-1E,3E,7E,11Z,15-pentaen-20,10-olide substituted by a methoxy group at position 5. It has been isolated from the leaves of Croton gratissimus.


The pentacyclic triterpenoid that is the 11-oxo derivative of beta-amyrin.


(+)-DELTA-CADINENE

A member of the cadinene family of sesquiterpenes in which the double bonds are located at the 4-4a and 7-8 positions, and in which the isopropyl group at position 1 is cis to the hydrogen at the adjacent bridgehead carbon (the 1S,8aR-enantiomer).


YUNACONITINE

A diterpene alkaloid with formula C35H49NO11 that is isolated from several Aconitum species.


edaxadiene

A bicyclic halimane-type diterpenoid produced by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a defense against macrophage attack. The structure was revised in 2010, having been initially thought to be tricyclic. The compound was originally named nosyberkol after it was first isolated in 2004 from a sponge, Raspailia sp., collected from the Nosy Be island of Madagascar.


A dolichyl diphosphooligosaccharide in which the oligosaccharide moiety is the Man8GlcNAc2 branched decasaccharide alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc.


gypsosaponin A

A triterpenoid saponin with quillaic acid as the aglycone species. It is isolated from the roots of Gypsophila oldhamiana and exhibits inhibitory activity against pancreatic lipase.


pseudolaratriene

A bicyclic diterpene that is 1,2,3,3a,4,5,8,8a-octahydroazulene carrying two methyl substituents at positions 6 and 8a as well as a 6-methylhepta-2,5-dien-2-yl at position 3. The relative stereochemistry has been assigned tentatively.


A polyprenyl glycosyl phosphate consisting of the heptasaccharide [alpha-D-GalNAc-(1->4)]2-[beta-D-Glc-(1->3)]-[alpha-D-GalNAc-(1->4)]2-alpha-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-diNAcBac linked via a diphospho group to tritrans,heptacis-undecaprenol.


perillyl alcohol

A limonene monoterpenoid consists of a cyclohexene ring substituted by a hydroxymethyl  and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively. It is a constituent of a variety of essential oils including lavender.


beta-curcumene

A sesquiterpene that is alpha-curcumene in which the p-tolyl group has been reduced to a 4-methylcyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-yl group.


BORNEOL

A bornane monoterpenoid that is 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


8-oxocitronellyl enol

An alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde that is octa-2,7-dienal which is substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8, methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, and in which both double bonds have E configuration.


dihydrocarveol

A p-menthane monoterpenoid that is the dihydro derivative of  carveol.


shionone

A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is perhydrochrysene which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 1, 4bbeta, 6aalpha, 8beta, 10abeta and 12a positions, by a 4-methylpent-3-enyl group at the 8alpha position, and with an oxo group at position 2.


deacetylipecoside aglycone(1+)

An organic cation that is the conjugate acid of deacetylipecoside aglycone, arising from protonation of the secondary amino group; major species at pH 7.3


PERILLYL ALCOHOL

A perillyl alcohol in which the chiral centre has S configuration.


ALPHA-TERPINENE

One of three isomeric monoterpenes differing in the positions of their two double bonds (beta- and gamma-terpinene being the others). In alpha-terpinene the  double bonds are at the 1- and 3-positions of the p-menthane skeleton.


3,21-dioxoolean-18-en-28-oic acid

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-18-ene substituted by a carboxy group at position 28 and oxo groups at positions 3 and 21 respectively. Isolated from the leaves of Acacia aulacocarpa, it exhibits inhibitory activity against Tie2 kinase (EC 2.7.10.1) as well as modest activity against a variety of cultured mammalian cells.


sesquarterpene

Any terpene having a 35-carbon skeleton.


A polyprenyl glycosyl diphosphate having N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine as the glycosyl fragment.


cucurbitacin J

A  cucurbitacin that is 9,10,14-trimethyl-4,9-cyclo-9,10-secocholesta-2,5-diene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 16, 20, 24 and 25 and oxo groups at positions 1, 11 and 22.


bisanhydrobacterioruberin

A C50 carotenoid that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of bacterioruberin, a red-coloured pigment found in several Halobacterium and Haloarcula species.


trichagmalin F

A limonoid with a phragmalin skeleton isolated from the leaves of Trichilia connaroides.


gibberellin A4 methyl ester

A gibberellin ester that is the methyl ester of gibberellin A4.


henicosaprenyl diphosphate

A polyprenol diphosphate compound having twenty-one prenyl units with undefined stereochemistry about the double bonds.


nolinospiroside F

A spirostanyl glycoside that is isolated from Ophiopogon japonicus and exhibits antioxidant properties.


ophiobolin F

A sesterterpenoid that is (7Z)-ophiobola-7,19-diene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 3.


benzoylaconine

A diterpene alkaloid with formula C32H45NO10 that is isolated from several Aconitum species.


isoprene

A hemiterpene with the formula CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH2; the monomer of natural rubber and a common structure motif to the isoprenoids, a large class of other naturally occurring compounds.


spirilloxanthin

A carotenoid ether that is (3E,3'E)-1,1'-dihydroxy-3,3',4,4'-tetradehydro-1,1',2,2'-tetrahydro-psi,psi-carotene in which both hydroxyl hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.


virgatic acid

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-12-ene substituted by a carboxy group at position 28, a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 1. It has been isolated from Juglans sinensis.


DIHYDROCELASTROL

A pentacyclic triterpenoid with formula C29H40O4, originally isolated from the root bark of Tripterygium regelii.


DAPHNETOXIN

A daphnane-type orthoester diterpene with potential cholesterol-lowering activity, found exclusively in plants of the family Thymelaeaceae.


NALANTHALIDE

A pyranone diterpenoid isolated from Nalanthamala and Chaunopycnis alba and has been shown to be a blocker of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3


glochidonol

A  pentacyclic triterpenoid that is lup-20(29)-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 1 and an oxo group at position 3. It has been isolated from Breynia fruticosa.


ASCOCHLORIN

A dihydroxybenzaldehyde that is 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde which is substituted by a (1E,3E)-3-methyl-1-[(1R,2R,6R)-1,2,6-trimethyl-3-oxocyclohexyl]penta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at position 3, chlorine at position 5, and a methyl group at position 6. A meroterpenoid produced by several fungi including Ascochyta viciae . It exhibits anticancer, antifungal and antiprotozoal activities.


kaurane diterpenoid

A diterpenoid compound having a kaurane skeleton.


caribenol A

A terpene lactone that is 3,4,5,5a,6,7,7a,10,10a,10b-decahydro-2H-1-oxabenzo[cd]cyclopenta[h]azulen-2-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 10b and methyl groups at positions 3, 6, 9 and 10a. It is isolated from the West Indian gorgonian octocoral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae and exhibits antitubercular and antimalarial activity.


absinthin

A dimeric sesquiterpene lactone that is produced by the plant Artemisia absinthium (Wormwood). The bitter tasting constituent of Absinthe.


echinenone

A  carotenone that is beta-carotene in which the 4 position has undergone formal oxidation to afford the corresponding ketone. Isolated as orange-red crystals, it is widely distributed in marine invertebrates.


A  lathyrane diterpenoid isolated from the roots of Euphorbia micractina.


ARDISIANOSIDE C

A triterpenoid saponin that is composed of (3beta,16alpha)-13,28-epoxyoleanane-3,16-diol having a alpha-L-Rhap-(1->2)-beta-D-Glcp-(1->4)-alpha-L-Arap moiety attached at position 3 by a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated from the whole plants of Ardisia japonica and exhibits significant cytotoxicity against a panel of human cancer cell lines.


michaolide B

A cembrane diterpenoid with cytotoxic activity isolated from the soft coral Lobophytum michaelae.


(+)-menthol

A p-menthan-3-ol which has (1S,2R,5S)-stereochemistry. In contrast to (-)-menthol, the (+)-enantiomer occurs only rarely in nature.


geranylgeraniol

A diterpenoid that is hexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7, 11 and 15 and a hydroxy group at position 1.


Sesterviolene A

A sesterterpene that is produced by a sesterterpene synthase from Streptomyces violens


Sesterviridene A

A sesterterpene that is produced by a sesterterpene synthase from Kitasatospora viridis.


A triterpenoid saponin that is composed of primulagenin A having a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl moiety attached to position 3 by a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated from the whole plants of Ardisia pusilla and exhibits cytotoxic activity against human gliboblastoma U251MG cells.


A cembrane diterpenoid that is cembra-2E,8-(19),11Z-trien-20,10-olide substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 4 and 8. It has been isolated from the leaves of Croton gratissimus.


isoelisabethatriene

A carbobicylic compound that is 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydronaphthalene which is carrying a (6S)-2-methylhept-2-en-6-yl group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 4R and 7.


An abietane diterpenoid isolated from the stem bark of Fraxinus sieboldiana.


quassimarin

A quassinoid isolated from Quassia amara and Leitneria floridana and has been shown to exhibit antitumour activity.


RUBIYUNNANOL B

A pentacyclic triterpenoid of the class of arborinane-type terpenoids isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis.


A  triterpenoid saponin that is the carboxylic ester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy group of arjunolic acid with  beta-D-glucopyranose. It has been isolated from Juglans sinensis.


RESINIFERATOXIN

A heteropentacyclic compound found in Euphorbia poissonii with molecular formula C37H40O9. It is an agonist of the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TrpV1).


11-cis-retinoic acid

The 11-cis-isomer of retinoic acid.


subrutilene G

A sesterterpene produced in the bacterium Streptomyces subrutilus.


spirolaurenone

A spirocyclic sesquiterpenoid that is isolated from the red alga Laurencia glandulifera.


dolabradiene

A carbotricyclic compound and diterpene that is tetradecahydrophenanthrene which is substituted by a methylene group at position 1, methyl groups at positions 4b, 7, and 10a, and a vinyl group at position 7 (the 4aS,4bR,7S,8aR,10aS stereoisomer).


AURAPTENE

A member of the class of coumarins that is umbelliferone in which the phenolic hydrogen has been replaced by a geranyl group. Ii is isolated from several edible fruits and vegetables and exhibits a variety of therapeutic properties.


verlotorin

A germacranolide isolated from Laurus nobilis L.


dolichodial

A dialdehyde that is cyclopentanecarbaldehyde substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 3-oxo-prop-1-en-2yl group at position 5. It has been found to occur in pheromones of insects such as aphids.


Compound 524 in Scheme 3 from pmid:30468448. Produced by the same enzyme that produces CHEBI:144560


PORICOIC ACID A

A tricyclic triterpenoid isolated from Poria cocos.


(-)-beta-chamigrene

The (6R)-enantiomer of beta-chamigrene.


oleuropein aglycone

A secoiridoid that is the methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4 by hydroxy, ethylidene, and carboxymethyl groups, respectively and in which the carboxylic acid moiety of the carboxymethyl substituent has been converted to the corresponding 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (the 2R,3E,4S stereoisomer). The most important phenolic compound present in olive cultivars.


(-)-delta-cadinol

A cadinane sesquiterpenoid that consists of 1,6-dimethyl-4-(propan-2-yl)-1,2,3,4,4a,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene having a hydroxy substituent at position 1 and (1R,4S,4aR,8aS)-configuration.


AGLAIABBREVIATIN A

A  tetracyclic triterpenoid isolated from the stems of Aglaia abbreviata.


alpha-seco-amyrin

A triterpenoid that is (2S)-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-2-ol substituted by methyl groups at the 1, 1, 4a, and 6 positions and substituted at position 5 by a 2-[(4aR,7R,8S,8aR)-2,4a,7,8-tetramethyl-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-1-yl]ethyl group.


A hopanoid that is hopane substituted by an acetoxy group at position 29.


CARNOSIC ACID

An abietane diterpenoid that is abieta-8,11,13-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 11 and 12 and a carboxy group at position 20. It is isolated from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and common sage (Salvia officinalis) and exhibits anti-angiogenic, antineoplastic, antioxidant and anti-HIV activity.


taxine B

A diterpene alkaloid and potent cardiotoxin that is found in the leaves and berries of the European yew (Taxus baccata).


A fenchone that has (1R,4S)-stereochemistry. It is a constituent of the essential oils obtained from fennel.


scutebarbatine E

A diterpene alkaloid of group of neo-clerodanes isolated from the whole plants of Scutellaria barbata and has been shown to exhibit neoplastic activity.


HYPONINE E

A sesquiterpene alkaloid that is isolated from Tripterygium hypoglaucum.


NOOTKATONE

A sesquiterpenoid that is 4,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydronaphthalen-2(3H)-one which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4 and 4a, and by an isopropenyl group at position 6 (the 4R,4aS,6R stereoisomer).


forskoditerpenoside E

A diterpene glycoside that is labd-14-en-11-one substituted by beta-acetoxy group at position 6, an epoxy group between positions 8 and 13 and a beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy group at position 1 (the 1alpha stereoisomer). Isolated from the whole plant of Coleus forskohlii, it shows relaxative effects on isolated guinea pig tracheal spirals in vitro.


FATSICARPAIN C

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is oleana-11,13(18)-diene substituted by a alpha-hydroxy group at position 3, an oxo group at position 23 and a carboxy group at position 28. Isolated from the leaves and twigs of Fatsia polycarpa, it exhibits anti-HBV activity.


A limonoid that is 20,21,22,23-tetrahydroazadirone substituted by an additional oxo group at position 23. It has been isolated from Azadirachta indica.


rotundifolioside H

A triterpenoid saponin that consists of urs-11-ene substituted by an epoxy group across positions 13 and 28, a hydroxy groups at position 16 and 23 and a beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-fucopyranosyloxy group at position 3 (the 3beta,16alpha stereoisomer). Isolated from the fruits of Bupleurum rotundifolium, it exhibits antiproliferative activity against cancer cells.


lansioside A

A triterpene glycoside isolated from the fruit peels of Lansium domesticum and has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against leukotriene.


An abietane diterpenoid isolated from the stem bark of Fraxinus sieboldiana.


A  tricyclic diterpenoid isolated from the stem bark of Fraxinus sieboldiana.


p-menthadiene

A monoterpene that consists of an unsaturated p-menthane skeleton having two double bonds.


An apo carotenoid triterpenoid that is tetracosane containing double bonds at the 2-3, 6-7, 8-9, 10-11, 12-13, 14-15, 16-17, 18-19, and 22-23 positions, and substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 6, 10, 15, 19, and 23.


dehydroeburiconic acid

A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is lanost-8-en-21-oic acid substituted by a methylidene group at position 24 and an oxo group at position 3. It has been isolated from Poria cocos.


A germacrane sesquiterpenoid that is germacra-1(10),4-diene carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 11.


paclitaxel

A tetracyclic diterpenoid isolated originally from the bark of the Pacific yew tree, Taxus brevifolia. It is a mitotic inhibitor used in cancer chemotherapy. Note that the use of the former generic name 'taxol' is now limited, as Taxol is a registered trade mark.


caribenol B

A cyclic terpene ketone that is 2a,3,4,5,5a,6,7,8-octahydroacenaphthylen-1(2H)-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 2a, methyl groups at positions 2, 5 and 8 and a 2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl group at position 3. It is isolated from the the West Indian gorgonian octocoral Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae and exhibits antitubercular and antimalarial activity.


juvenile hormone

A family of farnesane sesquiterpenoids that regulate many aspects of insect physiology.


subrutilene B

A sesterterpene produced in the bacterium Streptomyces subrutilus.


A terpene lactone that is oxepan-2-one bearing an isopropenyl substituent at position 4 as well as hydroxy and methyl substituents at position 7.


α-humulene

The (1E,4E,8E)-isomer of alpha-humulene.


A hopanoid that is hop-22(29)-ene substituted by an acetoxy group at position 3 and a hydroxy group at position 15 (the 3beta,15alpha-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from Hypocrella species.


An abietane diterpenoid that is ferruginol in which a hydrogen of the bridgehead methyl group and the hydrogen ortho to the phenolic hydroxy group have both been replaced by hydroxy groups.


abietadiene

A diterpene consisting of abietane having two C=C double bonds at unspecified positions.


astragaloside II

A triterpenoid saponin that is cycloastragenol glycosylated at positions 3 and 6 by 2-O-acetyl-beta-D-xylosyl and beta-D-glucosyl residues respectively.


clethroidoside G

A triterpenoid saponin that is (3beta,16alpha)-3,16-dihydroxy-12-oxooleanan-28-al attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)]-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the aerial parts of Lysimachia clethroides.


LAMESTICUMIN D

A triterpenoid of the class of onoceranoid-type terpenoids isolated from the twigs of Lansium domesticum.


NERYL ACETATE

An acetate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of nerol with the carboxy group of acetic acid.


lathyrane diterpenoid

Any tricyclic diterpenoid with a 11-membered macrocycle fused to a cyclopropane ring. They are commonly isolated from the plant species of the family Euphorbiaceae and have been found to exhibit cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities.


A taxane diterpenoid that is taxa-4(20),11-diene in which the 5alpha hydrogen has been replaced by an acetoxy group and the 10beta and 14beta hydrogens by hydroxy groups.


A 3beta-hydroxy-4alpha-formyl-4beta-methylsteroid that is 9beta-9,19-cyclolanost-24-ene-3beta,28-diol in which the hydroxy group at position 28 has been oxidised to the corresponding aldehyde.


alpha-cubebene

A tricyclic sesquiterpene with formula C15H24, isolated from Hungarian thyme, citrus fruit, chamomile, and several other flowering plants.


ascofuranol

A dihydroxybenzaldehyde that is 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde which is substituted by a {(2E,6E)-7-[(2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-3-methylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl} group at position 3, chlorine at position 5, and a methyl group at position 6. A meroterpenoid produced by various filamentous fungi, including Acremonium egyptiacum.


BREYNCEANOTHANOLIC ACID

A triterpenoid of the nor-ceanothane-type isolated from the roots of Breynia fruticosa and has been shown to exhibit cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines.


combretanone A

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is 9beta,19-cyclolanostane substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and hydroxy groups at positions 7, 23R*, 24R* and 25. It has been isolated from the leaves of Combretum quadrangulare.


all-trans-hexaprenol

A long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is the all-trans-isomer of hexaprenol.


delta-araneosene

A diterpene.


15-acetyltrichagmalin C

A limonoid with a phragmalin skeleton isolated from the leaves of Trichilia connaroides.


variediene

A tricyclic diterpene that was initially produced by a chimeric terpene synthase gene found in the fungus Emericella variecolor which was heterologously expressed in Aspergillus oryzae.


A phytofluene having (E)-double bonds at the 6-, 12-, 14-, 18-, 22- and 26 positions and (Z)-double bonds at the 10- and 16-positions.


A hopanoid that consists of hop-22(29)-ene carrying an additional methyl substituent at the 2beta-position.


oridonin

An organic heteropentacyclic compound and ent-kaurane diterpenoid with formula C20H28O6 isolated from the leaves of the medicinal herb Rabdosia rubescens.


tetracyclic triterpenoid

Any triterpenoid consisting of a tetracyclic skeleton.


glochierioside A

A triterpenoid saponin that is 3beta,16beta,28-trihydroxyolean-12-ene substituted by a beta-benzoyloxy group at position 22 and a 3-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl  group at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Glochidion eriocarpum, it exhibits cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines.


An abietane diterpenoid isolated from the stem bark of Fraxinus sieboldiana.


amarogentin

A secoiridoid glycoside that consists of (4aS,5R,6R)-5-ethenyl-6-hydroxy-4,4a,5,6-tetrahydro-1H,3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-1-one having a  2-O-[(3,3',5-trihydroxybiphenyl-2-yl)carbonyl]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl group attached at position 6 via a glycosidic linkage.


stellatic acid

A sesterterpenoid with formula C25H38O2 which is isolated from the fungus Emericella variecolor.


baccharis oxide

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is perhydrochrysene which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 1, 1, 4bbeta, 6aalpha, 8beta and 10abeta positions, by a 4-methylpent-3-enyl group at the 8alpha position, and with a beta-oxygen bridge between the 2 and the 4a positions.


(+)-8'-hydroxyabscisic acid

The 8'-hydroxylated derivative of (+)-abscisic acid.


A heterobicyclic compound that is costunolide in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


isobornyl formate

A bornane monoterpenoid that is isoborneol in which the hydroxy hydrogen has been replaced by a formyl group.


DEACETYLNIMBIN

A limonoid that is nimbin in which the acetyloxy group at position 6 is replaced by a hydroxy hroup. It has been isolated from Azadirachta indica.


cassaidine

A tricyclic diterpenoid that is is isolated from several plant species including Erythrophleum guineense and Erythrophleum ivorense. It is toxic with a digitalis like effect on the heart and a strong local anesthetic action.


beta-D-mannosyl decaprenyl phosphate

A polyprenyl glycosyl phosphate that is 1-O-phosphono-beta-D-mannopyranose in which one of the hydroxy groups of the phosphate is substituted by a [(2Z,6Z,10Z,14Z,18Z,22Z,26Z,30Z,34E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyltetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaen-1-yl]oxy group.


A bicyclic diterpene consisting of 2,3,5,6,9,10,13,13a-octahydro-1H-benzo[11]annulene carrying five methyl substituents at positions 3, 3, 7, 11 and 13a.


gibberellin A61

A C19-gibberellin, initially identified in Triticum aestivum; it differs from gibberellin A1 in the absence of OH groups at C-2 and C-7 (gibbane numberings).


A hydrocarbyladenosine in which adenosine is substituted at N-6 by an isopentenyl group.


9-deoxy-hymatoxin A

An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is isopimarane in which a hydrogen at position 2 of the 13-ethyl substituent has been replaced by a (sulfooxy) group, a double bond has been introduced at the 7-8 position, and the beta-methyl group at position 4 has been oxidised to the corrsponding carboxy group and coupled to position 6 to give a gamma-lactone. Isolated from an avendophytic fungus, Xylaria sp. YM 311647, obtained from Azadirachta indica, it shows potent inhibitory activity against C. albicans and Pyricularia oryzae.


all-trans-phytofluene

The all-trans-isomer of  phytofluene.


An ent-kaurane diterpenoid that is ent-kaur-16-en-18-oic acid substituted by a beta-L-3',5'-diacetoxy-arabinofuranosyl moiety at position 18 via a glycosidic linkage. It is isolated from the whole herb of Sagittaria pygmaea and exhibits antibacterial activity against the oral pathogens.


rediocide G

A diterpenoid of the class of daphnane-type terpenes. Isolated from Trigonostemon reidioides, it exhibits cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines.


15-hydroxyajubractin C

A diterpenoid isolated from the aerial parts of Ajuga bracteosa.


trichagmalin C

A limonoid with a phragmalin skeleton isolated from the leaves of Trichilia connaroides.


rubixanthin

A carotenol that is a natural xanthophyll pigment. It was formerly used as a food colourant (E161d), but approval for this purpose has been withdrawn throughout the European Union.


A taxane diterpenoid that is paclitaxel which is lacking the N-benzoyl group. It is a biosynthetic precursor of paclitaxel.


1,30-diacetyltrichagmalin F

A  limonoid that is the 1,30-diacetyl derivative of trichagmalin F. It has been isolated from Trichilia connaroides.


A 6-hydroxycamphor that is (+)-camphor bearing a 6-endo-hydroxy substituent.


15-epi-lupulin B

A diterpenoid isolated from the aerial parts of Ajuga bracteosa and has been shown to exhibit antifeedant activity.


CUCURBITACIN R

A 23,24-dihydrocucurbitacin in which a lanostane skeleton is multi-substituted with hydroxy, methyl and oxo substituents, with unsaturation at position 5.


rebaudioside B

A rebaudioside that is steviol in which the hydroxy group is replaced by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl group.


trans,polycis-decaprenyl phosphate

A polyprenol phosphate having ten prenyl units in the chain (the 2Z,6Z,10Z,14Z,18Z,22Z,26Z,30Z,34E-isomer)


BETA-EUDESMOL

A carbobicyclic compound that is trans-decalin substituted at positions 2, 4a, and 8 by 2-hydroxypropan-2-yl, methyl and methylidene groups, respectively (the 2R,4aR,8aS-diastereoisomer).


A 4,4'-diapophytoene in which the double bond at position 15 has Z- (cis-) geometry, while those at positions 9, 13, 9' and 13' have E- (trans-) geometry.


gibberellin A98

A C20-gibberellin that is tha lactone form of gibberellin A15 carrying two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 7.


germacrane

The fundamental parent of a class of sesquiterpenes with a structure based upon a cyclodecane ring substituted with an isopropyl and two methyl groups.


CARDIVIN D

A germacranolide isolated from the aerial parts of Carpesium divaricatum. It exhibits cytotoxicity against the human tumor cells, A-549 (nonsmall cell lung), SK-OV-3 (ovary), SK-MEL-2 (skin), XF-498 (central nervous system) and HCT-15 (colon).


cadinane sesquiterpenoid

Any sesquiterpenoid with a cadinane skeleton.


artabsin

A tricyclic sesquiterpene lactone found in wormwood.


(+)-delta-cadinol

A cadinane sesquiterpenoid that consists of 1,6-dimethyl-4-(propan-2-yl)-1,2,3,4,4a,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene having a hydroxy substituent at position 1 and (1S,4R,4aS,8aR)-configuration.


SANTAMARIN

A sesquiterpene lactone of the eudesmanolide group.


saikosaponin C

A member of the class of saikosaponins that is saikogenin E substituted by a 6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl-(1->4)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl group at position 3beta. It is a natural product isolated from the traditional Chinese herb, Radix Bupleuri and exhibits anti-HBV replication activity.


A  hopanoid that is hopane substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7, 15 and 22 respectively (the 7beta,15alpha-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from Hypocrella species.


(+)-alpha-phellandrene

The (5S)-stereoisomer of alpha-phellandrene (5-isopropyl-2-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene).


hemiterpene

A C5 terpene.


An undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl peptide in which the peptide moiety is L-alanyl-D-isoglutaminyl-N(6)-glycyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine.


Euphorbia diterpenoid 3

A tetracyclic diterpenoid isolated from the whole plant of Euphorbia decipiens and exhibits inhibitory activity against prolyl endopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.26).


An alpha-D-Glc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc(PP-Dol) in which the anomeric centre has alpha-configuration.


GINSENOSIDE RD

A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to its beta-D-glucopyranoside.


gibberellin A2

A C19-gibberellin, initially identified in Gibberella fujikuroi; it differs from gibberellin A1 in the absence of an OH group at C-7 and the substitution of the methylidene grouping at C-8 by alpha-OH and beta-Me groups (gibbane numberings).


DIANVERSICOSIDE E

A pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin isolated from the aerial parts of Dianthus versicolor. It has been shown to exhibit cytotoxic activity against a panel of cancer cell lines.


KHEKADAENGOSIDE K

A triterpenoid saponin isolated from Machilus yaoshansis.


isotrichodermol

A trichothecene mycotoxin produced by Fusarium graminearum. It is a biosynthetic precursor in the synthesis of T2-toxin.


secoxyloganin

A secoiridoid glycoside that is [(2R,3R,4S)-2-hydroxy-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-3-vinyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]acetic acid in which the anometric hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucoside. It has been isolated from several plant species and exhibits antioxidant and anti-allergic properties.


A  lathyrane diterpenoid isolated from the roots of Euphorbia micractina.


methyl lansiolate

A triterpenoid that is the methyl ester of lansiolic acid. It has been isolated from the twigs of Lansium domesticum.


all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate

An all-trans-polyprenyl diphosphate composed from seven isoprenyl units.


culmorin

A sesquiterpenoid fungal metabolite isolated from Fusarium culmorum.


YADANZIOLIDE U

A  quassinoid that is picras-3-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 11, 12 and 15, oxo groups at positions 2 and 16 and a beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy residue at position 21. It has been isolated from he ethanol extract of the stem of Brucea mollis.


neoeuonymine

A sesquiterpene alkaloid that is isolated from Euonymus Sieboldiana.


michaolide I

A cembrane diterpenoid with cytotoxic activity isolated from the soft coral Lobophytum michaelae.


nonaflavuxanthin

A C45 carotenoid that is an intermediate in the biosyntheses of decaprenoxanthin by Corynebacterium glutamicum and gamma-cyclic sarcinaxanthin by Micrococcus luteus.


A diterpene consisting of taxane having two C=C double bonds at the 4(5)- and 11(12)-positions.


A polyprenyl glycosyl phosphate consisting of beta-D-erythro-pentofuranosid-2-ulose attached at the 1-position to trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate.


cycloastragenol

A sapogenin that is the aglycone derivative of astragaloside IV, a major saponin extracted from the root of Astragalus membranaceus.


A scalarane sesterterpenoid that is 12-epi-deoxoscalarin in which the acetoxy group at position 12 is replaced by a hydroxy group while the hydroxy group at position 19 is replaced by a methoxy group. It has been isolated from the sponge, Hyattella species.


(+)-alpha-curcumene

An alpha-curcumene that has S configuration at the chiral centre.


An undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl peptide in which the peptide element is L-alanyl-D-gamma-glutamyl-meso-2,6-diaminopimeloyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine.


A lathyrane diterpenoid isolated from the roots of Euphorbia micractina.


oryzalexin E

A tricyclic diterpenoid that is ent-sandaracopimaradiene bearing two additional hydroxy substituents at the 3alpha- and 9beta-positions.


subrutilane

A sesterterpene produced by subrutilane synthase from the bacterium Streptomyces subrutilus.


(+)-beta-phellandrene

A beta-phellandrene in which the chiral centre has S configuration.


beta-hibitakanine

A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of (-)-borneol.


antheraxanthin

An  epoxycarotenol that is beta-carotene-3,3'-diol in which one of the one of the endocyclic double bonds has been oxidised to the corresponding epoxide. It is a neutral yellow plant pigment found in Euglenophyta.


A triterpenoid saponin of the class of cucurbitane glycosides isolated from Machilus yaoshansis.


An apo carotenoid triterpenoid that is 4,4'-diapolycopene in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been replaced by a formyl group.


beta-nimolactone

A limonoid found in Azadirachta indica.


lycoxanthin

A carotenol that is  carotenol psi,psi-carotene substituted by a hydroxy group.


A germacrane sesquiterpenoid derived from germacrane by dehydrogenation between the 1-10, 4-5, and 11-13 positions, and by oxidation of the methyl group at position 12 to the corresponding carboxylic acid.


casbene

A diterpene comprising bicyclo[12.1.0]pentadeca-2,6,10-triene having three methyl substituents located at the 3-, 7- and 11-positions as well as gem-dimethyl groups at the 15-position.


AGLAIABBREVIATIN D

A tetracyclic triterpenoid (dammarane type) isolated from the stems of Aglaia abbreviata.


pentadecaprenyl diphosphate

A polyprenol diphosphate compound having fifteen prenyl units with undefined stereochemistry about the double bonds.


brachialactone

A tetracyclic diterpenoid with formula C20H30O4. It is a nitrification inhibitor isolated from root exudates of Brachiaria humidicola.


An ent-kaurane diterpenoid that is ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid carrying an additional 7alpha-hydroxy substituent.


OPLODIOL

A carbobicyclic compound that is 1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 4, an isoopropyl group at position 7, and by  methyl groups at positions 1 and 4a (the 1S,4R,4aR,8aR isomer). A sesquiterpenoid plant metabolite.


A squalene triterpenoid obtained by formal epoxidation across the 2,3 C=C bond of squalene.


thiogeraniol

A thiol that is geraniol in which the hydroxy group has been replaced by a thiol group.


klymollin E

An eunicellin diterpenoid isolated from the soft coral Klyxum molle.


cumingianoside B

A triterpenoid saponin that is 13,30-cyclodammarane-3,7,23,24,25-pentol esterified to the corresponding acetate at position 3 and attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Dysoxylum cumingianum, it exhibits antileukemic activity.


gummiferaoside B

A triterpenoid saponin isolated from the roots of of the Madagascan plant Albizia gummifera and has been shown to exhibit cytotoxicity against human ovarian cancer cell line.


A diterpene glycoside that is isopimar-7-en-19-oic acid attached to a alpha-D-mannopyranosyloxy residue at position 16. It has been isolated from the fungus, Xylaria species.


A polyprenyl phospho oligosaccharide consisting of the tetrasaccharide alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamin linked via a diphospho group to ditrans,polycis-undecaprenol.


7-deoxyloganetic alcohol

A cyclopentapyran that is (4aS,7aR)-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group and at positions 4 and 7 by a hydroxymethyl and methyl group, respectively (the 1R,4aS,7S,7aR-diastereomer).


DEMETHYLCRYPTOJAPONOL

An abietane diterpenoid that is sugiol in which the hydrogen ortho to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


CORNUSALTERIN K

A  tirucallane triterpenoid that is (13alpha,14beta,17alpha,20S)-lanost-5-ene substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and a beta-hydroxy group at position 1.


botryosphaerin H

A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is decahydro-4H,9H-[2]benzofuro[7,1-fg]isochromene-4,9-dionewhich is substituted by methyl groups at the 3a and 10b positions and by hydroxy groups at the 6 and 6a positions. A tetranorlabdane diterpenoid isolated from isolated from the solid fermentation products of Botryosphaeria sp. P483 that exhibits antifungal activity.


A sesquiterpenoid that is (1E,4E,8E)-alpha-humulene which is substituted by a hydroxy group at the carbon atom attached to two double bonds (position 8).


A  pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from the leaves of  Garcia parviflora.


SCLAREOL

A labdane diterpenoid that is labd-14-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 8 and 13. It has been isolated from Salvia sclarea.


A diterpene derived from pimarane by dehydrogenation across the  C(8)-C(14) and C(15)-C(16) bonds


8-epiiridodial lactol

A lactol that is (+)-iridodial lactol in which the configuration of the carbon at position 7 is inverted from S to R.


all-trans-polyprenyl diphosphate

A polyprenol diphosphate of unspecified chain-length with all double bonds having (E)-configuration.


KLYMOLLIN B

An eunicellin diterpenoid isolated from the soft coral Klyxum molle. It is the C-7 epimer of Klymollin A.


(-)-endo-fenchol

A fenchane monoterpenoid that is bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane substituted by methyl groups at positions 1, 3 and 3 and a hydroxy group at position 2 (the 1S,2S,4R stereoisomer).


A  tirucallane triterpenoid found in Dysoxylum lenticellatum.


samaderine Y

A quassinoid isolated from  Ailanthus malabarica and Quassia indica and has been shown to exhibit cytotoxic activity.


A lathyrane diterpenoid isolated from the roots of Euphorbia micractina.


A retinoid that is 9-cis-retinoic acid in which the carboxy proton has been replaced by a beta-D-glucuronyl group. It is a major metabolite of 9-cis-retinoic acid.


eudesmane sesquiterpenoid

Any sesquiterpenoid having a eudesmane skeleton.


A sesquiterpenoid that is (4Z,8Z)-4,8-dimethyltrideca-4,8-diene carrying two oxo substituents at positions 1 and 12. A product from bacterial degradation of rubber.


ALBIZOSIDE B

A triterpenoid saponin isolated from the stem bark of Albizia chinensis that exhibits cytotoxic activity against a small panel of human tumour cell lines.


ent-zingiberene

The enantiomer of zingiberine.


GEDUNIN

A pentacyclic triterpenoid natural product found  particularly in Azadirachta indica and Cedrela odorata.


melemeleone B

A sesquiterpenoid with a quinone and taurine functionality. It is isolated from the sponge Dysidea avara, and exhibits inhibitory activity against tyrosine kinase.


all-trans-retinyl dodecanoate

An all-trans-retinyl ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of dodecanoic (lauric) acid with the hydroxy group of all-trans-retinol.


A cyclic monoterpene ketone that is camphor bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 5.


alpha-isomethylionyl acetate

An acetate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of acetic acid with the hydroxy group of 3-methyl-4-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-yl)but-3-en-2-ol. It is used a flavoring agent.


ginsenoside Mc

A ginsenoside found in Panax notoginseng that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions and in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside.


salvin A

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3 and 5 (the 2alpha,3beta stereoisomer). Isolated from Salvia santolinifolia, it exhibits inhibitory activity against cholinesterase.


avenacoside B

A steroid saponin obtained from grain and leaves of oats (Avena sativa) that is nuatigenin in which the hydroxy group at position 26 is converted to its beta-D-glucoside and in which the hydroxy group at position 3 is converted into its methyl alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside derivative.


A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is lanost-8-ene carrying hydroxy and oxo substituents at positions 3beta and 30 respectively.


REBAUDIOSIDE M

A rebaudioside that is rebaudioside A in which the the hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3 of the beta-D-glucosyl ester moiety have both been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucoside. Found in very low concentraitions in the leaves of Stevia Rebaudiana, it is more than 200 times sweeter than sucrose.


secoiridoid

An iridoid monoterpenoid in which a bond in the cyclopentane ring has been cleaved.


torvoside H

A steroid saponin that is (5alpha,6alpha,22R,25S)-6,22,26-trihydroxyfurostan-3-one in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been converted into the beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-alpha-L-rhamnoside derivative, while that at position 26 has been converted to its beta-D-glucoside. Torvoside H is a natural product found in the fruit of Solanum torvum which shows antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1.


klymollin G

An eunicellin diterpenoid isolated from the soft coral Klyxum molle.


A limonoid found in Azadirachta indica.


A sesquiterpene that is 2-methylcyclohexa-1,3-diene in which a hydrogen at the 5 position is substituted (R configuration) by a 6-methyl-hept-5-en-2-yl group (R configuration). 7-Epizingiberene is a specific sesquiterpene with toxic and repellent properties that is produced and stored in glandular trichomes.


DISOGENIN

A  sapogenin that is spirostan which is substituted by a hydroxy group at the 3beta position, contains a double bond at the 5-6 position, and has R- configuration at position 25. A natural product found in Dioscorea (wild yam) species, it is used as the starting point for the commercial synthesis of a number of steroids, including cortisone, pregnenolone and progesterone.


(-)-beta-curcumene

A beta-curcumene that has R configuration at the chiral centre.


CYCLOCITRAL

A monoterpenoid formally derived from citral by cyclisation. It is a volatile compound produced by a cyanobacteria.


MANOOL

A labdane diterpenoid in which the labdane skeleton has double bonds at positions 8(17) and 14 and carries an S-hydroxy group at position 13.


ASPERULOSIDE

A iridoid monoterpenoid glycoside isolated from Galium verum.


An octahydronaphthalene that is 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7-octahydronaphthalene substituted by isopropyl, methyl, and methylidene groups at positions 1, 4 and 7, respectively (the (1S,4R,4aS)-stereoisomer).


(-)-spiroviolene

A spirocyclic diterpene with formula C20H32 which is produced by a diterpene cyclase gene expressed in an engineered Streptomyces host.


YADANZIOLIDE B

A  quassinoid that is 13,20-epoxypicras-3-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 6, 11, 12, 14, 15 and 21 and oxo groups at positions 2 and 16. Isolated from the ethanol extract of the stem of Brucea mollis, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.


hydroxyretinoic glucuronide

Any retinoid obtained by the glycosylation of hydroxyretinoic acid with glucuronic acid.


3beta-hydroxyfriedelan-23-oic acid

A  pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from the leaves of Garcia parviflora.


A polyprenyl glycosyl diphosphate having N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as the glycosyl fragment.


CITRONELLIC ACID

A monounsaturated fatty acid that is oct-6-enoic acid carrying methyl groups at positions 3 and 7.


A polyprenyl glycosyl phosphate consisting of the 32-membered glycosyl moiety, [beta-D-Galf-(1->5)-beta-D-Galf-(1->6)]14-beta-D-Galf-(1->5)-beta-D-Galf-(1->4)-alpha-L-Rhap-(1->3)-alpha-D-GlcpNAc attached at the 1-position to trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate.


gibberellin A8

A C19-gibberellin, initially identified in Phaseolus coccineus. It differs from gibberellin A1 in the presence of an extra beta-OH group at C-3 (gibbane numbering).


A  lathyrane diterpenoid isolated from the roots of Euphorbia micractina.


LUCIDENIC ACID N

A  tetracyclic triterpenoid that is 25,26,27-trinorlanost-8-en-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 and oxo groups at positions 11 and 15 respectively (the 3beta,5alpha,7beta stereoisomer). Isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum, it exhibits cytotoxicity against tumour cells.


ISOALANTOLACTONE

A sesquiterpene lactone of the eudesmanolide group. It has been isolated from Inula helenium.


dinochrome A

A carotenoid that is 6,7'-didehydro-5,5',6,8-tetrahydro-5,8-epoxy-beta,beta-carotene substituted by acetyloxy group at position 3' and hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5' respectively. Isolated from the fresh water red tide Peridinium bipes, it has been found to inhibit proliferation of human malignant tumor cells, such as GOTO, OST and HeLa cells.


ARGLABIN

An organic heterotetracyclic compound and guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone that is acrylic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a 4-hydroxy-3,8-dimethyl-1,3a,4,5,6,7-hexahydroazulen-5-yl group in which the double bond in the 7-membered ring has been epoxidised and in which the hydroxy group and the carboxy group have undergone formal condensation to give the corresponding gamma-lactone. It is found in Artemisia glabella. Arglabin-DMA HCl, the hydrochloride salt of the adduct resulting from the conjugate addition of dimethylamine to the ene-lactone moiety, has been successfully used in Khazakhstan for the treatment of breast, colon, ovarian and lung cancers.


candidoside

A triterpenoid saponin that is primulagenin A attached to a  tetrasaccharide residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the aerial parts of Lysimachia clethroides.


omega-hydroxygeranylgeraniol

A diterpenoid obtained by hydroxylation of one of the terminal methyl groups of geranylgeraniol.


4beta-carboxyl motiol

Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


A carotenoid having the structure of beta-carotene but with a cis double bond at the 9,10-position.


all-trans-18-hydroxyretinoic acid

A retinoid that consists of all-trans-retinoic acid bearing an hydroxy substituent at position 18.


A 7-hydroxy-4-isopropenyl-7-methyloxepan-2-one that has R configuration at position 4.


An apo carotenoid C35 terpenoid compound arising from oxidative degradation of the beta,beta-carotene skeleton at the 4'-position.


rubiarboside G 28-acetate

A triterpenoid saponin with an arborinane-type terpenoid as the aglycone. It has been isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis.


A tricyclic diterpenoid isolated from the stem bark of Fraxinus sieboldiana.


diterpene triepoxide

A diterpenoid compound that contains three epoxide groups.


A taxane diterpenoid that is taxusin substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2alpha and 7beta.


ALBIZOSIDE C

A triterpenoid saponin isolated from the stem bark of Albizia chinensis that exhibits cytotoxic activity against a small panel of human tumour cell lines.


A polyprenyl glycosyl phosphate consisting of N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-N,N'-diacetyl-alpha-D-bacillosamine linked via a diphospho group to tritrans,heptacis-undecaprenol.


BACCATIN III

A tetracyclic diterpenoid isolated from plant species of the genus Taxus.


beta-elemene

A sesquiterpene that consists of cyclohexane bearing methyl and vinyl substituents at position 1 as well as two isopropenyl substituents at positions 2 and 4.


callophycoic acid H

A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is 3-bromo-4-hydroxybenzoic acid substituted at position 5 by a decahydronaphthalen-1-ylmethyl group which in turn is substituted by a bromo, two methyl groups, a methylidene and a 4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl group at positions 6, 5, 8a, 2 and 5 respectively. A diterpenoid isolated from the Fijian red alga Callophycus serratus, it exhibits antibacterial, antimalarial and anticancer activities.


spongia-13(16),14-dien-19-oic acid

A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is 3b,4,5,5a,6,7,8,9,9a,9b,10,11-dodecahydrophenanthro[1,2-c]furan substituted by methyl groups at positions 3b, 6 and 9 and a carboxy group at position 6. Isolated from Spongia, it exhibits inhibitory activity against androgen receptor.


eburicol

A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is 24,25-dihydrolanosterol carrying an additional methylene substituent at position 24. A natural product found in Taiwanofungus camphoratus.


(+)-vulgraon B

A sesquiterpene that is tricyclo[5.4.0.0(2,8)]undec-9-ene substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 6, 6, and 9 as well as a methylidene group at position 11.


STEVIOL

An ent-kaurane diterpenoid that is 5beta,8alpha,9beta,10alpha-kaur-16-en-18-oic acid in which the hydrogen at position 13 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


abietane diterpenoid

A diterpenoid based on an  abietane skeleton.


A limonoid that is gedunin in which the acetoxy group at position 7 is replaced by a benzoyloxy group. Isolated from Azadirachta indica, it exhibits cytotoxic activity against HL60 leukemia cells.


beta-longipinene

A bridged compound and sesquiterpene that is tricyclo[5.4.0.0(2,8)]undecane that is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 6, and 6, and by a methylidene group at position 9.


AZADIRACTIN

A member of the family of azadirachtins that is isolated from the neem tree (Azadirachta indica).


An oxabicycloalkane consisting of p-menthane with an epoxy bridge across positions 1 and 4.


inumakilactone B

A diterpene lactone isolated from Podocarpus latifolius and has been shown to exhibit inhibitory activity against activator protein 1 (AP-1).


EPOXYAZADIRADIONE

A limonoid that is  azadiradione with an epoxy group across positions 14 and 15. Isolated from Azadirachta indica it exhibits insecticidal activitry against mosquitoes.


A limonoid that is the C-23 epimer of vepaol. It has been isolated from Azadirachta indica.


YADANZIOLIDE C

A quassinoid isolated from Quassia indica and has been shown to exhibit antimalarial and antineoplastic activity.


TRIPTONIDE

A diterpene triepoxide that is triptobenzene K in which the acylhydroquinone moiety has undergone oxidation to the corresponding triepoxyketone derivative. It has been isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii.


glochierioside B

A triterpenoid saponin that is 3beta,16beta,28-trihydroxyolean-12-ene substituted by a beta-benzoyloxy group at position 22 and a 3-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl group at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Glochidion eriocarpum, it exhibits cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines.


COMBRETIC ACID B

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is 9beta,19-cyclolanost-25-en-28-oic acid substituted by an acetyloxy group at position 7 and hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 24. It has been isolated from the leaves of Combretum quadrangulare.


A polyprenyl glycosyl phosphate consisting of beta-D-arabinofuranose attached at the 1-position to trans,octacis-decaprenyl phosphate.


rediocide F

A diterpenoid of the class of daphnane-type terpenes. It is isolated from Trigonostemon reidioides and has been shown to exhibit insecticidal activity.


beta-heptaprene

An acyclic sesquarterpene that is 3-methylideneoctacosa-1,6,10,14,18,22,26-heptaene carrying six methyl substituents at positions 7, 11, 15, 19, 23 and 27 (the all-E geoisomer).


pyripyropene K

A sesquiterpenoid that consists of a heterotetracyclic system linked to a pyridine moiety. Isolated from the fungus, Aspergillus fumigatus, it exhibits inhibitory activity against acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 2.


(-)-ent-copalol

A labdane diterpenoid in which the labdane skeleton has double bonds at positions 8(17) and 13 (the latter with E-stereochemistry) and carries a hydroxy group at the terminal C-15 position.


mesaconine

A diterpene alkaloid with formula C24H39NO9 that is isolated from the roots of Aconitum carmichaelii.


nerylneryl diphosphate

A polyprenol diphosphate having (Z,Z,Z)-geranylgeraniyl (nerylneryl) as the polyprenyl component.


juvenile hormone II

A member of the juvenile hormone family of compounds that is the methyl ester of  (2E,6E,10R,11S)-10,11-epoxy-3,7,11-trimethyltrideca-2,6-dienoic acid.


A triterpene glycoside with strong antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans. It is isolated from natural Chaetomium sp.no.217.


beta-cryptoxanthin

A carotenol that exhibits antioxidant activity. It has been isolated from fruits such as papaya and oranges.


NEUROLENIN B

A germacranolide isolated from Neurolaena lobata and Austroeupatorium inulifolium and has been shown to exhibit antimalarial activity.


name: (2R)-2-amino-3-(3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,6,10-trienylthio)propanoic acid methyl ester


pinane monoterpenoid

A monoterpenoid based on a pinane skeleton (2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptane) skeleton and its substituted derivatives.


COLOSSOLACTONE VIII

A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is A,B-dihomo-19-nor-4-oxalanosta-1,8,19,24-tetraen-26,22-olide substituted by an acetoxy group at position 15, a hydroxy group at position 23 and an oxo group at position 3 (the 22S, 23R stereoisomer). It is isolated from the fruiting bodies of the Vietnamese mushroom Ganoderma colossum and displays inhibitory activity towards the enzyme HIV protease.


A p-menthane monoterpenoid that is p-menthane carrying a hydroxy group at position 1.


serratol

A cembrane diterpenoid obtained by regio- and stereoselective hydration of the exocyclic double bond of cembrene C.


trichothecene

Any one of a large family of chemically related mycotoxins with a structure based on a sesquiterpene skeleton. The most important structural features causing the biological activities of trichothecenes are a 12,13-epoxy ring, the presence of hydroxy or acetyl groups at appropriate positions on the trichothecene nucleus and the structure and position of the side-chain.


scutebarbatine G

A diterpene alkaloid of group of neo-clerodanes isolated from the whole plants of Scutellaria barbata and has been shown to exhibit neoplastic activity.


GORDONOSIDE J

A triterpenoid saponin that is 3,15,16,28-tetrahydroxyolean-12-en-22-yl (2Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate attached to a tetrasaccharide residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from the stems of Gordonia chrysandra, it exhibits a strong inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production.


cornusalterin D

A  tirucallane triterpenoid that is (13alpha,14beta,17alpha,20S,23E)-lanosta-7,23,25-triene substituted by an oxo group at position 3. It has been isolated from the stem and stem barks of Cornus walteri.


A triterpenoid saponin that has hederagenin as the sapogenin. It has been isolated from the stem barks of Kalopanax pictus.


SESTERSTATIN 3

A scalarane sesterterpenoid isolated from the marine sponge Hyrtios erectus and has been shown to exhibit antineoplastic activity.


gibberellin A53

A C20-gibberellin, initially identified in Vicia faba, that is gibberellin A12 in which a hydroxy substituent is present at the 7alpha- position.


A diterpenoid characterized by a 5-8-5 dodecahydrodicyclopenta[a,d]cyclooctene fused-ring system, with a single double bond and one isopropyl, one hydroxy and three methyl substituents. Intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway to the diterpenoid cyclooctatin.


NIGAICHIGOSIDE F1

A  triterpenoid saponin that is  19alpha-hydroxyasiatic acid attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 28 via a glycosidic linkage. It has been isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata.


gibberellin A15 (lactone form)

A C20-gibberellin that is the lactone form of gibberellin A15.


FENCHONE

A carbobicyclic compound that is fenchane in which the hydrogens at position 2 are replaced by an oxo group. It is a component of essential oil from fennel  (Foeniculum vulgare).


CANTHAXANTHIN

A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene bearing two oxo substituents at positions 4 and 4'.


macrophomene

A triterpene produced by Macrophomina phaseolina macrophomene synthase.


geranyl acetone

A monoterpene ketone in which an (E)-geranyl group is bonded to one of the alpha-methyls of acetone. It is a component of essential oils from various plants including  Nelumbo nucifera.


cornusalterin G

A tirucallane triterpenoid that is (13alpha,14beta,17alpha,20S)-lanosta-7,24-diene substituted  by an oxo group at position 3 and a methoxy group at position 23. It has been isolated from the stem and stem barks of Cornus walteri.


CUMINGIANOSIDE A

A triterpenoid saponin that is 13,30-cyclodammarane-3,7,23,24,25-pentol esterified to the corresponding acetate at position 3 and attached to a 6-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from Dysoxylum cumingianum, it exhibits antileukemic activity.


preluffariellolide A

A sesterterpenoid that is cyclohexane substituted by methyl, hydroxy, (2E,6E,10E)-1-hydroxy-3,7,11-trimethyltrideca-2,6,10-trien-13-yl, methyl and methyl groups at positions 1,1,2,3 and 3, respectively.


abietal

A derivative of abieta-7,13-diene having an oxo group on one of the gem-dimethyl groups.


apo carotenoid C25 terpenoid

A C25 terpenoid compound arising from loss of part of the carotene skeleton.


tulipinolide

A germacranolide based on a 2,3,3a,4,5,8,9,11a-octahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl skeleton.


protopanaxatriol

A tetracyclic triterpenoid sapogenin (isolated from ginseng and notoginseng) that is that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.


(+)-somaliensene B

A sesterterpene that is 1-methylcyclohexene substituted by a (5E,9E)-6,10,14-trimethylpentadeca-1,5,9,13-tetraen-2-yl group at position 4 (the 4R-stereoisomer).


An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 2-oxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-one which has been substituted by an oxo group at position 3, methyl groups at positions 4 and 8, and by a hydroxy group at position 8 (the 1R,4R,5R,8S stereoisomer). Isolated from the plant endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis foedan.


A 3beta-hydroxy-4alpha-formyl-4beta-methylsteroid that is 24-methylenecycloartanol in which the alpha-methyl substituent at position 4 has been substituted by a hydroxy group.


QUILLAIC ACID

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-12-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 16, an oxo group at position 23 and a carboxy group at position 28 (the 3beta,16alpha stereoisomer).


picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid

A group of sesquiterpenoids whose structure is based on a hexahydroindane skeleton, as exemplified by picrotin.


A tricyclic diterpenoidthat is 4a,7-dimethyl-3,4,4a,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene in which the methylene hydrogens at position 2 have been replaced by an oxo group.


hexacyclic triterpenoid

A triterpenoid that consists of a hexacyclic ring system.


iridodial

A dialdehyde that is cyclopentanecarbaldehyde substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 1-methyl-2-oxoethyl group at position 5.


A lathyrane diterpenoid isolated from the roots of Euphorbia micractina.


A (4S)-7-hydroxy-4-isopropenyl-7-methyloxepan-2-one that has R configuration at position 7.


pentalenic acid

A tricyclic sesquiterpenoid that is pentalenene in which the 13-methyl group is oxidsed to the carboxylic acid and position 1 is substituted by a hydroxy group.


syn-copalol

A labdane diterpenoid in which the labdane skeleton has double bonds at positions 8(17) and 13 (the latter with E-stereochemistry) and carries a hydroxy group at the terminal C-15 position.


GINSENOSIDE RB2

A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 20 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside and alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside respectively, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.


CRASSUMOLIDE A

A cembrane diterpenoid isolated from the soft coral Lobophytum crassum and shown to have anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activity.


ISOTANSHINONE IIB

A diterpenoid that is  1,2,3,4-tetrahydrophenanthro[3,2-b]furan-7,11-dione substituted by a hydroxymethyl group at position 4 and methyl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. Isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, it exhibits platelet aggregation inhibitory activity.


An acyclic carotene having the structure 7',8'-dihydro-psi,psi-carotene with cis-double bonds at C-7, C-9 and C-9'.


A triterpenoid obtained by methylation at positions 3 and 20 of C30-botryococcene with concomitant double bond migration.


An abietane diterpenoid isolated from the stem bark of Fraxinus sieboldiana.


CAESALPININ F

A tetracyclic diterpenoid isolated from the seed kernels of Caesalpinia crista that has been found to exhibit antimalarial activity.


secoiridoid glycoside

A glycoside of any secoiridoid.


A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is lanost-8-ene carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3beta and 30.


KANSUIPHORIN A

A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is 13-hydroxyingenol in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3, 13 and 20 are esterified by 2,3-dimethylbutyric acid, lauric acid and palmitic acid. Isolated from the roots of Euphorbia kansui, it exhibits anti-cancerous activity.


A diastereomer of protopanaxadiol in which the 20-hydroxy substituent has been introduced at the pro-S position.


sch 725432

A sesquiterpenoid based on the caryophyllene ring system. Isolated from the fungal fermentation broth of Chrysosporium pilosum, it exhibits antifungal activity.


CABRALEAHYDROXYLACTONE

A tetracyclic triterpenoid isolated from the stems of  Aglaia abbreviata.


2alpha-acetoxy-28-acetylrubiarboside G

A triterpenoid saponin with an arborinane-type terpenoid as the aglycone. It has been isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis.


carane

A carbobicyclic compound that is bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 7.


nerolidol

A farnesane sesquiterpenoid that is dodeca-1,6,10-triene which carries methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11 and a hydroxy group at position 3. It is a natural product that is present in various flowers and plants with a floral odor. Chemically, it exists in two geometric isomers, trans and cis forms. It is widely used in cosmetics (e.g. shampoos and perfumes), in non-cosmetic products (e.g. detergents and cleansers) and also as a food flavoring agent.


Oblonganoside A

A triterpenoid saponin thatr is the beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester of 3,23-O-hydroxyethylidene-3beta,23-dihydroxyurs-12,19(20)-dien-28-oic acid. Isolated from Ilex oblonga, it exhibits activity against TMV.


4,4'-diapolycopen-4-oic acid

An apo carotenoid triterpenoid that is 4,4'-diapolycopene in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been replaced by a carboxy group.


name: 12beta-acetoxy-7beta-hydroxy-3,11,15,23-tetraoxo-5alpha-lanosta-8,20-dien-26-oic acid ethyl ester


C45 carotenoid

Any polyterpenoid derived from a carotenoid by addition of a five-carbon unit to the C40 skeleton.


A triterpenoid saponin that is cucurbita-1,5-diene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 16, 20 and 25, a methoxy group at position 24, oxo groups at positions 3, 11 and 22 and a beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy residue at position 2. It has been isolated from the roots of Machilus yaoshansis.


AJUGACILIATIN I

A diterpene lactone isolated from the whole plant Ajuga ciliata.


monoterpenoid

Any terpenoid derived from a monoterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C10 skeleton of the parent monoterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups).


(+)-bornyl diphosphate

A monoterpenyl phosphate that is the O-diphospho derivative of (+)-borneol.


A  scalarane sesterterpenoid that is the deoxo derivative of 12-epi-scalarin. It has been isolated from the sponge,Hyattella species.


A polyprenyl glycosyl diphosphate having eleven prenyl units and with 4-O-[(2R)-1-glycerylphosphono]-N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine as the glycosyl fragment.


triptohypol A

A pentacyclic triterpenoid with formula C30H40O6, originally isolated from Tripterygium hypoglaucum.


A triterpenoid of the class of onoceranoid-type terpenoids isolated from the twigs of Lansium domesticum.


megathyrin A

A cyclic terpene ketone that is ent-7alpha,20-epoxy-kaur-16-en-15-one substituted with hydroxy groups at positions 1, 7 and 14 (the 1alpha,7beta,14beta stereoisomer). Isolated from  the leaves of Isodon megathyrsus, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.


DYSOLENTICIN C

A tetracyclic triterpenoid isolated from Dysoxylum lenticellatum.


An alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc(PP-Dol) in which the anomeric centre has alpha-configuration.


A  germacranolide isolated from Elephantopus mollis and has been shown to exhibit antineoplastic activity.


triptolidenol

A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties.


A  lathyrane diterpenoid isolated from the roots of Euphorbia micractina.


A carbotricyclic compound that is isopimarane with double bonds introduced at the 7-8 and 15-16 positions and in which the hydrogen at position 9 is beta instead of alpha.


13-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate

A retinyl ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of tetradecanoic acid with the hydroxy group of 13-cis-retinol.


isopentenyldehydrorhodopin

A C45 carotenoid that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of bacterioruberin, a red-coloured pigment found in several Halobacterium and Haloarcula species


A polyprenyl glycosyl phosphate consisting of the trisaccharide alpha-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-alpha-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-diNAcBac linked via a diphospho group to tritrans,heptacis-undecaprenol.


HALOMON

Halomon is a polyhalogenated monoterpene first isolated from the marine red algae Portieria hornemannii.


An acyclic carotene that is lycopene having a cis-double bond at position 5.


juvenile hormone III skipped bisepoxide

A juvenile hormone that is methyl farnesoate in which the 2,3 and 10,11-double bonds have been epoxidised. Found in the stink bug, Plautia stali.


(13S)-vitexifolin A

A labdane diterpenoid in which the labdane skeleton has double bonds at positions 8(17) and 14 and carries an S-hydroxy group at position 13.


STRONGYLIN A

A sesquiterpenoid that is 1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,7a,8-decahydrobenzo[d]xanthene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 12, methyl groups at positions 4, 4, 7 and 7a and a methoxy group at position 9 (the 4aS,7S,7aR,13aS stereoisomer). Isolated from  Strongylophora hartmani, it exhibits activity against the influenza virus.


gelomulide K

An abietane diterpenoid that is ent-abieta-2(3),13(15)-diene-16,12-olide substituted by a 1beta-acetoxy group and a beta-epoxy group across positions 8 and 14. Isolated from the leaves of Gelonium aequoreum, it exhibits moderate cytotoxicity against lung (A549), breast (MDAMB-231 and MCF7), and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines.


indicanone

A guaiane sesquiterpenoid that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroazulen-2(1H)-one substituted by a hydroxymethyl group at position 8, a methyl group at position 3 and an isopropenyl group at position 5. Isolated from the roots of Wikstroemia indica, it exhibits antiinflammatory activity.


CITRONELLYL ACETATE

A monoterpenoid that is the acetate ester of citronellol. It has been isolated from Citrus hystrix.


coriatin

A sesquiterpene lactone containing two epoxide groups and two tertiary hydroxy groups that has been isolated from the roots of Coriaria nepalensis.


spiroalbatene

A diterpene produced by a diterpene synthase from Allokutzneria albata.


FATSICARPAIN G

A terpene lactone that is 13,28-epoxyolean-11-en-28-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 23. Isolated from the leaves and twigs of Fatsia polycarpa, it exhibits anti-HBV activity.


weigelic acid

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is urs-12-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 2, 3 and 23 and a carboxy group at position 28 (the 1beta,2alpha,3alpha stereoisomer). Isolated from  Weigela subsessilis, it exhibits anticomplement activity against complement induced hemolysis.


celasdin B

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is friedelin substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 16 and 28. It is isolated from the stems of Celastrus hindsii and exhibits anti-HIV activity.


phorbol ester

Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.


beta-damascenone

A cyclic monoterpene ketone that is 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-diene substituted at position 1 by a crotonoyl group.


A iridoid monoterpenoid isolated from the aerial parts of Verbena litoralis and shown to possess stimulating effects on nerve growth factor.


all-trans-violaxanthin

The all-trans-stereoisomer of violaxanthin.


TRIPTOCALLIC ACID D

A pentacyclic triterpenoid with formula C30H48O4, originally isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii and Tripterygium hypoglaucum.


An isomer of selinene where the double bond in the octahydronaphthalene ring system is endocyclic with (2R,4aR,8aS)-configuration. It has been isolated from termites.


The (R-enantiomer of an apo carotenoid C25 terpenoid compound consisting of 12'-apo-beta-carotene having hydroxy substituents at the 3- and 12'-positions.


The 12-epimer of scalarin, a metabolite of marine sponges of the genus Spongia.


inumakal

An abietane diterpenoid that is podocarpa-8,11,13-triene substituted by a propan-2-yl group at position 14, a hydroxy group at position 11 and a formyl group at position 16. It is isolated from Podocarpus latifolius.


Z-senegasaponin a

The Z-isomer of senegasaponin a.


C30 botryococcene

A triterpene that is docosa-2,6,11,16,20-pentaene bearing six methyl substituents at positions 2, 6, 10, 13, 17 and 21 as well as a vinyl substituent at position 10 (with all-E-configuration).


TETRAHYMANOL

A pentacyclic triterpenoid having a 3beta- (21alpha-) hydroxy-substituted gammacerane structure.


A sesquiterpenoid resulting formally from germacrane by oxidation at C(12) together with dehydrogenation across the C(1)-C(10), C(4)-C(5) and C(11)-C(13) bonds.


isoterpinolene

A p-menthadiene with double bonds at positions 2 and 4(8).


A carotenoid ether that is the 3,4-dihydro derivative of the tetraterpenoid spheroidene.


9-cis-retinyl tetradecanoate

A retinyl ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of tetradecanoic acid with the hydroxy group of 9-cis-retinol.


ditrans,polycis-undecaprenol

An undecaprenol where the geometry of the double bonds is specified as (2Z,6Z,10Z,14Z,18Z,22Z,26Z,30Z,34E,38E).


TOLYPODIOL

A diterpenoid natural product obtained from the cyanobacterium Tolypothrix nodosa. It shows strong anti-inflammatory activity in the mouse ear edema assay.


madhucoside A

A triterpenoid saponin that consists of protobassic acid as the aglycone moiety. Isolated from the barks of Madhuca indica, it exhibits radical scavenging activity.


integric acid

An eremophilane sesquiterpenoid with anti-HIV-1 activity. It is isolated from Xylaria sp. MF6254.


Euphorbia diterpenoid 2

A tetracyclic diterpenoid isolated from the whole plant of Euphorbia decipiens and exhibits inhibitory activity against urease.


(+)-artemisinic alcohol

A monocarboxylic acid that is prop-2-en-1-ol acid which is substituted at position 2 by a 4,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,8a-octahydronaphthalen-1-yl group (the 1S,4R,4aS,8aR diastereoisomer). It is a sesquiterpenoid precursor of artemisinin, obtained from sweet wormwood, Artemisia annua.


mollisoside A

A triterpene glycoside obtained from the New Zealand and South Australian sea cucumber Australostichopus mollis.


A p-menthane monoterpenoid that is p-menthane substituted by an oxo group at position 3.


alpha-cadinene

A cadinene sesquiterpene that consists of 1-(propan-2-yl)-1,2,4a,5,6,8a-hexahydronaphthalene having two methyl substituents at positions 1 and 4 (the 1S,4aS,8aS-configuration).


hainanic acid A

A tetracyclic triterpenoid isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma hainanense.


globostellatic acid B

A tricyclic triterpenoid of the isomalabaricane group.


A germacrane sesquiterpenoid that is 4,5-epoxygermacra-9Z-ene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 6. Isolated from Santolina insularis, it exhibits cytotoxicity against human colon carcinoma cell line.


prenols

Any alcohol possessing the general formula H-[CH2C(Me)=CHCH2]nOH in which the carbon skeleton is composed of one or more isoprene units (biogenetic precursors of the isoprenoids).


xanthophyll

A subclass of carotenoids consisting of the oxygenated carotenes.


ginkgolide B

A ginkgolide in which the pro-R hydrogens at positions 6, 12, and 17 of the  8-tert-butyl-16-methyl-2,4,14,19-tetraoxahexacyclo[8.7.2.0(1,11).0(3,7).0(7,11).0(13,17)]nonadecane-5,15,18-trione ginkgolide skeleton have been replaced by hydroxy groups.


lobophytumin E

A diterpenoid isolated from the Hainan soft coral Lobophytum cristatum.


A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is the C-4 epimer of hederagenin. It has been isolated from the roots of Rubia yunnanensis.


abietatriene

A diterpene that is abietane having three double bonds located at positions 8, 11 and 13.


A  pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-13(18)-en-28-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3 (the 2alpha,3beta-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata.


hyperinol B

A hexacyclic triterpenoid that is 13,28-epoxyursan-28-one with a terminal double bond between positions 20(30) and is substituted by hydroxy groups at position 3 and 22 (the 3beta,19alpha,22alpha stereoisomer). It is a taraxastane-type triterpene isolated from Hypericum oblongifolium and exhibits enzyme inhibitory activity against chymotrypsin.


Eunicea sesquiterpenoid 7

A sesquiterpenoid that is a carboxylic ester obtained by the formal condensation of the 6-hydroxy group of cyclodec-4-en-1-one which is also substituted by an acetyl, a methyl and a methylidene group at positions 7, 4 and 10 respectively with the carboxy group of pent-2-enoic acid substituted with a hydroxy and a methyl group at position 4. It is an antiplasmodial drug isolated from a Caribbean gorgonian coral Eunicea sp.


An acyclic carotene having the structure of lycopene with two hydrogen atoms abstracted from the C(3)-C(4) bond to form an extra trans double bond.


An apo carotenoid compound arising from oxidative degradation of the beta,beta-carotene skeleton at the 13-position.


beta-terpineol

A member of the class of terpineols that is cyclohexanol carrying additional methyl and propenyl substituents at positions 1 and 4 respectively.


A  triterpenoid that consists of hop-21-ene carrying an additional methyl substituent at the 2beta-position.


monoterpene

A C10 terpene.


paraherquonin

Published in DOI:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)88109-5


AJUGACILIATIN D

A diterpene lactone isolated from the whole plants of Ajuga ciliata.


hypaconine

A diterpene alkaloid with formula C24H39NO8, originally isolated from Aconitum carmichaeli.


tschimganine

A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of vanillic acid  with the hydroxy group of (-)-borneol. A metabolite isolated from Ferula dissecta.


An apo carotenoid sesquiterpenoid that is xanthoxin in which the double bonds at positions 2 and 4 have E (trans) configuration.


(+)-neodihydrocarveol

A dihydrocarveol with a (1R,2S,4R)-configuration.


ginsenoside C-Y

A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.


A polyprenyl glycosyl phosphate having alpha-D-galactopyranose as the glycosyl fragment.


all-trans-zeta-carotene

The all-trans-isomer of zeta-carotene.


A  triterpenoid saponin that is the beta-D-glucopyranosyl derivative of cucurbitacin J. It has been isolated from Machilus yaoshansis.


A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is friedelane substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 28 and 29 and an oxo group at position 3. Isolated from the stems of Maytenus diversifolia, it exhibits potent cytotoxicity against the A-549 lung carcinoma cells.


A beta-ionone compound having an (R)-hydroxy group at the 3-position.


(E)-endo-beta-bergamoten-12-oic acid

A sesquiterpenoid that is (+)-endo-beta-bergamotene in which one of the methyl groups attached to the C=C double bond in the side-chain has been oxidised to form the corresponding carboxylic acid.


A polyprenyl phospho oligosaccharide that consists of the pentasaccharide alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-alpha-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-GalNAc linked via a diphospho group to ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol.


An apo carotenoid triterpenoid that is 4,4'-diapolycopene in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to the corresponding aldehyde.


A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is (9beta)-24-methylene-9,19-cyclolanostane which carries a hydroxy group at position 3beta. It is isolated from several plant species including Euphorbia, Epidendrum, Psychotria and Sideritis.


terpenoid phytoalexin

A class of terpenoids formed in plants in response to fungal infection, physical damage, chemical injury, or a pathogenic process.


A diterpene derived from labdane by dehydrogenation across the C(8)-C(17), C(12)-C(13) and C(14)-C(15) bonds.


germacrene D-4-ol

A germacrane sesquiterpenoid that is germacrene D in which the exocyclic double bond has undergone formal addition of water to afford the corresponding tertiary alcohol.


NIMOLICINOL

A limonoid found in Azadirachta indica.


A polyprenyl phospho oligosaccharide that consists of a alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosaminyl moiety linked via a diphospho group to ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol.


ROTUNDIFURAN

A labdane diterpenoid that is isolated from the fruits of Vitex rotundifolia.


tamibarotene

A dicarboxylic acid monoamide resulting from the condensation of one of the carboxy groups of terephthalic acid with the amino group of 5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-amine.


REL-CINMETHYLIN

A 1-methyl-2-[(2-methylbenzyl)oxy]-4-(propan-2-yl)-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane that is the exo-(-)-isomer of cinmethylin.


A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is  friedelin substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 1. It has been isolated from the leaves of Garcia parviflora.


clavaphyllene

A sesterterpene that is produced by a fungal chimeric terpene synthase, PTTS051.


trans-beta-farnesene

A beta-farnesene in which the double bond at position 6-7 has E configuration. It is the major or sole alarm pheromone in most species of aphid.


roburic acid

A tetracyclic triterpenoid with formula C30H40O2 that is isolated from the roots of Gentiana dahurica and Gentiana macrophylla.


all-trans-neoxanthin

A neoxanthin in which all of the double bonds have trans geometry.


forrestine

A sesquiterpene alkaloid that is isolated from Tripterygium forrestii, Platanus chiapensis and Maytenus chiapensis.


(+)-gamma-cadinene

A member of the cadinene family of sesquiterpenes in which the isopropyl group is cis to the hydrogen at the adjacent bridgehead carbon (the 1S,4aR,8aR enantiomer).


(+)-piperitone

The (6S)-enantiomer of  piperitone.


A tetracyclic triterpenoid of the 8,19-seco-ursane-type skeleton isolated from the leaves of Rosa laevigata.


oleuropein

A secoiridoid glycoside that is the methyl ester of 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 4 by hydroxy, ethylidene, and carboxymethyl groups, respectively and in which the anomeric hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted into its beta-D-glucoside and the carboxylic acid moiety of the carboxymethyl substituent has been converted to the corresponding 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl ester (the 2S,3E,4S stereoisomer). The most important phenolic compound present in olive cultivars.


ALLOBETULIN

A triterpenoid that is (18alpha)-19,28-epoxyoleanane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3.


SCALARADIAL

A scalarane sesterterpenoid with formula C27H40O4. It is a natural product found in the marine sponges Spongia officinalis and Cacospongia mollior, and exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.


A diterpenoid isolated from Chloroflexus aurantiacus.


name: Siphonaxanthin ester/ Siphonaxanthin dodecenoate/ (Siphonein)


triptonolide

A tetracyclic diterpenoid with formula C20H22O4, originally isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii.


An enal that is the 9-cis-isomer of 10'-apo-beta-carotenal.


astragaloside III

A triterpenoid saponin that is cycloastragenol with a 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-xylopyranosyl moiety attached at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage.


dehydrovomifoliol

A fenchane monoterpenoid that is substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5, and 5, and by both a hydroxy group and a 3-oxobut-1-en-1-yl group at position 4.


An abietane diterpenoid isolated from the stem bark of Fraxinus sieboldiana.


artemether

An artemisinin derivative that is artemisinin in which the lactone has been converted to the corresponding lactol methyl ether. It is used in combination with lumefantrine as an antimalarial for the treatment of multi-drug resistant strains of falciparum malaria.


thymol

A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene.


A cineole in which the 1,8-cineole skeleton is substituted at C-2 with a hydroxy group oriented exo (S configuration).


luteoxanthin

An epoxycarotenol that consists of 5,6,5',8'-tetrahydro-beta,beta-carotene-3,3'-diol having epoxy groups at the 5,6- and 5',8'-positions.


triptotriterpenic acid B

A pentacyclic triterpenoid with formula C30H48O4, originally isolated from Tripterygium hypoglaucum.


alpha-phellandrene

One of a pair of phellandrene cyclic monoterpene double-bond isomers in which both double bonds are endocyclic (cf. alpha-phellandrene, where one of them is exocyclic).