name: negative regulation of mononuclear cell migration

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of mononuclear cell migration. Mononuclear cell migration is the movement of a mononuclear cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


name: positive regulation of mononuclear cell migration

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of mononuclear cell migration. Mononuclear cell migration is the movement of a mononuclear cell within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


olfactory bulb axon guidance

description: The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a neuron in the olfactory bulb is directed to its target in the brain in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


commissural neuron axon guidance

description: The process in which the migration of an axon growth cone of a commissural neuron is directed to its target in the brain in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues.


response to indole-3-methanol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an indole-3-methanol stimulus.


cellular response to indole-3-methanol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an indole-3-methanol stimulus.


endocytic vesicle lumen

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The volume enclosed by the membrane of an endocytic vesicle.


sensory dendrite

description: A dendrite that is found on a sensory neuron, and directly transduces a sensory signal from the sensory neuron to another neuron.


name: organism emergence from protective structure

description: The developmental process in which an organism emerges from a surrounding protective structure such as an egg or pupa case.


name: NADH dehydrogenase complex (plastoquinone)

description: An NADH dehydrogenase complex that catalyzes the transfer of electrons to plastoquinone. The complex is involved in the non-photochemical reduction of plastoquinones and the cyclic electron transport around photosystem I, and is found in plastid thylakoids.


name: striated muscle myosin thick filament assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the myosin-based thick filaments of myofibrils in striated muscle.


muscle thin filament assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the actin-based thin filaments of myofibrils in striated muscle.


name: cardiac muscle myosin thick filament assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the myosin-based thick filaments of myofibrils in cardiac muscle.


cardiac muscle thin filament assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the actin-based thin filaments of myofibrils in cardiac muscle.


name: protein localization to extracellular region

description: Any process in which a protein is transported from one specific location in the extracellular region to another, or maintained in a specific extracellular location.


name: protein transport within extracellular region

description: The directed movement of proteins in the extracellular region, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: maintenance of protein location in extracellular region

description: Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location within the extracellular region and is prevented from moving elsewhere.


anatomical structure maturation

description: A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an anatomical structure to attain its fully functional state.


ectodermal placode development

description: The progression of an ectodermal placode over time from its initial formation until its mature state. An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm.


ectodermal placode morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of an ectodermal placode are generated and organized. An ectodermal placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that is the primordium of many structures derived from the ectoderm.


olfactory placode development

description: The progression of the olfactory placode over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The olfactory placode is a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity.


olfactory placode morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the olfactory placode are generated and organized. The olfactory placode is a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity.


olfactory placode maturation

description: A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the olfactory placode to attain its fully functional state. The olfactory placode is a thickening of the neural ectoderm in the head region of the vertebrate embryo which develops into the olfactory region of the nasal cavity.


nitrogen compound transport

description: The directed movement of nitrogen-containing compounds into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: tumor necrosis factor superfamily cytokine production

description: The appearance of any member of the TNF superfamily due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: immunoglobulin heavy chain V-D-J recombination

description: The process in which immunoglobulin heavy chain V, D, and J gene segments are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS).


name: immunoglobulin light chain V-J recombination

description: The process in which immunoglobulin light chain V and J gene segments are recombined within a single locus utilizing the conserved heptamer and nonomer recombination signal sequences (RSS).


membrane assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a membrane.


name: membrane macromolecule biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule destined to form part of a membrane in a cell.


basement membrane organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the basement membrane.


category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Catalysis of the reaction: para-aminobenzoyl-glutamate + H2O = para-aminobenzoate + L-glutamate.


name: icosanoid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of icosanoids from one side of a membrane to the other.


icosanoid transport

description: The directed movement of icosanoids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Icosanoids are unsaturated C20 fatty acids and skeletally related compounds.


leukotriene transport

description: The directed movement of leukotrienes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Leukotrienes are linear C20 endogenous metabolites of arachidonic acid (icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid) containing a terminal carboxy function and four or more double bonds (three or more of which are conjugated) as well as other functional groups.


thromboxane transport

description: The directed movement of thromboxanes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A thromboxane is any of a class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels.


sodium-independent icosanoid transport

description: The directed, sodium-independent, movement of icosanoids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Icosanoids are unsaturated C20 fatty acids and skeletally related compounds.


description: The directed, sodium-independent, movement of leukotrienes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Leukotrienes are linear C20 endogenous metabolites of arachidonic acid (icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid) containing a terminal carboxy function and four or more double bonds (three or more of which are conjugated) as well as other functional groups.


description: The directed, sodium-independent, movement of prostaglandins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


description: The directed, sodium-independent, movement of thromboxanes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A thromboxane is any of a class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels.


name: detoxification of arsenic-containing substance

description: Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of compounds containing arsenic, including arsenates, arsenites, and arsenides. These include transport of such compounds away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of arsenic or arsenic-containing compounds.


lipopeptide binding

description: Binding to a lipopeptide, any of a group of organic compounds comprising two or more amino acids linked by peptide bonds and containing a nonprotein group consisting of a lipid or lipids.


name: response to diacyl bacterial lipopeptide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diacylated bacterial lipopeptide stimulus.


name: response to triacyl bacterial lipopeptide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a triacylated bacterial lipopeptide stimulus.


name: cellular response to diacyl bacterial lipopeptide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a diacylated bacterial lipopeptide stimulus.


name: cellular response to triacyl bacterial lipopeptide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a triacylated bacterial lipopeptide stimulus.


beak development

description: The progression of the beak over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The avian beak is an external anatomical structure, in the head region, that is adapted for feeding self and young, catching prey, probing, etc. It encompasses, but is not restricted to, the maxilla, mandible, maxillary rhamphotheca, mandibular rhamphotheca, nostril, nasal fossa, nasal bones, egg tooth and rictus.


beak morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the beak are generated and organized. The avian beak is an external anatomical structure, in the head region, that is adapted for feeding self and young, catching prey, probing, etc. It encompasses, but is not restricted to, the maxilla, mandible, maxillary rhamphotheca, mandibular rhamphotheca, nostril, nasal fossa, nasal bones, egg tooth and rictus.


beak formation

description: The process that gives rise to the beak. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The avian beak is an external anatomical structure, in the head region, that is adapted for feeding self and young, catching prey, probing, etc. It encompasses, but is not restricted to, the maxilla, mandible, maxillary rhamphotheca, mandibular rhamphotheca, nostril, nasal fossa, nasal bones, egg tooth and rictus.


response to nitric oxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitric oxide stimulus.


cellular response to nitric oxide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitric oxide stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + biotin + apo-(pyruvate-carboxylase) = AMP + diphosphate + biotin-(pyruvate-carboxylase).


IgG immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgG isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. An IgG immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgG immunoglobulin complex, circulating

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgG isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgG B cell receptor complex

description: An IgG immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgG isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins.


IgD immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgD isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. An IgD immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgD immunoglobulin complex, circulating

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgD isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgD B cell receptor complex

description: An IgD immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgD isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins.


name: IgD immunoglobulin complex, GPI-anchored

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgD isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and bound via a GPI-anchor to the plasma membrane of B cells.


IgE immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgE isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. An IgE immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgE immunoglobulin complex, circulating

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgE isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgE B cell receptor complex

description: An IgE immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgE isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins.


IgA immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and sometimes complexed with J chain or J chain and secretory component. An IgA immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgA immunoglobulin complex, circulating

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, sometimes complexed with J chain or J chain and secretory component, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgA B cell receptor complex

description: An IgA immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins.


monomeric IgA immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


polymeric IgA immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two, three, or four monomeric IgA immunoglobulin complexes linked through both direct disulfide bonds and through disulfide binded monomers of J chain acting as a bridge. Each IgA monomer consists of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. Dimeric IgA is sometimes complexed additionally with secretory component, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


dimeric IgA immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two monomeric IgA immunoglobulin complexes linked through both direct disulfide bonds and through a disulfide binded monomer of J chain acting as a bridge. Each IgA monomer consists of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. Dimeric IgA is sometimes complexed additionally with secretory component, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


secretory IgA immunoglobulin complex

description: A polymeric IgA immunoglobulin complex that is complexed with one chain of secretory component (SC). Polymeric IgA is present in mucosal areas, having been transported via a transcytosis mechanism in mucosal epithelial cells relying on the polymeric Ig receptor, a portion of which then remains bound to the polymeric IgA as secretory component.


name: secretory dimeric IgA immunoglobulin complex

description: A dimeric form of secretory IgA immunoglobulin complex.


IgM immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgM isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds, and in its circulating form complexed with J chain in polymeric forms. An IgM immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgM immunoglobulin complex, circulating

description: A polymer of five or six IgM core units each composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgM isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds; the individual IgM core units are held together via disulfide bonds with a single J chain polypeptide acting as a bridge between two of the polymeric units. Circulating IgM is present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or in the blood or lymph.


IgM B cell receptor complex

description: An IgM immunoglobulin complex that is present in the plasma membrane of B cells and is composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgM isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains and a signaling subunit, a heterodimer of the Ig-alpha and Ig-beta proteins.


pentameric IgM immunoglobulin complex

description: A circulating form of IgM consisting of a pentamer of IgM core units with a single J chain polypeptide.


hexameric IgM immunoglobulin complex

description: A circulating form of IgM consisting of a hexamer of IgM core units with a single J chain polypeptide.


IgW immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgW isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. An IgW immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgX immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgX isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. An IgX immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgY immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgY isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. An IgY immunoglobulin complex may be embedded in the plasma membrane or present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph.


IgZ immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgZ isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. The IgZ isotype is also known as the IgT isotype in certain species of fish.


heavy chain immunoglobulin complex

description: A protein complex composed of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of the IgNAR isotype held together by disulfide bonds and lacking immunoglobulin light chains.


nuclear membrane organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear inner or outer membrane.


nuclear outer membrane organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear outer membrane.


nuclear inner membrane organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nuclear inner membrane.


name: Actinobacterium-type cell wall biogenesis

description: A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cell wall of the type found in Actinobacteria. The cell wall is the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane. Actinobacterial cell walls contain characteristic mycolic acids, of which some are covalently linked to the cell wall peptidoglycan and others accumulate at the cell surface.


mycolic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving mycolic acids, beta-hydroxy fatty acids with a long alpha-alkyl side chain.


mycolic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mycolic acids, beta-hydroxy fatty acids with a long alpha-alkyl side chain.


mycolate cell wall layer assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components, including arabinogalactan mycolate and trehalose dimycolate, to form the mycolate layer of the Actinobacterium-type cell wall. The mycolate layer is physically attached to the peptidoglycan layer.


DIM/DIP cell wall layer assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components, including (phenyl)phthiocerol, phthiodiolone, phthiotriol dimycocerosate and diphthioceranate, to form the DIM/DIP layer of the Actinobacterium-type cell wall.


name: aldehyde oxygenase (deformylating) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a long-chain fatty aldehyde + H+ + 2 NADPH + O2 = a long-chain alkane + formate + H2O + 2 NADP+.


response to BMP

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) stimulus.


cellular response to BMP stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) stimulus.


response to fibroblast growth factor

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fibroblast growth factor stimulus.


endoplasmic reticulum cisternal network

description: A subcompartment of the endoplasmic reticulum consisting of flattened, disc-shaped domains known as cisternae. These are typically found close to the nucleus and are generally more prominent in secretory cells.


endoplasmic reticulum tubular network

description: A subcompartment of the endoplasmic reticulum consisting of tubules having membranes with high curvature in cross-section.


name: endoplasmic reticulum cisternal network organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternal network. The ER cisternal network is the ER part that comprises the membranes with low curvature in cross-section.


name: endoplasmic reticulum cisternal network assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternal network. The ER cisternal network is the ER part that comprises the membranes with low curvature in cross-section.


name: endoplasmic reticulum cisternal network maintenance

description: The organization process that preserves the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternal network in a stable functional or structural state. The ER cisternal network is the ER part that comprises the membranes with low curvature in cross-section.


name: endoplasmic reticulum tubular network organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubular network. The ER tubular network is the ER part that that has membranes with high curvature in cross-section.


name: endoplasmic reticulum tubular network formation

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubular network. The ER tubular network is the ER part that comprises the membranes with high curvature in cross-section.


name: endoplasmic reticulum tubular network maintenance

description: The organization process that preserves the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubular network in a stable functional or structural state. The ER tubular network is the ER part that comprises the membranes with high curvature in cross-section.


chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 binding

description: Binding to chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5.


bacillithiol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving bacillithiol, the alpha-anomeric glycoside of L-cysteinyl-D-glucosamine with L-malic acid. Bacillithiol, produced widely in the Firmicutes and sporadically in other bacterial lineages, is a low-molecular-weight thiol analogous to mycothiol in the Actinomycetes and glutathione in many species.


bacillithiol biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bacillithiol, the alpha-anomeric glycoside of L-cysteinyl-D-glucosamine with L-malic acid. Bacillithiol, produced widely in the Firmicutes and sporadically in other bacterial lineages, is a low-molecular-weight thiol analogous to mycothiol in the Actinomycetes and glutathione in many species.


CAP-Gly domain binding

description: Binding to a CAP-Gly domain of a protein. The CAP_Gly domain is a conserved, glycine-rich domain of about 42 residues found in some cytoskeleton-associated proteins, and features a novel protein fold containing three beta-sheets.


name: K11-linked polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding

description: Binding to a protein upon poly-ubiquitination formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 11 in the target protein.


name: K6-linked polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding

description: Binding to a protein upon poly-ubiquitination formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 6 in the target protein.


LUBAC complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex that catalyzes linear head-to-tail polyubiquitin conjugation on its targets. In human the complex consists of RBCK1, RNF31 and SHARPIN, and has an MW of approximately 600 kDa, suggesting a heteromultimeric assembly of its subunits. LUBAC stands for Linear Ubiquitin Chain Assembly Complex.


response to prostaglandin D

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin D stimulus.


name: cellular response to prostaglandin D stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin D stimulus.


podosome assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a podosome, an actin-rich adhesion structure characterized by formation upon cell substrate contact and localization at the substrate-attached part of the cell.


regulation of podosome assembly

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of podosome assembly.


name: negative regulation of podosome assembly

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of podosome assembly.


name: positive regulation of podosome assembly

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of podosome assembly.


potassium ion transmembrane transport

description: A process in which a potassium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other.


protein transmembrane transport

description: The process in which a protein is transported across a membrane.


name: replication fork arrest involved in DNA replication termination

description: A replication fork arrest process that contributes to the termination of DNA replication.


satellite fibril

description: An axoneme part that is found in the flagella of mammalian sperm and is located in the middle piece between the outer dense fibers (on the concave side of outer dense fibers as seen in cross-section).


name: regulation of fever generation by regulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis

description: Any process that modulates the rate or extent of fever generation via regulation of the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandin.


name: regulation of fever generation by regulation of prostaglandin secretion

description: Any process that modulates the rate or extent of fever generation via regulation of the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a prostaglandin from a cell.


name: positive regulation of fever generation by positive regulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis

description: Any process that increases the rate or extent of fever generation via positive regulation of the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandin.


name: positive regulation of fever generation by positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion

description: Any process that increases the rate or extent of fever generation via positive regulation of the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of a prostaglandin from a cell.


lipoprotein particle binding

description: Binding to a lipoprotein particle. A lipoprotein particle, also known as a lipoprotein, is a clathrate complex consisting of a lipid enwrapped in a protein host without covalent binding in such a way that the complex has a hydrophilic outer surface consisting of all the protein and the polar ends of any phospholipids.


protein-lipid complex binding

description: Binding to a protein-lipid complex, any macromolecular complex that contains both protein and lipid molecules.


name: intermediate-density lipoprotein particle binding

description: Binding to a intermediate-density lipoprotein particle, a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that typically contains APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of 1.006-1.019 g/ml and a diameter of between 25-30 nm.


name: tail-anchored membrane protein insertion into ER membrane

description: A process of protein insertion into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane in which a tail-anchored (TA) transmembrane protein is incorporated into an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. TA transmembrane protein, also named type II transmembrane proteins, contain a single C- terminal transmembrane region.


MMXD complex

description: A protein complex that contains the proteins MMS19, MIP18 and XPD, localizes to mitotic spindle during mitosis, and is required for proper chromosome segregation.


BAT3 complex

description: A protein complex found in mammals that transfers tail-anchored (TA) proteins from SGTA to GET3 (ASNA1/TRC4) for targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Also chaperones polypeptides from the endoplasmic reticulum retrotranslocation machinery to the proteasome, maintaining the solubility of substrates to improve ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). Consists of BAG6 (BAT3) and its cofactors GET4 (TRC35) and UBL4A.


DUBm complex

description: A protein complex that forms part of SAGA-type complexes SAGA and SLIK, and mediates deubiquitination of histone H2B. In S. cerevisiae, the DUBm consists of the proteins Ubp8p, Sgf11p, Sus1p, and Sgf73p.


N-box binding

description: Binding to an N-box, a DNA motif with the consensus sequence CACNAG that is found in the promoters of genes expressed preferentially at synapses.


FANCM-MHF complex

description: A protein complex contains the proteins FANCM and MHF, or their orthologs, plays an essential role in DNA remodeling, protects replication forks, and is conserved in eukaryotes.


name: protein-carbohydrate complex subunit organization

description: Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein-carbohydrate complex.


protein-DNA complex organization

description: Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein-DNA complex.


protein-lipid complex organization

description: Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein-lipid complex.


protein-RNA complex organization

description: Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a ribonucleoprotein complex.


name: plasma lipoprotein particle organization

description: A protein-lipid complex subunit organization process that results in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a plasma lipoprotein particle. A plasma lipoprotein particle is a spherical particle with a hydrophobic core of triglycerides and/or cholesterol esters, surrounded by an amphipathic monolayer of phospholipids, cholesterol and apolipoproteins.


apolipoprotein E recycling

description: The process in which chylomicron remnant-associated apolipoprotein E is internalized by endocytosis, localized to recycling endosomes and then secreted in association with a high-density lipoprotein particle.


plasma lipoprotein particle disassembly

description: The disaggregation of a plasma lipoprotein particle into its constituent components.


name: triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle clearance

description: The process in which a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


name: intermediate-density lipoprotein particle clearance

description: The process in which a intermediate-density lipoprotein particle is removed from the blood via receptor-mediated endocytosis and its constituent parts degraded.


mating pheromone secretion

description: The regulated release of a mating pheromone, a peptide hormone that induces a behavioral or physiological response(s) from a responding organism or cell, that contributes to a process of sexual reproduction.


name: mating pheromone secretion involved in regulation of conjugation with cellular fusion

description: The regulated release of a mating pheromone, a peptide hormone that induces a behavioral or physiological response(s) from a responding organism or cell, that regulates the union or introduction of genetic information from compatible mating types that results in a genetically different individual. Conjugation requires direct cellular contact between the organisms.


nectar secretion

description: The controlled release of a nectar by a cell or a tissue. Nectar is a fluid secreted by many angiosperms to promote pollination by providing a reward to pollinators. Nectar may also deter certain organisms from visiting or play other biological roles. Nectar is a complex solution that may include the following types of compounds: sugars, amino acids, organic acids, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, vitamins, phenolics, metal ions, oils, free fatty acids, and proteins.


HMG box domain binding

description: Binding to an HMG box domain, a protein domain that consists of three helices in an irregular array. HMG-box domains are found in one or more copies in HMG-box proteins, which form a large, diverse family involved in the regulation of DNA-dependent processes such as transcription, replication, and strand repair, all of which require the bending and unwinding of chromatin.


cell proliferation in bone marrow

description: The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population in the bone marrow.


apoptotic process in bone marrow cell

description: The apoptotic process in cells in the bone marrow.


name: cellular component organization or biogenesis

description: A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component.


actin filament debranching

description: An actin filament severing process that results in the removal of actin filament branches specifically at the branch points.


name: fungal-type cell wall organization or biogenesis

description: A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a fungal-type cell wall.


fungal-type cell wall disassembly

description: A cellular process that results in the breakdown of a fungal-type cell wall.


name: cell wall macromolecule catabolic process involved in fungal-type cell wall disassembly

description: The chemical reactions and pathways that result in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall, and contributes to the breakdown of the fungal-type cell wall.


neuropeptide receptor binding

description: Binding to a neuropeptide receptor.


beta-endorphin receptor binding

description: Binding to a beta-endorphin receptor.


corazonin receptor binding

description: Binding to a corazonin receptor.


neuropeptide F receptor binding

description: Binding to a neuropeptide F receptor.


proctolin receptor binding

description: Binding to a proctolin receptor.


tachykinin receptor binding

description: Binding to a tachykinin receptor.


name: regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow

description: A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in the bone marrow.


name: positive regulation of cell proliferation in bone marrow

description: A process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation in the bone marrow.


name: regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow cell

description: Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process in the bone marrow.


name: negative regulation of apoptotic process in bone marrow cell

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process in the bone marrow.


response to monoamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monoamine stimulus. A monoamine is any of a group of molecular messengers that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-). Monoamines are derived from the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine and tryptophan.


cellular response to monoamine stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a monoamine stimulus. A monoamine is any of a group of molecular messengers that contain one amino group that is connected to an aromatic ring by ethylene group (-CH2-CH2-). Monoamines are derived from the aromatic amino acids phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine and tryptophan.


response to catecholamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a catecholamine stimulus. A catecholamine is any of a group of biogenic amines that includes 4-(2-aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution.


name: cellular response to catecholamine stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a catecholamine stimulus. A catecholamine is any of a group of biogenic amines that includes 4-(2-aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution.


response to epinephrine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epinephrine stimulus. Epinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C9H13NO3; it is secreted by the adrenal medulla to act as a hormone, and released by certain neurons to act as a neurotransmitter active in the central nervous system.


name: cellular response to epinephrine stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epinephrine stimulus. Epinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C9H13NO3; it is secreted by the adrenal medulla to act as a hormone, and released by certain neurons to act as a neurotransmitter active in the central nervous system.


response to norepinephrine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a norepinephrine stimulus. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C8H11NO3; it acts as a hormone, and as a neurotransmitter in most of the sympathetic nervous system.


name: cellular response to norepinephrine stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a norepinephrine stimulus. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C8H11NO3; it acts as a hormone, and as a neurotransmitter in most of the sympathetic nervous system.


adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a ligand binding to an adrenergic receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway activity. An adrenergic receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adrenergic receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


name: negative regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of an adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor protein signaling pathway activity. An adrenergic receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adrenergic receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


name: positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor protein signaling pathway. An adrenergic receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adrenergic receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


name: adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

description: An adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a ligand binding to an adrenergic receptor on the surface of the target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: adenylate cyclase-inhibiting adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

description: An adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a ligand binding to an adrenergic receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: phospholipase C-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

description: A phospholipase C-activating receptor G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by ligand binding to an adrenergic receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: MAPK-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an adrenergic receptor binding to its physiological ligand and leading to the activation of a MAP kinase cascade.


name: N-terminal protein N-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) to the alpha-amino group of the N-terminal amino or imino acid residue of a protein substrate. For example, yeast Tae1p and mammalian family member METTL11A preferentially modify the N-terminal residue of substrates with the N-terminal sequence X-Pro-Lys, where X can be Pro, Ala, or Ser.


description: Binding to the amine 1-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propan-2-amine, a serotonin receptor agonist that can act as a psychedelic drug.


leukocyte apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a leukocyte, an achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue.


macrophage apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a macrophage, a mononuclear phagocyte present in a variety of tissues.


14-3-3 protein binding

description: Binding to a 14-3-3 protein. A 14-3-3 protein is any of a large family of approximately 30kDa acidic proteins which exist primarily as homo- and heterodimers within all eukaryotic cells, and have been implicated in the modulation of distinct biological processes by binding to specific phosphorylated sites on diverse target proteins, thereby forcing conformational changes or influencing interactions between their targets and other molecules. Each 14-3-3 protein sequence can be roughly divided into three sections: a divergent amino terminus, the conserved core region and a divergent carboxy-terminus. The conserved middle core region of the 14-3-3s encodes an amphipathic groove that forms the main functional domain, a cradle for interacting with client proteins.


bicarbonate binding

description: Binding to bicarbonate ions (CHO3-).


name: N-terminal peptidyl-proline dimethylation involved in translation

description: An N-terminal peptidyl-proline dimethylation process that contributes to translation.


thrombocyte activation

description: A cell activation process that occurs in thrombocytes and consists of a series of progressive, overlapping events including shape change, adhesiveness, and aggregation, which, when carried through to completion, lead to the formation of a stable hemostatic plug. Thrombocytes are nucleated cells found in non-mammalian vertebrates and are involved in hemostasis. They are the functional equivalent of the non-nucleated platelets found in mammals.


odontoblast differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell of neural crest origin acquires the specialized features of an odontoblast, a cell on the outer surface of the dental pulp whose biological function is the creation of dentin.


name: protein localization to adherens junction

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained at the adherens junction.


DNA biosynthetic process

description: The biosynthetic process resulting in the formation of DNA.


name: regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity.


name: negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity.


name: positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity.


name: protein N-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation via asparagine

description: A process of protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine in which N-acetylglucosamine is added to the N4 of asparagine, forming an (S)-2-amino-4-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)amino-4-oxobutanoic acid residue.


name: protein N-linked N-acetylgalactosaminylation via asparagine

description: A process of protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine in which N-acetylgalactosamine is added to the N4 of asparagine, forming an (S)-2-amino-4-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)amino-4-oxobutanoic acid residue.


name: protein N-linked glucosylation via asparagine

description: A process of protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine in which glucose is added to the N4 of asparagine, forming an (S)-2-amino-4-(D-glucopyranosyl)amino-4-oxobutanoic acid residue.


CRD domain binding

description: Binding to a CRD (context dependent regulatory) domain, a domain of about 130 residues that is the most divergent region among the LEF/TCF proteins.


name: determination of digestive tract left/right asymmetry

description: Determination of the asymmetric location of various parts of the digestive tract with respect to the left and right halves of the organism. The digestive tract is the anatomical structure through which food passes and is processed.


name: determination of intestine left/right asymmetry

description: Determination of the asymmetric location of the intestine loops with respect to the left and right halves of the organism.


name: determination of stomach left/right asymmetry

description: Determination of the asymmetric location of the stomach with respect to the left and right halves of the organism.


name: determination of liver left/right asymmetry

description: Determination of the asymmetric location of the liver with respect to the left and right halves of the organism.


synchronous neurotransmitter secretion

description: Release of neurotransmitter at the synapse that lasts for just a few milliseconds after action potential invasion.


asynchronous neurotransmitter secretion

description: Release of neurotransmitter at the synapse that persists for tens to hundreds of milliseconds after action potential invasion.


name: citrate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of citrate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.


prominosome

description: An extracellular membrane-bounded vesicle that contains prominin proteins (in mouse Prom1/CD33 or Prom2) and are found in body fluids including ventricular fluid, saliva, urine and seminal fluid. In the ventricular fluid of the developing mouse brain two major classes of these particles have been observed (P2 particles of 500-1000 nm and P4 particles of 50-80 nm) which likely originate from microvilli, primary cilia and/or the midbody of neuroepithelial cells. The physiological role is not known.


protein-lysine lysylation

description: The addition of lysine group to a lysine residue in a protein, producing N6-(lysyl)-L-lysine. This modification is observed in, and is probably unique to, translation elongation factor P (EF-P).


name: dipeptide transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a dipeptide from one side of a membrane to the other. A dipeptide is a combination of two amino acids linked together by a peptide (-CO-NH-) bond.


name: triose-phosphate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a triose phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other.


urea transmembrane transport

description: The process in which urea, the water-soluble compound H2N-CO-NH2, is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


G-quadruplex DNA formation

description: A DNA metabolic process that results in the formation of G-quadruplex DNA structures, in which groups of four guanines adopt a flat, cyclic Hoogsteen hydrogen-bonding arrangement known as a guanine tetrad or G-quartet. The stacking of several layers of G-quartets forms G-quadruplexes, in which one or more DNA single strands are assembled in parallel and/or antiparallel, with interactions that can be either intra- or intermolecular in nature.


cleavage body

description: A nuclear body that contains proteins involved in pre-mRNA 3'-end cleavage and polyadenylation, such as DDX1, CSTF2 and CPSFs, as well as the transcription factors TFIIE and TFIIF. Cleavage bodies are localized adjacent to Cajal bodies and are involved in mRNA3'-end processing.


cohesin loading

description: The protein localization to chromatin by which a cohesin ring complex is topologically linked to DNA.


regulation of cohesin loading

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which a cohesin complex is transported to, or maintained at, a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin.


negative regulation of cohesin loading

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which a cohesin complex is transported to, or maintained at, a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin.


name: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 22 production

description: The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 22 (CCL22) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


thymic stromal lymphopoietin production

description: The appearance of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


endocannabinoid signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an endocannabinoid binding to a cell surface receptor. The pathway proceeds with the receptor transmitting the signal to a heterotrimeric G-protein complex and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Endocannabinoids are small molecules derived from arachidonic acid, anandamide (arachidonoylethanolamide) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol.


octopamine signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of octopamine binding to a cell surface receptor.


tyramine signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of tyramine binding to a cell surface receptor.


alpha-tubulin acetylation

description: The addition of an acetyl group to the lysine 40 residue of alpha-tubulin.


replication fork reversal

description: Replication fork processing that involves the unwinding of blocked forks to form four-stranded structures resembling Holliday junctions, which are subsequently resolved.


Arp2/3 complex binding

description: Binding to an Arp2/3 complex, a protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5).


thiamine transmembrane transport

description: The process in which thiamine is transported across a membrane. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.


name: octopamine signaling pathway involved in response to food

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of octopamine to a receptor on the surface of the target cell that contributes to a response to a food stimulus.


vitamin A transport

description: The directed movement any form of vitamin A into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Vitamin A is any of several retinoid derivatives of beta-carotene, primarily retinol, retinal, or retinoic acid.


vitamin A import into cell

description: The directed movement of vitamin A from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. Vitamin A is any of several retinoid derivatives of beta-carotene, primarily retinol, retinal, or retinoic acid.


fungal-type cell wall assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a fungal-type cell wall.


nitrogen cycle metabolic process

description: A nitrogen compound metabolic process that contributes to the nitrogen cycle. The nitrogen cycle is a series of metabolic pathways by which nitrogen is converted between various forms and redox states; it encompasses pathways in which nitrogen is acted upon directly, such as nitrification, denitrification, nitrogen fixation, and mineralization.


XPC complex

description: A nucleotide-excision repair complex that is involved in damage sensing during global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER). It is part of the pre-incision (or initial recognition) complex bound to sites of DNA damage. In human, it is composed of XPC, RAD23B and CETN2.


Myc-Max complex

description: A transcription factor complex that consists of a heterodimer of the bHLH-ZIP proteins Myc and Max.


cell periphery

description: The broad region around and including the plasma membrane of a cell, encompassing the cell cortex (inside the cell), the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures.


name: regulation of bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility by regulation of motor speed

description: A process that modulates flagellum-dependent motility in bacteria by modulating the speed or direction of rotation of a rotary flagellar motor, mediated by interactions between the braking protein.


cis-acting DNA replication termination

description: A DNA replication termination process that is initiated by protein binding to a binding site on the same chromosome, but remote from the termination site, via DNA looping or chromosome kissing.


name: protein deubiquitination involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

description: The removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein as part of a process of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism.


name: activation-induced B cell apoptotic process

description: B cell apoptotic process that occurs upon engagement of either the B cell receptor or CD40. Engagement of either receptor, but not both, leads to expression of fas or related receptors that make the B cell susceptible to fas-ligand mediated death.


FAD binding

description: Binding to the oxidized form, FAD, of flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes.


FADH2 binding

description: Binding to the reduced form, FADH2, of flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes.


name: conversion of methionyl-tRNA to N-formyl-methionyl-tRNA

description: The modification process that results in the conversion of methionine charged on a tRNA(fMet) to N-formyl-methionine-tRNA(fMet).


name: conversion of O-phosphoseryl-tRNA to cysteinyl-tRNA

description: The modification process that results in the conversion of O-phosphoserine charged on a tRNA(Cys) to cysteinyl-tRNA.


elastic fiber

description: An supramolecular fiber that consists of an insoluble core of polymerized tropoelastin monomers and a surrounding mantle of microfibrils. Elastic fibers provide elasticity and recoiling to tissues and organs, and maintain structural integrity against mechanical strain.


name: chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 production

description: The appearance of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11 (CCL11, also known as eotaxin-1) due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


recycling endosome to Golgi transport

description: The directed movement of substances from recycling endosomes to the Golgi.


old mitotic spindle pole body

description: The spindle pole body that exists in a cell prior to spindle pole body duplication. An old spindle pole body segregates to the daughter cell upon mitosis, and lacks active proteins involved in signaling exit from mitosis.


new mitotic spindle pole body

description: The spindle pole body that is formed by spindle pole body duplication, and to which proteins involved in mitotic exit signaling (for example, the septation initiation network in fission yeast) localize.


name: maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion, arms

description: The process in which the association between sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome along the length of the chromosome arms, is maintained as chromosomes condense, attach to the spindle in a bipolar orientation, and congress to the metaphase plate during a mitotic cell cycle.


name: maintenance of mitotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric

description: The process in which the association between sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome along the length of the centromeric region is maintained as chromosomes condense, attach to the spindle in a bipolar orientation, and congress to the metaphase plate during a mitotic cell cycle.


mitotic sister chromatid cohesion, arms

description: The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the length of the chromosome arms during mitosis.


name: mitotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric

description: The cell cycle process in which centromeres of sister chromatids are joined during mitosis.


name: establishment or maintenance of cell polarity regulating cell shape

description: Any cellular process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of a polarized intracellular organization or cell growth patterns that regulate the shape of a cell.


name: establishment of cell polarity regulating cell shape

description: Any cellular process that results in the specification or formation of a polarized intracellular organization or cell growth pattern that regulates the shape of a cell.


multicellular organismal locomotion

description: Locomotion in a multicellular organism, i.e. self-propelled movement of a multicellular organism from one location to another.


name: fungal-type cell wall polysaccharide metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the polysaccharides which make up the fungal-type cell wall.


name: lipopolysaccharide core heptosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: glucosyl-heptosyl2-KDO2-lipid A-phosphate + ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose = glucosyl-heptosyl3-KDO2-lipid A-phosphate + ADP + H+.


name: lipid A-core heptosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: galactosyl-glucosyl3-heptosyl3-KDO2-lipid A-bisphosphate + ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose = lipid A-core + ADP + H+.


name: fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of fungi.


name: fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in fungal cell walls.


extracellular exosome assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an extracellular vesicular exosome, a membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Exosomes are defined by their size, which generally ranges from 30 nm to 100 nm.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 a peptidoglycan dimer (tetrapeptide) + 3 H2O = a peptidoglycan tetramer with L,D cross-links (L-Lys-D-Asn-L-Lys) + di-trans,poly-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate + 4 D-alanine.


name: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility

description: Cell motility due to the motion of one or more bacterial-type flagella. A bacterial-type flagellum is a motor complex composed of an extracellular helical protein filament coupled to a rotary motor embedded in the cell envelope.


cell swimming

description: Cell motility that results in the smooth movement of a cell through a liquid medium.


cell gliding

description: Cell motility that results in the smooth movement of a cell along a solid surface.


name: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swimming motility

description: Bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility that results in the smooth movement of a cell through a liquid medium.


name: bacterial-type flagellum-dependent swarming motility

description: Bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motility in which the action of numerous flagella results in the smooth movement of a group of cells along a solid surface. Swarming motility is observed in groups of bacteria.


cytoskeleton-mediated cell swimming

description: Cell motility in which contractile cytoskeletal elements alter cell shape, resulting in the smooth movement of a cell through a liquid medium.


name: cell surface adhesin-mediated gliding motility

description: Cell gliding that results from the actions of cell surface adhesin proteins that are propelled by membrane motor proteins.


exit from diapause

description: The dormancy process that results in exit from diapause. Diapause is a neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low metabolic activity. Associated characteristics of this form of dormancy include reduced morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail. Once initiated, only certain stimuli are capable of releasing the organism from this state, and this characteristic is essential in distinguishing diapause from hibernation.


maintenance of diapause

description: The dormancy process that results an organism remaining in diapause. Diapause is a neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low metabolic activity. Associated characteristics of this form of dormancy include reduced morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail. Once initiated, only certain stimuli are capable of releasing the organism from this state, and this characteristic is essential in distinguishing diapause from hibernation.


exit from reproductive diapause

description: The dormancy process that results in exit from reproductive diapause. Reproductive diapause is a form of diapause where the organism itself will remain fully active, including feeding and other routine activities, but the reproductive organs experience a tissue-specific reduction in metabolism, with characteristic triggering and releasing stimuli.


maintenance of reproductive diapause

description: The dormancy process that results an organism remaining in reproductive diapause. Reproductive diapause is a form of diapause where the organism itself will remain fully active, including feeding and other routine activities, but the reproductive organs experience a tissue-specific reduction in metabolism, with characteristic triggering and releasing stimuli.


multivesicular body sorting pathway

description: A vesicle-mediated transport process in which transmembrane proteins are ubiquitylated to facilitate their entry into luminal vesicles of multivesicular bodies (MVBs); upon subsequent fusion of MVBs with lysosomes or vacuoles, the cargo proteins are degraded.


Ragulator complex

description: A vacuolar membrane-anchored guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) complex for the Rag GTPases (Gtr1-Gtr2 GTPase complex GO:1990131) in TORC1 signaling pathway. In human, Ragulator is comprised of the membrane anchor subunit LAMTOR1 (Meh1p in S. cerevisiae, Lam1 in S. pombe), a GEF subunit LAMTOR2 ( Slm4 in S. cerevisiae , Lam2 in S. pombe ) , LAMTOR3 (no S. cerevisiae ortholog identified, Lam3 in S. pombe) , LAMTOR4 (no S. cerevisiae ortholog identified, Lam4 in S. pombe), and LAMTOR5 (no S. cerevisiae or S. pombe ortholog identified).


WD40-repeat domain binding

description: Binding to a WD40 repeat domain of a protein. The WD40 repeat is a short structural motif of approximately 40 amino acids, often terminating in a tryptophan-aspartic acid (W-D) dipeptide. Several of these repeats are combined to form a type of protein domain called the WD domain.


name: protein localization to spindle pole body

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the spindle pole body.


name: establishment of protein localization to spindle pole body

description: The directed movement of a protein to a specific location at the spindle pole body.


name: maintenance of protein location to spindle pole body

description: Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location at the spindle pole body, and is prevented from moving elsewhere.


phytochelatin transport

description: The directed movement of a phytochelatin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Phytochelatins are a group of peptides that bind metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg) in thiolate coordination complexes.


phytochelatin transmembrane transport

description: The process in which a phytochelatin is transported across a membrane. Phytochelatins are a group of peptides that bind metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg) in thiolate coordination complexes.


phytochelatin import into vacuole

description: The directed movement of phytochelatins into the vacuole. Phytochelatins are a group of peptides that bind metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg) in thiolate coordination complexes.


name: glutathione transmembrane import into vacuole

description: The directed movement of glutathione into the vacuole across the vacuolar membrane.


ascospore release from ascus

description: A developmental process that results in the discharge of ascospores from the ascus. Ascospore release may be active or passive.


name: extracellular polysaccharide catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polysaccharides used in extracellular structures.


name: extracellular polysaccharide catabolic process involved in ascospore release from ascus

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polysaccharides in the ascus wall that contributes to the release of ascospores from the ascus.


renal system development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal system maintains fluid balance and contributes to electrolyte balance, acid/base balance, and disposal of nitrogenous waste products. In humans, the renal system comprises a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, sphincter muscle and associated blood vessels.


Malpighian tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the Malpighian tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A Malpighian tubule is a fine, thin-walled excretory tubule in insects which leads into the posterior part of the gut.


kidney rudiment formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a kidney rudiment from unspecified parts. A kidney is an organ that filters the blood and excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine.


kidney field specification

description: The process that results in the delineation of regions of the embryo into the area in which the kidney rudiment will develop.


maintenance of kidney identity

description: The process in which the identity of a kidney is maintained. Identity is considered to be the aggregate of characteristics by which a structure is recognized.


nephron development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nephron over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney.


mesangial cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesangial cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


name: glomerular mesangial cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the glomerular mesangial cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


nephron epithelium development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the nephron epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. The nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron.


glomerular epithelium development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the glomerular epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The glomerular epithelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the outer surfaces of the glomerulus. The glomerular epithelium consists of both parietal and visceral epithelium. Metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. A metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells in the metanephros.


glomerular endothelium development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the glomerular endothelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The glomerular endothelium is an epithelial tissue that covers the internal surfaces of the glomerulus.


glomerulus vasculature development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerulus vasculature from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the glomerulus vasculature and ends with the mature structure. The glomerulus vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the glomerulus.


glomus development

description: The progression of the glomus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The glomus forms from the splanchnic intermediate mesoderm and is the vascularized filtration unit, filtering the blood before it enters the tubules. The glomus is external to the nephron and extends over more than one body segment.


proximal tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the proximal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the proximal tubule is a nephron tubule that connects Bowman's capsule to the descending thin limb of the loop of Henle. It has a brush border epithelial morphology.


podocyte development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerular visceral epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A glomerular visceral epithelial cell is a specialized epithelial cell that contains 'feet' that interdigitate with the 'feet' of other glomerular epithelial cells.


name: glomerular parietal epithelial cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a glomerular parietal epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport.


distal tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the distal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mammals, the distal tubule is a nephron tubule that begins at the macula densa and extends to the connecting tubule.


proximal convoluted tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the proximal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The proximal convoluted tubule is the most proximal portion of the proximal tubule and extends from the glomerular capsule to the proximal straight tubule.


proximal straight tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the proximal straight tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The proximal straight tubule is the part of the descending limb that extends from the proximal convoluted tubule to the descending thin tubule.


ascending thin limb development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an ascending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ascending thin limb is a segment of a nephron tubule lying in the inner medulla that is permeable to ions but not to water and has a simple epithelium; active transepithelial solute transport is absent.


descending thin limb development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the descending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The descending thin limb is a part of the loop of Henle situated just after the proximal straight tubule (S3). It extends to the tip of the loop of Henle.


thick ascending limb development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thick ascending limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thick ascending limb is the last part of the loop of Henle. Its thick, mitochondria-rich epithelium characterizes the outer medulla, and is responsible for very avid active salt transport. At the macula densa, the thick ascending limb connects to the distal convoluted tubule.


macula densa development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the macula densa over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The macula densa is an area of specialized cells in the distal tubule that makes contact with the vascular pole of the glomerulus.


distal convoluted tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the distal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The distal convoluted tubule is the first segment of the nephron lying just downstream from the loop of Henle, immediately after the macula densa. Among other functions, in humans it is responsible for the reabsorption of about 5% of filtered sodium via the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl symporter.


connecting tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the connecting tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The connecting tubule is a tubular segment of the nephron; it connects the distal convoluted tubule to the collecting duct.


nephron morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the nephron are generated and organized. A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney.


long nephron development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a long nephron over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Long nephrons are associated with juxtamedullary glomeruli and extend into the inner medulla.


short nephron development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a short nephron over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Short nephrons are associated with mid-cortical and superficial glomeruli, are situated entirely in the outer medulla, and have no thin ascending limb.


name: proximal convoluted tubule segment 1 development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the S1 portion of the proximal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The S1 portion is the initial portion of the proximal convoluted tubule and is responsible for avid reabsorption of water and solutes.


name: proximal convoluted tubule segment 2 development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the S2 portion of the proximal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The S2 portion of the tubule is involved in reabsorption of water and sodium chloride.


renal vesicle formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the renal vesicle from condensed mesenchymal cells. The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells.


renal vesicle induction

description: Signaling at short range between cells of the ureteric bud terminus and the kidney mesenchyme that positively regulates the formation of the renal vesicle.


pre-tubular aggregate formation

description: The cell adhesion process in which mesenchyme cells adhere to one another in the initial stages of the formation of the pre-tubular aggregate, the earliest recognizable structure of the kidney.


name: mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in renal vesicle formation

description: A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the renal vesicle.


name: mesenchymal stem cell differentiation involved in nephron morphogenesis

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal stem cell that contributes to the shaping of a nephron. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells.


name: mesenchymal stem cell maintenance involved in nephron morphogenesis

description: The process in which an organism retains a population of mesenchymal stem cells that contributes to the shaping of a nephron. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells.


name: regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in nephron morphogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron.


name: negative regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in nephron morphogenesis

description: Any process that reduces the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron.


name: positive regulation of mesenchymal cell apoptotic process involved in nephron morphogenesis

description: Any process that increases the occurrence or rate of mesenchymal stem cell death by apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of the nephron.


name: regulation of mesenchymal stem cell proliferation involved in nephron morphogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and contributes to the shaping of a nephron.


name: regulation of pre-tubular aggregate formation by cell-cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of pre-tubular aggregate formation. Pre-tubular aggregate formation is the cell adhesion process in which mesenchymal cells adhere to one another in the initial stages of the formation of the pre-tubular aggregate, the earliest recognizable structure of the kidney.


collecting duct development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a collecting duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The collecting duct responds to vasopressin and aldosterone to regulate water, electrolyte and acid-base balance. It is the final common path through which urine flows before entering the ureter and then emptying into the bladder.


name: convergent extension involved in nephron morphogenesis

description: The morphogenetic process in which the renal epithelium narrows along one axis and lengthens in a perpendicular axis that contributes to the shaping of a nephron.


name: establishment of planar polarity involved in nephron morphogenesis

description: Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium that contributes to the shaping of a nephron.


name: proximal/distal pattern formation involved in nephron development

description: The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis of a nephron. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from the center of the kidney (proximal end) outward (distal end).


renal system pattern specification

description: Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate into the anatomical structures of the renal system.


comma-shaped body morphogenesis

description: The process in which the comma-shaped body is generated and organized. The comma-shaped body is the precursor structure to the S-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron.


S-shaped body morphogenesis

description: The process in which the S-shaped body is generated and organized. The S-shaped body is the successor of the comma-shaped body that contributes to the morphogenesis of the nephron.


juxtaglomerular apparatus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the juxtaglomerular apparatus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is an anatomical structure that lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function.


juxtaglomerulus cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the juxtaglomerulus cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


renal inner medulla development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal inner medulla over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal inner medulla is unique to mammalian kidneys and is the innermost region of the mammalian kidney.


renal outer medulla development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal outer medulla over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal outer medulla is the region of the kidney that lies between the renal cortex and the renal inner medulla.


renal cortex development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal cortex over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal cortex is the outer region of the kidney.


pyramid development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney pyramids over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Kidney pyramids are the conical masses that constitute the renal medulla in a multi-lobed mammalian kidney; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts.


inner stripe development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner stripe over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The inner stripe is a deep, centrally located portion of the renal outer medulla and is traversed by thin descending and thick ascending portions of the loops of Henle.


outer stripe development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the outer stripe over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The outer stripe is the region of the kidney outer medulla that lies just below the cortex. The proximal straight tubules (S3) characterize this region.


cortical collecting duct development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cortical collecting duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cortical collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that resides in the renal cortex.


name: outer medullary collecting duct development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the outer medullary collecting duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The outer medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal outer medulla.


name: inner medullary collecting duct development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner medullary collecting duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The inner medullary collecting duct is the portion of the collecting duct that lies in the renal inner medulla.


name: proximal convoluted tubule segment 1 cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the S1 cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


short descending thin limb development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the short descending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The short descending thin limb is the descending thin limb of a short nephron that has a squamous epithelial morphology.


long descending thin limb development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the long descending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The long descending thin limb is the descending thin limb of a long nephron that has a squamous epithelial morphology. The long descending limb starts in the inner stripe of the outer medulla and extends into the inner medulla.


name: long descending thin limb bend development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the long descending thin limb bend over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The long descending thin limb bend is a part of the descending thin limb of a long nephron that lies beyond the prebend segment.


prebend segment development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the prebend segment over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The prebend segment is a part of the descending thin limb that lies before the bend and exhibits permeabilities characteristic of the ascending limb, especially negligible water permeability.


name: early distal convoluted tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the early distal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The early distal convoluted tubule contains DCT cells and is vasopressin-insensitive.


name: late distal convoluted tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the late distal convoluted tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The late distal convoluted tubule contains DCT cells and intercalated (IC) alpha and beta cells and is vasopressin-sensitive.


DCT cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the distal convoluted tubule cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


loop of Henle development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the loop of Henle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The loop of Henle is a nephron tubule that connects the proximal convoluted tubule to the distal convoluted tubule.


name: kidney interstitial fibroblast differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the interstitial fibroblast of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


kidney stroma development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney stroma over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney stroma is the mesenchyme of the mature kidney.


kidney epithelium development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium in the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure.


kidney mesenchyme development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a kidney mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of kidney mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Kidney mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the kidney.