A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3beta and 12alpha. The 3beta-hydroxy epimer of deoxycholic acid.


A 3-sulfolactaldehyde(1-) in which the stereocentre at position 3 has R-configuration.


A linear trisaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->4). Blood group type-II H determinant.


A linear trisaccharide galactosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-alpha-D-D-galactosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3). Blood group type-III H determinant.


A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3beta and 7alpha. The 3beta-hydroxy epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid.


A linear trisaccharide galactosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-galactosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3). Blood group type-IV H determinant.


A 3-oxo-5beta-steroid that is 7-deoxycholic acid in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has undergone formal oxidation to the corresponding ketone.


A trihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 7 and 12 (the 3beta,7alpha,12alpha stereoisomer).


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl residue. Blood group type-I A determinant.


geranyl phosphate(2-)

An organophosphate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups of geranyl phosphate; major species at pH 7.3.


A 3-oxo steroid that is cholic acid in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has undergone formal oxidation to the corresponding ketone.


A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is 3-oxochol-4-en-24-oic acid carrying an additional 7alpha-hydroxy substituent.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->4), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl residue. Blood group type-II A determinant.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-alpha-D-D-galactosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl residue. Blood group type-III A determinant.


3-oxochola-4,6-dien-24-oic acid

A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is the 3-oxo derivative of chola-4,6-dien-24-oic acid.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-galactosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl residue. Blood group type-IV A determinant.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-D-galactosyl residue. Blood group type-I B determinant.


N(2)-L-glutamino(1-) group

An anionic amino-acid residue that is the conjugate base of N(2)-L-glutamino group, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


ETHASULFURIC ACID

An alkyl sulfate that is the mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester of sulfuric acid.


An acyl-CoA(4-) obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


A nucleotide-sugar oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the diphosphate OH groups of dTDP-(2R,6S)-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxo-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-3(6H)-one; major species at pH 7.3.


A C76 mycolic acid having a C52 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C24 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


A C78 mycolic acid having a C52 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


A C76 mycolic acid having a C50 meromycolic chain and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


A triterpenoid that is squalene substituted at position 12 by a hydroxy group (the R-enantiomer).


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-glucosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->4), to the galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-D-galactosyl residue. Blood group type-II B determinant.


A C78 mycolic acid having a C54 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C24 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


A C80 mycolic acid having a C54 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


A C82 mycolic acid having a C56 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


N-glycoloyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

An N-acyl-D-glucosamine phosphate in which the N-acyl group is specified as glycoloyl and the phosphate group is located at position 6. An intermediate in the N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) degradation pathway


A C79 mycolic acid having a C53 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-alpha-D-D-galactosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the beta-D-galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-D-galactosyl residue. Blood group type-III B determinant.


D-ribitol 1-phosphate

A ribitol phosphate that is D-ribitol carrying a single monophosphate substituent at position 1.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of alpha-L-fucosyl, beta-D-galactosyl and N-acetyl-beta-D-D-galactosaminyl residues linked sequentially (1->2) and (1->3), to the beta-D-galactosyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-D-galactosyl residue. Blood group type-IV B determinant.


N-acetylmethionine sulfone

An N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid that is N-acetylmethionine where the sulfur is oxidised to the corresponding sulfone.


N-acetyl-L-methionine sulfoximine

An N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid that is L-methionine sulfoximine in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an acetyl group.


An organophosphate oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of 2-hydro-beta-NADP; major species at pH 7.3.


An organophosphate oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of 2-hydro-beta-NAD; major species at pH 7.3.


An organophosphate oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of 6-hydro-beta-NADP; major species at pH 7.3.


An organophosphate oxoanion arising from deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of 6-hydro-beta-NAD; major species at pH 7.3.


A nucleotide-sugar having ADP as the nucleotide fragment and 2-O-glutaryl-D-ribofuranos-5-yl as the sugar component.


N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl group

The glycosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine. A proposed epitope of blood group A antigen.


An organic radical obtained by abstraction of the hydroxy proton from (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methanol.


An N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine.


A nucleotide-sugar having ADP as the nucleotide fragment and 2-O-succinyl-D-ribofuranos-5-yl as the sugar component.


A nucleotide-sugar having ADP as the nucleotide fragment and 2-O-malonyl-D-ribofuranos-5-yl as the sugar component.


An acyl-CoA(4-) obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


2,3-saturated fatty acyl-CoA(4-)

A fatty acyl-CoA(4-) obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate OH groups of any 2,3-saturated fatty acyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


A 4-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-2-carboxylic acid in which the 4-hydroxy group has S-configuration.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which D-Gal is linked beta(1->3) to the D-GalNAc group which has beta-configuration at its anomeric centre.


A glycoside consisting of D-glyceric acid having an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 2 via a glycosidic linkage.


tripropionin

A triglyceride obtained by formal acylation of the three hydroxy groups of glycerol by propionic acid.


A glycotriaosylceramide having alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base.


dipropionin

A diglyceride resulting from the formal condensation of any two of the hydroxy groups of glycerol with the carboxy groups of two molecules of propionic acid (either R1 = H and R2 = propanoyl, or R1 = propanoyl and R2 = H).


diacetin

A diglyceride resulting from the formal condensation of any two of the hydroxy groups of glycerol with the carboxy groups of two molecules of acetic acid (either R1 = H and R2 = Ac, or R1 = Ac and R2 = H).


A D-proline derivative that is D-proline monohydroxylated at position 3 (the cis-3-hydroxy-diastereomer).


1,4-naphthoquinone-2-carboxylic acid

A dioxo monocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-naphthoquinone substituted at position 2 by a carboxy group.


An L-tyrosine derivative that is O-methyl-L-tyrosine carrying additional hydroxy and methyl substituents at positions 3 and 5 respectively.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of an N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl residue having a fucosyl residue attached at the 4-position via a beta-linkage and an alpha-fucosyl-(1->2)-galactosyl disaccharide unit attached at the 3-position, also via a beta-linkage.


A branched trisaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl disaccharide, to the N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl residue of which is also linked (1->3) an alpha-L-fucosyl residue; a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl group in which the anomeric configuration of the GlcNAc residue at the reducing end is beta.


A branched tetrasaccharide glucosaminyl group consisting of N-acetylbeta-D-glucosaminyl residue having a fucosyl residue attached at the 3-position via a beta-linkage and an alpha-fucosyl-(1->2)-galactosyl disaccharide unit attached at the 4-position, also via a beta-linkage.


An alanine derivative obtained by replacement of one of the methyl hydrogens of alanine by a dimethylamino group.


A chloroalanine obtained by replacement of one of the methyl hydrogens of alanine by a chloro group.


A 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA(4-) obtained by deprotonation of phosphate and diphosphate functions of (S)-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


A glycotetraosylceramide having N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl  component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base.


organic tetrachlorozincate salt

An organic salt containing tetrachlorozincate as the anionic component.


A divalent inorganic anion composed of four chlorine atoms bound to a central zinc atom.


brilliant cresyl blue(1+)

An organic cation that is phenoxazin-5-ium substituted by methyl, amino and diethylamino groups at positions 2, 3 and 7 respectively. The tetrachlorozincate salt salt is the histological dye 'brilliant cresyl blue'.


A polyether that is tetraethylene glycol in which the terminal hydroxy hydrogens are replaced by methyl and trimethylsilyl groups.


An oxaspiro compound that is 1-oxaspiro[4.5]deca-6,9-diene-2,8-dione carrying two additional tert-butyl substituents at positions 7 and 9.


organic hydrogensulfate salt

An organic salt containing hydrogensulfate as the anionic component.


brilliant green

An iminium ion that is the cationic component of the histological dye 'brilliant green'.


bis(trimethylsilyl)isovanillate

A benzoate ester that is 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid in which the carboxy and phenolic hydrogens are replaced by trimethylsilyl groups.


nuclear fast red free acid

A member of the class of hydroxyanthraquinones that is 1,3-dihydroxyanthraquinone carrying additional sulfo and amino substituents at positions 2 and 4 respectively. The sodium salt is the histological dye 'nuclear fast red'


diethyl(propyl)amine

A tertiary amine that is propylamine in which the two amino hydrogens are replaced by ethyl groups.


nuclear fast red(1-)

An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of nuclear fast red free acid, obtained by deprotonation of the sulfo group.


methyl 1-methyl-5-oxo-L-prolinate

An alpha-amino acid ester that is the methyl ester of 1-methyl-5-oxo-L-proline.


metal allergen

Any metal which causes the onset of an allergic reaction.


N,N-dipropylformamide

A formamide in which the amide hydrogens of formamide are replaced by propyl groups.


metal cation allergen

Any metal cation which causes the onset of an allergic reaction.


penicillin allergen

Any penicillin which causes the onset of an allergic reaction.


Celestin blue B(1+)

An organic cation that is 3,4-dihydroxyphenoxazin-5-ium carrying additional carbamoyl and diethylamino groups at positions 1 and 7 respectively. The chloride salt is the histological dye 'Celestin blue B'.


An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the hydroxy group of 2-hydroxy-5-methylquinone. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).


Sirius red 4B (acid form)

A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is 7-amino-4-hydroxy-3-({4-[(4-sulfophenyl)diazenyl]phenyl}diazenyl)naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a benzoyl group. The disodium salt is the histological dye 'Sirius red 4B'.


Sirius red 4B(2-)

An organosulfonate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the sulfonic acid groups of Sirius red 4B (acid form).


Pontamine sky blue 5B (acid form)

A ring assembly consisting of two 5-amino-4-hydroxy-3-[(2-methoxyphenyl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid units joined by a 4,4'-linkage. The tetrasodium salt is the histological dye 'Pontamine sky blue 5B'.


Pontamine sky blue 5B(4-)

An organosulfonate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the sulfonic acid groups of Pontamine sky blue 5B (acid form).


Chrome fast yellow 8GL (acid form)

A member of the class of benzoisoquinolines that is 6-amino-1,3-dioxo-5-sulfobenzo[de]isoquinoline substituted at position 2 by a 3-carboxy-4-hydroxyphenyl group. The disodium salt is the histological dye 'Chrome fast yellow 8GL'.


Chrome fast yellow 8GL(2-)

An organosulfonate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the sulfo and carboxy groups of Chrome fast yellow 8GL (acid form).


benazeprilat

A benzazepine that is 1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-1-benzazepin-2-one in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a carboxy methyl group and in which the 3-pro-S hydrogen is replaced by the amino group of (2S)-2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid. An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, it is used as its monoester prodrug benazepril in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.


An ammonium ion resulting from the protonation of the secondary amino group of benazepril.


Congo corinth (acid form)

An aminonaphthalenesulfonic acid that is 3,3'-[[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diylbis(diazene-2,1-diyl)]di(naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid) in which the two hydrogens at the 4-positions on the naphthalene rings are placed by amino and hydroxy groups. The disodium salt is the histological dye 'Congo corinth'.


Congo corinth(2-)

An organosulfonate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the sulfo groups of Congo corinth (acid form).


Hoffman's violet free base

A aromatic amine, the hydrochloride salt of which is the histological dye 'Hoffman's violet' (used as a specific stain for animal chromosomes).


Sirius scarlet GG

An organic sodium salt that is the monosodium salt of 5-[(4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)diazenyl]-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid. Occasionally used for the selective staining of amyloid.


Sirius scarlet GG (acid form)

An arenesulfonic acid that is 2-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid substituted at position 5 by a (4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)diazenyl group. The sodium salt is the histological dye 'Sirius scarlet GG'.


An organosulfonate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the sulfo group of 5-[(4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)diazenyl]-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid.


lead(II) chloride

An inorganic chloride consisting of two chlorine atoms covalently bound to a central lead atom.


Oil red O

A bis(azo) compound that is 2-naphthol substituted at position 1 by a {4-[(2,5-dimethylphenyl)diazenyl]-2,5-dimethylphenyl}diazenyl group. A fat-soluble dye predominantly used for demonstrating triglycerides in frozen sections and for staining of protein bound lipids in paraffin sections.


A dichlorophenol in which the two chloro substituents are located at positions 3 and 5.


osmium tetroxide

An osmium coordination entity consisting of four oxygen atoms bound to a central osmium atom via covalent double bonds.


Sudan black B

A member of the class of perimidines that is 2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-perimidine carrying a [4-(phenyldiazenyl)naphthalen-1-yl]diazenyl substituent at position 6. A fat-soluble dye predominantly used for demonstrating triglycerides in frozen sections and for staining of protein bound lipids in paraffin sections.


An N-substituted diamine that is ethylenediamine in which the four amino hydrogens are replaced by 2-pyridylmethyl groups.


A member of the class of xanthenes that is used as a Zn(2+)-selective fluorescent indicator.


An organic heterooctacyclic compound that is 1H,1'H-2,2'-biindole in which the nitrogens have undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 2 and 5 of 3-amino-N,2-dimethyloxolane-3-carboxamide (the 2R,3R,5S product), and in which the 3 and 3' positions of the biindole moiety have also undergone formal oxidative coupling to positions 3 and 4 of 1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-one.


A member of the class of isoquinolines that is the sulfonamide formed by the formal condensation of the sulfo group of 4-methylisoquinoline-5-sulfonic acid with the 1-amino group of (S)-2-methyl-1,4-diazepane.


An alpha-amino-acid residue cation obtained by protonation of the guanidino group of N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine residue.


N(5)-methyl-argininium(1+) residue

An alpha-amino-acid residue cation obtained by protonation of the guanidino group of N(5)-methyl-argininium residue.


penicilloyl group allergen

Any penicilloyl group which causes the onset of an allergic reaction.


penicilloyl group

Any penicillinyl group formed from a penicillin by  nucleophilic cleavage of the beta-lactam ring.


beta-lactam antibiotic allergen

Any beta-lactam antibiotic which causes the onset of an allergic reaction.


(2E,6E)-farnesyl monophosphate(2-)

An organophosphate oxoanion that is the dianion obtained by removal of the two protons from the monophosphate group of (2E,6E)-farnesyl monophosphate. Major species at pH 7.3.


potassium ionophore

Any ionophore capable of transportation of potassium ions across membranes.


An anionic ganglioside obtained by deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy groups of ganglioside GQ1b (d18:1/C18:0); major species at pH 7.3.


An anionic ganglioside obtained by deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy groups of ganglioside GT1b (d18:1/C18:0); major species at pH 7.3.


An anionic ganglioside obtained by deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy groups of ganglioside GD1b(d18:1/C18:0); major species at pH 7.3.


epoxypheophorbide a(2-)

A cyclic tetrapyrrole anion obtained by removal of two protons from the carboxy and acidic methylene groups of epoxypheophorbide a.


epoxypheophorbide a(1-)

A cyclic tetrapyrrole anion that is the conjuagte base of epoxypheophorbide a. Major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v. 6.2.0).


An anionic ganglioside obtained by deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy groups of ganglioside GD3 (d18:1/C18:0); major species at pH 7.3.


An anionic ganglioside obtained by deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy group of ganglioside GM3 (d18:1/C18:0); major species at pH 7.3.


A CDP-3,6-dideoxy-D-mannose in which the anomeric centre of the sugar component has alpha-configuration.


Any glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (5Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (5Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoyl.


RHAPONTIN

A rhaponticin in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration. It possesses a range of pharmacological activities including antitumour, antiinflammatory, antilipemic and neuroprotective activities.


oleoyl-containing glycerolipid

A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as oleoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (9Z,12E)-octadecadienoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dien-6-ynoyl.


UDP-beta-L-iduronic acid

A UDP-L-iduronate in which the anomeric centre of the sugar component has beta-configuration.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trien-6-ynoyl


prenyl phosphate

A prenol phosphate consisting of a single prenol unit attached to monophosphate


An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is tubercidin in which the hydroxy group at position 2 of the ribose moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen.


A member of the class of furans that is 2-furylmethylamine substituted at position 4 by a diphosphooxymethyl group.


A L-glutamine derivative obtained by formal condensation of the side-chain carboxy group of L-glutamine with one of the amino groups of 2-(4-{[5-(aminomethyl)furan-3-yl]methoxy}phenyl)ethan-1-amine.


mirdametinib

A hydroxamic acid ester that is benzhydroxamic acid (N-hydroxybenzamide) in which the hydroxamic acid group has been converted to the corresponding 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester and in which the benzene ring has been substituted at position 2 by a (2-fluoro-4-iodophenyl)amino group and at positions 3 and 4 by fluorines (the R enantiomer).


A carbohydrate sulfonate that is D-glucono-1,5-lactone in which the 6-hydroxy group is replaced by a sulfo group.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (9Z,11E,13E,15Z)-octadecatetraenoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (11Z,14Z)-icosadienoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosatrienoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (9Z,11E,13E)-octadecatrienoyl.


nifurtoinol

An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group and at position 3 by a hydroxymethyl group.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (8E,10E,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl.


sulfametrole

A sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid with the amino group of 4-methoxy-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-amine.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (9Z,11E,13Z)-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (9Z)-octadec-9-en-12-ynoyl.


palmitoleoyl-containing glycerolipid

A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as palmitoleoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (9Z,12E)-hexadecadienoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosatetraenoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosapentaenoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl.


6-deoxy-6-sulfo-D-gluconic acid

A carbohydrate sulfonate that is D-gluconic acid in which the hydroxy group at position 6 is replaced by a sulfo group.


letosteine

A  dicarboxylic acid monoester that is the monoethyl ester of 2-{2-[(carboxymethyl)sulfanyl]ethyl}-1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid. A mucolytic used in the treatment of chronic bronchopneumopathies and related conditions.


azaribine

A N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine that is 6-azauridine acetylated at positions 2', 3' and 5' on the sugar ring. It is a prodrug for 6-azauridine and is used for treatment of psoriasis.


ARANOTIN

An organic heterohexacyclic compound with antiviral and antibiotic properties that is isolated from Amauroascus aureus.


ANTHELMYCIN

A nucleoside antibiotic with anthelminthic properties that is isolated from Streptomyces longissimus.


urea ammonium nitrate

A mixture consisting of urea (typically 40-45%), ammonium nitrate (30-35%) and water (30-20%). It is used as a nitrogen fertilizer in agriculture.


A sialotetraosylceramide having alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->6)]-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc as the sialotetraosyl component.


N-acetylhexosaminyl-dihexosylceramide

A glycotriaosylceramide in which the trisaccharide portion includes one N-acetyl hexosaminyl residue and two hexosyl residues.


Sirius red F3B (acid form)

A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is the free acid form of the dye Sirius red F3B. The hexasodium salt is a histological dye used principally in staining methods for collagen and amyloid.


Sirius red F3B(6-)

An organosulfonate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the sulfonic acid groups of Sirius red F3B (acid form).


thioflavine S

Thioflavin S is a homogenous mixture of compounds that results from the methylation of dehydrothiotoluidine in the presence of sulfonic acid. It is used to stain amyloid plaques.


Durazol blue 4R (acid form)

A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is the free acid form of the dye Sirius red F3B (the trisodium salt).


ethyl green(1+)

An iminium ion that forms the cationic portion of the histological dye 'ethyl green'.


A hydroxyimidazole that is 5-hydroxyimidazole in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group.


hydroxyimidazole

Any member of the class of imidazoles in which the imidazole ring is substituted by one or more hydroxy groups.


Fast green FCF(2-)

An organosulfonate oxoanion obtained by the removal of three protons from Fast green FCF(1+).


Fast green FCF(1+)

An iminium ion that is the free acid form of Fast green FCF.


gallein

A xanthene dye that is fluoran carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 3', 4', 5' and 6'.


A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is ellipticine in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


A steroid acid that is 9beta,19-cyclo-5alpha-ergost-24(28)-ene-4alpha-carboxylic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 8alpha, and 11alpha positions, by a methyl group at the 4beta position, and by oxo groups at positions 1 and 6. It is a cholesterol and ergosterol synthesis inhibitor isolated from the fungus Sporormiella minima that specifically targets the enzyme, sterol-4-alpha-carboxylate-3-dehydrogenase, encoded by ERG26 in budding yeast, and NSDHL in humans.


Gallamin blue(1+)

An organic cation that is 3,4-dihydroxyphenoxazin-5-ium carrying additional carbamoyl and dimethylamino groups at positions 1 and 7 respectively. The chloride salt is the histological dye 'Gallamin blue'.


A D-glucose that is alpha-D-glucose-in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 2 have been replaced by the (13)C isotope.


azaperone

An N-arylpiperazine that is 2-(piperazin-1-yl)pyridine in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a 3-(4-fluobenzoyl)propyl group. Used mainly as a tranquiliser for pigs and elephants.


lorglumide sodium

A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-lorglumide sodium.


lorglumide

A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-lorglumide.


A mononitrophenol that is 4-nitrophenol and its derivatives resulting from substitution of one or more of the hydrogens attached to the benzene ring by a non-nitro group.


A dicarboxylic acid monoamide obtained by formal condensation of the alpha-carboxy group of N-(3,4-dichlorobenzoyl)glutamic acid with the amino group of dipentylamine.


(S)-lorglumide

An N(2)-(3,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-N,N-dipentyl-alpha-glutamine that has (S)-configuration (the racemate is lorglumide, a CCK antagonist).


A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of (S)-lorglumide, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.


A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of (R)-lorglumide, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.


nefopam hydrochloride

A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-nefopam hydrochloride. A centrally acting non-opiate analgesic commonly used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain.


A mononitrophenol that is 3-nitrophenol and its derivatives resulting from substitution of one or more of the hydrogens attached to the benzene ring by a non-nitro group.


nefopam

A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-nefopam. The  hydrochloride is a centrally acting non-opiate analgesic commonly used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain.


A naphthalenecarboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-naphthoic acid with ammonia.


benzoxazocine

An organonitrogen heterocyclic compound that consists of a benzene ring ortho-fused at any position to an oxazocine ring.


(S)-nefopam

A 5-methyl-1-phenyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine that has (S)-configuration (the racemate is a non-opioid analgesic drug).


An organic cation resulting from the protonation of the tertiary amino group of (S)-nefopam.


An organic cation resulting from the protonation of the tertiary amino group of (R)-nefopam.


dafadine A

An N-acylpiperidine obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-[(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)methyl]-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxylic acid with the secondary amino group of 4-(pyridin-4-yl)piperidine.


dafadine B

An N-acylpiperidine obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-[(2-chloro-4-fluorophenoxy)methyl]-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxylic acid with the secondary amino group of 4-(pyridin-4-yl)piperidine


dafadine C

An N-acylpiperidine obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-[(2,6-difluorophenoxy)methyl]-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxylic acid with the secondary amino group of 4-(pyridin-4-yl)piperidine.


Any carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with 2-naphthylamine.


dafadine D

An N-acylpiperidine obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-[(3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)methyl]-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxylic acid with the secondary amino group of 4-(pyridin-4-yl)piperidine.


aralkylammonium

A primary ammonium ion obtained by protonation of the amino group of an aralkylamine; major species at pH 7.3.


dafadine O

An N-acylpiperidine obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-[(3-methoxyphenoxy)methyl]-1,2-oxazole-3-carboxylic acid with the secondary amino group of 4-(pyridin-4-yl)piperidine.


AHPN

A naphthoic acid that is 6-phenylnaphthylene-2-carboxyic acid in which the phenyl substituent has been substituted at positions 3 and 4 by adamant-1-yl and hydroxy groups, respectively. It acts as a selective agonist of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)gamma and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in various cancer cells.


bisantrene

A hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of both of the aldehyde groups of anthracene-9,10-dicarbaldehyde with 2-hydrazinyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole.


A 3-sn-phosphatidyl L-serine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are oleoyl and 6-[(7-nitro-2-1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]hexanoyl respectively.


A pyrrolotriazine that is pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine which is substituted at position 2 by the pyrrolidine nitrogen of (2S)-N-(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-2-methylprolinamide, and at position 4 by a (5-cyclopropyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)amino group. It is a potent, reversible inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor/insulin receptor family kinases.


pyrrolotriazine

Any organic heterobicyclic compound containing ortho-fused pyrrolidine and triazine rings.


A furofuran that is (3R,3aS,6aR)-hexahydrofuro[2,3-b]furan-3-ol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a glycolate group.


1-caffeoyl-5-feruloylquinic acid

A quinic acid that is (-)-quinic acid acylated at positions 1 and 5 by caffeoyl and feruloyl groups respectively.


An unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (14Z,17Z,20Z,23Z,26Z)-dotriacontapentaenoic acid.


A 12-HEPE that consists of (5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoic acid in which the 12-hydroxy group has S-configuration.


13,14-dihydroprostaglandin F2alpha

A prostaglandins Falpha that is prost-5-en-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15.


A 15-HEPE that consists of (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z)-icosapentaenoic acid in which the 15-hydroxy group has S-configuration.


A 15-HETrE consisting of (8Z,11Z,13E)-icosatrienoic acid in which the 15-hydroxy group has S-configuration.


A DiHETE consisting of arachidonic acid having the two hydroxy substituents located at position 17 and 18.


A phosphoglycerate obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy and phosphate OH groups of 2-phosphoglyceric acid.


linoleoyl-containing glycerolipid

A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as linoleoyl


BRYOSTATIN 1

A member of the class of bryostatins that is (17E)-2-oxooxacyclohexacos-17-ene which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4, 10, and 20; an acetoxy group at position 8; methyl groups at positions 9, 9, 18, and 19; 2-methoxy-2-oxoethylidene groups at positions 14 and 24; an (E,E)-octa-2,4-dienoyloxy group at position 21; and with oxygen bridges linking positions 6 to 10, 12 to 16, and 20 to 24. It is one of the most abundant member of the class of bryostatins.


An aryl beta-D-glucoside that is 3-hydroxyphloretin in which the hydroxyl hydrogen at position 2' is replaced by a 6-O-beta-D-xylosyl-beta-D-glucosyl group.


3-methylphenylacetic acid

A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 3-methylphenyl group.


A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate having 5-bromouracil as the pyrimidine component.


A 5-HETrE consisting of (6E,8Z,11Z)-icosatrienoic acid in which the 5-hydroxy group has S-configuration.


Any carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with 1-naphthylamine.


N-(naphthyl)carboxamide

Any secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with 1- or 2-naphthylamine.


A polyphenol that is (-)-secoisolariciresinol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 7.


8,5'-diferulic acid

A polyphenol composed of two molecules of ferulic acid joined by a bond between positions 8 and 5'.


A hexanol in which the hydroxy group is at position 2.


An alkane that is pentane which is substituted by a methyl group at position 3. It is used as a solvent in organic synthesis, as a lubricant and as a raw material for producing carbon black.


A primary alpha-hydroxy ketone that is butane-1,2-diol in which the hydroxy group at position 2 has been formally oxidised to give the corresponding ketone.


vanilpyruvic acid

A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is  3,4-dihydroxyphenylpyruvic acid in which the hydroxy group at position 3 is substituted by a methoxy group.


A 2-methylbutanal that has S configuration.


METHYLCYCLOPENTANE

A cycloalkane that is cyclopentane substituted by a single methyl group.


ethyl 2-methylbutyrate

A fatty acid ethyl ester obtained by the formal condensation of  2-methylbutyric acid with ethanol. It is a constituent of the aroma of wines, strawberries, blueberries, and apples.


3-methoxybenzoic acid

A methoxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by a methoxy group at position 3.


(9E,11E)-octadecadienoic acid

An octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid having 9-trans,11-trans-stereochemistry.


leukotriene B5

A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoic acid carrying (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents.


epsilon-(gamma-glutamyl)lysine

An N(6)-acyl-L-lysine derivative in which the acyl group is specified as gamma-glutamyl.


BUTYL FORMATE

A formate ester resulting from the formal condensation of formic acid with the hydroxy group of butan-1-ol. Found in apples, strawberries, sherry and Pamesan cheese, it has a fruity, plum-like odour and taste.


HEXANAL

A saturated fatty aldehyde that is hexane in which one of the terminal methyl group has been mono-oxygenated to form the corresponding aldehyde.


dihydrodehydro-beta-ionone

A member of the class of cyclohexadienes that is cyclohexa-1,3-diene substituted by a 3-oxobutyl group at position 1 and by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6.


A member of the class of cycloalkenes that is cyclohexene substituted by a 2-methylpropyl group at position 3.


A 3-dodecene in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.


A 3-dodecene in which the double bond adopts a cis-configuration.


A 2-dodecene that is dodecane which has been dehydrogenated to introduce a trans double bond between positions 2 and 3.


A member of the class of furans that is furan in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by ethyl and methyl groups, respectively.


A hexanol in which the hydroxy group is at position 3.


RIMSULFURON

A  N-sulfonylurea that is N-carbamoyl-3-(ethylsulfonyl)pyridine-2-sulfonamide substituted by a 4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl group at the amino nitrogen atom.


A 1-icosenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in which the the double bond of the icosenoyl group is at the 11-12 position and has Z configuration.


A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol that has pentadecanoyl as 1- and 2-acyl groups.


risperidone

A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.


A steroid glucosiduronic acid that is 5alpha-androstane-3beta,17beta-diol having a single beta-D-glucuronic acid residue attached at position 3. It is a biochemical marker of peripheral tissue androgen metabolism.


rivastigmine

A carbamate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of ethyl(methyl)carbamic acid with the phenolic OH group of 3-[(1S)-1-(dimethylamino)ethyl]phenol. A reversible cholinesterase inhibitor.


A butan-4-olide that is 5-(3'-hydroxyphenyl)-gamma-valerolactone in which the phenolic hydrogen has been replaced by a beta-D-glucuronyl residue


cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z)-icosatrienoate

A cholesteryl octadecatrienoate obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (5Z,8Z,11Z)-icosatrienoic acid with the hydroxy group of cholesterol.


cholesteryl gamma-linolenate

A cholesteryl octadecatrienoate obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gamma-linolenic acid with the hydroxy group of cholesterol.


A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol that has palmitoyl and tetradecanoyl as 1- and 2-acyl groups respectively.


ROBINETIN

A pentahydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 7, 3, 4' and 5'.


BUTYRIC ACID ETHYL ESTER

A butyrate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of ethanol with the carboxy group of butyric acid.


A cholesteryl octadecenoate in which the acy group is specified as (11Z)-octadec-11-enoyl.


robinin

A  glycosyloxyflavone that is kaempherol substituted by a 6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl residue at position 3 and a 6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.


unithiol

An alkanesulfonic acid that is propane-1-sulfonic acid substituted by sulfanyl groups at positions 2 and 3.


(R)-salsolinol

A 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol that has R-configuration.


ROBUSTAFLAVONE

A biflavonoid that is obtained by oxidative coupling of two molecules of  apigenin resulting in a bond between positions C-3 of the hydroxyphenyl ring and C-6 of the chromene ring. Isolated from Thuja orientalis and Rhus succedanea it exhibits antioxidant, cytotoxic and anti-hepatitis B activity.


An alkane that is decane substituted by a methyl group at positions 2,6 and 8. It is a combustion product of natural gas.


A secondary alcohol that is heptane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


A 2-octene in which the double bond adopts a cis-configuration.


A 2-octene in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.


N-acetylcadaverine

An N-substituted cadaverine that is cadaverine in which one of the amino groups has been converted to the corresponding acetamide.


isooctanediol dibutyrate

A diester that is isooctane (2,2,4-trimethylpentane) in which two of the hydrogens (positions not specified) have been replaced by butyryloxy groups. Tentatively identified in human saliva and previously found on human skin.


name: 3,5-Bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-benzoic acid ethyl ester


ROBUSTINE

A quinoline alkaloid that is furo[2,3-b]quinoline substituted by a methoxy and a hydroxy group at positions 4 and 8 respectively.


carbamodithioic acid

A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is carbamic acid in which the oxo and hydroxy groups have been replaced by a thiocarbonyl and thiol group, respectively.


A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is hex-2-enal substituted by an ethyl group at position 2.


rocuronium

A 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-hydroxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-morpholino- and 16beta-N-allyllyrrolidinium substituents.


isoterpinolene

A p-menthadiene with double bonds at positions 2 and 4(8).


methyl cyclohexanecarboxylate

A methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid with methanol.


An alkene that is heptane which carries a methylidene group at position 3.


A 3-octene in which the double bond adopts a cis-configuration.


A 3-octene in which the double bond adopts a trans-configuration.


rofecoxib

A butenolide that is furan-2(5H)-one substituted by a phenyl group at position 3 and by a p-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl group at position 4. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was used from 1999 to 2004 for the treatment of ostoarthritis, but was withdrawn following concerns about an associated increased risk of heart attack and stroke.


ropivacaine

A piperidinecarboxamide-based amide-type local anaesthetic (amide caine) in which (S)-N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline are combined to form the amide bond.


A member of the class of furans that is furan in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a methyl group.


rosinidin

An anthocyanidin cation consisting of benzopyrylium with hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5, a methoxy group at position 7 and a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl group at position 2.


pyroglutamylglutamine

A dpeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-pyroglutamine with the amino group of L-glutamine


ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate

An ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid with ethanol.


rottlerin

A chromenol that is 2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7, a 3-acetyl-2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methylbenzyl group at position 6 and a (1E)-3-oxo-1-phenylprop-1-en-3-yl group at position 8. A potassium channel opener, it is isolated from Mallotus philippensis.


(-)-CAMPHENE

A camphene (2,2-dimethyl-3-methylenebicyclo[2.2.1]heptane) that has S configuration at position 1 and R configuration at position 4.


methylpyrazine

A member of the class of pyrazines that is pyrazine in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a methyl group. It is a flavouring agent found in coffee, peanuts and red peppers.


A member of the class of furans that is furan in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by methyl groups.


rubixanthin

A carotenol that is a natural xanthophyll pigment. It was formerly used as a food colourant (E161d), but approval for this purpose has been withdrawn throughout the European Union.


RUBROFUSARIN

A member of the class of benzochromenones that is benzo[g]chromen-4-one carrying two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 5 and 6 as well as methyl and methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 8 respectively. An orange polyketide pigment that is a common intermediate in many different fungal biosynthetic pathways.


cotinine N-oxide

An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is nicotine in which the methylene hydrogens at position 2 on the pyrrolidine ring have been replaced by an oxo group and the pyridine nitrogen converted into the corresponding N-oxide. A minor metabolite of nicotine.


urolithin A 3-O-glucuronide

A member of the class of benzochromenones that is urolithin A in which the phenolic hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a beta-D-glucuronosyl group.


SUMIKI'S ACID

A member of the class of furoic acids that is 2-furoic acid substituted at position 5 by a hydroxymethyl group.


urate radical

An organic radical generated from urate.


A primary nitroalkane that is heptane substituted by a nitro group at position 1.


3-hydroxysebacic acid

An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is decanedioic (sebacic) acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 3.


A primary nitroalkane that is hexane substituted by a nitro group at position 1.


A member of the class of phenols carrying two tert-butyl substituents at positions 2 and 4.


A member of the class of furans that is furan in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a pentyl group. It is found in many heat-processed foods and drinks.


METHYL TETRADECANOATE

A fatty acid methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of tetradecanoic acid (myristic acid) with methanol.


A steroid aldehyde that is cortisol carrying a formyl group at position 18.


A p-menthane monoterpenoid that is p-menthane carrying a hydroxy group at position 1.


A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol in which the acyl groups positions 1 and 2 are specified as alpha-linolenoyl and (8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosatrienoyl respectively.


A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol in which the acyl groups positions 1 and 2 are specified as alpha-linolenoyl and (5Z,8Z,11Z)-icosatrienoyl respectively.


A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol in which the acyl groups positions 1 and 2 are specified as alpha-linolenoyl and (11Z,14Z)-icosadienoyl respectively.


A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol in which the acyl groups positions 1 and 2 are specified as alpha-linolenoyl and (11Z)-icosenoyl respectively.


A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol in which the acyl groups positions 1 and 2 are specified as alpha-linolenoyl and icosanoyl (arachidoyl) respectively.


A monoterpene that is cyclohexa-1,3-diene substituted at positions 1 and 4 by methyl and prop-1-en-2-yl groups respectively.


A 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specified as (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosatetraenoyl and (11Z)-icosenoyl respectively.


A 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specified as (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosatetraenoyl and arachidoyl (icosanoyl) respectively.


A 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specified as (13Z,16Z)-docosadienoyl and linoleoyl respectively.


A 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specified as (13Z,16Z)-docosadienoyl and hexadecanoyl respectively.


A 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specified as (10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosatrienoyl and (9Z,12Z)-hexadecadienoyl respectively.


A 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specified as (10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosatrienoyl and hexadecanoyl respectively.


A 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specified as (10Z,13Z,16Z)-docosatrienoyl and linoleoyl  respectively.


ryanodine

An insecticide alkaloid isolated from South American plant Ryania speciosa.


A 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specified as (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosatetraenoyl and octadecanoyl respectively.


A 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specified as (8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosatetraenoyl and (11Z)-octadecenoyl respectively.


2-hydroxyestradiol 3-methyl ether

A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a hydroxy group and the phenolic hydrogen at position 3 has bee replaced by a methyl group.


A glutathione conjugate in which the thiol hydrogen of glutathione has been replaced by a 2,4-dinitrophenyl group.


A member of the class of furans that is furan substituted by methyl and methylsulfanyl groups at positions 2 and 5, respectively. It is a metabolite found in coffee and human urine.


(4-bromophenylsulfanyl)pyruvic acid

A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid comprising pyruvic acid having a 4-bromophenylsulfanyl group attached at the 3-position.


4-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid

A 4-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is cyclohexane substituted by a carboxy group at position 1 and a hydroxy group at position 4.


FLUMIOXAZIN

A benzoxazine that is N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one which is substituted at position 6 by a 1,3-dioxo-1,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl group and at position 7 by a fluorine. A protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor, it is used for the control of weeds in soya, peanuts, and a variety of vegetable and fruit crops.


STIGMASTANOL

A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 5alpha-stigmastane which is substituted at the 3beta position by a hydroxy group.


A steroid glucosiduronic acid that is 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone having a single beta-D-glucuronic acid residue attached at position 17.


A sulfonium compound comprising 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid having an adenosin-5'-yl group attached to the sulfur.


17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone 3-sulfate

A steroid sulfate that is 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone in which the hydroxy hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a sulfo group.


A 18-hydroxy steroid that is cortisol carrying a hydroxy group at position 18. Its urinary excretion is increased in patients with aldosterone-producing adenoma.


o-tyrosine

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of D- and L-o-tyrosine.


lanthionine ketimine

A member of the class of 1,4-thiazines that is 3,6-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiazine substituted by carboxy groups at positions 3 and 5. It is a natural but non-proteogenic amino acid found in human urine and brain.


A dialkyl ketone that is heptane in which the two methylene protons at position 4 have been replaced by an oxo group.


A member of the class of naphthoquinones that is 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone which is substituted at position 3 by a (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl group. A urinary metabolite of vitamin K1.


iberin

An isothiocyanate that is 1-isothiocyanatopropane in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a methylsulfinyl group. A glucosinolate hydrolysis product found in many members of the Brassicaceae family, it is a quorum-sensing inhibitor (QSI) of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


A thiophene that is substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 4.


COPROSTANOL

A member of the class of phytosterols that is 5beta-cholestane carrying a hydroxy substituent at the 3beta-position.


EPIETIOCHOLANOLONE

A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is 5beta-androstane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3beta and an oxo group at position 17. It is a metabolite of testosterone.


A member of the class of furans that is furan in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 4 are replaced by methyl groups.


methyl propenyl ketone

An enone that is pent-2-ene in which the two methylene hydrogens have been replaced by an oxo group.


N-methylnorsalsolinol

An isoquinolinol that is norsalsolinol substituted by a methyl group at position 2. It is present in normal human brain and also identified in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease.


urolithin A 8-O-glucuronide

A member of the class of benzochromenones that is urolithin A in which the phenolic hydrogen at position 8 has been replaced by a beta-D-glucuronosyl group.


butyl hexanoate

A hexanoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy group of hexanoic acid (caproic acid) with butan-1-ol. It is a volatile compound found in apples and peaches.


A HEPE that is (5Z,7E,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 9.


An O-glycosyl amino acid that is L-lysine in which one of the methylene hydrogens at position 5 has been replaced by an (alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy group.


gamma-Glu-Phe

A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the side-chain carboxy group of L-glutamic acid with the amino group of L-phenylalanine.


theaspirane

A norisoprenoid with forumula C13H22O that is a flavour component found in various essential oils such as raspberry oil and passion fruit oil.


A phosphatidylcholine 38:4 in which the acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specified as oleoyl and (8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosatrienoyl respectively.


m-tyramine

A primary amino compound that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3.


A monomethoxybenzene that is dopamine in which the hydroxy group at position 4 is replaced by a methoxy group.


A member of the class of hydroxyindoles that is 1H-indole in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by a hydroxy group.


Leu-enkephalin

A pentapeptide comprising L-tyrosine, glycine, glycine, L-phenylalanine and L-leucine residues joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is an endogenous opioid peptide produced in vertebrate species, including rodents, primates and humans that results from decomposition of proenkephalin or dynorphin and exhibits antinociceptive properties.


A carbotricyclic compound that is 1,5-dihydro-2H-2,4a-methanonaphthalene carrying four methyl groups at positions 1,1,5, and 5.


isopropyl dodecanoate

A fatty acid ester obtained by the formal condensation of carboxy group of dodecanoic acid with propan-2-ol. A metabolite found in human saliva.


An alkene that is dodecane containing one double bond at position 1. It is an intermediate used in the production of lubricants and surfactants.


cyclotetradecane

A cycloalkane that consists of fourteen carbons each bonded with two hydrogens.


propyl butyrate

A butyrate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of propanol with the carboxy group of butyric acid.


CINNAMIC ALDEHYDE

A 3-phenylprop-2-enal that has Z configuration.


A phosphatidylcholine 16:0_16:1 in which the acyl groups specified at positions 1 and 2 are palmitoleoyl and palmitoyl respectively.


A member of the class of furans that is furan in which the hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a butyl group. It is a constituent found in several plant species and some cooked foods.


A triacyl-sn-glycerol in which the which the acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 are specified as hexadecanoyl, while that at position 3 is specified as octadecanoyl


A triacyl-sn-glycerol in which the which the acyl groups at positions 1, 2 and 3 are specified as hexadecanoyl, octadecanoyl and (9Z)-octadecenoyl respectively.


A triacyl-sn-glycerol in which the which the acyl groups at positions 1, 2 and 3 are specified as hexadecanoyl, (9Z)-octadecenoyl and (11Z)-icosenoyl respectively.


An enone that is hex-2-ene in which the two methylene hydrogens at position 4 have been replaced by an oxo group.


TRIDECANAL

A long-chain fatty aldehyde that is tridecane in which two hydrogens attached to a terminal carbon are replaced by an oxo group.


propyl propionate

A propanoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of propanol with the carboxy group of propanoic acid.


A member of the class of  pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a 4-fluorophenyl group at position 5, a 4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 3. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it exhibits anticancer property.


5-methoxysalicylic acid

A methoxysalicylic acid that is salicylic acid which is carrying a methoxy group at position 5.


butyl propionate

A propanoate ester of butan-1-ol.


propionylglycine

A N-acylglycine obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of propionic acid with the amino group of glycine.


methylsuccinic acid

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methylsuccinic acid


METHYL 3-PHENYLPROPANOATE

A methyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-phenylpropionic acid with methanol.


A member of the class of pyranoindolizinoquinolines that is (4S)-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14-dione bearing two additional ethyl substituents at positions 4 and 11 as well as two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 9. It is the active metabolite of irinotecan and is ~1000 times more active than irinotecan itself.


SN-38 carboxylate

A  hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of SN-38 carboxylic acid, obtained from the deprotonation of the carboxy group. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3.


A dialkyl ketone that is hexane in which the two methylene protons at position 3 have been replaced by an oxo group.


5-methylfuran-2-carboxylic acid

A member of the class of furoic acids that is 2-furoic acid substituted at position 5 by a methyl group.


glycoursodeoxycholic acid

A bile acid glycine conjugate derived from ursoodeoxycholic acid.


SAFROLE

A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 1,3-benzodioxole which is substituted by an allyl group at position 5. It is found in several plants, including black pepper, cinnamon and nutmeg, and is present in several essential oils, notably that of sassafras. It has insecticidal properties and has been used as a topical antiseptic. Although not thought to pose a significant carcinogenic risk to humans, findings of weak carcinogenicity in rats have resulted in the banning of its (previously widespread) use in perfumes and soaps, and as a food additive.


A 2-penten-1-ol in which the double bond has (E)-configuration. It is a volatile compound found in cooked mussels, olive oil, fermented cucumber brine and cashew apple juice.


An enone that is pent-1-ene substituted by an oxo group at position 3.


butyrylglycine

A N-acylglycine obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of butyric acid with the amino group of glycine.


A triacyl-sn-glycerol in which the 1-acyl group is octadecanoyl while the 2- and 3-acyl groups are oleoyl.


(-)-Epicatechin

A catechin with (2R,3R)-configuration.


cystathionine ketimine

A 1-thia-4-azacyclohepta-3-ene-3,5-dicarboxylic acid that has R-configuration. It is cyclic sulfur-containing imino acid detected in bovine brain extracts.


An N-hydroxydocosadienoylsphingosine-1-phosphocholine in which the N-acyl group is specified as (13Z,16Z)-3-hydroxydocosa-13,16-enoyl.


An N-hydroxytetracosenoylsphingosine-1-phosphocholine in which the N-acyl group is specified as (15Z)-3-hydroxytetracos-15-enoyl.


An N-hydroxyhexadecenoylsphingosine-1-phosphocholine in which the N-acyl group is specified as (9Z)-3-hydroxyhexadec-9-enoyl.


An N-hydroxydocosenoylsphingosine-1-phosphocholine in which the N-acyl group is specified as (13Z)-3-hydroxydocos-13-enoyl.


An N-hydroxytetradecenoylsphingosine-1-phosphocholine in which the N-acyl group is specified as (9Z)-3-hydroxytetradec-9-enoyl.


isolimonene

A monoterpene that is cyclohex-1-ene substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 6 respectively.


salicin 6-phosphate

A glycoside phosphate that is salicin bearing an O-phospho group at position 6.


monoisobutyl phthalate

A phthalic acid monoester obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with the hydroxy group of isobutanol.


cyclo(L-His-L-Pro)

A homodetic cyclic peptide resulting from the formal condensation of both the amino and acid groups of L-histidine with the acid and amino groups of L-proline. It is a metabolite of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).


A trisaccharide that is lactose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 of the glucosyl moiety has undergone formal condensation with the anomeric hydroxy group of fucose (6-deoxy-L-galactose) to give the corresponding glycoside. Found in human milk.


rose oxide

A member of the class of oxanes that is  tetrahydro-2H-pyran which is substituted at positions 2 and 4 by an isoprop-1-enyl group and a methyl group, respectively. Organic compound of the pyran class and the monoterpene class and a fragrance found in roses and rose oil. All four possible stereoisomers are known; the 2S,4R and 2S,4S diastereoisomers [also known as the (-)-cis- and (-)-trans-isomers, respectively] are the main constituents in several essential oils and are used as a food flavouring and in perfumes and cosmetics.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (8Z,11Z,14Z)-icosatrienoyl


arachidonoyl-containing glycerolipid

A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as arachidonoyl


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as alpha-linolenoyl


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatetraenoyl.


SALICYLURIC ACID

An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as 2-hydroxybenzoyl.


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as gamma-linolenoyl


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as omega-3-arachidonoyl


A glycerolipid where one of the acyl groups is specified as (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoyl.


A C81 alpha-mycolic acid having a C55 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


A glycotriaosylceramide having N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl  component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base.


N-benzoyl-L-arginine

An N-acyl-L-arginine that is L-arginine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-amino group has been replaced by a benzoyl group.


A C78 alpha-mycolic acid having a C52 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


A C80 alpha-mycolic acid having a C54 meromycolic chain with two cis cyclopropyl functions and a saturated C26 alpha-branch. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


A C79 alpha-mycolic acid having a saturated C26 alpha-branch and a C53 meromycolic chain with a distal cis-double bond and a proximal cis-cyclopropyl function. It is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra.


N-benzoyl-L-tyrosine

An N-acyl-L-tyrosine that is L-tyrosine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a benzoyl group.


A sialopentaosylceramide having alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->4)]-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc as the sialopentaosyl component.


A sialopentaosylceramide having alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->4)]-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->6)]-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc as the sialopentaosyl component.


A carbohydrate sulfonate that is 3-deoxy-D-erythro-hex-2-ulosonic acid in which the hydroxy group at position 6 is replaced by a sulfo group.


A branched amino oligosaccharide that is a pentadecasaccharide derivative consisting of a linear trisaccharide of beta-D-mannose and two N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine residues (one of which is at the reducing end) all linked in sequence (1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which are linked (1->3) and (1->6) two N-glycoloyl-alpha-neuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear hexasaccharide units.


(2S,4R)-rose oxide

A rose oxide that has S configuration at position 2 and R configuration at position 4. Also known as (-)-cis-rose oxide, it is responsible for the characteristic fragrance of roses.


carboxyphosphoric acid

An acyclic mixed acid anhydride formed by condensation of phosphoric acid with carbonic acid.


(2R,4R)-rose oxide

A rose oxide in which both of the stereocentres have R configuration. It is also known as (-)-trans-rose oxide.


methyl glutamate

An alpha-amino acid ester obtained by formal condensation of the alpha-carboxy group of glutamic acid with methanol.


(2R,4S)-rose oxide

A rose oxide that has R configuration at position 2 and S configuration at position 4. Also known as (+)-cis-rose oxide.


(2S,4S)-rose oxide

A rose oxide in which both of the stereocentres have S configuration. It is also known as (+)-trans-rose oxide.


A 3-sulfolactaldehyde in which the stereocentre at position 3 has R-configuration.


A branched amino oligosaccharide that is a pentadecasaccharide derivative consisting of a linear trisaccharide of beta-D-mannose and two N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine residues (one of which is at the reducing end) all linked in sequence (1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which are linked (1->3) and (1->6) two alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear hexasaccharide units.


An organic cation that is 3,4-dihydroxyphenoxazin-5-ium carrying additional carboxy and dimethylamino groups at positions 1 and 7 respectively. The chloride salt is the histological dye 'gallocyanin'.


A 3-sulfolactaldehyde(1-) in which the stereocentre at position 3 has S-configuration.


Methyl violet 2B free base

An imine that is 4-methylidenecyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-imine in which both the hydrogens of the methylidene group are replaced by 4-(dimethylamino)phenyl groups. The hydrochloride salt is the histological dye 'Methyl violet 2B'.


Methyl violet 2B(1+)

An iminium ion obtained by protonation of the imino group of Methyl violet 2B free base.


Guinee green B(1+)

An iminium ion that is the free acid form of Guinee green B.


Guinee green B(1-)

An organosulfonate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the sulfonate groups of Guinee green B(1+).


HEMATEIN

An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is -6a,7-dihydrobenzo[b]indeno[1,2-d]pyran-9-one carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 3, 4, 6a and 10.


indigo carmine

A member of the class of indolones obtained by formal 2,2'-oxidative coupling of two molecules of 3-oxo-2,3-dihydroindole-5-sulfonic acids.


A saturated fatty acyl-CoA(4-) obtaned by deprotonation of phosphate and diphosphate functions of tricosanoyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


A monounsaturated fatty acyl-CoA(4-) obtaned by deprotonation of phosphate and diphosphate functions of (2E)-tricosenoyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


A mixture of 5- and-6-chloromethyl derivatives of 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, acetyl ester.


A member of the class of xanthenes that is the acetic anhydride of dihydrofluorescein diacetate carrying additional chloro substituents at positions 2 and 7 as well as a chloromethyl substituent meta to the anhydride function.


A member of the class of xanthenes that is the acetic anhydride of dihydrofluorescein diacetate carrying additional chloro substituents at positions 2 and 7 as well as a chloromethyl substituent para to the anhydride function.


DIBROMOACETIC ACID

A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which two of the methyl hydrogens are replaced by bromo groups.


A fatty amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of octadec-9-enoic acid with the amino group of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.


N-(p-nitrophenyl)-beta-alaninamide

A beta-alanine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of beta-alanine with the amino group of 4-nitroaniline.


scytonemin

A ring assembly obtained by 1,1'-coupling of two molecules of (3E)-3-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]cyclopenta[b]indol-2(3H)-one. A UV-screening molecule produced by many strains of cyanobacteria.


A galactose phosphate that is 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactoside substituted at position 6 by a monophosphate group.


6-bromo-2-naphthyl alpha-D-galactoside

An alpha-D-galactoside having a 6-bromo-2-naphthyl substituent at the anomeric position.


An alpha-L-arabinopyranoside  having a 4-methylumbelliferyl substituent at the anomeric position


deferrichrome

A homodetic cyclic peptide composed from two units of three glycyl and three N(5)-acetyl-N(5)-hydroxy-L-ornithyl residues.


4-nitrophenyl alpha-L-arabinoside

An alpha-L-arabinopyranoside having a 4-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position


S-adenosyl-L-cysteine

An L-cysteine derivative in which the thiol hydrogen of L-cysteine is replaced by an adenosyl group.


A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine in which the phenyl ring is methylated at positions 2, 4 and 6.


4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-xyloside

A xyloside that is alpha-D-xylopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group.


6-bromo-2-naphthyl beta-D-galactoside

A beta-D-galactoside having a 6-bromo-2-naphthyl substituent at the anomeric position.


phenylalanine betaine

An amino acid betaine derived from phenylalanine.


salsalate

A dimeric benzoate ester obtained by intermolecular condensation between the carboxy of one molecule of salicylic acid with the phenol group of a second. It is a prodrug for salycylic acid that is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and also shows activity against type II diabetes.


2-naphthyl beta-D-galactoside

A beta-D-galactoside having a 2-naphthyl substituent at the anomeric position.


tyrosine betaine

An amino acid betaine derived from tyrosine.


A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is tyrosine in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 3 as well as the phenolic hydrogen are replaced by methyl groups.


N-amidinoaspartic acid

An aspartic acid derivative comprising aspartic acid carrying an N-amidino substituent.


2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactoside

A beta-D-galactoside having a 2-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position.


2-naphthol AS BI-beta-D-glucuronide

A beta-D-glucosiduronic acid having a 6-bromo-3-[(2-methoxyphenyl)carbamoyl]naphthalen-2-yl substituent at the anomeric position.


4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide

A beta-D-glucosiduronic acid having a 4-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position.


6-bromo-2-naphthyl beta-D-mannoside

A beta-D-mannoside having a 6-bromo-2-naphthyl substituent at the anomeric position.


4-nitrophenyl beta-D-xyloside

A xyloside that is beta-D-xylopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group.


5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl acetate

An acetate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of acetic acid with the hydroxy group of 5-bromo-4-chloroindoxyl.


2-naphthyl butyrate

A butyrate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of butyric acid with the hydroxy group of 2-naphthol.


A ganglioside GM1/1b(1-) obtained by deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy group of alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide; major species at pH 7.3.


A member of the class of tetralins obtained by formal epoxidation across the 2,3-double bond of menatetrenone.


A alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosylceramide(2-) in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as octadecanoyl (stearoyl).


A glycooctaosylceramide having an alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with d18:1 sphingoid base and undefined fatty acyl chain.


A glycododecaosylceramide having an alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->6)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with d18:1 sphingoid base and undefined fatty acyl chain.


A methyl-branched fatty acyl-CoA(4-) obtained by deprotonation of the phosphate and diphosphate functions of 2-methylhexanoyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


A monounsaturated fatty acyl-CoA(4-) obtained by deprotonation of phosphate and diphosphate functions of 2-methylhexenoyl-CoA; major species at pH 7.3.


A branched amino oligosaccharide that is a pentadecasaccharide derivative consisting of a linear trisaccharide of beta-D-mannose and two N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine residues (one of which is at the reducing end) all linked in sequence (1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which are linked (1->3) and (1->6) two N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear hexasaccharide units.


A branched amino oligosaccharide that is a heptadecasaccharide derivative consisting of a linear trisaccharide of beta-D-mannose and two N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine residues (one of which is at the reducing end) all linked in sequence (1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which are linked (1->3) and (1->6) two beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear heptasaccharide units.


A dihexosylceramide sulfate(1-) obtained by deprotonation of the sulfate group of beta-D-3-sulfogalactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide; major species at pH 7.3.


An organosulfate oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of the sulfate group of N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-3-sulfogalactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide; major species at pH 7.3.


N-hexanoylphytosphingosine 1-phosphate

A ceramide 1-phosphate in which the sphingoid and acyl components are specified as phytosphingosine and hexanoyl respctively.


A linear amino tetrasaccharide comprising two alpha-N-glycoloylneuraminyl residues, a beta-D-galactose residue and (at the reducing end) an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue, linked sequentially (2->8), (2->3) and (1->4).


A dTDP-sugar having 2,3-dehydro-2,6-dideoxy-4-keto-alpha-D-glucose as the sugar component.


beta-citryl-Glu-Glu

A dipeptide that is Glu-Glu in which one of the amino terminal hydrogens is replaced by a beta-citryl group.


A linear amino tetrasaccharide comprising an alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl residue, an alpha-N-glycoloylneuraminyl residue, a beta-D-galactose residue and (at the reducing end) an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue, linked sequentially (2->8), (2->3) and (1->4).


An NADP obtained by formal reduction of the 1,2-position in the pyridine ring of beta-NADP.


An NADP obtained by formal reduction of the 1,2-position in the pyridine ring of beta-NAD.


An NADP obtained by formal reduction of the 1,6-position in the pyridine ring of beta-NADP.


An NADP obtained by formal reduction of the 1,6-position in the pyridine ring of beta-NAD.


A linear amino tetrasaccharide comprising an alpha-N-glycoloylneuraminyl residue, an alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl residue, a beta-D-galactose residue and (at the reducing end) an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue, linked sequentially (2->8), (2->3) and (1->4).


An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid.


A linear amino tetrasaccharide comprising two N-acetyl-alpha-neuraminyl residues, a beta-D-galactose residue and (at the reducing end) an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue, linked sequentially (2->8), (2->3) and (1->4).


A member of the class of quinazolines that is 4,6-diaminoquinazoine in which the one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group at position 4 has been replaced by a m-bromophenyl group while one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group at position 6 has been replaced by a but-2-ynoyl group.


iodine green(2+)

An iminium ion that forms the cationic portion of the histological dye 'iodine green'.


A branched amino oligosaccharide that is a heptadecasaccharide derivative comprising a linear trisaccharide of alpha-D-mannose and two N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine residues (one of which is at the reducing end) all linked in sequence (1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which are linked a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)]-alpha-D-mannosyl branched nonasaccharide unit [linked (1->6)], and a beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear pentasaccharide unit [linked (1->3)].


kermesic acid

A tetrahydroxyanthraquinone that is that is 3,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone substituted by methyl and carboxy groups at positions 1 and 2 respectively. It is a natural dye isolated from the insect species Kermes ilices.


LAC dye

A four-component mixture of dyes obtained from the secretions of the insect species Laccifer lacca. The four components of LAC are laccaic acids A, B, C and D of which laccaic acid A is the most abundant.


diaziquone

A 1,4-benzoquinone that is substituted at positions 2 and 5 have been replaced by aziridin-1-yl groups and at positions 3 and 6 by (ethoxycarbonyl)amino groups.


LACCACID ACID A

A tetrahydroxyanthraquinone that is that is 3,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone substituted by two carboxy groups at positions 1 and 2 as well as a 5-(2-acetamidoethyl)-2-hydroxyphenyl group at position 7. The major component of LAC dye together with laccaic acids B, C and D


A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is raloxifene in which the piperidin-1-yl group has been replaced by a pyrrolidin-1-yl group.


laccaic acid B

A tetrahydroxyanthraquinone that is that is 3,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone substituted by two carboxy groups at positions 1 and 2 as well as a 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-hydroxyphenyl group at position 7. A minor component of LAC dye together with laccaic acids A, C and D


An anionic ganglioside obtained by deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy group of alpha-L-Fuc-(1->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-Cer; major species at pH 7.3.


An ammonium ion resulting from the protonation of the piperidine nitrogen of raloxifene. The major species at pH 7.3.


laccaic acid C

A tetrahydroxyanthraquinone that is that is 3,5,6,8-tetrahydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone substituted by two carboxy groups at positions 1 and 2 as well as a 5-(2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)-2-hydroxyphenyl group at position 7. A minor component of LAC dye together with laccaic acids A, B and D


A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 have been replaced by aziridin-1-yl groups while the hydrogens at positions 3 and 6 have been replaced by (2-hydroxyethyl)amino groups.


laccaic acid D

A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is that is 3,6,8-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone substituted by methyl and carboxy groups at positions 1 and 2 respectively. A minor component of LAC dye together with laccaic acids A, B and C.


tacedinaline

A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-acetamidobenzoic acid with one of the amino groups of 1,2-phenylenediamine. An oral cytostatic drug with impressive differential activity against leukemic cells and normal stem-cells. Also used in combination therapy for selected tumors including non-smoll cell lung, pancreatic, breast, and colorectal cancers.


rac-selisistat

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-selisistat. It is a potent sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) inhibitor (IC50 38 nM) and is 200-500-fold more selective for SIRT1 than for SIRT2 or SIRT3. The active isomer (EX-243) gives similar results and potency; the enantiomer (EX-242) is inactive.


A member of the class of indolones that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one which is substituted by a (2,6-dichlorobenzyl)sulfonyl group at position 5 and by a (1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylidene group at position 2, the pyrrole ring of which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 5, and by a [2-(pyrrolidin-1-ylmethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]carbonyl group at position 4 (the Z,R isomer).


An amino oligosaccharide that is an undecasaccharide derivative in which two tetrasaccharide branches, each formed from alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannose, are linked (1->3) and (1->6) to the mannose residue of a trisaccharide chain consisting of mannose and two N-acetylglucosamine residues all linked beta(1->4) with an unspecified configuration of the anomeric carbon of the N-acetylglucosamine residue at the reducing end.


lissamine fast red(2-)

An organosulfonate oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from both of the sulfo groups of 5-[(4-acetamido-2-sulfophenyl)diazenyl]-6-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid.


CTPB

A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-ethoxy-6-pentadecylbenzoic acid with one of the amino groups of 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline.


lissamine fast red (acid form)

A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is 6-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid carrying additional hydroxy and (4-acetamido-2-sulfophenyl)diazenyl substituents at positions 4 and 5 respectively. The disodium salt is the biological stain 'lissamine fast red'.


plitidepsin

A didemnin that is didemin B in which the hydroxy group of the 1-(2-hydroxypropanoyl)-L-prolinamide moiety has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. It was originally isolated from the Mediterranean tunicate Aplidium albicans.


A linear amino tetrasaccharide consisting of two N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine disaccharide units linked (1->3).


lissamine fast yellow(2-)

An organosulfonate oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from both of the sulfo groups of 2,5-dichloro-4-{5-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-[(4-sulfophenyl)diazenyl]pyrazol-1-yl}benzene-1-sulfonic acid.


lissamine fast yellow (acid form)

An arenesulfonic acid that is 2,5-dichloro-4-(pyrazol-1-yl)benzene-1-sulfonic acid in which the pyrazole ring is substituted by methyl, (4-sulfophenyl)diazenyl and hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4, and 5 respctively. The disodium salt is the biological stain 'lissamine fast yellow'.


A branched amino oligosaccharide that is a pentacosasaccharide derivative consisting of a linear trisaccharide of beta-D-mannose and two N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine residues (one of which is at the reducing end) all linked in sequence (1->4), to the mannosyl residue of which are linked (1->3) and (1->6) two beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl linear undecasaccharide units.


quizartinib

A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which one of the amino groups has been substituted by a 5-tert-butyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl group while the other has been substituted by a phenyl group substituted at the para- position by an imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]benzothiazol-2-yl group that, in turn, is substituted at position 7 by a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethoxy group.


An organic cation obtained by protonation of the amino groups of a gentamycin; major species at pH 7.3. Gentamycins are a family of aminoglycoside antibiotics produced by Gram-positive bacteria of the Micromonospora genus.


gentamycin 2''-phosphate dizwitterion

A zwitterion that is derived from a gentamycin 2''-phosphate by deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups and protonation of the amino groups.


A (2S)-2-methylacyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (2S)-2-methylbutanoic acid.


RU 58668

A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in the the hydrogen at the 11beta position has been replaced by a p-({5-[(4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)sulfonyl]pentyl}oxy)phenyl group. RU 58668 is a pure anti-estrogen that downregulates estrogen receptor expression (IC50 = 0.04 nM).


A medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of 2-methylhexanoic acid.


rubitecan

A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is camptothecin in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a nitro group. It is a prodrug for 9-aminocamptothecin.


A glycotriaosylceramide consisting of the trisaccharide alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose attached (via a glycosidic bond) to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base.


selumetinib

A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole which is substituted at positions 4, 5, and 6 by fluorine, (4-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)amino, and N-(2-hydroxyethoxy)aminocarbonyl groups, respectively. It is a MEK1 and MEK2 inhibitor.


epoxypheophorbide a

A member of the class of pheophorbides obtained by formal epoxidation of pheophorbide a.


SANTAMARIN

A sesquiterpene lactone of the eudesmanolide group.


prostaglandin E2 1-glyceryl ester

A 1-monoglyceride resulting from the condensation of the carboxy group of prostaglandin E2 with the 1-hydroxy group of glycerol.


An alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-Gal-(1->3)-beta-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-Gal-(1->4)-beta-Glc-(1<->1')-Cer in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as octadecanoyl.


A nucleoside analogue that is adenine in which the nitrogen at position 9 has been substituted by a tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group. It is an adenylate cyclase inhibitor.


prostaglandin F2alpha 1-glyceryl ester

A 1-monoglyceride resulting from the condensation of the carboxy group of prostaglandin F2alpha with the 1-hydroxy group of glycerol.


spiruchostatin B

A spiruchostatin with molecular formula C21H33N3O6S2 originally isolated from a Pseudomonas culture broth.


(2E,6E)-farnesyl monophosphate

A member of the class of farnesyl phosphates that is the monophosphatr derivative of (2E,6E)-farnesol


TANDUTINIB

An N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 1 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-7-[3-(piperidin-1-yl)propoxy]quinazolin-4-yl group, while the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 4 is replaced by a (p-isopropoxyphenyl)aminocarbonyl group. Tandutinib is an inhibitor of tyrosine kinases FLT3, PDGFR and KIT.


A beta-Gal-(1->3)-beta-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-Gal-(1->4)-beta-Glc-(1<->1')-Cer in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as octadecanoyl.


tiazofurine

A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).


SANTIN

A trimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3, 6 and 4' and hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 7 respectively.


An alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->8)-alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-Gal-(1->4)-beta-Glc-(1<->1')-Cer in which the ceramide N-acyl group is specified as octadecanoyl.


vinflunine

An organic heteropentacyclic compound and an organic heterotetracyclic compound that is vinorelbine in which the  tetrahydropyridine moiety of the heterotetracyclic part of the molecule has been redced to the corresponding piperidine, and in which the ethyl group attached to this ring has been replaced by a 1,1-difluoroethyl group.


caffeic acid 3-sulfate

An aryl sulfate that is trans-caffeic acid in which the phenolic hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a sulfo group. A metabolite from coffee.


A branched amino tetrasaccharide consisting of a linear trisaccharide of beta-D-galactose, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine and (at the reducing end) N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues linked sequentially (1->3) and (1->6), to the N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residue of which is also linked (1->3) a further beta-D-galactose residue.


2-chlorosuccinic acid

A C4-dicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid substituted at position 2 by a chloro group.


A ganglioside GD1(2-) obtained by deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy groups of alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->6)]-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-Cer; major species at pH 7.3.


A member of the class of hydroxyindoles that is indoxyl carrying an additional bromo substituent at position 5.


5-bromo-3-indolyl decanoate

An decanoate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of decanoic acid with the hydroxy group of 5-bromoindoxyl.


2-naphthyl tetradecanoate

A tetradecanoate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of tetradecanoic acid with the hydroxy group of 2-naphthol.


2-naphthyl octanoate

A octanoate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of octanoic acid with the hydroxy group of 2-naphthol.


bis(p-nitrophenyl)phosphocholine

A member of the class of phosphocholines obtained by formal condensation of the phosphate group of phosphocholine with the phenolic groups of two molecules of 4-nitrophenol.


2-naphthyl alpha-L-fucoside

An alpha-L-fucoside that is alpha-L-fucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 2-naphthyl group.


4-nitrophenyl alpha-L-fucoside

An alpha-L-fucoside that is alpha-L-fucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group.


2-naphthyl beta-L-fucoside

A beta-L-fucoside that is beta-L-fucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 2-naphthyl group.


4-nitrophenyl beta-L-fucoside

A beta-L-fucoside that is beta-L-fucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group.


2-naphthyl alpha-D-glucoside

An alpha-D-glucoside that is alpha-D-glucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 2-naphthyl group.


6-bromo-2-naphthyl beta-D-glucoside

A beta-D-glucoside that is beta-D-glucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 6-bromo-2-naphthyl group.


2-naphthyl beta-D-glucoside

A beta-D-glucoside that is beta-D-glucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 2-naphthyl group.


4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucoside

A beta-D-glucoside that is beta-D-glucopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group.


4-nitrophenyl beta-lactoside

A disaccharide derivative that is beta-lactose in which the anomeric hydroxy hydrogen is replaced by a 4-nitrophenyl group.


AH23848 hemicalcium salt

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (1R,2R,5S)- and (1S,2S,5R)-enantiomers of calcium bis[(4Z)-7-{5-[([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)methoxy]-2-(morpholin-4-yl)-3-oxocyclopentyl}hept-4-enoate]. A potent, specific thromboxane receptor-blocking drug that is orally active and has a long duration of action.


A glycopentaosylceramide having alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base.


A 3-sulfolactaldehyde in which the stereocentre at position 3 has R-configuration.


An anionic ganglioside obtained by deprotonation of the neuraminosyl carboxy groups of fucosyl GD1b; major species at pH 7.3.


tricosanoyl-CoA

A very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of tricosanoic acid.


A sesquiterpene lactone obtained by formal hydrogenation across the 11,13-double bond of lactucin. Found in chicory


11beta,13-dihydrolactucin 15-glycoside

A terpene glycoside obtained by glycosylation of the 15-hydroxy group of 11beta,13-dihydrolactucin. Found in chicory.


11beta,13-dihydrolactucin 15-oxalate

A sesquiterpene lactone obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of oxalic acid with the 15-hydroxy group of 11beta,13-dihydrolactucin. Found in chicory.


lactucin 15-glycoside

A terpene glycoside obtained by glycosylation of the 15-hydroxy group of lactucin. Found in chicory.


lactucin 15-oxalate

A sesquiterpene lactone obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of oxalic acid with the 15-hydroxy group of lactucin. Found in chicory.


A terpene glycoside obtained by glycosylation of the 15-hydroxy group of 8-deoxylactucin. Found in chicory.


A terpene glycoside obtained by glycosylation of the 15-hydroxy group of 11,13-dihydro-8-deoxylactucin. Found in chicory.


8-deoxylactucin 15-oxalate

A sesquiterpene lactone obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of oxalic acid with the 15-hydroxy group of 8-deoxylactucin. Found in chicory.


A very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of (2E)-tricosenoic acid.


A sesquiterpene lactone obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of oxalic acid with the 15-hydroxy group of 11beta,13-dihydro-8-deoxylactucin. Found in chicory.


A sesquiterpene lactone obtained by formal hydrogenation across the 11,13-double bond of 8-deoxylactucin. Found in chicory


lactucopicrin 15-oxalate

A sesquiterpene lactone obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of oxalic acid with the 15-hydroxy group of lactucopicrin. Found in chicory.


A sesquiterpene lactone obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of oxalic acid with the 15-hydroxy group of 11beta,13-dihydrolactucopicrin. Found in chicory.


BIS(ETHYL)SPERMINE

A substituted spermine that is spermine in which a hydrogen attached to each of the primary amino groups has been replaced by an ethyl group.


A sesquiterpene lactone obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid with the 8-hydroxy group of 11beta,13-dihydrolactucin. Found in chicory.


PYRAZOFURIN

A C-glycosyl compound that is 4-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group.


STAT3 inhibitor peptide

A linear eighteen-membered polypeptide comprising the sequence Pro-Tyr-(PO3H2)-Leu-Lys-Thr-Lys-Ala-Ala-Val-Leu-Leu-Pro-Val-Leu-Leu-Ala-Ala-Pro.


Milling yellow 3G (free acid)

An arenesulfonic acid that is 5-chloro-2-(pyrazol-1-yl)benzene-1-sulfonic acid in which the pyrazole ring is substituted by methyl, 4-(tosyloxy)phenyldiazenyl and hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4, and 5 respctively. The monosodium salt is the biological stain 'Milling yellow 3G'.


pacein

A member of the class of benzofurans that is dibenzo[b,d]furan-3,7-dione bearing two methyl substituents at positions 1 and 9 as well as two 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylanilino substituents at positions 2 and 8.


triacylglycerol 36:0

A triglyceride in which the three acyl groups contain a total of 36 carbons and 0 double bonds.


A glycopentaosylceramide having a beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-[alpha-L-Fuc-(1->4)]-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with d18:1 sphingoid base and and undefined fatty acyl chain.


triacylglycerol 42:0

A triglyceride in which the three acyl groups contain a total of 42 carbons and 0 double bonds.


triacylglycerol 42:1

A triglyceride in which the three acyl groups contain a total of 42 carbons and 1 double bond.


A pyrrolopyridine that is vemurafenib in which the p-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by chlorine. It is a potent and selective inhibitor of the Raf kinase B-Raf(V600E).


triacylglycerol 44:0

A triglyceride in which the three acyl groups contain a total of 44 carbons and 0 double bonds.


triacylglycerol 44:1

A triglyceride in which the three acyl groups contain a total of 44 carbons and 1 double bond.


triacylglycerol 44:2

A triglyceride in which the three acyl groups contain a total of 44 carbons and 2 double bonds.


orcein

A variable mixture of several compounds isolated from lichens, the eight most abundant being alpha-aminoorcein, alpha-hydroxyorcein, beta-aminoorcein, gamma-aminoorcein, beta-hydroxyorcein, gamma-hydroxyorcein, beta-aminoorceimine and beta-aminoorceimine (all are phenoxazine-based). It is used for the demonstration of elastic fibres as well as to stain the rough endoplasmic reticulum of hepatitis B infected liver cells.


triacylglycerol 45:0

A triglyceride in which the three acyl groups contain a total of 45 carbons and 0 double bonds.


triacylglycerol 50:5

A triglyceride in which the three acyl groups contain a total of 50 carbons and 5 double bonds.


triacylglycerol 52:1

A triglyceride in which the three acyl groups contain a total of 52 carbons and 1 double bond.


triacylglycerol 53:8

A triglyceride in which the three acyl groups contain a total of 53 carbons and 8 double bonds.


A member of the class of pyrimidines that is 5-methylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine in which the amino group at position 2 is substituted by a p-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl group, while that at position 4 is substituted by a m-(tert-butylsulfamoyl)phenyl group. A Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitor.


triacylglycerol 54:1

A triglyceride in which the three acyl groups contain a total of 54 carbons and 1 double bond.