name: positive regulation of macrophage fusion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of macrophage fusion.


name: negative regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane, by the fusion of the plasma membranes of two or more individual cells.


name: regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides, catalyzed by RNA polymerase II.


name: negative regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides, catalyzed by RNA polymerase II.


name: mitochondrial DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex located in the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial RNA polymerase is composed of two subunits, a catalytic core, which resembles the enzymes from bacteriophage T7 and T3, and a specificity factor required for promoter recognition, which is similar to members of the eubacterial sigma factor family. In S. cerevisiae, these are encoded by the nuclear genes RPO41 and MTF1 and the specificity factor, required for promoter recognition and initiation, is not present in the elongating form.


name: mitochondrial transcription factor activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Interacting with the mitochondrial promoter DNA to modulate transcription by the mitochondrial RNA polymerase.


snoRNA splicing

description: The process of removing sections of a primary snoRNA transcript to remove sequences not present in the mature form of the snoRNA and joining the remaining sections to form the mature form of the snoRNA.


regulation of amide metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides.


name: negative regulation of amide metabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides.


name: positive regulation of amide metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving amides.


regulation of amide catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amides.


name: negative regulation of amide catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amides.


name: positive regulation of amide catabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amides.


regulation of urea catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of urea.


regulation of urea metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving urea.


chlorophyll(ide) b reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 71-hydroxychlorophyll(ide) a + NAD(P)+ = chlorophyll(ide) b + NAD(P)H + H+.


name: nicotinamide riboside transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of nicotinamide riboside, which is a pyridine-3-carboxamide covalently bonded to a ribose sugar, from one side of a membrane to the other.


nicotinamide riboside transport

description: The directed movement of a nicotinamide riboside, which is a pyridine-3-carboxamide covalently bonded to a ribose sugar, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


negative regulation of GTPase activity

description: Any process that stops or reduces the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.


name: positive regulation of autophagy in response to ER overload

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The process in which the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum triggers a response that positively regulates autophagy.


isopentenyl adenine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the cytokinin 6-isopentenyladenine.


name: isopentenyl adenine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cytokinin 6-isopentenyladenine.


isopentenyl adenine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the cytokinin 6-isopentenyladenine.


discadenine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving discadenine, (2S)-2-amino-4-{6-[(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)amino]-3H-purin-3-yl}butanoic acid.


discadenine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of discadenine, (2S)-2-amino-4-{6-[(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)amino]-3H-purin-3-yl}butanoic acid.


discadenine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of discadenine, (2S)-2-amino-4-{6-[(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)amino]-3H-purin-3-yl}butanoic acid.


Cvt complex

description: A protein complex that is involved in the Cvt pathway. In budding yeast, the Cvt complex consists of multimers of preApe1p.


name: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class III, type I

description: A class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that is involved in autophagy. In budding yeast, this complex consists of Vps30p, Vps34p, Apg14p and Vps15p.


name: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class III, type II

description: A class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that is involved in vacuolar protein sorting (VPS) via endosomes. In budding yeast, this complex consists of Vps30p, Vps34p, Vps38 and Vps15p.


Atg12-Atg5-Atg16 complex

description: A protein complex required for the expansion of the autophagosomal membrane. In budding yeast, this complex consists of Atg12p, Atg5p and Atg16p.


kynurenic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving kynurenic acid, 4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid.


kynurenic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of kynurenic acid, 4-hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid.


ent-cassa-12,15-diene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-cassa-12,15-diene + diphosphate.


stemar-13-ene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate = stemar-13-ene + diphosphate.


syn-pimara-7,15-diene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate = 9-beta-pimara-7,15-diene + diphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-sandaracopimara-8(14),15-diene + diphosphate.


ent-isokaurene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-isokaurene + diphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: ent-copalyl diphosphate = ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene + diphosphate.


syn-stemod-13(17)-ene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 9-alpha-copalyl diphosphate = stemod-13(17)-ene + diphosphate.


response to monosaccharide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monosaccharide stimulus.


response to disaccharide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disaccharide stimulus.


response to maltose

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a maltose stimulus.


detection of monosaccharide stimulus

description: The series of events in which a stimulus from a monosaccharide is received and converted into a molecular signal.


detection of disaccharide stimulus

description: The series of events in which a stimulus from a disaccharide is received and converted into a molecular signal.


detection of maltose stimulus

description: The series of events in which a maltose stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


sexual sporulation

description: The formation of spores derived from the products of meiosis.


sexual spore wall assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a sexual spore wall, the specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore derived from a product of meiosis.


basidiospore formation

description: The process in which spores form outside a specialized end cell known as a basidium. Basidia are characteristic of the basidiomycete fungi (phylum Basidiomycota), and give rise to spores that each contain a haploid nucleus that is the product of meiosis. The spores are usually attached to the basidium by short spikes called sterigmata (singular: sterigma). In most basidiomycetes there are four sterigmata (and four spores) to a basidium.


zygospore formation

description: The process in which zygospores are formed. Zygospores are characteristic of the zygomycete fungi (phylum Zygomycota) thick-walled and darkly colored, and usually heavily ornamented as well, with many spines or ridges. It is formed between two specialized organs called suspensors, which are themselves usually heavily ornamented, one from each mating partner. The zygospore forms between them and then breaks away.


oidium formation

description: The process in which oidia, a type of asexual spore found in fungi, are formed. Oidia are borne a few at a time on very simple hyphae that protrude a short distance into the substrate, and are usually presumed not to constitute the main reproductive strategy of the fungus.


arthrospore formation

description: The formation of conidia by the conversion of a pre-existing hypha. An arthrospore is produced by the last cell on a hypha breaking off and dispersing. Usually the walls thicken and the cell(s) separates before swelling of each spore. Sometimes further septa form in each cell prior to disarticulation.


reproductive blastospore formation

description: The formation of a spore following the marked enlargement of part of a cell before separation by a septum. Blastospores are a type of asexual spore found in some fungi, most notably the class Glomeromycota.


sporangiospore formation

description: The process in which sporangiospores, a type of asexual spore found in fungi, are formed. Sporangiospores are formed within sac-like structure, the sporangium, following the division of the cytoplasm.


endospore formation

description: The process in which a cell gives rise to an endospore, a dormant, highly resistant spore with a thick wall that forms within the mother cell. Endospores are produced by some low G+C Gram-positive bacteria in response to harsh conditions.


akinete formation

description: The process in which an akinete, a thick-walled (encysted) dormant cell derived from the enlargement of a vegetative cell, is formed. Akinetes typically have granular cytoplasm, are more resistant to environmental extremes than vegetative cells, and are characteristic of several groups of Cyanobacteria.


myxospore formation

description: The process in which differentiated, resting cells are formed, usually within a fruiting body by Myxobacteria. The myxospore is more resistant to high temperature, desiccation, and UV than vegetative myxobacteria.


actinomycete-type spore formation

description: The process in which differentiated, resting cells are formed from a substrate mycelium; characteristic of many members of the order Actinomycetales.


regulation of asexual sporulation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of spore formation from the products of mitosis.


regulation of sexual sporulation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of spore formation from the products of meiosis. An example of this is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


regulation of ascospore formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ascospore formation. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


primary alcohol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.


primary alcohol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.


primary alcohol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of primary alcohols. A primary alcohol is any alcohol in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.


diol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a diol, a compound that contains two hydroxy groups, generally assumed to be, but not necessarily, alcoholic.


diol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a diol, any alcohol containing two hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms.


diol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a diol, any alcohol containing two hydroxyl groups attached to saturated carbon atoms.


name: Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation

description: The actin nucleation process in which actin monomers combine to form a new branch on the side of an existing actin filament; mediated by the Arp2/3 protein complex and its interaction with other proteins.


name: regulation of Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation mediated by the Arp2/3 complex and interacting proteins.


name: negative regulation of Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation mediated by the Arp2/3 complex and interacting proteins.


nicotinic acid riboside kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + nicotinic acid riboside = ADP + nicotinic acid mononucleotide.


alcohol O-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group to an oxygen atom on an alcohol acceptor molecule.


alcohol O-butanoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: butanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + a butyl ester.


alcohol O-hexanoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: hexanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + a hexyl ester.


alcohol O-octanoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: octanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + an octyl ester.


alcohol O-decanoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: decanoyl-CoA + an alcohol = CoA + a decyl ester.


O-butanoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a butyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.


O-hexanoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a hexyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.


O-decanoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a decyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.


butanoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a butanoyl (CH3-[CH2]2-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule.


hexanoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a hexanoyl (CH3-[CH2]4-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule.


decanoyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a decanoyl (CH3-[CH2]8-CO-) group to an acceptor molecule.


cell junction assembly

description: A cellular process that results in the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cell junction.


cell junction organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell junction. A cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix.


cell junction maintenance

description: The organization process that preserves a cell junction in a stable functional or structural state. A cell junction is a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix.


adherens junction organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments.


adherens junction assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments.


adherens junction maintenance

description: The maintenance of an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments.


DNA negative supercoiling activity

description: Catalytic introduction of negative supercoils into a DNA molecule or region thereof. In bacteria, negative supercoils are only introduced by DNA gyrase, a type II topoisomerase, but not all DNA gyrases are capable of introducing supercoils. In bacteria, the level of supercoiling varies widely between species and has been characterized properly in only a handful of organisms. The best characterized enzyme, from E.coli, is exceptionally proficient at supercoiling and this ability is not representative of all bacteria.


misfolded RNA binding

description: Binding to an RNA molecule that has assumed an incorrect conformation.


RNA folding

description: The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single or multimeric RNAs into the correct tertiary structure.


short-chain carboxylesterase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a carboxylic ester + H2O = an alcohol + a carboxylic anion, where the carboxylic chain has 8 or fewer carbon atoms.


response to type I interferon

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a type I interferon stimulus. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.


response to type II interferon

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus. Interferon-gamma is also known as type II interferon.


response to type III interferon

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a type III interferon stimulus. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


type III interferon production

description: The appearance of type III interferon due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


name: regulation of type III interferon production

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of type III interferon production. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


name: negative regulation of type III interferon production

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of type III interferon production. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


name: positive regulation of type III interferon production

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of type III interferon production. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


type III interferon binding

description: Binding to a type III interferon. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


type III interferon receptor activity

description: Combining with a type III interferon and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


glial cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a glial cell, a non-neuronal cell of the nervous system.


name: regulation of glial cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of glial cell apoptotic process.


name: negative regulation of glial cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of glial cell apoptotic process.


name: positive regulation of glial cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of glial cell apoptotic process.


mRNA 5'-diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of a 5' terminal diphosphate from the 5'-triphosphate end of an mRNA, leaving a 5'-monophosphate end.


name: 'de novo' NAD biosynthetic process from tryptophan

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), beginning with the synthesis of tryptophan from simpler precursors; biosynthesis may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.


NAD salvage

description: Any process that generates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis; salvage is usually from the degradation products nicotinic acid (Na) and nicotinamide (Nam).


name: NAD biosynthesis via nicotinamide riboside salvage pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from the vitamin precursor nicotinamide riboside.


photosynthetic membrane

description: A membrane enriched in complexes formed of reaction centers, accessory pigments and electron carriers, in which photosynthetic reactions take place.


plasma lipoprotein particle

description: A spherical particle with a hydrophobic core of triglycerides and/or cholesterol esters, surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins. Plasma lipoprotein particles transport lipids, which are non-covalently associated with the particles, in the blood or lymph.


mature chylomicron

description: A chylomicron that contains apolipoprotein C2 (APOC2), a cofactor for lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, and has a mean diameter of 500 nm and density of 0.95g/ml. Mature chylomicron particles transport exogenous (dietary) lipids from the intestines to other body tissues, via the blood and lymph.


chylomicron remnant

description: A lipoprotein particle that is derived from a mature chylomicron particle by the removal of triglycerides from the chylomicron core by lipoprotein lipase and the subsequent loss of surface components. It characteristically contains apolipoprotein E (APOE) and is cleared from the blood by the liver.


very-low-density lipoprotein particle

description: A triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that is typically composed of APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of about 1.006 g/ml and a diameter of between 20-80 nm. It is found in blood and transports endogenous products (newly synthesized cholesterol and triglycerides) from the liver.


low-density lipoprotein particle

description: A lipoprotein particle, rich in cholesterol esters and low in triglycerides that is typically composed of APOB100 and APOE and has a density of 1.02-1.06 g/ml and a diameter of between 20-25 nm. LDL particles are formed from VLDL particles (via IDL) by the loss of triglyceride and gain of cholesterol ester. They transport endogenous cholesterol (and to some extent triglycerides) from peripheral tissues back to the liver.


description: A triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that typically contains APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of 1.006-1.019 g/ml and a diameter of between 25-30 nm. IDL particles are found in blood and are formed by the delipidation of very-low-density lipoprotein particles (VLDL). IDL particles are removed from blood by the liver, following binding to the APOE receptor, or are converted to low-density lipoprotein (LDL).


high-density lipoprotein particle

description: A lipoprotein particle with a high density (typically 1.063-1.21 g/ml) and a diameter of 5-10 nm that contains APOAs and may contain APOCs and APOE; found in blood and carries lipids from body tissues to the liver as part of the reverse cholesterol transport process.


name: discoidal high-density lipoprotein particle

description: A newly formed high-density lipoprotein particle; consists of a phospholipid bilayer surrounded by two or more APOA1 molecules. The discoidal HDL particle is formed when lipid-free or lipid-poor APOA1 acquires phospholipids and unesterified cholesterol from either cell membranes or triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (undergoing lipolysis by lipoprotein lipase).


name: spherical high-density lipoprotein particle

description: A mature high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle, converted from discoidal HDL particles following the esterification of cholesterol in the particle by phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase (lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase; LCAT).


protein-containing complex remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss, or modification of macromolecules within a complex, resulting in the alteration of an existing complex.


protein-lipid complex remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a protein-lipid complex.


plasma lipoprotein particle remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a plasma lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by hepatic lipase, with the subsequent loss of free fatty acid, and the esterification of cholesterol by phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase (lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase; LCAT).


name: triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by lipoprotein lipase, with the subsequent loss of free fatty acid, and the transfer of cholesterol esters to a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), with the simultaneous transfer of triglyceride from a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle.


chylomicron remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a chylomicron, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by lipoprotein lipase and the subsequent loss of free fatty acid.


name: very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a very-low-density lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by hepatic lipase or lipoprotein lipase and the subsequent loss of free fatty acid.


name: intermediate-density lipoprotein particle remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within an intermediate-density lipoprotein particle.


name: low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a low-density lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by hepatic lipase, with the subsequent loss of free fatty acid, and the transfer of cholesterol esters from LDL to a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), with the simultaneous transfer of triglyceride to LDL.


name: high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling

description: The acquisition, loss or modification of a protein or lipid within a high-density lipoprotein particle, including the hydrolysis of triglyceride by hepatic lipase, with the subsequent loss of free fatty acid, and the transfer of cholesterol esters from LDL to a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle by cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), with the simultaneous transfer of triglyceride to LDL.


name: conversion of discoidal high-density lipoprotein particle to spherical high-density lipoprotein particle

description: The process in which a discoidal high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle acquires additional lipid or protein molecules, and cholesterol in the particle is converted to tightly bound cholesterol esters by the action of phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase (lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase; LCAT), resulting in the formation of a spherical HDL particle.


plasma lipoprotein particle assembly

description: The non-covalent aggregation and arrangement of proteins and lipids to form a plasma lipoprotein particle.


chylomicron assembly

description: The non-covalent aggregation and arrangement of proteins and lipids in the intestine to form a chylomicron.


name: very-low-density lipoprotein particle assembly

description: The non-covalent aggregation and arrangement of proteins and lipids in the liver to form a very-low-density lipoprotein particle.


name: high-density lipoprotein particle assembly

description: The non-covalent aggregation and arrangement of proteins and lipids to form a high-density lipoprotein particle.


plasma lipoprotein particle clearance

description: The process in which a lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


chylomicron remnant clearance

description: The process in which a chylomicron remnant is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis into liver cells and its constituent parts degraded.


name: low-density lipoprotein particle clearance

description: The process in which a low-density lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


name: high-density lipoprotein particle clearance

description: The process in which a high-density lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


name: triglyceride-rich plasma lipoprotein particle

description: A plasma lipoprotein particle that has a hydrophobic core enriched in triglycerides surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins. Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particles transport lipids, which are non-covalently associated with the particles, in the blood.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobutanoate + 2-oxoglutarate = succinate semialdehyde + L-glutamate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobutanoate + pyruvate = succinate semialdehyde + alanine.


name: Pwp2p-containing subcomplex of 90S preribosome

description: A protein complex that forms a subcomplex of the 90S preribosome and can interact directly with the 5' External Transcribed Spacer (ETS) of the full length pre-rRNA transcript. In S. cerevisiae, it sediments at 25-30 S and is composed of Pwp2p, Dip2p, Utp21p, Utp13p, Utp18p, and Utp6p.


lipid droplet organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lipid particle.


smooth muscle cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a smooth muscle cell. Smooth muscle consists of non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cell found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels.


name: regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process.


name: negative regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process.


name: positive regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process.


protein localization to cell surface

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane.


telomere localization

description: Any process in which a telomere is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location.


telomere tethering at nuclear periphery

description: The process in which a telomere is maintained in a specific location at the nuclear periphery.


nuclear periphery

description: The portion of the nuclear lumen proximal to the inner nuclear membrane.


gerontoplast

description: A plastid found in senescing, formerly green tissues that is derived from a chloroplast that undergoes an organized developmental program of senescence.


name: alignment of 3' and 5' splice sites of mRNA

description: Recognition of both the 5' and 3'-splice sites and positioning them in the correct alignment with respect to each other so that the second catalytic step of nuclear mRNA splicing can occur.


name: nucleobase-containing small molecule biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleobase-containing small molecule: a nucleobase, a nucleoside, or a nucleotide.


response to fluid shear stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fluid shear stress stimulus. Fluid shear stress is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface.


cell wall beta-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


name: cell wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


name: ascospore wall beta-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores.


name: ascospore wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores.


name: cell wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


name: cell wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


name: ascospore wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores.


name: ascospore wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (2R)-2,3-bisphosphoglycerate + H2O = (2R)-2-phosphoglycerate + phosphate.


urate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of urate, the anion of uric acid, 2,6,8-trioxypurine.


co-translational protein acetylation

description: The addition of an acetyl group to one or more amino acids in a protein, occurring before the protein has been completely translated and released from the ribosome.


post-translational protein acetylation

description: The addition of an acetyl group to one or more amino acids in a protein, occurring after the protein has been completely translated and released from the ribosome.


aleurone grain lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the membrane of an aleurone grain.


autophagosome lumen

description: The volume enclosed within the autophagosome double-membrane.


Vps55/Vps68 complex

description: A membrane-associated protein complex that is required for a late stage of endosomal transport. In budding yeast, this complex consists of Vps55p and Vps68p proteins.


etioplast envelope

description: The double lipid bilayer enclosing the etioplast and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space.


etioplast membrane

description: Either of the lipid bilayers that surround a etioplast and form the etioplast envelope.


tectobulbar tract morphogenesis

description: Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in the optic tectum towards target cells in the premotor reticulospinal system in the hindbrain.


name: monolayer-surrounded lipid storage body outer lipid monolayer

description: The single layer of phopholipids surrounding a lipid storage body.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: P1-P6-bis(5'-adenosyl) hexaphosphate + H2O = AMP + adenosine 5'-pentaphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: P1-P6-bis(5'-adenosyl) pentaphosphate + H2O = AMP + adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate.


glycoprotein transport

description: The directed movement of a glycoprotein, a protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


lipoprotein amino acid oxidation

description: The modification of a lipoprotein by oxidation of one or more amino acids in the protein.


lipoprotein lipid oxidation

description: The modification of a lipoprotein by oxidation of the lipid group.


lipid oxidation

description: The removal of one or more electrons from a lipid, with or without the concomitant removal of a proton or protons, by reaction with an electron-accepting substance, by addition of oxygen or by removal of hydrogen.


plasma lipoprotein particle oxidation

description: The modification of a lipid or protein within a plasma lipoprotein particle by oxidation of the lipid or one or more amino acids.


regulation of lipoprotein oxidation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipoprotein oxidation.


name: negative regulation of lipoprotein oxidation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lipoprotein oxidation.


name: regulation of plasma lipoprotein oxidation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipoprotein oxidation, occurring in the blood plasma.


name: negative regulation of plasma lipoprotein oxidation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lipoprotein particle oxidation, occurring in the blood plasma.


name: substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading

description: The morphogenetic process that results in flattening of a cell as a consequence of its adhesion to a substrate.


name: very-low-density lipoprotein particle clearance

description: The process in which a very-low-density lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


ubiquitin-ubiquitin ligase activity

description: Isoenergetic transfer of ubiquitin from one protein to an existing ubiquitin chain via the reaction X-ubiquitin + Y-ubiquitin = Y-ubiquitin-ubiquitin + X, where both the X-ubiquitin and Y-ubiquitin-ubiquitin linkages are thioester bonds between the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin and a sulfhydryl side group of a cysteine residue.


centriolar satellite

description: A small (70-100 nm) cytoplasmic granule that contains a number of centrosomal proteins; centriolar satellites traffic toward microtubule minus ends and are enriched near the centrosome.


dynactin binding

description: Binding to a dynactin complex; a large protein complex that activates dynein-based motor activity.


microtubule anchoring

description: Any process in which a microtubule is maintained in a specific location in a cell.


microtubule anchoring at centrosome

description: Any process in which a microtubule is maintained in a specific location in a cell by attachment to a centrosome.


t-UTP complex

description: A protein complex that forms a subcomplex of the 90S preribosome and is required for the subsequent assembly of the rest of the preribosome. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Utp5p, Utp4p, Nan1p, Utp8p, Utp9p, Utp10 and Utp15p.


UTP-C complex

description: A protein complex that forms a subcomplex of the 90S preribosome. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rrp7p, Utp22p, Ckb1p, Cka1p, Ckb2p and Cka2p.


Mpp10 complex

description: A protein complex that forms a subcomplex of the 90S preribosome. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Mpp10p, Imp3p and Imp4p.


3'-5' RNA helicase activity

description: Unwinding of an RNA helix in the 3' to 5' direction, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


uropod assembly

description: The assembly of a uropod by rearrangement of the cytoskeleton and overlying membrane.


uropod retraction

description: The process in which a uropod detaches from the cell substrate and retracts the rear of a migrating cell.


small-subunit processome assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a small-subunit processome.


90S preribosome assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a 90S preribosome. The 90S preribosome represents the complex that forms on the primary rRNA transcript before it splits into the small subunit and large subunit portions.


BBSome

description: A ciliary protein complex involved in cilium biogenesis. It consists of at least seven Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins and BBIP10. It moves in association with IFT trains through cilia (likely as an IFT-A/B adaptor or cargo), and is required for the integrity of IFT-A and IFT-B.


response to carbon monoxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbon monoxide (CO) stimulus.


chromaffin granule lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the membrane of a chromaffin granule.


esterosome lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the membrane of an esterosome.


glycosome lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the membrane of a glycosome.


Golgi stack lumen

description: The volume enclosed by any of the membranes of the thin, flattened cisternae that form the central portion of the Golgi complex.


snRNA 3'-end processing

description: Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of an snRNA molecule.


U1 snRNA 3'-end processing

description: Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of a U1 snRNA molecule.


U2 snRNA 3'-end processing

description: Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of a U2 snRNA molecule.


U4 snRNA 3'-end processing

description: Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of a U4 snRNA molecule.


U5 snRNA 3'-end processing

description: Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of a U5 snRNA molecule.


U6 snRNA 3'-end processing

description: Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of a U6 snRNA molecule.


phosphatidylglycerol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylglycerols, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of glycerol.


name: phosphatidylglycerol phospholipase C activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylglycerol + H2O = 1,2-diacylglycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate.


name: phosphatidylcholine phospholipase C activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + H+ + phosphocholine.


chondroitin sulfotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + chondroitin = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + chondroitin sulfate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + chondroitin = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + chondroitin 2'-O-sulfate. Results in sulfation of glucuronic acid and iduronic acid residues.


name: heparan sulfate sulfotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate + heparan sulfate = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + sulfated heparan sulfate.


raffinose catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of raffinose, the trisaccharide beta-D-fructofuranosyl alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside.


description: 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate) + H2O = 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol-3,4-bisphosphate) + phosphate.


vacuolar transmembrane transport

description: The process in which a solute is transported from one side of the vacuolar membrane to the other.


name: vacuolar amino acid transmembrane transport

description: The process in which an amino acid is transported from one side of the vacuolar membrane to the other.


name: basic amino acid transmembrane export from vacuole

description: The directed movement of basic amino acids out of the vacuole, across the vacuolar membrane.


name: neutral amino acid transmembrane export from vacuole

description: The directed movement of neutral amino acids out of the vacuole, across the vacuolar membrane.


name: basic amino acid transmembrane import into vacuole

description: The directed movement of basic amino acids into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane.


name: neutral amino acid transmembrane import into vacuole

description: The directed movement of neutral amino acids into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane.


hydrogenosome lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the hydrogenosome membrane.


melanosome lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the melanosome membrane.


microneme lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the microneme membrane.


protein storage vacuole lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the protein storage vacuole membrane.


name: multivesicular body membrane disassembly

description: The controlled breakdown of the membranes of multivesicular bodies.


name: protein localization to phagophore assembly site

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the phagophore assembly site (PAS).


early endosome to Golgi transport

description: The directed movement of substances from early endosomes to the Golgi.


late endosome to Golgi transport

description: The directed movement of substances from late endosomes to the Golgi.


protein localization to kinetochore

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the kinetochore.


protein localization to chromosome

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a specific location on a chromosome.


name: protein localization to nucleolar rDNA repeats

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the rDNA repeats on a chromosome in the nucleolus.


protein localization to nucleus

description: A process in which a protein transports or maintains the localization of another protein to the nucleus.


tooth mineralization

description: The process in which calcium salts are deposited into calcareous tooth structures such as dental enamel, dentin and cementum.


chromosome, centromeric core domain

description: The innermost portion of the centromeric region of a chromosome, encompassing the core region of a chromosome centromere and the proteins that bind to it.


centromere complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and centromeric DNA molecules to form a centromeric protein-DNA complex. Includes the formation of the chromatin structures which form a platform for the kinetochore, and assembly of the kinetochore onto this specialized chromatin. In fission yeast and higher eukaryotes this process also includes the formation of heterochromatin at the outer repeat (pericentric) regions of the centromere.


centromere separation

description: The cell cycle process in which centromeres are physically detached from each other during chromosome separation.


U3 snoRNA binding

description: Binding to a U3 small nucleolar RNA.


box C/D sno(s)RNA binding

description: Binding to a box C/D small nucleolar RNA.


box H/ACA snoRNA binding

description: Binding to a box H/ACA small nucleolar RNA.


mitochondrial unfolded protein response

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of the presence of unfolded proteins in the mitochondrial matrix; results in transcriptional upregulation of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial stress proteins.


proteasome storage granule

description: An aggregation of proteasome core protease (CP) and regulatory particle (RP) complexes that localizes in the cytoplasm as dot-like structures when cells are in a quiescent state.


response to vitamin B6

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a vitamin B6 stimulus. Vitamin B6 encompasses pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine and the active form, pyridoxal phosphate.


ribophagy

description: The selective degradation of mature ribosomes by macroautophagy.


RNA cap binding complex

description: A protein complex that binds to an RNA cap structure to mediate RNA processing and/or translation initiation.


2-naphthaldehyde dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-naphthaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = 2-naphthoate + NADH + H+.


1-naphthoic acid dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-naphthoic acid + NADH + O2 + H+ = cis-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydro-8-carboxynaphthalene + NAD+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: cis-1,2-dihydroxy-1,2-dihydro-8-carboxynaphthalene = 1,2-dihydroxy-8-carboxynaphthalene + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


3-formylsalicylate oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-formylsalicylic acid + O2 + H2O = 2-hydroxyisophthalic acid + hydrogen peroxide.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxyisophthalic acid = salicylate + CO2.


1-naphthaldehyde dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-naphthaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = 1-naphthoic acid + NADH + H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-methylnaphthalene + NADH + O2 + H+ = 2-hydroxymethylnaphthalene + NAD+ + H2O.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxy-8-carboxynaphthalene + O2 = 2-carboxy-2-hydroxy-8-carboxychromene.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-carboxy-2-hydroxy-8-carboxychromene = 2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzalpyruvate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-3-carboxybenzalpyruvate + H2O = 3-formylsalicylic acid + pyruvate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxymethylsalicylaldehyde + NAD+ + H2O = 4-hydroxymethylsalicylate + NADH + 2 H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-4-hydroxymethylbenzalpyruvate + H2O = pyruvate + 4-hydroxymethylsalicylaldehyde.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-7-hydroxymethylchromene-2-carboxylate = 2-hydroxy-4-hydroxymethylbenzalpyruvate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxy-7-hydroxymethylnaphthalene + O2 = 2-hydroxy-7-hydroxymethylchromene-2-carboxylate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-methylnaphthalene + NADH + H+ + O2 = 1-hydroxymethylnaphthalene + NAD+ + H2O.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-dihydroxy-8-methylnaphthalene + O2 = 2-hydroxy-8-methylchromene-2-carboxylate + H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-8-methylchromene-2-carboxylate = 2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzalpyruvate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzalpyruvate + H2O = pyruvate + 3-methylsalicylaldehyde.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylsalicylaldehyde + NAD+ = 3-methylsalicylate + NADH + H+.


name: 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A reductive dehalogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 3,3',5-tribromobisphenol A + HBr.


name: 3-monobromobisphenol A reductive dehalogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-monobromobisphenol A + 2 H+ + 2 e- = bisphenol A + HBr.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylarsenous acid + R2S-CH3 = trimethylarsine oxide + R2SH.


trimethylarsine oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: trimethylarsine oxide + 2 H+ + 2 e- = trimethylarsine + H2O.


5-aminosalicylate dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-aminosalicylate + O2 = cis-4-amino-6-carboxy-2-oxo-hexa-3,5-dienoate.


trans-ACOHDA hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: trans-4-amino-6-carboxy-2-oxo-hexa-3,5-dienoate + H2O = fumarylpyruvate + NH3.


fumarylpyruvate hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: fumarylpyruvate + H2O = fumarate + pyruvate + H+.


name: 2,4-dichloroaniline reductive dehalogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dichloroaniline + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 4-chloroaniline + HCl.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: cyromazine + H2O = N-cyclopropylammeline + NH3.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-cyclopropylammeline + H2O = N-cyclopropylammelide + NH3.


name: N-cyclopropylammelide alkylamino hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-cyclopropylammelide + H2O = cyclopropylamine + cyanuric acid.


dimethylarsinate reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylarsinate + 3 H+ + 2 e- = dimethylarsinous acid + H2O.


name: mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the cytochrome bc(1) complex (also known as ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase), in the mitochondrial inner membrane.


respiratory chain complex II assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex II.


name: mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex II, in the mitochondrial inner membrane.


name: 3,3',5-tribromobisphenol A reductive dehalogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3,3',5-tribromobisphenol A + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 3,3'-dibromobisphenol A + HBr.


name: 3,3'-dibromobisphenol A reductive dehalogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3,3'-dibromobisphenol A + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 3-monobromobisphenol A + HBr.


nitrobenzoate nitroreductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: o-nitrobenzoate + NADPH + H+ = o-hydroxylaminobenzoate + NADP+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxylaminobenzoate + NAD(P)H = anthranilate + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


technetium (VII) reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: pertechnetate ion + 3/2 H2 = technetium (IV) oxide + H2O + OH-.


bisphenol A hydroxylase B activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: bisphenol A + NADH + H+ + O2 = 1,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propanol + NAD+ + H2O.


bisphenol A hydroxylase A activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: bisphenol A + NADH + H+ + O2 = 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol + NAD+ + H2O.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propanol = 4,4'-dihydroxy-alpha-methylstilbene + H2O.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol + NADH + H+ + O2 = 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2-propanediol + NAD+ + H2O.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2-propanediol + O2 = 4-hydroxyphenacyl alcohol + 4-hydroxybenzoate + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4,4'-dihydroxy-alpha-methylstilbene + O2 = 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde + 4-hydroxyacetophenone + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-nitro-1,2-dihydro-1,3,5-triazine + 2 H2O = 1-nitro-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4-diol.


chromate reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: chromate = chromium (III).


description: Catalysis of the reaction: isoproturon + H2O = formaldehyde + monodemethylisoproturon + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: monodemethylisoproturon + H2O = hydroxymonodemethylisoproturon + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxymonodemethylisoproturon + H2O = formaldehyde + 4'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)phenylurea + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)phenylurea + H2O = 4'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)phenylaniline + carbamic acid.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: monodemethylisoproturon + H2O = didemethylisoproturon + formaldehyde + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: didemethylisoproturon + H2O = carbamic acid + 4-isopropylaniline.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: didemethylisoproturon + H2O = 4'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)phenylurea + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-isopropylaniline + H2O = 4'-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)phenylaniline + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-isopropylacetanilide + OH- = N-isopropylaniline + acetate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-isopropylacetanilide + 1/2 O2 = acetanilide + acetone.


limonene 8-hydratase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: limonene + H2O = alpha-terpineol.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: fumarate + n-hexane = (1-methylpentyl)succinate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methyloctanoyl-CoA = 4-methyloct-2-enoyl-CoA + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methyloct-2-enoyl-CoA + H2O = 3-hydroxy-4-methyloctanoyl-CoA.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-4-methyloctanoyl-CoA = 4-methyl-3-oxooctanoyl-CoA + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


21U-RNA binding

description: Binding to a 21U-RNA, a 21-nucleotide RNA characterized by a uridine 5'-monophosphate and a modified 3' end resistant to periodate degradation. 21U-RNAs are derived from distinct, autonomously expressed loci within the genome.


piRNA binding

description: Binding to a piRNA, a Piwi-associated RNA, a 24- to 30-nucleotide RNA derived from repeat or complex DNA sequence elements and processed by a Dicer-independent mechanism.


21U-RNA metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 21U-RNAs, a class of single-stranded RNA molecules of about 21 nucleotides in length characterized by a uridine 5'-monophosphate and a modified 3' end resistant to periodate degradation. 21U-RNAs are derived from distinct, autonomously expressed loci within the genome.


21U-RNA catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 21U-RNAs, a class of single-stranded RNA molecules of about 21 nucleotides in length characterized by a uridine 5'-monophosphate and a modified 3' end resistant to periodate degradation. 21U-RNAs are derived from distinct, autonomously expressed loci within the genome.


piRNA processing

description: A process leading to the generation of a functional piRNA. piRNAs (Piwi-associated RNAs) are a class of 24- to 30-nucleotide RNAs derived from repeat or complex DNA sequence elements and processed by a Dicer-independent mechanism.


hydroxyproline transport

description: The directed movement of hydroxyproline into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: L-hydroxyproline transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of L-hydroxyproline from one side of a membrane to the other.


rhoptry lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the rhoptry membrane.


synaptic vesicle lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the synaptic vesicle membrane.


name: phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol bisphosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol phosphate + phosphate.


name: phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate + H2O = phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate + phosphate.


name: phosphatidylinositol phosphate 5-phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of the 5-phosphate group of a phosphatidylinositol phosphate.


name: phosphatidylinositol phosphate 4-phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of the 4-phosphate group of a phosphatidylinositol phosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5-bisphosphate + H2O = 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate + phosphate.


phosphothreonine lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of the phosphate group from phosphothreonine by cleavage of the C-OP bond with the concomitant abstraction of the alpha proton, generating a double bond-containing product.


cellular response to oxidative stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals.


name: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + CoA + NAD(P)+ = succinyl-CoA + CO2 + NAD(P)H.


name: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + CoA + NAD+ = succinyl-CoA + CO2 + NADH.


name: pyruvate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + CoA + NAD(P)+ = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + NAD(P)H.


pyruvate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + CoA + NAD+ = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + NADH.


cellular response to heat

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.


response to hermaphrodite contact

description: The response by the male to a hermaphrodite after initial contact following mate finding. The male stops forward locomotion, presses the ventral side of his tail against his partner's body, and begins moving backward along the hermaphrodite. Male response behavior is initiated when sensory neurons located in the rays of his tail contact a potential mate.


turning behavior involved in mating

description: The sharp ventral turn performed by the male as he approaches either the hermaphrodite head or tail, whilst trying to locate his partner's vulva. Turning occurs via a sharp ventral coil of the male's tail.


vulval location

description: Location, by the male, of his partner's vulva when backing along the ventral side of the hermaphrodite during mating. The male stops at the vulva, coordinates his movements to the hermaphrodite's, and positions his tail precisely over the vulva so that he may insert his spicules and ejaculate.


spicule insertion

description: Insertion of the male copulatory spicules into the hermaphrodite. Spicule insertion behavior initiates when the male cloaca contacts the vulva. During most mating encounters, the spicule tips will prod the vulva continuously until they partially penetrate, which then causes the protractors to contract completely so that the spicules extend through the vulva.


oligodeoxyribonucleotidase activity

description: Catalysis of the exonucleolytic cleavage of oligodeoxyribonucleotides to yield deoxyribonucleoside 5'-phosphates.


oligoribonucleotidase activity

description: Catalysis of the exonucleolytic cleavage of oligoribonucleotides to yield ribonucleoside 5'-phosphates.


response to tumor necrosis factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tumor necrosis factor stimulus.


name: cellular response to reactive oxygen species

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals.


GCH1 complex

description: A protein complex that possesses GTP cyclohydrolase I activity. In E. coli and human, the complex is a homodecamer, and monomers are catalytically inactive.


response to laminar fluid shear stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a laminar fluid shear stress stimulus. Laminar fluid flow is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface in parallel layers. As an example, laminar shear stress can be seen where blood flows against the luminal side of blood vessel walls.


tetrahydrobiopterin binding

description: Binding to a tetrahydrobiopterin, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin or a derivative thereof; tetrahydrobiopterins are enzyme cofactors that carry electrons in redox reactions.


arginine binding

description: Binding to 2-amino-5-(carbamimidamido)pentanoic acid.


cellular response to unfolded protein

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an unfolded protein stimulus.


name: fatty acid elongation, monounsaturated fatty acid

description: Elongation of a fatty acid chain into which one C-C double bond has been introduced.


name: fatty acid elongation, polyunsaturated fatty acid

description: Elongation of a fatty acid chain into which two or more C-C double bonds have been introduced.


'de novo' NAD biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), beginning with the synthesis of tryptophan or aspartate from simpler precursors; biosynthesis may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.


name: 'de novo' NAD biosynthetic process from aspartate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), beginning with the synthesis of aspartate from simpler precursors; biosynthesis may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.


RITS complex localization

description: Any process in which a RITS complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location.


name: microtubule anchoring at spindle pole body

description: Any process in which a microtubule is maintained in a specific location in a cell by attachment to a spindle pole body. Microtubules attach to spindle pole bodies at the minus end.


name: retinol transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of retinol from one side of a membrane to the other. Retinol is vitamin A1, 2,6,6-trimethyl-1-(9'-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethylnona-1',3',5',7'-tetraenyl)cyclohex-1-ene, one of the three components that makes up vitamin A.


retinol transport

description: The directed movement of retinol into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Retinol is vitamin A1, 2,6,6-trimethyl-1-(9'-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethylnona-1',3',5',7'-tetraenyl)cyclohex-1-ene, one of the three components that makes up vitamin A.


name: glutathione transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, from one side of a membrane to the other.


glutathione transport

description: The directed movement of glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


phosphatidylcholine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline.


name: L-amino acid efflux transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of an L-amino acid from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.


name: establishment of mitochondrion localization by microtubule attachment

description: The directed movement of a mitochondrion by attachment to a microtubule, followed by elongation of the microtubule by tubulin polymerization.


name: mitochondrion migration along actin filament

description: The directed movement of a mitochondrion along a microfilament, mediated by motor proteins.


name: establishment of mitochondrion localization, microtubule-mediated

description: The directed movement of the mitochondrion to a specific location, by a process involving microtubules.


cellular response to UV

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ultraviolet radiation (UV light) stimulus. Ultraviolet radiation is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 380 nanometers.


organelle-enclosing lipid monolayer

description: A lipid monolayer that surrounds and encloses an organelle.


name: histone H3K4me/H3K4me2/H3K4me3 demethylase activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of a methyl group from a tri, a di or a monomethyl-lysine residue at position 4 of the histone H3 protein. This is a dioxygenase reaction that is dependent on Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate.


cortisol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cortisol, the steroid hormone 11-beta-17,21-trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. Cortisol is synthesized from cholesterol in the adrenal gland and controls carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism and has anti-inflammatory properties.


cortisol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cortisol, the steroid hormone 11-beta-17,21-trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. Cortisol is synthesized from cholesterol in the adrenal gland and controls carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism and has anti-inflammatory properties.


retinoic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of retinoic acid, one of the three components that makes up vitamin A.


name: nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.


name: nucleobase-containing compound catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.


name: nucleobase-containing small molecule catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleobase-containing small molecule: a nucleobase, a nucleoside, or a nucleotide.


GID complex

description: A protein complex with ubiquitin ligase activity that, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is involved in proteasomal degradation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase during the transition from gluconeogenic to glycolytic growth conditions. It appears to play a broader role in cellular homeostasis and development in other species.


name: isopropylmalate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of isopropylmalate from one side of a membrane to the other.


isopropylmalate transport

description: The directed movement of isopropylmalate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


CFTR-NHERF-ezrin complex

description: A protein complex that contains ezrin, Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor (NHERF, also called EBP50), and two copies of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). The CFTR molecules interact with NHERF via their cytoplasmic tail domains; the complex is thought to link the CFTR channel to the actin cytoskeleton and contribute to the regulation of channel activity.


endoplasmic reticulum chaperone complex

description: A protein complex that is located in the endoplasmic reticulum and is composed of chaperone proteins, including BiP, GRP94; CaBP1, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), ERdj3, cyclophilin B, ERp72, GRP170, UDP-glucosyltransferase, and SDF2-L1.


name: Ig heavy chain-bound endoplasmic reticulum chaperone complex

description: A protein complex that is located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is formed by the association of an immunoglobulin heavy chain with the proteins of the ER chaperone complex; the latter include BiP, GRP94; CaBP1, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), ERdj3, cyclophilin B, ERp72, GRP170, UDP-glucosyltransferase, and SDF2-L1.


integrin alpha1-beta1 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha1 subunit and one beta1 subunit.


integrin alpha2-beta1 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha2 subunit and one beta1 subunit.


integrin alpha3-beta1 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha3 subunit and one beta1 subunit.


integrin alpha4-beta1 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha4 subunit and one beta1 subunit.


integrin alpha4-beta7 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha4 subunit and one beta7 subunit.


chemotaxis to arachidonic acid

description: The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to the presence of arachidonic acid.


name: anterior/posterior pattern specification involved in pronephros development

description: The developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the pronephros along the anterior/posterior axis to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate.


inhibin-betaglycan-ActRII complex

description: A protein complex that consists of inhibin, type III transforming growth factor beta receptor (also known as betaglycan), and the type II activin receptor ActRII. The complex is thought to negatively regulate the activity of activin B.


integrin alpha5-beta1 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha5 subunit and one beta1 subunit.


integrin alpha6-beta1 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha6 subunit and one beta1 subunit.


integrin alpha6-beta4 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha6 subunit and one beta4 subunit.


integrin alpha7-beta1 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha7 subunit and one beta1 subunit.


integrin alpha8-beta1 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha8 subunit and one beta1 subunit.


integrin alpha9-beta1 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha9 subunit and one beta1 subunit.


integrin alpha10-beta1 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha10 subunit and one beta1 subunit.


integrin alpha11-beta1 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alpha11 subunit and one beta1 subunit.


integrin alphav-beta1 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alphav subunit and one beta1 subunit.


integrin alphav-beta3 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alphav subunit and one beta3 subunit.


integrin alphav-beta5 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alphav subunit and one beta5 subunit.


integrin alphav-beta6 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alphav subunit and one beta6 subunit.


integrin alphav-beta8 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alphav subunit and one beta8 subunit.


integrin alphaL-beta2 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alphaL subunit and one beta2 subunit.


integrin alphaM-beta2 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alphaM subunit and one beta2 subunit.


integrin alphaX-beta2 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alphaX subunit and one beta2 subunit.


integrin alphaD-beta2 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alphaD subunit and one beta2 subunit.


integrin alphaE-beta7 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alphaE subunit and one beta7 subunit.


E.F.G complex

description: A protein complex that comprises three core spliceosomal proteins, designated E, F, and G. Formation of the E.F.G complex is essential but not sufficient for the formation of a stable U1 snRNP complex.


U11/U12 snRNP

description: A ribonucleoprotein complex that is formed by the association of the U11 and U12 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins.


response to prostaglandin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin stimulus.


response to prostaglandin E

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin E stimulus.


response to prostaglandin F

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin F stimulus.


response to prostaglandin I

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin I stimulus.


response to gonadotropin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gonadotropin stimulus.


response to luteinizing hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a luteinizing hormone stimulus.


name: allulose 6-phosphate 3-epimerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-allulose 6-phosphate = D-fructose 6-phosphate.


tripeptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a tripeptide.


monoatomic ion channel complex

description: A protein complex that spans a membrane and forms a water-filled channel across the phospholipid bilayer allowing selective monoatomic ion transport down its electrochemical gradient.


cation channel complex

description: An ion channel complex through which cations pass.


calcium channel complex

description: An ion channel complex through which calcium ions pass.


potassium channel complex

description: An ion channel complex through which potassium ions pass.


sodium channel complex

description: An ion channel complex through which sodium ions pass.


chloride channel complex

description: An ion channel complex through which chloride ions pass.


methyltransferase complex

description: A protein complex that possesses methyltransferase activity.


methylosome

description: A large (20 S) protein complex that possesses protein arginine methyltransferase activity and modifies specific arginines to dimethylarginines in the arginine- and glycine-rich domains of several spliceosomal Sm proteins, thereby targeting these proteins to the survival of motor neurons (SMN) complex for assembly into small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) core particles. Proteins found in the methylosome include the methyltransferase JBP1 (PRMT5), pICln (CLNS1A), MEP50 (WDR77), and unmethylated forms of SM proteins that have RG domains.


inhibin complex binding

description: Binding to an inhibin complex, a dimer of one inhibin-alpha subunit and one inhibin-beta subunit.


inhibin binding

description: Binding to an inhibin monomer, any of the polypeptides that combine to form activin and inhibin dimers.


name: type I transforming growth factor beta receptor binding

description: Binding to a type I transforming growth factor beta receptor.


name: type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding

description: Binding to a type III transforming growth factor beta receptor.


pICln-Sm protein complex

description: A protein complex that contains pICln (CLNS1A) and several Sm proteins, including SmD1, SmD2, SmE, SmF, and SmG.


Gemin3-Gemin4-Gemin5 complex

description: A protein complex that contains Gemin3 (DDX20), Gemin4, and Gemin5, and can bind to snRNAs; may be an intermediate in SMN complex assembly.


Gemin6-Gemin7-unrip complex

description: A protein complex that contains Gemin6, Gemin7, and unrip (STRAP), and can bind to snRNAs; may play a role in snRNP assembly.


SMN-Gemin2 complex

description: A protein complex that contains the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein and Gemin2; may form the stable core of the larger SMN complex.


SMN-Sm protein complex

description: A protein complex formed by the association of several methylated Sm proteins with the SMN complex; the latter contains the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein and at least eight additional integral components, including the Gemin2-8 and unrip proteins; additional proteins, including galectin-1 and galectin-3, are also found in the SMN-SM complex. The SMN-Sm complex is involved in spliceosomal snRNP assembly in the cytoplasm.


gamma-glutamyl-peptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the cleavage of a gamma-linked glutamate bond.


piecemeal microautophagy of the nucleus

description: Degradation of a cell nucleus by microautophagy.


nucleosome organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of one or more nucleosomes.


SmD-containing SMN-Sm protein complex

description: An SMN-Sm protein complex formed by the association of the methylated Sm proteins B/B', D1, D2, D3, E, F, and G with the SMN complex.


Lsm-containing SMN-Sm protein complex

description: An SMN-Sm protein complex formed by the association of the methylated Sm proteins B/B', D3, E, F, and G, and Lsm10 and Lsm11, with the SMN complex. This complex forms Sm cores on U7 snRNA.


name: transcription factor TFIIIB-alpha complex

description: A transcription factor TFIIIB-beta complex that contains the TATA-binding protein (TBP), B'' and a specialized homolog of the conserved subunit BRF referred to as BRFU or TFIIIB50, which found in human but not conserved in yeast; the complex is involved in the regulation of transcription from type 3 (upstream) RNA polymerase III promoters.


description: A transcription factor TFIIIB-beta complex that contains the TATA-binding protein (TBP), B'' and BRF, and is involved in the regulation of transcription from type 2 RNA polymerase III promoters.


transcription factor TFIIIC1 complex

description: A transcription factor complex that forms part of the TFIIIC complex, observed in human. The complex is poorly characterized, but contains the 250-kDa form of HsBdp1, and is thought to include nuclear factor 1 (NF1). It stimulates binding by human TFIIIC2 and is required for transcription activity.


transcription factor TFIIIC2 complex

description: A transcription factor complex that forms part of the TFIIIC complex, observed in human; composed of five subunits (GTF3C1/hTFIIIC220/TFIIICalpha, GTF3C2/hTFIIIC110/TFIIICbeta, GTF3C3/hTFIIIC102/TFIIICgamma, GTF3C4/hTFIIIC90/TFIIICdelta and GTF3C5/hTFIIIC63/TFIIICepsilon in human) that together recognize the type 2 RNA polymerase III promoter.


cholesterol O-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + cholesterol = a cholesterol ester + CoA.


ergosterol O-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + ergosterol = CoA + ergosterol ester.


lanosterol O-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + lanosterol = CoA + lanosterol ester.


histone H4K16 deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H4 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 16) + H2O = histone H4 L-lysine (position 16) + acetate. This reaction represents the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 16 of the histone H4 protein.


TFIIIC-TOP1-SUB1 complex

description: A protein complex that contains TFIIIC, topoisomerase 1, and Sub1/PC4. Characterized in human, the complex is involved in regulating transcription from RNA polymerase III (Pol III) promoters. Topoisomerase 1 and Sub1 enhance the accuracy of transcription termination, and promote reinitiation by Pol III.


APC-tubulin-IQGAP1 complex

description: A protein complex that contains the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), alpha-tubulin, gamma-tubulin, and the Rac1 and Cdc42 effector IQGAP1; may play a role in cytoskeleton organization.


APC-IQGAP complex

description: A protein complex that contains the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and the Rac1 and Cdc42 effector IQGAP1; may play a role in cytoskeleton organization and cell migration.


APC-IQGAP1-Cdc42 complex

description: A protein complex that contains the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), the small GTPase Cdc42, and the Rac1 and Cdc42 effector IQGAP1; may play a role in cytoskeleton organization and cell migration.


APC-IQGAP1-Rac1 complex

description: A protein complex that contains the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), the small GTPase Rac1, and the Rac1 and Cdc42 effector IQGAP1; may play a role in cytoskeleton organization and cell migration.


APC-IQGAP1-CLIP-170 complex

description: A protein complex that contains the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), the small GTPase Cdc42, and CLIP-170; may play a role in cytoskeleton organization and cell migration.


Par3-APC-KIF3A complex

description: A protein complex that contains Par3, the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and the kinesin-related protein KIF3A; involved in establishing neuronal cell polarity.


Scrib-APC complex

description: A protein complex that contains the Scribble protein (a cell polarity determinant) and the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC); may be involved in the control of cell proliferation.


Scrib-APC-beta-catenin complex

description: A protein complex that contains the Scribble protein (a cell polarity determinant), the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and beta-catenin; may be involved in the control of cell proliferation.


aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex

description: A protein complex that acts as an aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor. Cytosolic and nuclear Ah receptor complexes have different subunit composition, but both contain the ligand-binding subunit AhR.


name: cytosolic aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex

description: An aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex found in the cytosol, in which the ligand-binding subunit AhR is not bound to ligand; consists of AhR, two molecules of HSP90, the protein kinase c-Src, and the immunophilin XAP2/AIP.


name: nuclear aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex

description: An aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) complex found in the nucleus; ; consists of ligand-bound AhR and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT).


iron ion transmembrane transport

description: A process in which an iron ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


regulation of iron ion transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions (Fe) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: negative regulation of iron ion transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: positive regulation of iron ion transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions (Fe) from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: negative regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: positive regulation of iron ion transmembrane transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of iron ions from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


regulation of transmembrane transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: negative regulation of transmembrane transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: positive regulation of transmembrane transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: negative regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


name: positive regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


(E)-beta-ocimene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate = (E)-beta-ocimene + diphosphate.


basement membrane disassembly

description: The controlled breakdown of the basement membrane in the context of a normal process such as imaginal disc eversion.


secretory granule lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the membrane of a secretory granule.


glutathione transmembrane transport

description: A process in which glutathione is transported across a membrane.


response to histamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a histamine stimulus. Histamine, the biogenic amine 2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethanamine, is involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter.


recycling endosome lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the membranes of a recycling endosome.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-4-isopropenylcyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA = 4-isopropenyl-2-ketocyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-isopropenyl-2-ketocyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA + H2O = 3-isopropenylpimelyl-CoA.


glyphosate dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: glyphosate + OH- = glyoxylate + aminomethylphosphonic acid + H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-cyclohexylformamide + OH- = cyclohexylamine + formate.


dimethylmalonate decarboxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylmalonate + H+ = isobutyrate + CO2.


pivalate-CoA ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: pivalate + H+ + HSCoA + ATP = pivalyl-CoA + PPi + AMP.


pivalyl-CoA mutase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: pivalyl-CoA = 3-methylbutyryl-CoA.


salicylate 5-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: salicylate + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+ = gentisate + H2O + NAD(P)+.


9-fluorenone-3,4-dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 9-fluorenone + O2 + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 1-hydro-1,1a-dihydroxy-9-fluorenone.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-hydro-1,1a-dihydroxy-9-fluorenone + H2O = 2,3-dihydroxy-2'-carboxybiphenyl + 3 H+ + 2 e-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-dihydroxy-2'-carboxybiphenyl + O2 = 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-(2-carboxyphenyl)-hexa-2,4-dienoate + H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-(2-carboxyphenyl)-hexa-2,4-dienoate + H2O = cis-2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate + phthalate + H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-(3S,4R)-cis-3,4-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydrofluorene = 3,4-dihydroxyfluorene + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


isobutylamine N-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: isobutylamine + NADPH + O2 = isobutylhydroxylamine + NADP+ + H2O.


hypophosphite dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: hypophosphite + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = succinate + phosphite + CO2.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: cyclopropanecarboxylate + CoASH = cyclopropanecarboxyl-CoA + OH-.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: cyclopropanecarboxyl-CoA = crotonoyl-CoA.


cyclohexane monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: cyclohexane + O2 + NAD(P)H + H+ = cyclohexanol + NAD(P)+ + H2O.


adipate-CoA ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: adipate + CoASH = adipyl-CoA + OH-.


name: fosfomycin 2-glutathione ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen (2R,3S)-3-methyloxiran-2-ylphosphonic acid + glutathione = hydrogen (1R,2R)-1-glutathio-2-hydroxypropylphosphonic acid.


fosfomycin 2-L-cysteine ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen (2R,3S)-3-methyloxiran-2-ylphosphonic acid + L-cysteine = hydrogen (1R,2R)-1-L-cysteine-2-hydroxypropylphosphonic acid.


dihydride TNP tautomerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: TNP dihydride Meisenheimer complex (aci form) = TNP dihydride Meisenheimer complex (nitro form).


name: trinitrophenol dihydride denitratase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: trinitrophenol dihydride Meisenheimer complex (aci form) = 2,4-dinitrophenol hydride Meisenheimer complex + NO2. Trinitrophenol is also known as TNP and dinitrophenol is also known as DNP.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4-dinitrocyclohexanone + OH- = 4,6-dinitrohexanoate.