name: positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of brown fat cell differentiation. Brown fat cell differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a brown adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in adaptive thermogenesis. Brown adipocytes contain multiple small droplets of triglycerides and a high number of mitochondria.


category: biolink:MolecularActivity biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: Catalysis of the reaction: [GlcNAc-(1->4)-Mur2Ac(oyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)](n)-di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate + beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-Mur2Ac(oyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)-di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate = [GlcNAc-(1->4)-Mur2Ac(oyl-L-Ala-gamma-D-Glu-L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala)](n+1)-di-trans-octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate + di-trans,octa-cis-undecaprenyl diphosphate + H+.


tight junction organization

category: biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a tight junction. A tight junction seals cells together in an epithelium in a way that prevents even small molecules from leaking from one side of the sheet to the other.


estrogen catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of estrogens, C18 steroid hormones that can stimulate the development of female sexual characteristics. Also found in plants.


name: negative regulation of alpha-beta T cell activation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of alpha-beta T cell activation.


DNA negative supercoiling activity

description: Catalytic introduction of negative supercoils into a DNA molecule or region thereof. In bacteria, negative supercoils are only introduced by DNA gyrase, a type II topoisomerase, but not all DNA gyrases are capable of introducing supercoils. In bacteria, the level of supercoiling varies widely between species and has been characterized properly in only a handful of organisms. The best characterized enzyme, from E.coli, is exceptionally proficient at supercoiling and this ability is not representative of all bacteria.


name: negative regulation of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction involved in micturition.


disulfide oxidoreductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: substrate with reduced sulfide groups = substrate with oxidized disulfide bonds.


D-proline reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-aminopentanoate + [PrdC protein]-Se-L-selenocysteinyl-S-L-cysteine = [PrdC protein]-L-selenocysteine/L-cysteine + D-proline.


name: photosynthesis, light harvesting in photosystem II

description: After a photon of light is absorbed by one of the many chlorophyll molecules, in one of the light-harvesting complexes of an antenna on photosystem II, some of the absorbed energy is transferred to the pair of chlorophyll molecules in the reaction center.


protein maturation

description: Any process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein.


epoxide carboxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the generic reaction: epoxide + CO2 + NAD+ + electron donor = beta-keto acid + NADH + reduced electron donor; the electron donor may be NADPH or a dithiol. This reaction is the ring opening and carboxylation of an epoxide; for example: epoxypropane + CO2 + NAD+ + NADPH = acetoacetate + NADH + NADP+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + S-(4-bromophenyl)-L-cysteine = (4-bromophenylsulfanyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate.


visual behavior

description: The behavior of an organism in response to a visual stimulus.


name: positive regulation of inorganic anion transmembrane transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of inorganic anion transmembrane transport.


name: regulation of intestinal lipid absorption

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of intestinal lipid absorption.


oocyte morphogenesis

description: The process in which the structures of an oocyte are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of an oocyte.


regulation of synaptic vesicle docking

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synaptic vesicle docking.


name: positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue regeneration

description: Any process that activates or increase the rate of skeletal muscle regeneration.


name: contractile actin filament bundle assembly

description: Assembly of actin filament bundles in which the filaments are loosely packed (approximately 30-60 nm apart) and arranged with opposing polarities; the loose packing allows myosin (usually myosin-II) to enter the bundle.


TORC2 complex disassembly

description: The disaggregation of a TORC2 complex into its constituent components.


protein localization to division septum

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within a division septum.


peptidyl-lysine deacetylation

description: The removal of an acetyl group from an acetylated lysine residue in a peptide or protein.


name: proximal/distal pattern formation involved in nephron development

description: The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis of a nephron. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from the center of the kidney (proximal end) outward (distal end).


name: regulation of meiotic spindle elongation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of meiotic spindle elongation.


glutamate synthase (NADPH) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 L-glutamate + NADP+ = 2-oxoglutarate + L-glutamine + H+ + NADPH. This is a two-step reaction: (a) L-glutamate + NH3 = L-glutamine + H2O, (b) L-glutamate + NADP+ + H2O = NH3 + 2-oxoglutarate + NADPH + H+.


inositol oxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: myo-inositol + O2 = D-glucuronate + H2O + H+.


regulation of hemocyte proliferation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hemocyte proliferation. Hemocytes are blood cells associated with a hemocoel (the cavity containing most of the major organs of the arthropod body) which are involved in defense and clotting of hemolymph, but not involved in transport of oxygen. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


triterpenoid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units.


peptide dopaminyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: dopamine + L-glutaminyl-[protein] = 5-dopaminyl-L-glutamyl-[protein] + NH4(+).


selective angioblast sprouting

description: The segregation of angioblasts into discrete arterial and venous vessels from one common precursor vessel.


eye-antennal disc development

description: Progression of the eye-antennal imaginal disc over time, from its initial formation through to its metamorphosis to form adult structures including the eye, antenna, head capsule and maxillary palps.


response to carbamate

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a carbamate stimulus. Carbamates are a group of insecticides and parasiticides that act by inhibiting cholinesterase.


description: Catalysis of the transfer of an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue from UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine to the 4-position of a mannose linked alpha-1,6 to the core mannose of high-mannose oligosaccharides produced by Dictyostelium discoideum.


name: response to injury involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a injury. This process occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


description: The methylation of the N-terminal proline of proteins to form the derivative N,N-dimethyl-L-proline.


name: regulation of secretion by asymmetric Golgi ribbon formation

description: The asymmetric formation of a continuous ribbon of interconnected Golgi stacks of flat cisternae that modulates the controlled release of a substance from a polarized epithelial cell.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetoacetyl-CoA + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA + H+.


name: negative regulation of crystal cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of crystal cell differentiation.


name: L-amino acid efflux transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of an L-amino acid from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane.


organic acid phosphorylation

description: The process of introducing one or more phosphate groups into an organic acid.


name: positive regulation of response to nutrient levels

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a response to nutrient levels.


name: negative regulation of homophilic cell adhesion

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of homophilic cell adhesion.


name: negative regulation of Notch signaling pathway involved in somitogenesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Notch signaling pathway involved in somitogenesis.


response to purine-containing compound

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a purine-containing compound stimulus.


melanocyte adhesion

description: The attachment of a melanocyte to another cell via adhesion molecules.


name: positive regulation of male germ-line stem cell asymmetric division

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of male germ-line stem cell asymmetric division.


ribosomal large subunit assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of constituent RNAs and proteins to form the large ribosomal subunit.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: deacetyl-[citrate-oxaloacetate-lyase ((pro-3S)-CH(2)COO(-)-acetate)] + S-acetylphosphopantetheine = [citrate oxaloacetate-lyase ((pro-3S)-CH(2)COO(-)-acetate)] + pantetheine 4'-phosphate.


response to methylamine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a methylamine stimulus.


name: proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, a large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane.


name: glycine:sodium symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glycine(out) + Na+(out) = glycine(in) + Na+(in).


name: cell proliferation involved in metanephros development

description: The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of the population in the metanephros.


hair follicle maturation

description: A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a hair follicle to attain its fully functional state.


name: high-affinity glucose:proton symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: glucose + H+ = glucose + H+. This activity is constitutive and therefore always present, regardless of demand. Symporter activity enables the active transport of a solute across a membrane by a mechanism whereby two or more species are transported together in the same direction in a tightly coupled process not directly linked to a form of energy other than chemiosmotic energy. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


name: negative regulation of T-helper 1 cell activation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T-helper 1 cell activation.


folic acid binding

description: Binding to folic acid, pteroylglutamic acid. Folic acid is widely distributed as a member of the vitamin B complex and is essential for the synthesis of purine and pyrimidines.


name: regulation of chronic inflammatory response to non-antigenic stimulus

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of a chronic inflammatory response to a non-antigenic stimulus.


name: mesenchymal cell differentiation involved in bone development

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the mesenchymal cells of bone as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


name: regulation of melanization defense response

description: Any process that affects the rate, extent or location of the melanization defense response during injury or invasion.


name: specification of metanephric loop of Henle identity

description: The process in which the loop of Henle of the metanephric nephron acquires its identity.


name: deoxyribose 5-phosphate metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving deoxyribose 5-phosphate, the phosphorylated sugar 5-phospho-2-deoxyribose.


name: negative regulation of NK T cell activation

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer T cell activation.


4-nitrotoluene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-nitrotoluene, 1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene. It is a light yellow liquid with a weak aromatic odor.


dUMP kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + dUMP = ADP + dUDP.


chemotaxis to arachidonic acid

description: The directed movement of a motile cell or organism in response to the presence of arachidonic acid.


alpha-ribazole metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving alpha-ribazole, the benzimidazole nucleoside in adenosyl cobalamin (vitamin B12).


FAD diphosphatase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: FAD + H2O = AMP + FMN.


phytyl diphosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytyl diphosphate, (2E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl trihydrogen diphosphate.


name: leukemia inhibitory factor signaling pathway involved in forebrain neuron fate commitment

category: biolink:Pathway biolink:OntologyClass biolink:BiologicalProcess biolink:Occurrent biolink:BiologicalProcessOrActivity biolink:BiologicalEntity biolink:ThingWithTaxon biolink:NamedThing biolink:PhysicalEssenceOrOccurrent

description: The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of leukemia inhibitory factor to its receptor on the surface of the target cell, that contributes to the commitment of a neuroblast to a neuronal fate. The neuron will reside in the forebrain.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylcholine + a sterol = a sterol ester + 1-acylglycerophosphocholine.


lymphocyte chemotaxis

description: The directed movement of a lymphocyte in response to an external stimulus.


regulation of male mating behavior

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of male mating behavior.


negative regulation of behavior

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli.


name: silver ion transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of silver (Ag+) ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


response to ischemia

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a inadequate blood supply.


name: nicotinic acid riboside hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: nicotinic acid riboside + H2O = nicotinic acid + D-ribose.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 D-glucose 1-phosphate = D-glucose + D-glucose 1,6-bisphosphate.


cellular response to abiotic stimulus

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus.


name: multi-pass transmembrane protein insertion into ER membrane

description: A process of protein insertion of multi-pass membrane proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Insertion of multi-pass membrane proteins is mediated by the multi-pass translocon complex and takes place following membrane insertion of the first few transmembrane segments of proteins by the SEC61 complex to promote insertion of subsequent transmembrane regions.


protein glutathionylation

description: The protein modification process in which a glutathione molecule is added to a protein amino acid through a disulfide linkage.


spermatogonial cell division

description: The mitotic divisions of the primary spermatogonial cell (a primordial male germ cell) to form secondary spermatogonia (primary spermatocytes).


name: regulation of siderophore biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of siderophore biosynthetic process.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (-)-secoisolariciresinol + NAD = H+ + (-)-lactol + NADH.


(R)-6-hydroxynicotine oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-6-hydroxynicotine + H2O + O2 = 6-hydroxypseudooxynicotine + H2O2.


name: positive regulation of muscle tissue development

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of muscle tissue development.


cohesin unloader activity

description: Facilitating a conformational change to unload a cohesin complex from sister chromatids.


name: negative regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of signaling via the brain-derived neurotrophic factor receptor signaling pathway.


name: negative regulation of viral budding via host ESCRT complex

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of viral budding via host ESCRT complex.


response to chloroquine

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chloroquine stimulus.


perichondral ossification

description: Intramembranous ossification from the surface of a cartilage element as the perichondrium becomes a periosteum, without replacement of cartilage.


rhombomere development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the rhombomere over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Rhombomeres are transverse segments of the developing rhombencephalon. Rhombomeres are lineage restricted, express different genes from one another, and adopt different developmental fates.


glandular epithelial cell maturation

description: The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a glandular epithelial cell to attain its fully functional state. A glandular epithelial cell is a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface exposed to the lumen of a gland.


name: leukotriene B4 12-hydroxy dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: leukotriene B4 + NADP+ = 12-oxo-leukotriene B4 + NADPH + H+.


name: soyasaponin III rhamnosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-L-rhamnose + soyasaponin III = H+ + UDP + soyasaponin I.


name: behavioral response to formalin induced pain

description: Any process that results in a change in the behaviour of an organism as a result of a formalin pain stimulus.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA + H2O = CoA + H+ + methylmalonate.


histone H4 methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a histone H4 = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a methylated histone H4. Histone methylation generally occurs on either an arginine or a lysine residue.


ureidoglycine aminohydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ureidoglycine + H2O = S-ureidoglycolate + NH3.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: a medium-chain aldehyde + NAD+ = a medium-chain carboxylate + NADH + H+. Medium-chain aldehydes have a chain length of between 8 and 12 carbons.


name: delphinidin 7-O-(6-O-(4-O-(glucosyl)-oxybenzoyl)-glucoside) acyltransferase (acyl-glucose dependent activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside-7-O-(6-O-(4-O-(glucosyl)-oxybenzoyl)-glucoside) + 1-O-4-hydroxybenzoyl-beta-D-glucose = violdelphin + beta-D-glucose.


cortisol O-acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + cortisol = CoA + cortisol 21-acetate.


name: negative regulation of endothelial tube morphogenesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial tube morphogenesis.


cytochrome c metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving cytochrome c.


name: oocyte anterior/posterior axis specification

description: Polarization of the oocyte along its anterior-posterior axis. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


eosinophil extravasation

description: The migration of an eosinophil from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue.


name: chromosome passenger complex localization to spindle midzone

description: A cellular protein complex localization that acts on a chromosome passenger complex; as a result, the complex is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location at the spindle midzone. A chromosome passenger complex is a protein complex that contains the BIR-domain-containing protein Survivin, Aurora B kinase, INCENP and Borealin, and coordinates various events based on its location to different structures during the course of mitosis. The spindle midzone is the area in the center of the spindle where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: salicyl alcohol + UDP-D-glucose = H+ + salicin + UDP.


name: extracellularly glycine-gated ion channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glycine is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.


name: positive regulation of innate immune response

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response, the organism's first line of defense against infection.


taurine biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), a sulphur-containing amino acid derivative important in the metabolism of fats.


name: positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin.


name: negative regulation of phenotypic switching

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of phenotypic switching.


name: 3alpha-hydroxy bile acid-CoA-ester 3-dehydrogenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reactions: a 3alpha-hydroxy bile acid CoA + NAD+ = a 3-oxo bile acid CoA + H+ + NADH.


name: regulation of cyclodextrin metabolic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cyclodextrin metabolic process.


dibenzo-p-dioxin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzo-p-dioxin, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by two ether bonds. Dibenzo-p-dioxins are generated as by-products in the manufacturing of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, paper pulp bleaching, and in incineration, and can accumulate in milk and throughout the food chain, creating significant health concern.


AV node cell action potential

description: An action potential that occurs in an atrioventricular node cardiac muscle cell.


regulation of locomotion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of locomotion of a cell or organism.


galactomannan catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactomannan, a polysaccharide composed of D-galactosyl and D-mannosyl. The mannosyl units form the backbone structure (a linear main chain) with the D-galactosyl as single side units.


regulation of fever generation

description: Any process that modulates the rate or extent of fever generation.


fatty acid peroxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H2O2 + H+ + palmitate = CO2 + 3 H2O + pentadecanal.


pseudouridine kinase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pseudouridine = ADP + 2 H+ + pseudouridine 5'-phosphate.


name: regulation of hypoxia-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hypoxia-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway.


name: negative regulation of floral organ abscission

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of floral organ abscission, the controlled shedding of floral organs.


L-DOPA receptor activity

description: Combining with L-DOPA to initiate a change in cell activity. L-DOPA is the modified amino acid (2S)-2-amino-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid, and is the precursor to dopamine, norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine.


mitral valve morphogenesis

description: The process in which the structure of the mitral valve is generated and organized.


name: regulation of connective tissue replacement

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of connective tissue replacement.


rhythmic excitation

description: Any process involved in the generation of rhythmic, synchronous excitatory synaptic inputs in a neural circuit.


electroception

description: The series of events required for an organism to receive an electrical stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Many fish possess an electroception sense; for example, the electric eel uses low voltage pulses of electricity for navigation and prey location.


name: negative regulation of renal output by angiotensin

description: The process in which angiotensin directly decreases the rate of natriuresis and diuresis in the kidney.


name: positive regulation of otic vesicle morphogenesis

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of otic vesicle morphogenesis.


rhamnose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose. Rhamnose occurs commonly as a compound of plant glycosides, in polysaccharides of gums and mucilages, and in bacterial polysaccharides. It is also a component of some plant cell wall polysaccharides and frequently acts as the sugar components of flavonoids.


dichloromethane metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving dichloromethane, a dichlorinated derivative of methane. It is a colorless organic liquid with a sweet, chloroform-like odor, often used as a paint remover.


name: envenomation resulting in pore formation in membrane of another organism

description: A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a pore complex in a membrane of the bitten organism.


name: gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate), an amino acid which acts as a neurotransmitter in some organisms.


name: phospholipase C-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

description: A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway which proceeds with inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC) activity and a subsequent decrease in the levels of cellular inositol trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG).


chorion development

description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a chorion from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure. The chorion is an extraembryonic membrane.


name: membrane depolarization during bundle of His cell action potential

description: The process in which bundle of His cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential.


name: monounsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of monounsaturated fatty acid.


mesonephric distal tubule development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephric distal tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mesonephric distal tubule is a mesonephric nephron tubule that begins at the terminal segment of the proximal tubule and ends at the mesonephric connecting tubule.


name: positive regulation of taurine biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of taurine biosynthesis.


name: regulation of cell cycle G1/S phase transition

description: Any signaling pathway that modulates the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G1 phase to S phase of the cell cycle.


naphtho-gamma-pyrone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving naphtho-gamma-pyrone.


name: 5alpha,9alpha,10beta-labda-8(20),13-dien-15-yl diphosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 5alpha,9alpha,10beta-labda-8(20),13-dien-15-yl diphosphate.


carnitine O-acetyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + carnitine = (R)-O-acetylcarnitine + CoA.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene + H+ + 2 e- = Cl- + 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene. 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDE; 1-chloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethene is also known as DDMU.


tRNA wobble guanine modification

description: The process in which a guanine in t position 34 of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified.


cytolysis

description: The rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm.


homoserine metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving homoserine, alpha-amino-gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cystathionine, threonine and methionine.


name: specification of nephron tubule identity

description: The process in which the tubules arranged along the proximal/distal axis of the nephron acquire their identity.


name: somatic recombination of T cell receptor gene segments

description: The process in which T cell receptor genes are formed through recombination of the germline genetic elements, also known as T cell receptor gene segments.


klinokinesis

description: The movement of a cell or organism in response to a stimulus in which the frequency or magnitude of turning behavior is altered.


stilbene biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of stilbenes, a class of polyketide compounds formed from cinnamic acid and three molecules of malonyl CoA.


name: regulation of cardiac muscle fiber development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle fiber development.


pyramid development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney pyramids over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Kidney pyramids are the conical masses that constitute the renal medulla in a multi-lobed mammalian kidney; they contain the loops of Henle and the medullary collecting ducts.


T cell activation

description: The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.


juvenile hormone metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving juvenile hormones, the three sesquiterpenoid derivatives that function to maintain the larval state of insects at molting and that may be required for other processes, e.g. oogenesis.


name: CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized T cell acquires specialized features of a mature CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell.


name: response to DNA damage checkpoint signaling

description: A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of DNA damage checkpoint signaling.


name: regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha signaling pathway

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha signaling pathway.


name: positive regulation of chlorophyll biosynthetic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chlorophyll biosynthetic process.


NADPH regeneration

description: A metabolic process that generates a pool of NADPH by the reduction of NADP+.


name: positive regulation of cellular response to phosphate starvation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to phosphate starvation.


ribonuclease MRP activity

description: Catalysis of the site-specific cleavage of RNA by a catalytic RNA-mediated mechanism; substrates include the A3 site in the ITS1 of pre-rRNA.


specification of loop of Henle identity

description: The process in which the loop of Henle of the kidney nephron acquires its identity.


BMP receptor activity

description: Combining with a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family, and transmitting a signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.


adenyl ribonucleotide binding

description: Binding to an adenyl ribonucleotide, any compound consisting of adenosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose moiety.


name: symbiont-mediated suppression of host neutrophil extracellular trap formation

description: A process in which a symbiont inhibits or disrupts the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps by the host cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction.


name: cerebral cortex tangential migration using cell-axon interactions

description: The movement of cerebral cortex neuronal precursors tangentially through the cortex using interaction of the migrating cells with axons of other neurons.


detoxification of aluminum ion

description: Any process that reduce or remove the toxicity of aluminum ions. These can include transport of the aluminum away from sensitive areas, sequesteration, or chemical modification to an inert form.


tripeptide aminopeptidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a single N-terminal amino acid residue from a tripeptide.


response to cortisol

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cortisol stimulus. Cortisol is the major natural glucocorticoid synthesized in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex; it affects the metabolism of glucose, protein, and fats and has appreciable mineralocorticoid activity. It also regulates the immune system and affects many other functions.


heart valve formation

description: The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a heart valve from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable.


name: plastid single subunit type RNA polymerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template that contains a single subunit type plastid RNA polymerase specific promoter to direct initiation and catalyses DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'.


name: regulation of long-term synaptic depression

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of long term synaptic depression.


cysteamine dioxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: cysteamine + O2 = H+ + hypotaurine.


alpha-beta T cell activation

description: The change in morphology and behavior of an alpha-beta T cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-aminoethylphosphonate, most abundant and ubiquitous of naturally occurring phosphonates. It is typically found as a conjugate of glycans, lipids, and proteins, which in turn perform essential biochemical functions in specialized lower organisms.


name: Mo-molybdopterin cofactor metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the Mo-molybdopterin cofactor, essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo) ion coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.


arylamine glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + an arylamine = UDP + an N-D-glucosylarylamine.


name: fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of fungal cells.


name: positive regulation of lung goblet cell differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lung goblet cell differentiation.


name: negative regulation of opsin-mediated signaling pathway

description: The process of restoring the photoreceptor cell to its unexcited state after termination of the stimulus (photon).


name: DNA endonuclease activity, producing 3'-phosphomonoesters

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within deoxyribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 3'-phosphomonoesters.


D-amino acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-amino acids, the D-enantiomers of amino acids.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-coumaryl-CoA + cyanin betaine = shisonin + coenzyme A.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-methylbutanoyl-CoA(4-).


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H2O + 2-(acetamidomethylene)succinate = CO2 + NH3 + succinate semialdehyde + acetate.


name: specification of anterior mesonephric tubule identity

description: The process in which the tubules of the anterior mesonephros acquire their identity.


indole-3-acetaldehyde oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (indol-3-yl)acetaldehyde + H2O + O2 = (indol-3-yl)acetate + H2O2 + H+.


dADP biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dADP, deoxyadenosine diphosphate (2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-diphosphate).


memory T cell proliferation

description: The expansion of a memory T cell population by cell division.


(1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-methylthiopropyl-desulfoglucosinolate + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate = 3-methylthiopropyl-glucosinolate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate.


ABC-type zinc transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Zn2+(out) = ADP + phosphate + Zn2+(in).


lytic transglycosylase activity

description: Catalysis of the specific cleavage of the beta-(1->4) glycosidic linkage between N-acetylmuramyl and N-acetylglucosaminyl residues in peptidoglycan, with the concomitant formation of 1,6-anhydro-N-acetylmuramyl residues.


name: plasma membrane respiratory chain complex IV assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form respiratory chain complex IV (also known as cytochrome c oxidase) in the plasma membrane.


name: NAD+-histone H2BS6 serine ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of ADP-ribose groups to the serine-6 or an equivalent residue of the N-terminal tail of histone H2B.


dextrin dextranase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl(n) + 1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl(m) = 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl(n-1) + 1,6-alpha-D-glucosyl(m+1).


arginine catabolic process to succinate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including succinate.


carbon disulfide oxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: carbon disulfide + NADH + H+ + O2 = [S] + H2O + NAD+ + carbonyl sulfide.


peptidyl-lysine formylation

description: The modification of peptidyl-lysine to form peptidyl-N6-formyl-L-lysine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 6-alkylaminopurine + UDP-D-glucose = 6-alkylamino-7-beta-D-glucosylpurine + H+ + UDP. This reaction is an N-glucosylation event.


name: negative regulation of artery morphogenesis

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of artery morphogenesis.


name: protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-N-acetylgalactosamine phosphotransferase system transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + N-acetylgalactosamine(out) = protein histidine + N-acetylgalactosamine phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.


entry into dormancy

description: The dormancy process that results in entry into dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated.


name: regulation of cell cycle phase transition

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell cycle phase transition.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-naringenin(1-) + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = sakuranetin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.


name: positive regulation of imaginal disc-derived wing size

description: Any process that increases the size of an imaginal disc-derived wing.


hair cycle

description: The cyclical phases of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), quiescence (telogen), and shedding (exogen) in the life of a hair; one of the collection or mass of filaments growing from the skin of an animal, and forming a covering for a part of the head or for any part or the whole of the body.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + 2 NAD+ + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = 3 H+ + 2 NADH + UDP-N-acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucuronate.


name: steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by a steroid hormone binding to a receptor.


cargo receptor activity

description: Binding specifically to a substance (cargo) to deliver it to a transport vesicle. Cargo receptors span membranes (for instance the plasma membrane or the endoplasmic reticulum membrane), binding simultaneously to cargo molecules and coat adaptors, to efficiently recruit the cargo molecules to nascent vesicles.


name: positive regulation of adenosine transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of adenosine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.


name: regulation of intestinal epithelial structure maintenance

description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of intestinal epithelial structure maintenance, a tissue homeostatic process required for the maintenance of the structure of the intestinal epithelium.


name: response to muscle inactivity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a muscle inactivity stimulus. This process occurs as part of the regulation of muscle adaptation.


name: protein-phycoerythrobilin linkage via S-phycoerythrobilin-L-cysteine

description: The linkage of the chromophore phycoerythrobilin to phycoerythrocyanin via S-phycoerythrobilin-L-cysteine.


regulation of cell activation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell activation, the change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand.


name: epicardium-derived cardiac fibroblast cell fate commitment

description: The commitment of an epicardial cell to a cardiac fibroblast cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a cardiac fibroblast. A cardiac fibroblast is a connective tissue cell in the heart which secretes an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.


name: fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein variant which contains both an arabinogalactan protein (AGP) motif and a fasciclin domain.


name: positive regulation of leucophore differentiation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of leucophore differentiation.


L-ascorbate peroxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-ascorbate + hydrogen peroxide = dehydroascorbate + 2 H2O.


name: NAD+-histone H2BE35 glutamate ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of ADP-ribose groups to the glutamate-35 residue of the N-terminal tail of histone H2B (or an equivalent residue).


name: regulation of cell communication by electrical coupling

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via electrical coupling. Cell communication via electrical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-4-methyloctanoyl-CoA = 4-methyl-3-oxooctanoyl-CoA + 2 H+ + 2 e-.


name: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + CoA + NAD(P)+ = succinyl-CoA + CO2 + NAD(P)H.


name: negative regulation of cell fate specification

description: Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from adopting a specific cell fate.


response to ammonium ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ammonium stimulus.


zygosporangium development

description: The process in which a fruiting body called zygosporangium is formed. A zygosporangium is a thick-walled structure in which spores are produced, and is characteristic of the Zygomycetes.


name: fibroblast growth factor receptor activity

description: Combining with a fibroblast growth factor receptor ligand and transmitting the signal across the plasma membrane to initiate a change in cell activity.


name: ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process via the C-end degron rule pathway

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide covalently tagged with ubiquitin, via the DesCEND (destruction via C-end degron) pathway. In the DesCEND pathway, C-terminal residues (C-end degrons) in substrates are recognized by Cul2-RING and Cul4-RING E3 ligases, whereupon the substrates are linked to ubiquitin and then delivered to the proteasome for degradation. C-end degrons can be present in full-length proteins, truncated proteins or proteolytically cleaved forms.


ovulation cycle process

description: A process involved in the sexual cycle seen in females, often with physiologic changes in the endometrium that recur at regular intervals during the reproductive years.


name: hydroxymethylbutenyl pyrophosphate reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the formation of both isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate from (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate.


name: positive regulation of dipeptide transport

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of dipeptide transport.


vitellogenesis

description: The production of yolk. Yolk is a mixture of materials used for embryonic nutrition.


name: high-affinity secondary active nitrite transmembrane transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the transfer of nitrite from one side of the membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. In high affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


name: corticotropin hormone secreting cell differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a corticotropic hormone secreting cell. An corticotropic hormone secreting cell is a basophil cell of the anterior pituitary that produces corticotropin.


name: methyltetrahydrofolate:corrinoid/iron-sulfur protein methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a tetrahydrofolate + a [methyl-Co(III) corrinoid Fe-S protein] = an N5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate + a [Co(I) corrinoid Fe-S protein].


name: regulation of establishment or maintenance of bipolar cell polarity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment or maintenance of bipolar cell polarity.


name: branched-chain amino acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of amino acids containing a branched carbon skeleton, comprising isoleucine, leucine and valine.


corydaline synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 2 NADPH + palmatine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + corydaline + 2 NADP+.


name: positive regulation of cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus.


name: nucleoside:proton symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: nucleoside(out) + H+(out) = nucleoside(in) + H+(in).


name: positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the non-canonical NF-kappaB cascade.


hypersensitivity

description: An inflammatory response to an exogenous environmental antigen or an endogenous antigen initiated by the adaptive immune system.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-(alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-(alpha-D-Man-(1->6))-alpha-D-Man-(1->6))-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc-diphosphodolichol + dolichyl D-mannosyl phosphate = H+ + alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-[alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->3)-(alpha-D-Man-(1->2)-alpha-D-Man-(1->6))-alpha-D-Man-(1->6)]-beta-D-Man-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1->4)-D-GlcNAc-diphosphodolichol + dolichyl phosphate.


regulation of centriole elongation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of centriole elongation.


name: positive regulation of RIG-I signaling pathway

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of RIG-I signaling pathway.


name: double strand break-nuclear membrane anchor activity

description: Binding to DNA double strand breaks and the nuclear inner membrane, in order to facilitate DNA repair.


distinct antral spaces stage

description: The stage in oogenesis when the antral spaces become distinct and the first polar body forms.


vasomotion

description: The rhythmical contraction and relaxation of arterioles, observed as slow and fast waves, with frequencies of 1-2 and 10-20 cpm.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-histidyl-[protein] + NAD+ = H+ + Nt-(ADP-D-ribosyl)-L-histidyl-[protein] + nicotinamide.


glucuronolactone reductase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-gulono-1,4-lactone + NADP+ = D-glucurono-3,6-lactone + H+ + NADPH.


name: positive regulation of podocyte apoptotic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular visceral epithelial cell apoptotic process.


name: antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II

description: The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein.


calcium channel activity

description: Enables the energy-independent facilitated diffusion of a calcium ion through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel.


name: hypothalamic tangential migration using cell-axon interactions

description: The movement of a hypothalamic neuronal precursor tangentially through the forebrain using an interaction of the migrating cells with axons of other neurons.


regulatory RNA binding

description: Binding to a small regulatory RNA, a short RNA (usually 50-200 nt long) that is either independently transcribed or processed from a longer RNA by an RNAse enzyme.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + dihydrosanguinarine = H2O2 + sanguinarine.


name: regulation of nematode pharyngeal pumping

description: Any process that modulates the contraction and relaxation movements of the pharyngeal muscle that mediates feeding in nematodes.


peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation

description: The phosphorylation of peptidyl-threonine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-threonine.


name: negative regulation of catabolic process

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances.


name: short-chain fatty acid transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of short-chain fatty acids from one side of a membrane to the other. A short-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing fewer than 6 carbons.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside + caffeoyl-CoA = pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-caffeoylglucoside + coenzyme A.


name: hydroxyproline O-arbinofuranose transferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-beta-L-arabinofuranose + a [protein]-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline = UDP + H+ + a protein-O-(beta-L-arabinofuranose)-trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline.


regulation of eclosion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the emergence of an insect from a pupa-case or of a larva from an egg.


arginine catabolic process to proline

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arginine into other compounds, including proline.


pyruvate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: pyruvate + CoA + NAD+ = acetyl-CoA + CO2 + NADH.


protein branched polyubiquitination

description: A protein ubiquitination process in which ubiquitin monomers are attached to a protein, and then ubiquitin polymers are formed by linkages between lysine residues at various positions of the ubiquitin monomers, forming branched linkages, such as K11/K48- or K11/K63-linked chains.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: phosphoenolpyruvate + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine = phosphate + UDP-N-acetyl-3-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-D-glucosamine.


name: regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress.


name: monocyclic sesterterpenediol synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: monocyclic sesterterpenediol = all-trans-geranylfarnesol + H2O.


pancreatic D cell fate commitment

description: The commitment of a cell to a pancreatic D cell fate and its capacity to differentiate into a pancreatic D cell. A delta cell is a cell of the pancreas that produces somatostatin.


forelimb morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the forelimb are generated and organized. The forelimbs are the front limbs of an animal, e.g. the arms of a human.


name: cellular response to pyrimidine ribonucleotide

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a pyrimidine ribonucleotide stimulus.


name: regulation of establishment of T cell polarity

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of establishment of T cell polarity.


neomycin metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving neomycin.


name: regulation of branch elongation involved in ureteric bud branching

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of branch elongation involved in ureteric bud branching, the growth of a branch of the ureteric bud along its axis.


neural plate formation

description: The formation of the flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells known as the neural plate. The underlying dorsal mesoderm signals the ectodermal cells above it to elongate into columnar neural plate cells. The neural plate subsequently develops into the neural tube, which gives rise to the central nervous system.


metallo-sulfur cluster assembly

description: The incorporation of a metal and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + L-2,4-diaminobutyrate = L-aspartate 4-semialdehyde + L-glutamate.


(-)-secologanin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (-)-secologanin.


protein denucleotidylation

description: The removal of a nucleotide from a protein amino acid.


description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: serotonin(out) + Na+(out) + Cl-(out) = serotonin(in) + Na+(in)+ Cl-(in).


name: negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide-mediated programmed cell death

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of hydrogen peroxide-mediated programmed cell death.


name: L-arabitol catabolic process to xylulose 5-phosphate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of L-arabitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. L-arabitol is converted into L-xylulose, which is then phosphorylated to L-xylulose-5-phosphate. This is converted to D-xylulose-5-phosphate via the intermediate L-ribulose-5-phosphate.


trans-synaptic signaling via exosome

description: Transynaptic signaling in which the ligand is carried across the synapse by an exosome.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (1R,5S)-carveol + NAD+ = (S)-carvone + H+ + NADH.


slit diaphragm assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a slit diaphragm, specialized cell-cell junction found between the interdigitating foot processes of the glomerular epithelium (the podocytes) in the vertebrate kidney, which is adapted for facilitating glomerular filtration.


name: high-affinity sodium:dicarboxylate symporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: dicarboxylate(out) + Na+(out) = dicarboxylate(in) + Na+(in). In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations.


nitrogenase P cluster assembly

description: The biochemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a P-cluster of a nitrogenase, a high-nuclearity, Fe/S-only cluster that can be viewed as two [4Fe-4S] sub-clusters sharing a gamma-6-sulfide.


D-ribose metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-ribose (ribo-pentose). As beta-D-ribofuranose, D-ribose forms the glycose group of all ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids, and also of ribose phosphates, various glycosides, some coenzymes and some forms of vitamin B12.


name: salicylic acid mediated signaling pathway

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by salicylic acid.


acetoin biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetoin, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone.


regulation of myotube cell migration

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myotube cell migration.


stem cell proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of stem cells, resulting in the expansion of a stem cell population. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells.


beta-mannosidase activity

description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-mannose residues in beta-D-mannosides.


name: adenylyl-sulfate reductase (glutathione) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: AMP + glutathione disulfide + H+ + sulfite = 5'-adenylyl sulfate + 2 glutathione.


cytochrome b6f complex assembly

description: Formation of cytochrome b6f complex, a complex that transfers electrons from reduced plastoquinone to oxidized plastocyanin and translocates protons from the stroma to the lumen, by the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of its constituents.


FADH2 binding

description: Binding to the reduced form, FADH2, of flavin-adenine dinucleotide, the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes.


name: negative regulation of response to furfural

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of response to furfural.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of N-acetylmannosamine, the acetylated derivative of mannosamine, 2-amino-2-deoxymannose.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: benzo(a)pyrene-cis-4,5-dihydrodiol = 4,5-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene + H2.


sulfoquinovose isomerase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction sulfoquinovose = 6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose.


actin cortical patch localization

description: Any process in which actin cortical patches are transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. An actin cortical patch is a discrete actin-containing structure found just beneath the plasma membrane in fungal cells.


ceramide 1-phosphate transfer activity

description: Removes a ceramide 1-phosphate from a membrane or a monolayer lipid particle, transports it through the aqueous phase while protected in a hydrophobic pocket, and brings it to an acceptor membrane or lipid particle.


aspartate-tRNA(Asn) ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: tRNA(Asx) + L-aspartate + ATP = aspartyl-tRNA(Asx) + diphosphate + AMP.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: dihydrosanguinarine + H+ + NADPH + O2 = 10-hydroxydihydrosanguinarine + H2O + NADP+.


name: mesonephric nephron epithelium development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mesonephric nephron epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. The mesonephric nephron epithelium is a tissue that covers the surface of a nephron in the mesonephros.


plasma membrane raft polarization

description: The clustering and aggregation of a plasma membrane into domains. This serves as a mechanism to compartmentalize cellular activities and to establish cell polarity.


campest-4-en-3-one hydroxylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H+ + campest-4-en-3-one + O2 + NADPH = (22S)-22-hydroxycampest-4-en-3-one + H2O + NADP.


name: oxidoreductase activity, acting on hydrogen as donor, iron-sulfur protein as acceptor

description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen acts as an electron donor and reduces an iron-sulfur protein.


N-acetylmuramic acid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving N-acetylmuramic acid (MurNAc), a monosaccharide derivative of N-acetylglucosamine.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: FMNH2 + O2 = 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole + D-erythrose 4-phosphate + dialuric acid.


regulation of neuron apoptotic process

description: Any process that modulates the occurrence or rate of cell death by apoptotic process in neurons.


name: positive regulation of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hematopoietic stem cell proliferation.


post-embryonic foregut morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the foregut are generated and organized, during the post-embryonic phase.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: formononetin + NADPH + O2 = 2'-hydroxyformononetin + NADP+ + H2O.


name: guanosine tetraphosphate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of guanine tetraphosphate (5'-ppGpp-3'), a derivative of guanine riboside with four phosphates.


gene conversion

description: A DNA recombination process that results in the unidirectional transfer of genetic material from a donor sequence to a highly homologous acceptor. The resulting acceptor sequence is identical to that of the donor.


name: structural constituent of collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle

description: The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle. An example of this process is found in Caenorhabditis elegans.


immunological memory process

description: Any process of the immune system that can contribute to the formation of immunological memory or an immune response based upon activation of immunological memory.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconate = pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde.


name: very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: a very long-chain fatty acyl-CoA + H2O = a very long-chain fatty acid + CoA + H+. A very long-chain fatty acid has an aliphatic tail containing more than 22 carbons.


bundle sheath cell fate specification

description: The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a bundle sheath cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxybenzoate + NADPH + H+ + O2 = hydroquinone + NADP+ + H2O + CO2.


name: regulation of apical ectodermal ridge formation

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apical ectodermal ridge formation.


mesendoderm migration

description: The process in which the population of cells that make up a mesendoderm undergo directed movement. The mesendoderm is the epithelial tissue that gives rise to both mesoderm and endoderm.


name: symbiont genome ejection through host cell envelope

description: Entry of a symbiont's genome into the host cell through the host cell envelope. Occurs in non-enveloped prokaryotic viruses. Caudovirales carry an ejection apparatus that can be long and contractile, long and noncontractile, or short, and is able to penetrate the host cell envelope to deliver the viral genome into the host cell cytoplasm.


arsonoacetate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of arsonoacetate, a synthetic, organic compound containing a single arsenic atom.


name: histone H3K79 dimethyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysyl79-[histone H3] + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2H+ + N6,N6-methyl-L-lysyl79-[histone H3] + 2 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


name: negative regulation of aggregate size involved in sorocarp development

description: Any process that decreases the size of the aggregate formed during sorocarp formation.


name: NAD-dependent histone H3K18 deacetylase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: histone H3 N6-acetyl-L-lysine (position 18) + H2O = histone H3 L-lysine (position 18) + acetate. This reaction requires the presence of NAD, and represents the removal of an acetyl group from lysine at position 18 of the histone H3 protein.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = L-2-acetamido-6-oxopimelate + CoA.


name: pentacyclic triterpenoid metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving pentacyclic triterpenoid compounds, terpenoids with six isoprene units and 5 carbon rings.


gene conversion at mating-type locus

description: The conversion of the mating-type locus from one allele to another resulting from the recombinational repair of a site-specific double-strand break at the mating-type locus with information from a silent donor sequence. There is no reciprocal exchange of information because the mating-type locus copies information from the donor sequence and the donor sequence remains unchanged.


endoplasmic reticulum polarization

description: The endoplasmic reticulum organization process that results in the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum being oriented in the cell. Endoplasmic reticulum polarization serves as a mechanism to compartmentalize cellular activities and to establish cell polarity.


galacturonate catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid.


name: vesicle tethering involved in exocytosis

description: The initial, indirect interaction between a secretory vesicle membrane and a site of exocytosis in the plasma membrane. This interaction is mediated by tethering factors (or complexes), which interact with both membranes. Interaction can occur via direct binding to membrane phospholipids or membrane proteins, or via binding to vesicle coat proteins. This process is distinct from and prior to docking and fusion.


poly(A) binding

description: Binding to a sequence of adenylyl residues in an RNA molecule, such as the poly(A) tail, a sequence of adenylyl residues at the 3' end of eukaryotic mRNA.


Arp2/3 complex binding

description: Binding to an Arp2/3 complex, a protein complex that contains two actin-related proteins, Arp2 and Arp3, and five novel proteins (ARPC1-5).


name: negative regulation of metanephric DCT cell differentiation

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metanephric DCT cell differentiation.


nucleus accumbens development

description: The progression of the nucleus accumbens over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The nucleus accumbens is a collection of pleomorphic cells in the caudal part of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, in the region of the olfactory tubercle, lying between the head of the caudate nucleus and the anterior perforated substance. It is part of the ventral striatum, a composite structure considered part of the basal ganglia.


name: voltage-gated monoatomic ion channel activity

description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a voltage-gated channel. An ion is an atom or group of atoms carrying an electric charge by virtue of having gained or lost one or more electrons. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.


name: myoblast proliferation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration

description: The multiplication or reproduction of myoblasts, resulting in the expansion of the cell population. This occurs as part of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers.


name: positive regulation of mitotic spindle pole body separation

description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the process involving the release of duplicated mitotic spindle pole bodies (SPBs) and their migration away from each other within the nuclear membrane.


ergothioneine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ergothioneine, a naturally occurring metabolite of histidine with antioxidant properties.


thiopurine S-methyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a thiopurine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a thiopurine S-methylether.


endosomal vesicle fusion

description: The homotypic fusion of endocytic vesicles to form or add to an early endosome.


name: G protein-coupled olfactory receptor activity

description: Combining with an odorant and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.


maintenance of stationary phase

description: The homeostatic process in which a population of cells changes its metabolic activity resulting in the rate of death in the population equaling the rate of reproduction. Stationary phase can be in response to limited nutrients or a build-up of toxic substances in the environment.


name: ATPase-coupled lipo-chitin oligosaccharide transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + lipo-chitin oligosaccharide(in) = ADP + phosphate + lipo-chitin oligosaccharide(out).


response to indolebutyric acid

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an indolebutyric acid stimulus.


name: negative regulation of ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus.


anthraniloyl-CoA monooxygenase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ + O2 = 2-amino-5-oxocyclohex-1-enecarboxyl-CoA + H2O + 2 NADP+.


regulation of R7 cell fate commitment

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of R7 cell fate commitment.


norepinephrine catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of norepinephrine, a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla, and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts in the central nervous system. It is also the demethylated biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine.


endogalactosaminidase activity

description: Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-galactosaminidic linkages in poly(D-galactosamine).


ATP-dependent FeS chaperone activity

description: Binding to and delivering metal ions to a target protein, driven by ATP hydrolysis.


name: larval lymph gland hemocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell derived from the larval lymph gland acquires the specialized features of a mature hemocyte. The lymph gland consists of three to six bilaterally paired lobes that are attached to the cardioblasts during larval stages, and it degenerates during pupal stages. Hemocytes are blood cells associated with a hemocoel (the cavity containing most of the major organs of the arthropod body) which are involved in defense and clotting of hemolymph, but not involved in transport of oxygen. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.


achromobactin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of achromobactin, a citrate siderophore.


name: DNA strand elongation involved in mitotic DNA replication

description: Any DNA strand elongation involved in mitotic cell cycle DNA replication.


name: mandibular condyle articular cartilage development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of mandibular joint condyle articular cartilage over time, from its formation to the mature structure.


3-chlorocatechol metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-chlorocatechol.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-O-(N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl)-L-seryl/L-threonyl-[protein] + H2O = L-seryl//L-threonyl-[protein] + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.


mycotoxin catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a mycotoxin, any poisonous substance produced by a fungus.


PERK-mediated unfolded protein response

description: The series of molecular signals mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum membrane stress sensor PERK (PKR-like ER kinase). Begins with activation of PERK in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The main substrate of PERK is the translation initiation factor eIF2alpha. Serine-phosphorylation of eIF2alpha by PERK inactivates eIF2alpha and inhibits general protein translation. In addition, eIF2alpha phosphorylation preferentially increases the translation of selective mRNAs such as ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4), which up regulates a subset of UPR genes required to restore folding capacity.


name: midbrain-hindbrain boundary structural organization

description: The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the midbrain-hindbrain boundary structure. The midbrain-hindbrain domain of the embryonic brain is comprised of the mesencephalic vesicle and the first rhombencephalic vesicle at early somitogenesis stages. An organizing center at the boundary patterns the midbrain and hindbrain primordia of the neural plate.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucose + an anthocyanin = UDP + an anthocyanin 3'-O-beta-D-glucoside.


monocyte differentiation

description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a monocyte.


description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of O3-(N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphoryl)-L-serine. The recovery of O-phosphorylserine from acid hydrolysates suggests N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate residues are esterified to peptidyl serines through phosphoester bonds.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methyltetrahydromethanopterin + coenzyme M = 5,6,7,8-tetrahydromethanopterin + methyl-coenzyme M. 2-(methylthio)ethanesulfonate is also known as methyl-CoM.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: NADP + a reduced coenzyme F420 = NADPH + H+ + an oxidized coenzyme F420.


name: positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation

description: The process of activating or increasing the rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. Mesenchymal cells are loosely organized embryonic cells.


diaminopimelate biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diaminopimelate, both as an intermediate in lysine biosynthesis and as a component (as meso-diaminopimelate) of the peptidoglycan of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (E,E)-geranylgeraniol + ATP = H+ + all-trans-geranyl-geranyl monophosphate + ADP.


metanephric DCT cell differentiation

description: The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the distal convoluted tubule cells of the metanephros as it progresses from its formation to the mature state.


protein localization to ERGIC

description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC).


description: Catalysis of the reaction: stearoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + reduced acceptor + O2 = oleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + acceptor + H2O. The enzyme requires ferredoxin.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: luteolin 7-O-[(beta-D-glucosiduronate)-(1->2)-(beta-D-glucosiduronate)] + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = H+ + luteolin 7-O-[(beta-D-glucosiduronate)-(1->2)-(beta-D-glucosiduronate)] 4'-O-beta-D-glucosiduronate + UDP.


primary root development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the primary root over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The primary root develops directly from the embryonic radicle.


name: positive regulation of long-term synaptic depression

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of long term synaptic depression.


gliogenesis

description: The process that results in the generation of glial cells. This includes the production of glial progenitors and their differentiation into mature glia.


cellular response to sucrose starvation

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of sucrose.


name: small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex assembly

description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and a snoRNA to form a small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) complex.


root meristem specification

description: The specification of a meristem which will give rise to a primary or lateral root.


O antigen ligase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: Lipid A-core + colanic acid = MLPS.


name: immunoglobulin production involved in immunoglobulin-mediated immune response

description: The appearance of immunoglobulin due to biosynthesis or secretion following a cellular stimulus during an immune response, resulting in an increase in its intracellular or extracellular levels.


name: heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat unit consisting of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked hexuronic acid and glucosamine residues; the former are a mixture of sulfated and nonsulfated D-glucuronic acid and L-iduronic acid; the L-iduronic acid is either sulfated or acetylated on its amino group as well as being sulfated on one of its hydroxyl groups; heparan sulfate chains are covalently linked to peptidyl-serine by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide galactosyl-galactosyl-xylosyl to serine residues.


beta-zeacarotene metabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-zeacarotene.


regulation of immune effector process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune effector process.


mucosal tolerance induction

description: Tolerance induction taking place in the mucosal tissues.


name: inositol phosphoceramide synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: phytoceramide + inositol phosphate = inositol phosphoceramide + diacylglycerol.


description: Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in isolichenin, pseudonigeran and nigeran.


manchette disassembly

description: The disaggregation of a manchette into its constituent components.


name: branched-chain amino acid:2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate aminotransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-keto-4-methylthiobutyrate + L-phenylalanine = phenylpyruvate + L-methionine.


actin-myosin filament sliding

description: The sliding movement of actin thin filaments and myosin thick filaments past each other.


cellular response to paraquat

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a paraquat stimulus.


glycerol catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycerol, 1,2,3-propanetriol, a sweet, hygroscopic, viscous liquid, widely distributed in nature as a constituent of many lipids.


name: protein-phosphocysteine-mannosylglycerate-phosphotransferase system transporter activity

description: Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein S-phosphocysteine + mannosylglycerate(out) = protein cysteine + mannosylglycerate phosphate(in).


name: positive regulation of tRNA catabolic process

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of tRNA catabolic process.


cell aggregation

description: The clustering together and adhesion of initially separate cells to form an aggregate. Examples include the clustering of unicellular organisms or blood cells in suspension and the condensation of mesenchymal cells during cartilage formation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: toluene-4-sulfonate + NADH + O2 = NAD+ + OH- + 4-sulfobenzyl alcohol.


fin morphogenesis

description: The process in which the anatomical structures of a fin are generated and organized.


selenium binding

description: Binding to a selenium (Se) ion.


diamine transaminase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: an alpha,omega-diamine + 2-oxoglutarate = an omega-aminoaldehyde + L-glutamate.


Rab geranylgeranyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 geranylgeranyl diphosphate + protein-cysteine = 2 S-geranylgeranyl-protein + 2 diphosphate. This reaction is the formation of two thioether linkages between the C-1 atom of the geranylgeranyl groups and two cysteine residues within the terminal sequence motifs XXCC, XCXC or CCXX. Known substrates include Ras-related GTPases of a single family and the Rab family.


name: polyadenylation-dependent RNA catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an RNA molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3'-end of the target RNA.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: cytolipin-H + CMP-N-acetylneuraminate = alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosylceramide + CMP. Alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-2,3-beta-D-galactosyl-1,4-beta-D-glucosylceramide is also known as GM3.


tryprostatin A biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of tryprostatin A.


name: regulation of cardiac muscle tissue development

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle tissue development.


name: negative regulation of ribosome biogenesis

description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosome biogenesis is the cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of ribosome subunits.


decylcitrate synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + lauroyl-CoA + oxaloacetate = (2S,3S)-2-hydroxytridecane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate + CoA + H+.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: cyanidin-3-O-D-rhamnosyl-(1,6)-D-glucoside + UDP-D-glucose = cyanidin-3-O-[D-rhamnosyl-(1,6)-D-glucoside]-5-O-D-glucoside + UDP.


racemase and epimerase activity

description: Catalysis of a reaction that alters the configuration of one or more chiral centers in a molecule.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: H(2) + menaquinone = reduced menaquinone.


fibroblast proliferation

description: The multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells, resulting in the expansion of the fibroblast population.


name: 5S class rRNA transcription by RNA polymerase III

description: The synthesis of 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), or an equivalent rRNA, from a DNA template by RNA polymerase III (Pol III), originating at a type 1 RNA polymerase III promoter.


name: taurine transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of taurine from one side of a membrane to the other. Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is a sulphur-containing amino acid derivative which is important in the metabolism of fats.


specification of symmetry

description: The establishment of an organism's body plan or part of an organism such that a similar arrangement in form and relationship of parts around a common axis, or around each side of a plane is created.


positive regulation of protein folding

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein folding.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: (7R)-7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanate + H2O = (7R)-7-aminocephalosporanate + glutarate.


name: D-arabinose 1-dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-arabinose + NAD+ = D-arabinono-1,4-lactone + NADH.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-aminobutanoate + pyruvate = succinate semialdehyde + alanine.


pyranose oxidase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose + O2 = 2-dehydro-D-glucose + H2O2.


name: regulation of violaceol I biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of violaceol I biosynthetic process.


name: 5' deoxyribonuclease (pyrimidine dimer) activity

description: Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage immediately 5' to pyrimidine dimers to products with 5'-phosphate.


name: regulation of anthocyanin biosynthetic process

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of anthocyanins.


name: regulation of anterograde axonal transport of mitochondrion

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of mitochondria along microtubules in axons away from the cell body and towards the presynapse.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: indole-3-acetate + L-leucine + ATP = H+ + indole-3-acetyl-leucine + diphosphoric acid + AMP.


short descending thin limb development

description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the short descending thin limb over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The short descending thin limb is the descending thin limb of a short nephron that has a squamous epithelial morphology.


name: naringenin chalcone 4'-O-glucosyltransferase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone = UDP + 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone 4'-O-beta-D-glucoside + H+.


response to silver ion

description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a silver ion stimulus.


hibernation

description: Any process in which an organism enters and maintains a period of dormancy in which to pass the winter. It is characterized by narcosis and by sharp reduction in body temperature and metabolic activity and by a depression of vital signs.


name: glycerophospholipid arachidonoyl-transferase (CoA-independent) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + 1-alkyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-alkyl-2-lyso-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-alkyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine.


trophectodermal cell proliferation

description: The proliferation of cells in the trophectoderm.


name: negative regulation of Golgi lumen acidification

description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of Golgi lumen acidification.


name: endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis

description: Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of calcium ions within the endoplasmic reticulum of a cell or between the endoplasmic reticulum and its surroundings.


aldehyde biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aldehydes, any organic compound with the formula R-CH=O.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysine + acetyl-CoA = N6-acetyl-L-lysine + CoA + H+.


name: D-arabinose catabolic process to xylulose 5-phosphate

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-arabinose to form xylulose 5-phosphate. D-arabinose is converted into D-ribulose, which is phosphorylated to ribulose-5-phosphate, which is isomerized to give D-xylulose-5-phosphate.


alpha-amino acid biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of an alpha-amino acid.


name: calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity

description: Enables the transfer of calcium (Ca) ions from one side of a membrane to the other.


sex-specific pigmentation

description: Establishment of a pattern of pigment in one sex that is not observed in the other sex.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane + HCl = 1,3(R),4(S),5(S),6(R)-pentachlorocyclohexene.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-succinyl-L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + H2O + NAD+ = N-succinyl-L-glutamate + 2 H+ + NADH.


cartilage homeostasis

description: A tissue homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal equilibrium within cartilage, including control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-alpha-D-glucose + NAD = H+ + UDP-3-keto-alpha-D-glucose + NADH.


name: purine-containing compound biosynthetic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine-containing compound, i.e. any compound that contains purine or a formal derivative thereof.


description: The formation of a protein-phosphoribosyl dephospho-coenzyme A linkage via O-(phosphoribosyl dephospho-coenzyme A)-L-serine.


name: tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein

description: The process of introducing a phosphate group to a tyrosine residue of a STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) protein.


acetylpyruvate hydrolase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetylpyruvate + H2O = acetate + H+ + pyruvate.


isobazzanene synthase activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate = isobazzanene + diphosphoric acid.


xanthine binding

description: Binding to xanthine, a purine base.


name: negative regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity

description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the rate of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity.


dTMP catabolic process

description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dTMP, deoxyribosylthymine monophosphate.


name: (3R)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoate:CoA ligase (ADP-forming) activity

description: Catalysis of the reaction: (3R)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoate + CoA-SH + ATP = H2O + ADP + phosphate + (3R)-3-isopropenyl-6-oxoheptanoyl-CoA.


uropod retraction

description: The process in which a uropod detaches from the cell substrate and retracts the rear of a migrating cell.


name: regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction

description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction.


name: positive regulation of gastric mucosal blood circulation

description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gastric mucosal blood circulation.


description: Catalysis of the reaction: guanosine(6) in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = H+ + N(2)-methylguanosine(6) in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine.


stem vascular tissue pattern formation

description: Vascular tissue pattern formation as it occurs in the stem of vascular plants.