thyroid hormone transport

description: The directed movement of thyroid hormone into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


triglyceride homeostasis

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of triglyceride within an organism or cell.


tRNA seleno-modification

description: The substitution of a selenium atom for a sulfur atom in a ribonucleotide in a tRNA molecule.


aromatase activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Catalysis of the reduction of an aliphatic ring to yield an aromatic ring.


CD20-Lck-Fyn complex

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A protein complex that contains the cell-surface protein CD20 and the Src family tyrosine kinases Lck and Fyn.


CD20-Lck-Lyn-Fyn complex

description: A protein complex that contains the cell-surface protein CD20 and the Src family tyrosine kinases Lck, Lyn and Fyn.


alpha6-beta4 integrin-Shc-Grb2 complex

description: A protein complex that consists of an alpha6-beta4 integrin complex bound to the adaptor proteins Shc and Grb2.


alpha6-beta4 integrin-laminin 5 complex

description: A protein complex that consists of an alpha6-beta4 integrin complex bound to laminin 5.


aspartate binding

description: Binding to aspartate, the alpha-amino-acid anion of 2-aminobutanedioic acid that has formula C4H5NO4.


flap-structured DNA binding

description: Binding to a flap structure in DNA. A DNA flap structure is one in which a single-stranded length of DNA or RNA protrudes from a double-stranded DNA molecule.


3'-flap-structured DNA binding

description: Binding to a 3'-flap structure in DNA. A DNA flap structure is one in which a single-stranded 3'-end of DNA or RNA protrudes from a double-stranded DNA molecule.


5'-flap-structured DNA binding

description: Binding to a 5'-flap structure in DNA. A DNA flap structure is one in which a single-stranded 5'-end of DNA or RNA protrudes from a double-stranded DNA molecule. 5'-flap structures can be formed during DNA repair or lagging strand synthesis; in the latter case RNA flaps form from lagging strand RNA primers.


response to bacterial lipopeptide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacterial lipopeptide stimulus.


detection of bacterial lipopeptide

description: The series of events in which a bacterial lipopeptide stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


fat cell proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of fat cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A fat cell is an animal connective tissue cell specialized for the synthesis and storage of fat.


brown fat cell proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of brown fat cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A brown fat cell is a fat cell found the thermogenic form of adipose tissue found in newborns of many species.


white fat cell proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of white fat cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population.


regulation of fat cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fat cell proliferation.


name: negative regulation of fat cell proliferation

description: Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of fat cell proliferation.


name: positive regulation of fat cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of fat cell proliferation.


name: regulation of brown fat cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of brown fat cell proliferation.


name: negative regulation of brown fat cell proliferation

description: Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of brown fat cell proliferation.


name: positive regulation of brown fat cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of brown fat cell proliferation.


name: regulation of white fat cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of white fat cell proliferation.


name: negative regulation of white fat cell proliferation

description: Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of white fat cell proliferation.


name: positive regulation of white fat cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of white fat cell proliferation.


GATA1-TAL1-TCF3-Lmo2 complex

description: A protein complex that contains the zinc finger transcription factor GATA1, the LIM domain protein Lmo2 (RBTN2), the basic helix-loop-helix protein TAL1 and its binding partner TCF3. The complex is involved transcriptional regulation in hematopoiesis.


GATA2-TAL1-TCF3-Lmo2 complex

description: A protein complex that contains the zinc finger transcription factor GATA2, the LIM domain protein Lmo2 (RBTN2), the basic helix-loop-helix protein TAL1 and its binding partner TCF3. The complex is involved transcriptional regulation in hematopoiesis.


name: synaptotagmin-synaptobrevin 2-SNAP-25-syntaxin-1a-syntaxin-1b-Rab3a-complexin II complex

description: A SNARE complex that contains synaptotagmin, synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, syntaxin1b, Rab3a, and complexin II (or orthologs thereof).


description: A SNARE complex that contains synaptotagmin, synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, syntaxin1b, and Rab3a (or orthologs thereof).


alphav-beta3 integrin-CD47 complex

description: A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to CD47 (also known as IAP).


name: actin polymerization-dependent cell motility

description: A process involved in the controlled movement of a bacterial cell powered by the continuous polymerization of actin at one pole of the cell.


name: symbiont-medited actin polymerization-dependent cell-to-cell migration in host

description: The directional movement of an organism, usually a bacterial cell, from one place to another within its host organism, by a process involving continuous polymerization of actin at one pole of the symbiont cell. Some bacteria use host actin for migration from cell to cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


hepatocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a hepatocyte. A hepatocyte is specialized epithelial cell that is organized into interconnected plates called lobules, and is the main structural component of the liver.


name: regulation of hepatocyte differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hepatocyte differentiation.


name: negative regulation of hepatocyte differentiation

description: Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of hepatocyte differentiation.


name: positive regulation of hepatocyte differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of hepatocyte differentiation.


beta-catenin-TCF7L2 complex

description: A protein complex that contains beta-catenin and TCF7L2 (TCF4), binds to the TCF DNA motif within a promoter element, and is involved in the regulation of WNT target gene transcription.


cellular heat acclimation

description: Any process that increases heat tolerance of a cell in response to high temperatures.


ERK1 and ERK2 cascade

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A MAPK cascade containing at least the ERK1 or ERK2 MAP kinases. It starts with the activation of a MAP3K, and the consecutive activation of a MPK2K and of ERK1 or ERK2. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinase in the downstream tier. The ERK1/ERK2 cascade is activated by mitogens, growth factors, G protein-coupled receptors, and results in cellular responses such as cell proliferation, cell differentiation and development.


regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.


name: negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.


name: positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade.


ERK5 cascade

description: A MAPK cascade containing at least the ERK5 MAP kinase (MAPK7; also called BMK1). It starts with the activation of a MAP3K, and the consecutive activation of a MPK2K and of ERK5. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier. The ERK5 cascade is activated by stress, mitogens, and by G protein-coupled receptors, and results in cellular responses such as cell growth, cell differentiation and development.


regulation of ERK5 cascade

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK5 cascade.


negative regulation of ERK5 cascade

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK5 cascade.


positive regulation of ERK5 cascade

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK5 cascade.


high mobility group box 1 binding

description: Binding to high mobility group box 1 (HMBGB1).


name: high mobility group box 1 receptor activity

description: Combining with high mobility group box 1 (HMBGB1) and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: endosome to plasma membrane transport vesicle

description: A transport vesicle that mediates transport from the endosome to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to deliver lipids and membrane proteins to the plasma membrane and to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis.


exocytic vesicle

description: A transport vesicle that mediates transport from an intracellular compartment to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis.


DNA cytosine deamination

description: The removal of an amino group from a cytosine residue in DNA, forming a uracil residue.


Harderian gland development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the Harderian gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The Harderian gland is an anterior orbital structure usually associated with the nictitating membrane, and produces and secretes a variety of substances to the eye, depending upon the species.


egasyn-beta-glucuronidase complex

description: A protein complex that contains beta-glucuronidase and the carboxyl esterase egasyn; formation of the complex causes beta-glucuronidase to be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum.


name: procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex, alpha(I) type

description: A procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex that contains alpha subunits of the type I isoform; its activity is readily inhibited by poly(L-proline).


name: procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex, alpha(II) type

description: A procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex that contains alpha subunits of the type II isoform; its activity is inhibited by poly(L-proline) only at high concentrations.


name: procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex, alpha(III) type

description: A procollagen-proline 4-dioxygenase complex that contains alpha subunits of the type III isoform.


transcription export complex 2

description: A protein complex that couples SAGA-dependent gene expression to mRNA export at the inner side of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). The TREX-2 complex is tethered to the inner side of the NPC via the nucleoporins Nup1 and Nup60; in S. cerevisiae it contains Sac3p, Thp1p, Sem1, Sus1p and Cdc31p.


response to lipoteichoic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoteichoic acid stimulus; lipoteichoic acid is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor.


detection of lipoteichoic acid

description: The series of events in which a lipoteichoic acid stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal; lipoteichoic acid is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor.


teichoic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of teichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a polymer of glycerol-phosphate or ribitol-phosphate to which are attached glycosyl and D-alanyl ester residues.


lipoteichoic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoteichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor.


lipoteichoic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipoteichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor.


lipoteichoic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipoteichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor.


wall teichoic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving wall teichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a polymer of glycerol-phosphate or ribitol-phosphate to which are attached glycosyl and D-alanyl ester residues and which is covalently linked to peptidoglycan.


wall teichoic acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of wall teichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a polymer of glycerol-phosphate or ribitol-phosphate to which are attached glycosyl and D-alanyl ester residues and which is covalently linked to peptidoglycan.


wall teichoic acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of wall teichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a polymer of glycerol-phosphate or ribitol-phosphate to which are attached glycosyl and D-alanyl ester residues and which is covalently linked to peptidoglycan.


teichoic acid D-alanylation

description: The formation of a D-alanyl ester of teichoic acid. Alanylation of teichoic acids modulates the properties of the bacterial cell wall and modulates the inflammatory properties of the teichoic acid.


NADP+ binding

description: Binding to the oxidized form, NADP+, of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions.


NADPH binding

description: Binding to the reduced form, NADPH, of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions.


NAD+ binding

description: Binding to the oxidized form, NAD, of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions.


NADH binding

description: Binding to the reduced form, NADH, of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions.


ammonium ion binding

description: Binding to ammonium ions (NH4+).


glutamine binding

description: Binding to glutamine, 2,5-diamino-5-oxopentanoic acid.


name: oxidation-dependent protein catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the oxidation of one or more amino acid residues in the protein.


carbamoyl phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbamoyl phosphate, an intermediate in the urea cycle and other nitrogen compound metabolic pathways.


name: carbamoyl phosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of carbamoyl phosphate, an intermediate in the urea cycle and other nitrogen compound metabolic pathways.


co-SMAD binding

description: Binding to a common mediator SMAD signaling protein.


I-SMAD binding

description: Binding to an inhibitory SMAD signaling protein.


R-SMAD binding

description: Binding to a receptor-regulated SMAD signaling protein.


name: trehalose metabolism in response to stress

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose that occur as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress.


name: trehalose metabolism in response to heat stress

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose that occur as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.


name: trehalose metabolism in response to cold stress

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose that occur as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism.


name: trehalose metabolism in response to water deprivation

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose that occur as a result of deprivation of water.


cellular response to cold

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism.


DNA-dependent protein kinase complex

description: A protein complex that is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks and, in mammals, V(D)J recombination events. It consists of the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) and the DNA end-binding heterodimer Ku.


nonhomologous end joining complex

description: A protein complex that plays a role in DNA double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining. Such complexes typically contain a specialized DNA ligase (e.g. Lig4 in eukaryotes) and one or more proteins that bind to DNA ends.


Ku-DNA ligase complex

description: A nonhomologous end joining complex that contains one or more Ku monomers and one or more DNA ligase molecules from the LigC or LigD family, and mediates nonhomologous end joining in bacteria.


DNA ligase III-XRCC1 complex

description: A protein complex that contains DNA ligase III and XRCC1, and is involved in base excision repair.


G-protein beta/gamma-Raf-1 complex

description: A protein complex formed by the association of the serine-threonine protein kinase Raf-1 with the beta and gamma subunits of a heterotrimeric G protein.


name: regulation of nucleotide-binding domain, leucine rich repeat containing receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a nucleotide-binding domain, leucine rich repeat containing receptor signaling pathway (NLR) pathway.


name: negative regulation of nucleotide-binding domain, leucine rich repeat containing receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a nucleotide-binding domain, leucine rich repeat containing receptor signaling pathway (NLR) pathway.


name: positive regulation of nucleotide-binding domain, leucine rich repeat containing receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a nucleotide-binding domain, leucine rich repeat containing receptor signaling pathway (NLR) pathway.


name: nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand (such as a bacterial peptidoglycan) to a cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 (NOD1) protein receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 (NOD1) pathway.


name: negative regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 (NOD1) pathway.


name: positive regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 (NOD1) pathway.


name: nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a ligand (such as a bacterial peptidoglycan) to a cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) protein receptor, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) pathway.


name: negative regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) pathway.


name: positive regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) pathway.


Shc-EGFR complex

description: A protein complex that contains the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the adaptor protein Shc, and is involved in linking EGFR activation to the p21-Ras pathway.


Grb2-EGFR complex

description: A protein complex that contains the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Grb2, and is involved in linking EGFR activation to the p21-Ras pathway.


Grb2-Shc complex

description: A protein complex that contains Grb2 and the adaptor protein Shc, and is involved in linking epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation to the p21-Ras pathway.


Mad-Max-mSin3A complex

description: A transcriptional repressor complex that contains a heterodimer of the bHLH-ZIP proteins Mad and Max, plus mSin3A, a homolog of the yeast Sin3p.


Mad-Max-mSin3B complex

description: A transcriptional repressor complex that contains a heterodimer of the bHLH-ZIP proteins Mad and Max, plus mSin3B, a homolog of the yeast Sin3p.


G-protein beta/gamma-Btk complex

description: A protein complex formed by the association of the Bruton tyrosine protein kinase Btk, which is implicated in mammalian X-linked immunodeficiencies, with the beta and gamma subunits of a heterotrimeric G protein.


integrin alphaIIb-beta3 complex

description: An integrin complex that comprises one alphaIIb subunit and one beta3 subunit.


Mad-Max complex

description: A transcriptional repressor complex that consists of a heterodimer of the bHLH-ZIP proteins Mad and Max.


description: The multiplication or reproduction of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. Oligodendrocyte progenitors give rise to oligodendrocytes, which form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system.


name: regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation.


name: negative regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation

description: Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation.


name: positive regulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of oligodendrocyte progenitor proliferation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + laricitrin = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + syringetin.


elongin complex

description: A transcription elongation factor complex that suppresses RNA polymerase II pausing, and may act by promoting proper alignment of the 3'-end of nascent transcripts with the polymerase catalytic site. Consists of a transcriptionally active Elongin A subunit (about 100 kDa) and two smaller Elongin B (about 18 kDa) and Elongin C (about 15 kDa) subunits.


description: A protein complex that is formed by the association of a heterodimeric interleukin-4 receptor complex with an interleukin-4 molecule.


cell hair

description: A long, thin cell projection that contains F-actin and tubulin, with microtubules centrally located and F-actin peripherally located.


name: positive regulation of ergosterol biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ergosterol.


regulation of heme biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme.


name: negative regulation of heme biosynthetic process

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme.


name: positive regulation of heme biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: galactose-1-phosphate + H2O = galactose + phosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactose-1-phosphate + H2O = D-galactose + phosphate.


name: cellular detoxification of nitrogen compound

description: Any cellular process that reduces or removes the toxicity of nitrogenous compounds which are dangerous or toxic. This includes the aerobic conversion of toxic compounds to harmless substances.


prolactin secretion

description: The regulated release of prolactin, a peptide hormone that stimulates lactation, from secretory granules in the anterior pituitary.


thyroid-stimulating hormone secretion

description: The regulated release of thyroid-stimulating hormone, a peptide hormone that stimulates the activity of the thyroid gland, from secretory granules in the anterior pituitary.


SAGA-type complex

description: A histone acetyltransferase complex that acetylates nucleosomal histones H2B, H3, or H4 and is required for the expression of a subset of Pol II-transcribed genes. This complex includes the acetyltransferases GCN5/KAT2A or PCAF/KAT2B, several proteins of the ADA, SGF and SPT families, and several TBP-associate proteins (TAFs).


name: plus-end specific microtubule depolymerization

description: The removal of tubulin heterodimers from the plus end of a microtubule.


tubulin-dependent ATPase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate. This reaction requires the presence of a tubulin dimer to accelerate release of ADP and phosphate.


name: alphav-beta3 integrin-collagen alpha3(VI) complex

description: A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to the alpha3 chain of type VI collagen; the integrin binds most strongly to unfolded collagen.


description: A protein complex that consists of an alpha1-beta1 integrin complex bound to a type VI collagen triple helix containing an alpha3(VI) chain.


description: A protein complex that consists of an alpha2-beta1 integrin complex bound to a type VI collagen triple helix containing an alpha3(VI) chain.


RC-1 DNA recombination complex

description: A protein complex that contains DNA ligase III, DNA polymerase epsilon, a 5'-3' exonuclease, and the SMC1 and SMC2 proteins, and is involved in recombinational repair of deletions and gaps in DNA.


dentin extracellular matrix secretion

description: The regulated release by odontoblasts of the extracellular matrix constituents, including collagen, that form the basis of dentin.


respirasome

description: The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.


plasma membrane respirasome

description: A respiratory chain located in the plasma membrane of a cell; made up of the protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the plasma membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.


uterine smooth muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the uterus. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The uterus is a muscular organ of the female mammal for containing and usually for nourishing the young during development prior to birth.


name: regulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of uterine smooth muscle contraction.


name: negative regulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of uterine smooth muscle contraction.


name: positive regulation of uterine smooth muscle contraction

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of uterine smooth muscle contraction.


rRNA base methylation

description: The addition of a methyl group to an atom in the nucleoside base portion of a nucleotide residue in an rRNA molecule.


rRNA (guanine-N7)-methylation

description: The addition of a methyl group to the N7 atom in the base portion of a guanine nucleotide residue in an rRNA molecule.


endospore core

description: An intracellular part that represents the innermost portion of an endospore; the endospore core is dehydrated, enriched in dipicolinic acid and divalent cations, and metabolically inactive.


name: nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, 3'-5' exonucleolytic nonsense-mediated decay

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the nuclear-transcribed mRNA transcript body of an mRNA in which an amino-acid codon has changed to a nonsense codon; occurs when the 3' end is not protected by a 3'-poly(A) tail; degradation proceeds in the 3' to 5' direction.


name: nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, 5'-3' exonucleolytic nonsense-mediated decay

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the nuclear-transcribed mRNA transcript body of an mRNA in which an amino-acid codon has changed to a nonsense codon; occurs when the 5' end is not protected by a 5'-cap; degradation proceeds in the 5' to 3' direction.


name: nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, non-stop decay

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the transcript body of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA that is lacking a stop codon.


response to oxygen levels

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of oxygen.


detection of hypoxia

description: The series of events in which a stimulus indicating lowered oxygen tension is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone, the gamma-lactone (5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2(5H)-one.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dehydro-D-arabinono-1,4-lactone, the gamma-lactone (5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2(5H)-one.


leukocyte aggregation

description: The adhesion of one leukocyte to one or more other leukocytes via adhesion molecules.


monocyte aggregation

description: The adhesion of one monocyte to one or more other monocytes via adhesion molecules.


neutrophil aggregation

description: The adhesion of one neutrophil to one or more other neutrophils via adhesion molecules.


T cell aggregation

description: The adhesion of one T cell to one or more other T cells via adhesion molecules.


protein pupylation

description: The process in which a Pup protein is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxy-terminus of Pup and the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein.


oligosaccharide binding

description: Binding to an oligosaccharide, a molecule with between two and (about) 20 monosaccharide residues connected by glycosidic linkages.


name: thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by thrombin binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: regulation of thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathway activity. A thrombin receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a thrombin-activated receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


name: negative regulation of thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of thrombin-activated receptor protein signaling pathway activity. A thrombin receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a thrombin-activated receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


name: positive regulation of thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of thrombin-activated receptor protein signaling pathway activity. A thrombin receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a thrombin-activated receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 7,8-dihydroneopterin triphosphate + H2O = 6-carboxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropterin + triphosphate + acetaldehyde + 2 H+.


description: The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-1 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


exosporium assembly

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation of an exosporium, the outermost layer of a bacterial endospore.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of poly-gamma-glutamate, a polymer of D- and/or L-glutamic acid residues linked by gamma-peptidyl bonds.


name: capsule poly-gamma-glutamate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of poly-gamma-glutamate, a polymer of D- and/or L-glutamic acid residues linked by gamma-peptidyl bonds, that forms all or part of a bacterial capsule.


name: selenium-containing prosthetic group metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a prosthetic group that contains selenium, as in the selenium-dependent molybdenum hydroxylases. The selenium atom in the prosthetic group is required for enzymatic function but is labile to a variety of treatments.


name: selenium-containing prosthetic group biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a prosthetic group that contains selenium, as in the selenium-dependent molybdenum hydroxylases. The selenium atom in the prosthetic group is required for enzymatic function but is labile to a variety of treatments.


pollen coat

description: A layer of extracellular matrix deposited onto the surface of the pollen wall upon disintegration of the tapetal layer of the anther wall in the late stages of pollen development. The composition of this material is highly heterogeneous and includes waxes, lipid droplets, small aromatic molecules, and proteins. The pollen coat is proposed to have many functions, such as holding pollen in the anther until dispersal, facilitation of pollen dispersal, protection of pollen from water loss and UV radiation, and facilitation of adhesion of pollen to the stigma.


name: high-density lipoprotein particle receptor activity

description: Combining with a high-density lipoprotein particle and delivering the high-density lipoprotein into the cell via endocytosis.


name: regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising microtubules and their associated proteins.


cholesterol import

description: The directed movement of cholesterol into a cell or organelle.


calcium ion import

description: The directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle.


death domain binding

description: Binding to a death domain of a protein. The death domain (DD) is a homotypic protein interaction module composed of a bundle of six alpha-helices. DD bind each other forming oligomers. Some DD-containing proteins are involved in the regulation of apoptosis and inflammation through their activation of caspases and NF-kappaB.


SRF-myogenin-E12 complex

description: A transcription factor complex that contains the serum response factor (SRF) and the basic helix-loop-helix proteins myogenin and E12, and is involved in activating transcription of muscle-specific genes.


alphaIIb-beta3 integrin-talin complex

description: A protein complex that consists of an alphaIIb-beta3 integrin complex bound to talin.


CAK-ERCC2 complex

description: A protein complex formed by the association of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase activating kinase (CAK) holoenzyme complex with ERCC2.


DNA replication factor C core complex

description: A protein complex containing three of the five subunits of eukaryotic replication factor C, those corresponding to human p40, p38, and p37.


alpha4-beta1 integrin-CD53 complex

description: A protein complex that consists of an alpha4-beta1 integrin complex bound to membrane protein CD53, a member of the tetraspan family.


alpha4-beta1 integrin-CD63 complex

description: A protein complex that consists of an alpha4-beta1 integrin complex bound to membrane protein CD63, a member of the tetraspan family.


alpha4-beta1 integrin-CD81 complex

description: A protein complex that consists of an alpha4-beta1 integrin complex bound to membrane protein CD81, a member of the tetraspan family.


alpha4-beta1 integrin-CD82 complex

description: A protein complex that consists of an alpha4-beta1 integrin complex bound to membrane protein CD82, a member of the tetraspan family.


ERCC4-ERCC1 complex

description: A heterodimeric nucleotide-excision repair complex that has endonuclease activity specific for bubble structures characteristic of certain DNA lesions. The subunits are known as XPF/ERCC4 and ERCC1 in mammals, and Rad1p and Rad10p in S. cerevisiae.


name: 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an 11-beta-hydroxysteroid + NAD+ = an 11-oxosteroid + NADH + H+.


name: 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an 11-beta-hydroxysteroid + NADP+ = an 11-oxosteroid + NADPH + H+.


name: tRNA threonylcarbamoyladenosine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving tRNA threonylcarbamoyladenosine, a modified nucleoside found in some tRNA molecules.


platelet aggregation

description: The adhesion of one platelet to one or more other platelets via adhesion molecules.


protein kinase C signaling

description: A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase C, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound.


L-tryptophan aminotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from L-tryptophan to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid.


name: K63-linked polyubiquitin modification-dependent protein binding

description: Binding to a protein upon poly-ubiquitination formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 63 in the target protein.


BRCA1-A complex

description: A protein complex that contains the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer, RAP80/UIMC1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BRE/BRCC45, FAM175A/CCDC98/Abraxas and MERIT40/NBA1, and specifically recognizes and binds K63-linked polyubiquitin chains present on histone H2A and H2AX at DNA damage sites.


BRCA1-B complex

description: A protein complex that contains the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer, BACH1 and TopBP1, and binds to DNA during S phase at DNA damage sites.


BRCA1-C complex

description: A protein complex that contains the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer, CtIP and Mre11/Rad50/NBS1 (M/R/N) complex, and binds to DNA at DNA damage sites. BRCA1-C binding ta damaged DNA is required for DNA damage-induced Chk1 phosphorylation and the G2/M transition checkpoint.


protein K63-linked ubiquitination

description: A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 63 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K63-linked ubiquitination does not target the substrate protein for degradation, but is involved in several pathways, notably as a signal to promote error-free DNA postreplication repair.


protein K63-linked deubiquitination

description: A protein deubiquitination process in which a K63-linked ubiquitin chain, i.e. a polymer of ubiquitin formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 63 of the ubiquitin monomers, is removed from a protein.


oleic acid binding

description: Binding to oleic acid, the 18-carbon monounsaturated fatty acid (9Z)-octadec-9-enoic acid.


linoleic acid binding

description: Binding to linoleic acid, the 18-carbon unsaturated fatty acid (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid.


stearic acid binding

description: Binding to stearic acid, the 18-carbon saturated fatty acid octadecanoic acid.


response to platinum ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a platinum stimulus.


response to fatty acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a fatty acid stimulus.


response to linoleic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a linoleic acid stimulus.


PeBoW complex

description: A protein complex that is involved in coordinating ribosome biogenesis with cell cycle progression. In human, it is composed of Pes1, Bop1, and WDR12; in Saccharomyces the proteins are known as Nop7p, Erb1 and Ytm1 respectively.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from L-phenylalanine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid.


L-tyrosine aminotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from L-tyrosine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid.


L-glutamine aminotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from L-glutamine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid.


name: siRNA-mediated gene silencing by inhibition of translation

description: An siRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing pathway that blocks the translation of target mRNAs into proteins. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), an siRNA will typically mediate repression of translation if the siRNA perfectly complements elements located in the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs.


rDNA chromatin condensation

description: The process in which the chromatin structure of the rDNA repeats is compacted. In S. cerevisiae, condensation and resolution of the rDNA occurs during anaphase.


name: endoribonuclease activity, cleaving siRNA-paired mRNA

description: Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA in a double-stranded RNA molecule formed by the base pairing of an mRNA with an siRNA, yielding 5'-phosphomonoesters.


BRISC complex

description: A protein complex that contains the FAM175B/ABRO1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BRE/BRCC45 and MERIT40/NBA1 proteins, and specifically cleaves K63-linked polyubiquitin chains.


nicotinic acid receptor activity

description: Combining with nicotinic acid to initiate a change in cell activity.


description: A SNARE complex that contains synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 3, and a complexin (or orthologs thereof).


response to interleukin-1

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-1 stimulus.


name: TAF4B-containing transcription factor TFIID complex

description: A transcription factor TFIID complex that contains the TBP-associated factor TAF4B (also known as TAFII105 in human), a cell-type-specific variant of TAF4.


PCNA-p21 complex

description: A protein complex that contains the cyclin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 bound to PCNA; formation of the complex inhibits DNA replication.


alphaM-beta2 integrin-CD63 complex

description: A protein complex that consists of an alphaM-beta2 integrin complex bound to membrane protein CD63, a member of the tetraspan family.


lysosomal multienzyme complex

description: A protein complex found in the lysosome that contains beta-galactosidase, cathepsin A, alpha-neuraminidase and N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase, and is involved in glycosaminoglycan catabolism.


protein secretion by platelet

description: The regulated release of proteins by a platelet or group of platelets.


vitamin D receptor signaling pathway

description: A nuclear receptor-mediated signaling pathway initiated by vitamin D binding to an intracellular receptor of the nuclear receptor protein family, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: regulation of vitamin D receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of vitamin D receptor signaling pathway activity.


name: negative regulation of vitamin D receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the vitamin D receptor signaling pathway activity.


name: positive regulation of vitamin D receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vitamin D receptor signaling pathway activity.


telomere-telomerase complex

description: A complex of DNA and protein located at the end of a linear chromosome that enables replication of the telomeric repeat sequences at the end of a linear chromosome.


adenylyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an adenylyl group to an acceptor.


cytidylyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a cytidylyl group to an acceptor.


guanylyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a guanylyl group to an acceptor.


uridylyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of an uridylyl group to an acceptor.


name: regulation of neuron projection regeneration

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection regeneration, the regrowth of neuronal processes such as axons or dendrites following their loss or damage.


name: negative regulation of neuron projection regeneration

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of neuron projection regeneration, the regrowth of neuronal processes such as axons or dendrites following their loss or damage.


name: positive regulation of neuron projection regeneration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neuron projection regeneration, the regrowth of neuronal processes such as axons or dendrites following their loss or damage.


metallodipeptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions.


cadmium ion transmembrane transport

description: A process in which a cadmium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: peptide mating pheromone maturation involved in regulation of pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation

description: The formation of a mature peptide mating pheromone by proteolysis and/or modification of a peptide precursor, occurring in the context of pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation.


vitamin D 24-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydroxylation of C-24 of any form of vitamin D.


lysine-acetylated histone binding

description: Binding to a histone in which a lysine residue has been modified by acetylation.


RISC-loading complex

description: A trimeric protein complex required for the formation of a mature RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). In humans the complex is composed of the endonuclease Dicer (DICER1), TRBP (TARBP2) and the Argonaute protein Ago2 (EIF2C2/AGO2). Within the complex, Dicer and TRBP are required to process precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) to mature miRNAs and then load them onto Ago2. Ago2 bound to the mature miRNA constitutes the minimal RISC and may subsequently dissociate from Dicer and TRBP. This complex has endoribonuclease activity.


5-methylcytosine dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methylcytosine (5mC) in DNA + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in DNA + succinate + CO2. This reaction is the first step in the removal of cytosine methylated on position 5 in double-stranded DNA. This activity can iteratively oxidize 5hmC to 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and to 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC).


base J metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving base J (beta-D-glucosyl-hydroxymethyluracil), a hypermodified thymidine residue found in the genome of kinetoplastid parasites. This modified base is localized primarily to repetitive DNA, namely the telomeres, and is implicated in the regulation of antigenic variation. The base is synthesized in a two-step pathway. Initially, a thymidine residue in DNA is hydroxylated by a thymidine hydroxylase (TH) to form the intermediate hydroxymethyluracil, which is then glucosylated to form base J.


rolling circle DNA replication

description: A DNA-dependent DNA replication process in which a single-stranded DNA molecule is synthesized from a circular duplex template. Replication typically does not cease when one circumference has been replicated, but continues around the circumference several more times, producing a long single strand comprising multimers of the replicon.


theta DNA replication

description: A DNA-dependent DNA replication process in which a double-stranded DNA molecule is synthesized from a circular duplex template.


spore membrane bending pathway

description: The process in which a bending force is generated in the prospore membrane to form the characteristic curved shape of the prospore.


protein localization to mitochondrion

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the mitochondrion.


name: cell-cell adhesion involved in gastrulation

description: The attachment of one cell to another cell affecting gastrulation.


name: regulation of cell-cell adhesion involved in gastrulation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell affecting gastrulation.


calcium ion transmembrane transport

description: A process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


spore wall biogenesis

description: A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a spore wall. A spore wall is the specialized cell wall lying outside the cell membrane of a spore.


ascospore wall biogenesis

description: A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of an ascospore wall.


name: cell wall polysaccharide biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polysaccharide destined to form part of a cell wall.


dendrite self-avoidance

description: The process in which dendrites recognize and avoid contact with sister dendrites from the same cell.


name: juvenile hormone response element binding

description: Binding to a juvenile hormone response element (JHRE), a conserved sequence found in the promoters of genes whose expression is regulated in response to juvenile hormone.


(1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


name: cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


name: cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


name: fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores.


name: fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in fungal-type cell walls, including those of ascospores.


centromeric sister chromatid cohesion

description: The cell cycle process in which the sister chromatids of a replicated chromosome are joined along the length of the centromeric region of the chromosome.


name: regulation of centromeric sister chromatid cohesion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid cohesion in the centromeric region of a chromosome.


SWI/SNF superfamily-type complex

description: A protein complex that contains an ortholog of the Saccharomyces ATPase Swi2/Snf2 as one of the catalytic subunit components (ATPase) and mediates assembly of nucleosomes, changes to the spacing or structure of nucleosomes, or some combination of those activities in a manner that requires ATP.


name: regulation of (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


name: regulation of (1->3)-alpha-glucan biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


name: regulation of cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


name: regulation of cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


name: regulation of fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores.


name: regulation of fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-alpha glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in fungal-type cell walls, including those of ascospores.


histone H3R2 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (histone H3)-arginine (position 2) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (histone H3)-N-methyl-arginine (position 2). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the arginine residue at position 2 of histone H3.


name: histone H2AR3 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (histone H2A)-arginine (position 3) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (histone H2A)-N-methyl-arginine (position 3). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group to the arginine residue at position 3 of histone H2A.


regulation of protein processing

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein processing, a protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein.


tungstate ion transport

description: The directed movement of tungstate (WO4 2-) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Tungstate is a bivalent oxoanion of tungsten.


name: regulation of thiamine diphosphate biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thiamine diphosphate.


name: negative regulation of thiamine diphosphate biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thiamine diphosphate.


Grb2-Sos complex

description: A protein complex that contains Grb2 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos (or an ortholog thereof, such as mSos1), and is involved in linking EGFR activation to the p21-Ras pathway.


Shc-Grb2-Sos complex

description: A protein complex that contains Grb2, the adaptor protein Shc and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos (or an ortholog thereof, such as mSos1), and is involved in linking EGFR activation to the p21-Ras pathway.


EGFR-Grb2-Sos complex

description: A protein complex that contains the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Grb2 and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos (or an ortholog thereof, such as mSos1), and is involved in linking EGFR activation to the p21-Ras pathway.


EGFR-Shc-Grb2-Sos complex

description: A protein complex that contains the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Grb2, the adaptor protein SHC and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Sos (or an ortholog thereof, such as mSos1), and is involved in linking EGFR activation to the p21-Ras pathway.


description: A protein complex that possesses UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-lysosomal-enzyme N-acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase activity; the bovine complex contains disulfide-linked homodimers of 166- and 51-kDa subunits and two identical, noncovalently associated 56-kDa subunits.


name: regulation of thiamine biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thiamine.


name: negative regulation of thiamine biosynthetic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thiamine.


zymogen granule exocytosis

description: The release of intracellular molecules contained within the zymogen granule by fusion of the granule with the plasma membrane of the oocyte, requiring calcium ions.


name: (S)-2-(5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido) succinate lyase (fumarate-forming) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-(5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido)succinate = fumarate + 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide.


proteasome binding

description: Binding to a proteasome, a large multisubunit protein complex that catalyzes protein degradation.


(1->4)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->4)-alpha-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->4)-alpha-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


spindle pole body localization

description: Any process in which a spindle pole body is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. A spindle pole body is a type of microtubule organizing center found in fungal cells.


transepithelial transport

description: The directed movement of a substance from one side of an epithelium to the other.


transepithelial ammonium transport

description: The directed movement of ammonium ions from one side of an epithelium to the other.


name: nicotinamide riboside hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: nicotinamide riboside + H2O = nicotinamide + D-ribose.


name: nicotinic acid riboside hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: nicotinic acid riboside + H2O = nicotinic acid + D-ribose.


pyridine nucleoside metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any pyridine nucleoside, a nucleoside in which a pyridine base covalently bonded to a sugar, usually ribose.


pyridine nucleoside catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any pyridine nucleoside, a nucleoside in which a pyridine base covalently bonded to a sugar, usually ribose.


vitamin D2 metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamin D2, (3S,5Z,7E,22E)-9,10-secoergosta-5,7,10(19),22-tetraen-3-ol.


vitamin D3 metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamin D3, (3S,5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-trien-3-ol.


vitamin D4 metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamin D4, (3S,5Z,7E)-9,10-secoergosta-5,7,10(19)-trien-3-ol.


vitamin D5 metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamin D5, (1S,3Z)-3-[(2E)-2-[(1R,3aS,7aR)-1-[(1R,4S)-4-ethyl-1,5-dimethylhexyl]-7a-methyl-2,3,3a,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-inden-4-ylidene]ethylidene]-4-methylene-1-cyclohexanol.


vitamin D 25-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydroxylation of C-25 of any form of vitamin D.


vitamin D response element binding

description: Binding to a vitamin D response element (VDRE), a short sequence with dyad symmetry found in the promoters of some of the cellular immediate-early genes, regulated by serum.


Ubisch body

description: A small, granular structure that is found in the extracellular matrix of cell of the secretory tapetal layer that surrounds developing pollen grains. Ubisch bodies have a sporopollenin coat, are attached to the peritapetal wall, and may play a role in pollen development.


name: protein modification by small protein removal

description: A protein modification process in which one or more covalently attached groups of a small protein, such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein, are removed from a target protein.


name: protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal

description: A protein modification process in which one or more groups of a small protein, such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein, are covalently attached to or removed from a target protein.


formin-nucleated actin cable

description: An actin filament bundle that consists of short filaments organized into bundles of uniform polarity, and is nucleated by formins. In fungal cells, myosin motors transport cargo along actin cables toward sites of polarized cell growth; actin cables may play a similar role in pollen tube growth.


formin-nucleated actin cable assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a formin-nucleated actin cable. A formin-nucleated actin cable is an actin filament bundle that consists of short filaments organized into bundles of uniform polarity, and is nucleated by formins.


actin filament bundle distribution

description: Any cellular process that establishes the spatial arrangement of actin filament bundles within the cell.


nonfunctional rRNA decay

description: An rRNA catabolic process that results in the targeted detection and degradation of aberrant rRNAs contained within translationally defective ribosomes, thereby acting as a quality-control system.


HAUS complex

description: A protein complex that localizes to interphase centrosomes and to mitotic spindle tubules and regulates mitotic spindle assembly and centrosome integrity; in human, the complex consists of eight subunits, some of which are homologous to subunits of the Drosophila Augmin complex.


name: high-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding

description: Binding to a high-density lipoprotein receptor.


sensory epithelium regeneration

description: The regrowth of a sensory epithelium following its loss or destruction.


mechanosensory epithelium regeneration

description: The regrowth of lost or destroyed mechanosensory epithelia.


name: mechanoreceptor differentiation involved in mechanosensory epithelium regeneration

description: Differentiation of new mechanoreceptors to replace those lost or destroyed by injury.


neuromast regeneration

description: The regrowth of a neuromast following its loss or destruction.


name: neuromast hair cell differentiation involved in neuromast regeneration

description: Differentiation of new neuromast sensory hair cells to replace those lost or destroyed by injury.


name: inner ear sensory epithelium regeneration

description: The regrowth of lost or destroyed inner ear sensory epithelia.


name: inner ear receptor cell differentiation involved in inner ear sensory epithelium regeneration

description: Differentiation of new inner ear sensory hair cells to replace those lost or destroyed by injury.


leukocyte proliferation

description: The expansion of a leukocyte population by cell division.


mast cell proliferation

description: The expansion of a mast cell population by cell division.


regulation of leukocyte proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte proliferation.


name: negative regulation of leukocyte proliferation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte proliferation.


name: positive regulation of leukocyte proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte proliferation.


regulation of mast cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mast cell proliferation.


name: negative regulation of mast cell proliferation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of mast cell proliferation.


name: positive regulation of mast cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of mast cell proliferation.


response to interleukin-2

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-2 stimulus.


response to interleukin-4

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-4 stimulus.


response to interleukin-12

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-12 stimulus.


response to interleukin-15

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-15 stimulus.


response to interleukin-18

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-18 stimulus.


hypoxanthine dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: hypoxanthine + NAD+ + H2O = xanthine + NADH + H+.


hypoxanthine oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: hypoxanthine + H2O + O2 = xanthine + H2O2.


intralumenal vesicle formation

description: The invagination of the endosome membrane and resulting formation of a vesicle within the lumen of the endosome.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing 2'-O-methylcytosine.


preprotein binding

description: Binding to a preprotein, the unprocessed form of a protein destined to undergo co- or post-translational processing.


inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate binding

description: Binding to inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate.


name: asparaginyl-tRNAAsn biosynthesis via transamidation

description: A tRNA aminoacylation process in which asparaginyl-tRNAAsn is formed by a tRNA-dependent two-step pathway. In the first step a non-discriminating aspartyl-tRNA synthetase generates the misacylated L-aspartyl-tRNAAsn species, and in the second step it is amidated to the correctly charged L-asparaginyl-tRNAAsn by the heterotrimeric aspartyl-tRNAAsn amidotransferase.


name: glutaminyl-tRNAGln biosynthesis via transamidation

description: A tRNA aminoacylation process in which glutaminyl-tRNAGln is formed by a tRNA-dependent two-step pathway. In the first step a non-discriminating glutamyl-tRNAGlx synthetase generates the misacylated L-glutamyl-tRNAGln species, and in the second step it is amidated to the correctly charged L-glutaminyl-tRNAGln by a glutamyl-tRNAGln amidotransferase.


proteasome regulatory particle assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a mature, active proteasome regulatory particle complex.


seminal clot liquefaction

description: The reproductive process in which coagulated semen becomes liquid following ejaculation, allowing the progressive release of motile spermatozoa.


macropinocytic cup

description: A cell projection that forms at the site of macropinocytosis, a form of endocytosis that results in the uptake of relatively large amounts of extracellular fluid. The macropinocytic cup membrane selectively excludes certain proteins, such as H36 or PM4C4 in Dictyostelium, and the underlying cytoskeleton is enriched in F-actin and coronin.


macropinocytic cup membrane

description: The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a macropinocytic cup.


macropinocytic cup cytoskeleton

description: The part of the cortical actin cytoskeleton that forms part of a macropinocytic cup.


name: L-threonine catabolic process to propionate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) to form the compound propionate.


name: L-threonine catabolic process to acetyl-CoA

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-threonine (the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid) into glycine and acetaldehyde, with acetaldehyde being subsequently converted to acetyl-CoA.


P-TEFb complex

description: A dimeric positive transcription elongation factor complex b that comprises a cyclin-dependent kinase containing the catalytic subunit, Cdk9, and a regulatory subunit, cyclin T.


CTDK-1 complex

description: A positive transcription elongation factor complex that comprises the CDK kinase CTK1 (in budding yeast), Lsk1 (in fission yeast) (corresponding to the Panther PTHR24056:SF39 family), a cyclin and an additional gamma subunit (corresponding to the InterPRO entry IPR024638).


P-TEFb-cap methyltransferase complex

description: A protein complex that is formed by the association of positive transcription elongation factor complex b (P-TEFb) with the mRNA capping methyltransferase.


name: deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate N-glycosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate + H2O = deoxyribose 5-monophosphate + a purine or pyrimidine base.


FHF complex

description: A protein complex that is composed of AKTIP/FTS, FAM160A2/p107FHIP, and one or more members of the Hook family of proteins, HOOK1, HOOK2, and HOOK3. The complex is thought to promote vesicle trafficking and/or fusion, and associates with the homotypic vesicular sorting complex (the HOPS complex).


name: transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase binding

description: Binding to a receptor that spans a cell membrane and possesses protein serine/threonine kinase activity.


activin receptor binding

description: Binding to an activin receptor.


type I activin receptor binding

description: Binding to a type I activin receptor.


type II activin receptor binding

description: Binding to a type II activin receptor.


BMP receptor binding

description: Binding to a BMP receptor.


mucus layer

description: An extracellular region part that consists of a protective layer of mucus secreted by epithelial cells lining tubular organs of the body such as the colon or secreted into fluids such as saliva. Mucus is a viscous slimy secretion consisting of mucins (i.e. highly glycosylated mucin proteins) and various inorganic salts dissolved in water, with suspended epithelial cells and leukocytes.


inner mucus layer

description: The inner of two mucus layers secreted by epithelial cells in the colon; the inner mucus layer is firmly attached to the epithelium, is densely packed with a compact stratified appearance and is devoid of bacteria.


outer mucus layer

description: The outer of two mucus layers secreted by epithelial cells in the colon; the outer mucus layer is loosely packed and can be colonized by bacteria.


sterol desaturase activity

description: Catalysis of the introduction of a double bond into a sterol molecule.


RNA nucleotide insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of one or more nucleotides.


RNA nucleotide deletion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by removal of a single nucleotide.


RNA dinucleotide insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of a dinucleotide.


RNA cytidine insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of a cytidine nucleotide.


RNA guanosine insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of a guanosine nucleotide.


RNA uridine deletion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by removal of a uridine nucleotide.


RNA adenosine-uridine insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of an adenosine-uridine dinucleotide.


RNA cytidine-uridine insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of an cytidine-uridine dinucleotide.


RNA guanosine-cytidine insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of an guanosine-cytidine dinucleotide.


RNA guanosine-uridine insertion

description: The modification of an RNA molecule by insertion of an guanosine-uridine insertion dinucleotide.


name: sodium-dependent organic cation transport

description: The directed, sodium-dependent, movement of organic cations into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: mismatch repair involved in maintenance of fidelity involved in DNA-dependent DNA replication

description: A mismatch repair process that corrects errors introduced that ensures the accuracy of DNA replication.


poly-purine tract binding

description: Binding to a stretch of purines (adenine or guanine) in an RNA molecule.


alphaPDGFR-SHP-2 complex

description: A protein complex that contains the platelet-derived growth factor alpha receptor (alphaPDGFR; PDGFRA) and the adaptor protein SHP-2, and is involved signaling via the PDGFR signaling pathway.


description: A protein complex that contains the platelet-derived growth factor alpha receptor (alphaPDGFR; PDGFRA), phospholipase C-gamma-1 (PLC-gamma-1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the adaptor protein SHP-2, and is involved signaling via the PDGFR signaling pathway.


Grb2-SHP-2 complex

description: A protein complex that contains the receptor adaptor proteins Grb2 and SHP-2, and is involved signaling via the PDGFR signaling pathway.


ISGF3 complex

description: A transcription factor complex that consists of a Stat1-Stat2 heterodimer and the IRF9 protein.


Tle3-Aes complex

description: A transcriptional repressor complex that consists of a heterodimer of the proteins Tle3 (also known as Grg3b) and Aes (Grg5), which are homologs of the Drosophila groucho gene product.


response to cholesterol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholesterol stimulus.


BMP receptor complex

description: A protein complex that acts as a receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs); a homo- or heterodimer of type I and/or type II BMP receptor subunits.


Yb body

description: A cytoplasmic part that appears as an electron-dense sphere of around 1.5 micron diameter containing Yb protein found in somatic cells of ovary and testis. There are one to two Yb bodies per cell.


cell wall assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cell wall. A cell wall is a rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal, and most prokaryotic cells.


cellular macromolecule localization

description: Any process in which a macromolecule is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location at the level of a cell. Localization at the cellular level encompasses movement within the cell, from within the cell to the cell surface, or from one location to another at the surface of a cell.


L-leucine binding

description: Binding to L-leucine, 2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid.


cyclic nucleotide transport

description: The directed movement of a cyclic nucleotide, any nucleotide in which phosphate group is in diester linkage to two positions on the sugar residue, into, out of or within a cell.


cAMP transport

description: The directed movement of cyclic AMP (cAMP), into, out of or within a cell.


cGMP transport

description: The directed movement of cyclic GMP (cGMP), into, out of or within a cell.


spindle envelope

description: An organelle envelope that surrounds the chromosomes and the central part of the spindle apparatus during mitosis and meiosis; observed in many invertebrates. The spindle envelope consists of membrane layers, called parafusorial membranes, derived from endoplasmic reticulum membrane; in male meiosis it forms during prometaphase and persists until early in the ensuing interphase.


AMPylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + protein = diphosphate + adenylyl-protein; mediates the addition of an adenylyl (adenosine 5'-monophosphate; AMP group) to L-serine, L-threonine, and L-tyrosine residues in target proteins.


protein-glycine ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + glycine + L-glutamyl-[protein] = ADP + glycyl-L-glutamyl-[protein] + H+ + phosphate.


name: protein-glycine ligase activity, initiating

description: Catalysis of the posttranslational transfer of a glycine residue to the gamma-carboxyl group(s) of one or more specific glutamate residues on a target protein.


name: protein-glycine ligase activity, elongating

description: Catalysis of the posttranslational transfer of one or more glycine residues to a glycine residue covalently attached to the gamma-carboxyl group of a glutamate residue on a target protein, resulting in the elongation of a polyglycine side chain.


tubulin-glycine ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the posttranslational transfer of one or more glycine residues to a specific glutamate residue on a target tubulin molecule; acts on alpha or beta tubulin.


protein-glutamic acid ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the posttranslational transfer of one or more glutamate residues to a specific residue on a target protein.


tubulin-glutamic acid ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the posttranslational transfer of one or more glutamate residues to the gamma-carboxyl group(s) of one or more specific glutamate residues on a tubulin molecule.


response to interleukin-6

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-6 stimulus.


C2H2 zinc finger domain binding

description: Binding to a C2H2-type zinc finger domain of a protein. The C2H2 zinc finger is the classical zinc finger domain, in which two conserved cysteines and histidines co-ordinate a zinc ion.


interleukin-23 complex

description: A protein complex that is composed of an interleukin-23 alpha (p19, product of the IL23A gene) and an interleukin-12 beta (p40, product of the IL12B gene) subunit and is secreted into the extracellular space.


interleukin-27 complex

description: A protein complex that is composed of an interleukin-27p28 subunit (product of the IL27 gene) and an EBI3 subunit and is secreted into the extracellular space.


interleukin-35 complex

description: A protein complex that is composed of an interleukin-12 alpha subunit (p35, product of the IL12A gene) and an EBI3 subunit and is secreted into the extracellular space.


interleukin-35 binding

description: Binding to interleukin-35.


interleukin-35 receptor activity

description: Combining with interleukin-35 and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


interleukin-35 receptor binding

description: Binding to an interleukin-35 receptor.


interleukin-35 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-35 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


regulation of interleukin-35 production

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-35 production.


name: negative regulation of interleukin-35 production

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-35 production.


name: positive regulation of interleukin-35 production

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-35 production.


description: The series of molecular signals initiated by interleukin-35 binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: regulation of interleukin-35-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of an interleukin-35-mediated signaling pathway.


name: negative regulation of interleukin-35-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of an interleukin-35-mediated signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of interleukin-35-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of an interleukin-35-mediated signaling pathway.


pre-snoRNP complex

description: A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains a precursor small nucleolar RNA (pre-snoRNA) and associated proteins, and forms during small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex (snoRNP) assembly. Pre-snoRNP complexes may contain proteins not found in the corresponding mature snoRNP complexes.


nuclear pore transmembrane ring

description: A subcomplex of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) that spans the nuclear membrane and anchors the NPC to the nuclear envelope. In S. cerevisiae, the transmembrane ring is composed of Pom152p, Pom34p, and Ndc1p. In vertebrates, it is composed of Gp210, Ndc1, and Pom121. Components are arranged in 8-fold symmetrical 'spokes' around the central transport channel. A single 'spoke', can be isolated and is sometime referred to as the Ndc1 complex.


Delta1 complex

description: A protein complex that consists of homodimer of the Notch ligand Delta1.


gamma-secretase-Delta1 complex

description: A protein complex that is formed by the association of the Notch ligand Delta1 with the gamma-secretase complex.


gamma-secretase complex

description: A protein complex that has aspartic-type endopeptidase activity and contains a presenilin catalytic subunit (either PSEN1 or PSEN2), an APH1 subunit (multiple genes and splice variants exist), nicastrin (NCT), and presenilin enhancer (aka PEN-2 or Psenen), as the core complex. Variants of the complex with different subunit compositions differ in localization and specific substrates. Additionally, variants of the complex exist that contain a additional regulatory subunit as well as the four core subunits; known regulatory subunits include gamma-secretase-activating protein (aka gSAP), TMP1 (aka TMED10), and CD147 antigen (aka basigin). Gamma-secretase cleaves type I transmembrane protein substrates, including the cell surface receptor Notch and the amyloid-beta precursor protein.


description: A SNARE complex that contains endobrevin (VAMP8), synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), alpha-SNAP, NSF, and syntaxin 4 (or orthologs thereof).


BRCA1-Rad51 complex

description: A protein complex that contains BRCA1 and Rad 51, and is involved in the control of recombination and of genome integrity.


description: A SNARE complex that contains synaptotagmin, synaptobrevin 2 (VAMP2), SNAP-25, syntaxin 1a, syntaxin1b, and Unc13b (or orthologs thereof).


alphaIIb-beta3 integrin-CIB complex

description: A protein complex that consists of an alphaIIb-beta3 integrin complex bound to CIB, a protein that binds calcium as well as the alphaIIb-beta3 integrin.


description: A protein complex that consists of an alphaIIb-beta3 integrin complex bound to the cell surface antigen CD47 and the kinase FAK.


description: A protein complex that consists of an alphaIIb-beta3 integrin complex bound to the cell surface antigen CD47 and the kinase c-Src.


PAS complex

description: A phosphatidylinositol kinase complex that contains a phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase subunit (Fab1p in yeast; PIKFYVE in mammals), a kinase activator, and a phosphatase, and may also contain additional proteins; it is involved in regulating the synthesis and turnover of phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate. In mammals the complex is composed of PIKFYVE, FIG4 and VAC14. In yeast it is composed of Atg18p, Fig4p, Fab1p, Vac14p and Vac7p.


name: protein-N-terminal glutamine amidohydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-terminal L-glutaminyl-[protein] + H2O = N-terminal L-glutamyl-[protein] + NH3. This reaction is the deamidation of an N-terminal glutamine residue of a protein.


phytoceramidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a phytoceramide + H2O = a fatty acid + phytosphingosine.


H3 histone acetyltransferase complex

description: A multisubunit complex that catalyzes the acetylation of histone H3.


name: MOZ/MORF histone acetyltransferase complex

description: A histone acetyltransferase complex that has histone H3 acetyltransferase and coactivator activities. Subunits of the human complex include MYST3/MOZ, MYST4/MORF, ING5, EAF6 and one of BRPF1, BRD1/BRPF2 and BRPF3.


D-aspartate transmembrane transport

description: The process in which D-aspartate, the D-enantiomer of the anion of (2R)-2-aminobutanedioic acid  is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


L-aspartate transmembrane transport

description: The directed movement of L-aspartate across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or a pore.


name: D-aspartate import across plasma membrane

description: The directed import of D-aspartate from the extracellular region across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate + H2O = dihydrosphingosine + phosphate.


response to biotin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotin stimulus.


name: phosphatidylserine exposure on apoptotic cell surface

description: A phospholipid scrambling process that results in the appearance of phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane of an apoptotic cell, which acts as an 'eat-me' signal for engulfing cells. Phosphatidylserine is exposed on the apoptotic cell surface by a phospholipid scramblase activity.


name: growth of unicellular organism as a thread of attached cells

description: A filamentous growth process in which cells remain attached after division and form thread-like filaments that may penetrate into a solid growth medium such as an agar plate, exhibited by unicellular fungi under certain growth conditions.


name: regulation of growth of unicellular organism as a thread of attached cells

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which cells remain attached after division and form thread-like filaments that may penetrate into a solid growth medium.


name: negative regulation of growth of unicellular organism as a thread of attached cells

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which cells remain attached after division and form thread-like filaments that may penetrate into a solid growth medium.


name: positive regulation of growth of unicellular organism as a thread of attached cells

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which cells remain attached after division and form thread-like filaments that may penetrate into a solid growth medium.


conidiophore development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the conidiophore over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores.


conidiophore stalk development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the conidiophore stalk over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The conidiophore stalk is part of a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and supports structures from which conidia, or asexual spores, develop.


metula development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of metulae over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Metulae are elongated mononucleate cells that bud from the surface of the conidiophore tip.


phialide development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of phialides over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Phialides are specialized cells that bud from the ends of metulae on the conidiophore tip. Chains of conidia, or asexual spores, develop from the phialide tips.


cleistothecium development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cleistothecium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cleistothecium is a closed sexual fruiting body that contains ascospores in linear asci, characteristic of some filamentous Ascomycete fungi such as members of the genera Aspergillus and Emericella.


Hulle cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of Hulle cells over time, from their formation to the mature structures. Hulle cells are specialized multinucleate cells that originate from a nest-like aggregation of hyphae during sexual development and serve as nurse cells to the developing cleistothecium, or fruiting body.


regulation of conidiophore development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores.


name: negative regulation of conidiophore development

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores.


name: positive regulation of conidiophore development

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores.


name: regulation of cleistothecium development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cleistothecium development, a process that leads to the formation of a cleistothecium. The cleistothecium is a closed sexual fruiting body that contains ascospores in linear asci, characteristic of some filamentous Ascomycete fungi such as members of the genera Aspergillus and Emericella.


name: negative regulation of cleistothecium development

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cleistothecium development, a process that leads to the formation of a cleistothecium. The cleistothecium is a closed sexual fruiting body that contains ascospores in linear asci, characteristic of some filamentous Ascomycete fungi such as members of the genera Aspergillus and Emericella.


name: positive regulation of cleistothecium development

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cleistothecium development, a process that leads to the formation of a cleistothecium. The cleistothecium is a closed sexual fruiting body that contains ascospores in linear asci, characteristic of some filamentous Ascomycete fungi such as members of the genera Aspergillus and Emericella.