name: positive regulation of antisense RNA transcription

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the synthesis of antisense RNA, an RNA molecule complementary in sequence to another RNA or DNA molecule, which, by binding the latter, acts to inhibit its function and/or completion of synthesis, on a template of DNA.


cloacal septation

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The separation of the single opening of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts, the cloaca, into multiple isolated openings during development.


clathrin-sculpted vesicle

category: biolink:CellularComponent biolink:AnatomicalEntity biolink:PhysicalEssence biolink:OrganismalEntity biolink:SubjectOfInvestigation biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A clathrin-sculpted lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicle after clathrin release.


name: clathrin-sculpted glutamate transport vesicle

description: A clathrin-sculpted lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicle after clathrin release and containing glutamate.


name: clathrin-sculpted acetylcholine transport vesicle

description: A clathrin-sculpted lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicle after clathrin release and containing acetylcholine.


name: clathrin-sculpted acetylcholine transport vesicle membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-sculpted acetylcholine transport vesicle.


name: clathrin-sculpted acetylcholine transport vesicle lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the membrane of the clathrin-sculpted acetylcholine transport vesicle.


name: clathrin-sculpted glutamate transport vesicle membrane

description: The lipid bilayer surrounding a clathrin-sculpted glutamate transport vesicle.


name: clathrin-sculpted glutamate transport vesicle lumen

description: The volume enclosed by the membrane of the clathrin-sculpted glutamate transport vesicle.


cytoplasmic vesicle lumen

description: The volume enclosed by a cytoplasmic vesicle.


estrous cycle phase

description: The progression of physiological phases, occurring in the endometrium during the estrous cycle that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years. The estrous cycle is an ovulation cycle where the endometrium is resorbed if pregnancy does not occur.


diestrus

description: The estrous cycle phase which is a period of sexual quiescence and represents the phase of the mature corpus luteum.


proestrus

description: The estrous cycle phase in which there is heightened follicular activity.


estrus

description: The estrous cycle phase in which a female is sexually receptive.


metestrus

description: The estrous cycle phase in which there is subsiding follicular function.


name: regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of poly(A) tail shortening of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA. Poly(A) tail shortening is the decrease in length of the poly(A) tail of an mRNA from full length to an oligo(A) length.


name: negative regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of poly(A) tail shortening of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA. Poly(A) tail shortening is the decrease in length of the poly(A) tail of an mRNA from full length to an oligo(A) length.


name: positive regulation of nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of poly(A) tail shortening of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA. Poly(A) tail shortening is the decrease in length of the poly(A) tail of an mRNA from full length to an oligo(A) length.


endocardium formation

description: Formation of the endocardium of the heart. The endocardium is an anatomical structure comprised of an endothelium and an extracellular matrix that forms the innermost layer of tissue of the heart, and lines the heart chambers.


primitive hemopoiesis

description: A first transient wave of blood cell production that, in vertebrates, gives rise to erythrocytes (red blood cells) and myeloid cells.


definitive hemopoiesis

description: A second wave of blood cell production that, in vertebrates, generates long-term hemopoietic stem cells that continuously provide erythroid, myeloid and lymphoid lineages throughout adulthood.


hemangioblast cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the characteristics of a mature hemangioblast. Hemangioblasts are the proposed common precursor of blood and endothelial lineages.


hematopoietic stem cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a hematopoietic stem cell. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.


name: camera-type eye photoreceptor cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a photoreceptor cell in a camera-type eye.


name: camera-type eye photoreceptor cell fate commitment

description: The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a photoreceptor cell in a camera-type eye.


retinal rod cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a retinal rod cell.


name: regulation of retinal cone cell fate commitment

description: Any process that modulates the process in which a cell becomes committed to a retinal cone cell fate. Retinal cone cell fate commitment is the process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a retinal cone cell.


retinal rod cell fate commitment

description: The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a retinal rod cell. A retinal rod cell is one of the two photoreceptor subtypes in a camera-type eye.


name: regulation of retinal rod cell fate commitment

description: Any process that modulates the process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a retinal rod cell. A retinal rod cell is one of the two photoreceptor subtypes in a camera-type eye.


name: positive regulation of retinal rod cell fate commitment

description: Any process that increases the process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a retinal rod cell. A retinal rod cell is one of the two photoreceptor subtypes in a camera-type eye.


name: negative regulation of retinal cone cell fate commitment

description: Any process that increases the process in which a cell becomes committed to a retinal cone cell fate. Retinal cone cell fate commitment is the process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a retinal cone cell.


name: Notch signaling pathway involved in camera-type eye photoreceptor fate commitment

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of an extracellular ligand to a Notch receptor on the surface of the target cell that contributes to the commitment of a precursor cell to a eye photoreceptor fate.


name: phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activator activity

category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Binds to and increases the activity of phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase.


lipase activator activity

description: Binds to and increases the activity of a lipase, an enzyme that catalyzes of the hydrolysis of a lipid.


lipoprotein lipase activator activity

description: Binds to and increases the activity of a lipoprotein lipase, an enzyme that catalyzes of the hydrolysis of a lipid within a lipoprotein.


mesenchymal to epithelial transition

description: A transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity, forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell.


delamination

description: The process of negative regulation of cell adhesion that results in a cell or sheet of cells splitting off from an existing epithelial sheet.


oenocyte delamination

description: The negative regulation of cell adhesion process in which an oenocyte splits off of an existing epithelial sheet.


neuroblast delamination

description: The negative regulation of cell adhesion process in which a neuroblast splits off of a neurectodermal sheet.


lens induction in camera-type eye

description: Signaling at short range between the head ectoderm and the optic vesicle that results in the head ectoderm forming a lens.


name: regulation of mitotic spindle organization

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the microtubule spindle during a mitotic cell cycle.


name: regulation of fungal-type cell wall organization

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the fungal-type cell wall.


name: regulation of signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of pheromone-dependent signal transduction during conjugation with cellular fusion.


name: positive regulation of signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion.


name: negative regulation of signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the series signal transduction involved in conjugation with cellular fusion.


lysozyme inhibitor activity

description: Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of lysozyme.


contact inhibition

description: The series of events in which information about the density of cells in a population is received by direct cell-cell contact and is converted into a molecular signal, resulting in the cessation of cell growth or proliferation.


name: negative regulation of cell growth involved in contact inhibition

description: The negative regulation of cell growth in response to increased cell density.


name: negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in contact inhibition

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation in response to cell density.


detection of cell density

description: The series of events in which information about the density of cells in a population is received and converted into a molecular signal.


anatomical structure homeostasis

description: A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state within a defined anatomical structure of an organism, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome.


germ-line stem-cell niche homeostasis

description: A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state within the germ-line stem-cell niche. This includes control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function that allows the niche to continue to function. A gem-line stem-cell niche is an anatomical structure that regulates how germ-line stem-cells are used and saves them from depletion.


regulation of glial cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glial cell proliferation.


name: positive regulation of glial cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of glial cell proliferation.


name: negative regulation of glial cell proliferation

description: Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of glial cell proliferation.


name: regulation of N-terminal protein palmitoylation

description: Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of the covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to the N-terminal amino acid residue of a protein.


name: regulation of macromolecule metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass.


regulation of flocculation

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the non-sexual aggregation of single-celled organisms.


negative regulation of flocculation

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the non-sexual aggregation of single-celled organisms.


name: negative regulation of filamentous growth

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the process in which a multicellular organism or a group of unicellular organisms grow in a threadlike, filamentous shape.


regulation of feeding behavior

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the behavior associated with the intake of food.


name: regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a process involved in starting transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.


name: positive regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a process involved in starting transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.


name: negative regulation of N-terminal protein palmitoylation

description: Any process that decreases the rate frequency or extent of the covalent attachment of a palmitoyl group to the N-terminal amino acid residue of a protein.


regulation of respiratory burst

description: Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.


name: regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases made as a defense response ; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.


name: positive regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases made as a defense response ; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.


name: negative regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases made as a defense response ; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.


name: positive regulation of respiratory burst

description: Any process that increases the rate frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.


name: negative regulation of respiratory burst

description: Any process that decreases the rate frequency or extent of a phase of elevated metabolic activity, during which oxygen consumption increases; this leads to the production, by an NADH dependent system, of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anions and hydroxyl radicals.


name: centripetally migrating follicle cell migration

description: The cell migration process in which a follicle cell migrates as part of an epithelial sheet between the nurse cells and the oocyte. At the end of migration, they cover the anterior of the oocyte.


main body follicle cell migration

description: The ovarian follicle cell migration process in which follicle cells migrate posteriorly to form a columnar epithelium over the oocyte.


cilium assembly

description: The assembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole.


embryonic skeletal joint morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of skeletal joints are generated and organized during the embryonic phase. A skeletal joint is the connecting structure between the bones of the skeleton.


crying behavior

description: The behavior in which an organism sheds tears, often accompanied by non-verbal vocalizations and in response to external or internal stimuli.


maintenance of stationary phase

description: The homeostatic process in which a population of cells changes its metabolic activity resulting in the rate of death in the population equaling the rate of reproduction. Stationary phase can be in response to limited nutrients or a build-up of toxic substances in the environment.


name: maintenance of stationary phase in response to starvation

description: The homeostatic process in which a population of cells changes its metabolic activity resulting in the rate of death in the population equaling the rate of reproduction in response to limited nutrients in the environment.


name: maintenance of stationary phase in response to toxin

description: The homeostatic process in which a population of cells changes its metabolic activity resulting in the rate of death in the population equaling the rate of reproduction in response to a build-up of toxins in the environment.


regulation of ovulation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ovulation, the release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary.


positive regulation of ovulation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ovulation, the release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary.


negative regulation of ovulation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ovulation, the release of a mature ovum/oocyte from an ovary.


regulation of oocyte development

description: Any process that modulates the rate or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


name: positive regulation of oocyte development

description: Any process that increases the rate or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


name: negative regulation of oocyte development

description: Any process that decreases the rate or extent of the process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.


regulation of cell development

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate.


cilium-dependent cell motility

description: Cell motility due to the motion of one or more eukaryotic cilia. A eukaryotic cilium is a specialized organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole.


name: epithelial cilium movement involved in determination of left/right asymmetry

description: The movement of cilia of epithelial cells of the Left Right Organizer (LRO), also referred to as the node in mouse or the Kupffer's vesicle in zebrafish, resulting in the leftward fluid flow across the LRO and generation or transport of a signal which determines asymmetry in an organism's body plan with respect to the left and right halves.


formation of a compartment boundary

description: Formation of a lineage restriction boundary within a developing tissue which does not correspond to some morphological barrier.


compartment boundary maintenance

description: A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a compartment boundary. A compartment boundary is a lineage restriction boundary within a developing tissue which does not correspond to some morphological barrier.


transdifferentiation

description: The conversion of a differentiated cell of one fate into a differentiated cell of another fate without first undergoing cell division or reversion to a more primitive or stem cell-like fate.


long-term synaptic potentiation

description: A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the increase in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse.


long-term synaptic depression

description: A process that modulates synaptic plasticity such that synapses are changed resulting in the decrease in the rate, or frequency of synaptic transmission at the synapse.


germ plasm

description: Differentiated cytoplasm associated with a pole of an oocyte, egg or early embryo that will be inherited by the cells that will give rise to the germ line.


name: cilium movement involved in cell motility

description: Movement of cilia mediated by motor proteins that contributes to the movement of a cell.


name: regulation of cilium movement involved in cell motility

description: Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of cilium movement involved in ciliary motility.


name: regulation of cilium beat frequency involved in ciliary motility

description: Any process that modulates the frequency of cilium beating involved in ciliary motility.


regulation of sarcomere organization

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of myofibril assembly by organization of muscle actomyosin into sarcomeres. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs.


name: positive regulation of sarcomere organization

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of myofibril assembly by organization of muscle actomyosin into sarcomeres. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs.


name: negative regulation of sarcomere organization

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of myofibril assembly by organization of muscle actomyosin into sarcomeres. The sarcomere is the repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs.


regulation of cytokine activity

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the activity of a molecule that controls the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells.


name: positive regulation of cytokine activity

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the activity of a molecule that controls the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells.


name: negative regulation of cytokine activity

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the activity of a molecule that controls the survival, growth, differentiation and effector function of tissues and cells.


name: regulation of phosphatidylinositol dephosphorylation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reaction involving the removal of one or more phosphate groups from a phosphatidylinositol.


regulation of cell diameter

description: Any process that modulates the diameter of a cell, the length of a line segment that crosses through the center of a circular section through a cell.


regulation of membrane repolarization

description: Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in the polarizing direction towards the resting potential, usually from positive to negative.


name: regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization

description: Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in the polarizing direction towards the resting potential in a ventricular cardiomyocyte.


GTP cyclohydrolase I regulator activity

description: Binds to and modulates the activity of GTP cyclohydrolase I. GTP cyclohydrolase I activity catalyzes the reaction: GTP + 2 H2O = formate + 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-(erythro-1,2,3-trihydroxypropyl)-dihydropteridine triphosphate.


elastin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of elastin. Elastin is a glycoprotein which is randomly coiled and crosslinked to form elastic fibers that are found in connective tissue.


regulation of elastin catabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of elastin catabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of elastin.


name: negative regulation of elastin catabolic process

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of elastin catabolism, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of elastin.


regulation of blood vessel remodeling

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of blood vessel remodeling, the reorganization or renovation of existing blood vessels.


name: negative regulation of blood vessel remodeling

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of blood vessel remodeling, the reorganization or renovation of existing blood vessels.


name: regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity

description: Any process that modulates the activity of a ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel. The ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel catalyzes the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when a ryanodine class ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


name: negative regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity

description: Any process that decreases the activity of a ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel. The ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel catalyzes the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when a ryanodine class ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


name: positive regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity

description: Any process that increases the activity of a ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel. The ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel catalyzes the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when a ryanodine class ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


name: cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition

description: A transition where a cardiac epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.


definitive erythrocyte differentiation

description: Erythrocyte differentiation which occurs as part of the process of definitive hemopoiesis.


primitive erythrocyte differentiation

description: Erythrocyte differentiation which occurs as part of the process of primitive hemopoiesis.


rejection of self pollen

description: The recognition and rejection of self pollen by cells in the stigma, mediated by the sharing and interaction of the single locus incompatibility haplotypes.


acceptance of pollen

description: The recognition and acceptance of pollen by cells in the stigma, mediated by the sharing and interaction of the single locus incompatibility haplotypes.


head development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a head from an initial condition to its mature state. The head is the anterior-most division of the body.


head morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the head are generated and organized. The head is the anterior-most division of the body.


face development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a face from an initial condition to its mature state. The face is the ventral division of the head.


face morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the face are generated and organized. The face is the ventral division of the head.


cell chemotaxis

description: The directed movement of a motile cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).


name: cytoplasmic actin-based contraction involved in cell motility

description: The actin filament-based movement by which cytoplasmic actin filaments slide past one another resulting in a contraction that propels the cell from one place to another.


name: cytoplasmic actin-based contraction involved in forward cell motility

description: The actin filament-based movement by which cytoplasmic actin filaments slide past one another resulting in a contraction that propels the cell in the direction that has been defined as the front of the cell.


name: cytoplasmic actin-based contraction involved in rearward cell motility

description: The actin filament-based movement by which cytoplasmic actin filaments slide past one another resulting in a contraction that propels the cell in the direction that has been defined as the rear of the cell.


name: regulation of response to type II interferon

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a response to type II interferon (interferon-gamma). Response to interferon gamma is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus.


name: negative regulation of response to type II interferon

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a response to type II interferon (interferon-gamma). Response to interferon gamma is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus.


name: positive regulation of response to type II interferon

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a response to type II interferon (interferon-gamma). Response to interferon gamma is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interferon-gamma stimulus.


name: type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by interferon-gamma binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Interferon gamma is the only member of the type II interferon found so far.


name: regulation of type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of an interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of an interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway.


name: negative regulation of type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of an interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway.


name: type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by type I interferon binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.


name: regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway.


name: negative regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway.


regulation of cellular localization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity is transported to, or maintained in a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell.


photoreceptor inner segment membrane

description: The membrane surrounding the inner segment of a vertebrate photoreceptor. The photoreceptor inner segment contains mitochondria, ribosomes and membranes where opsin molecules are assembled and passed to be part of the outer segment discs.


trabecula formation

description: The process of creating a trabecula in an organ. A trabecula is a small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, which generally has a mechanical function. Trabecula are usually but not necessarily, composed of dense collagenous tissue.


liver trabecula formation

description: The process of creating a trabecula in the liver. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod.


spleen trabecula formation

description: The process of creating a trabecula in the spleen. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod.


bone trabecula formation

description: The process of creating a trabecula in the bone. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod.


heart trabecula formation

description: The process of creating a trabecula in the heart. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod.


bone development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of bone over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Bone is the hard skeletal connective tissue consisting of both mineral and cellular components.


bone morphogenesis

description: The process in which bones are generated and organized.


endochondral bone morphogenesis

description: The process in which bones are generated and organized as a result of the conversion of initial cartilaginous anlage into bone.


name: cartilage development involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage that will provide a scaffold for mineralization of endochondral bones.


cell adhesion molecule production

description: The appearance of a cell adhesion molecule due to biosynthesis or secretion.


name: regulation of cell adhesion molecule production

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cell adhesion molecule production. Cell adhesion molecule production is the appearance of a cell adhesion molecule as a result of its biosynthesis or a decrease in its catabolism.


name: negative regulation of cell adhesion molecule production

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of cell adhesion molecule production. Cell adhesion molecule production is the appearance of a cell adhesion molecule as a result of its biosynthesis or a decrease in its catabolism.


name: positive regulation of cell adhesion molecule production

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of cell adhesion molecule production. Cell adhesion molecule production is the appearance of a cell adhesion molecule as a result of its biosynthesis or a decrease in its catabolism.


response to ammonium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ammonium stimulus.


name: negative regulation of leucine import in response to ammonium ion

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of leucine import as a result of an ammonium ion stimulus. Leucine import is the directed movement of leucine into a cell or organelle.


flight

description: Self-propelled movement of an organism from one location to another through the air, usually by means of active wing movement.


flight involved in flight behavior

description: Self-propelled movement of an organism from one location to another through the air that is part of the organism's response to external or internal stimuli resulting in flight.


cranial suture morphogenesis

description: The process in which any suture between cranial bones is generated and organized.


frontal suture morphogenesis

description: The process in which the frontal suture is generated and organized.


coronal suture morphogenesis

description: The process in which the coronal suture is generated and organized.


lambdoid suture morphogenesis

description: The process in which the lambdoid suture is generated and organized.


sagittal suture morphogenesis

description: The process in which the sagittal suture is generated and organized.


name: regulation of Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway..


name: positive regulation of Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway.


name: susceptibility to T cell mediated cytotoxicity

description: The process of causing a cell to become susceptible to T cell mediated cytotoxicity.


name: regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell membrane depolarization

description: Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in the depolarizing direction away from the resting potential in an atrial cardiomyocyte.


name: regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization

description: Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in the polarizing direction towards the resting potential in an atrial cardiomyocyte.


name: regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane depolarization

description: Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in the depolarizing direction away from the resting potential in a ventricular cardiomyocyte.


mast cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation.


regulation of mast cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of mast cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation.


name: positive regulation of mast cell differentiation

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of mast cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation.


name: negative regulation of mast cell differentiation

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of mast cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation.


regulation of brood size

description: Any process that modulates brood size. Brood size is the number of progeny that survive embryogenesis and are cared for at one time.


name: cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a cardiac myoblast. A cardiac myoblast is a precursor cell that has been committed to a cardiac muscle cell fate but retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life.


name: regulation of single-stranded telomeric DNA binding

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of binding to single-stranded telomeric DNA.


name: positive regulation of single-stranded telomeric DNA binding

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of single-stranded telomeric DNA binding.


regulation of DNA strand elongation

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of DNA strand elongation. DNA strand elongation is the DNA metabolic process in which an existing DNA strand is extended by activities including the addition of nucleotides to the 3' end of the strand.


name: positive regulation of DNA strand elongation

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of DNA strand elongation. DNA strand elongation is the DNA metabolic process in which an existing DNA strand is extended by activities including the addition of nucleotides to the 3' end of the strand.


innervation

description: The process in which a nerve invades a tissue and makes functional synaptic connection within the tissue.


axonogenesis involved in innervation

description: The neurite development process that generates a long process of a neuron, as it invades a target tissue.


name: synapse assembly involved in innervation

description: The assembly of a synapse within a target tissue in which a nerve is invading.


fertilization envelope

description: A structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the egg. The fertilization envelope forms from the vitelline membrane after fertilization as a result of cortical granule release.


vitelline envelope

description: A glycoprotein-based structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the egg before fertilization.


name: regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of SMAD protein signal transduction.


name: positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of SMAD protein signal transduction.


name: negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the SMAD protein signaling pathway.


SMAD protein signal transduction

description: An intracellular signaling cassette that starts with the activation of a SMAD protein, leading to the formation of a complex with co-SMADs, which translocates to the nucleus and regulates transcription of specific target genes.


name: growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of growth hormone receptor binding to its physiological ligand.


name: growth hormone receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT

description: The process in which STAT proteins (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) are activated by members of the JAK (janus activated kinase) family of tyrosine kinases, following the binding of physiological ligands to the growth hormone receptor. Once activated, STATs dimerize and translocate to the nucleus and modulate the expression of target genes.


name: regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the growth hormone receptor signaling pathway. The growth hormone receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of growth hormone receptor binding to its physiological ligand.


name: positive regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the growth hormone receptor signaling pathway. The growth hormone receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of growth hormone receptor binding to its physiological ligand.


name: negative regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the growth hormone receptor signaling pathway. The growth hormone receptor signaling pathway is the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of growth hormone receptor binding to its physiological ligand.


calcium ion transport into cytosol

description: The directed movement of calcium ions (Ca2+) into the cytosol.


axonemal microtubule depolymerization

description: The removal of tubulin heterodimers from one or both ends of an axonemal microtubule. An axonemal microtubule is a microtubule in the axoneme of a cilium or flagellum; an axoneme contains nine modified doublet microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules.


regulation of penile erection

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of penile erection. Penile erection is the hardening, enlarging and rising of the penis which often occurs in the sexually aroused male and enables sexual intercourse. Achieved by increased inflow of blood into the vessels of erectile tissue, and decreased outflow.


positive regulation of penile erection

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of penile erection. Penile erection is the hardening, enlarging and rising of the penis which often occurs in the sexually aroused male and enables sexual intercourse. Achieved by increased inflow of blood into the vessels of erectile tissue, and decreased outflow.


negative regulation of penile erection

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate, frequency or extent of penile erection. Penile erection is the hardening, enlarging and rising of the penis which often occurs in the sexually aroused male and enables sexual intercourse. Achieved by increased inflow of blood into the vessels of erectile tissue, and decreased outflow.


name: regulation of acetylcholine metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues.


name: positive regulation of acetylcholine metabolic process

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues.


name: negative regulation of acetylcholine metabolic process

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues.


cardiac septum morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structure of a cardiac septum is generated and organized. A cardiac septum is a partition that separates parts of the heart.


ventricular septum morphogenesis

description: The developmental process in which a ventricular septum is generated and organized. A ventricular septum is an anatomical structure that separates the lower chambers (ventricles) of the heart from one another.


atrial septum morphogenesis

description: The developmental process in which atrial septum is generated and organized. The atrial septum separates the upper chambers (the atria) of the heart from one another.


name: aorta smooth muscle tissue morphogenesis

description: The process in which the structure of the smooth muscle tissue surrounding the aorta is generated and organized. An aorta is an artery that carries blood from the heart to other parts of the body.


muscle tissue morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of muscle tissue are generated and organized. Muscle tissue consists of a set of cells that are part of an organ and carry out a contractive function.


response to growth hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth hormone stimulus. Growth hormone is a peptide hormone that binds to the growth hormone receptor and stimulates growth.


yolk

description: The cytoplasmic part that serves as a nutrient reserve or energy source for the developing embryo.


yolk plasma

description: Discrete structures that partition the water-soluble portion of the yolk of oocytes and ova, which may or may not be membrane enclosed.


heart growth

description: The increase in size or mass of the heart.


regulation of heart growth

description: Any process that modulates the rate or extent of heart growth. Heart growth is the increase in size or mass of the heart.


positive regulation of heart growth

description: Any process that increases the rate or extent of heart growth. Heart growth is the increase in size or mass of the heart.


peptidyl-dipeptidase inhibitor activity

description: Binds to and stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a peptidyl-dipeptidase. Peptidyl-dipeptidase activity catalyzes the release of C-terminal dipeptides from a polypeptide chain.


foregut regionalization

description: The pattern specification process that results in the spatial subdivision of an axis or axes along the foregut to define an area or volume in which specific patterns of cell differentiation will take place.


lung field specification

description: The process that results in the delineation of a specific region of the foregut into the area in which the lung will develop.


lung morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the lung are generated and organized.


lung vasculature development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung vasculature from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the lung vasculature and ends with the mature structure. The lung vasculature is composed of the tubule structures that carry blood or lymph in the lungs.


lung connective tissue development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of lung connective tissue from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of lung connective tissue and ends with the mature structure. The lung connective tissue is a material made up of fibers forming a framework and support structure for the lungs.


lung epithelium development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lung epithelium from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of lung epithelium and ends with the mature structure. The lung epithelium is the specialized epithelium that lines the inside of the lung.


epithelium development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure.


lung saccule development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung saccule from an initial condition to its mature state. The lung saccule is the primitive gas exchange portion of the lung composed of type I and type II cells.


primary lung bud formation

description: The morphogenetic process in which the foregut region specified to become the lung forms the initial left and right buds.


lung pattern specification process

description: Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the lung, to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate.


bronchus development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a bronchus from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the bronchus and ends with the mature structure. The bronchus is the portion of the airway that connects to the lungs.


bronchus morphogenesis

description: The process in which the bronchus is generated and organized. The bronchus is the portion of the airway that connects to the lungs.


bronchiole development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a bronchiole from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the bronchiole and ends with the mature structure. A bronchiole is the first airway branch that no longer contains cartilage; it is a branch of the bronchi.


bronchiole morphogenesis

description: The process in which a bronchiole is generated and organized. A bronchiole is the first airway branch that no longer contains cartilage; it is a branch of the bronchi.


lung growth

description: The increase in size or mass of a lung. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax.


trachea development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a trachea over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.


trachea morphogenesis

description: The process in which a trachea is generated and organized. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.


trachea formation

description: The process pertaining to the initial formation of a trachea from unspecified parts. The process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the trachea is recognizable. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches.


name: epithelial tube branching involved in lung morphogenesis

description: The process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched epithelial tubes of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units.


name: branching involved in prostate gland morphogenesis

description: The process in which the branching structure of the prostate gland is generated and organized. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem.


mammary gland morphogenesis

description: The process in which anatomical structures of the mammary gland are generated and organized. Morphogenesis refers to the creation of shape. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk.


name: branching involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis

description: The process in which the branching structure of the mammary gland duct is generated and organized. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk.


name: branching involved in salivary gland morphogenesis

description: The process in which the branching structure of the salivary gland is generated and organized.


name: branching involved in open tracheal system development

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of branches in the open tracheal system are generated and organized.


name: bud outgrowth involved in lung branching

description: The process in which a region of the lung epithelium initiates an outgrowth.


name: dichotomous subdivision of terminal units involved in lung branching

description: The process in which a lung bud bifurcates.


name: bud elongation involved in lung branching

description: The process in which a bud in the lung grows out from the point where it is formed.


name: positive regulation of hindgut contraction

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction of the hindgut, the posterior part of the alimentary canal, including the rectum, and the large intestine.


name: negative regulation of hindgut contraction

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle contraction of the hindgut, the posterior part of the alimentary canal, including the rectum, and the large intestine.


name: positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction.


regulation of gastric acid secretion

description: Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of gastric secretion. Gastric secretion is the regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion.


name: positive regulation of gastric acid secretion

description: Any process that increases the rate frequency or extent of gastric secretion. Gastric secretion is the regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion.


name: negative regulation of gastric acid secretion

description: Any process that decreases the rate frequency or extent of gastric secretion. Gastric secretion is the regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion.


name: positive regulation of digestive system process

description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of a digestive system process, a physical, chemical, or biochemical process carried out by living organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.


name: negative regulation of digestive system process

description: Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of a digestive system process, a physical, chemical, or biochemical process carried out by living organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.


right lung development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a right lung from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the right lung and ends with the mature structure. The right lung is the lung which is on the right side of the anterior posterior axis looking from a dorsal to ventral aspect.


left lung development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a left lung from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the left lung and ends with the mature structure. The left lung is the lung which is on the left side of the anterior posterior axis looking from a dorsal to ventral aspect.


left lung morphogenesis

description: The process in which anatomical structures of the left lung are generated and organized.


right lung morphogenesis

description: The process in which anatomical structures of the right lung are generated and organized.


lung lobe development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung lobe from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of a lung lobe by branching morphogenesis and ends with the mature structure. A lung lobe is one of the rounded projections that compose the lung.


lung lobe morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of a lung lobe are generated and organized. A lung lobe is a projection that extends from the lung.


lung lobe formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a lung lobe from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the lobe and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. A lung lobe is a projection that extends from the lung.


pharynx development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a pharynx from an initial condition to its mature state. The pharynx is the part of the digestive system immediately posterior to the mouth.


name: activation of meiosis involved in egg activation

description: Any process that starts the inactive process of meiosis in an egg after the egg has been fertilized or physiologically activated. Eggs generally arrest in meiosis and complete the process after activation.


negative regulation of fertilization

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of fertilization. Fertilization is the union of gametes of opposite sexes during the process of sexual reproduction to form a zygote. It involves the fusion of the gametic nuclei (karyogamy) and cytoplasm (plasmogamy).


prevention of polyspermy

description: The negative regulation of fertilization process that takes place as part of egg activation, ensuring that only a single sperm fertilizes the egg.


name: positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration involved in egg activation

description: The process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol after fertilization or the physiological activation of an egg.


cortical granule exocytosis

description: The process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules contained within a cortical granule by fusion of the vesicle with the plasma membrane of a cell. A cortical granule is a specialized secretory vesicle that is released during egg activation that changes the surface of the egg to prevent polyspermy.


name: positive regulation of cortical granule exocytosis by positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cortical granule exocytosis by directing movement of calcium ions (Ca2+) into the cytosol.


cortical granule

description: A secretory vesicle that is stored under the cell membrane of an egg. These vesicles fuse with the egg plasma membrane as part of egg activation and are part of the block to polyspermy.


name: positive regulation of flagellated sperm motility involved in capacitation

description: The process in which the controlled movement of a flagellated sperm cell is initiated as part of the process required for flagellated sperm to reach fertilization competence.


name: protein localization involved in acrosome reaction

description: The actin-based process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location in the sperm as part of the acrosome reaction.


acrosomal vesicle exocytosis

description: The calcium ion regulated exocytosis which results in fusion of the acrosomal vesicle with the plasma membrane of the sperm as part of the acrosome reaction.


lung cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of a mature cell found in the lung. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


lung goblet cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a lung goblet cell. A goblet cell is a cell of the epithelial lining that produces and secretes mucins.


lobar bronchus epithelium development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lobar bronchus epithelium from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the lobar bronchus epithelium and ends with the mature structure. The lobar bronchus epithelium is the tissue made up of epithelial cells that lines the inside of the lobar bronchus.


lobar bronchus development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lobar bronchus from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the lobar bronchus and ends with the mature structure. The lobar bronchus is the major airway within the respiratory tree that starts by division of the principal bronchi on both sides and ends at the point of its own subdivision into tertiary or segmental bronchi.


lobar bronchus mesenchyme development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lobar bronchus mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the lobar bronchus mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. The lobar bronchus mesenchyme is the mass of tissue composed of mesenchymal cells in the lobar bronchus.


lung-associated mesenchyme development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung-associated mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of lung-associated mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Lung-associated mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the lung.


mesenchyme development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a mesenchymal tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mesenchymal tissue is made up of loosely packed stellate cells.


club cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a club cell. A club cell is an unciliated epithelial cell found in the respiratory and terminal bronchioles.


lung epithelial cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell that contributes to the epithelium of the lung.


name: orthogonal dichotomous subdivision of terminal units involved in lung branching morphogenesis

description: The process in which a lung bud bifurcates perpendicular to the plane of the previous bud.


name: planar dichotomous subdivision of terminal units involved in lung branching morphogenesis

description: The process in which a lung bud bifurcates parallel to the plane of the previous bud.


name: lateral sprouting involved in lung morphogenesis

description: The process in which a branch forms along the side of the lung epithelial tube.


regulation of cell projection assembly

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of cell projection assembly.


lung induction

description: The close range interaction of two or more cells or tissues that causes the cells of the foregut to change their fates and specify the development of the lung.


name: mesenchymal-endodermal cell signaling involved in lung induction

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an endodermal cell in the foregut and contributes to the formation of the lung bud.


name: inductive mesenchymal-endodermal cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an endodermal cell changing the fate of the endodermal cell.


name: cell-cell signaling involved in lung development

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another and contributes to the progression of the lung, from its initial state to the mature structure.


name: mesenchymal-epithelial cell signaling involved in lung development

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an epithelial cell and contributes to the development of the lung.


mesenchymal-endodermal cell signaling

description: Any process that mediates the transfer of information between a mesenchymal cell and an endodermal cell.


name: positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis

description: Any process that increases the rate or frequency of epithelial cell proliferation that results in the lung attaining its shape.


name: epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis

description: The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the shaping of the lung.


bud dilation involved in lung branching

description: The process in which a bud in the lung increases radially.


name: positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung bud dilation

description: Any process that increases the rate or frequency of epithelial cell proliferation that results in the lung bud increasing in size radially.


name: epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung bud dilation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells that contribute to the radial growth of a lung bud.


name: smoothened signaling pathway involved in lung development

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane Smoothened-type protein. This process contributes to lung development.


name: epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in lung development

description: The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an epidermal growth factor-type receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. This process contributes to lung development.


lung basal cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features of a mature basal cell found in the lung. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate. A basal cell is an epithelial stem cell.


type I pneumocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a type I pneumocyte. A type I pneumocyte is a flattened cell with greatly attenuated cytoplasm and a paucity of organelles.


type II pneumocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a type II pneumocyte. A type II pneumocyte is a surfactant secreting cell that contains abundant cytoplasm containing numerous lipid-rich multilamellar bodies.


prostate gland morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of a prostate gland are generated and organized.


prostatic bud formation

description: The morphogenetic process in which a region of the fetal urogenital sinus epithelium is specified to become the prostate, resulting in prostate bud outgrowth.


prostate induction

description: The close range interaction of the urogenital sinus mesenchyme and the urogenital sinus epithelium that causes the cells of the urogenital sinus epithelium to change their fates and specify the development of the prostate gland.


prostate field specification

description: The process that results in the delineation of a specific region of the urogenital sinus epithelium into the area in which the prostate gland will develop.


primary prostatic bud elongation

description: The increase in size of the prostatic bud as it forms.


name: epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostatic bud elongation

description: The multiplication of epithelial cells, contributing to the expansion of the primary prostatic bud.


name: cell migration involved in prostatic bud elongation

description: The orderly movement of epithelial cells from one site to another contributing to the elongation of the primary prostatic bud.


name: cell adhesion involved in prostatic bud elongation

description: The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules that contributes to the elongation of the primary prostatic bud.


name: activation of prostate induction by androgen receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by androgen binding to its receptor in the urogenital sinus mesenchyme that initiates prostate induction. Prostate induction is the close range interaction of the urogenital sinus mesenchyme and the urogenital sinus epithelium that causes the cells of the urogenital sinus epithelium to change their fates and specify the development of the prostate gland.


name: mesenchymal-epithelial cell signaling involved in prostate induction

description: Signaling at short range from urogenital sinus mesenchymal cells to cells of the urogenital epithelium resulting in the epithelial cells adopting a prostatic fate.


name: inductive mesenchymal to epithelial cell signaling

description: Signaling at short range from mesenchymal cells to cells of an epithelium that results in a developmental change in the epithelial cells.


prostate epithelial cord elongation

description: The developmental growth process in which solid chords of prostate epithelium increase in length.


name: dichotomous subdivision of prostate epithelial cord terminal unit

description: The process in which a prostate epithelial cord bifurcates at its end.


prostate glandular acinus development

description: The progression of a glandular acinus of the prostate gland over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The glandular acini are the saclike structures of the gland.


prostate glandular acinus morphogenesis

description: The process in which the prostate glandular acini are generated and organized. The glandular acini are the saclike structures of the gland.


name: prostate epithelial cord arborization involved in prostate glandular acinus morphogenesis

description: The branching morphogenesis process in which the prostate epithelial cords branch freely to create the structure of the prostate acini.


name: secretory columnal luminar epithelial cell differentiation involved in prostate glandular acinus development

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized epithelial cell acquires specialized features of a secretory columnal luminar epithelial cell of the prostate.


name: squamous basal epithelial stem cell differentiation involved in prostate gland acinus development

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized epithelial cell acquires specialized features of a squamous basal epithelial stem cell of the prostate.


name: smooth muscle cell differentiation involved in prostate glandular acinus development

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell of the prostate glandular acinus.


name: neuroendocrine cell differentiation involved in prostate gland acinus development

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquires specialized structural and functions of a neuroendocrine cell of the prostate gland acinus.


bronchus cartilage development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of lung cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.


bronchus cartilage morphogenesis

description: The process in which the bronchus cartilage is generated and organized. The bronchus cartilage is the connective tissue of the portion of the airway that connects to the lungs.


trachea cartilage development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the tracheal cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.


trachea cartilage morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of cartilage in the trachea are generated and organized.


cartilage morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of cartilage are generated and organized.


muscle tissue development

description: The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers.


skeletal muscle organ development

description: The progression of a skeletal muscle organ over time from its initial formation to its mature state. A skeletal muscle organ includes the skeletal muscle tissue and its associated connective tissue.


diaphragm development

description: The progression of the diaphragm over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. The diaphragm is a skeletal muscle that is responsible for contraction and expansion of the lungs.


diaphragm morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the diaphragm are generated and organized.


respiratory system development

description: The progression of the respiratory system over time from its formation to its mature structure. The respiratory system carries out respiratory gaseous exchange.


regulation of strand invasion

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of strand invasion. Strand invasion is the process in which the nucleoprotein complex (composed of the broken single-strand DNA and the recombinase) searches and identifies a region of homology in intact duplex DNA. The broken single-strand DNA displaces the like strand and forms Watson-Crick base pairs with its complement, forming a duplex in which each strand is from one of the two recombining DNA molecules.


negative regulation of strand invasion

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of strand invasion. Strand invasion is the process in which the nucleoprotein complex (composed of the broken single-strand DNA and the recombinase) searches and identifies a region of homology in intact duplex DNA. The broken single-strand DNA displaces the like strand and forms Watson-Crick base pairs with its complement, forming a duplex in which each strand is from one of the two recombining DNA molecules.


regulation of necroptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a necroptotic process, a necrotic cell death process that results from the activation of endogenous cellular processes, such as signaling involving death domain receptors or Toll-like receptors.


name: positive regulation of necroptotic process

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a necroptotic process, a necrotic cell death process that results from the activation of endogenous cellular processes, such as signaling involving death domain receptors or Toll-like receptors.


name: negative regulation of necroptotic process

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of a necroptotic process, a necrotic cell death process that results from the activation of endogenous cellular processes, such as signaling involving death domain receptors or Toll-like receptors.


name: regulation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase activity

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase activity. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase activity is the catalysis of the reaction: D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + H2O = D-fructose 6-phosphate + phosphate.


name: positive regulation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase activity

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase activity. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase activity is the catalysis of the reaction: D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + H2O = D-fructose 6-phosphate + phosphate.


name: regulation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate metabolism. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate metabolism is the chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, also known as FBP. The D enantiomer is a metabolic intermediate in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.


name: positive regulation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate metabolic process

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate metabolism. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate metabolism is the chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, also known as FBP. The D enantiomer is a metabolic intermediate in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.


name: regulation of vitamin D biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of a vitamin D biosynthetic process. Vitamin D biosynthesis is the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vitamin D, any of a group of related, fat-soluble compounds that are derived from delta-5,7 steroids and play a central role in calcium metabolism. Specific forms of vitamin D include calciferol (ergocalciferol; vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (calciol; vitamin D3).


name: positive regulation of vitamin D biosynthetic process

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of a vitamin D biosynthetic process. Vitamin D biosynthesis is the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vitamin D, any of a group of related, fat-soluble compounds that are derived from delta-5,7 steroids and play a central role in calcium metabolism. Specific forms of vitamin D include calciferol (ergocalciferol; vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (calciol; vitamin D3).


name: regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity. Calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity is catalysis of the reaction: calcidiol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = calcitriol + NADP+ + H2O.


name: positive regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity. Calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity is the catalysis of the reaction: calcidiol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = calcitriol + NADP+ + H2O.


name: developmental growth involved in morphogenesis

description: The increase in size or mass of an anatomical structure that contributes to the structure attaining its shape.


name: apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis

description: Any apoptotic process that contributes to the shaping of an anatomical structure.


epithelial tube morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized from an epithelium. Epithelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system.


neuroepithelial cell differentiation

description: The process in which epiblast cells acquire specialized features of neuroepithelial cells.


name: positive regulation of termination of DNA-templated transcription

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of DNA-templated transcription termination, the process in which transcription is completed; the formation of phosphodiester bonds ceases, the RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, and RNA polymerase releases the DNA.


name: negative regulation of termination of DNA-templated transcription

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of DNA-dependent transcription termination, the process in which transcription is completed; the formation of phosphodiester bonds ceases, the RNA-DNA hybrid dissociates, and RNA polymerase releases the DNA.


name: regulation of peptide hormone processing

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of peptide hormone processing. Peptide hormone processing is the generation of a mature peptide hormone by posttranslational processing of a prohormone.


name: positive regulation of peptide hormone processing

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of peptide hormone processing. Peptide hormone processing is the generation of a mature peptide hormone by posttranslational processing of a prohormone.


name: negative regulation of peptide hormone processing

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of peptide hormone processing. Peptide hormone processing is the generation of a mature peptide hormone by posttranslational processing of a prohormone.


morphogenesis of an epithelial fold

description: The morphogenetic process in which an epithelial sheet bends along a linear axis.


morphogenesis of an epithelial bud

description: The morphogenetic process in which a bud forms from an epithelial sheet. A bud is a protrusion that forms form the sheet by localized folding.


name: cell fate specification involved in pattern specification

description: The process involved in the specification of the identity of a cell in a field of cells that is being instructed as to how to differentiate. Once specification has taken place, that cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment.


intestinal epithelial cell maturation

description: The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a columna/cuboidal epithelial cell of the intestine to attain its fully functional state. A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell of the intestine mature as they migrate from the intestinal crypt to the villus.


name: intestinal epithelial cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell of the intestine.


intestinal epithelial cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell of the intestine over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


pulmonary vein morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structure of the pulmonary venous blood vessels are generated and organized. Pulmonary veins are blood vessels that transport blood from the lungs to the heart.


superior vena cava morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structure of superior vena cava generated and organized. The superior vena cava is a blood vessel that transports blood from the upper body to the heart.


name: ventral spinal cord interneuron fate commitment

description: The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a ventral spinal cord interneuron. Ventral spinal cord interneurons are cells located in the ventral portion of the spinal cord that transmit signals between sensory and motor neurons and are required for reflexive responses.


name: ventral spinal cord interneuron fate determination

description: The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a ventral spinal cord interneuron regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. Ventral spinal cord interneurons are cells located in the ventral portion of the spinal cord that transmit signals between sensory and motor neurons and are required for reflexive responses.


name: cell fate commitment involved in pattern specification

description: The commitment of cells to specific cell fates and their capacity to differentiate into particular kinds of cells within a field of cells that will exhibit a certain pattern of differentiation. Positional information is established through protein signals that emanate from a localized source within a developmental field resulting in specification of a cell type. Those signals are then interpreted in a cell-autonomous manner resulting in the determination of the cell type.


name: cell fate determination involved in pattern specification

description: A process involved in commitment of a cell to a fate in a developmental field. Once determination has taken place, a cell becomes committed to differentiate down a particular pathway regardless of its environment.


name: regulation of actin cortical patch localization

description: Any process that modulates the localization of an actin cortical patch. An actin cortical patch is a discrete actin-containing structure found just beneath the plasma membrane in fungal cells.


name: regulation of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity is the catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + donor-H2 + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + acceptor + H2O.


name: positive regulation of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity is the catalysis of the reaction: arachidonate + donor-H2 + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + acceptor + H2O.


name: multicellular organismal-level iron ion homeostasis

description: A chemical homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of iron within extracellular body fluids, such as blood, xylem or phloem, of a multicellular organism. This is distinct from maintenance of cellular homeostasis, which occurs within a cell.


name: regulation of lipoprotein lipid oxidation

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of lipoprotein lipid oxidation. Lipoprotein lipid oxidation is the modification of a lipoprotein by oxidation of the lipid group.


name: negative regulation of lipoprotein lipid oxidation

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of lipoprotein lipid oxidation. Lipoprotein lipid oxidation is the modification of a lipoprotein by oxidation of the lipid group.


description: Binds to and modulates the activity of an NTPase.


ATPase regulator activity

description: Binds to and modulates the activity of an ATP hydrolysis activity.


chondroblast differentiation

description: The process in which a mesenchymal cell, acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondroblast. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a chondroblast fate. A chondroblast is a precursor cell to chondrocytes.


mammary gland formation

description: The process pertaining to the initial formation of the mammary gland from unspecified parts. The process begins with formation of the mammary line and ends when the solid mammary bud invades the primary mammary mesenchyme.


mammary gland specification

description: The regionalization process in which the mammary line is specified. The mammary line is a ridge of epidermal cells that will form the mammary placodes.


name: fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in mammary gland specification

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a fibroblast growth factor to its receptor on the surface of al cell in the epidermis resulting in the formation of the mammary line. The mammary line is a ridge of epidermal cells that will form the mammary placodes.


mammary placode formation

description: The developmental process in which the mammary placode forms. The mammary placode is a transient lens shaped structure that will give rise to the mammary bud proper.


name: dichotomous subdivision of terminal units involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis

description: The process in which the terminal end of a mammary duct bifurcates.


name: lateral sprouting involved in mammary gland duct morphogenesis

description: The process in which a branch forms along the side of a mammary duct.


name: dichotomous subdivision of an epithelial terminal unit

description: The process in which an epithelial cord, rod or tube bifurcates at its end.


lateral sprouting from an epithelium

description: The process in which a branch forms along the side of an epithelium.


branch elongation of an epithelium

description: The growth process in which a branch increases in length from its base to its tip.


mammary gland duct morphogenesis

description: The process in which anatomical structures of the mammary ducts are generated and organized. Mammary ducts are epithelial tubes that transport milk.


mammary gland duct cavitation

description: Creation of the central hole of the mammary gland duct by the hollowing out of a solid rod.


tube lumen cavitation

description: The formation of a lumen by hollowing out a solid rod or cord.


tube closure

description: Creation of the central hole of a tube in an anatomical structure by sealing the edges of an epithelial fold.


name: cell-cell adhesion involved in sealing an epithelial fold

description: The attachment of one cell to another cell along the edges of two epithelial folds, giving rise to the lumen of an epithelial tube.


name: cell-cell adhesion involved in neural tube closure

description: The attachment of one cell to another cell along the edges of two epithelial folds, giving rise to the lumen of the neural tube.


name: apoptotic process involved in tube lumen cavitation

description: Any apoptotic process that contributes to the hollowing out of an epithelial rod or cord to form the central hole in a tube.


name: mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in mammary gland development

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mammary gland mesenchymal cell. Mammary gland mesenchymal cells form a loosely connected network of cells that surround the mammary ducts.


mammary gland fat development

description: The progression of the mammary gland fat over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary fat is an adipose structure in the gland that is invaded by the mammary ducts.


adipose tissue development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of adipose tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Adipose tissue is specialized tissue that is used to store fat.


fat pad development

description: The progression of a fat pad from its initial formation to its mature structure. A fat pad is an accumulation of adipose tissue.


mammary gland bud formation

description: The morphogenetic process in which a bud forms from the mammary placode. A mammary bud is bulb of epithelial cells that is distinct from the surrounding epidermis.


mammary gland cord formation

description: The process in which the mammary gland cord forms by elongation of the mammary bud. The cord is formed once the elongating bud breaks through the mesenchyme and reaches the fat pad.


name: positive regulation of mammary placode formation by mesenchymal-epithelial signaling

description: Any process that initiates the formation of a mammary placode through a mechanism that mediates the transfer of information from a mesenchymal cell to an epithelial cell resulting in the epithelial cell adopting the identity of a cell of the mammary placode.


nipple development

description: The progression of the nipple over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The nipple is a part of the mammary gland that protrudes from the surface ectoderm.


name: cell migration involved in mammary placode formation

description: The orderly movement of epithelial cells within the mammary line that contributes to the formation of the mammary placode.