2alpha-hydroxy steroid

A 2-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group at position 2 has an alpha-configuration.


14beta-hydroxy steroid

A 14-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group has a beta-configuration.


pseudohalogen

Compounds that resemble the halogen elements, X2, in their chemistry.


CHRYSOPHANOL

A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin with a methyl substituent at C-3. It has been isolated from Aloe vera and exhibits antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity.


radical ion

A radical that carries an electric charge.


PULMATIN

A beta-D-glucoside in which the aglycone species is chrysophanol, the glycosidic linkage being to the hydroxy group at C-8.


The (3S)-diastereomer of citramalyl-CoA.


20-oxo steroid

An oxo steroid carrying an oxo group at position 20.


CHRYSOSPLENOL B

A tetramethoxyflavone that is  the 3,6,7,3'-tetramethyl ether derivative of quercetagetin.


N-benzyloxycarbonylglycinate

An N-acylglycinate that is the conjugate base of N-benzyloxycarbonylglycine; major species at pH 7.3.


CHRYSOSPLENOL C

A trimethoxyflavone that is the 3,7,3'-trimethyl ether derivative of quercetagetin.


cation

A monoatomic or polyatomic species having one or more elementary charges of the proton.


A monovalent inorganic anion that consists of antimonic acid where one of the three OH groups has been deprotonated.


A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of two protons from antimonic acid.


oxygen-15 atom

The radioactive isotope of oxygen with relative atomic mass 15.003065. The longest-lived oxygen radionuclide with half-life of 122.2 s.


nitrogen-15 atom

The stable isotope of nitrogen with relative atomic mass 15.000109. The least abundant (0.368 atom percent) isotope of naturally occurring nitrogen.


nitrogen-13 atom

The radioactive isotope of nitrogen with relative atomic mass 13.0057386. The longest-lived nitrogen radionuclide with half-life of 9.965 min.


nitrogen-14 atom

The stable isotope of nitrogen with relative atomic mass 14.003074. The most abundant (99.63 atom percent) isotope of naturally occurring nitrogen.


fluorine-18 atom

The radioactive isotope of fluorine with relative atomic mass 18.000938. The longest-lived fluorine radionuclide with half-life of 109.77 min.


fluorine-19 atom

The stable isotope of fluorine with relative atomic mass 18.998403 and nuclear spin (1)/2.


THIOUREA

The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur.


A benzothiophene in which the benzene ring is fused to the thiophene ring across positions 3 and 4.


cidofovir

Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.


organochalcogen compound

An organochalcogen compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chalcogen bond.


organooxygen compound

An organochalcogen compound containing at least one carbon-oxygen bond.


farnesoic acid

A methyl-branched, trienoic fatty acid consisting of dodeca-2,6,10-trienoic acid having three methyl substituents at the 3-, 7- and 11-positions.


cilastatin

The thioether resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of the thiol group of L-cysteine with the 7-position of (2Z)-2-({[(1S)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropyl]carbonyl}amino)hept-2-enoic acid. It is an inhibitor of dehydropeptidase I (membrane dipeptidase, 3.4.13.19), an enzyme found in the brush border of renal tubes and responsible for degrading the antibiotic imipenem. Cilastatin is therefore administered (as the sodium salt) with  imipenem to prolong the antibacterial effect of the latter by preventing its renal metabolism to inactive and potentially nephrotoxic products. Cilastatin also acts as a leukotriene D4 dipeptidase inhibitor, preventing the metabolism of leukotriene D4 to leukotriene E4.


dodecatrienoic acid

Any trienoic fatty acid having twelve carbons.


graphene

A single carbon layer of the graphite structure, describing its nature by analogy to a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon of quasi infinite size.


nucleotide

A nucleotide is a nucleoside phosphate resulting from the condensation of the 3 or 5 hydroxy group of a nucleoside with phosphoric acid.


hexagonal graphite

The thermodynamically stable form of graphite with an ABAB stacking sequence of the graphene layers. Hexagonal graphite is thermodynamically stable below approximately 2600 K and 6 GPa.


rhombohedral graphite

A thermodynamically unstable allotropic form of graphite with an ABCABC stacking sequence of the layers.


cilazapril

A pyridazinodiazepine resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of cilazaprilat with ethanol. It is a drug used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.


A dicarboxylic acid dianion that is the conjugate base of mesaconic acid.


N-(adenosin-N(6)-ylcarbonyl)threonine and derivatives thereof.


cimetidine

A member of the class of  guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a  H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.


perillyl-coenzyme A

An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of perillic acid.


helium-6 atom

The radioactive isotope of helium with relative atomic mass 6.01889 and half-life of 806.7 ms.


helium-8 atom

The radioactive isotope of helium with relative atomic mass 8.03392 and half-life of 119.0 ms.


ribonucleoside 3'-monophosphate

A ribonucleoside monophosphate in which the phosphate group is at the ribosyl 3-position.


The 4-isomer of oxoproline.


The L-enantiomer of 3-oxoalanine.


(S)-2-AMINOADIPIC ACID

The L-enantiomer of 2-aminoadipic acid.


2-aminoadipic acid

An alpha-amino acid that is adipic acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. An intermediate in the formation of lysine.


D-2-aminoadipic acid

An optically active form of 2-aminoadipic acid having D-configuration.


xylitol 5-phosphate(2-)

Dianion of xylitol 5-phosphate arising from deprotonation of the phosphate OH groups; major species at pH 7.3.


CINCHONIDINE

8-epi-Cinchonan in which a hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by hydroxy (R configuration). A diasteroisomer of cinchonine, it occurs in the bark of most varieties of Cinchona shrubs, and is frequently used for directing chirality in asymmetric synthesis.


O-acetyl-D-homoserine

The O-acetyl derivative of D-homoserine.


A hydroxybutanoyl-CoA having 3-hydroxybutanoyl as the S-acyl component.


3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoic acid

A 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid which is substituted by a methyl group and a hydroxy group at positions 2 and 3, respectively.


(2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoic acid

A 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyric acid that has (2S,3S)-configuration.


A hydroxy fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of 3-hydroxybutyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.


2-methylbutyric acid

A methylbutyric acid comprising a butyric acid core carrying a 2-methyl substituent. Produced from amino acid leucine during nutrient starvation in bacteria.


2-methylacetoacetic acid

A 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is acetoacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group.


BETA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID

A beta-amino acid that is butyric acid which is substituted by an amino group at position 3.


3-hydroxyisovaleric acid

A 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is isovaleric acid substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. Used as indicator of biotin deficiency.


3-hydroxyoctanoic acid

An 8-carbon, beta-hydroxy fatty acid which may be a marker for primary defects of beta-hydroxy fatty acid metabolism. Repeating unit of poly(3-hydroxyoctanoic acid), a biopolymer used by numerous bacterial species as carbon and energy reserves.


(R)-3-hydroxyoctanoic acid

The (R)-enantiomer of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid; an important building block in the biomedical and pharmaceutical fields.


(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid

A 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid in which the chiral centre has S configuration.


3-hydroxyoctanoic acid

The (S)-enantiomer of 3-hydroxyoctanoic acid.


7-methyloctanoic acid

A branched-chain saturated fatty acid consisting of octanoic acid carrying a 7-methyl group.


dithallium

An elemental thallium that consists of two thallium atoms joined via a triple bond.


3-methylbut-2-enoic acid

A methyl-branched fatty acid that is but-2-enoic acid bearing a methyl substituent at position 3.


organobromine compound

A compound containing at least one carbon-bromine bond.


organoiodine compound

An organoiodine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-iodine bond.


organofluorine compound

An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond.


epichlorohydrin

An epoxide that is 1,2-epoxypropene in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by chlorine.


dibromobenzene

Any member of the class of bromobenzenes that consists of a benzene or a substituted benzene ring carrying two bromo groups at unspecified positions.


bromoarene

A compound derived from an arene by replacing a hydrogen atom with a bromine atom.


bromobenzenes

A member of the class of benzenes that is benzene substituted by at least one bromo group.


A dibromobenzene carrying bromo groups at positions 1 and 3.


A hydrogen butenedioate obtained by deprotonation of one of the carboxy groups of fumaric acid.


A hydrogen butenedioate that is the  conjugate base of maleic acid.


3-oxodecanoic acid

An oxo fatty acid that is the 3-oxo derivative of decanoic acid.


cinoxacin

A member of the class of  cinnolines  that is 6,7-methylenedioxycinnolin-4(1H)-one bearing an ethyl group at position 1 and a carboxylic acid group at position 3. An analogue of oxolinic acid, it has similar antibacterial actions. It was formerly used for the treatment of urinary tract infections.


trans-2-dodecenoic acid

The trans isomer of 2-dodecenoic acid.


glucan

A polysaccharide composed of glucose residues.


homopolysaccharide

Glycans composed of a single type of monosaccharide residue. They are named by replacing the ending '-ose' of the sugar by '-an'.


galactan

Polysaccharides composed of galactose residues.


xylan

Polysaccharides composed of xylose residues.


organogermanium compound

An organogermanium compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-germanium bond.


silanols

Hydroxy derivatives of silanes SinH2n+1OH.


silanes

Saturated silicon hydrides, analogues of the alkanes; i.e. compounds of the general formula SinH2n+2.


silanol

The simplest silanol, consisting of a single silicon atom covalently bouund to three hydrogens and a hydroxy group.


arsole

Any tautomer of the cyclic organoarsenic chemical compound with formula C4H5As, whose structure is isoelectronic to that of pyrrole except that an As atom is substituted for N.


That one of the three tautomers of arsole that has the double bonds at positions 1 and 3.


That one of the three tautomers of arsole that has the double bonds at positions 1 and 4.


CIRSILENEOL

A trimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6, 7 and 3' and hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 4' respectively.


CIRSILIOL

A dimethoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and hydroxy groups at positions 5, 3' and 4' respectively.


cisapride

The amide resulting from formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with cis-1-[3-(4-fluorophenoxy)propyl]-3-methoxypiperidin-4-amine. It has been used (as its monohydrate or as its tartrate) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and for non-ulcer dyspepsia, but its propensity to cause cardiac arrhythmias resulted in its complete withdrawal from many countries, including the U.K., and restrictions on its use elsewhere.


organobismuth compound

An organobismuth compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-bismuth bond.


pentol

A  polyol with five hydroxy groups.


hexol

A polyol that contains 6 hydroxy groups.


cis-3-dodecenoic acid

The cis-isomer of 3-dodecenoic acid


pinitol

A cyclitol ether formed by etherification of the 3-hydroxy group of chiro-inositol. It is plant metabolite isolated from the leaves of Sutherlandia frutescens.


L-pinitol

The L-enantiomer of pinitol.


dodecadienoic acid

A C12, polyunsaturated acid carrying two double bonds at any position.


citalopram

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer,  escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.


citalopram hydrobromide

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram hydrobromide and escitalopram hydrobromide. It is used for the treatment of depression. Only the (S)-enantiomer, (escitalopram hydrobromide) is active.


(E)-3-methylglutaconic acid

A dicarboxylic acid comprising (E)-glutaconic acid carrying a 3-methyl substituent.


3-hydroxypalmitic acid

A long-chain fatty acid that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of palmitic acid.


3-oxopalmitic acid

An oxo-fatty acid comprising palmitic acid having an oxo group at the 3-position; an intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis.


(E)-hexadec-2-enoic acid

A hexadecenoic acid having a trans-double bond at the 2-position.


phytanate

A branched-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of phytanic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid group.


2-hydroxyphytanic acid

An alpha-hydroxy fatty acid formed from phytanic acid by bacterial cytochrome P450; and also formed in human peroxisomal disorders.


3-oxopimelic acid

An oxo dicarboxylic acid consisting of pimelic acid having a single oxo group at the 3-position.


3-oxotetradecanoic acid

A C14, long-chain fatty acid carrying an oxo- group at position 3.


trans-2-tetradecenoic acid

A 2-tetradecenoic acid having trans-configuration.


cis-11-tetradecenoic acid

The cis-isomer of tetradec-11-enoic acid.


trans-11-tetradecenoic acid

The trans-isomer of tetradec-11-enoic acid.


(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)acetic acid

A 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of cyclohexane carrying carboxymethyl and hydroxy substituents both at the 1-position.


cyclohexylacetic acid

A monocarboxylic acid consisting of cyclohexane carrying a carboxymethyl substituent.


heptanoyl-CoA

A medium-chain fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of heptanoic acid.


(3R)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoic acid

An optically active form of 3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoic acid having (3R)-configuration.


(3S)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoic acid

An optically active form of 3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoic acid having (3S)-configuration.


1-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

An acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate that has the acyl group located at position 2 with an additional alkyl substituent at position 1.


thorium molecular entity

An actinoid molecular entity containing at least one atome of thorium.


PIPERIC ACID

A monocarboxylic acid that is (E)-penta-2,4-dienoic acid substituted by a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 5. It has been isolated from black pepper (Piper nigrum).


The conjugate base of 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoic acid.


clarithromycin

The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.


A 7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4-dione that is  isoalloxazine substituted by methyl groups at positions 7 and 8.


phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate

A phosphatidylinositol monophosphate carrying the phosphate group at the 5-position.


(E)-penta-2,4-dienoic acid

The (E)-isomer of penta-2,4-dienoic acid.


polonium-210 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 209.98286 and half-life of 138.376 days; the only naturally occurring isotope of polonium.


polonium-211 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 210.986637 and half-life of 0.516 s.


polonium-212 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 211.988852 and half-life of 0.299 mus.


polonium-213 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 212.9928425 and half-life of 4.2 mus.


polonium-214 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 213.995186 and half-life of 164.3 mus.


polonium-215 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 214.999415 and half-life of 1.781 ms.


polonium-216 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 216.001905 and half-life of 0.145 s.


polonium-217 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 217.006253 and half-life of < 10 s.


polonium-218 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 218.008966 and half-life of 3.10 min.


polonium-203 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 202.981413 and half-life of 36.7 min.


polonium-205 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 204.981165 and half-life of 1.66 h.


polonium-206 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 205.98047 and half-life of 8.8 days.


polonium-207 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 206.981578 and half-life of 5.80 h.


polonium-208 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 207.98123 and half-life of 2.898 years.


polonium-209 atom

The radioactive isotope of polonium with relative atomic mass 208.982404 and half-life of 102 years.


CLEISTANTHIN

A member of the class of cleistanthins that is the 4-O-3,4-di-O-methyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside of 1,3-dihydronaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4-ol which is substituted by an oxo group at position 1, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7, and a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 9. It is one of the toxic principles in Cleistanthus collinus.


(S)-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid

A C14, long-chain hydroxy fatty acid and enantiomer of the biologically active (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid.


clemastine

2-[(2R)-1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is substituted by a 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylethyl group (R configuration). An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used as its fumarate salt for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.


AURANTIOOBTUSIN

A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,3,7-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 8, and by a methyl group at position 6.


CALTERIDOL

A tricarboxylic acid that consists of 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane bearing three carboxymethyl substituents at positions 1, 4 and 7 as well as a 2-hydroxypropyl group at position 10.


A tricarboxylic acid trianion obtained by deprotonation of the three carboxy groups of 2,2',2''-[10-(2-hydroxypropyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triyl]triacetic acid (HP-DO3A).


azoxy compound

An N-oxide of an azo compound of structure RN=N(+)(O(-))R.


An azacycloalkane that is cyclododecane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 4, 7 and 10 are replaced by nitrogen atoms.


mucopolysaccharide

Any of the group of polysaccharides composed of alternating units from uronic acids and glycosamines, and commonly partially esterified with sulfuric acid.


CLEOMISCOSIN A

An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2,3-dihydro-9H-[1,4]dioxino[2,3-h]chromen-9-one substituted by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl group at position 3, a hydroxymethyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5 (the 2R,3R stereoisomer). It exhibits anti-inflammatory activity.


cyclic ether

Any ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a ring.


crown ether

Crown compounds containing only oxygen as coordinating atom.


crown compound

A macrocyclic polydentate compound, usually uncharged, in which three or more coordinating ring atoms are or may become suitably close for easy formation of chelate complexes with metal ions or other cationic species.


arene epoxide

Any epoxide formally derived from an arene by the 1,2 addition of an oxygen atom to a double bond.


crown amine

Crown compounds containing only nitrogen as coordinating atom.


alpha-amanitin

A heterodetic cyclic peptide consisting of eight amino acid residues and containing a thioether bridge between a cysteine and a tryptophan residue. It is found in a number of poisonous mushrooms, including Amanita phalloides (the death cap), Galerina marginata, and and Conocybe filaris.


scillirosidin

A steroid lactone that is bufanolide bearing hydroxy substituents at the 3beta-, 8- and 14beta-positions, a 6beta-acetoxy group and an aromatised pyrone in place of the tetrahydropyrone moiety at the 17-position.


A crown thioether that is cyclononane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 4 and 7 are replaced by sulfur atoms. It is a tridentate thioether ligand that is used to synthesise complexes with a wide variety of transition metal ions.


12-hydroxyjasmonic acid

An oxo carboxylic acid that is jasmonic acid in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a hydroxy group.


sterol 3-beta-D-glucoside

Any beta-D-glucoside derived from a sterol.


L-galactonic acid

A galactonic acid compound having L-configuration.


aldarolactone

A carbohydrate lactone resulting from the formal intramolecular condensation between a hydroxy group and one of the carboxy groups of an aldaric acid.


clidinium

The ester resulting from formal condensation of benzilic acid and 3-hydroxy-1-methyl-1-azoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane. It is used, generally as the bromide, for the symptomatic treatment of peptic ulcer disease and also to help relieve abdominal or stomach spasms or cramps due to colicky abdominal pain, diverticulitis, and irritable bowel syndrome.


crown thioether

Crown compounds containing only sulfur as coordinating atom.


A crown thioether that is cyclododecane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 4, 7 and 10 are replaced by sulfur atoms.


An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of 3-isopropenylpimelic acid.


clidinium bromide

The bromide salt of clinidium. It is used for the symptomatic treatment of peptic ulcer disease and also to help relieve abdominal or stomach spasms or cramps due to colicky abdominal pain, diverticulitis, and irritable bowel syndrome.


3-oxoadipic acid

An oxo dicarboxylic acid consisting of adipic acid having a single oxo group at the 3-position.


coronate

A chelate complex of crown compound (coronand).


A crown ether that is 15-crown-5 ortho-fused to a benzene ring.


folic acids

A group of heterocyclic compounds based on the pteroic acid skeleton conjugated with one or more L-glutamic acid units.


An organic cation that is porphyrin bearing four 1-methylpyridinium-4-yl groups at the 5-, 10-, 15- and 20-positions.


Any 2-deoxy-D-glucoside having alpha-configuration about the anomeric centre.


clindamycin

A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the  semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.


A steroid glucosiduronic acid that is 2-methoxyestrone having a single beta-D-glucuronic acid residue attached at position 3.


ribulose 5-phosphate

A ribulose phosphate in which the phosphate group is attached at position 5.


L-tagatose

Any form of tagatose that has L-configuration.


D-galactopyranose 1-phosphate

A D-galactose phosphate that consists of  D-galactopyranose having a single phospho substituent located at the 1-position. It is an intermediate obtained during the the galactose metabolism.


monohydroxyanthraquinone

An anthraquinone in which the anthraquinone moiety is substituted by a single hydroxy group.


hydroxyanthraquinones

An anthraquinone substituted with one or more hydroxy groups.


QUINIZARIN

A dihydroxyanthraquinone having the two hydroxy substituents at the 1- and 4-positions; formally derived from anthraquinone by replacement of two hydrogen atoms by hydroxy groups


trihydroxyanthraquinone

A member of the class of  hydroxyanthraquinones carrying three hydroxy substituents.


clofazimine

3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of  multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.


D-xylose 5-phosphate

A xylose phosphate that is D-xylose carrying a phosphate group at position 5.


1D-myo-inositol 5-phosphate

An inositol having myo- configuration substituted at position 5 by a phosphate group.


QUINALIZARIN

A tetrahydroxyanthraquinone having the four hydroxy groups at the 1-, 2-, 5- and 8-positions.


anthracene blue SWR

A hexahydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione in which the six hydroxy substituents are located at positions 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 8. Used as as a hematoxylin substitute in H&E staining.


clofibrate

The ethyl ester of clofibric acid.


ANTHRARUFIN

A  dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 5.


ANTHRAROBIN

An anthracenetriol having the three hydroxy substituents at the 1-, 2- and 10-positions.


anthracenetriol

A polyphenol that is anthracene carrying three hydroxy substituents.


anthracenol

A member of the class of  anthracenes in which the anthracene ring system is substituted by one or more hydroxy groups at unspecified positions.


CLOMAZONE

An isoxazolidinone that is 1,2-oxazolidin-3-one substituted by a 2-chlorobenzyl group at position 2 and two methyl groups at position 4.


dithranol

An anthracene compound derived by the substitution of -OH groups for hydrogen at C-1 and C-8, and with an oxo group at C-9.


purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate

A purine nucleoside monophosphate in which the sugar component is specified as arabinosyl.


D-fructofuranose 1-phosphate

The furanose form of D-fructose 1-phosphate.


A cycloheptatriene with unsaturation at positions 1, 3 and 5.


O-phospho-L-threonine

A L-threonine derivative phosphorylated at the side-chain hydroxy function.


acid

An acid is a molecular entity capable of donating a hydron (Bronsted acid) or capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (Lewis acid).


phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate

A phosphatidylinositol monophosphate carrying the phosphate group at the 4-position.


phorbol ester

Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.


azo compound

Derivatives of diazene with the general structure R-N=N-R'.


A mannarate(2-) that is the dianion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy groups of D-mannaric acid.


A mannarate(2-) that is the dianion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy groups of L-mannaric acid.


phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate

A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.


A mannaric acid anion that is a dianion obtained by the deprotonation of both the carboxy groups of mannaric acid.


The L-enantiomer of altrarate(2-).


PHENYL DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE

An aryl phosphate resulting from the mono-esterification of phosphoric acid with phenol.


sphingosine 1-phosphate

A phosphosphingolipid that consists of sphingosine having a phospho group attached at position 1


An O-alkylglycerone that consists of glycerone bearing a single O-methyl substituent.


An O-alkylglycerone that is the mono-ethyl ether of 1,3-dihydroxyacetone.


fatty acyl-CoA

An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any fatty acid.


omega-carboxyacyl-CoA

An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with one of the carboxy groups of any alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid.


aryl dialkyl phosphate

Any aryl phosphate having a single aryl substituent and two alkyl substituents.


clonazepam

1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation.


benproperine

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-benproperine. It is used as a cough suppressant in non-productive cough.


A nucleoside triphosphate(4-) obtained by global deprotonation of the triphosphate OH groups of CTP; major species present at pH 7.3.


A 5-glycosyloxy-L-lysine in which the glycosyl fragment is specified as beta-D-galactose.


A nucleoside triphosphate(4-) obtained by global deprotonation of the triphosphate OH groups of GTP; major species present at pH 7.3.


A 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate(4-) obtained by deprotonation of the four triphosphate OH groups of dTTP; major species at pH 7.3.


(+)-abscisate

An abscisic acid  anion derived from (+)-abscisic acid.


clonidine

A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.


An allaric acid anion that is the dianion resulting from the deprotonation of both the carboxy groups of allaric acid.


thiamine(1+) monophosphate(1-)

An ammonium betaine that is the conjugate base of thiamine(1+) monophosphate arising from the deprotonation of one of the phosphate hydroxy groups.


thiamine(1+) monophosphate(2-)

An organophosphate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of thiamine(1+) monophosphate(1-), arising from the deprotonation of the phosphate group. Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


gallate ester

A benzoate ester that is any ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) with an alcoholic or phenolic hydroxy group.


heteroatomic molecular entity

A molecular entity consisting of two or more chemical elements.


halide

Any heteroatomic molecular entity that is a chemical compound of halogen with other chemical elements.


acyl halide

A compound consisting of an acyl group bonded to halogen.


gamma-lactone

A lactone having a five-membered lactone ring.


nitrogen mustard

Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR.


cloransulam-methyl

The methyl ester of cloransulam. An inhibitor of acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), it prevents the synthesis of amino acids in plants and is used as a herbicide for the control of post-emergence control of broad-leaved weeds in soybeans. It is not approved for use within the European Area.


allenes

Any olefinic compound having two double bonds from one carbon atom to two others.


octadecene

An alkene that is octadecane containing one double bond at unspecified position.


cumulene

Hydrocarbons (and by extension, derivatives formed by substitution) having three or more cumulative double bonds, e.g. R2C=C=C=CR2.


butatriene

A cumulene containing 3 double bonds with formula C4H4.


clorazepate

A 1,4-benzodiazepinone in which the oxo group is at position 2, and which is substituted at positions 3, 5, and 7 by carboxy, phenyl and chloro groups, respectively.


alkenyl group

A monovalent group -CnH2n-1 formed from an alkene by removal of one hydrogen atoms from any carbon atom.


L-galactopyranose

The L-enantiomer of galactopyranose.


beta-L-galactose

A L-galactopyranose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.


galactopyranose

The pyranose form of galactose.


carboxamide

An amide of a carboxylic acid, having the structure RC(=O)NR2. The term is used as a suffix in systematic name formation to denote the -C(=O)NH2 group including its carbon atom.


L-glucose

The L-enantiomer of aldehydo-glucose.


LEVOGLUCOSE

The L-enantiomer of glucopyranose.


clorgiline

An aromatic ether that is the 2,4-dichlorophenyl ether of 3-aminopropan-1-ol in which the nitrogen is substituted by a methyl group and a prop-1-yn-3-yl group. A monoamine oxidase inhibitor, it was formerly used as an antidepressant.


alpha-L-glucose

A L-glucopyranose with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.


beta-L-glucose

A L-glucopyranose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.


A diacetylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol in which a heptamannosyl group consisting of one beta-D-mannosyl and six alpha-D-mannosyl residues is attached at an unspecified position to the diacetylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol moiety.


A diacetylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol in which an octamannosyl group consisting of one beta-D-mannosyl and seven alpha-D-mannosyl residues is attached at an unspecified position to the diacetylchitobiosyldiphosphodolichol moiety.


polysaccharide phosphate

A polysaccharide derivative in which at least one hydroxy group has been phosphorylated. The phosphate group(s) may or may not be involved in the polymer linkages.


clotrimazole

A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole in which the hydrogen attached to a nitrogen is replaced by a monochlorotrityl group.


A 7alpha,24-dihydroxycholesterol in which has S configuration at position 24.


A 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoA in which the carbon at position 25 of the steroidal side chain has R configuration.


A 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoA in which the carbon at position 25 of the steroidal side chain has S configuration.


name: luteolin 7-O-[(beta-D-glucosyluronic acid)-(1->2)-(beta-D-glucosiduronic acid)] 4'-O-beta-D-glucosiduronic acid

description: A luteolin glucosiduronic acid that consists of luteolin substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid group at position 7 and a beta-D-glucopyranosyluronic acid group at position 4' via glycosidic linkages.


XANTHONE

The parent compound of the xanthone class consisting of xanthene bearing a single oxo substituent at position 9.


erythronic acid

The erythro-isomer of  2,3,4-trihydroxybutanoic acid.


D-erythronic acid

An erythronic acid in which the stereocentres at positions 2 and 3 both have R-configuration (the D-enantiomer).


name: oleanolic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucosiduronic acid


oleanolic acid

A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is olean-12-en-28-oic acid substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.


clozapine

A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like  schizophrenia.


methanopterin

A member of the class of methanopterins obtained by formal dehydrogenation at positions 5, 6, 7 and 8 of tetrahydromethanopterin. The parent of the class of methanopterins


aldehydo-glucose

The open chain form of glucose.


SARMENTOGENIN

A member of the class of cardenolides that is 5beta-card-20(22)-enolide which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 11alpha, and 14beta positions.


sesquiterpene lactone

Any member of a diverse class of complex, multicyclic phytochemicals showing a variety of skeleton arrangements and bioactivities, and having in common a sesquiterpenoid structure including a lactone ring.


protease inhibitor

A compound which inhibits or antagonizes the biosynthesis or actions of proteases (endopeptidases).


A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.


aldehydo-D-mannose

The D-enantiomer of aldehydo-mannose.


L-mannopyranose

The L-enantiomer of mannopyranose.


beta-L-mannose

A L-mannopyranose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.


alpha-L-mannose

A L-mannopyranose with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.


aldehydo-L-mannose

The L-enantiomer of aldehydo-mannose.


aldehydo-mannose

The open chain form of mannose.


mannopyranose

The pyranose form of mannose.


mannose

An aldohexose that is the C-2 epimer of glucose.


alpha-D-allose

A D-allopyranose with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.


allose

An aldohexose that is the C-3 epimer of glucose.


gulose

An aldohexose that is the C-3 epimer of galactose.


alpha-D-gulose

A D-gulopyranose with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.


beta-D-gulose

A D-gulopyranose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.


aldehydo-D-gulose

The open chain form of D-gulose.


protein kinase inhibitor

An EC 2.7.* (P-containing group transferase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of protein kinases.


L-gulopyranose

The L-enantiomer of gulopyranose.


beta-L-gulose

A L-gulopyranose with a beta-configuration.


gulopyranose

The pyranose form of gulose.


talose

An aldohexose that is the C-2 epimer of galactose.


A stilbenoid with a structure of (E)-stilbene substituted at one of the C-4 positions by a nitro group.


O-phosphoserine

A serine derivative that is serine substituted at the oxygen atom by a phosphono group.


O-phospho-D-serine

The D-enantiomer of O-phosphoserine.


L-fructopyranose

The L-enantiomer of fructopyranose.


mixed diacylamine

Any imide in which the acyl substituents are any two from carboacyl, sulfonyl and phosphoryl


D-fructofuranose

A fructofuranose that has D configuration.


L-fructofuranose

The L-enantiomer of fructofuranose.


alpha-L-fructofuranose

A L-fructofuranose with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.


alpha-L-fructopyranose

A L-fructopyranose with an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.


beta-L-fructopyranose

A L-fructopyranose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.


phosphonic ester

A phosphonic acid derivative in which one or both OH groups have been esterified.


FOSFRUCTOSE

The furanose form of D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.


The beta-anomer of 5-phospho-D-ribosylamine.


An undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetylmuramoyl peptide in which the peptide element is L-alanyl-D-gamma-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine.


glycerophospholipid

Any glycerolipid having a phosphate group ester-linked to a terminal carbon of the glycerol backbone.


beta-L-allose

A L-allopyranose with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.


L-allopyranose

The L-enantiomer of allopyranose.


alpha-L-allose

A L-allopyranose with an alpha-configuration a the anomeric position.


aldehydo-L-allose

An L-allose in open-chain form.


aldehydo-allose

An allose in open-chain form.


pseudooxynicotine

An aminoacylpyridine that is pyridine substituted at position 3 by a 4-(methylamino)butanoyl group.


The 6-hydroxy derivative of pseudooxynicotine.


4-(methylamino)butyric acid

A gamma-amino acid comprising that is GABA in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a methyl group.


disulfur dinitride

An inorganic heterocyclic compound with formula N2S2 and consisting of alternating sulfur and nitrogen atoms making up a 4-membered ring structure that is virtually square and planar. It is shock-sensitive and decomposes explosively above 30degreeC.


iodoalkane

Any haloalkane carrying at least one iodo group.


cycloartane

A triterpene that is lanostane in which there is a methylene bridge between the 5- and 9-positions.


organosulfinic acid

Organic derivatives of sulfinic acid in which the sulfino group is linked directly to carbon.


organosulfinate oxoanion

An organic anion resulting from the removal of the proton from the sulfino group of an organosulfinic acid.


A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-tyrosine phosphorylated at the phenolic hydroxy group.


amino sulfonic acid

An organosulfonic acid containing one or more amino groups.


aminosulfinic acid

Organosulfinic acids containing one or more amino groups.


The stable isotope of thallium with relative atomic mass 202.9723. The least abundant (29.524 atom percent) isotope of naturally occurring thallium.


The stable isotope of thallium with relative atomic mass 204.9744. The most abundant (70.476 atom percent) isotope of naturally occurring thallium.


The radioactive isotope of thallium with relative atomic mass 200.9708 and half-life of 72.912 hours.


The radioactive isotope of thallium with relative atomic mass 198.9698 and half-life of 7.42 hours.


penicillanic acid

A penam that consists of 3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane bearing a carboxy group at position 2 and having (2S,5R)-configuration.


L-tryptophan polyoxin C

Polyoxin C in which the primary amino group has been condensed with L-tryptophan to form a peptide bond.


BUTANE

A straight chain alkane composed of 4 carbon atoms.


trans-dec-3-enoic acid

A decenoic acid having a trans- double bond at position 3.


octadecatetraenoic acid

A polyunsaturated fatty acid whose structure contains double bonds at any four positions of an 18-carbon straight chain.


An alkadiyne that isdodecane which has been which has been formally dehydrogenated to introduce triple bonds at the 2-3 and 10-11 positions.


A monochloroaniline that is p-toluidine in which one of the hydrogens that is meta to the amino group is replaced by a chlorine.


p-toluidine

An aminotoluene in which the amino substituent is para to the methyl group.


PENTANE

A straight chain alkane consisting of 5 carbon atoms.


P,P-diphenylphosphinimidic amide

A phosphinamidine having two phenyl groups attached to the phosphorus.


alkatetraene

Acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbons having four carbon-carbon double bonds.


2-NAPHTHYLACETIC ACID

A naphthylacetic acid carrying a carboxy group at position 2.


carboacyl group

A carboacyl group is a group formed by loss of at least one OH from the carboxy group of a carboxylic acid.


octanol

A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of eight carbon atoms.


An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 2.


octanediol

A glycol in which the two hydroxy groups are on different carbon atoms of an unbranched saturated chain of eight carbon atoms.


adrenergic agonist

An agent that selectively binds to and activates adrenergic receptors.


An androstanoid that is 5alpha-androst-16-ene substituted by an oxo group at position 3. It is a steroid pheromone found in high concentrations in the saliva of male pigs,.


oligosaccharide sulfate

Any  carbohydrate sulfate that is an oligosaccharide carrying at least one O-sulfo substituent.


indane

An ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon consisting of a benzene ring fused to a cyclopentane ring; a high-boiling (176 (o)C) colourless liquid.


hydroxycoumarin

Any coumarin carrying at least one hydroxy substituent.


fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate

The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.


arbekacin

A kanamycin that is kanamycin B bearing an N-(2S)-4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group on the aminocyclitol ring.


astromicin

An amino cyclitol glycoside that is L-chiro-inositol in which the hydroxy groups at positions 1, 4, and 6 are replaced by aminoacetyl)methylamino, amino, and methoxy groups, respectively, and in which the hydroxy group at position 3 is converted to the corresponding 2,6-diamino-2,3,4,6,7-pentadeoxy-beta-L-lyxo-heptopyranoside. The major component of fortimicin, obtained from Micromonospora olivasterospora. It is administered (as the sulfate salt) by intramuscular injection or intravenous infusion for the treatment of severe systemic infections due to sensitive Gram-negative organisms.


atazanavir

A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).


A steroid comprising androstane having a C=C double bond at the 16(17)-position.


fluorescein isothiocyanate

An oxaspiro compound that is an isothiocyanato derivative of fluorescein. It exists as two isomers, with the isothiocyanato group located at either the 5- or 6-position.


fluorescein 6-isothiocyanate

The 6-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate.


xanthene dye

A dye derived by condensation of phthalic anhydride with resorcinol (and derivatives) or m-aminophenol (and derivatives).


phenothiazine

The 10H-tautomer of phenothiazine.


clopidogrel

A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a  methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.


thienopyridine

Any organic heterobicyclic compound whose skeleton results from the formal ortho-fusion of any bond of a pyridine with any bond of a thiophene.


polysaccharide sulfate

Any carbohydrate sulfate that is a polysaccharide carrying at least one O-sulfo substituent.


dibekacin

A kanamycin that is kanamycin B lacking the 3- and 4-hydroxy groups on the 2,6-diaminosugar ring.


dopamine 3-O-sulfate

An aryl sulfate that is dopamine in which the phenolic hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a sulfo group.


oxaspiro compound

A spiro compound in which at least one of the cyclic components is an oxygen heterocyle.


histamine antagonist

Histamine antagonists are the drugs that bind to but do not activate histamine receptors, thereby blocking the actions of histamine or histamine agonists.


histaminergic drug

Drugs used for their actions on histaminergic systems.


cyanine dye

Cyanine dyes are synthetic dyes with the general formula R2N[CH=CH]nCH=N(+)R2    <-> R2N(+)=CH[CH=CH]nNR2 (n is a small number) in which the nitrogen and part of the conjugated chain usually form part of a heterocyclic system, such as imidazole, pyridine, pyrrole, quinoline and thiazole.


adrenergic agent

Any agent that acts on an adrenergic receptor or affects the life cycle of an adrenergic transmitter.


pyranone

Any of a class of cyclic chemical compounds that contain an unsaturated six-membered ring with one ring oxygen atom and an oxo substituent.


The simplest member of the class of 2-pyranones that is 2H-pyran with an oxo substituent at position 2.


A pyranone that is 4H-pyran substituted by an oxo group at position 4.


aluminium-27 atom

The stable isotope of aluminium with relative atomic mass 26.98153 and nuclear spin (5)/2.


aluminium-26 atom

The radioactive isotope of aluminium with relative atomic mass 25.986892 and half-life of 717,000 years.


aluminium-28 atom

The radioactive isotope of aluminium with relative atomic mass 27.981910 and half-life of 2.25 min.


phosphorus-31 atom

The stable isotope of phosphorus with relative atomic mass 30.973762 and nuclear spin (1)/2.


phosphorus-33 atom

The radioactive isotope of phosphorus with relative atomic mass 32.971725, half-life of 25.34 days and nuclear spin (1)/2.


silicon-29 atom

The stable isotope of silicon with relative atomic mass 28.9764947, 4.683 atom percent natural abundancy, and nuclear spin (1)/2.


silicon-28 atom

The stable isotope of silicon with relative atomic mass 27.9769265. The most abundant (92.23 atom percent) isotope of naturally occurring silicon.


silicon-30 atom

The stable isotope of silicon with relative atomic mass 29.9737702. The least abundant (3.09 atom percent) isotope of naturally occurring silicon.


silicon-31 atom

The radioactive isotope of silicon with relative atomic mass 30.975363, half-life of 2.62 hours and nuclear spin (3)/2.


silicon-32 atom

The radioactive isotope of silicon with relative atomic mass 31.974148. The longest-lived silicon radionuclide with half-life of 172 years.


sulfur-32 atom

The stable isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 31.972071. The most abundant (95.02 atom percent) isotope of naturally occurring sulfur.


sulfur-33 atom

The stable isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 32.9714585, 0.75 atom percent natural abundance, and nuclear spin (3)/2.


sulfur-34 atom

The stable isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 33.9678668 and 4.21 atom percent natural abundance.


sulfur-36 atom

The stable isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 35.9670809. The least abundant (0.02 atom percent) isotope of naturally occurring sulfur.


sulfur-35 atom

The radioactive isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 34.9690322 and nuclear spin (3)/2. The longest-lived sulfur radionuclide with half-life of 87.5 days.


sulfur-37 atom

The radioactive isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 36.9711257 and  half-life of 5.05 min.


sulfur-38 atom

The radioactive isotope of sulfur with relative atomic mass 37.97116 and half-life of 170.3 min.


A glycodiaosylceramide having 3-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the disaccharide component and N-acylsphingosine as the sphingoid base.


METRIBOLONE

A synthetic non-aromatisable androgen and anabolic steroid. It binds strongly to the androgen receptor and has therefore also been used as an affinity label for this receptor in the prostate and in prostatic tumors.


organic thiosulfate

The organic ester of thiosulfuric acid.


homopolymer macromolecule

A macromolecule derived from one species of (real, implicit or hypothetical) monomer.


LITHOGLYCOCHOLATE

The glycine conjugate of lithocholic acid.


uniconazole

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of uniconazole-P and its enantiomer, (R)-uniconazole.


Any aminopurine that has amino substituents at positions 2 and 6, and their substituted derivatives.


azapropazone

A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazine bearing a dimethylamino substitutent at position 3 and a methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the nitrogens at positions 1 and 2 are both acylated by a carboxy group of propylmalonic acid.


3-sulfolactic acid

The C-sulfonato derivaive of lactic acid.


cyanuric acid

The enol tautomer of isocyanuric acid.


L-mannitol

The L-enantiomer of mannitol.


carbotricyclic compound

A carbopolyclic compound comprising of three carbocyclic rings.


Cy5-bifunctional dye

An iminium betaine derived from a Cy5 dye.


A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent that is cyclohexane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 3 and 5 are replaced by oxygen atoms.


Cy3-monofunctional dye(1-)

An organosulfonate oxoanion derived from a Cy3 dye.


Cy3-bifunctional dye(1-)

An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of Cy3-bifunctional dye zwitterion.


alpha-hydroxyglycine

A hydroxy-amino acid that is glycine substituted by a hydroxy group at the alpha-position.


triazine

Any of three isomers generated by replacing three of the carbon atoms of benzene with nitrogen atoms.


Compounds based on a triazine skeleton.


PROPAZINE

A  diamino-1,3,5-triazine that is N,N'-di(propan-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine substituted by a chloro group at position 6.


CYANAZINE

A chloro-1,3,5-triazine that is 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine substituted by an ethyl amino and a (2-cyanopropan-2-yl)amino group at positions 6 and 4 respectively.


anti-arrhythmia drug

A drug used for the treatment or prevention of cardiac arrhythmias. Anti-arrhythmia drugs may affect the polarisation-repolarisation phase of the action potential, its excitability or refractoriness, or impulse conduction or membrane responsiveness within cardiac fibres.


polypyrrole

A compound composed of two or more pyrrole units.


malonate ester

An ester of malonic acid; any compound containing a malonate ester skeleton.


sulfoximide

Compounds having the structure RS(=O)=NR.


A gamma-lactone that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran in which the hydrogens at position 1 are replaced by an oxo group.


sultone

An intramolecular cyclic ester of a hydroxy sulfonic acid, analogous to lactone.


15-hydroxy steroid

A hydroxy steroid carrying a hydroxy group at position 15.


spirostanyl glycoside

Any steroid saponin that consists of a spirostan and its substituted derivatives  as the aglycone moiety.


cardenolide glycoside

Any member of the class of cardenolides with glycosyl residues attached to position 3.


arenesulfonate ester

An organosulfonic ester resulting from the formal condensation of an arenesulfonic acid with the hydroxy group of an alcohol, enol, phenol or heteroarenol.


azulenes

Any carbobicyclic compound whose skeleton consists of a cyclopentane ring ortho-fused to a cycloheptane ring.


calixarenes

Originally macrocyclic compounds capable of assuming a basket (or "calix") shaped conformation. They are formed from p-hydrocarbyl phenols and formaldehyde. The term now applies to a variety of derivatives by substitution of the hydrocarbon cyclo{oligo[(1,3-phenylene)methylene]}.


benzenesulfinate

An organosulfinate that is the conjugate base of benzenesulfinic acid obtained by deprotonation of the sulfinic acid group.


organonitrogen heterocyclic compound

Any organonitrogen compound containing a cyclic component with nitrogen and at least one other element as ring member atoms.


oxacycle

Any organic heterocyclic compound containing at least one ring oxygen atom.


azetidine-2-carboxylic acid

An  azetidinecarboxylic acid that is azetidine substituted by a carboxy group at position 2. It is a plant non-protein amino acid.


acyl fluoride

A compound consisting of an acyl group bonded to fluorine.


dialdehyde

Any aldehyde with two aldehyde groups.


thiocarbamic ester

Any organonitrogen compound with formula RS-C(=X)NH2 where X = O (monothiocarbamic esters) or S (dithiocarbamic esters), or their N-substituted derivatives.


monothiocarbamic ester

A thiocarbamic ester formally derived from a monothiocarbamic acid.


dithiocarbamic ester

Any ester derived from a member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids by formal replacement of the -SH group by -SR, where R is an organyl group.


lactol

Cyclic hemiacetals formed by intramolecular addition of a hydroxy group to an aldehydic or ketonic carbonyl group. They are thus 1-oxacycloalkan-2-ols or unsaturated analogues.


indanone

An ortho-fused bicyclic compound consisting of a benzene ring fused to a cyclopentanone.


naphthalenediol

A class of naphthalenediols that consists solely of naphthelene with any two of its hydrogens replaced by hydroxy groups. A 'closed class'.


A naphthylmethanol that is methanol in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a naphthalen-1-yl group.


naphthylmethanol

A primary alcohol that is methanol in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a naphthyl or a substituted naphthyl group.


A cis-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol with a (1S,2R)-configuration.


A trans-1,2-dihydronaphthalene-1,2-diol with a (1R,2R)-configuration.


A dihydronaphthalene hydrogenated at C-1 and C-2.


cardiotonic drug

A drug that has a strengthening effect on the heart or that can increase cardiac output.


A  dihydrojasmonic acid that is 9,10-dihydrojasmonic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 11 (the 1R,2R-stereoisomer).


3-hydroxymugineic acid

A mugineic acid derivative consisting of mugineic acid having hydroxy group at the 3-position.


chelator

A ligand with two or more separate binding sites that can bind to a single metallic central atom, forming a chelate.


PHYSCION

A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone bearing hydroxy substituents at positions 1 and 8, a methoxy group at position 3, and a methyl group at position 6. It has been widely isolated and characterised from both terrestrial and marine sources.


A member of the class of 1,3,5-triazines that is 1,3,5-triazine substituted by at least one chloro group at unspecified position.


Any member of the class of 1,3,5-triazines that consists of a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton substituted by two amino groups.


1,3,5-triazinylamino nitrile

Any diamino-1,3,5-triazine in which the amino group is substituted by at least one cyano group.


Any member of the class of 1,3,5-triazines substituted by at least one methoxy group.


pyridinemonocarboxylate

A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of a pyridinemonocarboxylic acid. A 'closed class'.


monohydroxypyridine

A hydroxypyridine carrying a single hydroxy substituent.


picolinate

A pyridinemonocarboxylate resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of picolinic acid.


isonicotinate

A pyridinemonocarboxylate resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of isonicotinic acid.


hydroxymethylpyridine

Any member of the class of  pyridines carrying a hydroxymethyl substituent at unspecified position.


furopyridine

An organic heterobicyclic compound whose skeleton consists of a furan ring ortho-fused to a pyridine ring.


ASTILBIN

A flavanone glycoside that is (+)-taxifolin substituted by a alpha-L-rhamnosyl moiety at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage.


bacteriochlorophyll

Chlorophylls of photosynthetic bacteria.


chlorophyllide

Chlorophylls lacking the terpenoid side chain such as phytyl or farnesyl.


aminopyridine

Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups.


aminonaphthalenesulfonic acid

A naphthalenesulfonic acid having at least one amino substituent.


MONURON

A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a p-chlorophenyl group while the other is substituted by two methyl groups.


calcium channel blocker

One of a class of drugs that acts by selective inhibition of calcium influx through cell membranes or on the release and binding of calcium in intracellular pools.


fumonisin B1

A diester that results from the condensation of the 1-carboxy groups of two molecules of propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid with hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 of (2S,3S,5R,10R,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,5,10,14,15-pentol.


fumonisin

A family of toxins produced by several species of Fusarium moulds which occur mainly in maize.


FUMONISIN B2

A fumonisin that is (2S,3S,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,14,15-triol in which the hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 have each been esterified by condensation with the 1-carboxy group of 3-carboxyglutaric acid (giving a 3-carboxyglutarate ester group with R configuration in each case).


macrophomic acid

A methoxybenzoic acid having a single methoxy group at the 3-position together with acetyl and methyl substituents at the 4- and 5-positions respectively.


macrophomate

A methoxybenzoate having a single methoxy group at the 3-position together with acetyl and methyl substituents at the 4- and 5-positions respectively.


solanapyrone

Mycotoxins produced by causal fungi of potato early blight Alternaria solani and chick pea blight Ascochyta rabiei.


prosolanapyrone I

A prosolanapyrone bearing a methyl substituent at position 3 of the pyrone ring.


prosolanapyrone

A member of the class of 2-pyranones that is 2H-pyran-2-one substituted at position 2 by a methyl, hydroxymethyl, or carbaldehyde group, at position 4 by a methoxy group, and at position 6 by a (1E,7E,9E)-undeca-1,7,9-trien-1-yl group. Prosolanapyrones are biosynthetic precursors for solanapyrones.


prosolanapyrone II

A prosolanapyrone that is prosolanapyrone I in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl substituent at position 3 of the pyrone ring is substituted by a hydroxy group.


An optically active form of 1-hydroxylimonen-2-one having (1S,4R)-configuration.


phorbine

A cyclic tetrapyrrole that consists of porphyrin that has a cyclopentane ring fused to one of the pyrrole rings and the adjacent methine group. The parent of the class of phorbines.


pyrrolidines

Any of a class of heterocyclic amines having a saturated five-membered ring.


2-amino-3-hydroxybutanoic acid

An alpha-amino acid that is butanoic acid substituted by an amino group at position 2 and a hydroxy group at position 3.


2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid

A branched chain amino acid that consists of 3-methylpentanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.


CARVONE

A p-menthane monoterpenoid that consists of cyclohex-2-enone having methyl and isopropenyl substituents at positions 2 and 5, respectively.


O-beta-D-glucosyl-trans-zeatin

The trans-isomer of O-beta-D-glucosylzeatin.


boronic acid

The simplest boronic acid, consisting of borane with two of the hydrogens substituted by hydroxy groups.


borinic acid

The simplest borinic acid, consisting of borane with one of the hydrogens substituted by a hydroxy group.


boronic acids

Compounds having the structure RB(OH)2.


borinic acids

Compounds having the structure RR'BOH.


organoboron compound

A compound containing at least one carbon-boron bond.


carborane

A class of boron compound of general formula [(CH)a(BH)mHb](c)  where c can be positive, negative or zero. The CH groups occupy polyhedron vertices, and other hydrogen atoms are either bridging or terminal.


(R)-columbianetin

The (R)-(-)-enantiomer of columbianetin.


L-ascorbate

The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.


vernolic acid

A monounsaturated epoxy fatty acid composed of cis-9-octadecenoic acid having a 12,13-epoxy group.


CAMPHENE

A monoterpene with a bicyclic skeleton that is bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2 and a methylidene group at position 3. It is a widespread natural product found in many essential oils.


(-)-vernolic acid

An optically active form of vernolic acid having (12R,13S)-configuration.


imidazolyl carboxylic acid

Any member of the class of imidazoles in which the imidazole ring is substituted by one (or more) carboxy group(s).


diazines

Any organic heterocyclic compound containing a benzene ring in which two of the C-H fragments have been replaced by isolobal nitrogens (the diazine parent structure).


usnic acid

A member of the class of  dibenzofurans that is dibenzo[b,d]furan-1(9bH)-one substituted by acetyl groups at positions 2 and 6, hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 and methyl groups at positions 8 and 9b.


MESOTRIONE

An aromatic ketone that is cyclohexa-1,3-dione in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(methanesulfonyl)-2-nitrobenzoyl group.


cholinergic drug

Any drug used for its actions on cholinergic systems. Included here are agonists and antagonists, drugs that affect the life cycle of acetylcholine, and drugs that affect the survival of cholinergic neurons.


cholinergic agonist

Any drug that binds to and activates cholinergic receptors.


muscarinic agonist

Any drug that binds to and activates a muscarinic cholinergic receptor.


11-tetradecenoic acid

A tetradecenoic acid having its double bond in the 11-position.


thiazolidine

A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent comprising a five-membered ring with a sulfur at position 1 and a nitrogen at either position 2 or 3.


pyrimidone

A pyrimidine carrying one or more oxo substituents.


aminopyrimidine

A member of the class of  pyrimidines that is pyrimidine substituted by at least one amino group and its derivatives.


L-sorbose 1-phosphate

The L-stereoisomer of sorbose 1-phosphate.


An aminopyrimidine that consists of 7,8-dicarba-nido-undecaborane(11) bearing a (2,4-diamino-6-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl substituent at position 7.


An optically active form of 7-[(2,4-diamino-6-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-7,8-dicarba-nido-undecaborane(11) that has (7R)-configuration.


An optically active form of 7-[(2,4-diamino-6-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-7,8-dicarba-nido-undecaborane(11) that has (7S)-configuration.


hex-4-enoic acid

A hexenoic acid with the double bond at position 4.


SORBIC ACID

A sorbic acid having trans-double bonds at positions 2 and 4; a food preservative that can induce cutaneous vasodilation and stinging upon topical application to humans. It is the most thermodynamically stable of the four possible geometric isomers possible, as well as the one with the highest antimicrobial activity.


(2Z,4Z)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid

One of four possible geometric isomers of sorbic acid, having cis-double bonds at positions 2 and 4.


(2Z,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid

One of four possible geometric isomers of sorbic acid, having cis- and trans-double bonds at positions 2 and 4 respectively.


(2E,4Z)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid

One of four possible geometric isomers of sorbic acid, having trans- and cis-double bonds at positions 2 and 4 respectively.


6-OCTADECYNOIC ACID

An octadecynoic acid having its triple bond at position 6.


hept-6-enoic acid

A heptenoic acid with the double bond at position 6.


(E)-hept-2-enoic acid

A 2-heptenoic acid having the trans configuration.


cis-2-heptenoic acid

A 2-heptenoic acid having the cis configuration.


trans-pent-2-enoic acid

A pent-3-enoic acid in trans- configuration.


cis-pent-2-enoic acid

A pent-3-enoic acid in cis- configuration.


pent-3-enoic acid

A pentenoic acid having the double bond at position 3.


2-dodecenoic acid

A dodecenoic acid having its double bond at position 2.


cis-2-dodecenoic acid

The cis isomer of 2-dodecenoic acid.


3-dodecenoic acid

A dodecenoic acid having its double bond at position 3.


trans-3-dodecenoic acid

The trans-isomer of 3-dodecenoic acid.


9-dodecenoic acid

A dodecenoic acid having its double bond in the 9-position.


trans-dodec-9-enoic acid

A 9-dodecenoic acid having trans-configuration.


cis-9-dodecenoic acid

A 9-dodecenoic acid having cis-configuration.


trans-10-dodecenoic acid

The trans isomer of 10-dodecenoic acid.


10-dodecenoic acid

A dodecenoic acid having its double bond at position 10.


cis-10-dodecenoic acid

The cis-isomer of 10-dodecenoic acid.


9,11,13-octadecatrienoic acid

Any octadecatrienoic acid with three fully-conjugated double bonds at positions 9, 11 and 13.


(E,Z,E)-octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid

A  9,11,13-octadecatrienoic acid having its double bonds in trans, cis and trans configurations, respectively.


The all-trans isomer of 9,11,13-octadecatrienoic acid.


11,13,15-octadecatrienoic acid

Any octadecatrienoic acid with three fully-conjugated double bonds at positions 11, 13 and 15.


9,11,15-octadecatrienoic acid

Any octadecatrienoic acid with three double bonds at positions 9, 11 and 15.


9,11,14-octadecatrienoic acid

Any octadecatrienoic acid with three double bonds at positions 9, 11 and 14


Any octadecatrienoate having double bonds at positions 9, 11 and 15.


Any octadecatrienoate having double bonds at positions 9, 11 and 14.


11-octadecynoic acid

An octadecynoic acid having its triple bond at position 11.


lamenallenic acid

An allenic octadecatrienic acid having the allenic group at position 5 and a trans double bond at the 16-position.


perfluorononanoic acid

A fluoroalkanoic acid that is nonanoic acid in which all of the hydrogens in the alkyl chain are replaced by fluorines.


hexadecafluorononanoic acid

Any derivative of nonanoic acid carrying sixteen fluoro substituents.


(R)-laballenic acid

The (R)-enantiomer of laballenic acid.


(S)-laballenic acid

The (S)-enantiomer of laballenic acid.


(R)-lamenallenic acid

The (R)-enantiomer of lamenallenic acid.


flavonol 3-O-D-galactoside

A glycosyloxyflavone that is flavonol substituted by a beta-D-galactopyranosyl moiety at position 3 vis a glycosidic linkage.


An N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminide having a 4-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position.


muconic acid

A hexadienedioic acid with unsaturation at positions 2 and 4.


chloromuconic acid

A chlorocarboxylic acid that is muconic acid substituted by at least one chloro group.


(S)-lamenallenic acid

The (S)-enantiomer of lamenallenic acid.


arsoles

Any of several substituted analogues of the parent compound arsole.


3-chloromuconic acid

A monochloromuconic acid carrying a chloro group at position 3.


monochloromuconic acid

Any chloromuconic acid substituted by a single chloro substituent at unspecified position.


muconic semialdehyde

An aldehydic acid derived obtained by conversion of one of the carboxy groups of any muconic acid to the corresponding aldehyde.


N-acetyl-D-glucosaminate

A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from deprotonation of the carboxy group of N-acetyl-D-glucosaminic acid; major species at pH 7.3.


N-acetyl-D-galactosaminic acid

A carbohydrate acid derivative comprising D-galactonic acid having the 2-hydroxy group replaced by acetamido.


METHOXYFENOZIDE

A carbohydrazide that is hydrazine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by 3-methoxy-2-methylbenzoyl, 3,5-dimethylbenzoyl,  and tert-butyl groups respectively.


TEBUFENOZIDE

A carbohydrazide that is hydrazine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by tert-butyl, 3,5-dimethylbenzoyl and 4-ethylbenzoyl groups respectively. It is an insecticide used widely against caterpillars.


oxindoles

Any member of the class of indolones whose structure is based on an oxindole (2-indolone) skeleton.


methylindole

Any member of the class of indoles carrying one or more methyl substituents.


imidazolyl carboxylic acid anion

A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of an imidazolyl carboxylic acid.


AZADIRACHTIN-B

A member of the class of azadirachtin found in the neem tree, Azadirachta indica.


ACETONITRILE

A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group.


azadirachtin

A family of terpenoids isolated from the neem tree (Azadirachta indica).


formamidine

The smallest member of the class of carboxamidines being formic acid with the O and OH groups from the carboxy function replaced by NH and NH2 groups respectively. The parent of the class of formamidines.


ergoline

An indole alkaloid whose structural skeleton is found in many naturally occurring and synthetic ergolines which are known to bind to neurotransmitter receptors, such as dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin receptors and function as unselective agonists or antagonists at these receptors.


A member of the class of  phenols carrying an isopropyl group at position 2.


METHIOCARB

A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the phenolic group of 3,5-dimethyl-4-(methylsulfanyl)phenol with the carboxy group of  methylcarbamic acid.


name: isoquinoline alkaloid fundamental parent


benzophenanthridine alkaloid

A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family.


name: quinolizidine alkaloid fundamental parent


hydrazone

Compounds having the structure R2C=NNR2, formally derived from aldehydes or ketones by replacing =O by =NNH2 (or substituted analogues).


A trisubstituted guanidine, carrying 4-cyanophenyl, diphenylmethyl and carboxymethyl substituents, which is known to act as a highly potent sweetening agent.


DIMETHYLCARBATE

An amino acid consisting of carbamic acid having two methyl substituents both attached to the nitrogen.


rosuvastatin

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).


CONFERTIN

A pseudoguaianolide that is decahydroazuleno[6,5-b]furan-2(3H)-one substituted by an oxo group at position 5, methyl groups at positions 4a and 8 and a methylidene group at position 3. It has been isolated from the aerial parts of Inula hupehensis.


fluvastatin

A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (3R,5S)- and (3S,5R)-fluvastatin. An HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, it is used (often as the corresponding sodium salt) to reduce triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol, and increase HDL-chloesterol, in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia.


FLUVASTATIN

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is N-isopropylindole which is substituted at position 3 by a p-fluorophenyl group and at position 2 by a 6-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxyhex-1-en-1-yl group. It has four possible diastereoisomers.


fluvastatin

A (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid diastereoisomer in which the stereocentres beta- and delta- to the carboxy group have R and S configuration, respectively. The drug fluvastatin is an equimolar mixture of this compound and its enantiomer.


A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (3R,5R)- and (3S,5S)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid.


A (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid diastereoisomer in which both chiral centres have R configuration.


A (6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid diastereoisomer in which both chiral centres have S configuration.


trimethacarb

A reaction product comprising from 3.5 to 5 parts by mass of 3,4,5-trimethylphenyl methylcarbamate [CHEBI:38894] to 1 part by mass of 2,3,5-trimethylphenyl methylcarbamate [CHEBI:38893].


A member of the class of  phenols that phenol substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 5.


ferroheme

Any iron(II)--porphyrin coordination complex.


ferriheme

Any iron(III)--porphyrin coordination complex.


triazamate

A triazole insecticide that is 1H-1,2,4-triazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3, and 5 by N,N-dimethylaminocarbonyl, tert-butyl, and (2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)sulfanediyl groups, respectively.


difluorobenzene

Any member of the class of fluorobenzenes containing a mono- or poly-substituted benzene ring carrying two fluorine atoms.


A difluorobenzene carrying fluoro groups at positions 1 and 2.


A difluorobenzene carrying fluoro groups at positions 1 and 3.


hexafluorobenzene

A member of the class of fluorobenzenes that is benzene in which all six hydrogen atom have been replaced by fluorine.


ACEQUINOCYL

An acetate ester consisting of 1,4-naphthoquinone bearing acetoxy and dodecyl substituents at positions 2 and 3 respectively.


pyrazolide

An organic anion with formula C3H3N2 resulting from the removal of a proton from 1H, 3H, or 4H-pyrazole.


An  aminopyrimidine carrying an amino group at position 2.


name: EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor

description: An EC 1.4.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH2 group, oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of monoamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4).


diazine

The parent structure of the diazines.


TOLFENPYRAD

An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-chloro-3-ethyl-1-methylpyrazole-5-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 1-[4-(4-methylphenoxy)phenyl]methylamine.


A hydroxypyrimidine that is pyrimidine substituted by an isopropyl group at position 2, a methyl group at position 6 and a hydroxy group at position 4.


membrane transport modulator

Any agent that affects the transport of molecular entities across a biological membrane.


sodium channel blocker

An agent that inhibits sodium influx through cell membranes.


A  methyladenine that is adenine substituted with a methyl group at position N-3.


SPIROMESIFEN

A butenolide that is but-2-en-4-olide bearing a 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl group at position 3, a 3,3-dimethylbutyryloxy group at position 4 and a spiro-fused cyclopentyl ring at position 5.


T-BUTYLACETIC ACID

A dimethylbutyric acid in which both methyl substituents are at C3; used as an intermediate in the synthesis of medicines and agricultural chemicals.


dimethylbutyric acid

Any compound comprising a butyric acid skeleton carrying two methyl components.


DIMEBUTIC ACID

A branched-chain fatty acid and metabolite of the lactone prodrug simvastatin, whose sodium salt is potentially useful for the treatment of thalassaemias and haemoglobinopathies.


2,3-dimethylbutyric acid

A branched C4 short-chain fatty acid carrying two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 3. The methyl group at the 2-position confers chirality, hence the compound has two possible enantiomers.


(R)-2,3-dimethylbutyric acid

The (R)-enantiomer of 2,3-butyric acid.


(S)-2,3-dimethylbutyric acid

The (S)-enantiomer of 2,3-dimethylbutyric acid.


methylbutyric acid

A methyl-branched fatty acid comprising a butyric acid core carrying a single methyl substituent.


(S)-2-methylbutyric acid

The (S)-enantiomer of 2-methylbutanoic acid.


organochlorine pesticide

Any organochlorine compound that has been used as a pesticide.


organochlorine acaricide

Any organochlorine pesticide that has been used as an acaricide.


BIFENAZATE

A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of 2-(4-methoxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)hydrazinecarboxylic acid with 2-propanol.


DISULFOTON

An organic thiophosphate that is the diethyl ester of S-[2-(ethylsulfanyl)ethyl] dihydrogen phosphorodithioate.


ETHION

An organic thiophosphate that is S,S'-methanediyl bis[dihydrogen (phosphorodithioate)] in which all the hydroxy groups have been converted to their corresponding ethyl esters respectively. Ethion is an organophosphate insecticide with inhibitory activity towards the enzyme acetylcholinesterase ( EC 3.1.1.7).


flavans

Any flavonoid with a 3,4-dihydro-2-aryl-2H-1-benzopyran skeleton and its substituted derivatives.


aminochromene

Any chromene bearing one or more substituted or unsubstituted amino groups.


fluorobiphenyl

Any member of the class of  biphenyls that is a mono or poly-substituted biphenyl having fluro group as one of the substituents.


A C-nitro compound in which the nitro group is attached at C-4 of m-cresol.


tetrahydroxyflavone

Any hydroxyflavone carrying four hydroxy substituents.


PROPYLENE OXIDE

An epoxide that is oxirane substituted by a methyl group at position 2.


dihydroxyflavone

Any hydroxyflavone in which two ring hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy substituents.


monohydroxyflavone

A hydroxyflavone carrying a single hydroxy substituent.


FLAVANE

The simplest member of the class of flavans that is chromane substituted by a phenyl group at position 2.


anthocyanidin

Any  flavonoid that is a salt containing flavylium ion or 2-phenylchromenylium skeleton and its substituted derivatives together with an appropriate counterion.  Aglycons of anthocyanins, they form a part of the large group of planr pigments.


anthocyanidin chloride

An organic chloride salt of any anthocyanidin.


anthocyanin chlorides

An organic chloride salt of any anthocyanin.


isopropyl salicylate

A benzoate ester that is the isopropyl ester of salicylic acid.


carboxylic acid dianion

Any dianion containing at least one carboxy group.


carboxylic acid trianion

A trianion containing at least one carboxy group.


MECARBAM

An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-diethyl hydrogen phosphorodithioate in which the hydrogen attached to a sulfur is replaced by a 2-[(ethoxycarbonyl)(methyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl group.


METHAMIDOPHOS

An organic thiophosphate resulting from the N-deacylation of the proinsecticide acephate.


pentamethoxyflavone

A methoxyflavone that is flavone substituted by a five methoxy groups.


MONOCROTOPHOS

An alkenyl phosphate that is the 4-(methylamino)-4-oxobut-2-en-2-yl ester of dimethyl phosphate.


NALED

An dialkyl phosphate resulting from the formal condensation of the acidic hydroxy group of dimethyl hydrogen phosphate with the alcoholic hydroxy group of 1,2-dibromo-2,2-dichloroethanol. An organophosphate insecticide, it is no longer approved for use within the European Union.


A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from formal condensation between mercaptoacetic acid and methylamine.


A benzodioxole consisting of a benzene ring substituted by a the methylenedioxy group.


monomethoxyflavanone

Any methoxyflavanone that is flavanone substituted by a methoxy group.


trihydroxyflavanone

A hydroxyflavanone carrying three hydroxy substituents.


isoflavan

The simplest member of the class of isoflavans that is chromane substituted by a phenyl substituent at position 3.


isoflavanones

Members of the class of isoflavans that have a 3,4-dihydro-3-aryl-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one skeleton and its substituted derivatives.


tetrahydroxyflavanone

A hydroxyflavanone with at least four hydroxy substituents.


dimethoxyflavanone

A methoxyflavanone that is flavanone with two methoxy substituents.


METHYL PARATHIONE

A C-nitro compound that is  4-nitrophenol substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)oxy group at position 4.


TAXIFOLIN

A pentahydroxyflavanone that is the 2,3-dihydro derivative of quercetin.


monohydroxyflavanone

Any hydroxyflavanone carrying a single hydroxy substituent.


dihydroxyflavanone

Any  hydroxyflavanone carrying two hydroxy substituents.


coprine

A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-glutamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amide nitrogen is replaced by a 1-hydroxycyclopropyl group. Found in the ink-cap mushroom, Coprinus atramentarius, it causes an unpleasant hypersensitivity to alcohol (the 'disulfiram effect').


ethyl hydroxy(phenyl)acetate

The ethyl ester of mandelic acid.


triamine

Any polyamine that contained three amino groups.


hydroxyisoflavone

Member of the class of isoflavones bearing at least one hydroxy group.


methoxyisoflavone

Members of the class of isoflavones with at least one methoxy substituent.


isoflavones

Any isoflavonoid with a 3-aryl-1-benzopyran-4-one (3-aryl-4H-chromen-4-one) skeleton and its substituted derivatives.


ISOCOUMARIN

The simplest member of the class of isocoumarins that is 1H-isochromene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 1.


MELLEIN

An isochromane that is 3,4-dihydroisocoumarin bearing methyl and hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 8 respectively.


cinnolines

Any  organic heteropolycyclic compound based on the 1,2-diaza analogue of naphthalene and its substituted derivatives.


quinolinemonocarboxylate

A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the monoanion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group attached to the quinoline skeleton


monohydroxyquinoline

A hydroxyquinoline carrying a single hydroxy substituent.


N-nitro compound

A compound having the nitro group (-NO2) attached to a nitrogen atom.


oxetanes

Any oxacycle that is oxetane or its substituted derivatives.


perflubron

A haloalkane that is perfluorooctane in which a fluorine attached to one of the terminal carbons has been replaced by a bromine.


calcium channel agonist

Agents that increase calcium influx into calcium channels of excitable tissues.


N-acetyl-L-tyrosylglycylglycine

A tripeptide consisting of AcTyrGlyGly.


BENZO[D]OXAZOLE

A benzoxazole in which the benzene ring is fused to a 1,3-oxazole ring across positions 4 and 5.


N-(hydroxymethyl)phthalimide

A primary alcohol comprising phthalimide carrying an N-hydroxymethyl substituent.


PHTHALIMIDE

A  dicarboximide that is 2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindole substituted by oxo groups at positions 1 and 3.


quinoxaline antifungal agent

A compound that has significant antifungal properties whose structure contains a quinoxaline moiety.


quinoxaline pesticide

A quinoxaline derivative that has pesticidal properties.


fluorocarbon

Compounds consisting wholly of fluorine and carbon.


A member of the class of benzofurans consisting of a 1-benzofuran skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.


benzofurochromene

An organic heteropolycyclic compound whose skeleton consists of a chromene ring fused onto a 1-benzofuran ring, together with their substituted derivatives.


CORILAGIN

An ellagitannin with a hexahydroxydiphenoyl group bridging over the 3-O and 6-O of the glucose core.


PIRIMIPHOS METHYL

An  organic thiophosphate that is O,O-dimethyl O-pyrimidin-4-yl phosphorothioate substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and a diethylamino group at position 2.


phenoxyacetate

A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of phenoxyacetic acid.


perflunafene

A fluorocarbon that is decalin in which every hydrogen is replaced by fluorine. Capable of dissolving large quantities of oxygen, it has been used as the basis of an artificial blood substitute.


A halophenol that is phenol in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 4 have been replaced by chlorine and bromine, respectively.


decalin

An ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon that is the decahydro- derivative of naphthalene.


perfluorotributylamine

An  organofluorine compound that is  tributylamine in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by fluorine atoms.


A monochlorophenol carrying the chloro substituent at position 3.


trans-decalin

The trans-stereoisomer of decalin.


anaesthetic

Substance which produces loss of feeling or sensation.


isopropyl 3-hydroxybut-2-enoate

An isopropyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-hydroxybut-2-enoic acid with isopropanol.


(-)-coronaridine

A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid with formula C21H26N2O2. It is isolated from the flowering plant genus, Tabernaemontana.


An organofluorine compound that is perfluorooctane in which a fluorine from each of the terminal trifluoromethyl groups has been replaced by a chlorine.


PROTHIOFOS

An organic thiophosphate that is the 2,4-dichlorophenyl ester of O-ethyl S-propyl dithiophosphoric acid.


A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a phenyl group at position 1.


tripropylamine

A tertiary amine that is ammonia in which each hydrogen atom is substituted by a propyl group.


DIPHENYLMETHANE

A diarylmethane that is methane substituted by two phenyl groups.


A hydroxyquinoxaline that consists of quinoxaline having a single hydroxy substituent located at position 2.


2,3,5-trimethylphenyl methylcarbamate

A carbamate ester that consists of 2,3,5-trimethylphenol carrying an O-(N-methylcarbamoyl) group. One of two constituents of trimethacarb.


3,4,5-trimethylphenyl methylcarbamate

A carbamate ester that consists of 3,4,5-trimethylphenol carrying an O-(N-methylcarbamoyl) group. One of two constituents of trimethacarb.


A phenol that consists of 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene having a single phenolic hydroxy substituent located at position 5.


trimethyl borate

A member of the class of borate esters obtained by the formal condensation of three equivalents of methanol with boric acid.


borate esters

Esters of boric acid.


triethyl borate

A member of the class of borate esters obtained by the formal condensation of three equivalents of ethanol with boric acid.


ACTH

A polypeptide hormone produced and secreted by the pituitary gland comprising 39 amino acid residues coupled in a linear sequence. The N-terminal 24-amino acid segment is identical in all species and contains the adrenocorticotrophic activity. Corticotropin stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland and boosts the synthesis of corticosteroids, mainly glucocorticoids but also sex steroids (androgens). It is used in the treatment of certain neurological disorders such as infantile spasms and multiple sclerosis, and diagnostically to investigate adrenocortical insufficiency.


dibenzofurans

Any organic heterotricyclic compound based on a dibenzofuran skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof.


pyridopyrimidine

Any organic heterobicyclic compound consisting of a pyridine ring ortho-fused at any position to a pyrimidine ring.


amoscanate

An isothiocyanate that is phenyl isothiocyanate in which the hydrogen at the para- position has been replaced by a 4-nitroanilinyl group.


amocarzine

A thiourea resulting from the formal condensation of the secondary amino group of 1-methylpiperazine and the primary amino group of N-(4-nitrophenyl)benzene-1,4-diamine with carbonothioic O,O-acid.


CHIMONANTHINE

The (3aR,3a'R,8aR,8a'R)-stereoisomer of chimonanthine.


TEMEFOS

An organic sulfide that is diphenyl sulfide in which the hydrogen at the para position of each of the phenyl groups has been replaced by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)oxy group.


chimonanthine

A ring assembly that is 2,2',3,3',8,8',8a,8a'-octahydro-1H,1'H-3a,3a'-bipyrrolo[2,3-b]indole substituted by methyl groups at positions 1 and 1'.


indole alkaloid

An alkaloid containing an indole skeleton.


DIPHENYLSULFANE

An  aryl sulfide that consists of two phenyl groups connected by a sulphur atom.


calycanthaceous alkaloid

Any indole alkaloid obtained by the oxidative coupling two indole nuclei at the beta-position. Found commonly in the plants of the family calycanthaceae.


methylbenzene

Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups.


alkylbenzene

A  monocyclic arene that is benzene substituted with one or more alkyl groups.


tetramethylbenzene

Any methylbenzene that is benzene substituted by four methyl groups at unspecified positions.


durene

A tetramethylbenzene carrying methyl groups at positions 1, 2, 4 and 5.


boranylidene

The species :BR containing an electrically neutral univalent boron atom with two formally non-bonding electrons.


vamidothion

An organic thiophosphate that is N-methyl-2-[(2-sulfanylethyl)sulfanyl]propanamide in which the thiol group has been converted into the corresponding O,O-dimethyl thiophoshate. Formerly used as an insecticide and acaricide, it is no longer approved for use within the European Union.


anthroic acid

Any aromatic carboxylic acid that is anthracene substituted by a carboxy group at unspecified position.


prehnitene

A tetramethylbenzene that consists of benzene substituted by methyl groups at positions 1, 2, 3 and 4.


pentamethylbenzene

A methylbenzene that is benzene in which five of the hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.


COSTUNOLIDE

A germacranolide with anthelminthic, antiparasitic and antiviral activities.


HEXAMETHYLBENZENE

A methylbenzene that is benzene in which all six hydrogens have been replaced by methyl groups.


2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid

A Good's buffer substance, pKa = 6.15 at 20 degreeC.


tetracosactide

A synthetic peptide that is identical to the 24-amino acid segment at the N-terminal of adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotropin). A segment similar in all species, it contains the biological activity that stimulates production of corticosteroids in the adrenal cortex. It is used diagnostically to investigate adrenocortical insufficiency.


apolipoprotein

Protein component on the surface of lipoprotein.


inclusion compound

A complex in which one component (the host) forms a cavity or, in the case of a crystal, a crystal lattice containing spaces in the shape of long tunnels or channels in which molecular entities of a second chemical species (the guest) are located. There is no covalent bonding between guest and host, the attraction being generally due to van der Waals forces.


clathrate compound

Inclusion compound in which the guest molecule is in a cage formed by the host molecule or by a lattice of host molecules.


An organofluorine compound that is 4-methylquinolizidine in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by fluorines.


N-cyclohexylpyrrolidine

An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is pyrrolidine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a cyclohexyl group.


TES

A Good's buffer substance that is N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid or its zwitterionic form.


The zwitterionic form of TES buffer.


A Good's buffer substance, pKa = 7.15 at 20 degreeC.


A fluoroalkane that is hexadecane in which all of the hydrogen atoms at positions 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 have been replaced by fluorine atoms.


ADA

A nitrogen molecular entity with role as Good's buffer.


A dicarboxylic acid dianion that is the conjugate base of 2,2'-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)imino]diacetate(2-).


A Good's buffer substance, pKa = 6.9 at 20 degreeC.


N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methylglycine

A Good's buffer substance, pKa = 8.15 at 20 degreeC.


bicine

A Good's buffer substance that is N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine or its zwitterionic/carboxylate form.


A bicine that is amino acetate in which the nitrogen atom is substituted by 2 (2-hydroxyethyl)- groups.


coumamycin

A hydroxycoumarin antibiotic that is obtained from Streptomyces rishiriensis and exhibits potent antibacterial and anticancer activity.


MOPS

An oxygen molecular entity that acts as an excellent buffer for many biological systems at near-neutral pH.


A member of the class of MOPS that is morpholine substituted by a 3-sulfonatopropyl group at the nitrogen atom.


linkable PD173955 analogue

An analogue of PD173955 where the methylmercapto group is replaced by aminomethyl.


coumestrol

A member of the class of coumestans that is coumestan with hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 9.


linkable vandetanib analogue

An analogue of vandetanib where the N-methylpiperidin-4-yl group is replaced by 4-aminomethyl.


linkable sunitinib analogue

An analogue of sunitinib in which the 2-(diethylamino)ethyl amide group is replaced by 3-aminopropyl.


linkable staurosporine analogue

An analogue of staurosporine where the N-methyl group is replaced by a long-chain acyl group.


linkable imatinib analogue

An analogue of imatinib where the piperidine N-methyl group is replaced by 2-aminoethyl.


linkable gefitinib analogue

An analogue of gefitinib in which the morpholino group is replaced by NH2.


linkable pelitinib analogue

An analogue of pelitinib where the 4-(dimethylamino)but-2-enoyl group is replaced by 6-aminohexanoyl.


linkable Ro 320-1195 analogue

A racemic analogue of Ro 320-1195, where the terminal hydroxy group is replaced by an amino group.


sulfurous acid derivative

Any sulfur oxoacid derivative derived from sulfurous acid.


(+)-trans-chrysanthemic acid

A trans-chrysanthemic acid in which both stereocentres have R configuration.


PYRENE

An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.


bosutinib

An aminoquinoline that is 4-[(2,4-dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)amino]-7-[3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propoxy]quinoline bearing additional cyano and methoxy substituents at positions 3 and 6 respectively.


magnesium cation

Any magnesium ion that is positively charged.


Lewis acid

A molecular entity that is an electron-pair acceptor and therefore able to form a covalent bond with an electron-pair donor (Lewis base), thereby producing a Lewis adduct.


Lewis base

A molecular entity able to provide a pair of electrons and thus capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron-pair acceptor (Lewis acid), thereby producing a Lewis adduct.


A member of the class of oxopentanoates that is the conjugate base of 4-oxopentanoic acid.


mercury difulminate

An organomercury compound that is the bis(N-oxide) of mercury(II) cyanide. It is a highly shock- and friction-sensitive explosive.


5-oxopentanoic acid

An oxopentanoic acid with the oxo group in the 5-position.


chlorocyclohexane

Any chlorocycloalkane that is cyclohexane substituted by at least one chlorine group.


chlorocycloalkane

A chlorohydrocarbon that is any cycloalkane substituted by at least one chloro group.


monochlorocyclohexane

A chlorocyclohexane carrying a single chloro group.


R-NICOTINE

A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has R-configuration.


acetamiprid

A carboxamidine that is acetamidine in which the amino hydrogens are substituted by a (6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl and a methyl group while the hydrogen attached to the imino nitrogen is replaced by a cyano group.


tetramine

Any polyamine that contains four amino groups.


chloropyridyl insecticide

An organochlorine insecticide based on a chloropyridyl skeleton and its derivatives.


imidacloprid

The E-isomer of imidacloprid.


nitenpyram

A nitenpyram in which the double bond has E configuration.


A C-nitro compound consisting of 2-nitroethene-1,1-diamine where one of the nitrogens bears ethyl and (6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl while the other nitrogen carries a methyl group.


monochloropyridine

A chloropyridine in which only one chlorine is attached to the pyridine ring.


chloropyridine

Compounds containing a pyridine nucleus substituted with one or more chlorine atoms.


thiacloprid

A  nitrile that is cyanamide in which the hydrogens are replaced by a 1,3-thiazolidin-2-ylidene group which in turn is substituted by a (6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl group at the ring nitrogen.


CLOTHIANIDINE

A clothiadin that has E configuration at the C=N bond of the nitroguanidine moiety.


nitroguanidine

An N-nitro compound that is guanidine in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by a nitro group. It can exist in distinct tautomeric forms, as 1-nitroguanidine (a nitroimine) or 2-nitroguanidine (a nitroamine); in both solid and in solution, the nitroimine form predominates.


TRANSCROCETIN

A 20-carbon dicarboxylic acid which is a diterpenoid and natural carotenoid. Found in the crocus flower, it has been administered as an anti-fatigue dietary supplement.


thiamethoxam

An oxadiazane that is tetrahydro-N-nitro-4H-1,3,5-oxadiazin-4-imine bearing (2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methyl and methyl substituents at positions 3 and 5 respectively.


trithiane

An organosulfur heterocyclic compound containing a six-member aliphatic saturated heterocycle made up of three sulfur atoms and three carbon atoms.


darifenacin

2-[(3S)-1-Ethylpyrrolidin-3-yl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide in which one of the hydrogens at the 2-position of the ethyl group is substituted by a  2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl group. It is a selective antagonist for the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which is primarily responsible for bladder muscle contractions, and is used as the hydrobromide salt in the management of urinary incontinence.


thiosultap

A nereistoxin analogue insecticide that is 2-(dimethylamino)propane-1,3-dithiol with both sulfhydryls bearing sulfate groups.


phenazines

Any  organonitrogen heterocyclic compound based on a phenazine skeleton and derivatives.


dibenzopyran

Any organic heteropolycyclic compound based on a skeleton consisting of a pyran ring fused with two benzene rings.


spinosyn

A family of macrolide natural products produced by the soil microorganism Saccharopolyspora spinosa.