name: negative regulation of response to calcium ion

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to calcium ion.


name: positive regulation of response to calcium ion

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of response to calcium ion.


name: ABC-type 3',5'-cyclic GMP transmembrane transporter activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + 3',5'-cyclic GMP(in) = ADP + phosphate + 3',5'-cyclic GMP(out).


name: negative regulation of calcium ion import across plasma membrane

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion import across plasma membrane.


mitochondrion DNA recombination

description: Any DNA recombination that takes place in mitochondrion.


regulation of lipid localization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid localization.


name: negative regulation of lipid localization

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of lipid localization.


name: positive regulation of lipid localization

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lipid localization.


name: negative regulation of endothelial tube morphogenesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial tube morphogenesis.


name: positive regulation of endothelial tube morphogenesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial tube morphogenesis.


name: regulation of cellular response to alcohol

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to alcohol.


name: negative regulation of cellular response to alcohol

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to alcohol.


name: positive regulation of cellular response to alcohol

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to alcohol.


name: response to differentiation-inducing factor 2

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 1-(3,5-dichloro-2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)pentan-1-one stimulus.


category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A protein complex which is capable of protein-cysteine S-palmitoyltransferase activity.


glutamatergic neuron differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a glutamatergic neuron.


amyloid fibril formation

description: The generation of amyloid fibrils, insoluble fibrous protein aggregates exhibiting beta sheet structure, from proteins.


name: inhibition of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process

description: Any process that prevents the activation of an inactive cysteine-type endopeptidase involved in an apoptotic process.


name: methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH) (acetol producing) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxyacetone + NADP+ = H+ + methylglyoxal + NADPH.


IDP phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: IDP + H2O = IMP + H+ + phosphate.


granular vesicle

description: A cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle of varying size, but usually larger than 45 nm, with an electron dense granular core, found in noradrenergic and peptidergic cells.


amorphous vesicle

description: A cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle first described in dendrites, categorized by smooth membranes, electron-lucent interiors and irregular shapes. Sometimes occurs in clumps. Amorphous vesicles have been found to contain material taken up from the extracellular space, therefore suggesting that they may be part of the endosomal pathway.


membrane stack

description: A configuration of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) found in Purkinje cells in the cerebellum and in axons in the lateral vestibular nucleus, consisting of parallel and interconnecting tubules whose outer surfaces are covered by particles or ringlike structures.


neurosecretory vesicle

description: A large cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle with an electron dense granular core, up to 150-200 nm in diameter, found in neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus.


retinal cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a retinal cell.


name: compound eye retinal cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a compound eye retinal cell.


laminated body

description: Inclusion body characterized by regularly spaced sheets of tubules arranged in a whorl pattern resembling a fingerprint. Laminated bodies have been observed in neurons of the lateral geniculate nucleus.


complex laminated body

description: A cytoplasmic inclusion body found in some lateral geniculate neurons and composed of sheets of tubules (25 nm in diameter) separated by dense material (about 75 nm wide), which together with the tubules whorl give a structure resembling a fingerprint.


presynaptic grid

description: A hexagonal array of electron dense particles attached to the cytoplasmic face of the presynaptic membrane.


orthogonal array

description: Square array of closely spaced intramembrane particles, 4-6 nm in size, that form supramolecular aggregates found in the plasma membrane of astrocytes, skeletal muscle and epithelial cells. They have been shown to contain aquaporins (water channels).


ensheathing process

description: A cell projection (often from glial cells such as Schwann cells) that surrounds an unmyelinated axon or cell soma.


neck portion of tanycyte

description: Elongated portion of a tanycyte that sticks into the periventricular layer of neuropil where it appears to contact a blood vessel; characterized by numerous cytoplasmic extensions. A tanycyte is a specialized elongated ventricular ependymal cell that has processes that extend to the outer, or pial, surface of the CNS.


somatic portion of tanycyte

description: Portion of a tanycyte that lies within the ependyma and contains the nucleus. A tanycyte is a specialized elongated ventricular ependymal cell that has processes that extend to the outer, or pial, surface of the CNS.


tail portion of tanycyte

description: Elongated process of a tanycyte, devoid of cytoplasmic extensions, that courses through the hypothalamic nuclei to form small endfoot processes that terminate either on blood vessels or at the pial surface of the brain. A tanycyte is a specialized elongated ventricular ependymal cell.


protein storage vacuole organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a protein storage vacuole, a storage vacuole that contains a lytic vacuole.


recurrent axon collateral

description: Axon collateral that ramifies in the area of the soma of the cell of origin.


Schaffer axon collateral

description: Part of axon of a CA3 pyramidal neuron that projects to hippocampal area CA1.


mitotic spindle midzone

description: The area in the center of the anaphase spindle consisting of microtubules, microtubule bundling factors and kinesin motors where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap in an antiparallel manner.


C bouton

description: Synaptic bouton found in spinal cord on the soma and proximal dendrites of motor neurons.


F bouton

description: Synaptic bouton found in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. F boutons range in diameter from 0.5 to 7 um and contain flattened or pleomorphic synaptic vesicles.


hippocampal mossy fiber expansion

description: Synaptic expansion of hippocampal mossy fiber axon that makes contact with the thorny excrescences of hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cell dendrites.


S bouton

description: Synaptic bouton found in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. S boutons range in diameter from 0.5 to 8 um and contain spherical synaptic vesicles.


name: intermediate voltage-gated calcium channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by an intermediate voltage-gated channel. An intermediate voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on intermediate voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


vasomotion

description: The rhythmical contraction and relaxation of arterioles, observed as slow and fast waves, with frequencies of 1-2 and 10-20 cpm.


pericellular basket

description: Ramification of basket cell axon surrounding cell bodies, forming the characteristic pericellular baskets from which the cell class derives its name.


pinceau fiber

description: Dense plexus formed by the descending collaterals of cerebellar basket cells that wrap around a Purkinje cell axonal initial segment.


parallel fiber

description: A parallel fiber results from the bifurcation of a cerebellar granule cell axon in the molecular layer into two diametrically opposed branches, that are oriented parallel to the long axis of the folium.


dendritic branch point

description: The part of a dendritic tree where it branches, giving rise to a dendritic branch.


name: calcium ion export across plasma membrane

description: The directed movement of calcium ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region.


name: calcium ion import into sarcoplasmic reticulum

description: The directed movement of calcium ions into a sarcoplasmic reticulum.


Lewy body core

description: The center portion of a Lewy body. In Parkinson's disease, it contains a matted meshwork of filaments.


Lewy body corona

description: The periphery of a Lewy body. In Parkinson's disease, it contains spherical accumulations of filaments arranged in a loose, radiating array.


hypolemmal cisterna

description: Specialized part of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum that closely underlies the plasma membrane, usually within 60 nm or closer.


sub-surface cisterna

description: Specialization of the hypolemmal cisterna consisting of either single profiles or closely apposed stacks of endoplasmic reticulum in which the lumen is obliterated, lying 10-20 nm beneath the plasma membrane.


name: glycerol dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which glycerol is converted into glycerone and NAD+ or NADP is reduced.


name: 5' deoxyribonuclease (pyrimidine dimer) activity

description: Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage immediately 5' to pyrimidine dimers to products with 5'-phosphate.


protein localization to lipid droplet

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location on or within a lipid droplet.


sclerotium development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sclerotium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A sclerotium is a mycelial resting body, resistant to adverse environmental conditions.


stress-induced mitochondrial fusion

description: Merging of two or more mitochondria within a cell to form a single compartment, as a result of a disturbance in cellular homeostasis.


spindle matrix

description: A proteinaceous, nuclear-derived structure that embeds the microtubule spindle apparatus from pole to pole in a microtubule-independent manner during mitosis.


name: anterograde neuronal dense core vesicle transport

description: The directed movement of substances in neuronal dense core vesicles along axonal microtubules towards the presynapse.


name: retrograde neuronal dense core vesicle transport

description: The directed movement of neuronal dense core vesicles along axonal microtubules towards the cell body.


phosphatidic acid transfer activity

description: Removes a phosphatidic acid from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. Phosphatidic acid refers to a glycophospholipids with, in general, a saturated fatty acid bonded to carbon-1, an unsaturated fatty acid bonded to carbon-2, and a phosphate group bonded to carbon-3.


activation of protein kinase C activity

description: Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme protein kinase C.


ER to chloroplast lipid transport

description: The directed movement of a lipid from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the chloroplast.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: DNA containing 5-methylcytosine + H2O = DNA with abasic site + 5-methylcytosine. This reaction is the hydrolysis of DNA by cleavage of the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the DNA 5-methylcytosine and the deoxyribose sugar to remove the 5-methylcytosine, leaving an abasic site.


response to temozolomide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a temozolomide stimulus.


phenylacetaldehyde synthase activity

description: Catalyzes the reaction: L-phenylalanine + O2 + H2O -> phenylacetaldehyde + ammonia + hydrogen peroxide + CO2.


fruit replum development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruit replum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruit replum is a portion of fruit placenta tissue that divides a fruit into two or more chambers and develops from a replum.


fruit valve development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the fruit valve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The fruit valve is a part of a fruit that splits apart when the fruit dehisces.


maltose transport complex

description: Protein complex facilitating ATP-dependent maltose transport through inner cell membrane (periplasm to cytoplasm) in Gram-negative bacteria. In E. coli the system is composed of a periplasmic maltose-binding protein (MBP), two integral membrane proteins, MalF and MalG, and two copies of the cytoplasmic ATP-binding cassette MalK.


bacterial degradosome

description: The degradosome is a protein complex playing a key role in mRNA degradation and RNA processing. It includes a RNA helicase, a 3'-5' phosphate-dependent PNPase and a RNase E bound-enolase.


RPAP3/R2TP/prefoldin-like complex

description: A protein complex first characterized in human and comprised of a R2TP module (R2TP complex), a prefoldin-like module (containing both prefoldin-like proteins and canonical prefoldins), WD40 repeat protein Monad/WDR92 and DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunit RPB5. This complex might have chaperone activity.


Bam protein complex

description: Protein complex which is involved in assembly and insertion of beta-barrel proteins into the outer membrane. In E. coli it is composed of BamABCDE, of the outer membrane protein BamA, and four lipoproteins BamB, BamC, BamD and BamE. BamA interacts directly with BamB and the BamCDE subcomplex.


ground tissue pattern formation

description: The regionalization process that gives rise to the patterning of the ground tissue.


Dxr protein complex

description: A protein complex that is involved in the MEP pathway of IPP biosynthesis. It catalyzes the NADP-dependent rearrangement and reduction of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate (DXP) to 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP).


energy quenching

description: The process by which excess light energy absorbed by chlorophyll and not used to drive photosynthesis is emitted by nonphotochemical quenching or chlorophyll fluorescence.


intrachromosomal DNA recombination

description: The process of DNA recombination occurring within a single chromosome.


seed dehydration

description: The seed development process whose outcome is the drying of a maturing seed.


stomatal opening

description: The process of opening of stomata, pores in the epidermis of leaves and stems bordered by two guard cells and serving in gas exchange.


TRAPPI protein complex

description: A complex that tethers COPII vesicles at ER-Golgi intermediate compartment. Its role in this part of the vesicular transport may start at the ER exit sites. Binds to a component of the COPII coat. In yeast it includes the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33 which are regarded as the core subunits of all TRAPP complexes in yeast.


TRAPPII protein complex

description: A complex that mediates intra-Golgi traffic, Golgi exit, endosome-to-Golgi traffic, and the trafficking of autophagy proteins from Golgi to the phagophore assembly site. Binds to a component of the COPI coat. In yeast it includes the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Tca17, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33, Trs65, Trs120, Trs130. The whole complex is thought to dimerize with itself.


TRAPPIII protein complex

description: A complex that functions in anterograde transport at the Golgi and also regulates autophagy. In yeast it includes at least the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33, Trs85. TRAPPIII may include further, as yet undescribed, proteins.


perforation plate

description: A cell wall part that is the part of a wall of a vessel member and bears one or more openings (perforations).


name: polyuridylation-dependent mRNA catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of uridylyl residues (polyuridylation) at the 3' end of the target mRNA.


periciliary membrane compartment

description: A plasma membrane region adjacent to the base of eukaryotic cilia and flagella that is enriched in endocytosis-associated proteins and vesicles and that appears to regulate ciliary membrane homeostasis.


name: cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process involved in abscission

description: Any cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process that is involved in abscission.


primosome complex

description: Any of a family of protein complexes that form at the origin of replication or stalled replication forks and function in replication primer synthesis in all organisms. Early complexes initiate double-stranded DNA unwinding. The core unit consists of a replicative helicase and a primase. The helicase further unwinds the DNA and recruits the polymerase machinery. The primase synthesizes RNA primers that act as templates for complementary stand replication by the polymerase machinery. The primosome contains a number of associated proteins and protein complexes and contributes to the processes of replication initiation, lagging strand elongation, and replication restart.


replication inhibiting complex

description: A protein complex that inhibits multiple events of replication initiation during one replication cycle.


cartilage homeostasis

description: A tissue homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium within cartilage, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function.


2-phenylethylamine receptor activity

description: Combining with the biogenic amine 2-phenylethylamine to initiate a change in cell activity.


trimethylamine receptor activity

description: Combining with the biogenic amine trimethylamine to initiate a change in cell activity.


DnaA-L2 complex

description: A protein complex that inhibits unwinding of DNA at the origin of replication and assembly of the pre-primosome. In E. coli, this complex is composed of DnaA and of the ribosomal protein L2.


DnaA-Hda complex

description: A protein complex that inactivates the function of DnaA by inhibiting the phosphorylation of DnaA-ADP to DnaA-ATP and thereby preventing multiple events of replication initiation. In E. coli, this complex is composed of DnaA and Hda.


DnaA-Dps complex

description: A protein complex that negatively regulates strand-opening at the origin of replication, thereby interfering with replication initiation. This complex is thought to be involved in the regulation of replication under oxidative stress conditions. In E. coli, this complex is composed of DnaA and Dps.


Hda-beta clamp complex

description: A protein complex involved in inactivating the function of DnaA and thereby preventing multiple events of replication initiation. In E. coli, this complex is composed of the beta clamp (DnaN) and Hda.


lens fiber cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a lens fiber cell. Lens fiber cells are elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in a camera-type eye.


name: [methyl-Co(III) methanol-specific corrinoid protein]:coenzyme M methyltransferase

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a [methyl-Co(III) methanol-specific corrinoid protein] + coenzyme M = methyl-coenzyme M + a [Co(I) methanol-specific corrinoid protein] + H+.


response to nerve growth factor

description: A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nerve growth factor stimulus.


name: cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus

description: A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nerve growth factor stimulus.


sodium-dependent self proteolysis

description: The sodium-dependent hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their own peptide bonds.


calcium-dependent self proteolysis

description: The calcium-dependent hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their own peptide bonds.


SeqA-DNA complex

description: A protein-DNA complex that contains an oligomer of SeqA bound to GATC sites in methylated or newly-synthesized, hemi-methylated double-stranded DNA, with preference for the latter. Binding of SeqA to hemimethylated DNA sequesters oriC, prevents re-methylation of DNA by Dam and in turn stops premature re-initiation of replication during one replication cycle.


core primosome complex

description: A protein-DNA complex containing at least one DNA helicase and one primase. Can also contain associated proteins. The helicase component continues to unwind the double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and the primase component synthesizes a RNA primer during initiation or restart of replication.


pre-primosome complex

description: Any of the protein-DNA complexes that contain a DNA helicase and associated protein(s) at the origin of replication, and build up to assembling the core primosome. The associated protein(s) chaperone the helicase to the DNA, and assembly of the pre-primosome is essential for the initiation or restart of replication. Pre-primosome complexes lack a primase component.


DnaB-DnaC complex

description: A protein complex containing homohexameric DNA helicase DnaB, and the DNA helicase loader DnaC. The helicase loader DnaC delivers DnaB to the chromosomal origin (oriC).


DnaA-oriC complex

description: A protein-DNA complex containing the initiator protein DnaA bound to high-affinity recognition sites in the unique origin of replication, oriC. DnaA-oriC binding is the first step in assembly of a bacterial pre-replicative complex (pre-RC) and is responsible for the timely initiation of replication once per cell cycle.


DnaA-DiaA complex

description: A protein-DNA complex containing a tetramer of DiaA attached to multiple DnaA molecule bound to oriC DNA. Regulates timely initiation of chromosomal replication during the cell cycle by stimulating assembly of DnaA-oriC complexes, conformational changes in ATP-DnaA initiation complexes, and unwinding of oriC duplex DNA.


DnaA-HU complex

description: A protein-DNA complex containing DNA-bound DnaA attached to HU. HU is a dimer encoded by two closely related genes. Essential for the initiation of replication in bacteria; stimulates the DnaA-dependent unwinding of oriC.


DNA bending complex

description: A protein-DNA complex that contains DNA in combination with a protein which binds to and bends DNA. Often plays a role in DNA compaction.


thiazole synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + 2-iminoacetate + thiocarboxy-adenylate-[sulfur-carrier protein ThiS] = 2-[(2R,5Z)-2-carboxy-4-methylthiazol-5(2H)-ylidene]ethyl phosphate + [sulfur-carrier protein ThiS] + 2 H2O.


protein linear deubiquitination

description: A protein deubiquitination process in which a linear polymer of ubiquitin, formed by the amino-terminal methionine (M1) of one ubiquitin molecule and by the carboxy-terminal glycine (G76) of the next, is removed from a protein.


rejection of pollen from other species

description: The recognition and rejection of pollen of one species by cells in the stigma of another species.


callus formation

description: The process by which a callus is formed at a wound site. A plant callus is a portion of plant tissue that consists of mass of undifferentiated plant cells. It consists primarily of parenchyma cells but possibly contains other cell types as the callus begins to differentiate.


spermatoproteasome complex

description: A proteasome specifically found in mammalian testis. Contains the proteasome activator PA200 in the regulatory particle, and beta1i, beta2i, beta5i and/or alpha4s in the core (20S) subunit. Beta1i, beta2i and beta5i are inducible catalytic subunits, closely related to beta1, beta2 and beta5. Alpha4s is a sperm-specific 20S subunit, but unlike other alternative 20S subunits alpha4s lies in the outer alpha-ring and lacks catalytic activity.


RQC complex

description: A multiprotein complex that forms a stable complex with large ribosomal subunits (60S in eukaryotes and 50S in prokaryotes) containing stalled polypeptides and triggers their degradation (ribosomal quality control). In budding yeast, this complex includes Cdc48p, Rkr1p, Tae2p, Rqc1p, Npl4p and Ufd1p proteins.


RNA polymerase I assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the eukaryotic RNA polymerase I complex.


RNA polymerase II core complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the eukaryotic RNA polymerase II core complex.


RNA polymerase III assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the eukaryotic RNA polymerase III complex.


name: ribosome-associated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide encoded by an aberrant message and associated with a stalled ribosome. Degradation is initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the ribosome-associated protein.


name: B cell receptor apoptotic signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: An extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell.


RNA helicase inhibitor activity

description: Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of an RNA helicase.


H-NS complex

description: A multimer of H-NS proteins that is involved in bacterial nucleoid condensation and negative regulation of global gene expression by directly binding to promoter regions. Recognizes both structural and sequence-specific motifs in double-stranded DNA and has binding preference for bent DNA.


messenger ribonucleoprotein complex

description: A ribonucleoprotein complex containing both protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules.


DiaA complex

description: A homotetrameric protein complex consisting of a symmetrical pair of DiaA homodimers. Facilitates DnaA binding to the origin of replication during replication initiation.


name: intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator

description: The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of osmotic stress, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.


GATOR1 complex

description: A GTPase-activating protein (GAP) complex that regulates TORC1 signaling by interacting with the Rag GTPase. In human, the GATOR1 complex consists of DEPDC5, NPRL2, and NPRL3. In S. cerevisiae, this complex is referred to as SEACIT and contains the Iml1p, Npr2p, and Npr3p proteins.


Gtr1-Gtr2 GTPase complex

description: A heterodimer GTPase complex. In S. cerevisiae, this complex contains Gtr1p and Gtr2p proteins.


description: A heterotetrameric protein complex which adenylates two molecules of the sulfur carrier subunit of the molybdopterin cofactor synthase using ATP as part of molybdopterin cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis. In E. coli the subunits are MoeB and MoaD; in human the subunits are MOCS3 and MOCS2A. Moco biosynthesis and its constituent molecules are evolutionarily conserved.


name: epithelial cell apoptotic process involved in palatal shelf morphogenesis

description: An apoptotic process in a palatal shelf epithelial cell that contributes to the shaping of the palatal shelf.


flavonoid sulfotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a flavonoid + 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate = sulfated flavonoid + adenosine-3',5'-diphosphate. This reaction is the transfer of a sulfate group to the hydroxyl group of a flavonoid acceptor, producing the sulfated flavonoid derivative.


linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: linoleate + O2 = (9S,10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate.


plant seed peroxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: R1H + R2OOH = R1OH + R2OH.


neuron projection extension

description: Long distance growth of a single neuron projection involved in cellular development. A neuron projection is a prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite.


name: protein localization to nuclear periphery

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the nuclear periphery.


molybdopterin synthase complex

description: A heterotetrameric protein complex that catalyses sulfur transfer from the sulfur carrier subunit of molybdopterin synthase to precursor Z to synthesize molybdopterin as part of molybdopterin cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis. In E. coli the subunits are MoaE and MoaD; in human, MOCS2B and MOCS2A. Moco biosynthesis and its constituent molecules are evolutionarily conserved.


CoA-synthesizing protein complex

description: A multisubunit complex likely involved in the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA). In S. cerevisiae, the complex consists of at least Cab2, Cab3, Cab4 and Cab5 but may also include Sis2 and Vhs3. The latter subunits are shared by the GO:0071513 phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase complex that catalyses the third step of the coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthetic pathway.


name: intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxia

description: The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to hypoxia (lowered oxygen tension). Hypoxia, defined as a decline in O2 levels below normoxic levels of 20.8 - 20.95%, results in metabolic adaptation at both the cellular and organismal level. The pathway ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered.


maintenance of translational fidelity

description: Suppression of the occurrence of translational errors, such as codon-anticodon mis-paring, during the process of translation of a protein using an mRNA template.


protein localization to rhabdomere

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a rhabdomere.


talin binding

description: Binding to a talin, a family of related cytoskeletal proteins that play a role in assembly of actin filaments and migration of various cell types.


glutamate dehydrogenase complex

description: A homomeric protein complex that possesses glutamate dehydrogenase activity. This complex is evolutionarily conserved except that the number of homoprotomers per complex varies.


VEGF-A complex

description: A homodimeric, extracellular protein complex containing two VEGF-A monomers. Binds to and activates a receptor tyrosine kinase.


protein localization to cell tip

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location at the cell tip.


name: maintenance of protein localization to heterochromatin

description: A process in which a protein is maintained in a location in telomeric heterochromatin.


enzyme IIA-maltose transporter complex

description: A protein complex consisting of the pentameric maltose transporter complex bound to two enzyme IIA (EIIA) molecules. EIIA is a component of the glucose-specific phosphotransferase system that inhibits maltose transport from the periplasm to the cytoplasm. When EIIA-bound, the maltose transporter remains in the open, inward-facing conformation, which prevents binding of maltose-loaded maltose binding protein (MBP) to the transporter.


name: Dsc E3 ubiquitin ligase complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a Dsc E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex localized to the ER and Golgi membrane.


DnaB-DnaG complex

description: A protein complex containing homohexameric DnaB helicase, and DnaG (a primase). Facilitates the unwinding of double-stranded DNA and the synthesis of RNA primer sequences during DNA replication and repair in Prokaryotes.


DnaA-DnaB-DnaC complex

description: A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC bound to the DNA-bound DNA replication initiation protein DnaA. Essential for DNA replication initiation.


DnaB-DnaC-DnaT-PriA-PriB complex

description: A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC, replication restart proteins DnaT, PriA and PriB, and associated DNA. Involved in the restart of DNA replication after a stalled replication fork has been repaired.


DnaB-DnaC-DnaT-PriA-PriC complex

description: A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC, replication restart proteins DnaT, PriA and PriC, and associated DNA. Involved in the restart of DNA replication after a stalled replication fork has been repaired.


DnaB-DnaC-Rep-PriC complex

description: A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC, replication restart proteins Rep and PriC, and associated DNA. Involved in the restart of DNA replication after a stalled replication fork has been repaired.


DnaB helicase complex

description: A homohexameric protein complex that possesses DNA helicase activity; functions during DNA replication and repair.


histone H3K4 deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H3 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 4) + H2O = histone H3 L-lysine (position 4) + acetate. This reaction represents the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 4 of the histone H3 protein.


name: single-strand break-containing DNA binding

description: Binding to damaged DNA containing single-strand breaks (SSBs).


name: protein localization to site of double-strand break

description: Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, a region of a chromosome at which a DNA double-strand break has occurred.


protein K27-linked deubiquitination

description: A protein deubiquitination process in which a K27-linked ubiquitin chain, i.e. a polymer of ubiquitin formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 27 of the ubiquitin monomers, is removed from a protein.


protein K33-linked deubiquitination

description: A protein deubiquitination process in which a K33-linked ubiquitin chain, i.e. a polymer of ubiquitin formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 33 of the ubiquitin monomers, is removed from a protein.


stress response to copper ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis caused by a copper ion stimulus.


stress response to cadmium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis caused by a cadmium ion stimulus.


name: SCF complex disassembly in response to cadmium stress

description: The disaggregation of the SCF ubiquitin ligase complex in response to cadmium stress.


name: G protein-coupled receptor catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a G protein-coupled receptor.


protein localization to nucleoplasm

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the nucleoplasm.


name: phosphodiesterase decapping endonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the removal of the cap from an unmethylated 5'-end capped RNA resulting in the release of the entire cap structure (GpppN) and a 5' monophosphorylated RNA.


EH domain binding

description: Binding to an EH domain of a protein. The EH stand for Eps15 homology. This was originally identified as a motif present in three copies at the NH2-termini of Eps15 and of the related molecule Eps15R.


MalFGK2 complex

description: Protein complex involved in maltose transport through the plasma membrane. In E. coli, the complex is a tetramer and consists of a cytoplasmic ATPase MalK homodimer together with a heterodimeric transmembrane subunit MalF-MalG.


IHF-DNA complex

description: A protein-DNA complex containing IHF heterodimers (an alpha and a beta chain) bound to DNA. IHF binds to double-stranded DNA in a structure- and sequence-specific manner and bends the DNA into a nucleosome-like structure, the bacterial nucleoid.


HU-DNA complex

description: A protein-DNA complex that consists of HU heterodimers (an alpha and a beta chain) assembled into octamers along DNA. HU binds to double-stranded DNA in a structure- and sequence-specific manner and bends the DNA into a nucleosome-like structure.


name: protein localization to actomyosin contractile ring

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the actomyosin contractile ring.


mitochondrial tRNA 3'-end processing

description: The process in which the 3' end of a pre-tRNA molecule is converted to that of a mature tRNA in the mitochondrion.


name: acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pantothenate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from pantothenate via phosphopantothenate and CoA.


exosomal secretion

description: The process whereby a membrane-bounded vesicle is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane.


name: lymphatic vascular process in circulatory system

description: A circulatory process that occurs at the level of the lymphatic vasculature.


amino acid transport complex

description: A heteromeric protein complex consisting of a multi-transmembrane spanning subunit (the light chain) and a type II glycoprotein subunit (the heavy chain) that functions to transport amino acids across a plasma membrane.


name: regulation of lymphatic vascular permeability

description: Any process that modulates the extent to which lymphatic vessels can be pervaded by fluid.


regulation of lymphatic vessel size

description: Any process that modulates the size of lymphatic vessels.


euchromatin binding

description: Binding to euchromatin, a dispersed and relatively uncompacted form of chromatin.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + N-terminal L-serine in peptide = CoA + N-acetyl-L-serine-peptide.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + N-terminal L-glutamate in peptide = CoA + N-acetyl-L-glutamate-peptide.


cobalamin transport complex

description: Protein complex facilitating ATP-dependent cobalamin (vitamin B12) transport through inner cell membrane (periplasm to cytoplasm) in Gram-negative bacteria. In E. coli the system is composed of a periplasmic cobalamin-binding protein (BtuF), an integral membrane homodimer, BtuC, and a cytoplasmic ATP-binding homodimer BtuD.


name: collecting lymphatic vessel constriction

description: A decrease in the diameter of collecting lymphatic vessels.


BtuCD complex

description: Protein complex involved in cobalamin (vitamin B12) transport through the plasma membrane. In E. coli, the complex is a tetramer and consists of the cytoplasmic ATPase BtuD homodimer together with the transmembrane BtuC homodimer.


cytoplasmic U snRNP body assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a cytoplasmic U snRNP body.


name: macrolide transmembrane transporter complex

description: A bacterial transmembrane transporter complex that spans the entire cell membrane system and possesses ATP-dependent xenobiotic transport activity pumping drugs (typically antibiotics) and other toxins directly from the cytosol out of the bacterial cell. Typically, it is trimeric consisting of a inner membrane ATPase (IMP), a periplasmic membrane fusion protein (MFP) and an outer membrane factor (OMF). In E. coli, macrolide transporter complexes may consists of MacB (IMP), MacA (MFP) and TolC (OMF) or AcrB (IMP), AcrA (MFP) and TolC (OMF). Trimeric TolC is a common OMF found in many macrolide transporter complexes.


MacAB-TolC complex

description: The MacAB-TolC complex is a macrolide transporter complex found in E.coli and related gram-negative bacteria. Its transport activity is specific to macrolide compounds containing 14- and 15-membered lactones. It consists of the dimeric inner membrane ATPase MacB, the hexameric, periplasmic membrane fusion protein MacA and the trimeric outer membrane factor TolC.


name: methionine-importing ABC transporter complex

description: An ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex that is capable of methionine-importing activity. An example is the bacterial MetNIQ methionine transporter, that consists of the dimeric ATPase subunit MetN located at the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane and the dimeric transmembrane subunit MetI. MetQ is regarded as the periplasmic methionine-binding chaperon subunit, and is capable of transporting methionine from the periplasm into the cytoplasm in an ATP-dependent manner.


ModE complex

description: A dimeric protein complex containing two ModE subunits. Binds directly to DNA to regulate transcription, and is involved in (positively and negatively) regulating various aspects of molybdenum metabolism.


MsbA transporter complex

description: An ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex made up of a dimer of MsbA. Facilitates the export across the plasma membrane of, amongst others, lipid A and lipopolysaccharide. In contrast to most ABC transporter complexes, each chain of the homodimer contains both the transmembrane domain (TMD) and the cytoplasmic ATP-binding domain (NBD).


SsuD-SsuE complex

description: A protein complex containing an alkanesulfonate monooxygenase subunit (SsuD tetramer in E.coli) and a flavin oxidoreductase subunit (SsuE dimer in E.coli). Involved in the utilization of alkanesulfonates as sulfur sources under conditions of sulfate or cysteine starvation.


alkanesulfonate monooxygenase complex

description: A protein complex capable of alkanesulfonate monooxygenase activity. Involved in the utilization of alkanesulfonates as sulfur sources under conditions of sulfate or cysteine starvation, catalyzing the conversion of alkanesulfonates into aldehydes and sulfite. In E.coli the complex consists of a SsuD tetramer.


FMN reductase complex

description: A protein complex capable of FMN reductase activity. Reduces FMN to FMNH2 in a NAD(P)H-dependent manner. In E.coli, consists of a SsuE dimer.


MdtBC Complex

description: A protein complex containing two transmembrane subunits; a MdtB dimer and one unit of MdtC. Capable of exporting substrates across the cell membrane. Involved in conferring antibiotic resistance of Gram-negative bacteria by transporting drugs across the membrane.


oxidoreductase complex

description: Any protein complex that possesses oxidoreductase activity.


taurine dioxygenase complex

description: A protein complex capable of catalyzing the conversion of taurine and alpha-ketoglutarate to sulfite, aminoacetaldehyde and succinate under sulfur or cysteine starvation conditions. Its expression is repressed by the presence of sulfate or cysteine. In E. coli it is a homodimer or homotetramer of the protein TauD.


name: jasmonyl-Ile conjugate hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: jasmonyl-Ile + H2O = jasmonic acid + L-isoleucine.


EmrE multidrug transporter complex

description: A transmembrane protein complex capable of transporting positively charged hydrophobic drugs across the plasma membrane thereby involved in conferring resistance to a wide range of toxic compounds (e.g. methyl viologen, ethidium bromide and acriflavine). It is commonly found in bacteria. In E. coli it forms a homodimer.


name: symbiont-mediated perturbation of host vesicle-mediated transport

description: A process in which a symbiont alters or subverts vesicle-mediated transport in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: symbiont-mediated activation of host transcription

description: A process in which a symbiont initiates, promotes, or enhances transcription of genes into mRNA in its host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: suppression by symbiont of host phytoalexin production

description: Any process in which a symbiont stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phytoalexin production in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


GroEL-GroES complex

description: Bacterial chaperonin complex consisting of a heptameric 10kDa chaperonin subunit GroES and a tetradecameric (2x7) 60kDa chaperonin subunit GroEL. The 60kDa subunit possesses ATPase activity while the holo-enzyme is responsible for the correct folding of proteins.


L-cysteine desulfurase complex

description: A protein complex capable of cysteine desulfurase activity decomposing L-cysteine to L-alanine and sulfur. It belongs to a ubiquitous family of pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes.


ProVWX complex

description: The ProVWX complex belongs to the family of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins complexes. It consists of a cytoplasmic ATPase subunit ProV, a transmembrane subunit ProW and a periplasmic binding protein ProX. It is capable of translocating a wide variety of solute (e.g. glycine betaine) across the plasma membrane and is activated under osmotic stress conditions.


NMN phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: beta-nicotinamide D-ribonucleotide (NMN-) + H2O = beta-nicotinamide D-riboside (nicotinamide ribose, NmR) + phosphate.


rhoptry neck

description: Narrow, electron-dense part of the rhoptry that extends through the conoid at the apical tip of an apicomplexan parasite. The rhoptry neck serves as a duct through which the contents of the rhoptry are secreted after attachment to the host has been completed and at the commencement of invasion.


histone methyltransferase binding

description: Binding to a histone methyltransferase enzyme.


paranodal junction maintenance

description: The maintenance of a paranodal junction, a highly specialized cell-cell junction found in vertebrates, which forms between a neuron and a glial cell, and has structural similarity to Drosophila septate junctions. A paranodal junction flanks the node of Ranvier in myelinated nerve, electrically isolates the myelinated from unmyelinated nerve segments, and physically separates the voltage-gated sodium channels at the node from the cluster of potassium channels underneath the myelin sheath.


sulfurtransferase complex

description: A protein complex capable of catalyzing the transfer of sulfur atoms from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


iron-sulfur cluster assembly complex

description: A protein complex capable of assembling an iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster.


iron-sulfur cluster transfer complex

description: A protein complex capable of catalyzing the transfer of an iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor), which may be a target protein or another Fe-S assembly complex. In humans, it consists of HSPA9, HSCB, GLRX5, ABCB7 and GFER.


STING complex

description: A protein dimer containing two STING monomers. It binds cyclic purine di-nucleotides. Activation of the sting complex by 2',5'-3'-5'-cyclic GMP-AMP activates nuclear transcription factor kB (NF-kB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) which then induce transcription of the genes encoding type I IFN and cytokines active in the innate immune response.


phosphomannomutase complex

description: A protein complex capable of phosphomannomutase activity.


description: A protein complex capable of catalyzing the transfer of a phosphate group from one position to another within a single molecule.


transferase complex

description: A protein complex capable of catalyzing the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor).


diamine N-acetyltransferase complex

description: A protein complex which is capable of diamine N-acetyltransferase activity.


name: proteasome core complex import into nucleus

description: The directed movement of the proteasome core complex (AKA core particle (CP)) from the cytoplasm into the nucleus.


name: double-stranded DNA endonuclease activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within a double-stranded DNA molecule by creating internal breaks.


steroid hormone binding

description: Binding to a steroid hormone.


atf1-pcr1 complex

description: A heterodimeric transcription factor complex composed of the bZIP proteins atf1 and pcr1. The heterodimer binds m26 sites (homologous to CRE).


histone H2AT120 kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H2A-threonine (position 120) + ATP = histone H2A-phosphothreonine (position 120) + ADP. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to the threonine residue at position 120 of histone H2A.


uniplex complex

description: A calcium channel complex in the mitochondrial inner membrane capable of highly-selective calcium channel activity. Its components include the EF-hand-containing proteins mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 (MICU1) and MICU2, the pore-forming subunit mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and its paralog MCUb, and the MCU regulator EMRE.


name: N6-methyladenosine-containing RNA reader activity

description: A protein adaptor that recognizes and binds an RNA molecule modified by N6-methyladenosine (m6A), a modification present at internal sites of mRNAs and some non-coding RNAs.


name: nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition complex

description: A protein complex that is capable of identifying lesions in DNA, such as pyrimidine-dimers, intrastrand cross-links, and bulky adducts. The wide range of substrate specificity suggests that the repair complex recognizes distortions in the DNA helix. It subsequently recruits a nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex.


name: transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition complex

description: A protein complex that is capable of identifying lesions in DNA on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex as well as a small subset of lesions not recognized by the general nucleotide-excision repair pathway. The wide range of substrate specificity suggests that the repair complex recognizes distortions in the DNA helix. It subsequently recruits a nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex.


nuclear exosome focus

description: An nuclear body involved in nuclear mRNA surveilllance. Contains at least Mmi1, or an ortholog of it, and the nuclear exosome.


Syp1 complex

description: A protein complex that contributes to the endocytic process and bud growth in yeast. It is involved in the precise timing of actin assembly during endocytosis.


cellular response to leucine starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of leucine.


keratin filament binding

description: Binding to a keratin filament, an intermediate filament composed of acidic and basic keratins (types I and II), typically expressed in epithelial cells.


subsynaptic reticulum organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a subsynaptic reticulum. A subsynaptic reticulum is an elaborate tubulolamellar membrane system that underlies the postsynaptic cell membrane.


signal clustering

description: Grouping of multiple copies of a signal at a cellular location. May promote receptor clustering and alter the signal transduction response.


piccolo-bassoon transport vesicle

description: A cytoplasmic dense-core vesicle that transports a range of proteins including piccolo, bassoon, N-cadherin and syntaxin. The transported proteins may be associated with the external side of the vesicle, rather than being contained within the vesicle, therefore forming an aggregate of vesicle and proteins. Piccolo-bassoon transport vesicles (or PTVs) range in size from approximately 80 nm in diameter for dense core vesicles to 130 nm by 220 nm in area for aggregates. They are packaged via the trans-Golgi network before being transported through the axon.


name: histone H2AQ104 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + (histone H2A)-glutamine (position 104) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + (histone H2A)-N5-methyl-glutamine (position 104). Note that this corresponds to Q105 in yeast.


pre-mRNA catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the unspliced pre-mRNA (pre-messenger RNA).


name: anti-Mullerian hormone receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of anti-Mullerian hormone to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Upon ligand binding, the receptor  forms a complex consisting of two type II and two type I transmembrane serine/threonine kinases. Type II receptors phosphorylate and activate type I receptors which autophosphorylate, then bind and activate SMAD transcriptional regulators.


name: peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation involved in inactivation of protein kinase activity

description: Any peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation that is involved in inactivation of protein kinase activity.


platelet-derived growth factor complex

description: A protein complex consisting of two chains of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) subunits. PDGF dimers bind to PDGF receptors in the plasma membrane and induce receptor dimerization and activation. PDGFs are involved in a wide variety of signaling processes. PDGFs are found in all vertebrates where at least 2 different chains (A and B) exist. In human (and other mammals), four types of PDGF chains (A, B, C, and D) are known which form five different dimers (AA, AB, BB, CC and DD).


neutrophil migration

description: The movement of a neutrophil within or between different tissues and organs of the body.


name: response to transition metal nanoparticle

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a transition metal nanoparticle.


response to gold nanoparticle

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gold nanoparticle stimulus.


name: RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain phosphoserine binding

description: Binding to phosphorylated serine residues in the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II.


name: platelet-derived growth factor receptor-ligand complex

description: A tetrameric protein complex consisting of two platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor subunits and two PDGF ligand subunits. Binding of the PDGF ligand dimer to the PDGF receptor in the plasma membrane induces receptor dimerization and activation. PDGFs are involved in a wide variety of signaling processes and are found in all vertebrates. At least two different receptor chains (A and B) and four types of ligand chains (A, B, C, and D) are known forming a wide variety of combinations of receptor-ligand complexes.


name: anti-Mullerian hormone receptor activity

description: Combining with anti-Mullerian hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: snRNA 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine (TMG) capping

description: The sequence of enzymatic reactions by which a 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine cap structure is added to the 5' end of an snRNA. The snRNA capping process includes the formation of 7-methyl-G caps found on all RNA polymerase II transcripts, followed by hypermethylation at the 2' position of the guanosine residue to convert a mono-methylated cap to a 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine cap structure. Note that the pol III transcribed U6 snRNA is also TMG capped.


preribosome binding

description: Binding to a preribosome.


name: RNA 5'-gamma-phosphate methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the 5'-gamma-phosphate in an RNA molecule.


name: parasexual reproduction with cellular fusion

description: A type of reproduction in which new individuals are produced from two individuals, with the fusion of two somatic cells.


RNA localization to chromatin

description: A process in which RNA is transported to and maintained in a part of a chromosome that is organized into chromatin.


efflux pump complex

description: A protein complex that is capable of efflux transmembrane transporter activity.


description: The phosphorylation of a peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine on an identical protein. For example, phosphorylation by the other kinase within a homodimer.


post-anaphase microtubule array

description: A cytoskeletal part that consists of an array of microtubules and associated molecules that forms at the end of anaphase, and in which microtubules are nucleated from an equatorial microtubule organizing center.


renal amino acid absorption

description: A renal system process in which amino acids are taken up from the collecting ducts, glomerulus and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures.


bub1-bub3 complex

description: Protein complex that associates with the kinetochores.


name: Bub1-Bub3 complex localization to kinetochore

description: A cellular protein complex localization that acts on a Bub1-Bub3 complex; as a result, the complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location at the kinetochore.


cellulosome binding

description: Binding to a cellulosome, an extracellular multi-enzyme complex containing several enzymes aligned on a non-catalytic scaffolding that functions to hydrolyze plant cell wall polysaccharides.


Bre1-Rad6 ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex consisting of Bre1 and Rad6 that mediates monoubiquitination of histone H2B to form H2BK123ub1. H2BK123ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation, elongation by RNA polymerase II, telomeric silencing, and is also a prerequisite for H3K4me and H3K79me formation. It thereby plays a central role in histone code and gene regulation. It also modulates the formation of double-strand breaks during meiosis.


UBR1-RAD6 ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex consisting of UBR1 and RAD6 components. It polyubiquitinates proteins containing non-acetylated N-terminal residues causing their subsequent degradation by the proteasome as part of the Ac/N-End Rule pathway. It recognizes non-acetylated N-terminal methionine if it is followed by a hydrophobic residue. Additionally, it acts in an N-end rule independent manner as a component of a novel quality control pathway for proteins synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes.


MUB1-RAD6-UBR2 ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex consisting of MUB1, RAD6 and UBR2 components. It ubiquitinates, and targets for destruction, the RPN4 transcription factor, which upregulates the proteasome genes. The binding of MUB1 may position the RPN4 ubiquitylation site proximal to the Ubiquitin-RAD6 thioester and allow the transfer of Ubiquitin from RAD6 to RPN4. One of its components, MUB1, is a short-lived protein ubiquitinated by the UBR2-RAD6 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme.


RAD6-UBR2 ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex consisting of RAD6 and UBR2 components. It may act in a quality control pathway for proteins synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes. The UBR2 component lacks sequence motifs required for N-end rule degradation.


RSP5-BUL ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex consisting of RSP5 and BUL components. It polyubiquinates plasma membrane transporters and permeases, required for their endocytosis and subsequent degradation in the vacuole. BUL1 or BUL2, respectively, bind to the target protein, enabling ubiquitylation by Rsp5. Phosphorylation of BUL proteins results in binding to 14-3-3 proteins, protecting the permeases from down-regulation.


type-I dockerin domain binding

description: Binding to a type-I dockerin domain of a protein. Type-I dockerin domain is the binding partner of type-1 cohesin domain.


type-II dockerin domain binding

description: Binding to a type-II dockerin domain of a protein. Type-II dockerin domain is the binding partner of type-II cohesin domain.


type-III dockerin domain binding

description: Binding to a type-III dockerin domain of a protein. Type-III dockerin domain is the binding partner of type-III cohesin domain.


type-I cohesin domain binding

description: Binding to a type-I cohesin domain of a protein. Type-I cohesin domain is the binding partner of type-I dockerin domain.


type-II cohesin domain binding

description: Binding to a type-II cohesin domain of a protein. Type-II cohesin domain is the binding partner of type-II dockerin domain.


type-III cohesin domain binding

description: Binding to a type-III cohesin domain of a protein. Type-III cohesin domain is the binding partner of type-III dockerin domain.


name: cellular response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin-like growth factor stimulus.


Mcs4 RR-MAPKKK complex

description: A protein complex that consists of a phospho relay component and a MAPK cascade component. The complex is involved in signaling oxidative stress and osmostress.


Atg1/ULK1 kinase complex

description: A protein complex consisting of Atg1 (or Atg1 homologs e.g. ULK1, ULK2 in mammals) and Atg13 along with other proteins that regulate its function (e.g. Atg17 in yeast or RB1CC1(FIP200) in mammals). This complex has serine/threonine protein kinase activity and is involved in autophagosome formation.


Gin4 complex

description: A protein complex involved in septin ring formation during mitosis. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae it consists of BNI5, CDC3, CDC10, CDC11, CDC12, GIN4, NAP1 and SHS1. At least 2 GIN4 molecules are involved.


collagen type XIX trimer

description: A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XIX) chains; type XIX collagen triple helices localize to basement membrane zones in differentiating muscle cells.


collagen type XX trimer

description: A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XX) chains.


collagen type XXI trimer

description: A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXI) chains; type XXI collagen triple helices found in the extracellular matrix component of blood vessel walls and in the cytoplasm of cultured human aortic smooth muscle.


collagen type XXII trimer

description: A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXII) chains; type XXII collagen triple helices acts as a cell adhesion ligand for skin epithelial cells and fibroblasts.


collagen type XXIII trimer

description: A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXIII) chains; type XXIII collagen triple helices span the plasma membrane.


collagen type XXIV trimer

description: A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXIV) chains; type XXIV collagen triple helices may participate in regulating type I collagen fibrillogenesis at specific anatomical locations during fetal development.


collagen type XXVI trimer

description: A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXVI) chains.


collagen type XXVII trimer

description: A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXVII) chains. These trimers form thin, non-striated fibrils. Type XXVII collagen triple helices play a role during the calcification of cartilage and the transition of cartilage to bone.


collagen type XXVIII trimer

description: A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXVIII) chains.


collagen type XXV trimer

description: A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXV) chains; type XXV collagen triple helices span the plasma membrane.


RPB4-RPB7 complex

description: A protein complex that cycles between the nucleus where it is part of the RNA polymerase II and the cytoplasmic mRNA processing body where it mediates the two major cytoplasmic mRNA decay pathways.


IscS-TusA complex

description: A heterotetrameric protein complex involved in the sulfur-relay system required for 2-thiolation of 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm5s2U) at tRNA wobble positions. In E. coli it consists of a central IscS dimer with the two TusA protomers bound to one of the IscS units each via persulfide (-SSH) groups.


IscS-IscU complex

description: A heterotetrameric protein complex involved in the sulfur transfer during iron-sulfur cluster assembly and in the modification of tRNA wobble positions. In E. coli it consists of a central IscS dimer with the IscU protomers attached to one of the IscS units each via a disulfide (-SSH) group.


Hpa2 acetyltransferase complex

description: A tetrameric protein complex capable of acetyltransferase activity. It can catalyze the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to an acceptor residue on histone H-3, histone H-4, or on polyamines. The complex is also capable of acetylating certain small basic proteins. The two Hpa2 dimers that make up the tetramer are held together by interactions between the bound acetyl-CoA molecules.


Ire1 complex

description: A type-I transmembrane protein complex located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) consisting of an IRE1-IRE1 dimer, which forms in response to the accumulation of unfolded protein in the ER. The dimeric complex has endoribonuclease (RNase) activity and evokes the unfolded protein response (UPR) by cleaving an intron of a mRNA coding for the transcription factor HAC1 in yeast or XBP1 in mammals; the complex cleaves a single phosphodiester bond in each of two RNA hairpins (with non-specific base paired stems and loops of consensus sequence CNCNNGN, where N is any base) to remove an intervening intron from the target transcript.


name: mitotic checkpoint complex, CDC20-MAD2 subcomplex

description: A protein complex involved in the spindle checkpoint, preventing the activation of the anaphase-promoting complex until all chromosomes are correctly attached in a bipolar fashion to the mitotic spindle. In budding yeast this complex consists of Mad2p and Cdc20p, and in mammalian cells it consists of MAD2 and CDC20.


Bfa1-Bub2 complex

description: A protein complex that acts as a two-component GTPase-activating protein for Tem1 GTPase, thus regulating a signal transduction cascade, called the mitotic exit network (MEN), which is required for mitotic exit and cytokinesis. Bub2/Bfa1 keeps Tem1 inactive until the spindle is properly oriented, thus inhibiting MEN activation.


laminin-14 complex

description: A laminin complex composed of alpha4, beta2 and gamma3 polypeptide chains.


laminin-522 complex

description: A laminin complex composed of alpha5, beta2 and gamma2 polypeptide chains.


laminin-15 complex

description: A laminin complex composed of alpha5, beta2 and gamma3 polypeptide chains.


thrombospondin complex

description: A homotrimeric or homopentameric glycoprotein that functions at the interface of the cell membrane and the extracellular matrix through its interactions with proteins and proteoglycans, such as collagens, integrins and fibronectin, to regulate matrix structure and cellular behaviour.


heterochromatin island

description: A region of facultative heterochromatin formed dynamically at specific loci in response to environmental signals, independently of RNAi.


heterochromatin domain

description: A region of heterochromatin that is formed dynamically under specific growth conditions by a process that requires RNAi, and is enriched in histone H3 methylated on lysine 9 (H3K9me).


secondary cell septum biogenesis

description: A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a secondary cell septum following nuclear division.


BID-BCL-xl complex

description: A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of BID and BCL-xl, members of the Bcl-2 family of anti- and proapoptotic regulators.


name: gap junction-mediated intercellular transport

description: The movement of substances between cells via gap junctions. A gap junction is a fine cytoplasmic channel, found in animal cells, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell, allowing ions and other molecules to pass freely between the two cells.


glucose transporter complex

description: A protein complex facilitating glucose transport into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.


transporter complex

description: A protein complex facilitating transport of molecules (proteins, small molecules, nucleic acids) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.


BRE1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A homodimeric protein complex composed of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BRE1. Plays a role in regulating association of RNA polymerase II with active genes.


Fused-Smurf ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex. In D. melanogaster, it regulates ubiquitination and proteolysis of the BMP receptor Thickveins in cystoblasts, potentially by controlling Tkv ubiquitination and degradation.


activated SUMO-E1 ligase complex

description: A protein complex consisting of a SUMO protein bound to a SUMO activating enzyme complex. Activation by the E1 complex and linkage to the E2 enzyme UBE2I is required for the formation of covalent bonds between SUMO and its ultimate target proteins.


name: L-methionine salvage from methionine sulphoxide

description: The generation of L-methionine from methionine sulphoxide.


terminal web

description: An actin-rich cytoskeletal network located beneath the microvilli of the apical plasma membrane of polarized epithelial cells. In addition to actin filaments, the terminal web may contain actin-binding proteins, myosin motor proteins, and intermediate filaments. The terminal web can function as a contractile structure that influences the spatial distribution of microvilli as well as the development and morphogenesis of tissues containing polarized epithelial cells.


xylanosome

description: A multifunctional supermolecular complex, containing several proteins with hemicellulase activity. Functions to hydrolyze hemicellulose.


stress response to zinc ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis caused by a zinc ion stimulus.


PKM2 protein kinase complex

description: A protein complex capable of phosphorylating a large number of protein targets. Contributes to cell proliferation under glycose starvation conditions. In human, the complex is present as a dimer.


PKM2 pyruvate kinase complex

description: A protein complex capable of pyruvate kinase activity. PKM2 only exists as homotetramer when bound to beta-d-fructofuranose 1,6-bisphosphate (CHEBI:28013).


butanol dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: butan-1-ol + NAD+ = butanal + H+ + NADH.


name: Kir2 inward rectifier potassium channel complex

description: A inward rectifier potassium channel complex. Homo- or heterotetramer composed of subunits of the eukaryotic Kir2 protein family. Plays a key role in maintaining the correct resting potential in eukaryotic cells.


baculum development

description: The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of the baculum over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


organomineral extracellular matrix

description: An extracellular matrix consisting of a densely packed organomineral assembly in which the mineral phase represents the majority of the material by weight.


upstream stimulatory factor complex

description: A protein complex capable of sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity through binding to a symmetrical DNA sequence (E-boxes) (5'-CACGTG-3'). Found in a variety of viral and cellular promoters.


name: lipid transport across blood-brain barrier

description: The directed movement of lipid molecules passing through the blood-brain barrier.


K48-linked deubiquitinase activity

description: Hydrolysis of a ubiquitin unit from a ubiquitinated protein linked via the Lys48 residue of ubiquitin.


ubiquitin-specific protease binding

description: Binding to a ubiquitin-specific protease.


cellular response to biotin starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of biotin.


hyaloid vascular plexus regression

description: The developmental process in which the hyaloid vascular plexus is destroyed as a part of its normal progression.


meiotic spindle midzone

description: The area in the center of the meiotic spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap.


mitotic cleavage furrow ingression

description: Advancement of the mitotic cleavage furrow from the outside of the cell inward towards the center of the cell. The cleavage furrow acts as a 'purse string' which draws tight to separate daughter cells during mitotic cytokinesis and partition the cytoplasm between the two daughter cells. The furrow ingresses until a cytoplasmic bridge is formed.


isogloboside biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a lactosyl-ceramide derivative in which a galactose is linked to the galactose via an alpha 1,3 linkage (vs alpha 1,4 for globosides).


xylem-to-phloem iron transport

description: The directed movement of iron ions into the phloem from the xylem.


name: CUE1-UBC7 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme complex

description: A protein complex capable of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme activity during ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD). In S. cerevisiae, UBC7 is the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2) and requires binding to the ER surface by CUE1.


protein K33-linked ubiquitination

description: A protein ubiquitination process in which a polymer of ubiquitin, formed by linkages between lysine residues at position 33 of the ubiquitin monomers, is added to a protein.


DNA repair complex

description: A protein complex involved in DNA repair processes including direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, photoreactivation, bypass, double-strand break repair pathway, and mismatch repair pathway.


EFF-1 complex

description: A trimeric cell-cell fusion complex that serves as a scaffold for zippering up the extracellular domains, bringing the transmembrane segments into close proximity such that they can continue zippering within the two membranes into one. Two prefusion monomers cluster at the surface of adjacent cells. Parallel EFF-1 interactions occur across cells and a third monomer, which can come from either cell, adds on to make an intermediate, extended trimer.


3M complex

description: A protein complex, at least composed of CUL7, CCDC8 and OBSL1, that is required for maintaining microtubule and genome integrity.


cellular response to cell wall damage

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of cell wall damage. The process begins with detection of the damage and ends with a change in state or activity of the cell.


meiotic spindle pole body organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the meiotic spindle pole body.


name: single-strand break repair via homologous recombination

description: The error-free repair of a single-strand break in DNA in which the broken DNA molecule is repaired using homologous sequences. A strand in the broken DNA searches for a homologous region in an intact chromosome to serve as the template for DNA synthesis. The restoration of two intact DNA molecules results in the exchange, reciprocal or nonreciprocal, of genetic material between the intact DNA molecule and the broken DNA molecule.


queuosine salvage

description: Any process which produces queuosine from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis.


Cus cation efflux complex

description: Transmembrane complex that mediates resistance to copper and silver by cation efflux directly from the cell using the proton-motive force. Spans the inner membrane, periplasm, and outer membrane. Primarily activated under anaerobic conditions by CusR and CusS but also expressed under extreme copper stress, in aerobic growth.


epithelium regeneration

description: The regrowth of lost or destroyed epithelium.


name: mitochondrial ribosomal large subunit rRNA binding

description: Binding to a mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit RNA (LSU rRNA).


embryonic lung development

description: The process occurring during the embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the lung over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


embryonic liver development

description: The process occurring during the embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


embryonic brain development

description: The process occurring during the embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: amino acyl-[protein] + NAD+ = H+ + (ADP-D-ribosyl)-amino acyl-[protein] + nicotinamide.


protein antigen binding

description: Binding to a protein antigen.


CGRP receptor complex

description: A transmembrane, G protein-coupled signaling receptor complex recognized by calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRP).


calcitonin gene-related peptide binding

description: Binding to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP).


name: calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) combining with a calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor on the surface of the target cell. Calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors may form dimers, trimers or tetramers.


adrenomedullin binding

description: Binding to adrenomedullin (AM).


name: adrenomedullin receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by an extracellular adrenomedullin combining with a dimeric adrenomedullin receptor on the surface of the target cell.


name: hercynylcysteine sulfoxide lyase activity (ergothioneine-forming)

description: Catalysis of the reaction: hercynylcysteine sulfoxide + 2H+ = ergothioneine + pyruvate + ammonium.


eyespot apparatus

description: A small pigmented organelle used in single-celled organisms to detect light.


name: replication-born double-strand break repair via sister chromatid exchange

description: The repair of a replication-born double-strand DNA break in which the DNA molecule is repaired using the homologous sequence of the sister chromatid which serves as a template to repair the breaks.


name: cellular response to brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulus

description: A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a brain-derived neurotrophic factor stimulus.


snoRNA release from pre-rRNA

description: The release of snoRNA from pre-rRNA.


name: response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin-like growth factor stimulus.


name: establishment of septation initiation network asymmetry

description: The septation initiation signaling process by which the activity of the septation initiation network (SIN) is activated asymmetrically on the spindle pole bodies.


name: glyoxalase (glycolic acid-forming) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: glyoxal + H2O = glycolic acid. Catalysis occurs in the absence of a cofactor.


RZZ complex

description: A kinetochore component required for both meiotic and mitotic spindle assembly checkpoints.


protein arginine kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein arginine = ADP + protein arginine phosphate.


ryanodine receptor complex

description: A voltage-gated calcium-release channel complex of the sarcoplasmic or endoplasmic reticulum. It plays an important role in the excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling of muscle cells. RyR comprises a family of ryanodine receptors, widely expressed throughout the animal kingdom.


name: mitotic recombination-dependent replication fork processing

description: Replication fork processing that includes recombination between DNA near the arrested fork and homologous sequences. Proteins involved in homologous recombination are required for replication restart.


stereocilia tip-link density

description: An electron-dense plaque at either end of a stereocilia tip link that provides the anchor in the stereocilia membrane.


miRNA transport

description: The directed movement of microRNA (miRNA) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


peroxisomal importomer complex

description: A protein complex responsible for transporting proteins into the peroxisomal matrix. An example of this complex is Pex14 found in S. cerevisae which has 9 core components and 12 transient interaction partners.


extracellular matrix protein binding

description: Binding to a protein that is part of an extracellular matrix.


priRNA 3'-end processing

description: The process of forming the mature 3' end of a priRNA molecule.


siRNA 3'-end processing

description: The process of forming the mature 3' end of a siRNA molecule.


name: CSL-Notch-Mastermind transcription factor complex

description: A DNA-binding transcription factor complex consisting of CSL and mastermind proteins in complex with the cleaved, intracellular domain of Notch. It is required for both repression and activation of Notch target genes.


lower tip-link density

description: An electron-dense plaque at the lower end of a stereocilia tip link that provides the anchor in the stereocilia membrane at the tip of the stereocilium from which the tip link rises.


upper tip-link density

description: An electron-dense plaque at the upper end of a stereocilia tip link that provides the anchor in the stereocilia membrane on the side of the stereocilium where the tip link ends.


snRNA 2'-O-methylation

description: The posttranscriptional addition of a methyl group to the 2' oxygen atom of a nucleotide residue in an snRNA molecule.


U6 2'-O-snRNA methylation

description: The posttranscriptional addition a methyl group to the 2'-oxygen atom of a nucleotide residue in an U6 snRNA molecule.


name: MAP kinase serine/threonine phosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: MAP kinase threonine phosphate + H2O = MAP kinase threonine + phosphate and MAP kinase serine phosphate + H2O = MAP kinase serine + phosphate.


name: intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to nitrosative stress

description: The series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to nitrosative stress; a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of nitric oxide (NO) or the highly reactive oxidant peroxynitrite, which is produced following interaction of NO with superoxide anions.


peptidyl-threonine autophosphorylation

description: The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own threonine amino acid residues, or a threonine residue on an identical protein.


F-box domain binding

description: Binding to an F-box domain of a protein.


U1 snRNP binding

description: Binding to a U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle.


U2 snRNP binding

description: Binding to a U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle.


exon-exon junction complex binding

description: Binding to an exon-exon junction complex, a protein complex deposited by the spliceosome upstream of messenger RNA exon-exon junctions. The exon-exon junction complex provides a binding platform for factors involved in mRNA export and nonsense-mediated mRNA decay.


linear polyubiquitin binding

description: Binding to a linear polymer of ubiquitin. Linear ubiquitin polymers are formed by linking the amino-terminal methionine (M1) of one ubiquitin molecule to the carboxy-terminal glycine (G76) of the next.


cellular stress response to acidic pH

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in the homeostasis of organismal or cellular pH (with pH < 7). pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.


name: Parkin-FBXW7-Cul1 ubiquitin ligase complex

description: A ubiquitin ligase complex containing Parkin (PARK2), the F-box protein FBXW7 (also called SEL-10) and a cullin from the Cul1 subfamily; substrate specificity is conferred by the F-box protein.


description: A protein complex involved in the disassembly and subsequent reassembly of nucleosomes. It associates with the coding region of transcriptionally active genes where it interacts with the RNA polymerase II and affects its processivity during co-transcriptional RNA processing and maturation. It exists as a functionally independent part of the NuA4 complex.


name: L-type voltage-gated calcium channel complex

description: A type of voltage-dependent calcium channel responsible for excitation-contraction coupling of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. 'L' stands for 'long-lasting' referring to the length of activation.


PTEN phosphatase complex

description: A phospholipid phosphatase complex that catalyses the hydrolysis of the second messenger PtdIns (3,4,5)P3. Will also dephosphorylate PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns3P, and Ins(1,3,4,5)P4. Dimerization is critical for its lipid phosphatase function.


name: mitochondrion-endoplasmic reticulum membrane tethering

description: The attachment of a mitochondrion and an endoplasmic reticulum via molecular tethers that physically bridge their respective membranes and attach them to each other. The tethering may facilitate exchange of metabolites between the organelles.


pexophagosome

description: A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle involved in the degradation of peroxisome by macropexophagy.


lipooligosaccharide binding

description: Binding to lipooligosaccharide. Lipooligosaccharides (LOSs) are the major glycolipids expressed on mucosal Gram-negative bacteria.


transferrin receptor binding

description: Binding to a transferrin receptor.


leptin receptor binding

description: Binding to a leptin receptor.


detoxification of iron ion

description: Any process that reduces or removes the toxicity of iron ion. These include transport of iron away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of iron ion.


omegasome

description: Omega-shaped (as in the Greek capital letter) intracellular membrane-bounded organelle enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and dynamically connected to the endoplasmic reticulum. Omegasomes are the first step of the formation of autophagosomes via the phagophore assembly sites.


lateral cortical node

description: A protein complex that is anchored at the cortical face of the plasma membrane, and contains proteins involved in regulating cell cycle progression. In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, lateral cortical nodes are several megadaltons in size, and contain Slf1, which anchors the complex at the membrane, and the methyltransferase Skb1 in stoichiometric quantities, and may contain other proteins.


name: D-2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-2-hydroxyacid + a quinone = 2-oxoacid + a quinol.


protein autosumoylation

description: The sumoylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues, or residues on an identical protein.


NuA3a histone acetyltransferase complex

description: A NuA3 complex that catalyzes the acetylation of Histone H3. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of Eaf6p, Nto1p, Sas3p, Taf14p, Yng1p and associates with H3K4me3 using Yng1p.


NuA3b histone acetyltransferase complex

description: A NuA3 complex that catalyzes the acetylation of Histone H3. In S. cerevisiae, this complex consists of Eaf6p, Nto1p, Sas3p, Taf14p, Pdp3 and associates with H3K4me3 via Pdp3p.


Rhino-Deadlock-Cutoff Complex

description: Protein complex found in Drosophila consisting of the gene products of cuff, del and rhi. It regulates the licensing of transcription of dual-strand PIWI interacting RNA (piRNA) source loci by binding to dual-strand-cluster chromatin, probably via the H3K9me3-binding activity of Rhi. Rhi binding brings the putative termination cofactor Cuff in close proximity to the nascent piRNA precursor transcript which it appears to protect from degradation.


piRNA cluster binding

description: Binding to piRNA clusters, double-stranded DNA regions that give rise to PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs).


piRNA uni-strand cluster binding

description: Binding to uni-strand piRNA clusters, double-stranded DNA regions that give rise to PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that map predominantly to only one strand and exhibit hallmarks of canonical Pol II transcription. Uni-strand piRNA clusters are found in many taxa.


piRNA dual-strand cluster binding

description: Binding to dual-strand piRNA clusters, double-stranded DNA regions that give rise to PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) where piRNAs originate from both DNA strands via noncanonical transcription.


ciliary targeting signal binding

description: Binding to a ciliary targeting sequence, a specific peptide sequence that acts as a signal to localize a membrane protein to the ciliary membrane.


name: synaptic vesicle, readily releasable pool

description: A synaptic vesicle belonging to the pool of vesicles that are the first to be released as a result of chemical or electrical stimulation e.g. by an action potential, have the highest presynaptic membrane fusion probability and correspond to about 1% of the total number of synaptic vesicles at a resting terminal bouton.


synaptic vesicle, recycling pool

description: A synaptic vesicle belonging to the pool that repopulate vacancies within the readily releasable pool (RRP) of synaptic vesicles, and require more significant stimuli than the RRP in order to release neurotransmitter; about 10-15% of the total number of synaptic vesicles at a resting terminal bouton are in this state.


synaptic vesicle, resting pool

description: A synaptic vesicle belonging to the pool that remain unreleased even after prolonged stimulation causes a saturating degree of vesicular turnover. 50-80% of the total number of synaptic vesicles at a resting terminal bouton are in this pool.


MTREC complex

description: Protein complex formed by an RNA binding protein Red1, an RNA helicase Mtl1, Red5, Rmn1, Iss10/Pir1, and Ars2/Pir2. This complex is required for the recruitment of the nuclear exosome to Mmi1 nuclear focus. It is likely related to the human CBCN complex. This complex is also known as RNA silencing (NURS) complex.


response to ultrasound

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ultrasonic stimulus.


mRNA pseudouridine synthesis

description: The intramolecular conversion of uridine to pseudouridine in an mRNA molecule.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucuronate + inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC) = UDP + GlcA-IPC.


aerobic lactate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactate (2-hydroxypropanoic acid) in the presence of oxygen.


anaerobic lactate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lactate (2-hydroxypropanoic acid) in the absence of oxygen.


anaerobic fatty acid catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fatty acid in the absence of oxygen. A fatty acid is any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes.


anaerobic lignin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lignin in the absence of oxygen. Lignin is a class of polymers of phenylpropanoid units.


anaerobic cellulose catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cellulose, a linear beta1-4 glucan of molecular mass 50-400 kDa with the pyranose units in the -4C1 conformation, in absence of oxygen.


anaerobic pectin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues, in the absence of oxygen.


name: archaeal proton-transporting A-type ATPase complex

description: A large proton-transporting two-sector ATPase protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane and is found in Archaea.


name: methane biosynthetic process from methanol and hydrogen

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methane from methanol and hydrogen.


name: regulation of cytoplasmic translation in response to stress

description: Modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation).


mitotic spindle microtubule

description: Any microtubule that is part of a mitotic spindle; anchored at one spindle pole.


raps-insc complex

description: Protein complex required for the asymmetric division of neuroblasts in Drosophila. Coordinates asymmetric localization of cell fate determinants with orientation of the mitotic spindle resulting in different daughter cells upon division. Localizes at the apical cortex of the neuroblast: Raps maintains, but does not initiate, Insc apically, while Insc segregates Raps asymmetrically. Complex appears to be conserved in mammals (composed of INSC and GPSM1 or GPSM2).


eif4e-cup complex

description: A protein complex that causes translational repression in Drosophila. Prevents assembly of ribosomes at the mRNA by interfacing with a sequence-specific RNA-binding protein leading to recruitment of the CCR4 complex and consequently, reduction of the mRNA's poly(A) tail length. The complex is also required for dorso-ventral pattern formation in the embryo.