name: benign connective and soft tissue neoplasm

description: A non-metastasizing neoplasm that arises from the connective and soft tissue. Representative examples include lipoma, leiomyoma, fibroma, and osteoma.


delta-heavy chain disease

category: biolink:Disease biolink:DiseaseOrPhenotypicFeature biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing

description: A heavy chain disease that results from an overproduction of delta antibody (IgD).


akinetopsia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of motion perception.


alexithymia

description: An agnosia that is a deficiency in understanding, processing, or describing emotions.


amusia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize musical notes, rhythms, and intervals.


anosognosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to gain feedback about one's own condition or impairments.


apperceptive agnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguish visual shapes.


apraxia

description: Apraxia is a neurological disorder characterized by the inability to perform tasks or movements, despite having the desire and physical ability to perform them. It is caused by damage to the brain, especially the parietal lobe, and can arise from many diseases, tumors, a stroke, or traumatic brain injury. In some cases it is present from birth. There are several types of apraxia, which may occur alone or together. These include: Buccofacial or orofacial apraxia is the inability to carry out facial movements on demand. This may include licking the lips, sticking out the tongue, whistling, coughing, or winking. Ideational apraxia is the inability to carryout learned, complex tasks with multiple, sequential movements. This may include dressing, eating, and bathing. Ideomotor apraxia is the inability to perform a learned task (such as using a tool) or communicate using gestures (like waving good-bye). Limb-kinetic apraxia is the inability to make fine, precise movements with an arm or leg. This may include buttoning a shirt or tying a shoe. Verbal apraxia is difficulty coordinating mouth and speech movements. Verbal apraxia may be acquired or present from birth. Constructional apraxia is the inability to copy, draw, or construct simple figures. Oculomotor apraxia is difficulty moving the eyes on command. Treatment of apraxia may include physical, speech, or occupational therapy. If apraxia occurs as a symptom of another disorder, treatment should be directed to the underlying condition.


associative visual agnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize visual scenes or classes of objects but retain the ability to describe them.


auditory agnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to distinguishing environmental and non-verbal auditory cues including difficulty distinguishing speech from non-speech sounds even though hearing is usually normal.


autotopagnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to orient parts of the body.


color agnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize a color, while being able to perceive or distinguish it.


cortical deafness

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive any auditory information but whose hearing is intact.


finger agnosia

description: An agnosia characterized by an inability to distinguish, name, or recognize the fingers


form agnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive a whole object while perceiving only parts of details.


integrative agnosia

description: Agnosia characterized by the inability to integrate perceptual wholes within knowledge.


mirror agnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to acknowledge objects in the neglected field that are visible when a mirror reflects the object visible in the non-neglected field.


pain agnosia

description: Loss of the ability to perceive and process pain.


phonagnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize familiar voices.


semantic agnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to visually recognize an object while maintaining the use of non-visual sensory systems such as feeling, tapping, smelling, rocking or flicking the object to recognize the object.


simultanagnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize a whole image or scene while retaining the ability to recognize objects or details in their visual field one at a time.


social emotional agnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to perceive facial expression, body language and intonation, rendering them unable to non-verbally perceive people's emotions and limiting that aspect of social interaction.


astereognosia

description: An agnosia that is the loss of the ability to recognize objects by touch based on its texture, size and weight.


tactile agnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognize or identify objects by touch alone.


time agnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to comprehend the succession and duration of events.


topographical agnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to rely on visual cues to guide them directionally due to the inability to recognize objects.


verbal auditory agnosia

description: An agnosia that is a loss of the ability to recognizing spoken words as semantically meaningful.


visual agnosia

description: An inability to recognize or interpret objects by sight.


alexia without agraphia

description: Loss of the power to comprehend written materials despite preservation of the ability to write (i.e., alexia without agraphia). This condition is generally attributed to lesions that 'disconnect' the visual cortex of the non-dominant hemisphere from language centers in the dominant hemisphere. This may occur when a dominant visual cortex injury is combined with underlying white matter lesions that involve crossing fibers from the occipital lobe of the opposite hemisphere. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p483)


diffuse alopecia areata

description: An alopecia areata that involves diffuse loss of hair over the whole scalp.


inborn organic aciduria

description: An inherited disorder that affects the metabolism of any acidic compound containing carbon in a covalent linkage.


body dysmorphic disorder

description: Preoccupations with appearance or self-image causing significant distress or impairment in important areas of functioning.


bipolar II disorder

description: A bipolar disorder that is characterized by at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode; with this disorder, depressive episodes are more frequent and more intense than manic episodes.


seasonal affective disorder

description: A syndrome characterized by depressions that recur annually at the same time each year, usually during the winter months. Other symptoms include anxiety, irritability, decreased energy, increased appetite (carbohydrate cravings), increased duration of sleep, and weight gain. sad (seasonal affective disorder) can be treated by daily exposure to bright artificial lights (phototherapy), during the season of recurrence.


name: gamma-amino butyric acid metabolism disorder

description: An amino acid metabolic disorder characterized by impairment of the GABA catabolic pathway.


familial hemiplegic migraine

description: A migraine disorder characterized by individual and family history of aura that includes motor weakness.


ischemic colitis

description: Inflammation of the colon due to colonic ischemia resulting from alterations in systemic circulation or local vasculature.


microscopic colitis

description: Inflammation of the colon that is only apparent by microscopic examination.


collagenous colitis

description: A type of microscopic colitis of unknown etiology. It is characterized by the presence of collagen deposits in the lamina propria of the colonic mucosa. Patients present with chronic watery diarrhea. Colonoscopy reveals normal-appearing mucosa. The diagnosis is made with the microscopic examination of the colonic biopsy samples.


lymphocytic colitis

description: Microscopic colitis characterized by the accumulation of lymphocytes in the colonic epithelium and lamina propria. Patients present with chronic watery diarrhea. Colonoscopy reveals normal colonic mucosa. The diagnosis is made with the microscopic examination of the colonic biopsy samples.


Clostridium difficile colitis

description: A bacterial infection of the colon secondary to infection with Clostridium difficile bacteria. This infection generally results from the loss of normal gut flora secondary to recent antibiotic use, and manifests as copious watery stools, with associated abdominal pain and myalgia. C. difficile is the most common cause of pseudomembranous colitis, and can progress to toxic megacolon if left untreated.


chemical colitis

description: A colitis caused by the introduction of harsh chemicals to the colon by an enema or other procedure. Chemical colitis can resemble ulcerative colitis, infectious colitis and pseudomembranous colitis endoscopically.


diversion colitis

description: A colitis which can occur as a complication of ileostomy or colostomy.


Crohn ileitis

description: An Crohn disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the ileum.


gastroduodenal Crohn disease

description: An inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation located in stomach and located in duodenum, has symptom nausea, has symptom vomiting, has symptom weight loss and has symptom loss of appetite.


lymph node adenoid cystic carcinoma

description: A adenoid cystic carcinoma that involves the lymph node.


agraphia

description: An acquired writing disorder causing a loss in the ability to communicate through writing, either due to some motor dysfunction or the inability to spell.


xanthinuria

description: A metabolic metabolic disorder characterized by excess urinary excretion of the purine base xanthine.


non-syndromic synpolydactyly

description: A synpolydactyly that is not part of a larger syndrome.


stutter disorder

description: A speech disorder characterized by frequent sound or syllable repetitions, sound prolongations, or other dysfluencies that are inappropriate for the individual's age.


specific language impairment

description: A language disorder characterized by difficulty in language acquisition despite otherwise normal development and in the absence of any obvious explanatory factors.


idiopathic scoliosis

description: A scoliosis with no known cause.


scapuloperoneal myopathy

description: A muscular dystrophy which begins at the lower legs and affects the shoulder region earlier and more severely than distal arm.


ptosis

description: The drooping of the upper eyelid.


name: combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency

description: A mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder in which multiple mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes.


cornea plana

description: A rare developmental defect of the eye characterized by usually bilateral absence of the normal protrusion of the cornea from the sclera, the corneal curvature being the same as that of the adjacent sclera. Most patients develop hyperopia, hazy corneal limbus, and arcus lipoides at an early age. The condition may present as an autosomal dominant or an autosomal recessive form, with the latter showing more severe signs and symptoms (such as a round and opaque thickening located centrally in the cornea) and more frequent association with other ocular anomalies.


dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria

description: A pigmentation disease characterized by reticulate hyper- and hypo-pigmentated macules in a generalized distribution.


uvulitis

description: Inflammation of the uvula.


adenoid hypertrophy

description: An upper respiratory tract disease characterized by the unusual growth of the adenoid tonsil; has symptom snoring, has symptom hyponasality, has symptom otitis media with effusion, has symptom mouth breathing.


angular cheilitis

description: Inflammation of the skin at the corners of the mouth characterized by redness, fissures or crusts.


oral hairy leukoplakia

description: An epithelial hyperplasia of the oral cavity mucosa associated with Epstein-Barr virus and found almost exclusively in persons with HIV infection. The lesion consists of a white patch that is often corrugated or hairy.


lung abscess

description: A bacterial, fungal or parasitic abscess that develops in the lung parenchyma. Causes include aspiration pneumonia, necrotizing pneumonia, necrotizing malignant tumors, and Wegener's granulomatosis.


cardiac arrest

description: Cessation of breathing and/or cardiac function.


mastoiditis

description: Inflammation of the mucosal lining of the mastoid antrum and mastoid air cell system of the mastoid process.


breast abscess

description: A breast disease characterized by a collection of pus in the breast.


dental abscess

description: A tooth disease characterized by a localized collection of pus associated with a tooth.


cervical polyp

description: A polyp that arises from the surface of the cervix.


anal fistula

description: A pathologic tract that connects an opening in the anal canal to the perianal skin. In the vast majority of cases there is a history of perianal abscess.


ectopic pregnancy

description: An abnormal pregnancy in which the conception is implanted outside the endometrial cavity.


description: An embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma located in the parameningeal region.


glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis

description: An osteoporosis caused by chronic glucocorticoid use. Glucocorticoids impair the replication, differentiation and function of osteoblasts and induce the apoptosis of mature osteoblasts and osteocytes; the also favor osteoclastogenesis leading to an increase in bone resorption.


bacillary angiomatosis

description: A condition that is caused by infection with Bartonella, and which is characterized by vascular proliferation, usually in immunocompromised individuals.


name: syndrome caused by partial chromosomal deletion

description: A chromosomal disorder consisting of the absence of a part of a chromosome.


name: syndrome caused by partial chromosomal duplication

description: A chromosomal disorder consisting of the presence of a part of a chromosome in more copies than in a regular genome.


name: epithelial and subepithelial corneal dystrophy


epithelial-stromal TGFBI dystrophy

description: Any corneal dystrophy (disease) in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the TGFBI gene.


corneal endothelial dystrophy

description: A corneal dystrophy (disease) that involves the corneal epithelium.


allergic respiratory disease

description: A respiratory system disease with a basis in a pathological type I hypersensitivity reaction.


autoimmune neuropathy

description: An autoimmune form of peripheral neuropathy.


drug allergy

description: Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.


gastrointestinal allergy

description: A allergic disease that involves the digestive tract.


latex allergy

description: Allergic reaction to products containing processed natural rubber latex such as rubber gloves, condoms, catheters, dental dams, balloons, and sporting equipment. Both T-cell mediated (hypersensitivity, delayed) and IgE antibody-mediated (hypersensitivity, immediate) allergic responses are possible. Delayed hypersensitivity results from exposure to antioxidants present in the rubber; immediate hypersensitivity results from exposure to a latex protein.


purpura fulminans

description: A severe, rapidly fatal reaction occurring most commonly in children following an infectious illness. It is characterized by large, rapidly spreading skin hemorrhages, fever, or shock. Purpura fulminans often accompanies or is triggered by disseminated intravascular coagulation.


name: anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery

description: A congenital coronary vessel anomaly in which the left main coronary artery originates from the pulmonary artery instead of from aorta. The congenital heart defect typically results in coronary artery fistula; left-sided heart failure and mitral valve insufficiency during the first months of life.


vertebral column disorder

description: A disease involving the vertebral column.


cardiac tuberculosis

description: Pathological conditions of the cardiovascular system caused by infection of mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis involvement may include the heart; the blood vessels; or the pericardium.


B-cell adult acute lymphocytic leukemia

description: An acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia occurring in adults.


fetal nicotine spectrum disorder

description: A specific developmental disorder that is characterized by physical, behavioral and learning birth defects resulting from maternal ingestion of nicotine during pregnancy.


abdominal obesity-metabolic syndrome

description: A combination of medical conditions that when present, increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and diabetes mellitus. It includes the following medical conditions: increased blood pressure, central obesity, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance.


anencephaly

description: A rare neural tube defect during pregnancy, resulting in the absence of a large portion of the brain and skull in the fetus.


cerebral cavernous malformation

description: A disorder characterized by malformations in the structure of the capillaries in the brain. It is caused by mutations in the CCM2, KRIT1 and PDCD10 genes. The capillaries fill with blood and stretch, thereby creating cavernous spaces. Some patients experience headaches, seizures, or visual and hearing disturbances. Cerebral hemorrhage may also occur.


salmonellosis

description: Infections with bacteria of the genus salmonella.


thrombotic disease

description: The formation of a blood clot in the lumen of a vessel or heart chamber; causes include coagulation disorders and vascular endothelial injury.


bone remodeling disease

description: A bone disease that results in formation or resorption abnormalities located in bone.


bone resorption disease

description: A disease that has its basis in the disruption of bone resorption. Bone resorption is a process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products.


dysbaric osteonecrosis

description: A form of avascular necrosis where there is death of a portion of the bone that is thought to be caused by nitrogen embolism.


fibrous dysplasia

description: A genetic, non-inheritable disorder caused by osteoblastic differentiation defects that result in the replacement of bone marrow and trabecular bone by fibrous stroma and immature bone. It usually affects a single bone and less frequently multiple bones. Skull, femur, tibia, and humerus are the most frequently affected bones. It manifests with pain, deformities, and fractures.


fibrogenesis imperfecta ossium

description: A syndrome that involves abnormality of collagen synthesis in lamellar bones, with manifestations limited to the skeleton. The initial symptom is frequently spontaneous fractures.


spina bifida occulta

description: The mildest form of spina bifida, characterized by any of several neural tube defects which may go undetected until an x-ray is performed. Treatment is symptomatic.


name: myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia

description: Mitochondrial myopathy and sideroblastic anemia belongs to the heterogeneous family of metabolic myopathies. It is characterized by progressive exercise intolerance manifesting in childhood, onset of sideroblastic anemia around adolescence, lactic acidaemia, and mitochondrial myopathy.


hereditary myoglobinuria

description: The presence of myoglobin in the urine.


childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

description: An acute lymphoblastic leukemia occurring during childhood. The majority of cases are B-acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Approximately 15% of the cases are T-acute lymphoblastic leukemias.


name: T-cell childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia

description: An acute lymphoblastic leukemia of T-cell origin occurring in children.


name: B-cell childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

description: An acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia occurring in children.


lymphoblastic lymphoma

description: A lymphoma composed of immature small to medium-sized precursor lymphoid cells (lymphoblasts). It includes the B- and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.


T-cell childhood lymphoblastic lymphoma

description: A T lymphoblastic lymphoma that occurs during childhood.


adult acute monocytic leukemia

description: A acute monocytic leukemia that occurs in an adult.


cytomegalovirus retinitis

description: Infection of the retina by cytomegalovirus characterized by retinal necrosis, hemorrhage, vessel sheathing, and retinal edema. Cytomegalovirus retinitis is a major opportunistic infection in aids patients and can cause blindness.


cutaneous candidiasis

description: Candidiasis of the skin manifested as eczema-like lesions of the interdigital spaces, perleche, or chronic paronychia. (Dorland, 27th ed)


name: myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms associated with FGFR1 abnormalities


gastrointestinal mucositis

description: Inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the gastrointestinal tract.


haemophilus meningitis

description: Infections of the nervous system caused by bacteria of the genus haemophilus, and marked by prominent inflammation of the meninges. haemophilus influenzae type B is the most common causative organism. The condition primarily affects children under 6 years of age but may occur in adults.


Zika virus congenital syndrome

description: A congenital birth syndrome that arises from materal Zika infection.


name: mixed fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma

description: A fibrolamellar carcinoma that is characterized by the presence of both pure fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma and and conventional hepatocellular carcinoma components.


colon medullary carcinoma

description: A rare, invasive colon adenocarcinoma characterized by the presence of sheets of malignant epithelial cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. It usually has a favorable prognosis.


name: mixed mucinous and nonmucinous bronchioloalveolar adenocarcinoma

description: A rare morphologic variant of bronchiolo-alveolar lung carcinoma characterized by the presence of both mucin and non-mucin producing cells.


description: A bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinoma that is characterized by a tumor cells containing abundant mucin in their cytoplasm and composed of tall columnar cells growing along alveolar walls without stromal invasion.


description: A bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinoma that is characterized by cells with cuboidal or columnar morphology with eosinophilic or clear cytoplasm and shows Clara cell or type 2 pneumocyte differentiation.


malignant hemangioma

description: A malignant form of hemangioma.


name: relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

description: A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma characterized by less than 50 percent decrease in lesion size with induction therapy or the appearance of new lesions or the appearance of new lesions after attainment of complete remission.


name: agenesis of the corpus callosum with peripheral neuropathy

description: Corpus callosum agenesis-neuropathy is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by severe progressive sensorimotor neuropathy beginning in infancy with resulting hypotonia, areflexia, amyotrophy and variable degrees of dysgenesis of the corpus callosum. Additional features include mild-to-severe intellectual and developmental delays, and psychiatric manifestations that include paranoid delusions, depression, hallucinations, and "autistic-like" features. Affected individuals are usually wheelchair restricted in the second decade of life and die in the third decade of life. The disease is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.


myoclonus-dystonia syndrome

description: Myoclonus-dystonia syndrome (MDS) is a rare movement disorder characterized by mild to moderate dystonia along with 'lightning-like' myoclonic jerks.


name: complex cortical dysplasia with other brain malformations


name: arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 13

description: Any arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the CTNNA3 gene.


Bartter disease type 4B

description: A Bartter disease that has material basis in simultaneous mutation in both the CLCNKA and CLCNKB genes.


retinitis pigmentosa 6

description: A retinitis pigmentosa that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region Xp21.3-p21.2.


name: autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss 5

description: An autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness that has material basis in variation in the chromosome region 14q12.


hereditary spherocytosis type 2

description: Any hereditary spherocytosis in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the SPTB gene.


name: cerebral arteriopathy, autosomal dominant, with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, type 1

description: A CADASIL characterized by migraine, strokes, and white matter lesions that has material basis in heterozygous mutation in the NOTCH3 gene on chromosome 19p13.


intestinal infectious disease

description: An infectious disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the intestinal mucosa.


endometritis

description: An acute or chronic, usually bacterial infectious process affecting the endometrium. It may extend to the myometrium and parametrial tissues. Symptoms include lower abdominal pain, vaginal discharge, and vaginal bleeding.


ampulla of vater cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the ampulla of Vater.


duodenum cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the duodenum. Representative examples include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma.


ampulla of vater neoplasm

description: A benign or malignant neoplasm involving the ampulla of Vater.


pelvic inflammatory disease

description: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an acute or chronic inflammation in the pelvic cavity. It is most commonly caused by sexually transmitted diseases, including chlamydia and gonorrhea that have ascended into the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries as a result of intercourse or childbirth, or of surgical procedures, including insertion of IUDs or abortion. PID may be either symptomatic or asymptomatic. It may cause infertility and it may raise the risk of ectopic pregnancy. PID is a disease associated with HIV infection.


interstitial emphysema

description: Pathologic accumulation of air in the interstitium of the lungs, which is caused by the rupture of alveoli and terminal bronchioles, and is most often seen in premature infants that need mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress syndrome.


hyperlucent lung

description: A lung with reduced markings on its chest radiograph and increased areas of transradiancy (hyperlucency). A hyperlucent lung is usually associated with pulmonary emphysema or pneumothorax.


eye accommodation disease

description: Disease that disrupts the process by which the vertebrate eye changes optical power to maintain a clear image or focus on an object as its distance varies.


eyelid melanoma

description: A melanoma that arises from the upper or lower eyelid.


balloon cell malignant melanoma

description: A rare variant of melanoma with a vertical growth phase. It presents as a nodular or polypoid skin lesion. It is characterized by the presence of nodules which contain large melanoma cells with clear, foamy or finely vacuolated cytoplasm. The prognosis is similar to that of other melanomas matched for depth of invasion.


nodular malignant melanoma

description: An aggressive form of melanoma, frequently metastasizing to the lymph nodes. It presents as a papular or nodular raised skin lesion. It comprises approximately 10-15% of melanomas. Morphologically, it often displays an epithelioid appearance.


endometrial disorder

description: A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the endometrium. Representative examples include endometritis, endometrial hyperplasia, and endometrial carcinoma.


subglottis neoplasm

description: A benign or malignant neoplasm that affects the subglottic area of the larynx.


laryngeal leiomyoma

description: A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the larynx. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern.


larynx squamous papilloma

description: A benign exophytic neoplasm that arises from the larynx, usually the true vocal cords. It is related to human papillomavirus infection and may arise as a single or multiple lesions. It is characterized by the presence of a connective tissue core covered by stratified squamous epithelium. Hoarseness is the presenting symptom. Transformation to carcinoma is rare.


syphilitic meningitis

description: An infectious meningitis caused by infection with Treponema.


syphilitic encephalitis

description: An encephalitis caused by infection with Treponema.


gastric leiomyoma

description: A rare benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the wall of the stomach. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern. Unlike gastrointestinal stromal tumors, gastric leiomyomas are by definition negative for CD34 and CD117 (C-KIT).


intracranial abscess

description: An abscess that is located in the intracranial space.


trypanosomiasis

description: Infection with protozoa of the genus trypanosoma.


eyelid degenerative disorder

description: A neurodegenerative disease that involves the eyelid.


corneal disorder

description: A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the cornea. Representative examples include keratitis, bullous keratopathy, and squamous cell carcinoma.


venous insufficiency

description: Impaired venous blood flow or venous return (venous stasis), usually caused by inadequate venous valves. Venous insufficiency often occurs in the legs, and is associated with edema and sometimes with venous stasis ulcers at the ankle.


psychologic vaginismus

description: Involuntary spasm of the outer muscles of the vagina during penetration that results from a psychological cause.


xerophthalmia

description: Dryness of the eye due to inadequate production of tears. Causes include vitamin A deficiency, Sjogren syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and scleroderma.


asthenopia

description: Term generally used to describe complaints related to refractive error, ocular muscle imbalance, including pain or aching around the eyes, burning and itchiness of the eyelids, ocular fatigue, and headaches.


thymus lymphoma

description: A lymphoma that arises from the thymus. Representative examples include mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma.


cancer of long bone of lower limb

description: A cancer that involves the hindlimb long bone.


Meckel diverticulum cancer

description: A cancer involving a Meckel's diverticulum.


ileum cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the ileum


small intestine cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the small intestine.


neuroretinitis

description: Neuroretinitis is an inflammation of the neural retina and optic nerve. Pathology: Direct invasion or autoimmune activation against the optic nerve may cause optic nerve vascular inflammation with secondary inflammation and edema in the nerve fiber layer of the retina.


diabetic peripheral angiopathy

description: Diabetic angiopathy is a form of angiopathy associated with diabetic complications.


endobronchial lipoma

description: A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm located within the lumen of a bronchus. It is predominantly found in males and usually originates within the fatty tissue between bronchial cartilage. May cause irreversible pulmonary damage distally. Two-thirds of the tumors occur on the right side and most are located on the first three subdivisions of the tracheobronchial tree.


spindle cell lipoma

description: A benign circumscribed tumor composed of spindled cells, adipocytes, and collagen bundles. There is no evidence of nuclear hyperchromasia or mitotic activity.


esophageal lipoma

description: A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the esophagus. Clinical presentation includes obstruction, dysphagia, regurgitation, vomiting and reflux. It may be associated with aspiration and consecutive respiratory infections.


skin lipoma

description: A benign or malignant adipose tissue neoplasm of the skin.


liver lipoma

description: A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the liver.


pleomorphic lipoma

description: A benign circumscribed tumor characterized by small spindle cells, rounded hyperchromatic cells and multinucleated giant cells with radially arranged nuclei.


conventional lipoma

description: A benign well-circumscribed tumor, composed of lobules of mature adipocytes, that arises within subcutaneous tissue, deep soft tissues or on the surface of bones.


kidney lipoma

description: A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the kidney. It predominantly affects middle-aged females. It may originate from renal parenchymal fat or fat cells within the renal capsule. Clinical presentation includes hematuria and pain.


pleural lipoma

description: A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the pleural cavity. It may be purely intra-thoracic or extend to the chest wall.


breast lipoma

description: A benign, mesenchymal neoplasm that arises from the breast. It is surrounded by a thin capsule and composed of mature adipose tissue cells. Atypia is absent.


chest wall lipoma

description: A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the chest wall.


gallbladder lipoma

description: A benign adipose tissue neoplasm involving the gallbladder wall.


external ear lipoma

description: A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the external ear.


axillary lipoma

description: A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the axilla.


lipoma of spermatic cord

description: A benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the spermatic cord. This is the most common tumor amongst the benign paratesticular lesions.


paratesticular lipoma

description: A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the paratesticular tissues. It is incidentally discovered and presents as a non-tender scrotal mass. It affects patients over a wide age range.


chondroid lipoma

description: A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm characterized by nests and cord of abundant univacuolated and multivacuolated lipoblasts and mature adipocytes in a prominent myxoid to hyalinized chondroid matrix admix. It predominantly affects females.


extrahepatic bile duct lipoma

description: A rare benign adipose tissue neoplasm of the extrahepatic bile duct.


pinta disease

description: An endemic bacterial infection caused by Treponema carateum. It is manifested with chronic cutaneous lesions. The early lesions consist of papules and erythematous plaques. The late lesions consist of hypochromic, achromic, hyperpigmented and atrophic lesions. The late skin lesions may cause destruction of bones and cartilage and produce disfiguring changes.


aortic atherosclerosis

description: A atherosclerosis that involves the aorta.


Histoplasma pericarditis

description: An pericarditis (disease) caused by infection with Histoplasma.


exhibitionism

description: A disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving the exposure of one's genitals to an unsuspecting stranger.


thalassemia

description: An inherited blood disorder characterized by a decreased synthesis of one of the polypeptide chains that form hemoglobin. Anemia results from this abnormal hemoglobin formation.


pleurisy

description: Inflammation of the pleura. It is usually caused by infections. Chest pain while breathing or coughing is the presenting symptom.


cholesterolosis of gallbladder

description: A disorder characterized by a change in the gallbladder wall due to excess cholesterol.


discharging ear

description: Discharge or drainage of fluid from the ear.


mumps infectious disease

description: A contagious viral infection caused by the mumps virus. Symptoms include swollen and tender parotid glands, fever, muscle aches and fatigue. Due to vaccination programs, mumps has become a rare disease.


name: acute subendocardial myocardial infarction

description: Acute form of subendocardial myocardial infarction.


heart conduction disease

description: A disease that has its basis in the disruption of the heart's electrical conduction system.


prostate squamous cell carcinoma

description: An invasive prostate carcinoma characterized by the presence of squamous differentiation of the malignant cellular infiltrate. There is no evidence of glandular differentiation.


malignant prostate phyllodes tumor

description: An unusual malignant tumor that arises from the prostate gland. It is characterized by the presence of glandular elements and a cellular stroma that exhibits mitotic activity and nuclear atypia.


familial periodic paralysis

description: A group of genetic neurological disorders caused by mutations in genes involved in the sodium and calcium channels in nerve cells. It is characterized by episodes of muscle paralysis in which the affected muscles become flaccid and the deep tendon reflexes disappear. Between the episodes the affected muscles usually work normally.


prostate lymphoma

description: A rare non-Hodgkin or Hodgkin lymphoma that arises from the prostate gland.


monocular esotropia

description: A form of ocular misalignment characterized by an excessive convergence of the visual axes, resulting in a 'cross-eye' appearance. An example of this condition occurs when paralysis of the lateral rectus muscle causes an abnormal inward deviation of one eye on attempted gaze.


mixed mineral dust pneumoconiosis

description: Pneumoconiosis caused by the inhalation of mixed mineral dust particles.


baritosis

description: A rare type of pneumoconiosis caused by long standing exposure to barium dust. It is characterized by the formation of fine dense lesions in the lung parenchyma. The lesions do not affect the lung function and disappear without treatment after the exposure to barium dust stops.


pneumoconiosis due to talc

description: Pneumoconiosis caused by exposure to talc. It is characterized by fibrosis and granulomatous changes in the lung parenchyma. Chest x-rays reveal diffuse lung opacities and pleural abnormalities.


slate pneumoconiosis

description: Pneumoconiosis caused by exposure to slate dust.


kaolin pneumoconiosis

description: Pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of kaolin dust.


chronic meningitis

description: Chronic form of meningitis (disease).


blepharophimosis

description: The abnormal narrowness of the palpebral fissure in the horizontal direction caused by the lateral displacement of the medial canthi of the eyelids. (Dorland, 27th ed)


solitary cyst of breast

description: A single, fluid-filled cyst in the breast parenchyma.


breast cyst

description: A cystic lesion located in breast tissue.


chronic leukemia

description: A slowly progressing leukemia characterized by a clonal (malignant) proliferation of maturing and mature myeloid cells or mature lymphocytes. When the clonal cellular population is composed of myeloid cells, the process is called chronic myelogenous leukemia. When the clonal cellular population is composed of lymphocytes, it is classified as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, or T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia.


eosinophilic meningitis

description: Meningitis in which eosinophils predominate in the cerebrospinal fluid.


epididymis cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the epididymis. Representative examples include primary epididymal adenocarcinoma and metastatic carcinoma to the epididymis arising from another anatomic site.


epididymal adenocarcinoma

description: A rare adenocarcinoma that arises from the epididymis. It usually presents as a scrotal mass and may be associated with testicular pain.


suppression amblyopia

description: A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision. Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia and toxic amblyopia. Stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia is a developmental disorder of the visual cortex. A discrepancy between visual information received by the visual cortex from each eye results in abnormal cortical development. strabismus and refractive errors may cause this condition. Toxic amblyopia is a disorder of the optic nerve which is associated with alcoholism, tobacco smoking, and other toxins and as an adverse effect of the use of some medications.


amblyopia

description: Decreased vision that results from abnormal visual development.


prolymphocytic leukemia

description: A mature B- or T- cell leukemia with progressive clinical course. It is characterized by the presence of medium-sized lymphocytes with visible nucleoli (prolymphocytes) in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and spleen.


pneumonic plague

description: A plague in which the bacteria have infected the lungs.


seminal vesicle chronic gonorrhea

description: Chronic form of gonococcal seminal vesiculitis.


gonococcal seminal vesiculitis

description: A gonorrhea that involves the seminal vesicle.


acute pericementitis

description: An acute inflammatory process that affects the tissues that surround and support the teeth.


Klippel-Feil syndrome

description: A congenital, musculoskeletal condition characterized by the fusion of at least two vertebrae of the neck. Common symptoms include a short neck, low hairline at the back of the head, and restricted mobility of the upper spine. This syndrome can cause chronic headaches as well as pain in both the neck and the back.Other features may involve various other body parts or systems. Sometimes, KFS occurs as a feature of another disorder or syndrome, such as Wildervanck syndrome or hemifacial microsomia. In these cases, people have the features of both KFS and the additional disorder. KFS may be caused by mutations in the GDF6 or GDF3 gene and inherited in an autosomal dominant manner; or, it may be caused by mutations in the MEOX1 gene and inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment is symptomatic and may include medications, surgery, and/or physical therapy.


purulent acute otitis media

description: Acute form of suppurative otitis media.


hypopyon

description: An accumulation of pus in the anterior chamber of the eye.


tonsillitis

description: Inflammation of the tonsillar tissue.


nasopharyngitis

description: An inflammatory process that affects the nasopharynx.


dentin caries

description: A dental caries that involves the dentine.


patellar tendinitis

description: A tendinitis that involves the patella.


esophageal atresia

description: A congenital abnormality of the esophagus in which the upper esophagus ends as a blind pouch and does not connect with the lower esophagus; it is often accompanied by a tracheoesophageal fistula. Signs and symptoms in a newborn with this abnormality include excessive salivation, choking, coughing, and the development of cyanosis and respiratory distress when fed.


intestinal atresia

description: A congenital malformation characterized by the absence of a normal opening in a part of the intestine. It can occur either in the small or the large intestine.


imperforate anus

description: A congenital birth defect characterized by the absence of a normal anal opening. It may be associated with other congenital abnormalities.


orbital granuloma

description: A granuloma located on the orbit of the eye.


Dressler syndrome

description: A pericarditis characterized by inflammation, occurring after injury, located in pericardium.


malignant otitis externa

description: An otitis externa which involves infection of the external ear that has spread to involve the skull bone containing part of the ear canal, the middle ear, and the inner ear. It is caused by the bacteria Pseudomonas. This is common in people with weakened immune systems and in older people with diabetes.


acute otitis externa

description: Acute form of otitis externa.


chronic fungal otitis externa

description: Chronic form of otomycosis.


acute infection of pinna

description: An otitis externa which involves bacterial infections often related to underlying comorbidities as well as trauma. Common sources of trauma include ear piercing, boxing, blunt trauma, burns, bite wounds and iatrogenic insults. The common bacterial pathogens are staphylococcal and streptococcal species.


gastric cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the stomach.


malignant gastric granular cell tumor

description: A metastasizing granular cell tumor that arises from the stomach.


gastric lymphoma

description: An extranodal lymphoma that arises from the stomach with the bulk of the mass located in the stomach. The vast majority of cases are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas and B-cell lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.


microinvasive gastric cancer

description: An invasive adenocarcinoma confined to the mucosa or mucosa and submucosa of the gastric wall. The regional lymph nodes may or may not be involved. It usually occurs in the lesser curvature. The 5-year survival rate following resection is between 80 percent and 95 percent, and remains high even when lymph node metastases are present.


pylorus cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the pylorus.


pyloric antrum cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the pyloric antrum.


cardia cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the cardia of stomach.


acute eustachian salpingitis

description: Acute form of otosalpingitis.


supine hypotensive syndrome

description: A vascular disease that is characterized by severe supine hypotension in late pregnancy, whose clinical presentation ranges from minimal cardiovascular alterations to severe shock, resulting from inferior vena cava compression by gravid uterus.


late yaws

description: Late yaws is the tertiary, non-contagious stage of yaws, endemic tropical treponemal nonvenereal infection. Late yaws is characterized by destructive and deforming lesions of the skin, bones, and joints.


early yaws

description: Early yaws includes primary and secondary stages of yaws, endemic tropical treponemal nonvenereal infection: development of initial lesion at inoculation site followed by widespread dissemination of treponemes and generalized secondary granulomatous lesions that may relapse repeatedly.


osteomalacia

description: A metabolic bone disease that results from either a deficiency in vitamin D, or an abnormality in the metabolism of vitamin D, or a deficiency of calcium in the diet. The most common symptoms are bone pain and muscle weakness. When it occurs in children it is commonly referred to as rickets. (Diagnostic Surgical Pathology, 3rd ed.) --2003


intellectual disability

description: A broad category of disorders characterized by an impairment to the intelligence an individual possesses. These impairments can result from trauma, birth, or disease and are not restricted to any particular age group.


mild pre-eclampsia

description: A pre-eclampsia characterized by the presence of hypertension without evidence of end-organ damage, in a woman who was normotensive before 20 weeks' gestation.


chronic tic disorder

description: A neurological disorder presenting in childhood that is characterized by either motor or phonic tics, but not both, that occur daily or nearly daily for at least a year and are not attributed to an identifiable cause.


steatorrhea

description: A finding of an excessive amount of fat in the stool.


glucose intolerance

description: The inability to regulate blood glucose levels resulting in hyperglycemia.


tropical sprue

description: A rare disorder of the digestive tract characterized by malabsorption and anemia. It is likely caused by infection leading to small intestinal mucosal injury, bacterial overgrowth and inflammatory changes. It is most prevalent in residents and visitors to tropical and subtropical climates. Clinical signs include anorexia, abdominal bloating, diarrhea and weight loss. Clinical course may progress to deficiencies of folate, vitamin B12 and iron. Prognosis is favorable with nutrient replacement and antibiotic therapy, however relapses are common.


acute gonococcal cervicitis

description: Acute form of gonococcal cervicitis.


acute cervicitis

description: Acute inflammation of the cervix. Clinical manifestations include mucopurulent vaginal discharge and burning sensation.


lymph node cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant tumor involving the lymph node. Lymphomas and metastatic carcinomas are representative examples. -- 2004


Fanconi renotubular syndrome

description: A genetic or acquired disorder characterized by impairment of the function of the proximal tubules of the kidney. It results in decreased reabsorption of electrolytes, glucose, amino acids, and other nutrients.


interstitial nephritis

description: Inflammation of the renal tubules and supporting tissues of the kidney.


schizotypal personality disorder

description: A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of inability to establish close relationships coupled with cognitive or perceptual distortions, odd beliefs and speech, and eccentric behavior and appearance.


name: acute inferolateral myocardial infarction


name: acute anterolateral myocardial infarction

description: Acute form of anterolateral myocardial infarction.


lipoma of colon

description: A benign adipose tissue neoplasm originating in the colon. It is the second most common benign lesion of the colon after benign adenomatous polyps. Older patients are more likely to be affected, and most lesions are located at the right side of large bowel. Colon lipomas may lead to intestinal obstruction.


colon leiomyoma

description: A well-circumscribed benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the colon. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern.


colonic lymphangioma

description: A lymphangioma arising from the colon.


mediastinum neuroblastoma

description: A neuroblastoma arising from the mediastinum.


mediastinum ganglioneuroblastoma

description: A ganglioneuroblastoma arising from the mediastinum.


separation anxiety disorder

description: An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent excessive distress due to fear of separation from the home or from major attachment figures; the distress is developmentally inappropriate and causes impairment in social, academic, or other areas of functioning.


lactocele

description: Single or multiple, milk-containing nodules in the breast. It is caused by obstruction of the breast ducts during lactation. Needle aspiration of the milk is the treatment of choice.


hypertrophy of breast

description: Excessive enlargement of one or both breasts. Causes include pregnancy, obesity, and penicillamine therapy. It may result in neck, back, and shoulder pain.


fat necrosis of breast

description: Localized necrosis of the adipose tissue in the breast. Clinically, it may present as a mass. Causes include injury, surgical procedures, and radiation treatment.


giardiasis

description: An infection of the small intestine caused by the flagellated protozoan giardia lamblia. It is spread via contaminated food and water and by direct person-to-person contact.


renal hypertension

description: Hypertension caused by the kidney's hormonal response to narrowing or occlusion of the renal arteries.


kidney failure

description: An acute or chronic condition that is characterized by the inability of the kidneys to adequately filter the blood.


broad ligament malignant neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the broad ligament of uterus.


petrositis

description: Inflammation of petrous bone.


chronic pyelonephritis

description: Persistent pyelonephritis.


bubonic plague

description: A plague in which the bacteria have infected the lymphatic system.


bacterial myocarditis

description: Myocarditis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent.


familial polycythemia

description: Polycythemia that occurs in groups of related individuals.


mesenteric lymphadenitis

description: Inflammation of the mesenteric lymph nodes.


methemoglobinemia

description: An inherited or acquired condition characterized by abnormally increased levels of methemoglobin in the blood.


Queensland tick typhus

description: A spotted fever that has material basis in Rickettsia australis, which is transmitted by ticks (Ixodes holocyclus). The infection has symptom fever, has symptom headache, has symptom myalgia, has symptom maculopapular rash, and has symptom lymphadenopathy.


premature menopause

description: Cessation of menstruation before the age of 40. Symptoms include hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, and decreased sex drive.


chronic frontal sinusitis

description: Inflammation of the frontal sinus that typically lasts beyond eight weeks. It is caused by infections, allergies, and the presence of sinus polyps or a deviated septum. Signs and symptoms include headache, nasal discharge, swelling in the face, dizziness, and breathing difficulties.


frontal sinusitis

description: An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the mucous membrane of the frontal sinus.


chronic maxillary sinusitis

description: Inflammation of the maxillary sinus that typically lasts beyond eight weeks. It is caused by infections, allergies, and the presence of sinus polyps or a deviated septum. Signs and symptoms include headache, nasal discharge, swelling in the face, dizziness, and breathing difficulties.


chronic sphenoidal sinusitis

description: Inflammation of the sphenoid sinus that typically lasts beyond eight weeks. It is caused by infections, allergies, and the presence of sinus polyps or a deviated septum. Signs and symptoms include headache, nasal discharge, swelling in the face, dizziness, and breathing difficulties.


acute gonococcal epididymo-orchitis

description: Acute form of gonococcal epididymo-orchitis.


gastric ulcer

description: An ulcerated lesion in the mucosal surface of the stomach. It may progress to involve the deeper layers of the gastric wall.


tibialis tendinitis

description: A tendinitis that involves the tibialis.


nasal cavity cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the nasal cavity


nasal cavity olfactory neuroblastoma

description: An olfactory neuroblastoma arising in the nasal cavity.


nasal cavity lymphoma

description: A primary lymphoma that affects the nasal cavity and the bulk of the tumor is in this anatomic area.


sexual sadism disorder

description: A disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving acts (real, not simulated) in which the psychological or physical suffering of a victim is sexually exciting to the individual.


malignant essential hypertension

description: Essential hypertension with rapid progression to severe high blood pressure, papilledema, and renal failure.


essential hypertension

description: Hypertension that presents without an identifiable cause.


voyeurism

description: A disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving observing an unsuspecting person who is naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity.


Murray valley encephalitis

description: An disease caused by infection with Murray Valley encephalitis virus.


angiodysplasia of intestine

description: A angiodysplasia that involves the intestine.


sexual masochism disorder

description: A disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving the act (real, not simulated) of being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer.


middle ear cholesterol granuloma

description: As accumulation of granulation tissue in the middle ear that results from the degeneration of blood and a chronic inflammatory response.


salivary gland disorder

description: A disease involving the saliva-secreting gland.


paralytic strabismus

description: An ocular deviation caused by a palsy to one or more of the extraocular muscles or nerves supplying them.


fourth cranial nerve palsy

description: A cranial nerve palsy that involves the trochlear nerve.


meningocele

description: A congenital abnormality in which the meninges protrude through a defect in the spinal column or the cranium.


iliac vein thrombophlebitis

description: A thrombophlebitis that involves the iliac vein.


microcephaly

description: A congenital or acquired developmental disorder in which the circumference of the head is smaller than normal for the person's age and sex.


hydrocephalus

description: A disorder characterized by an abnormal increase of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain.


benign essential hypertension

description: A condition of mild to moderate high blood pressure that has no identifiable cause.


amnestic disorder

description: Systematic and extensive loss of memory caused by organic or psychological factors. The loss may be temporary or permanent, and may involve old or recent memories.


Siberian tick typhus

description: A spotted fever that has material basis in Rickettsia sibirica, which is transmitted by ticks (Dermacentor nuttalli, Dermacentor marginatus and Haemaphysalis concinna). The infection has symptom fever, has symptom eschar, has symptom regional adenopathy, and has symptom maculopapular rash.


gastrojejunal ulcer

description: Evidence of an acute gastrojejunal ulcer with hemorrhage.


borderline personality disorder

description: A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of unstable self-image and mood together with volatile interpersonal relationships, self-damaging impulsivity, recurrent suicidal threats or gestures and/or self-mutilating behavior.


dependent personality disorder

description: A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of an extreme need to be taken care of together with fear of separation that lead the individual to urgently seek out and submit to another person and allow that person to make decisions that impact all areas of the individual's life.


description: A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of inflexibility, extreme orderliness, and perfectionism which interfere with efficiency and which may manifest in many different contexts, including work and leisure activities, financial matters, and issues of morality or ethics.


multiple personality disorder

description: A disorder characterized by the presence of two or more identities with distinct patterns of perception and personality which recurrently take control of the person's behavior; this is accompanied by a retrospective gap in memory of important personal information that far exceeds ordinary forgetfulness. The changes in identity are not due to substance use or to a general medical condition.


dissociative disorder

description: A category of psychiatric disorders which are characterized by a disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, and/or perception of the environment.


schizoid personality disorder

description: A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of extreme social detachment and lack of involvement in interpersonal activities, coupled with emotional coldness.


impulse control disorder

description: A category of behaviors that can be loosely defined as the failure to resist an impulsive act or behavior that may be harmful to self or others.


paranoid personality disorder

description: A disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of behavior based on the pervasive belief that the motives of others are malevolent and that they should not be trusted.


antisocial personality disorder

description: A disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others that is manifested in childhood or early adolescence. (adapted from DSM-IV)


tongue disorder

description: A disease involving the tongue.


nephritis

description: Inflammation of renal tissue.


spastic diplegia

description: A type of cerebral palsy characterized by spasticity and hypertonia of the lower extremities bilaterally, particularly the legs, hips, and pelvis; this is the most common (70%) form of cerebral palsy.


spastic hemiplegia

description: A type of spastic cerebral palsy characterized by increased muscle tone of the arm and leg on the same side of the body.


spastic monoplegia

description: A spastic cerebral palsy that affects only one limb.


hemiplegia

description: Severe or complete loss of motor function on one side of the body. This condition is usually caused by brain diseases that are localized to the cerebral hemisphere opposite to the side of weakness. Less frequently, brain stem lesions; cervical spinal cord diseases; peripheral nervous system diseases; and other conditions may manifest as hemiplegia. The term hemiparesis (see paresis) refers to mild to moderate weakness involving one side of the body.


acute salpingo-oophoritis

description: Acute form of salpingo-oophoritis.


salpingo-oophoritis

description: Inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries.


acute salpingitis

description: Acute inflammation of the fallopian tube. It is most often caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections. The infections usually originate in the vagina and ascend to the fallopian tube. Symptoms include abdominal, pelvic, and lower back pain, pain during ovulation and sexual intercourse, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Complications include infertility and ectopic pregnancy.


conjunctival vascular disorder

description: A disorder of the vasculature of the cornea.


immature cataract

description: A cataract disease in which the cataract contains some transparent protein


lens disorder

description: A disease involving the lens of camera-type eye.


anorectal stricture

description: Narrowing of the anorectum associated with inflammation or scar tissue.


pinguecula

description: A yellowish thickened lesion on the conjunctiva near the cornea representing a benign degenerative change in the conjunctiva caused by the leakage and deposition of certain blood proteins through the permeable capillaries near the limbus.


bullous keratopathy

description: Keratopathy that is characterized by the presence of epithelial bullae.


name: chronic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

description: Chronic form of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.


dissociative amnesia

description: A disorder characterized by a retrospective gap in memory of important personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature; the memory loss far exceeds ordinary forgetfulness and is not the result of substance use or the consequence of a medical condition.


depersonalization disorder

description: A disorder characterized by persistent or recurrent episodes of feeling detached from one's self (either one's body or one's mental processes), although the sufferer remains aware that this is only a feeling and does not represent reality.


urinary bladder cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the bladder.


esophagus lymphoma

description: An extranodal lymphoma that arises from the esophagus with the bulk of the mass located in the esophagus. Dysphagia may be the presenting symptom. The vast majority of cases are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas and B-cell lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.


Brucella suis brucellosis

description: An disease or disorder caused by infection with Brucella suis.


hirudiniasis

description: An disease or disorder caused by infection with Hirudinea.


esophageal melanoma

description: A melanoma affecting the esophageal wall. Melanoma in the esophagus is more commonly metastatic than primary. Primary melanomas of the esophagus are polypoid and clinically aggressive. (WHO, 2000)


spotted fever

description: A type of tick-borne disease which presents on the skin caused by bacteria of the genus Rickettsia.


psychologic dyspareunia

description: Painful or difficult coitus.


qualitative platelet defect

description: A group of conditions characterized by impaired platelet function, which may be suggested by clinical evidence of bleeding in the setting of a normal platelet count.


acquired thrombocytopenia

description: An instance of thrombocytopenia that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual.


dislocation of ear ossicle

description: Ossicular chain dislocation is a separation of the middle ear bones. It results in a hearing loss due to sound not being transmitted properly (conductive hearing loss). Ossicular chain dislocation is also called ossicular chain discontinuity.


secondary hypertension

description: High blood pressure caused by an underlying medical condition.


esophagus sarcoma

description: A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the esophagus. Representative examples include Kaposi sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and synovial sarcoma.


acute respiratory failure

description: Life-threatening respiratory failure that develops rapidly. Causes include injury, sepsis, drug overdose, and pancreatitis. It manifests with dyspnea and cyanosis and may lead to cardiovascular shock.


common wart

description: A wart caused by human papillomavirus. It can appear anywhere on the skin.


enophthalmos

description: Abnormal recession of the eyeball within the eye socket.


non-suppurative otitis media

description: A otitis media which involves transudation of fluid in the middle ear without pus formation.


serous glue ear

description: Chronic form of serous otitis media.


acute conjunctivitis

description: Acute inflammation of the conjunctiva.


allescheriosis

description: A primary systemic mycosis that results in systemic fungal infection, has material basis in Pseudallescheria boydii, which results in formation of abscesses.


pulp degeneration

description: Deterioration of the normal pulp tissue.


pseudomembranous conjunctivitis

description: Conjunctivitis that is characterized by formation of a pseudomembrane.


acute laryngopharyngitis

description: An upper respiratory tract disease which involves inflammation of both larynx and pharynx.


hypoparathyroidism

description: Hypoparathyroidism is an endocrine disorder in which the parathyroid glands in the neck do not produce enough parathyroid hormone (PTH). Common signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, brittle nails, cataracts, dry hair and skin, muscle cramps, tetany, pain in the face, legs, and feet, seizures, tingling sensation, and weakened tooth enamel (in children). It may be caused by injury to the parathyroid glands (e.g., during surgery). Other causes, include low blood magnesium levels, a side effect of radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism, metabolic alkalosis, DiGeorge syndrome, and type I polyglandular autoimmune syndrome. The goal of treatment is to restore the calcium and mineral balance in the body.


esophageal varices

description: Abnormally dilated veins of the esophagus.


congenital T-cell immunodeficiency

description: A broad classification of inherited disorders presenting at birth that affect the cell-mediated aspect of the immune response. Circulating numbers of T lymphocytes are decreased or ineffective.


parathyroid gland disorder

description: A disease involving the parathyroid gland.


Angelucci syndrome

description: Atopic conjunctivitis that is of relatively short duration and that has a rapid onset.


opioid abuse

description: A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of opioid drugs despite negative consequences.


acute contagious conjunctivitis

description: Acute inflammation of the conjunctiva characterized by pink or red color in the eyes.


chronic tympanitis

description: Chronic form of tympanitis.


small intestine diverticulitis

description: A diverticulitis that involves the small intestine.


adhesive otitis media

description: An auditory system disease that is characterized by a thin retracted ear drum becomes sucked into the middle-ear space and stuck (i.e., adherent) to the ossicles and other bones of the middle ear.


appendix cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the vermiform appendix


appendiceal neoplasm

description: A benign or malignant neoplasm involving the appendix.


appendix lymphoma

description: A lymphoma arising from the appendix. The majority of lymphomas affecting the appendix represent disease extension from the intestinal wall; primary lymphomas of the appendix are rare.


polycythemia neonatorum

description: A condition in which the red blood cell level is greater than established reference ranges in a newborn.


anemia of prematurity

description: A blood disorder characterized by low hemoglobin levels in premature neonates that usually spontaneously resolves within 3-6 months post birth. A combination of factors including the transition from the liver to the bone marrow for erythropoiesis in a neonate, blood loss experienced during delivery, the shortened life span of fetal blood cells, and an acclimation to a relatively hyperoxic environment outside the womb can predispose a neonate to this condition.


neonatal anemia

description: The mildest form of erythroblastosis fetalis in which anemia is the chief manifestation.


name: disseminated intravascular coagulation in newborn

description: A clotting condition characterized as a disruption in the homeostatic balance of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems presenting as a pathological activation of coagulation mechanisms leading to the formation of small clots inside the blood vessels throughout the body of the newborn.


disseminated intravascular coagulation

description: A pathological process where the blood starts to coagulate throughout the whole body. This depletes the body of its platelets and coagulation factors, and there is an increased risk of hemorrhage.


name: vitamin K deficiency hemorrhagic disease

description: Deficiency of vitamin K. It may lead to bleeding, manifested with ecchymoses, petechiae, and hematomas. In infants it may cause hemorrhagic disease of newborn with intracranial and retroperitoneal bleeding.


microcytic anemia

description: Anemia in which the red blood cell volume is decreased.


typhus

description: A group of infectious diseases that include epidemic typhus, scrub typhus and murine typhus.


social phobia

description: An anxiety disorder characterized by an intense, irrational fear of one or more social or performance situations in which the individual believes that he or she will be scrutinized by others. Exposure to social situations immediately provokes an anxiety response. In adults, the social phobia is recognized as excessive or unreasonable.


trachoma

description: A chronic infection of the conjunctiva and cornea caused by chlamydia trachomatis.


keratomalacia

description: An eye disorder that results from vitamin A deficiency, with basis in disruption of maintenance of the specialized epithelial surfaces, leading to atrophic changes in the normal mucosal surface, with loss of goblet cells, and replacement of the normal epithelium by an inappropriate keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. In addition, the substantia propria of the cornea breaks down and liquefies, resulting in keratomalacia.


chronic apical periodontitis

description: Chronic form of periapical periodontitis.


Plummer disease

description: Nodular enlargement of the thyroid gland associated with hyperthyroidism.


ventilation pneumonitis

description: An extrinsic allergic alveolitis caused by inhalation of antigens from thermophilic actinomycetes species growing in air conditioners and humidifiers. Fungi like Aureobasidium sp and Candida albicans that survive in the contaminated water in humidifiers and air conditioners are also known to cause the disease.


arteriovenous hemangioma/malformation

description: A benign vascular lesion characterized by the presence of a complex network of communicating arterial and venous vascular structures.


retinal microaneurysm

description: An aneurysm that is located within the system of small blood vessels, including capillaries, venules, and arterioles, that perfuse the body's tissues.


pituitary gland infarction

description: Ischemic necrosis of the pituitary gland.


cercarial dermatitis

description: An unusual presentation of schistosomiasis characterized by a pruritic papular rash in the perigenital or periumbilical area due to an allergic reaction to schistosoma eggs deposited in the skin.


Mobitz type II atrioventricular block

description: A disorder characterized by an electrocardiographic finding of intermittent failure of atrial electrical impulse conduction to the ventricles, characterized by a relatively constant PR interval prior to the block of an atrial impulse. (CDISC)


African histoplasmosis

description: An disease or disorder caused by infection with Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii.


histoplasmosis retinitis

description: An retinitis caused by infection with Histoplasma capsulatum.


schizophreniform disorder

description: A disorder that differs from schizophrenia specifically in total duration (schizophreniform disorder lasts at least 1 month but less than 6 months whereas schizophrenia lasts at least 6 months); schizophreniform disorder also typically causes less impairment in the individual's social and occupational functioning.


erysipelas

description: An infection of the upper layers of the skin caused by species of streptococcus. Erysipelas results in a fiery red rash with raised edges that can easily be distinguished from the skin around it. The affected skin may be warm to the touch.


gingival recession

description: A loss of gum tissue resulting in an exposure of the roots of the teeth.


scleral disorder

description: A disorder affecting the sclera. Examples include inflammatory processes (e.g., scleritis and episcleritis), and degenerative processes. Primary tumors of the sclera are extremely rare.


lens subluxation

description: A partial dislocation of the lens of the eye.


megacolon

description: An abnormal dilation of the colon not due to obstruction.


spinal meningioma

description: Spinal meningioma isa rare type of spinal cord cancer. The spinal cord is part of the central nervous system. This tumor often affects middle-aged women. Tumors of the spinal cord can be either primary or arise from other primary tumors (metastatic), and are typically slow growing. The initial signs and symptoms include headacheand recent onset of seizures. Other features are motor deficits, sensory deficits, pain, and sphincter dysfunction. The thoracic spine (middle back) is the most common site, followed by the cervical spine (neck). These tumors are rarely seen in the lumbar region (lower back). T he only proven risk factor in the development of meningioma is exposure to ionizing radiation. Also, patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 are at increased risk of developing meningioma. Surgery is the treatment of choice and complete tumor removal is reached in the vast majority of patients. The prognosis after surgical resection is excellent.


expressive language disorder

description: A disorder characterized by an impairment in the development of an individual's expressive language which is in contrast to his/her nonverbal intellect and receptive language development. The impairment may be acquired (i.e., due to a brain lesion or head trauma) or developmental (i.e., no known neurological insult).


cerebral arteritis

description: An inflammatory disease involving a pathogenic inflammatory response in the cerebral artery.


intraspinal meningioma

description: A meningioma that arises from the spinal meninges.


choroiditis

description: An inflammatory process that affects the choroid.


alternating exotropia

description: A form of ocular misalignment where the visual axes diverge inappropriately. For example, medial rectus muscle weakness may produce this condition as the affected eye will deviate laterally upon attempted forward gaze. An exotropia occurs due to the relatively unopposed force exerted on the eye by the lateral rectus muscle, which pulls the eye in an outward direction.


fallopian tube endometriosis

description: Endometriosis that affects the fallopian tube. Symptoms include infertility, pelvic pain, painful menstruation, and painful intercourse.


endosalpingiosis

description: A benign pathologic process characterized by the transformation of the mesothelium into fallopian tube epithelium. It occurs in the peritoneum and may affect the serosa surface of the uterus and the adnexa. It may be asymptomatic or present as pelvic pain.


endometriosis of intestine

description: Endometriosis that affects the intesines.


exotropia

description: A form of strabismus in which the eyes are deviated laterally.


name: endometriosis of rectovaginal septum and vagina

description: Endometriosis that affects the vagina. It is characterized by the presence of endometrial stroma with or without endometrial-type glands in the vagina.


allergic cutaneous vasculitis

description: Inflammation of the small vessels of the skin that is mediated by the immune system.


autonomic nervous system disorder

description: A disease involving the autonomic nervous system.


subglottis cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm that affects the subglottic area of the larynx. The vast majority of cases are squamous cell carcinomas.


Horner syndrome

description: Horner's syndrome is a rare condition characterized by miosis (constriction of thepupil), ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid), and anhidrosis (absence of sweating of the face). It iscaused by damage to the sympathetic nerves of the face. The underlying causes of Horner's syndrome vary greatly and may include a tumor, stroke, or other damage to a part of the brain called the brain stem ; injury to the carotid artery ;and trauma to the brachial plexus. In rare cases, Horner's syndrome is congenital (present from birth) and associated with a lack of pigmentation of the iris (colored part of the eye). Treatment of Horner's syndrome depends on the underlying cause.


name: idiopathic peripheral autonomic neuropathy


acquired night blindness

description: An instance of night blindness that is acquired during the lifetime of the individual.


cardiac tamponade

description: Acute compression of the heart caused by increased intrapericardial pressure due to the collection of blood or fluid in the pericardium from rupture of the heart, penetrating trauma, or progressive effusion.


congenital mitral valve insufficiency

description: Dysfunction of the mitral valve characterized by incomplete valve closure.


diabetic autonomic neuropathy

description: Autonomic neuropathy that is caused by diabetes mellitus.


autonomic neuropathy

description: An inherited or acquired peripheral neuropathy affecting the autonomic nervous system. It results in disruption of the involuntary body functions. Inherited causes include Fabry disease and porphyrias. Acquired causes include diabetes, uremia, hepatic disorders, vitamin deficiencies, toxins, and drug toxicities.


rumination disorder

description: Rumination disorder is the backward flow of recently eaten food from the stomach to the mouth. The food is then re-chewed and swallowed or spat out. A non-purposeful contraction of stomach muscles is involved in rumination. It may be initially triggered by a viral illness, emotional distress, or physical injury. In many cases, no underlying trigger is identified. Behavioral therapy is the mainstay of treatment.


hypertensive heart disease

description: Abnormal enlargement of the heart resulting from long-standing hypertension.


abnormal pupillary function

description: A functional abnormality of the pupil.


laryngostenosis

description: Narrowing of the laryngeal airway.


corneal abscess

description: An abscess of the cornea.


oculomotor nerve paralysis

description: Paralysis of the oculomotor nerve.


acute serous otitis media

description: A acute transudative otitis media with thin, watery and sterile effusion.


acute allergic serous otitis media

description: A acute serous otitis media caused by an allergen.


chondrocalcinosis

description: An acute episode of pain, swelling, and redness, sometimes associated with fever. It is caused by the deposition of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in the joints.


neurocirculatory asthenia

description: A clinical syndrome characterized by palpitation, shortness of breath, labored breathing, subjective complaints of effort and discomfort, all following slight physical exertion. Other symptoms may be dizziness, tremulousness, sweating, and insomnia. Neurocirculatory asthenia is most typically seen as a form of anxiety disorder.


streptococcal meningitis

description: An infectious meningitis caused by infection with Streptococcus.


bladder lateral wall cancer

description: The aspect of the bladder wall that is located on the side.


pericardium cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the pericardium.


infant gynecomastia

description: Transient bilateral swelling of breast tissue in a neonate that results from the waning influence of maternal estrogen.


penile cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the penis. Representative examples include penile carcinoma and penile sarcoma.


dental pulp necrosis

description: Death of pulp tissue with or without bacterial invasion. When the necrosis is due to ischemia with superimposed bacterial infection, it is referred to as pulp gangrene. When the necrosis is non-bacterial in origin, it is called pulp mummification.


thyroid hormone resistance syndrome

description: An inherited autosomal recessive trait, characterized by peripheral resistance to thyroid hormones and the resulting elevation in serum levels of thyroxine and triiodothyronine.


presbyopia

description: The normal decreasing elasticity of the crystalline lens that leads to loss of accommodation.


palindromic rheumatism

description: A syndrome that involves sudden and rapidly developing attacks of arthritis with a remission period that results in no joint damage or symptoms.


hypertrichosis of eyelid

description: A hypertrichosis (disease) that involves the eyelid.


hypotrichosis of eyelid

description: A hypotrichosis that involves the eyelid.


familial hyperlipidemia

description: An instance of hyperlipidemia (disease) that is caused by an inherited modification of the individual's genome.


portal vein thrombosis

description: The formation of a blood clot (thrombus) in the portal vein.


heart cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the heart


selective IgA deficiency disease

description: A dysgammaglobulinemia characterized by low or undetectable serum levels of immunoglobulin class A (IgA). It is the most common primary antibody deficiency. It may be inherited or the reversible sequela of infection or certain drugs. It may be caused by decreased or inefficient class-switching from progenitor B cells without any corresponding decreases in the other isotypes. Though affected persons may be asymptomatic, low levels of IgA will reduce the immune system's ability to combat infection where IgA is normally secreted, at mucosal surfaces. Selective IgA deficiency is seen in greater proportion among patients with autoimmune disorders.


dysgammaglobulinemia

description: An immunologic deficiency state characterized by selective deficiencies of one or more, but not all, classes of immunoglobulins.


impaired renal function disease

description: Any disease in which the causes of the disease is a perturbation of the kidney leading to its dysfunction.


antidepressant type abuse

description: A substance abuse that involves the recurring use of antidepressant drugs despite negative consequences.


facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy

description: An autosomal dominant disorder affecting the skeletal muscles of the face, scapula, and upper arm. Patients present with muscle weakness in these anatomic areas. The muscle weakness eventually spreads to other skeletal muscles as well.


parametrium malignant neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the parametrium.


uterine adnexa cancer

description: Evidence of a malignant neoplasm of the uterine adnexa.


round ligament malignant neoplasm

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the round ligament of uterus.


name: Bordetella parapertussis infectious disease

description: Any disease caused by infection with by Bordetella parapertussis. The symptoms are similar but less severe than Bordetella pertussis whooping cough.


ocular siderosis

description: A hemosiderosis that involves the camera-type eye.


iron deficiency anemia

description: Anemia caused by low iron intake, inefficient iron absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, or chronic blood loss.


hypochromic anemia

description: Anemia caused by the reduction of hemoglobin in relation to the red cell volume. As a result, the red cells have an area of central pallor which is increased in size. The leading cause is iron deficiency.


bronchial disorder

description: A disease involving the bronchus.


spontaneous ocular nystagmus

description: Involuntary movements of the eye that are divided into two types, jerk and pendular. Jerk nystagmus has a slow phase in one direction followed by a corrective fast phase in the opposite direction, and is usually caused by central or peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Pendular nystagmus features oscillations that are of equal velocity in both directions and this condition is often associated with visual loss early in life. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p272)


chronic congestive splenomegaly

description: Chronic form of congestive splenomegaly.


chronic laryngitis

description: Persistent laryngitis usually caused by smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, voice abuse, or gastroesophageal reflux disease. It results in hoarseness and other voice changes.


pericardial effusion

description: Fluid collection within the pericardial sac, usually due to inflammation.


protein-energy malnutrition

description: A nutritional deficit that is caused by inadequate protein or calorie intake.


bladder neck cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the neck of urinary bladder.


urinary bladder posterior wall cancer

description: Evidence of a malignant neoplasm of the posterior wall of bladder.


bladder sarcoma

description: A malignant mesenchymal cell neoplasm that affects the urinary bladder.


bladder trigone cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the trigone of urinary bladder.


urinary bladder anterior wall cancer

description: Evidence of a malignant neoplasm of the anterior wall of bladder.


urachus cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the urachus.


ureteric orifice cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the ureteral orifice.


bladder dome cancer

description: Cancer of the upper, convex surface of the bladder.


bladder lymphoma

description: A lymphoma that involves the urinary bladder.


hepatorenal syndrome

description: Hepatorenal syndrome is a form of impaired kidney function that occurs in individuals with advanced chronic liver disease. As many as 40% of individuals with cirrhosis and ascites will develop hepatorenal syndrome. Symptoms may include fatigue, abdominal pain, and a general feeling of ill health (malaise). There are two distinct types of hepatorenal syndrome. Type I progresses quickly (within days), leading to kidney failure. Individuals with type I typically have dramatically reduced urine output, edema, and jaundice, and often suffer from hepatic encephalopathy. Type II progresses more slowly, over weeks or months, and the symptoms are less severe. The cause of hepatorenal syndrome is unknown. A contributing factor seems to be a narrowing of the blood vessels that connect into the kidneys. This causes a decrease in blood flow to the kidneys, impairing their function. In some cases, triggers or precipitating factors (infections, blood loss from the gastrointestinal tract, low blood pressure) are involved. Treatment is aimed at helping the liver work better and maintaining kidney function. In many cases, a liver transplant is needed. In some cases, individuals also need a kidney transplant.


degenerative myopia

description: Excessive axial myopia associated with complications (especially posterior staphyloma and choroidal neovascularization) that can lead to blindness.


myopia

description: The condition in which the individual does not see far distances clearly.


cortical blindness

description: Visual impairment due to visual cortex dysfunction.


visual epilepsy

description: Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as epilepsy or 'seizure disorder.'


penile sarcoma

description: A malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the penis. Representative examples include Kaposi sarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and angiosarcoma.


glans penis cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the glans penis.


congenital coronary artery anomaly

description: Any structural abnormality of the coronary arteries.


indeterminate leprosy

description: A leprosy that is an early form of the disease which causes one to a few hypopigmented or erythematous macules.


mononeuropathy

description: Disease or trauma involving a single peripheral nerve in isolation, or out of proportion to evidence of diffuse peripheral nerve dysfunction. Mononeuropathy multiplex refers to a condition characterized by multiple isolated nerve injuries. Mononeuropathies may result from a wide variety of causes, including ischemia; traumatic injury; compression; connective tissue diseases; cumulative trauma disorders; and other conditions.


ureter benign neoplasm

description: Cancer or tumors of the ureter which may cause obstruction leading to hydroureter, hydronephrosis, and pyelonephritis. hematuria is a common symptom.


ureter leiomyoma

description: A benign smooth muscle neoplasm arising from the ureter. It is characterized by the presence of spindle cells with cigar-shaped nuclei, interlacing fascicles, and a whorled pattern.


schwannoma of ureter

description: A benign nerve sheath tumor composed of Schwann cells, occurring in the ureter.


vaginal cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the vagina. Representative examples include carcinomas and sarcomas.


labium majus cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the labium majora.


ecthyma

description: An ulcerative pyoderma usually caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection at the site of minor trauma. (Dorland, 27th ed)


name: dermatophytosis of groin and perianal area

description: Dermatophytosis involving the stratum corneum of the skin of the groin and perianal area.


peripheral nervous system neoplasm

description: A benign or malignant neoplasm arising from a peripheral nerve or the perineural sheaths.


tracheal cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the trachea


ischemic neuropathy

description: Neuropathy that is caused by inadequate blood supply.


esophagitis

description: An acute or chronic inflammatory disease affecting the esophageal wall.


postmenopausal atrophic vaginitis

description: Inflammation of the vagina due to thinning of the vaginal wall and decreased lubrication associated with reduced estrogen levels at menopause.


synostosis

description: A disease characterized by abnormal union between adjacent bones or parts of a single bone formed by osseous material, such as ossified connecting cartilage or fibrous tissue.


ulceroglandular tularemia

description: A tularemia that results in painful regional lymphadenopathy and an ulcerated skin lesion.


osteopoikilosis

description: A rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by the presence of small areas of increased density throughout the bones.


atrophy of testis

description: Loss of testicular volume.


female reproductive organ cancer

description: A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm involving the female reproductive system. Representative examples include endometrial carcinoma, cervical carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma, adenosarcoma, malignant mixed mesodermal (mullerian) tumor, and gestational choriocarcinoma.


tracheal lymphoma

description: A rare lymphoma that arises from the trachea. Signs and symptoms include dyspnea, cough, wheezing, and stridor.


trachea sarcoma

description: A rare malignant soft tissue neoplasm that arises from the trachea.


trachea squamous cell carcinoma

description: A rare squamous cell carcinoma that arises from the mucosal lining of the trachea. It usually grows as an intraluminal mass and later invades extraluminal structures. The majority of patients present with hemoptysis, coughing, dyspnea, or stridor.


trigeminal nerve neoplasm

description: Benign and malignant neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the trigeminal or fifth cranial nerve which provides sensory innervation to the face, oral cavity and sinuses and the muscles of mastication. Clinical features may include facial pain or sensory loss or weakness of jaw closure.


frontal lobe neoplasm

description: A neoplasm involving a frontal lobe.


primary aldosteronism

description: An endocrine disorder characterized by excessive production of aldosterone by the adrenal glands. Causes include adrenal gland adenoma and adrenal gland hyperplasia. The overproduction of aldosterone results in sodium and water retention and hypokalemia. Patients present with high blood pressure, muscle weakness, and headache.


mediastinum neurofibroma

description: A neurofibroma that arises from the posterior mediastinum. Excision is usually curative.


Dieulafoy lesion

description: Dieulafoy lesion is an abnormally large artery (a vessel that takes blood from the heart to other areas of the body) in the lining of the gastrointestinal system. It is most common in the stomach but can occur in other locations, including the small and large intestine. Dieulafoy lesions can cause severe and sudden gastrointestinal bleeding. The condition occurs in people of all ages, but is more common in males than in females.Depending upon the site of the bleeding, symptoms may include vomiting up blood (hematemesis); sticky, dark-colored stools (melena); passage of fresh blood in the stool (hematochezia); or coughing up blood (hemoptysis). Some affected individuals may only present with blood pressure problems. Treatment may include endoscopic and/or surgical techniques. Though treatment can be effective, Dieulafoy lesions and the associated blood loss can be fatal, especially if not diagnosed and treated promptly.


transient arthropathy

description: Arthropathy that is not permanent.


toxic or nutritional optic neuropathy

description: A disease with basis in optic nerve damage secondary to a toxic substance and/or nutritional deficiency.


vaginal disorder

description: A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder that affects the vagina. Representative examples include vaginal infection, vaginal polyp, and vaginal squamous cell carcinoma.


hemosiderosis

description: Accumulation of iron in internal organs.


pulmonary alveolar proteinosis

description: A rare lung disorder characterized by the filling of the pulmonary alveoli with proteinaceous material which stains positive with periodic acid-Schiff stain. It may be idiopathic or secondary due to hematologic malignancies or the inhalation of mineral dusts. Signs and symptoms include dyspnea, cough and low grade fever.


pica disease

description: An eating disorder characterized by the persistent eating of nonnutritive substances such as clay or soil; this behavior must be inappropriate to the level of the individual's development.


dysthymic disorder

description: A chronic mood disorder in which the symptoms are similar to, though milder than, those diagnosed in depression.


tympanosclerosis

description: The formation of dense connective tissue in the tympanic membrane that does not necessarily cause or lead to loss of hearing.


Chagas disease

description: A parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. It is transmitted by insect bites. It is characterized by an acute and chronic phase; in the acute phase patients may have fever, malaise, and swelling at the site of the insect bite. In the chronic phase patients develop hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias.


detrusor sphincter dyssynergia

description: A urodynamic anomaly characterized by bladder outlet obstruction from detrusor muscle contraction with concomitant involuntary urethral sphincter activation.


lymphocytic choriomeningitis

description: A form of meningitis caused by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. mice and other rodents serve as the natural hosts, and infection in humans usually occurs through inhalation or ingestion of infectious particles. Clinical manifestations include an influenza-like syndrome followed by stiff neck, alterations of mentation, ataxia, and incontinence. Maternal infections may result in fetal malformations and injury, including neonatal hydrocephalus, aqueductal stenosis, chorioretinitis, and microcephaly. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1996, Ch26, pp1-3)


peripheral retinal degeneration

description: Degeneration of the peripheral retina.


ulnar nerve lesion

description: A peripheral nerve lesion that involves the ulnar nerve.


radial neuropathy

description: Disease involving the radial nerve. Clinical features include weakness of elbow extension, elbow flexion, supination of the forearm, wrist and finger extension, and thumb abduction. Sensation may be impaired over regions of the dorsal forearm. Common sites of compression or traumatic injury include the axilla and radial groove of the humerus.


tinea corporis

description: A dermatophyte disease of the glabrous skin, excluding the scalp, beard, face, hands, feet, and groin.


descending colon cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the descending colon.


splenic flexure cancer

description: A malignant neoplasm involving the splenic flexure of colon.