A tertiary ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of buzepide, resulting from the protonation of the azepane tertiary amino group. Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


CICLOXILIC ACID

A 2-hydroxy-2-phenylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid that has (1R,2S)-stereoconfiguration.


nicotinic acid D-ribonucleotide

A D-ribonucleotide having nicotinic acid as the nucleobase.


(1S,2R)-cicloxilic acid

A 2-hydroxy-2-phenylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid that has (1S,2R)-stereoconfiguration.


name: S. pneumoniae serotype 14 capsular oligosaccharide derivative

description: A synthetic oligosaccharide derivative in which three beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1->6)-[beta-D-Gal-(1->4)]-beta-D-GlcNAc tetrasaccharide units are linked through N-pentylpentanamide linkers, with a 5-aminopentyl spacer group attached to the GlcNAc residue within the terminal unit. Synthesised as a spacer-bridged oligosaccharide mimic of the capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 14, the 5-aminopentyl spacer group affords a method of linking to the CRM197 carrier protein, a genetically detoxified form of diphtheria toxin.


GlyTouCan G62765YT

A partially-defined glycan consisting of 8 hexosyl and 2 acetaminohexosyl groups (identities and connectivity unknown). Composition: Hex8 HexNAc2.


GlyTouCan G80920RR

A partially-defined glycan consisting of 9 hexosyl and 2 acetaminohexosyl groups (identities and connectivity unknown). Composition: Hex9 HexNAc2.


GlyTouCan G31852PQ

A partially-defined glycan consisting of 7 hexosyl and 2 acetaminohexosyl groups (identities and connectivity unknown). Composition: Hex7 HexNAc2.


GlyTouCan G41247ZX

A partially-defined glycan consisting of 6 hexosyl and 2 acetaminohexosyl groups (identities and connectivity unknown). Composition: Hex6 HexNAc2.


GlyTouCan G02815KT

A partially-defined glycan consisting of 5 hexosyl and 2 acetaminohexosyl groups (identities and connectivity unknown). Composition: Hex5 HexNAc2.


GlyTouCan G93860XO

A polysaccharide that is alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[beta-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc in which a hydroxy group in one of the terminal mannose moieties has been converted into the corresponding Neu5Ac-(1->?)-?-D-Gal-(1->?)-?-D-GlcNAc-(1->?)- glycoside, while two of the hydroxy groups on the other terminal mannose moiety have each been converted into the corresponding Neu5Ac-(1->?)-?-D-Gal-(1->?)-?-D-GlcNAc-(1->?)- glycoside.    For the structure shown, either one of the R1 atoms and two of the R2 atoms represent Neu5Ac-(1->?)-?-D-Gal-(1->?)-?-D-GlcNAc-(1->?)- groups or vice versa; the remaining R1 and R2 atoms are hydrogens.


GlyTouCan G48975GN

An amino decasaccharide that is alpha-D-Manp-(1->3)-[beta-D-Manp-(1->6)]-beta-D-Manp-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcpNAc-(1->4)-[(1->6)-alpha-L-Fucp]-beta-D-GlcpNAc- in which the (1->3) linked terminal mannose has been glycosylated at position 2 by a 2-acetamino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucosamine moiety, whiile the (1->6) linked terminal mannose has been glycosylated at position 2 by a 2-acetamino-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucosamine moiety which in turn has been glycosylated at position 4 by a beta-D-galactosyl group, and at an unspecified position by an alpha-L-fucosyl group. In the illustrated structure, either R1 is an alpha-L-fucosyl group and R2 is H, or R2 is an alpha-L-fucosyl group and R1 is H.


(aminooxy)acetate

A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of (aminooxy)acetic acid, resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group. Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


An N-(omega-hydroxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine where the ULCFA is 32C long and has 1 double bond at an undefined position.


An N-(omega-hydroxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine where the ULCFA is 34C long and has 1 double bond at an undefined position.


An N-(omega-hydroxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine where the ULCFA is 34C long and has 2 double bonds at an undefined position.


An N-(omega-hydroxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine where the ULCFA is 36C long and has 1 double bond at an undefined position.


An N-(omega-hydroxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine where the ULCFA is 36C long and has 2 double bond at undefined positions.


levodopa

An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease


An N-(omega-hydroxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine where the ULCFA is 38C long and has 1 double bond at an undefined position.


Glu-Gly-Arg-chloromethylketone

A tripeptide composed of L-glutamic acid, glycine and L-arginine joined in sequence by peptide linkages and in which the carboxy terminus is substituted by a chloroacetyl group. It is a potent and irreversible inhibitor of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and factor Xa.


An N-(omega-linoleoyloxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine where the ULCFA is 34C long and has 1 double bond at an undefined position.


An N-(omega-linoleoyloxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine where the ULCFA is 32C long and has 1 double bond at an undefined position.


An N-(omega-linoleoyloxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine where the ULCFA is 34C long and has 2 double bond at undefined positions.


An N-(omega-linoleoyloxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine where the ULCFA is 36C long and has 1 double bond at an undefined position.


The 4-nitroanilide of N-benzoyl-D-arginine.


An N-(omega-linoleoyloxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine where the ULCFA is 36C long and has 2 double bonds at undefined positions.


An N-(omega-linoleoyloxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine where the ULCFA is 38C long and has 1 double bond at an undefined position.


name: N-(omega-linoleoyloxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine

description: An N-(omega-linoleoyloxy-acyl)sphingosine where R1 is an ULCFA.


name: N-(omega-hydroxy-ultra-long chain fatty acyl)sphingosine

description: An N-(omega-hydroxyacyl)sphingosine where R1 is an ULCFA.


An amino disaccharide comprised of 6-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactose linked (1->3) to N-acetyl-6-O-sulfo-D-glucosamine.


A branched 14-residue amino oligosaccharide comprising a beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine trisaccharide backbone, to the mannosyl residue are connected alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)]-alpha-D-mannosyl and alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl units via (1->2) and (1->6) linkages respectively.


carbocyclic fatty acid anion

Any fatty acid anion containing a ring composed of carbon atoms. Major microspecies at pH 7.3


carbocyclic fatty acyl-CoA(4-)

Any fatty acyl-CoA containing a ring composed of carbon atoms.


METHYLENE CHLORIDE

A member of the class of chloromethanes that is methane in which two of the hydrogens have been replaced by chlorine. A dense, non-flammible colourless liquid at room temperature (b.p. 40degreeC, d = 1.33) which is immiscible with water, it is widely used as a solvent, a paint stripper, and for the removal of caffeine from coffee and tea.


A dicarboxylic acid monoanion resulting from the deprotonation of the two carboxy groups and protonation of the primary amino group of cefminox. Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


lipid micelle

Lipid molecules that aggregate and arrange themselves in a spherical form in aqueous solution. These spherical amphiphilic structures have a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic shell.


prednisolone succinate(1-)

A dicarboxylic acid monoester(1-) that is the conjugate base of prednisolone succinate resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group. Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


A 4,4'-pentane-2,3-diylbis(2-fluorophenol) that has (2S,3R)-stereoconfiguration.


A 4,4'-pentane-2,3-diylbis(2-fluorophenol) that has (2R,3S)-stereoconfiguration.


A diiodotyrosine that is L-tyrosine carrying iodo-substituents at positions C-3 and C-5 of the benzyl group. It is an intermediate in the thyroid hormone synthesis.


tomaymycin

A pyrrolobenzodiazepine that is (11aS)-2,3,5,10,11,11a-hexahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 2,5,7,8 and 11R by ethylidene, oxo, methoxy, hydroxy and methoxy groups, respectively. It is a natural product of Streptomyces achromogenes that binds covalently with guanine in the minor groove of DNA. It is an antitumoral compound which is active in ovarian, plasmacytoma, and leukemia cancer cell lines at nanomolar concentrations.


VANCHROBACTIN

A catechol-type natural product that is composed of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid, D-arginine and L-serine joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is a siderophore synthesized by the bacterial fish pathogen Vibrio anguillarum.


althiomycin

A peptide antibiotic isolated from soil and enteric bacteria. It is a protein synthesis inhibitor which exhibits antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.


lymphostin

A member of the class of pyrroloquinolines that is pyrrolo[4,3,2-de]quinoline in which the hydrogens at positions 4, 6 and 8 are replaced by (1E)-1-methoxy-3-oxoprop-1-en-3-yl, acetylamino and amino groups, respectively. It is an alkaloid isolated from Streptomyces and Salinispora species, exhibits potent immunosuppressive activity, and inhibits Fyn and Lck protein kinases.


The N-[(R)-4-phosphopantothenoyl] derivative of L-cysteine.


A branched 17-residue amino oligosaccharide comprising a beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine trisaccharide backbone, to the mannosyl residue are connected alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)]-alpha-D-mannosyl and alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl units via (1->2) and (1->6) linkages respectively.


A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups while the other is substituted by a phenyl group which carries two unspecified groups at positions 3 and 4 of the phenyl ring.


name: 3'-end deoxyribonucleotide 2,3-dehydro-2,3-deoxyribose phosphate(2-) residue


name: 3'-end 2'-deoxyribonucleotide 3'-(L-tyrosyl-phosphate)(2-) residue


glucohexaose

Any hexasaccharide composed of 6 glucose moieties.


BPC

bismuth potassium citrate


D-erythritol 4-phosphate

A tetritol phosphate consisting of D-erythritol having the phosphate at the 4-position.


LOGANIN

An  iridoid monoterpenoid with formula C17H26O10 that is isolated from several plant species and exhibits neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties.


L-dopachrome

The L-enantiomer of dopachrome.


cyclohexylamine

A primary aliphatic amine consisting of cyclohexane carrying an amino substituent.


A dimethoxyflavanone that is naringenin in which the hydroxy groups at positions 4' and 7 are replaced by methoxy groups.


dTDP-beta-L-rhamnose

The beta-anomer of dTDP-L-rhamnose.


N-(fatty acyl)-dopamine

A fatty acid conjugated to dopamine


Substituent group from poly[(1''->2')-ADP-alpha-D-ribose]


An alicyclic primary alcohol that is cyclohexane substituted by a hydroxy methyl group and methyl group at positions 1 and 4. It acts as a hydrotrope, solubilizing hydrophobic substances in aqueous environments. It also prevents protein aggregation, alters membrane dynamics and metal homeostasis, and is used in a flotation process for cleaning and processing coal.


A dicarboxylic acid dianion resuting from deprotonation of both carboxy groups of 3-oxoadipic acid.


heparan sulfate polyanion

A carbohydrate acid derivative anion that is a polyanionic form of heparan sulfate arising from global deprotonation of the carboxy and N-sulfo groups; major species at pH 7.3.


A dioxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoic acid resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group. Major species at pH 7.3.


An anionic phospholipid obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy and phosphate groups of 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(N-acyl)-L-serine; major species at pH 7.3.


An anionic lysophospholipid obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy and phosphate groups of 1-acyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(N-acyl)-L-serine; major species at pH 7.3.


glycosylmonoacylglycerol

Any glycosylmonoglyceride in which the glycosyl moiety is attached to one of the primary hydroxy groups and the acyl group position is not defined.


CEPHALOSPORIN C

A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7.


glycerophosphoethanol anion

An anionic phospholipid obtained by deprotonation of the phospho groups of any glycerophosphoethanol; major species at pH 7.3.


A guanosine 5'-phosphate that is 7-methyl-GTP(1+) in which the hydroxy group of the terminal phosphate is substituted by an adenosyl group. It is a cap analog that can be incorporated into mRNA.


polyprenol phosphate anion

A polyprenol phosphate in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a phospho group, major species at pH 7.3.


acylaminosugars

A class of saccharolipids.


2-hydroxy-fatty acyl-CoA(4-)

A fatty acyl-CoA that is hydroxylated at position 2 of the acyl chain, major species at pH 7.3.


short-chain primary fatty alcohol

Any primary fatty alcohol with a chain length less than 6 carbons.


hydroperoxydocosapentaenoate

A docosanoid anion arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid function of any hydroperoxydocosapentaenoic acid.


epoxydocosatetraenoate

A docosanoid anion arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid function of any epoxydocosatetraenoic acid.


epoxydocosapentaenoate

A docosanoid anion arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid function of any epoxydocosapentaenoic acid.


epoxydocosahexaenoate

A docosanoid anion arising from deprotonation of the carboxylic acid function of any epoxydocosahexaenoic acid.


The chloramide form of CHEBI:55424


The chloramide form of CHEBI:55478


N-acyl-D-amino acid

Any N-acyl-amino acid in which the amino acid moiety has D configuration.


Ala-Cys

A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-alanine with the amino group of L-cysteine.


N-acyl-D-aspartic acid

A D-aspartic acid derivative that is D-aspartic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an acyl group.


Arg-Gly

A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-arginine with the amino group of glycine.


Cys-Arg

A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-cysteine with the amino group of L-arginine.


viomycin

A cyclic peptide antibiotic produced by the actinomycete Streptomyces puniceus, used in the treatment of tuberculosis.


N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

An N-acyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate that is the  N-acetyl derivative of D-glucosamine 6-phosphate. It is a component of the aminosugar metabolism.


Gln-Ser

A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-glutamine with the amino group of L-serine.


Glu-Arg

A dipeptide composed of L-glutamic acid and L-arginine joined by a peptide linkage.


The 3-hydroxy derivative of N(6),N(6),N(6)-trimethyl-L-lysine


A dichlorocatechol carrying chloro groups at positions 3 and 5.


Pro-Cys

A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-proline acid with the amino group of L-cysteine.


Thr-Asn

A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-threonine with the amino group of L-asparagine.


A beta-diketone that is licodione in which the hydroxy group at position 2 of the 2,4-dihyroxyphenyl moiety has been converted into the its methyl ether.


Thr-Lys

A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-threonine with the amino group of L-lysine.


ISOKAEMPFERIDE

A trihydroxyflavone that is  apigenin substituted by a methoxy group at position 3.


Tyr-Cys

A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-tyrosine with the amino group of L-cysteine.


(S)-2-halocarboxylic acid

Any carboxylic acid carrying an unspecified halogen substituent at the 2S-position.


A dicarboxylic acid dianion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy groups of malonic acid.


3-hydroxyanthranilic acid

An  aminobenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted at C-2 by an amine group and at C-3 by a hydroxy group. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of the amino acid tryptophan.


JUGLONE

A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. A plant-derived 1,4-naphthoquinone with confirmed antibacterial and antitumor activities.


protoaphin aglucone

The aglycone of protaphin, a yellow hydroxylated quinoid pigment found in aphids.


A poly(glycerol phosphate) compound having a D-alanyl-L-alanyl moiety attached to the hydroxy group of the repeating unit.


1-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

A 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate having palmitoyl as the acyl group.


(-)-neodihydrocarveol

The (1R,2S,5S)-stereoisomer of dihydrocarveol.


A 2-hydroxyglutarate(2-) that has (2R)-configuration.


alpha,beta-didehydrotryptophan

A dehydroamino acid that is the 2,3-didehydro derivative of tryptophan.


D-octopine

The (1R)-1-carboxyethyl derivative of L-arginine. It is a metabolite released by plant tumours.


beta-L-arabinose 1-phosphate

The beta-anomer of L-arabinose 1-phosphate.


The 12-dehydro derivative of tetracycline.


dolichyl D-mannosyl phosphate

A polyprenyl glycosyl phosphate having dolichyl as the polyprenyl component and D-mannose as the glycosyl component.


L-serine-O-phosphate

The L-enantiomer of O-phosphoserine.


dolichyl beta-D-glucosyl phosphate

A polyprenyl glycosyl phosphate having dolichyl as the polyprenyl component and beta-D-glucose as the glycosyl component.


A monohydroxyquinoline carrying a hydroxy group at position 4.


D-arginine

A D-alpha-amino acid that is the D-isomer of arginine.


semiquinone

An organic radical resulting from the formal addition of one hydrogen atom with its electron to a quinone (or from the formal removal of one hydrogen atom with its electron from the corresponding hydroquinone).


name: protein C-terminal S-farnesyl-L-cysteine methyl ester


The N(6)-dimethylallyl derivative of adenosine 5'-monophosphate.


A monomethoxybenzene that is dopamine in which the hydroxy group at position 3 is replaced by a methoxy group. It is a metabolite of the neurotransmitter dopamine and considered a potential biomarker of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas.


GDP-alpha-D-mannose

The alpha-anomer of GDP-D-mannose.


The 5-hydroxy-6-methyl derivative of nicotinic acid.


17alpha-estradiol 3-glucosiduronic acid

A steroid glucosiduronic acid that is 17alpha-estradiol having a single beta-D-glucuronic acid residue attached at position 3.


1,5-dihydrocoenzyme F420

The 1,5-dihydro derivative of coenzyme F420.


D-fructose

Fructose is a levorotatory monosaccharide and an isomer of glucose.  Although fructose is a hexose (6 carbon sugar), it generally exists as a 5-member hemiketal ring (a furanose).


An enal consisting of but-2-ene with a methyl substituent at position 3 and an oxo group at position 1.


Ala-Leu-Ala

A tripeptide composed of L-alanine, L-leucine and L-alanine joined in sequence by peptide linkages.


L-serine O-sulfate

A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is the O-sulfo derivative of L-serine.


8-amino-7-oxononanoic acid

The 8-amino-7-oxo derivative of nonanoic acid.


geranylgeranyl diphosphate

A polyprenol diphosphate having geranylgeranyl as the polyprenyl component.


An organic anion resulting from the deprotonation of the carboxy group of urea-1-carboxylic acid.


A galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having a galloyl group at the 1-position.


1-acylglycerone 3-phosphate

A glycerone 3-phosphate having an unspecified O-acyl substituent at the 1-position.


4-phospho-L-aspartic acid

The 4-phospho derivative of L-aspartic acid.


An primary alcohol that is butan-1-ol in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a methyl group.


A cephalosporin having an acetoxy group at the 3-position and a 5-carboxy-5-oxopentanamido group at the 7-position.


N-acylneuraminic acid 9-phosphate

An N-acylneuraminic acid phosphate having the phosphate group at the 9-position.


OROTIDINE MONOPHOSPHATE

A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having 6-carboxyuracil as the nucleobase.


arachidonic acid

A long-chain fatty acid that is a C20, polyunsaturated fatty acid having four (Z)-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.


A myo-inositol tetrakisphosphate having the four phosphate groups placed at the 3-, 4-, 5- and 6-positions.


keto-L-tagatose 6-phosphate

The open chain form of L-tagatose 6-phosphate


NAD(+)

The oxidised form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide found in all living cells. In metabolism, NAD(+) is involved in redox reactions, carrying electrons from one reaction to another.


2-(alpha-D-mannosyl)-D-glyceric acid

A D-mannosyl-D-glyceric acid where an alpha-D-mannosyl residue is attached at the 2-position.


A chiral alkylglycerol having the alkyl group at the 1-position.


(S)-WILLARDIINE

The 3-(uracil-1-yl) derivative of L-alanine.


quinine

A cinchona alkaloid that is cinchonidine in which the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring is substituted by methoxy.


A UDP-sugar having 6-sulfoquinovose as the sugar component.


Ile-Leu-Pro

A tripeptide composed of L-isoleucine, L-lrucine, and L-proline joined in sequence by peptide linkages.


N-carbamoyl-L-aspartic acid

The L-enantiomer N-carbamoylaspartic acid.


ETHYLAMINE

A two-carbon primary aliphatic amine.


A D-galacturonic acid having a 4-deoxy-alpha-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranosyluronic acid moiety attached at the 4-position.


luteolin

A tetrahydroxyflavone in which the four hydroxy groups are located at positions 3', 4', 5 and 7. It is thought to play an important role in the human body as an antioxidant, a free radical scavenger, an anti-inflammatory agent and an immune system modulator as well as being active against several cancers.


A deoxyglucose that is D-glucose in which the hydroxy group at position 2 has been replaced by a hydrogen. It is an antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity, which acts by inhibiting the glycosylation of glycoproteins and glycolipids. Used as an antiherpes agent.


CDP-N-methylethanolamine

A nucleotide-(amino alcohol) that is the N-methyl derivative of CDP-ethanolamine.


betaine aldehyde hydrate

A quaternary ammonium ion that is the hydrate of betaine aldehyde.


alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

A 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose 6-phosphate that has an alpha-configuration at the anomeric position.


The group obtained by removal of the anomeric hydroxyl group from beta-D-galactosyl-1,3-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,6)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine.


A benzophenanthridine alkaloid comprising dihydrosanguinarine carrying a hydroxy substituent at the 10-position.


S-methyl 3-phospho-1-thio-D-glycerate

The methyl thiolester of 3-phospho-1-thio-D-glyceric acid.


The S-(2-oxopropyl) derivative of coenzyme M.


phenol

An organic hydroxy compound that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxy substituent. The parent of the class of phenols.


A purine ribonucleoside 5'-tetraphosphate compound having 5'-guanosyl residues at the P(1)- and P(4)-positions.


L-2-amino-4-chloropent-4-enoic acid

An alpha-amino acid having a 2-chloro-2-propenyl group at the alpha-position and L-configuration.


5-AMINOVALERIC ACID

A delta-amino acid comprising pentanoic acid with an amino substituent at C-5; a methylene homologue of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that is a weak GABA agonist.


5-oxohexanoic acid

A medium-chain fatty acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying a 5-oxo group.


sterol

Any 3-hydroxy steroid whose skeleton is closely related to cholestan-3-ol (additional carbon atoms may be present in the side chain).


DIMEDAZOL

A dimethylbenzimidazole carrying methyl substituents at positions 5 and 6.


taurine

An amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid. It is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from  methionine and cysteine metabolism. An abundant component of fish- and meat-based foods, it has been used as an oral supplement in the treatment of disorders such as cystic fibrosis and hypertension.


S-succinylglutathione

The S-succinoyl derivative of glutathione.


A 1-pyrrolinecarboxylate resulting from the removal of the proton from the carboxy group of 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid.


A galactonolactone derived from D-galactonic acid.


A seco-androstane that is 9,10-secoandrostane which is substituted by oxo groups at positions 9 and 17 and in which the A-ring is aromatic and bears hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4.


N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine

Any N-acylethanolamine in which the acyl group has a chain length of C12 or greater.


The 5-diphospho derivative of (R)-mevalonic acid.


trans-2,3-epoxysuccinic acid

The trans-2,3-epoxy derivative of succinic acid.


A pyrimidine obtained by formal addition of hydrogen across the 5,6-position of uracil.


alpha-D-xylose 1-phosphate

A xylose phosphate that is alpha-D-xylose carrying a phosphate group at position 1.


glucose

D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.


long-chain fatty acid

A fatty acid with a chain length ranging from C13 to C22.


(R)-4'-phosphopantothenic acid

An amidoalkyl phosphate that is the 4-phosphate derivative of (R)-pantothenic acid.


demethylmacrocin

A macrolide antibiotic that is tylonolide having mono- and diglycosyl moieties attached to two of its hydroxy groups..


L-THREONIC ACID

The L-enantiomer of threonic acid.


desulfoglucotropeolin

A desulfoglucosinolic acid resulting from the formal condensation of the thiol group of N-hydroxy(phenyl)ethanethioamide with beta-D-glucopyranose.


(R)-2-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid

The (R)-enantiomer of 2-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid.


2-amino-4-oxopentanoic acid

A derivative of valeric acid having amino and oxo substituents at the 2- and 4-positions respectively.


ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose

An ADP-glycero-D-manno-heptose having L-glycero-configuration at the 6-position of the heptose portion.


serine phosphoethanolamine

The O-phosphoethanolamine derivative of serine.


2'-deoxycytosine 5'-monophosphate

A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase.


The N(6)-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl) derivative of adenosine 5'-monophosphate.


The 5-phospho derivative of 2-dehydro-D-gluconic acid.


NICOTINAMIDE RIBOSIDE

A pyridine nucleoside consisting of nicotinamide with a beta-D-ribofuranosyl moiety at the 1-position.


(-)-JASMONIC ACID

A jasmonate ester that is the methyl ester of jasmonic acid.


ATRAZINE

A diamino-1,3,5-triazine that is 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine substituted by a chloro group at position 6 while one of hydrogens of each amino group is replaced respectively by an ethyl and a propan-2-yl group.


A (4-deoxygluc-4-enosyluronic acid)-(1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate in which the 4-deoxygluc-4-enosyluronic acid component has beta-D configuration.


APIIN

A beta-D-glucoside having a beta-D-apiosyl residue at the 2-position and a 5,4'-dihydroxyflavon-7-yl moiety at the anomeric position.


UDP-D-apiose

A UDP-sugar having D-apiose as the sugar portion.


An aminouracil that is D-ribitol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 is substituted by the 6-amino group of 5,6-diaminouracil. Early intermediate in bacterial riboflavin synthesis.


trans-5-O-(4-coumaroyl)-D-quinic acid

The 5-O-(4-coumaroyl) derivative of (-)-quinic acid.


glycyrrhizin

A  triterpenoid saponin that is the  glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.


nicotinic acid

A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.


2,3-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydrobenzoic acid

A cyclohexadienecarboxylic acid having the C=C bonds at the 1- and 3-positions, the carboxylic acid at the 1-position and two hydroxy substituents at the 5- and 6-positions.


An aminobenzenesulfonate that is the conjugate base of 2-aminobenzenesulfonic acid.


poly(glycerol phosphate) macromolecule

A homopolymer macromolecule consisting of repeating glycerol-1-phosphate units.


The 6-O-methyl derivative of norlaudanosoline.


A galactonolactone that is the D-enantiomer of galactono-1,5-lactone.


keto-D-fructose 6-phosphate

The open chain form of D-fructose 6-phosphate.


lycopene

An acyclic carotene commonly obtained from tomatoes and other red fruits.


diphthamide

A  quaternary ammonium ion that is the derivative of L-histidine having a 4-amino-4-oxo-3-(trimethylammonio)butyl group at the 2-position of the imidazole ring.


L-COCLAURINE

The (S)-enantiomer of coclaurine.


The 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy analogue of dTDP-D-glucose.


A cyclohexadienecarboxylic acid having the C=C double bonds at the 1- and 3-positions, the carboxy group at the 1-position, an oxo group at the 5-position and an imino group at the 6-position.


discadenine

A 6-isopentenylaminopurine having a 3-amino-3-carboxypropyl group attached at the 3-position.


biotin

An organic heterobicyclic compound that consists of 2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazole having a valeric acid substituent attached to the tetrahydrothiophene ring. The parent of the class of biotins.


stipitatic acid

A derivative of cyclohepta-1,3,5-triene having a carboxy group at position 1, an oxo group at position 5 and hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 6.


phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine

A phosphatidylethanolamine in which the amino group is methylated.


O-phospho-L-homoserine

The L-enantiomer of O-phosphohomoserine.


cyclamate

A member of the class of sulfamic acids that is sulfamic acid  carrying an N-cyclohexyl substituent.


D-hexose phosphate

Any mono-phosphorylated D-hexose having a chain of six carbon atoms in the molecule.


D-glutamic acid

An optically active form of glutamic acid having D-configuration.


β-guanidinopropionic acid

A guanidine compound bearing an N-(2-carboxyethyl) substituent. It is a creatine analogue that has been found to decreases plasma glucose levels


O-carbamoyl-L-serine

A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is the O-carbamoyl derivative of L-serine.


L-histidine

The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.


The 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy analogue of dTDP-D-galactose.


A member of the class of methyl myo-inositols that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 (the 1R,2S,3r,4R,5S,6r-stereoisomer).


A cyclohexenone having its C=C double bond at the 2-position.


sn-glycerol 3-phosphate

An sn-glycerol 3-phosphate having unsubstituted hydroxy groups.


A benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline having the benzyl group at the 1-position and an N-methyl substituent.


name: heparan sulfate alpha-D-glucosaminide 3-sulfate

description: A heparan sulfate having an 3-O-sulfo-alpha-D-glucosaminyl residue at the non-reducing end. The heparan sulfate part consists of a variably sulfated repeating disaccharide unit.


polynucleotide

A nucleobase-containing molecular entity with a polymeric structure comprised of a linear sequence of 13 or more nucleotide residues.


A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid.


N-acyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

An N-acyl-D-glucosamine phosphate having the phosphate group placed at the 6-position.


The 5alpha-stereoisomer of androstane-3,17-dione.


An alkylamine having isobutyl as the alkyl group. It has been isolated from Sambucus nigra (Elderberry).


A 7,8-dihydropterin having a diphosphomethyl substituent at the 6-position.


4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid

A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is pyruvic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group.


D-erythro-isocitric acid

The D-erythro-stereoisomer of isocitric acid.


MONOETHANOLAMINE

A member of the class of  ethanolamines that is ethane with an amino substituent at C-1 and a hydroxy substituent at C-2, making it both a primary amine and a primary alcohol.


The (R)-enantiomer of 3-phosphoglyceroyl dihydrogen phosphate.


D-glucaric acid

The D-enantiomer of glucaric acid.


(R)-lactate

An optically active form of lactate having (R)-configuration.


SALICYLADEHYDE

A hydroxybenzaldehyde carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 2.


5'-CARBOXY ADENOSINE

A purine nucleoside having adenine as the nucleobase and a carboxy group at C-5'.


pyroglutamic acid

An oxoproline having the oxo group placed at the 5-position. It is an intermediate metabolite in the glutathione cycle.


A primary alcohol that is hexan-1-ol substituted by an ethyl group at position 2.


A 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline hacing chloro substituents at the 7- and 8-positions.


L-glutamic acid

An optically active form of glutamic acid having L-configuration.


DIHYDROXYACETONE

A ketotriose consisting of acetone bearing hydroxy substituents at positions 1 and 3. The simplest member of the class of ketoses and the parent of the class of glycerones.


A monomethoxyflavone that is galangin in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been replaced by a methoxy group.


A methyladenosine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1.


oleandomycin 2'-O-phosphate

The 2'-O-phospho derivative of oleandomycin.


CDP-ribitol

A nucleotide-alditol having cytosine as the nucleobase and ribitol as the alditol portion.


D-mannose

A mannose with D-configuration.


aminophenazone

A  pyrazolone  that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.


LL-2,6-diaminopimelic acid

A 2,6-diaminopimelic acid in which both chiral centres have S configuration. It is a component of bacterial cell wall.


adenosine 5'-monophosphate

A purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having adenine as the nucleobase.


An L-alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.


N(alpha),N(alpha)-dimethyl-L-histidine

The N(alpha),N(alpha)-dimethyl derivative of L-histidine.


acyldolichol

Dolichol esterified at the terminal hydroxy group.


A member of the class of indoles that is  acetamide substituted by a 1H-indol-3-yl group at position 2. It is an intermediate in the production of plant hormone indole acetic acid (IAA).


ANDROSTERONE

An androstanoid that is 5alpha-androstane having a hydroxy substituent at the 3alpha-position and an oxo group at the 17-position. It is a metabolite of dehydroepiandrosterone .


phosphoguanidinoacetic acid

A guanidinoacetate having a phospho group attached to the primary amino part of the guanidine moiety.


A hydroxyisoflavanone that is 2,3-dihydrodaidzein with an additonal hydroxy substituent at position 2'.


ethyl (S)-3-hydroxyhexanoate

The (S)-enantiomer of  ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate.


A secondary nitroalkane that is propane in which a hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a nitro group. Mainly used as a solvent (b.p. 120degreeC).


phosphatidylethanolamine

A class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxy group of ethanolamine.


ITP

The inosine phosphate that has a triphosphate group at the 5'-position. It is an intermediate in the metabolism of purine.


A methylguanine carrying the methyl substituent at position 3.


cytosine

An aminopyrimidine that is pyrimidin-2-one having the amino group located at position 4.


name: oligosaccharide containing 6-methyl-D-glucose units


halide anion

A monoatomic monoanion resulting from the addition of an electron to any halogen atom.


2-deoxy-D-glucose 6-phosphate

A deoxyaldohexose phosphate comprising 2-deoxy-D-glucose having the phosphate group at the 6-position.


A polyprenyl glycosyl phosphate having alpha-D-galactopyranose as the glycosyl fragment.


The reduced 1,5-dihydro form of flavin mononucleotide.


CDP-abequose

A CDP-sugar having abequose as the sugar component.


N-acetylisatin

An indoledione consisting of isatin carrying an N-acetyl substituent.


poly(ribitol phosphate)

A polymeric compound composed of repeating ribose-1-phosphate units.


PROPENE

An alkene that is propane with a double bond at position 1.


2-benzylsuccinic acid

A dicarboxylic acid consisting of succinic acid carrying a 2-benzyl substituent.


aldehydo-L-rhamnose

The acyclic form of L-rhamnose.


DIMETHYLALLYL DIPHOSPHATE

A prenol phosphate that is a phosphoantigen comprising the O-pyrophosphate of prenol.


1-methyl-4-imidazoleacetic acid

A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl group.


An indole alkaloid that is sarpagan bearing a hydroxy group at position 17.


SCOPOLIN

A member of the class of  coumarins that is scopoletin attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.


A retinal having 2E,4Z,6E,8E-double bond geometry.


A myo-inositol tetrakisphosphate having the four phosphate groups at the 1-, 4-, 5- and 6-positions.


The 2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl) derivative of 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid. A metabolite of quercetin, an abundant flavonoid found in edible vegetables, grains and fruits which is used as an ingredient in supplements, beverages, or foods.


IMIDAZOLE

An imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1.


An anhydro sugar of D-glucitol.


maleimide

A cyclic dicarboximide in which the two carboacyl groups on nitrogen together with the nitogen itself form a 1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione structure.


A polyprenyl phospho oligosaccharide where N-acetyl-beta-D-mannosaminyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl comprises the oligosaccharide component and the polyprenyl chain consists of eleven prenyl units.


A 3-oxo-5beta-steroid that is 5beta-cholestane substituted by an oxo group at position 3.


A 11alpha-hydroxy steroid that is pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione substituted by a hydroxy group at position 11.


D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate

A D-glucose monophosphate in which the phosphate group is located at position 1.


benzyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate

A benzyl ester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-methylacetoacetic acid with the hydroxy group of  benzyl alcohol.


aminohydroxybutyric acid

A gamma-amino acid comprising 4-aminobutyric acid having a 2-hydroxy substituent.


dTDP-L-dihydrostreptose

A dTDP-sugar having dihydrostreptose as the sugar component.


UDP-xylose

A UDP-sugar having alpha-xylose as the sugar component.  It is an important metabolite in the nucleotide sugar metabolism in animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria.


(S)-3-(indol-3-yl)-2-oxobutyric acid

The (S)-enantiomer of 3-(indol-3-yl)-2-oxobutyric acid.


beta-D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate

A D-fructofuranose 6-phosphate with a beta-configuration at the anomeric position.


mycothione

The disulfide resulting from oxidative coupling of the thiol groups of two molecules of mycothiol.


Propan-1-ol with a hydrogen at each of the 3 carbon positions substituted with a carboxylate group.


dolichol

Any one of a group of prenol derivatives made up of varying numbers of cis-linked isoprene units, terminating in an alpha-saturated isoprenoid group containing an alcohol functional group, with the three isoprene units at the distal end trans-linked.


ISOQUINOLINE

An ortho-fused heteroarene that is a benzopyridine in which the N atom not directly attached to the benzene ring.


2-methylene-3-methylsuccinic acid

A  dicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid substituted by a methylene group at position 2 and a methyl group at position 3.


A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from thiosulfuric acid.


Met-Phe-Met

A tripeptide consisting of L-methionine, L-phenylalanine and L-methionine residues joined in sequence by peptide linkages.


A cyclohexadienecarboxylic acid that is cyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1 and 6 and a methyl group at position 2.


ETHYLBENZENE

An  alkylbenzene carrying an ethyl substituent. It is a constituent of coal tar and petroleum.


3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid

A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 3 is substituted by a 2-hydroxyphenyl group.


An organochlorine compound that is 2,5-dihydro-2-furylacetic acid substituted by chloro groups at positions 2 and 4 and an oxo group at position 5.


dihydroxyacetone phosphate

A member of the class of glycerone phosphates that consists of glycerone bearing a single phospho substituent.


The simplest member of the class of propane-1,3-diols, consisting of propane in which one hydrogen from each methyl group is substituted by a hydroxy group. A colourless, viscous, water-miscible liquid with a high (210degreeC) boiling point, it is used in the synthesis of certain polymers and as a solvent and antifreeze.


A phosphatidylcholine that is a glycerol phosphatide (phosphoglyceride, glycerophospholipid) in which the hydroxy group of choline is esterified with the phosphate group of phosphatidic acid.


A  nonanone carrying oxo substituents at positions 4 and 6 respectively.


chlorogenic acid

A cinnamate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid with the 3-hydroxy group of quinic acid. It is an intermediate metabolite in the biosynthesis of lignin.


cholesterol

A cholestanoid consisting of cholestane having a double bond at the 5,6-position as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group.


medicarpin

A member of the class of pterocarpans that is 3-hydroxyptercarpan with a methoxy substituent at position 9.


3-hydroxy-4-methylanthranilic acid

An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3 and a methyl group at position 4.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which D-Gal is linked beta(1->3) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


SHIKIMIC ACID

A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5 (the 3R,4S,5R stereoisomer). It is an intermediate metabolite in plants and microorganisms.


A 5-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 5-oxopentanoic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.


A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is lactic acid substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenyl group at position 3.


A galactosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-galactose.


cetyl alcohol

A long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is hexadecane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.


An amino disaccharide consisting of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine having a 4-deoxy-alpha-L-threo-hex-4-enopyranuronosyl residue attached at the 3-position.


A dTDP-sugar having 4-dehydro-6-deoxy-alpha-D-glucose as the sugar component.  It is an intermediate in dTDP-rhamnose biosynthesis.


A derivative of 17alpha-estradiol having beta-glucosiduronic acid and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl groups attached at the 3- and 17-positions respectively.


clofenotane

A chlorophenylethane that is 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-diphenylethane substituted by additional chloro substituents at positions 4 of the phenyl substituents. It is a commonly used organochlorine insecticide.


A member of the class of  phenylhydrazines that is phenylhydrazine substituted by a hydroxymethyl group at position 4.


2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate

The 5-O-phosphono derivative of 2-deoxy-D-ribose.


CYCLOPENTANOL

The simplest member of the class of  cyclopentanols bearing a single hydroxy substituent. The parent of the class of cyclopentanols.


ammonia

An azane that consists of a single nitrogen atom covelently bonded to three hydrogen atoms.


isobutyric acid

A branched fatty acid comprising propanoic acid carrying a methyl branch at C-2.


chondroitin D-glucuronate

A mucopolysaccharide composed of repeating beta-D-glucopyranuronosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-N-acetylgalactosaminyl units.


2-deoxy-D-gluconic acid

A derivative of D-gluconic acid lacking the 2-hydroxy group.


undecaprenyl dihydrogen phosphate

The all-trans-isomer of undecaprenyl phosphate.


3-dehydro-L-gulonic acid

A derivative of L-gulonic acid having a keto group at the 3-position.


A scyllo-inositol phosphate having the phosphate at the 4-position and a guanidino group in place of the hydroxyl at position 1.


selenophosphate

A trivalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of all three protons from selenophosphoric acid.


maleamate

A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of maleamic acid.


A derivative of vindoline lacking the 11-O-methyl and 17-O-acetyl substituents.


heptadecane

A straight-chain alkane with 17 carbon atoms. It is a component of essential oils from plants like Opuntia littoralis and Annona squamosa.


benzoate

The simplest member of the class of  benzoates that is the conjugate base of benzoic acid, comprising a benzoic acid core with a proton missing to give a charge of -1.


DIHYDROCOUMARIN

A chromanone that is the 3,4-dihydro derivative of coumarin.


N-acetyllactosamine

A beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having beta-configuration at the reducing end anomeric centre.


L-gulonic acid

A gulonic acid formed by oxidising the aldehyde group of L-gulose to a carboxylic acid group.


myo-inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate

A myo-inositol tetrakisphosphate having the phosphate groups placed at the 1-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions.


D-arabinonate

Conjugate base of D-arabinonic acid.


steroid sulfate

A sulfuric ester obtained by the formal condensation of a hydroxy group of any steroid with sulfuric acid.


SULOCHRIN

A benzophenone that is the methyl ester of 2-(2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylbenzoyl)-5-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid.


O-succinyl-L-homoserine

The O-succinyl derivative of L-homoserine.


CoA-disulfide

An organic disulfide obtained via oxidative dimerisation of coenzyme A.


o-orsellinate

A dihydroxybenzoate that is the  conjugate base of o-orsellinic acid.


carbocisteine

An L-cysteine thioether that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen of the thiol group has been replaced by a carboxymethyl group.


PYROGALLOL

A  benzenetriol carrying hydroxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 3.


A gluconolactone derived form  D-gluconic acid.


2-caffeoylisocitric acid

The 2-caffeoyl derivative of isocitric acid.


6-hydroxynicotinic acid

A monohydroxypyridine that is the 6-hydroxy derivative of nicotinic acid.


aztreonam

A synthetic monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic (monobactam), used primarily to treat infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. It inhibits mucopeptide synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thereby blocking peptidoglycan crosslinking.


homogentisate

A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of (2,6-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic (homogentisic) acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.


A 4-hydroxy-3-polyprenylbenzoate in which the polyprenyl chain contains 8 prenyl units; major species at pH 7.3.


Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero.


neryl diphosphate

A polyprenol diphosphate having neryl as the polyprenyl component.


dADP

A purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate having adenine as the nucleobase.


4-CHOLESTEN 3-ONE

A cholestanoid that is cholest-4-ene substituted by an oxo group at position 3.


D-ornithine

The D-enantiomer of ornithine. It is an intermediate metabolite produced in the urea cycle.


phosphomannan

A polymannosidic phosphodiester in which one secondary phosphoryl is linked as mannose 6-phosphate and the other as alpha-hemiacetal phosphate.


retinyl ester

A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the hydroxy group of retinol with the carboxy group of any carboxylic acid.


N-acylglycine

An N-acyl-amino acid in which amino acid specified is glycine.


A methylbutanal in which the methyl substituent is at position 2.


METHANE

A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).


A piperidinecarboxylate that is the conjugate base of 1-piperideine-2-carboxylic acid.


octanol

An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 1.


sulfate

A sulfur oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of both OH groups of sulfuric acid.


The cis-stereoisomer of cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diol.


A purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having guanine as the nucleobase.


A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of 3-hydroxybenzoic acid.


A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of bispyribac, arising from the deprotonation of the carboxy group. Major species at pH 7.3.


oleic acid

An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.


N-acylsphingosine 1-phosphate

A ceramide phosphate compound having the phosphate group in the 1-position and an unspecified acyl group atached to the nitrogen atom.


urea

A carbonyl group with two C-bound amine groups. The commercially available fertilizer has an analysis of 46-0-0 (N-P2O5-K2O).


QUESTIN

A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,6-dihyroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and a methoxy group at position 8.


phloroglucinol

A benzenetriol with hydroxy groups at position 1, 3 and 5.


A member of the class of  hydroxybiphenyls that is 1,1'-biphenyl substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3.


A hydroxybenzaldehyde carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 3.


3-mercaptopyruvic acid

A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is  pyruvic acid substituted by a sulfanyl group at position 3.


sinapoyltartronic acid

The ester obtained from formal condensation of sinapic acid and hydroxymalonic acid.


The 2-chloro derivative of cis-4-carboxymethylenebut-2-en-1,4-olide.


COFORMYCIN

An N-glycosyl in which (8R)-3,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1,3]diazepin-8-ol is attached to ribofuranose via a beta-N(3)-glycosidic bond. compound The parent of the class of coformycins.


A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from phosphonic acid


A dicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid substituted at position 2 by an acetamidomethylidene group and at position 3 by a hydroxymethyl group.


gluconolactone

An  aldono-1,5-lactone obtained from D-gluconic acid.


beta-D-glucose 1-phosphate

The beta-anomer of D-glucose 1-phosphate.


cucurbitacin

Any one of a class of tetracyclic triterpenoids, formally derived from the triterpene hydrocarbon cucurbitane, developed by some plants (especially those of the family Cucurbitaceaeas) as a defence mechanism against herbivores.


CONIFERIN

A monosaccharide derivative that is  coniferol attached to a  beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage.


sn-glycerol 1-phosphate

An optically active glycerol 1-phosphate having (S)-configuration.


dimethylarsinate

The arsenic oxoanion that is the conjugate base of dimethylarsinic acid.


2-cis,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate(3-)

Trianion of 2-cis,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate arising from deprotonation of the diphosphate OH groups; major species at pH 7.3.


S-formylglutathione

A S-acylglutathione in which the acyl group specified is formyl.


PYRIDINE

An  azaarene comprising a benzene core in which one -CH group is replaced by a nitrogen atom. It is the parent compound of the class pyridines.


A  non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is glycine substituted by two alkyl groups at position 2.


The 3beta-stereoisomer of 3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one.


A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 5-hydroxypentanoic acid.


A 4-hydroxy-D-proline in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has R-configuration.


Any N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid that is L-lysine in which the N(6) amino group has been acylated.


guanine

A 2-aminopurine carrying a 6-oxo substituent.


ethanol

A primary alcohol that is ethane in which one of the hydrogens is substituted by a hydroxy group.


A monocarboxylic acid anion that results from the removal of a proton from the carboxylic acid group of 4-chlorophenylacetic acid.


flavin adenine dinucleotide

A flavin adenine dinucleotide in which the substituent at position 10 of the flavin nucleus is a 5'-adenosyldiphosphoribityl group.


The  (2R,3S)-stereoisomer of  benzyl 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutanoate.


Any 3-oxo steroid that has beta- configuration at position 5.


hydrogen peroxide

An inorganic peroxide consisting of two hydroxy groups joined by a covalent oxygen-oxygen single bond.


aldehydo-D-arabinose 5-phosphate

The 5-phospho derivative of D-arabinose. It is an intermediate in the synthesis of lipopolysaccharides.


quercetin

A pentahydroxyflavone having the five hydroxy groups placed at the 3-, 3'-, 4'-, 5- and 7-positions. It is one of the most abundant flavonoids in edible vegetables, fruit and wine.


An amino-acid betaine gamma-aminobutyric acid zwitterion in which all of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups.


D-ribitol 5-phosphate

The 5-phospho derivative of D-ribitol.


phospholipid

A lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or di-ester. The term encompasses phosphatidic acids and phosphoglycerides.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-1,3-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine.


An isochromane that is mellein bearing a methoxy substituent at position 6.


2-(acetamidomethylidene)succinic acid

A dicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid substituted by a acetamidomethylidene group at position 2.


11-cis-retinyl palmitate

The 11-cis-isomer of retinyl palmitate.


HISTIDINOL

An amino alcohol that is propanol substituted by 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3 and an amino group at position 2 (the 2S stereoisomer).


2-methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid

The 2-methyl-3-oxo derivative of propanoic acid.


N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine

The N-acetyl derivative of L-phenylalanine.


NITROPHENOLATE

A member of the class of 2-nitrophenols that is phenol in which one of the hydrogens that is ortho to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group.


chitosan

An aminoglycan consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked D-glucosamine residues.


UDP N-acetyl-glucosamine

A UDP-amino sugar having N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine as the amino sugar component.


TAXIPHYLLIN

A beta-D-glucoside consisting of (R)-prunasin carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.


NITROETHANE

A nitroalkane that is ethane substituted by a nitro group.


N,N-dimethylaniline

A tertiary amine that is aniline in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups.


Glu-Arg-Gly

A tripeptide composed of L-glutamic acid, L-arginine, and glycine joined in sequence by peptide linkages.


A cineole in which the 1,8-cineole skeleton is substituted at C-2 with a hydroxy group oriented exo (S configuration).


An alpha-amino acid that consists of 2-amino-3-oxo-4-hydroxybutanoic acid in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy function is substituted by a phospho group.


all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate

An all-trans-polyprenyl diphosphate composed from eight isoprenyl units.


haloacetic acid

A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a halogen atom.


2-hydroxy-3-oxoadipic acid

An oxo dicarboxylic acid comprising adipic acid having the oxo group at the 3-position as well as a hydroxy substituent at the 2-position.


An O-acyl carbohydrate consisting of beta-D-glucose carrying a O-trans-cinnamoyl group at the anomeric position.


Allantoic acid in which one of the aminocarbonyl groups is replaced by hydrogen.


L-cystine

The L-enantiomer of the sulfur-containing amino acid cystine.


dATP

A purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate having adenine as the nucleobase.


phytanic acid

A branched-chain saturated fatty acid consisting of hexadecanoic acid carrying methyl substituents at positions 3, 7, 11 and 15.


UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine

A UDP-amino sugar having N-acetyl-D-mannosamine as the amino sugar component.


O-acetyl-L-homoserine

The O-acetyl derivative of L-homoserine.


beta-D-galactosyl group

A galactosyl group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of beta-D-galactose and, by extension, of a lower oligosaccharide having galactose at the reducing end. The unsubstituted parent of the class of beta-D-galactosyl groups.


A 1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol having acetyl as the acyl substituent.


BARBITURIC ACID

A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4 and -6 by oxo groups.  Barbituric acid is the parent compound of barbiturate drugs, although it is not itself pharmacologically active.


A glycosylglycerol derivative in which the glycosyl moiety alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->6)-alpha-D-glucose is attached at position 3 of 1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol


Ser-Asp-Lys

A tripeptide composed of L-serine, L-aspartic acid and L-lysine amino acids joined in sequence by peptide linkages.


D-tryptophan

The D-enantiomer of tryptophan.


A glycopentaosylceramide having N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the pentasaccharide component.


D-mannitol 1-phosphate

An alditol 1-phosphate that is the 1-O-phospho derivative of mannitol with D-configuration.


dehydrocoformycin

A coformycin derivative in which the hydroxy group on the diazepine ring of coformycin is replaced by an oxo group.


alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate

The 1-phospho derivative of alpha-D-ribose.


nitrite

The nitrogen oxoanion formed by loss of a proton from nitrous acid.


DIAMINOPROPANOIC ACID

A 3-aminoalanine that has S configuration.


cob(II)alamin

A cobalamin in which the central cobalt atom has an oxidation state of +2.


anthocyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside

An anthocyanidin glucoside having the glucosyl residue at the 3-position attached via a beta-linkage.


sulcatone

A  heptenone that is hept-5-en-2-one substituted by a methyl group at position 6. It is a volatile oil component of citronella oil, lemon-grass oil and palmarosa oil.


DEOXYCYTIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE

A 2'-deoxycytidine phosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase.


D-proline

The D-enantiomer of proline.


A member of the class of catechols that is benzene-1,2-diol substituted by a nitro group at position 4.It is the by-product of the hydroxylation of p-nitrophenol.


2-acetamido-5-oxopentanoic acid

A glutamic semialdehyde that is L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.


(R)-3-aminoisobutyric acid

The (R)-enantiomer of 3-aminoisobutyric acid.


A tricarboxylic acid that is buta-1,3-diene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4.


A plastoquinol in which a prenyl group is attached to position 5 of 2,3-dimethylhydroquinone.


lithocholic acid

A monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid with a alpha-hydroxy substituent at position 3. It is a bile acid obtained from chenodeoxycholic acid by bacterial action.


alpha-D-hexose 1-phosphate

Any hexose-1-phosphate which has D configuration at position 5 and alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre.


2-oxosuccinamic acid

A dicarboxylic acid monoamide that is  succinamic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 2.


dihydrotestosterone

A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5.


phloretate

A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of phloretic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.


D-xylulose 5-phosphate

The D-enantiomer of xylulose 5-phosphate.


2-arylpropionic acid

A class of carboxylic acids of general formula RCHCH3C(=O)OH where R represents an aryl group.


adenosine

A ribonucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribofuranose moiety via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond.


hyaluronic acid

A mucopolysaccharide composed of N-acetylglucosamine and glucuronic acid subunits. It is found in the connective tissues of vertebrates. A principal constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM), it mediates the growth and metastasis of tumour cells.


phosphatidic acid

A derivative of glycerol in which one hydroxy group, commonly but not necessarily primary, is esterified with phosphoric acid and the other two are esterified with fatty acids.


A doubly-charged L-alpha-amino acid anion resulting from deprotonation of both carboxy groups of 4-hydroxy-L-glutamic acid.


An imidazolidine-2,4-dione having a carboxymethyl group at the 5-position.


phenylethanolamine

The simplest member of the class of  phenylethanolamines that is 2-aminoethanol bearing a phenyl substituent at the 1-position. The parent of the phenylethanolamine class.


guanidoacetic acid

The N-amidino derivative of glycine.


L-cysteine sulphinic acid

The organosulfinic acid arising from oxidation of the sulfhydryl group of L-cysteine.


The (S)-enantiomer of 1-phenylethanol.


L-carnitine

The (R)-enantiomer of carnitine.


3-nitropropanoic acid

A C-nitro compound that is propanoic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a nitro group.


L-citrulline

The L-enantiomer of citrulline.


A is a monophosphoglyceric acid having the phosphate group at the 3-position as well as an alpha-D-mannosyl residue attached at the 2-position.


4-hydroxy-1-pyrroline-2-carboxylic acid

A 1-pyrrolinecarboxylic acid having a hydroxy substituent at the 4-position.


sinapine

An acylcholine in which the acyl group specified is sinapoyl.


N-methylhydantoin

A imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is the N-methyl-derivative of hydantoin.


An organoiodine compound that is iodobenzene substituted by methoxy group at psotion 2.


cyclic GMP

A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine.


cholic acid

A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid bearing three alpha-hydroxy substituents at position 3, 7 and 12.


A group obtained by removing the hydroxy group from the hemiacetal function of alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-beta-D-galactose.


santonin

A  santonin that is 3a,5,5a,9b-tetrahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-2,8(3H,4H)-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5a and 9.


A dihydroxypyridine that is pyridine substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 5.


A monohydroxyquinoline carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an intermediate metabolite produced duting the microbial degradation of quinoline.


anthocyanidin cation

Any organic cation that is an aglycon of anthocyanin cation; they are oxygenated derivatives of flavylium (2-phenylchromenylium).


An isochromane that is mellein bearing an additional hydroxy substituent at the 6-position.


5-dehydro-4-deoxy-D-glucaric acid

An oxo dicarboxylic acid that is derived from 4-deoxy-D-glucaric acid by oxidation of the hydroxy group at position 5 to give the corresponding ketone.


CDP-acylglycerol

A CDP-glycerol compound having an acyl substituent on its primary hydroxyl group.


The 5alpha-stereoisomer of  4,5-dihydrocortisone.


menaquinone

Any member of the class of menaquinones that is 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone with an unsaturated isoprenoid chain at the 3-position.


D-cysteine

An optically active form of cysteine having D-configuration.


An aconitate(3-) that is the conjugate base of cis-aconitic acid.


trans-5-O-caffeoyl-D-quinic acid

A cinnamate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid with the 5-hydroxy group of quinic acid.


organic sulfide

Compounds having the structure RSR (R =/= H). Such compounds were once called thioethers.


(R)-N-methylcoclaurine

The (R)-enantiomer of N-methylcoclaurine.


4-hydroxymandelic acid

A 2-hydroxy carboxylic acid that is mandelic acid bearing a phenolic hydroxy substituent at position 4.


Coenzyme Q2

Any benzoquinone derived from 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methylbenzoquinone; one of a group of naturally occurring homologues. The redox-active quinoid moiety usually carries a polyprenoid side chain at position 6, the number of isoprenoid units in which is species-specific. Ubiquinones are involved in the control of mitochondrial electron transport, and are also potent anti-oxidants.


sphingosine

A sphing-4-enine in which the double bond is trans.


N-METHYLANTHRANILIC ACID

An aromatic amino acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a methyl group.


An N-acetoxyarylamine having 1,1'-biphenyl-4-amine as the arylamine component.


formamide

The simplest monocarboxylic acid amide, obtained by formal condensation of formic acid with ammonia. The parent of the class of formaldehydes.


D-threonine

An optically active form of threonine having D-configuration.


N(3)-oxalyl-L-2,3-diaminopropionic acid

An N(beta)-acyl-L-2,3-diaminopropionic acid in which the acyl group is oxalyl.


GOSSYPETIN

A hexahydroxyflavone having the hydroxy groups placed at the 3-, 3'-, 4'-, 5- 7- and 8-positions.


beta-D-mannosyl decaprenyl phosphate

A polyprenyl glycosyl phosphate that is 1-O-phosphono-beta-D-mannopyranose in which one of the hydroxy groups of the phosphate is substituted by a [(2Z,6Z,10Z,14Z,18Z,22Z,26Z,30Z,34E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35,39-decamethyltetraconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30,34,38-decaen-1-yl]oxy group.


A beta-D-Xylp-(1->6)-D-Glcp in which the carbon bearing the anomeric hydroxy group has beta configuration.


vomilenine

An indole alkaloid that is vinorine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 21.


5-pyridoxic acid

A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine-3-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5, hydroxy methyl group at position 4 and a methyl group at position 6.


PYRIDOXAMINE

A monohydroxypyridine that is pyridine substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3, an aminomethyl group at position 4, a hydroxymethyl group at position 5 and a methyl group at position 2. The 4-aminomethyl form of vitamin B6, it is used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt) for treatment of diabetic nephropathy.


INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID

A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group.


lipopolysaccharide

Liposaccharide natural compounds consisting of a trisaccharide repeating unit (two heptose units and octulosonic acid) with oligosaccharide side chains and 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid units (they are a major constituent of the cell walls of Gram-negative bacteria).


A butynediol that is but-2-yne substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 4.


L-valine

The L-enantiomer of valine.


protopine

A dibenzazecine alkaloid isolated from Fumaria vaillantii.


The (20S)-stereoisomer of 17,20-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one.


Thr-Pro-Pro

A tripeptide composed of one L-threonine and two L-proline units joined by peptide linkages.


triclosan

An aromatic ether that is phenol which is substituted at C-5 by a chloro group and at C-2 by a 2,4-dichlorophenoxy group. It is widely used as a preservative and antimicrobial agent in personal care products such as soaps, skin creams, toothpaste and deodorants as well as in household items such as plastic chopping boards, sports equipment and shoes.


androstenedione

A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal glands and gonads.


(9Z)-octadec-9-en-12-ynoic acid

An octadecenynoic acid having a cis-double bond at C-9 and a triple bond at position 12.


PHENYLACETALDEHYDE

An aldehyde that consists of acetaldehyde bearing a methyl substituent; the parent member of the phenylacetaldehyde class of compounds.


An indole alkaloid that is vellosimine in which the carbon bearing the aldehyde function has been epimerised.


An organic cation that is 1,2,4,6-tetraoxohexahydropyrimidin-1-ium substituted by a cyclohex-1-en-1-yl group at position 5 and methyl groups at positions 3 and 5.


The intermediate in the biosynthesis of vitamin B12 from uroporphyrinogen III in which four methyl groups have been introduced at positions 2, 7, 17 and 20 of the tetrapyrrole framework, together with ring contraction of the framework forming a bond between C-1 and C-19, leaving C-20 as part of an acetyl group bonded to C-1.


LIMONENE OXIDE

An epoxide resulting from the formal epoxidation of the cyclic double bond of limonene.


caffeic acid

The trans-isomer of caffeic acid.


A hydroxamic acid that is biphenyl-4-amine bearing N-hydroxy and N-acetyl substituents.


A UDP-amino sugar having N-acetyl-3-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-D-glucosamine as the sugar component.


citicoline

A member of the class of  phosphocholines that is the chloine ester of CDP. It is an intermediate obtained in the biosynthetic pathway of structural phospholipids in cell membranes.


N-acetyl-L-histidine

A  histidine derivative that is L-histidine having an acetyl substituent on the alpha-nitrogen.


N-(carboxymethyl)-D-alanine

A derivative of D-alanine having a carboxymethyl substituent on the alpha-nitrogen.


N-methyl-L-glutamic acid

A N-methyl-L-alpha-amino acid with L-glutamic acid as the amino acid component.


D-tagatose

The D-enantiomer of tagatose.


2-acetyllactic acid

A derivative of butyric acid having methyl, hydroxy and oxo substituents at the 2-, 2- and 3-positions respectively.


A 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate having alpha-configuration at the anomeric centre.


DL-Alanine

An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.


DEOXYURIDINE

A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside having uracil as the nucleobase.


A C4-dicarboxylate resuting from deprotonation of both carboxy groups of oxaloacetic acid.


pantothenate

A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of pantothenic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.


A cholestanoid that is 5alpha-cholest-7-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and two methyl groups at position 4.


A ceramide in which the N-acyl moiety bears a hydroxy group alpha- to the carboxamide group.


S,S-dimethyl-beta-propiothetin

A sulfonium betaine obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of 3-dimethylsulfoniopropionic acid.


pentanamide

A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by the formal condensation of valeric acid with ammonia.


polyprenol phosphate

A prenol phosphate resulting from the formal condensation of the terminal allylic hydroxy group of a polyprenol with 1 mol eq. of phosphoric acid.


tauropine

A derivative of L-alanine having a 2-sulfoethyl group attached to the alpha-nitrogen.


N-methylethanolamine phosphate

The O-phospho derivative of N-methylethanolamine.


SALICYL ALCOHOL

A hydroxybenzyl alcohol that is phenol substituted by a hydroxymethyl group at C-2.


A cholestanoid that is 5beta-cholestan-26-al substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 7 and 12 respectively.


L-arginine

An L-alpha-amino acid that is the L-isomer of arginine.


maleylacetate

A 4-oxohex-2-enedioate that is the conjugate base of maleylacetic acid.


estradiol

The 17beta-isomer of estradiol.


A pentanone carrying an oxo substituent at position 2.


cortisol 21-sulfate

A steroid sulfate obtained by the formal condensation of hydroxy group at position 21 of cortisol with sulfuric acid.


NADPH

The reduced form of NADP+; used in anabolic reactions, such as lipid and nucleic acid synthesis, which require NADPH as a reducing agent.


An ammonium ion that is a derivative of L-histidine having a 3-carboxy-3-(methylammonio)propyl group at the 2-position on the imidazole ring.


decaprenol phosphate

A polyprenol phosphate having ten prenyl units in the chain (the all-trans-isomer).


nitric oxide

A nitrogen oxide which is a free radical, each molecule of which consists of one nitrogen and one oxygen atom.


N-(hydroxymethyl)urea

A member of the class of ureas that is urea in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxymethyl group.


NAPHTHALENE

An aromatic hydrocarbon comprising two fused benzene rings. It occurs in the essential oils of numerous plant species e.g. magnolia.


isonocardicin A

A nocardicin in which the beta-lactam moiety is substituted at position 1 by a carboxy(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl group and at position 3 by a [(2Z)-2-(hydroxyimino)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetyl]nitrilo group in which the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a (3S)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl group.


A 18-hydroxy steroid that is corticosterone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 18.


CYCLOPENTANONE

A cyclic ketone that consists of cyclopentane bearing a single oxo substituent.


benzyl cetraxate

The benzyl ester of cetraxate.


meso-2,6-diaminopimelic acid

The meso-isomer of 2,6-diaminopimelic acid. It is a key constituent of bacterial peptidoglycan and is often found in human urine due to the breakdown of the gut microbes.


lumazine

A 2,4-dihydroxypteridine.


A sulfonium betaine that is the conjugate base of S-adenosyl-4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.


1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate

The 5-phospho derivative of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose.


thioctic acid

A heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position.


A cholestanoid that is lathosterone bearing an alpha-methyl substituent at position 4.


DEOXYGUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE

A purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate having guanine as the nucleobase.


N-acylneuraminic acid

Any neuraminic acid carrying an N-acyl substituent.


A fenchone that has 1S,4R stereochemistry. A colourless, oily liquid found in fennel oil, it is used in perfumery and as flavour in foods.


A phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate in which the inositol moiety has configuration 1D-myo.


L-arabinonate

Conjugate base of L-arabinonic acid.


dihydrostreptomycin 6-phosphate

The 6-O-phospho derivative of dihydrostreptomycin.


A glycopentaosylceramide having N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucose as the pentasaccharide component.


A myo-inositol pentakisphosphate comprising 1D-myo-inositol having the five phosphate groups placed in the 1-' 2-' 4-, 5- and 6-positions.


cis,cis-muconic acid

The cis,cis-isomer of  muconic acid. It is produced during the degradation of chlorobenzene by bacteria like Bacillus.


benzoquinone

The simplest member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones, obtained by the formal oxidation of hydroquinone to the corresponding diketone. It is a metabolite of benzene.


A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 3-hydroxypropionic acid.


A polyprenyl glycosyl diphosphate having N-acetyl-D-glucosamine as the glycosyl fragment.


(S)-N-methylcanadine

A quaternary ammonium ion that is (S)-canadine bearing an N-methyl substituent.


Tyr-Ile-Leu

A tripeptide composed of L-tyrosine, L-isoleucine, and L-leucine joined in sequence by peptide linkages.


hydroxymalonic acid

A dicarboxylic acid that is malonic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


CHRYSOERIOL

The 3'-O-methyl derivative of luteolin.


TRIMETAPHOSPHORIC ACID

The cyclic anhydride of triphosphoric acid.


R'C(R)SH

Any organosulfur compound with structure R'C(R)SH in which R and R' can be =S or =O, or a variety of other groups.


lanosterol

A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is lanosta-8,24-diene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at the 3beta position. It is the compound from which all steroids are derived.


METHYL 3-HYDROXYBENZOATE

A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-hydroxybenzoic acid with methanol.


trans-zeatin

The trans-isomer of zeatin.


D-serine

The R-enantiomer of serine.


testosterone acetate

An androstanoid that is the acetate derivative of  testosterone.


taurochenodeoxycholic acid

A bile acid taurine conjugate of  chenodeoxycholic acid.


carbon dioxide

A one-carbon compound with formula CO2 in which the carbon is attached to each oxygen atom by a double bond. A colourless, odourless gas under normal conditions, it is produced during respiration by all animals, fungi and microorganisms that depend directly or indirectly on living or decaying plants for food.


A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-oxo derivative of isovaleric acid.


N-benzyloxycarbonylglycine

A derivative of glycine having a benzyloxycarbonyl protecting group attached to the nitrogen.


L-tryptophanamide

An  amino acid amide that is the carboxamide of L-tryptophan.


D-galactonic acid

A galactonic acid compound having D-configuration.


DIKETOPIPERAZINE

A cyclic peptide that is piperazine in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by oxo groups.


ORCINOL

A 5-alkylresorcinol in which the alkyl group is specified as methyl.


A dicarboxylic acid dianion that is the conjugate base of galactarate(1-).


A monohydroxypyridine that is pyridine substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.


L-serine phosphoethanolamine

The L-enantiomer of serine phosphoethanolamine.


An N(2)-acyl-L-ornithine where the acyl group is specified to be acetyl.


The simplest member of the class of delta-lactone that is tetrahydro-2H-pyran substituted by an oxo group at position 2.


A glucosyl hydroxycinnamic acid that is the cinnamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy group of trans-sinapic acid with the anomeric hydroxy group of beta-D-glucose.


CONIFERYL ALDEHYDE

A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is cinnamaldehyde substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3.


5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid

An icosatrienoic acid with three bonds at positions 5, 8 and 11.


KEPONE

An  organochlorine compound with insecticidal activity.


A UDP-amino sugar having 2-acetamido-4-amino-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-glucose as the sugar component.


xanthommatin

An ommochrome that consists of a pyrido[3,2-a]phenoxazine ring system bearing hydroxy, carboxy, oxo and 3-amino-3-carboxypropanoyl substituents at positions 1, 3, 5 and 11 respectively. The parent of the class of xanthommatins.


A secondary alcohol that is nonane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3.


TREHALOSE

A trehalose in which both glucose residues have alpha-configuration at the anomeric carbon.


A secondary alcohol that is heptane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4.


N-formyl-L-methionine

A L-methionine derivative in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a formyl group.


name: N-Ethyl N-(2-hydroxy-ethyl) arachidonoyl amine


sym-homospermidine

A polyazaalkane comprising undecane with three aza groups placed at the 1-, 6- and 11-positions.


ethanethioic S-acid

A thioacetic acid that is acetic acid in which the oxygen atom of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a sulfur atom.


CMP-sialic acid

A nucleotide sugar used as a donor by glycosyltransferases for the synthesis of sugar chains


quercetin 3,3',7-trissulfate

A quercetin trissulfate having the three sulfo groups placed at the 3-, 3'- and 7-positions.


triacetic acid

A dioxo monocarboxylic acid comprising hexanoic acid with the two oxo groups placed at the 3- and 5-positions.


name: luteolin 7-O-[(beta-D-glucosyluronic acid)-(1->2)-(beta-D-glucosiduronic acid)]


3-phospho-D-erythronic acid

A phosphoerythronic acid that consists of D-erythronic acid bearing an O-phospho substituent at position 3.


A monocarboxylic acid amide that is acetamide substituted by a phenyl group at position 2.


TETRAHYDROPALMATINE

A berberine alkaloid obtained by formal addition of two molecules of hydrogen to the pyridine ring of palmatine.


pentyl octanoate

An octanoate ester obtained by the formal condensation of carboxy group of octanoic acid with pentan-1-ol.


An N-acetyl-D-galactosaminyl group in which a sialic acid residue (Neu5Ac) is linked alpha(2->3) to a galactose residue which is in turn linked beta(1->3) to the D-GalNAc group which has alpha-configuration at its anomeric centre.


dihydrosphingosine

A 2-aminooctadecane-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.


anthranilate

An aminobenzoate that is the conjugate base of anthranilic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.


A quinoline having the keto group at the 4-position and an additional hydroxy substituent at the 3-position.


The N(6)-hydroxy derivative of L-lysine.


oxidised poly(vinyl alcohol)

A homopolymer macromolecule obtained by oxidiation of poly(vinyl alcohol). For the sake of convenience, a representative structure of the repeating unit is depicted; the extent of oxidation is variable.


The simplest member of the class of  3-ethylcatechols that is catechol bearing an ethyl substituent at position 3.


carbonyl sulfide

A one-carbon compound in which the carbon atom is attached to an oxygen and a sulfur atom via double bonds.


A cycloalkane that is cyclohexane substituted by a methyl group at positions 1 and 4.


An alkane that is pentane substituted by a methyl group at positions 2,3 and 4. It is a constituent of gasoline.


An alkane that is pentane substituted by an ethyl group at position 3.


An alkane that is decane in which the two methylene hydrogens at position 3 have been replaced by a methyl group and an ethyl group.


methylcyclohexane

A cycloalkane that is cyclohexane substituted by a single methyl group.


D-alanyl-D-alanine

A dipeptide comprising D-alanine with a D-alanyl residue attached to the alpha-nitrogen. It is a component of bacterial peptidoglycan and forms an important target for development of antibacterial drugs .


A cholestanoid that is 5beta-cholestan-26-oic acid substituted by alpha-hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.


ANISOLE

A monomethoxybenzene that is benzene substituted by a methoxy group.


A N-substituted amine that is 4-aminobiphenyl substituted by a hydroxy group at the nitrogen atom.


pregnenolone

A 20-oxo steroid that is pregn-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 20.


oxaluric acid

A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is amino(oxo)acetic acid substituted by a carbamoylamino group at the nitrogen atom.


BUTANEDIONE

An alpha-diketone that is butane substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite produced during the malolactic fermentation.


isopentenyl diphosphate

A prenol phosphate comprising 3-methylbut-3-en-1-ol having an O-diphosphate substituent.


L-lombricine

The L-enantiomer of lombricine.


6-aminocaproic acid

An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.


An  ecdysteroid that is ecdysone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 20.


The 2(1)-phospho derivative of D-hamamelose.


N-acetyl-S-phenyl-L-cysteine

The S-phenyl derivative of N-acetyl-L-cysteine. It is a urinary metabolite of benzene and used as a biomarker to assess benzene exposure.


O-feruloylgalactaric acid

Galactaric acid in which the hydrogen of one of the alcoholic hydroxy groups has been replaced by a feruloyl group.


all-trans-undecaprenol

A long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is the all-trans-isomer of undecaprenol.


CANADINE

The (S)-enantiomer of canadine.


L-xylulose 5-phosphate

The 5-O-phospho derivative of L-xylulose.


An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the  conjugate base of 2,4-diaminopentanoic acid.


An anthocyanin cation that is cyanidin in which the hydroxyl hydrogens at positions 3 and 5 are replaced by rutinosyl and glucosyl residues respectively.


glycerol 1,2-cyclic phosphate

The 1,2-cyclic phosphate derived from glycerol.


DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHYLENE

A chlorophenylethylene that is ethylene substituted by two 4-chlorophenyl groups at position 1 and two chlorine atoms at position 2.


(+)-isodihydrocarvone

The (1S,4R)-stereoisomer of dihydrocarvone.


mesaconic acid

A dicarboxylic acid consisting of fumaric acid having a methyl substituent at the 2-position.


trichloroethylene

A member of the class of  chloroethenes that is ethene substituted by chloro groups at positions 1, 1 and 2.


DIMBOA glucoside

A cyclic hydroxamic acid that is  DIMBOA attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 2 via a glycosidic linkage.


ALLYL ALCOHOL

A propenol in which the C=C bond connects C-2 and C-3. It is has been found in garlic (Allium sativum). Formerly used as a herbicide for the control of various grass and weed seeds.


trimellitic acid

Benzene substituted at the 1,2, and 4 positions by carboxy groups.


N-benzoyl-4-hydroxyanthranilic acid

The N-benzoyl-4-hydroxy derivative of anthranilic acid.


An  aminoimidazole  that is 1H-imidazole substituted by an amino group at position 4.


A cholestanoid that is 5alpha-cholestane substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3.


The 2-dehydro derivative of D-glucose.


spermidine

A triamine that is the 1,5,10-triaza derivative of decane.


5'-phosphonucleoside 3'-diphosphate

A nucleoside bisphosphate compound having a phosphate group at the 5'-position and a diphosphate group at the 3'-position.


glutathionylspermidine

The spermidine amide of glutathione.


biotin amide

A monocarboxylic acid amide derived from  biotin.


2-methylpropanal O-methyloxime

An oxime O-ether that is 2-methylpropan-1-imine substituted by a methoxy group at the nitrogen atom.


A glycerophosphoinositol acylated at O(1) of the glycerol moiety.


FARNESOL

The (2-trans,6-trans)-stereoisomer of  farnesol.


A TDP sugar having 4-dehydro-6-deoxy-D-galactose as the sugar fragment.


N-phosphotaurocyamine

The N-phospho derivative of taurocyamine.


3-dehydro-2-deoxy-D-gluconic acid

The 3-dehydro-2-deoxy derivative of D-gluconic acid.


methylmalonyl-CoA

A member of the class of malonyl-CoAs that is  malonyl-CoA carrying a methyl group on the malony side chain.


methylguanidine

A guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a methyl group.


An  aminopyrimidine that is pyrimidin-4-amine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a diphosphooxymethyl group at position 5.


A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 3-dehydroshikimic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.


vitexin 2''-O-beta-D-glucoside

A disaccharide derivative that is the 2''-O-glucosyl derivative of vitexin.


vanillate

A methoxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of vanillic acid.


SELENOCYSTEINE

The L-enantiomer of selenocysteine.


RAFFINOSE

A trisaccharide composed of alpha-D-galactopyranose, alpha-D-glucopyranose and beta-D-fructofuranose joined in sequence by 1->6 and 1<->2 glycosidic linkages, respectively.


A methylbutanal that is butanal substituted by a methyl group at position 3. It occurs as a volatile constituent in olives.


A  methoxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of 4-methoxybenzoic acid.


ethyl (R)-3-hydroxyhexanoate

The (R)-enantiomer of  ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate.


L-methionine

The L-enantiomer of methionine.


carbohydrate

Any member of the class of organooxygen compounds that is a polyhydroxy-aldehyde or -ketone or a lactol resulting from their intramolecular condensation (monosaccharides); substances derived from these by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom; and polymeric products arising by intermolecular acetal formation between two or more such molecules (disaccharides, polysaccharides and oligosaccharides). Carbohydrates contain only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms; prior to any oxidation or reduction, most have the empirical formula Cm(H2O)n. Compounds obtained from carbohydrates by substitution, etc., are known as carbohydrate derivatives and may contain other elements. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates.


L-fuculose 1-phosphate

The 1-O-phospho derivative of L-fuculose.


A monohydroxyacetophenone that is acetophenone carrying methyl and hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4, respectively.


3-sulfinylpyruvic acid

A pyruvic acid compound having a 3-sulfinyl substituent.


UDP-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine

A UDP-sugar having N-acetyl-D-galactosamine as the sugar component.


ethyl 4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylate

An ethyl ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-oxocyclohexanecarboxylic acid with ethanol.


(S)-lactate

An optically active form of lactate having (S)-configuration.


arcaine

A guanidine derivative consisting of butane having guanidino groups at the 1- and 4-positions.


An oxalane substituted by an oxo group at position 3.


(R)-4-dehydropantoic acid

The 4-dehydro derivative of (R)-pantoic acid.


A hydroxypiperidine that is duvoglustat in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a methyl group. It is an inhibitor of alpha-glucosidase, an agonist of the glucose sensor SGLT3 and exhibits anti-HIV activity.


Any glycosyloxyflavone that consists of a flavonol attached to a xylosylglycosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage.


D-glycerate

A glycerate that is the conjugate base of D-glyceric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.


A 4-hydroxymandelonitrile that has (S)-configuration.


poly-cis-polyprenyl diphosphate

Any polyprenol diphosphate in which all of the tetrasubstituted C=C double bonds have cis configuration.


albendazole

A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a propylsulfanyl group at position 5. It is commonly used in the treatment of parasitic worm infestations.


3-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)propanoic acid

A monocarboxylic acid that is 3-phenylpropionic acid in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 of the phenyl ring are replaced by methoxy groups.


3-phenylbutyric acid

A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted by a phenyl group at position 3.


prephenic acid

An  oxo dicarboxylic acid that consists of 4-hydroxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by a 2-carboxy-2-oxoethyl group at position 1.


A hydroxynitrile that is phenylacetonitrile substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4.


HYPOTAURINE

An aminosulfinic acid comprising ethylamine having the sulfo group at the 2-position.


protochlorophyllide

An analogue of chlorophyll that lacks the phytol side-chain. The parent of the protochlorophyllide class.


QUINOLINIC ACID

A pyridinedicarboxylic acid that is pyridine substituted by carboxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite of tryptophan.


A glucocorticoid that is prednisolone in which the oxo group at position 20 has been reduced to the corresponding alpha-hydroxy group. It is a metabolite of prednisolone.


S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

An organic sulfide that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-homocysteine.


N-acetyl-beta-alanine

The N-acetyl derivative of beta-alanine.


A member of the class of thiophenes that is thiophene substituted by a carbonyl-L-arginine and (2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-4-sulfonyl)amino groups at positions 2 and 3. It is an inhibitor of the neuropilin-1 and VEGF-A interaction and a potential anti-cancer agent.


peptide antigen zwitterion

Zwitterionic form of any peptide antigen obtained from the tranfer of a proton from the carboxy group to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3.


pentamethonium bromide

A quarternary ammonium cation that is cadaverine in which the terminal amino hydrogens are substituted methyl groups. Its bromide and iodide salt exhibits ganglionic blocking activity and used in the treatment of hypertension.


colforsin daropate

A carboxylic ester resuting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N,N-dimethyl-beta-alanine with the 6-hydroxy group of forskolin. It is an adenylate cyclase activator.


saccharolipid

Lipids that contain a carbohydrate moiety.


ochratoxin A(1-)

A monocarboxylic acid anion that is conjugate base of ochratoxin A, arising from the deprotonation of the carboxy group. Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


colforsin daropate(1+)

A tertiary ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of colforsin daropate, resulting from the protonation of the tertiary amine group. Major species at pH 7.3.


dodeclonium bromide

An aromatic ether that is 4-chlorophenol in which the hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-[dodecyl(dimethyl)azaniumyl]ethoxy group.


A L-histidine derivative that is L-histidine in which a hydrogen of the primary amino group is substituted by a (1S)-1-carboxy-3-methylbutyl group and the ring NH group is substituted by a 3,5-dichlorobenzyl group. It is a potent and selective human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) inhibitor (IC50 = 0.44 nM) which was in clinical development for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.


tachysterol 3

A hydroxy seco-steroid that results from the photoisomerization of previtamin D3.


2,3-dichlorobenzoic acid

A chlorobenzoic acid that is benzoic acid in which the ring hydrogens at positions 2 and 3 are substituted by chloro groups.


3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid

A chlorobenzoic acid that is benzoic acid in which the ring hydrogens at positions 3 and 5 are substituted by chloro groups.


A chlorobenzoate obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of 3,5-dichlorobenzoic acid. The major species at pH 7.3.


2,3,5-trichlorobenzoic acid

A chlorobenzoic acid that is benzoic acid in which the ring hydrogens at positions 2,3 and 5 are substituted by chloro groups.


3,4,5-trichlorobenzoic acid

A chlorobenzoic acid that is benzoic acid in which the ring hydrogens at positions 3,4 and 5 are substituted by chloro groups.


3-bromobenzoic acid

A bromobenzoic acid carrying a single bromo subsituent at the 3-position.


A chlorobenzoate obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of 2,3-dichlorobenzoic acid. The major species at pH 7.3.


3-iodobenzoic acid

An iodobenzoic acid with a single iodo substituent placed at the 3-position.


2-amino-5-chlorobenzoic acid

A member of the class of chlorobenzoic acids that is benzoic acid in which the ring hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by amino and chloro groups, respectively.


5-chloro-2-methylbenzoic acid

A member of the class of chlorobenzoic acids that is benzoic acid in which the ring hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by methyl and chloro groups, respectively.


A chloroalkane that is butane which carries a chloro group at position 2.


hydroxytrimethylaminium

A methylated tertiary amine that is  trimethylammonium in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a hydroxy group.


A chlorobenzoate obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of 2,3,5-trichlorobenzoic acid. The major species at pH 7.3.


M3 acceptor complex

N-acetylgalactosamine-beta-3-N-acetylglucosamine-beta-4-(phosphate-6-)mannose


An amino oligosaccharide that is a tetradecasaccharide derivative in which two N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosaminyl-(1->3)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->2)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl branched pentasaccharide units are linked (1->3) and (1->6) to the mannose residue of a beta-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-[alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->6)]-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine branched tetrasaccharide.


Any alpha-D-mannoside derived from 2,4-di-O-phospho-alpha-D-mannose


A hexose phosphate that is alpha-D-mannose phosphorylated on O-2 and O-4.


Any glycoside derived from 2,4-di-O-phospho-D-glycero-alpha-D-mannose.


A heptose derivative that is D-glycero-alpha-D-manno-heptose phosphorylated on O-2 and O-4.


glucooctaose

Any octasaccharide composed of 8 glucose moieties.


itramin tosilate

A nitrate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of ethanolamine with the hydroxy group of nitric acid. It causes vasodilation by generating nitric oxide and is used for the treatment of angina pectoris and ischemic heart disease.


A synthetic alpha-galactosylsphingamide in which the galactose ring carries a (2S,3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(dodecanoylamino)-8-oxo-8-[(6-phenylhexyl)amino]octyl moiety at O-1.


nucleocidin

A nucleoside antibiotic that is 5'-O-sulfamoyladenosine in which the hydrogen atom at position 4' is replaced by a fluorine atom. It is a natural product synthesized by several Streptomyces species. It exhibits broad spectrum antibacterial activity, and also has a strong effect against Trypanosoma brucei, the protozoan parasite responsible for the African sleeping sickness.


chrysogine

A quinazolin-4-one where the hydrogen atom in position 2 is substituted with a 1-hydroxyethyl group. It is a natural yellow pigment found in many filamentous fungi, including the Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium genera.


A primary ammonium ion that is the conjugate acid of 5-methoxytryptamine obtained by the protonation of the primary amino group. Major microspecies at pH 7.3.


3-D-galactosyl glycerol

A D-galactosylglycerol in which consisting of D-galactopyranose joined to one of the primary hydroxy groups of glycerol by a glycosidic bond.


A galactotriose that is beta-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 6 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-galactopyranosyl derivatives.


A synthetic alpha-galactosylsphingamide in which the galactose ring carries a (2S,3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(icosanoylamino)-8-oxo-8-[(6-phenylhexyl)amino]octyl moiety at O-1.


A synthetic alpha-galactosylsphingamide in which the galactose ring carries a (2S,3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(hexacosanoylamino)-8-oxo-8-[(6-phenylhexyl)amino]octyl moiety at O-1.


ECDYSONE

A 6-oxo steroid that is 5beta-cholest-7-en-6-one substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2, 3, 14, 22 and 25 respectively (the 2beta, 3beta, 22R stereoisomer). It is a steroid prohormone of the major insect moulting hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone.


A synthetic alpha-galactosylsphingamide in which the galactose ring carries a (2S,3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(octanoylamino)-8-oxo-8-[(6-phenylbutyl)amino]octyl moiety at O-1.


poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)

An elastomeric copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate used to produce "rubber-like" materials.


A synthetic alpha-galactosylsphingamide in which the galactose ring carries a (2S,3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(hexacosanoylamino)-8-oxo-8-[(4-pentylphenyl)amino]octyl moiety at O-1.


3-methylvaleric acid

A methyl-branched fatty acid that is pentanoic acid which carries a methyl group at position 3.


A synthetic alpha-galactosylsphingamide in which the galactose ring carries a (2S,3S,4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-(hexadecanoylamino)-8-oxo-8-[(6-phenylhexyl)amino]octyl moiety at O-1


avenasterol

A stigmastane sterol that is 5alpha-stigmastane carrying a hydroxy group at position 3beta and double bonds at positions 7 and 24.