name: alcohol-forming very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA + NADPH + H+ = a very long-chain primary alcohol + NADP+ + CoA. A very long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing more than 22 carbons.


name: regulation of coenzyme A biosynthetic process

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzyme A.


response to benzoic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a benzoic acid stimulus.


primary root development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary root over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The primary root develops directly from the embryonic radicle.


indolebutyric acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving indolebutyric acid, a compound that serves as an active or storage form of the hormone indole-3-acetic acid (an auxin) in many plants.


category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Binding to phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate, a derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at the 3' and 5' positions.


response to indolebutyric acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an indolebutyric acid stimulus.


response to herbivore

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a herbivore.


nitrile biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nitrile, an organic compound containing trivalent nitrogen attached to one carbon atom.


name: cellular response to boron-containing substance levels

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of boron-containing substances.


name: methyl indole-3-acetate esterase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: methyl indole-3-acetate + H2O = indole-3-acetate + methanol + H+.


methyl salicylate esterase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: methyl salicylate + H2O = salicylic acid + methanol + H+.


methyl jasmonate esterase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a methyl jasmonate + H2O = a jasmonic acid + methanol.


response to nitrite

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nitrite stimulus.


name: host response to induction by symbiont of tumor, nodule or growth in host

description: Any process that results in a change in the state or activity of a host cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of the formation of an abnormal mass of cells in the host organism, induced by a symbiont. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: 2-hydroxy-but-3-enyl glucosinolate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of progoitrin, a 2-hydroxy-but-3-enyl glucosinolate. Glucosinolates are substituted thioglucosides found in rapeseed products and related cruciferae, and progoitrin has been implicated in causing goiters in mammals and bitter taste in cruciferous vegetables.


name: regulation of cytokinin-activated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cytokinin signaling.


name: negative regulation of cytokinin-activated signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytokinin signaling.


name: positive regulation of cytokinin-activated signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytokinin signaling.


name: positive regulation of cellular response to phosphate starvation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to phosphate starvation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-ribose + H2O = AMP + ribose-1-phosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: ADP-glucose + H2O = AMP + glucose-1-phosphate.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of a glucosyl group from UDP-glucose to the 3-hydroxy group of a quercetin molecule.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of a glucosyl group from UDP-glucose to the 7-hydroxy group of a quercetin molecule.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of a glucosyl group from UDP-glucose to the 3'-hydroxy group of a quercetin molecule.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of a glucosyl group from UDP-glucose to the 4'-hydroxy group of a quercetin molecule.


GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-beta-L-galactose + phosphate = beta-L-galactose-1-phosphate + GDP.


GDP-D-glucose phosphorylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: GDP-alpha-D-glucose + phosphate = alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate + GDP.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-gulono-1,4-lactone + 2 ferricytochrome c = L-ascorbate + 2 ferrocytochrome c.


regulation of seed development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of seed development.


cutin transport

description: The directed movement of cutin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Cutin, which consists of C16-18 fatty acids, is the major component of the cuticle that covers the plant surface.


response to histidine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a histidine stimulus.


response to phenylalanine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a phenylalanine stimulus.


name: low-affinity nitrate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of nitrate ions (NO3-) from one side of a membrane to the other. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations.


petal vascular tissue pattern formation

description: Vascular tissue pattern formation as it occurs in the petal of vascular plants.


sepal vascular tissue pattern formation

description: Vascular tissue pattern formation as it occurs in the sepal of vascular plants.


protein deglutathionylation

description: The protein modification process in which a glutathione molecule is removed from a protein amino acid by breaking a disulfide linkage.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-arabinose + a flavonol = UDP + a flavonol 3-O-D-arabinoside.


integument development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the integument over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Integument is one of the layers of tissue that usually covers the ovule, enveloping the nucellus and forming the micropyle at the apex.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetonitrile + 2 H2O = indole-3-acetic acid + NH3.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 6-alkylaminopurine + UDP-D-glucose = 6-alkylamino-9-beta-D-glucosylpurine + H+ + UDP. This reaction is an N-glucosylation event.


description: A lipid oxidation process proceeding through a series of three successive monooxygenations of the alpha methyl group on the C4 carbon (CH3 to CH2OH to CHO to COOH) and resulting in this overall reaction: 4,4-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclopropylsterol + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ + 3 O2 = 4-alpha-carboxy, 4-beta-methyl-9beta,19-cyclopropylsterol + 3 NADP+ + 3 H2O.


4-alpha-methyl-delta7-sterol oxidation

description: A lipid oxidation process proceeding through a series of three successive monooxygenations of the alpha methyl group on the C4 carbon (CH3 to CH2OH to CHO to COOH) and resulting in this overall reaction: 4-alpha-methyl-delta7-sterol + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ + 3 O2 = 4-alpha-carboxy,delta7-sterol + 3 NADP+ + 3 H2O.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylthiopropyl-desulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = 3-methylthiopropyl-glucosinolate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methylthiobutyl-desulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = 4-methylthiobutyl-glucosinolate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methylthiopentyl-desulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = 5-methylthiopentyl-glucosinolate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 7-methylthioheptyl-desulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = 7-methylthioheptyl-glucosinolate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 8-methylthiooctyl-desulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = 8-methylthiooctyl-glucosinolate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: indol-3-yl-methyl-desulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = indol-3-yl-methyl-glucosinolate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


name: spermidine:sinapoyl CoA N-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a sinapoyl group to a nitrogen atom on the spermidine molecule.


name: spermidine:coumaroyl CoA N-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a coumaroyl group to a nitrogen atom on the spermidine molecule.


name: spermidine:caffeoyl CoA N-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a caffeoyl group to a nitrogen atom on the spermidine molecule.


name: spermidine:feruloyl CoA N-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a feruloyl group to a nitrogen atom on the spermidine molecule.


name: caffeoyl CoA:S-adenosyl-L-methionine O-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the oxygen atom of a caffeoyl CoA molecule.


name: trihydroxyferuloyl spermidine:S-adenosyl-L-methionine O-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the oxygen atom of a trihydroxyferuloyl spermidine molecule.


name: tricaffeoyl spermidine:S-adenosyl-L-methionine O-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the oxygen atom of a tricaffeoyl spermidine molecule.


cellobiose glucosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-cellobiose + H2O = 2 D-glucose.


description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of glucosidic link in 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside.


esculin beta-glucosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of glucosidic link in esculin.


description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of glucosidic link in beta-gentiobiose.


5S rDNA binding

description: Binding to a 5S rDNA sequence, encoding ribosomal 5S rRNA, which is individually transcribed by RNA polymerase III, rather than by RNA polymerase I, in species where it exists.


name: signal recognition particle, chloroplast targeting

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A complex consisting of a protein and RNA component which binds the signal sequence of some proteins and facilitates their export to the chloroplast.


stamen filament development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the filament over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Filament is the stalk of a stamen.


name: spermidine hydroxycinnamate conjugate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of spermidine hydroxycinnamate conjugates.


name: sinapoyl spermidine:sinapoyl CoA N-acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a sinapoyl group to a nitrogen atom on a sinapoyl spermidine molecule resulting in the formation of a disinapoyl spermidine derivative.


regulation of primary metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism involving those compounds formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism.


name: regulation of raffinose metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving raffinose.


regulation of pollen tube growth

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pollen tube growth.


regulation of photorespiration

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of photorespiration. Photorespiration is a light-dependent catabolic process occurring concomitantly with photosynthesis in plants (especially C3 plants) whereby dioxygen (O2) is consumed and carbon dioxide (CO2) is evolved.


response to trehalose-6-phosphate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a trehalose-6-phosphate stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylethanolamine + a sterol = a sterol ester + a lysophosphatidylethanolamine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidate + a sterol = a sterol ester + a lysophosphatidate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-tryptophan + pyruvate = 3-(indol-3-yl)pyruvate + L-alanine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + pyruvate = (4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-alanine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-methionine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-methylthio-2-oxobutyrate + L-glutamate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamine + 2-oxoglutarate = 2-oxoglutaramate + L-glutamate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphatidyl-N-dimethylethanolamine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + phosphatidylcholine.


name: 3-methylthiopropyl glucosinolate S-oxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylthiopropyl-glucosinolate = 3-methylsulfinylpropyl-glucosinolate.


name: 4-methylthiopropyl glucosinolate S-oxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-methylthiopropyl-glucosinolate = 4-methylsulfinylpropyl-glucosinolate.


name: 5-methylthiopropyl glucosinolate S-oxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methylthiopropyl-glucosinolate = 5-methylsulfinylpropyl-glucosinolate.


name: 6-methylthiopropyl glucosinolate S-oxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 6-methylthiopropyl-glucosinolate = 6-methylsulfinylpropyl-glucosinolate.


name: 7-methylthiopropyl glucosinolate S-oxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 7-methylthiopropyl-glucosinolate = 7-methylsulfinylpropyl-glucosinolate.


name: 8-methylthiopropyl glucosinolate S-oxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 8-methylthiopropyl-glucosinolate = 8-methylsulfinylpropyl-glucosinolate.


S-alkylthiohydroximate lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the conversion of a S-alkylthiohydroximate to a thiohydroximate.


name: indole-3-acetonitrile nitrile hydratase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetonitrile + H2O = indole-3-acetamide.


sporopollenin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sporopollenin, a primary constituent of the pollen exine layer.


seed growth

description: The increase in size or mass of a seed. A seed is a propagating organ formed in the reproductive cycle of a spermatophyte, derived from the ovule and enclosing an embryo.


regulation of seed growth

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of growth of the seed of an plant.


name: positive regulation of glycine hydroxymethyltransferase activity

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glycine hydroxymethyltransferase activity, the catalysis of the reaction 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = tetrahydrofolate + L-serine.


myosin XI tail binding

description: Binding to the tail region of a myosin XI heavy chain.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of glucuronate to the xylan backbone of glucuronoxylan molecule.


secondary growth

description: Lateral growth of a plant axis (shoot axis or root) that is an increase in thickness resulting from formation of secondary vascular tissues by the vascular cambium.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a brassinosteroid + 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate = sulfated brassinosteroid + adenosine-3',5'-diphosphate. This reaction is the transfer of a sulfate group to the hydroxyl group of a brassinosteroid acceptor, producing the sulfated brassinosteroid derivative.


ER body organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the formation of ER (endoplasmic reticulum) body. ER body is a compartment found in plant cells that is derived from the ER. The structures have a characteristic shape and size (10 mm long and 0.5 mm wide) and are surrounded with ribosomes. They have been found in Arabidopsis thaliana and related Brassicaceae species.


CAAX-box protein maturation

description: A series of specific posttranslational modifications to the CAAX box region of CAAX box proteins. CAAX box proteins are eukaryotic proteins that contain a CAAX motif where the C is a cysteine, the two A residues are aliphatic amino acids and the X can be one of several amino acids. The CAAX-box proteins undergo three sequential, enzymatic, post-translational modifications essential to their targeting: First, the proteins are prenylated by one of two prenyltransferases called farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase-I. Prenylation results in the covalent attachment of either farnesyl or geranylgeranyl isoprenoid groups to the cysteine in the CAAX box motif. Prenylation is followed by proteolytic removal of the last three amino acids of the protein (AAX). Finally, the newly exposed carboxylate group of the isoprenylcysteine is methylated by an ER-associated prenyl-dependent carboxylmethyltransferase.


AMP transport

description: The directed movement of AMP, adenosine monophosphate, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


AMP transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of AMP, adenosine monophosphate, from one side of a membrane to the other.


jasmonoyl-L-amino acid ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a jasmonate + an L-alpha-amino acid + ATP = a jasmonyl-L-amino acid + AMP + diphosphate + H+. In Arabidopsis, isoleucine is the principal amino acid that conjugates with JA to form JA (JA-Ile). Other amino acid can be conjugated with JA such as valine, leucine, and phenylalanine.


pheophytinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: pheophytin + H2O = phytol + pheophorbide.


ovary septum development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ovary septum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ovary septum is the thin partition that divides the ovary, the basal portion of a carpel or group of fused carpels, that encloses the ovule(s).


fruit septum development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruit septum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruit septum is a thin partition or membrane that divides a cavity or a mass of tissue in the fruit.


anther septum development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anther septum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The anther septum is a thin partition or stretch of cells that are present in the anther dehiscence zone.


proteasome core complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a mature, active 20S proteasome core particle complex that does not contain any regulatory particles.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-phenylalanine + 2-oxoglutarate = phenylpyruvate + L-glutamate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a hydroxyjasmonate + 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate = a hydroxyjasmonate sulfate + adenosine-3',5'-diphosphate.


fatty acid alpha-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the conversion of a fatty acid to an alpha-hydroxylated fatty acid. A hydroxyl group is added to the second carbon, counted from the carboxyl end, of a fatty acid chain.


midchain alkane hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the conversion of an alkane to a secondary alcohol.


regulation of response to stress

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to stress. Response to stress is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation).


name: regulation of cellular response to stress

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular response to stress. Cellular response to stress is a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation).


priming of cellular response to stress

description: The process that enables cells to respond in a more rapid and robust manner than nonprimed cells to much lower levels of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress.


name: borate efflux transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of borate from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.


name: regulation of jasmonic acid metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving jasmonic acid.


name: regulation of jasmonic acid biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of jasmonic acid.


name: regulation of salicylic acid biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of salicylic acid.


regulation of amino acid export

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of amino acid export. Amino acid export is the directed movement of amino acids out of a cell or organelle.


intracellular amino acid homeostasis

description: A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of amino acids within a cell.


intracellular cysteine homeostasis

description: A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of cysteine within a cell.


L-cysteine desulfhydrase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-cysteine + H2O = ammonia + pyruvate + hydrogen sulfide + H+.


root hair cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a root hair cell over time, from its formation to the mature state.


name: negative regulation of response to water deprivation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a response to water deprivation. Response to water deprivation is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a water deprivation stimulus, prolonged deprivation of water.


name: sucrose induced translational repression

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of translation as a result of increase in sucrose level.


name: S-adenosyl-L-methionine:benzoic acid carboxyl methyl transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: benzoate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = methylbenzoate + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


name: positive regulation of salicylic acid mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of salicylic acid mediated signal transduction.


name: regulation of reductive pentose-phosphate cycle

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reductive pentose-phosphate cycle.


name: negative regulation of reductive pentose-phosphate cycle

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the reductive pentose-phosphate cycle.


regulation of fertilization

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of fertilization. Fertilization is the union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote. It involves the fusion of the gametic nuclei (karyogamy) and cytoplasm (plasmogamy).


name: regulation of double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm. Double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm is a type of fertilization where one of the two sperm nuclei from the pollen tube fuses with the egg nucleus to form a 2n zygote, and the other fuses with the two polar nuclei to form the 3n primary endosperm nucleus and then develops into the endosperm. The ploidy level of the 2n zygote and 3n primary endosperm nucleus is determined by the ploidy level of the parents involved. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.


mitochondrial mRNA modification

description: The covalent alteration within the mitochondrion of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.


name: regulation of plant-type cell wall organization or biogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving plant-type cell wall organization or biogenesis. Plant-type cell wall organization or biogenesis is a process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellulose- and pectin-containing cell wall.


zygote elongation

description: The process in which the zygote irreversibly increases in size in one dimension after fertilization. An example of such a process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.


selenate transport

description: The directed movement of selenate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: auxin transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of auxins from one side of a membrane to the other. Auxins are plant hormones that regulate aspects of plant growth.


name: endoplasmic reticulum to cytosol auxin transport

description: The directed movement of auxins from endoplasmic reticulum to cytosol.


name: regulation of protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity: catalysis of the reaction: protein serine/threonine phosphate + H2O = protein serine/threonine + phosphate.


name: regulation of nitric oxide metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water.


name: callose deposition in phloem sieve plate

description: Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, phloem sieve plate. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls.


stomium development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stomium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A stomium is a fissure or pore in the anther lobe through which the pollen is released.


response to karrikin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a karrikin stimulus. Karrikins are signaling molecules in smoke from burning vegetation that trigger seed germination for many angiosperms (flowering plants).


abscisic acid transport

description: The directed movement of abscisic acid into, out of, within or between cells by means of some external agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: cellular response to boron-containing substance deprivation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of boron obtained from boron-containing substances.


name: hydrogen peroxide transmembrane transport

description: The process in which hydrogen peroxide is transported across a membrane.


lytic vacuole organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a lytic vacuole.


petal epidermis patterning

description: The regionalization process that regulates the coordinated growth and establishes the non-random spatial arrangement of the cells in the petal epidermis.


name: male-female gamete recognition during double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm

description: The initial contact step made between the male gamete and the female gamete during double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm. An example can be found in Arabidopsis thaliana.


phragmoplast microtubule organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in phragmoplast, a plant cell specific structure that forms during late cytokinesis. Phragmoplast serves as a scaffold for cell plate assembly and subsequent formation of a new cell wall separating the two daughter cells.


description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of xyloglucan side chains so as to remove unsubstituted D-xylose residues attached to the glucose located at the non-reducing terminus.


plastoglobule organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the plastoglobule. Plastoglobule is a lipoprotein particle present in chloroplasts. They are rich in non-polar lipids (triglycerides, esters) as well as in prenylquinones, plastoquinone and tocopherols. Plastoglobules are often associated with thylakoid membranes, suggesting an exchange of lipids with thylakoids.


name: 5-carbamoylmethyl uridine residue modification

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the addition of a 5-carbamoylmethyl group to a uridine residue in RNA.


1-methylguanosine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1-methylguanosine.


2-methylguanosine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-methylguanosine.


lateral root branching

description: Any process involved in the formation of branches in lateral roots.


response to photooxidative stress

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as the result of a photooxidative stress, the light-dependent generation of active oxygen species. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism.


response to phenylpropanoid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as the result of a phenylpropanoid stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. A phenylpropanoid is any of secondary metabolites with structures based on a phenylpropane skeleton. The class includes phenylpropanoid esters, flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins and many small phenolic molecules. Phenylpropanoids are also precursors of lignin.


name: effector-mediated activation of plant hypersensitive response by symbiont

description: A symbiont process in which a molecule secreted by the symbiont activates a resistance gene-dependent defense response signaling pathway in the plant host, in order to activate a hypersensitive response to induce necrosis. In the plant, this process involves the direct or indirect recognition of the symbiont effector protein for example through plant resistance receptor or R proteins (or R genes).


developmental vegetative growth

description: The increase in size or mass of non-reproductive plant parts.


floral organ senescence

description: The last stage of flower development during which programmed degradation of macromolecules and nutrient recycling take place.


name: gene silencing by siRNA-directed DNA methylation

description: A small RNA-based gene silencing process in which small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) guide DNA methylation to the siRNA-generating genomic loci and other loci that are homologous to the siRNAs for de novo DNA methylation. This results in a heterochromatin assembly, a chromatin conformation that is refractory to transcription. In general this process consists of three phases: biogenesis of siRNAs, scaffold RNA production, and the formation of the guiding complex that recruits de novo DNA methyltransferases to the target loci. Transposable elements are silenced by this mechanism.


primary growth

description: Growth of a plant structure from the time of its initiation by an apical meristem until its expansion is completed.


lateral growth

description: Growth of a plant axis (shoot axis or root) that originates from a lateral meristem.


secondary thickening

description: Lateral growth of a plant axis (shoot axis or root) that is an increase in thickness resulting from formation of tissue from a secondary thickening meristem.


primary thickening

description: Lateral growth of a plant axis (shoot axis or root) that is an increase in thickness resulting from the activity of a primary thickening meristem.


diffuse secondary thickening

description: Lateral growth of the older parts of a stem that occurs when the central parenchyma cells and the not yet fully differentiated fiber cells of the bundle sheaths continue to undergo cell division and expansion for a long period of time, leading to an increase in girth of the stem.


name: formation of stylet for nutrient acquisition

description: The assembly of a stylet, a hollow protrusible spear-like symbiont structure projected into the host cell for the purpose of obtaining nutrients. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


dormancy entry of symbiont in host

description: Entry into a dormant state of the symbiont within the host organism.


name: dormancy maintenance of symbiont in host

description: Any process in which a dormant state is maintained by the symbiont within the host organism.


dormancy exit of symbiont in host

description: Exit from dormant state, also known as resuscitation, of the symbiont within the host organism.


name: entry into host cell by a symbiont-containing vacuole

description: The invasion by a symbiont of a cell of a host organism, forming a vacuole in which the symbiont resides. The vacuole membrane is formed from lipids and proteins derived from both host and symbiont. Begins when the symbiont attaches on to the host cell membrane which invaginates and deepens as the symbiont enters, and ends when the host cell membrane closes behind the newly-formed vacuole.


name: formation of tubovesicular network for nutrient acquisition

description: The assembly of a symbiont-induced complex organelle that comprises of multiple protein and lipid domains for the purpose of obtaining nutrients from its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


protein K6-linked ubiquitination

description: A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 6 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein. K6-linked ubiquitination is involved in DNA repair.


tubovesicular membrane network

description: A complex, symbiont-induced host-derived organelle that is comprised of multiple protein and lipid domains.


extracellular matrix assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the extracellular matrix.


symbiotic process benefiting host

description: A process carried out by symbiont gene products that enables a symbiotic interaction with a host organism, that is beneficial to the host organism.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host NF-kappaB cascade

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts an NF-kappaB-mediated signaling cascade in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: symbiont-mediated activation of host NF-kappaB cascade

description: A process that initiates, promotes, or enhances a host NF-kappaB-mediated signaling cascade. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host NF-kappaB cascade

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts an NF-kappaB-mediated signaling cascade in its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


haustorium

description: A projection from a cell or tissue that penetrates the host's cell wall and invaginates the host cell membrane.


extrahaustorial matrix

description: The space between the symbiont plasma membrane and the extrahaustorial membrane of the host.


extrahaustorial membrane

description: The membrane surrounding the symbiont haustorium during symbiosis, derived from the host plasma membrane.


hyphal membrane

description: A host-derived membrane surrounding the symbiont hypha during infection.


arbuscule

description: Highly branched symbiont haustoria within host root cortex cells, responsible for nutrient exchange.


periarbuscular membrane

description: A host-derived membrane surrounding the symbiont arbuscule during symbiosis.


name: symbiont-mediated disruption of host cuticle

description: The process in which an organism effects a change that impairs the structure or function of the host organism cuticle. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


cardiac muscle cell action potential

description: An action potential that occurs in a cardiac muscle cell.


name: cardiac muscle cell action potential involved in contraction

description: An action potential that occurs in a cardiac muscle cell and is involved in its contraction.


cardiac muscle cell contraction

description: The actin filament-based process in which cytoplasmic actin filaments slide past one another resulting in contraction of a cardiac muscle cell.


name: regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell contraction.


name: ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential

description: An action potential that occurs in a ventricular cardiac muscle cell.


name: voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of a cardiac muscle cell contributing to the depolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a voltage-gated channel across the plasma membrane of a cardiac muscle cell that contributes to the depolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of a cardiac muscle cell contributing to the repolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


membrane repolarization

description: The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the membrane potential changes in the repolarizing direction, toward the steady state potential. For example, the repolarization during an action potential is from a positive membrane potential towards a negative resting potential.


name: membrane depolarization during action potential

description: The process in which membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


name: membrane repolarization during action potential

description: The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential.


name: membrane depolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential

description: The process in which cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


name: membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential

description: The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the cardiac muscle cell plasma membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential.


name: atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential

description: An action potential that occurs in an atrial cardiac muscle cell.


SA node cell action potential

description: An action potential that occurs in a sinoatrial node cardiac muscle cell.


AV node cell action potential

description: An action potential that occurs in an atrioventricular node cardiac muscle cell.


Purkinje myocyte action potential

description: An action potential that occurs in a Purkinje myocyte.


name: SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from an SA node cardiomyocyte to an atrial cardiomyocyte.


name: cell-cell signaling involved in cardiac conduction

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the heart process that regulates cardiac muscle contraction; beginning with the generation of an action potential in the sinoatrial node and ending with regulation of contraction of the myocardium.


name: gap junction channel activity involved in SA node cell-atrial cardiac muscle cell electrical coupling

description: A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from an SA node cell to an atrial cardiomyocyte. The gap junction passes electrical signals between the cells contributing to cardiac conduction.


name: SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell communication by electrical coupling

description: The process that mediates signaling interactions between an SA node cardiomyocyte and an atrial cardiomyocyte by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


name: SA node cell-atrial cardiac muscle cell adhesion involved in cell communication

description: The attachment of SA node cardiomyocyte to an atrial cardiomyocyte via adhesion molecules that results in the cells being juxtaposed so that they can communicate.


name: adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals beginning with a G protein-coupled adrenergic cell surface receptor combining with epinephrine or norepinephrine, to activate adenylate cyclase, which contributes to a circulatory system process carried out by the heart.


name: atrial cardiac muscle cell to AV node cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from an atrial cardiomyocyte to an AV node cell.


name: AV node cell to bundle of His cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from an AV node cardiac muscle cell to a bundle of His cardiomyocyte.


name: bundle of His cell to Purkinje myocyte signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a bundle of His cardiomyocyte to a Purkinje myocyte.


name: Purkinje myocyte to ventricular cardiac muscle cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a Purkinje myocyte to a ventricular cardiac muscle cell.


name: adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle relaxation

description: An adrenergic receptor signaling pathway that contributes to a reduction in cardiac muscle contraction. Beta-adrenergic receptor-induced cardiac relaxation is achieved by a GPCR-activated adenylate cyclase generating cAMP; cAMP then activates the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) membrane protein PLB. In its non-phosphorylated state, PLB acts as an inhibitor of the ATPase Ca(2+) pump of the cardiac SR (SERCA2a); inhibition of the pump is relieved upon phosphorylation. The pump removes Ca(2+) from the cytoplasm, thereby preventing cytosolic Ca(2+)-dependent activation of contractile proteins, leading to enhanced muscle relaxation.


name: G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of heart rate

description: A G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway that contributes to a decrease in frequency or rate of heart contraction. Binding of acetylcholine to a G protein-coupled (muscarinic) receptor on the surface of the signal-receiving cell results in the alpha subunit of a coupled G-protein binding to GTP. This results in the separation of the beta-gamma complex from the alpha subunit. Both the alpha subunit, and the beta-gamma complex can continue to signal to bring about membrane hyperpolarization and a reduction in heart rate.


name: regulation of cardiac muscle cell membrane potential

description: Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in a cardiac muscle cell (a cardiomyocyte). A membrane potential is the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane.


name: P-type sodium:potassium-exchanging transporter activity involved in regulation of cardiac muscle cell membrane potential

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Na+(in) + K+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Na+(out) + K+(in), that contributes to regulating the membrane potential of a cardiac muscle cell.


name: calcium:sodium antiporter activity involved in regulation of cardiac muscle cell membrane potential

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Ca2+(in) + Na+(out) = Ca2+(out) + Na+(in), which contributes to regulating the membrane potential of a cardiac muscle cell.


name: P-type calcium transporter activity involved in regulation of cardiac muscle cell membrane potential

description: A calcium-transporting P-type ATPase activity involved in regulation of the plasma membrane potential.


name: sodium:proton antiporter activity involved in regulation of cardiac muscle cell membrane potential

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a cardiac muscle cell membrane to the other according to the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out). This transfer contributes to the regulation of the cardiac muscle cell plasma membrane potential.


name: voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in SA node cell action potential depolarization

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of an SA node cardiac muscle cell contributing to the depolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: cardiac muscle cell-cardiac muscle cell adhesion

description: The attachment of one cardiomyocyte to another cardiomyocyte via adhesion molecules.


bundle of His cell action potential

description: An action potential that occurs in a bundle of His cell.


name: atrial cardiac muscle cell to AV node cell communication by electrical coupling

description: The process that mediates signaling interactions between an atrial cardiomyocyte and an AV node cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


name: membrane depolarization during AV node cell action potential

description: The process in which AV node cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


name: membrane depolarization during SA node cell action potential

description: The process in which SA node cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


name: membrane depolarization during Purkinje myocyte cell action potential

description: The process in which Purkinje myocyte membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


name: membrane depolarization during bundle of His cell action potential

description: The process in which bundle of His cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


name: membrane repolarization during AV node cell action potential

description: The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the AV node cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential.


name: membrane repolarization during bundle of His cell action potential

description: The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the bundle of His cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential.


name: membrane repolarization during Purkinje myocyte action potential

description: The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the Purkinje myocyte membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential.


name: membrane repolarization during SA node cell action potential

description: The process in which an SA node cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential.


name: AV node cell to bundle of His cell communication by electrical coupling

description: The process that mediates signaling interactions between an AV node cardiomyocyte and a bundle of His cardiac muscle cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


name: bundle of His cell to Purkinje myocyte communication by electrical coupling

description: The process that mediates signaling interactions between a bundle of His cardiac muscle cell and a Purkinje myocyte by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


name: Purkinje myocyte to ventricular cardiac muscle cell communication by electrical coupling

description: The process that mediates signaling interactions between a Purkinje myocyte and a ventricular cardiac muscle cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


name: voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in AV node cell action potential

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a voltage-gated channel across the plasma membrane of an AV node cardiac muscle cell that contributes to the depolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in bundle of His cell action potential

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a voltage-gated channel across the plasma membrane of a bundle of His cardiac muscle cell that contributes to the depolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved in Purkinje myocyte cell action potential

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a voltage-gated channel across the plasma membrane of an Purkinje myocyte cell that contributes to the depolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved SA node cell action potential

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a voltage-gated channel across the plasma membrane of an SA node cardiac muscle cell that contributes to the depolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in AV node cell action potential

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of an AV node cardiac muscle cell contributing to the depolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in bundle of His cell action potential

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of a bundle of His cardiac muscle cell contributing to the depolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in Purkinje myocyte action potential

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of a Purkinje myocyte contributing to the depolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated sodium channel activity involved in SA node cell action potential

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of an SA node cardiac muscle cell contributing to the depolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: cell communication by electrical coupling involved in cardiac conduction

description: The process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels and contributes to the process of cardiac conduction.


name: cell communication involved in cardiac conduction

description: Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings that contributes to the process of cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.


name: atrial cardiac muscle cell to AV node cell communication

description: The process that mediates interactions between an atrial cardiomyocyte and its surroundings that contributes to the process of the atrial cardiomyocyte communicating with an AV node cell in cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.


name: AV node cell to bundle of His cell communication

description: The process that mediates interactions between an AV node cell and its surroundings that contributes to the process of the AV node cell communicating with a bundle of His cell in cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.


name: Purkinje myocyte to ventricular cardiac muscle cell communication

description: The process that mediates interactions between a Purkinje myocyte and its surroundings that contributes to the process of the Purkinje myocyte communicating with a ventricular cardiac muscle cell in cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.


name: bundle of His cell to Purkinje myocyte communication

description: The process that mediates interactions between a bundle of His cell and its surroundings that contributes to the process of the bundle of His cell communicating with a Purkinje myocyte in cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.


name: SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell communication

description: The process that mediates interactions between an SA node cardiomyocyte and its surroundings that contributes to the process of the SA node cardiomyocyte communicating with an atrial cardiomyocyte in cardiac conduction. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment.


name: atrial cardiac muscle cell-AV node cell adhesion involved in cell communication

description: The attachment of an atrial cardiomyocyte to an AV node cell via adhesion molecules that results in the cells being juxtaposed so that they can communicate.


name: AV node cell-bundle of His cell adhesion involved in cell communication

description: The attachment of an AV node cell to an bundle of His cell via adhesion molecules that results in the cells being juxtaposed so that they can communicate.


name: bundle of His cell-Purkinje myocyte adhesion involved in cell communication

description: The attachment of a bundle of His cell to a Purkinje myocyte via adhesion molecules that results in the cells being juxtaposed so that they can communicate.


name: Purkinje myocyte-ventricular cardiac muscle cell adhesion involved in cell communication

description: The attachment of an Purkinje myocyte to a ventricular cardiac muscle cell via adhesion molecules that results in the cells being juxtaposed so that they can communicate.


name: gap junction channel activity involved in cardiac conduction electrical coupling

description: A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from one cardiomyocyte to an adjacent cardiomyocyte. The gap junction passes electrical signals between the cells contributing to cardiac conduction.


name: gap junction channel activity involved in atrial cardiac muscle cell-AV node cell electrical coupling

description: A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from an atrial cardiomyocyte to an AV node cell. The gap junction passes electrical signals between the cells contributing to cardiac conduction.


name: gap junction channel activity involved in AV node cell-bundle of His cell electrical coupling

description: A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from an AV node cell to a bundle of His cell. The gap junction passes electrical signals between the cells contributing to cardiac conduction.


name: gap junction channel activity involved in bundle of His cell-Purkinje myocyte electrical coupling

description: A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from a bundle of His cell to a Purkinje myocyte. The gap junction passes electrical signals between the cells contributing to cardiac conduction.


name: gap junction channel activity involved in Purkinje myocyte-ventricular cardiac muscle cell electrical coupling

description: A wide pore channel activity that enables a direct cytoplasmic connection from a Purkinje myocyte to a ventricular cardiac muscle cell. The gap junction passes electrical signals between the cells contributing to cardiac conduction.


name: protein binding involved in heterotypic cell-cell adhesion

description: Binding to a protein or protein complex contributing to the adhesion of two different types of cells.


name: cell adhesive protein binding involved in atrial cardiac muscle cell-AV node cell communication

description: Binding to a protein or protein complex that results in the connection of an atrial cardiomyocyte with an AV node cell and contributes to the communication between the two cells.


name: cell adhesive protein binding involved in AV node cell-bundle of His cell communication

description: Binding to a protein or protein complex that results in the connection of an AV node cell with a bundle of His cell and contributes to the communication between the two cells.


name: cell adhesive protein binding involved in bundle of His cell-Purkinje myocyte communication

description: Binding to a protein or protein complex that results in the connection of a bundle of His cell with a Purkinje myocyte and contributes to the communication between the two cells.


name: cell adhesive protein binding involved in Purkinje myocyte-ventricular cardiac muscle cell communication

description: Binding to a protein or protein complex that results in the connection of a Purkinje myocyte with an ventricular cardiac muscle cell and contributes to the communication between the two cells.


name: cell adhesive protein binding involved in SA cardiac muscle cell-atrial cardiac muscle cell communication

description: Binding to a protein or protein complex that results in the connection of an SA cardiomyocyte with an atrial cardiomyocyte and contributes to the communication between the two cells.


name: voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in AV node cell action potential repolarization

description: Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of an AV node cardiac muscle cell contributing to the repolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in bundle of His cell action potential repolarization

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of a bundle of His cell contributing to the repolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in Purkinje myocyte action potential repolarization

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of a Purkinje myocyte contributing to the repolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of an atrial cardiomyocyte contributing to the repolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in SA node cell action potential repolarization

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a voltage-gated channel through the plasma membrane of an SA node cell contributing to the repolarization phase of an action potential. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction

description: A cardiac conduction process that modulates the frequency or rate of heart contraction.


name: regulation of the force of heart contraction by cardiac conduction

description: A cardiac conduction process that modulates the extent of heart contraction, changing the force with which blood is propelled.


name: G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

description: A G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway, which contributes to a circulatory system process carried out by the heart.


name: positive regulation of IKACh channel activity by G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of heart rate

description: A G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway that contributes to a decrease in frequency or rate of heart contraction through activation of the IKACh potassium channel. Binding of acetylcholine to a G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor (muscarinic receptor) on the surface of the signal-receiving cell results in liberation of the G-beta/gamma complex from the alpha subunit. The G-beta/gamma complex binds directly to the inward-rectifying potassium channel IKACh. Once the ion channel is activated, potassium ions (K+) flow out of the cell and cause it to hyperpolarize. In its hyperpolarized state, action potentials cannot be fired as quickly as possible, which slows the heart rate.


name: phospholipase C-activating angiotensin-activated signaling pathway

description: A phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by angiotensin binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: angiotensin-activated signaling pathway involved in heart process

description: An angiotensin receptor signaling pathway which contributes to a circulatory system process carried out by the heart.


name: phospholipase C-activating angiotensin-activated signaling pathway involved in heart process

description: An angiotensin-mediated signaling pathway that contributes to a circulatory system process carried out by the heart, where the activated receptor transmits the signal via Gq-mediated activation of phospholipase C (PLC). PLC hydrolyses phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) into the second messengers inositol-1,4,5,-triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). DAG activates protein kinase C (PKC), whilst IP3 binds intracellular receptors to induce the release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores.


endothelin receptor signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by endothelin binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: endothelin receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

description: An endothelin receptor signaling pathway which contributes to a circulatory system process carried out by the heart.


name: G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process

description: An G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway which contributes to a circulatory system process carried out by the heart.


U2AF complex

description: A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of conserved large and small U2AF subunits that contributes to spliceosomal RNA splicing by binding to consensus sequences at the 3' splice site. U2AF is required to stabilize the association of the U2 snRNP with the branch point.


name: undecaprenyl-phosphate glucose phosphotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyl phosphate = UMP + alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-diphospho-ditrans,octacis-undecaprenol.


name: L-aspartate transmembrane export from vacuole

description: The directed movement of L-aspartate out of the vacuole, across the vacuolar membrane.


name: L-glutamate transmembrane export from vacuole

description: The directed movement of L-glutamate out of the vacuole, across the vacuolar membrane.


protein localization to outer membrane

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location the cell outer membrane.


name: L-ornithine transmembrane export from vacuole

description: The directed movement of L-ornithine out of the vacuole, across the vacuolar membrane.


name: L-lysine transmembrane export from vacuole

description: The directed movement of L-lysine out of the vacuole, across the vacuolar membrane.


name: L-histidine transmembrane export from vacuole

description: The directed movement of L-histidine out of the vacuole, across the vacuolar membrane.


L-histidine transmembrane transport

description: The directed movement of L-histidine across a membrane.


endocytic targeting sequence binding

description: Binding to a endocytic signal sequence, a specific peptide sequence, of 4-6 amino acids with an essential tyrosine (Y), found on cytoplasmic tails of some cell surface membrane proteins, which directs internalization by clathrin-coated pits.


Cbf1-Met4-Met28 complex

description: A heteromeric complex consisting of Cbf1 and basic leucine zipper (bZIP) containing transcriptional activators, Met4 and Met28, that forms over the sequence TCACGTG in the upstream activating sequence (UAS) of genes involved in sulfur amino acid metabolism, resulting in their transcriptional activation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-mannosamine + 2 NAD+ + H2O = UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-mannosaminuronate + 2 NADH + 2 H+.


name: tRNA (L-threonylcarbamoyladenosine(37)-C2) methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA containing N6-threonylcarbamoyladenosine at position 37 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing N6-methylthreonylcarbamoyladenosine at position 37.


Pip2-Oaf1 complex

description: A heterodimeric complex consisting of Zn(2)Cys(6) containing transcription factors Pip2 and Oaf1. It binds to the oleate response element (ORE), found in the promoters of fatty acid-inducible genes in Saccharomyces where, in the presence of oleate this bound complex activates the transcription of genes encoding peroxisomal proteins.


name: amino acid import across plasma membrane

description: The directed movement of an amino acid from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol.


RHG protein domain binding

description: Binding to an RHG (reaper/hid/grimm) domain/motif (AKA iap binding motif).


caspase binding

description: Binding to a caspase family protein.


name: phosphoenolpyruvate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a phosphoenolpyruvate from one side of a membrane to the other.


description: The directed movement of phosphoenolpytuvate across a membrane.


replication fork arrest at tRNA locus

description: A process that impedes the progress of the DNA replication fork at natural replication fork pausing sites within the eukaryotic tRNA transcription unit.


regulation of linear element assembly

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of linear element assembly. Linear element assembly is the cell cycle process in which a proteinaceous scaffold, related to the synaptonemal complex, is assembled in association with S. pombe chromosomes during meiotic prophase.


hypoblast development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hypoblast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hypoblast is a tissue formed from the inner cell mass that lies beneath the epiblast.


primitive streak formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the primitive streak from unspecified parts. The primitive streak is a ridge of cells running along the midline of the embryo where the mesoderm ingresses. It defines the anterior-posterior axis.


leaflet formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a leaflet from unspecified parts. A leaflet is one of the ultimate segments of a compound leaf.


name: positive regulation of leaflet formation by auxin mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of leaflet formation as a result of the series of molecular signals generated in response to detection of auxin.


regulation of leaflet formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leaflet formation.


anterior neural plate formation

description: The formation of anterior end of the flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate.


posterior neural plate formation

description: The formation of posterior end of the flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate.


regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding.


name: positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding.


name: negative regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding.


regulation of monocyte chemotaxis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of monocyte chemotaxis.


name: positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of monocyte chemotaxis.


name: negative regulation of monocyte chemotaxis

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate, or extent of monocyte chemotaxis.


name: positive regulation of pheromone-dependent signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of pheromone-dependent signal transduction during conjugation with cellular fusion, a signal transduction process resulting in the relay, amplification or dampening of a signal generated in response to pheromone exposure in organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion.


name: negative regulation of pheromone-dependent signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of pheromone-dependent signal transduction during conjugation with cellular fusion, a signal transduction process resulting in the relay, amplification or dampening of a signal generated in response to pheromone exposure in organisms that undergo conjugation with cellular fusion.


name: regulation of steroid hormone biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroid hormones,compounds with a 1, 2, cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus that act as hormones.


name: positive regulation of steroid hormone biosynthetic process

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroid hormones,compounds with a 1, 2, cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus that act as hormones.


name: negative regulation of steroid hormone biosynthetic process

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of steroid hormones,compounds with a 1, 2, cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus that act as hormones.


name: positive regulation of filamentous growth

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which a multicellular organism or a group of unicellular organisms grow in a threadlike, filamentous shape.


name: regulation of chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly. Chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly is the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex, mediated by chaperone molecules that do not form part of the finished complex.


name: positive regulation of chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly. Chaperone-mediated protein complex assembly is the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a protein complex, mediated by chaperone molecules that do not form part of the finished complex.


name: regulation of protein kinase C signaling

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase C, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound.


name: positive regulation of protein kinase C signaling

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of a series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase C, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound.


name: negative regulation of protein kinase C signaling

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate, or extent of a series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase C, which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound.


tubulin deacetylation

description: The removal of an acetyl group from tubulin. An acetyl group is CH3CO-, derived from acetic [ethanoic] acid.


regulation of tubulin deacetylation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tubulin deacetylation. Tubulin deacetylation is the removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid.


name: positive regulation of tubulin deacetylation

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of tubulin deacetylation. Tubulin deacetylation is the removal of an acetyl group from a protein amino acid.


name: positive regulation of deacetylase activity

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of deacetylase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of an acetyl group or groups from a substrate molecule.


name: regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis. Cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis is the orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels contributing to the process of sprouting angiogenesis.


name: positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis. Cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis is the orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels contributing to the process of sprouting angiogenesis.


name: negative regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis. Cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis is the orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels contributing to the process of sprouting angiogenesis.


name: regulation of pericentric heterochromatin formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heterochromatin formation at the centromere. Chromatin silencing at the centromere is the repression of transcription of centromeric DNA by altering the structure of chromatin.


name: positive regulation of pericentric heterochromatin formation

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of pericentric heterochromatin formation.


name: regulation of silent mating-type cassette heterochromatin formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of heterochromatin formation at silent mating-type cassette.


name: positive regulation of silent mating-type cassette heterochromatin formation

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of heterochromatin formation at silent mating-type cassette.


name: regulation of chlorophyll metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving chlorophyll.


root radial pattern formation

description: The radial pattern formation process that results in the formation of the different tissues of the root around its radial axis.


metaxylem development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metaxylem over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metaxylem is the part of the primary xylem that differentiates after the protoxylem and before the secondary xylem, if any of the latter is formed.


protoxylem development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the protoxylem over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The protoxylem comprises the first formed elements of the primary xylem.


regulation of metaxylem development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of metaxylem development. Metaxylem development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metaxylem over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metaxylem is the part of the primary xylem that differentiates after the protoxylem and before the secondary xylem, if any of the latter is formed.


name: regulation of trehalose metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of trehalose metabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose, a disaccharide that consists of two molecules of glucose and is isomeric with sucrose.


name: positive regulation of microtubule nucleation

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of microtubule nucleation. Microtubule nucleation is the 'de novo' formation of a microtubule, in which tubulin heterodimers form metastable oligomeric aggregates, some of which go on to support formation of a complete microtubule. Microtubule nucleation usually occurs from a specific site within a cell.


activation of microtubule nucleation

description: Any process that starts the inactive process of microtubule nucleation. Microtubule nucleation is the 'de novo' formation of a microtubule, in which tubulin heterodimers form metastable oligomeric aggregates, some of which go on to support formation of a complete microtubule. Microtubule nucleation usually occurs from a specific site within a cell.


regulation of anatomical structure size

description: Any process that modulates the size of an anatomical structure.


regulation of thalamus size

description: Any process that modulates the size of the thalamus. The thalamus is a part of the diencephalon that is composed of the dorsal thalamus and the ventral thalamus.


name: positive regulation of cell cycle process

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a cellular process that is involved in the progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events.


regulation of ribosome biogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is the cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits.


name: positive regulation of ribosome biogenesis

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is the cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits.


name: negative regulation of ribosome biogenesis

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is the cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits.


name: positive regulation of protein homodimerization activity

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein homodimerization, interacting selectively with an identical protein to form a homodimer.


name: negative regulation of protein homodimerization activity

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of protein homodimerization, interacting selectively with an identical protein to form a homodimer.


relaxation of muscle

description: A process in which the extent of muscle contraction is reduced. Muscle relaxation can involve a number of processes including the removal of calcium from the cytoplasm to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen through the action of Ca2+ ATPases. In some muscles, calcium-independent pathways also play a role in muscle relaxation by decreasing the phosphorylation state of myosin light chain.


relaxation of skeletal muscle

description: A process in which the extent of skeletal muscle tissue contraction is reduced. Muscle relaxation involves the removal of calcium from the cytoplasm to the sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen through the action of Ca2+ ATPases.


foam cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions.


name: smooth muscle derived foam cell differentiation

description: The process in which a smooth muscle cell acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions.


name: translation regulator activity, nucleic acid binding

description: Any selective and non-covalent interaction with a nucleic acid involved in the initiation, activation, perpetuation, repression or termination of polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome.


name: positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade by fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands resulting in an increase in the rate or frequency of a MAPKKK cascade.


regulation of inclusion body assembly

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of inclusion body assembly. Inclusion body assembly is the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an inclusion body.


name: negative regulation of inclusion body assembly

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of inclusion body assembly. Inclusion body assembly is the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an inclusion body.


regulation of protein deubiquitination

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein deubiquitination. Protein deubiquitination is the removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein.


name: negative regulation of protein deubiquitination

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of protein deubiquitination. Protein deubiquitination is the removal of one or more ubiquitin groups from a protein.


regulation of peptide transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


regulation of oligopeptide transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of oligopeptides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages.


regulation of dipeptide transport

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of dipeptide transport. Dipeptide transport is the directed movement of a dipeptide, a combination of two amino acids by means of a peptide (-CO-NH-) link, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.


name: positive regulation of extracellular matrix disassembly

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of extracellular matrix disassembly. Extracellular matrix disassembly is a process that results in the breakdown of the extracellular matrix.


name: regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand.


name: regulation of fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan biosynthesis, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of fungal cells.


name: metanephric cap mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in metanephros development

description: The multiplication or reproduction of metanephric cap mesenchymal cells, resulting in the expansion of the cell population. A metanephric cap mesenchymal cell is a mesenchymal cell that has condensed with other mesenchymal cells surrounding the ureteric bud tip.


name: regulation of metanephric cap mesenchymal cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of metanephric cap mesenchymal cell proliferation. Metanephric cap mesenchymal cell proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of metanephric cap mesenchymal cells, resulting in the expansion of the cell population. A metanephric cap mesenchymal cell is a mesenchymal cell that has condensed with other mesenchymal cells surrounding the ureteric bud tip.


name: positive regulation of metanephric cap mesenchymal cell proliferation

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of metanephric cap mesenchymal cell proliferation. Metanephric cap mesenchymal cell proliferation is the multiplication or reproduction of metanephric cap mesenchymal cells, resulting in the expansion of the cell population. A metanephric cap mesenchymal cell is a mesenchymal cell that has condensed with other mesenchymal cells surrounding the ureteric bud tip.


name: positive regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand.


name: negative regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand.


cochlea development

description: The progression of the cochlea over time from its formation to the mature structure. The cochlea is the snail-shaped portion of the inner ear that is responsible for the detection of sound.


cochlea morphogenesis

description: The process in which the cochlea is generated and organized.


pancreatic epsilon cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features of a pancreatic epsilon cell. A pancreatic epsilon cell is a cell in the pancreas that secretes ghrelin.


pancreatic E cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pancreatic E cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


pancreatic E cell fate commitment

description: The commitment of a cell to a pancreatic E cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a pancreatic E cell.


name: regulation of high-density lipoprotein particle assembly

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of high-density lipoprotein particle assembly. High-density lipoprotein particle assembly is the aggregation and arrangement of proteins and lipids to form a high-density lipoprotein particle.


name: positive regulation of high-density lipoprotein particle assembly

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of high-density lipoprotein particle assembly. High-density lipoprotein particle assembly is the aggregation and arrangement of proteins and lipids to form a high-density lipoprotein particle.