(-)-duryne E

An enyne that is  (4E,15Z,21Z,32E)-hexatriaconta-4,15,21,32-tetraene-1,35-diyne substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 34 (the 3R,34R-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the marine sponge Petrosia.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 27 carbons and 0 double bonds.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 25 carbons and 0 double bonds.


diol

A compound that contains two hydroxy groups, generally assumed to be, but not necessarily, alcoholic. Aliphatic diols are also called glycols.


A sulfone that is diphenyl sulfone in which both of the para hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy groups.


An olefinic compound that octan-2-ol carrying a double bond at position 7.


bromophenol

A halophenol that is any phenol containing one or more covalently bonded bromine atoms.


neamine sulfate

An aminoglycoside sulfate salt that is the sulfate salt of neamine; a component of neomycin sulfate.


sulfamidate

A compound where an oxygen atom and an amino group are bound to an SO2 unit.


An alkanethiol that is pentane substituted at positions 1 and 3 by hydroxy and sulfanyl groups respectively.


amino alcohol

An alcohol containing an amino functional group in addition to the alcohol-defining hydroxy group.


A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to a beta-D-galactopyranosyl residue at position 3 and a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 7 via glycosidic linkages. Isolated from the aerial parts of Vicia faba and Lotus edulis, it exhibits inhibitory activity against topoisomerase I.


phenolic donor

Any phenol that acts as an electron donor.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 16 carbons and 0 double bonds.


halide

Any heteroatomic molecular entity that is a chemical compound of halogen with other chemical elements.


The ubiquinol corresponding to ubiquinone-0.


alkylbenzene

A  monocyclic arene that is benzene substituted with one or more alkyl groups.


glycol

A diol in which the two hydroxy groups are on different carbon atoms, usually but not necessarily adjacent.


alkyl hydroperoxide

A peroxol R-OOH where the substituent R is an alkyl group.


lithium sulfate

A metal sulfate in which the counterion is lithium and the ratio of lithium to sulfate is 2:1.


alkyl alcohol

An aliphatic alcohol in which the aliphatic alkane chain is substituted by a hydroxy group at unspecified position.


The (S)-enantiomer of 2,6-dimethylheptan-1-ol.


cycloalkane

Saturated monocyclic hydrocarbons (with or without side chains).


A benzyl ether that consists of acyclouridine bearing a 3-(benzyloxy)benzyl substituent at position 5.


sulfamides

Compounds where two amino groups are bound to an SO2 unit.


oxoacid

A compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons).


inorganic magnesium salt

A magnesium salt that lacks C-H bonds


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 18 carbons and 0 double bonds.


A very long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is  tricosan-1-ol substituted by a methyl group at position 22.


A hydroxy-cannabidiol that is cannabidiol in which the 6-pro-S hydrogen of the cyclohexene ring has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is one of the main metabolites of cannabidiol by human liver microsomes, produced by CYP2C19 and CYP3A.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 23 carbons and 0 double bonds.


An olefinic compound that is hept-5-en-1-ol substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6 respectively.


inorganic barium salt

A barium salt that lacks C-H bonds


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 16 carbons and 0 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl residue at position 3 and a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 7 via glycosidic linkages. Isolated from the aerial parts of Vicia faba and Lotus edulis, it exhibits inhibitory activity against topoisomerase I.


A galactosylceramide sulfate in which the sulfo group is located at position 3 and the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as (R)-2-hydroxystearoyl.


metal sulfate

Sulfate salts where the cation is a metal ion.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 17 carbons and 0 double bonds.


phenylethanolamines

An ethanolamine compound having a phenyl (substituted or unsubstituted) group on the carbon bearing the hydroxy substituent.


A N-acyl-beta-D-galactosylsphingosine having a sulfo group at the 3-position on the galactose ring and stearoyl as the N-acyl group.


VORAPAXAR SULFATE

An organic sulfate salt obtained by combining vorapaxar with one molar equivalent of sulfuric acid. A protease-activated receptor-1 antagonist used for the reduction of thrombotic cardiovascular events in patients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) or with peripheral arterial disease. It has been shown to reduce the rate of a combined endpoint of cardiovascular death, MI, stroke and urgent coronary revascularisation.


name: 2-Chloro-3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-propionic acid methyl ester


addition compound

An addition compound contains two or more simpler compounds that can be packed in a definite ratio into a crystal. The term covers donor-acceptor complexes (adducts) and a variety of lattice compounds.


A meroterpenoid that is (4R)-octa-2,7-dien-4-ol substituted at positions 2 and 6 by methyl and methylidene groups respectively.


A kaempferol O-glucoside that is kaempferol attached to a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 3 and a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 7. Isolated from the aerial parts of Vicia faba and Lotus edulis, it exhibits inhibitory activity against topoisomerase I.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 27 carbons and 0 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


4,4'-dihydroxybenzyl sulfone

A sulfone compound having two S-4-hydroxybenzyl substituents. Isolated from the tuber of Gastrodia elata, it exhibits inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation.


medium-chain fatty alcohol

Any fatty alcohol with a chain length between C6 and C12.


3,4-dimethoxycinnamyl alcohol

A  primary alcohol that is cinnamyl alcohol substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3' and 4' respectively.


A primary allylic alcohol that is 2-pentene in which a hydrogen at position 1 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


A glycosyl alditol resulting from the formal condensation of beta-D-galactopyranose with the hydroxy group at position 3 of galactitol.


sanguiin H6

Dimer of casuarictin linked by a bond between the gallic acid residue and one of the hexahydroxydiphenic acid units. It has sanguisorbic acid ester groups as linking units between glucopyranose moieties.


An acetylenic compound that is dodecane carrying a triple bond at position 10 and a hydroxy group at position 1 respectively.


A stilbenoid that is trans-stilbene which has been substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3, 5, and 4', and in which the hydroxy group at positon 2 has then been converted to the corresponding the beta-D-glucoside.


crotyl alcohol

A primary alcohol in which the hydroxy function is bonded to a CH3CH=CHCH2- (crotyl) group.


A hydroxy-cannabidiol that is cannabidiol in which the methyl group that is attached to the double bond of the cyclohexene ring has been oxidised to the corresponding hydroxymethyl group. It is one of the main metabolites of cannabidiol by human liver microsomes, produced particularly by CYP2C19.


escitalopram hydrobromide

A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile hydrobromide resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of escitalopram and hydrogen bromide.


A mononitrophenol that is 3-nitrophenol and its derivatives resulting from substitution of one or more of the hydrogens attached to the benzene ring by a non-nitro group.


resorcinols

Any benzenediol in which the two hydroxy groups are meta to one another.


polybromodiphenyl ether

An aromatic ether that is diphenyl ether carrying between 2 and 10 bromo substituents attached to the two benzene rings.


organic sulfate

Compounds of the general formula SO3HOR where R is an organyl group


boric acids

Hydroxy boron compounds of general formula BxOyHz.


inorganic aluminium salt

A aluminium salt that lacks C-H bonds


acyl halide

A compound consisting of an acyl group bonded to halogen.


phosphanes

The saturated hydrides of tervalent phosphorus having the general formula PnHn+2.


acyl fluoride

A compound consisting of an acyl group bonded to fluorine.


hydrides

Hydrides are chemical compounds of hydrogen with other chemical elements.


orciprenaline sulfate

A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-orciprenaline sulfate. Used to relax the airway muscles and improve breathing for patients suffering from asthma or bronchitis.


AMEZINIUM METILSULFATE

An azaheterocycle sulfate salt of amezinium. It is a sympathomimetic drug which suppresses noradrenaline reuptake and thereby elevating blood pressure. It is used for the treatment of low blood pressure in patients undergoing dialysis.


artemisinin derivative

Any organic peroxide formally obtained from artemisinin.


organosulfonic acid

An organic derivative of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon.


trans-sinapyl alcohol

Sinapyl alcohol in which the configuration of the propenyl double bond is E.  It is one of the main monolignols.


hydrobromide

Salts formally resulting from the reaction of hydrobromic acid with an organic base.


ISOTAXIRESINOL

A lignan that consists of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 7, hydroxymethyl groups at positions 2 and 3, a methoxy group at position 6 and a  3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Taxus yunnanensis.


A hexane-2,5-diol with R-configuration at both the C-2 and C-5 centres.


(R)-citalopram hydrobromide

A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile hydrobromide resulting from the reaction of equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and hydrogen bromide.


A very long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is tetracosan-1-ol substituted by a methyl group at position 22.


name: 2-allyl-3,5-dichloro-1,4-dihydroxycyclopent-2-enoic acid methyl ester


peroxides

Compounds of structure ROOR'.


halohydrocarbon

A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom.


A hydroxy-cannabidiol that is cannabidiol in which one of the two hydrogens at position 3 of the pentyl chain has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is a metabolite of cannabidiol by human liver microsomes.


thallium sulfate

A metal sulfate in which the counterion is thallium  and the ratio of thallium to sulfate is 2:1. It is a rodenticide used to control rats, squirrels, mice, moles, prairie dogs, ants and cockroaches. It is no longer registered for pesticide use in the United States.


A sophoroside that is kaempferol attached to a beta-D-sophorosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage.


A medium-chain primary fatty alcohol that is (E)-2-octene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.


(E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal dimethyl acetal

An acetal that is the methyl acetal obtained by formal condensation of the carbonyl group of (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal with two molar equivalents of methanol.


enol

Alkenols; the term refers specifically to vinylic alcohols, which have the structure HOCR'=CR2. Enols are tautomeric with aldehydes (R' = H) or ketones (R' =/= H).


A ubiquinol in which the polyprenyl substituent is nonaprenyl.


A ubiquinol in which the polyprenyl substituent is octaprenyl.


polysorbate

Any poly(ethylene glycol) derivative composed of PEG-ylated sorbitan [2-(1,2-dihydroxyethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol] normally containing a total of 20 oxyethylene groups, with one or more of the terminal hydroxy groups esterified with a fatty acyl group. They are used as emulsifiers and dispersing agents in some pharmaceuticals products and as defoamers and emulsifiers in some foods.


hexahydroxyflavone

Members of the class of hydroxyflavone that is  flavone substituted by 6 hydroxy groups.


chromenyliums

Any organic cation that consists of a chromenylium skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.


metallocene

Organometallic coordination compounds in which one atom of a transition metal such as iron, ruthenium or osmium is bonded to and only to the face of two cyclopentadienyl [eta(5)-(C5H5)] ligands which lie in parallel planes. The term should not be used for analogues having rings other than cyclopentadienyl as ligands.


DARIFENACIN HYDROBROMIDE

The hydrobromide salt of darifenacin.  A selective antagonist for the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which is primarily responsible for bladder muscle contractions, it is used in the management of urinary incontinence.


cyclic olefin

The inclusive term for any cyclic hydrocarbon having any number of double bonds.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 28 carbons and 0 double bonds.


manganese(II) sulfate

A metal sulfate in which the metal component is manganese in the +2 oxidation state.


brominated flame retardant

Any organobromine compound that is used as a flame retardant. These chemicals are widely incorporated as additives in consumer products such as electronics, vehicles, polyurethane foams etc, to make them less flammable.


A primary alcohol that is octane which is substituted by a methyl group at position 7 and a hydroxy group at position 1. It is a fragrance ingredient.


The (S)-enantiomer of nonacosan-10-ol.


BRUCEOLLINE F

An indole alkaloid that is 1H-indole substituted by a (2S)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutyl group at position 3 and a beta-D-glucopyranosyl group attached to the indolic nitrogen. It has been isolated from the ethanol extract of the stems of Brucea mollis.


A glycodiaosylceramide having 3-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the disaccharide component and N-acylsphingosine as the sphingoid base.


A glycol that is (5Z,8Z)-1,5,8-undecatriene with the two hydroxy substituents located at positions 3 and 7.


norterpene

Any hydrocarbon formed by loss of a methyl group from a terpene.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 19 carbons and 0 double bonds.


hydroxypolyether

A hydroxyether compound containing more than one ether group.


bromohydrocarbon

A compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing a hydrogen atom with a bromine atom.


hydroxyflavone

Any flavone in which one or more ring hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy groups.


An acetylenic compound that is 5-nonyne carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 3.


organic hydroxy compound

An organic compound having at least one hydroxy group attached to a carbon atom.


(-)-duryne

An  enyne that is (4E,15Z,26E)-triaconta-4,15,26-triene-1,29-diyne substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 28 (the 3R,28R-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the marine sponge Petrosia.


A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is propylphosphonic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 2 (the 1S,2S-stereoisomer).


short-chain primary fatty alcohol

Any primary fatty alcohol with a chain length less than 6 carbons.


tertiary allylic alcohol

An allylic alcohol in which the carbon atom that links the double bond to the hydroxy group is also attached to two other carbons (R4,R5 =/= H).


NIROGACESTAT HYDROBROMIDE

A hydrobromide salt obtained by reaction of nirogacestat with two equivalents of hydrobromic acid.


name: (4-Hydroxy-3,5-dinitrophenyl)-propionic acid methyl ester


(-)-duryne F

An enyne that is (4E,15Z,29Z)-dotriaconta-4,15,29-triene-1,31-diyne substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 28 (the 3R,28S-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the marine sponge Petrosia.


alkyne

Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having a carbon-carbon triple bond and the general formula CnH2n-2, RC#CR.


hydroquinones

Benzenediols that have the hydroxy substituents in the 1- and 4-positions.


inorganic calcium salt

A calcium salt that lacks C-H bonds


aminosulfinic acid

Organosulfinic acids containing one or more amino groups.


CIS-RESVERATROL

The cis-stereoisomer of  resveratrol.


A guaiacyl lignin that is guaiacylglycerol in which the hydrogen on the 2-hydroxy function has been replaced by a 4-(1,2,3-trihydroxypropan-1-yl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl group.


iodoalkane

Any haloalkane carrying at least one iodo group.


A tetritol that is butane substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 2, 3 and 4.


(R)-bevantolol

The (R)-enantiomer of bevantolol.


(-)-duryne D

An enyne that is  (4E,13Z,19Z,30E)-tetratriaconta-4,13,19,30-tetraene-1,33-diyne substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 32 (the 3R,32R-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the marine sponge Petrosia.


kaempferol 3,7-di-O-beta-D-glucoside

A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol having two beta-D-glucosyl residues attached at positions O-3 and O-7. Isolated from the aerial parts of Delphinium staphisagria, it exhibits trypanocidal activity.


cyclohexanols

An alcohol in which one or more hydroxy groups are attached to a cyclohexane skeleton.


MONODICTYSIN C

A member of the class of xanthones that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9a-hexahydro-9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 4 and 8, methyl groups at positions 3 and 4a and a methoxy group at position 6 (the 1S,3S,4S,4aS,9aS stereoisomer). Isolated from the marine algicolous fungus Monodictys putredinis, it exhibits antineoplastic activity.


lactate salt

Any organic salt that has lactate as the cation.


barium carbonate

An inorganic carbonate salt of barium.


haloalkane

A halohydrocarbon that is an alkane in which at least one hydrogen atom has been replaced by with a halogen atom.


chromium(III) sulfate

A compound of chromium and sulfate in which the ratio of chromium (in the +3 oxidation state) to sulfate is 2:3


hydroxyether

Any ether carrying a hydroxy group at unspecified position.


hydrocarbon

A compound consisting of carbon and hydrogen only.


allomelanin

Allomelanin is a type of nitrogen-free melanin most commonly found in fungi


Any  amino alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by an amino group at position 1.


flutropium bromide

The organic bromide salt of flutropium. It is used in Japan for the treatment asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.


(S)-SKF 38393 hydrobromide

A hydrobromide obtained by combining (S)-SKF 38393 with one molar equivalent of hydrogen bromide.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 24 carbons and 0 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


tertiary amine oxide

An N-oxide where there are three organic groups bonded to the nitrogen atom.


alkenyl alcohol

Any aliphatic alcohol in which the carbon chain contains one or more olefinic bonds.


N-acylethanolamine

An ethanolamine substituted at nitrogen by an acyl group.


An ultra-long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is tetratriacontan-1-ol substituted by a methyl group at position 32.


A mononitrophenol that is 2-nitrophenol and its derivatives resulting from substitution of one or more of the hydrogens attached to the benzene ring by a non-nitro group.


Tyramine substituted at position 3 by a nitro group.


main-group coordination entity

A coordination entity in which the central atom to which the ligands are attached comes from groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, or 18 of the periodic table.


chlorometallate salt

A salt where the anion is a chlorometallate anion.


A hydroxy-cannabidiol that is cannabidiol in which one of the hydrogens at position 5 of the pentyl chain has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is a metabolite of cannabidiol by human liver microsomes.


oligosaccharide sulfate

Any  carbohydrate sulfate that is an oligosaccharide carrying at least one O-sulfo substituent.


TRIACONTANOL

An ultra-long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is triacontane in which one of the terminal methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.


name: 2-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)-propionic acid methyl ester


A very long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is  pentacosan-1-ol substituted by a methyl group at position 24.


A secondary alcohol that is ethanol in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 has been replaced by a cyclopentyl group.


cyclopropanol

A cyclopropane in which a hydrogen atom is replaced by a hydroxy group.


An ultra-long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is nonacosan-1-ol substituted by a methyl group at position 28.


A glucosylceramide in which the sphingoid base is 4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine and the D-glucosyl residue has beta-configuration at the anomeric centre.


iodomethanes

A halomethane that is methane in which one or more hydrogens has been replaced by iodine.


lithium bromide

A lithium salt in which the counterion is bromide. The anhydrous salt forms cubic crystals similar to common salt.


sinomendine

An aporphine alkaloid that is 7-methyldibenzo[de,g]quinolin-7-ol carrying three additional methoxy substituents at positions 2, 8 and 9.


cresol

A hydroxytoluene that consists of toluene carrying a single hydroxy substituent at any position. A 'closed class'.


A primary alcohol based on a propan-1-olskeleton and its substituted derivatives.


chlorite salt

Any salt that has chlorite, [ClO2](-), as the anionic component.


A sialopentaosylceramide consisting of a branched hexasaccharide made up from one lactamized sialyl residue, two galactose residues, one L-fucose residue, one N-acetyl-6-sulfoglucosamine residue and one glucose residue, which at the reducing end is attached to a d18:1/18:0 ceramide moiety via a beta-linkage; commonly known as lactamized sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis X ganglioside.


N-acylethanolamine 16:0

An N-acylethanolamine in which the acyl group contains 16 carbons and is fully saturated.


nitrosoperoxycarbonic acid

A carbon oxoacid that is carbonic acid in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a nitrosoxy group. At physiological pH, nitrosoperoxycarbonic acid is highly unstable, rapidly decomposing to give CO2, NO2, and hydroxyl radicals.


acyclic acetylene

Acyclic (branched or unbranched) hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds.


imetit dihydrobromide

A hydrobromide salt obtained by reaction of imetit with two equivalents of hydrobromic acid. An extremely potent, high affinity agonist at H3 and H4 receptors (Ki values are 0.3 and 2.7 nM respectively). Induces shape change in eosinophils with an EC50 of 25 nM. Centrally active following systemic administration.


A tertiary alcohol that is 3-methylbut-1-ene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 3.


ellagitannin

A form of hydrolysable tannin produced from ellagic acid. Ellagitannins are glucosides which are readily hydrolysed by water to regenerate ellagic acid when the plants are eaten.


polyene

An olefin that contains more than one carbon-carbon double bond.


name: Rubrisandrin A(2:1 Inseparable mixture of regeoisomers)


alkanesulfonic acid

Organic derivatives of sulfonic acid in which the sulfo group is linked directly to carbon of an alkyl group.


mononitrophenol

A nitrophenol that is phenol carrying a single nitro substituent at unspecified position.


ultra-long-chain primary fatty alcohol

Any primary fatty alcohol with a chain length greater than C27.


Any  propanediol bearing hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 3.


glycol ether

A hydroxyether which contains both an ether and alcohol functional groups. It is one of the most versatile classes of organic solvents which are commonly used in paints, cleaners, adhesives, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 23 carbons and 0 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


An azide carrying a (3-bromo-4-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)acetyl substituent.


ferric sulfate

A compound of iron and sulfate in which the ratio of iron(3+) to sulfate ions is 3:2.


A 1-O-(D-glucosyl)glycerol in which the D-glucosyl moiety has alpha configuration at the anomeric centre.


polyol

A compound that contains two or more hydroxy groups.


N-acetylneuraminol

The primary alcohol formed by reduction of N-acetylneuraminic acid.


remazole orange-3R

An azo compound having a ({[(2-sulfonatooxy)ethyl]sulfonyl}phenyl)diazenyl moiety attached at position 2 of a multi-substituted naphthalene.


peroxol

Monosubstitution products of hydrogen peroxide HOOH, having the skeleton ROOH, in which R is any organyl group.


ethyl nile blue A

The sulfate salt of ethyl nile blue.


A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to a alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl residue at position 3 and a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 7 via  glycosidic linkages. Isolated from the aerial parts of Vicia faba and Lotus edulis, it exhibits inhibitory activity against  topoisomerase I and II.


A primary alcohol that is pentan-1-ol bearing an additional methyl substituent at position 4.


primary allylic alcohol

An allylic alcohol in which the carbon atom that links the double bond to the hydroxy group is also attached to two hydrogens.


ethanediol

Any diol that is ethane or substituted ethane carrying two hydroxy groups.


phosphorus oxoacid

A pnictogen oxoacid which contains phosphorus and oxygen, at least one hydrogen atom bound to oxygen, and forms an ion by the loss of one or more protons.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 25 carbons and 0 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


C-terminal boronic acid peptide

A member of the class of boronic acids that is any peptide in which the carboxy group at the C-terminus has been replaced by a borono (-B(OH)2) group.


6-bromo-2-naphthyl beta-D-galactoside

A beta-D-galactoside having a 6-bromo-2-naphthyl substituent at the anomeric position.


DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOETHYL ETHER

A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a 2-ethoxyethoxy group at position 2.


halomethane

A haloalkane that is methane in which one (or more) of the hydrogens have been replaced by a halogen atom/halogen atoms.


coordination entity

An assembly consisting of a central atom (usually metallic) to which is attached a surrounding array of other groups of atoms (ligands).


sulfuric ester

An ester of an alcohol and sulfuric acid.


acetylenes

Acyclic (branched or unbranched) and cyclic (with or without side chain) hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon triple bonds.


alditol

A carbohydrate that is an acyclic polyol having the general formula HOCH2[CH(OH)]nCH2OH (formally derivable from an aldose by reduction of the carbonyl group).


A fatty alcohol that is  nonacosane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 10.


name: (4-Hydroxy-3,5-dinitrophenyl)acetic acid methyl ester


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 19 carbons and 0 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


hydroxides

Hydroxides are chemical compounds containing a hydroxy group or salts containing hydroxide (OH(-)).


A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is phenylethanolamine in which the the phenyl group is substituted at the para- position by a methoxy group, while the am no group is substituted by a 4-(p-nitrophenyl)butan-2-yl group. A beta-adrenergic agonist that has been used illegally in China as an animal feed additive to as a growth promotion to enhance the the lean meat-to-fat ratio for livestock.


A secondary alcohol that is 2-butanol carrying an additional methyl substituent at position 3.


organic peroxide

Compounds of structure ROOR' in which R and R' are organic groups.


A primary alcohol that is hexan-1-ol substituted by an ethyl group at position 2.


aromatic alcohol

Any alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.


The (R)-enantiomer of nonacosan-10-ol.


3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid hydrazide

A carbohydrazide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid  with one of the amino groups of hydrazine. It is a metabolite of nifursol found in foodstuffs of animal origin.


haloalkene

A compound derived from an alkene by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom.


diphosphanes

Compounds containing two phosphane groups linked directly by a P-P bond or via a hydrocarbon bridge.


bidenlignaside B

A neolignan isolated from the whole plant of Bidens parviflora that has been found to inhibit histamine release from the peritoneal exudate mast cells induced by antigen-antibody reaction.


phosphoric acids

Compounds containing one or more phosphoric acid units.


2-hydroxyethyl sulfonate

A sulfonate ester obtained by formal condensation of one of the hydroxy groups of ethylene glycol with sulfonic acid.


citrate salt

A salt of citric acid.


A glucosylglycerol consisting of a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 2 of glycerol via a glycosidic bond.


The (S)-enantiomer of 1-phenylethanol.


unsaturated fatty alcohol

Any fatty alcohol containing at least one C=C or C#C bond.


haloarene

A compound derived from an arene by replacing a hydrogen atom with a halogen atom.


A hydroxy-cannabidiol that is cannabidiol in which one of the two hydrogens at position 2 of the pentyl chain has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is a metabolite of cannabidiol by human liver microsomes, produced by CYP3A.


AGRIMONIIN

A dimeric hydrolysable tannin in which 2 moles of potentillin monomer are linked via a dehydrogalloyl group; an antitumor tannin of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb., which induces interleukin-1.


octadienol

A primary alcohol that is octanol consisting of two double bonds at unspecified positions.


A diol that is decane substituted by hydroxy groups at position 1 and 9. It is a natural product found in rice root exudates and acts as an effective biological nitrification inhibitor for soil ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea.


NAN 190 hydrobromide

A hydrobromide obtained by reaction of NAN 190 with one equivalent of hydrobromic acid.


monohydroxyflavone

A hydroxyflavone carrying a single hydroxy substituent.


(S)-camphorsulfonic acid

The S enantiomer of camphorsulfonic acid.


polyene antibiotic

A family of antibiotics containing a conjugated polyene moiety, usuallly isolated from some species of Streptomyces.


(S)-bevantolol

The (S)-enantiomer of bevantolol.


caesium salt

Any alkali metal salt having caesium(1+) as the cation.


sulfites

Any sulfurous acid derivative that is a salt or an ester of sulfurous acid.


organohalogen compound

A compound containing at least one carbon-halogen bond (where X is a halogen atom).


long chain primary alcohol

A primary alcohol with a chain length ranging from 13-22 carbons which is usually but not always a fatty alcohol.


tartrate salt

A salt of the organic compound tartaric acid.


A glycosyloxyflavone that is 3-O-methylquercetin attached to beta-D-glucopyranosyl residues at positions 7 and 4' respectively via glycosidic linkages. It has been isolated from Ophioglossum pedunculosum.


ferrocenes

Compounds containing a ferrocene skeleton.


An ultra-long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is dotriacontane in which a hydrogen attached to one of the terminal carbons is replaced by a hydroxy group.


sulfurous acid derivative

Any sulfur oxoacid derivative derived from sulfurous acid.


pentol

A  polyol with five hydroxy groups.


bisphenol

By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom.


A hydroxy-cannabidiol that is cannabidiol in which the 6-pro-R hydrogen of the cyclohexene ring has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is one of the main metabolites of cannabidiol by human liver microsomes, produced by CYP3A.


fatty alcohol

An aliphatic alcohol consisting of a chain of 3 to greater than 27 carbon atoms. Fatty alcohols may be saturated or unsaturated and may be branched or unbranched.


4-hydroxycinnamyl alcohol

A primary alcohol being cinnamyl alcohol hydroxylated at C-4 of the phenyl ring.


hydroxybiphenyls

Any member of the class of biphenyls that has one or more hydroxy groups attached to the benzenoid ring system.


(-)-duryne C

An enyne that is  (4E,11Z,17Z,28E)-dotriaconta-4,11,17,28-tetraene-1,31-diyne substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 30 (the 3R,30R-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the marine sponge Petrosia.


A diarylheptanoid that is hept-6-en-3-ol substituted by two 4-hydroxyphenyl groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively (the R-stereoisomer). It has been isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma kwangsiensis.


A primary alcohol that is pentanol substituted by a methyl group at position 3.


acetate salt

Any salt prepared using acetic acid as the acid component.


name: quinolizidine alkaloid fundamental parent


ustiloxin B

A heterodetic cyclic peptide with formula C26H39N5O12S produced by Ustilaginoidea virens fungi. It is an inhibitor of microtubule assembly.


A hydrobromide salt prepared from N-allyl-6-chloro-1-(3-methylphenyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol and one equivalent of hydrogen bromide. High affinity, selective dopamine D1-like receptor agonist. Ki values are 3.2, 3.1, 186, 66, 335, 1167, 1251 and 1385 nM at recombinant D1, D5, D2, D3, D4, 5-HT2A, alpha1A and alpha1B receptors respectively. Stimulates adenylyl cyclase (EC50 = 65 nM) but not phosphoinositide hydrolysis. Induces extreme arousal and hyperlocomotion following subcutaneous administration in monkeys.


(S)-dinoseb

The (S)-enantiomer of 2-(butan-2-yl)-4,6-dinitrophenol.


N-sulfonylurea

A urea in which one of the hydrogens attached to a nitrogen of the urea group is replaced by a sulfonyl group. The N-sulfonylurea moiety is a key group in various herbicides, as well as in a number of antidiabetic drugs used in the management of type 2 diabetis mellitus.


galactosylceramide sulfate

A galactosylceramide substituted at O(3) of galactose by a sulfo group.


GUANETHIDINE MONOSULFATE

A organic sulfate salt obtained from guanethidine and sulfuric acid in a 1:1 ratio.


A glycol that is hexane substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 5.


hydrolysable tannin

A tannin that yields gallic or ellagic acids upon acid hydrolysis.


GUANADREL SULFATE

An organic sulfate salt resulting from the reaction of 2 eq. guanadrel with 1 eq. sulfuric acid. A postganglionic adrenergic blocking agent formerly used for the management of hypertension, it has been largely superseded by other drugs less likely to cause orthostatic hypotension (dizzy spells on standing up or stretching).


An ethanediol that is ethane-1,2-diol in which a hydrogen attached to a carbon is replaced by a 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl group.


sulfonamide

An amide of a sulfonic acid RS(=O)2NR'2.


barium salt

An alkaline earth salt that has barium(2+) as the cation.


beryllium sulfate

A metal sulfate in which the metal is beryllium (in the +2 oxidation state) and the ratio of beryllium  to sulfate is 1:1.


halometallate salt

A salt where the anion is a halometallate anion.


A hydroxy-cannabidiol that is cannabidiol in which one of the hydrogens at position 4 of the pentyl chain has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is one of the main metabolites of cannabidiol by human liver microsomes, produced particularly by CYP3A.


cobalt(2+) sulfate

A compound of cobalt and sulfate in which the ratio of cobalt (+2 oxidation state) to sulfate is 1:1.


A lignan isolated from the stems of Sinocalamus affinis.


organosulfinic acid

Organic derivatives of sulfinic acid in which the sulfino group is linked directly to carbon.


triol

A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.


A diol that is decane substituted by hydroxy groups at position 1 and 7.


BUTANOL

A secondary alcohol that is butane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


organic magnesium salt

A magnesium salt with C-H bonds


aldehyde hydrate

A 1,1-diol resulting from the formal addition of water to the carbonyl group of a aldehyde.


dithiocarbamate salt

Any salt derived from a member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids by the formal replacement of the hydrogen of the dithiocarboxy group by a metal.


stilbenol

Any  stilbenoid with at least one phenolic group.


dihydroxytoluene

Any hydroxytoluene that has two hydroxy substituents


heteroaryl hydroxy compound

Any organic aromatic compound having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a heteroarene ring.


decylamine-N,N-dimethyl-N-oxide

A tertiary amine oxide that is the N-oxide of N,N-dimethyldecan-1-amine.


(R)-SKF 38393 hydrobromide

A hydrobromide obtained by combining (R)-SKF 38393 with one molar equivalent of hydrogen bromide.


A sulfoglycolipid in which alpha,alpha-trehalose, sulfated at the 2'-position, is acylated at the 2-position with palmitic acid, and at the 3-position with triacontanoic acid.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 26 carbons and 3 double bonds.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-4-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecasphinganine in which the acyl group has 24 carbons and 0 double bonds.


olefin

Acyclic and cyclic hydrocarbons having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, apart from the formal ones in aromatic compounds. The class olefins subsumes alkenes and cycloalkenes and the corresponding polyenes.


A primary alcohol that is 1-octanol substituted by a butyl group at position 2. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism.


A ubiquinol in which the polyprenyl substituent is heptaprenyl.


A sulfoglycolipid in which alpha,alpha-trehalose, sulfated at the 2'-position, is diacylated at the 2- and 3-positions with palmitic acid.


peroxy acid

An acid in which an acidic -OH  group has been replaced by an -OOH  group.


A very long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is octacosan-1-ol substituted by a methyl group at position 26.


tetradecaethylene glycol

A poly(ethylene glycol) containing 14 ethyleneoxy units.


A D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine having a sulfo group at the 3-position on the galactose ring and palmitoyl as the N-acyl group.


a phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide

Any phosphatidylcholine carrying one or more hydroperoxy substituents.


monocyclic arene

A monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.


pelargonin

An anthocyanidin glycoside that is pelargonidin in which the two phenolic hydrogens at positions 3 and 5 have been replaced by beta-D-glucosyl residues.


fatty alcohol 28:0

Any fatty alcohol containing 28 carbons.


A glycosyloxyflavone that is the 7-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl derivative of acacetin. It is isolated from the flowering heads of Chrysanthemum morifolium and has been found to possess potent anti-HIV activity.


poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate)

A poly(ethylene glycol) compound terminated with methacrylate groups.


annulene

A mancude monocyclic hydrocarbon without side chains of the general formula CnHn (n is an even number) or CnHn+1 (n is an odd number). In systematic nomenclature an annulene with seven or more carbon atoms may be named [n]annulene, where n is the number of carbon atoms.


bromobenzenes

A member of the class of benzenes that is benzene substituted by at least one bromo group.


A secondary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted by two methyl groups at the 3-position and one methyl group at the 5-position. It exhibits inhibitory activity against HMG-CoA reductase ( EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88).


An organic bromide salt having 9-benzyl-2-butyl-9H-beta-carbolin-2-ium as the counterion


C32 mycoketide

An ultra-long-chain primary fatty alcohol consisting of a C27 chain with a hydroxy group at C-1 and with methyl branches at C-4, -8, -12, -16 and -20, all with S stereochemistry.


isourea

A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.


arene

Any monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.


A lignan that consists of propane-1,3-diol substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl substituent at position 1 and a 4-hydroxy-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy substituent at position 2. It has been isolated from the stems of Sinocalamus affinis.


polyphenol

Members of the class of phenols that contain 2 or more benzene rings each of which is substituted by at least one hydroxy group.


flavonols

Any hydroxyflavone in which is the ring hydrogen at position 3 of the heterocyclic ring is replaced by a hydroxy group.


sodium salt

Any alkali metal salt having sodium(1+) as the cation.


Any alcohol in which two hydroxy groups are bonded to the same atom.


A diol that is undecane in which a hydrogen attached to each of the terminal methyl groups has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


organosulfonate salt

Any organic salt prepared using an organosulfonic acid as the acid component.


A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is propylphosphonic acid substituted by thio and hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 2 respectively (the 1R,2S-stereoisomer)


medium-chain primary fatty alcohol

Any primary fatty alcohol with a chain length between C6 and C12.


trans-p-coumaryl alcohol

4-Hydroxycinnamyl alcohol with E-configuration of the propenyl double bond. It is one of the main monolignols.


hydroxytoluene

Any member of the class of  toluenes carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.


Any hydroxyflavone with a hydroxy substituent at position 3'.


A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to a beta-D-apiofuranosyl group at position 3 and a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. Isolated from the aerial parts of Vicia faba and Lotus edulis, it exhibits inhibitory activity against topoisomerase II.


A halophenol in which the halogen atom is bonded to the carbon atom adjacent to the C-OH group.


secondary allylic alcohol

An allylic alcohol in which the carbon atom that links the double bond to the hydroxy group is also attached to one other carbon and one hydrogen.


A primary alcohol that is the S-methyl derivative of mercaptoethanol. It is found as a volatile component in Cucumis melo Var. cantalupensis.


polyprenylhydroquinone

A hydroquinone compound having a polyprenyl substituent in an unspecified position.


hydroperoxide

A monosubstitution product of hydrogen peroxide, HOOH.


glycol salicylate

A benzoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of carboxy group of  salicylic acid with one of the hydroxy groups of ethylene glycol


A mononitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atom of the hydroxy group at position 2 is replaced by a nitro group.


iminium salt

Salts in which the cation has the structure R2C=N(+)R2. Thus N-hydronated imines and their N-substituted derivatives.


A tertiary alcohol that is benzene substituted by a 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl group.


sulfolipid

A compound containing a sulfonic acid residue joined by a carbon-sulfur bond to a lipid.


(S)-secondary-alcohol

A secondary alcohol where the substiuents are arranged so the hydroxy group is in (S)-configuration. Published in DOI:10.1002/adsc.201100864


hermannioside A

A quercetin O-glycoside that is quercetin attached to a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 7 and a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl residue at position 3 via glycosidic linkages. It has been isolated from Anthyllis hermanniae.


hermannioside B

A glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempferol attached to alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl residue at position 3 and a alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl residue at position 7 via glycosidic linkages. It has been isolated from the whole plant of Anthyllis hermanniae.


phlorotannin

A type of tannin usually found in brown algae such as kelps and rockweeds. Unlike the hydrolysable or condensed tannins, these compounds are oligomers of phloroglucinol.


tetrahydroxyflavone

Any hydroxyflavone carrying four hydroxy substituents.


benzyl halide

Any compound containing a (halomethyl)benzene skeleton.


AMIKACIN SULFATE

An aminoglycoside sulfate salt obtained by combining amikacin with two molar equivalents of sulfuric acid.


A primary alcohol that is 1-heptanol substituted by an isopropyl group at position 2 and a methyl group at position 5.


2,5-diaminotoluene sulfate

An organic sulfate salt obtained by combining 2,5-diaminotoluene with one molar equivalent of sulfuric acid; occurs as an intermediate during hair dye formulation.


A primary alcohol that is  isopentane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.


ABACAVIR SULFATE

An azaheterocycle sulfate salt that is the sulfate salt of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor abacavir.


A fatty alcohol that is 1-dodecanol substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism.


sulfonamide antibiotic

A class of sulfonamides whose members generally have bacteriostatic antibiotic properties.


The (S)-enantiomer of 2-methylbutan-1-ol.


An ultra-long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is dotriacontan-1-ol substituted by a methyl group at position 30.


salt

A salt is an assembly of cations and anions.


NITROPHENOLATE

A member of the class of 2-nitrophenols that is phenol in which one of the hydrogens that is ortho to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group.


globoside

Any glycosphingolipid where the oligosaccharide component has an N-acetylgalactosaminyl residue at the non-reducing end.


A glycopentaosylceramide having an alpha-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base and fatty acyl chain.


A glycotetraosylceramide having N-acetyl-beta-D-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the hexasaccharide component. It is overexpressed in some cancers and has been linked to disease progression.


A glycopentaosylceramide (anionic form) in which the galactose residue at the non-reducing end of the oligosaccharide moiety in beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1')-Cer is sulfated at O-3.


A glycopentaosylceramide having beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl as the glycopentaosyl component. It is a glycosphingolipid that has previously been used to identify cells with stem cell-like, multipotent, and pluripotent characteristics.


A glycotetraosylceramide having N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the tetrasaccharide component.


A glycotetraosylceramide with an N-octadecanoyl substituent attached to the ceramide nitrogen.


A glycotriaosylceramide having alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the trisaccharide component.


A glycopentaosylceramide having beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the pentasaccharide component.


An alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosylceramide in which the substituent on the ceramide nitrogen is hexacosanoyl.


A glycopentaosylceramide having alpha-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc as the pentasaccharide portion; reported to be the Forssman hapten of horse spleen.


An N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosylceramide in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as hexadecanoyl.


An alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosylceramide in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as (17Z)-hexacosenoyl.


A glycotetraosylceramide having N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl  component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base.


A glycotriaosylceramide having alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base.


globoside Gb4

A glycotetraosylceramide in which a linear beta-D-GalNAc-(1->3)-alpha-D-Gal-(1->-4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc tetrasaccharide unit is linked glycosidically to a (3R,4E)-3-hydroxy-2-(pentacosanoylamino)octadec-4-en-1-yl ceramide group.


alkaloid

Any of the naturally occurring, basic nitrogen compounds (mostly heterocyclic) occurring mostly in the plant kingdom, but also found in bacteria, fungi, and animals. By extension, certain neutral compounds biogenetically related to basic alkaloids are also classed as alkaloids. Amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, amino sugars and antibiotics are not normally regarded as alkaloids. Compounds in which the nitrogen is  exocyclic (dopamine, mescaline, serotonin, etc.) are usually classed as amines rather than alkaloids.


indole alkaloid

An alkaloid containing an indole skeleton.


isoquinoline alkaloid

Any alkaloid that has a structure based on an isoquinoline nucleus. They are derived from the amino acids like tyrosine and phenylalanine.


cinchona alkaloid

An alkaloid based on a cinchonan skeleton.


glycoalkaloid

A glycoside that is a compound containing one or more hydrophilic glycoside moieties combined with an alkaloid. Found in Solanaceae plants such as courgettes, paprika, aubergines, tomatoes and potatoes.


monoterpenoid indole alkaloid

A terpenoid indole alkaloid which is biosynthesised from L-tryptophan and diisoprenoid (usually secolaganin) building blocks.


alkaloid antibiotic

Any alkaloid that has significant antibiotic properties.


hemiterpenoid indole alkaloid

A terpenoid indole alkaloid which is biosynthesised from L-tryptophan and monoisoprenoid (usually dimethylallyl pyrophosphate or isopentenyl pyrophosphate) building blocks


monoamine alkaloid

An alkaloid that contains one amino group connected to an aromatic ring by a two-carbon chain. All monoamines are derived from aromatic amino acids like phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, and the thyroid hormones by the action of aromatic amino acid decarboxylase enzymes.


morphinane alkaloid

An  isoquinoline alkaloid based on a morphinan skeleton and its substituted derivatives.


benzylisoquinoline alkaloid

Any isoquinoline alkaloid based on a benzylisoquinoline skeleton.


vinca alkaloid

A group of indole-indoline dimers which are alkaloids obtained from the Vinca genus of plants, together with semi-synthetic and fully synthetic analogues.


ergoline alkaloid

One of a class of naturally occurring alkaloids with a structure based on that of ergoline.


terpenoid indole alkaloid

An indole alkaloid which is biosynthesised from L-tryptophan and isoprenoid building blocks.


aporphine alkaloid

Any benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that has a structure based on 4H-dibenzo[de,g]quinoline or its 3-methyl derivative.


betalain

Any of a group of coloured alkaloids occurring widely in plants of the order Centrospermae. They are divided into two groups, betacyanins and betaxanthins, and both occur in plant vacuoles.


anthracycline

Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.


ether lipid

A lipid similar in structure to a glycerolipid but in which one or more of the carbon atoms on glycerol is bonded to an alkyl chain via an ether linkage, as opposed to the usual ester linkage.


A monoalkylglycerol that is a derivative of glycerol in which the hydroxy group at position 2 has been converted to an ether.


monoalkylglycerol

An ether lipid that is glycerol carrying a single alkyl substituent in an unspecified position.


L-methionine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-methionine  at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-methionine by a heteroatom.


A glycopeptidolipid antigen from clinically prominent members of the Mycobacterium avium serocomplex.


A fifteen-membered glycopeptide comprising glycyl, 3-(1,3-thiazol-4-yl)alanyl, alanyl, glycyl, phenylalanyl, (5R)-5-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxy)lysyl, glycyl. alpha-glutamyl, glutaminyl, glycyl, prolyl, lysyl, glycyl, alpha-glutamyl and threonine residues coupled in sequence.


organothiophosphorus compound

An organothiophosphorus compound is an organophosphorus compound which contains a phosphorus-sulfur bond.


thiocarboxylic ester

An ester in which one or both oxygens of an ester group have been replaced by divalent sulfur.


organic trisulfide

An organosulfur compound with structure Compounds of structure R(1)SSSR(2) in which R(1) and R(2) are organic groups.


organosulfur compound

An organosulfur compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-sulfur bond.


mesylmethyl(benzyl)sulfone

A member of the class of benzenes that is benzene substituted by a [(methanesulfonyl)methanesulfonyl]methyl group.


dithiocarbamic acids

Any organic acid in which both oxygens of a carbamic acid have been replaced by sulfur.


methanesulfonates

Esters or salts of methanesulfonic acid.


glutathione derivative

Any organonitrogen compound derived from the Glu-Cys-Gly tripeptide glutathione.


thioureas

Compounds of general formula RR'NC(=S)NR''R'''.


divinyl sulfone

A sulfone compound having two S-vinyl substituents.


aryl thiol

An aryl thiol is a thiol in which a sulfanyl group, SH, is attached to an aryl group.


S-glycosyl compound

A glycosyl compound arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and a S atom bound to a carbon atom, thus creating a C-S bond.


thiocarbonyl compound

Any compound containing the thiocarbonyl group, C=S.


A glycoside that consists of alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose where the hydrogen of the anomeric OH group is substituted by a 3-(hexadecylsulfonyl)-2-[(hexadecylsulfonyl)methyl]propyl group.


A glycoside that consists of alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactose where the hydrogen of the anomeric OH group is substituted by a 3-(hexadecylsulfonyl)-2-[(hexadecylsulfonyl)methyl]propyl group.


organic sulfide

Compounds having the structure RSR (R =/= H). Such compounds were once called thioethers.


alkanethiol

An alkanethiol is a compound in which a sulfanyl group, -SH, is attached to an alkyl group.


(R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine

An S-adenosyl-L-methionine that has R-configuration.


methionine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of methionine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of methionine  by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing methionine residues.


aryl sulfide

Any organic sulfide in which the sulfur is attached to at least one aromatic group.


nitroso-dapsone

A sulfone that is a metabolite of dapsone in which one of the amino groups of dapsone has been oxidized to a nitroso group.


sulfide

Any sulfur molecular entity that involves either covalently bonded or anionic sulfur.


sulfoximide

Compounds having the structure RS(=O)=NR.


dithioacetal

A thioacetal having the structure R2C(SR')2. The term includes dithioketals (R =/= H, R' =/= H) as a subclass.


glutathione conjugate

Any bioconjugate in which glutathione is one of the components


S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione

An S-substituted glutathione that is glutathione in which the mercapto hydrogen has been replaced by a hydroxymethyl group.


A glycoside that consists of beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose where the hydrogen of the anomeric OH group is substituted by a 3-(hexadecylsulfonyl)-2-[(hexadecylsulfonyl)methyl]propyl group.


methionine S-oxide

The S-oxide derivative of methionine. It is a biomarker of oxidative stress.


acedapsone

A sulfone that is dapsone in which both of the amino groups been acetylation. An antimicrobial drug, it also has antimalarial activity.


methyl sulfide

Any aliphatic sulfide in which at least one of the organyl groups attached to the sulfur is a methyl group.


thiosemicarbazone

A hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with the non-thioacylated nitrogen of thiosemicarbazide or its substituted derivatives.


ethyl sulfide

An aliphatic sulfide in which the sulfur atom is bonded to at least one ethyl group.


isothiocyanate

An organosulfur compound with the general formula R-N=C=S.


An S-substituted glutathione in which the thiol hydrogen of glutathione is replaced by a 4-nitrobenzyl group.


sulfoxide

An organosulfur compound having the structure R2S=O or R2C=S=O (R =/= H).


thioacetal

The sulfur analogue of 'acetal'.  The term includes monothioacetals having the structure R2C(OR')(SR') (subclass monothioketals, R =/= H); and dithioacetals having the structure R2C(SR')2 (subclass dithioketals, R =/= H, R' =/= H).


thiol

An organosulfur compound in which a thiol group, -SH, is attached to a carbon atom of any aliphatic or aromatic moiety.


thiosugar

A carbohydrate derivative in which one or more of the oxygens or hydroxy groups of the parent carbohydrate is replaced by sulfur or -SR, where R can be hydrogen or any group.


thioselenide

A sulfur molecular entity containing a selenium-sulfur bond.


monothioacetal

A thioacetal having the structure R2C(OR')(SR'). The term includes monothioketals, R =/= H, as a subclass.


dithioketal

A dithioacetal of formula R2C(SR')2, R =/= H, R' =/= H.


mycothiol

A pseudodisaccharide, 1D-myo-inosityl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, in which the hydroxy group at the 2-position of the glucose moiety is replaced by an (N-acetyl-L-cysteinyl)amido group.


A glycophytoceramide having a 4-O-(2-adamantylethyl)-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. One of a series of an extensive set of 4"-O-alkylated alpha-GalCer analogues evaluated (PMID:30556652) as invariant natural killer T-cell (iNKT) antigens.


Any 6-carbon amino monosaccharide with at least one alcoholic hydroxy group replaced by an amino group.


A glycopeptidolipid consisting of L-lysine, to the N-2 of which is attached an N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetylmuramoyl moiety connected to the amino terminus of the dipeptide L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine, and to the N-6 of which is attached a stearoyl group.


A glycopeptidolipid antigen from clinically prominent members of the Mycobacterium avium serocomplex.


GPL P-I

A glycopeptidolipid antigen isolated from Mycobacterium peregrinum.


A glycopeptidolipid antigen from clinically prominent members of the Mycobacterium avium serocomplex


GPL C-II

A glycopeptidolipid antigen isolated from Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium abscessus.


A ceramide that is the N-(2-hydroxyeicosanoyl) derivative of eicosasphinganine.


palmitoyl bioconjugate

A bioconjugate obtained by coupling of palmitic acid to another biomolecule (e.g. coenzyme A, an acyl-carrier protein, a phospholipid, an oligosaccharide, a nucleic acid etc.), which for the sake of convenience, is represented by an R group.


A beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphingosine in which the acyl group specified is eicosanoyl.


A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a linear hexasaccharide made up from a sialyl residue, three galactose residues, one N-acetylgalactosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to the ceramide portion via a beta-linkage.


alpha-psychosine

A glycosylsphingoid consisting of sphingosine having an alpha-D-galactosyl residue attached at the 1-position.


psychosine

A glycosylsphingoid consisting of sphingosine having a beta-D-galactosyl residue attached at the 1-position.


A glycosylsphingoid in which a beta-D-galactosyl residue is attached to the primary hydroxyl group of sphinganine.


An N-icosenoylphytosphingosine in which the double bond is located at position 11 (the Z-geoisomer).


A glycophytoceramide having a 4-O-(6-phenylhexyl)-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. One of a series of an extensive set of 4"-O-alkylated alpha-GalCer analogues evaluated (PMID:30556652) as invariant natural killer T-cell (iNKT) antigens.


formamides

Amides with the general formula R(1)R(2)NCHO (R(1) and R(2) can be H).


pnictogen molecular entity

A p-block molecular entity containing any pnictogen.


oxime

Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.


A glycopentaosylceramide having alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base.


glycine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of glycine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.


ganglioside GM2 (8:0)

A sialotriaosylceramide that is N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine in which the acyl group on the sphingosine nitrogen is octanoyl. A synthetic modification of the natural ganglioside GM2.


An N-acetyl-beta-D-glycosaminyl glycopeptide consisting of an N-acetyl-beta-D-glycosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetylmuramoyl moiety attached to the amino terminus of the tripeptide L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-6-carboxy-L-lysine via an amide linkage.


A galactosylceramide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of docosanoic acid with the amino group of beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-hexadecasphingosine.


L-tryptophan derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-tryptophan at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-tryptophan by a heteroatom.


A glycotriaosylceramide having N-butyryl-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl as the triaosyl component.


A ganglioside derivative that is ganglioside GM1 with a single bond instead of the C4=C5 double bond of sphingosine.


alpha-D-glucuronosylceramide

A uronoglycosphingolipid where the uronosyl head group is alpha-D-glucuronic acid.


triazene derivative

A nitrogen molecular entity resulting from the formal substitution of one or more of the hydrogens of triazene.


glycotetraosylceramide

An oligoglycosylceramide consisting of a glycotetraosyl moiety attached to the ceramide oxygen with an unspecified N-acyl substituent attached to the ceramide nitrogen.


L-tyrosine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-tyrosine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-tyrosine by a heteroatom.


A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a linear hexasaccharide made up from two N-glycoloylneuraminyl residues, two galactose residues, one N-acetylglucosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to the ceramide portion via a beta-linkage.


A glycophytoceramide having a 4-O-(cyclobutylmethyl)-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. One of a series of an extensive set of 4"-O-alkylated alpha-GalCer analogues evaluated (PMID:30556652) as invariant natural killer T-cell (iNKT) antigens.


A beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide in which the ceramide component is specified as N-acylsphinganine.


A glucosylceramide consisting of a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached to the primary hydroxyl group of phytosphingosine.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 26 carbons and 0 double bonds.


asperamide B

A glucosylceramide found in Penicillium commune.


An oligosaccharide derivative that consists of the dodecasaccharide alpha-D-Ara-(1->5)-[alpha-D-Ara-(1->5)-alpha-D-Ara-(1->3)]-alpha-D-Ara-(1->5)-alpha-D-Ara-(1->5)-alpha-D-Ara-(1->2)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)]-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)-alpha-D-Man linked at the reducing end glycosidically to a 6-azidohexyl group.


A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a branched hexasaccharide made up from two sialyl residues, two galactose residues, one N-acetylgalactosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to the ceramide portion via a beta-linkage.


A glycophytoceramide having a 4-O-(4-methylbenzyl)-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. One of a series of an extensive set of 4"-O-alkylated alpha-GalCer analogues evaluated (PMID:30556652) as invariant natural killer T-cell (iNKT) antigens.


A fifteen-membered glycopeptide comprising glycyl, homoleucyl, alanyl, glycyl, 4-fluorophenylalanyl, (5R)-5-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxy)lysyl, glycyl. alpha-glutamyl, glutaminyl, glycyl, prolyl, lysyl, glycyl, alpha-glutamyl and threonine residues coupled in sequence.


name: (2S, 3S, 4R)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxypentacosanoylamino]-1, 3, 4-octadecanetriol


isoglobotetraosyl ceramide

A glycotetraosylceramide compound having an isoglobotetraosyl moiety attached to the primary hydroxy group of the ceramide.


An artificial glycosphingolipid composed of the ceramide mimetic C12L (CHEBI:190285) bound to a beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->6)]-D-GlcNAc oligosaccharide via a beta-linkage.


A glycosylceramide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of docosanoic acid with the amino group of 1-(2',3',4',6'-tetraacetylbeta-D-galactosyl)-3-acetylsphingosine.


A beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphinganine in which the acyl group specified is tetracosanoyl.


ganglioside GM2 (20:0)

A sialotriaosylceramide that is N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine in which the acyl group on the sphingosine nitrogen is icosanoyl. A constituent of natural ganglioside GM2.


A beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphinganine in which the acyl group is specified as tetracosanoyl.


A ceramide that is the N-(2-hydroxytetracosanoyl) derivative of 4-hydroxyeicosasphinganine.


hydroxylamines

Hydroxylamine, H2N-OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.


amino acid derivative

Any derivative of an amino acid resulting from reaction at an amino group, carboxy group, side-chain functional group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing amino acid residues.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 17 carbons and 0 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and a palmitoyl (hexadecanoyl) group attached to the nitrogen.


mononitroglycerol

A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which one nitro group replaces the hydrogen(s) attached to one of the hydroxy groups.


A glycotetraosylceramide having beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the tetrasaccharide component.


A glucosylceramide consisting of a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached to the primary hydroxyl group of N-acylpentadecasphingosine.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 19 carbons and 4 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


MOPS

An oxygen molecular entity that acts as an excellent buffer for many biological systems at near-neutral pH.


A sialotriosylceramide that consists of a beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc moiety attached via a glycosidic bond at position 1 of N-acylicosasphingosine.


A beta-D-glucosylceramide in which a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached to the primary hydroxyl group of N-tricosanoyl-14-methylhexadecasphingosine. It is a metabolite of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.


polyamine

Any organic amino compound that contains two or more amino groups.


nitrohydrocarbon

A C-nitro compound that is a hydrocarbon in which one or more of the hydrogens has been replaced by nitro groups.


A glycopentaosylceramide having beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-[N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base.


A glucosylceramide consisting of a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached to the primary hydroxyl group of N-acyl-(4E,6E)-pentadecasphingadienine.


L-phenylalanine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-phenylalanine  at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-phenylalanine  by a heteroatom.


A D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine in which a beta-D-galactosyl residue is attached to the primary hydroxy group of any N-(2-hydroxyacyl)sphingosine.


N-nitrosoureas

A nitroso compound that is any urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group


A sialotriaosylceramide consisting of a linear pentasaccharide made up from two N-acetylneuraminyl residues, an N-acetyl-6-O-[(2-aminoethoxy)(hydroxy)phosphoryl]-beta-D-glucosaminyl residue, a mannosyl residue and a glucosyl residue at the reducing end attached to the ceramide portion via a beta-linkage.


ganglioside GM2 (18:0) amide

A sialotriaosylceramide that is ganglioside GM2 (18:0) in which the carboxy function of the sialic acid residue has been converted into a carboxamide.


An N-acetyl-beta-D-glycosaminyl glycopeptide consisting of an N-acetyl-beta-D-glycosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetylmuramoyl moiety attached to the amino terminus of the pentapeptide L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-N(6)-(beta-D-Asp)-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala via an amide linkage.


ammonium compound

Compounds (NH4(+))Y(-) and derivatives, in which one or more of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with univalent groups.


name: ganglioside GM2 (18:0) NeuAc-C7-de(1,2,-dihydroxyethyl)

description: A sialotriaosylceramide that is ganglioside GM2 (18:0) in which the sialo residue is truncated at C-7.


A beta-D-glucoside that is the 2-azidoethyl glycoside of a tetrasaccharide (Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 14 tetrasaccharide) consisting of at the reducing end an N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine residue to which are linked (1->4) and (1->6) respectively a beta-D-glucose residue and a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl disaccharide unit.


An N-acyl-D-galactosylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is composed of 26 carbons, 1 double bond and a hydroxy group at C2.


A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and an 8-phenyloctanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


A sialopentaosylceramide consisting of a alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glucosyl unit attached to a Cer(d18:1/23:0).


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 23 carbons and 0 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


An oligoglycosylceramide consisting of a branched nonasaccharide made up from five sialyl residues, two galactose residues, one N-acetylgalactosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to N-acylsphingosine via a beta-linkage.


reactive nitrogen species

A family of nitrogen molecular entities which are highly reactive and derived from nitric oxide (.NO) and superoxide (O2.(-)) produced via the enzymatic activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and NADPH oxidase respectively.


azoxy compound

An N-oxide of an azo compound of structure RN=N(+)(O(-))R.


A ceramide that is the N-(2-hydroxyhexadecanoyl) derivative of 4-hydroxyeicosasphinganine.


A glycophytoceramide having a 6-deoxy-6-(N'-naphthoureido)-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


N-acetylhexosaminyl-dihexosylceramide

A glycotriaosylceramide in which the trisaccharide portion includes one N-acetyl hexosaminyl residue and two hexosyl residues.


A dihydroceramide in which the acyl moiety contains 24 carbons, 1 double bond, and a hydroxyl group on position 2.


furanilide fungicide

Any anilide fungicide whose structure contains a furanilide group [ArC(=O)N(R)Ar', where Ar is a furanyl or substituted furanyl group and Ar' is a phenyl or substituted phenyl group].


A dihydroceramide in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as 2-hydroxyhexadecanoyl


An N-acyl-D-galactosylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is composed of 25 carbons  and a hydroxy group at C2.


A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a linear pentasaccharide made up from one sialyl residue, two galactose residues, one N-acetylgalactosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to the ceramide portion via a beta-linkage.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 21 carbons and 2 double bonds.


N-octacosanoylsphinganine

A dihydroceramide that is the N-(octacosanoyl) derivative of sphinganine.


A glycophytoceramide having a 4-O-[3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propyl]-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. One of a series of an extensive set of 4"-O-alkylated alpha-GalCer analogues evaluated (PMID:30556652) as invariant natural killer T-cell (iNKT) antigens.


A beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphinganine in which the acyl group is specified as (15Z)-tetracosenoyl.


A C20 phytoceramide in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as 2-hydroxytetradecanoyl.


A glycooctaosylceramide having beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->3)-[beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->6)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc as the oligoglycosyl component.


sphingoid

Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.


primary diamine

A primary diamine is a compound derived from a hydrocarbon by replacing two hydrogen atoms by amino groups.


N-glycolylneuraminyllactosylceramide

A sialotriaosylceramide in which the triaosyl group is 3,5-dideoxy-5-(2-hydroxyacetamido)-D-glycero-alpha-D-galacto-non-2-ulopyranonosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl attached to the primary hydroxy function of ceramide. A tumour antigen found in solid tumors such as breast carcinoma, nonsmall cell lung cancer, and melanoma, but not usually detected in normal human cells.


A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a branched heptasaccharide made up from three sialyl residues, two galactose residues, one N-acetylglucosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to the ceramide portion via a beta-linkage.


A sialohexaosylceramide consisting of a linear heptasaccharide made up from one glycolylneuraminyl residue, three galactose residues, two N-acetylglucosamine residues and one glucose residue, which at the reducing end is attached to the ceramide portion via a beta-linkage.


vitamin B12

Any member of a group of cobalamin vitamers that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with low red blood cell count and anemia. The vitamers are found in foods such as cereals, meat, fish, and poultry. The vitamers include adenosylcobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, cyanocobalamin, aquacobalamin, nitritocobalamin and methylcobabalamin (also includes their ionized, salt and phosphate derivatives).


A beta-D-glucosylceramide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of henicosanoic acid with the amino group of beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-(4E,14Z)-sphingadienine.


glycooctaosylceramide

An oligoglycosylceramide consisting of a glycooctaosyl moiety attached to the ceramide oxygen with an unspecified N-acyl substituent attached to the ceramide nitrogen.


primary amide

A derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group.


oxime O-ether

O-organyl oximes R2C=NOR' (R' =/= H).


A  N-acyl-beta-D-galactosylsphingosine in which the acyl group is specified as tricosanoyl.


acetyl-amino acid

Any amino acid derivative that is the N-acetyl or O-acetyl derivative of an amino acid.


azo compound

Derivatives of diazene with the general structure R-N=N-R'.


A glycotetraosylceramide having beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base.


A glycotriaosylceramide having N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl as the triaosyl component.


N-nitrososarcosine

A nitrosamine that is sarcosine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a nitroso group.


A N-acyl-beta-D-galactosylsphingosine in which the acyl group specified is (17Z)-hexacosenoyl.


A fifteen-membered glycopeptide comprising glycyl, isoleucyl, alanyl, glycyl, 4-fluorophenylalanyl, (5R)-5-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxy)lysyl, glycyl. alpha-glutamyl, glutaminyl, glycyl, prolyl, lysyl, glycyl, alpha-glutamyl and threonine residues coupled in sequence.


A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-glucopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and an tetracosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


A glycophytoceramide having a 4-O-[3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)propyl]-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. One of a series of an extensive set of 4"-O-alkylated alpha-GalCer analogues evaluated (PMID:30556652) as invariant natural killer T-cell (iNKT) antigens.


N-acylphytosphingosine

A ceramide that is phytosphingosine having a fatty acyl group attached to the nitrogen.


A sialopentaosylceramide consisting of a alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glucosyl unit attached to a Cer(d18:1/22:0).


A glycotriaosylceramide having alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl as the glycotriaosyl component attached to the Cer(d18:1/24:0).


thionylimide

An imide in which an imino group and an oxo group are both attached to an atom of sulfur.


N-tetradecanoylicosasphinganine

A C20 dihydroceramide in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).


N-tricosanoyl-D-galactosylsphingosine

An N-acyl-D-galactosylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as tricosanoyl


A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and an 11-(4-fluorophenyl)undecanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


A glycophytoceramide having an 6-O-(3-phenylpropanoyl)-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen; a C6"-modified alpha-GalCer derivative.


A beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphinganine in which the acyl group specified is (17Z)-hexacosenoyl.


sialoheptaosylceramide

A ganglioside in which the oligosaccharide portion is composed of a heptasaccharide, to which one or more sialic acid residues are attached.


A sialotriaosylceramide consisting of beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc attached to the primary hydroxy function of ceramide(d18:1/21:0).


A branched glycooctaosylceramide having alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->6)-[beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc as the glycooctaosyl component.


A galactosylceramide with a proposed structure in which an alpha-galactose residue is linked glycosidically to a sphingoid backbone with substituents -C(=O)Cn(OH)H2n on nitrogen and -C31-n(OH)H62-2n on C-2. Obtained from the intestinal microbe Bacteroides fragilis NCTC 9343. In the structural diagram R1 = Cn(OH)H2n and R2 = C31-n(OH)H62-2n.


A glycotriaosylceramide having alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl as the glycotriaosyl component attached to the Cer(d18:1/24:1(15Z)).


A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-lactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


A D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine where the ceramide N-acyl group is nervonoyl [(15Z)-tetracos-15-enoyl] and the D-galactosyl component has beta anomeric configuration.


A glycopeptide that consists of glycyl, phenylalanyl, (5R)-5-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxy)lysyl, glycyl. alpha-glutamyl, glutaminyl, glycyl, prolyl, lysyl, glycyl, alpha-glutamyl and threonine residues coupled in sequence with an isostere-modified IlePsi[(E)-CH=CH]Ala group attached to the amino terminus.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 27 carbons and 0 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


An aminotrisaccharide that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose in which the hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 6 have been glycosylated by a beta-D-galactopyranosyl group and a beta-D-glucopyranosyl group, respectively.


A galactosylceramide consisting of a beta-D-galactosyl residue attached to the primary hydroxyl group of N-acyl-(4E,8E)-9-methylsphinga-4,8-dienine.


A glycosphingolipid identical with alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer) with the exception of the replacement of the C-2 carbonyl oxygen on the acyl chain with a sulfur atom.


A dihydroceramide in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as 2-hydroxydocosanoyl.


An N-icosenoylsphinganine in which the double bond is located at position 11 (the Z-geoisomer).


A glycophytoceramide having a 4-O-(5-phenylpentyl)-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. One of a series of an extensive set of 4"-O-alkylated alpha-GalCer analogues evaluated (PMID:30556652) as invariant natural killer T-cell (iNKT) antigens.


A glycophytoceramide having a 4-O-[4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. One of a series of an extensive set of 4"-O-alkylated alpha-GalCer analogues evaluated (PMID:30556652) as invariant natural killer T-cell (iNKT) antigens.


amide

An amide is a derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group.


amide antifungal agent

A compound that has significant antifungal properties whose structure contains an amide moiety.


isocyanates

Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group -N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C#N).


A sialotriaosylceramide consisting of the hexasaccharide beta-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-Gal-(1->4)-beta-Glc attached to the primary hydroxy function of ceramide(d18:1/18:0).


A fifteen-membered glycopeptide comprising glycyl, cyclopropylalanyl, alanyl, glycyl, 4-pyridylylalanyl, (5R)-5-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxy)lysyl, glycyl. alpha-glutamyl, glutaminyl, glycyl, prolyl, lysyl, glycyl, alpha-glutamyl and threonine residues coupled in sequence.


acetamides

Compounds with the general formula RNHC(=O)CH3.


carbohydrazide

A hydrazide consisting of hydrazine carrying one or more carboacyl groups.


A sialotriaosylceramide consisting of beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc attached to the primary hydroxy function of ceramide(d18:1/24:2), the position of the double bond in the tetracosadienoyl group being unspecified.


A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-galctopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and a nonanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


A fifteen-membered glycopeptide comprising glycyl, 2-aminoindane-2-formyl, alanyl, glycyl, cyclohexylalanyl, (5R)-5-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxy)lysyl, glycyl. alpha-glutamyl, glutaminyl, glycyl, prolyl, lysyl, glycyl, alpha-glutamyl and threonine residues coupled in sequence.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 20 carbons and 4 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


A glycophytoceramide that consists of phytosphingosine having a 6-acetamido-6-deoxy-alpha-D-galactosyl attached at the O-1 position via a glycosidic linkage and a (Z)-tetracos-15-enoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


carboxamide

An amide of a carboxylic acid, having the structure RC(=O)NR2. The term is used as a suffix in systematic name formation to denote the -C(=O)NH2 group including its carbon atom.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 21 carbons and 4 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


An N-acyl-D-galactosylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is composed of 24 carbons and 2 double bonds.


nucleoside analogue

An analogue of a nucleoside, being an N-glycosyl compound in which the nitrogen-containing moiety is a modified nucleotide base. They are commonly used as antiviral products to prevent viral replication in infected cells.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 18 carbons and 2 double bonds.


N-methyl-amino acid

An amino acid derivative in which at least one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a methyl group.


phosphoramide

A compound in which one or more of the OH groups of phosphoric acid have been replaced with an amino or substituted amino group. The term is commonly confined to the phosphoric triamides, P(=O)(NR2)3, since replacement of one or two OH groups produces phosphoramidic acids: P(=O)(OH)(NR2)2 , P(=O)(OH)2(NR2).


hydrazone

Compounds having the structure R2C=NNR2, formally derived from aldehydes or ketones by replacing =O by =NNH2 (or substituted analogues).


A glycophytoceramide having a 6-O-(1-naphthylcarbamoyl)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


B vitamin

Any member of the group of eight water-soluble vitamins originally thought to be a single compound (vitamin B) that play important roles in cell metabolism. The group comprises of vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12 (Around 20 other compounds were once thought to be B vitamins but are no longer classified as such).


A beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphingosine in which the acyl group specified is octadecanoyl.


cyanates

Salts and esters of cyanic acid, HOC#N; compounds carrying the cyanate functional group -O-C#N.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 27 carbons and 0 double bonds.


A beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphinganine in which the acyl group specified is hexacosanoyl.


A sphinganine derivative having a beta-D-glucosyl group at the 1-position and an octadecanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


A glycononaosylceramide having beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->6)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc as the glycononaosyl component.


A glycosylceramide in which the oligoglycosyl component can be any oligoglycosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl residue.


nitroalkane

A nitrohydrocarbon that is an alkane in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a nitro group.


A sialopentaosylceramide consisting of alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glucosyl unit attached to the Cer(d18:1/20:0).


mixed diacylamine

Any imide in which the acyl substituents are any two from carboacyl, sulfonyl and phosphoryl


CHRYSOGESIDE E

A glucosylceramide isolated from Penicillium chrysogenum.


imine

Compounds having the structure RN=CR2 (R = H, hydrocarbyl). Thus analogues of aldehydes or ketones, having NR doubly bonded to carbon; aldimines have the structure RCH=NR, ketimines have the structure R'2C=NR (where R' is not H). Imines include azomethines and Schiff bases. Imine is used as a suffix in systematic nomenclature to denote the C=NH group excluding the carbon atom.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 23 carbons and 0 double bonds.


A C20 dihydroceramide in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as 2-hydroxytricontanoyl.


An amino disaccharide that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been converted into the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside.


A glycophytoceramide having an 4-deoxy-alpha-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and an hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


A glycophytoceramide having a 4-O-(4-phenylbutyl)-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. One of a series of an extensive set of 4"-O-alkylated alpha-GalCer analogues evaluated (PMID:30556652) as invariant natural killer T-cell (iNKT) antigens.


A glycophytoceramide having a 4-O-allyl-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. One of a series of an extensive set of 4"-O-alkylated alpha-GalCer analogues evaluated (PMID:30556652) as invariant natural killer T-cell (iNKT) antigens.


vitamin B9

Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 19 carbons and 0 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and an 11-(4-methoxyphenyl)undecanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


A glycophytoceramide having a 4-O-(3-phenylpropyl)-alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. One of a series of an extensive set of 4"-O-alkylated alpha-GalCer analogues evaluated (PMID:30556652) as invariant natural killer T-cell (iNKT) antigens.


A sialohexaosylceramide consisting of a linear heptasaccharide made up from one sialyl residue, three galactose residues, two N-acetylglucosamine residues and one glucose residue, which at the reducing end is attached to the ceramide portion via a beta-linkage.


A D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine in which the galactosyl moiety is attached by a beta-linkage at the anomeric position and in which the N-acyl moiety bears a hydroxy group alpha- to the carboxamide group


A fifteen-membered glycopeptide comprising glycyl, 2-aminoindane-2-formyl, alanyl, glycyl, phenylalanyl, (5R)-5-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxy)lysyl, glycyl. alpha-glutamyl, glutaminyl, glycyl, prolyl, lysyl, glycyl, alpha-glutamyl and threonine residues coupled in sequence.


A galactosylceramide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of icosanoic acid with the amino group of beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-(4E,14Z)-sphingadienine.


A beta-D-glucosylceramide in which a beta-D-glucosyl residue attached to the primary hydroxyl group of N-pentacosanoyl-14-methylhexadecasphingosine. It is a metabolite of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.


sphingolipid

Sphingolipids are a complex family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone.


A hexosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphinganine in which the hexosyl component is specified as  beta-D-glucosyl.


A dihydroceramide in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as 2-hydroxyoctadecanoyl.


phosphine

Phosphane (PH3) and compounds derived from it by substituting one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups: RPH2, R2PH, R3P (R =/= H) are called primary, secondary and tertiary phosphines, respectively. A specific phosphine is preferably named as a substituted phosphane.


ganglioside GT1b

A sialoheptaosylceramide where the sialoheptaosyl portion contains three sialic acid residues.


glycodihydroceramide

A dihydroceramide having at least one glycosyl group attached to either of its hydroxy groups.


AcGly-Ser(O-L-alpha-D-Hep)-Gly-Leu

A derivatised tetrapeptide in which a parent tetrapeptide comprising glycine, L-serine, glycine and L-leucine residues coupled in sequence, has its terminal glycine residue  acetylated on nitrogen and its serine residue L-glycero-alpha-D-heptosylated on oxygen.


amide fungicide

Compounds that contain an amide group as a key feature of their structure and which have been used as fungicides.


N-icosenoylsphinganine

A dihydroceramide in which the acyl group contains 20 carbons and 1 double bond of unknown position.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 25 carbons and 0 double bonds and is 2-hydroxylated.


An N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosylceramide in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as stearoyl.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 28 carbons and 0 double bonds.


asparagine derivative

An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of asparagine at the amino group, the carboxy group, or the carboxamide, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of asparagine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing asparagine residues.


organonitrogen compound

Any heteroorganic entity containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond.


An N-acyl-1-O-beta-D-glucosyl-15-methylhexadecasphing-4-enine in which the acyl group has 19 carbons and 2 double bonds.


A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and a 9-phenylnonanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


A sialopentaosylceramide consisting of a alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glucosyl unit attached to a Cer(d18:1/24:0).


A fifteen-membered glycopeptide comprising glycyl, cyclohexylglycyl, alanyl, glycyl, 4-pyridylalanyl, (5R)-5-(beta-D-galactopyranosyloxy)lysyl, glycyl. alpha-glutamyl, glutaminyl, glycyl, prolyl, lysyl, glycyl, alpha-glutamyl and threonine residues coupled in sequence.


A cerebroside in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as hexadecanoyl.


sialodecaosylceramide

A ganglioside in which the oligosaccharide portion is composed of a decasaccharide, to which one or more sialic acid residues are attached.


pantothenic acids

A class of amides formed from pantoic acid and beta-alanine and its derivatives.


D-galactosyl-N-hexadecanoylsphinganine

A  glycodihydroceramide that is a sphinganine derivative having a D-galactosyl group at the 1-position and a hexadecanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


D-tyrosine derivative

A non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of D-tyrosine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of D-tyrosine by a heteroatom.


glycodiaosylceramide

An oligoglycosylceramide in which the oligoglycosyl component is derived from the cyclic form of a disaccharide (or derivative).


A phytoceramide in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as 2-hydroxytriacontanoyl.


A sialotriaosylceramide consisting of beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc attached to the primary hydroxy function of ceramide(d18:1/18:0).


A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a branched octasaccharide made up from four sialyl residues, two galactose residues, one N-acetylglucosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to the ceramide portion via a beta-linkage.


N-glycosyl compound

A glycosyl compound arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to a nitrogen atom, thus creating a C-N bond.


4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucoside

A beta-D-glucoside that is beta-D-glucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group.


A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a branched heptasaccharide made up from three sialyl residues, two galactose residues, one N-acetylglucosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to the ceramide portion via a beta-linkage.


A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and a 6-(4-trifluoromethyl)hexanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


nitrogen mustard

Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR.


A sialopentaosylceramide having alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->4)]-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc as the sialopentaosyl component.


A glycophytoceramide having a 6-O-(4-pyridylcarbamoyl)-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and an hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and a dodecanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


L-selenocysteine derivative

A proteinogenic amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of L-selenocysteine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of L-selenocysteine by a heteroatom.


A D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine in which the ceramide N-acyl group is dodecanoyl.


A branched glycononaosylceramide having beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the glycononaosyl portion.


A ceramide that is the N-(2-hydroxyhexadecanoyl) derivative of eicosasphinganine.


A glycophytoceramide having a 6-O-[(4-chlorophenyl)carbamoyl]-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl residue at the O-1 position and an hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen.


sialooctaosylceramide

A ganglioside in which the oligosaccharide portion is composed of an octasaccharide, to which one or more sialic acid residues are attached.