blood vessel diameter maintenance

description: Any process that modulates the diameter of blood vessels.


name: medial ganglionic eminence cell proliferation

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The multiplication or reproduction of medial ganglionic eminence cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.


enterobactin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of enterobactin, a catechol-derived siderochrome of Enterobacteria; enterobactin (N',N',N''-(2,6,10-trioxo-1,5,9-triacyclodecane-3,7,11-triyl)tris(2,3-dihydroxy)benzamide) is a self-triester of 2,3-dihydroxy-N-benzoyl-L-serine and a product of the shikimate pathway.


cerebral blood circulation

description: The flow of blood through the network of arteries and veins supplying the cerebrum, enabling the transport of nutrients to the tissues and the removal of waste products.


coumarin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving coumarins, compounds derived from the phenylacrylic skeleton of cinnamic acids.


eosinophil fate specification

description: The process involved in the specification of identity of an eosinophil cell. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment.


name: regulation of xenobiotic detoxification by transmembrane export across the plasma membrane

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of xenobiotic transmembrane export. A xenobiotic is a compound foreign to the organism exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical.


category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing (2->6) linked beta-D-fructofuranose residues in fructans.


name: para-aminobenzoic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving para-aminobenzoic acid, an intermediate in the synthesis of folic acid, a compound which some organisms, e.g. prokaryotes, eukaryotic microbes, and plants, can synthesize de novo. Others, notably mammals, cannot. In yeast, it is present as a factor in the B complex of vitamins.


cellular response to X-ray

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of X-ray radiation. An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 nanometers to 100 picometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz to 3 EHz).


name: envenomation resulting in modulation of signal transduction in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant modulation of signal transduction in the bitten organism.


name: endoplasmic reticulum tubular network membrane organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) tubular network membrane.


name: regulation of CDP-diacylglycerol-serine O-phosphatidyltransferase activity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of CDP-diacylglycerol-serine O-phosphatidyltransferase activity.


name: positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of blood vessel endothelial cell differentiation.


response to iron ion starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a starvation stimulus, deprivation of iron ion.


name: formate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of formate from one side of a membrane to the other. Formate is also known as methanoate, the anion HCOO- derived from methanoic (formic) acid.


name: hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amidines

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any non-peptide carbon-nitrogen bond in a cyclic amidine, a compound of the form R-C(=NH)-NH2.


name: striated muscle paramyosin thick filament assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the paramyosin-based thick filaments of myofibrils in striated muscle.


name: norsolorinic acid ketoreductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (1'S)-averantin + NADP+ = norsolorinic acid + NADPH.


name: protein localization to pericentriolar material

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a pericentriolar material.


description: The myristoylation of the N-terminal glycine of proteins to form the derivative N-myristoyl-glycine.


name: formate efflux transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of formate from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.


name: organic hydroxy compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of organic hydroxy compound.


female germ-line cyst encapsulation

description: Formation of a single follicular epithelium around the germ-line derived cells of a cyst formed in the female gonad.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-kynurenine + 2-oxoglutarate = 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoate + L-aspartate.


nylon catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nylon, a polymer where the main polymer chain comprises recurring amide groups; these compounds are generally formed from combinations of diamines, diacids and amino acids.


response to alkane

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an alkane stimulus.


name: cartilage development involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cartilage that will provide a scaffold for mineralization of endochondral bones.


name: negative regulation of cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus.


name: isoleucine N-monooxygenase (oxime forming) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-isoleucine + 2 O2 + 2 NADPH(4-) + 2 H+ = (E)-2-methylbutanal oxime + 2 NADP(3-) + carbon dioxide + 3 H2O.


structural constituent of cell wall

description: The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cell wall.


name: determination of imaginal disc primordium

description: Allocation of embryonic cells to the imaginal disc founder populations, groups of cells that are committed to contribute to the formation of an imaginal disc compartment.


anandamide 14,15 epoxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamine + O2 + reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase] = H+ + H2O + N-(14,15-epoxy-5Z,8Z,11Z-eicosatrienoyl)-ethanolamine + oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase].


gravitropism

description: The orientation of plant parts under the stimulation of gravity.


name: regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell differentiation.


early viral transcription

description: The first phase of viral transcription that occurs after entry of the virus into the host cell, but prior to viral genome replication. It involves the transcription of genes for non-structural proteins, and for lytic viruses, the early gene products are involved in establishing control over the host cell.


wide pore channel activity

description: Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion of propanediol through a large pore, un-gated channel. Examples include gap junctions, which transport substances from one cell to another; and porins which transport substances in and out of bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts.


response to lipoic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoic acid stimulus.


name: regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell.


aurone biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aurones, a series of yellow plant pigments.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, NAD(P) as acceptor

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP.


mitochondrial mRNA polyadenylation

description: The enzymatic addition of a sequence of 40-60 adenylyl residues at the 3' end of a eukaryotic mitochondrial mRNA primary transcript. Mitochondria contain both stabilizing and destabilizing poly(A) tails.


heterocyst development

description: The cellular developmental process by which a cell becomes a heterocyst, a cell that carries out nitrogen fixation. This process involves changes to the cell wall, expression of nitrogenase and other proteins involved in nitrogen fixation, and degradation of photosystem II, which produces oxygen. This process is known to occur in some cyanobacteria.


spermidine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving spermidine, N-(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane.


nucleus disassembly

description: The disaggregation of a nucleus into its constituent components.


spermathecum morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of a spermathecum, a sperm storage organ, are generated and organized. Paired spermathecae lie at the anterior end of the insect uterus on the dorsal side. Each spermatheca consists of an oval shaped capsule, connected to the uterus by a spermathecal stalk.


Schwann cell chemotaxis

description: The directed movement of a Schwann cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis).


response to butyrate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a butyrate stimulus.


histone H2AX kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group to a histone variant H2AX.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: sinapoyl aldehyde + NADP + H2O = 2 H+ + trans-sinapate + NADPH.


erythronolide synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 6 malonyl-CoA + propionyl-CoA = 7 CoA + 6-deoxyerythronolide B.


name: regulation of skeletal muscle fiber differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle fiber differentiation.


epithelial cell fate commitment

description: The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into an epithelial cell.


name: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 signaling pathway

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by a ligand binding to a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: ribitol catabolic process to xylulose 5-phosphate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ribitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. Ribitol is initially converted to D-ribulose, which is phosphorylated to form ribulose 5-phosphate, which is then converted into xylulose 5-phosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzalpyruvate + H2O = pyruvate + 3-methylsalicylaldehyde.


name: modulation of biological quality in another organism

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological quality in another organism. A biological quality is a measurable attribute of an organism or part of an organism, such as size, mass, shape, color, etc.


CAU codon-amino acid adaptor activity

description: A triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activity that recognizes a CAU codon.


name: positive regulation of sulfur utilization

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sulfur utilization.


regulation of viral translation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of viral translation.


name: positive regulation of positive chemotaxis to cAMP by chlorinated alkylphenone

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of directed movement of a motile cell or organism up a concentration gradient of 3',5'-cAMP by the action of a chlorinated alkylphenone. An alkylphenone is an aromatic polyketide with methyl and chlorine substitutions.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4,4-dimethyl-3-oxopentanoate + H+ = 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanone + CO2.


name: heptaprenyl diphosphate synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 4 isopentenyl diphosphate = 4 diphosphate + all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate.


ascorbate glutathione cycle

description: A cyclic series of interconversions involving L-ascorbate and glutathione that scavenges hydrogen peroxide and reduces it to water, with concomitant oxidation of NADPH.


metanephric DCT cell development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a metanephric distal convoluted tubule cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


rhabdomere morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of a rhabdomere are generated and organized. The rhabdomere is the organelle on the apical surface of a photoreceptor cell that contains the visual pigments.


tyrosine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving tyrosine, an aromatic amino acid, 2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid.


histone H4 kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group to a histone H4.


isobutylamine N-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: isobutylamine + NADPH + O2 = isobutylhydroxylamine + NADP+ + H2O.


vitamin E metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamin E, tocopherol, which includes a series of eight structurally similar compounds. Alpha-tocopherol is the most active form in humans and is a powerful biological antioxidant.


THPH synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3 H+ + hexanoyl-CoA + 3 malonyl-CoA = 2,4,6-trihydroxyphenylhexan-1-one + 3 CO2 + 4 CoA.


name: signal transduction in absence of ligand

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the absence of a ligand or the withdrawal of a ligand from a receptor.


adhesion to host cell via type IV pili

description: Attachment of bacterial clusters to the surface of the host in a type IV pili dependent manner. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


agmatinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: agmatine + H2O = putrescine + urea.


name: cellular response to norepinephrine stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a norepinephrine stimulus. Norepinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C8H11NO3; it acts as a hormone, and as a neurotransmitter in most of the sympathetic nervous system.


thioredoxin peroxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: [thioredoxin]-dithiol + hydrogen peroxide = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + H2O.


amitosis

description: Nuclear division that occurs by simple constriction of the nucleus without chromosome condensation or spindle formation.


oviduct epithelium development

description: The progression of the oviduct epithelium over time from its initial formation to the mature structure. An oviduct is a tube through which an ova passes from the ovary to the uterus, or from the ovary to the outside of the organism. The oviduct epithelium is the specialized epithelium that lines the oviduct.


name: type III interferon-mediated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by type III interferon binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Interferon lambda is the only member of the type III interferon found so far.


name: benzaldehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: benzaldehyde + NAD(P)+ + H2O = benzoate + NAD(P)H + H+.


maintenance of diapause

description: The dormancy process that results an organism remaining in diapause. Diapause is a neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low metabolic activity. Associated characteristics of this form of dormancy include reduced morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail. Once initiated, only certain stimuli are capable of releasing the organism from this state, and this characteristic is essential in distinguishing diapause from hibernation.


name: negative regulation of cellulose catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellulose catabolic process.


name: transmembrane monodehydroascorbate reductase activity

description: Oxidation of monodehydroascorbate outside of a membrane coupled to the reduction of L-ascorbate to monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical on the inner side of a membrane. Electrons get transferred across the membrane during the reaction.


synaptonemal complex disassembly

description: The controlled breakdown of a synaptonemal complex.


nipple development

description: The progression of the nipple over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The nipple is a part of the mammary gland that protrudes from the surface ectoderm.


regulation of floral meristem growth

description: Any process involved in maintaining the size and shape of a floral meristem.


name: ortho-trichlorophenol reductive dehalogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,4,6-trichlorophenol + 2 H+ + 2 e- = 2,4-dichlorophenol + HCl.


name: UDP-glucose transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a UDP-glucose from one side of a membrane to the other. UDP-glucose is a substance composed of glucose in glycosidic linkage with uridine diphosphate.


canonical Wnt signaling pathway

description: A type of Wnt signaling pathway in which Wnt binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell results in the by propagation of the molecular signals via beta-catenin, and end with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.


name: fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in double fertilization forming two zygotes

description: The binding and fusion of a sperm, with the plasma membrane of the oocyte as part of the process of double fertilization forming two zygotes.


collagen fibril organization

description: Any process that determines the size and arrangement of collagen fibrils within an extracellular matrix.


name: 6-sulfoquinovose(1-) catabolic process to glycerone phosphate and 3-sulfolactaldehyde

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 6-sulfoquinovose(1-) resulting in the formation of glycerone phosphate (DHAP) and 3-sulfolactaldehyde (SLA).


name: conversion of O-phosphoseryl-tRNA to cysteinyl-tRNA

description: The modification process that results in the conversion of O-phosphoserine charged on a tRNA(Cys) to cysteinyl-tRNA.


methylaspartate ammonia-lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: threo-3-methyl-L-aspartate = mesaconate + NH4.


perithecium development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a perithecium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Peritheicum is a flask-shaped fruiting body of certain molds and ascomycetous fungi having a pore for the escape of spores. In the ascomycetous fungi such as Neurospora crassa and Sordaria macrospora, these perithecia are formed in the sexual phase and they discharge ascospores through the ostiolum at the tip of the perithecial neck.


vernalization response

description: The process of thermal induction in plants in which flowering is promoted by exposure to low temperatures.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a (3E,5Z)-dienoyl-CoA = a (2E,4E)-(5,6-saturated)-dienoyl-CoA.


name: peptidoglycan asparagine synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-gamma-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(beta-D-asparatyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine + ammonium + ATP = H+ + ditrans,octacis-undecaprenyldiphospho-N-acetyl-(N-acetylglucosaminyl)muramoyl-L-alanyl-gamma-D-isoglutaminyl-N-(beta-D-asparaginyl)-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine + AMP + diphosphoric acid.


galactolipid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of galactolipids, any glycolipid containing one of more residues of galactose and/or N-acetylgalactosamine.


pristanate-CoA ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pristanate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + pristanoyl-CoA.


name: regulation of skeletal muscle contraction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of skeletal muscle contraction.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-chloro-4-hydroxy-6-amino-1,3,5-triazine + OH- = 2,4-dihydroxy-6-amino-1,3,5-triazine + Cl-.


name: positive regulation of neural crest cell fate specification

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of neural crest cell fate specification.


benzylpenicillin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving benzylpenicillin.


name: regulation of methanofuran biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of methanofuran biosynthetic process.


erythrulose reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-threitol + NADP+ = D-erythrulose + H+ + NADPH.


malate dehydrogenase (quinone) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + a quinone = oxaloacetate + a quinol.


S-methylmethionine cycle

description: A cyclic series of interconversions involving S-methyl-L-methionine, S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine, S-adenosyl-L-methionine, L-homocysteine, and L-methionine. Converts the methionine group of adenosylmethionine back to free methionine, and may serve regulate the cellular adenosylmethionine level.


sepal vascular tissue pattern formation

description: Vascular tissue pattern formation as it occurs in the sepal of vascular plants.


alkyne catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an alkyne, any acyclic branched or unbranched hydrocarbon (compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen) having a carbon-carbon triple bond and the general formula CnH2n-2.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: phosphomannan(n) + GDP-mannose = phosphomannan(n+1) + GMP.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-xylose + a homogalacturonan = UDP + 4 H+ + a xylogalacturonan.


name: positive regulation of sclerotium development

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of sclerotium development.


metanephric tubule formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a metanephric tubule.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1D-myo-inositol 3,4,6-trisphosphate + ATP = 1D-myo-inositol 1,3,4,6-tetrakisphosphate + ADP + H+.


uronate dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-galacturonate + H2O + NAD+ = galactarate + 2 H+ + NADH.


name: protein localization to medial cortical node

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a medial cortical node.


name: regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secondary metabolite biosynthetic process.


nurse cell apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a nurse cell. During late oogenesis, following the transfer of substances from the nurse cells to the oocyte, nurse cell remnants are cleared from the egg chamber by apoptotic process.


anther wall tapetum development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anther wall tapetum over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


description: Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->4)-beta-D-galactosidic linkages in keratan sulfate.


name: positive regulation of thymocyte aggregation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of thymocyte aggregation.


heart valve cell differentiation

description: The process in which an endocardial cushion cell give rise to a cell that is part of a heart valve.


name: growth plate cartilage chondrocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte that will contribute to the growth of a bone. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage.


name: regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress by p53 class mediator.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on other nitrogenous compounds as donors, oxygen as acceptor

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a nitrogenous group, excluding NH and NH2 groups, acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces oxygen.


D-serine ammonia-lyase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-serine = pyruvate + NH3.


stomach smooth muscle contraction

description: A process in which force is generated within gastric smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs throughout the length of the stomach.


L-pipecolate dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-pipecolate + acceptor = delta1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + reduced acceptor. Delta1-piperideine-6-carboxylate is also known as 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2-carboxylate.


oidium formation

description: The process in which oidia, a type of asexual spore found in fungi, are formed. Oidia are borne a few at a time on very simple hyphae that protrude a short distance into the substrate, and are usually presumed not to constitute the main reproductive strategy of the fungus.


cellular response to astaxanthin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an astaxanthin stimulus.


name: regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell.


name: positive regulation of CD40 signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the CD40 signaling pathway.


acinar cell proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of acinar cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. An acinar cell is a secretory cell that is grouped together with other cells of the same type to form grape-shaped clusters known as acini (singular acinus).


collectin receptor activity

description: Combining with a collectin and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: beta,beta digalactosyldiacylglycerol galactosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 1,2-diacyl-3-beta-D-galactosyl-sn-glycerol + a beta,beta digalactosyldiacylglycerol = a trigalactosyldiacylglycerol + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol.


homogalacturonan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the pectidic homogalacturonan, characterized by a backbone of (1->4)-linked alpha-D-GalpA residues that can be methyl-esterified at C-6 and carry acetyl groups on O-2 and O-3.


guanylyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a guanylyl group to an acceptor.


name: regulation of cellular response to amino acid starvation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to amino acid starvation.


sinus venosus morphogenesis

description: The process in which the sinus venosus is generated and organized. The sinus venosus is a heart chamber attached to the atrium on the venous side of the embryonic heart.


name: inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of inorganic anions from one side of a membrane to the other. Inorganic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage.


regulation of muscle hyperplasia

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of muscle hyperplasia.


name: HLA-A specific activating MHC class I receptor activity

description: Combining with a MHC class I molecule of the HLA-A subclass to mediate signaling that activates a lymphocyte.


positive regulation of vasoconstriction

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vasoconstriction.


pyruvate, water dikinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O + pyruvate = AMP + 3 H+ + phosphate + phosphoenolpyruvate.


fructuronate reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-mannonate + NAD+ = D-fructuronate + H+ + NADH.


name: negative regulation of iodide transmembrane transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of iodide transmembrane transport.


name: phospholipase D-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway in which the signal is transmitted via the activation of phospholipase D (PLD) and a subsequent increase in the intracellular concentration of phosphatidic acid (PA).


name: peroxisome matrix targeting signal-2 binding

description: Binding to a type 2 peroxisome targeting signal, a nonapeptide with a broad consensus sequence of (R/K)-(L/V/I)-(XXXXX)-(H/Q)-(L/A/F).


name: soyasapogenol B glucuronide galactosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-galactose + soyasapogenol B 3-O-beta-glucuronate = H+ + UDP + soyasaponin III.


isoleucine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving isoleucine, (2R*,3R*)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (+)-sesaminol + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = (+)-sesaminol 2-O-beta-D-glucoside + UDP + H+.


name: negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the BMP signaling pathway.


name: 5-methylthiopropyl glucosinolate S-oxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methylthiopropyl-glucosinolate = 5-methylsulfinylpropyl-glucosinolate.


name: chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus

description: A chronic inflammatory response to an antigenic stimulus. A chronic inflammatory response persists indefinitely during days, weeks, or months in the life of an individual.


name: symbiont-mediated detoxification of host-generated reactive oxygen species

description: A process in which a symbiont interferes with, inhibits or disrupts the host reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated innate immune response by directly degrading host ROS. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: negative regulation of mitochondrial calcium ion concentration

description: Any process that decreases the concentration of calcium ions in mitochondria.


name: tRNA-guanosine(34) queuine transglycosylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: guanosine34 in tRNA + queuine = guanine + queuosine34 in tRNA.


name: lymphocyte chemotaxis across high endothelial venule

description: The movement of a lymphocyte to cross a high endothelial venule in response to an external stimulus.


name: potassium:chloride symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: K+(out) + Cl-(out) = K+(in) + Cl-(in).


name: positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


N-terminal protein myristoylation

description: The covalent attachment of a myristoyl group to the N-terminal amino acid residue of a protein.


Golgi transport vesicle coating

description: The addition of specific coat proteins to Golgi membranes during the formation of transport vesicles.


histone H4K5 deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H4 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 12) + H2O = histone H4 L-lysine (position 5) + acetate. This reaction represents the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 5 of the histone H4 protein.


trigeminal nerve development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the trigeminal nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trigeminal nerve is composed of three large branches. They are the ophthalmic (V1, sensory), maxillary (V2, sensory) and mandibular (V3, motor and sensory) branches. The sensory ophthalmic branch travels through the superior orbital fissure and passes through the orbit to reach the skin of the forehead and top of the head. The maxillary nerve contains sensory branches that reach the pterygopalatine fossa via the inferior orbital fissure (face, cheek and upper teeth) and pterygopalatine canal (soft and hard palate, nasal cavity and pharynx). The motor part of the mandibular branch is distributed to the muscles of mastication, the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric. The mandibular nerve also innervates the tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani muscles. The sensory part of the mandibular nerve is composed of branches that carry general sensory information from the mucous membranes of the mouth and cheek, anterior two-thirds of the tongue, lower teeth, skin of the lower jaw, side of the head and scalp and meninges of the anterior and middle cranial fossae.


plant endodermal cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a plant endodermal cell.


rRNA pseudouridylation guide activity

description: Specifies the site of pseudouridylation in an rRNA molecule by base pairing with a short sequence around the target residue.


telomere formation via telomerase

description: A cellular process that results in the formation of a telomere at a non-telomeric double-stranded DNA end that involves the activity of a telomerase enzyme.


quinone catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of quinone.


bacteriocin immunity

description: A process that mediates resistance to a bacteriocin: any of a heterogeneous group of polypeptide antibiotics that are secreted by certain bacterial strains and are able to kill cells of other susceptible (frequently related) strains after adsorption at specific receptors on the cell surface. They include the colicins, and their mechanisms of action vary.


name: negative regulation of gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gibberellic acid mediated signaling activity.


name: 6-deoxotyphasterol C-23 hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 6-deoxotyphasterol + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor = 6-deoxocastasterone + H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: phenylthioacetohydroximate + UDP-D-glucose = desulfoglucotropeolin + UDP.


dihydropyrimidinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5,6-dihydrouracil + H2O = 3-ureidopropionate.


positive regulation of cell budding

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell budding.


nuclear localization sequence binding

description: Binding to a nuclear localization sequence, a specific peptide sequence that acts as a signal to localize the protein within the nucleus.


tetrapyrrole catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the breakdown of tetrapyrroles, natural pigments containing four pyrrole rings joined by one-carbon units linking position 2 of one pyrrole ring to position 5 of the next.


cell migration in diencephalon

description: The orderly movement of a cell that will reside in the diencephalon.


rhombomere cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a rhombomere cell.


name: termination of RNA polymerase II transcription, poly(A)-coupled

description: An RNA polymerase II transcription termination process in which cleavage and polyadenylylation of the mRNA 3' end are coupled to transcription termination.


name: 1,1-dichloroethane reductive dehalogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1-dichloroethane + 2 H+ + 2 e- = chloroethane + HCl.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-tryptophan + acetyl-CoA = N-acetyl-D-tryptophan + CoA + H+.


name: 1-18:1-2-16:0-phosphatidylglycerol trans-3 desaturase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-[(9Z)-octadec-9-enoyl]-2-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-sn-glycerol)(1-) + O2 + a reduced electron acceptor = 1-18:1-2-trans-16:1-phosphatidylglycerol + 2 H2O + an oxidized electron acceptor.


pollen sperm cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a haploid sperm cell within the plant gametophyte.


2-oxobutyrate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-oxobutyrate, the anion of the organic acid 2-oxobutyric acid, which contains a ketone group on carbon 2.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3'-phospho-5'-adenylyl sulfate + L-tyrosine methyl ester = L-tyrosine methyl ester 4-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-diphosphate + H+.


name: chimeric non-reproductive fruiting body development

description: Development of a non-reproductive fruiting body formed by aggregation of cells with different genotypes.


name: negative regulation of connective tissue replacement

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of connective tissue replacement.


response to cordycepin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cordycepin stimulus.


name: metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cell fate commitment

description: The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cell. Metanephric glomerular parietal epithelial cells are specialized epithelial cells that form tight junctions as a barrier to protein transport. These cells may also give rise to podocytes.


name: positive regulation of neutrophil apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil apoptotic process.


gene conversion of immunoglobulin genes

description: The somatic process in which immunoglobulin genes are diversified through the mechanism of gene conversion.


maintenance of synapse structure

description: A process that preserves the structural organistation and orientation of a synaptic cellular component such as the synaptic cytoskeleton and molecular scaffolds.


response to lipid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipid stimulus.


mesodermal cell fate specification

description: The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a mesoderm cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


name: negative regulation of phospholipase C-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the dopamine receptor, phospholipase C activating pathway.


name: response to mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of mitotic G2/M transition DNA damage checkpoint signaling.


intracellular signaling cassette

description: An intracellular signaling module that is part of larger signaling pathways that can be initiated either intracellularly or by cell surface receptors. Intracellular signaling cassettes are discrete signaling units that are often shared by multiple signaling pathways.


name: negative regulation of auditory receptor cell fate specification

description: Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from specifying into an auditory hair cell.


glucose sensor activity

description: Binding to and responding, e.g. by conformational change, to changes in the cellular level of glucose.


histone H2AXS139 kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H2AX-serine (position 139) + ATP = histone H2AX-phosphoserine (position 139) + ADP. This reaction is the addition of a phosphate group to the serine residue at position 139 of histone variant H2AX.


glutamate-gated receptor activity

description: Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.


galactose binding

description: Binding to aldohexose galactose (galacto-hexose), a common constituent of many oligo- and polysaccharides.


name: symbiont-mediated activation of host plasminogen

description: A process in which a symbiont initiates, promotes, or enhances the normal activation of plasminogen, the pathway resulting in the processing of inactive plasminogen to active plasmin in the host organism. This can facilitate the dissemination of the symbiont into host tissues. It can also be used to destroy complement, opsonins as well as antibacterial proteins like histones.


name: trehalose transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of trehalose from one side of a membrane to the other. Trehalose is the disaccharide alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside that acts of a reserve carbohydrate in certain fungi, algae and lichens.


name: arachidonic acid 5,6-epoxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of an NADPH- and oxygen-dependent reaction that converts arachidonic acid to cis-5,6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate + H2O = 2-oxobutanate + NH4.


peripheral B cell positive selection

description: Any process leading to positive selection of B cells in the periphery. Positive selection is the process in which B or T cells are selected to survive based on signaling through their antigen receptors.


lateral line ganglion development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral line ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lateral line ganglion develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated between the eye and ear and behind the ear.


granaticin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving granaticin.


response to prostaglandin F

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a prostagladin F stimulus.


protein S-linked glycosylation

description: A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via a sulfur atom of a peptidyl-amino-acid such as cysteine or methionine.


name: gibberellin A12,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase activity (gibberellin A110-forming)

description: Catalysis of the reaction: gibberellin A12 + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = gibberellin A110 + succinate + carbon dioxide.


guanosine phosphorylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: guanosine + phosphate = guanine + D-ribose 1-phosphate.


name: negative regulation of RNA export from nucleus

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of RNA from the nucleus into the cytoplasm.


response to odorant

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an odorant stimulus. An odorant is any substance capable of stimulating the sense of smell.


name: maternal determination of anterior/posterior axis, embryo

description: The specification of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo by gradients of maternally-transcribed gene products; exemplified in insects by the morphogens, bicoid and nanos.


melanocyte apoptotic process

description: Any apoptotic process in a melanocyte, the main structural component of the epidermis.


3-oxosteroid 1-dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-oxosteroid + acceptor = a 3-oxo-D1-steroid + reduced acceptor.


puromycin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving puromycin, 3'-deoxy-N,N-dimethyl-3'-(O-methyl-L-tyrosinamido)adenosine, an aminonucleoside antibiotic that is a potent inhibitor of translation; produced by the bacterium Streptomyces alboniger.


germacrene-D synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = (-)-germacrene D + diphosphate.


name: specification of metanephric nephron tubule identity

description: The process in which the tubules arranged along the proximal/distal axis of the metanephric nephron acquire their identity.


name: mitotic telomere clustering and tethering at nuclear periphery

description: The process in which the telomeres are gathered together to a small number of foci per chromosome (usually one per chromosome or fewer), and moved to and tethered at the nuclear periphery, as part of a mitotic cell cycle.


blastocyst hatching

description: The hatching of the cellular blastocyst from the zona pellucida.


name: regulation of intraciliary retrograde transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intraciliary retrograde transport.


lung alveolus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the alveolus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The alveolus is a sac for holding air in the lungs; formed by the terminal dilation of air passageways.


name: calcitonin family receptor signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by an extracellular member of the calcitonin family (e.g. adrenomedullin, adrenomedullin 2 (intermedin), amylin, calcitonin and calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRPs)) binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process.


name: transcriptional start site selection at RNA polymerase III promoter

description: Any process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of an RNA polymerase III promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript.


epidermal cell fate specification

description: The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an epidermal cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


name: forebrain radial glial cell differentiation

description: The process in which neuroepithelial cells of the neural tube give rise to radial glial cells, specialized bipotential progenitors cells of the forebrain. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate.


name: positive regulation of autophagosome size

description: Any process that increases autophagosome size.


GTPase motor activity

description: A motor activity driven by GTP hydrolysis.


name: modulation of potassium channel activity in another organism

description: Any process in which an organism effects a change in the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a potassium channel in another organism.


central nervous system morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structure of the central nervous system is generated and organized. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain and spinal cord. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord.


cardiac muscle thin filament assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins to form the actin-based thin filaments of myofibrils in cardiac muscle.


response to L-ascorbic acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) stimulus.


trabecula morphogenesis

description: The process of shaping a trabecula in an organ. A trabecula is a small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, which generally has a mechanical function. Trabecula are usually but not necessarily, composed of dense collagenous tissue.


name: symbiont-mediated activation of host signal transduction pathway

description: A process in which a symbiont subverts a signal transduction pathway in the host organism by initiating, promoting, or enhancing its activation. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: negative regulation of metanephric S-shaped body morphogenesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric S-shaped body morphogenesis.


protein-DNA complex organization

description: Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein-DNA complex.


beta-apiosyl-beta-glucosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 7-[beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy]isoflavonoid + H2O = a 7-hydroxyisoflavonoid + beta-D-apiofuranosyl-(1->6)-D-glucose.


xanthine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving xanthine, 2,6-dihydroxypurine, a purine formed in the metabolic breakdown of guanine but not present in nucleic acids.


name: Wnt signaling pathway, calcium modulating pathway

description: A type of non-canonical Wnt signaling in which Wnt binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell leads to an increase in intracellular calcium and activation of protein kinase C (PKC).


name: detection of increased carbon dioxide by carotid body chemoreceptor signaling

description: The process in which information about the levels of carbon dioxide are received and are converted to a molecular signal by chemoreceptors in a carotid body.


name: positive regulation of viral budding via host ESCRT complex

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral budding via host ESCRT complex.


kidney vasculature morphogenesis

description: The process in which the kidney vasculature is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.


protein dealkylation

description: The removal of an alkyl group from a protein amino acid. Alkyl groups are derived from alkanes by removal of one hydrogen atom.


alpha-pinene-oxide decyclase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-pinene oxide = (Z)-2-methyl-5-isopropylhexa-2,5-dienal.


detection of abscisic acid stimulus

description: The series of events in which an abscisic acid stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal.


cellular response to sorbitol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a sorbitol stimulus.


chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3,6-dichlorocatechol + O2 = 2 H+ + 2,5-dichloro-cis,cis-muconate.


XMP metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving XMP, xanthosine monophosphate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: biphenyl-2,2',3-triol + O2 + NADH + H+ = 2,2',3,3'-tetrahydroxybiphenyl + NAD + H2O.


positive regulation of TOR signaling

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of TOR signaling.


name: regulation of mitotic sister chromatid separation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic sister chromatid separation. Mitotic sister chromatid separation is the process in which sister chromatids are physically detached from each other during mitosis.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-alanine + L-glutamine = gamma-L-glutamyl-D-alanine + NH4.


name: positive regulation by host of symbiont type IV pilus-dependent motility

description: Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the type IV pilus-dependent motility of a symbiont organism (i.e. the controlled movement of a bacterial cell which is dependent on the presence of type IV pili, and which includes social gliding motility and twitching motility). The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


FR-33289 synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: FR-900098 + 2-oxoglutarate(2-) + O2 = FR-33289 + succinate(2-) + carbon dioxide.


name: protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-maltose phosphotransferase system transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + maltose(out) = protein histidine + maltose phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


name: mitochondrial electron transport, cytochrome c to oxygen

description: The transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex IV.


ISG15 ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a ISG15 to a substrate protein via the reaction X-ISG15 + S = X + S-ISG15, where X is either an E2 or E3 enzyme, the X-ISG15 linkage is a thioester bond, and the S-ISG15 linkage is an isopeptide bond between the C-terminal amino acid of ISG15 and the epsilon-amino group of lysine residues in the substrate.


lamellocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized hemocyte precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a lamellocyte. Lamellocytes are a hemocyte lineage that exists only in larvae, but are seldom observed in healthy animals. Lamellocytes differentiate massively in the lymph glands after parasitization and are large flat cells devoted to encapsulation of invaders too large to be phagocytosed by plasmatocytes.


osteoblast differentiation

description: The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an osteoblast, a mesodermal or neural crest cell that gives rise to bone.


head kidney maturation

description: A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the head kidney to attain its fully functional state. The head kidney is a pronephros that consists of fused bilateral lobes located in the anterior part of the kidney.


name: regulation of crystal cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of crystal cell differentiation.


cell wall beta-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells.


name: acetate:proton symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: acetate(out) + H+(out) = acetate(in) + H+(in).


name: DNA recombinase mediator complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a DNA recombinase mediator complex.


name: S-methylmethionine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of S-methylmethionine from one side of a membrane to the other.


bacterial nucleoid packaging

description: A process in which chromosomal DNA and associated proteins organize into a compact, orderly bacterial nucleoid. Often resulting in DNA supercoiling.


dendrite regeneration

description: The regrowth of dendrites in response to their loss or damage.


name: positive regulation of retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi.


name: endosulfan hydroxyether dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: endosulfan hydroxyether = endosulfan lactone + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


name: trans-synaptic signaling, modulating synaptic transmission

description: Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, across the synaptic cleft, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate.


name: regulation of tendon cell differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of tendon cell differentiation.


hydroxypyruvate decarboxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxypyruvate + H+ = CO2 + glycolaldehyde.


name: L-idonate 5-dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-idonate + NAD(P)+ = 5-dehydrogluconate + NAD(P)H + H+.


glycolytic fermentation

description: Fermentation that includes the anaerobic conversion of glucose to pyruvate via the glycolytic pathway.


border follicle cell delamination

description: The delamination process that results in the splitting off of border cells from the anterior epithelium, prior to border cell migration.


name: positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion.


name: negative regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of lymphocyte mediated immunity.


glyoxylate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glyoxylate, the anion of glyoxylic acid, HOC-COOH.


name: cyanidin 3-O-glucoside 2''-O-glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside betaine = cyanidin 3-O-sophoroside + UDP + H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,6-dioxo-6-phenylhexa-3-enoate + H2O = benzoate + 2-oxopent-4-enoate.


name: positive regulation of transdifferentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transdifferentiation.


lipid-A-disaccharide synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2,3-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-beta-D-glucosaminyl 1-phosphate + UDP-2,3-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-D-glucosamine = 2,3-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-D-glucosaminyl-(1->6)-beta-D-2,3-bis(3-hydroxytetradecanoyl)-beta-D-glucosaminyl 1-phosphate + H+ + UDP.


regulation of cellular localization

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity is transported to, or maintained in a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell.


taxadiene 5-alpha-hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: AH(2) + O2 + taxa-4,11-diene = A + H2O + taxa-4(20),11-dien-5alpha-ol.


forebrain cell migration

description: The orderly movement of a cell from one site to another at least one of which is located in the forebrain.


response to cholesterol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cholesterol stimulus.


diapedesis

description: The passage of a leukocyte between the tight junctions of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, typically the fourth and final step of cellular extravasation.


name: myoblast differentiation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized satellite cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. This occurs as part of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


estivation

description: Any process in which an organism enters and maintains a period of dormancy, similar to hibernation, but that occurs during the summer. It insulates against heat to prevent the harmful effects of the season.


name: regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of cell adhesion mediated by integrin.


folic acid:proton symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: folic acid(out) + H+(out) = folic acid(in) + H+(in). The main folic acid symporter is the Proton-Coupled Folate Transporter (PCFT/SLC46A1), which has similar affinity for transport of reduced folates (5-methyl THF, 5-formyl THF) and folic acid.


name: L-alanine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of L-alanine from one side of a membrane to the other. L-alanine is the L-enantiomer of 2-aminopropanoic acid.


oncostatin M production

description: The appearance of oncostatin M due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: stretch-activated, monoatomic cation-selective, calcium channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens in response to a mechanical stress in the form of stretching.


cellular response to oxygen levels

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of oxygen.


regulation of platelet activation

description: Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of platelet activation. Platelet activation is a series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue.


name: positive regulation of viral DNA genome packaging via site-specific sequence recognition

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of viral DNA genome packaging via site-specific sequence recognition.


name: lateral mesoderm structural organization

description: The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the lateral mesoderm. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure.


name: mucilage metabolic process involved in seed coat development

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving mucilage that occur as part of seed coat development; mucilage is normally synthesized during seed coat development.


name: synapse assembly involved in innervation

description: The assembly of a synapse within a target tissue in which a nerve is invading.


name: iron chelate transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of an iron chelate from one side of a membrane to the other. An iron chelate is a heterocyclic compound having a metal ion attached by coordinate bonds to at least two nonmetal ions.


leukocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized hemopoietic precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a leukocyte. A leukocyte is an achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue.


name: methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (NADH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (6S)-5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + NAD+ = (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + NADH + H+.


name: glycine decarboxylation via glycine cleavage system

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine by oxidative cleavage to carbon dioxide, ammonia, and a methylene group, mediated by enzymes of the glycine cleavage complex.


peripheral B cell anergy

description: Any process contributing to anergy, a state of functional inactivation that occurs as part of tolerance induction, in peripheral B cells.


tricuspid valve morphogenesis

description: The process in which the structure of the tricuspid valve is generated and organized.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-isopropenyl-2-ketocyclohexane-1-carboxyl-CoA + H2O = 3-isopropenylpimelyl-CoA.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 6-hydroxyhexanoate + NAD+ = 6-oxohexanoate + H+ + NADH.


forebrain neuron fate commitment

description: The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a neuron that resides in the forebrain.


ferrichrome metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ferrichrome. Ferrichromes are any of a group of growth-promoting Fe(III) chelates formed by various genera of microfungi. They are homodetic cyclic hexapeptides made up of a tripeptide of glycine (or other small neutral amino acids) and a tripeptide of an N'acyl-N4-hydroxy-L-ornithine.


name: beta-adrenergic receptor kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + beta-adrenergic receptor = ADP + phospho-beta-adrenergic receptor.


cellular response to tacrolimus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tacrolimus (FK506) stimulus.


homeostasis of number of cells

description: Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of cells within a population of cells.


interleukin-24 production

description: The appearance of interleukin-24 due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: negative regulation of laminaritriose transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of laminaritriose transport.


mesonephric glomerulus morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the mesonephric glomerulus are generated and organized. The mesonephric glomerulus is a capillary tuft surrounded by Bowman's capsule in nephrons of the vertebrate mesonephros.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: heteroglycan + GDP-mannose = (1->2)-alpha-D-mannosylheteroglycan + GDP.


regulation of aecium development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of aecium development, a process in which a cuplike structure containing chains of aeciospores is formed.


2-oxoglutarate carboxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + ATP + bicarbonate = ADP + 2 H+ + oxalosuccinate + phosphate.


name: inositol phosphorylceramide mannosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 1D-myo-inositol-1-phospho-N-[(R)-2-hydroxy-very-long-chain fatty acyl]-(R)-4-hydroxysphingoid base + GDP-alpha-D-mannose = an alpha-D-mannosyl-(1,6)-1D-myo-inositol-1-phospho-N-[(R)-2-hydroxy-very-long-chain fatty acyl]-(R)-4-hydroxysphingoid base + GDP + H+.


name: regulation of vasoconstriction by norepinephrine

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reductions in the diameter of blood vessels as a result of secretion of norepinephrine into the bloodstream or released by nerve endings.


histone decrotonylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + N6-(2E)-butenoyl-L-lysyl-[histone] = (2E)-2-butenoate + L-lysyl-[histone].


name: forebrain induction by the anterior neural ridge

description: The close range interaction of the anterior neural ridge to the caudal region of the neural plate that specifies the forebrain fate.


phenylpyruvate tautomerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: keto-phenylpyruvate = enol-phenylpyruvate.


central B cell negative selection

description: Any process leading to negative selection of B cells in the bone marrow.


name: aldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an aldehyde + H2O + 2 oxidized ferredoxin = an acid + 2 H+ + 2 reduced ferredoxin.


B cell proliferation

description: The expansion of a B cell population by cell division. Follows B cell activation.


negative regulation of gastrulation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gastrulation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 6-hydroxyflavone = 6-O-beta-D-glucosyl-6-hydroxyflavone + UDP + H+.


eye development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The eye is the organ of sight.


24-methyldesmosterol reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + 24-methyldesmosterol + NADPH = campesterol + NADP.


halotropism

description: A sodium-specific negative tropism that is crucial for surviving and thriving under high salinity.


symbiont-mediated killing of host cell

description: A process mediated by a symbiont that results in the death of a cell in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


sulfur compound catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of compounds that contain sulfur, such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine or the tripeptide glutathione.


threonine-type peptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which the hydroxyl group of a threonine residue at the active center acts as a nucleophile.


name: negative regulation of chloride transport

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chloride transport.


deltoid tuberosity development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the deltoid tuberosity over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The deltoid tuberosity is the region on the shaft of the humerus to which the deltoid muscle attaches. The deltoid tuberosity develops through endochondral ossification in a two-phase process; an initiating tendon-dependent phase, and a muscle-dependent growth phase.


aldehyde oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an aldehyde + H2O + O2 = a carboxylic acid + hydrogen peroxide.


name: sorbose 5-dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-sorbose + NADP+ = 5-dehydro-D-fructose + H+ + NADPH.


acetylene hydratase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetaldehyde = acetylene + H2O.


name: N1-acetylspermine:oxygen oxidoreductase (propane-1,3-diamine-forming) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: N1-acetylspermine + oxygen + H2O = N-(3-acetamidopropyl)-4-aminobutanal + propane-1,3-diamine + hydrogen peroxide.


name: radial glia guided migration of cerebellar granule cell

description: The inward migration of postmitotic granule cells along a radial glial cell from the external granule layer to the internal granule cell layer.


translation regulator activity

description: Any molecular function involved in the initiation, activation, perpetuation, repression or termination of polypeptide synthesis at the ribosome.


nuclear DNA replication termination

description: Any DNA replication termination that is involved in nuclear cell cycle DNA replication.


bronchus cartilage morphogenesis

description: The process in which the bronchus cartilage is generated and organized. The bronchus cartilage is the connective tissue of the portion of the airway that connects to the lungs.


chloroplast localization

description: Any process in which a chloroplast is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the cell. A chloroplast is a chlorophyll-containing plastid found in cells of algae and higher plants.


name: positive regulation of anthocyanin metabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chemical reactions and pathways involving anthocyanins.


response to ximelagatran

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ximelagatran stimulus.


name: envenomation resulting in positive regulation of blood coagulation in another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the resultant activation, maintenance or an increase in the frequency, rate or extent of blood coagulation in the bitten organism.


name: positive regulation of mitochondrial calcium ion concentration

description: Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in mitochondria.


name: thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor activity

description: Combining with thyroid-stimulating hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: aryl-aldehyde dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an aromatic aldehyde + NADP+ + AMP + diphosphate + H2O = an aromatic acid + NADPH + ATP.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: [(1->2)-beta-D-fructosyl](n) + [(1->2)-beta-D-fructosyl](m) = [(1->2)-beta-D-fructosyl](n+1) + [(1->2)-beta-D-fructosyl](m-1).


name: cell growth mode switching, budding to filamentous

description: The process in which a cell switches from growing as a round budding cell to growing as a filament (elongated cells attached end-to-end). An example of this is the yeast-hyphal transition of Candida albicans.


nucleic acid metabolic process

description: Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleic acids.


peptidyl-cysteine methylation

description: The methylation of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-methyl-L-cysteine.


lipid transfer activity

description: Removes a lipid from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle. This results in intermembrane transfer of lipids.


name: ethanolamine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of ethanolamine from one side of a membrane to the other. Ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol, monoethanolamine) is an amino alcohol that occurs widely in living organisms as a constituent of certain types of phospholipids, such as phosphatidylethanolamine.


nitrate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrates, inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid.


name: fungal-type cell wall polysaccharide biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the polysaccharides which make up the fungal-type cell wall.


name: negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.


supramolecular fiber organization

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a supramolecular fiber, a polymer consisting of an indefinite number of protein or protein complex subunits that have polymerised to form a fiber-shaped structure.


name: clustering of voltage-gated potassium channels

description: The process in which voltage-gated potassium channels become localized together in high densities. In animals, voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are clustered beneath the myelin sheath in regions immediately adjacent to paranodes, called juxtaparanodes, and along the inner mesaxon within the internode.


GDP-D-rhamnose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving GDP-D-rhamnose, a substance composed of rhamnose in glycosidic linkage with guanosine diphosphate.


name: mesonephric juxtaglomerular apparatus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the mesonephros over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is an anatomical structure which consists of juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells and the macula densa. The juxtaglomerular apparatus lies adjacent to the glomerulus and regulates kidney function by maintaining the blood flow to the kidney and the filtration rate.


name: cytosolic small ribosomal subunit assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cytosolic small ribosomal subunit.


o-xylene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving o-xylene, (1,2-dimethylbenzene) a colorless, liquid aromatic hydrocarbon.


name: N-terminal protein amino acid carbamoylation

description: The carbamoylation of the N-terminal amino acid of proteins.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: trans-cinnamate + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 2-coumarate + H2O + NADP+.


name: modulation of ion channel activity in another organism

description: Any process in which an organism effects a change in the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of an ion channel in another organism.


parathyroid hormone receptor activity

description: Combining with parathyroid hormone to initiate a change in cell activity.


monocyte proliferation

description: The expansion of a monocyte population by cell division.


meiotic G1 phase

description: The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA segregation by meiosis and the beginning of DNA synthesis.


name: regulation of endothelial cell proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of endothelial cell proliferation.


name: transferase activity, transferring sulphur-containing groups

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfur-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).


name: cobalamin 5'-phosphate synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: adenosylcobinamide-GDP + alpha-ribazole-5'-phosphate = adenosylcobalamin-5'-phosphate + GMP.


oxygen sensor activity

description: Binding to and responding, e.g. by conformational change, to changes in the cellular level of oxygen (O2).


name: anthocyanin 5-aromatic acyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: anthocyanidin-3,5-diglucoside + hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA = anthocyanidin 3-glucoside-5-hydroxycinnamoylglucoside + CoA.


name: regulation of cobalamin metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving cobalamin (vitamin B12), a water-soluble vitamin characterized by possession of a corrin nucleus containing a cobalt atom.


cellular response to interleukin-4

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an interleukin-4 stimulus.


name: negative regulation of keratinocyte apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of keratinocyte apoptotic process.


embryonic organ morphogenesis

description: Morphogenesis, during the embryonic phase, of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.


name: cellular response to iron ion starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of iron ions.


name: regulation of compound eye cone cell fate specification

description: Any process that mediates the specification of a cell into a compound eye cone cell.


name: vestibular receptor cell fate commitment

description: The process in which a cell becomes committed to become a vestibular receptor cell.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N(2)-acetyl-L-aminoadipate-semialdehyde + NADP+ + phosphate = N(2)-acetyl-L-gamma-aminoadipyl phosphate + NADPH.


name: adhesion of symbiont appressorium to host

description: The attachment of an appressorium of the symbiont to its host via adhesion molecules. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


myeloid leukocyte activation

description: A change in the morphology or behavior of a myeloid leukocyte resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.


vacuole fusion, non-autophagic

description: The fusion of two vacuole membranes to form a single vacuole.


name: regulation of endothelial cell-matrix adhesion via fibronectin

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell-matrix adhesion via fibronectin.


name: P-type proton-exporting transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of protons from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out). These transporters use a phosphorylative mechanism, which have a phosphorylated intermediate state during the ion transport cycle.


name: modulation of sensory perception of pain in another organism

description: A process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the sensory perception of pain, the series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal, in a different organism.


name: regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of homotypic cell-cell adhesion.


name: 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase activity

description: Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate-dependent catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.


name: regulation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway.


name: negative regulation of ribosomal subunit export from nucleus

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal subunit export from nucleus.


axon ensheathment

description: Any process in which the axon of a neuron is insulated, and that insulation maintained, thereby preventing dispersion of the electrical signal.


name: regulation of spermidine biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of spermidine biosynthetic process.


chlorophyllide a metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving chlorophyllide a, a chlorophyll lacking the terpenoid side chain, which is the functional parent of chlorophyll a.


name: regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential

description: Any process that modulates the potential difference across a post-synaptic membrane.


inferior raphe nucleus development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inferior raphe nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


DNA damage sensor activity

description: A molecule that recognises toxic DNA structures, for example, double-strand breaks or collapsed replication forks, and initiates a signaling response.


lipid digestion

description: The whole of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by living organisms to break down ingested lipids into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism.


TRAIL production

description: The appearance of TRAIL due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


tRNA decay

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tRNA, transfer RNA, a class of relatively small RNA molecules responsible for mediating the insertion of amino acids into the sequence of nascent polypeptide chains during protein synthesis.


name: negative regulation of L-glutamate import across plasma membrane

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of L-glutamate import into a cell.


cyclic GMP-AMP binding

description: Binding to cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) nucleotide.


regulation of organic acid transport

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of organic acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: methionine + a 2-oxo acid = 2-oxo-4-methylthiobutanoate + an amino acid.


name: negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell apoptotic process.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: [myelin proteolipid] + palmityl-CoA = [myelin proteolipid] O-palmitoylprotein + CoA.


response to curcumin

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a curcumin stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine + undecaprenyl phosphate = UMP + N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine-diphosphoundecaprenol.


name: regulation of mesenchymal stem cell proliferation involved in nephron morphogenesis

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and contributes to the shaping of a nephron.


ecdysone receptor signaling pathway

description: A nuclear receptor-mediated signaling pathway initiated by an ecdysone binding to an intracellular receptor of the nuclear receptor protein family, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: AMPA selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by glutamate binding to an AMPA-selective glutamate receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by the movement of ions through a channel in the receptor complex, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.


name: maintenance of protein location in plasma membrane

description: Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location in the plasma membrane, and is prevented from moving elsewhere.


lauroyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of a lauroyl (dodecanoyl) group from one compound to another.


galactokinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-galactose + ATP = alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + ADP + 2 H+.


name: cobalt-factor II C20-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + cobalt-factor II = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + cobalt-factor III.


plasma lipoprotein particle oxidation

description: The modification of a lipid or protein within a plasma lipoprotein particle by oxidation of the lipid or one or more amino acids.


long nephron development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a long nephron over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Long nephrons are associated with juxtamedullary glomeruli and extend into the inner medulla.


regulation of uredospore formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of uredospore formation, a process in which an asexual, dikaryotic, often rusty-colored spore, is formed in a structure called a uredinium.


name: maintenance of protein location in vacuole

description: Any process in which a protein is maintained in a specific location in a vacuole, and is prevented from moving elsewhere.


esculin beta-glucosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of glucosidic link in esculin.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, quinone or similar compound as acceptor

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a sulfur-containing group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces quinone or a related compound.


name: cell-cell adhesion involved in establishment of planar polarity

description: The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that contributes to the establishment of planar cell polarity.


name: response to corticotropin-releasing hormone

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulus. Corticotropin-releasing hormone is a peptide hormone involved in the stress response.


name: regulation of actin filament-based movement

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin filament-based movement.


name: nicotinamide riboside hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: nicotinamide riboside + H2O = nicotinamide + D-ribose.


granzyme B production

description: The appearance of granzyme B due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


bronchus cartilage development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of lung cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage is a connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3,4-dihydroxyfluorene + O2 = 2-hydroxy-4-(1-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-inden-2-ylidene) but-2-enoic acid.


maintenance of left/right asymmetry

description: The organization process that preserves the asymmetry in an organism's body plan or part of an organism with respect to the left and right halves.


name: regulation of R8 cell spacing in compound eye

description: Any process that ensures that the R8 cells are selected in a precise progressive pattern so that they are evenly spaced throughout the eye disc.


cellular response to L-arginine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-arginine stimulus.


generative cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a generative cell. The generative cell gives rise to the sperm cells in the male gametophyte.


name: regulation of melanocyte differentiation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of melanocyte differentiation.


establishment of T cell polarity

description: The directed orientation of T cell signaling molecules and associated membrane rafts towards a chemokine gradient or a contact point with antigen presenting cell.


name: negative regulation of striated muscle cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle cell differentiation.


name: connective tissue replacement involved in inflammatory response wound healing

description: The series of events leading to growth of connective tissue when loss of tissues that are incapable of regeneration occurs, or when fibrinous exudate cannot be adequately cleared, as part of an inflammatory response.


ARF protein signal transduction

description: An intracellular signaling cassette in which a small monomeric GTPase of the ARF subfamily relays a signal.


frontonasal suture morphogenesis

description: The process in which the frontonasal suture, between frontal and nasal bones, is generated and organized.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H+ + isovaleryl-CoA + 3 malonyl-CoA = 6-(4-methyl-2-oxopentyl)-4-hydroxy-2-pyrone + 4 coenzyme A + 3 carbon dioxide.


name: substrate-dependent cell migration, cell contraction

description: The translocation of the cell body forward during cell migration, mediated by tractional force on its substrate and tension in the cortical cytoskeleton. Adhesions transmit propulsive forces and serve as traction points over which the cell moves.


name: negative regulation of myofibroblast cell apoptotic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myofibroblast cell apoptotic process.


name: saccharopine dehydrogenase (NAD+, L-glutamate-forming) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-saccharopine + H2O + NAD+ = L-glutamate + allysine + H+ + NADH.


name: glutathione derivative metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutathione derivative.


name: negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle contraction

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of vascular smooth muscle contraction.


name: benzoic acid glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: benzoic acid + UDP-glucose = benzoic acid glucose ester + UDP.


peptidoglycan muralytic activity

description: A catalytic activity that contributes to the degradation of peptidoglycan.


name: protein O-linked glycosylation via tyrosine

description: The glycosylation of protein via the O4' atom of peptidyl-tyrosine, O4'-glycosyl-L-tyrosine; the carbohydrate is glucose, the origin for glycogen.


hormone biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone.


locomotor rhythm

description: The rhythm of the locomotor activity of an organism during its 24 hour activity cycle.


L-valine transaminase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + L-valine = 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid + L-glutamatic acid.


name: regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in mammary gland bud elongation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mammary gland bud epithelial cell proliferation that results in the elongation of the bud.